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From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
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On Wed, 1 Sep 2004, Roy Badami wrote:

> >>>>> "Dean" == Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> writes:
> 
>     Dean> This is completely wrong.  You are confusing a license with
>     Dean> a contract.  Patent laws in various countries prohibit use
>     Dean> of patented technology and intentional violations have
>     Dean> severe penalties, where unintentional violations have
>     Dean> economic penalties and injunction. 
> 
> I think you're missing my point.  I fully realize that distributing
> software may violate patent law.
> 
> However a lot of discussion here has focussed on whether the existence
> of the Sender ID license causes distribution of software to be
> contrary to the GPL.

Ahh. Yes, I missed that.  I think the GPL specifically answers this
question:

http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html

 "Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents.
  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will
  individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program
  proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must
  be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all."

If you've written code, released it under the GPL, and it needs to be free
without encumbrances.  You can't secretly add encumbrances to it.  That
would be dishonest.

> My point is: clearly, if you aren't a party to the patent license then
> its wording can't have any effect on you.  Either the GPL allows you
> to distribute software that might have claims on it or it doesn't.

I certainly can have effect on you. I thought I was clear: A patent has
effect on you regardless of whether you are a party to a license.  It
effects _everyone_ in the realm of the patent jurisdiction for 21 years.

> Distributing software may (obviously) be unlawful under patent law,
> but the wording of a license you haven't agreed to isn't going to
> affect your rights under the GPL.

I think you missed the point: You don't "agree" to a patent license any
more than you agree to abide by the speed limit.  You either accept the
terms of a license or you don't use the patented technology.  Unlicensed
use of patented technology may result in injuctions, damages, back
royalties, and attorneys fees.

You keep trying to put things in terms of contracts: If you don't agree to
a contract, you aren't bound by it. By contrast, patents are mandates. You
must comply with patent law whether you agree or not. Your choice is to
either obtain a license or not use the patented technology.  This is, of
course, why software patents are so oppressive.

		--Dean



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On Wed, 1 Sep 2004, Dean Anderson wrote:

> This is a personal message, and doesn't qualify as being published. You
> mentioned that you failed to follow up.  That may be true. And that's why
> you shouldn't be credited for originating the idea, and why David Green
> and later Hadmut Danisch should be credited.  They did the work, and
> unlike you, took it to the IETF, and published it first.  What you did in
> secret is irrelevant. You should have published it.
>
> That's just your oversight.  However, the Namedroppers archives show that
> you __replied__ to Green's proposal. He was __first__ to publish.  Maybe
> you had Miller's draft in the wings since 1997. But you didn't get it it
> first.

To be able to claim that somebody first discovered it, the person would 
have to either file a patent (and have patent filing date prior to when 
the idea is first discussed on introduced in public) or to actually post 
an idea in public forum (either internet or journal, etc). So I hate to 
say it, but it looks like Dean Anderson is right and based on the facts 
presented David Green should be credited as first person that introduced 
what is now being developed by MARID.

I recommend MARID chairs or authors of the drafts make an appropriate 
changes to the Acknoledgement section of both core and protocol drafts, 
something like this (text mostly combination of what was in protocol
and core acknoledgements sections):

   This design is based on earlier work published in 2003 in [RMX] and 
   [DMP] drafts (by Hadmut Danisch and Gordon Fecyk respectively). 
   The idea of using a DNS record to check the legitimacy of an email 
   address traces its ancestry to "Repudiating Mail-From" draft by Paul 
   Vixie [Vixie] (based on suggestion by Jim Miller) and to
   "Domain-Authorized SMTP Mail" draft by David Green [Green] who first 
   introduced this idea on namedroppes maillist in 2002.

With references as follows:
 [Green] http://www.atm.tut.fi/list-archive/namedroppers/msg01636.html
 [Vixie] http://www.atm.tut.fi/list-archive/namedroppers/msg01638.html

And these acknolidgements should probably be the same for both 
marid-protocol and marid-core drafts. Although protocol can list 
additional people who contributed to design of SPF while marid-core
may list those who contributed to caller-id.

P.S. While the original thread started was more general question on
"How IETF treats contributors", this has now become a discussion that
is very particular to MARID WG documents. I think it might be appropriate 
that those wishing to participate and discuss futher what acknolidgement 
section of MARID drafts should say, should do it on MARID mail list, 
rather then on IETF general list, especially since only discussions there 
would count and we are already on the last week of "Last Call" on these 
drafts. Please see http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/marid-charter.html
for information on how to participate in this WG to discuss these documents.

I also would like to urge other IETF participants to look at some of the 
latest archives as we're discussing number of problems with these drafts 
and its important for WG chairs to hear from wide audience as to if we
should proceed considering how many problems have been found already.
Of great importance are also issues due to IPR claimed by Microsoft for 
something that many on the list said is obvious derivitive from RFC2822. 
Microsoft also provided license which is overly restrictive and would not 
allow to support new protocol by any software that is licensed under GNU 
or simular public source licenses and this has raised questions as to if 
we should proceed futher with these drafts considering possibility that 
protocol may not be adapted by large portion of internet community.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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Yes, they have the permission of the copyright holders, but they do not 
have a license from the (alleged) patent holder.   I don't think that 
the definition of "distribute" means any different in copyright law than 
in patent law.   If you distribute software that contains patented 
technology without a license, you are still running afoul of the law 
regardless of what the copyright holder says.


Ryan Malayter wrote:

>[Arnt Gulbrandsen]
>  
>
>>If you think offering software downloads to the general public isn't 
>>redistributing, I dare you to put your Windows CDs on your web site.
>>    
>>
>
>There's a big difference between the situations: Sourceforge is being
>used as a transmission agent by, and is authorized by, the copyright
>holders of the Sendmail software. If I posted my Windows CDs, I would be
>transmitting the software without MS's permission.
>
>I think the "courier" analogy I used before still applies.
>
>	-Ryan-
>
>
>  
>



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On Wednesday, September 01, 2004 at 12:54 AM, William(at)elan.net wrote:

> I recommend MARID chairs or authors of the drafts make an appropriate 
> changes to the Acknoledgement section of both core and protocol
drafts, 
> something like this (text mostly combination of what was in protocol
> and core acknoledgements sections):
> 
>    This design is based on earlier work published in 2003 in [RMX] and

>    [DMP] drafts (by Hadmut Danisch and Gordon Fecyk respectively). 
>    The idea of using a DNS record to check the legitimacy of an email 
>    address traces its ancestry to "Repudiating Mail-From" draft by
Paul 
>    Vixie [Vixie] (based on suggestion by Jim Miller) and to
>    "Domain-Authorized SMTP Mail" draft by David Green [Green] who
first 
>    introduced this idea on namedroppes maillist in 2002.
> 
> With references as follows:
>  [Green] http://www.atm.tut.fi/list-archive/namedroppers/msg01636.html
>  [Vixie] http://www.atm.tut.fi/list-archive/namedroppers/msg01638.html
> 
> And these acknolidgements should probably be the same for both 
> marid-protocol and marid-core drafts. Although protocol can list 
> additional people who contributed to design of SPF while marid-core
> may list those who contributed to caller-id.

I would be happy to do this in the next draft of -core.



-- Jim Lyon



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[Arnt Gulbrandsen]
>If you think offering software downloads to the general public isn't 
>redistributing, I dare you to put your Windows CDs on your web site.

There's a big difference between the situations: Sourceforge is being
used as a transmission agent by, and is authorized by, the copyright
holders of the Sendmail software. If I posted my Windows CDs, I would be
transmitting the software without MS's permission.

I think the "courier" analogy I used before still applies.

	-Ryan-



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Message-ID: <D96522A138F4D4479CB5F7F583B98F05832F07@df-chewy-msg.exchange.corp.microsoft.com>
Thread-Topic: Microsoft Claimed IP, License Terms, etc.
thread-index: AcSNtORlWqR12rmvR3q2CHnpOV54UgBJYRXA
From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: "Nick Shelness" <nick@old-mill.net>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On August 29, 2004 3:27 AM, Nick Shelness wrote:

> All,
> 
> I don't really want to enter this discussion, but I believe 
> it is necessary.
> 
> For those that don't know me, I'm the ex-CTO of Lotus (98-01) 
> and thus someone who professionally had to spend a great deal 
> of time (too much) worrying about IP issues, and consulting 
> with IP lawyers. I was also the source of a private 
> suggestion to Harry Katz that [E]SMTP be extended to identify 
> the email submitter as an alternative to mucking about with RFC
> [2]822 headers. At the time, Harry indicated that this idea 
> was new to him and Microsoft. I leave it to Harry to indicate 
> whether he has subsequently encountered a prior claim to this idea.

I agree with Nick's account of our conversation and his suggestion of an
ESMTP extension.  Around the same time (I can't remember the precise
chronological order) Pete Resnick suggested on this list that the
existing ORCPT parameter could be used in a similar way.  At the MARID
interim meeting in May at Qualcomm HQ in Campbell, CA, this idea was
discussed further and it was agreed that Eric Allman and I would
co-author an Internet Draft.  Thus was born the SUBMITTER extension.  

Nick and Pete are both named in the acknowledgements section of the
draft.  My thanks again to both of them.  



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Subject: RE: Sendmail releases open source Sender ID milter for testing
Date: Wed, 1 Sep 2004 09:55:52 -0700
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Thread-Topic: Sendmail releases open source Sender ID milter for testing
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From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: "Rand Wacker" <rand@sendmail.com>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Monday, August 30, 2004 11:42 PM, Rand Wacker wrote:

> As part of our broad-reaching effort to spur the testing and 
> eventual broad adoption of sender-based email authentication 
> to address fraud and spam in email, Sendmail, Inc. is 
> releasing an open source implementation of the IETF's Sender 
> ID specification for testing on the Internet.  

I want to congratulate Sendmail on the completion and release of their
Sender ID milter.  I think this is a great step forward!
 
I'd also like to address a number of points that have been made on this
thread and on others in recent days.
 
First, a reminder.  Answer 4 of the FAQ which I published to this list
on August 23 (available at
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03497.html) says:   
 
"At this time Microsoft is only aware of pending patent application
claims that cover its submission of the Sender ID specification.
Because Microsoft is not aware of any issued patent claims, Microsoft
does not require any one to sign a license with Microsoft to implement
the Sender ID specification or any part of it that is incorporated into
IETF working drafts.  In conformance with the IETF IPR policy Microsoft
has disclosed the existence of those pending patent claims and has
provided its assurance that if such claims are granted Microsoft will
make licenses available on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms.
Microsoft has also gone beyond the IETF's requirements by clarifying
that its licenses will requires no fees or other royalties, and further,
to make a license available to early adopters who wish at their option
to clarify their rights with Microsoft with respect to early
implementations. Typically patent holders do not make their license
terms available until after the standard has been adopted and until
after their patent claims have been granted, leaving early implementers
to speculate as to the ultimate terms of the license. "

Second as per the terms of the license itself, End Users who are
recipients of a licensed implementation of Sender ID and distributors
who are redistributing a branded licensed implementation do not need to
separately sign this License Agreement. 

Finally we have committed to a royalty free license.  That means
Microsoft will never charge a royalty or licensing fee to anyone using
the Sender ID necessary patent claims to implement the Sender ID
specification.



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Subject: RE: In favour of Sender ID (was: DEPLOY: SPF/Sender ID support in
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> Ahh. Yes, I missed that.  I think the GPL specifically answers this
> question:
> 
> http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html
> 
>  "Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by 
> software patents.
>   We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 
> program will
>   individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program
>   proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that 
> any patent must
>   be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all."

Sender-ID is licensed for everyone's free use and it is not 
necessary for individual users or distributors of the program
to obtain independent licenses.

It is very clear to me that the SenderID license is not a
genuine impediment here. The impediments are being created by
people who want to see them.



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In <D96522A138F4D4479CB5F7F583B98F05832EFB@df-chewy-msg.exchange.corp.microsoft.com> "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com> writes:

> I'd also like to address a number of points that have been made on this
> thread and on others in recent days.

Thank you for answering some of the questions.



> First, a reminder.  Answer 4 of the FAQ which I published to this list
> on August 23 (available at
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03497.html) says:   
>  
> [no license is required right now because no patent has been
>  granted]

True, but for all I know, MS has been granted a license 5 minutes
ago.  This is a time bomb.



> Second as per the terms of the license itself, End Users who are
> recipients of a licensed implementation of Sender ID and distributors
> who are redistributing a branded licensed implementation do not need to
> separately sign this License Agreement. 

If redistributing source does not need a license, why does the license
say "If you would like a license from Microsoft (e.g. rebrand,
redistribute), you need to contact Microsoft directly."?

>
> Finally we have committed to a royalty free license.  That means
> Microsoft will never charge a royalty or licensing fee to anyone using
> the Sender ID necessary patent claims to implement the Sender ID
> specification.

While MS will not charge a licensing fee, there are costs to obtaining
a license, both in terms of time and the money needed to send
certified letters and such.



-wayne



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On Wed, Sep 01, 2004 at 10:13:06AM -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> Sender-ID is licensed for everyone's free use and it is not 
> necessary for individual users or distributors of the program
> to obtain independent licenses.

The license claims to grant a "non-transferable, non-sublicenseable" right to
distribute source code copies of Licensed Implementations.  That strongly
implies, to me at least (IANAL), that distributors require their own licences.
Legal opinions provided on the list to date appear to agree. 

-- 
"Government big enough to supply everything you need is big enough to take
everything you have ... the course of history shows that as a government
grows, liberty decreases." -- Thomas Jefferson



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Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

>>Ahh. Yes, I missed that.  I think the GPL specifically answers this
>>question:
>>
>>http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html
>>
>> "Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by 
>>software patents.
>>  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 
>>program will
>>  individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program
>>  proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that 
>>any patent must
>>  be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all."
>>    
>>
>
>Sender-ID is licensed for everyone's free use and it is not 
>necessary for individual users or distributors of the program
>to obtain independent licenses.
>
>  
>
Royalty-free does not mean "free".   In exchange for one of these 
licenses, you give up significant rights.  

>It is very clear to me that the SenderID license is not a
>genuine impediment here. The impediments are being created by
>people who want to see them.
>
>
>  
>
Perhaps you haven't read Microsoft's updated Sender-ID license FAQ:

Q15: Is Microsoft s Royalty Free Sender ID Patent License compatible 
with the GPL?

A: Unlike other open source software licenses, the GPL includes a 
provision that appears to prohibit the distribution of code that is 
subject to patent licenses that are not sub-licensable and/or are 
limited for a particular purpose like implementing a specification. 
While almost all open source licenses require that the code be freely 
modifiable and redistributable with or without modification, only the 
GPL appears to expressly prohibit distribution of code if those 
requirements can not be satisfied. Microsoft's Royalty Free Sender ID 
Patent License Agreement does not prohibit the use of any open source 
license including the GPL. However, because the Royalty Free Sender ID 
Patent License Agreement is offered for implementation, distribution and 
use of the specification, Microsoft believes that the GPL would prohibit 
the distribution of this patented technology.


(Although I believe that use of this text falls under 'fair use', I may 
be in violation of Microsoft's copyrights by pasting this excerpt from 
their FAQ.   To mitigate my own and your liability, please snip this 
section from any replies)



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  1 14:38:29 2004
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On Wed, 2004-09-01 at 13:13, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

[snip]

> It is very clear to me that the SenderID license is not a
> genuine impediment here. The impediments are being created by
> people who want to see them.

  So because there are many people, include three attorneys, who
disagree with your interpretation, they just 'want to see them'?  In
other words, are you saying they are imagined impediments?
  I, for one, am getting a little tired of seeing posts like this that
basically accuse those opposed of this license of making things up.
--
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



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On Wed, 2004-09-01 at 12:55, Harry Katz wrote:

[snip]

> Second as per the terms of the license itself, End Users who are
> recipients of a licensed implementation of Sender ID and distributors
> who are redistributing a branded licensed implementation do not need to
> separately sign this License Agreement. 

  This *still* completely ignores the discussion on various threads on
this list that at least with respect to the GPL, and probably many other
FOSS licenses, the distinction between end users and intermediate
developers/re-distributors is non-existent.  Because of this, and
because the published patent license makes this distinction, it makes it
impossible for end users of GPL licensed MTAs that might implement
Sender-ID to exercise a freedom given to them by the GPL: to modify it
and redistribute without permission from a third party.

> Finally we have committed to a royalty free license.  That means
> Microsoft will never charge a royalty or licensing fee to anyone using
> the Sender ID necessary patent claims to implement the Sender ID
> specification.

  Most of the discussion has not been about fees, but about freedom
granted by various FOSS licenses being taken away by this patent
licenses.

--
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  1 14:43:35 2004
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Harry Katz wrote:
>  
> First, a reminder.  Answer 4 of the FAQ which I published to this list
> on August 23 (available at
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03497.html) says:   
>  
...

One more thing, Harry. The FAQ states that Microsoft is not aware of any 
opinions that Sender-ID license is not compatible with certain open 
source software. In light of the statements from FSF and OSI lawyers, 
that part of the FAQ needs to be updated.

Yakov



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On Wed, Sep 01, 2004 at 09:55:52AM -0700, Harry Katz wrote:
> Finally we have committed to a royalty free license.  That means
> Microsoft will never charge a royalty or licensing fee to anyone using
> the Sender ID necessary patent claims to implement the Sender ID
> specification.

Then why all the secrecy? Why the license? Why the frustration of the
process?? Frankly, this makes it a little hard to keep the illusion that
microsoft acts in good faith a little hard to keep up.

I'm sorry, but all this scares away a lot of people, even some who are
already rejecting anything remotely connected to senderid, such as spf.

Why not just make a license that says microsoft donates the patent
royalty free, which is signed once and for all by i don't know who can
make this legal and be done with it? Why insisting on a license that
needs signing by every little chain in the development/distributing
process??

Frankly, this whole ordeal disgusts me. I'm already pulling sendmail out
of production on all servers I maintain, because they so openly endorse 
this nail to the foundations of open source. 

Also, I will not contribute with code to spf anymore, since there is the
risk that microsoft will all of a sudden pop up with some patent and
demand me to sign some license. Leave it to microsoft to ruin a
perfectly simple, unencumbered, working protocol! Thanks guys!

Koen Martens

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



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On Wed, Sep 01, 2004 at 11:01:38AM -0700, Alan Hodgson wrote:
> On Wed, Sep 01, 2004 at 10:13:06AM -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> > Sender-ID is licensed for everyone's free use and it is not 
> > necessary for individual users or distributors of the program
> > to obtain independent licenses.
> 
> The license claims to grant a "non-transferable, non-sublicenseable" right to
> distribute source code copies of Licensed Implementations.  That strongly
> implies, to me at least (IANAL), that distributors require their own licences.
> Legal opinions provided on the list to date appear to agree. 

That is how I understand the license too. Sure, microsoft may not sue
just anybody who does not comply with their terms, but if they can for
their own benefit they will. If they can damage for example linux in
any way by misusing this patent ordeal, they will!

Please don't give me this 'assume all members of the list act in good
faith': microsoft is not even a member of this list. 

Really, i've had it with this workgroup. Despite a flood of messages
protesting against senderid both technically and on the matter of
licenses, the chairs keep pushing for senderid, which in my turn makes
me wonder who really runs this show: the ietf or microsoft.

And if you're not in favour of senderid, you are kindly asked to just
leave. Well, maybe that's what we all should do, that'll surely get
MARID adopted world-wide.

Good bye.

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



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Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
>>Ahh. Yes, I missed that.  I think the GPL specifically answers this
>>question:
>>
>>http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html
>>
>> "Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by 
>>software patents.
>>  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 
>>program will
>>  individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program
>>  proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that 
>>any patent must
>>  be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all."
> 
> 
> Sender-ID is licensed for everyone's free use and it is not 
> necessary for individual users or distributors of the program
> to obtain independent licenses.
> 

While that may be true, nevertheless several attorneys have stated that 
Sender-ID is not compatible with the GPL and other open source licenses. 
With all due respect, until I hear from another attorney otherwise, 
those opinions carry a lot of weight over others who are not attorneys 
including myself. Add to this the opinion of Microsoft lawyers as well. 
Perhaps Verisign's legal counsel disagrees and we'll be happy to hear 
his or her opinion, if you can obtain it for us.

In the context of this standard, once again the question is whether the 
IPR issue cause problems with deployment. Judging from announcements 
made by various companies in the last few days, it seems that the big 
boys have no problems with this. However, ISPs and domain owners are the 
ones who will be publishing these records, and it remains to be seen 
whether the IPR issue will delay their rollout. The very fact that 
people are confused about the license, already points to potential problems.

> It is very clear to me that the SenderID license is not a
> genuine impediment here. The impediments are being created by
> people who want to see them.
> 

In my personal opinion any IPR Microsoft may be claiming can only be 
based directly on ASRG discussions and other related mailing lists, as 
well as IETF drafts. I also agree with Hadmut that the PRA "agorithm" is 
too obvious and additionally, it looks very much like fetchmail's 
"algorithm".

Therefore, IMHO, this situtation is starting to smell just like the case 
of the IDN WG described in RFC 3669 - a company following progress of 
the working group (or in this case a research group) and then patenting 
ideas coming up in the discussion. In the case of IDN, the IPR claims 
were dismissed as worthless and the standard moved along. Whether this 
is a viable option for this WG, is something that remains to be seen.

<rant>
One thing that keeps bugging me is how hiddenly all of this came about. 
Phil, you of all people always made sure to include a disclaimer on any 
potential idea that Verisign might seek to patent coming out of ASRG 
discussions. Microsoft employees did not do that simple courtesy 
(whether Microsoft's lack of disclosure granted rights to the IETF is 
something I will leave to the lawyers). This creates a precedent and a 
chilling effect on the operation of the entire IETF community which *is 
not a good thing*. Should we now worry about every single potential 
patent that might be filed on our discussions just because some company 
decides to sic their lawyers on it?

I am not blaming any of the Microsoft employees that were involved in 
this. Quite the opposite, I am very impressed with what they have done 
for us and the steps they took. I would like to commend Bob, Harry, 
George, Jim and others for pushing this and agreeing to work within the 
IETF process when other options were available. Nevertheless, whoever is 
responsible for this IPR issue at Microsoft, perhaps the lawyers, should 
have told us earlier about this, and published the license long before 
the last call period started. It would have made things much easier for 
all parties involved.
</rant>

Yakov



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Subject: RE: Updated Sender-ID License Faq (was acceptable use)
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The issue here is whether it is possible to add Sender-ID technology
to a GPL licensed mailer and distribute the technology with the
mailer itself.

Let us for the sake of argument stipulate that there is a conflict,
that it is not possible to distribute the technology itself under
the GPL. My point is that the GPL does not prevent the distribution
of Sender-ID technology for GPL licensed mailers.


It is still possible to distribute the code under a separate OSS
license. Since most OSS mailers appear to already be taking the 
same approach with SSL (another patent encumbered technology) this
does not seem to be a big deal.

It is also possible for the copyright holder to vary the license.
VeriSign has distributed the same code under the GPL and a commercial
license for several years, there is nothing in the GPL to prohibit
this, the copyright was never transfered to the FSF. 

The terms of the license itself are only invariant if the code
distribution has forked so that there is a QMail type situation
where the party that holds the copyright is not the party wanting
to maintain the code.

What we have here is like someone claiming that the telephone
system discriminates against themselves because they have made a 
vow of silence. 


One of the reasons we chose making the CERN libwww code (the
basis for Mosaic) public domain, not GPL was because we thought 
GPL too restrictive.

It is rather ironic that the GPL seems to insist on patents being
put in the public domain in their entirety in order to allow the
distribution of copyright code. The GPL dates from an era when
code was expensive and there were few patent rights. The logical
approach for the GPL to take would be to treat patents in the
same way as code, with a viral poison pill defense. Instead the
demand is for unilateral disarmament.

I think that people are missing the real threat here. Let us 
assume that the precedent is set that absolutely no encumbered 
technology of any sort is going to be allowed in an IETF spec,
regardless of the license terms offered. It seems to me that 
this would provide a very effective way to shut down all 
future developoment of OSS, merely claiming to have applied
for a patent would be sufficient to stop any and every new
development. 

As the problem of patent trolls increases the chances of any new
technology being entirely unencumbered becomes vanishingly small.



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On Wed, Sep 01, 2004 at 01:12:01PM -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> 
> The issue here is whether it is possible to add Sender-ID technology
> to a GPL licensed mailer and distribute the technology with the
> mailer itself.
> 
> Let us for the sake of argument stipulate that there is a conflict,
> that it is not possible to distribute the technology itself under
> the GPL. My point is that the GPL does not prevent the distribution
> of Sender-ID technology for GPL licensed mailers.
>

I don't see how this solves the problem.  The problem is that the license
appears to prohibit source code redistribution.  This would affect all FOSS
products equally.

Yes, you can make a Sender-ID implementation available, but you can only
distribute it directly to end users.  It doesn't seem to matter what license
you put on it, so I don't see why the emphasis here is on the GPL.  Much of the
value of open source is the multitude of distributions, mirrors and sites like
Sourceforge that distribute the code to users.

So, while it is perfectly possible to do so, I believe this will unreasonably
inhibit adoption of the standard.   Sender-ID will likely not appear in open
source OS distributions.  Sender-ID will likely not appear in standard
distributions of MTA's and MUA's, Webmail systems, etc.  Even the Sendmail
statement said they'd have to make it available as a separate download.  Sure,
people who really want it might be able to get it, but that isn't going to
result in widespread adoption.  Without MTA adoption, the incentive to publish
is low.

I suggest, therefore, that with the current license requirements, that this
standard be rejected and a non-encumbered alternative be considered.

-- 
"You can only protect your liberties in this world by protecting the other
man's freedom. You can only be free if I am free." -- Clarence Darrow



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  1 18:02:46 2004
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Subject: DEPLOY: Significant Sender ID license issues at universities
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I am a professor at New York University, and also the author of an
open-source SMTP server called Mail Avenger.  I'd like Mail Avenger to
support whatever standard emerges from the MARID working group, and so
have looked into getting NYU to sign Microsoft's patent license
agreement.  In general, NYU has a pretty good history of supporting
open-source software--for example a lot of the early work on gcc2
happened here.  Thus, while different universities may react
differently to Microsoft's agreement, I would expect NYU to fall
towards the more accommodating end of the spectrum.

Because the agreement potentially gives Microsoft a license to NYU's
patents, it must be signed by our Office of Industrial Liaisons
(OIL)--what many universities call the "tech transfer office."  I
spoke with someone from the OIL today.  While we did not fully resolve
the issue, I did learn several interesting things.

First, while NYU has of course signed many different license
agreements in the past, there is no precedent for granting this kind
of blanket license to all applicable patents.  Thus, at the very
least, we're entering uncharted territory.

Second, the fact the license applies not just to Microsoft, but also
to all of Microsoft's licensees, is also unusual.

Third, the fact that paragraph 1.6 defines Necessary Claims as
applying to patents owned or controlled "at any future time"
significantly complicates matters.  It's one thing for NYU to take
stock of all current patents and applications and either decide they
don't apply or should be licensed to Microsoft and Microsoft's
licensees.  Committing to do so for future claims could, however,
affect researchers NYU hasn't even hired yet.

Given the unusual nature of the agreement and the unknown effect on
future hires, getting such a license executed would at the very least
require a "big push."  The agreement would also have to be vetted by
NYU's office of legal counsel.  My interpretation of our discussion is
the license terms created an uncomfortable and difficult situation,
and raised questions far broader than a single faculty member's
research.  Thus, because Sender ID has not been standardized yet, and
because I'm starting to think there are technically equivalent or
superior solutions that don't infringe on Microsoft's pending patents
(or at least on the subset of Microsoft's claims that they are
offering to license with this agreement), I did not deem it worth
pushing the matter further at this time.  (Also, because of the GPL
question and the extensible nature of Mail Avenger that easily allows
for non-compliant uses of the same technology, I'm not 100% sure I
could implement Sender ID anyway, so I didn't want to waste too many
people's time.)

If there are any other university faculty or staff members on the
list, would you be willing to inquire at your institutions to get a
sense of what it would take to execute Microsoft's Sender ID
agreement?  At this point, I'm guessing that, depending on the
university, the answer will lie somewhere between "major headache" and
impossible.

When evaluating the Sender ID proposal and licensing restrictions, I
would urge people to keep in mind just how much mail software has
originated from a university environment.  In particular, if you
simply counted the number of running MTAs in the world, I suspect
there are many more machines running sendmail--which originated from
Berkeley--than Microsoft exchange.  For that reason alone, I think it
would be bad to standardize on a technology that shuts out or vastly
complicates life for people releasing software at universities, unless
there is some truly compelling technical advantage to the proprietary
technology.

While I have seen several arguments for Sender ID on this list, none
has really made the case that it is a vastly superior technology.
Perhaps the best argument is that Microsoft will more likely adopt
Sender ID than an alternative technology.  While it would be great for
Microsoft to adopt whatever standard MARID produces, they will still
be free to do so even if the standard isn't covered by their patents.
Conversely, it may be much harder or impossible to produce
standards-compliant software at universities if doing so requires
executing Microsoft's agreement.  Also keep in mind that even for
sendmail, Sender ID will be an add-on package.  If it's not on by
default in all OS distributions, this will further reduce deployment.

Another argument for Sender ID is that it may be better for MUA
support.  Certainly Microsoft has a bigger share of the MUA market
than the MTA market.  There is also value in being able to show a
golden padlock or some similar icon by an email address in MUAs.
However, MUAs are not directly covered by the charter of the MARID
group.  (The "M", after all, stands for MTA...)  I also don't think
this is an issue if the MTA supports the standard--for instance
SPF-classic specifies a header that can contain information, like
mail-from address, that might otherwise not be available to the MUA.

Another argument for Sender ID is that sites won't implement SRS or
something equivalent required for SPF-classic.  However, first of all,
experience has shown that people are willing to implement SRS or
equivalent; a lot of forwarders have already stopped "forging"
mail-from addresses.  Second, independent of Sender ID, it's fairly
clear from list discussions that there is a serious need to block
mail-from forgery because of joe jobs, viruses, and possibly even
questions of legal liability.  Whether efforts to do so are officially
blessed by some future IETF standard, or else take the form of
SPF-classic becoming a de-facto standard, or worse take the form of
hard-coded ad-hoc rules for high-profile domains in people's spam
filters, the fact is that one way or another people who routinely
forge mail-from addresses are going to have reliability problems if
they don't already.

Yet another argument for Sender ID is that Microsoft's patents may
cover more than just core and PRA, or that somebody else's patents may
cover other technology.  However, the scope of Microsoft's license is
clearly restricted to core and PRA.  Thus, adopting Sender ID as a
standard does not help people if Microsoft's patent claims somehow
cover, say, the SPF record format.  It's also doubtful that
Microsoft's agreement would offer much protection against third party
patent claims.  After all, why would someone intent on enforcing a
patent claim covering the MARID standard even execute Microsoft's
agreement in the first place?

On top of that, it seems that the non-infringing SPF-classic offers
better protection against viruses and joe jobs, and has already
enjoyed small-scale but successful implementation and deployment.

Doing the cost-benefit analysis, it's hard to support adopting Sender
ID unless there is some compelling technical advantage to the
technology.  In discussions, I've seen vague references to banks and
third party mailers, but no concrete scenarios for which Sender ID is
really necessary.  For example, in this previous message:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03912.html

I explore an example with a bank and third-party sender and find
roughly equivalent solutions with both SPF-classic and Sender ID.
Before standardizing the infringing technology, can people come up
with compelling scenarios that really require Sender ID?  Moreover,
can we convince ourselves that these scenarios couldn't also be
satisfied through small, non-infringing enhancements to one of the
other proposals?

David



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Subject: DEPLOY: A personal take on the IPR topic
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As the chairs have asked for information about personal deployment, I 
wanted to share my view on the topic of IPR:

In light of the license terms, I will not be coding any implementation 
of the portions of SenderID that are covered by the IPR claim.

I do not come to this conclusion lightly, or happily.  It took quite 
some time to read and digest the Microsoft IPR license, and to consider 
the review by open source lawyers that I respect (specifically Larry 
Rosen and Eben Moglen).

All my computer work these days is for free.  And, as I don't work on 
mail code that will have direct end-users, all my work in this area is 
for inclusion in yet other projects.  Hence, anything I wrote for 
SenderID would require a new license by anyone who choose to 
incorporate my work.  I do not wish to encumber my work this way.

I do support SenderID, and hope the current set of drafts (or something 
close) will be promoted by this working group.  I am also glad that 
others will undertake to write free software (in the general sense) 
that will implement it within the bounds of the license.  I will, as an 
end-user, run such software on my servers.

I will continue to work on the protocol aspects of SenderID, since 
these are not covered by the IPR.  I will continue to edit the draft as 
co-author, and will continue work on various implementations of it 
(such as record parsers and generators.)

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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On Wed, 1 Sep 2004 09:55:52 -0700, Harry Katz
<hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com> wrote:
> 
> Second as per the terms of the license itself, End Users who are
> recipients of a licensed implementation of Sender ID and distributors
> who are redistributing a branded licensed implementation do not need to
> separately sign this License Agreement.

I understand your the point about End Users, but could you clarify how
the license exempts distributors?  Specifically, my concern is that
while section 2.1 allows indirect distribution of object code, section
2.2, which applies to source code, does not.

David



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On Wed, 2004-09-01 at 16:12, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> The issue here is whether it is possible to add Sender-ID technology
> to a GPL licensed mailer and distribute the technology with the
> mailer itself.

  It is more than that.  I bring up the GPL more than anything else
because it is the license I know best.  As others have pointed out, the
GPL is not the only license with which this patent license is
incompatible.

> Let us for the sake of argument stipulate that there is a conflict,
> that it is not possible to distribute the technology itself under
> the GPL.

  It is much more than 'for the sake of argument'.  You are implying
what you have asserted elsewhere: that they are not incompatible.  Yet
you have only asserted it and have not successfully countered what three
lawyers have said and zero lawyers have countered: that the patent
license is not only incompatible with the GPL, but many, if not all
other FOSS licenses.

>  My point is that the GPL does not prevent the distribution
> of Sender-ID technology for GPL licensed mailers.

  Like others before you, you are forgetting about aggregations.  This
patent license does not meet the standards for distribution with Red
Hat's Fedora Core, or Debian GNU/Linux and no software encumbered by it
can be (re)distributed with either collection, and I'm sure many others.

> It is still possible to distribute the code under a separate OSS
> license. Since most OSS mailers appear to already be taking the 
> same approach with SSL (another patent encumbered technology) this
> does not seem to be a big deal.

  I am not aware of what patents cover SSL, but your argument is
incomplete without a description of the license terms.  This is, I fully
acknowledge, something I am not too familiar with and intend to read up
on, especially since there is a work in progress library (gnutls) that
is intended to replace openssl, if I'm not mistaken.
  I hope you are not referring to the RSA patent, as I'm sure you are
aware that it is expired.  The RSA patent is also a prime example of how
a patent demonstrably *hindered* adoption.  FOSS operating system
vendors began including the algorithms soon after the patent expired. 
Yes, US export laws hindered it as well, but the patent clearly had a
negative effect.

> It is also possible for the copyright holder to vary the license.
> VeriSign has distributed the same code under the GPL and a commercial
> license for several years, there is nothing in the GPL to prohibit
> this, the copyright was never transfered to the FSF. 

  What code are you talking about?  Was any of the technology covered by
patents?  Were they Verisign's own patents?  If they were Verisign's own
patents, then how is this argument relevant?
  In this case, all you are saying is that Microsoft is allowed to
distribute a GPLed implementation of the patented technology.  With the
current licenses, this would make no sense, i.e.: You can modify the
code and redistribute without permission (pursuant to the GPL) but you
can't modify the code and redistribute without a separate license from
Microsoft (pursuant to the patent license).
  And Microsoft GPLing the code would not allow the restriction to 'only
what is necessary to implement Sender-ID'.  By the time they were done
with all the legalese, it would be clear that using the GPL would only
be for show as there would be so many contradictions that it would
essentially NOT be GPLed.

> The terms of the license itself are only invariant if the code
> distribution has forked so that there is a QMail type situation
> where the party that holds the copyright is not the party wanting
> to maintain the code.

  If I'm understanding the above, then there are several thousand
packages that fit this description within Debian, Fedora Core, Mandrake
SUSE Linux, and others, because of the simple fact that a good
percentage of packages are patched by distributors.

> What we have here is like someone claiming that the telephone
> system discriminates against themselves because they have made a 
> vow of silence. 

  I don't follow this logic, though it's probably not relevant.

> One of the reasons we chose making the CERN libwww code (the
> basis for Mosaic) public domain, not GPL was because we thought 
> GPL too restrictive.

  This adds nothing to your argument.  No one is asking that anyone GPL
anything.  Only that those of us you choose the GPL license to license
our own, copyrighted code are allowed to continue to do so if we
implement Sender-ID.  The current patent license does not allow this, as
three attorneys so far have stated.

> It is rather ironic that the GPL seems to insist on patents being
> put in the public domain in their entirety in order to allow the
> distribution of copyright code. The GPL dates from an era when
> code was expensive and there were few patent rights. The logical
> approach for the GPL to take would be to treat patents in the
> same way as code, with a viral poison pill defense. Instead the
> demand is for unilateral disarmament.

  Well, if we are to assume you are correct in your analysis above,
considering that those who wield the arms (software patents) are almost
universally those with the deep pockets to carry out the litigation,
then I wouldn't call that an unreasonable demand at all.  But again,
that doesn't really add much to this discussion.

> I think that people are missing the real threat here. Let us 
> assume that the precedent is set that absolutely no encumbered 
> technology of any sort is going to be allowed in an IETF spec,
> regardless of the license terms offered. It seems to me that 
> this would provide a very effective way to shut down all 
> future developoment of OSS, merely claiming to have applied
> for a patent would be sufficient to stop any and every new
> development. 

  Have you considered that this may have the opposite effect?  Namely
that if that precedent were set, perhaps the people that matter
(legislators, judges, the USPTO, voters) would wake up and see just how
much harm software patents cause?
  Personally, I think this distracts from the matter at hand: should
MARID approve a standard that is encumbered in such a way as to
ghetto-ize several MTAs.  My recommendation is an emphatic "NO."

> As the problem of patent trolls increases the chances of any new
> technology being entirely unencumbered becomes vanishingly small.

  Agreed.  But that is a battle for another forum.  It does not bolster
your argument in any way I can see.

-- 
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



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From: Jonathan Gardner <jonagard@amazon.com>
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Motion to abandon Sender ID
Date: Wed, 1 Sep 2004 15:31:36 -0700
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

I will argue here for abandoning Sender ID. I make some assumptions which 
could be refuted, but I believe that they are correct based on my 
experience. I encourage those who respond negatively to attack the 
particular points I am making and refute the facts I claim.

We already agree to the fact that most Open Source licenses, especially the 
GPL, are not compatible with the terms of the Sender ID license. However, 
additional software could be downloaded and installed on existing platforms 
to run with software that is licensed under incompatible terms. For 
instance, a sendmail milter, or a perl script to filter all mail, or any 
number of possibilities.

I would like to inform the chairs that the distribution of the technology in 
Linux and BSD distributions is critical for the widespread adoption of the 
technology among the open source community. Most people who use Linux or 
BSD do not add software to their installation. They expect everything to be 
tightly integrated together within the distribution. When software is 
released as part of the distribution, it shows that a certain amount of 
testing and work has gone into making it a part of the distribution. Adding 
additional software to an installation generally brings instability and 
requires additional resources. This is why people generally don't install 
additional software to their installation. Experience within the community 
shows that software that is not part of the major distributions is not 
considered standard, supporting this claim. Therefore, I claim it as a fact 
that software that is not distributed as part of the major distributions is 
not standard, and can never be a standard unless it finds a way to be 
included within the major distributions.

If Sender ID technology cannot be distributed under the same terms by which 
most Linux and BSD distributions are distributed, then to include it the 
terms of the distributions must be modified. I don't believe it will be 
possible to convince the major Linux and BSD distributors to comply with 
Microsoft's Sender ID License in order to integrate the Sender ID 
technology in the distribution. I claim it as a fact that the Linux and BSD 
distributors will not modify their distribution terms to satisfy the Sender 
ID license.

Therefore, since the terms of the license prevent it from being distributed 
under the terms of most Linux and BSD distributions, combined with the fact 
that changing the terms of distribution will not be possible, and combined 
with the fact that generally people don't include software on their 
machines that are not part of the distribution, the logical conclusion is 
that Sender ID will not be adopted as a standard by the open source 
community.

In short, Microsoft's License for patent claims made on Sender ID prevent it 
from being a standard in the open source sommunity.

Can we recommend a standard we know will not be a standard in the open 
source community? Open source software dominates the internet landscape, 
especially in the MTA realm. If the proposal cannot become a standard in 
the open source community, can it be a standard in the community as a 
whole? It cannot. Our efforts will be in vain unless we propose a standard 
that can be adopted by the open source community.

If Microsoft would like to propose a different license, or surrender their 
claims to unspecified IP in Sender ID, then I believe that Sender ID could 
become a standard in the open source community. However, Microsoft has very 
little time to propose a new license, and judging by past experience with 
their legal department, I don't think they will be able to do so within a 
reasonable time frame. Perhaps Microsoft will immediately surrender their 
patent claims, but I doubt that.

Therefore, I move that Sender ID be removed from the MARID recommendations 
because it can never be a standard in the open source community due to its 
licensing terms and the uncertainty of pending patent claims. In its place, 
we should recommend SPF version 1, or SPF "classic", as currently adopted 
and implemented by over 70,000 recorded domains.

- -- 
Jonathan M. Gardner
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Alan Hodgson wrote:
> I suggest, therefore, that with the current license requirements, that this
> standard be rejected and a non-encumbered alternative be considered.
> 

Keep in mind that there is at least another alternative: ignore the IPR 
claims as irrelevant and frivilous, and go ahead with the standard 
anyway like the example given in RFC 3669.

Yakov



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Jonathan Gardner wrote:
> 
> Therefore, I move that Sender ID be removed from the MARID recommendations 
> because it can never be a standard in the open source community due to its 
> licensing terms and the uncertainty of pending patent claims. In its place, 
> we should recommend SPF version 1, or SPF "classic", as currently adopted 
> and implemented by over 70,000 recorded domains.
> 

A few comments. First of all, we do not know whether the IPR claims 
extend to SPF classic or not. While the IPR disclosure does not mention 
the SPF draft, I have contacted Microsoft's legal department several 
times in the past 9 months to obtain a clear answer as to whether all of 
the drafts produced in the ASRG as input to MARID including RMX, SPF and 
others, are in fact covered or not covered. To date, I have not received 
an answer, and we have not heard directly from the legal department. 
However, it does happen often that IPR claims are submitted even after 
the standard is published as mentioned in RFC 3669, so SPF classic might 
not be any better than Sender-ID. Here is a copy of the email I sent and 
a reply I received:

> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: RE: Caller ID license
> Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 15:58:00 -0800
> From: Dawna Hoerle (LCA)
> To: Yakov Shafranovich
> CC: Microsoft Standards Inquiries <stdsreq@microsoft.com>
> 
>  
> Thank you for your inquiry. I will route your request to the appropriate
> persons, who will respond to you as quickly as possible. 
> 
> Dawna
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich 
> Sent: Monday, March 01, 2004 2:27 PM
> To: Microsoft Standards Inquiries
> Subject: Caller ID license
> 
> I co-chair the Anti-Spam Research Group (ASRG) of the IRTF
> (www.irtf.org/asrg/). My question is regarding the Caller ID proposal
> that Microsoft has recently published (www.microsoft.com/spam/). I want
> to know whether you are going to be claiming similar IP claims on the
> following IETF drafts:
> 
>     MTAMARK - draft-stumpf-dns-mtamark-01.txt
>     DRIP - draft-brand-drip-02.txt
>     RMX - draft-danisch-dns-rr-smtp-03.txt
>     DMP - draft-fecyk-dmp-01.txt
>     SPF - draft-mengwong-spf-00.txt
>     FSV - draft-levine-fsv-00.txt
> 
> Yakov

Second point - at this time Microsoft has no patent or any other IP 
relevant to this and is not forcing anyone to take out a license. 
Therefore, no license is required as of today. We are talking about a 
*possible* patent that *may be* approved in the future. As Microsoft 
states in their FAQ:

> Q4: When do you need to execute a license with Microsoft?
> A: At this time Microsoft is only aware of pending patent application claims that cover its
> submission of the Sender ID specification. Because Microsoft is not aware of any issued patent
> claims, Microsoft does not require any one to sign a license with Microsoft to implement the
> Sender ID specification or any part of it that is incorporated into IETF working drafts.

Third point - as others and I posted before, there is serious doubt as 
to whether this patent is actually valid or enforceble in light of 
possible prior art. As of today, this technology is not encumbered by 
any patents and may stay that away if the patent application is not 
approved. Additionally, it is feasible that at least some of the claims 
if not all are deriving from the discussions in the ASRG and other 
groups, and therefore may be complete frivilous. The IDN WG faced that 
situation before as described in RFC 3669 and chose to ignore the claims.

Yakov



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On Wed, 01 Sep 2004 19:28:32 -0400, Yakov Shafranovich
<research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
> 
> A few comments. First of all, we do not know whether the IPR claims
> extend to SPF classic or not.

You are correct that we don't know whether SPF or SPF2 is covered by
pending patent claims from Microsoft.  However, we *do* know that any
such claims are *not* covered by Microsoft's license agreement.  Thus,
even if we were to adopt Sender ID as the standard, should Microsoft
subsequently be granted a patent covering the SPF2 record format, it
would no longer be possible to deploy Sender ID without a new license
from Microsoft.

If, at this point, sender ID were derailed by a patent from Microsoft
over SPF, I think this would pretty clearly demonstrate bad faith on
Microsoft's part.  Since we have been instructed to assume good faith
on the part of all parties, I think this means operating under the
assumption that:

1) The pending patent rights granted by Microsoft's Sender ID
agreement are sufficient to deploy Sender ID (at least for the subset
of software authors who find the conditions of the agreement
acceptable), and therefore

2) Microsoft does not have any pending claims over the SPF record format.

So yes, anybody, even Microsoft, might have patent claims that might
prohibit just about any recommendation of the MARID working group. 
But we still have to make progress, and the best we can do is deal
with the most likely scenario, which is that Microsoft probably has
applied for patents, that the patents probably cover the portions of
Sender ID they have offered to license--namely the pra and or core
documents--and finally that until we have more information, none of
the MARID proposals is any more or less likely to be affected by
third-party patent holders.

David



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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

All: at present it appears to me that we are being forced by the
Microsoft license to leave Sender-ID behind. If we do not we will cause
implementation problems for a huge community of people running OSS MTA's
(the majority of internet MTA's in fact). This means that this working
group has a clear decision to make. Do we continue to press on with
Sender-ID and cause this problem or do we choose SPF-Classic and move
forward with it. In my own mind the choice is clear and I strongly urge
the group to support SPF-Classic and put this forward as our standard.

- --
csm@moongroup.com, head geek
http://moongroup.com
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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> I will argue here for abandoning Sender ID. I make some assumptions which 
> could be refuted, but I believe that they are correct based on my 
> experience. I encourage those who respond negatively to attack the 
> particular points I am making and refute the facts I claim.

I second Mr. Gardner's motion.                     -- George Mitchell



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In <413653DC.20609@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> Alan Hodgson wrote:
>> I suggest, therefore, that with the current license requirements, that this
>> standard be rejected and a non-encumbered alternative be considered.
>
> Keep in mind that there is at least another alternative: ignore the
> IPR claims as irrelevant and frivilous, and go ahead with the standard
> anyway like the example given in RFC 3669.

Thanks to your (Yakov's) fine efforts, it does appear that the MS is
likely to be worse than the typical patent-the-obvious type patent,
but is much closer to what PHB calls a patent troll.  They may well
have taken ideas discussed in the ASRG and, after the fact and without
telling anyone, patented them.

The problem is that even if Microsoft is being a patent troll, they
would be a patent troll with very deep pockets.  If they chose to sue
for ignoring "their" IPR, they could bankrupt even medium to large
companies with lawyer fees.  A cease and desist from a tiny patent
troll may well be ignored by most open source mirror sites, but I
doubt that it would be ignored if it came from MS.


-wayne




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In <C6127CFF-FC5F-11D8-BB96-000393A56BB6@glyphic.com> Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> writes:

> As the chairs have asked for information about personal deployment, I
> wanted to share my view on the topic of IPR:
>
> In light of the license terms, I will not be coding any implementation
> of the portions of SenderID that are covered by the IPR claim.


I will add my own personal deployment take.


I am the co-author of one of the most widely used SPF implementations.
Since I wrote the implementation in order to help out with the
spam/forgery problem, it is important to me to have this
implementation distributed far and wide.  It is also important for me
to run my own code.

I do not believe that the current SenderID license will be accepted by
most Linux and *BSD distributions and code requiring that license
would be excluding from those distributions.   A great deal of work
has been done by others to get this SPF implementation into various
distributions and patches written for most MTAs.

It I believe that it would therefore be counter productive to develope
or deploy SenderID.  I believe that this will likely slow the
deployment by many others.



-wayne




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References: <200409011531.38815.jonagard@amazon.com>
	<41365B20.8080204@solidmatrix.com>
From: wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com>
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Date: Wed, 01 Sep 2004 21:13:57 -0500
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In <41365B20.8080204@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> Second point - at this time Microsoft has no patent or any other IP
> relevant to this and is not forcing anyone to take out a
> license. Therefore, no license is required as of today. We are talking
> about a *possible* patent that *may be* approved in the future. As
> Microsoft states in their FAQ:

This just makes the SenderID license requirement a time bomb waiting
to go off.  For all I know, the patent was granted 5 minutes ago.


(I would address the other things that Yakov said, but
mazieres@gmail.com did a great job already.)


-wayne



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> > Second point - at this time Microsoft has no patent or any other IP
> > relevant to this and is not forcing anyone to take out a
> > license. Therefore, no license is required as of today. We are talking
> > about a *possible* patent that *may be* approved in the future. As
> > Microsoft states in their FAQ:

> This just makes the SenderID license requirement a time bomb waiting
> to go off.  For all I know, the patent was granted 5 minutes ago.

But the worst case is that you'd then need to fax in the license.  I'd bet
MSFT would be willing to allow software containing it to be distributed as
long as those who deploy it get a license.  And what would MSFT really do if
you didn't get a license?  I mean, would they really prosecute a user of an
international standard over IP that they freely give away to anybody who
sends in a fax (or I'd bet even signing online would be offered soon
enough) -- with the IP implemented in many SenderID implementations?

But there's also a chance that the IP claimed won't be patented for a long
time, if at all.

Harry



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Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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Jonathan M. Gardner wrote:
>Therefore, I move that Sender ID be removed from the MARID recommendations
>because it can never be a standard in the open source community due to its
>licensing terms and the uncertainty of pending patent claims. In its place,
>we should recommend SPF version 1, or SPF "classic", as currently adopted
>and implemented by over 70,000 recorded domains.

George Mitchell wrote:
>I second Mr. Gardner's motion.                     -- George Mitchell

I third Jonathan Gardner's motion. Not just because of Sender ID's license
and patent problems, but also due to Sender ID's various forged DSN
injection security problems. SPF "classic" (AFAIK) has none of these
problems, has had much greater testing and experimentation, and has several
working MTA implementations.

Michael R. Brumm



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Subject: RE: DEPLOY:  Resolving IPR issues
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I am hoping for a breakthrough here. Attached a copy of my email
to Bill Gates - I suggest similar emails to senior executives at
Microsoft might be useful, especially if you have personal
contacts, because I feel sure we are dealing with bureaucratic
defensive legal tendencies here rather than managerial policy
decisions. That might be able to be reversed.

My email said basically

"Bill,

The adoption of Sender-ID seems under threat at IETF because of a
defensive patent/licensing condition Microsoft's legal people
seem intent on pushing.

The patent claim appears to be scant in any case because of prior
art. I believe that it might be time for a policy decision to be
taken to override this - that Microsoft intends to drop any legal
rights it might have in this case to co-operate with the rest of
the Internet community in fighting spam. That sounds like good
public relations to me and I believe Microsoft stands to gain
rather than lose by not imposing license conditions which are
seen as threatening by many in the open source community. 

Your Harry Katz and Jim Lyons and others have done great work in
co-operating with the rest of the community to bring out a
suitable standard. It would be a pity if any of this effort to
deal with the most significant problem facing email users was at
all undermined by your standard legal procedures. I think 5
minutes of your time could yield enormous benefits here."



Ian Peter
Senior Partner
Ian Peter and Associates Pty Ltd
P.O. Box 10670 Adelaide St
Brisbane 4000 Australia
Tel (617) 3870 1181
Mobile (614) 1966 7772
www.ianpeter.com
www.nethistory.info
www.theinternettapes.com (check out the new Internet history
Audio CD and Ebook at this site)




 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org 
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of wayne
> Sent: Thursday, 2 September 2004 11:45 AM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: Re: DEPLOY: A personal take on the IPR topic
> 
> 
> In <C6127CFF-FC5F-11D8-BB96-000393A56BB6@glyphic.com> Mark 
> Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> writes:
> 
> > As the chairs have asked for information about personal 
> deployment, I 
> > wanted to share my view on the topic of IPR:
> >
> > In light of the license terms, I will not be coding any 
> implementation 
> > of the portions of SenderID that are covered by the IPR
claim.
> 
> 
> I will add my own personal deployment take.
> 
> 
> I am the co-author of one of the most widely used SPF
implementations.
> Since I wrote the implementation in order to help out with 
> the spam/forgery problem, it is important to me to have this 
> implementation distributed far and wide.  It is also 
> important for me to run my own code.
> 
> I do not believe that the current SenderID license will be 
> accepted by most Linux and *BSD distributions and code 
> requiring that license
> would be excluding from those distributions.   A great deal of
work
> has been done by others to get this SPF implementation into 
> various distributions and patches written for most MTAs.
> 
> It I believe that it would therefore be counter productive to 
> develope or deploy SenderID.  I believe that this will likely 
> slow the deployment by many others.
> 
> 
> 
> -wayne
> 
> 
> 




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                                          On Wed, 01 Sep 2004 20:33:42
-0400, Chuck Mead <csm@moongroup.com> wrote:
> 
> In my own mind the choice is clear and I strongly urge
> the group to support SPF-Classic and put this forward as our standard.

At this point, I'm inclined agree with you.  The Sender ID license is
definitely going to cause a lot of headaches (as I found out today
when inquiring about executing the license at my university).  Those
headaches have to be weighed against the benefit gained from Sender ID
over other alternatives.

From my point of view, the cost-benefit analysis does not favor Sender
ID.  Of course, I'm biased by the fact that pending patent claims may
adversely affect my own software by preventing me from complying with
a Sender ID standard.  I appreciate the fact that other people have
pretty different perspectives.  However, even leaving aside the highly
contentious issue of how "bad" the license terms are, I still see two
possible arguments for adopting something like SPF-classic.

First, I have not yet seen a convincing usage scenario that truly
requires Sender ID.  For every Sender ID usage scenario I can think of
(e.g., bank bulk mailing statements through a third party), something
equivalent can be achieved with an SPF-classic deployment, though
there would be slight differences.  If, in fact, SPF-classic is
sufficient for all usage scenarios (and that's a big if), then it
certainly makes sense to go with a standard that has fewer known IPR
issues.  (Any surprise patent covering SPF-classic would also very
likely cover Sender ID, so in that sense the two are equally
vulnerable to unknown IPR issues.)

Conversely, even if Sender ID were adopted, I think from discussions
here that something like SPF-classic would still be needed to thwart
viruses and joe jobs, as well as possibly to shift liability more
squarely onto "bad guys".  [I'm sure that as soon as Sender ID is
deployed, viruses will start including "Resent-Sender: virus@com" or
equivalent headers to avoid Failing Sender ID tests.]  Thus, adopting
SPF-classic now, particularly with its deployment momentum already
gaining, would be an entirely good thing.  Even if a year later we
also want to standardize Sender ID, the SPF-classic effort will
definitely not have been a waste.

I am, of course, still open to hearing about a "killer" Sender ID
application that really requires Sender ID.

David



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I just finished reading a reasonably significant portion of the relevant comments in the ietf-mxcomp archives:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/threads.html

IMHO, the two "successful" arguments for continuing with SenderID that must be refuted are:

1. Companies of importance, e.g. AOL, will have no problem with the SenderID license.

2. Anti-forgery with SenderID will gain adoption much faster with Microsoft's influence and help.

IMHO, the rest of the arguments for SenderID were already reasonably refuted.

Here is my opinion on how to refute these:

1. A standard should be implementable by all, or at least most.  Even though for example AOL claims they can implement as a receiver without IPR problems, they and we all should IMHO also be concerned about implementation of other receivers, because AOL and all of us are also a senders of e-mail.

2. But under Microsoft's control with the added leverage of being endorsed as public standard, which is IMHO not the spirit of internet standards.  In general I think it is not wise, nor consistent with the RFCs under which IETF supposedly operates, to create "internet standards" which give leverage to one competitor over **ALL** others, by "standardizing" on one competitor's license.  The larger question though is the greater good helped more than hurt?  IMHO, anti-forgery (especially per-domain anti-forgery) is not a complete solution to spam, and thus doing any action that would could stifle the diversity of competition in anti-spam, is very dangerous to the greater good.

AccuSpam is an example of a anti-spam receiver which may not be able to implement SenderID if it requires signing a license with Microsoft, because it is possible that Microsoft may one day view AccuSpam as a competitor to some anti-spam product from Microsoft and AccuSpam might not want to give Microsoft the leverage of an executed license.

Regards,
Shelby Moore




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From: "Mark C. Langston" <mark@bitshift.org>
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Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
Message-ID: <20040902044058.GB659@bitshift.org>
References: <200409011531.38815.jonagard@amazon.com> <41365B20.8080204@solidmatrix.com> <x4llftwh7e.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
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On Wed, Sep 01, 2004 at 09:13:57PM -0500, wayne wrote:
> 
> In <41365B20.8080204@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
> 
> > Second point - at this time Microsoft has no patent or any other IP
> > relevant to this and is not forcing anyone to take out a
> > license. Therefore, no license is required as of today. We are talking
> > about a *possible* patent that *may be* approved in the future. As
> > Microsoft states in their FAQ:
> 
> This just makes the SenderID license requirement a time bomb waiting
> to go off.  For all I know, the patent was granted 5 minutes ago.
> 


it won't make any difference, but I had dinner tonight with a friend of
mine who's a partner in a fairly substantial and rather well-known IP
law firm.  I described the current situation to her, and the terms of
the MS license.  Granted, she hasn't read the actual license terms (I'm
going to send them to her later this evening), but she stated that,
given the circumstances of the license and the undisclosed claims, she
would advise against going forward with Sender ID.  Her wording was a
bit stronger than "advise against".


-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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This may be naive in terms of the workings of the group, and 
protocol...but rather than abandon Sender I.D., why not contact MS and 
explain to them the concerns, and let them clarify?  Ask them to put in 
writing explicitly what their patent covers with respect to the items 
of concern (or, conversely, to put in writing expressly those things 
which the patent is warranted to *not* cover), and ask them to further 
rewrite the license to address and clarify those areas of concern as 
well?

They have obviously put a lot of time and effort in to this, and while 
I absolutely agree there are problems with things as they stand today, 
and fully expect MS, as any other company, to cover their investments 
and their asterisks, in any negotiation, and at this point this is what 
it is, it makes sense to say to them "here are the problems which keep 
it from moving forward - will you address those problems, or do we need 
to abandon it and move on?"

Yes, I said I didn't understand why we were looking at this *given the 
problems* when we had SPF which had no such problems, but now it's not 
clear to me whether they have been given an opportunity to rectify 
these problems; have they?

Anne

Anne P. Mitchell, Esq.
President/CEO
Institute for Spam and Internet Public Policy
Professor of Law, Lincoln Law School of SJ



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Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 07:37:09 +0200 (CEST)
Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Jonathan Gardner a écrit :
>
> Therefore, I move that Sender ID be removed from the MARID
> recommendations because it can never be a standard in the open source
> community due to its licensing terms and the uncertainty of pending
> patent claims. In its place, we should recommend SPF version 1, or SPF
> "classic", as currently adopted and implemented by over 70,000 recorded
> domains.

I strongly support this motion.

- -- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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chronophage : qui vous bouffe du temps 



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> This may be naive in terms of the workings of the group,
> and protocol...but rather than abandon Sender I.D., why
> not contact MS and  explain to them the concerns, and
> let them clarify?

I believe it is not in their best interest to do so or Harry and crew would
have released those clarifications by this time.

Knowing the GPL is designed exactly to counter the kinds of practices
Microsoft, Oracle and other [pure or mostly] software companies routinely
use, we should expect any Sender ID license will never be GPL compatible.
It's not going to happen.

The GPL is not the only open source license that Sender ID's terms run afoul
of, if I read the noise in MARID correctly.

And apparently some prior works, including the input documents for this
working group, could be subject to patents applied for.  That includes the
original SPF.

I see another Rambus in the making here, exactly the same concern I brought
up with the BOF chairs back at IETF 59, where I was assured the IETF didn't
tolerate such behaviour.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:
> 
>>
>>
>> This may be naive in terms of the workings of the group, and 
>> protocol...but rather than abandon Sender I.D., why not contact MS and 
>> explain to them the concerns, and let them clarify?  Ask them to put 
>> in writing explicitly what their patent covers with respect to the 
>> items of concern (or, conversely, to put in writing expressly those 
>> things which the patent is warranted to *not* cover), and ask them to 
>> further rewrite the license to address and clarify those areas of 
>> concern as well?
>>
>> They have obviously put a lot of time and effort in to this, and while 
>> I absolutely agree there are problems with things as they stand today, 
>> and fully expect MS, as any other company, to cover their investments 
>> and their asterisks, in any negotiation, and at this point this is 
>> what it is, it makes sense to say to them "here are the problems which 
>> keep it from moving forward - will you address those problems, or do 
>> we need to abandon it and move on?"
>>
> 
> I agree with Anne here - I want to do the same. If we can resolve these 
> issues and move forward, it would be very helpful.
> 

On a followup note, I sincerely hope that this quote is NOT entirely 
true (http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1759,1639576,00.asp):

"Allman also isn't optimistic about Microsoft making Sender ID 
open-source friendly. "It's pretty clear that it's going to take an act 
of whatever deity Microsoft worships in order to get them to back down 
on the sublicensing issue. They made it absolutely clear to us that they 
were not even going to consider changing this, and the legal folks made 
it further clear that they would rather see Sender ID die than back down."

Yakov



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Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:
> 
> 
> This may be naive in terms of the workings of the group, and 
> protocol...but rather than abandon Sender I.D., why not contact MS and 
> explain to them the concerns, and let them clarify?  Ask them to put in 
> writing explicitly what their patent covers with respect to the items of 
> concern (or, conversely, to put in writing expressly those things which 
> the patent is warranted to *not* cover), and ask them to further rewrite 
> the license to address and clarify those areas of concern as well?
> 
> They have obviously put a lot of time and effort in to this, and while I 
> absolutely agree there are problems with things as they stand today, and 
> fully expect MS, as any other company, to cover their investments and 
> their asterisks, in any negotiation, and at this point this is what it 
> is, it makes sense to say to them "here are the problems which keep it 
> from moving forward - will you address those problems, or do we need to 
> abandon it and move on?"
> 

I agree with Anne here - I want to do the same. If we can resolve these 
issues and move forward, it would be very helpful.

I would go a step further - I challenge Microsoft to participate in a 
conference call or a Jabber chat on this. Perhaps, if we can get the 
relevant parties together including Microsoft lawyers and lawyers from 
OSI and FSF, AND the policy makers at Microsoft, as well as members of 
this group, we can explain the issues to each side in a more clear fashion.

> Yes, I said I didn't understand why we were looking at this *given the 
> problems* when we had SPF which had no such problems, but now it's not 
> clear to me whether they have been given an opportunity to rectify these 
> problems; have they?
> 

In general, delaying the license change until the last minute right 
before the last call period started does not sound like acting in good 
faith. I find it very hard to believe that highly paid lawyers at 
Microsoft took such long time to do the changes. But in any case, why 
not give them another chance?

On a related note, keep in mind that approval by this WG is only the 
first step. There is still approval by the IESG in the future, if ever, 
and that takes time as well. Plus the various appeal processes, etc.

Yakov



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 02:11:34 2004
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In <6F85C4FB-FC9A-11D8-BA2B-000A95AC5778@isipp.com> "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com> writes:

> This may be naive in terms of the workings of the group, and
> protocol...but rather than abandon Sender I.D., why not contact MS and
> explain to them the concerns, and let them clarify?  [...]
>
> Yes, I said I didn't understand why we were looking at this *given the
> problems* when we had SPF which had no such problems, but now it's not
> clear to me whether they have been given an opportunity to rectify
> these problems; have they?

Yes, Microsoft has been given plenty of notice about the problems with
their license and given many opportunities to address the issues.
Lawyers from the FSF and OSI have been working with MS lawyers for
*months*.

The hard deadline of Aug 23 given by the co-chairs for any revised IPR
license was actually the *second* deadline given to MS.  IPR issues
were discussed at the interim meeting this spring and at the IETF-60
session.  This is not a case of MS being ambushed by people who just
suddenly decided to raise concerns about the license.  Rather, this is
a case where MS long considered the issue and has drawn a line in the
sand and said "if you want SenderID, you must accept our license
terms.  That is our final offer."



So, here were are, almost to the end of the Last Call on these
Internet-Drafts for potential RFCs.  We are trying to determine if the
benefits of using the patent encumbered PRA algorithm is enough better
than the alternatives to outweigh the costs.

In order to advance the marid-pra and marid-core I-Ds, there needs to
be a rough consensus from this working group that they should
advance.  From what I can see, there is no consensus that they should
advance, if anything, there is a rough consensus that they should not
advance.  Of course, it is all up to the opinions of the co-chairs as
to whether there is a rough consensus.  As Phillip Hallam-Baker can
tell you, there are some "wonderful" stories about co-chairs of IETF
working groups deciding on the issue of rough consensuses.



-wayne



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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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wayne wrote:
> In order to advance the marid-pra and marid-core I-Ds, there needs to
> be a rough consensus from this working group that they should
> advance.  From what I can see, there is no consensus that they should
> advance, if anything, there is a rough consensus that they should not
> advance.  Of course, it is all up to the opinions of the co-chairs as
> to whether there is a rough consensus.  As Phillip Hallam-Baker can
> tell you, there are some "wonderful" stories about co-chairs of IETF
> working groups deciding on the issue of rough consensuses.
> 

Given that only five days are left until the end of the last call 
period, perhaps the chairs can tell us what they feel the consensus is 
as of right now. As for those "wonderful" stories, there is always 
appeals :)

Yakov



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 02:47:58 2004
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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 01:47, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

[snip]

> On a followup note, I sincerely hope that this quote is NOT entirely 
> true (http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1759,1639576,00.asp):
> 
> "Allman also isn't optimistic about Microsoft making Sender ID 
> open-source friendly. "It's pretty clear that it's going to take an act 
> of whatever deity Microsoft worships in order to get them to back down 
> on the sublicensing issue. They made it absolutely clear to us that they 
> were not even going to consider changing this, and the legal folks made 
> it further clear that they would rather see Sender ID die than back down."

  It would be nice to get a confirmation from Eric Allman as to whether
or not this article got it right or misquoted him.  Because if it is
true, I would like to know why the Sendmail, Inc. position on Sender-ID
posted opened with:

        "Sendmail, Inc. has worked with Microsoft to help them produce a 
        patent license that will be acceptable for ourselves, the IETF and 
        the open source community at large."

because the two statements are clearly not consistent.

  Please, if we are to assume participants in this list are acting in
good faith, then all members need to honor that.  If Microsoft never had
any intention of making this license FOSS friendly, then why wasn't that
stated from the beginning?
  I agree with Gordon Fecyk in this case.  I smell another Rambus.  And
I do hope the IETF follows through with what Gordon was assured of at
IETF 59...that this behaviour willl not be tolerated.  

And from http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03750.html:

       "Finally, some participants have outright stated that they are
       interested only in the advancement of a competing specification
       to Sender ID while others have not said so much but have taken
       a similar tone. This is most offensive and counter to the notion
       of finding a consensus-based standard. Many individuals in this
       working group have worked very hard to find common ground, and
       this unilateralism is unfair to them. If it is your intent to be
       unwavering and steadfast in your opinion no matter the discourse
       of the issues, we ask that you disengage from this working group."

  If the article has it right about what Eric said and Eric has it right
about what Microsoft (and particularly its legal folks) said, then I'd
say the above statement about being 'unwavering and steadfast in your
opinion no matter the discourse of the issues' applies to this situation
quite readily.  (Though I'm not all impying anything about Harry, Jim,
or any other Microsoft employees on this list.)

-- 
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 03:13:43 2004
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Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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>And from http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03750.html:
>
>       "Finally, some participants have outright stated that they are
>       interested only in the advancement of a competing specification
>       to Sender ID while others have not said so much but have taken
>       a similar tone. This is most offensive and counter to the notion
>       of finding a consensus-based standard. Many individuals in this
>       working group have worked very hard to find common ground, and
>       this unilateralism is unfair to them. If it is your intent to be
>       unwavering and steadfast in your opinion no matter the discourse
>       of the issues, we ask that you disengage from this working group."

I add my vote to this motion for reasons I previously stated:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04008.html

and AccuSpam has no particular attachment to any competing standard for PER-DOMAIN anti-forgery.

I also find no major objection if Microsoft can eliminate the need to sign (fax or otherwise agree to) a patent license in order to distribute products which implement SenderID.  Else I think we should be patient to standardize on an alternative which is clearly in the public domain.  In the meantime, we have de facto standards, such as SPF, which can are gaining adoption (especially among anti-spam) and can protect senders who are being phished.

Additionally, the issue of deploying per-domain anti-forgery out to all senders is a complex one that is not completely solved with MSFT's PR apparatus and influence.

-Shelby Moore




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 05:38:33 2004
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This message summarizes the position of the Apache Software Foundation,
the Apache SpamAssassin Project Management Committee, and the Apache JAMES
Project Management Committee.

The Apache Software Foundation (ASF) delivers enterprise-grade, open
source software products that attract large communities of users.  The
pragmatic Apache License makes it easy for all users, commercial and
individual, to deploy Apache products including Apache SpamAssassin (an
extensible email filter which is used to identify spam) and Apache JAMES
(the Java Apache Mail Enterprise Server).

The current Microsoft Royalty-Free Sender ID Patent License Agreement
terms are a barrier to any ASF project which wants to implement Sender ID.
We believe the current license is generally incompatible with open source,
contrary to the practice of open Internet standards, and specifically
incompatible with the Apache License 2.0.  Therefore, we will not
implement or deploy Sender ID under the current license terms.

We raised these concerns with the IETF ASRG chairs on March 1st and we had
assurances from the ASRG chairs that these matters would be addressed, but
they haven't been.  We feel that dismissal of unspecified, pending, patent
claims recklessly shifts the risk and potential burden onto implementors.

We began working with Larry Rosen, general counsel of the Open Source
Initiative, on June 9th, to coordinate our efforts to resolve the patent
licensing issues.  And since July 20th, Larry Rosen has been negotiating
with Michele Herman at Microsoft, but most of the major barriers are still
present.

We are in agreement with Larry's analysis of the incompatibilities of the
current license:

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    From: "Lawrence Rosen" <lrosen@rosenlaw.com>
    Subject: RE: Microsoft's amended Sender ID license
    Date: Tue, 24 Aug 2004 10:15:12 -0700

    The open source development and distribution process works as well as
    it does because everyone treats open source licenses as
    sublicenseable, and most of them are expressly so. Open source
    licenses contemplate that anyone who receives the software under
    license may himself or herself become a contributor or
    distributor. Software freedom is inherited by downstream
    sublicensees. Meanwhile, the Microsoft Sender ID patent license
    continues the convenient fiction that there are "End Users" (S1.5) who
    receive limited rights. That is unacceptable in open source licenses.

    I have explained to Microsoft that their license is expressly
    incompatible with the warranty of provenance in the Academic Free
    License and the Open Software License:

       "Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work
       and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the
       Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License
       with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and
       patent rights." (AFL/OSL S7)

    The "nontransferable, non-sublicenseable" language in their reciprocal
    patent license (S2.3) also imposes an impossible administrative burden
    on the open source development community and, in essence, creates
    additional downstream patent licenses that will be incompatible with
    the AFL/OSL and similar open source licenses, and with the open source
    development process.

    The requirement that Microsoft Sender ID patent licenses be formally
    executed (e.g., S6.10) is incompatible with the way the open source
    development and distribution process actually works. Furthermore, the
    requirement that "If you would like a license from Microsoft (e.g.,
    rebrand, redistribute), you need to contact Microsoft directly" (S2.2)
    gives Microsoft information about its competitors' plans that it has
    no reason to know. No open source license -- and *all* of them allow
    rebranding and redistribution -- can be conditioned on informing
    Microsoft of anything at all. Other proposed licenses have been
    rejected by OSI and FSF because they required licensees to notify the
    licensor of their intentions.

    The requirement that Microsoft's patent licensing notice be placed "in
    close proximity to" the license agreement (S4.3) is, as a practical
    matter, impossible for most open source licenses posted on the OSI or
    other websites. There is no reason for that requirement other than to
    burden open source licenses with Microsoft notices.

    One final point: Open source licenses must be worldwide. The Microsoft
    license, however, makes licensees subject to U.S. Export
    Administration Regulations (S6.2). Similar provisions have been
    rejected by OSI in many other licenses. Instead, Microsoft should
    simply make licensees responsible to obey the relevant export control
    laws and leave it at that. We all understand that an open source
    license doesn't override local laws.

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------

We believe there are additional problems with license and the process.
Some of these include:

  * Microsoft has not disclosed information about their pending patents
    that cover areas of -core and -pra.  It is generally accepted that the
    PRA algorithm is covered, but any patents covering -core could cover
    far more than PRA.

  * Where the Sender ID specification includes additional optional
    features or suggests variations and alternatives to techniques needed
    to implement the specification (or where such variations or
    alternatives are obvious to an implementor), no license is granted.
    Only patents necessary to implement the specification are clearly
    licensed;

  * The licenses are said to be "personal" (though a reciprocally granted
    license is not required to be), which prevent assignment to an
    acquiring party, so open source projects may not be able to transfer a
    license to new maintainers or organizations.

  * The scope of the patent license is limited to compliant
    implementations.  This is incompatible with the broad grant of open
    source licenses to create any derivative work whatsoever.  In
    addition, as Internet software is often non-compliant for many
    possible different reasons, this would restrict the use of Sender ID
    unacceptably.  In addition:

     - Measurement of compliance is a problem.
     - If compliance is needed to get a license, then it's a problem.  If
       compliance is not needed to get a license, then the clause should
       just be dropped.
     - Full compliance might be difficult to achieve for technical or
       resource reasons.
     - Obvious extensions (many already under discussion) could be
       subject to unknown additional patents.
     - Accepted best practices often exceed or conflict with compliance
       for Internet standards.

  * It's conceivable that someone might want (or defensively, need) to
    enforce a patent related to Sender ID, but not "necessarily infringed"
    by an implementation of the specification, against Microsoft, but
    doing so would allow Microsoft to terminate.  The agreement is
    lopsided and will probably give Microsoft a competitive advantage in
    the Sender ID marketplace that is not warranted given the open
    standards that form the basis for Sender ID.

  * We are also concerned by the rush to adopt this standard in spite of
    technical concerns, lack of experience in the field, and a lack of
    consensus in the IETF MARID WG.

We will not be implementing support for Sender ID until such time as the
issues with the license are fixed and acceptable to the Apache James and
Apache SpamAssassin Project Management Committees.  We believe the first
step is fixing Larry Rosen's concerns.  As an alternative resolution, we
would find it acceptable if the pending patents were granted to a
non-profit organization such as ISOC and licensed under sufficiently open
terms.

Finally, as developers of open source e-mail technologies, we are
concerned that no company should be permitted IP rights over core Internet
infrastructure.  We believe the IETF needs to revamp its IPR policies to
ensure that the core Internet infrastructure remain unencumbered.

Greg Stein
Chairman, Apache Software Foundation

Serge Knystautas
V.P., Apache JAMES	

Daniel Quinlan
V.P., Apache SpamAssassin


cc: http://www.apache.org/foundation/docs/sender-id-position.html



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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'George Mitchell'" <george@m5p.com>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>,
        <jonagard@amazon.com>
Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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I also second the motion.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com 
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of George Mitchell
> Sent: Wednesday, September 01, 2004 9:22 PM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org; jonagard@amazon.com
> Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
> 
> 
> 
> > I will argue here for abandoning Sender ID. I make some 
> assumptions which 
> > could be refuted, but I believe that they are correct based on my 
> > experience. I encourage those who respond negatively to attack the 
> > particular points I am making and refute the facts I claim.
> 
> I second Mr. Gardner's motion.                     -- George Mitchell
>  



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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
|  there is serious doubt as
| to whether this patent is actually valid or enforceble in light of
| possible prior art. As of today, this technology is not encumbered by
| any patents and may stay that away if the patent application is not
| approved.


Maybe.

I'm not betting on it. There is a lot of vagueness in your statement.
Their lawyers are bigger than my lawyers.
No thanks.


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Jonathan Gardner wrote:

> Therefore, I move that Sender ID be removed from the MARID
> recommendations because it can never be a standard in the open source
> community due to its licensing terms and the uncertainty of pending
> patent claims.

I strongly support this motion.

> In its place, we should recommend SPF version 1, or
> SPF "classic", as currently adopted and implemented by over 70,000
> recorded domains.

I am very much in favor of this.

Perhaps MARID could further recommend the use of SUBMITTER/RFROM, in
conjunction with "classic" SPF, as an elegant alternative to using SRS1.

- Mark



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To add to the personal testimony called for by the chairs, I would like 
to make the following statements:

1.  In my professional capacity as a network analyst for a medium-sized 
company (400+ employees), I use the GPL licensed Exim MTA.   I believe 
that since Exim could not directly include Sender-ID code itself, my 
choices for implementing Sender-ID in my company would be to replace the 
MTA or try to find a Sender-ID add-on for Exim.     The first option 
would entail significant expense and thus would probably fail a 
cost/benefit analysis and therefore likely would not happen.   The 
second option may be impossible since such an add-on may never be 
created and even if it is, the expense of adding a third party module 
may fail a cost/benefit analysis.   Based on this, I am pretty confident 
that my company will never implement encumbered Sender-ID or at best it 
will be a very much delayed implementation.

2.  In my personal capacity as an Internet email user, my ISP is Primus 
Canada, which uses the Exim MTA.   Because of this, my ISP may never 
implement Sender-ID since it would entail the same type of work as noted 
above.   In any case, an implementation would be delayed and it is 
possible that if they had to migrate to a proprietary MTA, the expenses 
they incur would be passed on to me and I would see my Internet costs rise.

3.   Although I am not currently an active developer, I have done a fair 
bit of programming in the past and given some spare time I may be 
inclined to participate in a development project.   I have in fact 
contributed in other ways to a few existing projects such as Snort and 
SpamAssassin.   As my interests lie in security, email, and anti-spam, 
it's likely that any such future development contributions would be 
products that include MARID.  However, I would not be able to work on 
any projects that contain Sender-ID as I would refuse to sign a license 
for it.   My reason for doing so is based on my past assertion that 
"royalty-free" does not mean "free" and that the benefit of being able 
to implement Sender-ID is outweighed by the value of the rights that I 
would be waiving, particularly:
    - Despite not being a citizen of the USA, agreeing to be bound by US 
Export Administration regulations
    - Agreeing to only use the code to implement the Sender-ID specification
    - Agreeing to give up all rights under the license if I sue Microsoft
    - Agreeing to distribute my code only under a license that is not 
"inconsistent" with displaying Microsoft's IPR notice
    - Agreeing to distribute my code only under a license that does not 
guarantee that all recipients of the code have the same rights
    - Agreeing that any dispute be settled in the state of Washington 
and waiving all defenses of lack of personal jurisdiction and forum 
nonconveniens
    - Agreeing that my name can be used as part of Microsoft's PR (by 
being listed as a licensee of MS IPR on their web site or elsewhere)
 

Kevin



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 09:10:39 2004
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Interesting point, I agree with you.

And you gave me some inspiration:

Is it possible that this all was meant as an attack
against the Linux/GPL-World? That this was meant to 
undermine the GPL-based Linux distributions and to 
abuse a technology, which would surely be deployed
very fast and widely, everyone would have to use it, 
to piggyback some anti-GPL-antidote, to start softening
the pure-GPL world? 

Just a thought... 

regards
Hadmut
 



 



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From: Kevin Peuhkurinen <kevin.peuhkurinen@HEPCOE.com>
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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I concur.

It appears to me that the only thing that could save Sender-ID right now 
is if Microsoft immediately announces that they are dropping the 
licensing requirements and will donate their patent directly to the IETF 
or the FSF or some such.   Even a simple promise from them that they 
will revise their license isn't going to work; they've known for too 
long now about the problems with it and we have hearsay that MS Legal 
would rather let it die than back down on the provisions that make it 
hostile toward open source.

The notion that this WG can decide that Microsoft's pending patents will 
be invalidated by prior art and obviousness and therefore push the 
standard forward is mistaken.   Nobody is going to simply ignore MS's 
claims and their license on the basis of the opinion of the IETF.

I therefore recommend that the chairs elect to move ClassicSPF forward 
as an experimental standard and let Sender-ID die.   I would hope that 
if this is the case that Microsoft accepts the decision and backs the 
standard without attempting to assert any further IP rights over it or 
"embracing and extending" it.   Doing so would be graceful on their part 
and would go a long way in alleviating the deep misgivings that many 
techies and developers have about Microsoft.

Kevin Peuhkurinen



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 09:58:51 2004
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Subject: DEPLOY: My testimony
From: "Peter Bowyer" <peter@bowyer.org>
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I am co-owner and designer of an email forwarding service which has been
deployed in various instances to support email handling for upwards of
1000 domains. The design is based around, and dependent on, the Exim MTA,
which is licensed under the GPL.

Our service publishes SPF-Classic records for a subset of our domains,
performs SPF-Classic checking on incoming email, and uses the results as
one input to our spam classification algorithm.

Since the maintainer of Exim has announced his view that Sender-ID cannot
be implemented in Exim because of the incompatability of the Microsoft
license with the GPL
(http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03884.html), the adoption
of Sender-ID by our service and the domains we serve would involve (at
least) a change of MTA, which is a not inconsiderable task given the
dependency we have on Exim.

Accordingly, it is unlikely that we would adopt Sender-ID.

Peter Bowyer



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 10:16:56 2004
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    <41371A62.20307@hepcoe.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 15:50:31 +0200 (CEST)
Subject: Re: [DEPLOY] Motion to abandon Sender ID
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Kevin Peuhkurinen a écrit :
>
> I therefore recommend that the chairs elect to move ClassicSPF forward
> as an experimental standard

Yes.

> and let Sender-ID die.

It is already dead and has been for long <BBG>. The only thing is that is
took some time for some folks to realize it.

I'm always amazed to see how hard and long is learning for some obvious
lessons...

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 10:33:07 2004
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 "Jonathan Gardner" <jonagard@amazon.com> wrote:
> Therefore, I move that Sender ID be removed from the MARID recommendations
> because it can never be a standard in the open source community due to its
> licensing terms and the uncertainty of pending patent claims.

I agree with the motion.

I still think that Sender-ID is technically superior to SPF classic, but as
Wayne said, it's a ticking bomb and I'm not willing to sit on it hoping that
it won't blow off. I'm not against proposing a "last" deadline to Microsoft
to come with a new license if it has a spirit similar to:
    We are going to trash Sender-ID on September 15th if Microsoft does
    not offer a license fully compatible with the major Open Source
licenses,
    including the GNU Public License, before that date."

> In its place,
> we should recommend SPF version 1, or SPF "classic", as currently adopted
> and implemented by over 70,000 recorded domains.

I would rather go with SPF Unified (http://spf.pobox.com/unified/). In any
way, if we decide to trash Sender-ID, we'll clearly miss the deadline and we
should take the time to discuss and test an alternative solution. I'd rather
have an unencumbered final draft by Christmas than Sender-ID as it is right
now.

My 2 cents,
GFK's
-- 
Guillaume Filion, ing. jr
Logidac Tech., Beaumont, Québec, Canada - http://logidac.com/
PGP Key and more: http://guillaume.filion.org/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 10:34:53 2004
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One additional point to this, for those in the "it's just a fax" camp;
Look at it this way.

Microsoft will get to know who all of your customers whom you give the
right to sublicense your technology, if those customers are to use your
Sender-ID implementation as bundled into your MTA. There's no prevision
preventing Microsoft from using that information to promote its own
technology   solution to your customers.

Just my 2 cents.


Shaun

--------------
Shaun Bryant
Director of Threat Management
720-895-5710 Direct
303-908-5073 Cell
303-221-4930 Fax
877-695-6442 Toll Free
sbryant@mxlogic.com
 
Your first line of email defense
http://www.mxlogic.com


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Hadmut Danisch
Sent: Thursday, September 02, 2004 06:45
To: Jonathan Gardner
Cc: IETF MARID WG
Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID



Interesting point, I agree with you.

And you gave me some inspiration:

Is it possible that this all was meant as an attack
against the Linux/GPL-World? That this was meant to 
undermine the GPL-based Linux distributions and to 
abuse a technology, which would surely be deployed
very fast and widely, everyone would have to use it, 
to piggyback some anti-GPL-antidote, to start softening
the pure-GPL world? 

Just a thought... 

regards
Hadmut
 



 






From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 11:21:21 2004
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From: "Mark C. Langston" <mark@bitshift.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: DEPLOY:  personal testimony
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I am the primary author of GOSSiP, a distributed, peer-to-peer
reputation system for MTAs.  Due to the overwhelming legal analysis of
the Sender-ID licensing terms and the vagueness surrounding the actual
IPR claims, I cannot in good conscience implement Sender-ID checks in my
products.

As the Senior Unix Systems Administrator for the SETI Institute, I'm
concerned that a quick hack I may script up to check for Sender-ID would
require agreement to those terms, thereby forcing me to use an
"off-the-shelf" solution if I prefer to avoid those terms and still make
Sender-ID checks.  I'm further concerned that ANY quick hack I may
script up to do sender checks may infringe Microsoft's
yet-to-be-revealed IPR claims, and thus jeopardize my employment and my
employer.



-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 11:35:23 2004
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Hadmut Danisch wrote:
> 
> Interesting point, I agree with you.
> 
> And you gave me some inspiration:
> 
> Is it possible that this all was meant as an attack
> against the Linux/GPL-World? That this was meant to 
> undermine the GPL-based Linux distributions and to 
> abuse a technology, which would surely be deployed
> very fast and widely, everyone would have to use it, 
> to piggyback some anti-GPL-antidote, to start softening
> the pure-GPL world? 
> 
> Just a thought... 
> 

I am sure that we can come up with multiple conspiracy theories for 
this. For now, lets stay above the fray and assume that perhaps 
Microsoft was acting in good faith. Descending into conspiracy theories 
will not make this any better, and quite the opposite, will make the 
entire discussion appear unprofessional.

Microsoft knows what the issues are, they are receiving comments from 
multiple people and sources. The decision on  the license is upto them. 
The decision on the standard on the other hand is upto the us.

Yakov



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 12:21:53 2004
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Subject: The SSL license offer.
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 08:53:43 -0700 
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>   I am not aware of what patents cover SSL, but your argument is
> incomplete without a description of the license terms.  This 
> is, I fully
> acknowledge, something I am not too familiar with and intend 
> to read up
> on, especially since there is a work in progress library (gnutls) that
> is intended to replace openssl, if I'm not mistaken.

The patent is held by Netscape (AOL) and covers transport layer 
security. The terms are considerably more vague than in the SenderID
case. Netscape does not promise to offer a sublicensable patent or
even to offer reasonable or non discriminatory terms.


Netscape Communications has issued the following statement: 

Intellectual Property Rights 

Secure Sockets Layer 

The United States Patent and Trademark Office ("the PTO") recently issued
U.S. Patent No. 5,657,390 ("the SSL Patent") to Netscape for inventions
described as Secure Sockets Layers ("SSL"). The IETF is currently
considering adopting SSL as a transport protocol with security features.
Netscape encourages the royalty-free adoption and use of the SSL protocol
upon the following terms and conditions: 

If you already have a valid SSL Ref license today which includes source code
from Netscape, an additional patent license under the SSL patent is not
required. 
�@ 
If you don't have an SSL Ref license, you may have a royalty free license to
build implementations covered by the SSL Patent Claims or the IETF TLS
specification provided that you do not to assert any patent rights against
Netscape or other companies for the implementation of SSL or the IETF TLS
recommendation. 
What are "Patent Claims": 

Patent claims are claims in an issued foreign or domestic patent that: 

1) must be infringed in order to implement methods or build products
according to the IETF TLS specification; or 

2) patent claims which require the elements of the SSL patent claims and/or
their equivalents to be infringed. 
 



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> One additional point to this, for those in the "it's just a fax" camp;
> Look at it this way.
>
> Microsoft will get to know who all of your customers whom you give the
> right to sublicense your technology, if those customers are to use your
> Sender-ID implementation as bundled into your MTA. There's no prevision
> preventing Microsoft from using that information to promote its own
> technology   solution to your customers.

Nobody ever says why MSFT would prosecute someone who didn't have the
license.  In court, it would be pointed out:

* MSFT does not charge anything for the license, so its damages would be
non-existent
* MSFT gives the technology away freely to those who send in a fax
* MSFT clearly intended it to be royalty free as it was given over to an
international standards body

So in court they'd have to show why a particular user who hadn't sent in a
fax should be prosecuted?  They would have to show harm done to them.  It
could easily be remedied by sending in the fax or by no longer using the
code.  MSFT would be a pariah for such an attack.  They already have
monopoly issues, and spending good money to prosecute over a free license is
simply absurd.  The fear is just fear mongering, like worrying that the U.S.
will turn its military against its own citizens.  It could happen, but it
won't because it's politically untenable and legally weak.

Harry



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On Sep 2, 2004, at 2:19 AM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> Given that only five days are left until the end of the last call 
> period, perhaps the chairs can tell us what they feel the consensus is 
> as of right now. As for those "wonderful" stories, there is always 
> appeals :)

The recent messages from Mark Lentczner and the Apache Software 
Foundation say a lot.

-andy



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 >> 
>
>I am sure that we can come up with multiple conspiracy 
>theories for this. For now, lets stay above the fray and 
>assume that perhaps Microsoft was acting in good faith. 
>Descending into conspiracy theories will not make this any 
>better, and quite the opposite, will make the entire 
>discussion appear unprofessional.
>
>Microsoft knows what the issues are, they are receiving 
>comments from multiple people and sources. The decision on  
>the license is upto them. 
>The decision on the standard on the other hand is upto the us.
>
>Yakov
>
>

IMHO...(short version)

I will recommending that we move forward with the implementation of
SenderID within Bell Canada (over 35,000 domains) as I believe the
licensing component has zero to do with the technology and cost of
implemention. The support that Microsoft will generate over night for
this solution will drive global adoptation - something this solution is
going to need to be successful.


Jonathan






From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 12:27:35 2004
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I wasn't sure to post this as a deployment issue, a DOC-BUG issue or a
tech-omission issue, my apologies if this isn't the right one.

Currently it is very difficult for small domain owners, such as myself, who
use a shared MTA to construct a record that will produce a pass result
without also opening ourselves up to forgery from other legitimate (i.e. the
MTA owner has authorized them to use the MTA) users of the shared MTA.  The
reason for this is that virtually no shared MTA providers that allow domains
other than their own in mail from or from restrict them at all.

This limitation applies equally to SPF classic as well.  In a recent
discussion on this topic on the spf-discuss list (with ~1,000 subscribers)
only one provider that would prevent cross-customer forgery was identified.
The result of this is a record that looks like this (I'm using an
abbreviated generic version of my SPF classic record since I haven't created
a Sender-ID record - the point's the same either way):

"v=spf1 include:webmail.hostco.com ?a:relay.hostco.com ?mx
?include:isp.net -all"

There are three possible solutions to this problem that I can see:

1.  Shared MTA providers only allow their customers to send e-mail from
domains for which they have a legitimate right to do so.  I believe this
would be very cumbersome for large providers to do.  How would they know
what domains different users had access to?  If I use my hosting company's
MTA, then they could know reasonably easily, but how about the ISP?  I can
see this leading to a situation where MTA providers would only allow mail
from domains they host.  That would cost people in situations like me
redundancy.  I generally send through my hosting company's MTA, but if it's
down, I can send via the ISP's MTA.  Combined with port blocking, this might
also force small businesses to host their domains with their ISP.

2.  Businesses that want to get a pass result need to set up their own
dedicated MTA.  The reason that small busnisses don't do this now is they
have neither the time nor the expertise.  This approach will no doubt result
in even more poorly configured and inadequately maintained MTAs appearing on
the internet.

3.  Explicitly add a third possible source for submitter, the Persistent
User Account (PUA).  This would allow providers of shared MTA services to
add as a submitter the local (to the shared MTA) e-mail address of the user
that submitted the message to the MTA.  This was discussed on the list in
July.  Here is the start of the thread:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02633.html

This would seem to be a much simpler solution for shared MTA providers to
implement than trying to determine which domains their customers are
authorized to send from.  It also gives a full address (no just a domain)
that has agreed to be responsible for the message.  Also, if Submitter
failed a check during 2821 checking, I believe the message could be rejected
before data.

This approach is hinted at in the examples (see the last paragraph of Page
7), but use in this manner is never described in the actual specification.
The reason I was thinking this might be a DOC-BUG is that examples shouldn't
introduce new functionality.

Proposed spec changes:

Page 2:

Change the paragraph that begins "Broadly speaking, ..." to:

   Broadly speaking, there are two possible approaches for determining
   the purported responsible address from existing SMTP information;
   either from RFC 2821 [SMTP] protocol data or from RFC 2822
   [MSG-FORMAT] message headers.  Each approach has certain advantages
   and disadvantages.

Page 4:

Change the paragraph that begins "SMTP clients MUST set..." to:

   SMTP clients MUST set the SUMBITTER parameter value to the purported
   responsible address of the message as defined in this RFC or [PRA].
   This also applies to messages containing a null reverse-path.

Add a new paragraph to follow that one:

   If an SMTP client is accepting a new message for transmission and the
   MUA is authorized to submit the message based on an e-mail address
   that does not appear in the RFC 2822 [MSG-FORMAT] message headers,
   then the SMTP client MUST set the SUBMITTER parameter value to the
   address used to validate the MUA's access to the SMTP client through
   whatever local means are used (such SMTP Authentication [SMTPAUTH]).

I'd be willing to settle for MAY here instead of MUST, but if we are going
to explicitly include this option, then I can't think of a strong reason
that it shouldn't be a MUST.

Page 5:

Add a sentence to the end of Paragraph 5.1:

If the e-mail address used for validation did not appear in the RFC 2822
headers, then appropriate RFC 2822 headers would be added and that e-mail
address would be used for the SUBMITTER parameters for subsequent
transmission of the message.

Scott Kitterman



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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Gordon Fecyk'" <gordonf@pan-am.ca>,
        IETF MARID WG
	 <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: Another Rambus, Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 09:13:57 -0700 
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> I see another Rambus in the making here, exactly the same 
> concern I brought
> up with the BOF chairs back at IETF 59, where I was assured 
> the IETF didn't
> tolerate such behaviour.

The allegations in the Rambus case were that Rambus had not
revealed their patent application to the committee and had
participated in WG discussions on the spec.

That is not the case here.



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To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Hadmut Danisch
	 <hadmut@danisch.de>
Cc: Jonathan Gardner <jonagard@amazon.com>,
        IETF MARID WG
	 <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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> Microsoft knows what the issues are, they are receiving comments from 
> multiple people and sources. The decision on  the license is 
> upto them. 
> The decision on the standard on the other hand is upto the us.

Actually from a standards process point of view the only body with
actual decision making power is the IESG. 

This is not a technical issue, it is the type of issue the IESG should
be involved with instead of making technical comments on the WG
output.


The problem here is that a bad precedent was set with the RSA patent.
There are two types of patent at issue, casual patents and 
fundamental ones.

Fundamental patents are very very rare. Perhaps 1 out of 10,000.
They are the patents that describe the only possible way to do
something.

Casual patents are much more common, and will become increasingly 
so. They describe one way of doing something, not the only way.


The fear is that a casual patent be turned into a fundamental one
by virtue of it being made into a standard. The RAMBUS concern is
a real one.

This is something that I believe should be decided at the level
of the community as a whole rather than one working group and
further should allow for license terms to be accepted on a 
general basis so that we do not have this issue in every case.


We might be able to get further if we knew the reason for Microsoft's
insistence on explicit execution of a contract. They appear to me
to have a concern about notice of the contract terms and believe
that constructive notice may not be effective in achieving 
reciprocity.



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Subject: RE: Updated Sender-ID License Faq (was acceptable use)
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> Thanks to your (Yakov's) fine efforts, it does appear that the MS is
> likely to be worse than the typical patent-the-obvious type patent,
> but is much closer to what PHB calls a patent troll.  They may well
> have taken ideas discussed in the ASRG and, after the fact and without
> telling anyone, patented them.

Patent trolls simply file patents, they do not makestuff, they
often don't even invent stuff. All they do is to look for ways
to turn roads created at public expense into toll roads.

Neither Microsoft, nor IBM (which has a huge licensing business)
are patent trolls by that definition.

The problem with the USPTO is that the only real defense against
a patent troll is to have a prior patent. Prior art only works
if you are prepared to put down $5 million to fight a case.
This means that it has become necessary to file for defensive
patents on every idea, regardless of how frivolous it might 
seem.

The underlying problem is that the only party who can bring the
USPTO to court is an applicant who claims to have been unfairly
denied a patent claim or had a patent claim cancelled.



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Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 18:17:02 +0200 (CEST)
Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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Harold A'Hole a écrit :
>
> Nobody ever says why MSFT would prosecute someone who didn't have the
> license.  In court, it would be pointed out: [...]

> So in court they'd have to show why a particular user who hadn't sent in a
> fax should be prosecuted?  They would have to show harm done to them. [...]

The problem is that a standard cannot be decided based on "woulds",
"shoulds" or suppositions... It must be based on facts. What is in written
in the license is facts, and makes it unacceptable for a large part of the
Internet community. The past behaviour of a given company is facts. The
rest are just suppositions.

> MSFT would be a pariah for such an attack.

Aren't they already ? I may have been misinformed ;-)

> They already have monopoly issues, and spending good money to prosecute
> over a free license is simply absurd.  The fear is just fear mongering,
> like worrying that the U.S. will turn its military against its own
> citizens.  It could happen, but it won't because it's politically
> untenable and legally weak.

Well, the fact that the U.S. would use its military to bomb and invade a
foreign country that hadn't attacked them and didn't represent any threat
to them, giving big lies to the world about the reasons by the voice of
the U.S. govt would have seemed "politically untenable and legally weak",
as you say.

Know what ? It happened. And they're still there.

But I believe this is quickly drifting out of the topic of this list, so I
apologize in advance for this drift -- just answering your statement.

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E

 Aurais-je manque une loi permettant a n'iumporte que CON (excusez moi,
 mais je vois pas d'autre terme) à salir et à insulter les marques des
 sociétés connues ?
 -+- JD-P in NPC : Dura lex basta crapoto, et que ça saute ! -+-



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[Hallam-Baker, Phillip]
>The patent is held by Netscape (AOL) and covers transport layer 
>security. The terms are considerably more vague than in the SenderID
>case. Netscape does not promise to offer a sublicensable patent or
>even to offer reasonable or non discriminatory terms.

Very interesting. If OpenSSL can be included in Linux distributions, why
can't SenderID? 

The SSL license would seem to have tproblems with the GPL similar to
those that the SenderID license does.

--
Ryan



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From: "Jeremy T. Bouse" <jeremy+spf@undergrid.net>
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	I would concur with this motion as well. I see no further point
in trying to continue with Sender-ID with it's licensing issue which
make it unusable with GPL or other OSS licenses. I think SPF classic can
be adopted and if needed modified to meet the goals of MARID without the
inclusion of Sender-ID.

	Regards,
	Jeremy



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Harold A'Hole wrote:
>>One additional point to this, for those in the "it's just a fax" camp;
>>Look at it this way.
>>
>>Microsoft will get to know who all of your customers whom you give the
>>right to sublicense your technology, if those customers are to use your
>>Sender-ID implementation as bundled into your MTA. There's no prevision
>>preventing Microsoft from using that information to promote its own
>>technology   solution to your customers.
> 
> 
> Nobody ever says why MSFT would prosecute someone who didn't have the
> license.  In court, it would be pointed out:
> 
> * MSFT does not charge anything for the license, so its damages would be
> non-existent
> * MSFT gives the technology away freely to those who send in a fax
> * MSFT clearly intended it to be royalty free as it was given over to an
> international standards body
> 
> So in court they'd have to show why a particular user who hadn't sent in a
> fax should be prosecuted?  They would have to show harm done to them.  It
> could easily be remedied by sending in the fax or by no longer using the
> code.  MSFT would be a pariah for such an attack.  They already have
> monopoly issues, and spending good money to prosecute over a free license is
> simply absurd.  The fear is just fear mongering, like worrying that the U.S.
> will turn its military against its own citizens.  It could happen, but it
> won't because it's politically untenable and legally weak.
> 

While all of that may be true, what matters is what implementors think. 
If the entire licensing issue muddles the waters to a point where 
significant deployment problems will occur, it is something we should 
take into consideration.

Yakov



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Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

> 
>>I see another Rambus in the making here, exactly the same 
>>concern I brought
>>up with the BOF chairs back at IETF 59, where I was assured 
>>the IETF didn't
>>tolerate such behaviour.
> 
> 
> The allegations in the Rambus case were that Rambus had not
> revealed their patent application to the committee and had
> participated in WG discussions on the spec.
> 
> That is not the case here.
> 

I am alledging this in regards to the ASRG discussions.

Yakov



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Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> The fear is that a casual patent be turned into a fundamental one
> by virtue of it being made into a standard. The RAMBUS concern is
> a real one.
> 
> This is something that I believe should be decided at the level
> of the community as a whole rather than one working group and
> further should allow for license terms to be accepted on a 
> general basis so that we do not have this issue in every case.
> 

I agree with Phil that this is something should be raised on a community 
level for the entire IETF since it is bound to come up again. But that 
might be something more suitable for another forum. The question is what 
are we supposed to do in regards to Sender-ID? Approving it on the WG 
level might be considered "final approval" and alienate sizable portions 
of the community. Not approving it, will push Microsoft and others away. 
I don't know if either side will bother taking into account the finer 
distinctions of the IETF approval process. Kind of a catch-22?

Perhaps guidance from the IESG might be helpful here.

> 
> We might be able to get further if we knew the reason for Microsoft's
> insistence on explicit execution of a contract. They appear to me
> to have a concern about notice of the contract terms and believe
> that constructive notice may not be effective in achieving 
> reciprocity.
> 

They are reading the list.

Yakov



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Hi Jonathan.   Thanks for your input.    You say that you are going to 
recommend going forward with Sender-ID, even though it has gone through 
no real testing and has not been adopted as a standard yet.    Is your 
recommendation based solely on the belief that Microsoft's backing will 
ensure it's success despite the resistance from the open source camp or 
do you feel that it is a superior technology to, say, SPF?

Also, I have noticed that the MTAs that Bell uses includes the GPL'ed 
Exim and the ASL licensed InterMail.    Do you expect to have to replace 
these with Sendmail?

Thanks,
Kevin

jonathan.curtis@bell.ca wrote:

> >> 
>  
>
>>I am sure that we can come up with multiple conspiracy 
>>theories for this. For now, lets stay above the fray and 
>>assume that perhaps Microsoft was acting in good faith. 
>>Descending into conspiracy theories will not make this any 
>>better, and quite the opposite, will make the entire 
>>discussion appear unprofessional.
>>
>>Microsoft knows what the issues are, they are receiving 
>>comments from multiple people and sources. The decision on  
>>the license is upto them. 
>>The decision on the standard on the other hand is upto the us.
>>
>>Yakov
>>
>>
>>    
>>
>
>IMHO...(short version)
>
>I will recommending that we move forward with the implementation of
>SenderID within Bell Canada (over 35,000 domains) as I believe the
>licensing component has zero to do with the technology and cost of
>implemention. The support that Microsoft will generate over night for
>this solution will drive global adoptation - something this solution is
>going to need to be successful.
>
>
>Jonathan
>
>
>
>
>
>  
>



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I encourage the MARID working group, it's Chairs and the IETF to embrace
SenderID and help to promote it as a standard.
 
There is wide agreement, myself included, that the Microsoft IPR license
would be best removed from the proposal.  However, SenderID is a good
solution and the it's the best that we can offer the internet user
community at this time.  We can work through the licensing, it cannot be
a deal breaker.  MARID's objective is to put forth an authentication
solution that can be a best first-step in solving the spam problem that
plagues all of us. Whether we represent the open source community or the
furtune 500, we have a responsibility to the users of the internet and
to protect the email medium.

The IETF and the MARID group is comprised of individuals who are
involved in *developing* and *improving* the internet.  The IETF has a
long tradition of significant contributions to the internet.  The
internet would not be relevant today, if not for the IETF, and the IETF
is relevant to the internet.  We have a responsibility to the *users* of
the internet. 

If the MARID chairs abandon SenderID, SenderID will not die.  Microsoft
will move forward with SenderID at MSN, HotMail, within Outlook and
Exchange.  SendMail will move forward with SenderID.  That represents
enough user email boxes that the spam-fighters BrightMail, CloudMark,
Senderbase, Tumbleweed have already announced SenderID support.  The
Email Service Provider Coalition, representing a very significant
portion of legitimate commercial email will publish SenderID in DNS.
ISP's that want their users email to reach inboxes at MSN, HotMail,
Exchange or SendMail supported email boxes may want to publish SenderID
records in DNS.  My company will certainly publish both SPF1 and SPF2
regardless of the MARID decision.

If MARID abandons SenderID, it might be a step towards IETF irrelevance,
as both SPF Classic and SenderID will live on.  If MARID embraces
SenderID, with it's flaws, there is hope for a unified approach to
solving the SPAM problem (SenderID as step 1).  The flaws can be
addressed, the licensing can be addressed, the solution must start now.
We all know that the solution starts with authentication; it can be
improved with accreditation and reputation.

Thank you for your consideration.

--KEN


Ken Schmidt
VP Operations
Savicom




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Some people on this list will be aware that yesterday Microsoft held an 
event in Redmond to assist people in moving forward on implementing 
Sender-ID. There was nothing on the agenda discussing licensing, but 
clearly this is a key issue, so I raised the issue three times during the 
day - twice during the conference itself, and later as a casual 
conversation with Craig Spietzle over drinks.

First my disclosure: My employer is MessageLabs, one of the largest MX
filtering companies in the world - largest in terms of number of
customers. The license is compatible with our company in terms of
implementation, however I went to the sender-id summit with a specific
goal to discuss the deployment issues regarding open source software. We
are both a major user of open source software, and a contributor (I'm a
developer of an open source SMTPd and an ex SpamAssassin developer), and
should sender-id fail because of Microsoft's unwillingness to negotiate
the terms of their license then that would be bad for the entire industry.

What I write here is my interpretation of events. There were witnesses to 
everything written here, and I welcome them to correct things should I 
have misremembered (given that I had to travel 48+ hours for this one day 
event, I hope people will forgive me if I have some things mixed up). I 
would also like to point out that I am not trying to bash anyone here - I 
appreciate the effort Microsoft is putting in here, and I do not wish to 
appear to be attacking them in any way. This note is merely to inform 
those not present at the Sender-ID summit of what transpired there from 
my personal perspective.

            o o o o

During the course of the day, licensing was mentioned a couple of times as 
I recall it. The first time was a "Licensing Reality" slide which declared 
that everything was OK and we shouldn't worry (I'm massively paraphrasing 
of course). Sendmail Inc also spoke about how it was a non-issue because 
you simply didn't need to get a license (a fact with which I disagree), 
which is the stance they have taken with their Sender-ID implementation.

During a section of the day regarding deployment I decided it was time to 
open this issue up to the audience. After all, the licensing issues are 
all about deployment. I raised the well known issues discussed on this 
list (incompatibilities with open source licenses). The Microsoft response 
appeared to be that they would fix the FAQ and confirm that they would 
never ever charge for Sender-ID licenses.

The charging issue appeared to be held on to toward the end of the day, 
when Microsoft declared that they would never charge, and would email 
mxcomp in that regard (I believe Harry Katz has done so). However, 
charging was NEVER the issue with open source licenses, and this was 
either a smokescreen or a fundamental misunderstanding of the issues.

Craig Spietzle requested that I discuss this with him offline so they 
could continue the conference, so in the evening I took some time to 
discuss it with him, in the presence of Wietse Venema and the author of 
the Port25 mailer (who's name I have temporarily forgotten - apologies).

We discussed a number of issues, not all of which I can recall now. Most 
certainly I put it to him that cost was not the issue and that there was a 
fundamental incompatibility with open source licenses. On the cost issue I 
believe that sunk in. On the incompatibility issue I don't believe we 
managed to agree with each other. Ultimately I put it to him that the 
license would have to change should open source implementations of 
Sender-ID be a requirement for adoption.

I pressed him: "Will you fix the license?". I never really got a confirmed
yes or no, but my feeling was "no" when we ended the conversation. I
suggested that they give their IP to the IETF (such as I believe there is
precedence of - I know that IBM has committed patents to the public domain
before in a similar act of openness), to which I was told that Craig
believed this was a reasonable idea, but that Bill Gates himself had
vetoed that idea because of the current focus on patent gathering and IPR
issues at Microsoft.

We ended the conversation with my suggestion that Microsoft work with
Larry Rosen to fix the license, and Craig telling me that they had already
worked really hard with Larry, and that they had "met halfway" with
Larry's requests. Craig did suggest that some of Larry's requests were not
reasonable and had nothing to do with making the Sender-ID license 
compatible with open source. I am not privy to the details though. There 
appeared to be an element of "We've worked really hard on this and we 
don't want to have to do-over" in Craig's responses.

Ultimately I do feel that Craig Spietzle listened very carefully to my
points, and I am grateful to him for that, and if I have mis-characterised
anything he said to me in the above text I will stand corrected. But I do
not personally believe the position Microsoft is taking on this is working
for this project. While there are other IETF standards that are IPR
encumbered and require a license, they are not standards which have as
wide-reaching an effect as Sender-ID, and I think we have to get this one
right.

Matt Sergeant
Senior Anti-Spam Technologist
MessageLabs.


______________________________________________________________________
This email has been scanned by the MessageLabs Email Security System.
For more information please visit http://www.messagelabs.com/email 
______________________________________________________________________



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 13:44:20 2004
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Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 19:18:37 +0200 (CEST)
Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
From: "Michel Bouissou" <michel@bouissou.net>
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Ken a écrit :
>
> I encourage the MARID working group, it's Chairs and the IETF to embrace
> SenderID and help to promote it as a standard.
[...]
> If the MARID chairs abandon SenderID, SenderID will not die.  Microsoft
> will move forward with SenderID at MSN, HotMail, within Outlook and
> Exchange.  SendMail will move forward with SenderID. [...]

What I read above is "Resistance is futile. You will be assimilated.", or
am I mistaken ?

Is it really the role of IETF to "follow what BigCompany decides, because
they'll do it anyway" ?

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E



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Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
From: Ryan Ordway <ryan@nwgeeks.com>
To: jonathan.curtis@bell.ca
Cc: research@solidmatrix.com, hadmut@danisch.de, jonagard@amazon.com,
        ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 08:58, jonathan.curtis@bell.ca wrote:
>  >> 
> >
> >I am sure that we can come up with multiple conspiracy 
> >theories for this. For now, lets stay above the fray and 
> >assume that perhaps Microsoft was acting in good faith. 
> >Descending into conspiracy theories will not make this any 
> >better, and quite the opposite, will make the entire 
> >discussion appear unprofessional.
> >
> >Microsoft knows what the issues are, they are receiving 
> >comments from multiple people and sources. The decision on  
> >the license is upto them. 
> >The decision on the standard on the other hand is upto the us.
> >
> >Yakov
> >
> >
> 
> IMHO...(short version)
> 
> I will recommending that we move forward with the implementation of
> SenderID within Bell Canada (over 35,000 domains) as I believe the
> licensing component has zero to do with the technology and cost of
> implemention. The support that Microsoft will generate over night for
> this solution will drive global adoptation - something this solution is
> going to need to be successful.

	Gee, amazing how the Internet ever managed to come
into existence without Microsoft!

	A big company's backing does not a successful protocol
make. More likely, if certain key ISPs were to start checking
MARID records and making actual decisions based upon their
content, this would drive support for the protocol. From
-rationale-00:

7.2. Marketing Analysis: Chasm Theory

 The designed product, and the augmentations that surround it, must 
 survive each phase of Geoffrey Moore's Chasm model.

 The core specification should be attractive enough to the visionaries 
 to seed the fax effect by publishing records and writing libraries.

 After an initial round of discovery and experimentation by the early 
 adopters, the mainstream must be encouraged to start publishing 
 records.  This is the first chasm, on the publishing side.  They need 
 the assurance that publishing records will, first, do no harm.

 The beachhead for crossing the publishing-side chasm turned out to be 
 industry leaders.  When enough well known domains published records, 
 they seeded the second round of the fax effect.  The second round turns 
 potential receiver-side implementors into actual implementors:
 the early adopters here are the makers of antispam email appliances and 
 edge MTAs such as CipherTrust, IronPort, Postini, and Brightmail.
 They are ideally positioned to implement Sender ID checking on inbound 
 mail and have a business reason to do so.

 The second chasm, on the receiving side, requires major ISPs to start 
 implementing inbound checking.  Their initial motivation is to reduce 
 the costs of whitelisting.  Major ISPs negotiate email peering 
 relationships with major senders and maintain, often by hand, 
 whitelists of IP addresses.  Conversion to Sender ID-based whitelisting 
 is an obvious step.  Note that while Sender ID is often viewed as an 
 anti-forgery mechanism, using it as a whitelisting mechanism is simply 
 the other side of the coin.

 After these chasms are crossed, there remains the challenge of getting 
 publishers to transition through increasing levels of severity: from 
 "?" to "~" to "-".  This effort requires cooperation from receivers.


	I see no mention of Microsoft in there anywhere!

	My apologies if I dripped any sarcasm on you.

	Ryan

-- 
HELO, my name is root... you have SIGKILLed my father... prepare to vi!



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"Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org> wrote:
> Very interesting. If OpenSSL can be included in Linux distributions, why
> can't SenderID?
>
> The SSL license would seem to have tproblems with the GPL similar to
> those that the SenderID license does.

I may be talking throught my hat, but reading the SSL patent license, I see
no restriction on redistribution.

The Sender-ID license allows (re)distribution only for those who sign the
license and fax it to them. In my understanding, this is the main
incompatibility with the GPL.

Here's the part of the SSL License I'm refering to:
     If you don't have an SSL Ref license, you may have a royalty free
license to
     build implementations covered by the SSL Patent Claims or the IETF TLS
     specification provided that you do not to assert any patent rights
against
     Netscape or other companies for the implementation of SSL or the IETF
TLS
     recommendation.

Best,
GFK's
-- 
Guillaume Filion, ing. jr
Logidac Tech., Beaumont, Québec, Canada - http://logidac.com/
PGP Key and more: http://guillaume.filion.org/



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[Guillaume Filion]
> I may be talking throught my hat, but reading the SSL patent 
> license, I see
> no restriction on redistribution.

I thought that all rights were reserved unless specifically granted. If
so, it would seem the SSL license grants NO rights to redistribute
whatsoever. Perhaps I am wrong.

In any case, I cannot seem to find an "official" version of this license
on the netscape or AOL sites, so who the hell knows.



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From: Jonathan Gardner <jonagard@amazon.com>
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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Thursday 02 September 2004 08:07 am, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
> I am sure that we can come up with multiple conspiracy theories for
> this. For now, lets stay above the fray and assume that perhaps
> Microsoft was acting in good faith. Descending into conspiracy theories
> will not make this any better, and quite the opposite, will make the
> entire discussion appear unprofessional.
>

I agree. Let's leave the conspiracy theories for Slashdot. We shouldn't 
attribute to malice what can be attributed to ignorance, or in this case, 
inexperience with the open source community.

> Microsoft knows what the issues are, they are receiving comments from
> multiple people and sources. The decision on  the license is upto them.
> The decision on the standard on the other hand is upto the us.
>

The only problem I see is time constraints. I doubt that Microsoft will be 
able to come up with a new license and still give us time to examine and 
debate it. That's why we should hold off on Sender ID until we get a 
license that will allow it to become a standard.

The other alternative is for Microsoft to abandon their pending patent 
application. I highly doubt Microsoft will do that, but that is their 
decision.

- -- 
Jonathan M. Gardner
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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 11:01:51 -0700
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> Nobody ever says why MSFT would prosecute someone who didn't have the
> license.  In court, it would be pointed out:
>
> * MSFT does not charge anything for the license, so its damages would 
> be
> non-existent
> * MSFT gives the technology away freely to those who send in a fax
> * MSFT clearly intended it to be royalty free as it was given over to 
> an
> international standards body
>
> So in court they'd have to show why a particular user who hadn't sent 
> in a
> fax should be prosecuted?  They would have to show harm done to them.

This is completely incorrect.  This would be true for a breach of 
contract case (or also a tort case), but not here.  In the case of 
someone taking or duplicating something without a license, it's piracy. 
  And there are statutory damages available for both piracy and 
malactions against intellectual property (in fact the latter is 
precisely on what our "register your domain for trademark protection to 
sue spoofers" service is founded - showing actual damage in these cases 
can be difficult - which is precisely why there are statutory damages 
available).

Even if they did have to show damages, it would be easily done by the 
loss of ability to track who is using their product, and, by extension 
then, who may be diluting it by altering it and still distributing it 
as a "Microsoft product" (and if not as a "Microsoft product", then we 
get to areas of infringement).

Anne

Anne P. Mitchell, Esq.
President/CEO
Institute for Spam and Internet Public Policy
Professor of Law, Lincoln Law School of SJ
Committee Member, Asilomar Microcomputer Workshop



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 14:36:58 2004
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From: "J. Trevor Hughes" <jthughes@maine.rr.com>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 14:13:13 -0400
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I write as the executive director of the Email Service Provider =
Coalition
(ESPC).  The ESPC is a trade association made up of 54 email service
providers.  We estimate that our members provide delivery services to =
over
250,000 senders in the US alone.  And according to Ironport's =
SenderBase,
our members deliver approximately 12% of all email.

=20

Both in a personal capacity and as a trade association, I write today to
express strong support for Sender ID.  The ESPC has been advocating for
authenticated email solutions for almost two years and feel that this is =
a
critical first step toward more comprehensive solutions to the spam =
problem.
Last year, the ESPC published a white paper on our vision for =
authenticated
email (Project Lumos, authored by Hans Peter Brondmo and Margaret =
Olson).

=20

Within our organization, we have had three corporate attorneys from =
member
companies review the Microsoft license (I too am an attorney, although =
not
trained or licensed in patent law).  Resoundingly, we have found that =
the
issues raised within MARID are addressable, or at worst understandable,
given the context of situation.  I personally believe that Microsoft is
acting in good faith and in a rational manner and has moved forward with
patent protections as a defensive response to very real risks.  (See
http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=3D20040901004705872 for a =
decent
discussion on the reasoning behind a defensive patent claim on an =
otherwise
"free" license.)

=20

Based on our review, the license terms have been deemed acceptable.  The
fact that pending patent claims are present is nothing new to the IETF.
Many RFCs have gone forward with IPR claims.  The issue should then =
distill
to whether the license presented is consistent with IETF standards.  I
believe that Microsoft has complied with, and indeed exceeded, the
standards.  The IETF has been notified of the IPR claims and =
royalty-free,
non-discriminatory license terms have been offered.  What more is =
required?

=20

Much has been made of the fact that the pending patent content has not =
been
disclosed.  While this may be disconcerting to some, it represents a
balanced strategy to protect against predatory claims downstream.  A =
patent
application is the first time that a company exposes proprietary
information.  Any attorney representing a corporation would counsel =
against
disclosure of the patent at this stage in the process.  Suggestions that
this inappropriate (particularly from attorneys) fail to recognize the =
risks
associated with disclosure of the patent content.

=20

Even more has been said about the sub-licensing of Sender ID.  While I =
do
acknowledge the concerns of many on this list, we feel that the friction
caused by sub-licensing is a worthwhile quid pro quo for the greater =
value
of broad implementation of an authenticated email solution.  Again, any
attorney acting as counsel for a corporation would seek such terms.  =
They
are neither surprising, nor objectionable.

=20

I do want to raise one issue that has not been discussed on MARID yet =
(at
least as far as I have seen).  The eyes of the world are upon industry =
at
this time and great expectations have been created for authenticated =
email
technologies to emerge quickly and broadly.  The Federal Trade =
Commission
recently issued a report to Congress and strongly advocated for
authenticated email solutions.  They will be holding a workshop on the =
topic
later this fall.  Failure to move forward with Sender ID at this =
juncture
will likely put us back at least 6 months and perhaps more.  Such a =
delay
will only invite interference from legislators and regulators.  I =
certainly
do not think that is in the best interests on anyone!

=20

Finally, I want to share a dystopian vision of how things may play out =
if we
fail to move Sender ID forward.  Multiple IP-based authentication =
mechanisms
will be a disaster for email.  We run the risk of balkanized ISP =
solutions -
and the ensuing demands of multiple protocols on all senders.  Not a =
good
result coming out of an effort to create a standard!

=20

I urge the participants on this list to consider the greater good that =
will
be borne from the wide adoption of Sender ID.  This is a good tool.  The
actions of the various parties involved are understandable and =
reasonable.
The license terms are workable and within the scope of IETF standards =
and
history.  And it will have a positive effect on our ability to reduce
phishing and protect legitimate email.

=20

J. Trevor Hughes

Executive Director

NAI

=20

207 351 1500 (o)

207 351 1501 (f)

 <mailto:thughes@networkadvertising.org> thughes@networkadvertising.org

=20


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I write as the executive director of the Email =
Service
Provider Coalition (ESPC).&nbsp; The ESPC is a trade association made up =
of 54
email service providers.&nbsp; We estimate that our members provide =
delivery
services to over 250,000 senders in the </span></font><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
  style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>US</span></font><font =
size=3D2
face=3DArial><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> =
alone.&nbsp; And according
to Ironport&#8217;s SenderBase, our members deliver approximately 12% of =
all email.</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Both in a personal capacity and as a trade =
association, I
write today to express strong support for Sender ID.&nbsp; The ESPC has =
been
advocating for authenticated email solutions for almost two years and =
feel that
this is a critical first step toward more comprehensive solutions to the =
spam
problem.&nbsp; Last year, the ESPC published a white paper on our vision =
for
authenticated email (Project Lumos, authored by Hans Peter Brondmo and =
Margaret
Olson).</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Within our organization, we have had three corporate
attorneys from member companies review the Microsoft license (I too am =
an
attorney, although not trained or licensed in patent law). =
&nbsp;Resoundingly,
we have found that the issues raised within MARID are addressable, or at =
worst
understandable, given the context of situation. &nbsp;I personally =
believe that
Microsoft is acting in good faith and in a rational manner and has moved
forward with patent protections as a defensive response to very real =
risks.&nbsp;
(See <a =
href=3D"http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=3D20040901004705872">htt=
p://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=3D20040901004705872</a>
for a decent discussion on the reasoning behind a defensive patent claim =
on an
otherwise &#8220;free&#8221; license.)</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Based on our review, the license terms have been =
deemed
acceptable.&nbsp; The fact that pending patent claims are present is =
nothing
new to the IETF.&nbsp; Many RFCs have gone forward with IPR =
claims.&nbsp; The
issue should then distill to whether the license presented is consistent =
with
IETF standards.&nbsp; I believe that Microsoft has complied with, and =
indeed
exceeded, the standards.&nbsp; The IETF has been notified of the IPR =
claims and
royalty-free, non-discriminatory license terms have been offered.&nbsp; =
What
more is required?</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Much has been made of the fact that the pending =
patent
content has not been disclosed.&nbsp; While this may be disconcerting to =
some,
it represents a balanced strategy to protect against predatory claims
downstream. &nbsp;A patent application is the first time that a company =
exposes
proprietary information. &nbsp;Any attorney representing a corporation =
would counsel
against disclosure of the patent at this stage in the process.&nbsp;
Suggestions that this inappropriate (particularly from attorneys) fail =
to
recognize the risks associated with disclosure of the patent =
content.</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Even more has been said about the sub-licensing of =
Sender
ID.&nbsp; While I do acknowledge the concerns of many on this list, we =
feel
that the friction caused by sub-licensing is a worthwhile quid pro quo =
for the
greater value of broad implementation of an authenticated email =
solution.&nbsp;
Again, any attorney acting as counsel for a corporation would seek such
terms.&nbsp; They are neither surprising, nor =
objectionable.</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I do want to raise one issue that has not been =
discussed on
MARID yet (at least as far as I have seen).&nbsp; The eyes of the world =
are
upon industry at this time and great expectations have been created for =
authenticated
email technologies to emerge quickly and broadly.&nbsp; The Federal =
Trade Commission
recently issued a report to Congress and strongly advocated for =
authenticated
email solutions.&nbsp; They will be holding a workshop on the topic =
later this
fall.&nbsp; Failure to move forward with Sender ID at this juncture will =
likely
put us back at least 6 months and perhaps more.&nbsp; Such a delay will =
only
invite interference from legislators and regulators.&nbsp; I certainly =
do not
think that is in the best interests on anyone!</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Finally, I want to share a dystopian vision of how =
things
may play out if we fail to move Sender ID forward.&nbsp; Multiple =
IP-based
authentication mechanisms will be a disaster for email.&nbsp; We run the =
risk
of balkanized ISP solutions &#8211; and the ensuing demands of multiple =
protocols
on all senders.&nbsp; Not a good result coming out of an effort to =
create a
standard!</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I urge the participants on this list to consider the =
greater
good that will be borne from the wide adoption of Sender ID. &nbsp;This =
is a
good tool.&nbsp; The actions of the various parties involved are =
understandable
and reasonable.&nbsp; The license terms are workable and within the =
scope of
IETF standards and history.&nbsp; And it will have a positive effect on =
our
ability to reduce phishing and protect legitimate =
email.</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><em><b><i><font size=3D3 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>J. Trevor =
Hughes</span></font></i></b></em></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Executive Director</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>NAI</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>207 351 1500 (o)</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>207 351 1501 (f)</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><a =
href=3D"mailto:thughes@networkadvertising.org"><font
size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman"'>thughes@networkadvertising.org</span></font></a></span></font></p=
>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

</div>

</body>

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 14:44:36 2004
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Subject: Re: TECH-OMISSION:Submitter concept should be expanded to include
	Peristent User Accounts (PUA)
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To: Scott Kitterman <scott@kitterman.com>
Cc: "IETF MXCOMP (E-mail)" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 09:01, Scott Kitterman wrote:
> I wasn't sure to post this as a deployment issue, a DOC-BUG issue or a
> tech-omission issue, my apologies if this isn't the right one.
> 
> Currently it is very difficult for small domain owners, such as myself, who
> use a shared MTA to construct a record that will produce a pass result
> without also opening ourselves up to forgery from other legitimate (i.e. the
> MTA owner has authorized them to use the MTA) users of the shared MTA.  The
> reason for this is that virtually no shared MTA providers that allow domains
> other than their own in mail from or from restrict them at all.
> 
> This limitation applies equally to SPF classic as well.  In a recent
> discussion on this topic on the spf-discuss list (with ~1,000 subscribers)
> only one provider that would prevent cross-customer forgery was identified.
> The result of this is a record that looks like this (I'm using an
> abbreviated generic version of my SPF classic record since I haven't created
> a Sender-ID record - the point's the same either way):
> 
> "v=spf1 include:webmail.hostco.com ?a:relay.hostco.com ?mx
> ?include:isp.net -all"
> 
> There are three possible solutions to this problem that I can see:
> 
> 1.  Shared MTA providers only allow their customers to send e-mail from
> domains for which they have a legitimate right to do so.  I believe this
> would be very cumbersome for large providers to do.  How would they know
> what domains different users had access to?  If I use my hosting company's
> MTA, then they could know reasonably easily, but how about the ISP?  I can
> see this leading to a situation where MTA providers would only allow mail
> from domains they host.  That would cost people in situations like me
> redundancy.  I generally send through my hosting company's MTA, but if it's
> down, I can send via the ISP's MTA.  Combined with port blocking, this might
> also force small businesses to host their domains with their ISP.
> 
> 2.  Businesses that want to get a pass result need to set up their own
> dedicated MTA.  The reason that small busnisses don't do this now is they
> have neither the time nor the expertise.  This approach will no doubt result
> in even more poorly configured and inadequately maintained MTAs appearing on
> the internet.
> 
> 3.  Explicitly add a third possible source for submitter, the Persistent
> User Account (PUA).  This would allow providers of shared MTA services to
> add as a submitter the local (to the shared MTA) e-mail address of the user
> that submitted the message to the MTA.  This was discussed on the list in
> July.  Here is the start of the thread:
> 
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02633.html

A small business wanting to specify their "permitted or nominal"
outbound MTA servers, would not be concerned should the MTA receive the
reputation, where these servers are shared and administered by others. 
When an MTA is spoofing headers or not disabling abusive accounts, the
MTA reputation handles this problem directly.  It could be the
underlying problem is a compromise or misconfiguration of the MTA.  If
the headers are trustworthy, based upon knowing the reputation of the
MTA, then the origin of the mail can be determined by the headers. 
There is no need to add yet another field.

If the name of the MTA were authenticated, then listing the "permitted
or nominal" outbound servers would only require creating a name list,
and not require a redirected lookup or the repeated listings of
addresses that creates support issues and potentially high overhead for
mail recipients.  As example, the SPF records could become something
like:
  _mp._smtp.small-business.com. PTR hostco.com.
                                     PTR isp.net.
    
This does not require any additional lookups to determine what MTAs are
permitted to send mail on behalf of small-business.com nor does this
require keeping address records synchronized with the host addresses.  

A flag can indicate this list is to be considered comprehensive
(permitted) to enable rejection of mail not originating from MTAs having
a name from that does not include one of these top level domains.  If
the list is to be considered not comprehensive (normative), then only
when mail is coming from these prescribed MTA servers would the mail
receive a higher level of "certainty."

Including within the CSV-CSA record specification an indication that the
MTA relays multiple domains, could lower the "certainty" rating for mail
traveling through shared servers.  There could be another indication
that specifies all relayed mail is domain "restricted" meaning the MTA
checks to ensure only specific sources for a domain are allowed, to
restore the level of certainty.  In other works, it checks the policy
records for the mailbox domains.

The mailbox restrictions could be either the RFC2821 MAIL FROM or the
RFC2822 From.  A restriction on the RFC2822 From may be desired for
financial institutions for specific sub-domains as a means to offer
increased protection of these specific domains.  I expect most domains
would be happy using the SPF mode of only restricting the MAIL FROM. 

By limiting reputation to the MTA name, non-restricted mailbox domains
do not offer a means to exploit that domain.  A reputation service will
still be able to block mail from any domain of course, but it would be
at the channel level.  Reputation blocking needs a higher level of
certainty than that offered by examining just mailbox domains. 
Establishing a relationship with the MTA and the mailbox domain however,
enables the prevention of mailbox spoofing as an independent function of
reputation.  By keeping these function separate, the problems with a
shared MTA servers goes away.  By authenticating the name of the MTA,
reputation services are made much less expensive to maintain and polices
are easier to enforce.  By using the name of the MTA, a history can be
established and "new" names can be readily detected.   

-Doug



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Michel:

I'd say a more precise interpretation of the extracted sentences would
be:

"Think about the consequences of our actions.  Imagine what the world
will be like following a MARID abandonment of SenderID?"  You do not
have to be assimilated, but it seems unrealistic to believe that
SenderID will die.  It's a good technical solution for today.


--KEN




> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org 
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Michel Bouissou
> Sent: Thursday, September 02, 2004 10:19 AM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
> 
> 
> 
> Ken a écrit :
> >
> > I encourage the MARID working group, it's Chairs and the IETF to 
> > embrace SenderID and help to promote it as a standard.
> [...]
> > If the MARID chairs abandon SenderID, SenderID will not die.  
> > Microsoft will move forward with SenderID at MSN, HotMail, within 
> > Outlook and Exchange.  SendMail will move forward with 
> SenderID. [...]
> 
> What I read above is "Resistance is futile. You will be 
> assimilated.", or am I mistaken ?
> 
> Is it really the role of IETF to "follow what BigCompany 
> decides, because they'll do it anyway" ?
> 
> -- 
> Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E
> 
> 





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Ken <ken@savicom.net> wrote:
> Michel:
>
> I'd say a more precise interpretation of the extracted sentences would
> be:
>
> "Think about the consequences of our actions.  Imagine what the world
> will be like following a MARID abandonment of SenderID?"  You do not
> have to be assimilated, but it seems unrealistic to believe that
> SenderID will die.  It's a good technical solution for today.

Technically, there is far less of an issue. But what am I, and the thousands
like me, to do when I cannot implement the acknowledged good technology
because the maintainer of my MTA cannot incorporate it for non-technical
reasons?

The solution has to be technically sound AND deployable.

Peter




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Ken a écrit :
>
> Michel:
>
> I'd say a more precise interpretation of the extracted sentences would
> be:
>
> "Think about the consequences of our actions.  Imagine what the world
> will be like following a MARID abandonment of SenderID?"

Will it be that terrible ? Will the world collaYou are presenting things
as if there were no alternative, as if we were in a "Sender-ID or nothing"
situation.

But this is not the case. There are numerous possible alternatives, which
may be as efficient or possibly better than the (yet untested on a large
scale) Sender-ID.

Among them SPF-Classic, which has a true (presumably happy, at least, I
am) installed base, and is unencumbered.

> You do not have to be assimilated, but it seems unrealistic to believe
> that SenderID will die. It's a good technical solution for today.

I don't care whether it actually dies or not as a technical solution, but
I care that a "solution" that is encumbered in such way, and that serves
the interests of a single big company at the detriment of the rest of the
community, should never be raised to a "standard".

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E



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J. Trevor Hughes wrote:

> Even more has been said about the sub-licensing of Sender ID. While I 
> do acknowledge the concerns of many on this list, we feel that the 
> friction caused by sub-licensing is a worthwhile quid pro quo for the 
> greater value of broad implementation of an authenticated email 
> solution. Again, any attorney acting as counsel for a corporation 
> would seek such terms. They are neither surprising, nor objectionable.
>

They may not be surprising, but they are objectionable to a significant 
portion of the people who would be developing and implementing MARID.


> I do want to raise one issue that has not been discussed on MARID yet 
> (at least as far as I have seen). The eyes of the world are upon 
> industry at this time and great expectations have been created for 
> authenticated email technologies to emerge quickly and broadly. The 
> Federal Trade Commission recently issued a report to Congress and 
> strongly advocated for authenticated email solutions. They will be 
> holding a workshop on the topic later this fall. Failure to move 
> forward with Sender ID at this juncture will likely put us back at 
> least 6 months and perhaps more. Such a delay will only invite 
> interference from legislators and regulators. I certainly do not think 
> that is in the best interests on anyone!
>
Not true. SPF is more mature than Sender-ID.


> Finally, I want to share a dystopian vision of how things may play out 
> if we fail to move Sender ID forward. Multiple IP-based authentication 
> mechanisms will be a disaster for email. We run the risk of balkanized 
> ISP solutions – and the ensuing demands of multiple protocols on all 
> senders. Not a good result coming out of an effort to create a standard!
>

This is the most troubling issue that I forsee, I agree. However, I have 
to wonder why everyone who is pro-Sender-ID doesn't feel it necessary to 
try to pressure Microsoft into adopting SPF instead. To my mind, there 
are ZERO hinderences to Microsoft adopting SPF, but there are plenty of 
hinderences for most everyone else to adopt the encumbered Sender-ID.



> I urge the participants on this list to consider the greater good that 
> will be borne from the wide adoption of Sender ID. This is a good 
> tool. The actions of the various parties involved are understandable 
> and reasonable. The license terms are workable and within the scope of 
> IETF standards and history. And it will have a positive effect on our 
> ability to reduce phishing and protect legitimate email.
>

And I urge Microsoft to consider the greater good and drop their 
licensing requirements or else adopt SPF instead.




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I don't think that there is actually a license published. All that
Netscape provided was an offer to provide a license on terms that 
were not defined except with regards to cost.

I don't know which parties if any executed such an agreement, but
a patent certainly was issued.

Since we are talking about security we should be talking about
probabilities, not possibilities. Sure it is possible that Microsoft 
would decide to drop $5 million on a patent infringement lawsuit,
but it is not very likely that they would recover their legal
costs let alone expenses and in the process would cost themselves
a huge amount in bad PR.

> [Guillaume Filion]
> > I may be talking throught my hat, but reading the SSL patent 
> > license, I see
> > no restriction on redistribution.
> 
> I thought that all rights were reserved unless specifically 
> granted. If
> so, it would seem the SSL license grants NO rights to redistribute
> whatsoever. Perhaps I am wrong.
> 
> In any case, I cannot seem to find an "official" version of 
> this license
> on the netscape or AOL sites, so who the hell knows.
> 



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J. Trevor Hughes wrote:
> 
> Based on our review, the license terms have been deemed acceptable.  The 
> fact that pending patent claims are present is nothing new to the IETF.  
> Many RFCs have gone forward with IPR claims.  The issue should then 
> distill to whether the license presented is consistent with IETF 
> standards.  I believe that Microsoft has complied with, and indeed 
> exceeded, the standards.  The IETF has been notified of the IPR claims 
> and royalty-free, non-discriminatory license terms have been offered.  
> What more is required?
> 
>  

You are making a mistake. The main question the IETF considers in 
regards to the IPR is not "whether the license presented is consistent 
with IETF standards". It is rather described in section 5.3 of RFC 3669:
"  The issue is not whether a particular piece of
    technology is IPR-impacted -- we use IPR-impacted technology every
    minute.  The question is how much the IPR protection will limit the
    technology's usefulness in building a robust, highly useful Internet.
"

In this specific case, even though Microsoft may have satisfied the 
letter of the law so to speak, that might not be good enough. If the IPR 
protection will hinder deployment that "will limit the technology's 
usefulness". That is the main question and unfortunatly, the licensing 
as it stands now presents a significant deployment barrier to a sizable 
portion of the Internet community.

I urge you to reread RFCs 2026, 3667, 3668 and 3669.

>  
> 
> Even more has been said about the sub-licensing of Sender ID.  While I 
> do acknowledge the concerns of many on this list, we feel that the 
> friction caused by sub-licensing is a worthwhile quid pro quo for the 
> greater value of broad implementation of an authenticated email 
> solution.  Again, any attorney acting as counsel for a corporation would 
> seek such terms.  They are neither surprising, nor objectionable.
> 

If it hinders deployment, it is a problem even if it is "neither 
surprising, nor objectionable". I think that is the point that is hard 
to hammer through here - this is not a regular standard, and it requires 
much more committment and different handling, than anything any 
corporate lawyers have done before.

> 
> I do want to raise one issue that has not been discussed on MARID yet 
> (at least as far as I have seen).  The eyes of the world are upon 
> industry at this time and great expectations have been created for 
> authenticated email technologies to emerge quickly and broadly.  The 
> Federal Trade Commission recently issued a report to Congress and 
> strongly advocated for authenticated email solutions.  They will be 
> holding a workshop on the topic later this fall.  Failure to move 
> forward with Sender ID at this juncture will likely put us back at least 
> 6 months and perhaps more.  Such a delay will only invite interference 
> from legislators and regulators.  I certainly do not think that is in 
> the best interests on anyone!
> 

At this point its a catch-22. Not approving the standard will cause 
problem. But you should also take into account that *approving* it will 
cause problems as well. Deployment of this standard will not happen 
until both the commercial and FOSS sides have been satisfied. As much as 
some of us may hate it, but this is one area where the commercial world 
and the FOSS *must* work together.

Approval of the standard on the MARID WG level means nothing. The final 
approval rests with the IESG and that will still take time.  Any kind of 
approval or lack of therefore, will cause further friction among the 
parties, including possible appeals to the IESG and IAB.

It might come hard to believe to the commercial world, but the role FOSS 
software plays in the Internet architechture is larger than any other 
area today. Majority of the architechture is built on FOSS such as BIND, 
Apache, sendmail, etc. You cannot simply ignore it and hope it will go 
away. Both commercial and FOSS sides *must* be willing to negotiate on 
this issue, and work on this together. Otherwise, even if this standard 
is approved, and not deployed, it would be useless. And then the 
senators will jump in anyway.

Yakov



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Hash: SHA1

J. Trevor Hughes wrote:
<snip>
| I urge the participants on this list to consider the greater good that
will
| be borne from the wide adoption of Sender ID.
<snip>

Speaking *for* (in whatever capacity I may do so) the OSS community
members participating in this process I acknowledge everything you have
said and I agree with it, except for this part. My reasoning is
fundamental but IMHO if there are impediments at the licensing level
which affect Sender ID's adoption in open source software then when will
we see this "wide adoption" that you speak of? Thus far the clear answer
to that question is never. The redistribution issues caused by the
license are the direct root cause of this situation.

I am given to understand by communications from many sources that a
great deal of work is going on quietly, behind the scenes, trying to
work out this issue and I commend Microsoft for their willingness to
discuss them... that said we aren't there yet and I do not see how you
can believe that Sender-ID will be *widely adopted* given the current
license situation. What is the current installed base of the major
pieces of mail related open sourse software? I don't know and I dare say
that no one truly does but I *DO* believe that it would be more than
fair to say that the base is huge and represents a vast majority on
today's internet.

With regard to your position quoted above I remain wholly unconvinced
and would prefer that this body adopt SPF-Classic if the license terms
remain unchanged. It does what we need and it is unencumbered with IPR
issues so far as anybody knows! For my own part I have already
implemented SPF-Classic in production and have been running it for
months with nothing but positive effects.

- --
csm@moongroup.com, head geek
http://moongroup.com
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 15:35:12 2004
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Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: <mazieres@gmail.com>, "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
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On Wednesday, September 01, 2004 5:18 PM, mazieres@gmail.com wrote:

> On Wed, 01 Sep 2004 19:28:32 -0400, Yakov Shafranovich 
> <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
> > 
> > A few comments. First of all, we do not know whether the IPR claims 
> > extend to SPF classic or not.
> 
> You are correct that we don't know whether SPF or SPF2 is 
> covered by pending patent claims from Microsoft.  However, we 
> *do* know that any such claims are *not* covered by 
> Microsoft's license agreement.  Thus, even if we were to 
> adopt Sender ID as the standard, should Microsoft 
> subsequently be granted a patent covering the SPF2 record 
> format, it would no longer be possible to deploy Sender ID 
> without a new license from Microsoft.
> 
> If, at this point, sender ID were derailed by a patent from 
> Microsoft over SPF, I think this would pretty clearly 
> demonstrate bad faith on Microsoft's part.  Since we have 
> been instructed to assume good faith on the part of all 
> parties, I think this means operating under the assumption that:
> 
> 1) The pending patent rights granted by Microsoft's Sender ID 
> agreement are sufficient to deploy Sender ID (at least for 
> the subset of software authors who find the conditions of the 
> agreement acceptable), and therefore
> 
> 2) Microsoft does not have any pending claims over the SPF 
> record format.
> 
> So yes, anybody, even Microsoft, might have patent claims 
> that might prohibit just about any recommendation of the 
> MARID working group. 
> But we still have to make progress, and the best we can do is 
> deal with the most likely scenario, which is that Microsoft 
> probably has applied for patents, that the patents probably 
> cover the portions of Sender ID they have offered to 
> license--namely the pra and or core documents--and finally 
> that until we have more information, none of the MARID 
> proposals is any more or less likely to be affected by 
> third-party patent holders.

Our IPR disclosure filed with the IETF and available at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/microsoft-ipr-draft-ietf-marid-core.txt is
quite specific and covers the marid-core and marid-pra specs used in
combination.  That's all.  We do not, to the best of my knowledge, have
any IPR claims related to either marid-protocol, which describes the
SPF2 record format, or marid-submitter. 



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 15:42:56 2004
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Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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Hi Kevin,

I knew giving my short version humble opinion would raise more questions
than answers, not to mention my jet-lagged brain for the typo's.

To clarify, the purpose of this forum is not to discuss what software
Bell Canada plans to use to implement SenderID. If SenderID receives the
blessing of the IETF - we will create a plan to deploy it on Bell's
network. If you want to have an offline discussion on how/when we would
do this, I'd be more than happy to chat with you.

Most of the proposals have had limited testing, until we start to
support one standard as an industry - we'll remain in a holding pattern.
The holding pattern is a world where we turn our backs on phishing and
fraud.

Please allow me to rephrase my comment on Microsoft's support of the
protocol...Microsoft will help drive the adaptation, they won't act
alone. The open source community is one of the corner stones of the
Internet and never under estimate the power which they have over issues
such as this one.   

Thanks,

Jonathan



>-----Original Message-----
>From: Kevin Peuhkurinen [mailto:kevin.peuhkurinen@hepcoe.com] 
>Sent: September 2, 2004 1:06 PM
>To: Curtis, Jonathan (P010329)
>Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
>Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
>
>Hi Jonathan.   Thanks for your input.    You say that you are going to 
>recommend going forward with Sender-ID, even though it has 
>gone through 
>no real testing and has not been adopted as a standard yet.    Is your 
>recommendation based solely on the belief that Microsoft's 
>backing will ensure it's success despite the resistance from 
>the open source camp or do you feel that it is a superior 
>technology to, say, SPF?
>
>Also, I have noticed that the MTAs that Bell uses includes the GPL'ed 
>Exim and the ASL licensed InterMail.    Do you expect to have 
>to replace 
>these with Sendmail?
>
>Thanks,
>Kevin
>
>jonathan.curtis@bell.ca wrote:
>
>> >> 
>>  
>>
>>>I am sure that we can come up with multiple conspiracy theories for 
>>>this. For now, lets stay above the fray and assume that perhaps 
>>>Microsoft was acting in good faith.
>>>Descending into conspiracy theories will not make this any 
>better, and 
>>>quite the opposite, will make the entire discussion appear 
>>>unprofessional.
>>>
>>>Microsoft knows what the issues are, they are receiving 
>comments from 
>>>multiple people and sources. The decision on the license is 
>upto them.
>>>The decision on the standard on the other hand is upto the us.
>>>
>>>Yakov
>>>
>>>
>>>    
>>>
>>
>>IMHO...(short version)
>>
>>I will recommending that we move forward with the implementation of 
>>SenderID within Bell Canada (over 35,000 domains) as I believe the 
>>licensing component has zero to do with the technology and cost of 
>>implemention. The support that Microsoft will generate over night for 
>>this solution will drive global adoptation - something this 
>solution is 
>>going to need to be successful.
>>
>>
>>Jonathan
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>  
>>
>




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Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Ken
> Sent: Thursday, September 02, 2004 2:27 PM
> To: 'Michel Bouissou'; ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
>
>
>
> Michel:
>
> I'd say a more precise interpretation of the extracted sentences would
> be:
>
> "Think about the consequences of our actions.  Imagine what the world
> will be like following a MARID abandonment of SenderID?"  You do not
> have to be assimilated, but it seems unrealistic to believe that
> SenderID will die.  It's a good technical solution for today.

So is SPF Classic, but without encumberances.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085



>
>
> --KEN
>
>
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> > [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Michel Bouissou
> > Sent: Thursday, September 02, 2004 10:19 AM
> > To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> > Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID
> >
> >
> >
> > Ken a écrit :
> > >
> > > I encourage the MARID working group, it's Chairs and the IETF to
> > > embrace SenderID and help to promote it as a standard.
> > [...]
> > > If the MARID chairs abandon SenderID, SenderID will not die.
> > > Microsoft will move forward with SenderID at MSN, HotMail, within
> > > Outlook and Exchange.  SendMail will move forward with
> > SenderID. [...]
> >
> > What I read above is "Resistance is futile. You will be
> > assimilated.", or am I mistaken ?
> >
> > Is it really the role of IETF to "follow what BigCompany
> > decides, because they'll do it anyway" ?
> >
> > --
> > Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E
> >
> >
>
>



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> This is completely incorrect.  This would be true for a breach of
> contract case (or also a tort case), but not here.  In the case of
> someone taking or duplicating something without a license, it's piracy.

Pirating a freely available, open source solution that was written by
another party and simply had some IP that MSFT may or may not even own would
be hard piracy to battle.  There's no loss on MSFT's part.  Heck, the
solution provider could have acquired the license themselves (I'm sure
sendmail and other OSS systems and all commercial email providers would have
no trouble sending in the free fax).

While I don't doubt the actual law as you are suggesting, the key question
is what would MSFT really do.  Again, since the "license" costs nothing and
is given to all parties without bias, the loss of having a license wouldn't
impact MSFT at all.

>   And there are statutory damages available for both piracy and
> malactions against intellectual property (in fact the latter is
> precisely on what our "register your domain for trademark protection to
> sue spoofers" service is founded - showing actual damage in these cases
> can be difficult - which is precisely why there are statutory damages
> available).

Again, the IP argument would hold if they sold the IP.  When you give it
away freely, it's pretty hard to defend that you were harmed by a user who
downloaded sendmail and it contained infringing code.  It would be hard
enough to prove the the user of the software even knew about it.  And the
remedy would be a simple fax.  Why would MSFT spend legal dollars after they
have said they want it to be a freely deployed standard?

> Even if they did have to show damages, it would be easily done by the
> loss of ability to track who is using their product, and, by extension
> then, who may be diluting it by altering it and still distributing it
> as a "Microsoft product" (and if not as a "Microsoft product", then we
> get to areas of infringement).

But this isn't MSFT's product at all.  There's no copyright on the code
itself (such as within sendmail)  MSFT would not own any of that code.  And
right now, MSFT doesn't even have such a patent, so the license is only to
give you permission in case they get the patent.

But this pressure is good because I do believe that MSFT will come up with
something more open.  It's in their best interests and there's really
nothing for them to gain since they are giving it away anyway.  While smart
(and therefore unlikely to be done by a bunch of IP attorneys at a big
monopoly), they'd simply request the group/organization/company that
DEVELOPS code that uses the IP should acquire the free license and then
allow them to distribute it to all users without further obligation.  After
all, that's how ALL OTHER IP is ever handled when it's integrated inside a
computer system.  It's rare for the software manufacturer to require each of
its users to acquire separate licenses from a variety of vendors that may
have known IP within their own code.

Harry



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 15:58:06 2004
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Although I have more than once made my opinion clear, I am now doing
this in a format that will hopefully meat with the last call
requirements and as such will be taken into account by the chairs.

While I do believe SenderID would be a step in the right direction, I
don't think it's an appropriate standard. I say this because I have
doubts about the legal repercusions implementation for me would have, as
well as doubts about the technical issues. Senderid is not the only
proposal, and surely not technologically superior to the other
proposals. In particular, I think Unified-SPF is far more promising than
senderid.

I have serious problems with the legal entanglements that cloud over
SenderID. I am an active developer for sendmail patches for one of the
popular SPF-Classic and SRS implementations, and I'm looking into other
MTA's that do not have an compiled-in spf implementation yet.

As an implementor, I presumably would have to sign the license to be
able to implement SenderID. I have studied the license, read the
discussions on this list and other lists, and still am not exactly sure
what my rights are and what microsoft's rights are. What I do know, is
that microsoft will use their large funds to squash any serious
competition. 

A particular example of how microsoft does so is a recent ruling by the
Dutch court against Lindows Inc (http://zdnet.com.com/2100-1104_2-5151087.html) . Although I am not all in favour of how
Lindows (or Linspire as it is now called) does business, I'm quite
appauled that microsoft has succesfully blocked the sale of linspire
in The Netherlands. This is only one of the incidents which make me
doubt that microsoft will not mis-use their licenses and patents for the
same purpose: squashing competition. 

Having a party sign the license might give microsoft the power to revoke
the license if competition is becoming more than a very minor annoyance. The anology of 'signing a pact with the devil' seems appropriate enough to me: you get the immediate benefit of being able to implement senderid, but you don't know what bad things hang over your head until it's time for microsoft to 'cash in on the pact'.

It is already common knowledge that microsoft's initial reaction to spf was
to sue it to a silent death. Furthermore, microsoft is even now
claiming sender-id as their own invention, not acknowledging the IETF,
not acknowledging Meng Weng Wong. 

Eg, http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/08/31/HNspammerstudy_1.html
claims that 'New technology for identifying the sender of e-mail
messages has not been widely adopted despite backing from software giant
Microsoft Corp.'. It is to me obvious this refers to SPF, which is
being deployed despite microsoft's attempts to frustrate development.

I can get more url's by just browsing back in the archive of the
spf-discuss list, where skepticism about microsoft's intentions is not
considered an 'emotional reaction'. Let the facts speak for themselves.

I have doubts about all of this, however if I have to find a lawyer to
clear this up for me, the fun is off. I will not be able to develop for
senderid. If that is the case, I will also not publish senderid records
on my own domains or the domains of customers and neither will I install
software that checks senderid records.

Note that this is not a rant against microsoft, this is a enumeration of
a number of facts which have helped form my opinion about microsoft. It
seems foolish to ignore these (and all the other) facts, even though
we've been promised all this past behaviour is not representative of how
microsoft will act in regard to senderid. I have seen _no_ evidence that
microsoft will not continue the trend it has been setting for years.

Furthermore, the fact that senderid does not protect me against 2821
forgery is also a barrier to me deploying the standard.

Now there are two roads that could be taken from that observation:
senderid could be extended by 2821 checking, or a 2821 checking proposal
can be extended to also check 2822 entities. The former is, for reasons
stated above, not my preffered option. The latter, however, is
promising. SPF-Classic is already widely deployed, and extension of
SPF-Classic to 2822 entities by ways of Unified-SPF seems very
promising.

I truly hope that

1. The IETF/MARID will come to it's senses and consider the overwhelming
amount of statements that senderid is undeployable except by the
fortune-500 companies, or at the least has a serious problem with
development and distribution outside the world of commercial,
closed-source software.

2. Development of SPF-Unified will be continued by Meng Weng Wong and
Mark Lentczner, and will be picked up by the ever-growing spf community.
I for one, considering myself a member of that community, will put my
resources into making Unified SPF a reality if senderid continues to be
surrounded by all the fog.

Koen Martens

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
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From: Jonathan Gardner <jonagard@amazon.com>
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Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 12:39:53 -0700
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Thursday 02 September 2004 08:58 am, jonathan.curtis@bell.ca wrote:
>
> I will recommending that we move forward with the implementation of
> SenderID within Bell Canada (over 35,000 domains) as I believe the
> licensing component has zero to do with the technology and cost of
> implemention. The support that Microsoft will generate over night for
> this solution will drive global adoptation - something this solution is
> going to need to be successful.
>

Jonathan, I believe that Bell can successfully implement Sender ID, and sign 
whatever agreements need to be signed with Microsoft ot license their 
patent (pending, yada yada yada).

However, the problem isn't with individual email service providers who don't 
use open source software to run their email services. It is with those 
people who use major Linux and BSD distributions to run their email 
services.

Take the example of a small company that hosts their own email services in 
house. Their email server is installed with a standard Linux or BSD 
distribution. For the sake of argument, let's take my situation at my home 
business.

I run Red Hat Fedora Core 1 on my server. While I am able to download, 
compile, and install additional software, I prefer not to on my email 
server. The reason is that I need the updates that flow through the 
channels. I need the testing and the configuration that others have put 
into the distribution. It's also much easier to use the software management 
system (in this case, RPM and Yum) that comes with the distribution. 
Therefore, my policy is not to install anything that is not part of the 
standard distribution. In fact, I favor sendmail over the other MTA servers 
because it is the default and has a larger base, and it thus gets more 
testing and more configuration documentation is available on the internet.

I probably won't be able to maintain a Sender ID compliant MTA. At best, I 
would have to download additional RPMs from a licensed distributor. That's 
not a big problem. The big problem comes with whether or not there is a 
large enough number of people doing the same thing. I need to rely on their 
testing and their configuration experience in setting up my experience. 
Since this software will have to be downloaded seperately, it will never 
get a large installed base among Fedora users. But also consider the extra 
time it takes to locate the package and find the right one, or the one with 
the latest updates. That can be a problem, and it will at the very least 
take some time, and at worst, take a lot of time. That's time I don't have 
to spend right now.

I admit that I am using the SPF milter software available in RPM form. 
However, I haven't been able to upgrade recently because compatibility with 
my fedora core installation has become an issue. So I haven't upgraded for 
some time. Unlike Sender ID, SPF stands a very good chance of becoming part 
of the distribution itself, and perhaps part of the default MTA 
installation. Because it isn't right now, that is harming the adoption of 
SPF being incorporated into the MTAs on Fedora.

If the Sender ID technology could be incorporated into the Fedora 
distribution, it will get a much larger user, and thus, testing base. More 
documentation will be available. Also, if it is part of the default MTA 
installation, more people would use it, and it would become the de facto 
standard for Fedora users. The same is true for any other distribution.

- -- 
Jonathan M. Gardner
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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Harry Katz wrote:

| Our IPR disclosure filed with the IETF and available at
| http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/microsoft-ipr-draft-ietf-marid-core.txt is
| quite specific and covers the marid-core and marid-pra specs used in
| combination.  That's all.  We do not, to the best of my knowledge, have
| any IPR claims related to either marid-protocol, which describes the
| SPF2 record format, or marid-submitter.

Harry,
~         Thank you veeeeeeeeeeeeeeerrrrrry much for this! This is the
clearest statement I have seen yet about what's covered in the Patent
App and a clear signal to me that I've been right about what I've been
saying about SPF. THANK YOU!

- --
csm@moongroup.com, head geek
http://moongroup.com
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Harry Katz wrote:
> Our IPR disclosure filed with the IETF and available at
> http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/microsoft-ipr-draft-ietf-marid-core.txt is
> quite specific and covers the marid-core and marid-pra specs used in
> combination.  That's all.  We do not, to the best of my knowledge, have
> any IPR claims related to either marid-protocol, which describes the
> SPF2 record format, or marid-submitter. 
> 

Your IPR disclosure does not stop IPR claims coming later on. What I am 
wondering if whether your lawyers can provide a written statement 
stating with absolute certainty that no other drafts are affected. I 
contacted your legal department back in March of 2004 on this. I still 
did not receive a "no" on this.

Yakov



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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:

> This is the most troubling issue that I forsee, I agree. However, I have
> to wonder why everyone who is pro-Sender-ID doesn't feel it necessary to
> try to pressure Microsoft into adopting SPF instead. To my mind, there
> are ZERO hinderences to Microsoft adopting SPF, but there are plenty of
> hinderences for most everyone else to adopt the encumbered Sender-ID.

^Microsoft^the Internet at large

SPF and Sender ID solve different problems.  Sender ID authenticates the
message, SPF authenticates the channel.  While channel authentication is
useful for some purposes, message-based authentication of something the
end-user can see is much more desirable to many senders and recipients to
control spoofing of user-visible headers.

In that regards, the Sender ID technology presents the best IP-based
message authentication I have seen, and can provide an immediate benefit
to a large majority of message paths.  In the long run, a crypto-based
solution for message authentication is of course the best solution, and we
are all working on those as well.

When we start discussing channel authentication then we should compare SPF
and CSV, but SPF doesn't solve the immediate problems of header spoofing
that I want to address right now.

-Rand



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>>>>> "Hallam-Baker," == Hallam-Baker, Phillip <pbaker@verisign.com> writes:

    Hallam-Baker,> The patent is held by Netscape (AOL) and covers
    Hallam-Baker,> transport layer security. The terms are
    Hallam-Baker,> considerably more vague than in the SenderID
    Hallam-Baker,> case. Netscape does not promise to offer a
    Hallam-Baker,> sublicensable patent or even to offer reasonable or
    Hallam-Baker,> non discriminatory terms.

Hmm, I guess we won't be seeing STARTTLS support in OSS MTAs any time
soon then... :-)

     -roy



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[Kevin Peuhkurinen]
>To my mind, there are ZERO hinderences to Microsoft 
>adopting SPF, but there are plenty of hinderences 
>for most everyone else to adopt the encumbered 
>Sender-ID.

SPFv1 does not address email header forging at all. So SPFv1 does very
little to prevent forging of the "from" addresses seen by the user in
99% of MUAs. SPFv1 therefore does very little to prevent phishing scams.
This is why Microsoft came up with CallerID for email, and why Meng and
MS decided to merge the best parts of SPF and Caller ID into SenderID
approaches.

So yes, there are very big hinderances to MS and everyone else adopting
SPF classic - it doesn't solve a big part of the email forging problem.

Even "Unified SPF" still defines the PRA algorithm for use in verifying
mail headers, and therefor is also incumbered by the Microsoft IP.

--
Ryan



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  A close look at the openssl package bundled with Fedora Core 2 from
Red Hat reveals that the patents in question appear to cover MDC-2,
IDEA, RC5, and EC.  All of these are disabled (i.e.: not even built) in
the Fedora Core 2 version of openssl.  There is a even a short comment
section at the top of the 'hobble-openssl' script with some patent
numbers and expiration dates.
  So the patent question is answered to my satisfaction regarding SSL in
at least Fedora Core 2.  I don't know what other FOSS operating systems
do, but if they do what some are doing with MP3 then they are risking
litigation by the patent holders.  That is their choice.  Why anyone
would hold that choice up as an example of what people think is okay is
a stretch.  Nor do I think it is advisable for this working group to
force FOSS developers into the position of making this choice.  Those
that make that choice with respect to MP3 and SSL may be just taking a
calculated risk.  No one knows until someone asks.
  There is also the question of GPL compatibility and SSL.  I see no
reason why SSL as a standard would not be, provided that the patented
algorithms are not implemented.  It is apparent from the Fedora Core 2
package that they are not needed, anyhow.
  But when it comes to the licensing of OpenSSL and the linking of GPLed
applications with it, the FAQ included with OpenSSL states what I
expected it would:

...
[LEGAL] Legal questions
...
* Can I use OpenSSL with GPL software?
...
* Can I use OpenSSL with GPL software?
                                                                                
On many systems including the major Linux and BSD distributions, yes (the
GPL does not place restrictions on using libraries that are part of the
normal operating system distribution).

On other systems, the situation is less clear. Some GPL software copyright
holders claim that you infringe on their rights if you use OpenSSL with
their software on operating systems that don't normally include OpenSSL.
                                                                                
If you develop open source software that uses OpenSSL, you may find it
useful to choose an other license than the GPL, or state explicitly that
"This program is released under the GPL with the additional exemption that
compiling, linking, and/or using OpenSSL is allowed."  If you are using
GPL software developed by others, you may want to ask the copyright holder
for permission to use their software with OpenSSL.
...

  Hence the motivation for GNUTLS.

  Between the patented algorithms being disabled in OpenSSL (at least on
Fedora Core 2) and the development of GNUTLS, I'd say the FOSS community
is pretty proactive in solving problems like this when they are known. 
Which is why many are opposed to this Sender-ID patent license.  We
don't want another one that we need to work around, particular one that
may not be possible to work around.

--
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets




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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 12:31:54 -0700, Harold A'Hole <madman@myeastside.com> wrote:
> 
> Pirating a freely available, open source solution that was written by
> another party and simply had some IP that MSFT may or may not even own would
> be hard piracy to battle.  There's no loss on MSFT's part.  Heck, the
> solution provider could have acquired the license themselves (I'm sure
> sendmail and other OSS systems and all commercial email providers would have
> no trouble sending in the free fax).

Do you have much experience with patent cases?  I don't think you need
to show actual monetary damages either to recover statutory damages,
or to get an injunction against further infringing activities.  Also,
as I've made clear in previous messages, sending in the "free fax" is
not so easy if you work for a university.

That said, since several people are so sure Microsoft would never
pursue this kind of case, I'm wondering if anyone out there would be
interested in indemnifying me against patent suits by Microsoft for
distributing a Sender-ID-compliant SMTP server?  In exchange for
signing a legal agreement, I'll be glad to give you an unlimited,
non-exclusive, royalty free, and even sublicensable right to use, copy
and distribute a very cool SMTP server.

Before you indemnify me, though, you might want to take some history
into account.  Remember that Microsoft didn't use to be a very
litigious company at all.  Then one day they decided it was in their
strategic interest to enforce their patent rights on video codecs. 
Who knows what's going to happen in the next 20 years?  Is it really
so hard to imagine a scenario in which, say, a popular open-source
mail server uses a small but highly effective extension of Sender ID
to thwart spam, and Microsoft believes distribution of this software
is not in their strategic interest?  (Remember, the license only
allows strict compliance with the standard.)



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At 19:50 31/08/2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

>  On Saturday, August 28, 2004 at 7:56 PM,  Ólafur Guðmundsson wrote 
> (about DNS record types):
> > The fundamental difference between your position and mine is
> > you: want everyone to be compliant at all times.
> > me: Specify clearly fully compliant state and tolerate non compliance
> >      during phase-in.
>
>This is the crux of the disagreement.  However, there are at least two 
>relevant phase-in periods:
>
>1.  In the first phase-in, mail senders begin to publish records, and 
>those mail senders who need to begin to add additional headers.
>
>2.  In the second phase-in (more relevant to this discussion), people with 
>"challenged" DNS implementations begin to publish and/or query for the new 
>record type.
>
>The problem is that the first phase-in lasts months, but the second 
>phase-in lasts many years. (As I mentioned previously, it's at least 10 
>years before the number of installed Microsoft OS's with lousy DNS 
>implementations becomes small enough to ignore.)
>
>So, given that Ólafur's "short term" isn't in fact short, my point still 
>stands.  Require (MUST) TXT records and encourage (SHOULD) new record types.

I disagree: we are designing a protocol for use on the Internet,
as explained to your colleague before on this mailing list in:
         http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg01853.html
your set up its classified as "not being on the Internet" as you are
sitting behind a broken middle box.
IMHO we need to document protocols in such a way that it is clear
the middle box is the BROKEN component. That is what the current
text does.

A number of working groups have faced a similar issues before, whether
to include constants placed by exiting limited functionality middle boxes
in the protocol or to force updates. In every case I have seen so
far the WG's have gone with "update or no play".

There are number of other possible solutions then just upgrading
all of your infrastructure.  Those include:
   +     placing a modern DNS recursive caching server inside your
         firewall and query it instead off what you're querying now.
         (I'm aware of at least 5 different ones that pass unknown types
         that are available today including one from Microsoft).

   +     another alternative it is to use a more modern Windows DNS library
         than you are using today.

In short there are other ways to quickly overcome your current bad
design. If fighting SPAM is important to this particular organization
we have to assume that they are willing to make changes to take
advantage of SPF records sooner than in 10 years.

Its counterproductive to keep harping on the same points that had
been rebutted number of times both on the mailing list and in the
working group meeting in San Diego. Unless other members off the
working group come forward and say they had the same problem there
is no need to tune a protocol around somebody's bad implementation
choice!


>Ólafur also worries that if we go this route, there will never be a time 
>when publishing only an SPF2 record becomes acceptable.  This isn't 
>necessarily so.  There are two possible futures:
>
>a. "Challenged" DNS implementations get fixed over time, and more and more 
>people come to query/use SPF2 records.  Eventually, a new standards action 
>requires the new record type and deprecates use of TXT records.
>
>b. "Challenged" DNS implementations continue to be plentiful over 
>time.  In this case, we'd sure look stupid of we followed Ólafur's approach.

Below (in PS) is a simple script that uses nslookup to check if your
host can get unknown types from my DNS server. Just open
Command Prompt window and after typing "nslookup" paste this text,
if the output scrolls over many pages, you get unknown types.


>Assuming that we go with MUST for TXT records now, I submit that a 
>built-in opportunity to revisit the issue is when SenderId is considered 
>for advancement from Proposed Standard to Draft Standard or Internet 
>Standard.  Should upgrades to DNS servers proceed faster than the 
>standards track, it's not hard to convene a working group to reconsider 
>this issue.

process issue: changing the SHOULD and MUST around will likely require
that the documents be recycled at proposed standard.

         Olafur

PS: Commands for nslookup to check if a query will return UNKNOWN types.
----cut here--
set debug
set type=txt
set class=chaos
version.bind.
set type=any
set class=in
set domain=test.ogud.com.
ssh
unknown
--- end of cut ---

First this script attempts to get version information from server.
Then it queries for all types at two names, one contains SSHFP RR that
was defined this year (not yet an RFC) but type code allocated.
The second name is contains lots of records of different types and
results in a 782 byte answer. If the only RR you see is the TXT Record
then you are behind one of the evil bad Middle boxes.

Feel free to send me the results of running this nscommand or
the corresponding Unix shell script at this link:
         http://stora.ogud.com/DNSSEC/unkown/unknown-types-script.sh
Here is the Nslookup command sequence:
         http://stora.ogud.com/DNSSEC/unkown/nslookup.cmds








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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 12:51:15 -0700 (PDT), Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> wrote:
> 
> SPF and Sender ID solve different problems.  Sender ID authenticates the
> message, SPF authenticates the channel.  While channel authentication is
> useful for some purposes, message-based authentication of something the
> end-user can see is much more desirable to many senders and recipients to
> control spoofing of user-visible headers.

I agree that SPF and Sender ID solve slightly different problems, but
saying one authenticates the channel and the other the message is a
bit of a simplification.  (If anything, domain keys actually
authenticates the message.)

It's not any easier for the end-user to see one than the other.  In
one case, the MUA has to extract the envelope sender from the
SPF-Received header, in the other case, the MUA has to select one of
the From, Sender, Resent-From, or Resent-Sender headers to highlight. 
Patent claims aside, neither seems particularly hard to implement in
an MUA.  But that issue is somewhat irrelevant, because last I checked
the M in MARID stands for MTA and the charter says, "The primary
current use case for this facility is to allow recipient MTAs to
confirm that peer MTAs' actions are authorized by specific domains or
networks."  Sure, if the MTA can determine this, it can and should let
the end user know, but the main point here is not end users.

What I'd really like to hear about is an actual usage scenario in
which a message author (say a bank sending out statements) actually
requires Sender ID, and could not get the same effect with
SPF-classic.  Basically there are outsourcing scenarios where in
Sender ID you have to publish a TXT record in DNS, and with
SPF-classic you either have to publish a CNAME or a TXT and MX record.
 But so what?  The mechanisms are different, but the effects are the
same.

David



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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 13:07, mazieres@gmail.com wrote:

> Before you indemnify me, though, you might want to take some history
> into account.  Remember that Microsoft didn't use to be a very
> litigious company at all.  Then one day they decided it was in their
> strategic interest to enforce their patent rights on video codecs.=20
> Who knows what's going to happen in the next 20 years?  Is it really
> so hard to imagine a scenario in which, say, a popular open-source
> mail server uses a small but highly effective extension of Sender ID
> to thwart spam, and Microsoft believes distribution of this software
> is not in their strategic interest?  (Remember, the license only
> allows strict compliance with the standard.)

*cough* FAT32 and flash disks *cough*

Cheers,

James

--=20
James Couzens,
Programmer
                        ^                            ( ( (     =20
      ((__))         __\|/__        __|+|__        '. ___ .'   =20
       (00)           (o o)          (0~0)        '  (> <) '   =20
---nn-(o__o)-nn---ooO--(_)--Ooo--ooO--(_)--Ooo---ooO--(_)--Ooo---
http://libspf.org -- ANSI C Sender Policy Framework library
http://libsrs.org -- ANSI C Sender Rewriting Scheme library
-----------------------------------------------------------------
PGP: http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=3Dget&search=3D0x7A7C7DCF


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Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
From: Ryan Ordway <ryan@nwgeeks.com>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: "J. Trevor Hughes" <jthughes@maine.rr.com>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 12:08, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> J. Trevor Hughes wrote:
> > 
> > I do want to raise one issue that has not been discussed on MARID yet 
> > (at least as far as I have seen).  The eyes of the world are upon 
> > industry at this time and great expectations have been created for 
> > authenticated email technologies to emerge quickly and broadly.  The 
> > Federal Trade Commission recently issued a report to Congress and 
> > strongly advocated for authenticated email solutions.  They will be 
> > holding a workshop on the topic later this fall.  Failure to move 
> > forward with Sender ID at this juncture will likely put us back at least 
> > 6 months and perhaps more.  Such a delay will only invite interference 
> > from legislators and regulators.  I certainly do not think that is in 
> > the best interests on anyone!

...

> It might come hard to believe to the commercial world, but the role FOSS 
> software plays in the Internet architechture is larger than any other 
> area today. Majority of the architechture is built on FOSS such as BIND, 
> Apache, sendmail, etc. You cannot simply ignore it and hope it will go 
> away. Both commercial and FOSS sides *must* be willing to negotiate on 
> this issue, and work on this together. Otherwise, even if this standard 
> is approved, and not deployed, it would be useless. And then the 
> senators will jump in anyway.

	Well said. I would also pose the question, what
percentage of the arguable majority of deployed SMTP
servers that run FOSS MTA software do so as a direct
result of said FOSS MTA being distributed with the
FOSS Operating System that they run on (some form of
GNU/Linux, *BSD, etc.)? 

	In the US it's an election year and I'm sure
that there are legislators on both sides of the aisle
that would love to add "Spam Slayer" to their political
resumes. You can rest assured that there will be
interference from legislators irregardless of SenderID's
being adopted or not. It might explain the apparent
hurry to push this standard, ANY standard, through
despite the IPR issues.

	Ryan

-- 
HELO, my name is root... you have SIGKILLed my father... prepare to vi!



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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 12:51, Rand Wacker wrote:
> On Thu, 2 Sep 2004, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
> 
> > This is the most troubling issue that I forsee, I agree. However, I have
> > to wonder why everyone who is pro-Sender-ID doesn't feel it necessary to
> > try to pressure Microsoft into adopting SPF instead. To my mind, there
> > are ZERO hinderences to Microsoft adopting SPF, but there are plenty of
> > hinderences for most everyone else to adopt the encumbered Sender-ID.
> 
> ^Microsoft^the Internet at large
> 
> SPF and Sender ID solve different problems.  Sender ID authenticates the
> message, SPF authenticates the channel.  While channel authentication is
> useful for some purposes, message-based authentication of something the
> end-user can see is much more desirable to many senders and recipients to
> control spoofing of user-visible headers.
> 
> In that regards, the Sender ID technology presents the best IP-based
> message authentication I have seen, and can provide an immediate benefit
> to a large majority of message paths.  In the long run, a crypto-based
> solution for message authentication is of course the best solution, and we
> are all working on those as well.
> 
> When we start discussing channel authentication then we should compare SPF
> and CSV, but SPF doesn't solve the immediate problems of header spoofing
> that I want to address right now.

I have introduced the MPR draft to illustrate how to arrive at either
the SPF level of RFC2821 MAIL FROM as well as the RFC2822 From building
upon the CSV standard.  This also overcomes problems of the
indeterminate DNS overhead, replication of DNS addresses, "open" lists
creating spam exploits, and removes an ability to hide listing by way of
macros.  One fundamental difference is the treatment of reputation as a
separate function from that of mailbox domain to outbound server
association.

-Doug




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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 13:01, Ryan Malayter wrote:
> [Kevin Peuhkurinen]
> >To my mind, there are ZERO hinderences to Microsoft 
> >adopting SPF, but there are plenty of hinderences 
> >for most everyone else to adopt the encumbered 
> >Sender-ID.
> 
> SPFv1 does not address email header forging at all. So SPFv1 does very
> little to prevent forging of the "from" addresses seen by the user in
> 99% of MUAs. SPFv1 therefore does very little to prevent phishing scams.
> This is why Microsoft came up with CallerID for email, and why Meng and
> MS decided to merge the best parts of SPF and Caller ID into SenderID
> approaches.
> 
> So yes, there are very big hinderances to MS and everyone else adopting
> SPF classic - it doesn't solve a big part of the email forging problem.
> 
> Even "Unified SPF" still defines the PRA algorithm for use in verifying
> mail headers, and therefor is also incumbered by the Microsoft IP.

I have introduced the MPR draft to illustrate how to arrive at either
the SPF level of RFC2821 MAIL FROM as well as the RFC2822 From building
upon the CSV standard to achieve the same goals as both SPF and
Sender-ID.  This does not use the PRA algorithm, as it expects From
restriction to be made for exceptional uses.  This also overcomes
problems of the indeterminate and potentially very high DNS overhead,
replication of DNS addresses, "open" lists creating spam exploits,
dangers of harm by misapplication of reputation, and removes an ability
to hide listing by way of macros.  One fundamental difference is the
treatment of reputation as a separate function from that of mailbox
domain to outbound server association.

-Doug




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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

> > [If the IETF were to abandon it]
> > SenderID will die.  It's a good technical solution for today.
>
> So is SPF Classic, but without encumberances.

And which solves a different problem.

-Rand



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It might be worth bringing back into the discussion that the standard
consists of 4 parts.  The framework (core) and the SPF record definition
provides benefits for everyone and we should encourage their adoption by
the IETF.  The PRA algorithm is one of many schemes that receivers might
choose to authenticate a sender.  Receivers can decide what
authentication schemes work and are reasonable to license.  The PRA
algorithm is specifically targeted at phishing.  If Microsoft changes
the rules of the game for the PRA, receivers can and will move to a new
scheme. Yahoo's domainkeys attack the same problem with a solution that
is ultimately better but requires more effort to deploy.  SenderID is a
good first step, it is the core and the record definitions that will out
live the individual authentication schemes that use them.  If people
feel the core is too encumbered then we might need to restart with the
original work done by Meng and Mark.  It would be unfortunate if we
can't use the current momentum.
=20
At Ironport we support 5 out of the top 10 ISP and many of the F500.
These companies want additional layers of defense.  We will support our
customers and implement some kind of receiver side authentication, based
on SPF records.  SenderID is just a first step, Meng has proposed a
unified SPF where the PRA is just one of the authentication schemes in
the stack.
=20
Getting the framework and the record type standardized should be the
focus of the working group.  As both Philip Hallam-Baker and Yakov
Shafranovich have eloquently discussed, the larger philosophical issues
should be debate in a broader community forum.
=20
Craig Taylor
VP, Technology
Ironport System

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	charset="us-ascii"
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1458" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D757101218-02092004>It might be=20
worth bringing back into the discussion that the standard consists of 4=20
parts.&nbsp; The framework (core)&nbsp;and the SPF record definition =
provides=20
benefits for&nbsp;<SPAN class=3D863510321-02092004>everyone </SPAN>and =
we should=20
encourage their adoption by the IETF.&nbsp; The PRA algorithm is one of =
many=20
schemes that receivers might choose to authenticate a sender.&nbsp; =
Receivers=20
can decide what authentication schemes work and are reasonable to =
license.&nbsp;=20
The PRA algorithm is specifically targeted at phishing.&nbsp; If =
Microsoft=20
changes the rules of the game for the PRA, receivers can and will move =
to a new=20
scheme.&nbsp;Yahoo's domainkeys attack the same problem with a solution =
that=20
is&nbsp;ultimately better but requires more effort to deploy.&nbsp; =
SenderID=20
is</SPAN><SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004> a good first step, it is the =
core and=20
the record definitions that will out live the individual authentication =
schemes=20
that use them.&nbsp; If people feel the core is too encumbered then we =
might=20
need to&nbsp;restart with the original work done by Meng and Mark.&nbsp; =
It=20
would be unfortunate if we can't use the current=20
momentum.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D757101218-02092004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004>At =
Ironport we=20
support 5 out of the top 10 ISP and many of the F500.&nbsp; These =
companies want=20
additional layers of defense.&nbsp; We will support our customers and =
implement=20
some kind of receiver side authentication, based on SPF records.&nbsp; =
SenderID=20
is just a first step, Meng has proposed a unified SPF where the PRA is =
just one=20
of the authentication schemes in the stack.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D757101218-02092004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Getting the=20
framework and the record type standardized should be the focus of the =
working=20
group.&nbsp; As both <SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004>Philip=20
</SPAN>Hallam-Baker<SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004> and Yakov =
Shafranovich have=20
eloquently discussed<SPAN class=3D863510321-02092004>,</SPAN> t</SPAN>he =
larger=20
philosophical issues should be debate in a broader community=20
forum.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D757101218-02092004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004>Craig=20
Taylor</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004>VP,=20
Technology</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D757101218-02092004>Ironport=20
System</SPAN></FONT></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------_=_NextPart_001_01C49131.1695CFF6--



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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 mazieres@gmail.com wrote:

> What I'd really like to hear about is an actual usage scenario in
> which a message author (say a bank sending out statements) actually
> requires Sender ID, and could not get the same effect with
> SPF-classic.

I've talked to numerous large banks and consumer-oriented companies -- big
ones, the kind that run ads on TV -- and they've done the analysis on
their customer email address lists that a large majority (more than 50%)
go only one hop to large ISPs that don't allow forwarding, and to large
enterprises that discourage such.  So, for these sites, a majority of
their customers will be very well served by accurately authenticating the
From: address which is shown in their MUA *today*.  This is something that
SPF-classic can not provide today.

Another use case has to do with changes forwarders have to make so that
they don't create false positives.  The 2822 header additions required by
Sender ID are much less invasive than the 2821 MAIL FROM rewriting (SRS)
that SPF Classic requires, and the Sender ID changes do not change the
well understood and sometimes depended on MAIL FROM bounce address.

What still needs to be done is assess what types of paths either of these
solutions might break (I like that CSV doesn't have the potential to do
that).

-Rand



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On Thursday, September 02, 2004 at 1:09 PM, Ólafur Guðmundsson wrote:
> I disagree: we are designing a protocol for use on the Internet,
> ... your set up its classified as "not being on the Internet"

In other words, you're willing to pretend the problem doesn't exist, by declaring that everyone with the problem isn't on the Internet.

The real issue here is that this technology isn't useful unless almost all mail senders publish records.  Telling people that they can't publish before upgrading software (and changing vendors too) means that they just won't publish.

> Its counterproductive to keep harping on the same points that had
> been rebutted number of times both on the mailing list and in the
> working group meeting in San Diego.

My recollection of the meeting in San Diego was that the consensus favored what the protocol-02 draft said, which is quite different from the current draft.

> Below (in PS) is a simple script that uses nslookup to check if your
> host can get unknown types from my DNS server.

Here are results (debugging output removed for brevity) from my run of your script:

C:\projects> nslookup
Default Server:  red-dns-01.redmond.corp.microsoft.com
Address:  157.55.254.211

> set debug
> set type=txt
> set class=chaos
> version.bind.
Server:  red-dns-01.redmond.corp.microsoft.com
Address:  157.55.254.211
*** red-dns-01.redmond.corp.microsoft.com can't find version.bind.: Not implemented
> set type=any
> set class=in
> set domain=test.ogud.com.
> ssh
Server:  red-dns-01.redmond.corp.microsoft.com
Address:  157.55.254.211
*** red-dns-01.redmond.corp.microsoft.com can't find ssh: Non-existent domain
> unknown
Server:  red-dns-01.redmond.corp.microsoft.com
Address:  157.55.254.211
*** red-dns-01.redmond.corp.microsoft.com can't find unknown: Non-existent domain
> ^Z

In other words, I'm behind one of your "evil, bad middleboxes". The only way to access your DNS server is through the Windows APIs, not by directly sending DNS packets.

The point is that many other people are too.  If the goal is interoperation, we need to take these people into account.


-- Jim Lyon



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From: "Mark C. Langston" <mark@bitshift.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: In support of SenderID
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On Thu, Sep 02, 2004 at 02:09:09PM -0700, Craig Taylor wrote:
>  
> Getting the framework and the record type standardized should be the
> focus of the working group.  As both Philip Hallam-Baker and Yakov
> Shafranovich have eloquently discussed, the larger philosophical issues
> should be debate in a broader community forum.


Then let's approve just -core and -protocol and ditch the PRA document.
Since Microsoft's IPR is supposedly only for the combo of -core AND
-submitter, there should be no encumbrance on -core or -protocol in
isolation.

I'd be fine with that.

...unless the argument then becomees that -core and/or -protocol may
also be encumbered, at which point I say scrap them all and start over
with SPF-Classic.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org>
Subject: RE: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 15:27:47 -0600
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Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
>To my mind, there are ZERO hinderences to Microsoft
>adopting SPF, but there are plenty of hinderences
>for most everyone else to adopt the encumbered
>Sender-ID.

Ryan Malayter:
>SPFv1 does not address email header forging at all. So SPFv1 does very
>little to prevent forging of the "from" addresses seen by the user in
>99% of MUAs. SPFv1 therefore does very little to prevent phishing scams.
>This is why Microsoft came up with CallerID for email, and why Meng and
>MS decided to merge the best parts of SPF and Caller ID into SenderID
>approaches.

SPF protects envelope forging correctly. SenderID doesn't.

While SPF doesn't prevent forging of 2822 addresses seen by 99% of MUAs, the
same could be said of SenderID. I don't know of any MUAs which display the
PRA as described by SenderID.

So, either way, it means upgrading all the MUAs. IMHO, if we are going to
upgrade the MUAs to prevent phishing, we should look towards a stronger
crypto/signing solution, not the flimsy solution provided by SenderID.

Michael R. Brumm



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From: "Ong, Bruce" <bong@verisign.com>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: [Deploy] VeriSign's support of Sender ID 
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 14:39:36 -0700 
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I write as the technical product manager for VeriSign's Email Security
Services to express our support for Sender ID.

VeriSign's Email Security Service is a MX filtering based, managed
anti-spam/anti-virus service. We announced our intention to support Sender
ID when we first launched our service in June of this year
(http://www.verisign.com/verisign-inc/news-and-events/news-archive/us-news-2
004/page_005051.html). 

We see Sender ID as a good, easy to implement solution to stop email domain
spoofing, and an important first step towards truly authenticating the
sending party. We are looking forward to seeing the finalized Sender ID
specification from IETF, and plan to integrate and deploy Sender ID checking
in our managed anti-spam service in our infrastructure to benefit our
customers.

Bruce Ong
Sr. Product Manager
Authentication and Email Security Services
Verisign Inc.
+1.650.426.3232 (w)
+1.650.426.5195 (f)



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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 17:09, Craig Taylor wrote:

[snip]
 
>   As both Philip Hallam-Baker and Yakov Shafranovich have eloquently
> discussed, the larger philosophical issues should be debate in a
> broader community forum.

  Disagree with this final statement, but only insofar as it implies
that it *shouldn't* be discussed here.  Yes, those larger issues should
be discussed in a broader community forum, but we have a problem here:
this WG is in its last call stage.  These issues need to be discussed
here at least with respect to how they relate to these proposals and the
IPR problems embedded in them.
  And given that last call is only two weeks, I have to believe that if
the co-chairs haven't put a stop to this discussion by now, (with the
period more than half over), then they have spoken simply by their
silence.  The co-chairs have put a stop to this type of discussion
earlier, but now that we are in last call, I've seen no such postings
from them asking that the discussion be taken elsewhere.
--
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



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In <792DE28E91F6EA42B4663AE761C41C2A02CEB896@cliff.bai.org> "Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org> writes:

> [Hallam-Baker, Phillip]
>>The patent is held by Netscape (AOL) and covers transport layer 
>>security. The terms are considerably more vague than in the SenderID
>>case. Netscape does not promise to offer a sublicensable patent or
>>even to offer reasonable or non discriminatory terms.

The terms "reasonable" and "non descriminatory" of RAND are almost
meaningless.  


>
> Very interesting. If OpenSSL can be included in Linux distributions, why
> can't SenderID? 
>
> The SSL license would seem to have tproblems with the GPL similar to
> those that the SenderID license does.

The problem isn't the patents, the problem is the license.  It is the
terms of the licenses that make the SenderID patent license
incompatible with the GPL and causes folks like sourceforge need a
license in order to redistribute the senderid-milter.


The OpenSSL TLS patent and license dates 1996 or 1997.  It is hard to
even dig up information to refresh my memory about this issue.


I think this is all a red herring though.  The question before this
working group is not what has been done in the past, but whether the
costs associated with the SenderID license are more than offset by the
benefits of using the patented PRA algorithm when compared with other
proposals that are not encumbered.  Since I believe that there are
unencumbered alternatives to the PRA algorithm that are *better*, the
cost of the license would have to be negative.



-wayne




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In <792DE28E91F6EA42B4663AE761C41C2A02CEB944@cliff.bai.org> "Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org> writes:

> [Kevin Peuhkurinen]
>>To my mind, there are ZERO hinderences to Microsoft 
>>adopting SPF, but there are plenty of hinderences 
>>for most everyone else to adopt the encumbered 
>>Sender-ID.
>
> SPFv1 does not address email header forging at all. So SPFv1 does very
> little to prevent forging of the "from" addresses seen by the user in
> 99% of MUAs. SPFv1 therefore does very little to prevent phishing scams.
> This is why Microsoft came up with CallerID for email,

Yeah, but SenderID doesn't protect the From: header in any critical
situation.  It protects the nearly invisible Resent-Sender: header.



>                                                        and why Meng and
> MS decided to merge the best parts of SPF and Caller ID into SenderID
> approaches.

I have had lots of conversations with Meng and his usual reason for
supporting the merger was because he felt that MS would promote
deployment.  He is now very actively promoting Unified-SPF.

> So yes, there are very big hinderances to MS and everyone else adopting
> SPF classic - it doesn't solve a big part of the email forging problem.

SPF-classic goes a long way of solving the forging of the
2821.MAILFROM identity.  SenderID does not do much of anything to
solve the problem of forging the 2822.From: identity.


> Even "Unified SPF" still defines the PRA algorithm for use in verifying
> mail headers, and therefor is also incumbered by the Microsoft IP.

And the PRA part of Unified-SPF is optional.


-wayne



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I also support SenderID. 

I do not believe the IP issues regarding the PRA algorithm are
unsolvable; either the MS license can be changed to facilitate OSS
deployment, or a nonincumbered algorithm with similar effectiveness to
PRA can be found and substitiuted.

RFC-2822 authentication is my organization's primary need (and that of
our customers: banks). Sender ID solves this problem more neatly than
other solutions I have seen proposed in MARID. SPFv1 does not address
RFC-2822 authentication at all, and is therefore only marginally useful
to my organization.

Ryan Malayter
Bank Administration Institute
Chicago, Illinois, USA







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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:

> While SPF doesn't prevent forging of 2822 addresses seen by 99% of MUAs, the
> same could be said of SenderID. I don't know of any MUAs which display the
> PRA as described by SenderID.

As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from large
commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.

Due to the fact that there will be a small number of messages that *will*
take multiple forwarding or other hops, IP-based authentication of headers
won't work for those with existing mail clients, and all IP auth solutions
have the potential of causing false positives if the interim forwarding
hops aren't upgraded.

For this reason, it may end up being the case that Sender ID can not
reliably prevent spoofing for messages that take complex paths; but there
is some solace in that these complex paths are usually managed by the
*receiver*.

SPF, while authenticating something that does not give you a positive
value for the first case I stated, also has the potential to change a very
fundamental part of the mail channel in trying to work around the problem
of the second case.

(And yes Dave Crocker, I am simplifying the "one hop" idea in my first
paragraph, but from what I've seen so far it looks like that idea holds
for large Enterprise-to-ISP or ISP-to-ISP communication in a majority of
cases :)

-Rand



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[wayne]
>Since I believe that there are unencumbered alternatives 
>to the PRA algorithm that are *better*, the cost of the 
>license would have to be negative.

Please share them... I haven't read all of the non-sender-ID MARID
drafts, and a lot of the list posts. The volume is just too high. 

What algorithm out there would be more effective than PRA at validating
the true sender of an email from the headers? And is not covered by the
MS IP?

Thanks,
	Ryan



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Chuck Mead writes:

> I am given to understand by communications from many sources that a
> great deal of work is going on quietly, behind the scenes, trying to
> work out this issue and I commend Microsoft for their willingness to
> discuss them... that said we aren't there yet and I do not see how you
> can believe that Sender-ID will be *widely adopted* given the current
> license situation.

I don't know how actually willing is Microsoft, but I do know that many 
respected F/OSS community members have been trying to lobby behind the 
scenes, for which I commend them.

However, I am 100% certain that Microsoft will never accept F/OSS-compatible 
licensing terms, and the lobbying efforts will not succeed. I believe their 
only purpose is so that everyone can truthfully say that they tried their 
best.

Repeated calls on this mailing list for Microsoft to adopt F/OSS-compatible 
licensing terms will not do anything.  This is not going to happen.



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Harold A'Hole writes:

> While I don't doubt the actual law as you are suggesting, the key question
> is what would MSFT really do.  Again, since the "license" costs nothing an=
d
> is given to all parties without bias, the loss of having a license wouldn'=
t
> impact MSFT at all.

Ummm, MSFT can certainly sue for an injunction prohibiting the F/OSS 
developer from using patented IP without a license.

Since, as you've acknowledged, the F/OSS developer is not likely to have the=
 
financial resources for a protracted fight, and challenging the patent, 
Microsoft's legal expenses will be rather minimal.

Do you think that there would be any value for Microsoft in blocking a 
competing F/OSS implementation of Sender-ID?

Hhhhhhhmmmmmmm?

> enough to prove the the user of the software even knew about it.  And the
> remedy would be a simple fax.  Why would MSFT spend legal dollars after th=
ey
> have said they want it to be a freely deployed standard?

Lol!

Like Microsoft never spent money on anti-F/OSS legal actions, directly and 
indirectly, before=E2=80=A6


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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  2 19:13:43 2004
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Alternatives are in fact available, but those who know about it can not 
share it right now since WG chairs have requested that until last call is
completed that people on this list evaluate current drafts that are based
on Sender-ID proposal. And I believe we should respecct WG chairs and IETF
process if we want to produce solution that IETF will be able to adopt as 
standard, though what has been going on here for last week, really does 
not look anything close to "last call" and that is not good for this WG.
But be assured that SenderID algorithm and PRA is not the only DNS based 
client ip authorization system that can be used to authenticate email 
origin as listed in RFC2822 headers. 

However please do respect the hard work that has been done by all members 
of this WG (no matter what company they work for) for last several months
and evaluate the proposed drafts based on technical elements and not 
merely on the IPR issues. Besides, your technical evaluation may also 
proove quite usefull for any other future WG proposal as well.

On Thu, 2 Sep 2004, Ryan Malayter wrote:

> 
> [wayne]
> >Since I believe that there are unencumbered alternatives 
> >to the PRA algorithm that are *better*, the cost of the 
> >license would have to be negative.
> 
> Please share them... I haven't read all of the non-sender-ID MARID
> drafts, and a lot of the list posts. The volume is just too high. 
> 
> What algorithm out there would be more effective than PRA at validating
> the true sender of an email from the headers? And is not covered by the
> MS IP?
> 
> Thanks,
> 	Ryan

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/




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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 14:20:14 -0700 (PDT), Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> wrote:
> On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 mazieres@gmail.com wrote:
> 
> I've talked to numerous large banks and consumer-oriented companies -- big
> ones, the kind that run ads on TV -- and they've done the analysis on
> their customer email address lists that a large majority (more than 50%)
> go only one hop to large ISPs that don't allow forwarding, and to large
> enterprises that discourage such.  So, for these sites, a majority of
> their customers will be very well served by accurately authenticating the
> From: address which is shown in their MUA *today*.  This is something that
> SPF-classic can not provide today.

Wait a sec... surely you don't claim that Sender ID can authenticate
anything with MUAs today.  I agree that in single-hop scenarios, mail
won't be rejected by Sender ID.  However, nothing stops forgery of the
From: header by viruses or spammers.  If I add a "Resent-Sender:
virus@com" header, today's MTAs are still going to display the
unauthentic "From: whatever@mybank.com" header.

Anyway, are MUAs really within scope here, in a working group about
MTA authentication?

My challenge remains... describe a concrete scenario that requires
Sender ID, and that could not achieve the same effective result with
SPF-classic.  Vague references to banks don't convince me any more,
because I've thought through concrete scenarios, and in every case, if
you specify what needs to be sent to whom, and what the attacker is
trying to do, you'll see that SPF-classic is basically as powerful as
Sender ID.  Once you throw end users into the fray, you'll find that
in either case you need to make small modifications to the MUA, but
neither modification is particularly hard to do.

David



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Subject: RE: The SSL license offer.
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 2004 16:12:44 -0700 
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> In <792DE28E91F6EA42B4663AE761C41C2A02CEB896@cliff.bai.org> 
> "Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org> writes:
> 
> > [Hallam-Baker, Phillip]
> >>The patent is held by Netscape (AOL) and covers transport layer 
> >>security. The terms are considerably more vague than in the SenderID
> >>case. Netscape does not promise to offer a sublicensable patent or
> >>even to offer reasonable or non discriminatory terms.
> 
> The terms "reasonable" and "non descriminatory" of RAND are almost
> meaningless.  

I bet that I could define terms that you would intersubjectively 
agree to be unreasonable and discriminatory.


> The problem isn't the patents, the problem is the license.  It is the
> terms of the licenses that make the SenderID patent license
> incompatible with the GPL and causes folks like sourceforge need a
> license in order to redistribute the senderid-milter.
> 
> The OpenSSL TLS patent and license dates 1996 or 1997.  It is hard to
> even dig up information to refresh my memory about this issue.

But the terms were never even published.



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Not really technical, but more technical than editorial...

Just to reiterate a point I made prior to last call (which got no
feedback, positive or negative).

The SUBMITTER parameter was fine as a working name (as was FRED, DAVE,
and all the rest of the names) but now that we're all in agreement
that the name of the identity in question is the PRA, the obvious name
for the parameter to identify the PRA is "PRA".

    MAIL FROM:<foo@bar> PRA=<baz@qux>

is far more natural than the SUBMITTER alternative.

	-roy



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In <Pine.LNX.4.44.0409021533250.15101-100000@sokol.elan.net> "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net> writes:

> Alternatives are in fact available, but those who know about it can not 
> share it right now since WG chairs have requested that until last call is
> completed that people on this list evaluate current drafts that are based
> on Sender-ID proposal.


I have given Ryan a short answer offlist, but this restriction on
discussing alternatives kind of puts us in a catch-22.

I can understand the reasons why the co-chairs don't want the extra
destractions, but RFC3669 talks about comparing with alternatives.  If
I discuss alternatives, I will get in trouble with the co-chairs.  If
I don't discuss the alternatives, people who have come in late to the
game will likely think that there is no choice but to accept SenderID.


-wayne



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I would like to adopt Sender-ID support into the open source Postfix
MTA.  However, Postfix Sender-ID deployment is practical only if
Postfix developers, (re)distributors and users are comfortable with
the Sender-ID licensing agreement.

In order to make Sender-ID adoption practical for Postfix, the
licensing conditions would need to change so that no license
application is required to modify, (re)distribute, or use the PRA
algorithm for the purpose of email Sender-ID authentication, in
source or binary form.

It would be desirable, but not necessary, that I can implement and
distribute Postfix source code with Sender-ID support, without
having to apply for a PRA license.

It is entirely acceptable if Microsoft wants to maintain control
over other uses of their patent, should their application succeed.

Having gone to similar pains when Postfix was released before IBM
had developed an open source release process, I wish the people at
Microsoft all the best in their efforts to get the license issues
straightened out.

        Wietse Venema



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Apologies if this is a dupe...

I always get this wrong when I'm not thinking, but a field is a single
(logical) line in the header of a message; the header is the entire
set of fields -- a message has only one header.

In all the documents, there's a general need to do

	s/header/field/

However in some cases 'header field' may be necessary to give context.

Also there's a need to spot the cases where 'headers' is used to mean
the entire header of the message, where it should be replaced by
'header' rather than 'fields', eg in section 1 of -pra 'the headers of
the message' should be 'the header of the message'

       -roy



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"Ryan Malayter" confused my by declaring:


> 
> 
> I also support SenderID. 
> 
> I do not believe the IP issues regarding the PRA algorithm are
> unsolvable; either the MS license can be changed to facilitate OSS
> deployment, or a nonincumbered algorithm with similar effectiveness 
> to PRA can be found and substitiuted.
<snip>


Er, Ryan,

This is the 'final call' on the tabled Sender-ID drafts.

The licence IS what Microsoft says it is, the algorithm IS the encumbered PRA.

The chairs have another three days or so in which to judge the concensus.

I can't work out if you for or against these specific drafts. 


Chris Haynes



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In <792DE28E91F6EA42B4663AE761C41C2A02CEB99F@cliff.bai.org> "Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org> writes:

> I also support SenderID. 
>
> I do not believe the IP issues regarding the PRA algorithm are
> unsolvable; either the MS license can be changed to facilitate OSS
> deployment, or [....]

This makes no sense.

There is *zero* reason to believe that if MS wins IETF approval of the
current license that they will change later on.  MS has been under a
lot of preasure for months and they really have barely budged on the
critical issues even when it is clear they risk getting approval.

> [...]       or a nonincumbered algorithm with similar effectiveness to
> PRA can be found and substitiuted.

What you are saying here is that we wouldn't be accepting SenderID!


So, if you are willing to accept something other than SenderID, why
don't you demand a better license *before* it gets approved?


-wayne



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On Sep 2, 2004, at 6:12 PM, Ryan Malayter wrote:

> Please share them... I haven't read all of the non-sender-ID MARID
> drafts, and a lot of the list posts. The volume is just too high.
>
> What algorithm out there would be more effective than PRA at validating
> the true sender of an email from the headers? And is not covered by the
> MS IP?

Wayne has been very politely obeying the wishes of the co-chairs not to 
wonder in that direction.  Do not hold it against him.  If you think 
the volume is high now, adding this to the mix will certainly not help. 
  Besides, at this moment I doubt such a conversation would end in 
agreement.

-andy



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I'd like to support the various proposals for modifying the syntax of
the version specified so that 'pra' isn't hardwired.  However, I'd
rather propose a more neutral term than 'ver-scope' or 'scope' as has
been previously proposed.  I'd prefer 'ver-token'; these tokens may be
useful for things other than defining scopes (the SPF term for
identities to verify).  At this point we don't need to decide what we
think the extension mechanism will be used for, we just have to
provide an extenstion mechanism.

I would propose that the BNF in -protocol 3.4.1 be replaced with
something on the lines of:

 version        = "spf2." ver-minor [ / ver-token-list ]
 ver-minor      = 1*DIGIT
 ver-token-list = ver-token *("," ver-token)
 ver-token      = *SOMECHAR  ; don't really care, but obiously must exclude ","

The following text then needs to become:

   Only records that begin with a proper version section are
   considered.  The version section contains two parts that are for
   backward compatible future extensions: the ver-minor and
   ver-token-list fields.  These fields of the version must be
   well-formed for a record to be considered.  The vir-minor field is
   otherwise ignored, and the ver-token-list field is considered as
   described in the following paragraphs.

   If there is only one record with a proper version section, it is
   selected.  If there are two such records, one TXT and one SPF2 RR,
   then the later MUST be selected.  If two or more such records exist
   of the same RR type, then check_host() exits immediately with the
   error "PermError".

   If the optional ver-token-list field is present in the selected
   record, and one (or more) of the ver-tokens have the value "pra",
   then the selected record is used as described in this document.
   Otherwise check_host() exits immediately with the error
   "PermError".



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On Wednesday, September 01, 2004 2:49 PM, mazieres@gmail.com
[mailto:mazieres@gmail.com] wrote:

> On Wed, 1 Sep 2004 09:55:52 -0700, Harry Katz 
> <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com> wrote:
>
> > Second as per the terms of the license itself, End Users who are 
> > recipients of a licensed implementation of Sender ID and
distributors 
> > who are redistributing a branded licensed implementation do not need

> > to separately sign this License Agreement.
> 
> I understand your the point about End Users, but could you 
> clarify how the license exempts distributors?  Specifically, 
> my concern is that while section 2.1 allows indirect 
> distribution of object code, section 2.2, which applies to 
> source code, does not.

Section 2.2 references 2.1 in a way that makes it permissible to
"indirectly" distribute the source code versions of the Licensed
implementations too.  In other words, if you're redistributing a
licensed branded implementation - either source or binary - you don't
need to execute the license agreement.



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Roy Badami wrote:

> The SUBMITTER parameter was fine as a working name (as was FRED, DAVE,
> and all the rest of the names) but now that we're all in agreement
> that the name of the identity in question is the PRA, the obvious name
> for the parameter to identify the PRA is "PRA".
>
>     MAIL FROM:<foo@bar> PRA=<baz@qux>
>
> is far more natural than the SUBMITTER alternative.

I was more than happy even using the existing ENVID for this purpose. ;)
Something like:

Mail from: <original@sender> ENVID=<forwarding@entity>

Then we could have all used it tomorrow. I know, that is not what RFC 1891,
section 5.4, meant it for; but it would have been fine by me. :)

- Mark



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I'm tending to the opinion that the words 'non-empty' should simply be
deleted from section 2 of -pra.  They seem to serve no purpose other
that to add complexity, and for all the header fields in question,
empty field bodies are illegal, and I don't believe they are prevelent
in the wild.

If they must remain, then the wording should be made more accurate, ie

 "Locate the first non-empty Resent-Sender header in the message."

should become

 "Locate the first Resend-Sender field in the message that has a
 non-empty field body"

and similarly for the other references.



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Of course, what I wrote allows

   spf2.0/pra,mailfrom ...

and

   spf2.0/mailfrom,pra ...

to be both recognized by -protocol.

But it forbids having two records

   spf2.0/pra ...
   spf2.0/mailfrom ...

Of rather, if both such records exists, then neither would be used by
-protocol.

It seems cleaner to define it as I propose, but I don't have strong
feelings on disallowing multiple spf/2.x records as long as only one
of them has the "pra" token.  I can see that the alternative approach
may have merit, too...

    -roy
 



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Back on July 1, I posted a message with the subject "Obstacles between
us and the finish line".  I posted an updated to it two weeks later.
I decided to go back and post another updated.

The first two messages message can be found here:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02476.html
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02651.html


> Deadlines for this working group are rapidly approaching.  According
> to Andy's recent post, we have about 2 weeks (until 07/18) to finish
> things up.


For those who don't remember, 7/18 was the first deadline for MS to
fix the license.


> In my (oh so very humble) opinion, I see the following obstacles in
> the way:
>
> 1) Proposals must have solid I-Ds
>
> 2) Proposals must have working code
>
> 3) Proposals must have been tested on real world data
>
> 4) Proposals must have IP licensing terms that allow for use in both
>    commercial and GPLed MTAs.
>
> 5) Proposals must not have gratuitous incompatibilities with an
>    installed base.
>
>
> I have said from very early on that I think we may well need more than
> one RFC to handle the various identities.  To be quite honest, I don't
> care if we have a dozen overlapping proposals, I think the market can
> easily decide which are useful.
>
> As such, I see the following proposals that may be considered:
> SPF-classic, CSV, Sender-ID and Unified-SPF.
>
> It appears to DMP, FSV, and Caller-ID are no longer being pushed by
> anyone.
>
>
> I'm going to go over all the proposals in a sec, but I think I should
> make a few comments on the requirements.
>
> 1) solid I-Ds:  Proposals must have been gone over with many eyes,
> especially with developer's eyes when they are trying to implement the
> proposal.  I think it is far too late to do anything with a proposal
> other than use it to implement code and make adjustments based on that
> experience.
>
> 2) working code, and 3) testing, I think are pretty obvious.
>
> 4) IP licensing:  I'm not dogmatic about the GPL or commercial
> licenses, but there are significant MTAs and mail filters that fall
> under both kinds of licenses, and several others to boot.  I think
> that any proposal that has incompatible IP licensing needs to be
> dropped.

Sadly, in response to this post back in July, Ted Hardie (the IETF
Area Director for this WG), told us to stop worry about IP licensing
issues.  I believe the mess we are in right now is a direct result of
this.  Instead of getting the IP licensing issue resolved *much*
earlier on, we now have a crisis and a no-win situation.


> 5) Incompatibilities:  Proposals such as SPF have a significant install
> base and doing things like moving the location of the TXT records,
> dropping macros, or using a different RR, etc. make no sense to me and
> will likely run into a buzz saw with SPF adopters.
>
>
>
> Ok, so how do the current proposals stack up?
>
>
> ****   SPF-classic   ****
>
> 1) solid I-D:  Yes
> It was supposed to have been submitted as an experiemental RFC, but I
> don't know the status. 
>
> 2) working code:  Yes
> Lots of working code in fact.  New announcements of commercial
> products using SPF a couple of times a week.
>
> 3) Tested:  Yes
> It is being used to check millions of emails per day.
>
> 4) IP Licensing:  No problems
>
> 5) gratuitous incompatibilities:  None.
>
>
> I think SPF-classic should certainly be *one* of the proposals put
> forth by this working group.

I think it is really too bad that SPF-classic was not *one* of the
proposals.  It would have made our live much easier right now.


> ****   CSV   ****
>
> 1) solid I-D:  pretty good
> To the best of my knowledge, no one has tried to implement code based
> on it, but it appears to have been well reviewed by a fair number of
> people.  I think there is time to get implementation experience if the
> backers hurry.

Better I-Ds have been put forward, but I know of no change on the
implementation experience part.


>
> 2) working code:  none
>
> 3) testing:  none
>
> 4) IP Licensing:  No problems
>
> 5) gratuitous incompatibilities:  None.
>
>
> I think that CSV could be one of the proposals, if its backers quickly
> start creating working code and doing testing.

I think it is kind of funny that CSV has made it on the WG TODO list,
but neither SPF-classic nor Unified-SPF did.


> ****   Sender-ID   ****
>
> 1) solid I-D:  No
> I have looked again at the draft-ietf-marid-core-01.txt I-D, and
> frankly, it is not even close to being in a state worth commenting on.
> It is hugely incomplete and incompatible with SPF, which it tries to
> be compatbile with.  I can't see it becoming solid in the next couple
> of weeks.

The SenderID I-Ds have been much improved since July, but I think
there are still a lot of rough edges.


> 2) working code:  none
> In particular, the PRA and SUBMITTER are both on paper only.

There is now some working code for the PRA, but none for SUBMITTER.  

> 3) testing:  none
> I requested results of the PRA algorithm the first day that the
> Caller-ID spec was proposed to this working group.  I made a point of
> raising the issue at the interim meeting.  In the many months since
> then, nothing has been forth coming.  I am getting seriously worried
> about this.

Ok, a little small-scale testing has been done on the PRA now, but the
results have only shown that it doesn't work very well.


> 4) IP Licensing:  problems
> It appears that the Sender-ID's license is incompatible with the GPL.
> This could, in theory, be fixed very quickly, but the issues of IP
> disclosure and licensing problems has been known since before the
> interim meeting and nothing has been done.

Woah.  Here we are two months later and *STILL* nothing has been done.


> 5) gratuitous incompatibilities:  None.
> In theory, the only incompatiblity is that it tries to use existing
> SPF records for 2822 checks.  Since SPF records were published with
> the idea that they would be used for 2821.FROM and 2821.HELO, there
> could be problems.

Ah, gratuitous incompatibilities have been introduced with the change
of the version number.


> In practice, there are many incompatiblities with the current
> Sender-ID spec and the SPF spec.
>
>
> While Sender-ID appears to be the RFC-apparent for this WG, I have
> very serious doubts that it will be in any shape to be advanced before
> the deadlines.  I am beginning to think this proposal should be
> dropped as the backers of key parts appear to be moving way too
> slowly. 

Well, Sender-ID wasn't in shape to make the deadline of 7/18, so the
deadline was moved.  


> ****   Unified-SPF   ****
>
> 1) solid I-D:  fuzzy
> As Dave Crocker pointed out in a message earlier today, there is no
> Unified-SPF I-D.  This needs to be fixed ASAP or this proposal must be
> dropped.  Fortunately, the differences between SPF-classic and
> Unified-SPF are small enough that I think I-Ds could be written fairly
> quickly and yet remain pretty solid.
>
> 2) working code:  none
>
> 3) testing:  none
>
> 4) IP Licensing:  No problems
>
> 5) gratuitous incompatibilities:  None.
> The Unified-SPF proposal needs to make some changes to the SPF records
> in order to support the various scopes that it tries to cover.  This
> can be solved several ways.
>
>
> I think that Unified-SPF has a chance to be a solid proposal, but the
> I-Ds need to be written and the changes to the SPF-classic code needs
> to be tested.
>
>
>
> ****   DMP   ****
>
> Ok, I said DMP isn't being pushed by anyone, but I'll list it anyway
>
> 1) solid I-D:  Yes
>
> 2) working code:  Yes
>
> 3) testing:  Yes
>
> 4) IP Licensing:  No problems
>
> 5) gratuitous incompatibilities:  None.
>
>
> I think that DMP is in far better shape than most of the other
> proposals that appear to be much more likely to advanced by this
> working group.  *boggle*
>
>
> Right now, I would say that SPF-classic and DMP are the only proposals
> that are ready for RFC consideration.  For backers of other proposals:
> you have two weeks to finish.


I wish I could say we have come a long way, but I don't think we have.



-wayne



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Ryan Malayter wrote:
> SPFv1 does not address email header forging at all. So SPFv1 does very
> little to prevent forging of the "from" addresses seen by the user in
> 99% of MUAs. SPFv1 therefore does very little to prevent phishing scams.
> This is why Microsoft came up with CallerID for email, and why Meng and
> MS decided to merge the best parts of SPF and Caller ID into SenderID
> approaches.

Michael R. Brumm wrote:
> SPF protects envelope forging correctly. SenderID doesn't.
>
> While SPF doesn't prevent forging of 2822 addresses seen by 99% of MUAs,
the
> same could be said of SenderID. I don't know of any MUAs which display the
> PRA as described by SenderID.

Rand Wacker wrote:
> As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from large
> commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
> commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.

The problem with SenderID I mentioned is that most of the other PRA fields
(besides From:) are invisible in most MUAs, and therefore allow forgers to
spoof the From field anyway. The solution to this problem is, of course,
upgrading MUAs to display the PRA field. But according to Ryan, SenderID's
improvement over SPF was that MUAs didn't need to be upgraded.

I'm not sure how the number of hops or the business model used by the MTAs
affects this.

In any case, if we are talking about upgrading MUAs en-masse to combat 2822
header forging and phishing, then I think the only good solution is
cryptography and signing. However, this is probably outside the scope of
MARID.

Michael R. Brumm



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Subject: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?
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I'm wondering, since there has been talk about displaying the SenderID PRA
in MUAs, would Microsoft's patent claims and licensing apply to MUAs also? I
imagine that the steps used by an MTA to extract the PRA for evaluation
would be the same as the steps used by an MUA to extract the PRA for
display...

If licensing FOSS MTAs are problematic with SenderID, I'd imagine that FOSS
MUAs would greatly compound the problem.

Michael R. Brumm



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From: "Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: DEPLOY: Sender-ID provides little or no defence against adaptive threats
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One of the problems with this  attempted 'fast tracking' of Sender-ID is that,
AFAICT, there has been no systematic catalog made of the threats against which
Sender-ID is supposed to defend, and no analysis of its ability to defend
against those threats - particularly when the threat-designers adapt them to
take Sender-ID into account.

Here is a first, simplistic attempt at what such a catalog might contain,
collected mostly from other people's postings.

Because of time and space restrictions, I'm going to just present these as
personal assertions.  There are, of course, special cases and boundary
conditions, but I've tried to be as fair as I can about the broad thrust of the
strengths and weaknesses of Sender-ID.

My purpose is to cause some readers, perhaps those who have recently joined this
list and are offering the support of the large organisations they represent,
cause to pause for a minute, and ask their expert colleagues if 'this unknown
Brit' could possibly have a point.

In the brief list below I am considering only:

-  Consumer users

- Who are using current versions of MS Outlook Express (OE)

-  Who do not know how to access or interpret the message headers.

I guess that this probably covers the majority (i.e > 50%) of consumer users in
the world.

I  am also assuming that the 'bad guys' have read and understood Sender-ID and
so will have made whatever simple adaptations are necessary to continue to
unleash their mischief.

I have also assumed that the 'good guys' will have done all they should - i.e.
implemented Sender-ID records with '+' records on their outbound MTAs and '-all'
(or equivalent) for all other sources.


===================

* Sender-ID blocks Phishing  eMails - WRONG

A Phisher need only use the headers

   From: Big Bank Security <security@bigbank.com>
   Resent-Sender: phisher@badguy.com

and have a legitimate domain: 'badguy.com" with SPF records. The PRA test will
'pass' badguy.com, but there is no way to tell that user that test has been
done, let alone what address was actually tested.

The user will see
    "From: Big Bank Security"
on her OE display.

See David's post of an hour or so ago <mazieres@gmail.com> for further detail.
=====================

* Sender-ID lets genuine senders show they are not Phishers - WRONG

The Big Bank can send a message with a header

   From: Big Bank Security <security@bigbank.com>

The PRA test on 'bigbank.com' will pass and the user will see
    "From: Big Bank Security"
on her OE display.

This is exactly the same as she saw when the phisher wrote to her, and is also
exactly the same as if the bank did not implement Sender-ID at all.

======================

*Sender-ID stops spam - WRONG

All a spammer has to do is register a domain and set up SPF records.
As far as any MTA using the Sender-ID test is concerned, all spam which can pass
the Sender-ID test is allowed through.

Sender-ID itself has no ability to distinguish spam from ham.

Some people posting to the spf-discuss list believe they can detect spammers
amongst the early, enthusiastic adopters of SPF!

========================

*Sender-ID stops viruses - WRONG

Recall that I am assuming that the virus-writers will adapt to the presence of
Sender-ID. A virus writer who gains access to a 'trojaned' PC will cause the
outbound mails to be sent through the SMTP server of the machine's normal ISP
(if the trojan horse can access the address list, it can, in many cases,  also
work out the address of the ISPs' SMTP server).

Many ISPs will accept the mail as genuine with no further checks, so the
virus-carrying mail will emerge from the ISP appearing exactly like a legitimate
mail from the same end-host, and will pass any SPF tests the ISP has set up.

The only inconvenience to the virus-writer is that the message rate may be lower
than when he used to send mails directly to the victims.

===================================

So why use Sender-ID?


Well, Sender-ID, just like other header forgery detection system such as
SPF-Classic, forces some of the bad guys to have to use their own domains, and
to set up SPF records.  This introduces an additional element of traceability,
via the domain registration process, and perhaps an element of stability (they
will have to use the same domain several times) giving reputation systems a
better chance to spot them.

So, used in conjunction with _today's_ Outlook Express MUAs Sender-ID's PRA test
is just as good / bad as the (licence-free) SPF test.

Oh, and Sender-ID has a security vulnerability (a weak defence against
'bounce-bombs' ) which SPF has a defense against.

In the long-term it might be possible to evolve Sender-ID _and_ a new generation
of MUAs to provide users with a display which they could be educated to use to
detect Phishing attempts.

You will have to use your own judgement of Microsoft's product cycle times to
decide how long is will be until, say, 20% of the installed consumer base would
have this feature before their eyes.

I myself would be amazed if even this small level of penetration could be
achieved before 2007.
-----------------------------------

So - just what benefits are you selling to your organisations when you support
this current, rushed version of Sender-ID on their behalf - and are you _sure_
that you can deliver on those benefits?

Are they in your personal objectives for 2004?

Do you feel lucky?

==========================

Personal statement re: DEPLOYment

At present my plans are to implement SPF in our special-purpose MTAs, which are
designed and implemented within my own organisation.


Since, in the short term the majority of my users will continue to use Outlook
Express and similar Sender-ID-unaware MUAs,

and since Sender-ID provides no technical benefit over SPF in this time frame,

and since Sender-ID has a security vulnerability which is not present in SPF,

and since Sender-ID is encumbered with a licence which appears to require me to
notify Microsoft of my business intentions,

and since that same licence may be withdrawn by Microsoft at any time,

I have no business justification for implementing and deploying Sender-ID at
this time.


Chris Haynes




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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 17:42:51 -0700, Harry Katz
<hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com> wrote:
> On Wednesday, September 01, 2004 2:49 PM, mazieres@gmail.com
> 
> 
> [mailto:mazieres@gmail.com] wrote:
> 
> > On Wed, 1 Sep 2004 09:55:52 -0700, Harry Katz
> > <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com> wrote:
> >
> > > Second as per the terms of the license itself, End Users who are
> > > recipients of a licensed implementation of Sender ID and
> distributors
> > > who are redistributing a branded licensed implementation do not need
> 
> > > to separately sign this License Agreement.
> >
> > I understand your the point about End Users, but could you
> > clarify how the license exempts distributors?  Specifically,
> > my concern is that while section 2.1 allows indirect
> > distribution of object code, section 2.2, which applies to
> > source code, does not.
> 
> Section 2.2 references 2.1 in a way that makes it permissible to
> "indirectly" distribute the source code versions of the Licensed
> implementations too.  In other words, if you're redistributing a
> licensed branded implementation - either source or binary - you don't
> need to execute the license agreement.

Sorry, can you explain in more detail?  I'd like to belive this is the
case, but I'm just not seeing that in the text of the agreement.  2.2
gives me a "license to distribute or otherwise disclose source code
copies of such Licensed Implementation licensed in Section 2.1..."  So
it sounds like the source code has to correspond to a binary licensed
in 2.1, but I don't see how the reference to 2.1 affects the
distribution of source code.  As I read that sentence, the only
options for source code are to "distribute" or "otherwise disclose". 
Does having a third party like sourceforge distribute your source code
count as "otherwise disclosing" the source code?  Is it really the
case that sourceforge wouldn't need their own license?  Is one of the
lawyers on the list willing to vouch for this interpretation?

David

David



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Microsoft may have misled others that SenderID and PRA algorithm can be 
used by MUAs to verify email (because of their dominance in MUA market on 
Windows PCs, they need something for MUAs). That is not true. SenderID is 
designed to verify email for SMTP servers directly talking to each other, 
it is NOT a good idea to use the same methods after the completion of 
SMTP transmission! Although, if authentication did occur on the SMTP 
level, it is a good idea to be able to inform end-users about that and
to inform them what address was verified.

For more information on why MUAs should not be used, please see the 
following messages posted earlier:
 http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03769.html
 http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03961.html

I also would remind that MARID WG is about authentication methods for MTAs,
this group has not been chartered to produce specification to be used for 
MUA verification of emails. Topics of MUA verification of email are 
appropriate for S/MIME and OpenPGP workgroups. And please feel free 
to reread the charter if you disagree with this statement. See:
 http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/marid-charter.html

On Thu, 2 Sep 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:

> I'm wondering, since there has been talk about displaying the SenderID PRA
> in MUAs, would Microsoft's patent claims and licensing apply to MUAs also? I
> imagine that the steps used by an MTA to extract the PRA for evaluation
> would be the same as the steps used by an MUA to extract the PRA for
> display...
> 
> If licensing FOSS MTAs are problematic with SenderID, I'd imagine that FOSS
> MUAs would greatly compound the problem.
> 
> Michael R. Brumm
> 

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 18:13, wayne wrote:
> 

> > ****   CSV   ****
> >
> > 1) solid I-D:  pretty good
> > To the best of my knowledge, no one has tried to implement code based
> > on it, but it appears to have been well reviewed by a fair number of
> > people.  I think there is time to get implementation experience if the
> > backers hurry.
> 
> Better I-Ds have been put forward, but I know of no change on the
> implementation experience part.
> 
>
> > 2) working code:  none
> >
> > 3) testing:  none

Not extensive, but more than none.

> > 4) IP Licensing:  No problems
> >
> > 5) gratuitous incompatibilities:  None.
> >
> >
> > I think that CSV could be one of the proposals, if its backers quickly
> > start creating working code and doing testing.
> 
> I think it is kind of funny that CSV has made it on the WG TODO list,
> but neither SPF-classic nor Unified-SPF did.

Looking to the next step, CSV offers an extremely simple extension to
RFC2821 for authenticating the EHLO domain.  I see this as highly
important for reputation services, as identities obtained from either
Sender-ID or SPF are not suitable for basing reputation assertions
without running considerable risk when making assumptions of the
integrity of the mail channel.  

Once CSV is in place, to implement something extremely similar to SPF or
Sender-ID becomes just a trivial name list created using PTR records
much like DNA.  I was hoping to get some feedback before offering code. 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-otis-marid-mpr-00.txt

I would not expect many to be satisfied with just an EHLO check.

-Doug



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In <94df60cf040902185938a7d947@mail.gmail.com> <mazieres@gmail.com> writes:

> On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 17:42:51 -0700, Harry Katz
> <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com> wrote:
>
>> Section 2.2 references 2.1 in a way that makes it permissible to
>> "indirectly" distribute the source code versions of the Licensed
>> implementations too.  In other words, if you're redistributing a
>> licensed branded implementation - either source or binary - you don't
>> need to execute the license agreement.

Harry:

Is this your opinion, or Microsoft's lawyer's opinion?


> Sorry, can you explain in more detail?

I would like more details also.

> [...] I'm just not seeing that in the text of the agreement.
> [explanation deleted]

Your explanation complete agrees with what I understand the license to
say.

> Does having a third party like sourceforge distribute your source code
> count as "otherwise disclosing" the source code?  Is it really the
> case that sourceforge wouldn't need their own license?  Is one of the
> lawyers on the list willing to vouch for this interpretation?

Well, I asked a lawyer about this very subject and got an informal
opinion that pretty much agrees with your understanding and conflicts
with Harry's.

Basically, the *only* source code distributions that are allowed under
the SenderID license are those that corrispond with object code
implementations.  Source code in the form of a patch is not allowed
because it won't compile.  Any redistribution from a third party like
sourceforge requires a license.  Anyone who modifies even a single
#define in the source code so that the resulting object code is
different needs to get a license.


Now, my paraphrasing of what the lawyer said may well have mangled a
few things.  I won't repost private email, so I would appreciate any
lawyer posting answers to David's questions directly to the list.  MS
lawyers would be best.


-wayne



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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "william\(at\)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
Subject: RE: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?
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William, I am not an idiot. Please re-read the post. I am not talking about
*performing* SenderID in the MUA, I'm talking about *displaying* the
SenderID PRA in the MUA. Viewing the results of an MTA's MARID evaluations
(in the MUA or elsewhere) is pertinent to the MARID charter.

Thanks,
Michael R. Brumm


-----Original Message-----
From: william(at)elan.net [mailto:william@elan.net]
Sent: Thursday, September 02, 2004 08:38 PM
To: Michael R. Brumm
Cc: IETF MARID WG
Subject: Re: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?

Microsoft may have misled others that SenderID and PRA algorithm can be
used by MUAs to verify email (because of their dominance in MUA market on
Windows PCs, they need something for MUAs). That is not true. SenderID is
designed to verify email for SMTP servers directly talking to each other,
it is NOT a good idea to use the same methods after the completion of
SMTP transmission! Although, if authentication did occur on the SMTP
level, it is a good idea to be able to inform end-users about that and
to inform them what address was verified.

For more information on why MUAs should not be used, please see the
following messages posted earlier:
 http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03769.html
 http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03961.html

I also would remind that MARID WG is about authentication methods for MTAs,
this group has not been chartered to produce specification to be used for
MUA verification of emails. Topics of MUA verification of email are
appropriate for S/MIME and OpenPGP workgroups. And please feel free
to reread the charter if you disagree with this statement. See:
 http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/marid-charter.html

On Thu, 2 Sep 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:

> I'm wondering, since there has been talk about displaying the SenderID PRA
> in MUAs, would Microsoft's patent claims and licensing apply to MUAs also?
I
> imagine that the steps used by an MTA to extract the PRA for evaluation
> would be the same as the steps used by an MUA to extract the PRA for
> display...
>
> If licensing FOSS MTAs are problematic with SenderID, I'd imagine that
FOSS
> MUAs would greatly compound the problem.
>
> Michael R. Brumm
>

--
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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	<Pine.LNX.4.51.0409021501000.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Fri, 03 Sep 2004 06:25:21 +0100
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409021501000.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com> (Rand
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Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:

> As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from large
> commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
> commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.

In the case of sending from a large ISP (and that includes commercial
sites who outsource email) that is not true. Unless the ISP does
additional checking then Sender-ID (and SPF) still allows a customer
of the ISP to forge the mail as coming from any other customer of that
ISP. 



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	<x43c3wfvbw.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
	<x4wtzcb1ea.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
	<1094179813.19890.267.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org>
From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Fri, 03 Sep 2004 06:56:48 +0100
In-Reply-To: <1094179813.19890.267.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> (Douglas Otis's
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> writes:

> Once CSV is in place, to implement something extremely similar to SPF or
> Sender-ID becomes just a trivial name list created using PTR records
> much like DNA.

Unfortunately this is not quite as trivial as it seems. I believe that
PTR records are not the easiest records for the domain owner
(especially the owner of small domains) to have control over.



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Just a few comments...

First of all, the final call period is only a few days away. Lets get 
our hands cracking and see if we can get any remaining technical issues 
out of the woodwork and bring them to the attention of the group. Even 
if some of us are against it on IPR principles, we can still look at the 
technical aspects. The IPR issue is on the table, the chairs are very 
well aware of it, and everyone's opinion is on record. It may very well 
happen that the IPR issues may end up being resolved.

Second, the IETF standards process is not a "all or nothing" decision. 
Approval by the WG is only the first step. There is still IESG approval 
with its own final call period, which may bring additional comments and 
requests for changes from the wider community. Code still remains to be 
written and tested, possibly adjusting the standard. The standard will 
only be in "Proposed" stage anyway for a while, and may very well 
change. And of course, we probably will be forced to make changes in 
order to close loopholes that spammers will manage to find. We got a 
long road ahead of us, full of coding, testing and making adjustments. 
Lets not lose sight of that.

Yakov



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> I  am also assuming that the 'bad guys' have read and understood 
> Sender-ID and
> so will have made whatever simple adaptations are necessary to 
> continue to
> unleash their mischief.

cf. CipherTrust's study released this week in which >50% of the sources 
for all email surveyed which published SPF records were spammers.

http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/08/31/HNspammerstudy_1.html

Anne




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Section 4.1 of the submitter draft states:

"  SMTP clients MUST set the SUMBITTER parameter value to the purported
    responsible address of the message as defined in [PRA]. This also
    applies to messages containing a null reverse-path.
"

The extension name is mis-spelled, it should be SUBMITTER.



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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 06:25:21AM +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
| 
| Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:
| 
| > As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from large
| > commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
| > commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.
| 
| In the case of sending from a large ISP (and that includes commercial
| sites who outsource email) that is not true. Unless the ISP does
| additional checking then Sender-ID (and SPF) still allows a customer
| of the ISP to forge the mail as coming from any other customer of that
| ISP. 

My read of most ISPs is that they are willing to move in
this direction if it proves necessary.  Many ISPs are
beginning to roll out (mandatory) SMTP AUTH.  With that in
place, halting cross-customer forgery becomes a much more
likely proposition.



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On Thu, Sep 02, 2004 at 03:06:49PM -0700, Rand Wacker wrote:
> 
> For this reason, it may end up being the case that Sender ID can not
> reliably prevent spoofing for messages that take complex paths; but there
> is some solace in that these complex paths are usually managed by the
> *receiver*.

But what prevents a malicious individual to either set up such complex
path himself or pretend that the message is travelling through such a
complex path? As I understand it, the 2822 headers are easy to make up
yourself (in fact, the senderid documents endorse doing this), which
makes it easy to fool the senderid check.

Koen

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 03:56:31 2004
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In an earlier posting to this list, I stated:

"Any individual or organization is free to write to the patent authorities 
in any and all jurisdictions claiming that IP that they believe has been 
submitted for patent protection is covered by "prior art" or is "obvious", 
both of which are grounds for rejection of a patent application."

This was based on my experience of receiving an almost continuous stream 
of requests via Lotus/IBM patent attorneys to offer "prior art" or 
arguments of "obviousness" that would invalidate in-process patent 
applications. 

In response to a request from Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>, I have 
now investigated this situation further.

Basically, I was wrong. There is no way of bringing un-patented "prior 
art" or an argument of "obviousness" to the attention of the US patent 
authorities prior to the "publication" of a patent application, or a 
request from a patent examiner for such information. It would appear that 
the latter was the source of "the stream of requests from Lotus/IBM patent 
attorneys to offer "prior art" or arguments of "obviousness" that would 
invalidate in-process patent applications" to which I referred earlier. 

With respect to "publication", the US patent approval process calls for a 
patent to be "published" some 18 months after its receipt, and prior to 
its acceptance or denial, but an applicant can request that an application 
not be "published", which effectively closes this window. Once, and if, an 
application has been "published", one may submit a "public document" that 
represents what one believes to constitute "prior art", but one may only 
submit the document, "unedited" (I'm not sure what this means), and 
referenced to its source.  One may also submit a cover letter attached to 
the document, referencing the document as being relevant "prior art" to 
the "published" patent application in question.  What one is unable to do 
is actually argue the case for this constituting "prior art". Thus, an 
applicant may argue, in a vacuum, that your document is not relevant, and 
in practice, I have been informed, "prior art" submitted in this way, 
almost never has an impact on the approval process. 

So, beyond the existence of patented "prior art" and the diligence of the 
patent examiner involved, there is no direct way for the community to 
bring "prior art" to bear on the patent approval process. There is an 
"examiner education program", under which the IESG or Internet Society may 
offer the opportunity of a "visit" as a means of educating examiners on 
the discovery of un-patented "prior art" in IETF archives, or how to 
solicit identification of un-patented "prior art" from IETF participants, 
but this is only an indirect means, and it may take many years, if ever, 
for the offer to be taken up.

I apologize to the list for providing inaccurate information, and hope 
that the above clarifies the situation.

Finally, I would comment that I have always viewed the issuance of a US 
patent as a license to "defend" a claim of IP ownership in the courts, and 
not as proof of ownership per se. Thus issuance is a necessary, but not 
sufficient, condition for establishing the ownership of IP. I have been 
confirmed in this view, by those experts I have asked for input on this 
matter.

Nick Shelness
Independent Technology Consultant <nick@old-mill.net>



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To: Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR: Name of SUBMITTER parameter
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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 12:42:36AM +0100,
 Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> wrote 
 a message of 17 lines which said:

> The SUBMITTER parameter was fine as a working name (as was FRED,
> DAVE, and all the rest of the names) but now that we're all in
> agreement athat the name of the identity in question is the PRA, the
> obvious name for the parameter to identify the PRA is "PRA".

IMHO, we should do quite the opposite: get rid of every mention of
-pra in the -submitter draft to be able to drop -pra (because of
patent issues) while keeping -submitter (which is IMHO an useful
addition to SPF-classic, which helps to solve the forwarding problem
which cripples SPF-classic).



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 05:48:17 2004
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Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:

>
>
    But real people in the real world have to make decisions and they 
have to go forward. One of the problems I have with lawyers - and my 
wife is one, is that of course life comes with no guarantees. But in the 
end one must do something. A lawyer can tell you what the potential 
worst case scenario is, they can help you get out of the trouble that 
you are in, but it is extremely rare that you can get one to tell you 
what your best choice is - aside from do nothing, when there are no 
perfect choices.

    It does not matter whether it is Microsoft or HP, or a patent 
holding company. There is a claim without any support that the current 
draft includes IP that would require a license.

    The details of the license does not become relevant until you decide 
whether the claim has merit. The burden for testing the claim is very 
low. I do not think it is wise to try and become IP lawyers over this, 
but the burden is not non-existent. Because "we say so" is just not 
sufficient.. The fact that the claim is nebulous and unknown does not 
make it stronger. It makes it weaker.

    The unknown may be a scary place to be, but it is where we are. It 
is also not far from where we would be if Microsoft had not made a 
nebulous claim of IP rights.


   

>
> This brings up a point which has been rolling around in the back of my 
> head for a few days.
>
> We simply _don't_ know what is in the claim.  In any other area where 
> adoption of some program is to be impacted or encumbered in some way 
> which could cause either a legal liability or an inability to actually 
> implement on the part of the adopter - particularly such a potentially 
> widely used program - it is inconceivable that people would be even 
> considering adopting, or recommending, the program.  In fact, if one 
> had a professional license, and recommended adoption of such a program 
> without a clear understanding of the encumberance, one could be guilty 
> of malpractice.  But I digress...what has been rolling around in the 
> back of my head is this:
>
> Can anyone say with 100% certainty that there is *zero* technology, 
> software, or process, which can be reasonably argued by Microsoft to 
> belong to them, with regards to *checking*?   Bear in mind that I have 
> some experience in patenting this sort of technology (I have been 
> involved in the patent work on the Habeas "technology", among others, 
> and I put that word in quotes because if you look at the Habeas model 
> I'm guessing many of you would be shocked to realize just how much 
> *is* patentable as "technology").
>
> Ok, I'm going to guess that some of you  might say "yes" to the 
> above.  So, let's put it another way now:
>
> Is the method for checking under Sender I.D. *identical* to the method 
> for checking for SPF?
>
> Imagine a world where some day you have to pay for a site license to 
> be able to perform a check.  Where the only receiver who *doesn't* 
> have to pay to perform checks is Microsoft itself.
>
> Again, this is not Microsoft bashing - I personally believe that *any* 
> large receiver owning the ultimate rights to an authentication system 
> is a conflict of interest.
>
> And to be honest, for the life of me, I don't understand why SPF, 
> which already had a lot of support from other corners, isn't what's 
> being pushed now.  Although, of course, for all we know (and I very 
> much suspect) SPF is probably now in some way encumbered by MS 
> anyways.  It would be foolish of them to embrace and incorporate SPF 
> technology without first making sure that they darned well owned it.  
> Just like any other acquisition - you can either put the competitor 
> under, or acquire them.
>
> Anne
>
>



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Anne P. Mitchell wrote:
>cf. CipherTrust's study released this week in which >50% of the sources 
>for all email surveyed which published SPF records were spammers.
>
>http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/08/31/HNspammerstudy_1.html

Just so there is no confusion... this is good news for SPF, not bad news.



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To: mazieres@gmail.com
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: DOC-BUG: permitted use of PRA/submitter address
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On Sun, Aug 29, 2004 at 07:34:22PM -0400,
 mazieres@gmail.com <mazieres@gmail.com> wrote 
 a message of 59 lines which said:

> * I am on vacation, and receive mail which lists my own address in
> the To: or CC: fields, and does not have any indications such as
> "Precedence: list/bulk/junk" that it is from a mailing list.  I wish
> for my filter to notify the sender that I will not be responding for
> a week.  Should I send the notification to the MAIL-FROM address, as
> I currently do, or to the PRA?

RFC 2822 and 3834 are quite clear, IMHO.

2822 :

   Resent fields are
   strictly informational.  They MUST NOT be used in the normal
   processing of replies or other such automatic actions on messages.

2822 :

   When the "Reply-To:" field is present, it
   indicates the mailbox(es) to which the author of the message suggests
   that replies be sent.  In the absence of the "Reply-To:" field,
   replies SHOULD by default be sent to the mailbox(es) specified in the
   "From:" field unless otherwise specified by the person composing the
   reply.

3834 :

   Similarly, the Sender field SHOULD NOT be used as the destination for
   automatic responses.  This field is intended only to identify the
   person or entity that sent the message, and is not required to
   contain an address that is valid for replies. 

> * I receive offensive and/or threatening mail from someone, and wish
> to complain to their administrator.  Should I complain to
> postmaster/abuse at the domain name in the PRA, as opposed to the
> domain in the From or envelope sender address?

I would say first to the postmaster/abuse at the domain name in the
From then, if there is no reply, to the one in the PRA (like people do
when they first mail the "offender" then his ISP).



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Subject: Re: Unencumbered Checking  (was Re: DEPLOY: SPF/Sender ID support in Courier)
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On Mon, Aug 30, 2004 at 11:01:38PM -0400,
 David H. Lynch Jr. <dhlii@comcast.net> wrote 
 a message of 89 lines which said:

>       Regardless of whether software should be patentable (or
> business methods, or ...) and regardless of the fact that trivial
> "improvements" should not be patentable no matter what. We live in a
> world where they are.

"A world"? You mistake the United States of America for the World. In
Europe, software patents are currently illegal. (And frivolous/trivial
patents like the Microsoft patent we talk about are a good reason why
it should stay that way.)

See http://swpat.ffii.org/ for details.



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Guillaume Filion wrote:

>"Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org> wrote:
>  
>
>>Very interesting. If OpenSSL can be included in Linux distributions, why
>>can't SenderID?
>>
>>The SSL license would seem to have tproblems with the GPL similar to
>>those that the SenderID license does.
>>    
>>
    The SSL license probably is incompatible with the GPL. But that does 
not make it incompatible with all FOSS licenses.
Also every piece of software included in a Linux distribution does not 
meet the Free Software Foundations criteria, that does not
prevent it from being included. Some distributions such as Debian 
distinguish between free and non-free  - incompatible license terms.
The OpenSSL license would probably qualify it as non-free but 
redistributable. The Microsoft License would prevent redistribution.

    The GPL is the most popular OpenSource License. However it is not 
the only one.

    Finally, we - not even the lawyers, do not get to decide whether the 
Microsoft license is incompatible with whatever License a particular 
developer is using
That developer does, or the distributor. Basically the people who are 
taking the risk by developing and distributing software  get to decide 
based hopefully on the advice
  they receive from THEIR lawyers, whether they have a problem. If 
Phillip Hazel, or the developers of Courier, ... believe they have a 
problem, you can try to persuade them otherwise
but you can not just tell them that they are wrong.



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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 01:49:51AM +0100,
 Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> wrote 
 a message of 18 lines which said:

> I'm tending to the opinion that the words 'non-empty' should simply
> be deleted from section 2 of -pra.  They seem to serve no purpose
> other that to add complexity,

The added complexity is very small (using the length of the code as a
metric). The real issue is the definition of "non-empty".

The sendmail milter tests "strlen(hdr->hdr_val) > 0". Mark Kramer uses
the Perl \s expression. I used Python's definition of "empty". They do
not agree and I do not find an authoritative definition.

> empty field bodies are illegal, and I don't believe they are
> prevelent in the wild.
 
Never assume anything about the Real World when it is the Internet :-)
I thought that the provisions of -pra like:

        If that header is malformed (e.g. it appears to contain multiple
        mailboxes, or the single mailbox is hopelessly malformed, or the
        single mailbox does not contain a domain name),

were unecessary until I ran the PRA algorithm against my spam mailbox
and find very strange addresses.

>  "Locate the first Resend-Sender field in the message that has a
>  non-empty field body"

Not complete: is a set of whitespaces empty? Is "(Sender not
displayed)" empty or malformed?




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Cc: Ryan Malayter <rmalayter@bai.org>,
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        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 11:15:59 +0100
To: Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
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On 2 Sep 2004, at 23:06, Rand Wacker wrote:

> As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from 
> large
> commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
> commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.

You're talking about the positive evaluation proposition of Sender-ID - 
that the From address is authenticated. Yet both Cyphertrust and 
SpamAssassin's stats show that the spammers are more on top of this 
than the legit mailers. This indicates to me that we need to be looking 
towards the negative evaluation proposition (i.e. the value in 
rejecting mail) that Sender-ID and/or SPF gives us, rather than hoping 
that a Sender-ID approved mail actually provides us with any benefits.

Matt.


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Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk>
From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR: Name of SUBMITTER parameter
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 11:18:52 +0100
To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
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On 3 Sep 2004, at 09:39, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 12:42:36AM +0100,
>  Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> wrote
>  a message of 17 lines which said:
>
>> The SUBMITTER parameter was fine as a working name (as was FRED,
>> DAVE, and all the rest of the names) but now that we're all in
>> agreement athat the name of the identity in question is the PRA, the
>> obvious name for the parameter to identify the PRA is "PRA".
>
> IMHO, we should do quite the opposite: get rid of every mention of
> -pra in the -submitter draft to be able to drop -pra (because of
> patent issues) while keeping -submitter (which is IMHO an useful
> addition to SPF-classic, which helps to solve the forwarding problem
> which cripples SPF-classic).

You cannot possibly do SUBMITTER without -pra because otherwise forging 
SUBMITTER will be trivial and undetectable.

Matt.


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Subject: SPF testing can be done against other addresses (Was: DEPLOY: Legal liability for creating bounces from forged messages
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On Thu, Aug 26, 2004 at 01:19:37PM -0700,
 Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com> wrote 
 a message of 17 lines which said:

> > Is it unrealistic to assume that, if the current Sender-ID becomes a
> > RFC as it is, nevertheless, some people will use SPF records (as
> > specified in -protocol) to perform checks on the 2821 MAIL FROM and
> > not only on the official PRA?  A sort of unofficial "Unified SPF"?
> 
> Yes, it's realistic to assume that some software will do this.  The
> technical term for such a program is "broken".  :-)

I disagree. Sender-ID currently mandates a test against the PRA but,
as the modular architecture of the Sender-ID documents demonstrate,
you can test SPF records against many things. This will not be
Sender-ID, but it does not mean it is broken.
 
IMHO, this would be a sensible course of action to work around the
patent problem.

> The whole point of having a standard is so that senders know what
> the expectations are for the mail they send, and that receivers know
> what they should be looking for.

At the present time, it is far from true. Bulk emailers typically
complain that they never know in advance what sort of checks will be
performed against their messages.

ISPs typically implement and deploy hastily a lot of ill-advised tests
(like testing that the client MTA has a PTR) without taking into
account standards, best practices or even other opinions.

Given the architecture of the Internet, it will probably never change.

> The whole PRA stuff was invented 

I'm glad that you do not say who invented it :-)



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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 11:18:52AM +0100,
 Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com> wrote 
 a message of 27 lines which said:

> You cannot possibly do SUBMITTER without -pra because otherwise
> forging SUBMITTER will be trivial and undetectable.

Correction: You cannot possibly do SUBMITTER without consistency
checking with the RFC 2822 headers because otherwise forging SUBMITTER
will be trivial and undetectable.

Alternative: You cannot possibly do SUBMITTER without recording and
displaying the SUBMITTER because otherwise forging SUBMITTER will be
trivial and undetectable.



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Michael R. Brumm wrote:

>I'm wondering, since there has been talk about displaying the SenderID PRA
>in MUAs, would Microsoft's patent claims and licensing apply to MUAs also? I
>imagine that the steps used by an MTA to extract the PRA for evaluation
>would be the same as the steps used by an MUA to extract the PRA for
>display...
>
>If licensing FOSS MTAs are problematic with SenderID, I'd imagine that FOSS
>MUAs would greatly compound the problem.
>
Exactly. And some MUAs were displaying PRA information for years.

Alexey
__________________________________________
Isode Limited, http://www.isode.com

IETF standard related pages:
http://www.melnikov.ca/mel/devel/Links.html

Personal Home Page: http://www.melnikov.ca
__________________________________________





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Alexey Melnikov writes:
> Michael R. Brumm wrote:
>> If licensing FOSS MTAs are problematic with SenderID, I'd imagine that FOSS
>> MUAs would greatly compound the problem.
>
> Exactly. And some MUAs were displaying PRA information for years.

Explain? And name some names?

(Although now that you say it, the client I'm using right now seems to 
be doing something very much like that...)

Arnt



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Meng Weng Wong
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 2:42 AM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
>
> On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 06:25:21AM +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
> |
> | In the case of sending from a large ISP (and that includes commercial
> | sites who outsource email) that is not true. Unless the ISP does
> | additional checking then Sender-ID (and SPF) still allows a customer
> | of the ISP to forge the mail as coming from any other customer of that
> | ISP.
>
> My read of most ISPs is that they are willing to move in
> this direction if it proves necessary.  Many ISPs are
> beginning to roll out (mandatory) SMTP AUTH.  With that in
> place, halting cross-customer forgery becomes a much more
> likely proposition.
>
While SMTP AUTH will help ISPs manage access to their MTAs, it doesn't help
them with the policy and procedural issues of managing lists of domains that
different users may legitimately send from.  I believe that these types of
issues are ultimately a greater deterrent to large scale prevention of
cross-customer forgery than the particular method of MTA access
authentication.

As I've said before,

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04034.html

I think the simplest way all around (assuming we go forward with Sender-ID
in some form) is to have ISPs use Submitter.  That way they don't have to
manage lists of domains that customers have access to.  Any messages coming
from the ISP MTA are checked under Sender-ID against the ISP spf2 pra
record.  I don't think it changes in any significant way what they will
already have to do to support Sender-ID anyway.

For those of us without the resources to operate our own MTA, the potential
for cross customer forgery is a huge issue.

Scott Kitterman



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 09:06:50 2004
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From: Michael Hammer <dotzero@gmail.com>
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I'm reluctant to join the fray as I find myself feeling caught in the
middle. Long time lurker, first time poster.

I speak for myself but work for a well known website which generates a
fair amount of outbound mail mainly from a web GUI interface which
customers interact with. Phishing is an issue for my employer and we
are clearly interested in solutions which work. We have changed our
mode of operation so that we could publish SPF1 records (by not
sending emails as if it was the user sending them). We also recognized
that other solutions such as CallerID and DomainKeys were on the
horizon.

The merging of CallerID and SPF into SenderID presented an opportunity
to provide a generally accepted solution to reduce forgeries for both
RFC2821 and RFC2822 headers. The issue of licenses does not directly
impact us with the most recent changes made by Microsoft as we would
simply be an end-user.

I recognize that there is significant controversy over the licensing
issue with many posters to this list indicating that they will not
implement SenderID given the current situation. Fragmented
implementation of standards (specified or de facto) by recipient MTAs
(I'm setting aside the issue of MUAs as it would take a longer time
frame for implementation in any event) is perhaps worse than no
implementation at all. The risk of lost communications or
troubleshooting problems would at best be difficult. Differing and
competing implementations, whether within a standards framework or
outside of it, is likely to have a potentially large negative impact
on a core service provided over the Internet.

Given that last call is almost over and considering the lack of
consensus with regard to SenderID, I would prefer to see the Working
Group not put forward SenderID but I would not like to see it killed.
If core and unified SPF could be moved forward or simply SPF classic,
that would at least be a step in the right direction. There is
potential in SenderID that should not be discarded lightly. Given more
time and less "heat" it may be possible to resolve the current issues
given some flexibility by all concerned.

To illustrate why consensus is important to deployment I decided to do
a little checking after reading the post from J . Trevor Hughes
stating how strongly ESPC and it's members support SenderID. I 
decided to check the extent to which members of the Email Service
Provider Coalition have published either SPF1, SPF2.0/PRA or both. The
results are somewhat interesting and bear on the issue of deployment.
This is clearly a group of companies which should have a strong
interest in authenticated email solutions (As Mr. Hughes pointed out
in his email). If there are issues with achieving deployment (of
anything) by a group that should have the strongest motivation, what
happens when various large recipient (mail service providers) impose
inconsistent requirements on sending MTAs? My concern is that the
larger universe of organizations and companies will simply ignore any
standards and go with whatever meets their immediate need.

The results are as follows:

52 companies listed
27 have no TXT record in DNS (more than half)
17 have SPF1 only
3 have SPF2.0/PRA only
4 have both SPF1 and SPF2.0/PRA

The detailed list as follows:

NO                         Adknowledge, Inc.
SPF1                     aQuantive
SPF1,SPF2.0/PRA Constant Contact (Formerly Roving Software)
NO                        Digital Impact
SPF1                     DoubleClick
NO                        Experian
NO                        Got Marketing
SPF1                     ProspectivDirect
SPF2.0/PRA          SKYLIST
NO 24/7                 Real Media
NO                        @Once
NO                        Acxiom
SPF1                    Advertising.com
NO                        AFG Media
SPF1                    Bigfoot Interactive
SPF1                    BlueHornet Networks, Inc.
NO                       BlueStreak
SPF1                    Britemoon
SPF1,SPF2.0/PRA CheetahMail
NO                       Datran Media
NO                       Digital Connexxions
NO                       eDialog
NO                       EmailLabs
SPF1                    ExactTarget
NO                       Exmplar, Inc.
SPF1                    IMN
SPF1                   Inter@ctivate, Inc.
SPF1                   Internet Marketing Center
NO                      The Lift Network
NO                      Mediaplex
SPF1                   NetCreations, inc.
NO                      Performics
SPF1,SPF2.0/PRA Pexicom, Inc.
SPF1,SPF2.0/PRA Port25 Solutions, Inc.
NO                       Postfuture
SPF1                   Quris
NO                       RightNow Technologies
SPF1                    Responsys
NO                       Return Path
NO                       Savicom
SPF1                   Silverpop
SPF2.0/PRA        SmartSource
NO                      SourceLink
NO                      StrongMail Systems
YES                    SubscriberMail, LLC
SPF2.0/PRA        TargitInteractive
SPF1                   Topica
NO                      Traffix, Inc.
NO                      TranSend, Inc.
NO                      ValueClick
SPF1                   VerticalResponse
NO                      Yesmail


Michael Hammer  dotzero@gmail.com



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Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk>
From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR: Name of SUBMITTER parameter
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 14:01:08 +0100
To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
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On 3 Sep 2004, at 11:29, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> Alternative: You cannot possibly do SUBMITTER without recording and
> displaying the SUBMITTER because otherwise forging SUBMITTER will be
> trivial and undetectable.

Right. I think this is a better implementation option.

Matt.


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References: <JFEEKKACNPKMBKAPGGFOEEHEFJAA.me@michaelbrumm.com>  <41384918.7040502@isode.com> <Op1HPJs2teuSYPKoaw9jnQ.md5@libertango.oryx.com>
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Arnt Gulbrandsen wrote:
> 
> Alexey Melnikov writes:
> 
>> Exactly. And some MUAs were displaying PRA information for years.
> 
> 
> Explain? And name some names?

The Notes 5 client shows the Sender: header as "Sent by", but not 821-From.

-- Matthias

-- 
Brain-Log                               http://matthias.leisi.net/



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In <16695.45036.160556.552577@giles.gnomon.org.uk> Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:

> The SUBMITTER parameter was fine as a working name (as was FRED, DAVE,
> and all the rest of the names) but now that we're all in agreement
> that the name of the identity in question is the PRA, the obvious name
> for the parameter to identify the PRA is "PRA".
>
>     MAIL FROM:<foo@bar> PRA=<baz@qux>
>
> is far more natural than the SUBMITTER alternative.


I agree with this and made the same suggested during the IETF-60
jabber session.  (See
http://www.xmpp.org/ietf-logs/marid@ietf.xmpp.org/2004-08-04.html
11:19:05)  Unlike your message to this list, both Meng and Marshall
gave positive feedback.  (I suspect your message was just overlooked
due to the volume of IPR messages.)


So, I think we can count at least four people who would like to see
SUBMITTER= renamed to PRA=.


-wayne






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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Roy Badami wrote:
>
> empty field bodies are illegal, and I don't believe they are prevelent
> in the wild.

I'm afraid they are common enough that strict syntax checking has a high
false positive rate.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LYME REGIS TO LANDS END INCLUDING THE ISLES OF SCILLY: WEST OR SOUTHWEST 2 TO
4. MAINLY FAIR, SMALL RISK FOG PATCHES. MODERATE WITH FOG PATCHES. SLIGHT TO
MODERATE.



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From: "J. Trevor Hughes" <jthughes@maine.rr.com>
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Subject: RE: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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I'm reluctant to join the fray as I find myself feeling caught in the
middle. Long time lurker, first time poster.

[...snip...]

  
Michael,

Thanks for a thoughtful and objective response.

The ESPC is fully committed to email authentication and has been supportive
of SPF1 and Sender ID since the beginning. We've had a significant role in
helping to get to this point (including hosting a meeting at Harvard Law
School in January where the idea of merging Caller ID with SPF was discussed
with Meng and Microsoft).

One thing that is worth noting about your analysis is that the majority of
ESPs do not send their customer emails from their corporate domains. Many
employ dedicated IP addresses and vanity domains for each client. While
there is no reason not to implement authentication on their corporate
domains, it is not unthinkable that their first implementation would focus
on the client domains and not the ESP corporate domain (we encourage all
members to publish SPF1 and Sender ID for all domains).

We recently issue a press release
(http://www.espcoalition.org/083104senderid.php) stating that all new ESPC
members are required to implement SPF1 and that all existing members are in
compliance or in the process of implementing.  I expect that we will require
Sender ID compliance in the near future.

I don't think there is any lack of consensus among the ESPC members. Less
than a month ago almost 100 of our members visited Microsoft for a day long
summit on Sender ID and expressed our support.

Many of our members have posted their own thoughts to this list and I expect
you will see more postings over the next few days as last call approaches.

Trevor 




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On Thursday, September 02, 2004 at 7:38 PM, William Leibzon wrote:

> Microsoft may have misled others that SenderID and PRA algorithm can
be 
> used by MUAs to verify email (because of their dominance in MUA market
on 
> Windows PCs, they need something for MUAs). That is not true.

In spite of William's repeated assertions that it can't be done, we have
built prototypes internally that do exactly that.  They work.

Briefly, the algorithm is:
  1. Grovel through the Received: headers to find the header
     describing the hop where the message entered the current
     organization.
  2. Extract the PRA from the [Resent-] Sender and From headers
     as usual.
  3. Apply the SenderID algorithm.  [Actually, our prototypes 
     used the earlier CallerID algorithm, but the point remains.]

William also implies that Microsoft would intentionally mislead people
to believe that SenderID can be used in MUAs when it cannot.  In the
first place, I resent the insinuation.  In the second place, were such
misleading to occur, it would hurt Microsoft more than anyone else,
precisely because we provide more of the world's MUAs than anyone else.


-- Jim Lyon



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Graham Murray wrote:

> Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:
>
> > As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from large
> > commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
> > commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.
>
> In the case of sending from a large ISP (and that includes commercial
> sites who outsource email) that is not true. Unless the ISP does
> additional checking then Sender-ID (and SPF) still allows a customer
> of the ISP to forge the mail as coming from any other customer of that
> ISP.

Sorry, I should have said "the domain of the From: header"  Such is the
limitation of doing domain-based auth.  The limitation of doing user-based
auth is a high barrier to deployment.

-Rand



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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 mazieres@gmail.com wrote:

> My challenge remains... describe a concrete scenario that requires
> Sender ID, and that could not achieve the same effective result with
> SPF-classic.  Vague references to banks don't convince me any more,

The following is not a vague reference, but an actual planned deployment
(I just can't tell you who is planning it for obvious reasons):

Large Bank communicates with numerous customers addresses at Large ISP.
Large ISP has indicated that they will verify inbound authentication
credentials and has negotiated preferred delivery of authenticated mail
from Large Bank's domain.  Large ISP has given Large Bank the ability to
add a limited number of bank-controlled domains to the Large ISP preferred
whitelist.

Large Bank has quite a bit of customer email delivered by a third party.
This third party delivers mail with a bounce address (MAIL FROM) of
outsource.com (so they can do the bounce processing), but a From: header
of largebank.com.  Large ISP will only whitelist largebank.com (because
that is who the ISP/Bank customers want to hear from, they don't care
about hearing from outsource.com).

In this case, Sender ID would let Large ISP whitelist largebank.com and
still allow outsource.com to deliver mail for the bank (as long as the
bank's DNS records let it do so), /and/ continue to process bounces
properly.  SPF doesn't permit From: header whitelisting (at best) and
breaks bounce handling (at worst).

WRT to Resent-From spoofing and the PRA, its important to note that it is
the PRA result which is whitelisted, so if a phisher uses Resent-From:
phisher.com w/ From: largebank.com, the message will not get preferred
treatment by the ISPs whitelist.

-Rand



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wayne wrote:
> In <16695.45036.160556.552577@giles.gnomon.org.uk> Roy Badami
> <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes: 
>>     MAIL FROM:<foo@bar> PRA=<baz@qux>
>> 
>> is far more natural than the SUBMITTER alternative.
> So, I think we can count at least four people who would like to see
> SUBMITTER= renamed to PRA=.

I respectfully disagree.  Acronyms are harder to understand than fully-spelled-out names.  A search on AcronymFinder for PRA returned 41 results:
Paint Research Association (UK)
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
Parabolic Reflector Antenna
Parti pour le Renouveau Algerien
Participatory Rural Appraisal

How about spelling PRA out rather than using the acronym?

Matthew.van.Eerde@hbinc.com                      805.964.4554 x902
Hispanic Business Inc./HireDiversity.com         Software Engineer
perl -e"map{y/a-z/l-za-k/;print}shift" "Jjhi pcdiwtg Ptga wprztg,"



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I write as the IT Director for Metamail Corporation, a leading provider of
advanced customer registration and Email communications software.

Both personally and as a representative of Metamail, I am expressing support
for Sender ID.

Metamail is committed to implementing Sender ID in our future developments
and in ensuring that our solutions work seamlessly in parallel with Sender
ID. We feel that the integrity of Email as a vehicle for business activities
relies upon the quick emergence of authenticated email technologies and that
any delay in the adoption of Sender ID will not meet anyone's best
interests.

John Wylie
IT Director
Metamail Corporation



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Subject: In support of Sender ID
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 09:33:40 -0700
Message-ID: <D0EE878F9E7A6C49AA2A4FF0520CA0835A24A7@exch1.corp.cloudmark.com>
Thread-Topic: In support of Sender ID
Thread-Index: AcSR08UZRG785Ps9RDijweJzu7h/yg==
From: "Leon Rishniw" <leon@cloudmark.com>
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As a supporter of both commercial and opensource software models,
Cloudmark does not see any issue with the Sender ID IPR license with
regard to implemention or redistribution of Sender ID in its commercial
products.  Cloudmark intends to implement and support all popular
authentication schemes, including Sender ID, SPF and other variants.

We are satisfied that Microsoft has extended coverage in the agreement
to all Microsoft IPR that is relevant to the implementation of Sender
ID. Additionally, the reciprocal license issue is limited to IPR related
to Sender ID, which is sufficiently restricted for our needs.

-leon
=20
--
Leon Rishniw
Cloudmark, Inc.
415-543-1220
leon@cloudmark.com
=20

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1458" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV>
<P><SPAN class=3D428374515-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana><FONT =
size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D603040716-03092004>As a supporter of both commercial and =
opensource=20
software models, </SPAN>Cloudmark does not see any issue with the Sender =
ID IPR=20
license with regard to implemention or redistribution of&nbsp;Sender ID =
in its=20
commercial products.&nbsp; Cloudmark intends to implement and support =
all=20
popular authentication schemes, including Sender ID, SPF and other=20
variants.</FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><FONT face=3DVerdana><FONT size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D428374515-03092004>We are=20
satisfied</SPAN>&nbsp;that Microsoft has extended coverage in the =
agreement to=20
all Microsoft IPR that is relevant to the implementation of Sender ID.=20
Additionally, the reciprocal license issue is limited to IPR related to =
Sender=20
ID, which is sufficiently restricted for our =
needs.</FONT></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana=20
size=3D2>-leon</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana=20
size=3D2>--</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana size=3D2>Leon =

Rishniw</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana =
size=3D2>Cloudmark,=20
Inc.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana=20
size=3D2>415-543-1220</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"mailto:leon@cloudmark.com">leon@cloudmark.com</A></FONT></SPAN></=
DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D603040716-03092004><FONT face=3DVerdana=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 12:57:40 2004
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To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
Subject: Re: DOC-BUG: permitted use of PRA/submitter address
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 11:51:39 +0200, Stephane Bortzmeyer
<bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote:
> > * I am on vacation, and receive mail which lists my own address in
> > the To: or CC: fields, and does not have any indications such as
> > "Precedence: list/bulk/junk" that it is from a mailing list.  I wish
> > for my filter to notify the sender that I will not be responding for
> > a week.  Should I send the notification to the MAIL-FROM address, as
> > I currently do, or to the PRA?
> 
> RFC 2822 and 3834 are quite clear, IMHO.
> 
> 2822 :
> 
>    Resent fields are
>    strictly informational.  They MUST NOT be used in the normal
>    processing of replies or other such automatic actions on messages.
> 
> 2822 :
> 
>    When the "Reply-To:" field is present, it
>    indicates the mailbox(es) to which the author of the message suggests
>    that replies be sent.  In the absence of the "Reply-To:" field,
>    replies SHOULD by default be sent to the mailbox(es) specified in the
>    "From:" field unless otherwise specified by the person composing the
>    reply.
> 
> 3834 :
> 
>    Similarly, the Sender field SHOULD NOT be used as the destination for
>    automatic responses.  This field is intended only to identify the
>    person or entity that sent the message, and is not required to
>    contain an address that is valid for replies.

This is very useful information.  If it could be included in a
non-normative paragraph of the standard, I think it would avoid a lot
of mis-use of addresses.

(Incidentally, this is slightly off-topic, but is still fine to send
mail to the Return-Path, even this address might be the same as
Sender:?)

David



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Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR: Name of SUBMITTER parameter
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 09:40:10 -0700
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On Friday, September 03, 2004 9:20 AM, Matthew.van.Eerde@hbinc.com
wrote:

> wayne wrote:
> > In <16695.45036.160556.552577@giles.gnomon.org.uk> Roy Badami 
> > <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:
> >>     MAIL FROM:<foo@bar> PRA=<baz@qux>
> >> 
> >> is far more natural than the SUBMITTER alternative.
> > So, I think we can count at least four people who would like to see 
> > SUBMITTER= renamed to PRA=.
> 
> I respectfully disagree.  Acronyms are harder to understand 
> than fully-spelled-out names.  A search on AcronymFinder for 
> PRA returned 41 results:
> Paint Research Association (UK)
> Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
> Parabolic Reflector Antenna
> Parti pour le Renouveau Algerien
> Participatory Rural Appraisal
> 
> How about spelling PRA out rather than using the acronym?
> 
> Matthew.van.Eerde@hbinc.com                      805.964.4554 x902
> Hispanic Business Inc./HireDiversity.com         Software Engineer
> perl -e"map{y/a-z/l-za-k/;print}shift" "Jjhi pcdiwtg Ptga wprztg,"
> 

Actually, I prefer the name SUBMITTER and would like to stick with it.
I believe that, from the sender's perspective, the name accurately
conveys what the parameter means.  It is only on the receiving side that
the value becomes "purported."



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Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 18:46:29 +0200
From: Arnt Gulbrandsen <arnt@gulbrandsen.priv.no>
To: Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?
Cc: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>,
        "william(at)elan.net"
  <william@elan.net>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Jim Lyon writes:
> In spite of William's repeated assertions that it can't be done, we 
> have built prototypes internally that do exactly that. They work.

What happens if a message is sent on Saturday, the sender publishes a 
new policy on Sunday, and the recipient's MUA attempts to verify the 
message on Monday?

Arnt



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 13:36:05 2004
Received: from above.proper.com (above.proper.com [208.184.76.39])
	by ietf.org (8.9.1a/8.9.1a) with ESMTP id NAA00291
	for <marid-archive@lists.ietf.org>; Fri, 3 Sep 2004 13:36:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from above.proper.com (localhost.vpnc.org [127.0.0.1])
	by above.proper.com (8.12.11/8.12.9) with ESMTP id i83HBdBe038802;
	Fri, 3 Sep 2004 10:11:39 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org)
Received: (from majordom@localhost)
	by above.proper.com (8.12.11/8.12.9/Submit) id i83HBd5A038801;
	Fri, 3 Sep 2004 10:11:39 -0700 (PDT)
X-Authentication-Warning: above.proper.com: majordom set sender to owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org using -f
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	for <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>; Fri, 3 Sep 2004 10:11:39 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from fanf2@hermes.cam.ac.uk)
Received: from hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk ([131.111.8.51]:43755)
	by ppsw-8.csi.cam.ac.uk (ppsw.cam.ac.uk [131.111.8.138]:25)
	with esmtp (Exim 4.34)
	id 1C3Hb4-0007qM-5W (return-path fanf2@hermes.cam.ac.uk)
	for ietf-mxcomp@imc.org; Fri, 03 Sep 2004 18:11:34 +0100
Received: from fanf2 (helo=localhost)
	by hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk with local-esmtp (Exim 4.34)
	id 1C3Hb4-0008C1-3s
	for ietf-mxcomp@imc.org; Fri, 03 Sep 2004 18:11:34 +0100
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 18:11:34 +0100
From: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
X-X-Sender: fanf2@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: DOC_BUG: -submitter processing
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409031804230.15977@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
X-Cam-ScannerInfo: http://www.cam.ac.uk/cs/email/scanner/
X-Cam-AntiVirus: No virus found
X-Cam-SpamDetails: Not scanned
Sender: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
Precedence: bulk
List-Archive: <http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/>
List-Unsubscribe: <mailto:ietf-mxcomp-request@imc.org?body=unsubscribe>
List-ID: <ietf-mxcomp.imc.org>



Section 4.2:

   If these tests indicate that the connecting SMTP client is not
   authorized to transmit e-mail messages on behalf of the SUBMITTER
   domain, the receiving SMTP server SHOULD reject the message and when
   rejecting MUST use "550 5.7.1 Submitter not allowed."

What if the SMTP server doesn't support ENHANCED-STATUS-CODES? What about
error message i18n and l10n? The same comments apply to the next two
paragraphs. There's also no reference to RFC 3463 in the draft.

   Verifying MTAs are strongly urged to validate the SUBMITTER parameter
   against the RFC 2822 headers; otherwise, an attacker can trivially
   defeat the algorithm.

Is that a MUST or a SHOULD? Isn't it redundant with the previous paragraph
but one?

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
FISHER GERMAN BIGHT: SOUTHERLY 3 OR 4. MAINLY FAIR. MODERATE OR GOOD.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 13:38:32 2004
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	Fri, 3 Sep 2004 10:16:50 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org)
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	by above.proper.com (8.12.11/8.12.9/Submit) id i83HGoRD039527;
	Fri, 3 Sep 2004 10:16:50 -0700 (PDT)
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	(envelope-from rmalayter@bai.org)
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Content-Class: urn:content-classes:message
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="us-ascii"
Subject: RE: In support of Sender ID
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 12:16:44 -0500
Message-ID: <792DE28E91F6EA42B4663AE761C41C2A02CEBAD6@cliff.bai.org>
Thread-Topic: In support of Sender ID
thread-index: AcSR12hOyqZQbDPLSkC20CpYQjiuBgAAR+oA
From: "Ryan Malayter" <rmalayter@bai.org>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by above.proper.com id i83HGouo039522
Sender: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit


[Mark C. Langston]
> Could we perhaps dispense with the corporate (particularly executive)
> endorsement posts for Sender-ID?  I thought people in the IETF
> represented themselves.  The few times I've seen products 
> mentioned, it was by the /developers/ of said products.
> 

We are all posting as individuals, except perhaps for "AccuSpam", which
seems to be both a company and a person. If someone supports their
organization's position on the Sender ID proposal, it is a somehow less
valid endorsement? Even if they - horror of horrors - support SenderID
as an individual BECAUSE their organization supports it?

Obviously, you've got your knickers in a twist because these posters
disagree with you. These posters are not violating any of the rules of
this forum, as far as I can tell.






From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 13:41:04 2004
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	(envelope-from owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org)
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Message-ID: <94df60cf040903101569c44ad@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 13:15:13 -0400
From: <mazieres@gmail.com>
Reply-To: <mazieres@gmail.com>
To: Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
Cc: Kevin Peuhkurinen <kevin.peuhkurinen@HEPCOE.com>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409030859020.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
References: <008801c49118$8321a780$6401a8c0@JTHSony>
	 <41376D09.1000400@hepcoe.com>
	 <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409021245440.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
	 <94df60cf04090213282ae5c57b@mail.gmail.com>
	 <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409021411570.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
	 <94df60cf04090216057a06d0cc@mail.gmail.com>
	 <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409030859020.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
Sender: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
Precedence: bulk
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List-ID: <ietf-mxcomp.imc.org>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit


On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 09:14:43 -0700 (PDT), Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> wrote:
> On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 mazieres@gmail.com wrote:
> 
> > My challenge remains... describe a concrete scenario that requires
> > Sender ID, and that could not achieve the same effective result with
> > SPF-classic.  Vague references to banks don't convince me any more,
> 
> The following is not a vague reference, but an actual planned deployment
> (I just can't tell you who is planning it for obvious reasons):
> 
> Large Bank communicates with numerous customers addresses at Large ISP.
> Large ISP has indicated that they will verify inbound authentication
> credentials and has negotiated preferred delivery of authenticated mail
> from Large Bank's domain.  Large ISP has given Large Bank the ability to
> add a limited number of bank-controlled domains to the Large ISP preferred
> whitelist.
> 
> Large Bank has quite a bit of customer email delivered by a third party.
> This third party delivers mail with a bounce address (MAIL FROM) of
> outsource.com (so they can do the bounce processing), but a From: header
> of largebank.com.  Large ISP will only whitelist largebank.com (because
> that is who the ISP/Bank customers want to hear from, they don't care
> about hearing from outsource.com).
> 
> In this case, Sender ID would let Large ISP whitelist largebank.com and
> still allow outsource.com to deliver mail for the bank (as long as the
> bank's DNS records let it do so), /and/ continue to process bounces
> properly.  SPF doesn't permit From: header whitelisting (at best) and
> breaks bounce handling (at worst).

Okay, now suppose SPF-classic were adopted as a standard.  Large ISP
would now whitelist MAIL-FROM addresses in *.largebank.com instead of
whitelisting those addresses in the PRA.

If the bank wants outsource.com to send the mail, it sets up either a
CNAME, or else:

$ORIGIN largebank.com.
outsource MX 10 largebank-bounces.outsource.com.
outsource TXT "v=spf1 include:spf.outsource.com -all"

And outsource.com now sends mail using bounce address
"outsource.largebank.com."  (As a bonus, if for some reason
outsource.com had to be fired quickly, largebank could redirect
bounces quickly to their replacement.)

Now, of course, just as phisher could always use a PRA of
postmaster@phisher.com with a From: address of largebank.com, the
phisher can also use a MAIL-FROM address of postmaster@phisher.com. 
But again, just as in your example, the mail would not be whitelisted,
which is the desired result.

The mechanisms are slighly different, but the achieved security policy
is the same.  I'm sure that largebank.com and outsource.com would be
happy to use either approach depending on what got standardized.

David



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 13:48:03 2004
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	(envelope-from owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org)
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Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 10:25:48 -0700
From: "Mark C. Langston" <mark@bitshift.org>
To: Ryan Malayter <rmalayter@bai.org>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: In support of Sender ID
Message-ID: <20040903172548.GD55407@bitshift.org>
References: <792DE28E91F6EA42B4663AE761C41C2A02CEBAD6@cliff.bai.org>
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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 12:16:44PM -0500, Ryan Malayter wrote:
> 
> [Mark C. Langston]
> > Could we perhaps dispense with the corporate (particularly executive)
> > endorsement posts for Sender-ID?  I thought people in the IETF
> > represented themselves.  The few times I've seen products 
> > mentioned, it was by the /developers/ of said products.
> > 
> 
> We are all posting as individuals

I quote from the most recent instance of this behavior, to which I
responded:

"As a supporter of both commercial and opensource software models,
Cloudmark does not see any issue with the Sender ID IPR license with"

US corporate law not withstanding, Cloudmark is not an individual.


-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 14:04:29 2004
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References: <008801c49118$8321a780$6401a8c0@JTHSony>
	<41376D09.1000400@hepcoe.com>
	<Pine.LNX.4.51.0409021245440.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
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	<94df60cf04090216057a06d0cc@mail.gmail.com>
	<Pine.LNX.4.51.0409030859020.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Fri, 03 Sep 2004 18:37:58 +0100
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409030859020.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com> (Rand
	Wacker's message of "Fri, 3 Sep 2004 09:14:43 -0700 (PDT)")
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Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:

> Large Bank has quite a bit of customer email delivered by a third party.
> This third party delivers mail with a bounce address (MAIL FROM) of
> outsource.com (so they can do the bounce processing), but a From: header
> of largebank.com.  Large ISP will only whitelist largebank.com (because
> that is who the ISP/Bank customers want to hear from, they don't care
> about hearing from outsource.com).

And prior to Sender-ID being published, a recipient looking at the
headers will see that the mail was not sent from largebank.com and at
least some of them might discard the email as not genuine - especially
as phishing is so rife at the moment. If instead of this they were to
create a sub-domain 'outsource.largebank.com' for outsource.com to use
and set up the DNS for that sub-domain to point to outsource.com's
servers then both SPF1 would work *and* customers examining the
headers would see that it comes from a host within largebank.com and
would therefore put more trust in the authenticity of the emails.

As I have said before, organisations like largebank.com who use third
party domains in their emails are making life easier for phishers. If
customers see genuine emails sent from third party domains, they are
less likely to suspect the forged emails sent by phishers.



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Sam Varshavchik wrote:

>
> Ummm, MSFT can certainly sue for an injunction prohibiting the F/OSS 
> developer from using patented IP without a license.

    You can not get a broad "nobody can infringe on my patent anywhere" 
injucntion. M$ would have to institute proceedings against each 
individial infringer.
   
    I beleive preliminary injunctions are granted based on the 
likelyhood of M$ to prevail, the patent will be presumed valid, But if 
there are substantial questions regarding
whether there is actual infringement an injuction will not likely be 
granted. They are also granted based on the potential harm to the patent 
holder. Since all Microsoft is asking for
 a license is registration, the damages that an injunction would prevent 
probably are not significant enough to warant one.


>
> Since, as you've acknowledged, the F/OSS developer is not likely to 
> have the financial resources for a protracted fight, and challenging 
> the patent, Microsoft's legal expenses will be rather minimal.
>
> Do you think that there would be any value for Microsoft in blocking a 
> competing F/OSS implementation of Sender-ID?


    M$ can not afford a fight either. They may have plenty of money, but 
they are significantly short on good will. The DOJ may have wimped out 
for the moment, but they are still watching things. Ashcroft is not
a Freind of Bill, the Democrats if elected are even less so. The EU is 
still proceeding, and world markets are enormously Microsoft unfriendly.

    M$ will benefit enormously by playing a key role in this standard. 
Everyone will suffer if they do not.
    Conversly, they will suffer if they are perceived as an impediment 
to the solution to this problem. M$ has an enormous PR problem. I can 
not think of a major company that is perceived of so poorly.
   
    The resources available in an F/OSS vs. Microsoft engagement might 
prove much more significant than you perceive. The SCO vs. IBM case 
might be more of a model.
    In the event they beleive it is in their own self interests - and 
weakening Microsoft may be in most of the rest of the industries self 
interest. A significant amount of Linux's current success, can be attributed
    to industry efforts to prick Microsoft. I would also not 
underestimate the desire of other major corporate sponsors to take a 
possition that makes them look like the good guy. Further ignoring the 
resources from
    Linux corporate sponsors. F/OSS has gottent large enough and 
cohesive enough to fend for itself. While there might be some F/OSS 
legal resources available, the research resources would be enormous.
    Again witness the SCO vs. IBM dispute. Research is the bane of any 
IP claim. Prior art is somewhat difficult and often expensive for a 
small business to prove, But the F/OSS community can probably provide 
Published prior art
for just about any software concept. I understand there ar 2,000,000 
F/OSS developers. Most are deeply steeped in this industry.

    Again using the SCO vs. IBM conflict as a model. I would note that 
Microsoft clearly wants SCO to triumph, but to the same extent has been 
unwilling to take a high profile stance.
    Microsft can not afford to be on the wrong side of SPAMmers vs. the 
rest of us, or Micorosoft vs. F/OSS.


    If you wish to attribute evil intentions to Microsoft here, the only 
scenario I see where they win is one where they get to claim to have 
contributed to a standard, while F/OSS developers self regulate and 
refuse to
    impliment it because of Microsoft's License. IP rights and patent 
law are just tools. The real battleground is one of perception. 
Microsoft is not below sabotaging F/OSS, but is unlikely to want a 
direct public confrontation.
    Microsoft is pretty bad at PR, but they are pretty good at finding 
the weaknesses of their competition and trying to exploit them.

       F/OSS developers and distributors are not going to support a 
standard that requires sending a signed license to Microsoft. Getting 
that scenario is a WIN for Microsoft. Microsoft gets to claim a 
standards compliant solution and all the F/OSS players leave the feild 
to commercial developers. If some F/OSS developer does move forward 
without licensing Sender-ID from Microsoft,  M$ starts a PR campaign 
about the lack of respect F/OSS has for IP and how they are all just a 
bunch of untrustworthy hackers anyway.

    The losing scenario for Microsoft is the perception that M$ 
splintered MARID. Leaving us all with either weaker or not broadly 
implimented solutions to this problem.

    Regardless, our responsibility has little to do with Microsoft. It 
is to get the best standard with the broadest possible implimentation. 
If we reject Sender-ID we may loose Microsoft which would be bad. If we 
do not
    we lose F/OSS which would be worse.


   



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Ryan Malayter wrote:
> [Mark C. Langston]
> 
>>Could we perhaps dispense with the corporate (particularly executive)
>>endorsement posts for Sender-ID?  I thought people in the IETF
>>represented themselves.  The few times I've seen products 
>>mentioned, it was by the /developers/ of said products.
>>
> 
> We are all posting as individuals, except perhaps for "AccuSpam", which
> seems to be both a company and a person. If someone supports their
> organization's position on the Sender ID proposal, it is a somehow less
> valid endorsement? Even if they - horror of horrors - support SenderID
> as an individual BECAUSE their organization supports it?
> 
> Obviously, you've got your knickers in a twist because these posters
> disagree with you. These posters are not violating any of the rules of
> this forum, as far as I can tell.
> 

They are providing information on potential deployment. I find that 
information valuable.

Also, lets not lose sight of the fact that all these various people and 
companies are actually agreeing to deploy Sender-ID. That is a big 
accomplishment for something that isn't even a standard yet.

Yakov



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[wayne]
>This makes no sense.
> 
>There is *zero* reason to believe that if MS wins IETF approval of the
>current license that they will change later on.  MS has been under a
>lot of preasure for months and they really have barely budged on the
>critical issues even when it is clear they risk getting approval.
> 
>>...or a nonincumbered algorithm with similar 
>>effectiveness to
>>PRA can be found and substitiuted.
> 
>What you are saying here is that we wouldn't be accepting SenderID!
>
>So, if you are willing to accept something other than SenderID, why
>don't you demand a better license *before* it gets approved?

My apologies... my post *was* rather unclear.

My position is that the MS license is "free and open enough" for my
purposes, and those of many others.

My position also assumes that there *can* be changes to these drafts
before final ratification, including finding an alternative to the PRA
document if it is ultimately deemed necessary. If that is not the case,
please let me know; I thought nothing was "final" until ratification.

My position is that SenderID will be useful in its current form for a
lot of people, including me, my organization, and my clients. 

Basically, I do not want to see SenderID and all the work that has been
done discarded. I also don't want to lose the MS partnership in this
process, and therefore lose all the mailboxes and MTAs to which MS can
easily deploy an authentication standard. Personally, I'd rather go
forward with the IP issues than see SenderID killed now.

--
Ryan





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[Mark C. Langston]
>US corporate law not withstanding, Cloudmark is not an individual.

I submit that the From address of the message in question was "Leon
Rishniw". As you say, we are supposed to assume we all represent
ourselves as individuals here.

So to me, that message says "Leon Rishniw supports SenderID because
Cloudmark organizationally supports it." That's his opinion, and I think
he's just as entitled to express it as you are entitled to express
yours.



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Tony Finch wrote:

> 
> Section 4.2:
> 
>    If these tests indicate that the connecting SMTP client is not
>    authorized to transmit e-mail messages on behalf of the SUBMITTER
>    domain, the receiving SMTP server SHOULD reject the message and when
>    rejecting MUST use "550 5.7.1 Submitter not allowed."
> 
> What if the SMTP server doesn't support ENHANCED-STATUS-CODES? What about
> error message i18n and l10n? The same comments apply to the next two
> paragraphs. There's also no reference to RFC 3463 in the draft.

I don't remember that SMTP error messages support i18n. I think only 
ASCII is allowed.

Yakov



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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 01:08:07PM -0500, Ryan Malayter wrote:
> 
> [Mark C. Langston]
> >US corporate law not withstanding, Cloudmark is not an individual.
> 
> I submit that the From address of the message in question was "Leon
> Rishniw". As you say, we are supposed to assume we all represent
> ourselves as individuals here.
> 
> So to me, that message says "Leon Rishniw supports SenderID because
> Cloudmark organizationally supports it." That's his opinion, and I think
> he's just as entitled to express it as you are entitled to express
> yours.

So you'll be okay with all those people speaking up for their
organizations, stating that their organizations won't be implementing
it?

Fair enough.  The SETI Institute won't be implementing Sender-ID.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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[Mark C. Langston]
>So you'll be okay with all those people speaking up for their
>organizations, stating that their organizations won't be implementing
>it?

Of course. I think it's valuable for people to say here, "I don't
support SenderID because my org feels they cannot implement it". 

Isn't that what this voting process all about? Approval or disapproval
should still be taken as your personal opinion, but one of your
motivations is the applicability of the standard to your organization.

>Fair enough.  The SETI Institute won't be implementing Sender-ID.

Noted.

--
Ryan



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> I quote from the most recent instance of this behavior, to which I
> responded:
> 
> "As a supporter of both commercial and opensource software 
> models, Cloudmark does not see any issue with the Sender ID 
> IPR license with"
> 
> US corporate law not withstanding, Cloudmark is not an individual.

My posting is specifically a response to corporate IPR issues and there
are substantially different issues the applicability of the Sender ID
licensing terms for companies, individuals and the opensource community,
I consider it important that all entities are represented to a managed
extent in this discussion.


-leon



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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 11:22:16AM -0700, Leon Rishniw wrote:
> 
> > I quote from the most recent instance of this behavior, to which I
> > responded:
> > 
> > "As a supporter of both commercial and opensource software 
> > models, Cloudmark does not see any issue with the Sender ID 
> > IPR license with"
> > 
> > US corporate law not withstanding, Cloudmark is not an individual.
> 
> My posting is specifically a response to corporate IPR issues and there
> are substantially different issues the applicability of the Sender ID
> licensing terms for companies, individuals and the opensource community,
> I consider it important that all entities are represented to a managed
> extent in this discussion.


So you aren't posting as an individual?

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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Mark C. Langston wrote:

> On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 11:22:16AM -0700, Leon Rishniw wrote:
> 
>>>I quote from the most recent instance of this behavior, to which I
>>>responded:
>>>
>>>"As a supporter of both commercial and opensource software 
>>>models, Cloudmark does not see any issue with the Sender ID 
>>>IPR license with"
>>>
>>>US corporate law not withstanding, Cloudmark is not an individual.
>>
>>My posting is specifically a response to corporate IPR issues and there
>>are substantially different issues the applicability of the Sender ID
>>licensing terms for companies, individuals and the opensource community,
>>I consider it important that all entities are represented to a managed
>>extent in this discussion.
> 
> 
> 
> So you aren't posting as an individual?
> 

Its not worth arguing over on the list. People and companies are free to 
express their opinions. Remember that Apache's opinion is coming on 
behalf of the organization.

Yakov



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Couple concise thoughts if I may:

	I think I'd rather have someone say what their intent is, rather
than hammering away and not disclosing their rationale/motivation. That
being said Of course I DON'T want to see those posts either, you just
haven't considered the parallel to it.......

	If you're going to take this tack then people shouldn't mention
their open source licenses and how microsoft's IPR is incompatible, because
that is just the analogue. Of course in this arena championing open source
is much more "Politically Correct" if you will, and this bias slips into a
LOT of peoples posts. I've seen QUITE a few posts saying "we can't do this
because MS IPR etc etc etc".

	Personally I don't think anything but technical issues should be
discussed. IF IPR ends up being an issue than this will NEVER become an
official standard as wide depolyment is requisite for that. If it doesn't
GREAT!

	Probably the best reason I can think of to limit this to technical
discussion is that listening to lawyers is a waste of our time (no offense
legal folk... Err....) , when this IS in fact a technical discussion. If
lawyers actually agreed on things then we'd not have judges or a legal
system. We should relish the fact that we operate in an area in which
objective points can be raised, evaluated and implemented.

So in summary:
-No "This is good for our business"
-No "this doesn't fit into our licensing scheme"
-No "Microsoft is the devil"
-No "Open source is the wave of the future"

	Let's talk about the issue we are here for, and stop treating this
like it's 5th grade elections as we try to champion our personal cause. 

	WHAT is going to solve the issue. HOW and WHY or WHY NOT.

Just my PERSONAL opinion on what we should be discussing. I hope I didn't
reveal any inclinations in supporting any of the periperhal issues, and if I
did it was unintentional. Let's get down to business!

-Tom 

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]
On Behalf Of Mark C. Langston
Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 9:56 AM
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: In support of Sender ID



Could we perhaps dispense with the corporate (particularly executive)
endorsement posts for Sender-ID?  I thought people in the IETF represented
themselves.  The few times I've seen products mentioned, it was by the
/developers/ of said products.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Matt Sergeant wrote:

> On 2 Sep 2004, at 23:06, Rand Wacker wrote:
>
> > As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from
> > large commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another
> > large commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully
> > authenticated.
>
> You're talking about the positive evaluation proposition of Sender-ID -
> that the From address is authenticated. Yet both Cyphertrust and
> SpamAssassin's stats show that the spammers are more on top of this
> than the legit mailers.

*NO*.  I am talking about using authentication status as the basis for a
new set of checks such as whitelisting.  I have been saying since the
beginning that spammers would authenticate their outbound mail in hipes
that someone would make the brain-dead assumption that "authenticated" ==
"wanted".

> This indicates to me that we need to be looking towards the negative
> evaluation proposition (i.e. the value in rejecting mail) that Sender-ID
> and/or SPF gives us, rather than hoping that a Sender-ID approved mail
> actually provides us with any benefits.

Sender ID approved mail provides you with the benefit in that it is
authenticating a well-comprehended user address, the From: header.  This
is something that's easy for users and admins to comprehend and whitelist.
Whitelisting of the envelope is more complex and won't be understood by a
large portion of users out there.

Everyone on this list has also admitted that *no* IP-based scheme can
authenticate more than one hop prior to when you receive a message, and we
all seem to agree that the right long term approach is a crypto-based
solution.  Sender ID gives you a nearer-term benefit for large
business-to-ISP or large ISP-to-ISP mail delivery, where you /can/
authenticate the from header (stuff that goes through forwarding hops be
damned seems to be the consensus of anyone pushing *any* IP-based
solution).

Sender ID also has a more graceful workaround for the forwarding hops that
want to become compliant.  SRS has some severe technical failings, so
much so that source routing was completely abandoned 15 to 20 years ago as
unworkable.

Everyone knows that there are limitations to what Sender ID can do, but it
brings a good enough benefit to a large enough percentage of mail that it
is worth moving forward with (as long as the licensing issues can be
worked out).  SPF solves a different problem and brings a whole host of
other technical issues to the table.

-Rand



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Subject: Re: Obstacles between us and the finish line
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At 8:13 PM -0500 9/2/04, wayne wrote:
>
>  > 4) IP licensing:  I'm not dogmatic about the GPL or commercial
>>  licenses, but there are significant MTAs and mail filters that fall
>>  under both kinds of licenses, and several others to boot.  I think
>>  that any proposal that has incompatible IP licensing needs to be
>>  dropped.
>
>Sadly, in response to this post back in July, Ted Hardie (the IETF
>Area Director for this WG), told us to stop worry about IP licensing
>issues.  I believe the mess we are in right now is a direct result of
>this.  Instead of getting the IP licensing issue resolved *much*
>earlier on, we now have a crisis and a no-win situation.

There's no reference to which post of mine is meant, but I
assume http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02748.html
is the one to which this refers.

That post did not say "stop worrying about the licensing issues",
it said "Discuss licensing in terms of the engineering decisions"
or more fully:

>Comments based solely on the licensing terms without regard to the engineering
>choices they affect *do not speak to the question working groups need to
>decide*.   The sudden appearance of new working group participants
>after postings inviting them to comment is welcome *if they contribute to
>the engineering discussion*.  But if you are here to comment on licensing
>outside of the engineering context, you are wasting your electrons.

Several posters since that point have made very clear posts describing
the engineering choices and deployment mechanisms which would have to
change in the context of their reading of this license.  I again point
to Eric's post as one example; there are others.

Saying "I don't like this" means nothing.  Saying "I won't implement this"
or "I will deploy this" means something.  Saying "To do this I would have
to implement an external filter mechanism in my MTA and distribute 
the Sender-ID
filter separately under this license.  The cost of that external filter
mechanism development plus the filter development isn't worth
the spam reduction costs in my environment.  If someone contributed the code
for the external filter mechanism,  however, I would be willing to work
on code efficiency and provide a pointer to an external filter" gives
a lot more for the group to work with.

				Ted Hardie



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Jim Lyon
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 12:57 PM
> To: Arnt Gulbrandsen
> Cc: Michael R. Brumm; william(at)elan.net; IETF MARID WG
> Subject: RE: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?
>
>
>
> On Friday, September 03, 2004 at 9:46 AM, Arnt Gulbrandsen wrote:
> > What happens if a message is sent on Saturday, the sender publishes a
> > new policy on Sunday, and the recipient's MUA attempts to verify the
> > message on Monday?
>
> If I recall correctly, in the original CallerID spec:
>
> 1. If you're retiring use of an MTA, your record should continue
>    to reference it for at least 28 days after it last sent outgoing
>    mail.  and
>
> 2. An MUA must not attempt to validate messages received by their
>    org more than 28 days ago.
>
>
> -- Jim Lyon
>
Then we need to add those rules to the Sender-ID RFCs or prohibit MUA level
Sender-ID validation.

Recommend we add to core, page 8, paragraph 7.5:

   If an MUA is going to accomplish Sender-ID validation, the MUA
   MUST NOT attempt to validate messages received by their
   organization more than 28 days ago.

Recommend we add to protocol, page 24, a new paragraph 6.3:

6.3  Record Maintenance Time Requirements

   When sender policies change, it is important that old mechanisms
   not be remove prematurely.  Temporary errors between MTAs can
   legitimately delay mail delivery for several days.  Sender-ID
   validation by receiving MUAs may occur as much as 28 days after
   the message has been successfully received, see [CORE].

   Obsolete mechanisms SHOULD NOT be removed from permitted sender
   records until at least 32 days after the last legitimate use of
   the mail sender defined by that mechanism.  Earlier removal
   incurs the risk that legitimate mail will fail Sender-ID checks.

I say should not rather than may not because there are no doubt reasons that
senders might want to take the risk that mail would be lost rather than
leave the obsolete mechanism in the record.  Compromise of an MTA is one
reason that comes to mind.

32 is my uneducated guess, I welcome corrections.  I think it should be 28
days plus however long should be allowed for delayed delivery due to
transient errors.

Scott Kitterman



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Subject: Re: In support of Sender ID
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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 01:53:59PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
> They are providing information on potential deployment. I find that 
> information valuable.
> 
> Also, lets not lose sight of the fact that all these various people and 
> companies are actually agreeing to deploy Sender-ID. That is a big 
> accomplishment for something that isn't even a standard yet.
> 


I've thought about what you said above, and I agree with it.  I'm afraid
the recent discussions have gotten to me, and without clear focus from
the chairs, it seems to have become an "anything goes" topic.  It is
that to which I was reacting...and reacting poorly.  For that, I
apologize.

However, there's another issue underlying my reaction that I think still
holds water:  I wouldn't want to see the issue clouded by perceived
weight of name, or money, or implied size-of-support, which is what I
think the original IETF dictum regarding individuals was meant to
forestall:  Bob Everyperson saying, "I support/do not support foo" is
viewed -- often subconsciously and erroneously -- as having less weight
in the discussion when Well Known Multinational, Inc. comes in and says
the same thing, even though Mr. Everyperson's argument may be more
technically substantive, or when WKM, Inc. statement is simply one of
support or rejection, no more.

I have every confidence in the chairs that they will not allow such
things to unduly sway their decision with respect to consensus , but
such things nonetheless tend to colour the discussion, often negatively.

I've said my piece, and won't bring the issue up again.


-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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Rand Wacker wrote:
> On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Matt Sergeant wrote:
> 
> 
>>On 2 Sep 2004, at 23:06, Rand Wacker wrote:
>>
>>
>>>As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from
>>>large commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another
>>>large commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully
>>>authenticated.
>>
>>You're talking about the positive evaluation proposition of Sender-ID -
>>that the From address is authenticated. Yet both Cyphertrust and
>>SpamAssassin's stats show that the spammers are more on top of this
>>than the legit mailers.
> 
> 
> *NO*.  I am talking about using authentication status as the basis for a
> new set of checks such as whitelisting.  I have been saying since the
> beginning that spammers would authenticate their outbound mail in hipes
> that someone would make the brain-dead assumption that "authenticated" ==
> "wanted".
> 

It can also serve as a basis for reputation and accreditation systems.

Remember that spam is multipronged, and this is another tool in the 
toolbox. No one is talking about this as the final solution for spam.

Yakov



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From: Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: DEPLOY: Rejection of Sender ID does not result in standardization
 of SPF Classic
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Over the past two weeks I've seen two kinds of posts to this mailing list:

1) "Here are some technical/legal issues I have with the last call specs,
can we ammend the spec or come up with a well-known workaround?"

2) "I refuse to accept Sender ID for reason X, I vote we dump it and
standardize SPF."

If people saying the latter would state their reason and then be done I
wouldn't be getting so frustrated, but the "standardize SPF" comments are
what really make this process difficult.  There is no either-or in this
discussion.

As the chairs have indicated, we are to be discussing Sender ID on its
technical/legal/real-world merits.  If the group decides to /not/ move
forward and submit the Sender ID drafts to the IESG for whatever reason,
fine, that's the choice of the group.  No-one here should be under the
impression that scuttling Sender ID at this time will give SPF Classic any
fast track through the standards process.  Sender ID and SPF are not
equivalent standards and can not be considered as alternatives to each
other.

I look forward to debating SPF Classic, CSV, MPR, BATV, etc etc etc AT
WHATEVER POINT THE CHAIRS DEEM APPROPRIATE, but this is not that time.
Saying that you want to scuttle Sender ID simply because you prefer SPF is
non-constructive to this group.  In fact, the longer these debates get
drawn out the longer we are prevented from constructively discussing
other approaches which you may prefer!

-Rand



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From: "Mark C. Langston" <mark@bitshift.org>
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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References: <JFEEKKACNPKMBKAPGGFOOEGKFJAA.me@michaelbrumm.com> <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409021501000.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com> <4042BB90-FD92-11D8-B236-000A95AC67AA@messagelabs.com> <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409031208170.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com> <4138CA8C.5070004@solidmatrix.com>
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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 03:48:28PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
> It can also serve as a basis for reputation and accreditation systems.
> 
> Remember that spam is multipronged, and this is another tool in the 
> toolbox. No one is talking about this as the final solution for spam.

It's important to realize that there is no one single "solution for
spam".  Much like the security arena, any successful anti-spam strategy
will need to take a "layered onion" approach:  multiple, diverse tools
and techniques, none sufficient on their own, that provide a
comprehensive solution when deployed together.  This means that a robust
anti-spam solution will encompass authentication, reputation,
acceditation, whitelisting, blacklisting, filtering, and other
techniques, at various points in an organization's infrastructure.

There is no anti-spam magic bullet, nor a simple, all-in-one appliance
with a single management interface that'll solve all your spam problems.
A single firewall does not a security strategy make; a single anti-spam
tool does not an anti-spam strategy make.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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From: "Craig Taylor" <ctaylor@ironport.com>
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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Both Yakov , Thomas and others have made calls to focus on technical
issues, so here's a strictly technical issue.

One of the weakness of SenderID is its exclusive focus on the last hop.
If I receive my email via an alumni forwarding MTA, the alumni MTA might
or might not run the SenderID check but regardless the MTA probably
still accepts and passes the message through because it is a forwarder.
When the message arrives at my MTA I can run the SenderID check but
again I'll accept the message because it is coming from my alumni
forwarder.  What I'd like to know is if the connection to my forwarder
failed the SenderID test.

Having as part of the standard some sort of x-header that well-behaving
forwarders used would allow me to look beyond the last hop.  For
example, "x-senderid-result receiver=3Dforwarder.com =
connecting-ip=3Dx.x.x.x
pra-result=3Dfail".  While such a record can be forged there is no =
reason
to forge failures (what would be the point). Knowing that somewhere in
the chain authentication has broken down would allow me to take further
action based on failed authentication.  In addition, the same header
could potentially be used to communicate between the MTA and the MUA but
that is another discussion probably best left to asrg.

Craig Taylor
VP, Technology
Ironport System

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<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1458" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV>
<P><FONT face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D972304019-03092004>Both Yakov=20
,&nbsp;Thomas and others have made calls to focus on technical issues, =
so here's=20
a strictly technical issue.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D972304019-03092004>One of the=20
weakness of SenderID is&nbsp;its exclusive focus on the last hop.&nbsp; =
If I=20
receive my email via an alumni forwarding MTA, the alumni MTA might or =
might not=20
run the SenderID check but regardless the MTA probably still accepts and =
passes=20
the message through because it is a forwarder.&nbsp; When the message =
arrives at=20
my MTA I can run the SenderID check but again I'll accept the message =
because it=20
is coming from my alumni forwarder.&nbsp; What I'd like to know is if =
the=20
connection to my forwarder failed the SenderID =
test.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D972304019-03092004>Having as part=20
of the standard some sort of x-header that well-behaving forwarders used =
would=20
allow me to look beyond the last hop.&nbsp; For=20
example,&nbsp;"x-senderid-result&nbsp;<FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>receiver=3Dforwarder.com connecting-ip=3Dx.x.x.x =
pra-result=3Dfail".&nbsp;=20
</FONT>While such a record can be forged there is no reason to =
forge&nbsp;<FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2>failures (what would be the point). Knowing that =
somewhere in=20
the chain authentication has&nbsp;broken&nbsp;</FONT><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>down would allow me to take further action based on=20
failed&nbsp;</FONT><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>authentication.&nbsp; In =
addition,=20
the same header could potentially be&nbsp;<FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>used to=20
communicate between the MTA and the MUA but that is =
another&nbsp;</FONT><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2>discussion probably best left to=20
asrg.</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><FONT face=3DArial><FONT =
size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D972304019-03092004><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004>Craig=20
Taylor</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D757101218-02092004>VP,=20
Technology</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D757101218-02092004>Ironport=20
System</SPAN></FONT></DIV></FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML=
>

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep  3 16:45:39 2004
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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: TECH-OMMISSION: Time Phasing Rules For Records Not Included In Core and Protocol (was RE: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?)
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 13:22:54 -0700
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On Sep 3, 2004, at 1:00 PM, Scott Kitterman wrote:
> Recommend we add to protocol, page 24, a new paragraph 6.3:
>
> 6.3  Record Maintenance Time Requirements
> ...

I would recommend against such inclusions.  I agree that the 
information given is sound advice for system administrators.  But, the 
technical scheme is hardly dependent on following such advice, nor will 
ignoring such advice lead to any major break down.  Such language 
belongs in a How-To document, not the draft.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "Rand Wacker" <rand@sendmail.com>
Subject: RE: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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Rand Wacker wrote:
> Sender ID also has a more graceful workaround for the forwarding hops that
> want to become compliant.

Yes, and the "graceful workaround" is also an open backdoor for injecting
forged DSNs. That is a technical failing.

Rand Wacker wrote:
> SRS has some severe technical failings, so much so that source routing
> was completely abandoned 15 to 20 years ago as unworkable.

SRS has no technical failings AFAIK, and it is being used successfully by
quite a few people on several MTA platforms. It isn't aesthetically
pleasing, but that isn't a technical fault. And your reference to source
routing makes me doubt you even understand what SRS is... How is source
routing relevant to SRS?

Rand Wacker wrote:
> Everyone knows that there are limitations to what Sender ID can do, but it
> brings a good enough benefit to a large enough percentage of mail that it
> is worth moving forward with (as long as the licensing issues can be
> worked out).

The MARID charter is "authenticate mail transfer".

The MARID charter isn't "make the largest percentage of existing mail
transfer appear to be authenticated".

There is a big difference between these two. The former means that an MTA
implementing MARID will be able to authenticate all mail from a domain
publishing MARID, now and in the future.

SenderID currently falls in the latter. An MTA implementing SenderID will
receive some types of mail which appear authenticated, but are not. In my
experience, partial protection is no protection at all.

Michael R. Brumm



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Rejection of Sender ID does not result in standardization  of SPF Classic
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From: Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com>
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Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:

> Over the past two weeks I've seen two kinds of posts to this mailing list:

This message is itself out of order.  It's neither an indication that
you will or will not implement Sender-ID (and I believe Sendmail has
already made their position clear).

I see nothing procedurally wrong or confusing about someone saying "I
cannot implement Sender-ID" and including an aside that someone could
implement SPF as it was last proposed.  You are right that the aside has
no bearing on whether or not the chairs believe there is consensus, only
the statements about Sender-ID.

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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To: Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?
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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

> On Thursday, September 02, 2004 at 7:38 PM, William Leibzon wrote:
> 
> > Microsoft may have misled others that SenderID and PRA algorithm can
> be 
> > used by MUAs to verify email (because of their dominance in MUA market
> on 
> > Windows PCs, they need something for MUAs). That is not true.
> 
> In spite of William's repeated assertions that it can't be done, we have
> built prototypes internally that do exactly that.  They work.
I assert that it works because you know exactly which mail server your MUA 
is connecting to and for general case MUAs would not work.
 
> Briefly, the algorithm is:
>   1. Grovel through the Received: headers to find the header
>      describing the hop where the message entered the current
>      organization.
Received headers have no standartization - there is not RFC requirement 
to add ip address of the client or its EHLO name into the header. How 
this information is entered in received header varies from MTA to MTA
(closest semi-standard is sendmail way of adding data into received).

Same system may add multiple received headers (qmail and postfix do in 
some cases) and there maybe several systems on receiving ISP end before 
email came to MDA, trying to determine which received header to check so 
that it is the one entered by MTA that received mail from external source 
is very hard and will lead to errors and may even cause to choose header 
that was forged by spammer.

>   2. Extract the PRA from the [Resent-] Sender and From headers
>      as usual.
In some cases PRA may have changed after received header (for example on 
receiving ISP end, mail was received by gateway, forwarded to intermediate 
system and then forwarded to MDA; forwarding server may have added its own
resent-from header resulting in MUA system checking its own ISP instead of 
external system).

>   3. Apply the SenderID algorithm.  [Actually, our prototypes 
>      used the earlier CallerID algorithm, but the point remains.]
> 
> William also implies that Microsoft would intentionally mislead people
> to believe that SenderID can be used in MUAs when it cannot.
> In the first place, I resent the insinuation.
I apologize if you understood my remarks as meaning that you -intentionally<- 
misled anybody (nor did I ever use those words). I meant that because of
Microsoft MUA share you want algorithm that would work om MUAs and expect 
SenderID  to work there (but not that you knew it would not work there and 
eventhough still said that it would).

> In the second place, were such misleading to occur, it would hurt 
> Microsoft more than anyone else, precisely because we provide more of 
> the world's MUAs than anyone else.
Yes. That is why you should be carefull about trying to apply SenderID 
algorithm in MUAs and understand that there would be great number of 
errors with such approach that might be blamed on MUA programmers. We
should focus MARID efforts on MTA authorization as WG charter said and
in my view doing authorization several email hops after is bad idea.

And while displaying PRA by itself in MUA would not lead to anything bad 
and should probably be done, trying to assert if it was verified or not 
should only be done when you have data indicating that MTA in fact done
such authorization.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

> On Friday, September 03, 2004 at 9:46 AM, Arnt Gulbrandsen wrote:
> > What happens if a message is sent on Saturday, the sender publishes a 
> > new policy on Sunday, and the recipient's MUA attempts to verify the 
> > message on Monday?
> 
> If I recall correctly, in the original CallerID spec:
> 
> 1. If you're retiring use of an MTA, your record should continue
>    to reference it for at least 28 days after it last sent outgoing
>    mail.  and
> 
> 2. An MUA must not attempt to validate messages received by their
>    org more than 28 days ago. 

That is a bad idea. First of all trying to track email and do the changes 
some time after is not an easy thing, some ISPs may not be able to accomodate.
Second there are number of references as part of SPF records to other dns
records, such as to "A" record of hosts, to MX records, to PTR, etc. All 
these may have to change lot faster and not be possible to wait 28 days.

Speaking as an ISP operator, I'm opposed to any language in the text that 
will specify time in which we have to change dns records when ips have 
already been changed or any constraints on provisioning and renunbering.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net




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I agree with some of the things you say Michael:

> The MARID charter is "authenticate mail transfer".

Interesting, I went back to read the charter and notice that MARID has no
binding to do IP-based authentication (although it could be read that
way).  Maybe we *should* just go straight to a crypto-based solution.
That would seem to get around a lot of the disagreement currently on the
list.

-Rand



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At 02:42 AM 9/3/2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:

>On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 06:25:21AM +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
>|
>| Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:
>|
>| > As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from large
>| > commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
>| > commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.
>|
>| In the case of sending from a large ISP (and that includes commercial
>| sites who outsource email) that is not true. Unless the ISP does
>| additional checking then Sender-ID (and SPF) still allows a customer
>| of the ISP to forge the mail as coming from any other customer of that
>| ISP.
>
>My read of most ISPs is that they are willing to move in
>this direction if it proves necessary.  Many ISPs are
>beginning to roll out (mandatory) SMTP AUTH.  With that in
>place, halting cross-customer forgery becomes a much more
>likely proposition.

To be a little more accurate, SMTP AUTH does not prevent customers of an 
ISP or hosting company spoofing one another, but it does provide an audit 
trail, so the person doing the spoofing can easily be identified from log 
entries.

The real point (which I think Meng was trying to make) is that if we use 
whatever this WG produces (assuming something useful is produced) a 
mechanism that gets us back to the originating ISP, abuse at that level can 
and should be handled by that ISP. It may be beyond the scope of this WG to 
solve the internal abuse issues within an ISP.






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> Anne P. Mitchell wrote:
> >cf. CipherTrust's study released this week in which >50% of the 
> sources
> >for all email surveyed which published SPF records were spammers.
> >
> >http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/08/31/HNspammerstudy_1.html
>
> Just so there is no confusion... this is good news for SPF, not bad 
> news.
>

Absolutely, completely agreed!  I should have elaborated.  As I have 
said in various public posts (elsewhere), if spammers want to tie 
themselves to their sites by authentication, that's a *good* thing.  My 
points are that a) spammers will adopt whatever is out there, and in 
this instance b) spammers are stupid - by adopting what they *think* is 
an anti-spam protocol to help get their spam through, they are actually 
raising their hands and saying "here I am!"

Anne



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From: "Scott Kitterman" <scott@kitterman.com>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Mark Lentczner
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 4:23 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: Re: TECH-OMMISSION: Time Phasing Rules For Records Not Included
> In Core and Protocol (was RE: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?)

> On Sep 3, 2004, at 1:00 PM, Scott Kitterman wrote:
> > Recommend we add to protocol, page 24, a new paragraph 6.3:
> >
> > 6.3  Record Maintenance Time Requirements
> > ...
>
> I would recommend against such inclusions.  I agree that the
> information given is sound advice for system administrators.  But, the
> technical scheme is hardly dependent on following such advice, nor will
> ignoring such advice lead to any major break down.  Such language
> belongs in a How-To document, not the draft.
>
I sort of agree, but the fundamental problem is that MUA level Sender-ID
validation is currently neither permitted not forbidden.  I think the time
limits need to be written into the RFC somewhere if MUA validation isn't
prohibited.  If their not, we will end up with disagreements about long
obsolete data should be maintained and whether or not someone's e-mail was
appropriately rejected.

I would expect that Jim's 28 days from the Caller ID spec was a surprise to
a fair number of people.  It certainly was for me.  The time frame for which
the record has to be valid is an important point.  However we want to bound
the time domain, we need to do it.  I don't propose we go back to the idea
of adding valid times to the records, that's complicated.  I do think we
need to define limits however.

The best solution, I think, would be to have the MTA add headers that the
MUA can process at leisure and prohibit direct Sender-ID validation by MUAs.
Then the time bound is limited to the times associated with SMTP processing.
Those are generally well understood.  I would have suggested that
originally, but was trying to avoid controversy.

Scott Kitterman



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: If not Sender I.D., then what?  (Was Re: In support of Sender ID)
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 14:13:27 -0700
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> > I submit that the From address of the message in question was "Leon
> > Rishniw". As you say, we are supposed to assume we all represent
> > ourselves as individuals here.
> >
> > So to me, that message says "Leon Rishniw supports SenderID because
> > Cloudmark organizationally supports it." That's his opinion, and I 
> think
> > he's just as entitled to express it as you are entitled to express
> > yours.
>
> So you'll be okay with all those people speaking up for their
> organizations, stating that their organizations won't be implementing
> it?
>
> Fair enough.  The SETI Institute won't be implementing Sender-ID.

I have a question.  I was given to believe that generally in the the 
call for support/rejection, the question is, and only is, "should we 
recommend this?", and nothing else.  BUT, given the uniqueness of the 
situation, and that there *are* alternatives, would it be useful (or 
forbidden?) for people to say not only "We won't deploy Sender-I.D." 
but also "we *will* deploy SPF" or "we also won't deploy SPF" or "we 
will deploy this other alternative"?

I ask because there is great pressure, both external and internal, to 
implement something - *anything* it seems.  And a fair bit of "if you 
toss Sender I.D. because of unclear IP concerns, there will be nothing, 
and the devil you know is better than no devil at all" (to mix 
metaphors).  So I wonder whether this would be useful data.



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To: Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: PRA Patent: License for Display in MUAs?
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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

> On Thursday, September 02, 2004 at 7:38 PM, William Leibzon wrote:
> 
> > Microsoft may have misled others that SenderID and PRA algorithm can be 
> > used by MUAs to verify email (because of their dominance in MUA market on 
> > Windows PCs, they need something for MUAs). That is not true.

> William also implies that Microsoft would intentionally mislead people
> to believe that SenderID can be used in MUAs when it cannot.  In the
> first place, I resent the insinuation.  

I'm going to apologize again, I never meant to make a statement that somebody
intentionally is doing anything bad as far as SenderID algorithm or its 
implementation in MUA or anywhere else.

I note my original statement said  "Microsoft may have misled others"
and its part of the phrase for which I dropped one important word, this 
should have been "Microsoft may have unintentionally misled others" and 
this is not a very strong statement at all if they did or not. Again I 
aplogize to Microsoft and others.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: George Schlossnagle <george@omniti.com>
Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 17:19:42 -0400
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On Sep 3, 2004, at 11:02 AM, Daniel Senie wrote:

>
> At 02:42 AM 9/3/2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>
>> On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 06:25:21AM +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
>>
>> My read of most ISPs is that they are willing to move in
>> this direction if it proves necessary.  Many ISPs are
>> beginning to roll out (mandatory) SMTP AUTH.  With that in
>> place, halting cross-customer forgery becomes a much more
>> likely proposition.
>
> To be a little more accurate, SMTP AUTH does not prevent customers of 
> an ISP or hosting company spoofing one another, but it does provide an 
> audit trail, so the person doing the spoofing can easily be identified 
> from log entries.

It can.  There are MTAs which support only using a set envelope sender 
after SMTP AUTH.

George



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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "Rand Wacker" <rand@sendmail.com>
Subject: RE: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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Rand Wacker wrote:
>I agree with some of the things you say Michael:
>
>> The MARID charter is "authenticate mail transfer".
>
>Interesting, I went back to read the charter and notice that MARID has no
>binding to do IP-based authentication (although it could be read that
>way).  Maybe we *should* just go straight to a crypto-based solution.
>That would seem to get around a lot of the disagreement currently on the
>list.

Well, I think the IETF should tackle crypto-based solutions after we have
the IP-based authentication standard well on its way. MARID's charter might
allow this.

IP-based authentication on MTAs has been seen as the first step because it
has a smaller deployment and a smaller performance cost than the
crypto-based solutions. And, surprisingly robust authentication can be done
with IP-based authentication, if the 2821 HELO and/or MAIL FROM are used.

Crypto-based solutions can be applied later (after the IP-based
authentication), because it has a larger deployment (modification to message
re-writers like mailing lists, and normally also modifications to MUAs) and
a much larger performance cost.

Michael R. Brumm



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Mark Lentczner wrote:

> 
> 
> On Sep 3, 2004, at 1:00 PM, Scott Kitterman wrote:
> 
>> Recommend we add to protocol, page 24, a new paragraph 6.3:
>>
>> 6.3  Record Maintenance Time Requirements
>> ...
> 
> 
> I would recommend against such inclusions.  I agree that the information 
> given is sound advice for system administrators.  But, the technical 
> scheme is hardly dependent on following such advice, nor will ignoring 
> such advice lead to any major break down.  Such language belongs in a 
> How-To document, not the draft.
> 

I am hesistant about not mentioning it at all since it is something that 
might come up often. Perhaps a separate BCP document can be referenced 
as part of the main draft. And while we are on that, is there a BCP 
document or is that planned for the future?

Yakov



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All,

As you know, the working group last call for the Sender ID document set 
has seen an enormous amount of response and this volume of emails has 
overwhelmed many participants.

The co-chairs feel that the discussion around the IPR issue has 
derailed discussion of some of the technical issues that have been 
raised.  Therefore we are extending the working group last call period 
until Friday, September 10 so that these technical issues may be 
discussed.

The co-chairs will be sending out separate messages requesting feedback 
on these issues so that consensus can better be judged.  We ask that 
all participants respond to these messages without regard to the IPR 
issue now before the working group.

-your co-chairs



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 14:00:59 -0700 (PDT), william(at)elan.net
<william@elan.net> wrote:
> 
> That is a bad idea. First of all trying to track email and do the changes
> some time after is not an easy thing, some ISPs may not be able to accomodate.
> Second there are number of references as part of SPF records to other dns
> records, such as to "A" record of hosts, to MX records, to PTR, etc. All
> these may have to change lot faster and not be possible to wait 28 days.
> 
> Speaking as an ISP operator, I'm opposed to any language in the text that
> will specify time in which we have to change dns records when ips have
> already been changed or any constraints on provisioning and renunbering.

Correct me if I'm wrong, but I don't see anything in the current
drafts to suggest you could perform Sender ID checks after the fact. 
I understand that *Caller ID* may have had such a stipulation.  Thus,
as I read the drafts currently being considered, it is not possible to
implement Sender ID in an MUA.  Does this mean we need a change?

I think changing the document to support Sender ID checks after the
fact would be fairly controversial, however, both with ISPs, and with
small domain owners.  If you want to do this, perhaps we need a macro
for the number days since 1970 when the message was received.  (%{t}
is currently no good because it's only for explanations, it is in
seconds, and it is the current time, not the time at which the message
was received.)

David



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From: Steven Carbone <steve@prospectivdirect.com>
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I am the CTO of Eversave.com and Prospectiv Direct, Inc.
My company is a founding member of the Email Service Provider 
Coalition, and the responsible party for outgoing email for 
companies like ADVO/ShopWise.com, which operates the "America's 
Looking for Its Missing Children (R)" program.  

We are very interested in advancing authentication solutions -  
we need first to identify the senders, so we can move on to the 
deeper issues associated with email.

I support and will be implementing Sender-ID.  

-Steven Carbone










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From: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
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There should be a paragraph along the following lines in the Security
Considerations of the -pra draft:

> A message's PRA will often be extracted from a header field that is not
> normally displayed by existing mail user agent software. If the PRA is
> used as part of a mechanism to authenticate the message's origin, the
> message SHOULD NOT be displayed with an indication of its authenticity
> (positive or negative) without the PRA header field also being
> displayed.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
THE MULL OF GALLOWAY TO MULL OF KINTYRE INCLUDING THE FIRTH OF CLYDE AND THE
NORTH CHANNEL: SOUTH OR SOUTHEAST 5 OR 6 VEERING SOUTHWEST 4 LATER. RAIN AND
DRIZZLE AT TIMES. MODERATE OR GOOD, OCCASIONALLY POOR. SLIGHT TO MODERATE, BUT
ROUGH AT TIMES THROUGH THE NORTH CHANNEL.



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 08:54:54 -0700, Jim Lyon
<jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com> wrote:
> 
> On Thursday, September 02, 2004 at 7:38 PM, William Leibzon wrote:
> 
> > Microsoft may have misled others that SenderID and PRA algorithm can
> be
> > used by MUAs to verify email (because of their dominance in MUA market
> on
> > Windows PCs, they need something for MUAs). That is not true.
> 
> In spite of William's repeated assertions that it can't be done, we have
> built prototypes internally that do exactly that.  They work.
> 
> Briefly, the algorithm is:
>   1. Grovel through the Received: headers to find the header
>      describing the hop where the message entered the current
>      organization.
>   2. Extract the PRA from the [Resent-] Sender and From headers
>      as usual.
>   3. Apply the SenderID algorithm.  [Actually, our prototypes
>      used the earlier CallerID algorithm, but the point remains.]

Note that in fact this algorithm does not properly implement Sender ID
in the MUA.  The problem is that people might not read email until
days or even a week after you send it.  For dynamically assigned IP
addresses, the IP address in the header will no longer be valid.

For examply, suppose my computer is called mybox.dyndns.org.  I always
make sure that the DNS name points to my IP address.  Thus, I publish
"+a -all" as my SPF2 record.  If my ISP switches my IP address every
day at midnight, and you read my mail the following day, you will
extract an old IP address from the Received header and therefore deem
my mail a forgery.

One of the objections people have raised to both SPF and to Sender ID
is that they are bad for individual domain-name owners, and only work
for large organizations.  Until now, I thought there were no grounds
for such an objection--just people who didn't understand what was
really going on.  If, in fact, Microsoft is thinking of implementing
something in Outlook that would essentially freeze out people with
dynamic IP addresses, I actually find that quite alarming.  If people
knew this, I think you would find a lot more technical objections to
Sender ID.

David



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Subject: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
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The debate over the MUST/SHOULD/MAY language with regard to compliance 
and publication of TXT and SPF2 record types does not seem to be 
getting the attention of the full working group.

Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
state during phase-in.

Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will deprecate 
the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2 
demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current 
-protocol document.

Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY language directly 
(and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on 
these positions.

-your co-chairs



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Subject: Re: Obstacles between us and the finish line
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
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On Thu, 2004-09-02 at 22:56, Graham Murray wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> writes:
> 
> > Once CSV is in place, to implement something extremely similar to SPF or
> > Sender-ID becomes just a trivial name list created using PTR records
> > much like DNA.
> 
> Unfortunately this is not quite as trivial as it seems. I believe that
> PTR records are not the easiest records for the domain owner
> (especially the owner of small domains) to have control over.

Review the MPR draft at:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-otis-marid-mpr-00.txt

This was not referring to a reverse DNS lookup.  This record type is
being used in much the same manner as with the DNA draft but using the
_mp._smtp.xxxx.xxx sub-domain.  This would be a forward lookup and
something easily within the control of the domain owner.

-Doug



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: If not Sender I.D., then what?  (Was Re: In support of Sender ID)
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 17:41:18 -0400
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On Sep 3, 2004, at 5:13 PM, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:

> So I wonder whether this would be useful data.

At this point, what is most useful is the reason inhibiting deployment. 
  And many people have been quite clear about that.

-andy



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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 13:05, Craig Taylor wrote:
> Having as part of the standard some sort of x-header that
> well-behaving forwarders used [snip]

	My understanding was that this is the purpose of the Resent-* headers.

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.
2041 Mission College Blvd. Suite 100
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Phone: (408) 496-4500
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At 01:25 PM 9/3/2004, Mark C. Langston wrote:

>On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 12:16:44PM -0500, Ryan Malayter wrote:
> >
> > [Mark C. Langston]
> > > Could we perhaps dispense with the corporate (particularly executive)
> > > endorsement posts for Sender-ID?  I thought people in the IETF
> > > represented themselves.  The few times I've seen products
> > > mentioned, it was by the /developers/ of said products.
> > >
> >
> > We are all posting as individuals
>
>I quote from the most recent instance of this behavior, to which I
>responded:
>
>"As a supporter of both commercial and opensource software models,
>Cloudmark does not see any issue with the Sender ID IPR license with"
>
>US corporate law not withstanding, Cloudmark is not an individual.

Should Cloudmark wish to have its representatives/employees active in the 
IETF explain why they feel Sender ID is the best solution on technical 
merit, that MIGHT be appropriate. The statement posted, however, is NOT 
useful input to the IETF process.

Folks, we ALL want to find a solution to this mess, but there is a REAL 
need to find a solution that can be deployed by all types of organizations 
worldwide. That really implies it needs to be unencumbered to the greatest 
extent possible.

Anyone or any company truly committed to the goal of dealing with spam 
should put that goal ahead of profit or legal protection. I do understand 
defensive patents. They are used acceptably without problematic license 
terms by many.

I will not deploy Sender ID based on the legal issue. Since I happen to run 
a hosting company, it follows that my company also will not deploy the 
technology. As an individual participant in the IETF process, my reasons 
for deploying or not deploying a technology are based on technical merit 
first, and sadly of late on licensing terms for use of the IPR behind that 
technology.

On technology grounds, we are planning to remove all SPF records from 
domains we host, due to significant issues seen with that technology. We do 
not use SPF on incoming mail ourselves to validate anything yet. We have 
had troubles with email delivery that resulted from the presence of SPF 
records, and after analysis are unsure SPF or Sender ID will have a net 
positive impact on the Internet.




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Craig Taylor wrote:
> One of the weakness of SenderID is its exclusive focus on the last hop.  
> If I receive my email via an alumni forwarding MTA, the alumni MTA might 
> or might not run the SenderID check but regardless the MTA probably 
> still accepts and passes the message through because it is a forwarder.  
> When the message arrives at my MTA I can run the SenderID check but 
> again I'll accept the message because it is coming from my alumni 
> forwarder.  What I'd like to know is if the connection to my forwarder 
> failed the SenderID test.
> 

Can you give a reason of why you would be interested in that? Can you 
rely on your forwarder to do the checking?

> Having as part of the standard some sort of x-header that well-behaving 
> forwarders used would allow me to look beyond the last hop.  For 
> example, "x-senderid-result  receiver=forwarder.com 
> connecting-ip=x.x.x.x pra-result=fail".  While such a record can be 
> forged there is no reason to forge  failures (what would be the point). 
> Knowing that somewhere in the chain authentication has broken  down 
> would allow me to take further action based on failed  authentication.  
> In addition, the same header could potentially be  used to communicate 
> between the MTA and the MUA but that is another  discussion probably 
> best left to asrg.
> 

There was a "Received-SPF" header in the SPF draft. The problem with 
relying on headers is that they can be faked. This is one of the main 
issues we ran up against in the ASRG when discussing a common standard 
for MTA/MUA communications (for example, see 
http://216.239.39.104/search?q=cache:millenix.zemos.net/asrg-filtering/draft-irtf-asrg-filtering-header.html). 
  One of the easy ways in dealing with it, is simply stripping all 
previous headers which I believe what SpamAssassin does. This would be 
problem when multiple forwarding hops are involved but it might be 
sufficient for a case like the one you are talking about.

One of the beautiful things about Sender-ID and its related proposals is 
that they are based on one piece of data from the SMTP transaction that 
cannot be easily faked - the IP address of the incoming SMTP client 
(yes, I know about BGP attacks). The basic issue here is that Sender-ID 
is designed for MTA authorization which by definition is single-hop. 
Extending it past a single hop might better done with solutions like 
DomainKeys.

But, on the other hand it might be possible to use the information in 
the headers including the "Received" and "Resent-*" headers to backtrack 
  and verify each step. Of course, as William Leibzon pointed out in a 
different thread, that is not reliable.

Yakov



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 16:00:06 -0400, Scott Kitterman <scott@kitterman.com> wrote:
> 
> Then we need to add those rules to the Sender-ID RFCs or prohibit MUA level
> Sender-ID validation.

I prohibiting MUA-level validation is fine, so long as the MUA is
allowed to extract the validatoin result from some header.

I think that after the fact Sender-ID validation is very problematic,
and I would not like to see the changes you suggest.  However, if you
do include those changes, I would very strongly also encourage you to
make the following change to the protocol draft:

In section 7.1, between the macro explanations for p and v, include:

 u = The year, month, day, hour, and minute in UTC at which the
message was accepted by the receiving MTA, separated by periods.  The
month, day, hour, and minute fields are always two decimal digits.

In the example section (7.2), state that the received time is August
31, 2004, 12:30AM UTC, and include the examples:

%{u}     2004.08.31.00.30
%{u3r}  31.08.2004

David



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Michael R. Brumm wrote:

> Rand Wacker wrote:
> 
>>I agree with some of the things you say Michael:
>>
>>
>>>The MARID charter is "authenticate mail transfer".
>>
>>Interesting, I went back to read the charter and notice that MARID has no
>>binding to do IP-based authentication (although it could be read that
>>way).  Maybe we *should* just go straight to a crypto-based solution.
>>That would seem to get around a lot of the disagreement currently on the
>>list.
> 
> 
> Well, I think the IETF should tackle crypto-based solutions after we have
> the IP-based authentication standard well on its way. MARID's charter might
> allow this.
> 
> IP-based authentication on MTAs has been seen as the first step because it
> has a smaller deployment and a smaller performance cost than the
> crypto-based solutions. And, surprisingly robust authentication can be done
> with IP-based authentication, if the 2821 HELO and/or MAIL FROM are used.
> 
> Crypto-based solutions can be applied later (after the IP-based
> authentication), because it has a larger deployment (modification to message
> re-writers like mailing lists, and normally also modifications to MUAs) and
> a much larger performance cost.

See:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mailsig/index.html



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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 08:02, Daniel Senie wrote:
> At 02:42 AM 9/3/2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> 
> >On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 06:25:21AM +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
> >|
> >| Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:
> >|
> >| > As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from large
> >| > commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
> >| > commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully authenticated.
> >|
> >| In the case of sending from a large ISP (and that includes commercial
> >| sites who outsource email) that is not true. Unless the ISP does
> >| additional checking then Sender-ID (and SPF) still allows a customer
> >| of the ISP to forge the mail as coming from any other customer of that
> >| ISP.
> >
> >My read of most ISPs is that they are willing to move in
> >this direction if it proves necessary.  Many ISPs are
> >beginning to roll out (mandatory) SMTP AUTH.  With that in
> >place, halting cross-customer forgery becomes a much more
> >likely proposition.
> 
> To be a little more accurate, SMTP AUTH does not prevent customers of an 
> ISP or hosting company spoofing one another, but it does provide an audit 
> trail, so the person doing the spoofing can easily be identified from log 
> entries.
> 
> The real point (which I think Meng was trying to make) is that if we use 
> whatever this WG produces (assuming something useful is produced) a 
> mechanism that gets us back to the originating ISP, abuse at that level can 
> and should be handled by that ISP. It may be beyond the scope of this WG to 
> solve the internal abuse issues within an ISP.

Any process which authenticates the MTA, including CSV, would allow such
a method of tracing.  With Sender-ID or SPF, those administering the
policy for the MTA remain anonymous.  Unlike CSV, the Sender-ID or SPF
name is not safely used for doing reputation assertions.  After a name
for an MTA is established, prescribing an association of the mailbox
domain to a set of MTAs can be done using a simple list of names.  With
a name list, no subsequent lookups are required.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
Cc: mazieres@gmail.com, Kevin Peuhkurinen <kevin.peuhkurinen@HEPCOE.com>,
        MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 09:14, Rand Wacker wrote:
> On Thu, 2 Sep 2004 mazieres@gmail.com wrote:
> 
> > My challenge remains... describe a concrete scenario that requires
> > Sender ID, and that could not achieve the same effective result with
> > SPF-classic.  Vague references to banks don't convince me any more,
> 
> The following is not a vague reference, but an actual planned deployment
> (I just can't tell you who is planning it for obvious reasons):
> 
> Large Bank communicates with numerous customers addresses at Large ISP.
> Large ISP has indicated that they will verify inbound authentication
> credentials and has negotiated preferred delivery of authenticated mail
> from Large Bank's domain.  Large ISP has given Large Bank the ability to
> add a limited number of bank-controlled domains to the Large ISP preferred
> whitelist.
> 
> Large Bank has quite a bit of customer email delivered by a third party.
> This third party delivers mail with a bounce address (MAIL FROM) of
> outsource.com (so they can do the bounce processing), but a From: header
> of largebank.com.  Large ISP will only whitelist largebank.com (because
> that is who the ISP/Bank customers want to hear from, they don't care
> about hearing from outsource.com).
> 
> In this case, Sender ID would let Large ISP whitelist largebank.com and
> still allow outsource.com to deliver mail for the bank (as long as the
> bank's DNS records let it do so), /and/ continue to process bounces
> properly.  SPF doesn't permit From: header whitelisting (at best) and
> breaks bounce handling (at worst).
> 
> WRT to Resent-From spoofing and the PRA, its important to note that it is
> the PRA result which is whitelisted, so if a phisher uses Resent-From:
> phisher.com w/ From: largebank.com, the message will not get preferred
> treatment by the ISPs whitelist.

In the case of the MPR draft, the From header can receive specific
restrictions.  Whether a field is restricted or not does not impact
reputation services or MTA authentications.  This allows such
restrictions to be applied as needed without the risk of a list treated
as representing the nominal sources of mail, rather than the exclusive
source of mail, serving as a spam exploit because of the double role of
also associating the MTA to the mailbox domain.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 17:19, George Schlossnagle wrote:

[snip]

> >
> > To be a little more accurate, SMTP AUTH does not prevent customers of 
> > an ISP or hosting company spoofing one another, but it does provide an 
> > audit trail, so the person doing the spoofing can easily be identified 
> > from log entries.
> 
> It can.  There are MTAs which support only using a set envelope sender 
> after SMTP AUTH.

  I'm actually doing this with some simple rulesets in sendmail on my
personal domains.  I even do 2822.from header checking to prevent
forging the 2822.from address beyond issued aliases for a given username
(my usernames are username@example.com).  I currently don't support
Resent-* headers (From: header is always checked) and don't know that I
ever will.
  Point being that although SMTP AUTH doesn't require limiting users to
specific 2821.from and/or 2822.from addresses, it certainly makes it
possible, and in fact is trivial to add in at least some MTAs/MSAs.

-- 
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



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Rand Wacker wrote:

> Sender ID also has a more graceful workaround for the forwarding hops
> that want to become compliant. SRS has some severe technical
> failings, so much so that source routing was completely abandoned 15
> to 20 years ago as unworkable.

There are, as far as I know, no outstanding issues with SRS. I have been
using it almost since day one, on my own server (and implemented SRS
functionality in spf-milter, for instance). It has no technical failings;
let alone "severe" ones. In the very early days of SRS, addresses could
become too long. Ever since SRS1, that problem has long since been solved,
and people have upgraded both their SRS implementations and their knowledge
of SRS.

- Mark



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Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> The debate over the MUST/SHOULD/MAY language with regard to compliance 
> and publication of TXT and SPF2 record types does not seem to be getting 
> the attention of the full working group.
> 
> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant state 
> during phase-in.
> 
> Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will deprecate 
> the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2 
> demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current 
> -protocol document.
> 
> Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY language directly 
> (and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on these 
> positions.
> 

I am not sure how #1 differs from #2? Are you suggesting that if we 
adopt position #1, someone not having SPF RR records would be ignored?

Yakov



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: consensus call of RR prefix
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 From the discussion on prefixes for the DNS record, there seems to have 
been no discernible outcome regarding the use of prefixes for the 
purposes of avoiding collisions with other DNS records (thus avoiding 
fallback to DNS over TCP).

Naturally, this issue wraps itself into both the versioning/scoping 
issue and the wildcard issue.  Based on the comments received so far, 
it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there is no consensus on how to 
handle wildcards and that most participants seem to agree that 
wildcards present a problem no matter the solution.  Based on the 
comments received so far, it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there 
is consensus on placing the "scope" in the RDATA of the record and no 
consensus on the scope being in the prefix.

Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
the requirement of DNS over TCP?

Incidentally, the co-chairs note that many examples of the prefix have 
used "-marid".  We would note that "MARID" is the name of this working 
group and likely not meaningful beyond the context of discussions and 
process of this working group.  Therefore we recommend a more 
meaningful label such as "_rmx": the deduction of its meaning is easier 
and it references the genesis of the MARID idea.

-your co-chairs



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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?

No.

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
References: <F10C6AA6-FDF0-11D8-B6CF-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us>
From: Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com>
Date: 03 Sep 2004 15:21:11 -0700
In-Reply-To: Andrew Newton's message of "Fri, 3 Sep 2004 17:33:48 -0400"
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Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
> state during phase-in.
> 
> Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will deprecate 
> the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2 
> demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current 
> -protocol document.

I think Position 3 needs to be mentioned:

3) Remove SPF2 record and specify the use of TXT going forward.

and Position 4:

4) Schedule the deprecation of TXT now, not later.

Option 3 is so much superior to 1 and 2 from my perspective (MTA and
spam filter software) that will be doing many DNS queries, that it's
barely worth prioritizing 1 vs. 2.

That being said, in order of preference:

  3 >> 4 >> 2 >> 1

Put another way:

 - Doubling query volume is bad; inability to schedule in advance the
   end of querying both records is bad.
 - TXT is easier to deploy than SPF2 and no significant technical
   argument favors SPF2 over TXT aside from puritanism.

Daniel 

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 17:33:48 -0400, Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote:
> 
> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
> state during phase-in.

I would favor position 2.  I think the recommended document should
describe where we want to be in the long run, whether or not we can
get there quickly.  While I strongly suspect Sender ID will undergo
future revisions anyway, why intentionally adopt a standard that will
have to be superseded?

David



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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> The debate over the MUST/SHOULD/MAY language with regard to compliance 
> and publication of TXT and SPF2 record types does not seem to be 
> getting the attention of the full working group.
> 
> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
> state during phase-in.
> 
> Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will deprecate 
> the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2 
> demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current 
> -protocol document.
> 
> Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY language directly 
> (and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on 
> these positions.

I take middle position:

 1.5) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times and tolerate
      non-compliance as a matter of fact (current reality) for a given 
      period of time (next 4 years say).

P.S. Did I hear right that next version of Windows is coming early 2006?
     I assume Microsoft people present here are going to work on 
     making sure that it will support "unknown" and yet undefined dns data
     types as well as preferably support new SPF data type directly...

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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I haven't seen this mentioned in the drafts, but I remember someone 
Bellovin bringing this up in a different forum in regards to SPF a few 
months ago. Among the two RR formats for Sender-ID, is the TXT format. 
As Steve pointed out, parsing any kind of free form data can potentially 
lead to security issues if the parsers are not written properly (such as 
buffer overruns). Therefore, it might be useful to add a section or just 
a few sentences to mention that issue.

Yakov



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 mazieres@gmail.com wrote:

> Correct me if I'm wrong, but I don't see anything in the current
> drafts to suggest you could perform Sender ID checks after the fact. 
> I understand that *Caller ID* may have had such a stipulation.  Thus,
> as I read the drafts currently being considered, it is not possible to
> implement Sender ID in an MUA.  Does this mean we need a change?

The current drafts are inprecise and I've pointed out some of the conflicting
statements in one of previous posts. The marid-core draft in introduction 
says that:
  "This document described mechanism such that receiving MTAs, MDAs
   and/or MUAs can recognize mail in the above category and take 
   appropriate action. For example, an MTA might refuse to accept a 
   message, an MDA might discard a message rather then placing it into a 
   mailbox, and an MUA might render that message in some distinctive fashion".

This statement can be understood to mean that MUAs would do SenderID check
but can also be understood that MUAs will take certain actions (displaying
verified email address, etc) based on secondary information from MTA but 
not directly do authentication. However majority of people reading above 
statement will probably understand it to mean that MUAs would do authorization
directly, so I'd like to request that this statement be changed to:
  "This document described mechanism such that receiving MTAs and MDAs can 
   recognize mail in the above category and take appropriate action. For 
   example, an MTA might refuse to accept a message and MDA might discard 
   a message rather then placing it into a mailbox."

> I think changing the document to support Sender ID checks after the
> fact would be fairly controversial, however, both with ISPs, and with
> small domain owners.  If you want to do this, perhaps we need a macro
> for the number days since 1970 when the message was received.  (%{t}
> is currently no good because it's only for explanations, it is in
> seconds, and it is the current time, not the time at which the message
> was received.)

It gets complicated, messy and leads to errors when you try to do ip
authorization after the smtp transaction and especially when you know
that serious amount of time passed from when it happened (serious is 
anything more then 1 hour and even that is too much). It is also very
difficult to standartize this behavior and its outside scope of this 
working group which is developing standard ONLY for MTA authorization
using DNS records.

The only program that has been successfull after the fact is Spamassin and 
the reason is that it does it right after message is received by SMTP 
server (within seconds usually) so there is no time interval and 
spamassasin is setup specific with MTA it works with so it knows exactly 
how that MTA will inform about which client just connected to it 
and it knows there were no other email hop in between. Nevertheless,
as I understand it, spamassasin developers prefer to move system 
where spamassasin is called directly from MTA (andthus within scope of 
mail transaction) and not after the completion of transaction. That is 
why it is now often called from sendmail milter and patches are available 
for other MTAs.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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Ted Hardie writes:

> 
> At 8:13 PM -0500 9/2/04, wayne wrote:

> That post did not say "stop worrying about the licensing issues",
> it said "Discuss licensing in terms of the engineering decisions"
> or more fully:
> 
>>Comments based solely on the licensing terms without regard to the engineering
>>choices they affect *do not speak to the question working groups need to
>>decide*.   The sudden appearance of new working group participants
>>after postings inviting them to comment is welcome *if they contribute to
>>the engineering discussion*.  But if you are here to comment on licensing
>>outside of the engineering context, you are wasting your electrons.
> 
> Several posters since that point have made very clear posts describing
> the engineering choices and deployment mechanisms which would have to
> change in the context of their reading of this license.  I again point
> to Eric's post as one example; there are others.
> 
> Saying "I don't like this" means nothing.  Saying "I won't implement this"
> or "I will deploy this" means something.

Right.  I'm afraid that this licensing issue has a major engineering impact. 
Engineering as in:  well, this licensing issue will prevent any engineering 
from occuring in the first place.


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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> 
> I haven't seen this mentioned in the drafts, but I remember someone 
> Bellovin bringing this up in a different forum in regards to SPF a few 
http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/200401/msg00037.html

Steve Bellovin is security area advisor at IETF and part of IESG. While 
we're at it please look through his message and compare if we solved other 
issues mentioned there too.

> months ago. Among the two RR formats for Sender-ID, is the TXT format. 
> As Steve pointed out, parsing any kind of free form data can potentially 
> lead to security issues if the parsers are not written properly (such as 
> buffer overruns). Therefore, it might be useful to add a section or just 
> a few sentences to mention that issue.

I agree. This should be in protocol draft.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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David H. Lynch Jr. writes:

> 
> Sam Varshavchik wrote:
> 
>>
>> Ummm, MSFT can certainly sue for an injunction prohibiting the F/OSS 
>> developer from using patented IP without a license.
> 
>     You can not get a broad "nobody can infringe on my patent anywhere" 
> injucntion.

That's why I used the word "the", above.

>              M$ would have to institute proceedings against each 
> individial infringer.

There are not that many F/OSS MTA developers.  An individual injunction for 
each one of them is quite feasible.  Game over.

>     I beleive preliminary injunctions are granted based on the 
> likelyhood of M$ to prevail, the patent will be presumed valid, But if 
> there are substantial questions regarding
> whether there is actual infringement an injuction will not likely be 
> granted.

If the F/OSS developer implements Sender-ID without registering with 
Microsoft, and without giving Microsoft a reciprocal patent license (as I 
believe Microsoft's current licensing terms mandate) proving an infringement 
won't be that difficult.

>          They are also granted based on the potential harm to the patent 
> holder. Since all Microsoft is asking for
>  a license is registration, the damages that an injunction would prevent 
> probably are not significant enough to warant one.

You are thinking about monetary damages.  The purpose of getting this 
injunction is not to win some cash.  If Sender-ID becomes widespread, and 
becomes a necessary component of a secure, well-executed E-mail 
infrastructure, there will be a clear benefit to legally barring F/OSS from 
competing with Microsoft's commercial offerings.

>> Since, as you've acknowledged, the F/OSS developer is not likely to 
>> have the financial resources for a protracted fight, and challenging 
>> the patent, Microsoft's legal expenses will be rather minimal.
>>
>> Do you think that there would be any value for Microsoft in blocking a 
>> competing F/OSS implementation of Sender-ID?
> 
> 
>     M$ can not afford a fight either. They may have plenty of money, but 
> they are significantly short on good will. The DOJ may have wimped out 
> for the moment, but they are still watching things. Ashcroft is not
> a Freind of Bill, the Democrats if elected are even less so. The EU is 
> still proceeding, and world markets are enormously Microsoft unfriendly.

http://www.linspire.com/lindows_michaelsminutes_archives.php?id=131

The real figure may not be $200 million; but I don't think that's the major 
point.

I don't see the DOJ, or the EU, doing anything about it.

>     M$ will benefit enormously by playing a key role in this standard. 

Yes.  Locking out F/OSS carries quite a bit of benefit.

> Everyone will suffer if they do not.

I don't think so.  With a little work even today you can achieve an 
acceptable junk mail filtering ratio.  The world will not come to an end if 
Sender-ID does not get promoted.

>     Conversly, they will suffer if they are perceived as an impediment 
> to the solution to this problem. M$ has an enormous PR problem. I can 
> not think of a major company that is perceived of so poorly.

Completely irrelevant.  Microsoft's reputation was not a factor in reaching 
my decision.

>     Linux corporate sponsors. F/OSS has gottent large enough and 
> cohesive enough to fend for itself.

Right, and that's why we don't need to hop aboard a patent-encumbered train.

>                                     While there might be some F/OSS 
> legal resources available, the research resources would be enormous.
>     Again witness the SCO vs. IBM dispute. Research is the bane of any 
> IP claim. Prior art is somewhat difficult and often expensive for a 
> small business to prove, But the F/OSS community can probably provide 
> Published prior art
> for just about any software concept.

Probably true, but why should I even want to deal with this, when it is much 
easier to avoid the whole mess in the first place?

>     If you wish to attribute evil intentions to Microsoft here, the only 
> scenario I see where they win is one where they get to claim to have 
> contributed to a standard, while F/OSS developers self regulate and 
> refuse to

I assure you that I haven't spent even a single second musing whether 
Microsoft's intentions are "evil", or not.  It is certainly in their best 
interests to stamp out competition; this is true of any business.  Here, 
their competition is F/OSS, as they clearly spell out in their 10Q:

http://news.com.com/2100-7344_3-5347325.html

This is purely business sense, not some metaphysical manifestation of 
"evil".

>     impliment it because of Microsoft's License. IP rights and patent 
> law are just tools. The real battleground is one of perception. 

Earlier you've claimed that their rep is poor.  Looking at their balance 
sheet, I doubt that their perception has any impact on the bottom line.

> Microsoft is not below sabotaging F/OSS, but is unlikely to want a 
> direct public confrontation.
>     Microsoft is pretty bad at PR, but they are pretty good at finding 
> the weaknesses of their competition and trying to exploit them.

Right, and the IP situation in the US is an acknowledged weakness for F/OSS.

> 
>        F/OSS developers and distributors are not going to support a 
> standard that requires sending a signed license to Microsoft. Getting 
> that scenario is a WIN for Microsoft. Microsoft gets to claim a 
> standards compliant solution and all the F/OSS players leave the feild 
> to commercial developers.

That's OK.  There's not a lot of Netcraft-style breakdown for E-mail server 
software; but from the data that I've seen commercial E-mail server 
software's share is not that great.  Microsoft's dominance in E-mail client 
field is not going to help in the context of Sender-ID, which requires 
server support.

>                           If some F/OSS developer does move forward 
> without licensing Sender-ID from Microsoft,  M$ starts a PR campaign 
> about the lack of respect F/OSS has for IP and how they are all just a 
> bunch of untrustworthy hackers anyway.

I am confident that this scenario will not happen, no matter what the IETF 
decides.  Surveying the list archive, I see no evidence suggesting that any 
F/OSS developer has such plans.

>     The losing scenario for Microsoft is the perception that M$ 
> splintered MARID. Leaving us all with either weaker or not broadly 
> implimented solutions to this problem.

I do not agree.

>     Regardless, our responsibility has little to do with Microsoft. It 
> is to get the best standard with the broadest possible implimentation. 

This really depends on what definition of "best standard" one chooses.  
There is no standard definition for that.  My definition pretty much 
excludes patent-encumbered technologies (with few exceptions).

> If we reject Sender-ID we may loose Microsoft which would be bad. If we 
> do not
>     we lose F/OSS which would be worse.

I'm not sure what "lose F/OSS" means.  Certainly F/OSS will not go along 
with Sender-ID; this, I think, does not need to be debated any further. It's 
a foregone conclusion.  F/OSS will simply use an alternative.  It looks like 
the consensus is that F/OSS will proceed with SPF classic.

Do you know what that means?

It means that most organizations will choose to publish only SPF records.  
Some may choose to also publish Sender-ID records; I don't think that 
there's going to be anyone who'll publish only Sender-ID records.

This is because publishing SPF records is the only way to guarantee the most 
widespread coverage.  Everyone will support checking SPF records, and if you 
want to use MARID to prevent your mail domain from being forged, you want as 
much coverage as you can possibly get.


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At 04:05 PM 9/3/2004, Craig Taylor wrote:

>Both Yakov , Thomas and others have made calls to focus on technical 
>issues, so here's a strictly technical issue.
>
>One of the weakness of SenderID is its exclusive focus on the last 
>hop.  If I receive my email via an alumni forwarding MTA, the alumni MTA 
>might or might not run the SenderID check but regardless the MTA probably 
>still accepts and passes the message through because it is a 
>forwarder.  When the message arrives at my MTA I can run the SenderID 
>check but again I'll accept the message because it is coming from my 
>alumni forwarder.  What I'd like to know is if the connection to my 
>forwarder failed the SenderID test.
>
>Having as part of the standard some sort of x-header that well-behaving 
>forwarders used would allow me to look beyond the last hop.

First, if it's important enough to implement in a uniform way around the 
world, then it should not be an X-something.

Second, this implies all those servers that haven't been touched, need to 
be touched. While adding in a new header might be less work than 
implementing Sender ID (if a site is even willing to consider implementing 
Sender ID), this means a lot of things will still break.

Seems like a non-starter to me.

>   For example, "x-senderid-result receiver=forwarder.com 
> connecting-ip=x.x.x.x pra-result=fail".  While such a record can be 
> forged there is no reason to forge failures (what would be the point).

There may be a point to forging a failure if this results in significant 
headaches in the form of a denial of service.

>Knowing that somewhere in the chain authentication has broken down would 
>allow me to take further action based on failed authentication.  In 
>addition, the same header could potentially be used to communicate between 
>the MTA and the MUA but that is another discussion probably best left to asrg.
>Craig Taylor
>VP, Technology
>Ironport System

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Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<body>
At 04:05 PM 9/3/2004, Craig Taylor wrote:<br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite=""><font face="arial" size=2>Both
Yakov , Thomas and others have made calls to focus on technical issues,
so here's a strictly technical issue.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>One of the weakness of SenderID is its
exclusive focus on the last hop.&nbsp; If I receive my email via an
alumni forwarding MTA, the alumni MTA might or might not run the SenderID
check but regardless the MTA probably still accepts and passes the
message through because it is a forwarder.&nbsp; When the message arrives
at my MTA I can run the SenderID check but again I'll accept the message
because it is coming from my alumni forwarder.&nbsp; What I'd like to
know is if the connection to my forwarder failed the SenderID test.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>Having as part of the standard some sort of
x-header that well-behaving forwarders used would allow me to look beyond
the last hop.</font></blockquote><br>
First, if it's important enough to implement in a uniform way around the
world, then it should not be an X-something.<br><br>
Second, this implies all those servers that haven't been touched, need to
be touched. While adding in a new header might be less work than
implementing Sender ID (if a site is even willing to consider
implementing Sender ID), this means a lot of things will still
break.<br><br>
Seems like a non-starter to me.<br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite=""><font face="arial" size=2>&nbsp;
For example, &quot;x-senderid-result receiver=forwarder.com
connecting-ip=x.x.x.x pra-result=fail&quot;.&nbsp; While such a record
can be forged there is no reason to forge failures (what would be the
point).</font></blockquote><br>
There may be a point to forging a failure if this results in significant
headaches in the form of a denial of service.<br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite=""><font face="arial" size=2>Knowing
that somewhere in the chain authentication has broken down would allow me
to take further action based on failed authentication.&nbsp; In addition,
the same header could potentially be used to communicate between the MTA
and the MUA but that is another discussion probably best left to
asrg.<br>
Craig Taylor<br>
VP, Technology<br>
Ironport System</font></blockquote></body>
</html>

--=====================_433204575==.ALT--



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Rand Wacker writes:

> fine, that's the choice of the group.  No-one here should be under the
> impression that scuttling Sender ID at this time will give SPF Classic any
> fast track through the standards process.

That's fine.  You might want to study the evolution of NNTP.  There, lack of 
the official IETF stamp of approval did not inhibit NNTP from evolving.  If 
you try to implement NNTP based only on IETF's standards-track 
documentation, you won't get very far.

This may have changed recently, but this has been the case for a long time.



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Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
In-Reply-To: <94df60cf04090315281062428e@mail.gmail.com> "from mazieres@gmail.com
 at Sep 3, 2004 06:28:57 pm"
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mazieres@gmail.com:
> 
> On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 17:33:48 -0400, Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote:
> > 
> > Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
> > stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> > 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> > 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
> > state during phase-in.
> 
> I would favor position 2.  I think the recommended document should
> describe where we want to be in the long run, whether or not we can
> get there quickly.  While I strongly suspect Sender ID will undergo
> future revisions anyway, why intentionally adopt a standard that will
> have to be superseded?

I second this. The document should bless the usage of TXT records
during the initial deployment phase. It does not need to define
the time schedule for the txt -> spf transition.

	Wietse



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?

The include workaround proposed to the list seem to work for the major
cases I outlined, and leaving the TXT records in the domain.tld dataspace,
while ugly, seems like a good bit of parallelism for the SPF records that
will be published in the same place.

I would suggest that the document be ammended to remind people that *all*
TXT records published for domain.tld should fit in 480 bytes (mentioning
spfv1 and spfv2), and perhaps also suggest the include workaround for
sites that will need to publish really large records.

-Rand



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Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
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william(at)elan.net wrote:

> On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> 
>>The debate over the MUST/SHOULD/MAY language with regard to compliance 
>>and publication of TXT and SPF2 record types does not seem to be 
>>getting the attention of the full working group.
>>
>>Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
>>stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
>>1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
>>2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
>>state during phase-in.
>>
>>Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will deprecate 
>>the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2 
>>demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current 
>>-protocol document.
>>
>>Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY language directly 
>>(and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on 
>>these positions.
> 
> 
> I take middle position:
> 
>  1.5) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times and tolerate
>       non-compliance as a matter of fact (current reality) for a given 
>       period of time (next 4 years say).
> 

"be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from 
others" (John Postel, RFC 793)

Yakov



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Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 12:48, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Rand Wacker wrote:
> > On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Matt Sergeant wrote: 
> >> On 2 Sep 2004, at 23:06, Rand Wacker wrote:
> >>
> >>> As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that goes from
> >>> large commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another
> >>> large commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully
> >>> authenticated.
> >>
> >> You're talking about the positive evaluation proposition of Sender-ID -
> >> that the From address is authenticated. Yet both Cyphertrust and
> >> SpamAssassin's stats show that the spammers are more on top of this
> >> than the legit mailers.
> > 
> > 
> > *NO*.  I am talking about using authentication status as the basis for a
> > new set of checks such as whitelisting.  I have been saying since the
> > beginning that spammers would authenticate their outbound mail in hipes
> > that someone would make the brain-dead assumption that "authenticated" ==
> > "wanted".
> 
> It can also serve as a basis for reputation and accreditation systems.

For an identification to useful for reputation assessment, there needs
to be certainty this identity has not been spoofed.  This is not
achievable with Sender-ID.  There are many scenarios where Sender-ID can
be spoofed, as the mail channel is not secure.

It is possible to establish an authenticated name for the MTA however,
and then assert a mailbox domain relationship with MTA names.  The MTA
name, as the stronger identification, and not the mailbox domain, could
be used for reputation assessment.  The use of the mailbox/MTA
relationship would be helpful in lowering odds of being tagged by a
filter.  This type of arrangement overcomes the high DNS overhead
problem plaguing Sender-ID.  This arrangement is no worse than endemic
use of Resent-From headers for administrators to understand, and it has
far less overhead to implement than Sender-ID.
 
-Doug



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Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
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At 06:59 PM 9/3/2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:

>On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
>
> > The debate over the MUST/SHOULD/MAY language with regard to compliance
> > and publication of TXT and SPF2 record types does not seem to be
> > getting the attention of the full working group.
> >
> > Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
> > stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> > 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> > 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
> > state during phase-in.
> >
> > Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will deprecate
> > the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2
> > demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current
> > -protocol document.
> >
> > Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY language directly
> > (and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on
> > these positions.
>
>I take middle position:
>
>  1.5) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times and tolerate
>       non-compliance as a matter of fact (current reality) for a given
>       period of time (next 4 years say).

Please be sure ALL such timeout dates are listed in drafts as a period of 
time from when the draft is published as an RFC. Dates should NEVER be set 
in a draft as pointing to a specific date on the calendar, nor from the 
date a draft appears in the drafts repository.

We've run into issues before where "deadlines" were set and then acted upon 
before drafts were approved. Please let's not ever do that again. 



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Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 05:33:48PM -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
> state during phase-in.
> 

I'm more comfortable with option 2, as it provides time for transition
and experimentation.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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To: "'Anne P. Mitchell, Esq.'" <amitchell@isipp.com>,
        IETF MARID WG
	 <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Sender-ID provides little or no defence against adapt
	ive threats
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Even if we end up with spammers using disposable domains it will
mean a major switching cost for every message variant. In effect
the use of hash busters will be completely negated.

Saying that Sender ID will not work because of the throaway domain 
problem is like saying that it is pointless putting locks on your
doors because a burglar can break a window. In the real world breaking
windows creates noise and leads to burglars being caught.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Anne P. Mitchell,
> Esq.
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 4:55 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Sender-ID provides little or no defence against
> adaptive threats
> 
> 
> 
> 
> > Anne P. Mitchell wrote:
> > >cf. CipherTrust's study released this week in which >50% of the 
> > sources
> > >for all email surveyed which published SPF records were spammers.
> > >
> > >http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/08/31/HNspammerstudy_1.html
> >
> > Just so there is no confusion... this is good news for SPF, not bad 
> > news.
> >
> 
> Absolutely, completely agreed!  I should have elaborated.  As I have 
> said in various public posts (elsewhere), if spammers want to tie 
> themselves to their sites by authentication, that's a *good* 
> thing.  My 
> points are that a) spammers will adopt whatever is out there, and in 
> this instance b) spammers are stupid - by adopting what they 
> *think* is 
> an anti-spam protocol to help get their spam through, they 
> are actually 
> raising their hands and saying "here I am!"
> 
> Anne
> 



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> Steve Bellovin is security area advisor at IETF and part of IESG. While 
> we're at it please look through his message and compare if we solved other 
> issues mentioned there too.

Actually, I'm just going to reforward his message (its important as we're 
on last call) and go through the issues mentioned. Again original is at 
http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/200401/msg00037.html
My comments are listed in (--- ... ---).

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Delivered-To: dfarber+@ux13.sp.cs.cmu.edu
Date: Sun, 04 Jan 2004 18:23:55 -0500
From: "Steven M. Bellovin" <bellovin@acm.org>
Subject: Re: [IP] MTA packagers please consider SPF
To: dave@farber.net

 >From: mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com (Meng Weng Wong)
 >Subject: MTA packagers please consider SPF
 >To: chip@perlsupport.com
 >Cc: dave@farber.net
 >
 >SUMMARY
 >
 >   This message goes to some of the maintainers of MTA packages for major
 >   Linux distributions.  I ask that they consider adding SPF support to
 >   their packages in helping to solve spam.  I founded pobox.com, which
 >   produced the MySQL extensions for Postfix.  I authored the SPF
 >   standard and am now trying to get it widely adopted.

Dave, I hope that people don't jump too rapidly on the SPF "standard".
 From my persepctive, it's very far from ready for prime time.
(Note that although I'm a member of the IESG, I'm speaking as an
individual.  I'm not even saying how I'd vote if this document were
to come before the IESG today -- IESG evaluations are a deliberative
process, and I could very easily be talked out of some or all of
my points.)

There are several major problems with the document as written,
including its semantic model, the uptake model, and the "specsmanship".
The latter is easiest to fix, but it will render current implementations
useless if the eventual spec is different.  Running code is a great
way to test a concept; too much deployment of bad running code is
a tremendous obstacle to a decent standard.  I'm not even talking
of the perfect being the enemy of the good.

To make it easier to read, I've indented the major sections of this
note:

Specsmanship:
	The version number definition is problematic -- it only
	has major version numbers.  I suspect that we need minor
	version numbers as well, for operational debugging.
(----
 This is solved with new protocol SPF2 records that have minor version.
 I'm not certain how important this is though... (it could be introduced
 to spf1 as neutral "comment" modifier to be ignored)
----)

	The most glaring problem with SPF is the use of TXT records.
	TXT records are supposed to be free-form text, with no
	semantics attached.  The use of TXT for test purposes is
	understandable (though regrettable -- an experimental record
	type code would be better); the use of TXT records for
	textual error messages is not.  The document itself notes
	the problem of ordering of multi-record messages.
(----
 Current drafts do not allow for "multi-record messages". I note that I'm
 personally for allowing it but we will need modifier specifying ordering
 then and it may get more complicated.
----)

	Beyond that, there are problems with internationalization: 
	what language should the error message be in, and in what
	character set is it encoded? A simple URI would be a better
	solution; at the least, it should point to an SPFERR record.
(----
 I remember discussions about this at spf-discuss. I don't remember
 if there was any resolution...
----)

	(Record subtyping in the DNS causes problems; see RFC 3445
	for some details on why.)

	The use of TXT-like records is problematic because it
	requires parsing an ASCII string in a DNS resolver.  (Yes,
	I know that NAPTR records require the same sort of parse.
	I don't much like that, either.)  The more complex the
	parse, the harder it is to get right, both for the author
	and the receiver of such records. 
(----
 As Yakov pointed out this should be listed as an issue in security section.
----)

 	A TLV-based structure
	permits parsing by the author's DNS server, and is easier
	to interpret on the receiving end.

	The Received-SPF header line is badly specified.  It doesn't
	follow the the standards for other RFC 822/2822 headers
	(i.e., it requires exactly one space in certain places
	where an arbitrary amount of white space (including none)
	is permitted in other headers); it has some things as
	comments (receiving host) that should be parseable; and it
	doesn't mandate that Received-SPF lines from outside of
	the domain MUST be deleted.  (The actual requirements here
	are more complex; I won't go into details in this note.)
	Yes, the line as specified is a bit easier to parse, but
	any spam filter is going to have to deal with many other
	headers, and hence will have to have a full-fledged 822/2822
	parser.
(----
 Open issue. We need new draft on reporting results of spf verification 
 in either special new header or as part of received header.
----)

	Too many cases can result in an "unknown" return value.
	That makes debugging hard.  There needs to be a "none"
	value, for cases where there is no SPF record; there needs
	to be a type code for "unknown", to distinguish among the
	many error cases.  Beyond that, the set of type codes needs
	to be enumerated -- as is, we'll see an operational nightmare.
(----
 I think this is now listed on page 16 of protocol draft.
 Mark, do you want to comment if this is now resolved? 
----)

	Section 5 speaks of using Received: lines.  Such lines have
	been forged by spammers for many years.  While they can be
	used, great care must be taken.  This document needs to
	define the necessary steps appropriately.
(----
 Open issue as has been seen in latest MUA related discussions. I'm in 
 favor of specifying that they should not be used beyond the very top
 (last added one) in the email message.
----)

	5.1 speaks of cidr-lengths, but 5.2 et seq. speak of
	dual-cidr-length.  That looks like something where the
	editing hasn't caught up yet.  But having a CIDR length on
	an MX record is a bad idea, since there may be multiple MX
	records with different appropriate lengths.

	The macro language scares me -- it's very complex.  Note
	that DNS records are limited to 512 bytes unless EDNS0 is
	used; EDNS0 is not widely used today, and may incur other
	costs.  But the real problem is that the functionality
	permitted may be far too rich -- arbitrary semantics are
	not a good idea, since they can lead to random breakage
	when some site implements a test that another site isn't
	prepared to meet.  In Postel's language, a sender can't be
	conservative in what it emits if it doesn't know what the
	requirements are.
(----
 I'm not certain if these are resolved or not.
 Mark may want to comment on cidr-lenghts and macro.
----)

	8.4 ruins much of the effectiveness of the scheme -- it
	provides ways to avoid processing.  For example, a spam
	engine could send email with a local-seeming HELO, MAIL
	FROM, and From: entries, in which case (per Example 3) SPF
	isn't to be used.  Spam from abuse@ or postmaster@ can also
	bypass checks.
(----
 I think this issue does not come up with SenderID/PRA drafts...
 Somebody please do comment if it still exist with Classic-SPF.
----)

	The suggestion that this scheme become default in April,
	2004 (Section 9.4) is preposterous.  Even if the IESG were
	to approve this document today -- and very few documents
	are passed on first try -- it would take far longer than
	four months to build, test, and deploy production-grade
	clients and servers.
(----
 The "April 2004" date is no longer of consequence...
----)

	The security considerations section mentions IP address
	spoofing, though the FAQ claims that they aren't real.  I
	agree that classical spoofing, per Morris' 1984 memo, is
	probably not a major threat here.  But spammers are using
	BGP to steal entire address blocks -- that's a bigger
	threat.  (The FAQ also points to RFC 2761 when it should
	be 2671.)
(----
 As suggested by Jim Fenton, IP hijacking is now listed as a threat 
 in the appropriate section of core draft.
----)

Uptake Model:
	As Rick Adams has pointed out, there is no consensus yet
	that this is the right way to go.  The major ISPs on the
	net -- AOL, Yahoo, MSN, etc. -- have not bought into this
	scheme. Unless and until they do, it doesn't help much,
	either for their customers (who make up a substantial
	proportion of the user population) or for everyone else
	(since their addresses could be forged).
(----
 AOL now published SPF records and commented on this list regarding
 SenderID and I suspect MSN supports this too as its part of Microsoft.
----)

Semantic Model:
	In a strong sense, the part that requires the most debate
	is the semantic model.  SPF strongly binds a sender to some
	DNS records.  But that isn't always a good idea.  People
	who use portable email addresses will now be constrained
	to use the domain owner's SMTP sender, which may not even
	exist.  (A more interesting model would permit delegation
	of individual user names to particular sending machines.
	But that would probably require too much public key
	cryptography to be affordable.)
(----
 I believe how individual users can be permitted to do have separate
 email signatures is part of Jim Fenton's Identified Mail proposal.
 Similarly this is also supported by my MTA Signatures proposal
 as individual public keys could be used by users that could be
 signed by entity's main public key. Both of these proposals are to be
 discussed as part of http://www.imc.org/ietf-mailsig/index.html

 SPF protocol by means of macros also allows to have individual user 
 dns records but it might not be very popular way to do it.
----)

	The net effect will be to bind users more strongly to their
	ISPs and/or their employers.  While big ISPs may like that,
	it flies in the face of current (American) public policy
	-- witness local telephone number portability.  Ironically,
	it will also discourage a current anti-spam strategy used
	by many: throw-away email addresses for particular purposes.

	It will also make life harder for people who regularly use
	multiple sending email addresses.  For reasons of privacy,
	my children generally use email address that are not readily
	tied to their real names.  But for certain very important
	kinds of communication -- sending email to teachers, for
	example -- they use a family-linked email address.

	It isn't always clear to people what SMTP server they're
	actually using.  Over the last few years, I've noticed that
	one major hotel chain intercepts outbound SMTP connections.
	I don't know if they're trying to defend against check-in
	spammers or if they're trying to help travelers whose
	laptops are hard-wired to point to their company's or home
	ISP's SMTP servers.  Granted, people should use VPNs or
	SMTP/SASL for such things; too may don't and perhaps can't
	-- if your ISP doesn't support it, for example, you can't
	use it, and switching ISPs carries a non-trivial cost,
	especially if you have only one choice of broadband ISP.

	I've underscored some of my points here by using a portable
	email address of my own, rather than my usual email address.

(---- 
  I think all these issues have been raised before and people
  decided that certain limitations are worth it for better email
  security. Possibly draft needs to talk about this more...
----)

Conclusion:
	The basic concept may or may not be a good idea.  The
	authors themselves admit that it's only part of a total
	anti-spam solution, and I'm not convinced that it's worth
	the deployment effort.  Its strongest in dealing with "joe
	jobs" -- spammers (and worms) impersonating real email
	addresses -- but that's the part that most runs afoul of
	my semantic concerns. 

--------------------------------------------------------------------

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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	Fri, 3 Sep 2004 16:59:26 -0700
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
From: Max Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@kerio.com>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 14:32, Andrew Newton wrote:
>  From the discussion on prefixes for the DNS record, there seems to have 
> been no discernible outcome regarding the use of prefixes for the 
> purposes of avoiding collisions with other DNS records (thus avoiding 
> fallback to DNS over TCP).

	I suspect that I missed some of the comments on this possibly earlier,
as I only recently was able to get to this list. (I thought that perhaps
my developers were on it, but it turns out that they aren't, I think.)
Anyhow, here's my thoughts:

	Any requirement (or even expectation) of DNS over TCP will probably
kill widespread adoption of Sender ID, as DNS over TCP does not work
over a large number of networks. Either it's blocked at a firewall, or
it's disabled on the DNS server.

	If we use a record in domain.tld, we have a higher chance of collision
with some other record than if we use _senders (or some other prefix).
Granted, wildcards are a problem, but they're not really significant,
because obviously the admins who enable wildcards expect spurious DNS
hits and are willing to accept that strange things might happen. Also,
whether I get a collision (or too large of a DNS reply) from querying
*.domain.tld, or domain.tld, it makes no difference to me. The only
thing about using a prefix is that I get to choose to avoid that
collision.

	I don't think it's a huge issue -- what are sysadmins currently using
TXT records in domain.tld for, and how many of them also have wildcards
enabled? I don't know of an extensive number of uses of those things
combined.

	Personally, as a sysadmin, potential implementor, and the fellow who
will have to deal with any angry customers, I'd probably prefer having a
prefix, as I suspect that it will clear up more problems that it will
create.
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.
2041 Mission College Blvd. Suite 100
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: (408) 496-4500
Fax: (408) 496-6902
Web: http://www.kerio.com/support.html




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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004 17:32:22 -0400, Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote:
> 
> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?

My understanding from discussing uses of the PRA is that the PRA
doesn't need to be a functioning mailbox, and that its domain doesn't
even need to have an MX or A record.

So can't people just use a prefix anyway?  Sites concerned about
conflicts with other large TXT records can still use a prefix.  They
just need to add a header field like:

Resent-Sender: sender@_rmx.mydomain.tld

Presumably most Sender-ID compliant MTAs will have facilities for
automatically adding such headers anyway.

Thus, I support not mandating any prefix.

David



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Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
From: Max Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@kerio.com>
To: Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com>
Cc: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 15:21, Daniel Quinlan wrote:
> I think Position 3 needs to be mentioned:
> 
> 3) Remove SPF2 record and specify the use of TXT going forward.

	I agree.

	Barring that this solution (#3) is adopted, I believe that the
specification should require full compliance from the start. There are
(relatively) very few Sender ID implementations now, and there will be
many in the future. Requiring compliance now means a hope for 99%
interoperation, where as making compliance optional means a fight that
we're putting in the future when we *do* desire compliance.

	"MUST" means something very significant to developers and managers,
whereas making compliance optional means "Let's make it work in some
hacked way, even in our brand-new implementation, because we're under
time pressure to implement this feature that our customers want."

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.
2041 Mission College Blvd. Suite 100
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: (408) 496-4500
Fax: (408) 496-6902
Web: http://www.kerio.com/support.html




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Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 20:36:21 -0400
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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On Sep 3, 2004, at 6:19 PM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> I am not sure how #1 differs from #2? Are you suggesting that if we 
> adopt position #1, someone not having SPF RR records would be ignored?

My interpretation of the thread is "might be ignored".

-andy



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Subject: RE: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Daniel Senie
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 11:02 AM
> To: Meng Weng Wong; ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID

> At 02:42 AM 9/3/2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>
> >On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 06:25:21AM +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
> >|
> >| Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:
> >|
> >| > As I said before, there is a large majority of mail that
> goes from large
> >| > commercial sites (or consumer ISPs) merely one hop to another large
> >| > commercial ISP, so the From: header will be successfully
> authenticated.
> >|
> >| In the case of sending from a large ISP (and that includes commercial
> >| sites who outsource email) that is not true. Unless the ISP does
> >| additional checking then Sender-ID (and SPF) still allows a customer
> >| of the ISP to forge the mail as coming from any other customer of that
> >| ISP.
> >
> >My read of most ISPs is that they are willing to move in
> >this direction if it proves necessary.  Many ISPs are
> >beginning to roll out (mandatory) SMTP AUTH.  With that in
> >place, halting cross-customer forgery becomes a much more
> >likely proposition.
>
> To be a little more accurate, SMTP AUTH does not prevent customers of an
> ISP or hosting company spoofing one another, but it does provide an audit
> trail, so the person doing the spoofing can easily be identified from log
> entries.
>
> The real point (which I think Meng was trying to make) is that if we use
> whatever this WG produces (assuming something useful is produced) a
> mechanism that gets us back to the originating ISP, abuse at that
> level can
> and should be handled by that ISP. It may be beyond the scope of
> this WG to
> solve the internal abuse issues within an ISP.
>
Currently Sender-ID only gets us back to the ISP if the PRA is an address in
the ISP's domain.  In the case of a single hop, non-forwarded message from
the ISP, if from: is a different domain than the ISP's, PRA will resolve to
the from: domain and not the ISP: domain.  While the from: domain could
report any complaints to the ISP, by the time the matter was resolved, the
from: domain might already be blacklisted (assuming domain name based
blacklists again become popular).

I think it would be much better to insist that in this case the ISP domain
be the PRA by adding an appropriate 2822 header as I suggested earlier:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04034.html

This gets us directly back to the originating ISP and also place the risk of
blacklisting where it belongs.  Since it would be the ISP's reputation that
would be at stake, they would also be more likely to be motivated to limit
cross-customer forgery in the first place.

Scott Kitterman



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep  4 00:10:24 2004
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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Andrew Newton'" <andy@hxr.us>, "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 2004 23:43:22 -0400
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I vote for position 1, future RFC should deprecate TXT record AFTER a SPF RR is approved and
implemented in DNS servers.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Andrew Newton
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 5:34 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
>
>
>
> The debate over the MUST/SHOULD/MAY language with regard to
> compliance
> and publication of TXT and SPF2 record types does not seem to be
> getting the attention of the full working group.
>
> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
> state during phase-in.
>
> Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will
> deprecate
> the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2
> demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current
> -protocol document.
>
> Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY language directly
> (and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on
> these positions.
>
> -your co-chairs
>



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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Rejection of Sender ID does not result in standardiza
	tion of SPF Classic
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> Rand Wacker writes:
> 
> > fine, that's the choice of the group.  No-one here should 
> be under the
> > impression that scuttling Sender ID at this time will give 
> SPF Classic any
> > fast track through the standards process.
> 
> That's fine.  You might want to study the evolution of NNTP.  
> There, lack of 
> the official IETF stamp of approval did not inhibit NNTP from 
> evolving.  If 
> you try to implement NNTP based only on IETF's standards-track 
> documentation, you won't get very far.

Are you saying that NNTP is a good example of protocol design?
Or a good example of creating a widely supported feature set?

I don't think either really holds. NNTP was in any case established
and the RFC published before the date of the first IETF meeting
and long before there was a defined IETF process.

NNTP chews up about four orders of bandwidth more bandwidth than it
needs to. The protcol set is poorly standardized and the application
has failed to meet the problems of spam, trolls and other social 
issues.

There is a reason why NNTP has been replaced by the blogosphere.



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Andrew Newton
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 5:32 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: consensus call of RR prefix
>
>
>
>  From the discussion on prefixes for the DNS record, there seems to have
> been no discernible outcome regarding the use of prefixes for the
> purposes of avoiding collisions with other DNS records (thus avoiding
> fallback to DNS over TCP).
>
> Naturally, this issue wraps itself into both the versioning/scoping
> issue and the wildcard issue.  Based on the comments received so far,
> it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there is no consensus on how to
> handle wildcards and that most participants seem to agree that
> wildcards present a problem no matter the solution.  Based on the
> comments received so far, it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there
> is consensus on placing the "scope" in the RDATA of the record and no
> consensus on the scope being in the prefix.
>
> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?
>
> Incidentally, the co-chairs note that many examples of the prefix have
> used "-marid".  We would note that "MARID" is the name of this working
> group and likely not meaningful beyond the context of discussions and
> process of this working group.  Therefore we recommend a more
> meaningful label such as "_rmx": the deduction of its meaning is easier
> and it references the genesis of the MARID idea.
>
> -your co-chairs
>
One possibly small point with respect to deployment in this area...

At least some (and I understand it to be many) DNS providers do not
currently allow underscore characters.  Even if other issues that might
prevent my deployment of Sender-ID records are resolved, I would currently
be unable to publish records if they are prefixed with an underscore due to
such limitations.

Scott Kitterman



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Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
References: <F10C6AA6-FDF0-11D8-B6CF-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us>
From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Sat, 04 Sep 2004 05:53:02 +0100
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Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY language directly 
> (and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on 
> these positions.

I think we should require full compliance from the start. Having taken
that stance, I would question the need for having 2 RR types. It is
acknowledged (in the current documents) that the use of TXT is a
transitional, but if we require everyone to publish SPF2 (or whatver
name is used) RR then I do not think we need to publish or check TXT
records. I would also support the alternative given by Daniel
Quinlan's response of dropping SFP RR and using TXT as this would lead
to less deployment problems than using a new RR - though I understand
and appreciate the arguments for having a new RR.
 



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Rejection of Sender ID does not result in standardiza
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Hallam-Baker, Phillip writes:
> Are you saying that NNTP is a good example of protocol design? Or a 
> good example of creating a widely supported feature set?

It's an example of a protocol that's evolved outside anyone's control. 
In my impression, it's evolved without accompanying documentation. Very 
inconvenient for implementers.

Arnt



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Sender-ID provides little or no defence against adaptive threats
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 "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" commented:

>
> Even if we end up with spammers using disposable domains it will
> mean a major switching cost for every message variant. In effect
> the use of hash busters will be completely negated.
>
> Saying that Sender ID will not work because of the throaway domain
> problem is like saying that it is pointless putting locks on your
> doors because a burglar can break a window.

I don't think anyone is listing this as a weakness of  Sender-ID - certainly
no-one on this thread.

All anti-forgery schemes which force the bad guys to have to make themselves
visible are ultimately helpful.

We seem to have a violent agreement for once!


>In the real world breaking
> windows creates noise and leads to burglars being caught.
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> > [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Anne P. Mitchell,
> > Esq.
> > Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 4:55 PM
> > To: IETF MARID WG
> > Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Sender-ID provides little or no defence against
> > adaptive threats
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > > Anne P. Mitchell wrote:
> > > >cf. CipherTrust's study released this week in which >50% of the
> > > sources
> > > >for all email surveyed which published SPF records were spammers.
> > > >
> > > >http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/08/31/HNspammerstudy_1.html
> > >
> > > Just so there is no confusion... this is good news for SPF, not bad
> > > news.
> > >
> >
> > Absolutely, completely agreed!  I should have elaborated.  As I have
> > said in various public posts (elsewhere), if spammers want to tie
> > themselves to their sites by authentication, that's a *good*
> > thing.  My
> > points are that a) spammers will adopt whatever is out there, and in
> > this instance b) spammers are stupid - by adopting what they
> > *think* is
> > an anti-spam protocol to help get their spam through, they
> > are actually
> > raising their hands and saying "here I am!"
> >
> > Anne
> >
>
 Chris




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 "william(at)elan.net" was quoting Steven Bellovin:

<snip>
>
> Beyond that, there are problems with internationalization:
> what language should the error message be in, and in what
> character set is it encoded? A simple URI would be a better
> solution; at the least, it should point to an SPFERR record.
> (----
>  I remember discussions about this at spf-discuss. I don't remember
>  if there was any resolution...
> ----)
>
</snip>

I started the 'internationalisation' thread, both here and on spf-discuss.

The conclusions I came to myself were:

1)  The barrier to internationalisation support is that the text supplied in
SMTP rejections is only (implicitly-) defined as being in US-ASCII. One would
have to change RFC 8211 to introduce some form of encoding, and it could break
existing systems.

2) The best compromise seemed to be to put a URL into the SPF string (as implied
by one of the examples), and hope that users realize that they should click on
it to see the fully-internationalised error message.

Anything else appeared to need substantial re-engineering outside the scope of
MARID.

Chris Haynes




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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 09:08:13PM -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> There is a reason why NNTP has been replaced by the blogosphere.

And that reason is spam. Not bad protocol design.

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



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On Thu, 2 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

> This is not a technical issue, it is the type of issue the IESG should
> be involved with instead of making technical comments on the WG
> output.

The selection of technology is a technical issue. Patent encumbrances are
a factor in that decision.

> The problem here is that a bad precedent was set with the RSA patent.
> There are two types of patent at issue, casual patents and 
> fundamental ones.

The RSA patent did not set any precedents, other than its subject matter. 
In that sense, every patent is precedent setting.

There are only truly novel patents and patents that aren't truly novel.  

But there is always another way to do something. It may be inconvenient.  
It may be so inconvenient that you don't want to do it, or so inconvenient
that licensing is the grudgingly unhappy but obvious choice.  Or, out of
principle, you may just choose not to do it at all.  But sometimes the
search for another way to do something turns up a better solution: compare
LZW and bzip.

The scary thing about truly novel patents is that they may be so
revolutionary that it will take a long time to find another alternative, 
and so impactful that non-licensees can't survive economically with the 
alternatives.

Another scary thing is that one ordinarilly learns about them 18 months
after the filing. In those 18 months, one may have deployed quite a few
copies of the technology which they will have to pay for, or one may have
committed significant investment in the technology.  You only learn about
this patent expense up to 18 months after its been incurred.

		--Dean



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

> 
> Even if we end up with spammers using disposable domains it will
> mean a major switching cost for every message variant. In effect
> the use of hash busters will be completely negated.
> 
> Saying that Sender ID will not work because of the throaway domain 
> problem is like saying that it is pointless putting locks on your
> doors because a burglar can break a window. In the real world breaking
> windows creates noise and leads to burglars being caught.

There is no point in putting a lock on a free-standing doorframe when the
burglar can simply walk around the door. And that is the situation we
face.  Spammers can still forge email, even without disposable domains.  
They can forge email from the domain (any domain) serviced by their ISP.
There are infinitely many user addresses to the left of the @ sign.  Since 
there no walls, there is no point in having doors with locks.

If the abuser just doesn't want to give an email address they use, they
can forge an address at their ISPs domain. Or they can use a disposable
address.  One still has to contact the ISP with the IP address and time of
use of the abuser.  Same as one would without sender-id/SPF/RMX.

If the abuser is interested in harrassing a particular email address (a
joe job), they can just forge email to their ISP's relay. That relay will
then bounce the message to the target.  The target then has to contact
each ISP to report the abuse. But they had to do that before
sender-id/SPF/RMX. The problem is the same.  

At great expense, you've accomplished nothing.

		--Dean



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Rejection of Sender ID does not result in standardiza tion of SPF Classic
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> > There is a reason why NNTP has been replaced by the blogosphere.
>
> And that reason is spam. Not bad protocol design.

And the the relative lack of a proficiency barrier to entry.

Anne




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep  4 09:32:25 2004
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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Dean Anderson'" <dean@av8.com>,
        "'Hallam-Baker, Phillip'" <pbaker@verisign.com>
Cc: "'Anne P. Mitchell, Esq.'" <amitchell@isipp.com>,
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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Sender-ID provides little or no defense against adaptive threats
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Not "accomplished nothing" but we would have accomplished the need for the next step:  SMTP AUTH
that incorporates spoofing prevention.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Dean Anderson
> Sent: Saturday, September 04, 2004 4:51 AM
> To: Hallam-Baker, Phillip
> Cc: 'Anne P. Mitchell, Esq.'; IETF MARID WG
> Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Sender-ID provides little or no defence against
> adaptive threats
>
>
>
> On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
>
> >
> > Even if we end up with spammers using disposable domains it will
> > mean a major switching cost for every message variant. In effect
> > the use of hash busters will be completely negated.
> >
> > Saying that Sender ID will not work because of the throaway domain
> > problem is like saying that it is pointless putting locks on your
> > doors because a burglar can break a window. In the real
> world breaking
> > windows creates noise and leads to burglars being caught.
>
> There is no point in putting a lock on a free-standing
> doorframe when the
> burglar can simply walk around the door. And that is the situation we
> face.  Spammers can still forge email, even without
> disposable domains.
> They can forge email from the domain (any domain) serviced by
> their ISP.
> There are infinitely many user addresses to the left of the @
> sign.  Since
> there no walls, there is no point in having doors with locks.
>
> If the abuser just doesn't want to give an email address they
> use, they
> can forge an address at their ISPs domain. Or they can use a
> disposable
> address.  One still has to contact the ISP with the IP
> address and time of
> use of the abuser.  Same as one would without sender-id/SPF/RMX.
>
> If the abuser is interested in harrassing a particular email
> address (a
> joe job), they can just forge email to their ISP's relay.
> That relay will
> then bounce the message to the target.  The target then has to contact
> each ISP to report the abuse. But they had to do that before
> sender-id/SPF/RMX. The problem is the same.
>
> At great expense, you've accomplished nothing.
>
> 		--Dean
>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep  4 09:37:49 2004
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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Andrew Newton'" <andy@hxr.us>, "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 09:10:51 -0400
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After reading this:
> On Sep 3, 2004, at 6:19 PM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > I am not sure how #1 differs from #2? Are you suggesting that if we
> > adopt position #1, someone not having SPF RR records would be ignored?
>
> My interpretation of the thread is "might be ignored".

I did not infer that implication myself.

And after careful consideration I am going to have to change my vote to (2), I cannot accept
condoning of ignoring published SPF records (regardless of RR type).

Sorry for any confusion.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of
> terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 11:43 PM
> To: 'Andrew Newton'; 'IETF MARID WG'
> Subject: RE: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
>
>
>
> I vote for position 1, future RFC should deprecate TXT record
> AFTER a SPF RR is approved and
> implemented in DNS servers.
>
> Terry Fielder
> Manager Software Development and Deployment
> Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
> terry@greatgulfhomes.com
> Fax: (416) 441-9085
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> > [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Andrew Newton
> > Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 5:34 PM
> > To: IETF MARID WG
> > Subject: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
> >
> >
> >
> > The debate over the MUST/SHOULD/MAY language with regard to
> > compliance
> > and publication of TXT and SPF2 record types does not seem to be
> > getting the attention of the full working group.
> >
> > Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
> > stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> > 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> > 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
> > state during phase-in.
> >
> > Position 1 is predicated on the notion that a future RFC will
> > deprecate
> > the (use of the) TXT record in favor of the SPF2 record.  Position 2
> > demands that the TXT record be discouraged from use in the current
> > -protocol document.
> >
> > Rather than wordsmithing the actual MUST/SHOULD/MAY
> language directly
> > (and endlessly), we ask the participants state their preference on
> > these positions.
> >
> > -your co-chairs
> >
>



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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 05:32:22PM -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?

As there is almost no other use for TXT records as we speak (perhaps
someone could be so kind to repost the survey carried out on a large
list of domains, which stated how many domains with non-spf1 txt records
were found) and added to that the problems with wildcards, my opinion is
that prefixes are not preferable.

However, problems might start to exist in the future, when several
competing versions of spf-derived protocols will be in effect. However,
this might also be a pro, as it limits the proliferation of possible
spf-derived protocols and therefore will force the community to converge
on a standard sooner.

Koen Martnes

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep  4 09:43:50 2004
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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Andrew Newton'" <andy@hxr.us>, "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 09:20:18 -0400
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No, don't make prefixes required (this is an oversimplication but I believe to cover the reasons for
common deployment):

-not all dns servers support "_"
-domains with potential collision issues can explicitly use a small redirect to move the spf query
result elsewhere
-many dns providers do not allow subdomains (or not easily via an interface, and we need to keep
publishing easy or it won't get done)(yes I know many ISPs don't support TXT RR either, but that
*is* changing and it *is* an RFC compliant DNS standard, even if SPF abuses it)


Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Andrew Newton
> Sent: Friday, September 03, 2004 5:32 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: consensus call of RR prefix
>
>
>
>  From the discussion on prefixes for the DNS record, there
> seems to have
> been no discernible outcome regarding the use of prefixes for the
> purposes of avoiding collisions with other DNS records (thus avoiding
> fallback to DNS over TCP).
>
> Naturally, this issue wraps itself into both the versioning/scoping
> issue and the wildcard issue.  Based on the comments received so far,
> it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there is no consensus
> on how to
> handle wildcards and that most participants seem to agree that
> wildcards present a problem no matter the solution.  Based on the
> comments received so far, it is the opinion of the co-chairs
> that there
> is consensus on placing the "scope" in the RDATA of the record and no
> consensus on the scope being in the prefix.
>
> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a
> prefix be
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of
> preventing
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?
>
> Incidentally, the co-chairs note that many examples of the
> prefix have
> used "-marid".  We would note that "MARID" is the name of
> this working
> group and likely not meaningful beyond the context of discussions and
> process of this working group.  Therefore we recommend a more
> meaningful label such as "_rmx": the deduction of its meaning
> is easier
> and it references the genesis of the MARID idea.
>
> -your co-chairs
>



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Hallam-Baker, Phillip writes:

> 
>> That's fine.  You might want to study the evolution of NNTP.  
>> There, lack of 
>> the official IETF stamp of approval did not inhibit NNTP from 
>> evolving.  If 
>> you try to implement NNTP based only on IETF's standards-track 
>> documentation, you won't get very far.
> 
> Are you saying that NNTP is a good example of protocol design?
> Or a good example of creating a widely supported feature set?

NNTP works.  It has survived the onslaught of spam far better than SMTP.  I 
may be see one or two spam message a week across all the newsgroups I'm 
subscribed to.  And NNTP's evolution was outside of the IETF process.

> I don't think either really holds. NNTP was in any case established
> and the RFC published before the date of the first IETF meeting
> and long before there was a defined IETF process.

The early versions of NNTP, perhaps.  The NNTP of today has evolved far 
beyond those early days.

> NNTP chews up about four orders of bandwidth more bandwidth than it
> needs to.

I don't think so.

>           The protcol set is poorly standardized and the application
> has failed to meet the problems of spam, trolls and other social 
> issues.

That's not what I'm seeing.  I see hundreds of thousands of independent 
nodes; excellent propagation, certainly no worse than SMTP.


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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep  4 11:06:45 2004
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Subject: [Deploy]  Insufficient Microsoft IPR disclosure 
From: Tripp Cox <tripp@corp.earthlink.net>
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First, let me say that I think the proposed Sender-ID framework is a great 
first step in creating a low-overhead, global sender authentication 
framework.   I would like nothing more than to deploy Sender-ID at 
EarthLink, however a lack of information in the Microsoft IPR claims and 
associated license at present will prevent me from doing so, base on the 
following advise from EarthLink counsel.

The IETF's position on the provision of IP rights in connection with a 
particular patent holder that is proposing a standard require that "working 
groups and participants have as much information about any IPR constraints 
on a technical proposal as possible."  What we have received, to date, from 
Microsoft is a short description of what Microsoft intends to include 
within its license.  A link to this licensing position can be found at:
http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/standards.

Among the areas of concern for EarthLink include:

Timing of the disclosure:

The IPR for the IETF requires timely disclosure of all relevant licensing 
terms.  As stated in Section 6.2 of Intellectual Property Rights in IETF 
Technology: "Timely IPR disclosure is important because working group need 
to have as much information as they can while they are evaluating 
alternative solutions."

Substance of Grant and Lack of Disclosure

Microsoft's proposed license does not meet the requirements of the IPR.  
While Microsoft states that it is willing to license all of its potential 
IPR to implement the standard on a royalty-free basis, Microsoft must also 
disclose any other terms and conditions in connection with this license.  
The disclosure by Microsoft fails to indicate these terms and conditions.  
As a result, we are not able to determine whether the license granted by 
Microsoft will fully enable the full use of Sender ID within a proposed 
standard and if there are any other impacts to integrally related areas 
that may not explicitly be included in the standard but may be necessary to 
fully exploit the standard.  Without having access to the terms and 
conditions of the Microsoft license, this situation cannot fully be 
evaluated.  In addition, it is not clear if all persons  will be able to 
obtain the right to implement, use, distribute and exercise other rights 
with respect to the proposed standard a) under a royalty-free and otherwise 
reasonable and non-discriminatory license, or b) under a license that
contains reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions,
including a reasonable royalty or other payment, or c) without the need to 
obtain a license from the IPR holder.  The answer to these questions is not 
clear and, as we understand it, Microsoft has been unwilling to address 
these issues.

If Microsoft would be willing to address these issues in a
satisfactory manner, then EarthLink would be willing and able to lend its 
support to the proposed standard.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep  4 11:32:34 2004
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From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
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>Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
>used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
>the requirement of DNS over TCP?

No, for two reasons.

The first is that it is not a very effective way to keep multiple TXT
records out of the same DNS node.  Based on what I've read, there
aren't a whole lot of other TXT records at the same nodes where MARID
records need to live.  The bloat problem occurs when you use
wildcards.  Since no DNS server I know supports wildcards of the form
_marid.*.phoo.com, you have to put all of your wildcards at *.phoo.com
and that's where you get overlap and bloat.  If specific nodes do get
overloaded, SPF and Sender-ID both let you use a short record pointing
to a longer record somewhere else as a band-aid.

The other is to keep in mind that using TXT records is a botch.  DNS
was designed to have a separate record type for each separate
application.  Type numbers are 16 bits so number assignments are not
particularly precious, and queries by type number are the right way to
get the records you want and not the records you don't want in a small
DNS response.  It's a historical accident, and arguably a historical
mistake, that there haven't been hundreds of types assigned in the
past two decades.

I realize that short-sighted implementation decisions by some DNS
software authors and vendors make it difficult to deploy new record
types in the near term.  The right response to that is to permit TXT
records as a transition measure (no doubt for a very long transition),
but to keep in mind that it's a transition and in the longer term, we
should deploy new record types as needed to support new services and
applications.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
Information Superhighwayman wanna-be, http://www.johnlevine.com, Mayor
"I dropped the toothpaste", said Tom, crestfallenly.



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Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 17:16:31 +0200
From: Martin Michlmayr - Debian Project Leader <leader@debian.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: DEPLOY: Debian project unable to deploy Sender ID
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This message summarises the position of the Debian project, producer
of the universal operating system: Debian GNU/Linux.  The Debian
project abides by a social contract to our users that specifies all
software included in the operating system will be Free Software,
meaning that it can be freely redistributed, modified, used, etc. as
defined under the Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG).

The current Microsoft Royalty-Free Sender ID Patent License Agreement
terms are a barrier to any Debian package which wants to implement
Sender ID or include Sender ID support.  We believe the current
license and resulting encumbrances are incompatible with the DFSG,
unlike other Internet standards that Debian is able to support.
Therefore, we cannot implement or deploy Sender ID under the current
license terms.  Indeed, we would be forced to remove SenderID support
=66rom software we ship that does support Sender ID upstream according
to the terms of our social contract.

For the most part, our legal concerns mirror those of the Apache
Software Foundation, the Free Software Foundation, as well as the
Postfix, Exim, and Courier maintainers.

We are also concerned that no company should be permitted intellectual
property rights (IPR) over core Internet infrastructure.  We believe
the IETF needs to revamp its IPR policies to ensure that the core
Internet infrastructure remain unencumbered.

With thanks to the Apache Software Foundation for their statement,
which we used as a starting point, though we have arrived at our
determination independently.

    Martin Michlmayr
    Debian Project Leader


Additional information

Debian Social Contract

   http://www.debian.org/social_contract

Debian Free Software Guidelines

   http://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines

Apache Statement on Sender ID

   http://www.apache.org/foundation/docs/sender-id-position.html

--=20
Martin Michlmayr
leader@debian.org

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep  4 12:53:24 2004
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John Levine wrote:

> Based on what I've read, there
> aren't a whole lot of other TXT records at the same nodes where MARID
> records need to live. 

spfv1 records live here right now.

> The bloat problem occurs when you use
> wildcards.  Since no DNS server I know supports wildcards of the form
> _marid.*.phoo.com, you have to put all of your wildcards at *.phoo.com
> and that's where you get overlap and bloat. 

This means that domainkeys records are going to get caught by these 
wildcards as well.  Wildcards just aren't going to work when we're 
publishing TXT records, period.

> If specific nodes do get
> overloaded, SPF and Sender-ID both let you use a short record pointing
> to a longer record somewhere else as a band-aid.

That's a fine workaround, but even *those* records will get caught by 
wildcards.  Wildcards won't work.

-Rand



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> > The bloat problem occurs when you use
> > wildcards.  Since no DNS server I know supports wildcards of the form
> > _marid.*.phoo.com, you have to put all of your wildcards at *.phoo.com
> > and that's where you get overlap and bloat.
>
> This means that domainkeys records are going to get caught by these
> wildcards as well.  Wildcards just aren't going to work when we're
> publishing TXT records, period.

At this point it appears that the most likely format for DK records is
some version of SPF records, so the band-aid works for them, too.

> > If specific nodes do get
> > overloaded, SPF and Sender-ID both let you use a short record pointing
> > to a longer record somewhere else as a band-aid.
>
> That's a fine workaround, but even *those* records will get caught by
> wildcards.  Wildcards won't work.

I don't see how repeating this claim makes it any more persuasive.  All
the records I know about can use the short pointer band-aid, and it looks
easy enough to have five or six band-aid records and still fit in a UDP
packet.  What am I missing?  I realize that a hundred TXT records won't
fit, but I don't see more than about four TXT record applications showing
up any time soon.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
Information Superhighwayman wanna-be, http://iecc.com/johnl, Mayor
"I dropped the toothpaste", said Tom, crestfallenly.



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Cc: <Matthew.van.Eerde@hbinc.com>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR: Name of SUBMITTER parameter
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    Harry> Actually, I prefer the name SUBMITTER and would like to
    Harry> stick with it.  I believe that, from the sender's
    Harry> perspective, the name accurately conveys what the parameter
    Harry> means.  It is only on the receiving side that the value
    Harry> becomes "purported."

Yeah.  I guess with hindsight including 'purported' in the name of the
identity was a mistake, since whether 'purported' is appropriate
depends on context.

We could always repurpose PRA to stand for Primary Responsible
Address; I'll make a separete post proposing that.

	 -roy





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>>>>> "Rand" == Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:

    Rand> I would suggest that the document be ammended to remind
    Rand> people that *all* TXT records published for domain.tld
    Rand> should fit in 480 bytes 

The current drafts mandate support for EDNS0 so the 480 byte limit
goes away.

I really think we shouldn't get to caught up in this 480 byte limit.

  -roy



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>>>>> "Rand" == Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:

    Rand>  and leaving the TXT records in the domain.tld dataspace,
    Rand> while ugly, seems like a good bit of parallelism for the SPF
    Rand> records that will be published in the same place.

I concur.  Purely pragmatically, many people will want to check both
SPF and IETF-compliant Sender ID.  Being able to fetch both with a
single query is therefore beneficial.

(Of course it doesn't matter if I use separate pieces of software to
check SPF and Sender ID, both of which make their own queries; my
local caching nameserver will still ensure that only one query is made
to the authoritative nameservers.)

   -roy



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Subject: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
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>>>>> "Andrew" == Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

    Andrew> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
    Andrew> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate
    Andrew> non-compliant state during phase-in.

As long as support for SPF2 records is mandatory for compliance on
both the publishing and checking side, I'm neutral as to what the
documents should say about use of TXT records as an altertive.  The
discussion of the TXT record could even be relegated to an informative
annexe.

People will make a pragmatic decision to publish and check for TXT
records as long as the pragmatic need to do so remains.  I see no
pressing need to mandate that pragmatism (though I see ow harm in
doing so if people want to).

      -roy



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I wrote:

    Roy> I concur.  Purely pragmatically, many people will want to
    Roy> check both SPF and IETF-compliant Sender ID.  Being able to
    Roy> fetch both with a single query is therefore beneficial.

I replied without thinking it through; compliant implementations will
check SPF2 first, so the gain I was envisaging does not exist.  In
fact, there's a loss in that you potentially fetch the Sender ID data
twice, once in the SPF2 lookup, and once in the TXT lookup needed for
SPF checks.

However, I'm against using a prefix with SPF2 records.  It would be
pointless as an attempt to avoid a clash with other uses of SPF2
records, and as others have said, wildcards are unlikely to be useful
in either case...

I'm neutral as to whether TXT records should have a prefix, but it's
probably simpler to put SPF2 records and TXT records at the same
place.

	-roy



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I'm against including the major version number of the protocol in the
name of the RR type.  The '2' should not be there.

_If_ the designers of a future standard decide they need a new
typecode, they are free to do so.

But I think versioning a protocol in the typecode is probably a bad
idea, and doing so from the outset doubly so.

I propose that the record simply be called SPF.

      -roy





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As a result of a recent post by Harry Katz, I've come to the
conclusion that the term 'Purported Responsible Address' may be a
mistake, and perhaps should be modified.

In the case of a Sender ID checker, the term makes sense.  The
identity is only purported; we don't know yet if the message is
forged.

But we need a name for this concept that is applicable in other
contexts, too, including those where the implications of the word
'purported' are inappropriate, since the senders identity is known by
other means. (eg SASL)

Harry's objection to using PRA= instead of SUBMITTER= in the MAIL FROM
command is, as I understand it, that at this point the address isn't
purported, it's known.

I therefore suggest that the term Primary Responsible Address would be
more appropriate.

    -roy





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>>>>> "Tony" == Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> writes:

    Tony> I'm afraid they are common enough that strict syntax
    Tony> checking has a high false positive rate.

OK, if the empty header check turns out to be useful, then I'm all for
keeping it.

I suggest that an empty field body is defined to be one that is of
zero lenght, or consists entirely of linear whitespace.

     -roy



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The PRA algorithm (deliberately) specifies its behaviour for messages
that are not conformant with RFC822 or RFC2822.  

I think it would be desirable to clarify why this is (ie to ensure a
deterministic result in the presence of liberal parsers) and what the
implications are (specifically that we are not in any way requiring
implementations to accept messages that they would otherwise have
rejected as malformed).

I suggest adding the following note to the end of section 2 of -pra.

  Although the algorithm specifies how messages that are not in
  conformance with the provisions of RFC822 or RFC2822 should be
  treated for the purposes of determining the purported responsible
  address, this should not be taken as requiring or recommending that
  any systems accept such messages when they would not otherwise have
  done so.

  However, if a liberal implementation that chooses to accept messages
  not in conformance with RFC822 or RFC2822, then it MUST use this
  algorithm to determine the purported responsible address of such
  messages.



  -roy



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A note should be added to -pra noting that the algorithm might have
unexpected results in rare cases where messages are formed according
to RFC822 rather than RFC2822:

  Where messages conform to RFC822 rather than RFC2822, it is possible
  for the algorithm to give unexpected results.  An RFC822 message
  should not normally contain more than one set of resent headers;
  however the placement of those headers is not specified, nor are
  they required to be contiguous.  It is hence possible that the
  Resent-From header will be selected even though a Resent-Sender
  header is present.  Such cases are expected to be rare or
  non-existent in practice.

  Implementations MUST use the algorithm as specified in this
  document, even where the message is know to conform to RFC822.


  -roy




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Subject: DOC-BUG: -pra intro
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-pra currently says

   This document describes an algorithm that allows one to determine who
   appears to have most recently caused an e-mail message to be
   delivered.  It does this by inspecting the headers in the message.
   [RFC2822] contains a detailed specification of all of the relevant
   headers.


I think this is the wrong approach, particularly now we have split out
PRA from Sender ID, and it might be used for other things, too.

We should be defining an identity.  Then we can comment on what it's
useful for.

I propose this should be replaced with:

   This document defines a new identity associated with a message,
   called the purported responsible address, which is determined by
   inspecting the header of the message.  [RFC2822] contains a
   detailed specification of all of the relevant header fields.

   The purported responsible address is designed to correspond to the
   entity that (according to the header) most recently caused an
   e-mail message to be delivered.

   The algorithm for determining the purported responsible address
   from the header of a message is given in section 2.


Also:

   For this reason, the result of the algorithm is called the
   "Purported Responsible Address" -- "purported" because it tells you
   what a message claims about where it came from, but not necessarily
   where it actually came from.

I believe this paragraph should be deleted as it relates to one
specific use of the PRA algorithm.

The PRA algorithm may be of use in circumstances where the headers are
known to be authentic.  Indeed, [SUBMITTER] requires that the PRA
algorithm be run by the sender as well as the recipient.

(See also my separate post suggesting that we rename the purported
responsible address so as to remove the word "purported")

	    -roy



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It might also be helpful if you are in a position to identify any
significant items on which the co-chairs believe there is a rough
concensus for a change, lest silence be mistaken for agreement (rather
than simply a sign of e-mail overload).

     -roy



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Also:

   This document does not prescribe any particular uses for the
   Purported Responsible Address.  However, [SenderID] describes a
   method of determining whether a particular MTA is authorized to send
   mail on behalf of the domain contained in the PRA.

This paragraph should also reference [SUBMITTER]

     -roy



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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR: Name of SPF2 record
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 12:34:47 -0700
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On Sep 4, 2004, at 10:46 AM, Roy Badami wrote:
> I propose that the record simply be called SPF.

This has been proposed several times on this list before.  Since I have 
seen only only dissent from the idea, assuming the chairs agree that 
there is general consensus on this, I'll make this change.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 21:34:49 +0200
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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 05:32:22PM -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?


There are still good reasons to have a prefix. 

A method like MARID (whatever it will be) is not limited to 
e-mail only. It can be used for other services (e.g. chat) as 
well to verify identity descriptors derived from domain names.

If there ever will be another use of MARID, collision should be 
avoided (which could be resolved by omitting the prefix for 
e-mail and using a prefix for any other service, but this is not
a good design).


On the other hand, in about 10 years of handling DNS I can remember 
only a single case where someone actually used wildcards. DNS server
also need to support the underscore for the SRV RR type. 


So I'd prefer a prefix. 


regards
Hadmut





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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
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On Sep 3, 2004, at 2:33 PM, Andrew Newton wrote:
> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
> state during phase-in.

My preference is for position 2.

I am also strongly against other options with explicit phase-in periods 
and sunset-dates.  As has been eloquently argued by Doug Crocker, such 
language in RFCs has a bad track record of working out, and so is best 
dispensed with.

Options which drop the new SPF2 RR type altogether are not likely to 
sit well with the rest of the IETF community, specifically the DNS-EXT 
folks.  The will reasonably argue that DNS has a well designed 
extension mechanism in the allocation of RR types, and it should be 
used, rather than overloading the TXT type.

Options which drop the TXT RR type are not practical as there are some 
significant barriers to using a new RR type in some software 
environments.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 12:55:01 -0700
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My position on the prefix issue is that, since the right way to do 
things is to publish SPF2 RR records at the domain itself, we should 
put the TXT records there as well.

While it might make for less clutter to put the TXT records at some 
sub-domain such as _spf, it would be inconsistent with where the SPF2 
RR goes.  Further, using sub-domains appears to be a significant 
barrier to publishing for domains that use existing domain hosting 
services.  Lastly, from previous technical discussion, it is clear that 
use of a sub-domain doesn't improve the wild-card situation at all, nor 
allow any information to be removed from the version string.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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>>>>> "Mark" == Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> writes:

    Mark> Since I have seen only only dissent from the idea, assuming
    Mark> the chairs agree that there is general consensus on this,
    Mark> I'll make this change.

I'm assume there must be a typo in the above :-)

    -roy



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On Sat, 4 Sep 2004 18:55:22 +0100, Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> wrote:
> 
> I therefore suggest that the term Primary Responsible Address would be
> more appropriate.

I think the term Primary would be unfortunate, because in a lot of
settings, the PRA doesn't really equate to people's intuitive notion
of primary address.  Right now it just happens to be the only one you
can verify with sender ID.

It the long run, I hope future standards bring us a way to verify not
just the preceding hop, but multiple hops going back to the original
sender.

For example, say user@mit.edu sends mail to me at xxx@acm.org, and
this forwards to me@nyu.edu.  The mail will probably arrive at NYU
with a PRA of "forwarding-service@acm.org" or similar.  However, in
some sense, the primary responsible address for this email is really
user@mit.edu.

While Sender ID alone won't let me verify user@mit.edu, in the future
I hope there will be some automatic way of saying, "I trust the ACM as
a forwarder, tell me who is really primarily responsible for the
mail."

Can we choose a name name that implies going back one hop, but not
necessarily to the "primary" address.  How about "Preceding
Responsible Address" or better "Previous Responsible Address."

David



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>>>>> "mazieres" ==   <mazieres@gmail.com> writes:

    mazieres> I think the term Primary would be unfortunate, because
    mazieres> in a lot of settings, the PRA doesn't really equate to
    mazieres> people's intuitive notion of primary address.

Agreed; it was just the best I could come up with that kept the
acronym PRA (not that that's essential)

    mazieres> How about "Preceding Responsible Address" or better
    mazieres> "Previous Responsible Address."

I like both of those.

Ultimately it's just a name, and I don't _really_ care what it is.  I
can happily live with 'purported responsible address' as long as we
accept that it is simply the name for this identity, and not just a
term we use to refer to an (as yet unnamed) underlying concept when
we're unsure of its accuracy.

       -roy



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On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> From the discussion on prefixes for the DNS record, there seems to have 
> been no discernible outcome regarding the use of prefixes for the 
> purposes of avoiding collisions with other DNS records (thus avoiding 
> fallback to DNS over TCP).
> 
> Naturally, this issue wraps itself into both the versioning/scoping 
> issue and the wildcard issue.  Based on the comments received so far, 
> it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there is no consensus on how to 
> handle wildcards and that most participants seem to agree that 
> wildcards present a problem no matter the solution.  Based on the 
> comments received so far, it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there 
> is consensus on placing the "scope" in the RDATA of the record and no 
> consensus on the scope being in the prefix.
> 
> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?

I'm not very strongly in favor or against using dns prefixes for TXT record
placement (my preference as indicated at the very end of message and it 
depends on other factors), but I'd like to summarize current arguments 
and points for and against using subdomain prefixes and explain how it 
all works so that others that are new to this can decide on their own.

As a reminder, in these posts:
 http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03726.html 
 http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03762.html
I sucessfully argued that because of how wildcards work (or don't work :) 
scoping can not rely on prefixes alone and version and scope must be part
of data portion (this chairs agree with as per their statemenet above).

It can be noted that original thread discussion about using or not using 
prefixes started from problems that may exist when user does want to publish
two types of SPF records (with presumably different version strings), like:
(*1*)  	  example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
  	  example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  

------------------------------
Option1
------------------------------

Since total size of RDATA space in udp dns packet is limited to approximately
480 bytes, each of the records from (*1*) would have to be smaller and be 
half that (up to say max 200 bytes to be safe), it has been said that is 
too small and hence using dns prefixes/subdomains was proposed, like:
(*2*)     _mfrom._rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
          _pra._rmx.example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  

However same wildcard problem I have pointed out applies here, names that 
in case of wildcards, no matter if there are prefixes or not, you would 
have to put wildcard records in the root of the domain and thus have 
this limitation with size of records:
(*3*)     *.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
          *.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  

But as has been pointed out to me by David Blacka, that prefixes dont work 
with specific case of wildcards, doesnt mean its bad for everyone else
and use of wildcards is in general pretty rare, so we should not discard
usefullness of scenario (*2*) just because of wildcards. 

I agreed with that in this message:
  http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03963.html
But have pointed out that there is another problem that we may have and 
that has to do with number of dns requests. In case like (*1*) when all
SPF records are located in the root of zone, in order to see all the
mail policies for different identities/scopes. a verification client 
program would only need to make one dns request for TXT record under that 
domain. But if we go with different prefixes for each scope as with (*2*), 
then client program would have to normally make two dns requests for each 
of those identities (i.e. for _pra._rmx and for _mfrom._rmx).

It can be noted that if identities have the same SPF record (and Mark 
Lentczner has pointed out that for most situations SenderID/PRA and 
SPF-Classic/Mail-From records are likely to be the same) then we maybe
able to deal with this by having records like:
(*4*)     _mfrom._rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24
          _pra._rmx.example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24  

In that case a program looking pra or mailfrom identity scoping record 
(which it does first does not matter if records are the same) would
get the record indicating that the other identity is equivalent and would
presumably not have to do an extra dns lookup.  However this does lead to 
situation of having to enter and maintain two different but completely 
equivalent (as far as RDATA) TXT records. 

I'll note that to support programs checking SPFv1 records, additional record
may have to be added (also equivalent), so we would have:
(*5*)     _mfrom._rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24
          _pra._rmx.example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24  
	  example.com.		   IN TXT   "v=spf1 ip4:10.0.0.0/24 ~all"

------------------------------
Option2
------------------------------

Another option maybe to place SPF TXT records in the same prefix no matter
what identity/scope this is, which allows to avoid collision with other 
TXT records that may exist for the domain/host:
(*6*)     _rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/mfrom ..."
          _rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  

In that case it is not necessary to make an extra dns lookups for multiple
identity records, nor is it necessary to have two separate records when
they are the same, as the following will work just fine:
          _rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ..."

However, this does mean that in case the two records are seriously different
size limitations would apply (since records share the same prefix) and records
would have to be limited to half of what they could have been. Solution
to this involves doing redirection, which would lead to 2nd dns lookup:
(*7*)  _rmx.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/pra redirect=_pra._rmx.example.com
       _rmx.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/mfrom redirect=_mfrom._rmx.example.com
       _pra._rmx.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/pra ...."
       _pra._mfrom.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/pra ...."

Additionally I'll note that there exist another possible plus side that
applies to how wildcards are entered. Because of how wildcards work normally
you need to have two separate records when using wildcards - one for domain
itself and one wildcard for all subdomains:
(*8*)     example.com.   IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
          example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
          *.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
          *.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
In above the first two records apply to example.com itself while the 2nd
two apply to any subdomain under it (i.e. xxxx.example.com or even futher
down the tree like a.b.c.example.com) and normally these two would be the 
same, but entering wildcard seems to lead to duplicate entries.

But when using prefixes (and this applies to option 1 as well), we only need 
to have one record:
(*9*)     *.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
          *.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  

And this record would equially apply to both _rmx.example.com and to 
_rmx.xxx.example.com or to _rmx.a.b.c.example.com, etc.

------------------------------
Summary
------------------------------

So we have several options:
  Option1 is using prefixes with different one for each scope/identity
  Option2 is using prefixes but with same prefix no matter what spf scope
  Option3 is not using prefixes at all (SPF2 TXT record in zone root)
  Option4 is not using prefixes, nor even using new SPF2 version (in that 
  case scoping is achieved by using scope modifier with v=SPF1 record)

For Option1 the PROs are:
 1. Avoids collision with other TXT records for domain
 2. Avoids collision with different TXT records (except for wildcards)
    and thus avoids record size limit for different spf scope records
 3. Allows to specify wildcard entry for subdomain & domain using one record
The CONs are:
 1. Requires multiple dns lookups if SPF records for different scopes
    are different (no matter what size these records are)
 2. Requires multiple dns records if SPF records for different scopes
    are the same (no matter what size these records are)
 3. Requires separate SPFv1 records and dns lookup to support existing
    SPVv1 resolvers and libraries

For Option2 the PROs are:
 1. Avoids collision with other TXT records for domain
 2. Allows to specify wildcard entry for subdomain & domain using one record
 3. Allows to specify multiple scopes together in one record when they are same
 4. Does not require separate dns lookups for different scope records no
    matter if they are different or the same
The CONs are:
 1. Requires multuple dns lookups to avoid size limitations if multiple
    scope SPF records are different and are large
 2. Requires separate SPFv1 records and dns lookup to support existing
    SPVv1 resolvers and libraries

For Option3 the PROs are:
 1. Allows to specify multiple scopes together in one record when they are same
 2. Does not require separate dns lookups for different scope records no
    matter if they are different or the same
 3. Does not require separate dns lookups for SPFv1 records
    (but normally you would not need to do it anyway)
The CONs are:
 1. Collision problems with other (non-SPF) TXT records for the domain
 2. Requires multuple dns lookups to avoid size limitations if multiple
    scope SPF records are different and are large
 3. Requires multiple records to specify wildcard for domain & subdomains
 3. Requires separate SPFv1 records and dns lookup to support existing
    SPFv1 libraries and resolvers

For Option4 the PROs are:
 1. Allows to specify multiple scopes together in one record when they are same
 2. Does not require separate dns lookups for different scope records no
    matter if they are different or the same
 3. Does not require separate dns lookups for SPFv1 records and fully
    supports existing SPVv1 libraries and resolvers with one record
The CONs are:
 1. Collision problems with other (non-SPF) TXT records for the domain
 2. Requires multuple dns lookups to avoid size limitations if multiple
    scope SPF records are different and are large (*)
 3. Requires multiple records to specify wildcard for domain & subdomains

(*) I note that when using scoping modifier, different scope records can
    have shared data parts all in one SPF record and this allows for smaller
    size of records and avoids size limitations and necessity to do 2nd
    dns lookup in majority of situations. For more info see:
      http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03677.html
      http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03716.html
      http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03731.html

------------------------------

In my opinion a lot depends on if we consider supporting existing installed
SPF v1 base important or not and consider that people using existing libraries
and publishing spfv1 records can upgrade quickly to new spf2 records or not.

If we do want to support SPFv1 base as much as possible and think that new 
scope for mailfrom will be deployed along with SPF1 records (and hence 
programs like spamassasin would do lookups for both for considerable time), 
then option4 is the best one and completely avoids these issues.

On the other hand if we think that transition to SPF2 records would be quick
and nobody would do SPF1 lookups in say one year time, then to me option2
(common prefix for all spf records) looks like the best one because compared
to option3 (no prefixes) it has the following advantages:
 1. Avoids collision with other TXT record for domain
 2. Allows to specify wildcard entry for subdomain & domain using one record
As far as everything else it is pretty much same as option3, with exception
that possibly some bad dns gui programs do not allow to enter "_" records
(but all dns servers support this just fine).

And in my opinion option1 (separate prefixes for different scopes) is the 
worst one because it leads to either multiple dns records or multiple
dns lookups and those exist no matter if record is large or small and so
would effect absolutely everybody.

> Incidentally, the co-chairs note that many examples of the prefix have 
> used "-marid".  We would note that "MARID" is the name of this working 
> group and likely not meaningful beyond the context of discussions and 
> process of this working group.  Therefore we recommend a more 
> meaningful label such as "_rmx": the deduction of its meaning is easier 
> and it references the genesis of the MARID idea.

I have no strong preference as far as prefix name, but I would like to 
note that _rmx has meaning if we're talking about MAIL-FROM identity
SPF scope records but in general SPF records might apply to different
identities (for example PTR scope from unified SPF) and might not not be 
related to mail-from or RMX at all. So I think general prefix such 
as _spf might be better. But I have complied with chair's request and 
have used _rmx in all above examples.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 14:46:25 -0700 (PDT)
From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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Also I would like to add that I support having common "mail policy" prefix
for SPF RR type refords as well. As with arguments for option2, this helps
with wildcards (no extra duplicate entries) and it allows to in the future
extend use of SPF to be general policy language for other protocols but
would avoid collision with existing mail policy base (except in case of 
wildcards, but there redirection can be used if records get too large
all together). So in this case, we need to use protocol specific name
as part of prefix, something like:
   
   _smtp.example.com. IN  TXT  "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ..."
   _smtp.example.com.  IN  SPF  "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ..."

Or possibly:

   _smtp._spf.example.com. IN  TXT  "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ..."
   _smtp.example.com.  IN  SPF  "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ..."

On Sat, 4 Sep 2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> On Fri, 3 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> > From the discussion on prefixes for the DNS record, there seems to have 
> > been no discernible outcome regarding the use of prefixes for the 
> > purposes of avoiding collisions with other DNS records (thus avoiding 
> > fallback to DNS over TCP).
> > 
> > Naturally, this issue wraps itself into both the versioning/scoping 
> > issue and the wildcard issue.  Based on the comments received so far, 
> > it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there is no consensus on how to 
> > handle wildcards and that most participants seem to agree that 
> > wildcards present a problem no matter the solution.  Based on the 
> > comments received so far, it is the opinion of the co-chairs that there 
> > is consensus on placing the "scope" in the RDATA of the record and no 
> > consensus on the scope being in the prefix.
> > 
> > Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> > used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> > the requirement of DNS over TCP?
> 
> I'm not very strongly in favor or against using dns prefixes for TXT record
> placement (my preference as indicated at the very end of message and it 
> depends on other factors), but I'd like to summarize current arguments 
> and points for and against using subdomain prefixes and explain how it 
> all works so that others that are new to this can decide on their own.
> 
> As a reminder, in these posts:
>  http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03726.html 
>  http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03762.html
> I sucessfully argued that because of how wildcards work (or don't work :) 
> scoping can not rely on prefixes alone and version and scope must be part
> of data portion (this chairs agree with as per their statemenet above).
> 
> It can be noted that original thread discussion about using or not using 
> prefixes started from problems that may exist when user does want to publish
> two types of SPF records (with presumably different version strings), like:
> (*1*)  	  example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
>   	  example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
> 
> ------------------------------
> Option1
> ------------------------------
> 
> Since total size of RDATA space in udp dns packet is limited to approximately
> 480 bytes, each of the records from (*1*) would have to be smaller and be 
> half that (up to say max 200 bytes to be safe), it has been said that is 
> too small and hence using dns prefixes/subdomains was proposed, like:
> (*2*)     _mfrom._rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
>           _pra._rmx.example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
> 
> However same wildcard problem I have pointed out applies here, names that 
> in case of wildcards, no matter if there are prefixes or not, you would 
> have to put wildcard records in the root of the domain and thus have 
> this limitation with size of records:
> (*3*)     *.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
>           *.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
> 
> But as has been pointed out to me by David Blacka, that prefixes dont work 
> with specific case of wildcards, doesnt mean its bad for everyone else
> and use of wildcards is in general pretty rare, so we should not discard
> usefullness of scenario (*2*) just because of wildcards. 
> 
> I agreed with that in this message:
>   http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03963.html
> But have pointed out that there is another problem that we may have and 
> that has to do with number of dns requests. In case like (*1*) when all
> SPF records are located in the root of zone, in order to see all the
> mail policies for different identities/scopes. a verification client 
> program would only need to make one dns request for TXT record under that 
> domain. But if we go with different prefixes for each scope as with (*2*), 
> then client program would have to normally make two dns requests for each 
> of those identities (i.e. for _pra._rmx and for _mfrom._rmx).
> 
> It can be noted that if identities have the same SPF record (and Mark 
> Lentczner has pointed out that for most situations SenderID/PRA and 
> SPF-Classic/Mail-From records are likely to be the same) then we maybe
> able to deal with this by having records like:
> (*4*)     _mfrom._rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24
>           _pra._rmx.example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24  
> 
> In that case a program looking pra or mailfrom identity scoping record 
> (which it does first does not matter if records are the same) would
> get the record indicating that the other identity is equivalent and would
> presumably not have to do an extra dns lookup.  However this does lead to 
> situation of having to enter and maintain two different but completely 
> equivalent (as far as RDATA) TXT records. 
> 
> I'll note that to support programs checking SPFv1 records, additional record
> may have to be added (also equivalent), so we would have:
> (*5*)     _mfrom._rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24
>           _pra._rmx.example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ip4:10.0.0.0/24  
> 	  example.com.		   IN TXT   "v=spf1 ip4:10.0.0.0/24 ~all"
> 
> ------------------------------
> Option2
> ------------------------------
> 
> Another option maybe to place SPF TXT records in the same prefix no matter
> what identity/scope this is, which allows to avoid collision with other 
> TXT records that may exist for the domain/host:
> (*6*)     _rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/mfrom ..."
>           _rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
> 
> In that case it is not necessary to make an extra dns lookups for multiple
> identity records, nor is it necessary to have two separate records when
> they are the same, as the following will work just fine:
>           _rmx.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra,mfrom ..."
> 
> However, this does mean that in case the two records are seriously different
> size limitations would apply (since records share the same prefix) and records
> would have to be limited to half of what they could have been. Solution
> to this involves doing redirection, which would lead to 2nd dns lookup:
> (*7*)  _rmx.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/pra redirect=_pra._rmx.example.com
>        _rmx.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/mfrom redirect=_mfrom._rmx.example.com
>        _pra._rmx.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/pra ...."
>        _pra._mfrom.example.com. IN TXT "spf2.0/pra ...."
> 
> Additionally I'll note that there exist another possible plus side that
> applies to how wildcards are entered. Because of how wildcards work normally
> you need to have two separate records when using wildcards - one for domain
> itself and one wildcard for all subdomains:
> (*8*)     example.com.   IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
>           example.com.   IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
>           *.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
>           *.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
> In above the first two records apply to example.com itself while the 2nd
> two apply to any subdomain under it (i.e. xxxx.example.com or even futher
> down the tree like a.b.c.example.com) and normally these two would be the 
> same, but entering wildcard seems to lead to duplicate entries.
> 
> But when using prefixes (and this applies to option 1 as well), we only need 
> to have one record:
> (*9*)     *.example.com. IN TXT   "v=spf1 ..."
>           *.example.com. IN TXT   "spf2.0/pra ..."  
> 
> And this record would equially apply to both _rmx.example.com and to 
> _rmx.xxx.example.com or to _rmx.a.b.c.example.com, etc.
> 
> ------------------------------
> Summary
> ------------------------------
> 
> So we have several options:
>   Option1 is using prefixes with different one for each scope/identity
>   Option2 is using prefixes but with same prefix no matter what spf scope
>   Option3 is not using prefixes at all (SPF2 TXT record in zone root)
>   Option4 is not using prefixes, nor even using new SPF2 version (in that 
>   case scoping is achieved by using scope modifier with v=SPF1 record)
> 
> For Option1 the PROs are:
>  1. Avoids collision with other TXT records for domain
>  2. Avoids collision with different TXT records (except for wildcards)
>     and thus avoids record size limit for different spf scope records
>  3. Allows to specify wildcard entry for subdomain & domain using one record
> The CONs are:
>  1. Requires multiple dns lookups if SPF records for different scopes
>     are different (no matter what size these records are)
>  2. Requires multiple dns records if SPF records for different scopes
>     are the same (no matter what size these records are)
>  3. Requires separate SPFv1 records and dns lookup to support existing
>     SPVv1 resolvers and libraries
> 
> For Option2 the PROs are:
>  1. Avoids collision with other TXT records for domain
>  2. Allows to specify wildcard entry for subdomain & domain using one record
>  3. Allows to specify multiple scopes together in one record when they are same
>  4. Does not require separate dns lookups for different scope records no
>     matter if they are different or the same
> The CONs are:
>  1. Requires multuple dns lookups to avoid size limitations if multiple
>     scope SPF records are different and are large
>  2. Requires separate SPFv1 records and dns lookup to support existing
>     SPVv1 resolvers and libraries
> 
> For Option3 the PROs are:
>  1. Allows to specify multiple scopes together in one record when they are same
>  2. Does not require separate dns lookups for different scope records no
>     matter if they are different or the same
>  3. Does not require separate dns lookups for SPFv1 records
>     (but normally you would not need to do it anyway)
> The CONs are:
>  1. Collision problems with other (non-SPF) TXT records for the domain
>  2. Requires multuple dns lookups to avoid size limitations if multiple
>     scope SPF records are different and are large
>  3. Requires multiple records to specify wildcard for domain & subdomains
>  3. Requires separate SPFv1 records and dns lookup to support existing
>     SPFv1 libraries and resolvers
> 
> For Option4 the PROs are:
>  1. Allows to specify multiple scopes together in one record when they are same
>  2. Does not require separate dns lookups for different scope records no
>     matter if they are different or the same
>  3. Does not require separate dns lookups for SPFv1 records and fully
>     supports existing SPVv1 libraries and resolvers with one record
> The CONs are:
>  1. Collision problems with other (non-SPF) TXT records for the domain
>  2. Requires multuple dns lookups to avoid size limitations if multiple
>     scope SPF records are different and are large (*)
>  3. Requires multiple records to specify wildcard for domain & subdomains
> 
> (*) I note that when using scoping modifier, different scope records can
>     have shared data parts all in one SPF record and this allows for smaller
>     size of records and avoids size limitations and necessity to do 2nd
>     dns lookup in majority of situations. For more info see:
>       http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03677.html
>       http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03716.html
>       http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03731.html
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> In my opinion a lot depends on if we consider supporting existing installed
> SPF v1 base important or not and consider that people using existing libraries
> and publishing spfv1 records can upgrade quickly to new spf2 records or not.
> 
> If we do want to support SPFv1 base as much as possible and think that new 
> scope for mailfrom will be deployed along with SPF1 records (and hence 
> programs like spamassasin would do lookups for both for considerable time), 
> then option4 is the best one and completely avoids these issues.
> 
> On the other hand if we think that transition to SPF2 records would be quick
> and nobody would do SPF1 lookups in say one year time, then to me option2
> (common prefix for all spf records) looks like the best one because compared
> to option3 (no prefixes) it has the following advantages:
>  1. Avoids collision with other TXT record for domain
>  2. Allows to specify wildcard entry for subdomain & domain using one record
> As far as everything else it is pretty much same as option3, with exception
> that possibly some bad dns gui programs do not allow to enter "_" records
> (but all dns servers support this just fine).
> 
> And in my opinion option1 (separate prefixes for different scopes) is the 
> worst one because it leads to either multiple dns records or multiple
> dns lookups and those exist no matter if record is large or small and so
> would effect absolutely everybody.
> 
> > Incidentally, the co-chairs note that many examples of the prefix have 
> > used "-marid".  We would note that "MARID" is the name of this working 
> > group and likely not meaningful beyond the context of discussions and 
> > process of this working group.  Therefore we recommend a more 
> > meaningful label such as "_rmx": the deduction of its meaning is easier 
> > and it references the genesis of the MARID idea.
> 
> I have no strong preference as far as prefix name, but I would like to 
> note that _rmx has meaning if we're talking about MAIL-FROM identity
> SPF scope records but in general SPF records might apply to different
> identities (for example PTR scope from unified SPF) and might not not be 
> related to mail-from or RMX at all. So I think general prefix such 
> as _spf might be better. But I have complied with chair's request and 
> have used _rmx in all above examples.
> 
> ---
> William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
>  mailto: william@elan.net
> Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
>  http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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John R Levine wrote:
>>>If specific nodes do get
>>>overloaded, SPF and Sender-ID both let you use a short record pointing
>>>to a longer record somewhere else as a band-aid.
>>
>>That's a fine workaround, but even *those* records will get caught by
>>wildcards.  Wildcards won't work.
> 
> 
> I don't see how repeating this claim makes it any more persuasive.  All
> the records I know about can use the short pointer band-aid, and it looks
> easy enough to have five or six band-aid records and still fit in a UDP
> packet.  What am I missing?  I realize that a hundred TXT records won't
> fit, but I don't see more than about four TXT record applications showing
> up any time soon.
> 

If Sender-ID sucessfully uses a combination of TXT records and new RR 
type, then other new protocols may follow the same advice. That can 
quickly add up.

Yakov



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Mark Lentczner wrote:

> 
> 
> On Sep 3, 2004, at 2:33 PM, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
>> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
>> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
>> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
>> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
>> state during phase-in.
> 
> 
> My preference is for position 2.
> 
> I am also strongly against other options with explicit phase-in periods 
> and sunset-dates.  As has been eloquently argued by Doug Crocker, such 
> language in RFCs has a bad track record of working out, and so is best 
> dispensed with.
> 
> Options which drop the new SPF2 RR type altogether are not likely to sit 
> well with the rest of the IETF community, specifically the DNS-EXT 
> folks.  The will reasonably argue that DNS has a well designed extension 
> mechanism in the allocation of RR types, and it should be used, rather 
> than overloading the TXT type.
> 
> Options which drop the TXT RR type are not practical as there are some 
> significant barriers to using a new RR type in some software environments.
> 

Even within option two, we can specify that the RR type be looked at 
first, and the TXT second, if the RR is not found. This would clearly 
show that the RR type is prefered over TXT, but TXT is tolerated.

Yakov



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Hadmut Danisch wrote:

> On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 05:32:22PM -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
>>Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
>>used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
>>the requirement of DNS over TCP?
> 
> 
> There are still good reasons to have a prefix. 
> 
> A method like MARID (whatever it will be) is not limited to 
> e-mail only. It can be used for other services (e.g. chat) as 
> well to verify identity descriptors derived from domain names.
> 
> If there ever will be another use of MARID, collision should be 
> avoided (which could be resolved by omitting the prefix for 
> e-mail and using a prefix for any other service, but this is not
> a good design).
> 

I would add to that that others in the IETF may use MARID as a 
precendent to argue for the use of TXT record. This may quickly increase 
the possible number of them. Therefore, I am for the prefix as well.

Yakov



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Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> On Sep 3, 2004, at 6:19 PM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
>> I am not sure how #1 differs from #2? Are you suggesting that if we 
>> adopt position #1, someone not having SPF RR records would be ignored?
> 
> 
> My interpretation of the thread is "might be ignored".
> 
> -andy
> 

Then I support #2 simply because I don't see how position #1 will be 
practical.

Yakov



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> This has been proposed several times on this list before.  Since I 
> have seen only only dissent from the idea, assuming the chairs agree 
> that there is general consensus on this, I'll make this change.

Ach!  Since I have seen only ** one ** dissent...

	- Mark




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To: "Andrew Newton" <andy@hxr.us>
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Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
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Andrew Newton wrote:
> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?

No.

Michael R. Brumm



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Andrew Newton wrote:
> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
> state during phase-in.

I vote for #2.

Michael R. Brumm



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Date: Sun, 5 Sep 2004 15:24:48 +0800
From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
Reply-To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
Organization: Brandenburg InternetWorking
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
Message-ID: <1382105314.20040905152448@brandenburg.com>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
CC: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
In-Reply-To: <F10C6AA6-FDF0-11D8-B6CF-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us>
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Andrew,

AN> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
AN> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
AN> state during phase-in.


 The concept of "phase-in" for Internet services -- especially ones
 that modify mission-critical, established services -- is measure in
 5-10 year increments.

 For the purposes of IETF standards specification and -- even more
 importantly -- for operations planning, this is the same as saying
 "forever".

 So, the accurate semantics of the choices are:

 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times
 2) Specify clearly full compliant state, but tolerate non-compliance
 forever

 The second choice does, of course, lead the a small question: why
 bother with the concept of compliance?


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
Date: Sun, 5 Sep 2004 09:20:05 +0200
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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On Sat, Sep 04, 2004 at 09:48:18PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
> I would add to that that others in the IETF may use MARID as a 
> precendent to argue for the use of TXT record. This may quickly increase 
> the possible number of them. Therefore, I am for the prefix as well.


Correct. The reason to use a prefix is basically the same as to use
the _service._tcp prefix for SRV records (which are used for good
reasons).


regards
Hadmut



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I have about 20 domains, most with multiple, active e-mail facilities, and
with many more on many sub-domains.

I will not be using Sender-ID because :-

1.    There is no means by which Sender-ID identifies the originating
server, IP or domain for e-mails in a multi-hop transmission, thereby
allowing me to be confident that the mail is from who it claims to be from,
and allowing me to check it against white/black lists, reputations, etc.

2.    There is insufficient proof that the technology will be free of legal
encumberances for me to implement, modify and pass on to other implementors.
In fact there are three legal opinions that I have seen on this list stating
the opposite.


I am an active member a co-operative group owning 5 server boxes at
different locations, we have something in the region of 1,000 domains
between us.

I will be recommending that Sender-ID is NOT implemented by the members of
the co-operative.  I will be recommending alternative solutions to add to
our existing anti-spam efforts.


Kind regards,

John Pinkerton.
johnp@idimo.com
ICQ 313355492




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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> I would add to that that others in the IETF may use MARID as a
> precendent to argue for the use of TXT record. This may quickly increase
> the possible number of them. Therefore, I am for the prefix as well.

This is a good point, however:

- MARID has an immediate (emergency-like) need for widespread deployment
like few other standards, and thus the precedent is limited. Most (if not
all) other standards can depend on RFC 3597 (unknown RR types) and/or
underscored prefixes.

- The IETF is capable of determining whether standards now and in the future
have this special need or not.

- Requiring an underscored prefix to prevent this (likely non-existent)
future problem prevents and slows adoption of MARID by those whose DNS
providers do not allow underscores.

It would seem strange if MARID provided TXT publishing to improve
deployment, but then placed it in an underscored prefix which impedes
deployment.

Michael R. Brumm



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep  5 06:42:34 2004
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Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
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On Sun, 5 Sep 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:

> This is a good point, however:
>
> - MARID has an immediate (emergency-like) need for widespread deployment
> like few other standards, and thus the precedent is limited. Most (if not
> all) other standards can depend on RFC 3597 (unknown RR types) and/or
> underscored prefixes.

The "immediate need" or emergency is in the eye of the beholder. What may 
seem urgent for us may not seem so urgent for somebody else and similarly
what may seem like not so important matter to us maybe very important
and seemingly an emergency for somebody else.

The precident will be there, that one is certainly right, so don't be 
surprised if somebody else wants to use it for their "emergency".
As such we better show good understanding of such emergency situation
and good example for that to follow in our technical solution.

> - Requiring an underscored prefix to prevent this (likely non-existent)
> future problem prevents and slows adoption of MARID by those whose DNS
> providers do not allow underscores. It would seem strange if MARID 
> provided TXT publishing to improve deployment, but then placed it in an 
> underscored prefix which impedes deployment.

I have a question for Michael here: 
  Is "_" as part of the prefix name the only problem you see (or the 
primarily one) as far as what you see wrong about introduced idea of
using prefixes for placement of SPF TXT records?

Similarly if others here who have so far spoken against using prefix also
see underscore as the main problem, please also speak up as I believe it 
is important issue for chairs to recongnize as far as arguments against it 
and how strong technically these arguments are.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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Subject: DEPLOY new RR type deployment
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On the subject of a new RR type:

What are microsoft's plans on this account? As I understand it,
microsoft products are the biggest obstacle for using a new RR type for
spf records. Are there any plans from microsoft to fix their products to
support new RR types? Will there be free updates for those products to
support new RR types, or will these cost money?

I think it's important that if a new RR type is put forward, that this
gets resolved soon, as this might prove to be another barrier microsoft=20
puts up to widespread adoption.

Koen Martens

--=20
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
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To: "'william(at)elan.net'" <william@elan.net>,
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I voted against a prefix.

I did this not just because of the "_" character support issue, but also because:
-implementing a prefix adds complexity (comprehension complexity if nothing else)
-many dns providers do not support users adding subdomains (or not through the UI anyway)
-prefix does not solve the wildcard issue
-one can use redirect in a small record to a subdomain (simulating prefix) if one really wants
prefix

Anything that hinders deployment needs to be considered for benefit and lack of alternatives.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of
> william(at)elan.net
> Sent: Sunday, September 05, 2004 6:31 AM
> To: Michael R. Brumm
> Cc: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
>
>
>
> On Sun, 5 Sep 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:
>
> > This is a good point, however:
> >
> > - MARID has an immediate (emergency-like) need for
> widespread deployment
> > like few other standards, and thus the precedent is
> limited. Most (if not
> > all) other standards can depend on RFC 3597 (unknown RR
> types) and/or
> > underscored prefixes.
>
> The "immediate need" or emergency is in the eye of the
> beholder. What may
> seem urgent for us may not seem so urgent for somebody else
> and similarly
> what may seem like not so important matter to us maybe very important
> and seemingly an emergency for somebody else.
>
> The precident will be there, that one is certainly right, so don't be
> surprised if somebody else wants to use it for their "emergency".
> As such we better show good understanding of such emergency situation
> and good example for that to follow in our technical solution.
>
> > - Requiring an underscored prefix to prevent this (likely
> non-existent)
> > future problem prevents and slows adoption of MARID by
> those whose DNS
> > providers do not allow underscores. It would seem strange if MARID
> > provided TXT publishing to improve deployment, but then
> placed it in an
> > underscored prefix which impedes deployment.
>
> I have a question for Michael here:
>   Is "_" as part of the prefix name the only problem you see (or the
> primarily one) as far as what you see wrong about introduced idea of
> using prefixes for placement of SPF TXT records?
>
> Similarly if others here who have so far spoken against using
> prefix also
> see underscore as the main problem, please also speak up as I
> believe it
> is important issue for chairs to recongnize as far as
> arguments against it
> and how strong technically these arguments are.
>
> --
> William Leibzon
> Elan Networks
> william@elan.net
>



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My interest in this working group comes both from a personal and 
business perspective. Besides my work in several non-profit projects, I 
am involved with my employer's mail infrastructure. My employer is in 
the financial services business, has around 9'000 users in Europe and 
the US (plus a number of offices around the world); for those users, we 
process roughly 5 Mio incoming mails per month.

The company has no retail business; the mail traffic is mostly with 
other companies from the financial services business. However, users are 
allowed to use mail for a limited amount of personal communication.

 From my experience, users are loosing trust in Internet mail, which 
also affects internal mail (since it can be hard for users to 
distinguish what is really an internal mail and what not). With all the 
junk and noise users receive, I would be very glad to be able to 
authenticate (the source, the sender, ... of) incoming mails. Further, 
we would like to be able to use white/blacklists on the domain level, 
which would be made somewhat easier and more effective by a "domain 
authentication" of whatever sort.

 From the sender side, both SPF and SenderId have roughly the same 
operational complexity (nearly zero, as we have only a very limited set 
of outsourced sending), so there is no reason to prefer one or the other 
(we could publish both, actually).

On the receiving side, however, SenderId introduces a certain 
complexity, whereas SPF seems easier to maintain. Due to it's 
simplicity, SPF is easier to explain /within my organization/, which 
makes it more likely to be adopted.

Given the unclear situation about IP claims surrounding SenderId, 
internal corporate legal would need to be consulted, making it less 
likely that SenderId could be deployed in a timely fashion.

It is well understood that both SenderId and SPF are more medium- than 
long-term solutions with limited scope and usefulness. From a 
cost/benefit perspective, spending too much at this point in time seems 
not justified.

For a long-term solution (eg based on some form of crypto/signing), we 
would re-evaluate the situation and be prepared to invest what will be 
required by then.


-- Matthias

-- 
Brain-Log                               http://matthias.leisi.net/



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To: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
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On Sun, 5 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

> I voted against a prefix.
> 
> I did this not just because of the "_" character support issue, but 
> also because:
> -implementing a prefix adds complexity (comprehension complexity if 
> nothing else)
You know, if a person went through SPF protocol draft and understood
the syntax and how these records work, I would imagine same person could
take 2 more seconds to understand about prefix placement of the record...

> -many dns providers do not support users adding subdomains
> (or not through the UI anyway)
These are not truly subdomains, prefix is more like a host record for specific
domain. And actually if you place records at the root of the domain, its
more GUI that will not let you do it (or make it difficult to do it) as
many programs will not let you add records with empty host record.

> -prefix does not solve the wildcard issue
Actually prefix helps wildcard issues and solves at least one of them.
It allows to avoid necessity to enter separate records for both "example,com"
and for "*.example.com" while with prefix one record for "*.example.com"
would suffice and cover both _prefix.example.com and anything else like
_prefix.subdonain.example.com.

The rest of wildcard issues are the same no matter if prefix is used or
not but. But having solved at least one wildcard issue does mean that use 
of prefix is preferable when considering wildcards.

> -one can use redirect in a small record to a subdomain (simulating 
> prefix) if one really wants prefix
Which dies not completely avoids collision with other records while 
requirying multiple dns lookups. 

> Anything that hinders deployment needs to be considered for benefit and 
> lack of alternatives.

Ok, then I have the following objection:

We should stop working on MARID and SPF completely because they use dns 
TXT records and entering TXT records is not supported by large number of 
GUI dns configuation tools and not supported by majority of registrars 
that offer dns service hosting directly to end-users.


P.S. If you do a comparision, you may find that there are more GUI dns
systems that don't support TXT then there are those that don't support
"_" in the host name. At the same time you may actually find that majority
of DNS GUI systems that have one of these problems have the other one too.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Sun, 5 Sep 2004 09:46:44 -0400
To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
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On Sep 5, 2004, at 8:13 AM, terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

>
> I voted against a prefix.
>
> I did this not just because of the "_" character support issue, but 
> also because:
> -implementing a prefix adds complexity (comprehension complexity if 
> nothing else)
> -many dns providers do not support users adding subdomains (or not 
> through the UI anyway)

I don't yet understand this.  Are you saying that there are DNS 
providers who allow you to host your "example.com" domain, but then 
only allow you to add DNS records named "example.com"?  They wouldn't 
allow you to add a record for, say, "www.example.com"?  Are there DNS 
providers who do not allow this but would allow the addition of a TXT 
record?

> -prefix does not solve the wildcard issue

What, precisely, is "the wildcard issue"?

--
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Sr. Engineer    Verisign Applied Research



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terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

> -not all dns servers support "_"

Just for clarification: Which DNS servers do /not/ support underscores?

I know from testing that BIND 9 is happy with them; since Microsoft uses 
them for some AD stuff, I guess that at least newer implementations of 
their DNS services will not choke on them.

Local DNS libraries seem to be able to handle it - at least I haven't 
heard of resolver-library incompatibility with products that use Apple's 
Rendezvous, which is based on kind-of-SRV records and also use SRV's 
_<service>._<proto> scheme.

Of course, further testing would be fine, but technically most relevant 
pieces of DNS software around should not have issues underscores.


> -many dns providers do not allow subdomains (or not easily via an interface, and we need to keep
> publishing easy or it won't get done)(yes I know many ISPs don't support TXT RR either, but that
> *is* changing and it *is* an RFC compliant DNS standard, even if SPF abuses it)

Which DNS providers do (not) allow subdomains and/or TXT records?

Adding something a record for "_spf" should not be any different from 
adding a "www" record to a domain.

(Adding TXT records to the admin GUI of my non-profit ISP took me a 
couple of minutes.)

IMO, there are no technical or admin issues for or against RR prefixes. 
Having said that, there are of course policy reasons to consider - eg if 
we go for a dedicated record type for "MARID", there is no need for a 
prefix (after all, we don't have a prefix for MX records).

Still IMO, a prefix would only make sense if the TXT record workaround 
were a long-term solution. As this quite possibly is not the intention 
of this working group, using a prefix does not offer any benefits other 
than possibly keeping the DNS response size below the magical 418 bytes, 
a restriction which can be easily worked around using redirects by those 
few(?) that would need it.

-- Matthias

-- 
Brain-Log                               http://matthias.leisi.net/



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On Sat, 4 Sep 2004, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:

> 
> > > There is a reason why NNTP has been replaced by the blogosphere.
> >
> > And that reason is spam. Not bad protocol design.

NNTP isn't the only network protocol subject to abuse. IRC is also a 
favorite for abuse.   Of the three, none have been effective at 
controlling abuse through technical means.

Perhaps we should be asking for an example of where abuse _was_
successfully controlled by technical means (I think there are theoretical
grounds that this is impossible, but a counter example would certainly
make that less certain.)

> And the the relative lack of a proficiency barrier to entry.

This is a popular myth. Proficiency is not a problem. The abusers are
quite proficient, and quite determined, and frequently quite resourceful.  
Occasionally they take advantage of people who aren't proficient, but as
often as not they exploit very proficient operations.  Every major vendor
has had vulnerabilities, and I've little doubt that many competently run
servers have been exploited.  We don't find out about the security
exploits until a server is exploited, and the exploit is discovered and
reported.  The myth is that somehow a proficient operator isn't
vulnerable. Belief in this myth ironically is the first obvious sign of a
lack proficiency.


		--Dean



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On Sat, 4 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

> 
> Not "accomplished nothing" but we would have accomplished the need for the next step:  SMTP AUTH
> that incorporates spoofing prevention.

Oh, SMTP AUTH needs to be changed now.  

And you still have SMTP AUTH passwords that can be stolen.

And you still have disposable accounts.

And you still have disposable domains.

Etc, etc, etc.

The user _still_ needs to do just what they did before.

At even greater expense, you have _still_ accomplished nothing.


		--Dean



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On Sat, 4 Sep 2004, Sam Varshavchik wrote:

> Hallam-Baker, Phillip writes:
> 
> > 
> >> That's fine.  You might want to study the evolution of NNTP.  
> >> There, lack of 
> >> the official IETF stamp of approval did not inhibit NNTP from 
> >> evolving.  If 
> >> you try to implement NNTP based only on IETF's standards-track 
> >> documentation, you won't get very far.
> > 
> > Are you saying that NNTP is a good example of protocol design?
> > Or a good example of creating a widely supported feature set?
> 
> NNTP works.  It has survived the onslaught of spam far better than SMTP.  I 
> may be see one or two spam message a week across all the newsgroups I'm 
> subscribed to.  And NNTP's evolution was outside of the IETF process.

We haven't carried Usenet news for years, now.  I'll have to check
somewhere see how spam-free Usenet is.  And maybe its because many of the
groups are now moderated.  Or maybe its because NNTP is particularly
efficient about spam and the cancel-bot** wars have stopped.  All a
spammer needs to do is post one message a week to a group to make sure
that everyone in the group gets it once a week.  Cross-posting the same
message to many groups means that you see it only once for all of those
groups.

Moderated mailing lists have also had less problem that unmoderated lists,
even though it is trivial to forge an on-list from address to post on a
(subscriber-only) moderated list.  I've always found it strange that
abusers are so 'ethical' that they don't forge from addresses to get on
moderated lists. 

		--Dean

[** The cancel-bot wars were when usenet news admins would cancel spam
posts.  The spammers would then repost the message.  This process was
automated on both sides, and the result was thousands of spam messages to
a group. This made many groups unreadable. Spammers were blamed, but the
fault was just as much on the people who were doing the canceling, since
the groups were unmoderated and Usenet never had any kind of
non-commercial nature.]




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Dean Anderson writes:

> 
> On Sat, 4 Sep 2004, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:
> 
>> 
>> > > There is a reason why NNTP has been replaced by the blogosphere.
>> >
>> > And that reason is spam. Not bad protocol design.
> 
> NNTP isn't the only network protocol subject to abuse. IRC is also a 
> favorite for abuse.   Of the three, none have been effective at 
> controlling abuse through technical means.

Really?  I read several Usenet newsgroups.  I see, maybe, one or two spams a 
week on a newsgroup that carries 400-500 messages a day.



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CC: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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Max Kanat-Alexander wrote:

> 	I don't think it's a huge issue -- what are sysadmins currently using
> TXT records in domain.tld for, and how many of them also have wildcards
> enabled? I don't know of an extensive number of uses of those things
> combined.

spfv1, supposedly tens of thousands of them are doing it, and they are 
making no indication that they will replace those records w/ Sender ID.

-Rand



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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
References: <BE099228-FDF0-11D8-B6CF-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us>	<Pine.LNX.4.51.0409031608170.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com> <16697.63911.166056.276878@giles.gnomon.org.uk>
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Roy Badami wrote:

> The current drafts mandate support for EDNS0 so the 480 byte limit
> goes away.
> 
> I really think we shouldn't get to caught up in this 480 byte limit.

The 480 byte limit is a limit of UDP.  The potential to have to fall 
back to a TCP call-back connection is pretty scary to sites that receive 
billions of messages a day.

Again though, I'm fine with the draft the way it is as long as we tell 
people to be wary of the aggregate limit on TXT records and the 
suggested include: workaround.

-Rand



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>>>>> "Rand" == Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com> writes:

    Rand> The 480 byte limit is a limit of UDP.  The potential to have
    Rand> to fall back to a TCP call-back connection is pretty scary
    Rand> to sites that receive billions of messages a day.

It's not a limit of UDP, though it stems from the 512 byte limit that
RFC1035 places on DNS over UDP.

EDNS0 (RFC2535) provides a mechanism for sending larger DNS
transactions over UDP.  RFC3226 (which is also referenced by Sender
ID) says that EDNS0 implementations MUST allow at least 1220 bytes,
and SHOULD allow at least 4000 bytes.

       -roy



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: OT: Forgery on moderated lists
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 05 Sep 2004 12:17:25 EDT."
             <Pine.LNX.4.44.0409051201150.7651-100000@cirrus.av8.net> 
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Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> Moderated mailing lists have also had less problem that unmoderated lists,
> even though it is trivial to forge an on-list from address to post on a
> (subscriber-only) moderated list.  I've always found it strange that
> abusers are so 'ethical' that they don't forge from addresses to get on
> moderated lists. 

  They do.  Not often, but they do.  I can't find the articles now,
but I have seen them in the past few months.

  In addition, I'm regularly receiving spam "from" people I've
exchanged messages with on public lists.  It's clearly forged, but the
spammers obviously believe that such forgery is useful.

  Alan DeKok.



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From: "Scott Kitterman" <scott@kitterman.com>
To: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Sun, 5 Sep 2004 13:16:15 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Matthias Leisi
> Sent: Sunday, September 05, 2004 10:41 AM
> To: 'IETF MARID WG'
> Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
>
> Just for clarification: Which DNS servers do /not/ support underscores?
>
> I know from testing that BIND 9 is happy with them; since Microsoft uses
> them for some AD stuff, I guess that at least newer implementations of
> their DNS services will not choke on them.
>
> Local DNS libraries seem to be able to handle it - at least I haven't
> heard of resolver-library incompatibility with products that use Apple's
> Rendezvous, which is based on kind-of-SRV records and also use SRV's
> _<service>._<proto> scheme.
>
> Of course, further testing would be fine, but technically most relevant
> pieces of DNS software around should not have issues underscores.
>
> Which DNS providers do (not) allow subdomains and/or TXT records?
>
> Adding something a record for "_spf" should not be any different from
> adding a "www" record to a domain.
>
> (Adding TXT records to the admin GUI of my non-profit ISP took me a
> couple of minutes.)

For me, the issue isn't BIND, but the web front end that my DNS provider
uses to enable me to enter data.  For the record, www.pairnic.com currently
does the following:

TXT support: Yes.
CNAME support (in my case www is always a CNAME for the base domain): Yes.
Add sudomains: Yes.
Underscore support: No.
SRV support: No.

Underscore and SRV support are both on their list of things to do, but are
not currently available.  If the IPR issue is satifactorily resolved, then I
would like to publish records for both SPF and Sender-ID.  If an underscored
prefix is required, then I'll be unable to do so.  The marginal benifit to
me for publishing records for both SPF and Sender-ID (instead of just SPF as
I currently do) is not sufficient for me to consider changing DNS providers.

Speaking for myself, as a very small fish in this pond, if the IPR issue is
resolved and there is no underscored prefix requirement, I'll publish
immediately.  Otherwise, maybe someday.

Scott Kitterman



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep  5 13:52:51 2004
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Subject: DOC-BUG: We need another document: Use of EDNS0 in recursive servers
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   Nonetheless, Sender-ID compliant sites MUST use DNS recursive servers
   that support EDNS0 [RFC2671] and [RFC3226] in order to be able to
   receive large DNS RR sets

I'm not sure this is exactly right.  I assume that the intent is not
to _require_ applications to use recursive servers (eg an
implementation might incorporate its own EDNS0-compliant full-service
resolver).

I'm also rather uneasy about the notion of a 'sender-ID compliant
site'.

I think that the notion of a compliant site probably belongs in a BCP;
standards track RFCs define protocols, not standards that sites should
meet.

Unfortunately you need that (or a similar) notion to say what you want
to say; the Sender ID implementation doesn't have to support EDNS0
itself; the systems administrator at the site just has to point it an
an EDNS0-compliant recursive server.

I realize that it's a bit late to be suggesting that we need _another_
draft, but IMHO that's where such a requirement belongs.

FWIW, it could be a very short draft :-)

	-roy



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-protocol 2.1.6 says

   It is STRONGLY ENCOURAGED that published records remain small enough
   that query results will fit within 512 octets

STRONGLY ENCOURAGED is not defined by RFC2119.  I would suggest
RECOMMENDED (which has the same meaning as SHOULD)

Or alternatively, just write 'strongly encouraged' in lower case.

The sense of the two possibly corrections is slightly different; I
have no strong opinion as to which is better.

      -roy




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william(at)elan.net wrote:
> On Sun, 5 Sep 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:
> 
>>- Requiring an underscored prefix to prevent this (likely non-existent)
>>future problem prevents and slows adoption of MARID by those whose DNS
>>providers do not allow underscores. It would seem strange if MARID 
>>provided TXT publishing to improve deployment, but then placed it in an 
>>underscored prefix which impedes deployment.
> 
> 
> I have a question for Michael here: 
>   Is "_" as part of the prefix name the only problem you see (or the 
> primarily one) as far as what you see wrong about introduced idea of
> using prefixes for placement of SPF TXT records?
> 
> Similarly if others here who have so far spoken against using prefix also
> see underscore as the main problem, please also speak up as I believe it 
> is important issue for chairs to recongnize as far as arguments against it 
> and how strong technically these arguments are.
> 

Doesn't SRV use _?



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With the proviso that I believe this belongs in a BCP rather than a
standards track document (as per my previous post, I believe we need a
new draft therefore)

We mandate that 'Sender-ID compliant sites' MUST use EDNS0 to fetch
records.

I believe we should also mandate that anyone publishing records that
won't fit in a 512 byte UDP packet SHOULD use EDNS0-compliant
authoritative name servers (or MUST if you prefer)

	      -roy



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Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> wrote:

> EDNS0 (RFC2535) provides a mechanism for sending larger DNS
> transactions over UDP.  RFC3226 (which is also referenced by Sender
> ID) says that EDNS0 implementations MUST allow at least 1220 bytes,
> and SHOULD allow at least 4000 bytes.

this reference is questionable at best (read: DOC-BUG). RFC 3226 specifies
behaviour of RFC2874-conformant DNS implementations (A6 is kinda dead now)
and for DNSSEC-aware DNS implementations. None of both is relevant to the draft
in question and, more importantly, it is suboptimal to reference a
requirements document for DNS server implementations this way.
If at all, the requirement would have to be specified explicitly for the
'SPF' RR type, e.g.: all DNS servers and resolvers implementing 'SPF' are
required to support EDNS0 and ... size requirements ...
But then, please note that RFC 3226 is rather old and especially it predates
RFC 3597, so usually we do no longer assume that DNS implementations need
to explicitly support a certain RR type. And, you can't just 'require'
conformance for the intermediaries.

However, based on deployment surveys you may *assume* RFC 3597 conformance.
There has been work made available to this list (by Roy Arends, I guess),
showing which SW versions are conformant. An example survey for the distribution
of DNS server(!) versions can be found at
http://www.ripe.net/ripe/meetings/ripe-48/presentations/ripe48-dns-survey.pdf
Also, Jakob Schlyter has done an extensive interoperability test for
RFC 3597 implementations. Details can be found in the minutes of the DNSEXT
meeting of IETF60.

Bottom line: Size does matter. However, EDNS0 is there. Today on a moderate-
size server (~5000 zones, non-representative sample, of course) 2/3 of all
incoming queries (speaking of resolvers, not servers now) used EDNS0.

-Peter



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On Sat, 4 Sep 2004, Roy Badami wrote:
>
> I suggest that an empty field body is defined to be one that is of
> zero lenght, or consists entirely of linear whitespace.

No, it's one that doesn't contain a valid email address.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
FAEROES SOUTHEAST ICELAND: SOUTHWESTERLY 5 TO 7, DECREASING 4 AT TIMES.
SHOWERS. GOOD &NBSP;.



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>>>>> "Tony" == Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> writes:

    Tony> No, it's one that doesn't contain a valid email address.

I really don't see how you can interpret the phrase 'non-empty' as
meaning 'containing a valid e-mail address'.

Malformed header fields are addressed by step 5; if the field body did
not contain a valid email address, this would constitute a malformed
header field, and the algorithm would not return any PRA.

It's important that two implementations of the PRA algorithm never
return two different answers as to the PRA, even in the presence of a
malformed messages.  (It is acceptable that one implementation returns
an answer and another does not).

What you propose is dangerous, because it depends on the
interpretation of a 'valid e-mail address'; specifically, liberal
implementations typically choose to accept addresses that are not
strictly valid according to RRFC2822.

If two implementations have a different opinion as to the validity of
an e-mail address, that could result in them picking different
headers.  (This is precicely the flaw in the originial PRA algorithm
in the Caller ID draft)

The effect of this is that even if the users MUA is Sender ID aware,
and displays the PRA, there's no guarantee it is displaying the same
identity that was validated by the MTA.

	 -roy




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Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:


> The effect of this is that even if the users MUA is Sender ID aware,
> and displays the PRA, there's no guarantee it is displaying the same
> identity that was validated by the MTA.

Which is why it would be better for the MTA to create a header to
inform the MUA of the PRA and for the MUA to display that. If this
were done then it would be necessary to specify that the MTA MUST
remove any such headers already in the mail.



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draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt says in item 5 of section 2:

     5. A previous step has selected a single header from the message.
        If that header is malformed (e.g. it appears to contain multiple
        mailboxes, or the single mailbox is hopelessly malformed, or the

This may falsely imply that multiple mailboxes are disallowed per se, which
they aren't.  However, for both From: and Resent-From: containing multiple
mailboxes the required Sender: (or Resent-Sender:) should have been found
and should have been preferred. Still the (Resent-)From: isn't malformed in
terms of syntax, it's the "Sender:" constraint that isn't met.

Suggested rewording:

	If that header is malformed (e.g. it appears to contain multiple
	mailboxes where inappropriate or lacks the clarifying corresponding
	Sender: header, ...)

-Peter



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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Matthias Leisi" <matthias@astrum.ch>
To: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Sunday, September 05, 2004 4:41 PM
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix

> Which DNS providers do (not) allow subdomains and/or TXT records?

A list of ones that do,   is at

http://www.spf.idimo.com

It's not a complete list, but I will update it with information sent to me.



Kind regards,

John Pinkerton.
johnp@idimo.com
ICQ 313355492




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Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
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Graham Murray wrote:

> Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:
> 
> 
> 
>>The effect of this is that even if the users MUA is Sender ID aware,
>>and displays the PRA, there's no guarantee it is displaying the same
>>identity that was validated by the MTA.
> 
> 
> Which is why it would be better for the MTA to create a header to
> inform the MUA of the PRA and for the MUA to display that. If this
> were done then it would be necessary to specify that the MTA MUST
> remove any such headers already in the mail.
> 

This would be a problem with multi-hop forwarders.

Yakov



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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix 
Date: Sun, 5 Sep 2004 14:01:45 -0700
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Three items to respond to:

[-1-]
On Sep 5, 2004, at 6:33 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:
>> -prefix does not solve the wildcard issue
> Actually prefix helps wildcard issues and solves at least one of them.
> It allows to avoid necessity to enter separate records for both 
> "example,com"
> and for "*.example.com" while with prefix one record for 
> "*.example.com"
> would suffice and cover both _prefix.example.com and anything else like
> _prefix.subdonain.example.com.
Usually, the use of the wild-card record is to say "-all" for anything 
in a subdomain, and hence this record is would not be the same as the 
domain's record:

	with prefix:
	_prefix.example.com IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"

	without prefix:
	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"

There is no savings and no difference.  On rare occasion when you want 
the same record, a prefix fails to help:

	with prefix:
	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"

	without prefix:
	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"
	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"

It still makes no difference over-the-wire: Only one record would be 
ever returned, so this savings is only one administrative entry.  Not a 
ringing endorsement in my mind.


[-2-]
On Sep 5, 2004, at 9:31 AM, Rand Wacker wrote:
> The 480 byte limit is a limit of UDP.
As has been pointed out, this limit is not in UDP, but in the original 
DNS spec, which was later removed with EDNS0.  You can check what a 
server's limit is with a dig command like:
	dig +bufsize=1000 example.com txt
You will find a line in the results like:
	; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
The 'udp' number gives the maximum size the server can support before 
falling over to TCP.  If the resolver querying also does EDNS0, then 
the min of the two numbers can be used.  Finding a resolver's 
advertised EDNS0 can be a bit tricky, involving tcpdump.  On my 
servers, running several year old Linux distributions, the EDNS0 sizes 
were all either 2048 or 4096.


[-3-]
On Sep 5, 2004, at 11:24 AM, Peter Koch wrote:
> this reference is questionable at best (read: DOC-BUG). RFC 3226 
> specifies
> behaviour of RFC2874-conformant DNS implementations (A6 is kinda dead 
> now)
> and for DNSSEC-aware DNS implementations. None of both is relevant to 
> the draft
> in question and, more importantly, it is suboptimal to reference a
> requirements document for DNS server implementations this way.

The actual text from the current draft is:
"Sender-ID compliant sites MUST use DNS recursive  servers that support 
EDNS0 [RFC2671] and [RFC3226] in order to be able to receive large DNS 
RR sets."

This text, including the reference to RFC3226, came directly from 
Ólafur of DNS-EXT.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com




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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Matthias Leisi'" <matthias@astrum.ch>,
        "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Sun, 5 Sep 2004 17:52:34 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Matthias Leisi
> Sent: Sunday, September 05, 2004 10:41 AM
> To: 'IETF MARID WG'
> Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
>
>
>
>
>
> terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
>
> > -not all dns servers support "_"
>
> Just for clarification: Which DNS servers do /not/ support
> underscores?
Sorry, that should read: DNS providers whose UI on the server does not support "_".

>
> I know from testing that BIND 9 is happy with them; since
> Microsoft uses
> them for some AD stuff, I guess that at least newer
> implementations of
> their DNS services will not choke on them.
>
> Local DNS libraries seem to be able to handle it - at least I haven't
> heard of resolver-library incompatibility with products that
> use Apple's
> Rendezvous, which is based on kind-of-SRV records and also use SRV's
> _<service>._<proto> scheme.
>
> Of course, further testing would be fine, but technically
> most relevant
> pieces of DNS software around should not have issues underscores.
>
>
> > -many dns providers do not allow subdomains (or not easily
> via an interface, and we need to keep
> > publishing easy or it won't get done)(yes I know many ISPs
> don't support TXT RR either, but that
> > *is* changing and it *is* an RFC compliant DNS standard,
> even if SPF abuses it)
>
> Which DNS providers do (not) allow subdomains and/or TXT records?
Again, its not just about whether the DNS provider refuses.  My personal DNS provider does not
support, TXT, so I had to wade through a support call (which turned into emails) to get them to set
my vanity domain with an SPF record.  But not everyone (most?) with domains (vanity or otherwise)
would go to that effort.

I expect many/most DNS providers will enhance their UI to allow TXT records (all I have contacted or
heard about have said "coming soon").  But at least some (including mine) are not allowing
subdomains or extensions beyond the usual www, ftp etc.  (Course, the subdomain could become one of
"the usual", if its ratified)

>
> Adding something a record for "_spf" should not be any different from
> adding a "www" record to a domain.
Agreed.  But its not me that needs convincing, its the DNS providers.

>
> (Adding TXT records to the admin GUI of my non-profit ISP took me a
> couple of minutes.)
Agreed it can be done (providing the backend DNS server can do it).  But some DNS providers have big
fancy (aka crappy) integrated (often flash based, ugh!) UI's (e.g. look.ca)  Changing those UI's can
be non trivial.

>
> IMO, there are no technical or admin issues for or against RR
> prefixes.
Provided you don't consider deployment/adoption technical, and you never have to explain to a "*
Certified * Engineer" how/why things actually work.  You really cannot just look at technical
issues, you have to look at all that are reasonably relevant and can have an actual impact.


> Having said that, there are of course policy reasons to
> consider - eg if
> we go for a dedicated record type for "MARID", there is no need for a
> prefix (after all, we don't have a prefix for MX records).
Agreed.  And that *is* where I think (and believe) we are going, our own RR type.

>
> Still IMO, a prefix would only make sense if the TXT record
> workaround
> were a long-term solution.
I suspect within about 4 years of dedicated RR type approval the significant majority of published
domains would have switched.  (Or at least published new type, hence the second lookup on the TXT
type becomes unnecessary).  This opinion is based on the idea that those who published TXT would be
just as willing/eager to adopt the RR type, and that the new RR type is approved and deployed BEFORE
SPF publishing becomes a "standard requirement" before sending email.

> As this quite possibly is not the intention
> of this working group, using a prefix does not offer any
> benefits other
> than possibly keeping the DNS response size below the magical
> 418 bytes,
> a restriction which can be easily worked around using
> redirects by those
> few(?) that would need it.
Agreed.


Terry
>
> -- Matthias
>
> --
> Brain-Log                               http://matthias.leisi.net/
>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep  5 18:22:40 2004
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: DOC-BUG/TECH-OMISSION in -protocol: A vs AAAA
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This is about subsections 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 of draft-ietf-marid-protocol-02
and I'm not sure whether it's a doc-bug or the wording is deliberately chosen.

o In 4.3, although the mechanism is called "a", suggesting similarity to
  the IPv4 address RR type "A" combined with the "Note" in 3.1 both A and
  AAAA RR types need to be checked, don't they?

o In 4.4 the draft now only talks about A tyep resolution when it comes to
  identifying the MX target. Not only is this inconsistent with 3.1, it
  also questions the conclusion for 4.3 above.

o NB: "if <ip> is one of the MX hosts" should be changed to something like
  "if <ip> is an IP address of one of the MX hosts", since <ip> is an address
  and cannot *be* the host.

o 4.5 :"This mechanism tests if <ip>'s name is within a particular domain"
  suggested rewording: "This mechanism tests if the DNS reverse mapping for
  <ip> exists and consistently points to a domain name within a particular
  domain".

o 4.5 "perform a PTR lookup against <ip>" suggests to look for a PTR RR for
  the address, which isn't meant. Rewording similar to the one above.

Nice DoS opportunity, btw.

-Peter



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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 00:15:52 +0200
To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
Cc: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Message-ID: <20040905221552.GA9714@danisch.de>
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On Sat, Sep 04, 2004 at 09:20:18AM -0400, terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
>
> -many dns providers do not allow subdomains (or not easily via an interface, and we need to keep
> publishing easy or it won't get done)


I don't understand this statement.



Why should 

  _marid	   IN	TXT	"blabla"

be a subdomain and not supported while

  www	           IN   A       1.2.3.4

is a normal entry not causing a subdomain? Where's the difference?




I believe this is easier and more supported than placing the 
TXT record directly in the domain name. Not all interfaces support

	   IN TXT "..."
or
@	   IN TXT "..."

and many users don't understand that. A TXT record for _marid 
is plain, strait forward, and simple.


regards
Hadmut




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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Hadmut Danisch'" <hadmut@danisch.de>
Cc: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Sun, 5 Sep 2004 19:18:35 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Hadmut Danisch [mailto:hadmut@danisch.de]
> Sent: Sunday, September 05, 2004 6:16 PM
> To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
> Cc: 'IETF MARID WG'
> Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
>
>
> On Sat, Sep 04, 2004 at 09:20:18AM -0400,
> terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
> >
> > -many dns providers do not allow subdomains (or not easily
> via an interface, and we need to keep
> > publishing easy or it won't get done)
>
>
> I don't understand this statement.
>
>
>
> Why should
>
>   _marid	   IN	TXT	"blabla"
>
> be a subdomain and not supported while
>
>   www	           IN   A       1.2.3.4
>
> is a normal entry not causing a subdomain? Where's the difference?
www is already built in (visibly or implied) for DNS providers UI.  Non standard subdomains often
are not.  I am not saying this is correct (its not) or acceptable (that's a business model decision
of DNS provider) but I believe it to be a reality for at least some DNS providers.


>
>
>
>
> I believe this is easier and more supported than placing the
> TXT record directly in the domain name. Not all interfaces support
I disagree, I have seen more UI's that support TXT records (albeit very few, but apparently more and
more every day) then support adhoc (beyond the standard www, ftp, etc) subdomains.

>
> 	   IN TXT "..."
> or
> @	   IN TXT "..."
>
> and many users don't understand that. A TXT record for _marid
> is plain, strait forward, and simple.
I agree *if* one understands how DNS works.  I would hazard a guess that a significant number of
owners of domain names wouldn't.  This alone does not constitute grounds for non-deployment of
_marid, but it is still a valid point against.



Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085

>
>
> regards
> Hadmut
>



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On Mon, 06 Sep 2004 00:00:24 +0200, Peter Koch
<pk@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de> wrote:
> 
> o In 4.3, although the mechanism is called "a", suggesting similarity to
>   the IPv4 address RR type "A" combined with the "Note" in 3.1 both A and
>   AAAA RR types need to be checked, don't they?

Interesting.  Now that you've pointed it out, I think there might be
an ambiguity.  In particular, I always assumed that, for example,
"a/24" meant check IPv4, while "a//64" meant check IPv6, and just "a"
meant check both (same as "a/32//128").

But I guess it might be possible to interpret "a/24" as equivalent to
"a/24//128" and "a//64" as equivalent to "a/32//128".  In fact,
reading section 4 pedantically, I think that may be the more exact
interpretation.  This is slightly annoying, because it would have been
nice to have a mechanism to restrict a particular use of the mechanism
to IPv4 or IPv6.

In fact, while we are nitpicking, the capitalization of "cidr-length"
is not consistent.  Section 4 uses CIDR-length, while 4.6 uses
"cidr-length".    Moreover, that term is never formally defined. 
Therefore, in addition to fixing the ambiguity above, I also propose
the following change to section 4.6.  Change:

   If the cidr-length is omitted, the ip4-cidr-length is taken to be
   "/32" and the ip6-cidr-length is taken to be "/128".

To:

   If ip4-cidr-length is omitted, it is taken to be "/32".  If
   ip6-cidr-length is omitted, it is taken to be "/128".

In fact, it's probably too late for this, but I wonder if for
consistency the grammar shouldn't have been:

      IP6             = "ip6" ":" ip6-network [ "/" ip6-cidr-length ]

and the default "//128".

David



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To: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix 
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On Sun, 5 Sep 2004, Mark Lentczner wrote:

> Three items to respond to:
> 
> [-1-]
> On Sep 5, 2004, at 6:33 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> >> -prefix does not solve the wildcard issue
> > Actually prefix helps wildcard issues and solves at least one of them.
> > It allows to avoid necessity to enter separate records for both 
> > "example,com" and for "*.example.com" while with prefix one record for 
> > "*.example.com" would suffice and cover both _prefix.example.com and 
> > anything else like _prefix.subdonain.example.com.
>
> Usually, the use of the wild-card record is to say "-all" for anything 
> in a subdomain, and hence this record is would not be the same as the 
> domain's record:

That depends on the use of wildcards. When wildcards are used in parallel 
with wildcard MX entries, then the SPF record for domain and widlcard
subdomains will most likely be the same. 

Different situation is for somebody who just wants to say that there are 
no working subdomains under his domain, then "-all" can be used. But do 
remember that wildcard will actually not work for any subdomain that is 
deligated (i.e. ones that have their own direct "A", "MX" or any other 
record) so this might not have much value as I don't think spoofing 
non-existing hosts is very common and these can be quickly cought by just 
checking if the host actually exists...

> 	with prefix:
> 	_prefix.example.com IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"
> 
> 	without prefix:
> 	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"

I assert that if you have wildcard MX record, then you would actually want
wildcard subdomain record to be exactly the same, see above.

> There is no savings and no difference.  On rare occasion when you want 
> the same record, a prefix fails to help:
> 
> 	with prefix:
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"
> 
> 	without prefix:
> 	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"
> 
> It still makes no difference over-the-wire: Only one record would be 
> ever returned, so this savings is only one administrative entry.  Not a 
> ringing endorsement in my mind.

I agree with above, there is no difference in the wire, the difference is 
only that administrator needs to enter one record instead of two.

And yes, this is not very strong reason to do it, but it does mean
that on at least one issue (be it a small one), the prefix does help
with wildcards where as every other issue is exactly the same no
matter if prefix is used or not. So really we should not put any
statement like that "-prefix does not solve the wildcard issue",
as not using prefix does not solve these issues either!

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: "Scott Kitterman" <scott@kitterman.com>
To: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Hadmut Danisch
> Sent: Sunday, September 05, 2004 6:16 PM
> To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
> Cc: 'IETF MARID WG'
> Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
>
> Why should
>
>   _marid	   IN	TXT	"blabla"
>
> be a subdomain and not supported while
>
>   www	           IN   A       1.2.3.4
>
> is a normal entry not causing a subdomain? Where's the difference?
>
> I believe this is easier and more supported than placing the
> TXT record directly in the domain name. Not all interfaces support
>
> 	   IN TXT "..."
> or
> @	   IN TXT "..."
>
> and many users don't understand that. A TXT record for _marid
> is plain, strait forward, and simple.
>
I can't tell you why, but today, I can do all of those you list through my
DNS provider except, _marid.  I could do marid without the _, but without
the _, you lose some of the collision avoidance potential.  Trying to add an
A record for _marid gets me this error:

"Host names may only contain 0-9, A-Z, or hyphen (-) characters."

Is that incorrect?  Yes.

Is that common?  Yes.

Scott Kitterman



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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'william(at)elan.net'" <william@elan.net>,
        "'Mark Lentczner'" <markl@glyphic.com>
Cc: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix 
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of
> william(at)elan.net
> Sent: Sunday, September 05, 2004 8:04 PM
> To: Mark Lentczner
> Cc: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
>
>
>
>
> On Sun, 5 Sep 2004, Mark Lentczner wrote:
>
> > Three items to respond to:
> >
> > [-1-]
> > On Sep 5, 2004, at 6:33 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> > >> -prefix does not solve the wildcard issue
> > > Actually prefix helps wildcard issues and solves at least
> one of them.
> > > It allows to avoid necessity to enter separate records for both
> > > "example,com" and for "*.example.com" while with prefix
> one record for
> > > "*.example.com" would suffice and cover both
> _prefix.example.com and
> > > anything else like _prefix.subdonain.example.com.
> >
> > Usually, the use of the wild-card record is to say "-all"
> for anything
> > in a subdomain, and hence this record is would not be the
> same as the
> > domain's record:
>
> That depends on the use of wildcards. When wildcards are used
> in parallel
> with wildcard MX entries, then the SPF record for domain and widlcard
> subdomains will most likely be the same.
>
> Different situation is for somebody who just wants to say
> that there are
> no working subdomains under his domain, then "-all" can be
> used. But do
> remember that wildcard will actually not work for any
> subdomain that is
> deligated (i.e. ones that have their own direct "A", "MX" or
> any other
> record) so this might not have much value as I don't think spoofing
> non-existing hosts is very common and these can be quickly
> cought by just
> checking if the host actually exists...
>
> > 	with prefix:
> > 	_prefix.example.com IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> > 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"
> >
> > 	without prefix:
> > 	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> > 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"
>
> I assert that if you have wildcard MX record, then you would
> actually want
> wildcard subdomain record to be exactly the same, see above.
>
> > There is no savings and no difference.  On rare occasion
> when you want
> > the same record, a prefix fails to help:
> >
> > 	with prefix:
> > 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"
> >
> > 	without prefix:
> > 	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"
> > 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx:mx.example.com -all"
> >
> > It still makes no difference over-the-wire: Only one record
> would be
> > ever returned, so this savings is only one administrative
> entry.  Not a
> > ringing endorsement in my mind.
>
> I agree with above, there is no difference in the wire, the
> difference is
> only that administrator needs to enter one record instead of two.
>
> And yes, this is not very strong reason to do it, but it does mean
> that on at least one issue (be it a small one), the prefix does help
> with wildcards where as every other issue is exactly the same no
> matter if prefix is used or not. So really we should not put any
> statement like that "-prefix does not solve the wildcard issue",
> as not using prefix does not solve these issues either!

Please relax, "-prefix does not solve the wildcard issue" does *not* mean/imply "lack of prefix
solves the wildcard issue", because if it did, then the statement would be "-prefix causes an issue
with wildcards".  There are wildcard issues that exist without prefixes, if they didn't, there
wouldn't be any issue for us to discuss...
There are wildcard issues that are as yet unresolved (albeit rare).  I thought that prefixes were
proposed as a solution (weren't they?) and were found not to be a resolution.  If that was not the
case my mistake.  But either way, the statement is accurate as having a prefix does not actually
*solve* a wildcard issue.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085



>
> --
> William Leibzon
> Elan Networks
> william@elan.net
>



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>> Why should
>>
>>   _marid    IN TXT "blabla"
>>
>> be a subdomain and not supported while
>>
>>   www            IN   A       1.2.3.4
>>
>> is a normal entry not causing a subdomain?

If we require an underscored _marid prefix to prevent potential collisions 
with existing namespace, are we then not dealing with a circular reasoning 
here?

I mean, if the underscore prefix is not widely deployed because few DNS 
providers support it, then choosing an underscored prefix to avoid collision 
leads to having to make world-wide changes to providers' User Interfaces, so 
that the _marid prefic can be widely deployed; after which time you lost the 
advantage again of not running the risk of collision.

In that case, we might as well drop the underscore requirement to begin 
with.

- Mark



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From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Mon, 06 Sep 2004 05:51:19 +0100
In-Reply-To: <413B7CFD.6020402@solidmatrix.com> (Yakov Shafranovich's message
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Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> Graham Murray wrote:
>
>> Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:
>> 
>>>The effect of this is that even if the users MUA is Sender ID aware,
>>>and displays the PRA, there's no guarantee it is displaying the same
>>>identity that was validated by the MTA.
>> Which is why it would be better for the MTA to create a header to
>> inform the MUA of the PRA and for the MUA to display that. If this
>> were done then it would be necessary to specify that the MTA MUST
>> remove any such headers already in the mail.
>> 
>
> This would be a problem with multi-hop forwarders.

Why? Sender-ID only authenticates the last hop anyway, so the PRA
which the MUA would derive should always be the same as that derived
and validated by the last MTA handling the email. 



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>> And the the relative lack of a proficiency barrier to entry.
>
> This is a popular myth. Proficiency is not a problem. The abusers are
> quite proficient, and quite determined, and frequently quite 
> resourceful.

I meant lack of proficiency at accessing (heck, even just *grokking*) 
Usenet by the end users.

People who have a clue as to what Usenet is, let alone who can gain 
sufficient proficiency to use it, are a tiny minority compared those 
who know what blogs, wiki, and even "bboard" are.

This is getting horribly off-topic now, for which I apologize. I just 
wanted to clarify my statement.

Anne



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On Sun, 2004-09-05, Mark wrote:
> If we require an underscored _marid prefix to prevent potential collisions 
> with existing namespace, are we then not dealing with a circular reasoning 
> here?

> I mean, if the underscore prefix is not widely deployed because few DNS 
> providers support it, then choosing an underscored prefix to avoid collision 
> leads to having to make world-wide changes to providers' User Interfaces, so 
> that the _marid prefic can be widely deployed; after which time you lost the 
> advantage again of not running the risk of collision.

I believe the reason for the underscore is that it is, in fact, NOT a valid *hostname* character, but it IS valid in a domain name. It seems to be a common, but incorrect, belief that DNS is only for hostnames.

-- 
Bill McQuillan <McQuilWP@pobox.com>



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In <p06110409bd5e7406175c@[129.46.227.161]> Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com> writes:

> At 8:13 PM -0500 9/2/04, wayne wrote:
>>
>>  > 4) IP licensing:  I'm not dogmatic about the GPL or commercial
>>>  licenses, but there are significant MTAs and mail filters that fall
>>>  under both kinds of licenses, and several others to boot.  I think
>>>  that any proposal that has incompatible IP licensing needs to be
>>>  dropped.
>>
>>Sadly, in response to this post back in July, Ted Hardie (the IETF
>>Area Director for this WG), told us to stop worry about IP licensing
>>issues.  I believe the mess we are in right now is a direct result of
>>this.  Instead of getting the IP licensing issue resolved *much*
>>earlier on, we now have a crisis and a no-win situation.
>
> There's no reference to which post of mine is meant, but I
> assume http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02748.html
> is the one to which this refers.

I'm sorry, I should have been clearer.  I was referring to your
earlier post:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02660.html


> That post did not say "stop worrying about the licensing issues",
> it said "Discuss licensing in terms of the engineering decisions"
> or more fully:

In the post I was referring to, Shevek was describing the friction
caused by the use of new/unfamiliar licenses and how people often
picked familiar licenses instead.


In response you wrote, in part:

: I urge the working group to stop fixating on this and go back to reviewing
: and contributing to the specifications.  This list is intended to focus on
: the engineering needed to get its charter done, and we have enough distractions
: without raising this spectre from its well-deserved grave.


In neither post did you take steps to get the IPR license issue
resolved.  I'm afraid that the IPR issue have never been placed in the
grave and this spectre will continue to be raised as long as the
patent license terms conflict with so much of the existing email
infrastructure.


-wayne



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Date: Mon, 06 Sep 2004 02:31:52 -0400
To: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Daniel Senie <dts@senie.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
In-Reply-To: <1099091374.20040905224725@pobox.com>
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At 01:47 AM 9/6/2004, Bill McQuillan wrote:


>On Sun, 2004-09-05, Mark wrote:
> > If we require an underscored _marid prefix to prevent potential collisions
> > with existing namespace, are we then not dealing with a circular reasoning
> > here?
>
> > I mean, if the underscore prefix is not widely deployed because few DNS
> > providers support it, then choosing an underscored prefix to avoid 
> collision
> > leads to having to make world-wide changes to providers' User 
> Interfaces, so
> > that the _marid prefic can be widely deployed; after which time you 
> lost the
> > advantage again of not running the risk of collision.
>
>I believe the reason for the underscore is that it is, in fact, NOT a 
>valid *hostname* character, but it IS valid in a domain name. It seems to 
>be a common, but incorrect, belief that DNS is only for hostnames.

So let me get this straight.

Folks are worried about the companies some people outsource their DNS to 
(instead of running their own servers) not handling _marid or _foo or 
whatever the tag would be. But folks are not worried about updating name 
server software to support a new RR type and getting that software 
deployed, and are not worried about getting MTA software updated to handle 
new a new capability and get that deployed.

Am I the only one who thinks this is looney? If SPF or SenderID become 
accepted, then people will update MTA software to make it work. They will 
update DNS server software to make it work. And if outsourced DNS providers 
wish to remain competitive, they'll add capabilities to their GUIs. Let the 
market handle it.

It sure seems like folks are getting hung up over what's probably the 
EASIEST thing to deal with, that being finding a DNS outsourcer (if you 
even need one) that'll publish the records you request.

Let's get back to deciding what's right at the protocol level, and leave 
the business decisions of web-interfaced DNS providers out of the discussion.

I, for one, would like to hear more on the technical merits of using _spf 
or _marid or _foo vs. not using it. 



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep  6 03:18:07 2004
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In <F10C6AA6-FDF0-11D8-B6CF-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
> state during phase-in.


I know the chairs asked to not discuss the IPR issue any more, but the
SenderID license seems to rule out option 2.  According to section
1.2, a "Licensed Implementation" must be complaint with all required
portions of the SenderID.

While the SenderID license only directly references marid-pra and
marid-core, the marid-core I-D has a normative reference to the
marid-protocol I-D and section 3 of marid-core requires you to use the
check_host function.

So, if marid-protocol says that check_host MUST query the SPF RR and
an implementation doesn't, then it is not confromant and the
implementation does not qualify to use the SenderID license.  If you
are in a situation such as Jim Lyon described at the iterim meeting
where you are in a pure Microsoft network, the Windows API doesn't
even have the ability to query for new RR types, you are kind of out
of luck.  As Jim described it, you can't even code up raw UDP packets
because they won't make it out of the network.

The problems of the license requiring conformance was brought up by
Dan Quinlan back in June, if I recall correctly.  This is just one
example of such a problem.


So, if we are planning on supporting SenderID, it appears that we MUST
allow everyone to always be conformant at all times.  This means that
we MUST NOT require implementations to query SPF RRs.



-wayne



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On Mon, Sep 06, 2004 at 12:00:24AM +0200,
 Peter Koch <pk@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE> wrote 
 a message of 27 lines which said:

> o In 4.3, although the mechanism is called "a", suggesting
> similarity to the IPv4 address RR type "A"

Unfortunately, yes, there is a potential for confusion, but this is
probably for historical reasons.

>  combined with the "Note" in 3.1 both A and AAAA RR types need to be
>  checked, don't they?

Yes.

> o In 4.4 the draft now only talks about A tyep resolution when it
> comes to identifying the MX target. Not only is this inconsistent
> with 3.1, it also questions the conclusion for 4.3 above.

Already reported:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03518.html



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep  6 03:45:44 2004
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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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On Mon, 6 Sep 2004, Daniel Senie wrote:

> So let me get this straight.
> 
> Folks are worried about the companies some people outsource their DNS to 
> (instead of running their own servers) not handling _marid or _foo or 
> whatever the tag would be. But folks are not worried about updating name 
> server software to support a new RR type and getting that software 
> deployed, and are not worried about getting MTA software updated to handle 
> new a new capability and get that deployed.

Folks are worried about both cases. The two cases are different and 
require different handling. First of all with new RR type, it is not
only dns servers but some resolvers that may need to be updated, this
is a process that takes quite a bit longer and requires recompiling
dns servers and/or resolvers, people installing new software, etc.

On the other hand with "_" prefix, all dns servers and resolvers can 
handle it. It is only that to managed these servers, number of providers
have deployed custom GUI interfaces. In some cases, these interfaces set
correct characters to be used and they have disallowed use of "_". It
would not be hard to correct it - most of these GUI are interpted scripts
(perl cgi, php, asp, etc) and to disallow those characters they have a 
filter function (that function checks if all characters in hostname or 
domain name are alphanumeric or "-") which is the only one that will need 
to be updated to allow "_" character. Not very hard to do and they really
should have done it by now considering SRV records have existed for 
several years now.

> Am I the only one who thinks this is looney? If SPF or SenderID become 
> accepted, then people will update MTA software to make it work. They will 
> update DNS server software to make it work. And if outsourced DNS providers 
> wish to remain competitive, they'll add capabilities to their GUIs. Let the 
> market handle it.
I agree with you. If MARID becomes popular within a year all GUI will
be able to handle underscores if its part of the standard. Its just a very 
easy fix for those who dont - see above.

> It sure seems like folks are getting hung up over what's probably the 
> EASIEST thing to deal with, that being finding a DNS outsourcer (if you 
> even need one) that'll publish the records you request.
> 
> Let's get back to deciding what's right at the protocol level, and leave 
> the business decisions of web-interfaced DNS providers out of the discussion.
> 
> I, for one, would like to hear more on the technical merits of using _spf 
> or _marid or _foo vs. not using it. 

Using it allows to avoid collisions with other TXT records or with any other
possible use of SPF in the future. And it gives a good example for anybody
else who is considering temporarily using TXT records for their experiment.

BTW - I now support that both TXT and SPF RR records be done in SRV way:
 _smtp._tcp.example.com.  IN   TXT   "SPF2.0/PRA ..."
 _smtp._tcp.example.com.  IN   SPF   "SPF2.0/PRA ..."

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net




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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Daniel Senie" <dts@senie.com>
To: "MARID" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Monday, September 06, 2004 8:31 AM
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix


>
> At 01:47 AM 9/6/2004, Bill McQuillan wrote:
>
>
> >On Sun, 2004-09-05, Mark wrote:
> > > If we require an underscored _marid prefix to prevent potential
collisions
> > > with existing namespace, are we then not dealing with a circular
reasoning
> > > here?
> >
> > > I mean, if the underscore prefix is not widely deployed because few
DNS
> > > providers support it, then choosing an underscored prefix to avoid
> > collision
> > > leads to having to make world-wide changes to providers' User
> > Interfaces, so
> > > that the _marid prefic can be widely deployed; after which time you
> > lost the
> > > advantage again of not running the risk of collision.
> >
> >I believe the reason for the underscore is that it is, in fact, NOT a
> >valid *hostname* character, but it IS valid in a domain name. It seems to
> >be a common, but incorrect, belief that DNS is only for hostnames.
>
> So let me get this straight.
>
> Folks are worried about the companies some people outsource their DNS to
> (instead of running their own servers) not handling _marid or _foo or
> whatever the tag would be. But folks are not worried about updating name
> server software to support a new RR type and getting that software
> deployed, and are not worried about getting MTA software updated to handle
> new a new capability and get that deployed.
>
> Am I the only one who thinks this is looney? If SPF or SenderID become
> accepted, then people will update MTA software to make it work. They will
> update DNS server software to make it work. And if outsourced DNS
providers
> wish to remain competitive, they'll add capabilities to their GUIs. Let
the
> market handle it.
>
> It sure seems like folks are getting hung up over what's probably the
> EASIEST thing to deal with, that being finding a DNS outsourcer (if you
> even need one) that'll publish the records you request.
>
> Let's get back to deciding what's right at the protocol level, and leave
> the business decisions of web-interfaced DNS providers out of the
discussion.
>
> I, for one, would like to hear more on the technical merits of using _spf
> or _marid or _foo vs. not using it.


Me too - I am lost now - would someone like to summarise the requirement for
a sub-domain at all.  The reasoning has got lost in the chaff of whether
it's possible - which it is, or will be once the standard hits the streets.

I will happily add the names of DNS providers that have this facility to the
list at www.dns.idimo.com so that there is the beginnings of a reference for
people who want to experiment.  Please see the notes on the website.


Slainte,

JohnP.
johnp@idimo.com
ICQ 313355492








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From: "Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
References: <16695.49071.671776.708651@giles.gnomon.org.uk><Pine.LNX.4.60.0409031508270.15977@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk><16698.1388.231292.755112@giles.gnomon.org.uk><Pine.LNX.4.60.0409051929220.15770@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk><16699.25176.185782.397897@giles.gnomon.org.uk> <m3vfes1nj8.fsf@gmdev.webwayone.co.uk>
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 09:24:46 +0100
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 "Graham Murray" suggested:
>
> Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:
>
>
> > The effect of this is that even if the users MUA is Sender ID aware,
> > and displays the PRA, there's no guarantee it is displaying the same
> > identity that was validated by the MTA.
>
> Which is why it would be better for the MTA to create a header to
> inform the MUA of the PRA and for the MUA to display that. If this
> were done then it would be necessary to specify that the MTA MUST
> remove any such headers already in the mail.
>


This introduces its own security weakness:

If the senders are forging the additional tag, and the MTA, for some reason or
another, is not removing the headers - the MUA cannot detect that the header is
bad.

See my post:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03118.html
for some of the circumstances in which this can occur.

You end up with the MTA including time-stamps and host-identities in  the
additional header, and then you have to cryptographically sign it, and give the
MUA the means to validate the signature.

It's almost as easy just to sign the entire original message and solve the whole
problem at one stroke!

Chris Haynes




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Cc: Ryan Malayter <rmalayter@bai.org>,
        "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 11:02:42 +0100
To: Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
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On 3 Sep 2004, at 20:16, Rand Wacker wrote:

> Sender ID approved mail provides you with the benefit in that it is
> authenticating a well-comprehended user address, the From: header.  
> This
> is something that's easy for users and admins to comprehend and 
> whitelist.
> Whitelisting of the envelope is more complex and won't be understood 
> by a
> large portion of users out there.

Unfortunately whitelisting and blacklisting of addresses happens today 
(in most MTAs that I'm aware of) on the envelope address, not the 
headers, and since a whitelisting has to override a blacklisting you're 
suggesting a significant shift in operating procedure (from rejection 
at MAIL FROM to rejection at EODATA). As someone responsible for 
anti-spam for billions of mails per month I can't imagine that's a 
change we'd want to make lightly, especially given the increased cost 
of holding off the rejection until EODATA.

Another thing to remember is that the people at the coal face of spam 
attacks don't want to be able to whitelist more. They want to get rid 
of more spam. Those who want to be able to improve whitelisting have 
something to sell you (this isn't necessarily bad, but it tends to be 
true). Some have argued that being able to validate and accredit 
domains will allow you to turn up the strength of your spam filters, 
but anyone who has worked on real world spam filters (SpamAssassin and 
a commercial filter here) will be able to tell you that this is very 
much non trivial.

We would make the change if it had a significant benefit to our 
customers, but in this thread there has already been what I consider 
strong enough proof (in response to your large bank example) that 
everything we need for whitelisting even complex mail routing is 
possible using the envelope address anyway.

While today there are a number of MUAs that don't display the envelope 
address, the MUAs will have to change to display whichever of the MAIL 
FROM or the PRA we're validating.

Furthermore, almost none of the businesses we work with allow their 
users to whitelist addresses of their own choosing, at least not with 
without admin approval. This stuff happens today on the envelope, and 
while it has taken some training it is not a significant barrier.

I agree with you that we should move forwards with Sender-ID assuming 
Microsoft can fix their license issues. Certainly one of the benefits 
of moving forwards is to approve -protocol, which is the real meat of 
Unified SPF and will bring us gains when we come to implementing crypto 
validation.

Matt.


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References: <JFEEKKACNPKMBKAPGGFOOEGKFJAA.me@michaelbrumm.com> <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409021501000.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com> <4042BB90-FD92-11D8-B236-000A95AC67AA@messagelabs.com> <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409031208170.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com> <4138CA8C.5070004@solidmatrix.com> <20040903200311.GD91563@bitshift.org>
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Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
Subject: Re: (DEPLOY) In Support of Sender ID
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 11:04:08 +0100
To: "Mark C. Langston" <mark@bitshift.org>
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On 3 Sep 2004, at 21:03, Mark C. Langston wrote:

> On Fri, Sep 03, 2004 at 03:48:28PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>
>> It can also serve as a basis for reputation and accreditation systems.
>>
>> Remember that spam is multipronged, and this is another tool in the
>> toolbox. No one is talking about this as the final solution for spam.
>
> It's important to realize that there is no one single "solution for
> spam".  Much like the security arena, any successful anti-spam strategy
> will need to take a "layered onion" approach:  multiple, diverse tools
> and techniques, none sufficient on their own, that provide a
> comprehensive solution when deployed together.  This means that a 
> robust
> anti-spam solution will encompass authentication, reputation,
> acceditation, whitelisting, blacklisting, filtering, and other
> techniques, at various points in an organization's infrastructure.
>
> There is no anti-spam magic bullet, nor a simple, all-in-one appliance
> with a single management interface that'll solve all your spam 
> problems.
> A single firewall does not a security strategy make; a single anti-spam
> tool does not an anti-spam strategy make.

I don't think anyone on this list needs to be reminded of this, at 
least not those participating.

Matt.


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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Graham Murray'" <graham@webwayone.co.uk>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 07:25:22 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Graham Murray
> Sent: Monday, September 06, 2004 12:51 AM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
>
>
>
> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
>
> > Graham Murray wrote:
> >
> >> Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:
> >>
> >>>The effect of this is that even if the users MUA is Sender
> ID aware,
> >>>and displays the PRA, there's no guarantee it is
> displaying the same
> >>>identity that was validated by the MTA.
> >> Which is why it would be better for the MTA to create a header to
> >> inform the MUA of the PRA and for the MUA to display that. If this
> >> were done then it would be necessary to specify that the MTA MUST
> >> remove any such headers already in the mail.
> >>
> >
> > This would be a problem with multi-hop forwarders.
>
> Why? Sender-ID only authenticates the last hop anyway, so the PRA
> which the MUA would derive should always be the same as that derived
> and validated by the last MTA handling the email.
>
The header fields are there for a reason, its an inline log of the email to assist mail
administrators to diagnose email issues (not just forgery/phishing, but also routing issues,
secondary MX issues, etc).  (Or allow skilled email users to analyze validity of incoming mail).

Suppressing this type of information is unacceptable to me, and my admins who are told to look at
the headers BEFORE calling support.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085



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Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
References: <016101c49404$40611220$2766f30a@development.greatgulfhomes.com>
From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Mon, 06 Sep 2004 13:42:08 +0100
In-Reply-To: <016101c49404$40611220$2766f30a@development.greatgulfhomes.com>
	(terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com's message of "Mon, 6 Sep 2004 07:25:22
	-0400")
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<terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com> writes:

> The header fields are there for a reason, its an inline log of the email to assist mail
> administrators to diagnose email issues (not just forgery/phishing, but also routing issues,
> secondary MX issues, etc).  (Or allow skilled email users to analyze validity of incoming mail).
>
> Suppressing this type of information is unacceptable to me, and my admins who are told to look at
> the headers BEFORE calling support.

I agree with all of that. Yet at the moment there is no PRA header
inserted by the MTA. All the other headers would be left intact and
each email would have just one additional header (showing the PRA as
calculated and authenticated) inserted by the final MTA or MDA. This
would be useful to both the MUA and the admin examining headers. So
nothing would be taken away from the information currently available.



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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Graham Murray'" <graham@webwayone.co.uk>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Graham Murray
> Sent: Monday, September 06, 2004 8:42 AM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
>
>
>
> <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com> writes:
>
> > The header fields are there for a reason, its an inline log
> of the email to assist mail
> > administrators to diagnose email issues (not just
> forgery/phishing, but also routing issues,
> > secondary MX issues, etc).  (Or allow skilled email users
> to analyze validity of incoming mail).
> >
> > Suppressing this type of information is unacceptable to me,
> and my admins who are told to look at
> > the headers BEFORE calling support.
>
> I agree with all of that. Yet at the moment there is no PRA header
> inserted by the MTA. All the other headers would be left intact and
No, that's not what I saw proposed; specifically I was objecting to:  "If this were done then it
would be necessary to specify that the MTA MUST remove any such headers already in the mail."

From the earlier message.

That is what I was objecting to.  I understood that to mean that some or all headers the PRA was
based on would be removed.  Was my interpretation incorrect?

Terry

> each email would have just one additional header (showing the PRA as
> calculated and authenticated) inserted by the final MTA or MDA. This
> would be useful to both the MUA and the admin examining headers. So
> nothing would be taken away from the information currently available.
>



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From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
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On Mon, Sep 06, 2004 at 01:42:08PM +0100,
 Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk> wrote 
 a message of 16 lines which said:

> I agree with all of that. Yet at the moment there is no PRA header
> inserted by the MTA. All the other headers would be left intact and
> each email would have just one additional header (showing the PRA as
> calculated and authenticated) inserted by the final MTA or MDA.

Why only one? Why not a "Responsible-From" inserted at each
administrative organization boundary? (Like "Received" inserted at
each MTA boundary.)

Each SenderID machine and each MUA would use the first
"Responsible-From" (the last inserted) to find the PRA. But a lot more
information would be available for debugging.



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Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
References: <017201c49412$b16f4c80$2766f30a@development.greatgulfhomes.com>
From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Mon, 06 Sep 2004 15:20:35 +0100
In-Reply-To: <017201c49412$b16f4c80$2766f30a@development.greatgulfhomes.com>
	(terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com's message of "Mon, 6 Sep 2004 09:09:06
	-0400")
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<terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com> writes:

>>From the earlier message.
>
> That is what I was objecting to.  I understood that to mean that some or all headers the PRA was
> based on would be removed.  Was my interpretation incorrect?

Yes, it was incorrect but that was my fault for not making my meaning
clear.

My suggestion was that the MTA should insert a new header (for the MUA
and human) to show the PRA it calculated and authenticated. Also, to
avoid spoofing, that it also removes any pre-existing instances of
this new header so that the user will only see the one inserted by the
MTA/MDA from which the MUA fetched the mail. This being similar
behaviour to SpamAssassin which removes any pre-existing "X-Spam-*"
headers before adding its own.



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From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra
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On Mon, Sep 06, 2004 at 03:20:35PM +0100,
 Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk> wrote 
 a message of 18 lines which said:

> My suggestion was that the MTA should insert a new header (for the
> MUA and human) to show the PRA it calculated and
> authenticated. Also, to avoid spoofing, that it also removes any
> pre-existing instances of this new header so that the user will only
> see the one inserted by the MTA/MDA from which the MUA fetched the
> mail. This being similar behaviour to SpamAssassin which removes any
> pre-existing "X-Spam-*" headers before adding its own.

Pre-existing "X-Spam-*" headers are indeed useless (or dangerous since
they can be forged) but, since SenderID authenticates a channel, not
the end-to-end message, pre-existing "Responsible-From" (or whatever
the name of the PRA header is) are still useful. The situation of
these PRA headers, to me, is closer from the "Received" headers, where
nobody objects there are several instances of them (and sometimes some
forged ones).



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep  6 12:55:41 2004
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR/DOC-BUG: empty fields in -pra 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 06 Sep 2004 15:18:03 +0200."
             <20040906131803.GA9539@nic.fr> 
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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote:
> Why only one? Why not a "Responsible-From" inserted at each
> administrative organization boundary? (Like "Received" inserted at
> each MTA boundary.)

  That would help, but not enough, due to the current deployment of
SMTP.

  SMTP is "end to end", in that clients talk directly to servers.
It's easy to validate the previous hop: you've got the IP.  email
*messages* aren't "end to end", or, at least, aren't *verifiable* to
be end to end, ias they could have been modified in transit, or
forged.  (Barring signed messages...)

  What you're talking about is changing the forwarding methodology from:

    message -> message' -> message'' -> message''' -> ...

  to:

    forward(forward(forward(forward(message))))

  The first method forwards messages which may, or may not, be related
to each other.  They certainly *appear* to be related, and the
"received" lines indicate some relationship, but that relationship is
difficult to follow or prove, as the whole PRA argument has shown.

  The second method "tunnels" the message though multiple forwarders.
Each forwarder not only accepts responsibility for the message, it
attests to the fact that other forwarders have accepted responsibility
for their behavior.

  In the security world, these methods are used to create multiple
nested virtual tunnels.  The tunneling & layering is *required*,
because the intermediaries know about only their neighbours, and don't
trust anyone else.  To first order, the number of nested tunnels
indicates the number of trust boundaries that the message has crossed.

  This method works for VPN's, because the sites doing the tunnelling
don't futz with the message content.  (They often can't, because the
content is itself signed and encrypted).  This method does NOT work
for SMTP, because there are too many broken MTA implementations which
change the message contents.

  So a "Responsible-From" inserted at each administrative organization
boundary would be a good idea, but it would have to be tied both to
the message, and to the party claiming responsibility.  That's hard.

  Alan DeKok.



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On Mon, 06 Sep 2004 01:55:50 -0500, wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote:
> 
> In <F10C6AA6-FDF0-11D8-B6CF-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:
> 
> > Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
> > stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> > 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> > 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
> > state during phase-in.
> 
>...
>
> So, if we are planning on supporting SenderID, it appears that we MUST
> allow everyone to always be conformant at all times.  This means that
> we MUST NOT require implementations to query SPF RRs.

The standard can be written in such a way that senders MUST publish
SPF records and MAY publish TXT records, while receivers MUST check
SPF records and MAY check TXT records.

Only the receiving MTA is covered by the patent license.  Compliant
implementations will have to check SPF records.  If the recursive DNS
server an implementation talks to is broken, that probably doesn't
mean the MTA implementation is non-conformant.

But it would be kind of amusing if Microsoft sued everyone with a
broken DNS server.  (I know they are always looking for new ways to
get people to upgrade...)

David



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mazieres@gmail.com wrote:

> On Mon, 06 Sep 2004 01:55:50 -0500, wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote:
> 
>>In <F10C6AA6-FDF0-11D8-B6CF-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:
>>
>>
>>>Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the
>>>stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
>>>1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
>>>2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant
>>>state during phase-in.
>>
>>...
>>
>>So, if we are planning on supporting SenderID, it appears that we MUST
>>allow everyone to always be conformant at all times.  This means that
>>we MUST NOT require implementations to query SPF RRs.
> 
> 
> The standard can be written in such a way that senders MUST publish
> SPF records and MAY publish TXT records, while receivers MUST check
> SPF records and MAY check TXT records.
> 

One way to doing is to specify that RR records are checked first, and 
TXT records checked second.

Yakov



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To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Hadmut Danisch
	 <hadmut@danisch.de>
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Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
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> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Yakov Shafranovich
> Sent: Saturday, September 04, 2004 9:48 PM
> Hadmut Danisch wrote:
> I would add to that that others in the IETF may use MARID as a 
> precendent to argue for the use of TXT record. This may 
> quickly increase 
> the possible number of them. Therefore, I am for the prefix as well.

I beleive that prefixing is very likely to be necessary. 
Pragmatically however we loose backwards compatibility with the
deployed base.

I think that if we take any step that loses backwards 
compatibility then we should introduce a prefix. So if we have
versioning then we should have a prefix.

Losing backwards compatibilty for the sake of a prefix does 
not seem like a good deal.

What I would like to do is to drop the idea of a new RR tag,
and define a prefix for use with the TXT record to be introduced
in the same way. In my view the RR tag value defines a syntax,
the prefix defines a semantics. There is no need to introduce
a new RR tag unless you require a new syntax, which MARID does
not.



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>>>>> "Graham" == Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk> writes:

    Graham> Which is why it would be better for the MTA to create a
    Graham> header to inform the MUA of the PRA and for the MUA to
    Graham> display that. If this were done then it would be necessary
    Graham> to specify that the MTA MUST remove any such headers
    Graham> already in the mail.

I think this has the potential to make things worse (or at least more
confusing) where a Sender ID aware MUA is used with a non-Sender ID
MTA.

	-roy



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep  6 15:53:22 2004
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Subject: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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The widely used fetchmail package includes a section of code that
determines the most likely responsible party for an e-mail message.
Its algorithm is similar to PRA but not identical.

This part of fetchmail was added in about 1996 and has been in daily
use since then by thousands of users all over the world during the
past eight years.  The fetchmail code is under the GPL, but as far as
I know, nobody claims proprietary rights over its algorithms.  Eric
Raymond, whose name is on the 2001 copyright notice in the file,
doesn't.  Since it was published so long ago it's unlikely that any
claims are yet to surface.

It checks headers in the following order:

Return-Path:  (envelope MAIL FROM address, as noted in code below)
Resent-Sender:
Sender:
Resent-From:
From:
Reply-To:
Apparently-From:

My proposal is to use this scheme to determine the address to check,
perhaps deleting the Apparently-From: check since it's not a header
that's ever appeared in an RFC.  One can argue whether this is the
best possible set and order of headers to check, but since it's worked
in practice for so long, I see no reason to mess with it.

If there's interest in this, I'd be happy to help write it up as an
I-D.  Personally, I don't think that any sort of sender domain vs. IP
address check is particularly useful as an anti-spam or anti-forgery
measure, but since MARID seems determined to publish something along
those lines, it might as well use the best proven technology
available.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
Information Superhighwayman wanna-be, http://www.johnlevine.com, Mayor
"I shook hands with Senators Dole and Inouye," said Tom, disarmingly.




--- lines 918-946 of transact.c from fetchmail 6.2.0 ---
    /*
     * If there is a Return-Path address on the message, this was
     * almost certainly the MAIL FROM address given the originating
     * sendmail.  This is the best thing to use for logging the
     * message origin (it sets up the right behavior for bounces and
     * mailing lists).  Otherwise, fall down to the next available 
     * envelope address (which is the most probable real sender).
     * *** The order is important! ***
     * This is especially useful when receiving mailing list
     * messages in multidrop mode.  if a local address doesn't
     * exist, the bounce message won't be returned blindly to the 
     * author or to the list itself but rather to the list manager
     * (ex: specified by "Sender:") which is much less annoying.  This 
     * is true for most mailing list packages.
     */
    if( !msgblk.return_path[0] ){
	char *ap = NULL;
	if (resent_sender_offs >= 0 && (ap = nxtaddr(msgblk.headers + resent_sender_offs)));
	else if (sender_offs >= 0 && (ap = nxtaddr(msgblk.headers + sender_offs)));
	else if (resent_from_offs >= 0 && (ap = nxtaddr(msgblk.headers + resent_from_offs)));
	else if (from_offs >= 0 && (ap = nxtaddr(msgblk.headers + from_offs)));
	else if (reply_to_offs >= 0 && (ap = nxtaddr(msgblk.headers + reply_to_offs)));
	else if (app_from_offs >= 0 && (ap = nxtaddr(msgblk.headers + app_from_offs)));
	/* multi-line MAIL FROM addresses confuse SMTP terribly */
	if (ap && !strchr(ap, '\n')) {
	    strncpy(msgblk.return_path, ap, sizeof(msgblk.return_path));
	    msgblk.return_path[sizeof(msgblk.return_path)-1] = '\0';
	}
    }



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[I'm not sure whether I have overlooked this already being posted]

-submitter, Section 5.3 Mobile User:

|   Here is an example of the SMTP session between the MTAs at
|   consolidatedmessanger.net and almamater.edu.example.
|
|      S: 220 almamater.edu.example ESMTP server ready
|      C: EHLO mobile.net.example

"consolidatemessanger.net" should probably be "mobile.net.example".

-- Matthias

-- 
Brain-Log                               http://matthias.leisi.net/



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Since a few days, I check for SPF records at the MTA, and I noticed one 
particular issue. I'm not sure whether the drafts (-submit) are the 
right place to mention this issue, or whether some BCP would be appropriate.

I've encountered a number of ISPs where users are unable to do outbound 
connections with dst port 25, but are limited to the ISPs Smarthost. 
Although I haven't seen it yet, but I suspect that Port 587 as per RFC 
2476 (Message Submission) may be blocked as well if it's use is adopted 
more widely.

Obviously, that is pretty efficient to stop certain categories of junk 
(-sources), and is generally not an issue, if the Smarthost allows 
arbitrary 821/822 From's.

However, with strict SPF (or SenderId) checking, this /does/ become an 
issue, since a domain owner will most likely not add some random 
Smarthost to the list of designated mailers.

-submitter mentions the use of SUBMIT briefly, but maybe the 
implications of the (how common?) blocking of dst port 25 should be 
mentioned.

-- Matthias

PS: The naming of SUBMITTER vs. SUBMIT protocol is somewhat confusing.

-- 
Brain-Log                               http://matthias.leisi.net/



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See:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-hutzler-spamops-01.txt

Matthias Leisi wrote:
> 
> Since a few days, I check for SPF records at the MTA, and I noticed one 
> particular issue. I'm not sure whether the drafts (-submit) are the 
> right place to mention this issue, or whether some BCP would be 
> appropriate.
> 
> I've encountered a number of ISPs where users are unable to do outbound 
> connections with dst port 25, but are limited to the ISPs Smarthost. 
> Although I haven't seen it yet, but I suspect that Port 587 as per RFC 
> 2476 (Message Submission) may be blocked as well if it's use is adopted 
> more widely.
> 
> Obviously, that is pretty efficient to stop certain categories of junk 
> (-sources), and is generally not an issue, if the Smarthost allows 
> arbitrary 821/822 From's.
> 
> However, with strict SPF (or SenderId) checking, this /does/ become an 
> issue, since a domain owner will most likely not add some random 
> Smarthost to the list of designated mailers.
> 
> -submitter mentions the use of SUBMIT briefly, but maybe the 
> implications of the (how common?) blocking of dst port 25 should be 
> mentioned.
> 
> -- Matthias
> 
> PS: The naming of SUBMITTER vs. SUBMIT protocol is somewhat confusing.
> 



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John Levine writes:

> I know, nobody claims proprietary rights over its algorithms.  Eric
> Raymond, whose name is on the 2001 copyright notice in the file,
> doesn't.  Since it was published so long ago it's unlikely that any
> claims are yet to surface.

I like this.

Combine this with SPF-classic, and you have a functional, unencumbered 
alternative to Sender-ID.



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Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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On Mon, Sep 06, 2004 at 07:30:31PM -0000,
 John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> wrote 
 a message of 74 lines which said:

> My proposal is to use this scheme to determine the address to check,

Nice idea but, as discussions on this group showed, there is little
hope to have a consensus on this algorithm. Hence the "unified SPF"
(http://spf.pobox.com/unified/) idea which disconnects the protocol
and the DNS RR from the choice of the domain used for the
validation. "Unified SPF" gives you several choices for this domain
and your (fetchmail's) algorithm could be one of them.

> If there's interest in this, I'd be happy to help write it up as an
> I-D.

Good idea, but as a part of "Unified SPF", like PRA is (see
http://spf.pobox.com/unified/7-pra.txt as an example).



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Sam Varshavchik wrote:
> John Levine writes:
> 
>> I know, nobody claims proprietary rights over its algorithms.  Eric
>> Raymond, whose name is on the 2001 copyright notice in the file,
>> doesn't.  Since it was published so long ago it's unlikely that any
>> claims are yet to surface.
> 
> 
> I like this.
> 
> Combine this with SPF-classic, and you have a functional, unencumbered 
> alternative to Sender-ID.
> 
> 

Lets see if taking PRA out will take care of IPR in marid-core.

Yakov



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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Mon, Sep 06, 2004 at 07:30:31PM -0000,
>  John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> wrote 
>  a message of 74 lines which said:
> 
> 
>>My proposal is to use this scheme to determine the address to check,
> 
> 
> Nice idea but, as discussions on this group showed, there is little
> hope to have a consensus on this algorithm. Hence the "unified SPF"
> (http://spf.pobox.com/unified/) idea which disconnects the protocol
> and the DNS RR from the choice of the domain used for the
> validation. "Unified SPF" gives you several choices for this domain
> and your (fetchmail's) algorithm could be one of them.

The consensus if any so far has been in regards to PRA. I haven't seen 
anybody posting yet in regards to this one.

Personally, I am very for using fetchmail's algorithm if it helps take 
care of the IPR issues. But there is still IPR issues with marid-core 
and I am not sure if this will take care of it.

Yakov



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>>>>> "John" == John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> writes:

    John> The widely used fetchmail package includes a section of code
    John> that determines the most likely responsible party for an
    John> e-mail message.  Its algorithm is similar to PRA but not
    John> identical.

I think the fetchmail algorithm is a red herring.  It basically boils
down to: determine the envelope sender from the headers.  If you've
got a broken MTA, then use an algorithm which is similar to the PRA.
If that fails, there's yet another fallback.

If we're doing this at the SMTP level -- which is the prefered place
for the MARID check -- then the envelope sender is always known,
without any recourse to the headers, to this just boils down to using
the envelope sender (a la SPF).

Having an a complex fallback algorithm solely for use with post-SMTP
checkers that live behind broken MTAs seems the wrong solution for
MARID (though it was the correct engineering approach for fetchmail).

	-roy



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To: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
Cc: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
References: <D96522A138F4D4479CB5F7F583B98F0583332C@df-chewy-msg.exchange.corp.microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 22:38:56 +0100
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Harry,

In a discussion elsewhere there has been uncertainty as to the exact meaning and
implications of the phrase 'used in combination' in your statement below.

If you were able to confirm that the Microsoft disclosure / IPR claims do not
cover the marid-core spec. taken in isolation, that would be extremely helpful
and could allay some people's concerns.

Chris Haynes




 "Harry Katz" helpfully stated:

<snip>
>
> Our IPR disclosure filed with the IETF and available at
> http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/microsoft-ipr-draft-ietf-marid-core.txt is
> quite specific and covers the marid-core and marid-pra specs used in
> combination.  That's all.  We do not, to the best of my knowledge, have
> any IPR claims related to either marid-protocol, which describes the
> SPF2 record format, or marid-submitter.
>
>
>




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Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 00:17:09 +0200 (CEST)
Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to 
     verify
From: "Michel Bouissou" <michel@bouissou.net>
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John Levine a écrit :
>
> The widely used fetchmail package includes a section of code that
> determines the most likely responsible party for an e-mail message.
> Its algorithm is similar to PRA but not identical.
>
> This part of fetchmail was added in about 1996 and has been in daily
> use since then by thousands of users all over the world during the
> past eight years.  The fetchmail code is under the GPL, but as far as
> I know, nobody claims proprietary rights over its algorithms.  Eric
> Raymond, whose name is on the 2001 copyright notice in the file,
> doesn't.  Since it was published so long ago it's unlikely that any
> claims are yet to surface.

This finding is excellent and the idea is very smart. IANAL, but I believe
this is clearly and doubtlessly old enough "prior art" in determining the
purported sender of a message by checking the presence of a succession of
defined headers in an email, no matter what exact headers are used, this
is blatantly similar to the PRA method.

I believe this should probably be enough to invalidate any pretention from
MS of owning the "property" of such an "invention", and probably breaks
the validity of their (yet undisclosed precisely) patent claim.

(Anyway, even if this is really good news on the PRA standpoint, I still
personally technically much prefer that we should stick to 2821 MAIL FROM
as Classic-SPF does.)

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E

paléogallicisme : style "vieille France"



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep  6 18:41:32 2004
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Subject: Re: Motion to abandon Sender ID
References: <D96522A138F4D4479CB5F7F583B98F0583332C@df-chewy-msg.exchange.corp.microsoft.com> <06fa01c49459$eea41f30$0200000a@ringo>
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I would add to this that the same phrase appears in the IPR disclosure 
itself 
(http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/microsoft-ipr-draft-ietf-marid-core.txt):

"C. If an Internet-Draft or RFC includes multiple parts and it is not
reasonably apparent which part of such Internet-Draft or RFC is
alleged to be covered by the patent information disclosed in Section
V(A) or V(B), it is helpful if the discloser identifies here the
sections of the Internet-Draft or RFC that are alleged to be so
covered.

Both Sender ID: Authenticating E-mail <draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt>
and Purported Responsible Address in E-mail Messages
<draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt> in combination.
"

Chris Haynes wrote:
> Harry,
> 
> In a discussion elsewhere there has been uncertainty as to the exact meaning and
> implications of the phrase 'used in combination' in your statement below.
> 
> If you were able to confirm that the Microsoft disclosure / IPR claims do not
> cover the marid-core spec. taken in isolation, that would be extremely helpful
> and could allay some people's concerns.
> 
> Chris Haynes
> 
> 
> 
> 
>  "Harry Katz" helpfully stated:
> 
> <snip>
> 
>>Our IPR disclosure filed with the IETF and available at
>>http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/microsoft-ipr-draft-ietf-marid-core.txt is
>>quite specific and covers the marid-core and marid-pra specs used in
>>combination.  That's all.  We do not, to the best of my knowledge, have
>>any IPR claims related to either marid-protocol, which describes the
>>SPF2 record format, or marid-submitter.
>>
>>
>>
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 



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Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 07:39:28 +0900
From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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Roy,

RB> If we're doing this at the SMTP level -- which is the prefered place
RB> for the MARID check -- then the envelope sender is always known,
RB> without any recourse to the headers, to this just boils down to using
RB> the envelope sender (a la SPF).


   I assume you are not talking about SUBMITTER.

   Because there is no such value as "envelope sender".

   Hopefully, you do not mean the bounce address, MailFrom, since of
   course it need not correlate with sender or from at all.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



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Michel Bouissou wrote:

> John Levine a écrit :
> 
>>The widely used fetchmail package includes a section of code that
>>determines the most likely responsible party for an e-mail message.
>>Its algorithm is similar to PRA but not identical.
>>
>>This part of fetchmail was added in about 1996 and has been in daily
>>use since then by thousands of users all over the world during the
>>past eight years.  The fetchmail code is under the GPL, but as far as
>>I know, nobody claims proprietary rights over its algorithms.  Eric
>>Raymond, whose name is on the 2001 copyright notice in the file,
>>doesn't.  Since it was published so long ago it's unlikely that any
>>claims are yet to surface.
> 
> 
> This finding is excellent and the idea is very smart. IANAL, but I believe
> this is clearly and doubtlessly old enough "prior art" in determining the
> purported sender of a message by checking the presence of a succession of
> defined headers in an email, no matter what exact headers are used, this
> is blatantly similar to the PRA method.
> 
> I believe this should probably be enough to invalidate any pretention from
> MS of owning the "property" of such an "invention", and probably breaks
> the validity of their (yet undisclosed precisely) patent claim.
> 

Even if there isn't enough time for the lawyers to get back to us, 
nevertheless an alternative draft without IPR problems should be 
preferred according to RFC 3668, section 8 unless it is superior:

"  In general, IETF working groups prefer technologies with no known IPR
    claims or, for technologies with claims against them, an offer of
    royalty-free licensing. But IETF working groups have the discretion
    to adopt technology with a commitment of fair and non-discriminatory
    terms, or even with no licensing commitment, if they feel that this
    technology is superior enough to alternatives with fewer IPR claims
    or free licensing to outweigh the potential cost of the licenses.
"

Yakov



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Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to      
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From: "Michel Bouissou" <michel@bouissou.net>
To: "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>
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Yakov Shafranovich a écrit :
>>
>> I believe this should probably be enough to invalidate any pretention
>> from MS of owning the "property" of such an "invention", and probably
>> breaks the validity of their (yet undisclosed precisely) patent claim.
>
> Even if there isn't enough time for the lawyers to get back to us,
> nevertheless an alternative draft without IPR problems should be
> preferred according to RFC 3668, section 8 unless it is superior:

Sure, I definitely share this point of view.

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E



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>>>>> "Dave" == Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> writes:

    Dave>    Because there is no such value as "envelope sender".

I use the term "envelope sender" to mean the MAIL FROM address.  I
regard this as common usage.

The purpose of fetchmail is to obtain mail by verious means (often POP
or IMAP) that may not give direct access to the envelope, and to
reinsert the mail into the SMTP stream.

It is typically used by people who have POP accounts but want to
deliver their mail to an MTA on a local machine.

In order to do this it needs to determine a "sensible" value to use
for the SMTP MAIL FROM when transfering the mail to the local MTA.  As
you'll see from the posted algorithm, it's first choice is to use the
*actual* previous value of the MAIL FROM, as identified by the
Return-Path header.  If this isn't available, as a fallback it appears
to use something very similar to the PRA algorithm, with a couple of
extra cases at the end.

As I said before, this is a red herring.  The only reason the
fetchmail algorithm exists is because it has to operate in an
environment where the value of MAIL FROM isn't available.

I don't see its relevent to MARID work.

    -roy



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From: Tripp Cox <tripp@corp.earthlink.net>
Subject: Re: [DEPLOY] General Issue w/ISPs blocking Port 25
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 19:41:09 -0400
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On Sep 6, 2004, at 3:29 PM, Matthias Leisi wrote:
>
> I've encountered a number of ISPs where users are unable to do 
> outbound connections with dst port 25, but are limited to the ISPs 
> Smarthost. Although I haven't seen it yet, but I suspect that Port 587 
> as per RFC 2476 (Message Submission) may be blocked as well if it's 
> use is adopted more widely.

The recommended best practices for port 587 are that:
	*  Access providers SHALL NOT block the port.
	*  Submission agents MUST employ some means of authentication for 
submitters.

Tripp



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Roy,

RB> I use the term "envelope sender" to mean the MAIL FROM address.  I
RB> regard this as common usage.

that would be fine, except that it is not the semantics of that field,
and using that term has caused significant confusion.  and all of this
has been discussed extensively on this list and other.

the more recent and accurate term that has attained 'common usage' is
"bounce address".

unless and until these discussions start using terminology carefully,
there is no hope of achieving consensus that means anything.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



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From: "Jim Lyon" <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: "Tripp Cox" <tripp@corp.earthlink.net>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Tripp,

If you scroll down on the page that Microsoft referenced, you'll find a
link to the actual license text
(http://download.microsoft.com/download/b/d/3/bd3b5463-c461-409c-b29f-51
2218d3f3e6/senderid_license.pdf) 

-- Jim Lyon


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Tripp Cox
Sent: Saturday, September 04, 2004 7:43 AM
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: [Deploy] Insufficient Microsoft IPR disclosure 


First, let me say that I think the proposed Sender-ID framework is a
great 
first step in creating a low-overhead, global sender authentication 
framework.   I would like nothing more than to deploy Sender-ID at 
EarthLink, however a lack of information in the Microsoft IPR claims and

associated license at present will prevent me from doing so, base on the

following advise from EarthLink counsel.

The IETF's position on the provision of IP rights in connection with a 
particular patent holder that is proposing a standard require that
"working 
groups and participants have as much information about any IPR
constraints 
on a technical proposal as possible."  What we have received, to date,
from 
Microsoft is a short description of what Microsoft intends to include 
within its license.  A link to this licensing position can be found at:
http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/standards.

Among the areas of concern for EarthLink include:

Timing of the disclosure:

The IPR for the IETF requires timely disclosure of all relevant
licensing 
terms.  As stated in Section 6.2 of Intellectual Property Rights in IETF

Technology: "Timely IPR disclosure is important because working group
need 
to have as much information as they can while they are evaluating 
alternative solutions."

Substance of Grant and Lack of Disclosure

Microsoft's proposed license does not meet the requirements of the IPR.

While Microsoft states that it is willing to license all of its
potential 
IPR to implement the standard on a royalty-free basis, Microsoft must
also 
disclose any other terms and conditions in connection with this license.

The disclosure by Microsoft fails to indicate these terms and
conditions.  
As a result, we are not able to determine whether the license granted by

Microsoft will fully enable the full use of Sender ID within a proposed 
standard and if there are any other impacts to integrally related areas 
that may not explicitly be included in the standard but may be necessary
to 
fully exploit the standard.  Without having access to the terms and 
conditions of the Microsoft license, this situation cannot fully be 
evaluated.  In addition, it is not clear if all persons  will be able to

obtain the right to implement, use, distribute and exercise other rights

with respect to the proposed standard a) under a royalty-free and
otherwise 
reasonable and non-discriminatory license, or b) under a license that
contains reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions,
including a reasonable royalty or other payment, or c) without the need
to 
obtain a license from the IPR holder.  The answer to these questions is
not 
clear and, as we understand it, Microsoft has been unwilling to address 
these issues.

If Microsoft would be willing to address these issues in a
satisfactory manner, then EarthLink would be willing and able to lend
its 
support to the proposed standard.




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Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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> >>>>> "Dave" == Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> writes:

>     Dave>    Because there is no such value as "envelope sender".

> I use the term "envelope sender" to mean the MAIL FROM address.  I
> regard this as common usage.

I'm not sure it is common usage, but that's certainly how I interpreted
it.

> The purpose of fetchmail is to obtain mail by verious means (often POP
> or IMAP) that may not give direct access to the envelope, and to
> reinsert the mail into the SMTP stream.

> It is typically used by people who have POP accounts but want to
> deliver their mail to an MTA on a local machine.

> In order to do this it needs to determine a "sensible" value to use
> for the SMTP MAIL FROM when transfering the mail to the local MTA.  As
> you'll see from the posted algorithm, it's first choice is to use the
> *actual* previous value of the MAIL FROM, as identified by the
> Return-Path header.  If this isn't available, as a fallback it appears
> to use something very similar to the PRA algorithm, with a couple of
> extra cases at the end.

> As I said before, this is a red herring.  The only reason the
> fetchmail algorithm exists is because it has to operate in an
> environment where the value of MAIL FROM isn't available.

> I don't see its relevent to MARID work.

Nice analysis. I completely agree with it. The algorithms may be similar
but their goals are quite different.

				Ned



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At 07:49 PM 9/6/2004, you wrote:

>Tripp,
>
>If you scroll down on the page that Microsoft referenced, you'll find a
>link to the actual license text
>(http://download.microsoft.com/download/b/d/3/bd3b5463-c461-409c-b29f-51
>2218d3f3e6/senderid_license.pdf)

But not the patent application contents, nor any guarantees about what 
additional claims Microsoft might add to the claims over the years 
following submission of the application.

Regardless of the wording of the license (and I do have issues with the 
wording of the license), this is badness.

At this point, though, the whole thing appears moot. If open source folks 
won't use the mechanism, it's not going to reach critical mass in 
deployment and thus is going to fail. Years from now, we'll be able to look 
back and see that there was a chance to save the utility of email. but 
Microsoft's lawyers insisted on protecting their questionable IPR, rather 
than benefitting in a much greater way from saving the utility of email for 
the planet. So sorry.


>-- Jim Lyon
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
>[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Tripp Cox
>Sent: Saturday, September 04, 2004 7:43 AM
>To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
>Subject: [Deploy] Insufficient Microsoft IPR disclosure
>
>
>First, let me say that I think the proposed Sender-ID framework is a
>great
>first step in creating a low-overhead, global sender authentication
>framework.   I would like nothing more than to deploy Sender-ID at
>EarthLink, however a lack of information in the Microsoft IPR claims and
>
>associated license at present will prevent me from doing so, base on the
>
>following advise from EarthLink counsel.
>
>The IETF's position on the provision of IP rights in connection with a
>particular patent holder that is proposing a standard require that
>"working
>groups and participants have as much information about any IPR
>constraints
>on a technical proposal as possible."  What we have received, to date,
>from
>Microsoft is a short description of what Microsoft intends to include
>within its license.  A link to this licensing position can be found at:
>http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/standards.
>
>Among the areas of concern for EarthLink include:
>
>Timing of the disclosure:
>
>The IPR for the IETF requires timely disclosure of all relevant
>licensing
>terms.  As stated in Section 6.2 of Intellectual Property Rights in IETF
>
>Technology: "Timely IPR disclosure is important because working group
>need
>to have as much information as they can while they are evaluating
>alternative solutions."
>
>Substance of Grant and Lack of Disclosure
>
>Microsoft's proposed license does not meet the requirements of the IPR.
>
>While Microsoft states that it is willing to license all of its
>potential
>IPR to implement the standard on a royalty-free basis, Microsoft must
>also
>disclose any other terms and conditions in connection with this license.
>
>The disclosure by Microsoft fails to indicate these terms and
>conditions.
>As a result, we are not able to determine whether the license granted by
>
>Microsoft will fully enable the full use of Sender ID within a proposed
>standard and if there are any other impacts to integrally related areas
>that may not explicitly be included in the standard but may be necessary
>to
>fully exploit the standard.  Without having access to the terms and
>conditions of the Microsoft license, this situation cannot fully be
>evaluated.  In addition, it is not clear if all persons  will be able to
>
>obtain the right to implement, use, distribute and exercise other rights
>
>with respect to the proposed standard a) under a royalty-free and
>otherwise
>reasonable and non-discriminatory license, or b) under a license that
>contains reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions,
>including a reasonable royalty or other payment, or c) without the need
>to
>obtain a license from the IPR holder.  The answer to these questions is
>not
>clear and, as we understand it, Microsoft has been unwilling to address
>these issues.
>
>If Microsoft would be willing to address these issues in a
>satisfactory manner, then EarthLink would be willing and able to lend
>its
>support to the proposed standard.



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Roy Badami wrote:

>>>>>>"Dave" == Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> writes:
> 
> 
>     Dave>    Because there is no such value as "envelope sender".
> 
> I use the term "envelope sender" to mean the MAIL FROM address.  I
> regard this as common usage.
> 
> The purpose of fetchmail is to obtain mail by verious means (often POP
> or IMAP) that may not give direct access to the envelope, and to
> reinsert the mail into the SMTP stream.
> 
> It is typically used by people who have POP accounts but want to
> deliver their mail to an MTA on a local machine.
> 
> In order to do this it needs to determine a "sensible" value to use
> for the SMTP MAIL FROM when transfering the mail to the local MTA.  As
> you'll see from the posted algorithm, it's first choice is to use the
> *actual* previous value of the MAIL FROM, as identified by the
> Return-Path header.  If this isn't available, as a fallback it appears
> to use something very similar to the PRA algorithm, with a couple of
> extra cases at the end.
> 
> As I said before, this is a red herring.  The only reason the
> fetchmail algorithm exists is because it has to operate in an
> environment where the value of MAIL FROM isn't available.
> 
> I don't see its relevent to MARID work.

What about the algorithms here:

http://email.uoa.gr/projects/fromfilter/doc/fromfilter.html#toc9

and

http://docs.sun.com/source/816-6091-10/contents.htm#CONVERSION

"The email message's originator address is taken from one of the 
following five sources, shown in decreasing order of preference:
1. Resent-from:	 	4. Sender:	
2. From:	 	5. Envelope From:	
3. Resent-sender:"



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> "The email message's originator address is taken from one of the 
> following five sources, shown in decreasing order of preference:
> 1. Resent-from:	 	4. Sender:	
> 2. From:	 	5. Envelope From:	
> 3. Resent-sender:"

What about it?

The PRA algorithm isn't arbitrary; it's based on the RFC(2)822
definitions of the fields.

The above algorithm makes no sense to me.  The fact that someone has
used it for something in the past is not a justification for using it
here.

	-roy



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Roy Badami wrote:
>>"The email message's originator address is taken from one of the 
>>following five sources, shown in decreasing order of preference:
>>1. Resent-from:	 	4. Sender:	
>>2. From:	 	5. Envelope From:	
>>3. Resent-sender:"
> 
> 
> What about it?
> 
> The PRA algorithm isn't arbitrary; it's based on the RFC(2)822
> definitions of the fields.
> 

So let me get this straight. RFC 2822 (section 3.6.2) defines "Sender" 
as "mailbox of the agent responsible for the actual transmission of the 
message" which would be the party that actually put the email message 
into the initial SMTP transaction. The same RFC (section 3.6.6) 
represents "one individual" who "resends a message on behalf of one or 
more others".

Now, I am an SMTP developer and after reading the RFC I want to find out 
who put the original message into the mail system. In order to determine 
the actual party who sent the original message according to the RFC I 
would have to look for the "Sender" field. If it is not present, then 
the "From" header is used since the RFC states (section 3.6.2) "if the 
originator of the message can be indicated by a single mailbox and the 
author and transmitter are identical, the "Sender:" field SHOULD NOT be 
used." However, since the same RFC states that "Resent" fields are 
basically the same as the regular "Sender" and "From" fields in cases 
where the email is forwarded and re-introduced into the email system, I 
would have to parse "Resent-Sender" first, then "Resent-From", and only 
after that the regular "Sender" and "From" fields.

Now if all of this is stated in the RFC directly, what exactly is the 
IPR that is being claimed here? This seems to me explicit in the RFC itself.

> The above algorithm makes no sense to me.  The fact that someone has
> used it for something in the past is not a justification for using it
> here.
> 

I will agree with you that it will not sufficient for our purposes where 
we care about the original party who put the email into the email 
system, not the original author of the message, but it might be good 
enough for prior art.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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> Roy Badami wrote:

> >>>>>>"Dave" == Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> writes:
> >
> >
> >     Dave>    Because there is no such value as "envelope sender".
> >
> > I use the term "envelope sender" to mean the MAIL FROM address.  I
> > regard this as common usage.
> >
> > The purpose of fetchmail is to obtain mail by verious means (often POP
> > or IMAP) that may not give direct access to the envelope, and to
> > reinsert the mail into the SMTP stream.
> >
> > It is typically used by people who have POP accounts but want to
> > deliver their mail to an MTA on a local machine.
> >
> > In order to do this it needs to determine a "sensible" value to use
> > for the SMTP MAIL FROM when transfering the mail to the local MTA.  As
> > you'll see from the posted algorithm, it's first choice is to use the
> > *actual* previous value of the MAIL FROM, as identified by the
> > Return-Path header.  If this isn't available, as a fallback it appears
> > to use something very similar to the PRA algorithm, with a couple of
> > extra cases at the end.
> >
> > As I said before, this is a red herring.  The only reason the
> > fetchmail algorithm exists is because it has to operate in an
> > environment where the value of MAIL FROM isn't available.
> >
> > I don't see its relevent to MARID work.

> What about the algorithms here:

> http://email.uoa.gr/projects/fromfilter/doc/fromfilter.html#toc9

> and

> http://docs.sun.com/source/816-6091-10/contents.htm#CONVERSION

> "The email message's originator address is taken from one of the
> following five sources, shown in decreasing order of preference:
> 1. Resent-from:	 	4. Sender:
> 2. From:	 	5. Envelope From:
> 3. Resent-sender:"

I can't speak to the fromfilter algorithm, but the algorithm you dug out of
Sun's documentation is one of a family of algorithms designed to be used as
part of a gateway from Internet mail, with its rich set of addressing fields,
to some other system (in this case SMS) with a relative paucity of fields. The
intent of these algorithms is to assign a certain set of semantics to replies
generated by the more limited environment. Similar algorithms have been devised
for many such systems, including but not limited to cc:Mail, Microsoft Mail,
WordPerfect Office, Novell MHS, and VMS MAIL.

Given that the intent of PRA is to derive a responsible address, not to
determine a place to send replies, I consider all of these to be red herrings
as well, albeit ones pulled out of a different kettle.

				Ned



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep  6 22:59:10 2004
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From: David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Mon, 6 Sep 2004 22:34:25 -0400
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On Sunday 05 September 2004 5:01 pm, Mark Lentczner wrote:

> Usually, the use of the wild-card record is to say "-all" for anything
> in a subdomain, and hence this record is would not be the same as the
> domain's record:
>
> 	with prefix:
> 	_prefix.example.com IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"
>
> 	without prefix:
> 	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"

This is not a valid use of DNS wildcards, assuming I understand the problem 
you are trying to solve.

In your example, "*.example.com  IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all", would only match 
names in example.com that do not exist (actually, the matching behavior is a 
bit more subtle that that).  But, as has been pointed out on this list more 
than once, saying "-all" for non-existent names is unnecessary.

What I think you are really after is to put a "-all" SPF2 record for every 
(other) existing A, AAAA, and MX record.  There is no convenient DNS 
construct for this behavior.


> The actual text from the current draft is:
> "Sender-ID compliant sites MUST use DNS recursive  servers that support
> EDNS0 [RFC2671] and [RFC3226] in order to be able to receive large DNS
> RR sets."
>
> This text, including the reference to RFC3226, came directly from
> Ólafur of DNS-EXT.

I have a hard time seeing how using EDNS0 rises to the level of MUST.  Since 
querying for and publishing SPF2 or TXT records will not, in the typical 
case, cause truncation without EDNS0, this should be a SHOULD, not a MUST.  
That is, using EDNS0 is a good idea, but hardly a requirement.

-- 
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com> 
Sr. Engineer    Verisign Applied Research




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In <20040906193031.16757.qmail@tom.iecc.com> John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> writes:

>
> [proposed alternative to the PRA deleted]
>
> If there's interest in this, I'd be happy to help write it up as an
> I-D.  [...]


As much as I would love to discuss this, the co-chairs are repeatedly
asked us to not discuss alternative proposals until such time as we
are finished working on the current I-Ds.  I realize this puts us in
somewhat of a awkward situation, since many people saying, in effect,
that we must go forward with SenderID because it is the only thing
around.


As usual for threads, there has been a certain amount of topic drift,
in this case into the subject of what the PRA and various other
similar algorithms are trying to accomplish.  I think this is an
interesting topic and it isn't clear to me that what the PRA is trying
to accomplish and the "identitity" that it creates is all that useful.
However, I'm not sure that the co-chairs are even interesting in
seeing a drawn out discussion on this either.  I think we were
supposed to discuss that May.

As a result of those discussions back in May, the co-chairs ruled that
we would focus on RFC2821 identities, and the charter says that
discussions of other identities would be ruled out of order.



-wayne



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Matthias Leisi
> Sent: Monday, September 06, 2004 3:30 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: [DEPLOY] General Issue w/ISPs blocking Port 25
>
> Since a few days, I check for SPF records at the MTA, and I noticed one
> particular issue. I'm not sure whether the drafts (-submit) are the
> right place to mention this issue, or whether some BCP would be
> appropriate.
>
> I've encountered a number of ISPs where users are unable to do outbound
> connections with dst port 25, but are limited to the ISPs Smarthost.
> Although I haven't seen it yet, but I suspect that Port 587 as per RFC
> 2476 (Message Submission) may be blocked as well if it's use is adopted
> more widely.
>
> Obviously, that is pretty efficient to stop certain categories of junk
> (-sources), and is generally not an issue, if the Smarthost allows
> arbitrary 821/822 From's.
>
> However, with strict SPF (or SenderId) checking, this /does/ become an
> issue, since a domain owner will most likely not add some random
> Smarthost to the list of designated mailers.
>
> -submitter mentions the use of SUBMIT briefly, but maybe the
> implications of the (how common?) blocking of dst port 25 should be
> mentioned.
>
Is use of SUBMITTER were clarified as I suggested here:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04034.html

Then transparent redirection would no longer be an issue, because the PRA
should be in the domain of the smarthost.  If the smarthost uses a SUBMITTER
from it's domain and an appropriate RFC 2822 header so it validates, the
domain owner you mention doesn't have to worry about this.

Scott Kitterman



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wayne wrote:
> As a result of those discussions back in May, the co-chairs ruled that
> we would focus on RFC2821 identities, and the charter says that
> discussions of other identities would be ruled out of order.
> 

And which exact RFC 2821 identity are we focusing on? Except for 
SUBMITTER I don't see any other one.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: RR sizes, was consensus call of RR prefix
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>EDNS0 (RFC2535) provides a mechanism for sending larger DNS
>transactions over UDP.  RFC3226 (which is also referenced by Sender
>ID) says that EDNS0 implementations MUST allow at least 1220 bytes,
>and SHOULD allow at least 4000 bytes.

An acquaintance who's tried out EDNS0 tells me that it is surprisingly
hard to deploy and has worse interoperation problems than I would have
expected.

The first category of problems is what one might call the braindead
firewall problem -- a whole lot of firewalls know that a DNS packet
can never ever be bigger than 512 bytes, so they throw bigger packets
away.  While there are well-documented configuration fixes for them
all, there are a whole lot of firewalls with this misfeature, to the
extent that the folklore among Windows admins (Windows has a widely
available EDNS0 client) is not to turn on EDNS0.

The second is the probe problem.  An EDNS0 client sends a request with
a pseudo-RR asking for a big response, and then falls back to regular
queries if the server doesn't grok EDNS0.  But servers un-grok EDNS0
in a remarkable number of unfortunate ways, including sending back
responses without the request's sequence number or any other way to
figure out what request it's responding to, or sending no response at
all.  Since the number of EDNS0 servers is small, even with well
behaved servers EDNS0 clients send roughly twice as many requests as
they would otherwise, one to probe and then one to do the actual
request.  Clients can try to keep a cache to remember the results of
prior probes but even that runs into trouble when you have a bunch of
servers responding to the same IP and they're not all the same.

The point of all this is that big responses will continue to be a
problem probably forever.  I think that the way to keep the response
size down is to deploy new RR types as quickly as possiblee.  Prefixes
are less helpful since as soon as you have wildcards (which really do
exist in mail domains) all the records all end up in all the nodes
anyway.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
Information Superhighwayman wanna-be, http://www.johnlevine.com, Mayor
"I shook hands with Senators Dole and Inouye," said Tom, disarmingly.

-- 
John R. Levine, IECC, POB 727, Trumansburg NY 14886 +1 607 330 5711
johnl@iecc.com, Mayor, http://johnlevine.com, 
Member, Provisional board, Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial E-mail



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wayne wrote:
> As a result of those discussions back in May, the co-chairs ruled that
> we would focus on RFC2821 identities, and the charter says that
> discussions of other identities would be ruled out of order.

Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>And which exact RFC 2821 identity are we focusing on? Except for 
>SUBMITTER I don't see any other one.


Wayne mistyped and meant RFC 2822 identities.



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To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
Subject: RE: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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Roy Badami wrote:
> I use the term "envelope sender" to mean the MAIL FROM address.  I
> regard this as common usage.

Dave Crocker wrote:
> that would be fine, except that it is not the semantics of that field,
> and using that term has caused significant confusion.  and all of this
> has been discussed extensively on this list and other.

> the more recent and accurate term that has attained 'common usage' is
> "bounce address".

 (
  "envelope sender" ==
  "envelope from" ==
  "bounce address" ==
  "2821 from" ==
  "821 from" ==
  "MAIL FROM"
 )

I suppose we could argue about semantics and further digress from the MARID
charter, but all of these terms mean the same and are pretty commonly used
("envelope sender" is certainly one of the more common ones and has been in
use for several decades). Search Google Groups if you disagree.

Michael R. Brumm



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In <413D2951.3040300@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> wayne wrote:
>> As a result of those discussions back in May, the co-chairs ruled that
>> we would focus on RFC2821 identities, and the charter says that
>> discussions of other identities would be ruled out of order.
>>
>
> And which exact RFC 2821 identity are we focusing on? Except for
> SUBMITTER I don't see any other one.

Well, SUBMITTER is the explanation that Andy gave me (via personal
email) as to why SenderID and the PRA are 2821 identities.  That
explanation seemed strange to me, but there ya go.

The co-chair ruling on focusing on 2821 identities was posted here:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg01161.html

I've brought this subject up a couple of times before, for example at:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02598.html



-wayne



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Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> Even if there isn't enough time for the lawyers to get back to us, 
> nevertheless an alternative draft without IPR problems should be 
> preferred according to RFC 3668, section 8 unless it is superior:
>
> "  In general, IETF working groups prefer technologies with no known IPR
>    claims or, for technologies with claims against them, an offer of
>    royalty-free licensing. But IETF working groups have the discretion
>    to adopt technology with a commitment of fair and non-discriminatory
>    terms, or even with no licensing commitment, if they feel that this
>    technology is superior enough to alternatives with fewer IPR claims
>    or free licensing to outweigh the potential cost of the licenses.
> "

While IANAL, it could be argued that the Microsoft Sender-ID licence
is not non-discriminatory as it (according to many people here,
including lawyers) discriminates against open-source implementations. 



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Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> Now, I am an SMTP developer and after reading the RFC I want to find out 
> who put the original message into the mail system. In order to determine 
> the actual party who sent the original message according to the RFC I 
> would have to look for the "Sender" field. If it is not present, then 
> the "From" header is used since the RFC states (section 3.6.2) "if the 
> originator of the message can be indicated by a single mailbox and the 
> author and transmitter are identical, the "Sender:" field SHOULD NOT be 
> used." However, since the same RFC states that "Resent" fields are 
> basically the same as the regular "Sender" and "From" fields in cases 
> where the email is forwarded and re-introduced into the email system, I 
> would have to parse "Resent-Sender" first, then "Resent-From", and only 
> after that the regular "Sender" and "From" fields.

And by the same RFC, some of the situations which some discussion on
this last has suggested that Resent-* headers might be inserted (by
the MTA) are not valid usage of those fields. If the mail is
originally addressed to me@alumni.org and is then forwarded to my
"real" address me@example.com, then it is valid for alumni.org to add
Resent-* headers. But if example.com sends mail via an ISP or MSP
isp.com then it is not valid (as some have suggested here to enable
the PRA to match) for isp.com to add Resent-* headers to all outgoing
mail from its customers.



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wayne wrote:
> Well, SUBMITTER is the explanation that Andy gave me (via personal
> email) as to why SenderID and the PRA are 2821 identities.  That
> explanation seemed strange to me, but there ya go.

Bah! If so, that's a pretty *interesting* interpretation; interesting as in
"I disagree".

wayne wrote:
> The co-chair ruling on focusing on 2821 identities was posted here:
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg01161.html
>
> I've brought this subject up a couple of times before, for example at:
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02598.html

Hmmm, I thought the ruling had been changed to use 2822 identities in order
to allow this wonderful collaboration that is SenderID... Thanks for the
background information.

Michael R. Brumm



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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 07:08 +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
> And by the same RFC, some of the situations which some discussion on
> this last has suggested that Resent-* headers might be inserted (by
> the MTA) are not valid usage of those fields. If the mail is
> originally addressed to me@alumni.org and is then forwarded to my
> "real" address me@example.com, then it is valid for alumni.org to add
> Resent-* headers. 

Says Â§3.6.6 of RFC2822:

   "Resent fields SHOULD be added to any message that is reintroduced by
   a user into the transport system."

Note 'by a user'. This implies that it shouldn't be done when the
message is forwarded automatically. But there's no need for inference --
it's made quite explicit a couple of paragraphs further down:

   "Note: Reintroducing a message into the transport system and using
   resent fields is a different operation from "forwarding".
   "Forwarding" has two meanings: One sense of forwarding is...
             <...irrelevant to us right now ...>     
                               ...On the other hand, forwarding is also
   used to mean when a mail transport program gets a message and
   forwards it on to a different destination for final delivery.  Resent
   header fields are not intended for use with either type of
   forwarding."

It is _not_ valid for 'alumni.org' to add Resent-* headers when
forwarding mail to your current address.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:
>
> The (2821 MAIL FROM) bounce address is irrelevant? This seems absurd
> considering how many bounces (containing spam and viruses) I get for
> messages I never sent.

If you want to solve that problem set up something like BATV.
Sender-ID and SPF do not solve the backscatter problem; at best
they might ameliorate it.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SELSEY BILL TO LYME REGIS: EAST OR NORTHEAST 5 OR 6. FAIR. GOOD OR MODERATE.
MODERATE TO ROUGH.



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On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
>
> I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
> address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
> means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
> inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
> false rejections.

What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
view?

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
FAIR ISLE: WESTERLY BACKING SOUTHERLY 3 OR 4, OCCASIONALLY 5 AT FIRST. FAIR.
GOOD.



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Secttion 7.2 recommends a use of the Resent-From: header field in direct
contradiction to RFC 2822, which describes how those fields are currently
used.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
COLWYN BAY TO THE MULL OF GALLOWAY INCLUDING THE ISLE OF MAN: EAST 3 OR 4.
FAIR. GOOD. SLIGHT.



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The draft does not specify whether 822 or 2822 semantics should be
followed when adding Resent- header fields when forwarding a message.
Should existing Resent- fields be removed or renamed or retained? Should
the new fields be added amongst the trace fields or after the trace
fields?

What are the interoperability implications of either choice?

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
MULL OF KINTYRE TO ARDNAMURCHAN POINT: SOUTHEAST 3. FAIR. GOOD. SLIGHT TO
MODERATE.



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It is not clear how alias-forwarders are supposed to handle messages with
multiple recipients. When handling such a message, Exim and some other
MTAs will determine the final alias destination(s) of all addresses in the
recipient list before delivery starts, so that only one copy of the
message needs to be sent to each destination host.

Say for example a message is sent to two addresses at an alumni forwarding
service: fanf2@alumni.cam.ac.uk, abc123@alumni.cam.ac.uk. If both of these
addresses happen to forward to the same place, say dot@dotat.at and
abc123@dotat.at, then the alumni.cam.ac.uk system will want to send one
copy of the message to the dotat.at system with multiple recipients. What
address should it use in the Resent-From: header? It can't use both
addresses, because then it would have to add a Resent-Sender: header and
we get back to the original question (and anyway the draft doesn't allow
for alias-forwarders to add a Resent-Sender: header).

Perhaps the forwarder should just use mailer-daemon@alumni.cam.ac.uk
as the Resent-From: address on all messages it handles?

The problem is more tricky of the forwarder is dealing with multiple
virtual domains. The central email relay of the University of Cambridge
(known as ppsw.cam.ac.uk) handles over 150 virtual mail domains. Which
domain should it use in the Resent-From: address when a message was
originally sent to addresses in two different domains which alias-forward
to the same domain? Since ppsw.cam.ac.uk is a valid mail domain used only
for operational purposes, perhaps it should just add Resent-From:
mailer-daemon@ppsw.cam.ac.uk to all messages it handles?

Note that this would not do anything to protect the mail domains that are
actually used by our users!

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
BISCAY: EAST OR NORTHEAST 5 OR 6, OCCASIONALLY 7 IN NORTH. THUNDERY SHOWERS.
MODERATE OR GOOD.



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Section 7.2 says:

   Some of today's forwarders already add an appropriate header
   (although many of them use Sender rather than Resent-From.)

This is completely incorrect. Most alias-forwarders add nothing. Some add
a non-standard and undocumented header.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
RATTRAY HEAD TO BERWICK ON TWEED: VARIABLE BECOMING EAST OR SOUTHEAST 3 OR 4.
FAIR. GOOD. SLIGHT.



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7.4 Third-Party Mailers: "third-part" should be "third-party" (missing y).

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
CAPE WRATH TO RATTRAY HEAD INCLUDING ORKNEY: SOUTH OR SOUTHEAST 3. FAIR. GOOD.
SLIGHT TO MODERATE.



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   This document describes a mechanism such that receiving MTAs, MDAs
   and/or MUAs can recognize [forged] mail

Sender-ID can only reliably identify unforged email. It cannot reliably
identify forged email, because it falsely rejects legitimate email if it
has been alias-forwarded, or if it was sent by a roaming user.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SELSEY BILL TO LYME REGIS: EAST OR NORTHEAST 5 OR 6. FAIR. GOOD OR MODERATE.
MODERATE TO ROUGH.



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        ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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>>>>> "Yakov" == Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

    >> The above algorithm makes no sense to me.  The fact that
    >> someone has used it for something in the past is not a
    >> justification for using it here.
    >> 

    Yakov> I will agree with you that it will not sufficient for our
    Yakov> purposes where we care about the original party who put the
    Yakov> email into the email system, not the original author of the
    Yakov> message, but it might be good enough for prior art.

No.  I mean it simply makes no sense.  Since the from field in
mandatory, the algorithm will never proceed beyond step 2.  Steps 3 to
5 will only ever be reached if the message is malformed.

  -roy



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On Mon, Sep 06, 2004 at 09:32:39PM -0400,
 Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote 
 a message of 49 lines which said:

> Now if all of this is stated in the RFC directly, what exactly is
> the IPR that is being claimed here? This seems to me explicit in the
> RFC itself.

We all agree that the patent claim from Microsoft is almost certainly
obvious / frivolous / invalid. Almost all software patents
are. Microsoft is not known for interesting contributions to computer
science, only for massive patent filing (see
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=/netahtml/srchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6,775,781.WKU.&OS=PN/6,775,781&RS=PN/6,775,781
which basically patents every program like sudo or calife).

But it does not solve the issue: should we take the risk? Should we
move to the standards track with such a threat, which will probably
deter many people?

An individual outside of the US (software patents are still illegal in
Europe, see http://swpat.ffii.org/) can do it (I did it in
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03656.html, a message
which certainly infringes Microsoft ridiculous IPR claims). But most
organizations will not.




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On Sep 6, 2004, at 10:43 PM, wayne wrote:

> As much as I would love to discuss this, the co-chairs are repeatedly
> asked us to not discuss alternative proposals until such time as we
> are finished working on the current I-Ds.

Wayne,

Is your proposal a different algorithm for using the headers?  Or is it 
more than that?

-andy



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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> On Mon, Sep 06, 2004 at 09:32:39PM -0400,
>  Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote 
>  a message of 49 lines which said:
> 
> 
>>Now if all of this is stated in the RFC directly, what exactly is
>>the IPR that is being claimed here? This seems to me explicit in the
>>RFC itself.
> 
> 
> We all agree that the patent claim from Microsoft is almost certainly
> obvious / frivolous / invalid. Almost all software patents
> are. Microsoft is not known for interesting contributions to computer
> science, only for massive patent filing (see
> http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=/netahtml/srchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6,775,781.WKU.&OS=PN/6,775,781&RS=PN/6,775,781
> which basically patents every program like sudo or calife).
> 
> But it does not solve the issue: should we take the risk? Should we
> move to the standards track with such a threat, which will probably
> deter many people?
> 

In the past there have been at least two cases where a WG moved ahead 
with the standard and disregarded the IPR claims as frivilious: IDN and 
Walid patent, and IPSec and UUNet's patent. Therefore, one optionl could 
be to consider the IPR claims as meanigless, especially in light of 
prior art, and move on.

Of course, that only works if deployment is not hindered. Based on the 
Apache and Debian statements, as well as others, it may be too late for 
that.

Yakov



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On Tue, Sep 07, 2004 at 12:18:16PM +0100,
 Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote 
 a message of 13 lines which said:

> Sender-ID can only reliably identify unforged email. It cannot
> reliably identify forged email, because it falsely rejects
> legitimate email if it has been alias-forwarded, or if it was sent
> by a roaming user.

I suggest to elaborate a bit. SenderID is not SPF and has better
features to deal with alias-forwarded messages (submitter, PRA). 




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On Tue, Sep 07, 2004 at 11:16:10AM +0100,
 Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote 
 a message of 14 lines which said:

> This is completely incorrect. Most alias-forwarders add
> nothing. Some add a non-standard and undocumented header.

Does anyone has a comprehensive list of major MTAs' behaviour?

For instance (just tested):

Postfix 2.1 with ".forward" : adds a Delivered-To (not mentioned in
RFC 2822) but no Resent-something



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Tony Finch wrote:

> On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
> 
>>I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
>>address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
>>means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
>>inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
>>false rejections.
> 
> 
> What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
> view?
> 

The PRA algorithm tries to guess the most recent "Sender" for the 
message - i.e. the one that is being used for this SMTP hop. The bounce 
address on the other hand originates from the original hop and stays 
that way throughout multiple SMTP hops.

Two related points I want to stress as well:
1. The verification is no longer being done on bounce address, that 
would mean that domains are not protected from bounces. In a case where 
multiple SMTP hops take place with non-compliant MTAs, and the last hop 
using a compliant MTA, the bounces will be directed to the original 
domain, even though it is using Sender ID.
2. The "Sender" header is being verified over the "From" header. While 
according to the RFC that is the agent introducing the message into the 
email system, the "Sender" header is not displayed in MUAs. Therefore, 
in a compliant MTA but non-compliant MUA, it is still possible to fool 
the system by using a valid "Sender" header with fake "From" headers.

Yakov



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On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Tony Finch wrote:
> > On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
> >
> > > I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
> > > address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
> > > means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
> > > inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
> > > false rejections.
> >
> > What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
> > view?
>
> The PRA algorithm tries to guess the most recent "Sender" for the message -
> i.e. the one that is being used for this SMTP hop. The bounce address on the
> other hand originates from the original hop and stays that way throughout
> multiple SMTP hops.

This is also true for the PRA, since no existing MTAs add Resent-From:
header fields when alias-forwarding.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
DOGGER: NORTHEAST 4 OR 5. FAIR. GOOD.



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 "Yakov Shafranovich" commented:
>
> Tony Finch wrote:
>
> > On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
> >
> >>I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
> >>address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
> >>means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
> >>inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
> >>false rejections.
> >
> >
> > What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
> > view?
> >
>
> The PRA algorithm tries to guess the most recent "Sender" for the
> message - i.e. the one that is being used for this SMTP hop. The bounce
> address on the other hand originates from the original hop and stays
> that way throughout multiple SMTP hops.
>
> Two related points I want to stress as well:
> 1. The verification is no longer being done on bounce address, that
> would mean that domains are not protected from bounces. In a case where
> multiple SMTP hops take place with non-compliant MTAs, and the last hop
> using a compliant MTA, the bounces will be directed to the original
> domain, even though it is using Sender ID.


Or directed to whatever address was given in the Mail-From (which need not be
related to the actual origin of the message). It could be intended that the
bounce (perhaps with malicious content) be sent to the 'victim' identified in
the Mail-From, and an additional 'benefit' of the intentional bounce is that the
reputation of the 'final hop', Sender-ID-compliant node, or of the one before
it, might thereby be damaged.


> 2. The "Sender" header is being verified over the "From" header. While
> according to the RFC that is the agent introducing the message into the
> email system, the "Sender" header is not displayed in MUAs. Therefore,
> in a compliant MTA but non-compliant MUA, it is still possible to fool
> the system by using a valid "Sender" header with fake "From" headers.
>
> Yakov
>
>
>

Chris Haynes




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In <0AEC9791-00CD-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> On Sep 6, 2004, at 10:43 PM, wayne wrote:
>
>> As much as I would love to discuss this, the co-chairs are repeatedly
>> asked us to not discuss alternative proposals until such time as we
>> are finished working on the current I-Ds.
>
> Wayne,
>
> Is your proposal a different algorithm for using the headers?  Or is
> it more than that?


It is a fair amount different than either the PRA or the fetchmail
algorithms.  I believe that protecting the From: header is *CRITICAL*
because it is the only thing that is usually shown by MUAs that are
out in the field today and that is what is needed to stop phishing.
As such, the only header that is checked is the From: header.

As has been pointed out many times, in a (vast?) majority of cases,
email is one hop, person to person, where the 2821.MAILFROM is the
same as the 2822.From:.  I such cases, there is no reason to check
anything other than that single email address and SenderID is already
the same as SPF-classic.

In the cases where the 2821.MAILFROM is not the same as the
2822.From:, most of it is due to some sort of forwarding/redirection
that the end user receiving the email has set up.  For example,
mailing lists and things like acm.org.  In almost all cases, it is
easy to identify something to whitelist on.  Many times, the end user
will not even need tell a spam filter/MUA about it, it can be
automatically determined.

My ideas about this stuff is actually heavily based on the way
SpamAssassin does its auto-whitelists.


There are cases that my method doesn't work very well on.  For
example, if a company outsources their email for things like customer
web orders and wants a different 2821.MAILFROM vs the 2821.From:, then
there is nothing to whitelist on.  I such cases, the company and ESP
will need to depend on an accreditation system.  Or, they could rework
how they are doing things so that the From: header will authenticate.

Also, stuff that is BCC'ed may need to fall back to far less reliable
things like the HELO domain.  The many different and ever-changing
list of valid HELO domains, however, can usually be collected via
normal traffic, so an automated system could detect such cases.


My hurriedly authored I-D can be found at:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-schlitt-marid-spf-from-hdr-00.txt

(This was supposed to be part of the Unified-SPF collection of I-Ds,
but I didn't get word from Meng not to submit it until too late.)


-wayne






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On Monday, September 06, 2004 2:39 PM, Chris Haynes
[mailto:chris@harvington.org.uk] wrote:

> "Harry Katz" helpfully stated:
> 
> <snip>
> >
> > Our IPR disclosure filed with the IETF and available at 
> > http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/microsoft-ipr-draft-ietf-marid-core.txt

> > is quite specific and covers the marid-core and marid-pra specs used

> > in combination.  That's all.  We do not, to the best of my
knowledge, 
> > have any IPR claims related to either marid-protocol, which
describes 
> > the SPF2 record format, or marid-submitter.

> Harry,
> 
> In a discussion elsewhere there has been uncertainty as to 
> the exact meaning and implications of the phrase 'used in 
> combination' in your statement below.
> 
> If you were able to confirm that the Microsoft disclosure / 
> IPR claims do not cover the marid-core spec. taken in 
> isolation, that would be extremely helpful and could allay 
> some people's concerns.
> 
> Chris Haynes

Confirmed. 
 



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Subject: Re: TECH OMISSION: Stronger checks against email forgery
References: <81AC085044D04B429F5FB883D94FA1AF8FAFD1@df-fido-msg.exchange.corp.microsoft.com> <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409071025570.16829@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk> <413DBAE7.1030504@solidmatrix.com> <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409071448560.16829@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk>
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Tony Finch wrote:

> On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
>>Tony Finch wrote:
>>
>>>On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
>>>>address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
>>>>means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
>>>>inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
>>>>false rejections.
>>>
>>>What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
>>>view?
>>
>>The PRA algorithm tries to guess the most recent "Sender" for the message -
>>i.e. the one that is being used for this SMTP hop. The bounce address on the
>>other hand originates from the original hop and stays that way throughout
>>multiple SMTP hops.
> 
> 
> This is also true for the PRA, since no existing MTAs add Resent-From:
> header fields when alias-forwarding.
> 

I think we are going in circles. Validating the bounce address only 
prevents false bounces but allows phishing, validating "Sender" does not 
stop phishing but allows bounces plus does not take into account 
forwarding, validating the "from" headers stops phishing but allows 
bounces. Which one of these do we really want?

Yakov



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[Yakov Shafranovich]
> 2. The "Sender" header is being verified over the "From" 
> header. While according to the RFC that is the agent 
> introducing the message into the email system, the 
> "Sender" header is not displayed in MUAs.

This may be one of the rare cases where Microsoft MUAs are "more RFC
compliant" than most others; Outlook 2000 and newer do in fact show a
message with a Sender header as "From <sender header> on behalf of <from
header>".

But then again, even the latest Outlook 2003SP1/ Outlook Express
versions do *not* handle the "resent-from" and "resent-sender" headers
that are part of the Microsoft PRA algorithm (and RFC-2822). Obviously,
MS will change this in future versions of their MUAs, but as it stands
now, sender ID will not be very effective at preventing phishing and
other types of forgery. (Outlook Express doesn't appear to do anything
with even the "Sender" header, in any version I've tried).

I always thought that rewriting the RFC-2822 "From" header at the MDA to
show the PRA in some fashion should be a MAY or SHOULD action in the
Sender-ID spec, to handle legacy MUAs that don't show the PRA fields to
the user.

--
Ryan



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Ryan Malayter wrote:

> [Yakov Shafranovich]
> 
>>2. The "Sender" header is being verified over the "From" 
>>header. While according to the RFC that is the agent 
>>introducing the message into the email system, the 
>>"Sender" header is not displayed in MUAs.
> 
> 
> This may be one of the rare cases where Microsoft MUAs are "more RFC
> compliant" than most others; Outlook 2000 and newer do in fact show a
> message with a Sender header as "From <sender header> on behalf of <from
> header>".
> 

Is that majority of the installed base? And even if it, if we are 
worried about broken Microsoft DNS servers which are a minority, then 
for sure we should worry about broken MUAs as well which are a minority.

Yakov



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Good catch!  Thanks. 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org 
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Matthias Leisi
> Sent: Monday, September 06, 2004 12:32 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: [DOCBUG] -submitter, 5.3
> 
> 
> [I'm not sure whether I have overlooked this already being posted]
> 
> -submitter, Section 5.3 Mobile User:
> 
> |   Here is an example of the SMTP session between the MTAs at
> |   consolidatedmessanger.net and almamater.edu.example.
> |
> |      S: 220 almamater.edu.example ESMTP server ready
> |      C: EHLO mobile.net.example
> 
> "consolidatemessanger.net" should probably be "mobile.net.example".
> 
> -- Matthias
> 
> -- 
> Brain-Log                               http://matthias.leisi.net/
> 
> 



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Subject: Re: TECH OMISSION: Stronger checks against email forgery
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On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
> I think we are going in circles.

You are missing my point, which is that Jim Lyon's justification is
incorrect. The PRA is not significantly better correlated with the
originating MTA than the bounce address.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LANDS END TO ST DAVIDS HEAD INCLUDING THE BRISTOL CHANNEL: NORTHEAST VEERING
EAST 4 OR 5, OCCASIONALLY 6 IN SOUTH. FAIR. MODERATE OR GOOD. SLIGHT OR
MODERATE.



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Tony Finch wrote:
> On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
>>I think we are going in circles.
> 
> 
> You are missing my point, which is that Jim Lyon's justification is
> incorrect. The PRA is not significantly better correlated with the
> originating MTA than the bounce address.
> 

No I got you, I agree with you actually assuming that your comment about 
the forwarding behavior is correct. I was referring to the WG in 
general. I think the current identity has its issues, and all of the 
alternatives have issues as well.

Yakov



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A question about IETF process:

On September 3, 2004 Andrew Newton wrote to the members of the
IETF MARID WG via the 'ietf-mxcomp' list, on behalf of the
WG co-chairs (Marshall T. Rose, Andrew Newton)

   "... We ask that all participants respond to these
    messages without regard to the IPR issue now before
    the working group..." [1]

Question:

Are IETF WG chairs empowered under IETF rules to require that
a technical proposal/issue be [considered and] responded to "without
regard" to IPR concerns that WG members might have, viz.,
with regard to a particular IPR declaration and/or with regard
to IPR concerns in general?

It is not clear whether the language "We ask" might be (A) a
polite request or recommendation, or whether it could also
be (B) an instruction based upon the authority of the chair to
so restrict contributed responses on the WG list, backed by
sanctions.  [IEEE has the latter, as I understand its WG rules.]

Thanks,
Robin Cover

[1] http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04201.html



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Subject: RE: DOC-BUG: Terminology: Purported Responsible Address
Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 10:35:33 -0700
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Thread-Topic: DOC-BUG: Terminology: Purported Responsible Address
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On Saturday, September 04, 2004 2:07 PM, Roy Badami wrote:

> >>>>> "mazieres" ==   <mazieres@gmail.com> writes:
> 
>     mazieres> I think the term Primary would be unfortunate, because
>     mazieres> in a lot of settings, the PRA doesn't really equate to
>     mazieres> people's intuitive notion of primary address.
> 
> Agreed; it was just the best I could come up with that kept 
> the acronym PRA (not that that's essential)
> 
>     mazieres> How about "Preceding Responsible Address" or better
>     mazieres> "Previous Responsible Address."
> 
> I like both of those.
> 
> Ultimately it's just a name, and I don't _really_ care what 
> it is.  I can happily live with 'purported responsible 
> address' as long as we accept that it is simply the name for 
> this identity, and not just a term we use to refer to an (as 
> yet unnamed) underlying concept when we're unsure of its accuracy.
> 
>        -roy

In that case, I suggest we leave the name unchanged.  I think the
current name is reasonably accurate and I don't see much  value in
changing it. 

Thanks.



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Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR (-core): misuse of Resent- fields
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On Tuesday, September 07, 2004 2:31 AM, Tony Finch wrote:

> Secttion 7.2 recommends a use of the Resent-From: header 
> field in direct contradiction to RFC 2822, which describes 
> how those fields are currently used.
> 
> Tony.

This was discussed way back in April.  See my post of 4/20/2004 at
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg00950.html.  I've
extracted the relevent portion below:

[snip]
Unfortunately, the RFC is by no means clear on this point.  In fact it's
quite ambiguous.  

First the RFC states that Resent- headers SHOULD be added whenever a
user "reintroduces" a message into the transport system, without clearly
defining what "reintroduces" means or how it occurs.  Now presumably
under circumstances of some description, having seen a message delivered
into my inbox I can press a hypothetical 'reintroduce' button (if not,
then what are the headers for?). Having just received the message (so
the original recipient has seen final delivery), the reintroduction must
be headed for some other location; it must be a "forward" by *some*
definition of the word.

The RFC also talks about the "user" reintroducing the message without
specifying which piece of software is acting on the user's behalf.  The
key point is this: if it's OK (indeed recommended) to add these headers
when a human "reintroduces" a message into the transport stream, surely
it's OK for an automated agent to do that on a user's behalf.  

It boils down to the fact that the language quoted is not consistent: it
says use the headers, but not with "forwarding" (without defining the
term) yet clearly their only utility  is in conjunction with forwarding
by any reasonable definition of the word.

Lastly, the RFC states that Resent- headers are not "intended" for use
in some types of forwarding, but *does not* prescribe that they MUST NOT
be used in this way.  

Thus, we believe our proposed use of Resent- headers is indeed
permissible.  I would further suggest, given the threat posed to email
by the spam crisis, that this would be an "opportune moment" to broaden
the "intended" use of these fields. 



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On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Harry Katz wrote:
>
> Unfortunately, the RFC is by no means clear on this point.  In fact it's
> quite ambiguous.

I disagree.

> Now presumably under circumstances of some description, having seen a
> message delivered into my inbox I can press a hypothetical 'reintroduce'
> button (if not, then what are the headers for?).

It's not hypothetical: Pine has such a function (which it confusingly
calls "bounce"). We use it quite frequently to resend a message to the
address it should have been sent to in the first place (e.g. from the
webmaster team to the postmaster team).

> It boils down to the fact that the language quoted is not consistent: it
> says use the headers, but not with "forwarding" (without defining the
> term) yet clearly their only utility  is in conjunction with forwarding
> by any reasonable definition of the word.

It has a whole paragraph dedicated to defining the two usual meanings of
forwarding, viz. encapsulation forwarding (using the MIME type
message/rfc822 or non-MIME encapsulation in the body of the new message)
and alias forwarding (as implemented by the Sieve redirect command and the
Unix .forward and /etc/aliases files). "Reintroduction" is explicitly
defined to be neither of these actions, whether or not you think it is a
kind of forwarding.

It is unfortunate that most of the terminology in this area is ambiguous,
and this is not helped by willful misinterpretation of a document that is
trying to be clear about which meaning is intended.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
WHITBY TO THE WASH: NORTHEAST VEERING EAST 4 OR 5. FAIR. GOOD. SLIGHT OR
MODERATE.



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Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR (-core): misuse of Resent- fields
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From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: "Tony Finch" <dot@dotat.at>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Tuesday, September 07, 2004 10:47 AM, Tony Finch
[mailto:fanf2@hermes.cam.ac.uk] wrote:

> It is unfortunate that most of the terminology in this area 
> is ambiguous, and this is not helped by willful 
> misinterpretation of a document that is trying to be clear 
> about which meaning is intended.

I agree the terminology is ambiguous.  I disagree that we're engaging in
"willful misinterpretation".  A somewhat broader interpretation perhaps,
but one which both is reasonable and useful under the circumstances.  



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Subject: Re: TECH OMISSION: Stronger checks against email forgery
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>, Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 09:38, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Tony Finch wrote:
> > On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >> Tony Finch wrote:
> >>> On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
> >>>
> >>>> I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
> >>>> address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
> >>>> means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
> >>>> inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
> >>>> false rejections.
> >>>
> >>> What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
> >>> view?
> >>
> >> The PRA algorithm tries to guess the most recent "Sender" for the message -
> >> i.e. the one that is being used for this SMTP hop. The bounce address on the
> >> other hand originates from the original hop and stays that way throughout
> >> multiple SMTP hops.
> > 
> > This is also true for the PRA, since no existing MTAs add Resent-From:
> > header fields when alias-forwarding.
> 
> I think we are going in circles. Validating the bounce address only 
> prevents false bounces but allows phishing, validating "Sender" does not 
> stop phishing but allows bounces plus does not take into account 
> forwarding, validating the "from" headers stops phishing but allows 
> bounces. Which one of these do we really want?

Sender-ID is selecting a Mailbox Domain from a series of headers
considered related to the most recent MTA outside of the recipients
administrative region.  Sender-ID header selection prioritizes RFC2822
>From as _last_ in the selection process.  This selection process
attempts to reduce rejection rates, but is no better at stopping
phishing as a result.  At least using MAIL FROM, there will be a better
understanding which header is being inspected. 

Rather than devising a scheme that can safely treat a relationship of
the MTA to Mailbox Domains for From and MAIL FROM as nominal lists, the
attempt to use these lists to also authorize the MTA creates
incompatibility and vulnerability to attack.  Although these Mailbox
Domain lists may color mail with respect to certainty, they will remain
at a weak level of certainty, even after removing Mailbox Domain
portability.  Tony was right in that Sender-ID can not identify forged
messages, nor can Sender-ID reliably identify valid messages.  

The MTA must be authenticated independent of these nominal Mailbox
Domain lists in order to establish a reliable name for reputation
assertions.  Another major benefit in isolating MTA authentication from
Mailbox Domain relationships, is that this greatly simplifies
associating Mailbox Domains with MTA servers.  With an MTA name, an MTA
address list is not needed.  With an MTA name, a secondary lookup for
addresses is not needed to validate the Mailbox Domain.  With an MTA
name, these Mailbox Domain relationships can be expressed within a
single DNS lookup without the use of a text script!

By making MTA authentication independent of the Mailbox Domain
relationships, those wishing to retain their freedom in the use of their
return mailbox address will not impact MTA authentication and reputation
checks.  Those not declaring these nominative lists to be comprehensive,
do not offer an avenue where "open-ended" records become exploited by
spammers.

A real danger with Sender-ID, in addition to making the MTA prone to
attack, is created by false expectations the headers are reliably
checked.  This will only lead spammers to exploit the many Sender-ID
weaknesses.  What is needed is a lightweight method of authenticating
the MTA, where other relationships are then established upon this
relatively solid foundation.  Sender-ID does not offer a suitable
foundation, as it is premised upon the integrity of the RFC2822
information which can not be verified.  If there is a problem, Sender-ID
fails to isolate the source of the problem.  If there is a problem,
Sender-ID may mis-identify the sender and cause serious harm.

-Doug



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Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 12:03:35 -0700
To: Robin Cover <robin@oasis-open.org>, ipr-wg@ietf.org
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To clarify further, the chairs have asked the working group to
respond to a specific set of consensus calls on technical matters
related to a specification in an extended working group last
call.  They have _not_ asked the working group not to consider
IPR issues as a whole; there is a lively discussion of that within
the working group.  This is a tool to make it easier to pull
the threads of conversation apart, and it is sorely needed in
a working group as active as MARID.  They have similarly
asked folks to preface email messages in the working group
last call with topic prefixes like: DEPLOY, TECH-OMISSION,
and DOC-BUG.

As the AD for this group, I was informed in advance of their
intention to use these tools to focus discussion, and I agree
that they are needed.  I do not believe that they in any way
have prevented folks from discussing the IPR issue; they are
simply ways to keep conversational flow on technical topics
going.
		regards,
			Ted Hardie
			co-Area Director, Applications

At 1:55 PM -0400 9/7/04, Robin Cover wrote:
>A question about IETF process:
>
>On September 3, 2004 Andrew Newton wrote to the members of the
>IETF MARID WG via the 'ietf-mxcomp' list, on behalf of the
>WG co-chairs (Marshall T. Rose, Andrew Newton)
>
>    "... We ask that all participants respond to these
>     messages without regard to the IPR issue now before
>     the working group..." [1]
>
>Question:
>
>Are IETF WG chairs empowered under IETF rules to require that
>a technical proposal/issue be [considered and] responded to "without
>regard" to IPR concerns that WG members might have, viz.,
>with regard to a particular IPR declaration and/or with regard
>to IPR concerns in general?
>
>It is not clear whether the language "We ask" might be (A) a
>polite request or recommendation, or whether it could also
>be (B) an instruction based upon the authority of the chair to
>so restrict contributed responses on the WG list, backed by
>sanctions.  [IEEE has the latter, as I understand its WG rules.]
>
>Thanks,
>Robin Cover
>
>[1] http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04201.html



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> BTW - I now support that both TXT and SPF RR records be done 
> in SRV way:
>  _smtp._tcp.example.com.  IN   TXT   "SPF2.0/PRA ..."
>  _smtp._tcp.example.com.  IN   SPF   "SPF2.0/PRA ..."

I would support this as well. 

What we have here is a set of policy extensions that are bound
to ONE protocol. Over time all protocols are going to require
a similar mechanism to allow them to advertise their security 
policy.

If we define the special case we will inevitably end up defining
the general case in due course, sure as SRV followed MX.

	Phill



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Tony Finch wrote:

>>Now presumably under circumstances of some description, having seen a
>>message delivered into my inbox I can press a hypothetical 'reintroduce'
>>button (if not, then what are the headers for?).
>>    
>>
>It's not hypothetical: Pine has such a function (which it confusingly
>calls "bounce"). We use it quite frequently to resend a message to the
>address it should have been sent to in the first place (e.g. from the
>webmaster team to the postmaster team).
>
FWIW, Apple's OS X client has the same feature, called "Redirect." It 
sets Resent-Date, -From, -To, and -Message-ID correctly.

I thought it was alreadly widely understood that Sender-ID violates the 
RFC2822 defined semantics for Resent-From ?

<csg>



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Harry Katz wrote:
> On Tuesday, September 07, 2004 10:47 AM, Tony Finch
> [mailto:fanf2@hermes.cam.ac.uk] wrote:
> 
> 
>>It is unfortunate that most of the terminology in this area 
>>is ambiguous, and this is not helped by willful 
>>misinterpretation of a document that is trying to be clear 
>>about which meaning is intended.
> 
> 
> I agree the terminology is ambiguous.  I disagree that we're engaging in
> "willful misinterpretation".  A somewhat broader interpretation perhaps,
> but one which both is reasonable and useful under the circumstances.  
> 

Harry,

I would suggest that marid-core adds a note pointing to the approriate 
section in RFC 2822 stating that the draft is modifying the behavior 
suggested in the RFC and that RFC 2822 is being ambigious.

BTW, Pete Resnick is lurking here so we can ask him straight out. In 
particular the following message suggests that Harry may be right 
(http://archives.listbox.com/spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com/200406/0952.html):

"It says that the Resent- headers are for MUA resending, not for MUA 
encapsulated-message forwarding and not for /etc/aliases or .forward
forwarding. Read the paragraph starting "Note:" in section 3.6.6 of RFC
2822.

In one of the IETF jabber sessions, I raised this very point. See the
the 15:58:43 entry of:
http://www.xmpp.org/ietf-logs/marid@ietf.xmpp.org/2004-04-19.html
(I've included a copy of this part of the log at the end of this post)

After the jabber session I asked Pete Resnick, the editor of RFC2822
to clarify the issue. He said that when RFC2822 was written, the
language about forwarders was intended to be about .forward files.
Further, he said, now that the spam discussion has been raised, some
consider forwarding services, such as pobox.com, to be gateways rather
than forwarders. That is, the email is coming out of the transport
system and being re-introduced, just like a mailing list.
"

See that entire message.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: TECH OMISSION: Stronger checks against email forgery
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Douglas Otis wrote:
> On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 09:38, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
>>Tony Finch wrote:
>>
>>>On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>>
>>>>Tony Finch wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
>>>>>>address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
>>>>>>means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
>>>>>>inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
>>>>>>false rejections.
>>>>>
>>>>>What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
>>>>>view?
>>>>
>>>>The PRA algorithm tries to guess the most recent "Sender" for the message -
>>>>i.e. the one that is being used for this SMTP hop. The bounce address on the
>>>>other hand originates from the original hop and stays that way throughout
>>>>multiple SMTP hops.
>>>
>>>This is also true for the PRA, since no existing MTAs add Resent-From:
>>>header fields when alias-forwarding.
>>
>>I think we are going in circles. Validating the bounce address only 
>>prevents false bounces but allows phishing, validating "Sender" does not 
>>stop phishing but allows bounces plus does not take into account 
>>forwarding, validating the "from" headers stops phishing but allows 
>>bounces. Which one of these do we really want?
> 
> 
> Sender-ID is selecting a Mailbox Domain from a series of headers
> considered related to the most recent MTA outside of the recipients
> administrative region.  Sender-ID header selection prioritizes RFC2822
>>From as _last_ in the selection process.  This selection process
> attempts to reduce rejection rates, but is no better at stopping
> phishing as a result.  At least using MAIL FROM, there will be a better
> understanding which header is being inspected. 
> 

Aren't we basically trying to deduce the "mailbox of the agent 
responsible for the actual transmission of the message". Basically you 
want to know who was the original agent or "Sender" was that put that 
email into the email system. To me it sounds like the original 
"purpotable responsible address" is the same as guessing "the agent 
responsible for the actual transmission of the message"?

If so, RFC 2822, section 3.6.2, is very clear that the "Sender" field 
indicates that. That's step 3 in PRA. However, the same RFC states in 
section 3.6.2 "If the originator of the message can be indicated by a 
single mailbox and the author and transmitter are identical, the 
"Sender:" field SHOULD NOT be used". That's step 4 of PRA. The PRA draft 
states explicetely that those 2 steps are taken directly from RFC 2822 
(don't see any IPR).

Now for the resent blocks, the same RFC in section 3.6.6 states that the 
"Resent-XXX" fields are simply placeholders for previous versions of the 
same "Sender" and "From" fields. Therefore, there is a preference for 
"Resent-Sender" just like there is a preference for "Sender" described 
above. That's why steps 1-2 come before 3-4, and step 1 comes before 
step 2 (still no IPR).

Now the interesting part here is deciding how to pick the proper 
"Resent" header. The PRA algorithm picks the first "Resent-Sender" 
unless there is a "Resent-From" before with "Return-Path" or "Received" 
in between. The RFC states that:
A. "Resent fields SHOULD be added to any message that is reintroduced by 
  a user into the transport system."
B. "A separate set of resent fields SHOULD be added each time this is done."
C. "All of the resent fields corresponding to a particular resending of 
the message SHOULD be together."
D. "Each new set of resent fields is prepended to the message; that is, 
the most recent set of resent fields appear earlier in the message."

Picking the earliest Resent block is based on #D and B, picking an 
earlier "Resent-From" if separated from the other Resent headers is 
based on #C (and I still see no IPR).

Yakov



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On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Tony Finch wrote:

> 
> On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Michael R. Brumm wrote:
> >
> > The (2821 MAIL FROM) bounce address is irrelevant? This seems absurd
> > considering how many bounces (containing spam and viruses) I get for
> > messages I never sent.
> 
> If you want to solve that problem set up something like BATV.
> Sender-ID and SPF do not solve the backscatter problem; at best
> they might ameliorate it.

Actually, they make it __much__ worse. Instead of getting bounces to email
addresses that actually don't exist, you will get 100% of the email
bounced from the relay (open or closed makes no difference) from which the
mail was rejected.

There are several invariants:

Every user/abuser has an ISP that provides them with relay services.

Every user/abuser has access to those relay services right up until their 
account is shut off, due to complaints.

Abusers send directly because its easier than finding a relay or carrying 
a list of relays in the payload.  SPF identifies the internal relays quite 
nicely.  Relay services benefit regular users. Now abusers can enjoy the 
same benefits.

The joe-job'd target gets more bounced mail. Abusers (well, anti-spammers
actually) used to send mail through open relays to sites that blocked that
open relay.  Few sites blocked open relays, but the relay abusers often
knew exactly which sites used open relay blacklists.  The result would
bounce the messages back to the joe-job, seemingly from the open relay
directly. Of course, closed relays could be abused the same way, but
rarely were.  Funny how "ethical" these abusers were.  But the target was
still inundated with email, and sometimes had to abandon their addresses.  
Open relay operaters managed to get that kind of abuse under control by
blocking the open relay blacklists from scanning, and thus depriving them
lists of relays to abuse. Eventually the relay blacklists closed down last
year. though they never really blocked much email. Open relay abuse has
dropped off significantly in the last year.  Now, with SPF, they will
bring back those bad old days.

		--Dean



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Subject: Re: TECH OMISSION: Stronger checks against email forgery
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 12:48, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Douglas Otis wrote:
> > On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 09:38, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >> Tony Finch wrote:
> >>> On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >>>> Tony Finch wrote:
> >>>>> On Fri, 27 Aug 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
> >>>>>
> >>>>>> I continue to disagree.  There are too many scenarios where the bounce
> >>>>>> address is uncorrelated with the MTA that's delivering a message; this
> >>>>>> means that any scheme that attempts to reject mail based on those two
> >>>>>> inputs (bounce address and IP addr of sending MTA) will have too many
> >>>>>> false rejections.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> What makes the PRA different from the bounce address from this point of
> >>>>> view?
> >>>>
> >>>> The PRA algorithm tries to guess the most recent "Sender" for the message -
> >>>> i.e. the one that is being used for this SMTP hop. The bounce address on the
> >>>> other hand originates from the original hop and stays that way throughout
> >>>> multiple SMTP hops.
> >>>
> >>> This is also true for the PRA, since no existing MTAs add Resent-From:
> >>> header fields when alias-forwarding.
> >>
> >> I think we are going in circles. Validating the bounce address only 
> >> prevents false bounces but allows phishing, validating "Sender" does not 
> >> stop phishing but allows bounces plus does not take into account 
> >> forwarding, validating the "from" headers stops phishing but allows 
> >> bounces. Which one of these do we really want?
> > 
> > Sender-ID is selecting a Mailbox Domain from a series of headers
> > considered related to the most recent MTA outside of the recipients
> > administrative region.  Sender-ID header selection prioritizes RFC2822
> > From as _last_ in the selection process.  This selection process
> > attempts to reduce rejection rates, but is no better at stopping
> > phishing as a result.  At least using MAIL FROM, there will be a better
> > understanding which header is being inspected. 
> 
> Aren't we basically trying to deduce the "mailbox of the agent 
> responsible for the actual transmission of the message". Basically you 
> want to know who was the original agent or "Sender" was that put that 
> email into the email system. To me it sounds like the original 
> "purportable responsible address" is the same as guessing "the agent 
> responsible for the actual transmission of the message"?

The recipient will be looking at the RFC 2822 From, where there is a new
expectation they will be seeing some other header being checked.  It
remains, Sender-ID is not an effective tool against phishing.  Sender-ID
is also not an effective tool for stopping other types of abuse.  To
abate abuse, a reliable reputation mechanism must be possible.  There is
no reliable name obtained with Sender-ID.

> If so, RFC 2822, section 3.6.2, is very clear that the "Sender" field 
> indicates that. That's step 3 in PRA. However, the same RFC states in 
> section 3.6.2 "If the originator of the message can be indicated by a 
> single mailbox and the author and transmitter are identical, the 
> "Sender:" field SHOULD NOT be used". That's step 4 of PRA. The PRA draft 
> states explicitly that those 2 steps are taken directly from RFC 2822 
> (don't see any IPR).

The EHLO domain tracks the "sender" without the need to sort headers. 
Make this field a visible part of the sender identification.   It does
not require any IPR either and authentication could always result in a
high degree of certainty.

> Now for the resent blocks, the same RFC in section 3.6.6 states that the 
> "Resent-XXX" fields are simply placeholders for previous versions of the 
> same "Sender" and "From" fields. Therefore, there is a preference for 
> "Resent-Sender" just like there is a preference for "Sender" described 
> above. That's why steps 1-2 come before 3-4, and step 1 comes before 
> step 2 (still no IPR).

What is the substantial difference between these headers and the name
contained within the EHLO domain?  There a tremendous advantage using
the MTA name to establish MTA to Mailbox Domain relationships for either
MAIL FROM or From.  Why care about these other headers?

> Now the interesting part here is deciding how to pick the proper 
> "Resent" header. The PRA algorithm picks the first "Resent-Sender" 
> unless there is a "Resent-From" before with "Return-Path" or "Received" 
> in between. The RFC states that:
> A. "Resent fields SHOULD be added to any message that is reintroduced by 
>   a user into the transport system."
> B. "A separate set of resent fields SHOULD be added each time this is done."
> C. "All of the resent fields corresponding to a particular resending of 
> the message SHOULD be together."
> D. "Each new set of resent fields is prepended to the message; that is, 
> the most recent set of resent fields appear earlier in the message."
> 
> Picking the earliest Resent block is based on #D and B, picking an 
> earlier "Resent-From" if separated from the other Resent headers is 
> based on #C (and I still see no IPR).

Making a Mailbox Domain list that nominally relates to the MTA name will
encompass a vast majority of the mail without touching upon issues of
whether the Sender-ID IPR is obvious.  By making the MTA authentication
a separate function, then simply marking mail as being outside this MTA
name/Mailbox Domain relationship is little different than selecting an
invisible header compared against an address list unrelated to the From
or MAIL FROM.  Just use the EHLO domain.  By always exposing the EHLO
domain as visible, the recipient will soon recognize these From/EHLO
names used in tandem.  It is too dangerous to block mail based upon
Sender-ID.  A reputation check based upon the MTA name would allow a
safe method of blocking mail however.

If the goal is to assist the recipient decide what is valid mail and
what is not, the visible MTA name compared against a nominal or
restrictive list of MAIL FROM or From Mailbox Domains provides a
superior outcome.

-Doug



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On Sun, 2004-09-05 at 10:16, Scott Kitterman wrote:
> For me, the issue isn't BIND, but the web front end that my DNS provider
> uses to enable me to enter data.  For the record, www.pairnic.com currently
> does the following:

	Frankly, with the momentum and requests I've been seeing from my
customers, I suspect that most large DNS providers will work on
supporting anything that Sender ID requires, provided that the IPR
issues are resolved and it can be included in SpamAssassin.

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.
2041 Mission College Blvd. Suite 100
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: (408) 496-4500
Fax: (408) 496-6902
Web: http://www.kerio.com/support.html




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Subject: RE: consensus call of RR prefix
From: Max Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@kerio.com>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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On Sun, 2004-09-05 at 05:13, terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
> -implementing a prefix adds complexity (comprehension complexity if
> nothing else)

	For me as a system administrator, I would say that it simplifies
keeping track of my DNS records.

> -many dns providers do not support users adding subdomains (or not
> through the UI anyway)

	Those same DNS providers probably don't support TXT records (and
certainly won't support SPF records).

> -prefix does not solve the wildcard issue

	Though wildcards are rarely used.

> -one can use redirect in a small record to a subdomain (simulating
> prefix) if one really wants prefix

	That's true. Do most DNS servers support this easily, and are the
admins who would need it aware? Probably, but I don't actually know.

> Anything that hinders deployment needs to be considered for benefit
> and lack of alternatives.

	In my experience (we were the first company with a commercial MTA to
implement Caller ID), no customer who talked to me has ever had a
problem with the prefix. The TXT record was a more common problem.

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.
2041 Mission College Blvd. Suite 100
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: (408) 496-4500
Fax: (408) 496-6902
Web: http://www.kerio.com/support.html




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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR (-core): misuse of Resent- fields
Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 14:30:30 -0700
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On Sep 7, 2004, at 12:44 PM, Carl S. Gutekunst wrote:

> FWIW, Apple's OS X client has the same feature, called "Redirect." It 
> sets Resent-Date, -From, -To, and -Message-ID correctly.

FWIW^2, Apple's OS X client also displays these fields for received 
messages that have them!  The From: field is shown in the message list 
in the From column.  But, when you open the message to read it, the 
headers at the top have Resent-From and Resent-To right above the 
corresponding From and To lines.  Neat!

	- Mark



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Subject: Re: consensus call on MUST/SHOULD language for TXT records
From: Ryan Ordway <ryan@nwgeeks.com>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 14:33, Andrew Newton wrote:

> Despite lack of agreement on the outcome, there is agreement on the 
> stated positions.  In the words of Olafur:
> 1) Specify everyone to be compliant at all times.
> 2) Specify clearly full complaint state and tolerate non-compliant 
> state during phase-in.

	My vote is for 1. I believe allowing non-compliance
is an invitation for non-compliance.

-- 
HELO, my name is root... you have SIGKILLed my father... prepare to vi!



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Douglas Otis wrote:
>>Aren't we basically trying to deduce the "mailbox of the agent 
>>responsible for the actual transmission of the message". Basically you 
>>want to know who was the original agent or "Sender" was that put that 
>>email into the email system. To me it sounds like the original 
>>"purportable responsible address" is the same as guessing "the agent 
>>responsible for the actual transmission of the message"?
> 
> 
> The recipient will be looking at the RFC 2822 From, where there is a new
> expectation they will be seeing some other header being checked.  It
> remains, Sender-ID is not an effective tool against phishing.  Sender-ID
> is also not an effective tool for stopping other types of abuse.  To
> abate abuse, a reliable reputation mechanism must be possible.  There is
> no reliable name obtained with Sender-ID.
> 

I think the intent was to introduce the entity of "original sender" of 
the message although I would have to agree with you that by itself it 
might not be too useful. Of course, considering that if Outlook 2000 and 
some other MUAs actually displays that header, it will have some use for 
those MUAs.

But, what about SUBMITTER or RFC2821 MAIL FROM bounce address? Purely 
from the technical viewpoint, are they reliable? All could be forged 
including EHLO.

> 
>>If so, RFC 2822, section 3.6.2, is very clear that the "Sender" field 
>>indicates that. That's step 3 in PRA. However, the same RFC states in 
>>section 3.6.2 "If the originator of the message can be indicated by a 
>>single mailbox and the author and transmitter are identical, the 
>>"Sender:" field SHOULD NOT be used". That's step 4 of PRA. The PRA draft 
>>states explicitly that those 2 steps are taken directly from RFC 2822 
>>(don't see any IPR).
> 
> 
> The EHLO domain tracks the "sender" without the need to sort headers. 
> Make this field a visible part of the sender identification.   It does
> not require any IPR either and authentication could always result in a
> high degree of certainty.
> 

The key difference between EHLO and "Sender" is that EHLO is 
MTA-specific while "Sender" is specific to the message itself. A single 
EHLO value may cover messages originating from multiple domains. 
Therefore using the "Sender" field or "SUBMITTER" allows for granularity 
where a specific MTA may be authorized to relay email for one domain and 
not another, like an ISP's outgoing MTA. Of course, like someone has 
mentioned before, there are less MTAs then domains, and it might be 
useful to work with the MTAs alone.

I agree that the reliability is much less for PRA then EHLO, but on the 
other hand SUBMITTER should be no worse than EHLO. So EHLO would not be 
an option, if the granularity described above is desired.

And I still argue that the entire PRA algorithm is obvious to anyone 
reading the RFC so the IPR issue is probably moot.

> 
>>Now for the resent blocks, the same RFC in section 3.6.6 states that the 
>>"Resent-XXX" fields are simply placeholders for previous versions of the 
>>same "Sender" and "From" fields. Therefore, there is a preference for 
>>"Resent-Sender" just like there is a preference for "Sender" described 
>>above. That's why steps 1-2 come before 3-4, and step 1 comes before 
>>step 2 (still no IPR).
> 
> 
> What is the substantial difference between these headers and the name
> contained within the EHLO domain?  There a tremendous advantage using
> the MTA name to establish MTA to Mailbox Domain relationships for either
> MAIL FROM or From.  Why care about these other headers?
> 

See above.

> 
>>Now the interesting part here is deciding how to pick the proper 
>>"Resent" header. The PRA algorithm picks the first "Resent-Sender" 
>>unless there is a "Resent-From" before with "Return-Path" or "Received" 
>>in between. The RFC states that:
>>A. "Resent fields SHOULD be added to any message that is reintroduced by 
>>  a user into the transport system."
>>B. "A separate set of resent fields SHOULD be added each time this is done."
>>C. "All of the resent fields corresponding to a particular resending of 
>>the message SHOULD be together."
>>D. "Each new set of resent fields is prepended to the message; that is, 
>>the most recent set of resent fields appear earlier in the message."
>>
>>Picking the earliest Resent block is based on #D and B, picking an 
>>earlier "Resent-From" if separated from the other Resent headers is 
>>based on #C (and I still see no IPR).
> 
> 
> Making a Mailbox Domain list that nominally relates to the MTA name will
> encompass a vast majority of the mail without touching upon issues of
> whether the Sender-ID IPR is obvious.  By making the MTA authentication
> a separate function, then simply marking mail as being outside this MTA
> name/Mailbox Domain relationship is little different than selecting an
> invisible header compared against an address list unrelated to the From
> or MAIL FROM.  Just use the EHLO domain.  By always exposing the EHLO
> domain as visible, the recipient will soon recognize these From/EHLO
> names used in tandem.  It is too dangerous to block mail based upon
> Sender-ID.  A reputation check based upon the MTA name would allow a
> safe method of blocking mail however.
> 
> If the goal is to assist the recipient decide what is valid mail and
> what is not, the visible MTA name compared against a nominal or
> restrictive list of MAIL FROM or From Mailbox Domains provides a
> superior outcome.
> 

I am not sure which would be superior. EHLO is not being used today 
anywhere, and similarly for phishing the 2821 MAIL FROM bounce address 
is not displayed to the end user. From the viewpoint of phishing, it 
makes perfect sense to work with the message itself, not the channel. I 
don't see how the invisible EHLO is any better than the invisible 
"Sender". If anything, SUBMITTER or 2821 MAIL FROM, or 2822 "from" would 
be superior.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
From: Ryan Ordway <ryan@nwgeeks.com>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 14:32, Andrew Newton wrote:

> Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> the requirement of DNS over TCP?

	No. 

1) Inconsistent with SPF RR that doesn't use a prefix
2) Causes deployment headaches for those who use
   DNS providers whose web-based tools cannot handle
   sub-domains or underscore characters.

-- 
HELO, my name is root... you have SIGKILLed my father... prepare to vi!



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Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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Roy Badami wrote:

>>>>>>"Yakov" == Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
> 
> 
>     Yakov> Now if all of this is stated in the RFC directly, what
>     Yakov> exactly is the IPR that is being claimed here? This seems
>     Yakov> to me explicit in the RFC itself.
> 
> I believe that the PRA algorithm, at least in outline, is obvious to a
> practitioner skilled in the art.
> 
> I'm sure it's pretty much what everyone does mentally when they read
> the headers of a message (yeah, ok, I'm a geek, I assume that everyone
> understands the semantics of the headers :-)
> 

Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is 
irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and 
IPSec. Or can we?

Yakov



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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk>, Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>,
        ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
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>>>>> "Yakov" == Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

    Yakov> Now if all of this is stated in the RFC directly, what
    Yakov> exactly is the IPR that is being claimed here? This seems
    Yakov> to me explicit in the RFC itself.

I believe that the PRA algorithm, at least in outline, is obvious to a
practitioner skilled in the art.

I'm sure it's pretty much what everyone does mentally when they read
the headers of a message (yeah, ok, I'm a geek, I assume that everyone
understands the semantics of the headers :-)

	    -roy





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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Harry Katz <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>, Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>,
        ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR (-core): misuse of Resent- fields
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	<413E1044.5010202@solidmatrix.com>
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>>>>> "Yakov" == Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

    Yakov> I would suggest that marid-core adds a note pointing to the
    Yakov> approriate section in RFC 2822 stating that the draft is
    Yakov> modifying the behavior suggested in the RFC and that RFC
    Yakov> 2822 is being ambigious.

I would go further.  I concurr with Tony Finch that Sender ID modifies
the intent of these headers.

I don't think that is a bad thing; I just think we should be explicit
about it.

      -roy



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Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: TECH-ERROR (-core): misuse of Resent- fields
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>>>>> "Tony" == Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> writes:

    Tony> Secttion 7.2 recommends a use of the Resent-From: header
    Tony> field in direct contradiction to RFC 2822, which describes
    Tony> how those fields are currently used.

Arguably that's a DOC-BUG.  Arguably the best way to rsolve this is
for Sender ID to explicitly update RFC2822 in this respect.

    -roy



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Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
From: Ryan Ordway <ryan@nwgeeks.com>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 14:56, Ryan Ordway wrote:
> On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 14:32, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> > Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
> > used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
> > the requirement of DNS over TCP?
> 
> 	No. 
> 
> 1) Inconsistent with SPF RR that doesn't use a prefix
> 2) Causes deployment headaches for those who use
>    DNS providers whose web-based tools cannot handle
>    sub-domains or underscore characters.

	Granted, said providers probably can't handle SPF
RRs or TXT records either. 

-- 
HELO, my name is root... you have SIGKILLed my father... prepare to vi!



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Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 23:41:54 +0100
To: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: TECH-OMISSION (-core): alias-forwarding and multiple recipients
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>>>>> "Tony" == Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> writes:

    Tony> It is not clear how alias-forwarders are supposed to handle
    Tony> messages with multiple recipients. When handling such a
    Tony> message, Exim and some other MTAs will determine the final
    Tony> alias destination(s) of all addresses in the recipient list
    Tony> before delivery starts, so that only one copy of the message
    Tony> needs to be sent to each destination host.

It seems to me that the best solution would be for the forwarder to
send a separate copy of the message for each recipient, so it can in
each case use the original destination address in the Resent-From
field.

	-roy



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On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Roy Badami wrote:
>
> It seems to me that the best solution would be for the forwarder to
> send a separate copy of the message for each recipient, so it can in
> each case use the original destination address in the Resent-From
> field.

This is both suboptimal and technically extremely difficult to do without
de-optimising all email handling, as opposed to just the cases that are a
problem for Sender-ID. If you consider also alias-forwarding via a
departmental server it's even worse.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
THE MULL OF GALLOWAY TO MULL OF KINTYRE INCLUDING THE FIRTH OF CLYDE AND THE
NORTH CHANNEL: EAST VEERING SOUTHEAST 3 OR 4, OCCASIONALLY 5 LATER. FAIR.
GOOD. SLIGHT.



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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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Ryan Ordway wrote:

> On Fri, 2004-09-03 at 14:32, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> 
>>Therefore, that leaves one under-discussed question: should a prefix be 
>>used to avoid collision with other records as one measure of preventing 
>>the requirement of DNS over TCP?
> 
> 
> 	No. 
> 
> 1) Inconsistent with SPF RR that doesn't use a prefix

We could move the RR into the same address space.

> 2) Causes deployment headaches for those who use
>    DNS providers whose web-based tools cannot handle
>    sub-domains or underscore characters.
> 

I don't know how wide spread that would be. Based on the comments on the 
lists, there are already issues with TXT records and provider support.

Collissions with other TXT records worry me more which is why I would 
rather see a prefix or use SRV. I can almost bet you that within a year 
of MARID someone else will use us as precedent for another RR/TXT 
experiment.

Yakov



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>>>>> "Tony" == Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> writes:

    Tony> This is both suboptimal

How common is it for a forwarder to receive a message with multiple
recipients all of which require forwarding to the same MX...?

    Tony>  and technically extremely difficult to do without
    Tony> de-optimising all email handling, as opposed to just the
    Tony> cases that are a problem for Sender-ID.

Do you mean that it's difficult to configure existing MTAs to behave
in this way, or that it would be difficult to introduce such
functionality into an MTA...?  I would find the latter surprizing...

I'm assuming that if Sender ID progresses to Proposed Standard, then
the major MTAs will grow native support for it...

    Tony> If you consider also alias-forwarding via a departmental
    Tony> server it's even worse.

If all departmental MTAs are upgraded to be Sender ID compliant, I
don't see the problem problem?  You only add Resent-From when you're
forwarding outside of your adminstrative domain.

During the transtion you may need to keep track of which departmental
servers are Sender ID compliant and which are not, of course...

	-roy



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Yakov,

YS> Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is 
YS> irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and
YS> IPSec. Or can we?


My own guidance about whether to to treat an IPR claim seriously --
particularly when it includes legal filings -- is to decide whether
the claimant has the means and the resolve to pursue them.

The costs of being in IPR litigation are awesome, no matter how
frivolous one might believe the claims to be.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



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>>>>> "Roy" == Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:
    Roy> (See also my separate post suggesting that we rename the
    Roy> purported responsible address so as to remove the word
    Roy> "purported")

FWIW, I've withdrawn that proposal.  I still believe the other changes
to the intro of -pra are appropriate, however.

	-roy



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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 14:45, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Douglas Otis wrote:
>
> >> Aren't we basically trying to deduce the "mailbox of the agent 
> >> responsible for the actual transmission of the message". Basically you 
> >> want to know who was the original agent or "Sender" was that put that 
> >> email into the email system. To me it sounds like the original 
> >> "purportable responsible address" is the same as guessing "the agent 
> >> responsible for the actual transmission of the message"?
> > 
> > The recipient will be looking at the RFC 2822 From, where there is a new
> > expectation they will be seeing some other header being checked.  It
> > remains, Sender-ID is not an effective tool against phishing.  Sender-ID
> > is also not an effective tool for stopping other types of abuse.  To
> > abate abuse, a reliable reputation mechanism must be possible.  There is
> > no reliable name obtained with Sender-ID.
>
> I think the intent was to introduce the entity of "original sender" of 
> the message although I would have to agree with you that by itself it 
> might not be too useful. Of course, considering that if Outlook 2000 and 
> some other MUAs actually displays that header, it will have some use for 
> those MUAs.
> 
> But, what about SUBMITTER or RFC2821 MAIL FROM bounce address? Purely 
> from the technical viewpoint, are they reliable? All could be forged 
> including EHLO.

It is much more difficult to forge the EHLO name.  Unlike Sender-ID
PRA/Submitter or RFC2821 MAIL FROM, there is no presumption of the
integrity of the mail channel for assessing a particular message based
upon the EHLO name.  The EHLO name, as a host name, must reference a
record that scales to the number of IP addresses of a host, unlike SPF
or Sender-ID that could encompass the entire Internet.  Unlike a record
intended for routing, this MTA record must ensure authentication is
possible.  This record also indicates the host is authorized by the
domain to send mail.

The certainty of the authenticated MTA name allows for asserting
reputation.  An error made establishing an accountable name could be
devastating for a reputation service.  Sender-ID and SPF simple leave
too many avenues open for this name to be spoofed.  In addition, unlike
Sender-ID or SPF, there is no presumption that the MAIL FROM or From
mailbox domain will be constrained.  MTA authentication operates
independently of the mailbox domain relationship.
 
> >> If so, RFC 2822, section 3.6.2, is very clear that the "Sender" field 
> >> indicates that. That's step 3 in PRA. However, the same RFC states in 
> >> section 3.6.2 "If the originator of the message can be indicated by a 
> >> single mailbox and the author and transmitter are identical, the 
> >> "Sender:" field SHOULD NOT be used". That's step 4 of PRA. The PRA draft 
> >> states explicitly that those 2 steps are taken directly from RFC 2822 
> >> (don't see any IPR).
> > 
> > The EHLO domain tracks the "sender" without the need to sort headers. 
> > Make this field a visible part of the sender identification.   It does
> > not require any IPR either and authentication could always result in a
> > high degree of certainty.
> 
> The key difference between EHLO and "Sender" is that EHLO is 
> MTA-specific while "Sender" is specific to the message itself.

Perhaps a poor choice of words.  The sender as identified using the PRA,
such as Resent-From, could easily result in any of the same names as
found in the EHLO name.  Neither offer a direct relationship to the
author of the message.  The MTA name verifies the administrative domain
accountable for delivered messages.  If the mailbox domain is then
related to MTA names, this arrives at the goal of mailbox domains
authorizing these MTA names.  It is also safe to handle this
relationship as being either nominal or absolute.  This MTA name
authorization can be done within a single DNS lookup without the need
for subsequent lookups.

> A single EHLO value may cover messages originating from multiple domains. 

There is no limitation on the EHLO domain with respect to the number of
domains claimed.  A service provider may elect to assert an EHLO name to
correspond to the customer being relayed. 

> Therefore using the "Sender" field or "SUBMITTER" allows for granularity 
> where a specific MTA may be authorized to relay email for one domain and 
> not another, like an ISP's outgoing MTA. Of course, like someone has 
> mentioned before, there are less MTAs then domains, and it might be 
> useful to work with the MTAs alone.
> 
> I agree that the reliability is much less for PRA then EHLO, but on the 
> other hand SUBMITTER should be no worse than EHLO. So EHLO would not be 
> an option, if the granularity described above is desired.

Submitter is based upon the PRA.  Submitter can be no better than the
PRA as a result.  Yes, there is much less reliability of the PRA as
compared to the EHLO domain.  There is also a greater likelihood there
will be fewer EHLO domains compared to mailbox domains.  A mail provider
that keeps track of their outbound SMTP logs and quickly terminates the
typical spammer will earn a good reputation and will be offering a
valuable service.  There is no need to restrict the RFC2822 From
address, if the provider authenticates their clients using any number of
methods.  How this control is achieved should be left to the mail
provider, and using the EHLO name affords this flexibility.

> And I still argue that the entire PRA algorithm is obvious to anyone 
> reading the RFC so the IPR issue is probably moot.

I see nothing to justify using the PRA algorithm.  These headers are of
no value when compared to the EHLO domain.

> >> Now for the resent blocks, the same RFC in section 3.6.6 states that the 
> >> "Resent-XXX" fields are simply placeholders for previous versions of the 
> >> same "Sender" and "From" fields. Therefore, there is a preference for 
> >> "Resent-Sender" just like there is a preference for "Sender" described 
> >> above. That's why steps 1-2 come before 3-4, and step 1 comes before 
> >> step 2 (still no IPR).
> > 
> > 
> > What is the substantial difference between these headers and the name
> > contained within the EHLO domain?  There a tremendous advantage using
> > the MTA name to establish MTA to Mailbox Domain relationships for either
> > MAIL FROM or From.  Why care about these other headers?
>
> See above.

There is nothing that limits the granularity of the EHLO name, but there
are reasons for wanting fewer entities to assess reputations.  If the
EHLO name is compared against a name list referenced by the mailbox
domain, this arrives at the desired goal of assessing the mail channel
against the mailbox domains as a separate and optional operation. 

> >> Now the interesting part here is deciding how to pick the proper 
> >> "Resent" header. The PRA algorithm picks the first "Resent-Sender" 
> >> unless there is a "Resent-From" before with "Return-Path" or "Received" 
> >> in between. The RFC states that:
> >> A. "Resent fields SHOULD be added to any message that is reintroduced by 
> >>  a user into the transport system."
> >> B. "A separate set of resent fields SHOULD be added each time this is done."
> >> C. "All of the resent fields corresponding to a particular resending of 
> >> the message SHOULD be together."
> >> D. "Each new set of resent fields is prepended to the message; that is, 
> >> the most recent set of resent fields appear earlier in the message."
> >>
> >> Picking the earliest Resent block is based on #D and B, picking an 
> >> earlier "Resent-From" if separated from the other Resent headers is 
> >> based on #C (and I still see no IPR).
> > 
> > Making a Mailbox Domain list that nominally relates to the MTA name will
> > encompass a vast majority of the mail without touching upon issues of
> > whether the Sender-ID IPR is obvious.  By making the MTA authentication
> > a separate function, then simply marking mail as being outside this MTA
> > name/Mailbox Domain relationship is little different than selecting an
> > invisible header compared against an address list unrelated to the From
> > or MAIL FROM.  Just use the EHLO domain.  By always exposing the EHLO
> > domain as visible, the recipient will soon recognize these From/EHLO
> > names used in tandem.  It is too dangerous to block mail based upon
> > Sender-ID.  A reputation check based upon the MTA name would allow a
> > safe method of blocking mail however.
> > 
> > If the goal is to assist the recipient decide what is valid mail and
> > what is not, the visible MTA name compared against a nominal or
> > restrictive list of MAIL FROM or From Mailbox Domains provides a
> > superior outcome.
> 
> I am not sure which would be superior. EHLO is not being used today 
> anywhere, and similarly for phishing the 2821 MAIL FROM bounce address 
> is not displayed to the end user. From the viewpoint of phishing, it 
> makes perfect sense to work with the message itself, not the channel. I 
> don't see how the invisible EHLO is any better than the invisible 
> "Sender". If anything, SUBMITTER or 2821 MAIL FROM, or 2822 "from" would 
> be superior.

The EHLO name is a stronger identity that can safely support reputation
assertions.  If there are any illegal activity, an authenticated MTA
name also identifies where logs can be found as evidence. 
Authenticating the MTA name allows an extremely simple name list to
express the relationship between the mailbox domain and the MTA name. 
This gets rid of the need for dozens or hundreds of DNS lookups and
complex macro scripts needed within SPF or Sender-ID.

These lists can look something like:

_mp._smtp.my-mailbox-domain.com. PTR  big-isp.com
                                      PTR  ads-r-us.com
                                      PTR  webs-r-us.com
                                      
Where a EHLO domain of mx01.nw.big-isp.com is recognized as sending mail
on behalf of my-mailbox-domain.com.  This relationship can be considered
"required" or "nominal" without creating any exploit risk as with either
SPF or Sender-ID.  If there is abuse found, the reputation would be
against the EHLO name and not the mailbox domain, as this mailbox
identity is simply too weak.  There are also advantages and greater
freedoms afforded by establishing a hierarchy of accountability.

-Doug



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To: Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk>
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Subject: DOC-BUG: Terminology: Purported Responsible Address
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>>>>> "Roy" == Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:

    Roy> In the case of a Sender ID checker, the term makes sense.
    Roy> The identity is only purported; we don't know yet if the
    Roy> message is forged.

Well, no one followed up on this, and on reflection I think maybe
"Purported Responsible Address" isn't such a bad term.

It doesn't seem particularly inappropriate even in contexts where the
message is know to be authentic.  A message always purports to be from
someone; in the case of an authentic mesasge the purported sender may
be known to be the same as the actual sender (and in the case of a
well-intentioned sender this will typically be the case).

So I withdraw my proposal; I think "Purported Responsible Address" is
fine; but it should be clear that this is just the name for the result
of the PRA algorithm, without any implications as to the accuracy (or
otherwise) of the identity.

	   -roy



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At 06:41 PM 9/7/2004, Roy Badami wrote:

> >>>>> "Tony" == Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> writes:
>
>     Tony> It is not clear how alias-forwarders are supposed to handle
>     Tony> messages with multiple recipients. When handling such a
>     Tony> message, Exim and some other MTAs will determine the final
>     Tony> alias destination(s) of all addresses in the recipient list
>     Tony> before delivery starts, so that only one copy of the message
>     Tony> needs to be sent to each destination host.
>
>It seems to me that the best solution would be for the forwarder to
>send a separate copy of the message for each recipient, so it can in
>each case use the original destination address in the Resent-From
>field.

This is a significant change that would be quite problematic. The mechanism 
exists and is heavily used. My opinion is that a method to work with it is 
needed, as there's zero likelihood of depricating its use worldwide (let 
alone the efficiency reasons why deprication would be a terrible idea). 



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Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify
Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 19:17:47 -0400
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Roy Badami" <roy@gnomon.org.uk>
To: "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: "Roy Badami" <roy@gnomon.org.uk>; "Dave Crocker"
<dcrocker@brandenburg.com>; <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Tuesday, September 07, 2004 6:22 PM
Subject: Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to
verify


>
> >>>>> "Yakov" == Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
>
>     Yakov> Now if all of this is stated in the RFC directly, what
>     Yakov> exactly is the IPR that is being claimed here? This seems
>     Yakov> to me explicit in the RFC itself.
>
> I believe that the PRA algorithm, at least in outline, is obvious to a
> practitioner skilled in the art.

No doubt about that.  Hence the reason I am not at all concern about it.
However, the only way possible a stronger claim can be made if a new
"identity" is introduced that is outside standard or legacy practice.  If
this is the case,  it would have to be a IETF standardized "identity" before
I begin bothering with it but I won't support it if there is an IPR
associated with it.

> I'm sure it's pretty much what everyone does mentally when they read
> the headers of a message (yeah, ok, I'm a geek, I assume that everyone
> understands the semantics of the headers :-)

Its not so much the "process, method or logic" to get a particular state,
but the natural fact the information is natural available. This is a very
important aspect of the patent process.  It is akin to receiving a letter
with no return address or one that is not recognizable, and this claim is
attempting to protect the process of a) opening the letter and b) reading it
to search for something recognizable.

---
Hector Santos, CTO
WINSERVER "Wildcat! Interactive Net Server"
http://www.santronics.com




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Subject: RE: TECH-OMISSION:Submitter concept should be expanded to include Peristent User Accounts (PUA) 
Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 17:23:52 -0700
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From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: "Scott Kitterman" <scott@kitterman.com>,
        "IETF MXCOMP \(E-mail\)" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thursday, September 02, 2004 9:02 AM, Scott Kitterman wrote:

[snip]
> 3.  Explicitly add a third possible source for submitter, the 
> Persistent User Account (PUA).  This would allow providers of 
> shared MTA services to add as a submitter the local (to the 
> shared MTA) e-mail address of the user that submitted the 
> message to the MTA.  This was discussed on the list in July.  
> Here is the start of the thread:
> 
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02633.html
> 
> This would seem to be a much simpler solution for shared MTA 
> providers to implement than trying to determine which domains 
> their customers are authorized to send from.  It also gives a 
> full address (no just a domain) that has agreed to be 
> responsible for the message.  Also, if Submitter failed a 
> check during 2821 checking, I believe the message could be 
> rejected before data.
> 
> This approach is hinted at in the examples (see the last 
> paragraph of Page 7), but use in this manner is never 
> described in the actual specification.
> The reason I was thinking this might be a DOC-BUG is that 
> examples shouldn't introduce new functionality.

My apologies for the delay in responding.  

In looking at this suggestion carefully, I'm inclined to leave the spec
"as is" but to strengthen the wording of Example 5.3 to more clearly
illustrate its use in this case.  My reasons are that today PRA clearly
tied to identities carried in the RFC 2822 message headers.  I think
it's important to keep it that way.  Among other things this permits
validation by the receiving server that the sender hasn't lied about the
SUBMITTER value.  

Also, since there are a variety of possible behaviors by ISPs in this
situation, I think it's important to allow them flexibility.  

Lastly, I think the method of Example 5.3 is a good way of addressing
the scenario you've raised without requiring changes to the normative
portion of the spec.  




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Dave Crocker wrote:
> Yakov,
> 
> YS> Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is 
> YS> irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and
> YS> IPSec. Or can we?
> 
> 
> My own guidance about whether to to treat an IPR claim seriously --
> particularly when it includes legal filings -- is to decide whether
> the claimant has the means and the resolve to pursue them.
> 

There is definitely means here, but I am not sure about the resolve. 
Somehow I don't think they will make fools out of themselves, especially 
considering that the FAT patent is being challenged.

> The costs of being in IPR litigation are awesome, no matter how
> frivolous one might believe the claims to be.
> 

Considering what happened to the Eolas and FAT patents, challenging a 
patent is now an option as well and is much cheaper.

In any case, does this mean that anyone claiming IPR rights can stop the 
standards process? That's not the reading I get from the cases of IDN 
and IPSec.

Yakov



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Subject: TECH-OMISSION (-protocol): Partial IPs with CIDRs allowed?
From: Max Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@kerio.com>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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	Section 4. Mechanism Definitions:

	"If a CIDR-length is specified, then only the specified number of
high-order bits of <ip> and the IP address are compared for equality."

	Caller ID provided a similar description of how to read IPs from an
element, and a customer and I were uncertain about one thing:

	Is it OK to write 1.2.3/24, or MUST I write 1.2.3.0/24? It would be
easier for implementation if the second form was required.

	My apologies if this has already been mentioned or discussed elsewhere.

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.




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On Tue, Sep 07, 2004 at 05:47:22PM -0700, Max Kanat-Alexander wrote:
| 
| 	Is it OK to write 1.2.3/24, or MUST I write 1.2.3.0/24? It would be
| easier for implementation if the second form was required.
| 
| 	My apologies if this has already been mentioned or discussed elsewhere.
| 

I have the feeling that people are going to write the first
form, so we might as well require implementations to support
it.  As long as it's not ambiguous, lazy is okay.

Similarly "ipv4" and "ipv6" being synonyms for "ip4" and
"ip6", and "a:1.2.3.4" being interpreted as "ip4:1.2.3.4".
That seems to happen rather often.





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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 19:02, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> I have the feeling that people are going to write the first
> form, so we might as well require implementations to support
> it.  As long as it's not ambiguous, lazy is okay.

	OK, great. Yeah, we modified our Caller ID implementation to accept it
because webtv was doing it.

	I'll just be glad to have it stated that we do have to read IPs written
that way.

> Similarly "ipv4" and "ipv6" being synonyms for "ip4" and
> "ip6", and "a:1.2.3.4" being interpreted as "ip4:1.2.3.4".
> That seems to happen rather often.

	Yeah, "liberal in what you accept" certainly doesn't do any harm,
there. :-)

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.




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In <20040908020217.GB23667@dumbo.pobox.com> Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com> writes:

> On Tue, Sep 07, 2004 at 05:47:22PM -0700, Max Kanat-Alexander wrote:
> | 
> | 	Is it OK to write 1.2.3/24, or MUST I write 1.2.3.0/24? It would be
> | easier for implementation if the second form was required.
> | 
> | 	My apologies if this has already been mentioned or discussed elsewhere.
>
> I have the feeling that people are going to write the first
> form, so we might as well require implementations to support
> it.  As long as it's not ambiguous, lazy is okay.
>
> Similarly "ipv4" and "ipv6" being synonyms for "ip4" and
> "ip6", and "a:1.2.3.4" being interpreted as "ip4:1.2.3.4".
> That seems to happen rather often.


<rant>


Over the last year or so, Meng and I have gone around and around on
this issue.  In general, Meng appears to be willing to let
implementations do whatever they want to try to fix up errors in SPF
records.  I, on the other hand, think that it is very important to
have a consistent interpretation of an SPF record between
implementations.

I strongly believe that implementations MUST detect all syntax errors
and return PermError in such cases.

If we want to support these common deviations from the spec, I think
we should put them into the spec and have all implementations support
them.


This is email we are talking about, not some formatting of a web
page.  I think it would be very bad to require ever implementation of
SPF/SenderID to know about weird voodoo magic that is needed to work
reliably the way web browers are required to know.  I think SPF
records should be handled much more like a Java virtual machine, where
all errors are (in theory) detected and (in theory) all results are
the same everywhere.


I have submitted patches to require strict syntax checking.  Neither
Meng nor Mark appear to be concerned about this issue and they control
the spec.  I've pretty much given up on this issue.  I suspect that
one day, someone will write up a big compatibility guide so that
publishers know what kind of stuff they can get away with, and
implementers will know what kind of bogus stuff will get thrown their
way that everyone else "does the right thing" with.

</rant>


For those who want to review the subject, here are a couple of posts
to the SPF-discuss mailing list:

http://archives.listbox.com/spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com/200403/0424.html
http://archives.listbox.com/spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com/200403/0428.html
http://archives.listbox.com/spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com/200403/0441.html



-wayne




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Subject: Re: TECH-OMISSION (-protocol): Partial IPs with CIDRs allowed?
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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 21:09, wayne wrote:
> If we want to support these common deviations from the spec, I think
> we should put them into the spec and have all implementations support
> them.

	I agree. The common deviations that Meng and I just discussed should be
specified as being allowed.

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.
2041 Mission College Blvd. Suite 100
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: (408) 496-4500 x23
Fax: (408) 496-6902
Web: http://www.kerio.com/support.html




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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004 00:47:08 +0100, Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> wrote:
> 
> >>>>> "Roy" == Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk> writes:
> 
>     Roy> In the case of a Sender ID checker, the term makes sense.
>     Roy> The identity is only purported; we don't know yet if the
>     Roy> message is forged.
> 
> Well, no one followed up on this, and on reflection I think maybe
> "Purported Responsible Address" isn't such a bad term.

Of course, we could also just call it the "Patented Responsible Address"...

David



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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Roy Badami wrote:
>
> How common is it for a forwarder to receive a message with multiple
> recipients all of which require forwarding to the same MX...?

If we disabled the multiple recipient function our outgoing message load
would rise by 20%.

> Do you mean that it's difficult to configure existing MTAs to behave
> in this way, or that it would be difficult to introduce such
> functionality into an MTA...?

I mean that it's effectively impossible to disable the multiple recipient
function selectively (i.e. only in the cases that are a problem for
Sender-ID).

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
MULL OF KINTYRE TO ARDNAMURCHAN POINT: SOUTHEAST 3 OR LESS INCREASING 4 OR 5.
FAIR. GOOD. SLIGHT.



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On Tue, Sep 07, 2004 at 06:24:49PM -0400,
 Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote 
 a message of 23 lines which said:

> Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is
> irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and
> IPSec. Or can we?

Of course, nobody can be really sure.

IMHO, given the already existing statements by the Apache Foundation
or the Debian people, if we want these groups to deply SenderID, we
need a very clear statement for the IETF that the IETF regards this
patent claim as frivolous (because too trivial) and/or invalid
(because of prior art) and suggests they are ignored. Is there a
consensus in this WG to make such a statement?

Also, the big difference with IDN is not the validity of the patent
claim (they are both ridiculous) but the size of the company which
owns it. Despite what was being said here, we should not evaluate the
patent claim only on the basis of the licence terms. In the real
world, the size and the amount of rogueness already displayed by the
holder is much more important. I still believe the risk is too high.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 06:45:05 2004
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I work for the University of Cambridge Computing Service where I define
and implement our anti-spam and anti-virus policies on the central email
relays. We will not be implementing Sender-ID for reasons mostly related
to the forwarding problem, explained in more detail below. Most of these
reasons apply to all designated sender schemes, so we won't be
implementing SPF either.

Our central message store has about 32,000 users. The relays are used by a
few thousand more users in various departments and colleges. We also have
an alumni forwarding service with something over 20,000 users.

As well as the alumni forwarding service, about 7% of our message store
users forward their email off-site. These users are likely to lose
legitimate email because of Sender-ID checks at the destination sites. We
can mitigate this problem by adding Resent-From: fields to the headers of
messages we handle, but this will interfere with the resend function of
MUAs in common use in the University since they generally follow 822
semantics not 2822 semantics for this field. There are also serious
problems deciding what address to put in the field without de-optimising
messages with multiple recipients and without confusing users.

We do not know how many of our users forward email to Cambridge from other
sites, and it is very difficult to find out. We can only implement
Sender-ID checks if we also whitelist sites that forward to Cambridge, in
order to avoid erroneously rejecting legitimate email. It will be
extremely difficult to create and maintain the whitelist, both because it
is hard to find out which sites should be on the list and because it is
hard to keep up with changes in the list of outgoing MTAs at those sites.
Sender-ID records won't make it easier to maintain the list because
forwarding sites that are Sender-ID compliant won't need to be on the
list.

We are doing all the things that are necessary to be able to advertise
Sender-ID: we have always kept tight control over which machines are
permitted to send email directly to the public Internet and we block port
25 for the rest; and we have an authenticated submission service for
roaming users (though it is taking time for users to find out about it).
However we expect that because of the prevalence of forwarding in academia
and because of the likelihood that recipient sites will not properly
mitigate the forwarding problem, to advertise Sender-ID records will cause
legitimate email from our users to be erroneously rejected.

The University is a federal organization with a strongly delegated
management structure. The Computing Service does not have a monopoly over
the provision of email services, so the colleges and departments use the
central email services to a greater or lesser extent at their choice. We
would have to perform a much more detailed liaison exercise than usual to
work out what the implications of implementing Sender-ID would be for
email travelling between the various parts of the University.

My colleague Philip Haze, who wrote the MTA that we use, has already
stated that Exim will not be able to support Sender-ID because of
Microsoft's intellectual property licence.

-- 
Tony Finch  <fanf2@cam.ac.uk>  http://www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~fanf2/
    Mail Support, University of Cambridge Computing Service
     New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QH



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From: Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com>
Subject: DEPLOY: IPR [was Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify]
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 06:13:18 -0400
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[I changed the tag and subject to match the topic of discussion]

On Sep 7, 2004, at 8:43 PM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

>
> Dave Crocker wrote:
>> My own guidance about whether to to treat an IPR claim seriously --
>> particularly when it includes legal filings -- is to decide whether
>> the claimant has the means and the resolve to pursue them.
>
> There is definitely means here, but I am not sure about the resolve. 
> Somehow I don't think they will make fools out of themselves, 
> especially considering that the FAT patent is being challenged.
>
>> The costs of being in IPR litigation are awesome, no matter how
>> frivolous one might believe the claims to be.
>
> Considering what happened to the Eolas and FAT patents, challenging a 
> patent is now an option as well and is much cheaper.
>
> In any case, does this mean that anyone claiming IPR rights can stop 
> the standards process? That's not the reading I get from the cases of 
> IDN and IPSec.

My reading of the IPR situation is that the MS patent is defensive - it 
ensures that they (and we) can use the technology. Their license is 
positioned for maximum defensive value. I believe they (and we) would 
have been better off sacrificing some of the legal defense value for 
sub-licensing and more open source compatibility, but they obviously 
disagree. In fairness, I'll point out that they have effectively 
volunteered to pay for any patent defense that is necessary, and 
perhaps can not be blamed too much for a zealous approach to preventing 
litigation expense.

I suggest ignoring the patent. It's not in their interests to litigate 
this kind of defensive (read: bogus) patent if they can possibly help 
it - avoiding patent litigation is the entire point of defensive 
patents. We'll only see litigation if someone decides to file a 
competing patent claim and prevent MS (and the rest of us) from using 
Sender ID. In this scenario a patent holder with deep pockets is a 
desirable.

The idea that any email authentication algorithm that is not currently 
encumbered will remain so in the face of something as potent as spam 
prevention strikes me as a bit naive. Others have posted on the state 
of the USPTO office an software patents, so I won't repeat that here. A 
patent holder focused on milking the patent, rather than protecting 
large and profitable businesses, would produce far worse licensing 
terms. A patent holder acting on behalf of the open source community 
would presumably produce a more open source friendly license. But no 
patent claim is a temporary situation. We need to be realistic about 
this, and I suspect MS's position in many reflects painful experience 
with failing to patent things that the rest of us would call either 
obvious or long standing prior art. My experience has certainly been 
that it if it is useful, you need to patent it if you expect to 
continue to use it.

Margaret.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 06:54:40 2004
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From: Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com>
Subject: Re: TECH-OMISSION (-protocol): Partial IPs with CIDRs allowed?
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 06:25:32 -0400
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:09 AM, wayne wrote:

>
> In <20040908020217.GB23667@dumbo.pobox.com> Meng Weng Wong 
> <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com> writes:
>>
>> I have the feeling that people are going to write the first
>> form, so we might as well require implementations to support
>> it.  As long as it's not ambiguous, lazy is okay.
>>
>> Similarly "ipv4" and "ipv6" being synonyms for "ip4" and
>> "ip6", and "a:1.2.3.4" being interpreted as "ip4:1.2.3.4".
>> That seems to happen rather often.
>

> <rant>
>
[snip]
> I strongly believe that implementations MUST detect all syntax errors
> and return PermError in such cases.
>
> If we want to support these common deviations from the spec, I think
> we should put them into the spec and have all implementations support
> them.
>
I can not agree more. A spec that has a large number of common 
deviations is not a spec. It's a series of suggestions, and you wind up 
with a myriad of implementations doing all kinds of things, and it 
becomes impossible for a publisher to know if the record is really 
right or not.  A spec with many deviations tends to encourage more 
deviations and "improvements". Consistency is a BIG part of keeping it 
simple.

I don't mind if the syntax is extended to include the variants listed 
above, but it needs to be in the spec.

This reasoning applies to the MUST and SHOULD debate about TXT and the 
new SPF RR as well. If it's allowed, say so. If it's not, it's an 
error. And don't spec things that many implementations can't comply 
with!

> This is email we are talking about, not some formatting of a web
> page.  I think it would be very bad to require ever implementation of
> SPF/SenderID to know about weird voodoo magic that is needed to work
> reliably the way web browers are required to know.

Well, it's pretty bad on a web page too. The browser mess wastes 
buckets of development time in every organization all over the world. 
Let's not do that.

Margaret.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 08:27:01 2004
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In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409080857510.16829@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk>
 "from Tony Finch at Sep 8, 2004 09:12:39 am"
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Tony Finch:
> 
> On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Roy Badami wrote:
> >
> > How common is it for a forwarder to receive a message with multiple
> > recipients all of which require forwarding to the same MX...?
> 
> If we disabled the multiple recipient function our outgoing message load
> would rise by 20%.
> 
> > Do you mean that it's difficult to configure existing MTAs to behave
> > in this way, or that it would be difficult to introduce such
> > functionality into an MTA...?
> 
> I mean that it's effectively impossible to disable the multiple recipient
> function selectively (i.e. only in the cases that are a problem for
> Sender-ID).

That's a too general claim.  Sure, the simplest approach is to
disable multi-recipient deliveries for all messages that contain
at least one alias-forwarded recipient.  This is not needed when
the MTA stores sufficient additional information so that the
scheduler can make a more informed decision (such as the before
aliasing recipient address in addition to the final recipient).

	Wietse



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 09:16:17 2004
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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: IPR [was Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify]
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Margaret Olson
> Sent: Wednesday, September 08, 2004 6:13 AM
> To: Yakov Shafranovich
> Cc: Dave Crocker; Roy Badami; ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: DEPLOY: IPR [was Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select
> header address to verify]
>
>
>
> [I changed the tag and subject to match the topic of discussion]
>
> On Sep 7, 2004, at 8:43 PM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
> >
> > Dave Crocker wrote:
> >> My own guidance about whether to to treat an IPR claim seriously --
> >> particularly when it includes legal filings -- is to decide whether
> >> the claimant has the means and the resolve to pursue them.
> >
> > There is definitely means here, but I am not sure about the
> resolve.
> > Somehow I don't think they will make fools out of themselves,
> > especially considering that the FAT patent is being challenged.
> >
> >> The costs of being in IPR litigation are awesome, no matter how
> >> frivolous one might believe the claims to be.
> >
> > Considering what happened to the Eolas and FAT patents,
> challenging a
> > patent is now an option as well and is much cheaper.
> >
> > In any case, does this mean that anyone claiming IPR rights
> can stop
> > the standards process? That's not the reading I get from
> the cases of
> > IDN and IPSec.
>
> My reading of the IPR situation is that the MS patent is
> defensive - it
> ensures that they (and we) can use the technology. Their license is
> positioned for maximum defensive value.

Then why have such a restrictive license, indeed one that forces your competitors to inform you of
what they are working on?

> I believe they (and we) would have been better off sacrificing some of the legal defense value for
> sub-licensing and more open source compatibility, but they obviously disagree.

There is no disagreement.  You believe their patent is purely defensive.  Its clearly not *just*
defensive else why that discriminatory and/or restrictive license???

> In fairness, I'll point out that they have effectively
> volunteered to pay for any patent defense that is necessary, and

Of course, and what they get out of it is control from their competing MTA products: preventing the
competing MTA products from altering/enhancing/improving the MARID (thereby preventing them from
getting an edge with a better product).  Someone please correct me if I am wrong.  (Please let me be
wrong)

> perhaps can not be blamed too much for a zealous approach to
> preventing
> litigation expense.
>
> I suggest ignoring the patent. It's not in their interests to
> litigate
> this kind of defensive (read: bogus) patent if they can possibly help
> it - avoiding patent litigation is the entire point of defensive
> patents. We'll only see litigation if someone decides to file a
> competing patent claim and prevent MS (and the rest of us) from using
> Sender ID. In this scenario a patent holder with deep pockets is a
> desirable.
>
> The idea that any email authentication algorithm that is not
> currently
> encumbered will remain so in the face of something as potent as spam
> prevention strikes me as a bit naive. Others have posted on the state
> of the USPTO office an software patents, so I won't repeat
> that here. A
> patent holder focused on milking the patent, rather than protecting
> large and profitable businesses, would produce far worse licensing
> terms. A patent holder acting on behalf of the open source community
> would presumably produce a more open source friendly license. But no
> patent claim is a temporary situation. We need to be realistic about
> this, and I suspect MS's position in many reflects painful experience
> with failing to patent things that the rest of us would call either
> obvious or long standing prior art. My experience has certainly been
> that it if it is useful, you need to patent it if you expect to
> continue to use it.

Sure, OK.  But that still does NOT require a discriminatory and/or restrictive license!!!

Terry

>
> Margaret.
>



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From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
Subject: Re: TECH OMISSION: Stronger checks against email forgery
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On 7 Sep 2004, at 17:38, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> I think we are going in circles. Validating the bounce address only 
> prevents false bounces but allows phishing, validating "Sender" does 
> not stop phishing but allows bounces plus does not take into account 
> forwarding, validating the "from" headers stops phishing but allows 
> bounces. Which one of these do we really want?

Validating the "from" headers in no way stops phishing.

It may give us some comfort to think that in some future we might be 
able to whitelist "from" headers, with some certainty that they aren't 
forged, but that's all it does. A whitelist (or reputation list) does 
not stop phishing.

Matt.


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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 09:25:33 2004
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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Wietse Venema wrote:
> Tony Finch:
> >
> > I mean that it's effectively impossible to disable the multiple recipient
> > function selectively (i.e. only in the cases that are a problem for
> > Sender-ID).
>
> That's a too general claim.

You're right, I need to go into more detail.

> Sure, the simplest approach is to disable multi-recipient deliveries for
> all messages that contain at least one alias-forwarded recipient.  This
> is not needed when the MTA stores sufficient additional information so
> that the scheduler can make a more informed decision (such as the before
> aliasing recipient address in addition to the final recipient).

The problem is that (in general) my systems don't have enough local
information to know that a message they are passing from the Internet to
somewhere inside the University is later going to pass back out (which is
when the change needs to be made). In many cases the message will pass
back out via a route which does not pass though my systems.

Roy Badami points out that I could add a Resent-From: header whenever a
message leaves my jurisdiction, whether that is further into the
University or out to the Internet. This depends on the servers in
departments and colleges to do the right thing, if we want the University
as a whole to be compliant. It also restricts the proportion of email that
can have multiple recipients.

This is all a great deal of effort and complexity. It's much simpler to
gain compliance by just sticking Resent-From: mailer-daemon@ppsw.cam.ac.uk
on every message (ppsw is the name of our relay for historical reasons);
this is not in the spirit of Sender-ID but it does the job without
de-optimising everything.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SOUTH FITZROY: CYCLONIC 3 OR 4. THUNDERY SHOWERS. MODERATE OR GOOD.



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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 09:37:18 -0400
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It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of last 
call) that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the 
deployment of Sender ID.  This lack of consensus centers around the IPR 
associated with the PRA algorithm.  Since predicting deployment is a 
subjective matter and not strictly a technical concern, we would like 
to offer the working group a proposal for modifying Sender ID that 
would take the issue of deployment out of the hands of the IETF and 
place it in the hands of the ultimate decision-makers, the systems and 
network administrators of the Internet.  We feel that this is where 
decisions of deployment should really be made.

It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group 
are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in 
draft-mengwong-spf.  Therefore, we ask for consideration of the 
following proposal:

The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)

    version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
    ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
    ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
    name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )

And the following stipulations:

  1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
  2) multiple records are allowed
  3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for 
validity purposes

The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
proposal?

-andy



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
>
> It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of last call)
> that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the deployment of
> Sender ID.  This lack of consensus centers around the IPR associated with the
> PRA algorithm.

Isn't there also IPR associated with the -core document?

> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
>
>    version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>    ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>    ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>    name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )

Will there also be a helo scope?

We can't use either pra or mailfrom because they break forwarding.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
ST DAVIDS HEAD TO COLWYN BAY, INCLUDING ST GEORGES CHANNEL: EAST 3 OR 4,
OCCASIONALLY 5 LATER. FAIR. GOOD. SLIGHT.



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Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group 
> are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in 
> draft-mengwong-spf.  Therefore, we ask for consideration of the 
> following proposal:
> 
> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
> 
>    version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>    ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>    ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>    name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
> 
> And the following stipulations:
> 
>  1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
>  2) multiple records are allowed
>  3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for 
> validity purposes
> 
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors with 
> the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this proposal?
> 

I like it but what happens if I want to do both mailfrom and pra, would 
I publish two records?

Does this also increase a chance for collisions perhaps needing a prefix?

If the scope of a Sender-ID record could be used to signify many things, 
does that mean that beside mailfrom and pra, other extensions are 
possible in the future? Would that require an IANA registry?

Yakov



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Tony Finch asked:
>
> Isn't there also IPR associated with the -core document?

In anticipation of the opportunity to use marid-core on its own, i.e. not in
conjunction with marid-pra, I asked Harry a similar question, and got the reply:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04413.html


Chris Haynes




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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 03:37:52PM +0100, Tony Finch wrote:
> 
> On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
> >
> > It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of last call)
> > that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the deployment of
> > Sender ID.  This lack of consensus centers around the IPR associated with the
> > PRA algorithm.
> 
> Isn't there also IPR associated with the -core document?


It's my understanding (based in part on a recent clarification by Mr.
Katz as requested by Yakov and others) that -core in isolation is
unencumbered.  

I suggested a few weeks ago that if the IPR was truly a show-stopper
that we may want to consider just going ahead without the document
embodying PRA; I'm still okay with that solution.  I'll need to think a
bit about Andrew's specific suggestion, but it looks fine on the face of
it.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> And the following stipulations:
>
>   1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
>   2) multiple records are allowed
>   3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for
> validity purposes
>
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this
> proposal?

While I am personally in favor of allowing multiple scopes in the same
record, I think that this proposal will cause more problems than it
seemingly might solve, specifically for forwarders.

In particular, there is nothing in the current drafts that explain how to
modify messages or envelopes to allow forwarding/mail list/mx backup
operation...and I'm really hoping you're not suggesting we simply bring
SRS in to the fold.

-Rand



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Subject: Re: TECH-OMISSION (-core): alias-forwarding and multiple recipients
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409081346000.16829@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk>
 "from Tony Finch at Sep 8, 2004 02:02:20 pm"
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Tony Finch:
> 
> On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Wietse Venema wrote:
> > Tony Finch:
> > >
> > > I mean that it's effectively impossible to disable the multiple recipient
> > > function selectively (i.e. only in the cases that are a problem for
> > > Sender-ID).
> >
> > That's a too general claim.
> 
> You're right, I need to go into more detail.
> 
> > Sure, the simplest approach is to disable multi-recipient deliveries for
> > all messages that contain at least one alias-forwarded recipient.  This
> > is not needed when the MTA stores sufficient additional information so
> > that the scheduler can make a more informed decision (such as the before
> > aliasing recipient address in addition to the final recipient).
> 
> The problem is that (in general) my systems don't have enough local
> information to know that a message they are passing from the Internet to
> somewhere inside the University is later going to pass back out (which is
> when the change needs to be made). In many cases the message will pass
> back out via a route which does not pass though my systems.

The Sender ID spec suggests that Sender ID information is added by
the MTA that does the aliasing/forwarding.

Isn't the whole problem that you are trying to move that function
from the aliasing/forwarding MTA to a gateway MTA?

Please forgive the ASCII art:

                 -> relay -> inside machine
        internet               alias/forward
                 <---------- some recipients

There is a problem when you try to move that function from the
aliasing/forwarding MTA to the inbound relay, because the inbound
relay does not have enough information. Either the inbound relay
would slap on the same generic Resent- information on all mail, or
it would have to de-optimize all inbound deliveries and give each
recipient their own Resent- information, on the odd chance that
some will be forwarded out.

Likewise, there is a problem when you try to move that function
from the aliasing/forwarding MTA to an outbound relay. Only the
aliasing/forwarding MTA has accurate information.  The outbound
relay would have to slap the same Resent- information on all mail.

	Wietse



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Tony Finch" <dot@dotat.at> wrote:
> Isn't there also IPR associated with the -core document?

No, the IPR is associated with -core and -pra taken together. Harry Katz
from Microsoft confirmed it yesterday in:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04413.html

----------------------
From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
Sent: Tuesday, September 07, 2004 12:34 PM
Subject: RE: Motion to abandon Sender ID

> If you were able to confirm that the Microsoft disclosure /
> IPR claims do not cover the marid-core spec. taken in
> isolation, that would be extremely helpful and could allay
> some people's concerns.
>
> Chris Haynes

Confirmed.
----------------------

Best,
GFK's
-- 
Guillaume Filion, ing. jr
Logidac Tech., Beaumont, Québec, Canada - http://logidac.com/
PGP Key and more: http://guillaume.filion.org/



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On 8 Sep 2004, at 15:37, Tony Finch wrote:

> Isn't there also IPR associated with the -core document?

Not directly:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04413.html


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Tony Finch wrote:

> On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
>>It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of last call)
>>that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the deployment of
>>Sender ID.  This lack of consensus centers around the IPR associated with the
>>PRA algorithm.
> 
> 
> Isn't there also IPR associated with the -core document?
> 

Only when used in conjuction with PRA:

http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.mxcomp/4590

Yakov



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 10:44 AM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> I like it but what happens if I want to do both mailfrom and pra, 
> would I publish two records?

The intent of the syntax is to allow one record to specify both pra and 
mailfrom if they are the same.  If they are not the same, then a record 
for each is allowed.

-andy



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On Sep 8, 2004, at 11:13 AM, Rand Wacker wrote:

> While I am personally in favor of allowing multiple scopes in the same
> record, I think that this proposal will cause more problems than it
> seemingly might solve, specifically for forwarders.
>
> In particular, there is nothing in the current drafts that explain how 
> to
> modify messages or envelopes to allow forwarding/mail list/mx backup
> operation...and I'm really hoping you're not suggesting we simply bring
> SRS in to the fold.

Are you talking about the MAIL FROM case or the PRA case?  Otherwise, I 
do not understand your objection.

-andy



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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> On Sep 8, 2004, at 11:13 AM, Rand Wacker wrote:
>
> > While I am personally in favor of allowing multiple scopes in the same
> > record, I think that this proposal will cause more problems than it
> > seemingly might solve, specifically for forwarders.
> >
> > In particular, there is nothing in the current drafts that explain how
> > to modify messages or envelopes to allow forwarding/mail list/mx
> > backup operation...and I'm really hoping you're not suggesting we
> > simply bring SRS in to the fold.
>
> Are you talking about the MAIL FROM case or the PRA case?  Otherwise, I
> do not understand your objection.

The envelope bounce address (MAIL FROM) case.  You're right, it wouldn't
make sense otherwise. ;)

-Rand



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Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> On Sep 8, 2004, at 10:44 AM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
>> I like it but what happens if I want to do both mailfrom and pra, 
>> would I publish two records?
> 
> 
> The intent of the syntax is to allow one record to specify both pra and 
> mailfrom if they are the same.  If they are not the same, then a record 
> for each is allowed.
> 

Can you give an example of both?



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 at Sep 8, 2004 09:37:18 am"
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Andrew Newton:
> It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group 
> are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in 
> draft-mengwong-spf.  Therefore, we ask for consideration of the 
> following proposal:
> 
> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
> 
>     version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>     ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>     ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>     name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
> 
> And the following stipulations:
> 
>   1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
>   2) multiple records are allowed
>   3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for 
> validity purposes
> 
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
> proposal?

draft-mengwong-spf ('mailfrom') changes the return-path, and would
need a companion document that fixes the sender notification problem.

	Wietse



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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 08:13:20AM -0700, Rand Wacker wrote:
| 
| In particular, there is nothing in the current drafts that explain how to
| modify messages or envelopes to allow forwarding/mail list/mx backup
| operation...and I'm really hoping you're not suggesting we simply bring
| SRS in to the fold.
| 

If we specify that spf/HELO and spf/SUBMITTER always
override spf/MAIL-FROM, then there is no need for SRS.

For example, at the envelope level only, given Alice sending
mail to Bob who forwards to Robert,

Step 1:
  HELO alice.mta
  MAIL FROM:<alice>
  RCPT TO:<bob>
  DATA
    From: <alice>

Step 2:
  HELO bob.mta
  MAIL FROM:<alice> SUBMITTER=<bob>
  RCPT TO:<robert>
  DATA
    Resent-From: <bob>

At step 2, the receiver can apply spf/HELO tests (or SPF
Lite or CSV or even IP based whitelisting) to bob.mta, and
approve the forwarder based on that.

The receiver can also apply spf/SUBMITTER tests to <bob>,
and approve the forwarder based on that.

Whether the receiver trusts the forwarder through a global
mechanism such as trusted-forwarder.org, or through a local
whitelist of known forwarders, or simply wishes to apply an
open-by-default policy or a closed-by-default policy, can be
up to them.

I predict that commercial forwarding services will do SRS
anyway.



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>	Section 4. Mechanism Definitions:
>
<snip>
>
>	Is it OK to write 1.2.3/24, or MUST I write 1.2.3.0/24? It would
be easier for implementation if the >second form was required.
>
<snip>
>

	I would prefer MUST in this case. Would save a few lines of code
and doesn't limit anything.

>
>	-Max
>-- 
>Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
>2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
>Kerio Technologies, Inc.

Regards,
Damon Sauer



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
Cc: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 15:37 +0100, Tony Finch wrote:
> > The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
> >
> >    version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
> >    ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
> >    ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
> >    name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
> 
> Will there also be a helo scope?
> 
> We can't use either pra or mailfrom because they break forwarding.

A HELO scope would be useful. I could publish records for that, whereas
I could not publish records for either pra or mailfrom for much the same
reasons as Tony has already described.

-- 
dwmw2



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To: Harry Katz <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
Cc: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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On Tue, 2004-09-07 at 10:33 -0700, Harry Katz wrote:
> Lastly, the RFC states that Resent- headers are not "intended" for use
> in some types of forwarding, but *does not* prescribe that they MUST NOT
> be used in this way.  

> Thus, we believe our proposed use of Resent- headers is indeed
> permissible.  I would further suggest, given the threat posed to email
> by the spam crisis, that this would be an "opportune moment" to broaden
> the "intended" use of these fields. 

Why reuse existing fields which mean something different, instead of
adding new fields or perhaps adding to the Received: header?

It seems strange to hijack the Resent-* fields instead of just doing
something new. 

Since we're discussing RFC2822 -- your mail software fails to follow the
recommendation of Â§3.6.4 that reply messages SHOULD have "In-Reply-To:"
and "References:" fields. Please could you ensure that this gets fixed.
It is impolite to participate in public fora while breaking the
threading information.

-- 
dwmw2



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Subject: RE: TECH-OMISSION (-protocol): Partial IPs with CIDRs allowed?
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 09:39:36 -0700
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Hmmm... so "64/8" would be valid ?

I'm not very comfortable with that.

n8
 


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Meng Weng Wong
Sent: Tuesday, September 07, 2004 7:02 PM
To: Max Kanat-Alexander
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: TECH-OMISSION (-protocol): Partial IPs with CIDRs allowed?



On Tue, Sep 07, 2004 at 05:47:22PM -0700, Max Kanat-Alexander wrote:
| 
| 	Is it OK to write 1.2.3/24, or MUST I write 1.2.3.0/24? It would
be
| easier for implementation if the second form was required.
| 
| 	My apologies if this has already been mentioned or discussed
elsewhere.
| 

I have the feeling that people are going to write the first
form, so we might as well require implementations to support
it.  As long as it's not ambiguous, lazy is okay.

Similarly "ipv4" and "ipv6" being synonyms for "ip4" and
"ip6", and "a:1.2.3.4" being interpreted as "ip4:1.2.3.4".
That seems to happen rather often.






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From: Tripp Cox <tripp@corp.earthlink.net>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 12:54:16 -0400
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 9:37 AM, Andrew Newton wrote:

> It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group 
> are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in 
> draft-mengwong-spf.  Therefore, we ask for consideration of the 
> following proposal:
>
> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
>
>    version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>    ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>    ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>    name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )

I agree with decoupling scope from the base record format.  If we're 
going to modify -protocol, I suggest we further decouple the version 
string from the base record format.  To wit:

    version		= "spf/" ver-major "." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," 
ver-scope )
    ver-major	= 1*DIGIT
    ver-minor	= 1*DIGIT
    ver-scope	= "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
    name		= alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )

Doing this would help further delineate the static and variable parts 
of the version string.  I also recommend that the RR type defined for 
-protocol be modified to drop the superfluous "2".

Sample applied use:

example.com.	IN SPF	"spf/2.0/pra,mailfrom  mx a:smtp.example.com 
a:smtp.marketingco.com ?all"
			IN SPF	"spf/2.0/mta mx a:smtp.example.com -a:192.0.2.0/24 ?all"
			IN TXT	"spf/2.0/pra,mailfrom  mx a:smtp.example.com 
a:smtp.marketingco.com ?all"
			IN TXT	"spf/2.0/mta mx a:smtp.example.com -a:192.0.2.0/24 ?all"

In future versions, perhaps:

example.com	IN SPF	"spf/2.1/xmlstr <spf 
xmlns='http://domain.com/1'><pra><m><mx/></m></pra></spf>"
example.com	IN SPF	"spf/2.2/xmldoc http://example.com/spf/policy.xml"

			
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
> proposal?

I see no harm in taking this opportunity to allow for future versions 
of Sender-ID with additional scopes and different record formats.

Tripp



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
From: Ryan Ordway <ryan@nwgeeks.com>
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On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 06:37, Andrew Newton wrote:

> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
> 
>     version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>     ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>     ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>     name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
> 
> And the following stipulations:
> 
>   1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
>   2) multiple records are allowed
>   3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for 
> validity purposes
> 
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
> proposal?

	I fully support the extraction of the patent encumbered
PRA. I do have concerns about forwarding and compatibility with
existing records, so I will reserve my judgement until the new
drafts have been published.

	Ryan

-- 
HELO, my name is root... you have SIGKILLed my father... prepare to vi!



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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 13:25:39 2004
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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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David Woodhouse wrote:

> On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 15:37 +0100, Tony Finch wrote:
> 
>>>The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
>>>
>>>   version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>>>   ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>>>   ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>>>   name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
>>
>>Will there also be a helo scope?
>>
>>We can't use either pra or mailfrom because they break forwarding.
> 
> 
> A HELO scope would be useful. I could publish records for that, whereas
> I could not publish records for either pra or mailfrom for much the same
> reasons as Tony has already described.
> 

I think that Andy's proposal would make Sender-ID extensible enough to 
allow for all kinds of scopes.

Yakov



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In <B468F120-017F-11D9-AFEC-000A95BC6A7E@margaretolson.com> Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com> writes:


>           In fairness, I'll point out that they have effectively
> volunteered to pay for any patent defense that is necessary, and
> perhaps can not be blamed too much for a zealous approach to
> preventing litigation expense.

No, MS has only volunteered to pay for any patent defense filed
against them.  Patent enforcement can be selective.  If Patent Trolls
Inc decides to start out small to strengthen their case, they could
start by suing sourceforge or me.  Nothing in the SenderID license says that
MS would come to sourceforge's or my aid.


> I suggest ignoring the patent. 

Also, in <413E3531.7010906@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is
> irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and
> IPSec. Or can we?


Both Margaret and Yakov suggest that "we" can ignore the MS patent.
There is clearly a risk involved for those who do, but apparently both
feel that the risk is pretty small.


Would those of you who suggest ignoring the patent please also
volunteer to pay for any and all costs associated with a (potential)
lawsuit from MS for not using their license?

If the risks are really as small as you two suggest, surely this
wouldn't be a problem for you to do.  If you are not willing to pay
such costs, why are you suggesting that people like me who write and
distribute software that would violate the patent take that risk?


-wayne




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Another thing: the macro language should have a letter for interpolating
the scope.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SOUTH UTSIRE: VARIABLE 3 OR 4. MAINLY FAIR. MODERATE OR GOOD.



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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 08 Sep 2004 09:37:18 EDT."
             <33F089AA-019C-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> 
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Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote:

>     ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name

[...]

>   2) multiple records are allowed
>   3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for 
> validity purposes

does this mean the mail receiver queries for the RR(s) and selects from what
is there if that fits its own supported set of scopes or should at the time
of the DNS query the receiving MTA already have made its choice?

-Peter



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In <33F089AA-019C-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of
> last call) that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the
> deployment of Sender ID.

Sadly, I agree with this assessment.   :-<



>                                         Since predicting deployment is
> a subjective matter and not strictly a technical concern, we would
> like to offer the working group a proposal for modifying Sender ID
> that would take the issue of deployment out of the hands of the IETF
> and place it in the hands of the ultimate decision-makers, the systems
> and network administrators of the Internet. 

Are you saying that, by adding the mailfrom scope, you think that the
marid-pra I-D can/should advance?   If so, I strongly disagree with
this position.




> It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group
> are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in
> draft-mengwong-spf.  

Several comments:

1) I really doubt that we will be able to gain any sort of consensus
   on the support of 2821.MAILFROM in the time remaining in the
   current last call.


2) As others have pointed out, SPF-classic required 2821.HELO checking
   in some cases and allowed 2821.HELO checking in all cases.
   Therefore, I think that at least a 2821.HELO scope needs to be
   added.

3) I think that it is critical to also add the %{e} scope macro
   variable, as mentioned several times on this list.  

   
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this
> proposal?

I support work along this line.


-wayne




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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 06:37, Andrew Newton wrote:
> It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of last 
> call) that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the 
> deployment of Sender ID.  This lack of consensus centers around the IPR 
> associated with the PRA algorithm.  Since predicting deployment is a 
> subjective matter and not strictly a technical concern, we would like 
> to offer the working group a proposal for modifying Sender ID that 
> would take the issue of deployment out of the hands of the IETF and 
> place it in the hands of the ultimate decision-makers, the systems and 
> network administrators of the Internet.  We feel that this is where 
> decisions of deployment should really be made.
> 
> It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group 
> are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in 
> draft-mengwong-spf.  Therefore, we ask for consideration of the 
> following proposal:
> 
> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
> 
>     version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>     ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>     ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>     name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
> 
> And the following stipulations:
> 
>   1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
>   2) multiple records are allowed
>   3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for 
> validity purposes
> 
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
> proposal?

Checking RFC2821 MAIL FROM offers more value than did checking the PRA. 
The PRA allows spoofing the RFC2822 From anyway.  The network overhead
of this script is still a concern, especially as this draft allows
extensions outside the standards process.  Merging two mechanism will
increase this overhead.

There is also an issue when the list of the MTA addresses is marked as
not comprehensive, which could cause this record to be exploited.  This
is related to the forwarding issue, also not properly addressed either. 
This is also where Jim Lyon expressed his opinion that anyone that
employs this non-comprehensive option, perhaps in an effort to allow
forwarding, will find themselves blacklisted.

Both of these fundamental and serious shortcomings can be addressed by
making a structural change.

The mailbox domain obtained from either MAIL FROM or the PRA assumes the
unverifiable integrity of the mail channel and thus are not suitable as
a basis for a reputation assessment.  The number of DNS lookups required
to resolve the MTA to mailbox domain relationship can be confined to a
single DNS lookup, if a name for the MTA is first authenticated.  This
resolves the network overhead issue and the problem of a
non-comprehensive MTA to mailbox domain relationship, as the
relationship and the MTA authentication become independent functions. 
An authenticated MTA name is suitable for reputation assessment, and
removes the danger expressed by Jim Lyon.

Those that wish to employ a restrictive relationship with their MTA and
mailbox domains can easily do so without the need for the PRA
algorithm.  For some situations, such as for financial transactions,
there may not be a desire to have messages forwarded or sent through a
list server, when the message is restricted by either or both the MAIL
FROM or From fields.  There are also alternatives to SRS as well.

Beyond the IPR, there are pressing technical issues that can be
adequately rectified using this different two-step structural approach. 

The MTA and mailbox domain should normally be treated as a nominal
relationship useful for coloring mail, where most of the compatibility
issues then vanish.  By declaring the MTA name as the only identity
suitable for reputation assessment, this allows a lightweight scheme
that can help combat Trojan proxies, and protect users from being
falsely blacklisted.  It also forms the basis for a simplistic means of
expressing an MTA to mailbox domain relationship.

-Doug






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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Nate Leon wrote:

> Hmmm... so "64/8" would be valid ?
> I'm not very comfortable with that.

I'm not happy about it either and always used full cidr notaation
(64.0.0.0/8) but 64/8 is unfortunetly a valid representation of cidr.
I've had discussions about it before year ago in regards to ip whois and 
in the end a text was found from some old RFC which specified it.
I'll try to find those old emails and then post to the list.

I do note that since we do have classless cidr (RFC1519), old RFCs before 
that may not be correct. At the same time RFC1519 is not exactly great
guide either as its using cisco-specific syntax.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/




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To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>, Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
From: Jim Fenton <fenton@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and
  versioning/scope
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
In-Reply-To: <20040908154529.GE23667@dumbo.pobox.com>
References: <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409080810280.4819@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
 <33F089AA-019C-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us>
 <Pine.LNX.4.51.0409080810280.4819@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com>
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	c:"Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and=0A  version"
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At 11:45 AM 9/8/2004 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>Step 2:
>  HELO bob.mta
>  MAIL FROM:<alice> SUBMITTER=<bob>
>  RCPT TO:<robert>
>  DATA
>    Resent-From: <bob>
>
>At step 2, the receiver can apply spf/HELO tests (or SPF
>Lite or CSV or even IP based whitelisting) to bob.mta, and
>approve the forwarder based on that.
>
>The receiver can also apply spf/SUBMITTER tests to <bob>,
>and approve the forwarder based on that.

Wouldn't this require a PRA check to verify that SUBMITTER is consistent with the message headers, and wouldn't that be encumbered?

-Jim



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To: Tripp Cox <tripp@corp.earthlink.net>
CC: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
References: <33F089AA-019C-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> <B87D2E99-01B7-11D9-AC53-000A95BDB38A@corp.earthlink.net>
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Tripp Cox wrote:
>> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
>> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
>> proposal?
> 
> 
> I see no harm in taking this opportunity to allow for future versions of 
> Sender-ID with additional scopes and different record formats.
> 

I agree.

Yakov

P.S. Lets not forget an IANA registry for scope names.



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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: IPR [was Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select
 header address to verify]
References: <20040906193031.16757.qmail@tom.iecc.com>	<16700.54574.131760.728158@giles.gnomon.org.uk>	<626048219.20040907073928@brandenburg.com>	<16700.61568.149508.266801@giles.gnomon.org.uk>	<413D087F.7090505@solidmatrix.com>	<16701.2722.149695.20569@giles.gnomon.org.uk>	<413D0FB7.9080903@solidmatrix.com>	<16702.13483.861326.183032@giles.gnomon.org.uk>	<413E3531.7010906@solidmatrix.com>	<1322218026.20040908084909@brandenburg.com>	<413E5598.8030009@solidmatrix.com>	<B468F120-017F-11D9-AFEC-000A95BC6A7E@margaretolson.com> <x4656o1ykv.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
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wayne wrote:
> Also, in <413E3531.7010906@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
> 
> 
>>Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is
>>irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and
>>IPSec. Or can we?
> 
> 
> Both Margaret and Yakov suggest that "we" can ignore the MS patent.
> There is clearly a risk involved for those who do, but apparently both
> feel that the risk is pretty small.

I specifically left it as an open question. I was purely speculating.

> 
> Would those of you who suggest ignoring the patent please also
> volunteer to pay for any and all costs associated with a (potential)
> lawsuit from MS for not using their license?
> 
> If the risks are really as small as you two suggest, surely this
> wouldn't be a problem for you to do.  If you are not willing to pay
> such costs, why are you suggesting that people like me who write and
> distribute software that would violate the patent take that risk?
> 

I was suggesting no such thing. Rather, as IETF's history has shown it 
has been done before without detriment, and I was simply asking whether 
it is a viable option. In any case, given the chairs' statement on 
consensus this is irrelevant. We will not be able to reach consensus 
with the IPR issues anyway.

Yakov



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Cc: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 08:13:20AM -0700, Rand Wacker wrote:
> In particular, there is nothing in the current drafts that explain how to
> modify messages or envelopes to allow forwarding/mail list/mx backup
> operation...and I'm really hoping you're not suggesting we simply bring
> SRS in to the fold.

What is wrong with SRS? I think it's an ingenious solution that works.
Ok, it mangles the MAIL FROM adresses, but these are not for users
anyway but for the MTA. Furthermore, if as an administrator you can take
the trouble to go through the headers and all, you can most certainly
also 'unmangle' the srs address.

Anyway, I've been doing srs for a while now, and I haven't got any
complaints about it from those whom I forward to. Neither have I had any
problems with it.

Koen

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



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        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and  versioning/scope
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Jim Fenton wrote:

> At 11:45 AM 9/8/2004 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> 
>> Step 2: HELO bob.mta MAIL FROM:<alice> SUBMITTER=<bob> RCPT
>> TO:<robert> DATA Resent-From: <bob>
>> 
>> At step 2, the receiver can apply spf/HELO tests (or SPF Lite or
>> CSV or even IP based whitelisting) to bob.mta, and approve the
>> forwarder based on that.
>> 
>> The receiver can also apply spf/SUBMITTER tests to <bob>, and
>> approve the forwarder based on that.
> 
> 
> Wouldn't this require a PRA check to verify that SUBMITTER is
> consistent with the message headers, and wouldn't that be encumbered?
> 

No, SUBMITTER would be compared against the Sender-ID records directly 
without touching the headers.

Ykaov



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: IPR [was Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select
	header address to verify]
From: Max Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@kerio.com>
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
In-Reply-To: <x4656o1ykv.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
References: <20040906193031.16757.qmail@tom.iecc.com>
	 <16700.54574.131760.728158@giles.gnomon.org.uk>
	 <626048219.20040907073928@brandenburg.com>
	 <16700.61568.149508.266801@giles.gnomon.org.uk>
	 <413D087F.7090505@solidmatrix.com>
	 <16701.2722.149695.20569@giles.gnomon.org.uk>
	 <413D0FB7.9080903@solidmatrix.com>
	 <16702.13483.861326.183032@giles.gnomon.org.uk>
	 <413E3531.7010906@solidmatrix.com>
	 <1322218026.20040908084909@brandenburg.com>
	 <413E5598.8030009@solidmatrix.com>
	 <B468F120-017F-11D9-AFEC-000A95BC6A7E@margaretolson.com>
	 <x4656o1ykv.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
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On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 10:04, wayne wrote:
> >           In fairness, I'll point out that they have effectively
> > volunteered to pay for any patent defense that is necessary, and
> > perhaps can not be blamed too much for a zealous approach to
> > preventing litigation expense.
> 
> No, MS has only volunteered to pay for any patent defense filed
> against them.  Patent enforcement can be selective.  If Patent Trolls
> Inc decides to start out small to strengthen their case, they could
> start by suing sourceforge or me.  Nothing in the SenderID license says that
> MS would come to sourceforge's or my aid.

	IANAL (but I was a Legal Studies major in college).

	However, I suspect that if anybody challenged Microsoft's patent
anywhere, by suing anybody, they would be concerned as it could create
precedent which invalidates their patent. Invalid patent then leaves the
Exchange group open to a lawsuit from Patent Trolls Inc.

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.




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Cc: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 15:12:34 -0400
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:06 PM, David Woodhouse wrote:

> A HELO scope would be useful.

That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.

-andy



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From: Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com>
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: IPR [was Re: TECH: use fetchmail algorithm to select header address to verify]
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 14:21:10 -0400
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 1:04 PM, wayne wrote:

>
> In <B468F120-017F-11D9-AFEC-000A95BC6A7E@margaretolson.com> Margaret 
> Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com> writes:
>
>
>>           In fairness, I'll point out that they have effectively
>> volunteered to pay for any patent defense that is necessary, and
>> perhaps can not be blamed too much for a zealous approach to
>> preventing litigation expense.
>
> No, MS has only volunteered to pay for any patent defense filed
> against them.  Patent enforcement can be selective.  If Patent Trolls
> Inc decides to start out small to strengthen their case, they could
> start by suing sourceforge or me.  Nothing in the SenderID license 
> says that
> MS would come to sourceforge's or my aid.

This is an issue exists regardless of the IPR holder and the licensing 
terms, so you run the risk of a patent troll in any scenario. Spam 
prevention has a history of frivolous patent claims.

>
>> I suggest ignoring the patent.
>
> Also, in <413E3531.7010906@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich 
> <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
>
>> Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is
>> irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and
>> IPSec. Or can we?
>
>
> Both Margaret and Yakov suggest that "we" can ignore the MS patent.
> There is clearly a risk involved for those who do, but apparently both
> feel that the risk is pretty small.
>
> Would those of you who suggest ignoring the patent please also
> volunteer to pay for any and all costs associated with a (potential)
> lawsuit from MS for not using their license?

I can't speak for Yakov, but I'm suggesting that this working group 
ignore the IPR issue as irrelevant. You may or may not choose to ignore 
it for yourself.

Margaret.



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope 
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 15:20:04 -0400
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 1:13 PM, Peter Koch wrote:

> does this mean the mail receiver queries for the RR(s) and selects 
> from what
> is there if that fits its own supported set of scopes or should at the 
> time
> of the DNS query the receiving MTA already have made its choice?

If I understand your question, the intent is the former.  Or to put it 
another way, there is one SPF/TXT query and not a scope targeted query.

-andy



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and  versioning/scope
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Douglas Otis wrote:

> On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 11:19, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
>>Jim Fenton wrote:
>>
>>>At 11:45 AM 9/8/2004 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>Step 2: HELO bob.mta MAIL FROM:<alice> SUBMITTER=<bob> RCPT
>>>>TO:<robert> DATA Resent-From: <bob>
>>>>
>>>>At step 2, the receiver can apply spf/HELO tests (or SPF Lite or
>>>>CSV or even IP based whitelisting) to bob.mta, and approve the
>>>>forwarder based on that.
>>>>
>>>>The receiver can also apply spf/SUBMITTER tests to <bob>, and
>>>>approve the forwarder based on that.
>>>
>>>Wouldn't this require a PRA check to verify that SUBMITTER is
>>>consistent with the message headers, and wouldn't that be encumbered?
>>
>>No, SUBMITTER would be compared against the Sender-ID records directly 
>>without touching the headers.
> 
> 
> This means there would be no record which identity was used to permit
> the message.  What an ideal way to spoof.
> 

Let me rephrase that: SUBMITTER would be compared against the Sender-ID 
records directly without *examining* the headers.

You can still record the result of that and the parameter in some header.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and  versioning/scope
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Jim Fenton <fenton@cisco.com>, Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>,
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On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 11:19, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Jim Fenton wrote:
> > At 11:45 AM 9/8/2004 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> > 
> >> Step 2: HELO bob.mta MAIL FROM:<alice> SUBMITTER=<bob> RCPT
> >> TO:<robert> DATA Resent-From: <bob>
> >> 
> >> At step 2, the receiver can apply spf/HELO tests (or SPF Lite or
> >> CSV or even IP based whitelisting) to bob.mta, and approve the
> >> forwarder based on that.
> >> 
> >> The receiver can also apply spf/SUBMITTER tests to <bob>, and
> >> approve the forwarder based on that.
> > 
> > Wouldn't this require a PRA check to verify that SUBMITTER is
> > consistent with the message headers, and wouldn't that be encumbered?
> 
> No, SUBMITTER would be compared against the Sender-ID records directly 
> without touching the headers.

This means there would be no record which identity was used to permit
the message.  What an ideal way to spoof.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 1:20 PM, wayne wrote:

> Are you saying that, by adding the mailfrom scope, you think that the
> marid-pra I-D can/should advance?   If so, I strongly disagree with
> this position.

Yes.  And I'm confused as to why you would disagree, even if you do not 
intend to do PRA checking.  There is no IPR issue with publishing both 
a PRA and MAIL FROM scope, just checking the PRA scope.  So even though 
you have no intention to do it, why would you insist that other should 
not?

-andy



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and  versioning/scope
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Jim Fenton <fenton@cisco.com>, Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>,
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On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 12:20, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Douglas Otis wrote:
> > On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 11:19, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >> Jim Fenton wrote:
> >>> At 11:45 AM 9/8/2004 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> >>>
> >>>> Step 2: HELO bob.mta MAIL FROM:<alice> SUBMITTER=<bob> RCPT
> >>>> TO:<robert> DATA Resent-From: <bob>
> >>>>
> >>>> At step 2, the receiver can apply spf/HELO tests (or SPF Lite or
> >>>> CSV or even IP based whitelisting) to bob.mta, and approve the
> >>>> forwarder based on that.
> >>>>
> >>>> The receiver can also apply spf/SUBMITTER tests to <bob>, and
> >>>> approve the forwarder based on that.
> >>>
> >>> Wouldn't this require a PRA check to verify that SUBMITTER is
> >>> consistent with the message headers, and wouldn't that be encumbered?
> >>
> >> No, SUBMITTER would be compared against the Sender-ID records directly 
> >> without touching the headers.
> > 
> > This means there would be no record which identity was used to permit
> > the message.  What an ideal way to spoof. 
> 
> Let me rephrase that: SUBMITTER would be compared against the Sender-ID 
> records directly without *examining* the headers.
> 
> You can still record the result of that and the parameter in some header.

This undefined header will also be spoofed.  Are you suggesting removal
of this header, if present, and insertion of a "X-Assumed PRA" header
depending upon whether the check has been made and whether the PRA
selection was assumed valid?

This becomes irrelevant should the MTA/Mailbox domain relationships be
viewed as nominal assertions against MAIL FROM and From mailbox domains
and the MTA authentication is an independent operation.  Where PRA plays
a role is equally accommodated by the EHLO name anyway.

-Doug



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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:06 PM, David Woodhouse wrote:
> 
> > A HELO scope would be useful.
> 
> That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.

Right, but with a different syntax and storage. If we could move forwards 
now with a unified syntax and storage that would be useful.

Matt.x


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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 03:37:52PM +0100,
 Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote 
 a message of 26 lines which said:

> We can't use either pra or mailfrom because they break forwarding.

Forwarding can be "repaired" with things like SUBMITTER or SRS (I
prefer SUBMITTER). SPF-classic breaks forwarding but SenderID may be
changed to repair it.



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On Sep 8, 2004, at 3:51 PM, Matt Sergeant wrote:

> Right, but with a different syntax and storage. If we could move 
> forwards
> now with a unified syntax and storage that would be useful.

This working group has already been through this and concluded that CSV 
was sufficiently different enough in its intentions and tact that it 
should not share the same DNS mechanism.

-andy



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Douglas Otis wrote:
> This becomes irrelevant should the MTA/Mailbox domain relationships be
> viewed as nominal assertions against MAIL FROM and From mailbox domains
> and the MTA authentication is an independent operation.  Where PRA plays
> a role is equally accommodated by the EHLO name anyway.
> 

Hmm. The original intent of all of these before phishing and 2822 
headers got thrown in was to verify the parameters of the SMTP 
transaction. With the variant scopes we can still do that with ability 
to check MAIL FROM via mailfrom scope, and EHLO if CSV is intergrated 
into the main record format.

As for PRA, I think I finally understand your point. The PRA and 
SUBMITTER invent a new identity, that of the original agent that 
submitted the message, akin to the "Sender" header in 2822. I think what 
you are trying to say is that there is no need to resort to those 
methods, which are less reliable, when 2821 information is available. Is 
that correct?

If so, does that mean that this entire set of proposals is not useful 
for stopping phishing in any way?

Yakov



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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 03:12:34PM -0400,
 Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote 
 a message of 9 lines which said:

> >A HELO scope would be useful.
> 
> That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.

The CSV proposal is a completely separated one, with a different set
of concepts and a different vocabulary. I would accept HELO checking
if it were done in the same framework ("Unified SPF") and with the
same record format so I support the idea of adding one more scope.

--
Three identities to check for
One record format to bind them all



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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 09:37:18AM -0400,
 Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote 
 a message of 36 lines which said:

>    ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
...
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
> proposal?

Basically, you suggest to move to "Unified SPF" where the same record
format is used for testing the various identities. I fully agree, and
it pushes asides the IPR problem since PRA would become optional. But:

1) It cannot be done by a small patch in the drafts. It changes seveal
things in -submitter and in -core. To me, your proposal (which I find
perfect) requires dropping the current drafts and starting again with
new drafts.

2) There are other scopes than mailfrom and pra (helo is an obvious
one) and we should either mention them or allow for additional scopes.



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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 12:20:42PM -0500,
 wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote 
 a message of 54 lines which said:

> Are you saying that, by adding the mailfrom scope, you think that the
> marid-pra I-D can/should advance?   If so, I strongly disagree with
> this position.

It can advance at a different pace. For instance, -core, -protocol and
-mailfrom may be published on the Standards Track while -pra is
published as Experimental and may be "upgraded" later if the frivolous
Microsoft patent is invalidated.

As long as it is reasonably easy to drop -pra support, I agree with
the proposal. Crypto software use a similar technique when some
algorithms are patented. They can even be implemented in a separate
shared library, may be published in a different archive ("non-free"
for Debian).

> 1) I really doubt that we will be able to gain any sort of consensus
>    on the support of 2821.MAILFROM in the time remaining in the
>    current last call.

I agree. We should restart the process. 



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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 12:04:48PM -0500, wayne wrote:
> > Then according to RFC 3668 we can safely ignore the IPR claims is
> > irrelevant and frivilous like it has been done before with IDN and
> > IPSec. Or can we?
> 
> 
> Both Margaret and Yakov suggest that "we" can ignore the MS patent.
> There is clearly a risk involved for those who do, but apparently both
> feel that the risk is pretty small.
> 
> 
> Would those of you who suggest ignoring the patent please also
> volunteer to pay for any and all costs associated with a (potential)
> lawsuit from MS for not using their license?
> 
> If the risks are really as small as you two suggest, surely this
> wouldn't be a problem for you to do.  If you are not willing to pay
> such costs, why are you suggesting that people like me who write and
> distribute software that would violate the patent take that risk?

I, for one, am not prepared to ignore the patent claim. Doing so would 
be naive and irrational. It would be irrational to ignore microsoft's
past and go on like nothing ever happened. The patent claim is
potentially dangerous, and ignoring it will not make it any less so.

Koen Martens

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



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In <0A55FEF2-01CB-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:06 PM, David Woodhouse wrote:
>
>> A HELO scope would be useful.
>
> That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.

I'm confident that Doug Otis and/or Dave Crocker will be quite willing
to explain in elaborate detail how CSV differs from SPF/HELO.  I do
not see any reason not to support both and let the market decide.


-wayne



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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 13:21:49 -0700
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On Sunday 05 September 2004 5:01 pm, Mark Lentczner wrote:
> Usually, the use of the wild-card record is to say "-all" for anything
> in a subdomain, and hence this record is would not be the same as the
> domain's record:
>
> 	with prefix:
> 	_prefix.example.com IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"
>
> 	without prefix:
> 	example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> 	*.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"

On Sep 6, 2004, at 7:34 PM, David Blacka wrote:
> This is not a valid use of DNS wildcards, assuming I understand the 
> problem
> you are trying to solve.
I'm not sure what you mean by 'valid' here -- certainly the domain file 
is legal and works.

> In your example, "*.example.com  IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all", would only 
> match
> names in example.com that do not exist (actually, the matching 
> behavior is a
> bit more subtle that that).  But, as has been pointed out on this list 
> more
> than once, saying "-all" for non-existent names is unnecessary.
The use of the wildcard with -all is an attempt to catch all e-mail 
which someone might send with forged malicious intermediate names:

	joe@random-host.example.com

It has been claimed that MTA software is generally configured to reject 
e-mail that comes from a domain that doesn't exist.  While this is true 
at my site, I have seen no stats to back the claim up.  Unless the 
numbers were very high (>95%), I'm not sure relying on other people's 
MTAs to catch this for one's domain is a good idea.

Nonetheless, many sites have wildcard MX records so that they can catch 
mail sent to any address.  This means that they want to receive mail, 
not matter how it is addressed within their domain, but they don't 
authorize sending with such addresses.  In theses cases, all domains 
exist (due to the wildcard MX record), and so other people's MTAs won't 
reject based on domain non-existance.

> What I think you are really after is to put a "-all" SPF2 record for 
> every
> (other) existing A, AAAA, and MX record.  There is no convenient DNS
> construct for this behavior.
One needs to do this as well.

	- Mark



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For the record, I don't think
	1.2.3/24
is or should be legal.

Thanks to the reference to RFC 3513, Section 2.2, this sort of thing is 
clearly not legal for ip6 networks (see the ABNF production for 
ip6-network in the protocol draft.)  If someone can supply me an 
equivalent reference for the ip4 notation, I'd be happy to include it.

I also don't think "ipv4:" should be a synonym for "ip4:".  Note, that 
since the standard is built on RFC 2234 for syntax definitions, all 
keywords are case independent:  "IP4:" is a synonym for "ip4:".

In general, I subscribe to the philosophy that the spec should be clear 
as to what is legal, and implementations should be ruthless in 
rejecting things that are malformed, misspelt, or otherwise broken.  
Just because the underlying representation is text doesn't mean that it 
isn't a protocol.

I also don't believe that the spec has to constantly say "We really 
mean it here, in this case you MUST MUST MUST follow the syntax."  That 
sort of thing should be implicit for the whole spec and if you start 
putting them in, then people feel free to play loosey-goosey with the 
rest.

That said, Wayne, if there are areas of protocol that are actually too 
liberal in what they accept, I would be happy to tighten them up.

	- Mark



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From: "Hector Santos" <hsantos@santronics.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, "Andrew Newton" <andy@hxr.us>
References: <33F089AA-019C-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 16:30:38 -0400
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Hi,

If I understand all this, I would agree this is the right approach.   This
will allow for the separation, breakdown, usage and implementation of one or
more EPV (End Point Validation) techniques open, patented or otherwise.

I would recommend the following to help faciliate your proposal:

1) Refine RFC 2821 to eliminate conflicts and ambiguities.

1a) What are required and enforcable entities?

2) Refine RFC 2822 to eliminate conflicts and ambiguities.

1a) What are required and enforceable entities?

More so with #1,  I don't believe good progress will be made until RFC 2821
is
cleaned up.  This could be in the same vain as it was done with RFC2476 for
SMTP of applying a more strict transaction process , but it need not go that
far.

With #2, clearing up the ambiguities, like with the Resent-To, etc.
However, I don't see this a major part since it is not an established
requirement unlike the issues in 2821 with HELO and MAIL FROM.

In short, the new draft need to improves upon the hosting requirements and
once this is done, I believe MARID will become more stronger as a plausible
technology to implement.  It will also open the door for new possibilities
as well.

--
Hector Santos, Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com



----- Original Message -----
From: "Andrew Newton" <andy@hxr.us>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Wednesday, September 08, 2004 9:37 AM
Subject: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope


>
> It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of last
> call) that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the
> deployment of Sender ID.  This lack of consensus centers around the IPR
> associated with the PRA algorithm.  Since predicting deployment is a
> subjective matter and not strictly a technical concern, we would like
> to offer the working group a proposal for modifying Sender ID that
> would take the issue of deployment out of the hands of the IETF and
> place it in the hands of the ultimate decision-makers, the systems and
> network administrators of the Internet.  We feel that this is where
> decisions of deployment should really be made.
>
> It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group
> are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in
> draft-mengwong-spf.  Therefore, we ask for consideration of the
> following proposal:
>
> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
>
>     version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>     ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>     ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>     name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
>
> And the following stipulations:
>
>   1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
>   2) multiple records are allowed
>   3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for
> validity purposes
>
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this
> proposal?
>
> -andy
>
>




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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 09:37:18AM -0400,
>  Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote 
>  a message of 36 lines which said:
> 
> 
>>   ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
> 
> ...
> 
>>The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
>>with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
>>proposal?
> 
> 
> Basically, you suggest to move to "Unified SPF" where the same record
> format is used for testing the various identities. I fully agree, and
> it pushes asides the IPR problem since PRA would become optional. But:
> 
> 1) It cannot be done by a small patch in the drafts. It changes seveal
> things in -submitter and in -core. To me, your proposal (which I find
> perfect) requires dropping the current drafts and starting again with
> new drafts.
> 
> 2) There are other scopes than mailfrom and pra (helo is an obvious
> one) and we should either mention them or allow for additional scopes.
> 

Sounds like the last call might have to be extended or canceled.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 04:55:37PM -0400,
 Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote 
 a message of 32 lines which said:

> Sounds like the last call might have to be extended or canceled.

Certainly yes. Work for IETF 61 in Washington. Moving to an unified
model also allows to reexamine previous decisions (such as the one
against CSV, which could be reintegrated with a HELO scope).



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In <C41E8F99-01CC-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> On Sep 8, 2004, at 1:20 PM, wayne wrote:
>
>> Are you saying that, by adding the mailfrom scope, you think that the
>> marid-pra I-D can/should advance?   If so, I strongly disagree with
>> this position.
>
> Yes.  And I'm confused as to why you would disagree, even if you do
> not intend to do PRA checking.  There is no IPR issue with publishing
> both a PRA and MAIL FROM scope, just checking the PRA scope.  So even
> though you have no intention to do it, why would you insist that other
> should not?


Publishing SPF records with PRA information has never been a problem
for me (and I think for most others).

The problem is the PRA can not be implemented in most F/OSS MTAs and
spam filters.  The PRA is an 2822 identity, which does not cover the
same problem space as the 2821.MAILFROM.  The suggestion of using
2821.MAILFROM to get around the SenderID patent mess is like
suggesting using DES to get around the RSA patent mess.  Yeah, they
vaguely cover the same general area, but really, they are quite
different.


If you could come up with a proposal that has broad consensus that
covers the 2822 identities, I could see letting both that proposal and
the PRA going forward.  However, I don't see any such proposal.

The only two proposals besides the PRA in the area of 2822 that I can
recall are the fetchmail algorithm and and my
marid-schlitt-spf-fromhdr.  The fetchmail algorithm use the
Return-Path: header as its primary choice, so it really isn't any more
of a 2822 identity than the PRA is a 2821 identity due to SUBMITTER.
The SPF/FROMHDR proposal has not been discussed much at all, due
largely to respect the wishes of the co-chairs not to muddle the
current set of I-Ds.


I can see advancing marid-core and marid-protocol.  I can also see
continuing work on the 2821 identities.   I can even see taking
another stab at the 2822 identities.  I can't see advancing marid-pra.


-wayne






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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> If so, does that mean that this entire set of proposals is not useful 
> for stopping phishing in any way?

None of these proposals will "stop" phishing in any way. No more so than
"Are you sure you want to open executables" dialog boxes will stop
viruses. And yes, I include the future time when we have working
"reputation" services.

Though I can say, if you want to reduce phishing, don't try and base it on 
updated MUAs. Focus on the MTA.

Matt.


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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> 1) It cannot be done by a small patch in the drafts. It changes seveal
> things in -submitter and in -core. To me, your proposal (which I find
> perfect) requires dropping the current drafts and starting again with
> new drafts.

I hope you're kidding. We can change the current drafts without scrapping
how far we've come.

Matt.


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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 10:12:31PM +0100,
 Matt Sergeant <msergeant@startechgroup.co.uk> wrote 
 a message of 17 lines which said:

> I hope you're kidding. 

No.

> We can change the current drafts without scrapping how far we've
> come.

I did not suggest to start from zero. I just said that the new scheme
cannot be considered a minor patch so we have to cancel the last call,
to write new drafts (try to edit everything about PRA from -submitter,
it is not as obvious as it may seems) and to discuss them, all of this
before Washington.



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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 14:25:29 -0700
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Several items:

-= 1 =-
Someone asked for an example of a single record that works for both 
scopes:
	spf2.0/pra,mailfrom +mx -all

-= 2 =-
Yes, scopes would need an IANA registry.  I would suggest that it needs 
to be limited in the greatest possible way (like amended only by a 
working group draft - anyone know language for this?  an existing 
example of such a registry? -- e-mail me off-list.)

-= 3 =-
Please note that the Classic SPF's use of the HELO/EHLO domain when the 
reverse-path is null does not constitute a check of the HELO scope 
(such as done by SPF/HELO or CSV.)  It is constructing what the return 
path should be even though the sending MTA has omitted it ("Mail From 
<>") to break possible mail loops.  It is still checking the envelope 
concept of "Mail From".  It is not making any assertions about the 
HELO/EHLO domain as used by a SMTP client.

-= 4 =-
I would not support a HELO scope for the same reasons mentioned by 
others.  In particular, 1) CSV is this group's next agenda item, 2) The 
full syntax of SPF records is totally unwarranted for HELO checks (you 
only need "+a -all" and "-all".)  3) One generally never publishes 
records about HELO at the same domain name as MAIL FROM or PRA.  Hence 
they'd never share a record.

-= 5 =-
As per my discussion in prior messages, the scope macro doesn't buy 
much.  I am not in favor of it, though not strongly.

	- Mark


Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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On Wednesday 08 September 2004 4:21 pm, Mark Lentczner wrote:
> On Sunday 05 September 2004 5:01 pm, Mark Lentczner wrote:
> > Usually, the use of the wild-card record is to say "-all" for anything
> > in a subdomain, and hence this record is would not be the same as the
> > domain's record:
> >
> >  with prefix:
> >  _prefix.example.com IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> >  *.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"
> >
> >  without prefix:
> >  example.com         IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra +mx +a -all"
> >  *.example.com       IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all"
>
> On Sep 6, 2004, at 7:34 PM, David Blacka wrote:
> > This is not a valid use of DNS wildcards, assuming I understand the
> > problem
> > you are trying to solve.
>
> I'm not sure what you mean by 'valid' here -- certainly the domain file
> is legal and works.

I meant that it wouldn't work as I thought you were describing it, not that it 
wouldn't load.

> > In your example, "*.example.com  IN SPF2 "spf2.0/pra -all", would only
> > match
> > names in example.com that do not exist (actually, the matching
> > behavior is a
> > bit more subtle that that).  But, as has been pointed out on this list
> > more
> > than once, saying "-all" for non-existent names is unnecessary.
>
> The use of the wildcard with -all is an attempt to catch all e-mail
> which someone might send with forged malicious intermediate names:
>
>  joe@random-host.example.com
>
> It has been claimed that MTA software is generally configured to reject
> e-mail that comes from a domain that doesn't exist.  While this is true
> at my site, I have seen no stats to back the claim up.  Unless the
> numbers were very high (>95%), I'm not sure relying on other people's
> MTAs to catch this for one's domain is a good idea.

Well, you are relying on them to do the Sender-ID check, right?

> Nonetheless, many sites have wildcard MX records so that they can catch
> mail sent to any address.  This means that they want to receive mail,
> not matter how it is addressed within their domain, but they don't
> authorize sending with such addresses.  In theses cases, all domains
> exist (due to the wildcard MX record), and so other people's MTAs won't
> reject based on domain non-existance.

This wasn't the case that you were describing (as I read it, anyway).  This is 
a case where a wildcard SPF2 or TXT record *would* work.

> > What I think you are really after is to put a "-all" SPF2 record for
> > every
> > (other) existing A, AAAA, and MX record.  There is no convenient DNS
> > construct for this behavior.
>
> One needs to do this as well.

You would need to put a wildcard "-all" record below each existing name in 
your zone as well (except delegations).  Again, if I understand your problem 
correctly.

For the record, I think that RECOMMENDING that people publish wildcard "-all" 
records (in the absence of a wildcard MX) is not a good idea at all.

--
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com> 
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research



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Tony,

TF> Will there also be a helo scope?
TF> We can't use either pra or mailfrom because they break forwarding.

  Taking andrew's proposal as an effort to process SPF "classic"
  through the IETF, I suggest not trying to expand the scope or
  redirect it.

  The issue of forwarding for author-based path registration schemes,
  like SPF and Sender-ID, has been discussed at length.  At a minimum,
  we need to document these impacts on usage.

  However there is already a deployed base of some size, for SPF, so
  we know that there are usage scenarios that the community find
  helpful.

  I suggest we make sure we document all this, rather than
  re-targeting the technical focus.


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and  versioning/scope
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-08 at 13:00, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Douglas Otis wrote:
> > This becomes irrelevant should the MTA/Mailbox domain relationships be
> > viewed as nominal assertions against MAIL FROM and From mailbox domains
> > and the MTA authentication is an independent operation.  Where PRA plays
> > a role is equally accommodated by the EHLO name anyway.
>
> Hmm. The original intent of all of these before phishing and 2822 
> headers got thrown in was to verify the parameters of the SMTP 
> transaction. With the variant scopes we can still do that with ability 
> to check MAIL FROM via mailfrom scope, and EHLO if CSV is intergrated 
> into the main record format.

There are a few advantages this seems to miss.  By using CSV as a first
step, the format for describing any mailbox-domain relationship with
sending MTAs requires little more than a name list.

Something like:
_spf._mailfrom.my-domain.com. PTR my-isp.com.
_spf._mailfrom.my-domain.com. PTR my-other-isp.com.
_spf._mailfrom.my-domain.com. PTR my-support.com.

-or-
_spf._from.my-domain.com.      PTR my-isp.com.
_spf._from.my-domain.com.      PTR my-other-isp.com.
_spf._from.my-domain.com.      PTR my-support.com.

I had proposed: 
_mp._smtp.my-domain.com.       PTR my-isp.com.
_mp._smtp.my-domain.com.       PTR my-other-isp.com.
_mp._smtp.my-domain.com.       PTR my-support.com.

Where an A record flags whether the list is "comprehensive" for either
the MAIL FROM or the From fields.  If the associated flag is not set,
then the list becomes nominal information to color mail.  PTR should
allow name compression and fit within a single DNS lookup.  This would
not require any subsequent lookups to resolve whether
mx001.soup.my-isp.com was a nominal source for my-domain.com as
example.                          

> As for PRA, I think I finally understand your point. The PRA and 
> SUBMITTER invent a new identity, that of the original agent that 
> submitted the message, akin to the "Sender" header in 2822. I think what 
> you are trying to say is that there is no need to resort to those 
> methods, which are less reliable, when 2821 information is available. Is 
> that correct?

The EHLO name offers virtually the same information obtained by roving
through RFC2822 headers using the PRA algorithm where the From is being
over-ridden, but the certainty of this EHLO name is suitable for
asserting reputation.  Reputation services are not without risk and
being asked to trust the integrity of the mail channel is untenable for
this purpose.  Having an authenticated name lowers the cost establishing
a history of use, but neither SPF nor Sender-ID offers a reasonable
level of assurance for the domain identified.

> If so, does that mean that this entire set of proposals is not useful 
> for stopping phishing in any way?

Sender-ID does not stop phishing any better than simply asserting the
nominal source of mail and making the authenticated EHLO name visible. 
This two step process would obtain better consumer protections with less
information exchanged by DNS and less risk with respect to compliance. 
CSV does not add to the SMTP overhead, nor would a name list require
subsequent lookups.  A sequence of lookups could comprise a sizable
burden for the receiving SMTP server needed with the collapsed functions
of Sender-ID and SPF, and simply invoking a timeout is not a suitable
solution.

A nominal mailbox-domain sending MTA list is a lightweight approach that
quickly brings results closer to the goal without breaking SMTP.  Don't
underestimate the importance of authenticating a name suitable
reputation assertions or the role EHLO can play in this effort.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> [...]
>     ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
> [...]
> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
> proposal?

If patent-encumbered stuff (PRA) is any part of the specification (and I
see it mentioned in your proposal), then the ASF (including the
SpamAssassin and JAMES projects) vehemently objects.

Given that there is a lack of consensus on PRA, it seems like the best
course is drop PRA entirely and allow the specification authors to
revise things a bit more freely again.

Daniel Quinlan
V.P., Apache SpamAssassin

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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Andrew,

AN> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors
AN> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
AN> proposal?


     once upon a time, it was suggested that proposals need to have
     security and operations review.  all of the proposals under
     discussion for this space have very significant ties and
     sensitivities to both security and OA&M.

     we really do need to get those reviews, before any proposal
     should reasonably be run through any sort of working group last
     call. and the broader IETF discussions on cross-area review have
     stressed the need for getting such reviews long before that.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 21:02:23 2004
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I vehemently object to standardizing fragmentation of e-mail via scope, especially when one scope is proprietary one from an entity who in the past has used monopoly leverage to "embrace and extend" as a means to convert de facto standards into proprietary standards.

We will end up with a fragmented internet e-mail system separated into proprietary (pra) and free software (mailfrom).  I will never vote to give ammunition to any attempt to fragment the fundamental protocols of the internet into proprietary and free software camps.  That is entirely against the spirit of what has made the internet successful worldwide.  Do we really need another "browser wars" in e-mail?

Instead I support a single DNS record which can be used by either proprietary (pra) or free software (mailfrom).

If Microsoft wants to use their leverage to popularize a DNS record which can they can use in their proprietary software, which can also be used by free software, then I would fully support that.  This is quite different from giving a vote of approval for Microsoft to use their leverage to "embrace and extend" the core internet.  Microsoft can freely use their leverage to create a separate DNS scope without the endorsement of the community concensus, but we must not encourage that by endorsing fragmentation as a standard.

Also there is no compelling technical advantage to a fragmented scope.  The fact is that per-domain anti-forgery will not stop all forms of phishing or e-mail forgery, nor will it stop spam.  For example, in pra, the Resent-Sender could be not forged, but the From: header could be forged.  In mailfrom, the MAIL FROM: envelope could be not forged, but the From: header could be forged.  These proposals can help anti-spam as an added input data regarding the source of an e-mail to feed into probability anti-spam analysis, as well perhaps others will explore different UI approaches to presenting the datum.  It will require experimentation and new innovations in using this new data, so the larger risk is on fragmenting who can use which data.  IMO either proposal might be quite effective at stopping phishing in some scenarios.  But in no case does this potential success justify fragmenting the core internet i the process of trying to achieve some marginal improvement in e-mail so!
 urce authentication.

Additionally there are technical advantages to not polluting the DNS with proliferation of "extend and embrace" wars on e-mail.

I completely agree that getting Microsoft and other corporate players on board is very helpful, but not at the cost of the other future billions of internet users who will probably use free software (third world countries for example, such as the UN's recent efforts to increase penetration in Africa using free software).

-Shelby Moore
http://AccuSpam.com




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As a frequent joe job and virus victim, I would be very pleased to see
a proposal go forward that would allow mail-from checking.  However, I
have two concerns.

First, it would need to be clear how multiple checks should interact
when receiving sites perform multiple checks.  In particular, it must
be the case that a site checking both mailfrom and pra should always
reject mail when mailfrom fails (even if pra passes).  This might be
as simple as saying if any test fails, the message is considered to
have failed.

Second, if we just go forward and do this with the minimum amount of
change necessary to the documents, I fear we may lose an opportunity
to do something better.  In particular, if the idea is that sites may
wish to do multiple kinds of checking, it would probably be very
useful to have access to the envelope sender from within the PRA
check.

For example, bank.com may wish to say that if the PRA is bank.com, the
envelope sender should be bank.com or outsource.com (which could then
be enforced with mailfrom).

This would require a new macro for the mailfrom domain (%{m}?), and
would also benefit greatly from some kind of string comparison
mechanism--maybe eq:string1:string2.  You'd want to be able to say
something like:

    +eq:%{d}:%{m} +eq:outsource.com:%{m}

in your /pra record.  It's possible to achieve something similar with
the exists: mechanism, but it requires more DNS traffic.

That said, since since both technical and legal concerns make the PRA
not useful to me, I guess I don't really care very much about this. 
I'm basically happy with SPF-classic, and view your proposal as a way
to continue using SPF-classic while just changing "v=spf1" to
"spf2.0/mailfrom".

Perhaps the point is I'd be sympathetic to anyone who asked for a
little more time to explore the possibility of cross-scope mechanisms.

David



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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Mark Lentczner wrote:

> The use of the wildcard with -all is an attempt to catch all e-mail 
> which someone might send with forged malicious intermediate names:
> 
> 	joe@random-host.example.com
> 
> It has been claimed that MTA software is generally configured to reject 
> e-mail that comes from a domain that doesn't exist.  While this is true 
> at my site, I have seen no stats to back the claim up.  Unless the 
> numbers were very high (>95%), I'm not sure relying on other people's 
> MTAs to catch this for one's domain is a good idea.
> 
> Nonetheless, many sites have wildcard MX records so that they can catch 
> mail sent to any address.  This means that they want to receive mail, 
> not matter how it is addressed within their domain, but they don't 
> authorize sending with such addresses.  In theses cases, all domains 
> exist (due to the wildcard MX record), and so other people's MTAs won't 
> reject based on domain non-existance.

You're making an assumption that to check if domain exist one would make
an "A" or "AAAA" query on that domain and if no record is received assume
that domain is invalid, that is not correct. 

There is important difference that should be made by implementors about 
dns error codes. If domain does not exist the correct error code is RCODE3 
(NXDOMAIN) and in that case you can safely assume there is no such domain 
and reject the email. 

However if subdomain is defined by wildcard MX record (or any other wildcard 
record for that matter), the query for "A" on that domain would return 
RCODE 0 (NO ERROR), but there would not be an an ip address available for 
query in the ANSWER section, which would cause normal dns resolver to 
answer with its own error code (NODATA for bind-based resolver).
(Actually to be more precise NODATA should be given if answer section is 
 empty, but dns resolvers can't make this assumption because of other 
 problems; for example if direct name does not exist but there is a CNAME
 or DNAME record for the same name, the answer section given by dns
 server should contain that - unfortunetly I sometimes see CNAMEs listed
 in Additional section. At the same time query for A when there is an AAAA
 on some servers would cause an AAAA to be addded to additional section,
 or possible that is the other way around...)

P.S. I recently wrote my own dns resolver, so these things had to be 
looked up in RFCs and sometimes found just by direct testing. Also
I'm of the opinion that DNS RFCs are inconsistant with some of the
existing implementations (bind, djbdns, etc), the responses are
different for example between various versions of bind if domain is
not deligated (and when its deligated authoritive NS servers appear in 
different sections depending on bind dns server version). Its still
amazes me that dns works so well with so much difference in responses;
the credit goes to dns resolvers, that try to account for all these 
differences and always use Postel's principal to be very liberal in what 
you accept.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 21:16:23 -0400
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 8:32 PM, AccuSpam wrote:
> Instead I support a single DNS record which can be used by either 
> proprietary (pra) or free software (mailfrom).

By this, I assume you mean a record that does not describe a scope 
(since what I proposed did allow one record to describe both scopes).  
And if so, do you actually think it is better for the receiver to have 
to guess the intended scope of the sender?

-andy



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Wed, 8 Sep 2004 21:34:52 -0400
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On Sep 8, 2004, at 5:06 PM, wayne wrote:

> Publishing SPF records with PRA information has never been a problem
> for me (and I think for most others).
>
> The problem is the PRA can not be implemented in most F/OSS MTAs and
> spam filters.

Is this a double standard?  You do not wish to be restricted by the 
encumbrances of another's license yet you wish to restrict others to 
the encumbrances of your software license.

This compromise gives those unwilling to accept the license for PRA the 
ability to check MAIL FROM while allowing those willing to accept the 
license for PRA the ability to check the PRA.  However, everybody can 
publish both.

> The PRA is an 2822 identity, which does not cover the
> same problem space as the 2821.MAILFROM.  The suggestion of using
> 2821.MAILFROM to get around the SenderID patent mess is like
> suggesting using DES to get around the RSA patent mess.  Yeah, they
> vaguely cover the same general area, but really, they are quite
> different.

Just because an identity appears in the same RFC does not mean it has 
any better relationship for sender authentication.  Certainly 
2821.MAILFROM and 2822.From are more closely correlated than 2822.From 
and 2822.Cc.

> If you could come up with a proposal that has broad consensus that
> covers the 2822 identities, I could see letting both that proposal and
> the PRA going forward.  However, I don't see any such proposal.

The syntax does account for future scopes.  However, if we cannot 
advance the two scopes the people on this list have said they would be 
willing to deploy and instead wait around for the definition of a third 
scope then where do we stop, on the tenth defined scope?

-andy



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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Daniel Quinlan wrote:
| Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:
|
|
|>[...]
|>    ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
|>[...]
|>The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors
|>with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this
|>proposal?
|
|
| If patent-encumbered stuff (PRA) is any part of the specification (and I
| see it mentioned in your proposal), then the ASF (including the
| SpamAssassin and JAMES projects) vehemently objects.
|
| Given that there is a lack of consensus on PRA, it seems like the best
| course is drop PRA entirely and allow the specification authors to
| revise things a bit more freely again.
|
| Daniel Quinlan
| V.P., Apache SpamAssassin

Dan,
~        Did you see the message linked below from Stephane Bortzmeyer?
It appears to me that he is suggesting that we effectively "un-link" the
encumbered PRA and move ahead with -core, -protocol and -mailfrom
leaving PRA in an experimental state. As Andy has made a suggestion
about where we should focus since we cannot agree to use the PRA for
deployment reasons it seems to me that this might be considered a
reasonable suggestion. What would ASF say to this?

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04519.html

- --
csm@moongroup.com, head geek
http://moongroup.com
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep  8 22:51:59 2004
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cc: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@startechgroup.co.uk>, Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> I did not suggest to start from zero. I just said that the new scheme
> cannot be considered a minor patch so we have to cancel the last call,
> to write new drafts (try to edit everything about PRA from -submitter,
> it is not as obvious as it may seems) and to discuss them, all of this
> before Washington.

I entirely agree. As soon as last call is over, I'll post the proposal
(which will include modified version of some of current draft documents)
that does exactly that - consistant with ideas of callerid but does
not base it on requirement to use PRA algorithm and instead focuses
on Submitter as appropriate identity all by itself. 

I'd have posted all this already but group chair is of the opinion that
such proposal would distract us and parallel the proposal itself would
also not receive appopriate review because of distraction of last call
on other documents.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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In <724F9981-0200-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> On Sep 8, 2004, at 5:06 PM, wayne wrote:
>
>> Publishing SPF records with PRA information has never been a problem
>> for me (and I think for most others).
>>
>> The problem is the PRA can not be implemented in most F/OSS MTAs and
>> spam filters.
>
> Is this a double standard?  You do not wish to be restricted by the
> encumbrances of another's license yet you wish to restrict others to
> the encumbrances of your software license.


I'm sorry Andy, but for the life of me, I can't figure out where this
line of reasoning comes from.  You made similar comments in your last
point of you "on the topic of IPR" post:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03751.html

I was going to reply/rebut this line of reasoning, but I saw that
several people said basically what I was going to say.

Yakov Shafranovich's reply:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03759.html

Paul Iadonisi's reply:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03773.html


I think we have a failure to communicate here. ;-)


Even back in my original "Obstacles between us and the finish line"
post ( http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02476.html )
I said:

: 4) IP licensing:  I'm not dogmatic about the GPL or commercial
: licenses, but there are significant MTAs and mail filters that fall
: under both kinds of licenses, and several others to boot.  I think
: that any proposal that has incompatible IP licensing needs to be
: dropped.


If there was a patent holder who covered some part of the SenderID
proposal and their patent license required using the GPL, I would be
just as bothered.

The issue isn't what individual implementers choose to license their
code under, the issue is whether we should advance a standard that is
incompatible with a very large percentage of current the email
infrastructure.  The patent license on the standard covers everyone.


(For what it is worth, the vast majority of software I have written is
under commercial/proprietary licenses far more restrictive than any
F/OSS licence that I know of.)


>> The PRA is an 2822 identity, which does not cover the
>> same problem space as the 2821.MAILFROM.  The suggestion of using
>> 2821.MAILFROM to get around the SenderID patent mess is like
>> suggesting using DES to get around the RSA patent mess.  Yeah, they
>> vaguely cover the same general area, but really, they are quite
>> different.
>
> Just because an identity appears in the same RFC does not mean it has
> any better relationship for sender authentication.  Certainly
> 2821.MAILFROM and 2822.From are more closely correlated than 2822.From
> and 2822.Cc.

Yes, true, I'm being far to vague when I say "2822 identities".  For
the most part, what people discussed as identities back in April(?)
were the HELO domain, the 2821.MAILFROM, the 2822.From:, and the PTR
identity (MTAmark, SS, etc.).  The PRA was presented as protecting
"what users see", e.g., the 2822.From:.  It was correctly pointed out
that users generally don't see the 2821.MAILFROM.

I think there are valid reasons to consider all four of those
identities because I think they all address different parts of an
overall forgery problem.


>> If you could come up with a proposal that has broad consensus that
>> covers the 2822 identities, I could see letting both that proposal and
>> the PRA going forward.  However, I don't see any such proposal.
>
> The syntax does account for future scopes.  However, if we cannot
> advance the two scopes the people on this list have said they would be
> willing to deploy and instead wait around for the definition of a
> third scope then where do we stop, on the tenth defined scope?

Well, I haven't seen many people suggest more than four
identities/scopes.  I've seen people advance different proposals for
most of these identities.  I think we can reasonably stop at one good
standard for each identity.

That doesn't mean that I think that the 2821.MAILFROM identity is a
good subsitute for the 2822.From: identity, or vice versa.


-wayne



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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

wayne wrote:

| If there was a patent holder who covered some part of the SenderID
| proposal and their patent license required using the GPL, I would be
| just as bothered.
|
| The issue isn't what individual implementers choose to license their
| code under, the issue is whether we should advance a standard that is
| incompatible with a very large percentage of current the email
| infrastructure.  The patent license on the standard covers everyone.

This is exactly why I asked Dan Quinlan about the ASF position on this.

- --
csm@moongroup.com, head geek
http://moongroup.com
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At 09:16 PM 9/8/2004 -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
>
>On Sep 8, 2004, at 8:32 PM, AccuSpam wrote:
>> Instead I support a single DNS record which can be used by either 
>> proprietary (pra) or free software (mailfrom).
>
>By this, I assume you mean a record that does not describe a scope 
>(since what I proposed did allow one record to describe both scopes).  


Minimally yes.

IMO, the scope should be implicit from the specification.

I will elaborate below.

BTW, I appreciated your proposal to try to build concensus, and I hope you will consider my reasoning below.


>And if so, do you actually think it is better for the receiver to have 
>to guess the intended scope of the sender?


Yes because inherent in the design of the specification should be acknowledged the *REALITY* that the sender can not control the receiver (verifier).

Even today without this standard, senders have no control over how their e-mail is filtered by receivers.  IMO, that will never change, because the market will always decide that receiver has control over his/her Inbox and never give that control to the sender.  Would you give control of your Inbox to your senders?

A robust specification that will stand the test of time (e.g. SMTP)  will acknowledge that it only specifies what the syntax data means, it can not reasonably specify all the ways that companies will try to "embrace and extend" to their competitive advantage.

There is fundamental disconnect between what we think/want to happen and what we can actually insure will happen.  I urge people here to think about all the ways a specification can be "misused" (...for example if only the original writers of SMTP could have predicted "misuse"...).  I do not think we correct "misuse" by throwing everything we can think of into the specification. Instead, a wiser approach is to analyze priorities of what is sufficiently general and germane to the cause so as to both easily accepted into concensus and also robust to stand the test of time.

For example, since we know that pra and mailfrom can still suffer from forged From: (as explained in my previous post), i.e. we do not provide a final "end all" solution, then verifiers are going to be adding value by interpreting the data provided by the specification (e.g. incorporating when the From and PRA or MAIL FROM: are different as another data in probability analysis).

I think it would be folly and brittle for us to attempt to specify *ALL* the ways that the data in the DNS record can be used and interpreted, as the result set will be numerous and continually changing (improving).  We might never reach concensus (even if get all tthe people here to agree but as you deploy other needs will be discovered and specification will continually be under revisement).

Using this same logic, I am against a brittle and complex specification that attempts to cover too much.  If we could start with something simple and core, such as specifying the approved mail servers for sending from a domain, and then we can later build new specifications on top of that basic core specification.

I could ramble on about technical reasons.  We need to keep this simple for the millions of owners of domains, as most senders are not forged and thus have very little incentive to deploy.  Why complicate when we are not even sure what benefits we will get from the additional complexity?  Is it cost effective to prioritize the needs of a few and pass the cost on to the many?

Instead I support letting others build experimental complexity on top of a core unencumbered centralized standard, and then let them petition for their extensions to become part of the standard, but always only if those extensions can be used by free software also.  For example, if Microsoft proposes some extension to the syntax, then they should justify how that extension can be used by all software, not just their licensees, else it should not be incorporated into an endorsed standard.  It would be different if Microsoft had some proven technology that had no other alternative, but that is far from the case today.  In fact, I am arguing that choosing the winning technology from unproven and incomplete set, is not the role of the standards body.  And I argue that instead standardizing fragmentation is worse (or same as) no standard at all.

What is wrong with reaching concensus on a DNS record that specifies the approved mail servers for sending email for a domain, then allow SPF and SenderID (and others) to go forward as experimental uses of that specification?  Then we have more time to hash out real experience in the market.

Since issues such as SUBMITTER for forwarding are (minimally and I would argue preferably) not part of the DNS record, then we can proceed with that resolution as an experiment and debate such orthogonal issues forward.

Also we should try to form orthogonal approach to specification, so that we can accomplish highest priority goals most efficiently and so that esoteric and/or experimental features do not encumber the entire internet useage nor encumber future improvements and experience we will learn.



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Stephane Bortzmeyer a écrit :
>
>> 1) I really doubt that we will be able to gain any sort of consensus
>>    on the support of 2821.MAILFROM in the time remaining in the
>>    current last call.
>
> I agree. We should restart the process.

Agreed. The remaining timeframe is much too short to figure out all these
proposed changes, discuss it and reach consensus.

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E



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>On Sep 8, 2004, at 5:06 PM, wayne wrote:
>
>> Publishing SPF records with PRA information has never been a problem
>> for me (and I think for most others).
>>
>> The problem is the PRA can not be implemented in most F/OSS MTAs and
>> spam filters.
>
>Is this a double standard?  You do not wish to be restricted by the 
>encumbrances of another's license yet you wish to restrict others to 
>the encumbrances of your software license.


I fail to see what crucial information is needed in the DNS record to implement PRA that is also not needed by SPF check?

Thus I fail to see why the DNS record has to specify the algorithm that will be used on the approved mail servers specified in the DNS?  Do we think by inserting "pra" or "spf" we will really control what all receivers do?

The main point is that the standard of what goes into the DNS record should not be supporting a proprietary standard.


>This compromise gives those unwilling to accept the license for PRA the 
>ability to check MAIL FROM while allowing those willing to accept the 
>license for PRA the ability to check the PRA.  However, everybody can 
>publish both.


The compromise adds fuel to fire fragmented syntax for DNS records.  In future, I envision large corporate senders only specifying "pra", because they do not have time to test with "spf", just as the situation we have now with many writing web sites for IE and not for other browsers.



>> The PRA is an 2822 identity, which does not cover the
>> same problem space as the 2821.MAILFROM.  The suggestion of using
>> 2821.MAILFROM to get around the SenderID patent mess is like
>> suggesting using DES to get around the RSA patent mess.  Yeah, they
>> vaguely cover the same general area, but really, they are quite
>> different.
>
>Just because an identity appears in the same RFC does not mean it has 
>any better relationship for sender authentication.  Certainly 
>2821.MAILFROM and 2822.From are more closely correlated than 2822.From 
>and 2822.Cc.


The only thing we are doing is specifying the approved mail servers.  Everything else is our attempt to pick a winning technology for interpreting the data of approved mail servers.


>
>> If you could come up with a proposal that has broad consensus that
>> covers the 2822 identities, I could see letting both that proposal and
>> the PRA going forward.  However, I don't see any such proposal.
>
>The syntax does account for future scopes.


Inherently.  No need to limit the scope, since you can not limit it.  Once you publish the data of approved mail servers, it is open game to use the data.  There will be many competing technologies and implementations, just as there are now in anti-spam, unless possibly if we hand a "silver bullet" to a monopoly to stifle that experimentation.  I realize you do not want speculation on the future, and only on the merits as of today.  So I will state as fact that no one can prove today that any of the methods for interpreting the approved mail servers will be better than the other.

-Shelby Moore
http://AccuSpam.com



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Subject: DEPLOY: microsoft SenderID wizard seriously flawed, unusable
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All,

Microsoft has sponsored a 'wizard' to create SPF records, it's online
here:

http://www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.aspx

However, the wizard is seriously flawed. For example, it suggests you to
enter ip adresses to be used with the a mechanism, producing for example:

v=spf2.0/pra a:1.2.3.4 ~all

this obviously should be 

v=spf2.0/pra ip4:1.2.3.4 ~all

There are further flaws in the programming. Surely, microsoft
programmers are not _this_ stupid, so I cannot understand otherwise than
this is a deliberate stalling move to frustrate development of SenderID. 

This wizard should be taken off-line immediatelly! It should not come
back online until after all the bugs have been fixed. This wizard is bad
for deployment, making people publish bad records.

Koen Martens

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
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Is this perhaps the first example of "embrace and extend"?, as I have warned:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04536.html

As I have written twice already today in spf-discuss, IMHO we need structural validation feedback written into the spec to prevent other de facto standards from monopolies:

AccuSpam wrote:
>Again I want to re-iterate my opinion that there needs to be some structural 
>enforcement/incentive for validation in the spec, else spf syntax errors 
>have no incentive to be fixed.  (unlike for a web page) If the e-mail still gets through, and since 
>we know that most senders are not currently experiencing problems from 
>forgery, and since recipients have no incentive to notify the sender of 
>error, (then sender is not aware and thus) I see structural incentive is currently to encourage proliferation of 
>errors (or de facto extensions).

For example, possibly the spec could ask errors to be reported to "postmaster@domain".


At 08:48 AM 9/9/2004 +0200, you wrote:
>
>All,
>
>Microsoft has sponsored a 'wizard' to create SPF records, it's online
>here:
>
>http://www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.aspx
>
>However, the wizard is seriously flawed. For example, it suggests you to
>enter ip adresses to be used with the a mechanism, producing for example:
>
>v=spf2.0/pra a:1.2.3.4 ~all
>
>this obviously should be 
>
>v=spf2.0/pra ip4:1.2.3.4 ~all
>
>There are further flaws in the programming. Surely, microsoft
>programmers are not _this_ stupid, so I cannot understand otherwise than
>this is a deliberate stalling move to frustrate development of SenderID. 
>
>This wizard should be taken off-line immediatelly! It should not come
>back online until after all the bugs have been fixed. This wizard is bad
>for deployment, making people publish bad records.
>
>Koen Martens
>
>-- 
>K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
>Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
>Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
>Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
>can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 04:18:41 2004
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cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> It is the opinion of the co-chairs at this time (before the end of last 
> call) that the MARID working group has no consensus regarding the 
> deployment of Sender ID.  This lack of consensus centers around the IPR 
> associated with the PRA algorithm.  

I'm not surprised you draw this conclusion, considering posts on the list 
for last couple weeks.... (in fact I would have been very surprised if
it was not the conclusion).

> Since predicting deployment is a subjective matter and not strictly a 
> technical concern, we would like  to offer the working group a proposal 
> for modifying Sender ID that  would take the issue of deployment out of 
> the hands of the IETF 

IETF had real problem is that it did not wish to deal with how their
protocols would be deployed. This is the main reason of failures of number
of protocols that have been created and why others are less used then
they could be. Certain conclusion must (and have) been drawn out of this
and it would be unfortunete if we choose to go the same road again.

> and  place it in the hands of the ultimate decision-makers, the systems and 
> network administrators of the Internet.  We feel that this is where 
> decisions of deployment should really be made.

The same people are also looking for IETF for guidence. There is a reasson
why we have a BCP series and why exactly is it that we have entire section 
of IETF is listed as "Operations and Management Area"?

While I think that if the drafts are to be published as EXPERIMENTAL
your statements that it would be up to the administrative to try it out, 
(as an experiment to see if it works and later come to IETF and tell how
it is going and if more work is needed to make it standard), my understanding
is that this WG is expecting to publish documents in STANDARD track. But
it would not be a "Standard" if we don't expect entire worldwide community
to be able to implement it.

> It is also the opinion of the co-chairs that many in the working group 
> are willing to deploy MAIL FROM checking as specified in 
> draft-mengwong-spf.

This is not unexpected conclusion either. However, I note that MAIL FROM
is different identity which is used entirely inside SMTP stream and not
usually seen by end-users. The problem here is not as much "phishing" as
it is a DoS that happens when your domain is used without your permission
and you get all the bounces. 

This group should to solve both problems, but we should not say that you 
are going to be able to solve either one problem or the other depending
on if you're part of the open-source community or commercial product 
developer willing to get a supposedely "free" license.

>  Therefore, we ask for consideration of the following proposal:

> The ABNF in -protocol 3.4.1 is (mostly from a post by Wayne)
> 
>     version     = "spf2." ver-minor "/" ver-scope *( "," ver-scope )
>     ver-minor   = 1*DIGIT
>     ver-scope   = "pra" / "mailfrom" / name
>     name        = alpha *( alpha / digit / "-" / "_" / "." )
> 
> And the following stipulations:
> 
>   1) "mailfrom" checking will be defined in a new draft
>   2) multiple records are allowed
>   3) a scope (e.g. "pra") can only appear in one record of one type for 
>     validity purposes

I'm going to comment in separate post on the scoping since issue now 
officially came up.

> The question before the working group: assuming no technical errors 
> with the above, is there anybody who vehemently objects with this 
> proposal?

Yes, I do.

Not on technical reasons that doing scoping is bad - I would have expected
scoping to be worked out by the group sooner or later anyway. 

But as I indicated above, I'm concerned that the IPR issue with SenderID/PRA
are still unresolved and if we standartize PRA as chair is suggesting, only
some be able to do this type of verification and on the other hand only 
some would do mail-from checking, etc. This separatism is a dangerous road 
to take for IETF work, we want to have one unified internet-wide standard 
not a standard for you and standard for me!

I think we should decide on SenderID/PRA all by itself. Either we find
an acceptable solution that will allow everybody to implement it or
we find a replacement for it or we drop the entire concept all together
and work on different identities and scopes, including envelope mail-from
as is done with classic SPF.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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>IETF had real problem is that it did not wish to deal with how their
>protocols would be deployed. This is the main reason of failures of number
>of protocols that have been created and why others are less used then
>they could be. Certain conclusion must (and have) been drawn out of this
>and it would be unfortunete if we choose to go the same road again.


IMHO, the largest deployment hurdle will be to get 63 million of domain owners (growing at 1.5 million per month) to publish and maintain a DNS record.  (See my post at spf-discuss for source).

Presenting these non-technical people with the complexity of choosing which scope their approved mail servers will be used and other complex options we might provide them, seems to run counter to the 80/20 rule for deployment.

I simply do not see why we need scope in order to get people to publish which mail servers they approve for sending email?


>This is not unexpected conclusion either. However, I note that MAIL FROM
>is different identity which is used entirely inside SMTP stream and not
>usually seen by end-users. The problem here is not as much "phishing" as
>it is a DoS that happens when your domain is used without your permission
>and you get all the bounces. 


Disagree.  There are many possible ways verifiers might use the spf data and specification.  You can not preordain those uses unless you have a crystal ball.


>This group should to solve both problems,


I do not think this group will solve "these problems".  I think this group will define a standard for publishing the approved mail servers and then let the internet and marketplace work towards solving "these problems" and other related problems (e.g. spam).


> but we should not say that you 
>are going to be able to solve either one problem or the other depending
>on if you're part of the open-source community or commercial product 
>developer willing to get a supposedely "free" license.


Agreed.  And I think the most efficient way to reach that concensus and to not inhibit the use of the standard, is to not try to specify the scope of the algorithm (since it can be ignored any way).

>But as I indicated above, I'm concerned that the IPR issue with SenderID/PRA
>are still unresolved and if we standartize PRA as chair is suggesting, only
>some be able to do this type of verification and on the other hand only 
>some would do mail-from checking, etc. This separatism is a dangerous road 
>to take for IETF work, we want to have one unified internet-wide standard 
>not a standard for you and standard for me!


Agreed.


>I think we should decide on SenderID/PRA all by itself.


Agreed, but I would prefer to find a "win-win" common denominator approach.


> Either we find
>an acceptable solution that will allow everybody to implement it


Publishing the approved mail servers is something everybody can agree to do I think?




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Koen Martens wrote:

> All,
> 
> Microsoft has sponsored a 'wizard' to create SPF records, it's online
> here:
> 
> http://www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.aspx
> 
> However, the wizard is seriously flawed. For example, it suggests you
> to enter ip adresses to be used with the a mechanism, producing for
> example: 
> 
> v=spf2.0/pra a:1.2.3.4 ~all
> 
> this obviously should be
> 
> v=spf2.0/pra ip4:1.2.3.4 ~all
> 
> There are further flaws in the programming.

Here is another:

http://archives.listbox.com/spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com/200409/0263.html

- Mark



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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
cc: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@startechgroup.co.uk>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> > Right, but with a different syntax and storage. If we could move 
> > forwards
> > now with a unified syntax and storage that would be useful.
> 
> This working group has already been through this and concluded that CSV 
> was sufficiently different enough in its intentions and tact that it 
> should not share the same DNS mechanism.

This working group has not made such a conclusion. The working group made 
a conclusion that the HELO identity is different and should be pursued 
separately from work being done on "from" identities represented by 
CallerID and SPF, RMX and other proposals and it was decised that mechanics
offered by SPF offer best choice for futher standartization. We have 
not made any conclusion about DNS mechanism that should be used for HELO
identity but agreed to let Dave Crocker and Douglas Otis work further on 
their promising proposal and evaluate it in detail after SenderID work is 
dealt with.

If the above is incorrect understanding about conclusions from interim
meeting in May and list discussions prior to that, then please correct me
and show at which point in the WG dicussions did we reach consensus 
on dns mechanisms for HELO identity checking.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
cc: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> Sounds like the last call might have to be extended or canceled.

The idea that WG would come to consensus and produce complete set of 
documents within 4 months of its beginning was unrealistic to begin with.
(and many have said that in the beginning). 

The last call is appropriate for documents that have undergone serious
review and all major problems have been eliminated. It is not a way to 
find all the problems in the documents that need fixing (did you notice
how many real  tech-errors, doc-bugs, etc have been reported?) - this
should have been done as part of normal process of this WG's work. Even
if we did not have such serious IPR issues, I would be surprised if
documents in their current form were able to progress further - a new 
revision and new review of all the drafts are needed. It is however 
unfortunete that this WG did not seriously gone through each document in 
such a detail until we were formally called upon with this last-call,
I however attribute this to the rush put with our initial schedule.

I do not think its realistic to be able to progress to standard before 
next meeting. In fact it might be unrealistic that we're able to progress 
even at that time, but hopefully we'll be more ready and somewhere by the 
end of the year we really can do this. And even if it happens this way, 
the WG that has done its work in less then one year, would still probably 
be the shortest successfull WG of IETF.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 05:32:12 -0400
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On Sep 9, 2004, at 4:16 AM, AccuSpam wrote:

>
>
>> IETF had real problem is that it did not wish to deal with how their
>> protocols would be deployed. This is the main reason of failures of 
>> number
>> of protocols that have been created and why others are less used then
>> they could be. Certain conclusion must (and have) been drawn out of 
>> this
>> and it would be unfortunete if we choose to go the same road again.
>
>
> IMHO, the largest deployment hurdle will be to get 63 million of 
> domain owners (growing at 1.5 million per month) to publish and 
> maintain a DNS record.  (See my post at spf-discuss for source).
>
> Presenting these non-technical people with the complexity of choosing 
> which scope their approved mail servers will be used and other complex 
> options we might provide them, seems to run counter to the 80/20 rule 
> for deployment.

A very small minority of those domains will do the actual publishing 
themselves. They will rely on their vendors to publish for them and to 
exchange the necessary information.

The average domain owner does not know what DNS is and if they do, they 
have no idea who manages DNS for them. The record update problem is 
serious and needs to be addressed within the industry, but the end user 
education needs to take the form of telling people that (a) this exists 
and (b) who to call.

Small business domains, of which there are literally millions, 
generally outsource everything. If they are business to consumer they 
may have an outsourced online shopping cart sending transaction 
notices. They almost certainly have an ISP for business person to 
person mail. And any email marketing will be a third provider.

The assumption that small domains all have simple configurations is 
just not valid. It's probably true for small personal domains, and 
small technical domains, but those are not the majority.

Failure to scope will make it harder, not easier, for small domains, if 
for no other reason than figuring out what a rational receiver is 
likely to do with the record will be that much harder for whoever is 
doing the domain administration.  This is currently a very low cost 
service - do we want to make it expensive?

Margaret.



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Margaret Olson wrote:

>> Would those of you who suggest ignoring the patent please also
>> volunteer to pay for any and all costs associated with a (potential)
>> lawsuit from MS for not using their license?
>
> I can't speak for Yakov, but I'm suggesting that this working group
> ignore the IPR issue as irrelevant. You may or may not choose to
> ignore it for yourself.

I chose not to. The question, to me, is not whether Microsoft's IPR claims 
are valid, but whether I can afford to be wrong. Heck, with all the legal 
cost involved with a lawsuit, I cannot even afford to be right. :)

- Mark



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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Dave Crocker wrote:
>
>   The issue of forwarding for author-based path registration schemes,
>   like SPF and Sender-ID, has been discussed at length.  At a minimum,
>   we need to document these impacts on usage.

Perhaps my DEPLOY submission will serve as a starting point. I can
generalise it into an "Interoperability Considerations" section that
covers both /pra and /mailfrom if you think this would be useful.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
MULL OF KINTYRE TO ARDNAMURCHAN POINT: SOUTHEAST 4 OR 5, OCCASIONALLY 3 LATER.
FAIR. GOOD. SLIGHT.



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On Wed, 8 Sep 2004, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
>
> Forwarding can be "repaired" with things like SUBMITTER or SRS (I
> prefer SUBMITTER). SPF-classic breaks forwarding but SenderID may be
> changed to repair it.

SUBMITTER is just an optimisation: it has no effect on semantics and it
does nothing to fix the interoperability problems. Most of the problems
arise in a mixed environment with some sites that implement Sender-ID and
some that do not. They are a result of trying to authenticate a message
with respect to an MTA, which is the fundamental error of all designated
sender schemes.

See http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04462.html for a more
thorough analysis of problems caused by Sender-ID.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SOUTHEAST ICELAND: WEST OR SOUTHWEST 4 OR 5, OCCASIONALLY 6 AT FIRST, BECOMING
VARIABLE 3 OR 4. RAIN DYING OUT. MODERATE OR POOR BECOMING GOOD &NBSP;.



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 09 Sep 2004 13:55:42 +0800."
             <4.1.20040909130446.016721f0(null)> 
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AccuSpam <support@accuspam.com> wrote:
> IMO, the scope should be implicit from the specification.

  "Implicit" instructions in specifications have historically meant
inter-operability problems, and security flaws.

  The specifications exist to make scope/intent explicit.  Adding a
few more sentences to clarify the scope would be a good idea for any
specification.

> >And if so, do you actually think it is better for the receiver to have 
> >to guess the intended scope of the sender?
> 
> Yes because inherent in the design of the specification should be
> acknowledged the *REALITY* that the sender can not control the
> receiver (verifier).

  Control is different from intent.  MX records in DNS are intended to
be used as destination IP's for SMTP traffic to a domain, and that
intent is explicit in the specifications.  Yet nothing stops anyone
from doing:

$ ping `host -t mx example.com`

  For MARID issues, the intent of the publisher of the records should
be made explicit in the specifications, if not the protocol.  For the
vast majority of recipients who use the records as expected, having
that intent explicit makes their jobs easier.  For the recipients who
don't follow the publishers intent, it makes no difference to have
that intent explicit, because they won't follow it.

> I think it would be folly and brittle for us to attempt to specify
> *ALL* the ways that the data in the DNS record can be used and
> interpreted, ...

  Similarly, it would be follow to specify *no* standard way for the
data to be used and interpreted.

  There is a happy medium.  We should find it, and use it.

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 09:45:26 2004
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To: Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com>
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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 04:28:47PM -0700,
 Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com> wrote 
 a message of 23 lines which said:

> If patent-encumbered stuff (PRA) is any part of the specification
> (and I see it mentioned in your proposal), then the ASF (including
> the SpamAssassin and JAMES projects) vehemently objects.

Even if, while mentioned in the specification, it is optional and can
be ommitted at will?

> Given that there is a lack of consensus on PRA, it seems like the
> best course is drop PRA entirely and allow the specification authors
> to revise things a bit more freely again.

Crypto-related standards (a field crippled with patents) often use the
very same method to allow interesting (but potentially infringing)
algorithms. See RFC 2246 for instance. You do not object against it
because it mentions the patented IDEA?




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Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
    "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing SPF checks than
    legitimate e-mail."

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"



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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 02:25:29PM -0700,
 Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> wrote 
 a message of 41 lines which said:

> Yes, scopes would need an IANA registry. 

Unless we decide to hardwire the list of possible scopes in the RFC, I
presume? 

> 3) One generally never publishes records about HELO at the same
> domain name as MAIL FROM or PRA.  Hence they'd never share a record.

That's strange. If you publish a SPF record for example.com, surely
mail.example.com (the name you announce in HELO) has a SPF record,
too? (Otherwise, it is trivial to defeat your SPF record, the method
is left as an exercice.)
 



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I'm the one who pointed out over on spf-discuss that the Microsoft Sender ID record wizard appears to be broken.

Unlike some others, I don't see it as a sign of conspiricy.  Just a screwed up piece of programming.  Probably the result of a rush job based on incomplete or bad information.

The things I noted:

1. The  plain  a  mechanism doesn't work.  If you click the box to get it, it never appears in the final record.

2.  Both the  a  and  mx  mechanism's encourage the user to put ipv4 or ipv6 addresses as arguments to the mechanisms.  I understand this, though not specifically forbidden by the spec., is not good practice.

3.  The wizard prefixes the records with v=spf2.0/pra   I understand that this syntax is still very much under debate and can not yet be considered part of the specification.

I'm not an expert.  I may have missed things or misunderstood things, but I think there is evidence that the wizard needs some healing magic :)

Mark Holm




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On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 04:16:37PM +0800,
 AccuSpam <support@accuspam.com> wrote 
 a message of 63 lines which said:

> Presenting these non-technical people with the complexity of
> choosing which scope their approved mail servers will be used and
> other complex options we might provide them, seems to run counter to
> the 80/20 rule for deployment.

In most cases, all the scopes (or at least PRA and 2821 MAIL FROM) are
the same. So, the default scope will probably be fine for them.

"Unified SPF" (http://spf.pobox.com/unified/1-unified.txt) discusses
this issue. See 2.2.1 and 2.2.2.



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Koen Martens wrote:
> All,
> 
> Microsoft has sponsored a 'wizard' to create SPF records, it's online
> here:
> 
> http://www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.aspx
> 
> However, the wizard is seriously flawed. For example, it suggests you to
> enter ip adresses to be used with the a mechanism, producing for example:
> 
> v=spf2.0/pra a:1.2.3.4 ~all
> 
> this obviously should be 
> 
> v=spf2.0/pra ip4:1.2.3.4 ~all
> 
> There are further flaws in the programming. Surely, microsoft
> programmers are not _this_ stupid, so I cannot understand otherwise than
> this is a deliberate stalling move to frustrate development of SenderID. 
> 
> This wizard should be taken off-line immediatelly! It should not come
> back online until after all the bugs have been fixed. This wizard is bad
> for deployment, making people publish bad records.

A quick WHOIS check determines that the domain belongs to "Aditi 
Technologies" which is an outsourcing company in India.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
Cc: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 15:16 +0200, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 02:25:29PM -0700,
> Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> wrote:
> > 3) One generally never publishes records about HELO at the same
> > domain name as MAIL FROM or PRA.  Hence they'd never share a record.
> 
> That's strange. If you publish a SPF record for example.com, surely
> mail.example.com (the name you announce in HELO) has a SPF record,
> too? 

strcmp("example.com", "mail.example.com");

As Mark said, they don't _share_ a record. They each have their own.

-- 
dwmw2



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Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 10:06:35 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
From: "Chuck Mead" <csm@moongroup.com>
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Markus Stumpf said:
>
> Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
>     http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
>     "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing SPF checks than
>     legitimate e-mail."

This is good news! Personally I hope it hits 100% as that will make it
sooooooo much easier to whack the moles!

--
csm@moongroup.com
Chief Tech and Bottle Washer



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 10:20:34 -0400
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On Sep 9, 2004, at 4:30 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> If the above is incorrect understanding about conclusions from interim
> meeting in May and list discussions prior to that, then please correct 
> me
> and show at which point in the WG dicussions did we reach consensus
> on dns mechanisms for HELO identity checking.

The conclusion was that CSV semantics should not put into Sender ID, 
which uses a particular syntax known as SPF syntax and the TXT & SPF 
records.

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02527.html

-andy



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From: Koen Martens <gmc@metro.cx>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: microsoft SenderID wizard seriously flawed, unusable
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On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 09:55:55AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Koen Martens wrote:
> >Microsoft has sponsored a 'wizard' to create SPF records, it's online
> >here:
> >
> >http://www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.aspx
> >
> >However, the wizard is seriously flawed. For example, it suggests you to
> >enter ip adresses to be used with the a mechanism, producing for example:
>  
>	[....]
> 
> A quick WHOIS check determines that the domain belongs to "Aditi 
> Technologies" which is an outsourcing company in India.

A quick glance at the web-site determines that the site is sponsored by microsoft. Why is microsoft sponsoring a wizard that creates invalid spf records? If microsoft is not indeed sponsoring this site, why has the 'sponsored by microsoft' banner up there for months now?

Koen

-- 
K.F.J. Martens, Sonologic, http://www.sonologic.nl/
Networking, embedded systems, unix expertise, artificial intelligence.
Public PGP key: http://www.metro.cx/pubkey-gmc.asc
Wondering about the funny attachment your mail program
can't read? Visit http://www.openpgp.org/



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Isn't that what I said would happen?

		--Dean

On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Markus Stumpf wrote:

> 
> Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
>     http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
>     "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing SPF checks than
>     legitimate e-mail."
> 
> 	\Maex
> 
> 

Date: Tue, 10 Aug 2004 19:55:57 -0400 (EDT)
From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
To: 'IETF MARID WG' <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Analysis of SPF benefits for reduced filtering


It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced 
filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?

IF you use SPF to provide less stringent anti-spam processing, then you
are MORE vulnerable than you were before. You have shot yourself in the
foot.  Suppose for example that AOL subjects MSN users to less stringent
anti-spam filtering because MSN uses SPF.  MSN is still vulnerable to
viruses as it was before it used SPF, and it is just as vulnerable to
disposable account creation as it was before.  Using SPF will __attract__
abusers to MSN, because they can get more spam through to AOL, because it
is subject to less processing.  Since AOL is doing less processing on the
same spam, AOL users get more spam. SPF is bad for both companies.

And of course, anyone who sets up a disposable domain can also get spam
through to AOL by creating an SPF record for the domain. Disposable
domains along with disposable or stolen accounts is a major problem now,
and it remains a major problem under SPF.

Anything that reduces spam filtering without reducing the number of
abusers will be harmful.

Basically, SPF gives abusers the opportunity to whitelist themselves, or
the opportunity to identify ISPs that may be whitelisted. Any kind of
whitelist that is under the control of the sender, rather than the
recipient is also going to be ineffective and harmful.


Dean Anderson
Av8 Internet, Inc




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Koen Martens wrote:

> On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 09:55:55AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
>> Koen Martens wrote:
>> 
>>> Microsoft has sponsored a 'wizard' to create SPF records, it's
>>> online here:
>>> 
>>> http://www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.aspx
>>> 
>>> 
>>> However, the wizard is seriously flawed. For example, it suggests
>>> you to enter ip adresses to be used with the a mechanism,
>>> producing for example:
>> 
>> 
>> [....]
>> 
>> A quick WHOIS check determines that the domain belongs to "Aditi 
>> Technologies" which is an outsourcing company in India.
> 
> 
> A quick glance at the web-site determines that the site is sponsored
> by microsoft. Why is microsoft sponsoring a wizard that creates
> invalid spf records? If microsoft is not indeed sponsoring this site,
> why has the 'sponsored by microsoft' banner up there for months now?

It sounds like they outsourced the work to India and the outsources 
botched it up. I don't see any malicious intent here, simply lack of 
foresight. But we can always ask Jim and Harry...

Yakov



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Dean,

 You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT spammers to use
SPF.
This will allow us to identify, publish, process, shred, pillage, burn,
destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming from. Nobody is doing
less stringent processing of the email that passes an SPF check. It just
makes it easier to block when identified.
 The checks that I DON'T have to do are against the received from:
headers. I already know. If you want to call this 'reducing filtering'
so be it. But it is a reduction because the check that you used to have
to run is no longer necessary.

Regards,
Damon Sauer


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Dean Anderson
Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 10:59 AM
To: Markus Stumpf
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers



Isn't that what I said would happen?

		--Dean

On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Markus Stumpf wrote:

> 
> Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
>     http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
>     "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing SPF checks
than
>     legitimate e-mail."
> 
> 	\Maex
> 
> 

Date: Tue, 10 Aug 2004 19:55:57 -0400 (EDT)
From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
To: 'IETF MARID WG' <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Analysis of SPF benefits for reduced filtering


It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced 
filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?

IF you use SPF to provide less stringent anti-spam processing, then you
are MORE vulnerable than you were before. You have shot yourself in the
foot.  Suppose for example that AOL subjects MSN users to less stringent
anti-spam filtering because MSN uses SPF.  MSN is still vulnerable to
viruses as it was before it used SPF, and it is just as vulnerable to
disposable account creation as it was before.  Using SPF will
__attract__ abusers to MSN, because they can get more spam through to
AOL, because it is subject to less processing.  Since AOL is doing less
processing on the same spam, AOL users get more spam. SPF is bad for
both companies.

And of course, anyone who sets up a disposable domain can also get spam
through to AOL by creating an SPF record for the domain. Disposable
domains along with disposable or stolen accounts is a major problem now,
and it remains a major problem under SPF.

Anything that reduces spam filtering without reducing the number of
abusers will be harmful.

Basically, SPF gives abusers the opportunity to whitelist themselves, or
the opportunity to identify ISPs that may be whitelisted. Any kind of
whitelist that is under the control of the sender, rather than the
recipient is also going to be ineffective and harmful.


Dean Anderson
Av8 Internet, Inc



*****
The information transmitted is intended only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113




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> From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>

(Sorry if I got the attribution wrong - confusing bad quoting and
top-posting going on)

> It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced
> filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?

On its own - no.

Fortunately, it's not what they're doing - they're using SPF for
exactly what it was intended - as part of their reputation system.
They use SPF to confirm that a mail purporting to come from an
organisation on their whitelist is not forged.

Domain on whitelist + SPF Pass = less filtering.

Peter



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Subject: Beta Tool RE: DEPLOY: Microsoft SenderID wizard seriously flawed, unusable,
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 08:14:09 -0700
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From: "Craig Spiezle" <craigspi@microsoft.com>
To: "Holm, Mark" <MHolm@medrad.com>, <ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org>
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The tool is in beta, incorporating use case feedback prior to being
finalized, both on usability as well as creating accurate records.  In
its current state It is intended to demonstrate the ease of creating a
text record and to assist in implementation and deployment once the spec
moves from the draft to proposed state.

On the home page
www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.aspx  this is
called out as below; =20

Note: This wizard is in beta and is intended to illustrate what SPF
records will look like and the ease of creating them. We anticipate
possible changes to the final format by the IETF. As such, records are
subject to change until the standard has been finalized and approved.=20

If you have other suggestions, including usability please forward your
comments directly to senderid@microsoft.com. =20




Craig Spiezle
Director Industry & Partner Relations
Safety Technology Strategy Group
Microsoft Corporation

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Holm, Mark
Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 6:34 AM
To: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: microsoft SenderID wizard seriously flawed,
unusable,


I'm the one who pointed out over on spf-discuss that the Microsoft
Sender ID record wizard appears to be broken.

Unlike some others, I don't see it as a sign of conspiricy.  Just a
screwed up piece of programming.  Probably the result of a rush job
based on incomplete or bad information.

The things I noted:

1. The  plain  a  mechanism doesn't work.  If you click the box to get
it, it never appears in the final record.

2.  Both the  a  and  mx  mechanism's encourage the user to put ipv4 or
ipv6 addresses as arguments to the mechanisms.  I understand this,
though not specifically forbidden by the spec., is not good practice.

3.  The wizard prefixes the records with v=3Dspf2.0/pra   I understand
that this syntax is still very much under debate and can not yet be
considered part of the specification.

I'm not an expert.  I may have missed things or misunderstood things,
but I think there is evidence that the wizard needs some healing magic
:)

Mark Holm



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<TITLE>Beta Tool RE: DEPLOY: Microsoft SenderID wizard seriously flawed, =
unusable,</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!-- Converted from text/rtf format -->

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">The =
tool is</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> =
<FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">in</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial"> beta</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">, =
incorporating</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">use case f</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">eedback prior to being =
finalized</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">, both on usability as well =
as creating accurate records</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">.&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">In its current =
state</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> =
<FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">It is intended to demonstrate the ease of =
creating a text record and to assist in implementation and deployment =
once the spec moves from the draft to</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">proposed</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial"> state.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">On =
the home page</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> </SPAN><A =
HREF=3D"http://www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.asp=
x"><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><U><FONT =
COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">www.anti-spamtools.org/SenderIDEmailPolicyTool/Default.asp=
x</FONT></U></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></A><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">this is</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial"> called out</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial"> as below;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">Note: This wizard is in beta and is intended to =
illustrate what SPF records will look like and the ease of creating =
them. We anticipate possible changes to the final format by the IETF. As =
such, records are subject to change until the standard has been =
finalized and approved.</FONT></B></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><B></B></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><B> </B></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">If =
you have other suggestions</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">including usability please =
forward your comments</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">directly</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial"> to</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> </SPAN><A HREF=3D"mailto:senderid@microsoft.com"><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><U><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">senderid@microsoft.com</FONT></U></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></A><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> </SPAN></P>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN><A NAME=3D""><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Craig =
Spiezle</FONT></SPAN></A></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">Director Industry &amp; Partner =
Relations</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">Safety Technology Strategy Group</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">Microsoft Corporation</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">-----Original Message-----<BR>
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org">mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@m=
ail.imc.org</A>] On Behalf Of Holm, Mark<BR>
Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 6:34 AM<BR>
To: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org<BR>
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: microsoft SenderID wizard seriously flawed, =
unusable,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></P>
<BR>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">I'm the one who pointed out over on spf-discuss that the Microsoft =
Sender ID record wizard appears to be broken.</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">Unlike some others, I don't see it as a sign of conspiricy.&nbsp; =
Just a screwed up piece of programming.&nbsp; Probably the result of a =
rush job based on incomplete or bad information.</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">The things I noted:</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">1. The&nbsp; plain&nbsp; a&nbsp; mechanism doesn't work.&nbsp; If =
you click the box to get it, it never appears in the final =
record.</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">2.&nbsp; Both the&nbsp; a&nbsp; and&nbsp; mx&nbsp; mechanism's =
encourage the user to put ipv4 or ipv6 addresses as arguments to the =
mechanisms.&nbsp; I understand this, though not specifically forbidden =
by the spec., is not good practice.</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">3.&nbsp; The wizard prefixes the records with =
v=3Dspf2.0/pra&nbsp;&nbsp; I understand that this syntax is still very =
much under debate and can not yet be considered part of the =
specification.</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">I'm not an expert.&nbsp; I may have missed things or misunderstood =
things, but I think there is evidence that the wizard needs some healing =
magic :)</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P ALIGN=3DLEFT><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Courier =
New">Mark Holm</FONT></SPAN></P>
<BR>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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All,

> Crypto-related standards (a field crippled with patents) often use the
> very same method to allow interesting (but potentially infringing)
> algorithms. See RFC 2246 for instance. You do not object against it
> because it mentions the patented IDEA?

To be honest from what I can see there doesn't really need to be a
specification for PRA at all as it merely formalises the correct
interpretation of RFC2822 compliant headers.

"This document describes an algorithm that allows one to determine who
   appears to have most recently caused an e-mail message to be
   delivered.  It does this by inspecting the headers in the message.
   [RFC2822]"

PRA could just as easily be replaced by a requirement to interpret headers
in accordance with RFC2822,

Marid core 4:
"Determining the Purported Responsible Address

   The purported responsible address (PRA) of a message MUST be
   determined using the algorithm described in [PRA].

   If the Sender ID check is being performed by an MTA as part of
   receiving an e-mail message, and the PRA algorithm cannot determine a
   PRA, then the message SHOULD be rejected with error "550 5.1.7
   Missing purported Responsible Address""

This could be redrafted as

"Determining the domain responsible for introduction of the message into
the messaging system MUST be in accordance with RFC2822."

and "ver-scope"  could be redefined to refer to a definition of the senders
domain written in refrence to rfc2822 alone.


It would then be the responsibility of the implementor to deal with their
own IPR issues, though what a can of worms would be opened if a patent
could be taken out on any algorythm implied but not explicitly stated by
any RFC.

It strikes me that crypto algorithms are the product of much commercial
effort and the ends of ineroperability are better served by incuding them
in an interoperability framework than omitting them. This case is different
in that a party to an interoperability standard seems to have indicated
that they intend to seek patents based upon work done by the group and
which will probably affect implementations but will not be granted or
revealed until after the standard has been published.


d.

(p.s. I'm an Apache James PMC member)







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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 11:56:24 2004
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It might be useful if people checked their facts before using rumor or
secondhand reports as the basis of posting to the lsit.

On Thu, 9 Sep 2004 10:58:34 -0400 (EDT), Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> 
> Isn't that what I said would happen?
> 
>                --Dean
> 

> It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced
> filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
> 

Please visit: http://postmaster.aol.com/spf/

AOL has NOT said they will do less stringent checking if you publish
an SPF record. What they have said is that in order to remain on their
whitelist (assuming you meet all of the other requirements) you must
publish SPF records.

I think their website is pretty clear.

Mike



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 11:57:24 2004
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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> > If the above is incorrect understanding about conclusions from interim
> > meeting in May and list discussions prior to that, then please correct 
> > me
> > and show at which point in the WG dicussions did we reach consensus
> > on dns mechanisms for HELO identity checking.
> 
> The conclusion was that CSV semantics should not put into Sender ID, 
> which uses a particular syntax known as SPF syntax and the TXT & SPF 
> records.
> 
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02527.html

There appears to be problems with above statement. The problem has to do 
with interpretation of how names "SenderID" and "CSV" are used. It appears 
based on yesterday's statement that you imply that you were using both in 
more general sense and assuming SenderID to mean anything that working 
group comes up with that is using SPF syntax and CSV to mean HELO 
identity checking in general.

But that is not how I or many others understand this. For me SenderID is 
particular proposal made when attempting to merge SPF with CallerID and 
that means its particular to the PRA identity (that is why until now 
SenderID was always distinguished from SPF classic and it was understood 
that SenderID does not include SPF classic but that MARID may at later 
time standarding SPF classic envelope mail-from checks on its own after 
conclusion of SenderID identity work. Similarly CSV is also particular 
proposal made by Dave Crocker on the HELO identity checking.

In that sense merging these two completely different and particular 
proposals or even discussing it would not have been productive for the 
group so I agree with what you said in that post. I understood it to mean 
that we should focus on SenderID identity at the time and discuss other 
identities and specific CSV proposal later.

I do not see the above to imply that we agreed (or disagreed) that we can 
not include checking other identities by means of SPF syntax, again it
was understood that discussions of that will take place later on. And
since we agreed not discuss CSV or HELO identity checking until SenderID
is worked on, it means there was no discussion and thus no consensus about 
what dns symantics should be used with that identity...

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net









From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 12:16:56 2004
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        Markus Stumpf
	 <maex-lists-email-ietf-mxcomp@Space.Net>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
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What percentage of the SPF authenticated spam is being trapped by
the spam filters?

The big advantage of authentication is that you are no longer forced
to analyse at the message level. Even if you have zero third party 
data available you can arrive at general conclusions such as 
'all mail from example.com is spam' or the opposite.

Authentication alone is not a security solution. You also need
authorization. This is what I was saying 18 months ago in my 
'Plan for No Spam'. 

		Phill

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dean Anderson [mailto:dean@av8.com]
> Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 10:59 AM
> To: Markus Stumpf
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
> Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
> 
> 
> 
> Isn't that what I said would happen?
> 
> 		--Dean
> 
> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Markus Stumpf wrote:
> 
> > 
> > Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
> >     http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
> >     "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing 
> SPF checks than
> >     legitimate e-mail."
> > 
> > 	\Maex
> > 
> > 
> 
> Date: Tue, 10 Aug 2004 19:55:57 -0400 (EDT)
> From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
> To: 'IETF MARID WG' <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
> Subject: Analysis of SPF benefits for reduced filtering
> 
> 
> It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced 
> filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
> 
> IF you use SPF to provide less stringent anti-spam 
> processing, then you
> are MORE vulnerable than you were before. You have shot 
> yourself in the
> foot.  Suppose for example that AOL subjects MSN users to 
> less stringent
> anti-spam filtering because MSN uses SPF.  MSN is still vulnerable to
> viruses as it was before it used SPF, and it is just as vulnerable to
> disposable account creation as it was before.  Using SPF will 
> __attract__
> abusers to MSN, because they can get more spam through to 
> AOL, because it
> is subject to less processing.  Since AOL is doing less 
> processing on the
> same spam, AOL users get more spam. SPF is bad for both companies.
> 
> And of course, anyone who sets up a disposable domain can 
> also get spam
> through to AOL by creating an SPF record for the domain. Disposable
> domains along with disposable or stolen accounts is a major 
> problem now,
> and it remains a major problem under SPF.
> 
> Anything that reduces spam filtering without reducing the number of
> abusers will be harmful.
> 
> Basically, SPF gives abusers the opportunity to whitelist 
> themselves, or
> the opportunity to identify ISPs that may be whitelisted. Any kind of
> whitelist that is under the control of the sender, rather than the
> recipient is also going to be ineffective and harmful.
> 
> 
> Dean Anderson
> Av8 Internet, Inc
> 
> 



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 12:30:40 2004
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To: Michael Hammer <dotzero@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Michael Hammer wrote:

> AOL has NOT said they will do less stringent checking if you publish
> an SPF record. What they have said is that in order to remain on their
> whitelist (assuming you meet all of the other requirements) you must
> publish SPF records.

"A requires B" does not mean "B implies A" i.e. A<B does not lead to B=A

So in order to be on their whitelist AOL will require to have published 
SPF records. However those that published SPF records don't automaticly 
get to be on the AOL whitelist!

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 18:15:40 +0200
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On Sep 9, 2004, at 18:11, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Michael Hammer wrote:
>
>> AOL has NOT said they will do less stringent checking if you publish
>> an SPF record. What they have said is that in order to remain on their
>> whitelist (assuming you meet all of the other requirements) you must
>> publish SPF records.
>
> "A requires B" does not mean "B implies A" i.e. A<B does not lead to 
> B=A
>
> So in order to be on their whitelist AOL will require to have published
> SPF records. However those that published SPF records don't automaticly
> get to be on the AOL whitelist!

It's pretty sad that people like the author of this article we got a 
link to still see 1:1 mapping between "remove spam" and "minimize the 
number of fake sender addresses". I thought "we" as a collective had 
educated enough people to not get articles like this.

Sigh...

More education needed, else any mechanism which try to stop fake sender 
addresses will fall in the same trap -- and be useless. We need ability 
to track spammers (i.e. more correct data about the sender), someone 
tracking and a legal system which penalizes the originator to show that 
"spam is not ok". All three things. One piece in the puzzle is not 
enough.

    paf

Patrik Fältström <paf@cisco.com>                         Cisco Systems
Consulting Engineer                   Corporate Consulting Engineering
         PGP: 2DFC AAF6 16F0 F276 7843  2DC1 BC79 51D9 7D25 B8DC




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 13:10:13 2004
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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Tony Finch'" <dot@dotat.at>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Cc: Tony Finch <fanf2@cam.ac.uk>
Subject: RE: DEPLOY: not at the University of Cambridge
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 09:38:04 -0700 
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> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Tony Finch

> Most of these
> reasons apply to all designated sender schemes, so we won't be
> implementing SPF either.

> As well as the alumni forwarding service, about 7% of our 
> message store
> users forward their email off-site. These users are likely to lose
> legitimate email because of Sender-ID checks at the 
> destination sites. 

Looks to me as if you can still deploy an SPF record that says
that A, B & C are authentic university of Cambridge mail servers.
What you are saying you cannot do is to add a final -all to 
exclude the universe of all other mail servers.

This is supported by the spec.

> We do not know how many of our users forward email to 
> Cambridge from other
> sites, and it is very difficult to find out. We can only implement
> Sender-ID checks if we also whitelist sites that forward to 
> Cambridge, in
> order to avoid erroneously rejecting legitimate email. It will be
> extremely difficult to create and maintain the whitelist, 

That is why most people who are going to use a whitelist are
going to outsource the process.

VeriSign has started making the Verified Domains List available
to qualified anti-spam companies and we plan to make it available
to everyone via a DNS publication mechanism in the near future.
Both services are free.

> The University is a federal organization with a strongly delegated
> management structure. The Computing Service does not have a 
> monopoly over
> the provision of email services, so the colleges and 
> departments use the
> central email services to a greater or lesser extent at their 
> choice. We
> would have to perform a much more detailed liaison exercise 
> than usual to
> work out what the implications of implementing Sender-ID would be for
> email travelling between the various parts of the University.

What this says to me is that even though the central IT dept
at Cambridge is not going to support Sender ID, the same is not necessarily
true of the colleges. The more progressive colleges
such as Porterhouse can choose to issue SenderID records for
their domains even if central IT services do not.

The ancient universities have barely come to terms with the 
consequences of the industrial revolution. If we consider 
the suitability of specifications on the basis of their 
ability to deploy we are not going to get very far. 



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 13:10:17 2004
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From: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
To: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>,
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Also by me. Please see my post dated: Wed, 5 Mar 2003. With particular
attention to example.

http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/asrg/current/msg00334.html

Regards,
Damon Sauer


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Hallam-Baker,
Phillip
Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 11:46 AM
To: 'Dean Anderson'; Markus Stumpf
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers



What percentage of the SPF authenticated spam is being trapped by the
spam filters?

The big advantage of authentication is that you are no longer forced to
analyse at the message level. Even if you have zero third party 
data available you can arrive at general conclusions such as 
'all mail from example.com is spam' or the opposite.

Authentication alone is not a security solution. You also need
authorization. This is what I was saying 18 months ago in my 
'Plan for No Spam'. 

		Phill

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dean Anderson [mailto:dean@av8.com]
> Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 10:59 AM
> To: Markus Stumpf
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
> Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
> 
> 
> 
> Isn't that what I said would happen?
> 
> 		--Dean
> 
> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Markus Stumpf wrote:
> 
> > 
> > Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
> >     http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
> >     "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing
> SPF checks than
> >     legitimate e-mail."
> > 
> > 	\Maex
> > 
> > 
> 
> Date: Tue, 10 Aug 2004 19:55:57 -0400 (EDT)
> From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
> To: 'IETF MARID WG' <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
> Subject: Analysis of SPF benefits for reduced filtering
> 
> 
> It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced
> filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
> 
> IF you use SPF to provide less stringent anti-spam
> processing, then you
> are MORE vulnerable than you were before. You have shot 
> yourself in the
> foot.  Suppose for example that AOL subjects MSN users to 
> less stringent
> anti-spam filtering because MSN uses SPF.  MSN is still vulnerable to
> viruses as it was before it used SPF, and it is just as vulnerable to
> disposable account creation as it was before.  Using SPF will 
> __attract__
> abusers to MSN, because they can get more spam through to 
> AOL, because it
> is subject to less processing.  Since AOL is doing less 
> processing on the
> same spam, AOL users get more spam. SPF is bad for both companies.
> 
> And of course, anyone who sets up a disposable domain can
> also get spam
> through to AOL by creating an SPF record for the domain. Disposable
> domains along with disposable or stolen accounts is a major 
> problem now,
> and it remains a major problem under SPF.
> 
> Anything that reduces spam filtering without reducing the number of 
> abusers will be harmful.
> 
> Basically, SPF gives abusers the opportunity to whitelist
> themselves, or
> the opportunity to identify ISPs that may be whitelisted. Any kind of
> whitelist that is under the control of the sender, rather than the
> recipient is also going to be ineffective and harmful.
> 
> 
> Dean Anderson
> Av8 Internet, Inc
> 
> 


*****
The information transmitted is intended only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 13:17:33 2004
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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Sauer, Damon'" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>,
        "Hallam-Baker, Phillip"
	 <pbaker@verisign.com>,
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	 <maex-lists-email-ietf-mxcomp@Space.Net>
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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
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I claim absolutely no originality here. Butler Lampson was talking about
Authentication/Authorization in the design of the MULTICS security system
thirty years ago before email was invented. The only originality here might
be here is changing the term authorization to accreditation due to the
possible use of third party data.

What I suspect has happened here is that the spammers have asked their arms
providers for a SenderID work arround and this is what they have come up
with. It does not have to work for the arms providers to get paid. I suspect
that spammers are also adding SPF records in the hope that they can slow the
adoption of SenderID by falsely claiming it is not going to work. If
SenderID was not going to work they would not be as concerned as they
clearly are.

We have a reactive system here, we said all along that this would happen.
disposable domains are a clear weakness in any authentication only solution.
That is why we have to go further to accreditation - which I hope we will
get to as soon as last call finishes.

SenderID is the chasis, engine and wheels. We know that we also need
bodywork before we have a complete car.

		Phill

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Sauer, Damon [mailto:Damon.Sauer@bellsouth.com]
> Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 12:39 PM
> To: Hallam-Baker, Phillip; Dean Anderson; Markus Stumpf
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
> Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
> 
> 
> Also by me. Please see my post dated: Wed, 5 Mar 2003. With particular
> attention to example.
> 
> http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/asrg/current/msg00334.html
> 
> Regards,
> Damon Sauer
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Hallam-Baker,
> Phillip
> Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 11:46 AM
> To: 'Dean Anderson'; Markus Stumpf
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
> Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
> 
> 
> 
> What percentage of the SPF authenticated spam is being trapped by the
> spam filters?
> 
> The big advantage of authentication is that you are no longer 
> forced to
> analyse at the message level. Even if you have zero third party 
> data available you can arrive at general conclusions such as 
> 'all mail from example.com is spam' or the opposite.
> 
> Authentication alone is not a security solution. You also need
> authorization. This is what I was saying 18 months ago in my 
> 'Plan for No Spam'. 
> 
> 		Phill
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Dean Anderson [mailto:dean@av8.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 10:59 AM
> > To: Markus Stumpf
> > Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
> > Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Isn't that what I said would happen?
> > 
> > 		--Dean
> > 
> > On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Markus Stumpf wrote:
> > 
> > > 
> > > Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
> > >     http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
> > >     "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing
> > SPF checks than
> > >     legitimate e-mail."
> > > 
> > > 	\Maex
> > > 
> > > 
> > 
> > Date: Tue, 10 Aug 2004 19:55:57 -0400 (EDT)
> > From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
> > To: 'IETF MARID WG' <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
> > Subject: Analysis of SPF benefits for reduced filtering
> > 
> > 
> > It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced
> > filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
> > 
> > IF you use SPF to provide less stringent anti-spam
> > processing, then you
> > are MORE vulnerable than you were before. You have shot 
> > yourself in the
> > foot.  Suppose for example that AOL subjects MSN users to 
> > less stringent
> > anti-spam filtering because MSN uses SPF.  MSN is still 
> vulnerable to
> > viruses as it was before it used SPF, and it is just as 
> vulnerable to
> > disposable account creation as it was before.  Using SPF will 
> > __attract__
> > abusers to MSN, because they can get more spam through to 
> > AOL, because it
> > is subject to less processing.  Since AOL is doing less 
> > processing on the
> > same spam, AOL users get more spam. SPF is bad for both companies.
> > 
> > And of course, anyone who sets up a disposable domain can
> > also get spam
> > through to AOL by creating an SPF record for the domain. Disposable
> > domains along with disposable or stolen accounts is a major 
> > problem now,
> > and it remains a major problem under SPF.
> > 
> > Anything that reduces spam filtering without reducing the number of 
> > abusers will be harmful.
> > 
> > Basically, SPF gives abusers the opportunity to whitelist
> > themselves, or
> > the opportunity to identify ISPs that may be whitelisted. 
> Any kind of
> > whitelist that is under the control of the sender, rather than the
> > recipient is also going to be ineffective and harmful.
> > 
> > 
> > Dean Anderson
> > Av8 Internet, Inc
> > 
> > 
> 
> 
> *****
> The information transmitted is intended only for the person 
> or entity to which it is addressed and may contain 
> confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any 
> review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or 
> taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by 
> persons or entities other than the intended recipient is 
> prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact 
> the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113
> 



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 14:55:14 2004
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Subject: clarification on consensus call for compromise
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There seems to be some confusion on the proposal on table and on
the next steps which it implies.  To clarify that, it seems important
to step back a bit.  The co-chairs have judged that there is no 
consensus
to move forward with the documents as they entered last call.  Since
the issues with documents do not relate to the syntax of the record,
the DNS-based mechanism, or the fundamental architecture (e.g.
application of these tests by an MTA), the co-chairs have focused the
next steps on how to retain the work which has garnered consensus
and move forward.  To do that, the co-chairs suggest that the existing
documents be modified so that the group creates a standard that:
describes the DNS-based mechanism, the MTA's application
of tests, and a modified syntax which is explicitly scoped.

In order to ensure that there are scopes for which there is no known
IPR encumbrance, the co-chairs propose a new document describing
a mail_from scope.  The PRA scope would also be one of the scopes 
initially
described, as there is clearly sufficient interest in checking pra to
allow it to move forward as one among several scopes (interest being
judged both on public statements and deployed code).  An IANA registry
for additional scopes created by Standards Track RFCs would be created.

Under such a system, it would be up to the zone maintainer to determine
which scopes to provide data on.  It would be up to the MTA running
the check to determine which checks to run.  No single scope would
be mandatory to provide or check; it would simply be mandatory that
someone populating a record use a valid, registered scope.  The
existence of scopes which an MTA does not choose to check take up
packet space in the DNS response, but have no other effect.  While
the existence of at least one mandatory to implement scope would
be beneficial, the co-chairs do not see consensus emerging around
any single scope during the lifetime of this group.  In order not
to abandon this work completely, the appropriate thing to do is
to allow the fundamental mechanism move forward with the options
that have emerged.  Over time, deployment will tell us whether either
of these scopes is successful.

For a real consensus call on this proposal, new documents must
be produced which describe it in full.  Those would be based on
the existing documents and the co-chairs anticipate that they would
be closely related to the existing proposals, at least in regards to
the elements of the system for which we already have consensus.
The document authors have agreed to take on the work required to
undertake the additional work to make this new attempt to reach
overall consensus.

This is not a call for alternate suggestions, nor is it a consensus call
on the documents which have not yet been produced.  It is the
chairs' work plan for meeting this chartered goal of this working
group:

Aug 04 Submit working group document on MTA Authorization Record in DNS 
to PS

Once the documents have been produced, working group discussion of the
protocol engineering and deployment will proceed using the same subject
line headers as before, and we will move through that discussion to a 
second
last call.

-andy, co-chair of MARID



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Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com> wrote:

>> If patent-encumbered stuff (PRA) is any part of the specification
>> (and I see it mentioned in your proposal), then the ASF (including
>> the SpamAssassin and JAMES projects) vehemently objects.

Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> writes:

> Even if, while mentioned in the specification, it is optional and can
> be ommitted at will?

Yes, I think so.  I understand the fine distinction you are trying to
make with this proposal, but it appears to be a back door (and I don't
think you are trying to be deliberately harmful to open source) for the
IETF to standardize a patent-encumbered technology in order to push
Sender ID out the door as soon as possible.  In the end, it would become
a de-facto requirement as the proposal stands.  Also, it is not certain
that the patent will be invalidated or that anyone will have the
resources to invalidate it, so relying on that strategy as part of the
reasoning for this proposal is not a valid argument.  Still, it's
possible the license will be fixed and this will become a moot point.
(I still would like to see the scope become modular as I noted in one of
my earlier technical last call comments.)

We want some method to parse RFC 2822 headers to be part of the
standard.  However, PRA is off limits to us due to how the license is
currently designed.  An unencumbered method to authenticate RFC 2822
messages that is permitted and encouraged is needed.  I believe that the
"experimental" PRA standard will end up an effective requirement,
especially given the intense campaign of the last few weeks to get
companies behind the encumbered standard.

>> Given that there is a lack of consensus on PRA, it seems like the
>> best course is drop PRA entirely and allow the specification authors
>> to revise things a bit more freely again.

> Crypto-related standards (a field crippled with patents) often use the
> very same method to allow interesting (but potentially infringing)
> algorithms.

If the field of crypto is crippled with patents, are you keen on doing
the same to email?

> See RFC 2246 for instance. You do not object against it because it
> mentions the patented IDEA?

False analogy.  There are many alternatives to IDEA that do basically
the same thing and a bunch of them are mentioned in RFC 2246.  In
addition, nobody needs IDEA to authenticate email as best possible.  If
PRA is implicitly the way you connect RFC 2822 with Sender ID, then
email systems will be required to support it:

 - at send time, to conform with systems that use PRA at receive time
   (even when not desired)
 - at receive time, to conform with sites that only send with the PRA
   scope

It seems likely it will become a requirement by virtue of how it is used
and because there is no alternative being pursued by the IETF.  I think
we can find a way to resolve this (either replacing PRA with an
unencumbered alternative or an open license on the PRA patent(s)), but
relying on the patent going away is wishful thinking.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 06:15:40PM +0200, Patrik Fältström wrote:
> More education needed, else any mechanism which try to stop fake sender 
> addresses will fall in the same trap -- and be useless. We need ability 
> to track spammers (i.e. more correct data about the sender), someone 
> tracking and a legal system which penalizes the originator to show that 
> "spam is not ok". All three things. One piece in the puzzle is not 
> enough.

IMHO we need something different first.
If in real life you throw 100,000 letters on the street no postman will
collect and deliver them to the recipients. You have to carry them
somewhere like a post office to get them distributed and delivered.
A postman will only accept letters and put them in his bag if they are
from a "official" post office.
The disadvantage of the SMTProtocol is that there is no way for a MTA
(as opposed to MSA and MDA) whether the party putting letters in his
mailbag is a "official" post office or just some random user.

So what we really need is a method for a MTA to tell the difference.
DE has 6.9 millions registered domains and according to a survey of
Peter Koch (it is in the archives of this list) there are about 150,000
unique IP addresses of MX hosts for that domains. With each TLD added
the percentage will decrease, as a lot of MX hosts act for domain pools
like
     example.{com,net,org,ccTLD,...}
In DE the ratio domains to MXhosts is 2.1% and with all existing domains
on the Internet it may drop to 1.5%.
I think it is not an assumption with a large error ration (at least it
is in the same order of magnitude) to assume that the number of sending
IP addresses ~ number of IP addresses of MX hosts.
IMHO that is a data set that is more workable with, even more as the
control is with people that tend to know what they are doing
(i.e. managing a MTA).

So IMHO Mta Authorization Records In Dns (MARID) should have dealt foremost
with the fact to provide the information in DNS if an IP is a mailserver
at all. That way we would have received the number of "mailservers" (or
lookalikes) from 4,000,000,000 to about 600,000?

Yeah I know all the gossip about "marking in rev DNS is bad as rev DNS
is poorly maintained". Now, how much "legitimate" mailservers have
broken revDNS records? And this is all that is important, if the revDNS
for "legitimate" mailservers is also "poorly maintained".

But industry and the big money are all for anti spoofing of domain
names to protect their customers. But as long as the software industry,
on which this solutions depend, produces software like described in
    http://weblog.infoworld.com/udell/2004/03/23.html
this authorization thingy will reduce the success of spoofers and
phishers by exactly 0 percent.

Sure - as someone has written in this thread - spammers (ab)using SPF help
to block their IP addresses, but with spammers running botnets of 100,000s
of infected hosts I don't think they really care about that fact at all.
Rather they sit there having a good time and laughing about all those
heated discussions about patents and methods of authorization they do
not at all care about. At least not for another 5-10 years.

The spam problem is more then 10 years old (Cantor and Siegel was 1994)
and now look how far we have already come in the last 10 years.
Currently my maillog show that the spam problem is worse than ever.

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"



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Andy,

You asked:

The question before the working group: assuming no
technical errors with the above, is there anybody who
vehemently objects with this proposal?

My comment is not a vehement objection, but rather a strong
suggestion.

Having strongly supported Dave Crocker's earlier suggestion
of a security and operations review of Sender-ID by
graybeards, I second Dave's suggestion, adopt his reasoning
and strongly support the request that the co-chairs have a
security and operations review carried out by graybeards on
any proposal for pra/mailfrom checks before the draft
specifications go through last call.

As a secondary matter, I simply note the draft patent
license contains the following restriction:

Microsoft ... hereby grant You a perpetual ...worldwide
license under Microsoft’s Necessary Claims to use ...
object code versions of Licensed Implementations only as
incorporated into Licensed Products and solely for the
purpose of conforming with the Sender ID Specification.

(See section 2.1 of the draft Patent License.)

My read of the last restriction ... "and solely for the
purpose of conforming with the Sender ID Specification"
precludes "object code versions of Licensed Implementations
only as incorporated into Licensed Products" being used for
any other purpose except to "conform with the Sender ID
Specification."

(The Sender ID Specification being defined as the
combination of draft-marid-pra with draft-marid-core.)

I presume a proposal which includes both pra and mailfrom
checks would involve elements of draft-marid-pra and
draft-marid-core, so giving rise to Microsoft's IPR claim
and the draft patent license with the noted restriction.

As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent
Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators
from incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without
obtaining separate permission from Microsoft.

On this point, please note the following Q & A from
Microsoft's FAQ:

Q8: What if I want to use the Sender ID technology in some
other context, still related to email but perhaps not
related to Sender ID? Will Microsoft sue me? 

A8: Microsoft is committed to working with companies in a
collaborative way to license our Intellectual Property (see
http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/). If Microsoft is
granted patent rights that cover the Sender ID
specification (currently pending) it will make those rights
available at no cost for anyone to implement and use the
Sender ID specification. Microsoft will need to see what
patent rights are granted by the US Patent and Trademark
Office to even know for sure what rights it has to offer.
Since it is impossible to contemplate every possible use of
it Sender ID patent rights we cannot make a commitment up
front to specific license terms. We invite anyone
interested in using Microsoft’s IP to innovate and compete
in the marketplace to come talk to us.

In the circumstances, should the WG wish to proceed with a
protocol which incorporates both pra/mailfrom checking
based on one version with multiple scopes, I urge the WG
co-chairs to seek clarification from Microsoft on this
point.

Why? Because if my understanding is correct, it means
software developers cannot access the Microsoft Necessary
Claims under the draft Sender-ID patent license to develop
object code which allows for pra/mailfrom checking without
getting a further license from Microsoft, which may or may
not be forthcoming. 

In turn as matters now stand, without clarification from
Microsoft, this would seem to be a further impediment to
widespread implementation of this proposal.

John

John Glube
Toronto, Canada

The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com/dne.html

---
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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
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On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 08:07, Sauer, Damon wrote:
> Dean,
> 
> You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT spammers to use
> SPF. This will allow us to identify, publish, process, shred, pillage, burn,
> destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming from. Nobody is doing
> less stringent processing of the email that passes an SPF check. It just
> makes it easier to block when identified.

How do you know the spammer has not bothered to include addresses of 
legitimate MTAs?  The obvious adaptive strategy would be to disrupt this
presumptive use of spammer's information as-if it were trustworthy.  

> The checks that I DON'T have to do are against the received from:
> headers. I already know. If you want to call this 'reducing filtering'
> so be it. But it is a reduction because the check that you used to have
> to run is no longer necessary.

The value of SPF is clear when white-listing as a means for reducing
false negative assessments.

SPF will never serve as a tool for blacklisting for what should be
obvious reasons.  There is a risk presuming the domain identified using
SPF has not been spoofed somewhere in the mail channel.  SPF does not
allow the IP address to be trusted to allow address blacklisting beyond
the current connection, nor does SPF really allow the MAIL FROM mailbox
domain be trusted to a degree that would allow name blacklisting, as it
fails to accurately identify the entity introducing the message.  The
mail channel is often shared and there is no means to verify the channel
is being checked at either end of the administrative realms.

-Doug



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From: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@bellsouth.com>
To: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
Cc: "Dean Anderson" <dean@av8.com>,
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> > You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT spammers to use 
> > SPF. This will allow us to identify, publish, process, 
> shred, pillage, 
> > burn, destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming 
> from. Nobody 
> > is doing less stringent processing of the email that passes an SPF 
> > check. It just makes it easier to block when identified.
> 
> How do you know the spammer has not bothered to include addresses of 
> legitimate MTAs?  The obvious adaptive strategy would be to 
> disrupt this presumptive use of spammer's information as-if 
> it were trustworthy.  


 I am not looking at the SPF record at this point. I am looking at the
IP address they connected from.
 Am I misunderstanding your question? This just seems too obvious to me.


> 
> > The checks that I DON'T have to do are against the received from: 
> > headers. I already know. If you want to call this 'reducing 
> filtering' 
> > so be it. But it is a reduction because the check that you used to 
> > have to run is no longer necessary.
> 
> The value of SPF is clear when white-listing as a means for 
> reducing false negative assessments.
> 
> SPF will never serve as a tool for blacklisting for what 
> should be obvious reasons.  There is a risk presuming the 
> domain identified using SPF has not been spoofed somewhere in 
> the mail channel.  SPF does not allow the IP address to be 
> trusted to allow address blacklisting beyond the current 
> connection, nor does SPF really allow the MAIL FROM mailbox 
> domain be trusted to a degree that would allow name 
> blacklisting, as it fails to accurately identify the entity 
> introducing the message.  The mail channel is often shared 
> and there is no means to verify the channel is being checked 
> at either end of the administrative realms.
> 

 Please provide an example of how this would happen. I am completely
missing your chain of thought.

Regards,
Damon Sauer

*****
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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, <spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com>
Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 14:43:23 -0600
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Markus Stumpf wrote:
>Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
>   http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
>   "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing SPF checks
>   than legitimate e-mail."

I suggest everyone else do what I did. I clicked on the "Feedback" link up
at the top and filled out the form as follows.

YOUR COMMENT IS ABOUT: Factual Errors
URL: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm

YOUR COMMENT:
In your article "Spammers exploit anti-spam trap", you completely missed the
point of SPF. Instead of reporting the use of SPF as a positive, you
portrayed it as a negative.

We WANT spammers to use SPF, because then they are easy to identify. If 100%
of spammers used SPF, I could easily blacklist all e-mail coming from their
domains, and then I'd receive no spam.

Please make a better effort to consult technical experts before making a
report. Several others in the media got the story right (or came close), and
it is very disheartening to see that the BBC (which I rely on for unbiased
reporting) got it completely wrong.

Michael R. Brumm



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Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 22:44:19 +0200
From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>,
        Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Message-ID: <20040909204419.GA30390@nic.fr>
References: <33F089AA-019C-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> <x41xhc1xud.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com> <C41E8F99-01CC-11D9-9A6B-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> <9BC4046C-01DD-11D9-BB96-000393A56BB6@glyphic.com> <20040909131621.GA28026@nic.fr> <1094738193.4083.1603.camel@hades.cambridge.redhat.com>
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On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 02:56:33PM +0100,
 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> wrote 
 a message of 16 lines which said:

> > That's strange. If you publish a SPF record for example.com, surely
> > mail.example.com (the name you announce in HELO) has a SPF record,
> > too? 
> 
> strcmp("example.com", "mail.example.com");
> 
> As Mark said, they don't _share_ a record. They each have their own.

Well apparently, my english was not good enough to make me clear.

1) When you publish a SPF (I said SPF, not SenderID) record for
example.com, if your mail server is mail.example.com, you *also*
publish a SPF record for mail.example.com. Always. Otherwise, there is
a trivial way of spoofing you.

2) Since you already have a SPF record for both names, adding the HELO
check in SenderID changes nothing. You already had the two records.




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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
Cc: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>, IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 22:44 +0200, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> 2) Since you already have a SPF record for both names, adding the HELO
> check in SenderID changes nothing. You already had the two records.

I suspect we're in agreement. The point is they should be separate. SPF
'classic' didn't get this right. Recipients should not infer anything
about HELO from the RFC2821 record, and vice versa.

The latter being the more important to me -- I'm happy enough to publish
records stating who may HELO with my hostnames but until/unless the
whole world (including those who haven't even discovered ESMTP yet)
upgrades to the Brave New World neither the RFC2821 nor RFC2822 records
are workable.

-- 
dwmw2




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 18:02:32 2004
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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
Cc: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>,
        Markus Stumpf <maex-lists-email-ietf-mxcomp@Space.Net>,
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On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 13:16, Sauer, Damon wrote:
> > > You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT spammers to use 
> > > SPF. This will allow us to identify, publish, process, shred,
> > > pillage, burn, destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming
> > > from. Nobody is doing less stringent processing of the email that
> > > passes an SPF check. It just makes it easier to block when
> > > identified.
> > 
> > How do you know the spammer has not bothered to include addresses of
> > legitimate MTAs?  The obvious adaptive strategy would be to 
> > disrupt this presumptive use of spammer's information as-if 
> > it were trustworthy.  
>
> I am not looking at the SPF record at this point. I am looking at the
> IP address they connected from.

If the mailbox domain has been safely blacklisted, then no confirmation
with respect to the IP address from the SPF records is needed.  Should
abusive mail be discovered, it would be unsafe to conclude the SPF
mailbox-domain/IP address confirmation is tenable for establishing a
name blacklist.  Only the IP address has received sufficient
authentication for such a listing, but then this has not improved upon
current IP address blacklisting.  

>  Am I misunderstanding your question? This just seems too obvious to me.

If you are only looking at the address, then there is no advantage
obtained using SPF records. 
 
> > > The checks that I DON'T have to do are against the received from: 
> > > headers. I already know. If you want to call this 'reducing 
> > > filtering' so be it. But it is a reduction because the check that
> > > you used to have to run is no longer necessary.

This would seem to imply you are checking the mailbox domains? 

> > The value of SPF is clear when white-listing as a means for 
> > reducing false negative assessments.
> > 
> > SPF will never serve as a tool for blacklisting for what 
> > should be obvious reasons.  There is a risk presuming the 
> > domain identified using SPF has not been spoofed somewhere in 
> > the mail channel.  SPF does not allow the IP address to be 
> > trusted to allow address blacklisting beyond the current 
> > connection, nor does SPF really allow the MAIL FROM mailbox 
> > domain be trusted to a degree that would allow name 
> > blacklisting, as it fails to accurately identify the entity 
> > introducing the message.  The mail channel is often shared 
> > and there is no means to verify the channel is being checked 
> > at either end of the administrative realms. 
> 
> Please provide an example of how this would happen. I am completely
> missing your chain of thought.

There are many cases where an MTA is shared.  This may be due to
transparent interception, virtual hosting, ports blocked by providers,
where many of these configurations ARE effective at curtailing abuse. 
If one of these MTAs is not checking against the SPF record, or the SPF
record is open, then there is no assurance a mailbox-domain appears on
account of the entity that published the SPF record.  There is no
indication a check has been made, nor that the MTA is being shared.  A
breach in the mail channel integrity can happen within either the
receiving or sending realm.  An SPF blacklisting fails to locate the
accountable entity.

Beyond white-listing, SPF may even be viewed as dangerous, when there
are expectations more can be obtained using this mechanism than is safe.

-Doug



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 18:23:10 2004
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I don't know if there was any confusion, but it appears I understood 
you perfectly and answered with negative exactly based on that correct
understanding that group is going to standartize scopes without any
hope that they will be able to be used worldwide - this is not a a way
to create a "standard".

Your calls for letting market decide if any "scope" is sucessfull also
suggests that we'll not have a standard for a while (until the market
made the decision...) As such the working group documents for each scope 
should be listed as EXPERIMENTAL while only the protocol should be listed 
as STANDARD when they are submitted to RFC editor for publication. 

That means that IANA registry should be maintained not only for STANDARD 
track RFCs related to scope but for EXPERIMENTAL ones as well - and it is 
probably best that IANA registry is setup to make such distinction, i.e.

SPF Scope    Status and description
-------------------------------------------------
MAILFROM     Authorization to use RFC2821 Mail From by SMTP clients
	     as desribed by EXPERIMENTAL RFCxxxx

On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> There seems to be some confusion on the proposal on table and on
> the next steps which it implies.  To clarify that, it seems important
> to step back a bit.  The co-chairs have judged that there is no 
> consensus
> to move forward with the documents as they entered last call.  Since
> the issues with documents do not relate to the syntax of the record,
> the DNS-based mechanism, or the fundamental architecture (e.g.
> application of these tests by an MTA), the co-chairs have focused the
> next steps on how to retain the work which has garnered consensus
> and move forward.  To do that, the co-chairs suggest that the existing
> documents be modified so that the group creates a standard that:
> describes the DNS-based mechanism, the MTA's application
> of tests, and a modified syntax which is explicitly scoped.
> 
> In order to ensure that there are scopes for which there is no known
> IPR encumbrance, the co-chairs propose a new document describing
> a mail_from scope.  The PRA scope would also be one of the scopes 
> initially
> described, as there is clearly sufficient interest in checking pra to
> allow it to move forward as one among several scopes (interest being
> judged both on public statements and deployed code).  An IANA registry
> for additional scopes created by Standards Track RFCs would be created.
> 
> Under such a system, it would be up to the zone maintainer to determine
> which scopes to provide data on.  It would be up to the MTA running
> the check to determine which checks to run.  No single scope would
> be mandatory to provide or check; it would simply be mandatory that
> someone populating a record use a valid, registered scope.  The
> existence of scopes which an MTA does not choose to check take up
> packet space in the DNS response, but have no other effect.  While
> the existence of at least one mandatory to implement scope would
> be beneficial, the co-chairs do not see consensus emerging around
> any single scope during the lifetime of this group.  In order not
> to abandon this work completely, the appropriate thing to do is
> to allow the fundamental mechanism move forward with the options
> that have emerged.  Over time, deployment will tell us whether either
> of these scopes is successful.
> 
> For a real consensus call on this proposal, new documents must
> be produced which describe it in full.  Those would be based on
> the existing documents and the co-chairs anticipate that they would
> be closely related to the existing proposals, at least in regards to
> the elements of the system for which we already have consensus.
> The document authors have agreed to take on the work required to
> undertake the additional work to make this new attempt to reach
> overall consensus.
> 
> This is not a call for alternate suggestions, nor is it a consensus call
> on the documents which have not yet been produced.  It is the
> chairs' work plan for meeting this chartered goal of this working
> group:
> 
> Aug 04 Submit working group document on MTA Authorization Record in DNS 
> to PS
> 
> Once the documents have been produced, working group discussion of the
> protocol engineering and deployment will proceed using the same subject
> line headers as before, and we will move through that discussion to a 
> second
> last call.
> 
> -andy, co-chair of MARID



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Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
From: Max Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@kerio.com>
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 11:21, Andrew Newton wrote:
> Under such a system, it would be up to the zone maintainer to determine
> which scopes to provide data on.  It would be up to the MTA running
> the check to determine which checks to run.

	Does the IPR really cover the syntax of the published record? I thought
the only significant IPR was the PRA algorithm itself, on the MTA side.
Why not just leave the IPR question only in the hands of the MTA folks,
and just let people publish their records unscoped?

	Would there be specific examples in which this would cause a terrible
problem?

	I think that would make deployment much easier.

	-Max
-- 
Maxwell Kanat-Alexander
2nd Level Tech Support Engineer, USA
Kerio Technologies, Inc.
2041 Mission College Blvd. Suite 100
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: (408) 496-4500
Fax: (408) 496-6902
Web: http://www.kerio.com/support.html




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Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2004 15:37:52 -0700
To: Max Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@kerio.com>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com>
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
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At 2:57 PM -0700 9/9/04, Max Kanat-Alexander wrote:
>On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 11:21, Andrew Newton wrote:
>>  Under such a system, it would be up to the zone maintainer to determine
>>  which scopes to provide data on.  It would be up to the MTA running
>>  the check to determine which checks to run.
>
>	Does the IPR really cover the syntax of the published record? I thought
>the only significant IPR was the PRA algorithm itself, on the MTA side.
>Why not just leave the IPR question only in the hands of the MTA folks,
>and just let people publish their records unscoped?

An unscoped record would be meaningless, as the MTA checking the
record would not know which identity was at issue.  This has been
covered before; please read the archives.
			regards,
				Ted Hardie



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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Sauer, Damon wrote:

> Dean,
> 
>  You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT spammers to use
> SPF.
> This will allow us to identify, publish, process, shred, pillage, burn,
> destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming from. Nobody is doing
> less stringent processing of the email that passes an SPF check. It just
> makes it easier to block when identified.

SPF doesn't make it easier to identify spammers.  

>  The checks that I DON'T have to do are against the received from:
> headers. I already know. If you want to call this 'reducing filtering'
> so be it. But it is a reduction because the check that you used to have
> to run is no longer necessary.
> 
> Regards,
> Damon Sauer
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Dean Anderson
> Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 10:59 AM
> To: Markus Stumpf
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org
> Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
> 
> 
> 
> Isn't that what I said would happen?
> 
> 		--Dean
> 
> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Markus Stumpf wrote:
> 
> > 
> > Justin Murdock posted this link on the qmail list:
> >     http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3631350.stm
> >     "CipherTrust [...] found that 34% more spam is passing SPF checks
> than
> >     legitimate e-mail."
> > 
> > 	\Maex
> > 
> > 
> 
> Date: Tue, 10 Aug 2004 19:55:57 -0400 (EDT)
> From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
> To: 'IETF MARID WG' <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
> Subject: Analysis of SPF benefits for reduced filtering
> 
> 
> It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced 
> filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
> 
> IF you use SPF to provide less stringent anti-spam processing, then you
> are MORE vulnerable than you were before. You have shot yourself in the
> foot.  Suppose for example that AOL subjects MSN users to less stringent
> anti-spam filtering because MSN uses SPF.  MSN is still vulnerable to
> viruses as it was before it used SPF, and it is just as vulnerable to
> disposable account creation as it was before.  Using SPF will
> __attract__ abusers to MSN, because they can get more spam through to
> AOL, because it is subject to less processing.  Since AOL is doing less
> processing on the same spam, AOL users get more spam. SPF is bad for
> both companies.
> 
> And of course, anyone who sets up a disposable domain can also get spam
> through to AOL by creating an SPF record for the domain. Disposable
> domains along with disposable or stolen accounts is a major problem now,
> and it remains a major problem under SPF.
> 
> Anything that reduces spam filtering without reducing the number of
> abusers will be harmful.
> 
> Basically, SPF gives abusers the opportunity to whitelist themselves, or
> the opportunity to identify ISPs that may be whitelisted. Any kind of
> whitelist that is under the control of the sender, rather than the
> recipient is also going to be ineffective and harmful.
> 
> 
> Dean Anderson
> Av8 Internet, Inc
> 
> 
> 
> *****
> The information transmitted is intended only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113
> 
> 
> 



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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Douglas Otis wrote:

> On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 08:07, Sauer, Damon wrote:
> > Dean,
> > 
> > You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT spammers to use
> > SPF. This will allow us to identify, publish, process, shred, pillage, burn,
> > destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming from. Nobody is doing
> > less stringent processing of the email that passes an SPF check. It just
> > makes it easier to block when identified.
> 
> How do you know the spammer has not bothered to include addresses of 
> legitimate MTAs?  The obvious adaptive strategy would be to disrupt this
> presumptive use of spammer's information as-if it were trustworthy.  

Yep. Suppose you have a piece of spam. You look at the from address. Can
you check the SPF record for that domain? No. Its probably changed between
the time the message was sent and the time you looked at it. You can check
the original IP address that your MTA logged in the received header.  But
YOU COULD DO THAT BEFORE.  I don't think I'm the only one thinking "duh!"
just about now.

You might as well go back to domain name blocking. But YOU COULD DO THAT
BEFORE, too. (another big "duh!". We don't do that because spammers send
from big ISPs that we can't block, or use viruses to steal resources from
innocent domains. Or use disposable accounts.

		--Dean

> The value of SPF is clear when white-listing as a means for reducing
> false negative assessments.

There is already a two line rule for sendmail and other MTAs to do IP 
based whitelisting, and great software, called rbldns.  I don't see a 
benefit in replacing something that works with something that offers 
benefits to spammers and abusers.

> SPF will never serve as a tool for blacklisting for what should be
> obvious reasons.  There is a risk presuming the domain identified using
> SPF has not been spoofed somewhere in the mail channel.  SPF does not
> allow the IP address to be trusted to allow address blacklisting beyond
> the current connection, nor does SPF really allow the MAIL FROM mailbox
> domain be trusted to a degree that would allow name blacklisting, as it
> fails to accurately identify the entity introducing the message.  The
> mail channel is often shared and there is no means to verify the channel
> is being checked at either end of the administrative realms.

What he said.

> 
> -Doug
> 
> 
> 



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>>> IETF had real problem is that it did not wish to deal with how their
>>> protocols would be deployed. This is the main reason of failures of 
>>> number
>>> of protocols that have been created and why others are less used then
>>> they could be. Certain conclusion must (and have) been drawn out of 
>>> this
>>> and it would be unfortunete if we choose to go the same road again.
>>
>>
>> IMHO, the largest deployment hurdle will be to get 63 million of 
>> domain owners (growing at 1.5 million per month) to publish and 
>> maintain a DNS record.  (See my post at spf-discuss for source).
>>
>> Presenting these non-technical people with the complexity of choosing 
>> which scope their approved mail servers will be used and other complex 
>> options we might provide them, seems to run counter to the 80/20 rule 
>> for deployment.
>
>A very small minority of those domains will do the actual publishing 
>themselves. They will rely on their vendors to publish for them and to 
>exchange the necessary information.

Yes and no.

Agreed for the majority of domains that do publish, and this is precisely what worries me.  Then you have 3rd parties (not the ones sending the e-mail) making decisions and assumptions for the actual users, and thus:

1. More likelihood of a war on scope where some camps refuse to declare "mailfrom" or "spf", because they have a vested interest to declare only "pra" or vice versa.

2. More likelihood that the actual users voilate the rules in the DNS record, because the user has no concept they exist or what they mean.

3. Thus because of the two scenarios above and because recipients could care less about the sender's woes, you will have adhoc algorithms sprouting about to deal with the fragmented reality that results.

And no, disagree, that the majority of domains will publish records, especially if there is no concensus, much complexity and confusion about scoping, useage, confusing press statements (lack of concensus and simplicity), etc..  


>The average domain owner does not know what DNS is and if they do, they 
>have no idea who manages DNS for them. The record update problem is 
>serious and needs to be addressed within the industry, but the end user 
>education needs to take the form of telling people that (a) this exists 
>and (b) who to call.


What exists?  How do we explain it to them if the underlying standard is confused and fragmented?  We are already seeing confusing press statements about SPF that say spammers are using it.

We are much better off to get a simple concensus, than a complex fragmented mess.  In the latter scenario, Microsoft will "save the day" by being the unified, de facto choice.  Just observe history.


[...]
>The assumption that small domains all have simple configurations is 
>just not valid. It's probably true for small personal domains, and 
>small technical domains, but those are not the majority.


What is your point of saying this?  You mean we can not provide a simple way to specify the approved mail servers?  You mean that we can never make it simple enough to explain to users?


>Failure to scope will make it harder, not easier, for small domains, if 
>for no other reason than figuring out what a rational receiver is 
>likely to do with the record will be that much harder for whoever is 
>doing the domain administration.


Can you tell me today the differences between the way AccuSpam, SpamAssassin, CloudMark, and a zillion other anti-spam are going to interpret the SPF or SenderID DNS record??

I assert that specifying scope is nothing more than a hopeful hint.  In reality, the only the scope is specified by what data you are actually exposing.


>  This is currently a very low cost 
>service - do we want to make it expensive?

How does not specifying scope make it more expensive?

I think specifying scope and having multiple records is going to make it much more expensive for both maintainers, receivers (verifiers), and also in terms of fragmentation and proprietary wars.



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and
  versioning/scope 
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>> IMO, the scope should be implicit from the specification.
>
>  "Implicit" instructions in specifications have historically meant
>inter-operability problems, and security flaws.
>
>  The specifications exist to make scope/intent explicit.  Adding a
>few more sentences to clarify the scope would be a good idea for any
>specification.


Of course and I my suggestion is completely consistent.  Read on below to the end...

The point I am making is not against specifying the scope of the data being exposed, but against specifying multiple scopes in multiple records, because this will lead to confusion, fragmentation, etc..  Some examples of possible confusion:

1. "Why are there two different ways to specify the approved mail servers for my domain?"

2. "Which is better?"

3. "Which is required?"

etc..

You create a proliferation of issues, proliferation of debate, proliferation of DNS records, proliferation of competitive issues, ... in short, you do not create a useful standard.

If there is a compelling technical reason to need multiple scopes on the DNS record, then you can consider the tradeoffs.  There is no compelling technical reason.




>> >And if so, do you actually think it is better for the receiver to have 
>> >to guess the intended scope of the sender?
>> 
>> Yes because inherent in the design of the specification should be
>> acknowledged the *REALITY* that the sender can not control the
>> receiver (verifier).
>
>  Control is different from intent.  MX records in DNS are intended to
>be used as destination IP's for SMTP traffic to a domain, and that
>intent is explicit in the specifications.  Yet nothing stops anyone
>from doing:
>
>$ ping `host -t mx example.com`


Your analogy is comparing apples to oranges.  In the case of MX records, the scope specified is a 100% solution to the need that it is for.

In the case of per-domain anti-forgery authentication, all the current algorithms for processing the approved mail servers DNS record do not give a 100% result.  Thus it is impossible to declare the *FINAL* scope.  No one knows today what the *FINAL* scope will be.

Instead the best we can do is declare what the data that is being exposed means and what it is intended to be used for.

In short, with MX there is no compelling need to use the data in any other way than the exact scope specified.  Whereas in our case, the data is going to be used in creative ways to accomplish the goals of the receiver.

And I assert that by fragmenting the scope into multiple DNS records, you will actually have the reverse of the intended effect.  Instead of limiting scope, you will cause all sorts of adhoc algorithms to try to give the anti-forgery results desired by recipient based on multiple records.

It seems your logic above assumes that recipient will only deal with one DNS record orthogonally.  So what does recipient do with multiple scopes?  What does recipient do when the result from scope(s) is neutral or error or inconclusive?


>  For MARID issues, the intent of the publisher of the records should
>be made explicit in the specifications, if not the protocol.  For the
>vast majority of recipients who use the records as expected, having
>that intent explicit makes their jobs easier.  For the recipients who
>don't follow the publishers intent, it makes no difference to have
>that intent explicit, because they won't follow it.


Make explicit how I can deal with the case with PRA where the Resent-Sender: is not forged but the From: header is forged?  Ditto for MAILFROM: and From: in SPF?

Make explicit how I can use the the results from either scope algorithm to help fight spam?

Make explicit how I can combine multiple results from multiple scopes?


>> I think it would be folly and brittle for us to attempt to specify
>> *ALL* the ways that the data in the DNS record can be used and
>> interpreted, ...
>
>  Similarly, it would be follow to specify *no* standard way for the
>data to be used and interpreted.


We should specify what we can specify.  But adding uncompelling scopes when it is the same underlying data is not useful.

>
>  There is a happy medium.  We should find it, and use it.


Agreed.  I think that happy consensus medium would be to specify the approved mail servers for a domain, and then specify some of the possible algorithms that might be applied by receivers.



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\
>>>  Under such a system, it would be up to the zone maintainer to determine
>>>  which scopes to provide data on.  It would be up to the MTA running
>>>  the check to determine which checks to run.
>>
>>	Does the IPR really cover the syntax of the published record? I thought
>>the only significant IPR was the PRA algorithm itself, on the MTA side.
>>Why not just leave the IPR question only in the hands of the MTA folks,
>>and just let people publish their records unscoped?


I support scoping what the published data means "these are the approved mail servers for this domain" but not scoping which experimental and incomplete algorithm the data is intended for.


>An unscoped record would be meaningless, as the MTA checking the
>record would not know which identity was at issue.  This has been
>covered before; please read the archives.

Apologies if I am not aware of the specific posts you are referring to.

Nevertheless, I fail to see how publishing "the approved mail servers for sending e-mail from a domain" is an amibiguous "identity" without algorithm scope?

Seems to me that your implication that someone would need to publish different mail servers depending on whether the Return-Path or PRA header is being evaluated is not mainstream.  And I have asserted that once you publish the data in the DNS, you have no control over how receivers are going to evaluate that data any way.  Since none of the scoped algorithms give a 100% final result, it is obvious that receivers are going to experiment with many algorithm scopes.

Please enlighten me on the past discussion about "identity" as an algorithm instead of as "approved mail servers"?

Also do you think the average users can ever be educated on the nuances of their use of e-mail relative to some complex permutations of algorithm scopes and multiple DNS records?






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In <01F77AC2-028D-11D9-BE4C-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> In order to ensure that there are scopes for which there is no known
> IPR encumbrance, the co-chairs propose a new document describing
> a mail_from scope.  The PRA scope would also be one of the scopes
> initially
> described, as there is clearly sufficient interest in checking pra to
> allow it to move forward as one among several scopes (interest being
> judged both on public statements and deployed code).  An IANA registry
> for additional scopes created by Standards Track RFCs would be created.

Andy, I just don't understand this.  While there is clearly sufficient
interest in using the PRA by some people, there are also many who
object to such a patent encumbered RFC advancing.  I can't see how you
think you will get consensus for the PRA advancing later.  If you
intend to ignore the objections, why don't you just advance it now?

Since before this working group was founded, there was clearly
sufficient interest in using the MAIL FROM in the form of
SPF-classic.  If "sufficient interest" is an adequate reason for
pushing an RFC, why was SPF-classic put on the back burner?


> This is not a call for alternate suggestions, nor is it a consensus call
> on the documents which have not yet been produced.  It is the
> chairs' work plan for meeting this chartered goal of this working
> group:

Ok, let me understand this.  We can't put forth alternatives to the
PRA, but you can pull a incompatible version of SPF-classic out of
your hat?



The case of patent encumbered crypto has been mentioned several
times.  As has been repeatedly pointed out, RFCs that allow patent
encumbered crypto almost(?) always include options for unencumbered
crypto that can be used in the same problem space.


I vehemently object to advancing marid-pra unless there is at least
one unencumbered proposal that covers the 2822.From: identity.
(marid-pra becoming unencumbered is obviously one way of erasing my
objection.)



-wayne



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep  9 22:37:42 2004
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The International Domain Name (IDN) working group is cited as an
example in RFC3669.  Yesterday, I was poking around a little bit and I
read some of the discussion on the IDN mailing list about the patent
issue.  Boy, things sure are different between the IDN WG and the
MARID WG.

Check out the following messages:
http://www.mail-archive.com/idn-data@psg.com/msg00659.html
http://www.mail-archive.com/idn-data@psg.com/msg00764.html
http://www.mail-archive.com/idn-data@psg.com/msg00758.html

Some choice quotes:

"The IETF has always strongly favored completely unencumbered 
technology over any technology for which there are even mild 
licensing restrictions."  -- Paul Hoffman

"The WALID patent does not exist in a vacuum. The IDN Working Group 
has options that would not infringe on the WALID patent. The fact 
that all of these options are worse than the one currently favored 
does not affect the IETF's views on the patent. As long as there is 
any option that is unencumbered, a protocol that would infringe on 
the WALID patent will probably not be considered unless WALID signs 
an IPR statement giving full, free, and unencumbered access to the 
technology. This would involve a significant change to the WALID IPR 
statement on file with the IETF Secretariat." -- Paul Hooffman

"Any solution which is possible to implement might be better than one which
is not possible to implement for various reasons, and licensing being one
of them." -- Patrik Fältström


The co-chairs publicly pushed for closure on the "Walid patent mess":

"As you know, time is the essence.  We do feel an urgent need to have
another statement from Walid that it either:
- keeps with the current IP statement, which is unsatisfactory for the
working group
- have a new IP statement that the working group will find acceptable to
promote the documents to the RFC level."
  -- Marc Blanchet, co-chair of IETF idn wg.
  -- James Seng, co-chair of IETF idn wg.


Now, I didn't read the whole IDN archive.  I mostly read stuff that
popped up in my google searches.  Still, this some of these quotes a
*VERY* different than anything expressed by the people running this
working group.


-wayne





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From: Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
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Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> In order to ensure that there are scopes for which there is no known
> IPR encumbrance, the co-chairs propose a new document describing a
> mail_from scope.  The PRA scope would also be one of the scopes
> initially described, as there is clearly sufficient interest in
> checking pra to allow it to move forward as one among several scopes
> (interest being judged both on public statements and deployed code).

I believe there has been a lot more interest in not using the patented
approach and replacing it with an unencumbered technique.  In addition,
I believe most of the statements of support have been for Sender ID
itself, not specifically for leaving PRA in as an option.  A good number
of the statements of support for Sender ID also suggested removing PRA,
finding a way to adopt Sender ID without PRA, etc.

> This is not a call for alternate suggestions, nor is it a consensus call
> on the documents which have not yet been produced.  It is the
> chairs' work plan for meeting this chartered goal of this working
> group:

If the chairs feel it is necessary to actively advocate patented
material when we have barely explored unencumbered alternatives, barely
consider interoperability, and fix the specification in stone before it
is ready -- all in order to meet our time goals, perhaps we should
request changes to the charter.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 09:21:17 +0100
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> Under such a system, it would be up to the zone maintainer to determine
> which scopes to provide data on.
> It would be up to the MTA running
> the check to determine which checks to run.

Sadly this doesn't promote interoperability in any practical way, it is
only half a proposal.
If everyone can participate in a basic mandatory scope then
life-in-the-wild can evolve new scopes.

> No single scope would
> be mandatory to provide or check;

I think that one unencumbered scope should be mandatory.

d.



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Subject: All members of "we" please raise your hands.
Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 18:48:03 +0100
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PF> It's pretty sad that people like the author of this article we
PF> got a link to still see 1:1 mapping between "remove spam" and
PF> "minimize the number of fake sender addresses". I thought "we"
PF> as a collective had educated enough people to not get articles
PF> like this.

Does this "we" include those who are, right now, educating people with 
the following?

"SPF reduces inbound spam."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./execsumm.html>

"If the message fails SPF tests, it's a forgery.
That's how you can tell it's probably a spammer."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>
(That first sentence is a lie, of course.)

"Eventually, as SMTP improves its immunity to spam,
we hope spammers will get discouraged."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>

"'Why should SPF succeed when similar proposals have failed
in the past?'  The spam problem was never as bad in the past
as it is now."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>

"Saving the world from spam is an expensive duty."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./donations.html>




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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: not at the University of Cambridge
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
Cc: "'Tony Finch'" <dot@dotat.at>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org,
        Tony Finch <fanf2@cam.ac.uk>
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On Thu, 2004-09-09 at 09:38 -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> What this says to me is that even though the central IT dept
> at Cambridge is not going to support Sender ID, the same is not necessarily
> true of the colleges. The more progressive colleges
> such as Porterhouse can choose to issue SenderID records for
> their domains even if central IT services do not.

:)

> The ancient universities have barely come to terms with the 
> consequences of the industrial revolution. If we consider 
> the suitability of specifications on the basis of their 
> ability to deploy we are not going to get very far. 

I don't think an ad hominem attack is really an appropriate response to
a concise and technical report such as the one to which you were
respondingÂ¹.

Especially in this particular case -- are we to assume that you've never
heard the term 'Silicon Fen', and you have little knowledge of the
history of computer science? Perhaps you've never even heard of Alan
Turing? 

Maybe a quote from Microsoft's web site might help...

"The city of Cambridge, England, was the clear choice for the location
of the facilities because of its world-renowned reputation and its rich
history as a center of learning. Cambridge has been the origin of
fundamental advances in nuclear physics, molecular biology and computer
science. Furthermore, Cambridge has become a center for technological
excellence in recent years. More than 300 companies and commercial
laboratories specializing in computing and advanced technology are
concentrated in the Cambridge area."

The reasons which were presented for non-deployment of Sender-ID within
Cambridge were quite clearly applicable to many other sites -- my own
inconsequential domains included. This is not an example of Luddism from
a entity which has 'barely come to terms with the consequences of the
industrial revolution' and I find it astonishing that you are willing to
say such a thing in an email which bears your employer's name.

-- 
dwmw2

Â¹ Although your mail client doesn't make it very clear which mail you
were replying to, as it ignores the recommendations of RFC2822. Please
use a non-broken mail client if you wish to participate in public fora.




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On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
>
> I don't think an ad hominem attack is really an appropriate response to
> a concise and technical report such as the one to which you were
> responding.

I shouldn't worry about Phillip's silliness. After all he is an Oxonian
and so should be familiar with institutions that are more concerned with
the number of angels that can dance on the head of a pin than, say,
nuclear physics.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SOUTH UTSIRE: SOUTHWEST BACKING SOUTHEAST 3 OR 4, INCREASING 5. FAIR. GOOD.



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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 08:32:46AM +0800,
 AccuSpam <support@accuspam.com> wrote 
 a message of 19 lines which said:

> We will end up with a fragmented internet e-mail system separated
> into proprietary (pra) and free software (mailfrom). 

Some people like Paul Vixie believe that it is unavoidable because
there is no consensus on the "best" identity (scope) to check. Reading
MARID archives again and again, I believe they are right. Even without
the patent issue, there is no consensus on PRA (or on MAIL FROM). So,
"Unified SPF" is the only solution. Not perfect but reasonable.

May be in the future, the "proper" scope will be obvious and all the
others will become deprecated. But we are far from it.



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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 08:45:49PM -0400,
 mazieres@gmail.com <mazieres@gmail.com> wrote 
 a message of 43 lines which said:

> First, it would need to be clear how multiple checks should interact
> when receiving sites perform multiple checks.

Please read http://spf.pobox.com/unified/2-best.txt for a start.

> In particular, it must be the case that a site checking both
> mailfrom and pra should always reject mail when mailfrom fails (even
> if pra passes).  This might be as simple as saying if any test
> fails, the message is considered to have failed.

I'm not sure this should be mandated. We should standardize protocols,
not policies. It is important that pass(SPF_record,identity) always
return the same value, whoever the tester is, but not so important to
decide what to do when it fails or succeeds.

> This would require a new macro for the mailfrom domain (%{m}?), and
> would also benefit greatly from some kind of string comparison
> mechanism--maybe eq:string1:string2.  You'd want to be able to say
> something like:

Nice but it would mean a non-trivial change to SPF implementations
(which, at the present time, are almost ready to implement -protocol).
 



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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Markus Stumpf wrote:
>
> So IMHO Mta Authorization Records In Dns (MARID) should have dealt foremost
> with the fact to provide the information in DNS if an IP is a mailserver
> at all.

That is what CSV does.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LOUGH FOYLE TO CARLINGFORD LOUGH: EAST OR SOUTHEAST BECOMING SOUTH OR
SOUTHEAST 4 OR 5, OCCASIONALLY 3 AROUND THE SHORE. SHOWERS LATER. MODERATE OR
GOOD. SLIGHT TO MODERATE.



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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
>
> Looks to me as if you can still deploy an SPF record that says
> that A, B & C are authentic university of Cambridge mail servers.
> What you are saying you cannot do is to add a final -all to
> exclude the universe of all other mail servers.

That's pretty worthless. What we need is a method of identifying
forgeries, not a method of identifying legitimate email.

> That is why most people who are going to use a whitelist are
> going to outsource the process.
>
> VeriSign has started making the Verified Domains List available
> to qualified anti-spam companies and we plan to make it available
> to everyone via a DNS publication mechanism in the near future.
> Both services are free.

I can't find any information about the VDL on the web. It sounds like a
list of domains whereas what we need is a list of MTA IP addresses.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
ROCKALL: EAST 4 OR 5 BECOMING CYCLONIC, THEN NORTHWEST 5 TO 7, PERHAPS GALE 8
LATER. RAIN LATER. MODERATE OR GOOD.



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References: <16700.61568.149508.266801@giles.gnomon.org.uk> <413D087F.7090505@solidmatrix.com> <16701.2722.149695.20569@giles.gnomon.org.uk> <413D0FB7.9080903@solidmatrix.com> <16702.13483.861326.183032@giles.gnomon.org.uk> <413E3531.7010906@solidmatrix.com> <1322218026.20040908084909@brandenburg.com> <413E5598.8030009@solidmatrix.com> <B468F120-017F-11D9-AFEC-000A95BC6A7E@margaretolson.com> <x4656o1ykv.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
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On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 12:04:48PM -0500,
 wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote 
 a message of 42 lines which said:

> Would those of you who suggest ignoring the patent please also
> volunteer to pay for any and all costs associated with a (potential)
> lawsuit from MS for not using their license?

This is asking too much! I suggest instead, for those who claim that
the risk for the patent is quite low, to ask the IESG or the ISOC to
issue a clear statement that the patent is ignorable, thus providing
no money for legal fees but a strong support for future infringers.

I know, it contradicts RFC 2026 "10.3.2. Standards Track Documents",
"[The IESG] will take no position on the validity or scope of any such
rights." but it is better than asking for money. (And I believe, like
the Apache Software Foundation, that the IETF should change its patent
policy.)


 



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Some compelling reasons for a single DNS record which does not specify algorithm scope:

1. It allows all algorithms to play equally.

2. If we do not reach concensus, Microsoft might just go create their own non-interoperable (with other algorithms technically or legally) standard for DNS records.

3. The hardest thing to get done, undone (if we choose wrong or act too late), and maintain, are the publishing of the DNS records on wide scale.  We better not get the DNS record wrong, be too late to be relevant, proliferate fragmentation, or exclude parties which can promote it to success.

4. The anti-forgery algorithms we are considering now may ultimately have the least relevance in the end game of anti-spam.  For example, I expect the PASS case to be much more important to a viable anti-spam algorithm than the other result cases.  Thus in the anti-spam algorithms I envision, the more algorithms that can generate a PASS case, the better the final performance.

5. If we design a DNS record that can interopt with known algorithm proposals, then it will have a better chance of interopting with all algorithms, than if we design separate records that go off in proprietary directions.

6. Simplicity breeds success.  Other engineers know this as "KISS" (Keep It Simple Stupid).  Also known as 80/20 rule.

7. We can not force an algorithm in reality (because we haven't provided a 100% solution with proposed algorithms), thus #5 is needed.

8. Waiting until we have a "end all" algorithm means we may be too late.  There are important cases that can be solved today with the current proposed algorithms.

I could probably think of more.  Can anyone think of compelling reasons to convince ourselves we can force an algorithm on the DNS record (even though IMO we can not in reality)?

-Shelby Moore



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From: "Graham Finlayson" <graham.finlayson@tumbleweed.com>
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To save a lot of people the bother to have to create the same test cases for
testing their PRA implementations, I think it would be a good idea to create
a document which solely consists of Messages that exercise the different
test cases for the PRA algorithm. As someone, somewhere probably already has
these available, this may just be an exercise in collating these into a
central document.

Graham Finlayson
Tumbleweed Communications

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>To save a lot of people the bother to have to create =
the same test cases for testing their PRA implementations, I think it =
would be a good idea to create a document which solely consists of =
Messages that exercise the different test cases for the PRA algorithm. =
As someone, somewhere probably already has these available, this may =
just be an exercise in collating these into a central =
document.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Graham Finlayson</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Tumbleweed Communications</FONT>
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>> Looks to me as if you can still deploy an SPF record that says
>> that A, B & C are authentic university of Cambridge mail servers.
>> What you are saying you cannot do is to add a final -all to
>> exclude the universe of all other mail servers.
>
>That's pretty worthless. What we need is a method of identifying
>forgeries, not a method of identifying legitimate email.


Disagree.  I think the PASS case will end up being much more important for anti-spam end game, than the other result cases.  For anti-forgery, maybe you need the binary answer, and those corporations who have a serious problem with forgery (phishing) will be sure to declare "-all" if they need to solve their problem.



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To: Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com>
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Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 11:38:02AM -0700,
 Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com> wrote 
 a message of 68 lines which said:

> We want some method to parse RFC 2822 headers to be part of the
> standard.  However, PRA is off limits to us due to how the license is
> currently designed.  An unencumbered method to authenticate RFC 2822
> messages that is permitted and encouraged is needed.  

OK, I agree with the idea of having two more scopes:

1) "from", pure and simple plain old 2822 From

2) "fetchmail", meaning the algorithm explained in
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04356.html

Note that I take no position on the usefulness of these scopes. I
simply believe that, given the current state of the art about email
identities, it is better to have choice.



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>Note that I take no position on the usefulness of these scopes. I
>simply believe that, given the current state of the art about email
>identities, it is better to have choice.

So why declare algorithm scope?

I could support algorithm scopes, if all applicable scopes were in a single record.  2nd to the Nth records would be ignored.

Thus the intent would be for a single record to interopt with all current and future scopes (updated by version number), and the sender can hint the limitation of intended scopes.  This would be more in touch with reality IMO, and also appease the desire to give sender some input into algorithm scope, while also preventing fragmentation and proprietary directions (wars) on DNS records.

- Shelby Moore 



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>> What we need is a method of identifying forgeries, not a method of 
>> identifying legitimate email.
>
>I share that desire. However, as a practical matter it may be easier to 
>get legitimate senders to cooperate than would-be forgers.

Exacto!

For anti-spam, the future reality is that any successful anti-forgery will eliminate the forgery case as useful input.  Spammers will morph.  The PASS case is going to be much more useful in long run.  We have a proprietary algorithm in mind, which I can not detail in public.




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Tony Finch writes:
> What we need is a method of identifying forgeries, not a method of 
> identifying legitimate email.

I share that desire. However, as a practical matter it may be easier to 
get legitimate senders to cooperate than would-be forgers.

Arnt



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On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, Danny Angus wrote:
> Andrew Newton wrote:
> >
> > No single scope would be mandatory to provide or check;
>
> I think that one unencumbered scope should be mandatory.

I concur. Trying to slide PRA around the non-consensus wall by making it 
one of several optional scopes is not a good answer. There needs to be at 
least one unencumbered mandatory scope so that deployment does not 
degenerate into non-interoperable closed source 'PRA supporters' and F/OSS 
based 'SPF supporters' camps. Which is precisely what will happen if 
passed along in this form.

-- 
Benjamin Franz



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> From: Tony Finch [mailto:dot@dotat.at]

> That's pretty worthless. What we need is a method of identifying
> forgeries, not a method of identifying legitimate email.

That is what Sender-ID is, a means of identifying legitimate mail.
That is the objective.


> On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
> >
> > I don't think an ad hominem attack is really an appropriate 
> response to
> > a concise and technical report such as the one to which you were
> > responding.
> 
> I shouldn't worry about Phillip's silliness. After all he is 
> an Oxonian
> and so should be familiar with institutions that are more 
> concerned with
> the number of angels that can dance on the head of a pin than, say,
> nuclear physics.

Actually I was in the Nuclear Physics department.




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In <4.1.20040910205740.03a2e980(null)> AccuSpam <support@accuspam.com> writes:

> Some compelling reasons for a single DNS record which does not specify
> algorithm scope:
> [snip]


This is all well covered stuff that was decided months ago.
I don't think it is a productive use of this working group's time to
re-raise issues that have already been decided just because someone
new has joined the working group.

Reading the complete archive will help you understand why the
decisions were made.  You may not agree with those decisions, but so
be it.


-wayne





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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
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From: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
To: "Dean Anderson" <dean@av8.com>
Cc: "Markus Stumpf" <maex-lists-email-ietf-mxcomp@Space.Net>,
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<snip>
> > Dean,
> > 
> >  You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT 
> spammers to use 
> > SPF. This will allow us to identify, publish, process, 
> shred, pillage, 
> > burn, destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming 
> from. Nobody 
> > is doing less stringent processing of the email that passes an SPF 
> > check. It just makes it easier to block when identified.
> 
> SPF doesn't make it easier to identify spammers.  
> 
<snip>

 I didn't say it did. How I identify the IP as a spammer is up to my
other processes. What it DOES do is allow me to make a informed decision
on whether or not to block that IP. (I am not sure how many different
ways I can try to explain this fact but here is another one)
 Only people that don't understand what SPF actually does say that SPF
blocks spam. Now I do know that pobox has said something to this effect,
but it is my belief that they were writing that statement with the
end-user in mind. Basically, never mind HOW it blocks spam, just that it
will. It is up to the system admins and programmers to determine the
HOW.
If someone of intellect higher than your average bumblebee can't see
where being able to prevent domain forgery is a good thing and being
able to put an IP address to a real domain is a great thing.... Then
bumblebees may eventually rule the world.

Regards,
Damon

*****
The information transmitted is intended only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113




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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: not at the University of Cambridge
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From: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
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<snip>
> 
> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> >
> > Looks to me as if you can still deploy an SPF record that 
> says that A, 
> > B & C are authentic university of Cambridge mail servers. 
> What you are 
> > saying you cannot do is to add a final -all to exclude the 
> universe of 
> > all other mail servers.
> 
> That's pretty worthless. What we need is a method of 
> identifying forgeries, not a method of identifying legitimate email.
> 
<snip>

The glass is half full. 

1) When SPF is deployed and used the line between forgeries and
legitimate will be much sharper.
2) In the corporate world, I am actually going to be able to deploy SPF
based on the argument that my MAIL FROM: will not be able to be forged.
3) Which in turn makes all MY email legitimate. This means if anyone
sends with my domain from a source outside of my defined range, you can
identify as a forgery. (I am going to start talking in circles, so I am
going to stop here)


> -- 
> f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
> ROCKALL: EAST 4 OR 5 BECOMING CYCLONIC, THEN NORTHWEST 5 TO 
> 7, PERHAPS GALE 8 LATER. RAIN LATER. MODERATE OR GOOD.
> 
> 

Regards,
Damon Sauer

*****
The information transmitted is intended only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113




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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: not at the University of Cambridge
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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[ Please make sure your attributions are present and correct, and
  that you limit your lines to a sane number of characters. For a
  mailing list used to discuss technical matters relating to email,
  I'm amazed at the lack of consideration shown by the posters. Is it
  September again already? ]

On Fri, 2004-09-10 at 21:25 +0800, AccuSpam wrote:
> <...fanf2 wrote:...>
> >That's pretty worthless. What we need is a method of identifying
> >forgeries, not a method of identifying legitimate email.
> 
> Disagree.  I think the PASS case will end up being much more important
> for anti-spam end game, than the other result cases. 

I think both are correct. I think the PASS result will end up being much
more widely used in practice than the FAIL result, as Shelby claims. For
example, I would consider bypassing SMTP verification callouts for
sender addresses when there is an SPF/Sender-ID 'PASS' result, yet I
would never consider actually rejecting mail due to a 'FAIL' result.

However I agree with Tony that this renders the whole thing pretty
worthless.

We already have ways to rate the trustworthiness of IP addresses.

We're introducing all this breakage, requiring hosts to 'upgrade' to
join the Brave New World by performing SRS or some abuse of Resent-*
headers which is inconsistent with RFC2822, and what do we achieve at
the end of it? We get spammers publishing their own records quicker than
legitimate users do, proving that the only thing we've achieved at the
end of it all is to 'reduce' it to... almost precisely the same problem
-- only now we get to rate the trustworthiness of _domains_ rather than
IP addresses.

If we really want to check domains instead of IP addresses, and to limit
the 'permitted' mail servers for outgoing mail, surely we'd just do
better to mandate the use of TLS and check the sender's certificate
against our 'trust' database? 

Oh yeah... the world hasn't actually noticed ESMTP yet, and there are
still mail hosts out there which aren't TLS-capable.... and yet you
think they're going to notice whatever changes SPF/Sender-ID require of
them?

You're living in a dream world.

-- 
dwmw2



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Subject: DOC-BUG: Determining the Purported Responsible Address
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In marid-core, section 4 on "Determining the Purported Responsible Address",
specifies the error 

"550 5.1.7 Missing purported Responsible Address". 

Is this meant to be 

"550 5.7.1 Missing Purported Responsible Address"?

Note, the capitalization on Purported as well.

Graham Finlayson
Tumbleweed Communications

------_=_NextPart_001_01C49741.069C4255
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<P><FONT SIZE=2>In marid-core, section 4 on &quot;Determining the Purported Responsible Address&quot;, specifies the error </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&quot;550 5.1.7 Missing purported Responsible Address&quot;. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Is this meant to be </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&quot;550 5.7.1 Missing Purported Responsible Address&quot;?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Note, the capitalization on Purported as well.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Graham Finlayson</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Tumbleweed Communications</FONT>
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 10 10:45:28 2004
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References: <16700.61568.149508.266801@giles.gnomon.org.uk> <413D087F.7090505@solidmatrix.com> <16701.2722.149695.20569@giles.gnomon.org.uk> <413D0FB7.9080903@solidmatrix.com> <16702.13483.861326.183032@giles.gnomon.org.uk> <413E3531.7010906@solidmatrix.com> <1322218026.20040908084909@brandenburg.com> <413E5598.8030009@solidmatrix.com> <B468F120-017F-11D9-AFEC-000A95BC6A7E@margaretolson.com> <x4656o1ykv.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com> <20040910130726.GF23050@nic.fr>
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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> On Wed, Sep 08, 2004 at 12:04:48PM -0500,
>  wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote 
>  a message of 42 lines which said:
> 
> 
>>Would those of you who suggest ignoring the patent please also
>>volunteer to pay for any and all costs associated with a (potential)
>>lawsuit from MS for not using their license?
> 
> 
> This is asking too much! I suggest instead, for those who claim that
> the risk for the patent is quite low, to ask the IESG or the ISOC to
> issue a clear statement that the patent is ignorable, thus providing
> no money for legal fees but a strong support for future infringers.
> 
> I know, it contradicts RFC 2026 "10.3.2. Standards Track Documents",
> "[The IESG] will take no position on the validity or scope of any such
> rights." but it is better than asking for money. (And I believe, like
> the Apache Software Foundation, that the IETF should change its patent
> policy.)
> 

And RFC 3667, 3668 and 3669. Rules aren't going to change in such short 
time. As of now, the IETF cannot take a stand on the validity of any patent.

Yakov



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Andrew Newton
> Sent: Thursday, September 09, 2004 2:21 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: clarification on consensus call for compromise
>
> In order to ensure that there are scopes for which there is no known
> IPR encumbrance, the co-chairs propose a new document describing
> a mail_from scope.  The PRA scope would also be one of the scopes
> initially
> described, as there is clearly sufficient interest in checking pra to
> allow it to move forward as one among several scopes (interest being
> judged both on public statements and deployed code).  An IANA registry
> for additional scopes created by Standards Track RFCs would be created.
>
PRA isn't what I would think of when I think of the word scope.  The scope
within which PRA operates is the 2822 message header.  Within this scope
there is more than one way to determine which header field is appropriate to
use.  PRA is one way.  There are others.

If scope were defined by the type of data used to make a determination vice
the method, then I believe there is a limited, bounded set of potential
scopes that can be defined now.  Pick different names if you want, but I
think they are:

1. Envelope [2821] ~ mail_from
2. Header [2822] (I would include SUBMITTER here since it's an early look at
this scope)
3. HELO (separate from Envelope because it relates to the MTA and not the
message)

If defined in this manner, then PRA is one potential method to evaluate the
Header scope, but there are others.  This would let work on the documents
upon which there is some agreement move forward while preserving the
possibility of eventually reaching rough consensus on an approach for the
Header scope.  I put this forward in the hopes that this will meet the
objections of those that strongly object to any standard going forward that
includes PRA as currently licensed.

Done this way, I don't think there's a need for an IANA registry of scopes.
What there will be is an eventual set of RFCs that describe appropriate
methods for evaluating each scope.  There may even be more than one per
scope if they are demonstrated to be interoperable.

There is also a need to define the inter-relationship of the different
scopes, but once defined that would be static and dependable.  The variable
remaining for future drafts is how to evaluate the individual scopes in
isolation.

Scott Kitterman



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 10 10:54:40 2004
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References: 
    <OF7600F3B9.9BC21DC5-ON80256F0B.002BB4B4-80256F0B.002DE569@slc.co.uk>
    <Pine.LNX.4.61.0409100637310.12202@high-mountain.nihongo.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 16:28:28 +0200 (CEST)
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
From: "Michel Bouissou" <michel@bouissou.net>
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Benjamin Franz a écrit :
>
> On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, Danny Angus wrote:
>> Andrew Newton wrote:
>> >
>> > No single scope would be mandatory to provide or check;
>>
>> I think that one unencumbered scope should be mandatory.
>
> I concur. Trying to slide PRA around the non-consensus wall by making it
> one of several optional scopes is not a good answer. There needs to be at
> least one unencumbered mandatory scope so that deployment does not
> degenerate into non-interoperable closed source 'PRA supporters' and F/OSS
> based 'SPF supporters' camps. Which is precisely what will happen if
> passed along in this form.

I agree with this. For the time being, only non-encumbered
scopes/algorithms should be considered for validation by MARID, and the
modular structure that allows adding future scopes/algorithm is good for
we can later consider adding currently encumbered algorithms/scopes in the
event that they become non-encumbered.

But the "modular" approach must not serve as an excuse for approving
"among other possibilities" a scope/algorithm for which a massive number
of WG participants (read : a clear majority) have expressed that they
disapprove of because of the IPR encumbrance issue.

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 10 11:11:45 2004
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To: <ietf-mxcomp@vpnc.org>
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David Woodhouse wrote:

> I would consider bypassing SMTP verification
> callouts for sender addresses when there is an SPF/Sender-ID 'PASS'
> result, yet I would never consider actually rejecting mail due to a
> 'FAIL' result.

You would never? I do; on SPF "classic" FAIL, that is. And with no qualms 
about it either. "Be-FAIL ist be-FAIL", as a German would say. :)

I mean, seriously, I do so on the grounds that I am not even executing MY 
local policy, but that of the remote domain owner. Worried about losing 
legitimate mail? Why, that is a consideration made by the domain owner who 
published the "-all" SPF record. He apparently felt comfortable with that. 
And I just respect his wishes.

Furthermore, I attach the greater legal risk at accepting mail, in case 
where FAIL was prescribed. Not perhaps with your average vanity domain 
(Lord, I hate that term); but if a large financial institution says "FAIL 
this fake email, pretending to be from me, coming from a relay I have not 
authorized to send mail on my behalf," you can bet I will err on the side of 
caution, and REJECT according to their policy.

> We get spammers publishing their own records quicker
> than legitimate users do, proving that the only thing we've achieved
> at the end of it all is to 'reduce' it to... almost precisely the
> same problem -- only now we get to rate the trustworthiness of
> _domains_ rather than IP addresses.

Which is a hundred times more easy than managing individual, ever changing 
IP addresses/ranges. Blocklists based on domain names were pretty useless 
before SPF. But now they are hopefully coming back in fashion. And will make 
the New World perhaps not Braver, but easier, I hope. :)

Regards,

- Mark



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 10 11:32:34 2004
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Michel Bouissou wrote:

> Benjamin Franz a écrit :
> 
>>On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, Danny Angus wrote:
>>
>>>Andrew Newton wrote:
>>>
>>>>No single scope would be mandatory to provide or check;
>>>
>>>I think that one unencumbered scope should be mandatory.
>>
>>I concur. Trying to slide PRA around the non-consensus wall by making it
>>one of several optional scopes is not a good answer. There needs to be at
>>least one unencumbered mandatory scope so that deployment does not
>>degenerate into non-interoperable closed source 'PRA supporters' and F/OSS
>>based 'SPF supporters' camps. Which is precisely what will happen if
>>passed along in this form.
> 
> 
> I agree with this. For the time being, only non-encumbered
> scopes/algorithms should be considered for validation by MARID, and the
> modular structure that allows adding future scopes/algorithm is good for
> we can later consider adding currently encumbered algorithms/scopes in the
> event that they become non-encumbered.
> 
> But the "modular" approach must not serve as an excuse for approving
> "among other possibilities" a scope/algorithm for which a massive number
> of WG participants (read : a clear majority) have expressed that they
> disapprove of because of the IPR encumbrance issue.
> 

What about the scope idea itself? Do you agree with it?

Yakov



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Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Fri, 2004-09-10 at 21:18 +0800, AccuSpam wrote:
> I could probably think of more.  Can anyone think of compelling
> reasons to convince ourselves we can force an algorithm on the DNS
> record (even though IMO we can not in reality)?

I can think of reasons why we should ensure that there is a clear
distinction between those addresses which are considered to be an
acceptable RFC2821 reverse-path, and those addresses which are
considered to be acceptable in RFC2822 headers.

220-ZenIV.linux.org.uk ESMTP Exim 4.41 Fri, 10 Sep 2004 15:16:59 +0100
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-- 
dwmw2



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Andy,

Today is the conclusion for the last call. What's the bottom line if any?

Yakov



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>I concur. Trying to slide PRA around the non-consensus wall by making it 
>one of several optional scopes is not a good answer.


Doesn't making it a hinted scope of a single record solve the concensus problem, or am I correct to sense the SPF camp is unwilling to try for a concensus with the SenderID camp?


> There needs to be at 
>least one unencumbered mandatory scope so that deployment does not 
>degenerate into non-interoperable closed source 'PRA supporters' and F/OSS 
>based 'SPF supporters' camps. Which is precisely what will happen if 
>passed along in this form.


Is there is only one record format, with scope as a hint only, then how can the specification of the DNS record degenerate into multiple camps?



>I think both are correct. I think the PASS result will end up being much
>more widely used in practice than the FAIL result, as Shelby claims. For
>example, I would consider bypassing SMTP verification callouts for
>sender addresses when there is an SPF/Sender-ID 'PASS' result, yet I
>would never consider actually rejecting mail due to a 'FAIL' result.
>
>However I agree with Tony that this renders the whole thing pretty
>worthless.
>
>We already have ways to rate the trustworthiness of IP addresses.
>
>We're introducing all this breakage, requiring hosts to 'upgrade' to
>join the Brave New World by performing SRS or some abuse of Resent-*
>headers which is inconsistent with RFC2822, and what do we achieve at
>the end of it?


Agree that the forwarding breakage is a big factor, but remember for the PASS case you do not care about this breakage.

There are other ways in anti-spam to use the data that an email came from a domain as PASS.

Also the proposals could help stop phishing for corporations that publish "-all" (HARD FAIL) (but within the scope of forwarding breakage).


>I can think of reasons why we should ensure that there is a clear
>distinction between those addresses which are considered to be an
>acceptable RFC2821 reverse-path, and those addresses which are
>considered to be acceptable in RFC2822 headers.


If I understood your example correctly, I am suggesting 1 record per domain, and I have agreed that a hint on applicable scopes is acceptable as long as we do not end up with different record formats and multiple records, so if you need to specify different hinted scopes on different domains then I agree you should be able to.


>PRA isn't what I would think of when I think of the word scope.  The scope
>within which PRA operates is the 2822 message header.  Within this scope
>there is more than one way to determine which header field is appropriate to
>use.  PRA is one way.  There are others.
>
>If scope were defined by the type of data used to make a determination vice
>the method, then I believe there is a limited, bounded set of potential
>scopes that can be defined now.  Pick different names if you want, but I
>think they are:
>
>1. Envelope [2821] ~ mail_from
>2. Header [2822] (I would include SUBMITTER here since it's an early look at
>this scope)
>3. HELO (separate from Envelope because it relates to the MTA and not the
>message)


I am not against this if either:

1. A common DNS record is used for all scopes.

2. Or there is a compelling reason a common record can not be used that overrides the compelling desire to not get fragmentation and proliferation of DNS records for per-domain anti-forgery.


>But the "modular" approach must not serve as an excuse for approving
>"among other possibilities" a scope/algorithm for which a massive number
>of WG participants (read : a clear majority) have expressed that they
>disapprove of because of the IPR encumbrance issue.


What is wrong with approving SenderID/PRA as an optional algorithm scope in "modular" (common or single or unified) DNS record format?

I am worried about:

1. People being induced to only publish SenderID or SPF records but not both.

2. Endorsing SenderID first or as the only algorithm scope.

I am not so paranoid to think we have to ry to kill SenderID.  We can not kill it.  We would be much better off to embrace it carefully (force it into a common DNS record so other algorithms do not get locked out).


>> Some compelling reasons for a single DNS record which does not specify
>> algorithm scope:
>> [snip]
>
>
>This is all well covered stuff that was decided months ago.
>I don't think it is a productive use of this working group's time to
>re-raise issues that have already been decided just because someone
>new has joined the working group.


If you and everyone else is sure that all my points were covered from the same perspective as I am suggesting, then so be it.

Then again, such a generalization could be a way to mask some points which were not covered.

I think you have written here that you are not against PRA using SPF records, and I have written that I am not against a single DNS record that specifies all intended scopes, so I hope you are writing about the same history that I am.

I see basically two camps in this list.  One camp wants SPF as the mandatory standard.  The other wants SenderID to be approved.   Rather I am interested in getting a concensus.


>Reading the complete archive will help you understand why the
>decisions were made.  You may not agree with those decisions, but so
>be it.


I have an extremely large archive of discussions I have made over the past several years.  Reading that might help you understand my perspective.  You may not agree with my perspective, nor have a month of time to read all my historical perspective, but nevertheless I think we are both entitled to express our opinion, especially about an important decision that affects all e-mail.

That is to say do not assume your history is more important than my history (or perspective).


Okay I made my opinions clear and will be a bystander for next 2 days or so...

Thanks,
Shelby Moore



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To: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
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On Fri, 2004-09-10 at 09:04 -0500, Sauer, Damon wrote:
> 1) When SPF is deployed and used the line between forgeries and
> legitimate will be much sharper.
> 2) In the corporate world, I am actually going to be able to deploy SPF
> based on the argument that my MAIL FROM: will not be able to be forged.
> 3) Which in turn makes all MY email legitimate. This means if anyone
> sends with my domain from a source outside of my defined range, you can
> identify as a forgery.

The point is that you _cannot_ reliably identify it as a forgery unless
you're willing to redefine your meaning of 'forgery' for the purpose; in
particular you'd have to redefine your meaning of 'forgery' to include a
lot of mail which a lot of people consider perfectly valid and normal.

Consider the case where you send mail a user at one of my virtual
domains, and my mail hosts forward it on to the final recipient. Some
definitions of 'forgery' may include the mail which my mail host sends
on... but my definition does not.

We know how slow the world is to upgrade even when the upgrade is useful
and well-designed, like ESMTP and TLS. For things like SRS or the
Resent-* header abuse, I'd predict that the take-up will be a _lot_
slower. If it were just an addition to a Received: header perhaps it
would be quicker to catch on though. That could be enabled by default in
MTAs. 

-- 
dwmw2



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 09 Sep 2004 14:33:34 PDT."
             <1094765614.16741.225.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> 
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> If the mailbox domain has been safely blacklisted, then no confirmation
> with respect to the IP address from the SPF records is needed.

  RFC 2821 header checking against authentication records in DNS
enables recipients to safely blacklist mailbox domains.

  i.e.  100% of messages from a domain pass RFC 2821 DNS checks, and
are spam: the recipient may choose to blacklist the domain.

  In the absence of those checks, the recipient can still blacklist
the domain, but has no way of knowing for sure if the messages are
forged, and thus an attack by a malicious third party, who wishes to
disrupt communications between the alleged originator and the
recipient.

>  Should abusive mail be discovered, it would be unsafe to conclude
> the SPF mailbox-domain/IP address confirmation is tenable for
> establishing a name blacklist.

  Are there reasons why this is true?

>  Only the IP address has received sufficient authentication for such
> a listing, but then this has not improved upon current IP address
> blacklisting.

  You are stating that your position is that your position is correct.

> There are many cases where an MTA is shared.
...
> A breach in the mail channel integrity can happen within either the
> receiving or sending realm.  An SPF blacklisting fails to locate the
> accountable entity.

  Shared services means shared accountability.  If the recipient is
unable to distinguish between a "good" party on a shared MTA and a
"bad" party, then by definition, both parties fall into the same
classification.

  Alan DeKok.



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Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 17:33:00 +0200 (CEST)
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
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Yakov Shafranovich a écrit :
>
> What about the scope idea itself? Do you agree with it?

Well, I must admit that I haven't have much time to spend thinking of this
issue since it has been raised, but there are a number of reasons that
make me feel quite uncomfortable with it :

It seems to me to be in contradiction with the "keep it simple, stupid"
paradigm. We have to take into consideration that these protocols are
being discussed and designed by e-mail experts, but will have to be used
by "average-skill" sysadmins, and the procotol should avoid to create
unnecessary complexities that would cause one to wonder what can be the
differences between a 2821 or a 2822 scope on a practical standpoint, what
differences it may cause in the system behaviour depending upon which kind
of scope they want to publish in their records, or check in their MTA.

The current SPF system record syntax is "a bit" complex, but yet
straightforward enough to allow easy understanding. I'm afraid that if we
have to add different scopes, and possibly different DNS records for a
domain depending on the scopes, it may create complexity beyond the
average sysadmin's understanding (or will to spend the necessary time for
understanding and testing different possibilities).

I'm also not sure that possibly multiplying DNS records for different
scopes would be such a good idea, as it will, again, add complexity in DNS
maintenance (and possibly multiply queries, cause TCP answers and add to
DNS load).

Lats but not least, I'm afraid that this could result in a mess, with the
sender publishing records for one given scope, where the recipient MTA
would be configured to check only for another scope, which would result in
no checks being performed.
The more complex we make it, the more chances we have to find ourselves in
situations that may product "unpredictable results" between unrelated
sending and receiving domains.

Since the beginning, I feel that the "good" solution IMHO for the first
MARID protocol, especially if we want to get something usable and deployed
in the shortest possible timeframe, would be to go for SPF-Classic
accompanied with SRS. And stick to it. Simple, that already has running
implementations and a wide real-world deployment.

I have also expressed here in the past that I feel that MARID should limit
itself to checking existing 2821-stage fields (which means MAIL FROM: and
HELO:) and leave alone the emails contents (2822 headers being "content").

Anyway this is just my personal opinion, regardless of other IPR issues.

-- 
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E

 Qui peut m'expliquer comment fonctionne le fusible thermique sur les
 processeurs. Est ce que cela peut se configurer ?
 -+- DA in : <http://neuneu.mine.nu> : Neuneu pète un plomb -+-



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Subject: Re: Conclusion of Last Call?
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 11:28:53 -0400
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On Sep 10, 2004, at 11:04 AM, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> What's the bottom line if any?

Please be patient.  Marshall and I must spend some time rereading many 
of the threads and then compare notes.

-andy



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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: not at the University of Cambridge
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From: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
To: "David Woodhouse" <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: "Tony Finch" <dot@dotat.at>, "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>,
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<snip>
> > 1) When SPF is deployed and used the line between forgeries and 
> > legitimate will be much sharper.
> > 2) In the corporate world, I am actually going to be able to deploy 
> > SPF based on the argument that my MAIL FROM: will not be able to be 
> > forged.
> > 3) Which in turn makes all MY email legitimate. This means if anyone
> > sends with my domain from a source outside of my defined 
> range, you can
> > identify as a forgery.
> 
> The point is that you _cannot_ reliably identify it as a 
> forgery unless you're willing to redefine your meaning of 
> 'forgery' for the purpose; in particular you'd have to 
> redefine your meaning of 'forgery' to include a lot of mail 
> which a lot of people consider perfectly valid and normal.
> 
> Consider the case where you send mail a user at one of my 
> virtual domains, and my mail hosts forward it on to the final 
> recipient. Some definitions of 'forgery' may include the mail 
> which my mail host sends on... but my definition does not.

 In this case it is not my MTA or your MTA that has an issue but one on
the MTA's that you forward to. 
At this point it has less to do with an issue of my SPF record as it is
your issue between your MTA's.
If the receiving MTA does an SPF check, then the MTA that the message is
forwarded to should trust the originating MTA shouldn't it?
If the receiving MTA does not trust the sending MTA in your example,
then why would you allow it to forward through it? Isn't this the same
as an open-relay?
 My internal systems that my gateway systems forward to will not be
doing SPF checks, that is what my gateways are for.
Sounds like an administrative issue that can be resolved.

<snip>

Regards,
Damon Sauer

*****
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Subject: RE: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 09:10:31 -0700
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Thread-Topic: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: "John Glube" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>,
        "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>,
        "Andrew Newton" <andy@hxr.us>, "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thursday, September 09, 2004 12:30 PM John Glube wrote:

[snip]
> I presume a proposal which includes both pra and mailfrom 
> checks would involve elements of draft-marid-pra and 
> draft-marid-core, so giving rise to Microsoft's IPR claim and 
> the draft patent license with the noted restriction.

Microsoft's IPR disclosure clearly states that our IPR claims relate to
the maird-core and marid-pra specs used in combination.  We are not
aware of any IPR claims on marid-core used in combination with some
other specification.  

> As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent 
> Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators from 
> incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without obtaining 
> separate permission from Microsoft.

Not true.  Administrators or any other end users of licensed Sender ID
implementations do not require a license from Microsoft.  This is
clearly stated in section 2.2 of the Sender ID license.



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 12:23:09 -0400
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On Sep 10, 2004, at 12:10 PM, Harry Katz wrote:

> On Thursday, September 09, 2004 12:30 PM John Glube wrote:
>
> [snip]
>> I presume a proposal which includes both pra and mailfrom
>> checks would involve elements of draft-marid-pra and
>> draft-marid-core, so giving rise to Microsoft's IPR claim and
>> the draft patent license with the noted restriction.
>
> Microsoft's IPR disclosure clearly states that our IPR claims relate to
> the maird-core and marid-pra specs used in combination.  We are not
> aware of any IPR claims on marid-core used in combination with some
> other specification.
>
>> As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent
>> Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators from
>> incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without obtaining
>> separate permission from Microsoft.
>
> Not true.  Administrators or any other end users of licensed Sender ID
> implementations do not require a license from Microsoft.  This is
> clearly stated in section 2.2 of the Sender ID license.

Perhaps I misinterpreted the main question of John's email.  I thought 
he was asking if the license allows for an implementation of both PRA 
and MAIL FROM.  In other words, he was asking a question about certain 
language in the license that could be interpreted as disallowing any 
other scope.  And I think the question arises from what is being 
considered the "Sender ID Specification".

-andy



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Harry Katz wrote:

>> As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent
>> Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators from
>> incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without obtaining
>> separate permission from Microsoft.
>
> Not true. Administrators or any other end users of licensed Sender ID
> implementations do not require a license from Microsoft.  This is
> clearly stated in section 2.2 of the Sender ID license.

IANAL, but when you say, "Administrators ... of LICENSEd Sender ID 
implementations do not require a LICENSE," then does not the former preclude 
the latter?

Or are you saying I, as Administrator, do not need a license when I use an 
already exsting, licensed Sender-ID product (licensed to the company, for 
instance), but DO require one if I use PRA checks in a program of my own?

Regards,

- Mark



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From: Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com>
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 12:28:22 -0400
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On Sep 10, 2004, at 11:31 AM, AccuSpam wrote:
>
>> Reading the complete archive will help you understand why the
>> decisions were made.  You may not agree with those decisions, but so
>> be it.
>
>
> I have an extremely large archive of discussions I have made over the 
> past several years.  Reading that might help you understand my 
> perspective.  You may not agree with my perspective, nor have a month 
> of time to read all my historical perspective, but nevertheless I 
> think we are both entitled to express our opinion, especially about an 
> important decision that affects all e-mail.
>
> That is to say do not assume your history is more important than my 
> history (or perspective).

The issue is not that your perspective isn't potentially valuable, the 
point is that all of these issues have been discussed, at great length, 
on *this* list. We can not reopen all the issues every time someone new 
joins. All of us have studied the problems discussed here at great 
length, many of us over a number of years. Repetition of points already 
thoroughly explored do not contribute to the discussion. Please study 
the archives before posting further. If you do not have time to catch 
up with the list, I suggest that you do not have time to participate.

Speaking entirely for myself.

Margaret.



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Margaret Olson wrote:

> 
> 
> On Sep 10, 2004, at 11:31 AM, AccuSpam wrote:
> 
>>
>>> Reading the complete archive will help you understand why the
>>> decisions were made.  You may not agree with those decisions, but so
>>> be it.
>>
>>
>>
>> I have an extremely large archive of discussions I have made over the 
>> past several years.  Reading that might help you understand my 
>> perspective.  You may not agree with my perspective, nor have a month 
>> of time to read all my historical perspective, but nevertheless I 
>> think we are both entitled to express our opinion, especially about an 
>> important decision that affects all e-mail.
>>
>> That is to say do not assume your history is more important than my 
>> history (or perspective).
> 
> 
> The issue is not that your perspective isn't potentially valuable, the 
> point is that all of these issues have been discussed, at great length, 
> on *this* list. We can not reopen all the issues every time someone new 
> joins. All of us have studied the problems discussed here at great 
> length, many of us over a number of years. Repetition of points already 
> thoroughly explored do not contribute to the discussion. Please study 
> the archives before posting further. If you do not have time to catch up 
> with the list, I suggest that you do not have time to participate.
> 
> Speaking entirely for myself.
> 

And I would add to that that the WG has made consensus decisions at 
certain points, which is what Andy was trying to address. IETF WGs work 
by consensus, and certain decisions of this WG have already been made 
before.

Ykaov



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: not at the University of Cambridge 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 10 Sep 2004 16:19:54 BST."
             <1094829593.22505.89.camel@hades.cambridge.redhat.com> 
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David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> wrote:
> Consider the case where you send mail a user at one of my virtual
> domains, and my mail hosts forward it on to the final recipient. Some
> definitions of 'forgery' may include the mail which my mail host sends
> on... but my definition does not.

  Your definition is irrelevant.

  What matters is the definitions published by the owners of the
domains used in SMTP fields, and the application of those definitions
by the recipient MTA.

  The whole purpose of MARID is to define how those definitions are
published and interpreted, so that their application can be automated.
Phrased another way, my MTA doesn't read this list, so it doesn't know
what your definition of forgery is, and it therefore cannot apply it
to incoming messages.

  Alan DeKok.



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On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
> What matters is the definitions published by the owners of the domains
> used in SMTP fields, and the application of those definitions by the
> recipient MTA. The whole purpose of MARID is to define how those
> definitions are published and interpreted, so that their application can
> be automated.

Unfortunately MARID encourages sites to define bogus policies, because
they can only describe the first part of a message's journey (up to the
border of the originating organization), and it is very difficult for a
recipient site to implement checks that accommodate all the possibilities
in the rest of the message's journey.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
COLWYN BAY TO THE MULL OF GALLOWAY INCLUDING THE ISLE OF MAN: SOUTH 3 OR 4,
VEERING SOUTHWEST TONIGHT AND INCREASING 5 OR 6, AND LOCALLY 7 AROUND THE
ISLES OF MAN, VEERING WEST 5 OR 6 LATER TOMORROW. SHOWERS. MODERATE OR GOOD.
SLIGHT, BECOMING MODERATE, LOCALLY ROUGH LATER TONIGHT AND TOMORROW.



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
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On Fri, 2004-09-10 at 08:25, Alan DeKok wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> >
> > If the mailbox domain has been safely blacklisted, then no confirmation
> > with respect to the IP address from the SPF records is needed.
> 
>   RFC 2821 header checking against authentication records in DNS
> enables recipients to safely blacklist mailbox domains.
> 
>   i.e.  100% of messages from a domain pass RFC 2821 DNS checks, and
> are spam: the recipient may choose to blacklist the domain.

I would restrict this to the EHLO domain.  Using the MAIL FROM is making
an assumption of the integrity of the mail channel providing the
message.  There is nothing to substantiate such an assumption and 
defending a blacklist is not a trivial matter.  There is naturally a
reasonably strong authentication of the IP address through transport
protocol interaction.  The use of names MUST be held to at least the
same level of authentication.  A name, unlike an IP address, may disable
mail and, effectively, how a business is identified!

Those running blacklisting services MUST be prepared to defend negative
name based assertions, especially with a name's broader impact.  A point
of view that the mail channel "should" be secure and publishing an SPF
record represents an implicit agreement the mail channel shall be
considered secure is not defensible.  "Tough luck, find a better
provider!" does not address a possibility the provider may not be at
fault.  There are at least two realms that must be secure.

>   In the absence of those checks, the recipient can still blacklist
> the domain, but has no way of knowing for sure if the messages are
> forged, and thus an attack by a malicious third party, who wishes to
> disrupt communications between the alleged originator and the
> recipient.

Those checks with respect to MAIL FROM and even the more extreme From
with Sender-ID, still assumes the mail channel is secure.  In the case
of "open" records, it is assumed the outbound mail channel is not being
shared.  Where the normal implementation may be to publish the "nominal"
sources of a mailbox domain and leave the record "open" as a solution
for the forwarding issues, allows messages to suffer "validation"
promotion moving through the mail channel.

> >  Should abusive mail be discovered, it would be unsafe to conclude
> > the SPF mailbox-domain/IP address confirmation is tenable for
> > establishing a name blacklist.
> 
>   Are there reasons why this is true?

In short, the mail channel can not be assumed to be secure and not
shared.

> >  Only the IP address has received sufficient authentication for such
> > a listing, but then this has not improved upon current IP address
> > blacklisting.
> 
>   You are stating that your position is that your position is correct.

I was responding to Damon's statement that he was not looking at the SPF
record for making a decision.  If only the IP address is being used,
then this has not improved upon the current IP address blacklisting. 

The address space is becoming more dynamic, but there are still
black-holes implemented in routers by some providers that tend to
permanently disable address space due to bad policies of companies now
long out of business.  Reclaiming this space may take decades.  Moving
to a name based reputation system allows a long history to exist without
the overhead needed to track this exchange of IP addresses.

Trojan proxies are largely an outcome of the need to commandeer an
address that a blacklist attempts to make scarce.  While the number of
names of the good actors should reflect real uses, the number of bad
actors will explode should a name blacklist become effective.  This will
require taking advantage of the history that a name naturally provides. 
This may seem like a poor choice, as the IP address space is bounded and
the name space is not.

To deal with such a difficult problem may require:

a) Retain good actors long term
   (proved worthy of the magnetic domains expended)
b) Establish policy based affiliations
   (agrees to Opt-In only perhaps)
c) Limit exposure from new domains
   (cap messages perhaps)
d) Improve vetting of domain name applications 
   (industry sponsored clearing house perhaps)
  
> > There are many cases where an MTA is shared.
> ...
> > A breach in the mail channel integrity can happen within either the
> > receiving or sending realm.  An SPF blacklisting fails to locate the
> > accountable entity.
> 
>   Shared services means shared accountability.  If the recipient is
> unable to distinguish between a "good" party on a shared MTA and a
> "bad" party, then by definition, both parties fall into the same
> classification.

Sharing an MTA is a highly effective method used by ISPs to abate abuse.
Reserve painting this technique with such a broad brush.  This wide
brush never uncovers an MTA that may be compromised or poorly
administered.  Holding those unable to take immediate corrective action
accountable will cause a most unwelcome backlash.  The party that must
be held accountable is the entity administrating policies of the MTA. 
That party is only identified by an authenticated EHLO domain or the IP
address.

Having the MAIL FROM or From reference a name list of EHLO domains
allows a simple and safe method of publishing either the typical,
compatible, "nominal" record, or the atypical, breaks-everything, 
"restrictive" record for outbound MTA servers.  Making the authenticated
EHLO domain visible and used as a basis for establishing reputations,
affords consumer protections superior to that of the PRA algorithm. This
approach allows a policy that always restricts the From, as example.

Establishing a name for the MTA allows a "single" DNS lookup to further
establish the Mailbox-domain to MTA relationship in a non-exploitable
manner, and not the few hundred lookups required by SPF.  When SPF is
used to express the nominal outbound mail channel, this invites the very
exploitation SPF had promised to curtail!  

SPF is good for white-listing. For white-listing, I like the binary RR
specified by RFC3123 by P. Koch, "A DNS RR Type for Lists of Address
Prefixes", June 2001.  There is a bit of a mess with CIDR notation in
SPF.  It would be better in the long run to keep this information
concise and as part of the standard DNS reference library.

-Doug



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Harry,

I appreciate the point that:

>Microsoft's IPR disclosure clearly states that our IPR
>claims relate to the maird-core and marid-pra specs used in
>combination.  We are not aware of any IPR claims on
>marid-core used in combination with some other
>specification.  

I acknowledge that:

>... Administrators or any other end users of licensed
>Sender ID implementations do not require a license from
>Microsoft.  This is clearly stated in section 2.2 of the
>Sender ID license.

Perhaps I did not make my point clearly in my earlier note. 

So, let me give a specific example.

Let's say I am a software developer. 

A protocol is adopted which allows MTA's to do mailfrom
and/or pra checks. The specification includes
draft-marid-core (modified to include reference to mailfrom
checks as well as pra checks), draft-marid-pra and
draft-marid-mailfrom.

(This is somewhat speculative on my part, but
we need a set of facts for the sake of discussion.)

Microsoft has an IPR claim on using draft-marid-pra in
combination with draft-marid-core.

(I make this statement based on Microsoft's existing
claims.)

I want to write a program which allows an MTA to run
mailfrom and/or pra checks using these specifications and
then distribute this program to end users.

The program will be a plug in, or filter which is designed
to work with any of the existing MTA's on the market.

The draft patent license contains the following:

Microsoft ... hereby grant You a perpetual ...worldwide
license under Microsoft’s Necessary Claims to use ...
object code versions of Licensed Implementations only as
incorporated into Licensed Products and solely for the
purpose of conforming with the Sender ID Specification.

(See section 2.1 of the draft Patent License.)

I appreciate that as long as I include the requisite notice:

You also have ... a ... license to distribute or otherwise
disclose source code copies of such Licensed Implementation
...

(See section 2.2 of the draft Patent License.)

The question is whether I can incorporate mailfrom checks
in my program, so that an end user can do both mailfrom
and/or pra checks using my software program?

My concern is with the last restriction in the draft patent
license which reads:

... "and solely for the purpose of conforming with the
Sender ID Specification." 

I take this to mean "object code versions of Licensed
Implementations only as incorporated into Licensed
Products" can only be used to "conform with the Sender ID
Specification."

(The Sender ID Specification being defined as the
combination of draft-marid-pra with draft-marid-core.)

On this point, please also note the following Q & A from
Microsoft's FAQ:

Q8: What if I want to use the Sender ID technology in some
other context, still related to email but perhaps not
related to Sender ID? Will Microsoft sue me? 

A8: Microsoft is committed to working with companies in a
collaborative way to license our Intellectual Property (see
http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/). If Microsoft is
granted patent rights that cover the Sender ID
specification (currently pending) it will make those rights
available at no cost for anyone to implement and use the
Sender ID specification. Microsoft will need to see what
patent rights are granted by the US Patent and Trademark
Office to even know for sure what rights it has to offer.
Since it is impossible to contemplate every possible use of
it Sender ID patent rights we cannot make a commitment up
front to specific license terms. We invite anyone
interested in using Microsoft’s IP to innovate and compete
in the marketplace to come talk to us. 

I want to use the Sender ID technology in a software
program which allows network administrators to run both
mailfrom and/or pra checks on incoming email to the
network, or outgoing email from the network she is
administrating.

Can I do this under the license terms, or do I as per Q8
and A8 need a separate license from Microsoft?

If I need a separate license then as I note in my earlier
email:

As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent
Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators
from incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without
obtaining separate permission from Microsoft.

To be totally clear, the concern should have read:

As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent
Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators
from incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without the
distributor of any such Licensed Implementation obtaining
separate permission from Microsoft.

I trust this helps to clarify the issue raised in my
earlier note.

John

John Glube
Toronto, Canada

The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com/dne.html


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From: "John Glube" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
To: "'Andrew Newton'" <andy@hxr.us>,
        "'Harry Katz'" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
Cc: "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 16:43:28 -0400
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Andy,

When you wrote:

>Perhaps I misinterpreted the main question of John's email.
>I thought he was asking if the license allows for an
>implementation of both PRA and MAIL FROM.  In other words,
>he was asking a question about certain language in the
>license that could be interpreted as disallowing any other
>scope.  And I think the question arises from what is being
>considered the "Sender ID Specification."

You have fairly stated my concern. 

My purpose in putting forward an example in response to
Harry's message was to simply illustrate the underlying
issue. I regret causing any inconvenience by responding
directly to Harry via the mailing list. 

John
 
John Glube
Toronto, Canada
 
The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com
 

---
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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 23:16:40 +0200
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Mark Lentczner wrote:
 
> many sites have wildcard MX records so that they can catch
> mail sent to any address.  This means that they want to
> receive mail, not matter how it is addressed within their
> domain, but they don't authorize sending with such addresses.

-all is not the only application of wildcards, for me it's a
redirect=claranet.de doing the trick.

                     Bye, Frank




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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "Michel Bouissou" <michel@bouissou.net>
Subject: RE: clarification on consensus call for compromise
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 15:21:09 -0600
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I agree with everything said here by Michel Bouissou. He saved me a lot of
typing by addressing every issue in the same way I would have.

I can see the utility in allowing multiple scopes, but I would prefer that
MARID define a "universal" scope which provides the foundation for
additional scopes.


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Michel Bouissou
Sent: Friday, September 10, 2004 09:33 AM
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise


Yakov Shafranovich a écrit :
>
> What about the scope idea itself? Do you agree with it?

Well, I must admit that I haven't have much time to spend thinking of this
issue since it has been raised, but there are a number of reasons that
make me feel quite uncomfortable with it :

It seems to me to be in contradiction with the "keep it simple, stupid"
paradigm. We have to take into consideration that these protocols are
being discussed and designed by e-mail experts, but will have to be used
by "average-skill" sysadmins, and the procotol should avoid to create
unnecessary complexities that would cause one to wonder what can be the
differences between a 2821 or a 2822 scope on a practical standpoint, what
differences it may cause in the system behaviour depending upon which kind
of scope they want to publish in their records, or check in their MTA.

The current SPF system record syntax is "a bit" complex, but yet
straightforward enough to allow easy understanding. I'm afraid that if we
have to add different scopes, and possibly different DNS records for a
domain depending on the scopes, it may create complexity beyond the
average sysadmin's understanding (or will to spend the necessary time for
understanding and testing different possibilities).

I'm also not sure that possibly multiplying DNS records for different
scopes would be such a good idea, as it will, again, add complexity in DNS
maintenance (and possibly multiply queries, cause TCP answers and add to
DNS load).

Lats but not least, I'm afraid that this could result in a mess, with the
sender publishing records for one given scope, where the recipient MTA
would be configured to check only for another scope, which would result in
no checks being performed.
The more complex we make it, the more chances we have to find ourselves in
situations that may product "unpredictable results" between unrelated
sending and receiving domains.

Since the beginning, I feel that the "good" solution IMHO for the first
MARID protocol, especially if we want to get something usable and deployed
in the shortest possible timeframe, would be to go for SPF-Classic
accompanied with SRS. And stick to it. Simple, that already has running
implementations and a wide real-world deployment.

I have also expressed here in the past that I feel that MARID should limit
itself to checking existing 2821-stage fields (which means MAIL FROM: and
HELO:) and leave alone the emails contents (2822 headers being "content").

Anyway this is just my personal opinion, regardless of other IPR issues.

--
Michel Bouissou <michel@bouissou.net> OpenPGP ID 0xDDE8AC6E

 Qui peut m'expliquer comment fonctionne le fusible thermique sur les
 processeurs. Est ce que cela peut se configurer ?
 -+- DA in : <http://neuneu.mine.nu> : Neuneu pète un plomb -+-



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This is very usefull draft for this WG.
We should consider sponsoring it further.

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 15:55:32 -0400
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-00.txt

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Message Header for Indicating Sender Authentication Status
	Author(s)	: M. Kucherawy
	Filename	: draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-00.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 2004-9-10
	
This memo defines a new message header for use with [MAIL] messages
   to indicate the results of sender authentication efforts to mail user
   agents (MUAs) in order to equip them to relay that information in a
   convenient way to users.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 14:53:57 -0700
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There has been quite a bit of discussion here about either removing 
scopes or allowing some sort of universal or wildcard scope.

I would not support such a concept because it lessens the strength of 
what a domain is saying by publishing records.  In particular, if a 
domain were to publish (making up a syntax...):

	example.com. IN A SPF2 "spf2.0/* +mx +a -all"

We have to wonder what this record says.  It authorizes a set of hosts 
to use the domain "example.com" as part of which identities in mail?  
All of them?  Including identities that we haven't named a scope for 
yet?

I certainly wouldn't publish such a record for my domain, as I don't 
know what I'm making such an assertion about.  While I might be willing 
to believe that the "+mx" and "+a" directives are going to be 
reasonable for any such identity (after all, the reference machines I 
presumably have control of), I can't make such a statement about 
"-all".  I don't know that there might be some notion of identity, as 
yet undefined, for which I'd need to include other hosts.

While other site owners might be willing to take such risks and publish 
such records, the ability to do so lesses the effectiveness for the 
whole scheme.  If domains are able to make claims like "We didn't know 
about that identity check when we published "spf2.0/*" - you can't ding 
our reputation based on that check." or " - you can't reject mail that 
doesn't pass", it means that the whole scheme is diminished.

In short, when we say "domains authorized the use of identity X by 
publishing an SPF record" we do so because we are going to hold them 
accountable if the authorization passes, and reject if it fails.  And 
for those actions to have any force, the declaration of authorization 
has to be incontestable.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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Subject: RE: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Thread-Topic: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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From: "Harry Katz" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>
To: "John Glube" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>,
        "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>,
        "Andrew Newton" <andy@hxr.us>, "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On September 10, 2004 1:03 PM, John Glube [mailto:jbglube@sympatico.ca]
wrote:

> Harry,
> 
> I appreciate the point that:
> 
> >Microsoft's IPR disclosure clearly states that our IPR 
> claims relate to 
> >the maird-core and marid-pra specs used in combination.  We are not 
> >aware of any IPR claims on marid-core used in combination with some 
> >other specification.
> 
> I acknowledge that:
> 
> >... Administrators or any other end users of licensed Sender ID 
> >implementations do not require a license from Microsoft.  This is 
> >clearly stated in section 2.2 of the Sender ID license.
> 
> Perhaps I did not make my point clearly in my earlier note. 

Perhaps I misunderstood.  At any rate, thank you for taking the time to
clarify.

> So, let me give a specific example.
> 
> Let's say I am a software developer. 
> 
> A protocol is adopted which allows MTA's to do mailfrom 
> and/or pra checks. The specification includes 
> draft-marid-core (modified to include reference to mailfrom 
> checks as well as pra checks), draft-marid-pra and 
> draft-marid-mailfrom.
> 
> (This is somewhat speculative on my part, but we need a set 
> of facts for the sake of discussion.)

This is my understanding of the co-chairs proposal too.

> Microsoft has an IPR claim on using draft-marid-pra in 
> combination with draft-marid-core.
> 
> (I make this statement based on Microsoft's existing
> claims.)

Correct.

> I want to write a program which allows an MTA to run mailfrom 
> and/or pra checks using these specifications and then 
> distribute this program to end users.
> 
> The program will be a plug in, or filter which is designed to 
> work with any of the existing MTA's on the market.
> 
> The draft patent license contains the following:
> 
> Microsoft ... hereby grant You a perpetual ...worldwide 
> license under Microsoft's Necessary Claims to use ...
> object code versions of Licensed Implementations only as 
> incorporated into Licensed Products and solely for the 
> purpose of conforming with the Sender ID Specification.
> 
> (See section 2.1 of the draft Patent License.)
> 
> I appreciate that as long as I include the requisite notice:
> 
> You also have ... a ... license to distribute or otherwise 
> disclose source code copies of such Licensed Implementation ...
> 
> (See section 2.2 of the draft Patent License.)
> 
> The question is whether I can incorporate mailfrom checks in 
> my program, so that an end user can do both mailfrom and/or 
> pra checks using my software program?

Yes, you can.  We are not aware of any Microsoft IPR claim related to
spoof checking of MAIL FROM.  Therefore, the Sender ID license is
irrelevent for checking MAIL FROM.  

> My concern is with the last restriction in the draft patent 
> license which reads:
> 
> ... "and solely for the purpose of conforming with the Sender 
> ID Specification." 
> 
> I take this to mean "object code versions of Licensed 
> Implementations only as incorporated into Licensed Products" 
> can only be used to "conform with the Sender ID Specification."
> 
> (The Sender ID Specification being defined as the combination 
> of draft-marid-pra with draft-marid-core.)
> 
> On this point, please also note the following Q & A from 
> Microsoft's FAQ:
> 
> Q8: What if I want to use the Sender ID technology in some 
> other context, still related to email but perhaps not related 
> to Sender ID? Will Microsoft sue me? 
> 
> A8: Microsoft is committed to working with companies in a 
> collaborative way to license our Intellectual Property (see 
> http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/). If Microsoft is granted 
> patent rights that cover the Sender ID specification 
> (currently pending) it will make those rights available at no 
> cost for anyone to implement and use the Sender ID 
> specification. Microsoft will need to see what patent rights 
> are granted by the US Patent and Trademark Office to even 
> know for sure what rights it has to offer.
> Since it is impossible to contemplate every possible use of 
> it Sender ID patent rights we cannot make a commitment up 
> front to specific license terms. We invite anyone interested 
> in using Microsoft's IP to innovate and compete in the 
> marketplace to come talk to us. 
> 
> I want to use the Sender ID technology in a software program 
> which allows network administrators to run both mailfrom 
> and/or pra checks on incoming email to the network, or 
> outgoing email from the network she is administrating.
> 
> Can I do this under the license terms, or do I as per Q8 and 
> A8 need a separate license from Microsoft?

As I stated above, we are not aware of any Microsoft IPR claims on MAIL
FROM checking, so our license is not relevent.  So, to be as clear as I
can, if you're implementing spoof checks of both PRA and MAIL FROM under
the framework described in Core (and our patent application is granted)
then you would need a license for the PRA check but not the MAIL FROM
check.  If you are implementing spoof checking of MAIL FROM and _not_
PRA, we have no IPR claims, and no license to offer. 

> If I need a separate license then as I note in my earlier
> email:
> 
> As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent 
> Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators from 
> incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without obtaining 
> separate permission from Microsoft.
> 
> To be totally clear, the concern should have read:
> 
> As such, the restriction contained in the draft patent 
> Sender-ID license would preclude network administrators from 
> incorporating both mailfrom and pra checks without the 
> distributor of any such Licensed Implementation obtaining 
> separate permission from Microsoft.
> 
> I trust this helps to clarify the issue raised in my earlier note.

Thanks.  Likewise, I hope I've answered your question.



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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> 2) "fetchmail", meaning the algorithm explained in
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04356.html

Not very different from spf2.0/mailfrom if I got this right.
The conclusion in RfC 3834 (4) is:

| The Return-Path address is really the only one from the
| message header that can be expected, as a matter of protocol,
| to be suitable for automatic responses that were not
| anticipated by the sender.

> I simply believe that, given the current state of the art
> about email identities, it is better to have choice.

Yes.  For an unmodified PRA to work RfC 2476 could be updated
(8.1 MAY insert Sender => MUST insert Sender), but actually it
would be simpler to fix the algorithm (pretend that a Sender
matching the Return-Path is there if necessary).

                         Bye, Frank




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From: "Michael R. Brumm" <me@michaelbrumm.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: "Mark Lentczner" <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: RE: clarification on consensus call for compromise
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Mark Lentczner wrote:
> There has been quite a bit of discussion here about either removing
> scopes or allowing some sort of universal or wildcard scope.

I'd like to clarify the terminology a little, just to make sure we are
talking about the same thing:

- universal/mandatory scope: A scope which is mandatory, universally
understood, and required for MARID compliant implementation. Basically, a
foundation scope which all domains must publish and MTAs must evaluate under
MARID.

- wildcard scopes/no scopes: A way of saying the MARID record applies to all
MARID scopes. (your made up example: "spf2.0/* +mx +a -all")

From the rest of your message, I am guessing that you are against wildcard
scopes, but not universal scopes?

If so, I would agree: I am against wildcard scopes. I would also say that
I'm for at least one universal/mandatory scope.


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Mark Lentczner
Sent: Friday, September 10, 2004 03:54 PM
To: IETF MARID WG
Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise


There has been quite a bit of discussion here about either removing
scopes or allowing some sort of universal or wildcard scope.

I would not support such a concept because it lessens the strength of
what a domain is saying by publishing records.  In particular, if a
domain were to publish (making up a syntax...):

	example.com. IN A SPF2 "spf2.0/* +mx +a -all"

We have to wonder what this record says.  It authorizes a set of hosts
to use the domain "example.com" as part of which identities in mail?
All of them?  Including identities that we haven't named a scope for
yet?

I certainly wouldn't publish such a record for my domain, as I don't
know what I'm making such an assertion about.  While I might be willing
to believe that the "+mx" and "+a" directives are going to be
reasonable for any such identity (after all, the reference machines I
presumably have control of), I can't make such a statement about
"-all".  I don't know that there might be some notion of identity, as
yet undefined, for which I'd need to include other hosts.

While other site owners might be willing to take such risks and publish
such records, the ability to do so lesses the effectiveness for the
whole scheme.  If domains are able to make claims like "We didn't know
about that identity check when we published "spf2.0/*" - you can't ding
our reputation based on that check." or " - you can't reject mail that
doesn't pass", it means that the whole scheme is diminished.

In short, when we say "domains authorized the use of identity X by
publishing an SPF record" we do so because we are going to hold them
accountable if the authorization passes, and reject if it fails.  And
for those actions to have any force, the declaration of authorization
has to be incontestable.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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Subject: Re: clarification on consensus call for compromise
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On Fri, 2004-09-10 at 14:53 -0700, Mark Lentczner wrote:
>  I can't make such a statement about 
> "-all".  I don't know that there might be some notion of identity, as 
> yet undefined, for which I'd need to include other hosts.

To cite an example: in today's world, you need to include other hosts
for both RFC2821 reverse-path and RFC2822 identities. 

> While other site owners might be willing to take such risks and publish 
> such records, the ability to do so lesses the effectiveness for the 
> whole scheme. 

Indeed they might be willing to do that, and indeed it does lessen the
effectiveness of the whole scheme.

>  If domains are able to make claims like "We didn't know 
> about that identity check when we published "spf2.0/*" - you can't ding 
> our reputation based on that check." or " - you can't reject mail that 
> doesn't pass", it means that the whole scheme is diminished.

It does indeed mean that the whole scheme is diminished.

> In short, when we say "domains authorized the use of identity X by 
> publishing an SPF record" we do so because we are going to hold them 
> accountable if the authorization passes, and reject if it fails.  And 
> for those actions to have any force, the declaration of authorization 
> has to be incontestable.

I agree.

-- 
dwmw2




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>> The issue is not that your perspective isn't potentially valuable, the 
>> point is that all of these issues have been discussed, at great length, 
>> on *this* list. We can not reopen all the issues every time someone new 
>> joins.
[...]
>And I would add to that that the WG has made consensus decisions at 
>certain points, which is what Andy was trying to address. IETF WGs work 
>by consensus, and certain decisions of this WG have already been made 
>before.

Sorry to post again, because I already made my points clear, but I must address this black propoganda (or personalization of facts).

Instead of making a general statement that all of my points are invalid due to some phantom concensus decisions, if you are so familiar with those concensus decisions (and the issues involved in them), why not just answer my post with specific links to those representative posts regarding those threads for each point I made?  I am sure that would be more useful than some generalized propoganda.  It might be instructive that when you start to refute my points point-by-point with links to past threads, then we might discover something or at least my points will be put to rest.

I have seen other examples here (e.g. the Cambridge deploy thread) where others have taken the time to reference preference threads regarding important points, and I have thus seen new information (or perspectives) sprout because of that.

The argument that you have been working on this for years seems to hold less weight when you do not have concensus on how to handle the current roadblock and you do not have an algorithm which can prevent forgery 100% for a domain that declares a forgery DNS record.

Please stop the personalization of debate and go back to the facts.  If you disagree with my position, then please present some relevant links to past posts.  I have an open mind.



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Apologies I sent this to wrong list, because of c+P.



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The algorithm has to take that in account else the algorithm is not going to be popular.

There seems to be a big disconnect here between reality.  None of the proposals can specify with 100% certainty what will happen with the published data.  For example, with the record below, what happens when a fowarder does not use SRS or SUBMITTER?

All the algorithms used have to take this fuzziness into account.


>If so, I would agree: I am against wildcard scopes. I would also say that
>I'm for at least one universal/mandatory scope.

This is impossible and/or unrealistic.

For example, what are you going to mandate about the reality of incomplete adoption of a forwarding solution for MAILFROM?




At 02:53 PM 9/10/2004 -0700, you wrote:
>
>There has been quite a bit of discussion here about either removing 
>scopes or allowing some sort of universal or wildcard scope.
>
>I would not support such a concept because it lessens the strength of 
>what a domain is saying by publishing records.  In particular, if a 
>domain were to publish (making up a syntax...):
>
>	example.com. IN A SPF2 "spf2.0/* +mx +a -all"
>
>We have to wonder what this record says.  It authorizes a set of hosts 
>to use the domain "example.com" as part of which identities in mail?  
>All of them?  Including identities that we haven't named a scope for 
>yet?
>
>I certainly wouldn't publish such a record for my domain, as I don't 
>know what I'm making such an assertion about.  While I might be willing 
>to believe that the "+mx" and "+a" directives are going to be 
>reasonable for any such identity (after all, the reference machines I 
>presumably have control of), I can't make such a statement about 
>"-all".  I don't know that there might be some notion of identity, as 
>yet undefined, for which I'd need to include other hosts.
>
>While other site owners might be willing to take such risks and publish 
>such records, the ability to do so lesses the effectiveness for the 
>whole scheme.  If domains are able to make claims like "We didn't know 
>about that identity check when we published "spf2.0/*" - you can't ding 
>our reputation based on that check." or " - you can't reject mail that 
>doesn't pass", it means that the whole scheme is diminished.
>
>In short, when we say "domains authorized the use of identity X by 
>publishing an SPF record" we do so because we are going to hold them 
>accountable if the authorization passes, and reject if it fails.  And 
>for those actions to have any force, the declaration of authorization 
>has to be incontestable.
>
>	- Mark
>
>Mark Lentczner
>http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
>markl@glyphic.com 



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At 02:29 PM 9/10/2004 -0400, you wrote:
>
>> My point was the semantic difference is useless for anti-spam unless
>> you know that all "not known" implies a spammer domain.
>> 
>
>I think you missed Meng's point:
>
>not known <> known not
>
>He's implying that there was a check for the domain against a system
>that lists the good guys, like cloudmark. Therefore it is 'known not to
>be a spammer domain'.

I got his point.  Respectfully, you apparently still did not get mine.  Please go back to my previous post in this thread.

My basic point is that the inverse result does not imply a spammer, so the result is not that useful.  Cloudmark can not PASS most non-spam domains. 



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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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AccuSpam wrote:

> Seems to me that your implication that someone would need to
> publish different mail servers depending on whether the
> Return-Path or PRA header is being evaluated is not
> mainstream.

It is.  PRA does not work with legacy MUAs and MSAs, where the
sending site doesn't insert a "Sender" matching the MAIL FROM
(to overrule a 2822-From not matching the MAIL FROM).

In other words I daily send mails with "my" 2822-From, which
would FAIL in a PRA-Test, because "my" sender policy has scope
MAIL FROM and not PRA.

> none of the scoped algorithms give a 100% final result

If "my" MAIL FROM results in a FAIL, then this is 100% final,
and if it results in a PASS then that's also 100% final.  And
"my" 2822-From results in a 100% final NONE when it happens to
be the PRA.
                            Bye, Frank




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AccuSpam wrote:

> Sorry to post again, because I already made my points clear, but I
> must address this black propoganda (or personalization of facts).

Please, do not follow the same, disasterous, path that you went on the SPF 
list. As a lawyer would say, "cease and desist".

> Instead of making a general statement that all of my points are
> invalid due to some phantom concensus decisions, if you are so
> familiar with those concensus decisions (and the issues involved in
> them), why not just answer my post with specific links to those
> representative posts regarding those threads for each point I made?

Because you are to do your own homework. :)

Good-bye,

- Mark

P.S. Speaking entirely for myself.



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william(at)elan.net wrote:
 
> This is very usefull draft for this WG.
> We should consider sponsoring it further.

Yes, it could replace the "Received-SPF:" header in the SPF
classic draft.  I'm a bit lost with one of the examples (9.4),
it has auth=, spf=, and sender-id=, but AUTH is done by the
MSA, while spf resp. sender-id tests are done by the MX / MDA.

                     Bye, Frank




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From: "John Glube" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
To: "'Harry Katz'" <hkatz@exchange.microsoft.com>,
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Subject: RE: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
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Harry,

I appreciate the clarification as noted below:

As I stated above, we are not aware of any Microsoft IPR
claims on MAIL FROM checking, so our license is not
relevant.  So, to be as clear as I can, if you're
implementing spoof checks of both PRA and MAIL FROM under
the framework described in Core (and our patent application
is granted) then you would need a license for the PRA check
but not the MAIL FROM check.  If you are implementing spoof
checking of MAIL FROM and _not_PRA, we have no IPR claims,
and no license to offer. 

One comment:

* Depending on whether the WG does proceed further with the
consensus call as put forward by the co-chairs, I suggest
you may wish to amend the FAQ to reflect your answers.

John

John Glube
Toronto, Canada

The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com/dne.html

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From: "John Glube" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
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Subject: RE: consensus call on pra/mailfrom deployment and versioning/scope
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 23:27:12 -0400
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Andy,

Thank you for facilitating an answer to my concern.

As Harry noted in his response:

>As I stated above, we are not aware of any Microsoft IPR
>claims on MAIL FROM checking, so our license is not
>relevent.  So, to be as clear as I can, if you're
>implementing spoof checks of both PRA and MAIL FROM under
>the framework described in Core (and our patent application
>is granted) then you would need a license for the PRA check
>but not the MAIL FROM check.  If you are implementing spoof
>checking of MAIL FROM and _not_ PRA, we have no IPR claims,
>and no license to offer. 

This answer clearly sets out the issue. The question
remains as to whether it resolves the problem.

A number of comments:

* Unfortunately, based on my read of the most recent
version of the FAQ, along with posts made to this mailing
list, there continues to be a fundamental issue surrounding
the lack of compatibility between Microsoft's draft patent
license with the GPL. 

From where I sit, this problem requires resolution for
smooth implementation of the consensus call. Why? One of
the driving forces behind pra is the expressed need of the
financial sector to control phishing attacks, along with
the general desire of all domain owners to thwart spoofing
and phishing attacks to retain brand integrity.

Without resolution between Microsoft and the open source
community this means pra checking will not be as widely
implemented, so diminishing the effectiveness of this part
of the layered defence for the benefit of those who need it
most.

As such this remains an underlying stumbling block which I
suggest the WG chairs must consider in deciding how best to
proceed with the consensus call.

* The other concern I have revolves around the lack of an
operational and security review by greybeards of both pra
and mailfrom checking. This is not a new issue.

Sender authentication, without implementation of reputation
and accreditation services along the Aspen model will not
achieve the ultimate objective of providing a reliable
methodology for UBE volume control.

(Please note, I do not believe we will ever be able to stop
abusive behaviour online. The best we can hope for is to
bring the problem under control.)

There has been much discussion on this list about the merit
or lack of merit of the two proposed "scopes" as
underpinnings for use in developing reliable reputation
models.

I strongly believe such a peer review would help to flush
out and resolve these issues, along with any underlying
operational and security issues. If nothing else, it would
certainly give added comfort to those who have to implement
all of this.

Until these two concerns are resolved, it remains my view
that this WG can only proceed with "pra and mailfrom" as
experimental protocols.

I find this position somewhat awkward. I want sender
authentication to succeed. I acknowledge there is a
dramatic sense of urgency. Email is broken and needs
fixing. I appreciate and support the vision. I acknowledge
a number of large organizations have stepped forward and
expressed a willingness to back "pra and mailfrom."

Yet, I am reluctant to proceed full steam ahead when I can
see cracks in the foundation which I believe will come back
and bite us all at the end of the day.

Thank you again for taking the time to listen to my
concerns.

John

John Glube
Toronto, Canada

The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com/dne.html

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep 11 08:00:47 2004
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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 13:24:24 +0200
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Patenting HOWTO/FAQ ?
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Hi,

can anyone recommend any FAQ or HOWTO or a book about 
how to apply for a patent in the USA?

I have done some further development of mechanisms
which protect against spam, fraud, phishing etc. and
improve e-mail for commercial and private use, 
but I do not want to repeat the same mistake as with 
RMX again. I'd like to protect against plagiarism
and especially that kind of capture we've seen from 
Microsoft. I'd therefore like to apply for a patent
and make the mechanism available for free for the 
open source community (like GPL), but to take license
fees from commercial vendors like Microsoft. Beat 'em 
with their own weapons. 

regards
Hadmut





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To: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Patenting HOWTO/FAQ ?
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Its admirable that you want to protect the open source community from some 
corporate patent sharks :) 

But are you prepared to spend $20,000 of your own money to file such a 
patent ($2,000 - $5,000 if without a lawyer; but expect to have patent 
application returned to you for corrections or it might just get rejected 
entirely after two years of waiting...)?

Are you also aware that once you disclose the idea or technology on public 
forum or published it as IETF draft, you can no longer file a patent for 
it (even if you're the author of the draft)?

Best of luck to you if you answer yes to both questions above, in that 
case, please see http://www.uspto.gov/ebc/efs/index.html

On Sat, 11 Sep 2004, Hadmut Danisch wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> can anyone recommend any FAQ or HOWTO or a book about 
> how to apply for a patent in the USA?
> 
> I have done some further development of mechanisms
> which protect against spam, fraud, phishing etc. and
> improve e-mail for commercial and private use, 
> but I do not want to repeat the same mistake as with 
> RMX again. I'd like to protect against plagiarism
> and especially that kind of capture we've seen from 
> Microsoft. I'd therefore like to apply for a patent
> and make the mechanism available for free for the 
> open source community (like GPL), but to take license
> fees from commercial vendors like Microsoft. Beat 'em 
> with their own weapons. 
> 
> regards
> Hadmut





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In <20040911112424.GA21779@danisch.de> Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de> writes:

> can anyone recommend any FAQ or HOWTO or a book about 
> how to apply for a patent in the USA?

I think this is pretty much off-topic for this list.


>            I'd therefore like to apply for a patent
> and make the mechanism available for free for the 
> open source community (like GPL), but to take license
> fees from commercial vendors like Microsoft. Beat 'em 
> with their own weapons. 

As mad as I am about the problems that the MS SenderID patent and
license has caused, I don't think that two wrongs make a right.  I
hope that such a patent encumbered technology would not be put in any
standard advanced by the IETF.


-wayne



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 10 Sep 2004 12:52:56 PDT."
             <1094845976.17587.151.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> 
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 09:53:03 -0400
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> >   i.e.  100% of messages from a domain pass RFC 2821 DNS checks, and
> > are spam: the recipient may choose to blacklist the domain.
> 
> I would restrict this to the EHLO domain.  Using the MAIL FROM is making
> an assumption of the integrity of the mail channel providing the
> message.

  Perhaps you didn't read the sentence you quoted.  I explicitly
stated that the message passed DNS checks, and there is therefore NO
need to make assumptions about the integrity of the mail channel
providing the message.  In the scenario I described, by *definition*,
the mail channel has been verified to have integrity, so far as the
RFC 2821 headers go.

  Please address that issue.  Repeating the claim that a blacklist is
based on "assumptions" when I explicitly described a scenario where it
could be based on verifiable information is... not nice.

>  There is naturally a reasonably strong authentication of the IP
> address through transport protocol interaction.

  Yes, you've said that many, many times.  I understand that's your
position.  I'm trying to get you to understand my position.

> Those checks with respect to MAIL FROM and even the more extreme From
> with Sender-ID, still assumes the mail channel is secure.

  For Sender-Id, maybe.  For MAIL FROM checks, absolutely not.

  Security != authentication.  You can authenticate someone in an
insecure system.

  MAIL FROM checks work in an insecure mail channel.  They *don't*
interact well with ".forward" systems, but that's an authentication
issue, not a security issue.

  In fact, MAIL FROM checks use the source IP address (which you claim
is the only secure/verifiable entity) to answer the question "is this
IP permitted to use this domain name in MAIL FROM?"  If we put
additional conflicts with ".forward" systems aside for a moment, then
MAIL FROM and EHLO based checks are identical in security.

> >   Shared services means shared accountability.  If the recipient is
> > unable to distinguish between a "good" party on a shared MTA and a
> > "bad" party, then by definition, both parties fall into the same
> > classification.
> 
> Sharing an MTA is a highly effective method used by ISPs to abate abuse.
> Reserve painting this technique with such a broad brush.

  I'm not.  I'm talking about what information is out there, and what
decisions can possibly be made, independent of any technical proposal.

  If someone can't tell the difference between two things, then it
MUST treat the two things as identical.  This is a well-known concept,
and based solely on the available information.  If you choose to
disagree with this, that's your perogative, but it means that any
system you come up with will be based on using information which is
unavailable to anyone.

> Holding those unable to take immediate corrective action accountable
> will cause a most unwelcome backlash.

  This is a political response to a technical problem: the recipients
cannot technically distinguish between two parties, and therefore
treats both the same.  If one party doesn't like it, the solution
isn't political, it's technical: give the recipient additional
information which lets him distinguish the two parties.

> The party that must be held accountable is the entity administrating
> policies of the MTA.  That party is only identified by an
> authenticated EHLO domain or the IP address.

  And other parties using that MTA will, by definition, get associated
with the reputation of that MTA.  This is what you call "a broad brush".

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep 11 13:35:57 2004
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Cc: asrg@ietf.org, "'IETF MARID WG'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Marshall Rose <mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us>
Subject: Re: Patenting HOWTO/FAQ ?
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 10:05:53 -0700
To: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
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On Sep 11, 2004, at 04:24, Hadmut Danisch wrote:

> can anyone recommend any FAQ or HOWTO or a book about
> how to apply for a patent in the USA?

it is clear that your posting is completely inappropriate for the marid 
list.

it is clear that your posting should not have copied both marid and 
asrg.

it is clear that you have now been warned, and that further misbehavior 
will result in consequences.

it is clear that if anyone else responds to your posting on the marid 
list,  that they too will receive the attention of the co-chairs.

/mtr



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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 13:59:06 -0400
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The following is the judgment of the co-chairs relating to consensus 
within the MARID working group during the last call period of 
23-August-2004 through 10-September-2004.

1) On the issue of using a DNS name prefix, there is at least rough 
consensus that no prefix should be used.

2) On the issue of compliance with the use of the TXT record, the 
working group has at least rough consensus that TXT usage is acceptable 
for compliance and should not be specified as a configuration that will 
be non-compliant.  However, there is at least rough consensus that the 
use of the SPF-specific record type is more desirable than the use of a 
TXT record type.  It is the opinion of the co-chairs that the -protocol 
document clearly state that the usage of TXT records will most likely 
be deprecated by future protocol definition.

3) On the issue of ignoring patent claims, the working group has at 
least rough consensus that the patent claims should not be ignored.  
Additionally, there is at least rough consensus that the participants 
of the working group cannot accurately describe the specific claims of 
the patent application. This stems from the fact that the patent 
application is not publicly available.  Given this, it is the opinion 
of the co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate 
algorithms reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.  
We do feel that future changes regarding the patent claim or its 
associated license could significantly change the consensus of the 
working group, and at such a time it would be appropriate to consider 
new work of this type.

4) On the issue of the ABNF in section 3.4.1 of -protocol and multiple 
scopes, there is at least rough consensus to allow the syntax and 
record structure to support multiple scopes.

With regard to items 3 and 4 above, it is also the opinion of the 
co-chairs that any attempt by the MARID working group to define any new 
scopes other than "mailfrom" and "pra" for the SPF syntax will at this 
time result in failure to find consensus within the working group.

The document authors have agreed to producing new drafts intended to 
meet the chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the 
appropriate diffs will be forthcoming.  This work plan does not include 
scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion that no 
new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
successfully produced a first specification.

-MARID co-chairs



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep 11 15:12:33 2004
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References: Your message of "Fri, 10 Sep 2004 12:52:56 PDT."           
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    <20040911135303.59A5316CD2@mail.nitros9.org>
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 11:47:59 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
From: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
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> "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org> wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
>
>>>   i.e.  100% of messages from a domain pass RFC 2821 DNS checks, and
>>> are spam: the recipient may choose to blacklist the domain.
>>
>> I would restrict this to the EHLO domain.  Using the MAIL FROM is making
>> an assumption of the integrity of the mail channel providing the
>> message.
>
>   Perhaps you didn't read the sentence you quoted.  I explicitly
> stated that the message passed DNS checks, and there is therefore NO
> need to make assumptions about the integrity of the mail channel
> providing the message.

A DNS check that obtains a list of addresses for a mailbox-domain, MUST
assume channel integrity when holding the apparent originator of the
message accountable.  A mailbox-domain administrator may delegate mail
services to many disparate sending domains which may also be shared with
many other mailbox-domains.  Publishing an SPF record does not include an
implied acceptance of accountability for these other sending domains or
the receiving domains within the recipient's realm.

Due to forwarding issues, expect many lists to be left "open" to allow
other unknown domains to forward messages.  It is unfortunate, with the
SPF draft, the expressed MTA/mailbox-domain relationship is used to also
authorize the sending MTA.  This means an "open" relationship will likely
invite a problem the SPF record hoped to prevent.  Complex macros aimed at
rediscovering the actual sending MTA or, in the case of Sender-ID, the PRA
algorithm used to indirectly resolve the sending MTA where the RFC2822
From had been superceded, can simply be replaced by authenticating the MTA
EHLO.

There are clearly two steps needed, but these two steps have been
collapsed into a one very broken step with SPF or Sender-ID.

Step 1: Authenticate the MTA EHLO name.
Step 2: Compare the mailbox-domain/EHLO list to this name.

If spam is detected at the MTA, the EHLO name is held accountable.
By having this second step, confusion regarding which entity must be held
accountable is removed and safely allows any level of restriction to be
placed upon either the MAIL FROM or the From mailbox domains.  By making
the authenticated EHLO domain visible within the MUA and allowing a few
institutions to publish a comprehensive rather than nominal
mailbox-domain/EHLO list as an exceptional restriction, will provide
superior consumer protection than possible with either SPF or Sender-ID.

> In the scenario I described, by *definition*, the mail channel has been
> verified to have integrity, so far as the RFC 2821 headers go.

It is not a trivial matter defending a reputation service.  Listing a name
has potentially greater impact than an IP address.  One can not defend
assumptions of accountable entities by suggesting the mail channel is
"defined" to have integrity.  Nor is it reasonable for those seeking to
have their mail accepted to be held accountable for the actions of others.
 SPF with "open" lists is seriously flawed, to say nothing about other
security issues.  Anyone sharing a domain and publishing an "open" list is
susceptible to being spoofed.  Because of the collapsing of the MTA
authorization with the domain relationships and allowances for "open"
lists, this actually invites spoofing.  While listing "nominal" outbound
servers may be useful for "coloring" the mail, these mailbox domains MUST
NOT be held accountable for any abuse that may occur.

>   Please address that issue.  Repeating the claim that a blacklist is
> based on "assumptions" when I explicitly described a scenario where it
> could be based on verifiable information is... not nice.

Listing a name and blocking their mail because you don't care which entity
actually caused the message to be sent is also... not nice.

>>  There is naturally a reasonably strong authentication of the IP
>> address through transport protocol interaction.
>
>   Yes, you've said that many, many times.  I understand that's your
> position.  I'm trying to get you to understand my position.
>
>> Those checks with respect to MAIL FROM and even the more extreme From
>> with Sender-ID, still assumes the mail channel is secure.
>
>   For Sender-Id, maybe.  For MAIL FROM checks, absolutely not.
>
>   Security != authentication.  You can authenticate someone in an
> insecure system.
>
>   MAIL FROM checks work in an insecure mail channel.  They *don't*
> interact well with ".forward" systems, but that's an authentication
> issue, not a security issue.

What entity should be held accountable?  The entity authenticated as
sending the mail, or the mailbox-domain that authorized the mail to be
sent?  Obtaining an authorization is not the same as authentication of the
acting entity.

>   In fact, MAIL FROM checks use the source IP address (which you claim
> is the only secure/verifiable entity) to answer the question "is this
> IP permitted to use this domain name in MAIL FROM?"  If we put
> additional conflicts with ".forward" systems aside for a moment, then
> MAIL FROM and EHLO based checks are identical in security.

These checks are not the same.  You are devising a system that requires
mailbox-domains authorize other domains to send their mail.  Those
actually sending the mail can be authenticated as performing this
directly.  Simply authorizing a domain does not imply they accept
accountability for these sending domains.  If the sending MTA EHLO name is
authenticated and authorized by the EHLO domain, then it does not matter
what mailbox-domain is sent, this EHLO entity can be safely held
accountable for the MTA actions.  If there is a problem, only this entity
can take immediate action or provide logs in the event of a crime.

>> >   Shared services means shared accountability.  If the recipient is
>> > unable to distinguish between a "good" party on a shared MTA and a
>> > "bad" party, then by definition, both parties fall into the same
>> > classification.
>>
>> Sharing an MTA is a highly effective method used by ISPs to abate abuse.
>> Reserve painting this technique with such a broad brush.
>
>   I'm not.  I'm talking about what information is out there, and what
> decisions can possibly be made, independent of any technical proposal.
>
>   If someone can't tell the difference between two things, then it
> MUST treat the two things as identical.

But these things can be identified by an authenticated EHLO name.  They
MUST NOT be treated as identical.

> This is a well-known concept, and based solely on the available
> information.  If you choose to disagree with this, that's your perogative,
> but it means that any system you come up with will be based on using
> information which is unavailable to anyone.

SPF is proposing to add information, but then uses this information
inappropreiately.  CSV and MPR attempt to add information and use this
information to establish accurate accountability.  There is a difference
and anyone can use this information.

>> Holding those unable to take immediate corrective action accountable
>> will cause a most unwelcome backlash.
>
>   This is a political response to a technical problem: the recipients
> cannot technically distinguish between two parties, and therefore
> treats both the same.  If one party doesn't like it, the solution
> isn't political, it's technical: give the recipient additional
> information which lets him distinguish the two parties.

That is what CSV does.  It allows a reputation service to distinguish
those directly responsible without any assumptions of the mail channel
integrity.

>> The party that must be held accountable is the entity administrating
>> policies of the MTA.  That party is only identified by an
>> authenticated EHLO domain or the IP address.
>
>   And other parties using that MTA will, by definition, get associated
> with the reputation of that MTA.  This is what you call "a broad brush".

A reputation service spends most of their efforts ensuring information. 
Using the IP address makes this process rather straight forward.  Using an
authenticated EHLO name follows the same model and directly identifies
those sending the messages.  To suggest that because the EHLO domain was
not considered, means a reputation service can safely hold entities
accountable for the action of others will not have much sway.  Again, this
is not a trivial matter.

-Doug



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep 11 16:15:42 2004
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In <46385749-041C-11D9-B751-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> 3) On the issue of ignoring patent claims, the working group has at
> least rough consensus that the patent claims should not be ignored.
> Additionally, there is at least rough consensus that the participants
> of the working group cannot accurately describe the specific claims of
> the patent application. This stems from the fact that the patent
> application is not publicly available.

Agreed.

>                                         Given this, it is the opinion
> of the co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate
> algorithms reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.

Uh, can you give an example of an alternative algorithm to the PRA
that has been discussed that might be "reasonably thought to be
covered by the PRA patent"?   I can't think of any.

As per RFC3668, which all participants of this mailing list are
supposed to comply with, if we start creating an alternative that does
happen to be covered by any IPR of any other participant, we will
learn about such encumbrance.

See:
http://www.ietf.org/NOTEWELL.html
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3668.txt

So, while I agree that we shouldn't try to create a standard that we
know is encumbered, isn't this pretty much what we have been trying to
do already?


> With regard to items 3 and 4 above, it is also the opinion of the
> co-chairs that any attempt by the MARID working group to define any
> new scopes other than "mailfrom" and "pra" for the SPF syntax will at
> this time result in failure to find consensus within the working group.

It is the opinion of this participant that the pra scope will not
reach consensus due in large part to the patent mess, whether there is
a mailfrom scope or not.

It is the opinion of this participant that the mailfrom scope will not
reach consensus. unless it also allows for the helo scope to be
checked and thus be compatible with SPF-classic.  SPF-classic is the
current defacto standard and I think standardizing existing practice
is the easiest way to reach a consensus.


>                                         This work plan does not
> include scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion
> that no new work items of this type should be considered until MARID
> has successfully produced a first specification.

Given this work plan, I do not expect this working group to ever
produce a first specification.   *very heavy sigh*


-wayne




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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 21:58:00 +0200
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
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On Sat, Sep 11, 2004 at 01:59:06PM -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> The document authors have agreed to producing new drafts intended to 
> meet the chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the 
> appropriate diffs will be forthcoming.  This work plan does not include 
> scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion that no 
> new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
> successfully produced a first specification.


Is there any (estimated) timeline?


Hadmut



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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Andrew Newton wrote:

| 3) On the issue of ignoring patent claims, the working group has at
| least rough consensus that the patent claims should not be ignored.
| Additionally, there is at least rough consensus that the participants of
| the working group cannot accurately describe the specific claims of the
| patent application. This stems from the fact that the patent application
| is not publicly available.  Given this, it is the opinion of the
| co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate algorithms
| reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.  We do feel
| that future changes regarding the patent claim or its associated license
| could significantly change the consensus of the working group, and at
| such a time it would be appropriate to consider new work of this type.

I have to ask because it appears to me that you have left this somewhat
nebulous.

Does this mean that the PRA (with it's encumbrance) is being accepted as
a part of the MARID specification?

If so I do not know what in the world you could have been reading to
draw the conclusion that there was "rough concensus" to go forward with it!

- --
csm@moongroup.com, head geek
http://moongroup.com
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From: Guillaume Filion <gfk@logidac.com>
Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
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Andrew Newton wrote:
> [I]t is the opinion of the 
> co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate algorithms 
> reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.  We do feel 
> that future changes regarding the patent claim or its associated license 
> could significantly change the consensus of the working group, and at 
> such a time it would be appropriate to consider new work of this type.

I'm not sure if I get this right, and by reading the replies it seems 
that we can't reach consensus of what you mean. hihihi

Reading point 3, I understand that the MARID co-chairs seek an 
alternate, encumbered algorithm to replace the PRA algorithm. Is this 
correct?

Regards,
GFK's
-- 
Guillaume Filion, ing. jr
Logidac Tech., Beaumont, Québec, Canada - http://logidac.com/
PGP Key and more: http://guillaume.filion.org/



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sat, 11 Sep 2004 11:47:59 PDT."
             <1118.64.142.13.68.1094928479.squirrel@harry.mail-abuse.org> 
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"Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> A DNS check that obtains a list of addresses for a mailbox-domain, MUST
> assume channel integrity when holding the apparent originator of the
> message accountable.

  What channel?  The only parties involved are:

  a) SMTP client
  b) SMTP server
  c) DNS server being queried

  The DNS server may return one, or a billion IP's "permitted" to send
MAIL FROM with it's name.  Any particular message may have traversed
zero, or a billion intermediate SMTP hops before arriving at the
current SMTP client, and being sent to the SMTP server.

  I fail to see how any party other than the three listed above could
possibly be involved in "MAIL FROM" DNS checks.  There is no "channel"
beyond the current hop, which can be verified to exist.

> Due to forwarding issues, expect many lists to be left "open" to allow
> other unknown domains to forward messages.

  As has been noted here, as elsewhere, users affected by forwarding
issues are a very, very small percentage of people on the net.  As a
result, the reasonable expectation is that very few domains will have
"open" or permissive records.

> There are clearly two steps needed, but these two steps have been
> collapsed into a one very broken step with SPF or Sender-ID.
> 
> Step 1: Authenticate the MTA EHLO name.
> Step 2: Compare the mailbox-domain/EHLO list to this name.

  I'm not sure what you mean by the second step.

> One can not defend assumptions of accountable entities by suggesting
> the mail channel is "defined" to have integrity.

  You're not addressing my scenario, or my reasons for my position.
You're just labelling my position as based on "assumptions", and
therefore any "definition" I come up with is, in your opinion, defined
to be indefensible.

> Listing a name and blocking their mail because you don't care which entity
> actually caused the message to be sent is also... not nice.

  Which is why I didn't say that.  Please don't accuse me of saying "I
don't care", it's rude and insulting.  My position, if you had read my
messages, is that IF the recipient cannot tell the difference between
"good" and "bad" originators, then he MUST treat them as identical.
Because, by definition, he has no information by which to distinguish
them.

  Unless.. do you have a way for the recipient to treat "good" and
"bad" originaters differently, in the absence of any data which can be
used to distinguish them?  If you do, I would be... surprised.

> What entity should be held accountable?  The entity authenticated as
> sending the mail, or the mailbox-domain that authorized the mail to be
> sent?

  Each has a different role, therefore their accountability should be
different.

>  Obtaining an authorization is not the same as authentication of the
> acting entity.

  I'm not sure how that applies to the issues on this list.

  An SMTP server can obtain authentication information from a DNS
server for an SMTP client, and use that information to authorize the
client.  If there's no authentication information available, then the
SMTP server cannot use that information to authorize the user.

> > MAIL FROM and EHLO based checks are identical in security.
> 
> These checks are not the same.

  Which is why I didn't say they were the same.

>  You are devising a system that requires mailbox-domains authorize
> other domains to send their mail.

  No.  "domains" don't send mail.  SMTP clients send mail, and use
domain names in fields in SMTP.  The difference is crucial.  SMTP
clients can be correlated to domain names via:

  - rDNS
  - EHLO
  - MAIL FROM

  And not much else.  Because there is no easily available mapping of
"domain" to SMTP client, other than those fields, SMTP servers cannot
use anything other than those fields to tie the SMTP client to a
domain name.  So talking about "authorizing domains" is a
misconception.  SMTP clients are authorized, nothing else can be.

> If the sending MTA EHLO name is authenticated and authorized by the
> EHLO domain, then it does not matter what mailbox-domain is sent,
> this EHLO entity can be safely held accountable for the MTA actions.

  How?  In contrast, by checking MAIL FROM, you can at least have some
confidence that a bounce path exists, and any errant message will be
accepted by the originator.

> >   If someone can't tell the difference between two things, then it
> > MUST treat the two things as identical.
> 
> But these things can be identified by an authenticated EHLO name.  They
> MUST NOT be treated as identical.

  If two domains use the same MTA, which uses only one authenticate
EHLO name, then by your definition, only the domain in EHLO can be
held accountable, and all recipients must therefore treat the two
domains identically.

  Hmm... have I used your definitions to prove my point?

> A reputation service spends most of their efforts ensuring information. 
> Using the IP address makes this process rather straight forward.  Using an
> authenticated EHLO name follows the same model and directly identifies
> those sending the messages.

  It authenticates the MTA sending the messages, which is a little
different.

>  To suggest that because the EHLO domain was not considered, means a
> reputation service can safely hold entities accountable for the
> action of others will not have much sway.

  It's not unreasonable to hold multiple parties accountable for a
message.  ISP's are already holding other ISP's responsible for the
actions of their customers.  It's not unreasonable to use MAIL FROM
accountability in addition to EHLO.

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep 11 17:54:40 2004
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From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers
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On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, Sauer, Damon wrote:

> <snip>
> > > Dean,
> > > 
> > >  You are missing where this is a GOOD thing. We WANT 
> > spammers to use 
> > > SPF. This will allow us to identify, publish, process, 
> > shred, pillage, 
> > > burn, destroy the IP addresses that this stuff is coming 
> > from. Nobody 
> > > is doing less stringent processing of the email that passes an SPF 
> > > check. It just makes it easier to block when identified.
> > 
> > SPF doesn't make it easier to identify spammers.  
> > 
> <snip>
> 
>  I didn't say it did. How I identify the IP as a spammer is up to my
> other processes. What it DOES do is allow me to make a informed decision
> on whether or not to block that IP. (I am not sure how many different
> ways I can try to explain this fact but here is another one)

But SPF doesn't allow you to make any 'informed decision'. Your 'other 
processes' do that.  SPF doesn't enter into it at all.


>  Only people that don't understand what SPF actually does say that SPF
> blocks spam. 

I agree.  SPF fails to block spam.

> Now I do know that pobox has said something to this effect,
> but it is my belief that they were writing that statement with the
> end-user in mind. Basically, never mind HOW it blocks spam, just that it
> will. It is up to the system admins and programmers to determine the
> HOW.

???  Just have blind faith that it works???  We did this back in 1997 and
many times since then. The blind faith didn't work then, nor did the
anti-spam schemes. Thats why schemes are being held to more exacting
standards of proof of effectiveness this time, and if the scheme isn't
proven effective, then we aren't interested in giving up those things
(such as unbundling email services) that are required for this scheme,
because it doesn't work, and we aren't interested in any more expensive
and large scale proofs of failure.

> If someone of intellect higher than your average bumblebee can't see
> where being able to prevent domain forgery is a good thing and being
> able to put an IP address to a real domain is a great thing.... Then
> bumblebees may eventually rule the world.

Preventing domain forgery will have no effect on anything, and having no
effect, it can't be good or bad. Well, it can be bad if it has some other
detrimental effect, such as interfering with unbundled services, which is
the case here.

Secondly, and more to the point, I think, is that SPF doesn't prevent 
email address forgery, which is its //specific goal//.

We can already associate an IP address with a domain via MX and A records.  
However, these checks aren't valid except to show that domain //can// 
receive email. We already know through experience that many more servers 
might validly send email from that domain.

		--Dean



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The IETF MARID WG co-chair wrote:

>> Given this, it is the opinion of the co-chairs that MARID should not
>> undertake work on alternate algorithms reasonably thought to be
>> covered by the patent application.
 
wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> writes:

> Uh, can you give an example of an alternative algorithm to the PRA
> that has been discussed that might be "reasonably thought to be
> covered by the PRA patent"?   I can't think of any.
> 
> As per RFC3668, which all participants of this mailing list are
> supposed to comply with, if we start creating an alternative that does
> happen to be covered by any IPR of any other participant, we will
> learn about such encumbrance.
> 
> See:
> http://www.ietf.org/NOTEWELL.html
> http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3668.txt
> 
> So, while I agree that we shouldn't try to create a standard that we
> know is encumbered, isn't this pretty much what we have been trying to
> do already?

I would also like to hear the answers to Wayne's above questions.
(I agree with the point he is trying to make.)

> It is the opinion of this participant that the pra scope will not
> reach consensus due in large part to the patent mess, whether there is
> a mailfrom scope or not.

Agreed.  If "mailfrom" is the only other scope, then I suspect Apache
SpamAssassin, Apache James, and perhaps other open source
implementations will wholly reject Sender ID.

Maybe that's what some people want.  I'm perplexed by this whole
direction.
 
> It is the opinion of this participant that the mailfrom scope will not
> reach consensus. unless it also allows for the helo scope to be
> checked and thus be compatible with SPF-classic.  SPF-classic is the
> current defacto standard and I think standardizing existing practice
> is the easiest way to reach a consensus.

Agreed, a "helo" scope should be explored.
 
> Given this work plan, I do not expect this working group to ever
> produce a first specification.   *very heavy sigh*

I disagree with this.  I think we might produce a specification that
will be largely ignored or succeed in handing a major part of the
internet to anyone who brings patented technology into IETF standards.
I don't mean to be inflammatory, but those are the only two *likely*
outcomes I can see for the current plan:

  - the specification doesn't happen or is ignored
  - email authentication is owned by (the patent holder) since (the
    patent holder) can change the revocable patent license in the future

It's *possible* the patent(s) will not be granted, but I prefer to avoid
relying on things outside of my control as much as possible.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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On Sat, Sep 11, 2004 at 02:48:14PM -0700, Daniel Quinlan wrote:
> 
> Agreed.  If "mailfrom" is the only other scope, then I suspect Apache
> SpamAssassin, Apache James, and perhaps other open source
> implementations will wholly reject Sender ID.
> 
> Maybe that's what some people want.  I'm perplexed by this whole
> direction.
>  
> > It is the opinion of this participant that the mailfrom scope will not
> > reach consensus. unless it also allows for the helo scope to be
> > checked and thus be compatible with SPF-classic.  SPF-classic is the
> > current defacto standard and I think standardizing existing practice
> > is the easiest way to reach a consensus.
> 
> Agreed, a "helo" scope should be explored.

Given that we're treading down this path, I'm wondering if it wouldn't
be best to specify a range of scopes that cover the major elements of
information supplied in both RFC2821 RFC2822.  Then, if people wish to
combine certain scopes in particular ways to provide unique solutions,
and/or wish to patent these approaches, that's up to them.  The 
documents would become references for what should be checked, and how.

However, at that point, I think we'd be writing best practices for
RFC2821 and RFC2822 checking for various types of abuse: spam,
joe-jobbing, etc., as well as specifying mechanisms that aid in these
"atomic" information checks.



-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:

> 
> > From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
> 
> (Sorry if I got the attribution wrong - confusing bad quoting and
> top-posting going on)
> 
> > It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced
> > filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
> 
> On its own - no.
> 
> Fortunately, it's not what they're doing - they're using SPF for
> exactly what it was intended - as part of their reputation system.
> They use SPF to confirm that a mail purporting to come from an
> organisation on their whitelist is not forged.
> 
> Domain on whitelist + SPF Pass = less filtering.

This is exactly what I said. And this is a bad idea for the reasons I 
posited.

		--Dean



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On Sat, Sep 11, 2004 at 06:11:07PM -0400, Dean Anderson wrote:
> 
> Their website is clear. And their use amounts to less stringent checking
> for those using SPF, which is bad for the reasons I stated.  And I might
> add that this explains why spammers have quickly adopted SPF.
> 

Combine beahvior-based reputataion systems with SPF queries, and you
acquire a fairly useful aggregation tool for reputation scores.
In this manner, spammers adopting SPF can be a good thing.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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On Sat, 11 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:

> 
> "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > A DNS check that obtains a list of addresses for a mailbox-domain, MUST
> > assume channel integrity when holding the apparent originator of the
> > message accountable.
> 
>   What channel?  The only parties involved are:
> 
>   a) SMTP client
>   b) SMTP server
>   c) DNS server being queried

I think he is refering to the channel referenced by information theory
(guessing by the previous reference to Lampson's covert channel paper).
This could refer to the complete path through the communication system, or
it could refer to a single hop in a multihop system.

Further, you've oversimplified the parties involved:

	The end user, 
	optionally a third party relay [one or more]
		(because connection and mail services may be unbundled)
	The mailbox provider (where responses will go)
	The Mailbox provider nameservers
	The recipient mail server [one or more]
	The recipient nameservers
	The chain of nameservers between the recipient, root, and mailbox 
provider.

At any point spoofing could occur.

Going back to my spam examination where you are examining a spam message:
Suppose the IP address in the received from header no longer matches the
SPF records:  In this case you don't know if your SPF check passed because
DNS records were spoofed, or if the real DNS records were changed.  All 
you know is that you got a spam from a certain IP address.  You don't know 
whether it was forged or not.

Suppose the IP address in the recieved header does match the SPF records. 
You don't know if the abuser signed up for an account with that domain, or 
if they got an infected machine under that domain.  You don't know whether 
the nameserver was cracked, and incorrect records added. Most people can't 
tell the difference between a poisoned DNS cache and whether the records 
really come from an authoritative nameserver or even figure out where they 
got the DNS record from.   So, similarly, all you really know is that you 
got a spam from a certain IP address.

In both cases, all that can be done is report the incident to the operator 
of the domain and the operator of the IP address.  And that's all that can 
be done now. THERE IS NO CHANGE.

SPF doesn't prevent email forgery, nor even indicate whether forgery
happened.

>   The DNS server may return one, or a billion IP's "permitted" to send
> MAIL FROM with it's name.  Any particular message may have traversed
> zero, or a billion intermediate SMTP hops before arriving at the
> current SMTP client, and being sent to the SMTP server.
> 
>   I fail to see how any party other than the three listed above could
> possibly be involved in "MAIL FROM" DNS checks.  There is no "channel"
> beyond the current hop, which can be verified to exist.

The current hop cannot be "verified to exist" beyond the TCP sequence 
numbers. There is no way to tell that the mail isn't forged.  Even if 
email comes from a certain server, there is still no way to tell that the 
mail isn't forged.  <user>@aol.com coming from an AOL mailserver doesn't 
mean that it really came from <user> Spammers can get accounts at AOL. 
Spammers can steal accounts at AOL by a number of vectors such as viruses.

And what's more, from outside of AOL we can't be sure that AOL isn't
pink-contracting with spammers.

The notion of "spam-herding" is just so much wishful thinking.




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On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Michael Hammer wrote:

> 
> It might be useful if people checked their facts before using rumor or
> secondhand reports as the basis of posting to the lsit.
> 
> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004 10:58:34 -0400 (EDT), Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> > 
> > Isn't that what I said would happen?
> > 
> >                --Dean
> > 
> 
> > It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced
> > filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
> > 
> 
> Please visit: http://postmaster.aol.com/spf/
> 
> AOL has NOT said they will do less stringent checking if you publish
> an SPF record. What they have said is that in order to remain on their
> whitelist (assuming you meet all of the other requirements) you must
> publish SPF records.
> 
> I think their website is pretty clear.


Their website is clear. And their use amounts to less stringent checking
for those using SPF, which is bad for the reasons I stated.  And I might
add that this explains why spammers have quickly adopted SPF.

		--Dean



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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of
 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
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On Sat, 11 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> The following is the judgment of the co-chairs relating to consensus 
> within the MARID working group during the last call period of 
> 23-August-2004 through 10-September-2004.
> 
> 1) On the issue of using a DNS name prefix, there is at least rough 
> consensus that no prefix should be used.
I'm not sure there was rought consensus on this. I'll try to calculate 
number of posts for and against and post results, but unless I'm mistaken 
it was equal! I've privately made recomendation to co-chairs on this
issue that it would be appropriate to ask official opinion of dns expert 
(meaning WG tech advisor on dns issues) and in fact co-chairs privately
also agree that it is a good idea; it is unfortunete that they know 
decided the issue on their own without the expert opinion or clear
consensus from the WG.
 
> 2) On the issue of compliance with the use of the TXT record, the 
> working group has at least rough consensus that TXT usage is acceptable 
> for compliance and should not be specified as a configuration that will 
> be non-compliant.  However, there is at least rough consensus that the 
> use of the SPF-specific record type is more desirable than the use of a 
> TXT record type.  It is the opinion of the co-chairs that the -protocol 
> document clearly state that the usage of TXT records will most likely 
> be deprecated by future protocol definition.
Yes, it seems that most opinions expressed were comparable to above.
There does seem rough consensus on this.

> 3) On the issue of ignoring patent claims, the working group has at 
> least rough consensus that the patent claims should not be ignored.  
Actually I have not seen rough consensus that patent claims should not be 
ignored, but I don't think there was consensus that they should be ignored 
either (not until we can read the actual patent), so we're still in limbo.

> Additionally, there is at least rough consensus that the participants 
> of the working group cannot accurately describe the specific claims of 
> the patent application. This stems from the fact that the patent 
> application is not publicly available. Given this, it is the opinion 
> of the co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate 
> algorithms reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.  
On this I STRONGLY disagree.  I believe there was in fact consensus that
we should work on alternative to PRA that is not covered by patent. 

I also note that in light of that we do not know what exactly patent said,
nobody can not make a judgement call that any alternative would be covered
by patent. In fact if we do work on alternative and it turns out to be 
covered by patent we'll know it because there would be another IPR 
disclosure as this is in fact appropriate way to describe patent claims.

I'll publicly say that I'll ignore chairs recomendation that we do not 
work on alternatives to PRA because I believe based on opinion expressed
by the large number of members of this WG that PRA would not reach consensus
of this WG to proceed to be a standard unless we provide an alternative that
does not have licensing limitations.

> We do feel that future changes regarding the patent claim or its 
> associated license could significantly change the consensus of the 
> working group, and at such a time it would be appropriate to consider 
> new work of this type.
Actually there was some consensus that changes to the license may lead to 
rough consensus on PRA, so at such time if changes are done we should 
consider it, but NOT the other way around!
 
> 4) On the issue of the ABNF in section 3.4.1 of -protocol and multiple 
> scopes, there is at least rough consensus to allow the syntax and 
> record structure to support multiple scopes.
Yes.
 
> With regard to items 3 and 4 above, it is also the opinion of the 
> co-chairs that any attempt by the MARID working group to define any new 
> scopes other than "mailfrom" and "pra" for the SPF syntax will at this 
> time result in failure to find consensus within the working group.
I do not see how you can make this judgement without actually seeing what 
alternatives are.
 
> The document authors have agreed to producing new drafts intended to 
> meet the chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the 
> appropriate diffs will be forthcoming.  This work plan does not include 
> scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion that no 
> new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
> successfully produced a first specification.
I'm going to disagree and work on alternatives, because I believe this WG
will be unable to produce specification on PRA scope in its current form.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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On Sat, Sep 11, 2004 at 05:32:44PM -0400, Dean Anderson wrote:

> Preventing domain forgery will have no effect on anything

Excuse me ???  If _you_ would check _my_ SPF record, I will not
receive _your_ out-of-office reply because _someone_else_ sent mail
to _you_ using _my_ address.

Because you are being stubborn, _I_ have to suffer.

> We can already associate an IP address with a domain via MX and A records.  
> However, these checks aren't valid except to show that domain //can// 
> receive email. We already know through experience that many more servers 
> might validly send email from that domain.

Indeed.  MX or A define what addresses will _receive_ email.  And SPF
defines what addresses are allowed to _send_ email.  Excellent point,
but in favour of the opposite of what you are trying to defend.

Alex



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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of
 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
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It seems I made a mistake and did not notice that chairs did not say that 
we should not work alternatives AT ALL but said that we should not work 
on alternatives that WOULD BE covered by patent application.

The above is appropriate, however I note that chairs said that we should 
not work on alernatives that "reasonably thought to be covered by the 
patent application". My objection still stands that in itself is
meaningless because we'll know if alernative is covered when there 
would be another IPR disclosure as it relates to such possible alernative 
draft. Until there is one, we can not reasonable be expected to know what 
would be covered by patent application because we have not seen one!

On Sat, 11 Sep 2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> > 3) On the issue of ignoring patent claims, the working group has at 
> > least rough consensus that the patent claims should not be ignored.  
> Actually I have not seen rough consensus that patent claims should not be 
> ignored, but I don't think there was consensus that they should be ignored 
> either (not until we can read the actual patent), so we're still in limbo.
> 
> > Additionally, there is at least rough consensus that the participants 
> > of the working group cannot accurately describe the specific claims of 
> > the patent application. This stems from the fact that the patent 
> > application is not publicly available. Given this, it is the opinion 
> > of the co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate 
> > algorithms reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.  
> On this I STRONGLY disagree.  I believe there was in fact consensus that
> we should work on alternative to PRA that is not covered by patent. 
> 
> I also note that in light of that we do not know what exactly patent said,
> nobody can not make a judgement call that any alternative would be covered
> by patent. In fact if we do work on alternative and it turns out to be 
> covered by patent we'll know it because there would be another IPR 
> disclosure as this is in fact appropriate way to describe patent claims.
> 
> I'll publicly say that I'll ignore chairs recomendation that we do not 
> work on alternatives to PRA because I believe based on opinion expressed
> by the large number of members of this WG that PRA would not reach consensus
> of this WG to proceed to be a standard unless we provide an alternative that
> does not have licensing limitations. 

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/




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Congratulations to the chairs for your work on a contentious subject.
I think you mostly got it right.

> The following is the judgment of the co-chairs relating to consensus 
> within the MARID working group during the last call period of 
> 23-August-2004 through 10-September-2004.
>
> [...]
>
> With regard to items 3 and 4 above, it is also the opinion of the 
> co-chairs that any attempt by the MARID working group to define any new 
> scopes other than "mailfrom" and "pra" for the SPF syntax will at this 
> time result in failure to find consensus within the working group.

This is the troublesome part.  I think everyone agrees on "mailfrom",
but not on "pra".  Also, what happened to "helo"?

> The document authors have agreed to producing new drafts intended to 
> meet the chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the 
> appropriate diffs will be forthcoming.  This work plan does not include 
> scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion that no 
> new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
> successfully produced a first specification.
>
> -MARID co-chairs
>
Despite my nitpicking, thanks for this sign of forward progress.
-- George Mitchell



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Andrew Newton wrote:
> 
> 3) On the issue of ignoring patent claims, the working group has at 
> least rough consensus that the patent claims should not be ignored.  
> Additionally, there is at least rough consensus that the participants of 
> the working group cannot accurately describe the specific claims of the 
> patent application. This stems from the fact that the patent application 
> is not publicly available.  Given this, it is the opinion of the 
> co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate algorithms 
> reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.  We do feel 
> that future changes regarding the patent claim or its associated license 
> could significantly change the consensus of the working group, and at 
> such a time it would be appropriate to consider new work of this type.
> 

Are you referring to fetchmail and similar attempts?

...

> 
> With regard to items 3 and 4 above, it is also the opinion of the 
> co-chairs that any attempt by the MARID working group to define any new 
> scopes other than "mailfrom" and "pra" for the SPF syntax will at this 
> time result in failure to find consensus within the working group.
> 
> The document authors have agreed to producing new drafts intended to 
> meet the chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the 
> appropriate diffs will be forthcoming.  This work plan does not include 
> scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion that no 
> new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
> successfully produced a first specification.
> 

Andy,

Does this mean that the PRA scope can proceed?

Yakov



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Since the SPFv1 records were deployed with the understanding that they
would be used for HELO and MAIL FROM scopes, will "v=spf1" be
interpreted as equivalent to "spf2.0/helo,mailfrom"?


It certainly would be nice to be able to get a jump-start using the
tens of thousands of deployed SPFv1 records.


-wayne



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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: What the lawyers and suits think  (was e: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004)
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All,

This post to the list has been rolling around in the back of my mind 
for a few days.  I hope that you will find it useful, or at least 
interesting, and I hope that it is appropriate to this discussion.

I'm piggy-backing it on to this below post, because I wanted to respond 
to it, and it is related:

> It seems I made a mistake and did not notice that chairs did not say 
> that
> we should not work alternatives AT ALL but said that we should not work
> on alternatives that WOULD BE covered by patent application.
>
> The above is appropriate, however I note that chairs said that we 
> should
> not work on alernatives that "reasonably thought to be covered by the
> patent application". My objection still stands that in itself is
> meaningless because we'll know if alernative is covered when there
> would be another IPR disclosure as it relates to such possible 
> alernative
> draft. Until there is one, we can not reasonable be expected to know 
> what
> would be covered by patent application because we have not seen one!

Reading this with my lawyer, geek, and lawyer geek hats on, I take this 
to mean "reasonably given what we do know or suspect of the patent".  
To take it to the extreme for the sake of example, it would be 
reasonable to believe that an exact Sender I.D. clone would be covered 
by the patent.  It would not be reasonable to think that an elephant 
would be covered by the patent. Somewhere between the range of 
"elephant" and "exact clone" there are things on which one might focus 
which one could reasonably imagine would probably be covered by the 
undisclosed patent to the extent that we may imagine what is in it.

I want to take a moment now to explain to those of you who may not 
know, exactly how lawyers and corporate suits in general look at the 
sorts of people who take part in working groups such as these, and in 
particular how they look at their (i.e. your) concerns.  Note that I am 
*not* speaking of MS' lawyers or suits in particular (and I couldn't, 
as I have not discussed these things with them) - I am speaking from 
years of my own experience.

First, there are _very_ few lawyers who are also geeks *and* who also 
*grok* email issues on a substantive technical level in general, and 
spam issues in particular.  I am one of fewer than I can count on the 
fingers of both hands, and then *only* because Paul Vixie took me 
in-house at MAPS way back when, and took me under his wing, and so 
under his patient tutelage I came to understand way more than I even 
knew there *was* to know about the issues and inner workings of the 
processes.

For the most part, lawyers and corporate executives (most especially 
the lawyers) think of you guys as very smart, driven, but slightly 
strange and obsessed people who work down in the email boiler room - 
they want you to make the things work, but your concerns carry about as 
much weight with them as an assembly line worker's concerns carry with 
the lawyers and execs over at General Motors.   Don't believe me?  Ask 
Paul, who I think will confirm that lawyers' and corporate executives' 
world views of these issues *rarely even focus on the same things*, let 
alone come to a confluence of opinions, as those of the people who are 
actually driving the email systems.

Your concerns have almost *nothing* to do with the running of a 
corporation or the furthering of its corporate objectives.  Your 
objectives are _not_ their objectives - they rarely cross - they aren't 
even parallel -  in fact they are on completely different planes.  
Think about it - you here are focused on solving a problem - they are 
focused on creating a product, and on protecting their client's 
corporate interests.

I would posit that this is the reason that you have very dedicated 
people here like Harry Katz who are sincerely and ferverently working 
on a solution, and that isn't at all at odds with the issues coming 
from the lawyers and suits at the same company.  The people upstairs 
don't speak your language.  They don't share your concerns.  They don't 
have the same focus.  Had I been in their position, say, ten years ago, 
I'd have been the same - I'd have been saying "those email geeks want 
us to do *what*?  That's not how it works up here in the *real* world."

The irony, of course, in all of this, is that it is those very same 
email geeks on who adoption of _any_ standard relies.  Oh sure, it's 
very clever to get several major bulk email senders to agree to a 
standard - but at the end of the day it doesn't matter, because it is 
the email *receivers*, not the email senders, whose adoption will make 
or break any proposed standard.  Every email sender on the planet can 
adopt Standard X, but if no receivers are cuing on Standard X, then so 
what?

So the trick is to get the lawyers and the suits to realize that your 
concerns aren't just something they have to endure - they are something 
they have to satisfy.

Anne





From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep 12 02:19:50 2004
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To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
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Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004, Michael Hammer wrote:
>
>>
>> It might be useful if people checked their facts before using rumor
>> or secondhand reports as the basis of posting to the lsit.
>>
>> On Thu, 9 Sep 2004 10:58:34 -0400 (EDT), Dean Anderson
>> <dean@av8.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> Isn't that what I said would happen?
>>>
>>>                --Dean
>>>
>>
>>> It has been reported that AOL is already using SPF to give reduced
>>> filtering to SPF-using domains. Is this a good idea?
>>>
>>
>> Please visit: http://postmaster.aol.com/spf/
>>
>> AOL has NOT said they will do less stringent checking if you publish
>> an SPF record. What they have said is that in order to remain on
>> their whitelist (assuming you meet all of the other requirements)
>> you must publish SPF records.
>>
>> I think their website is pretty clear.
>
>
> Their website is clear. And their use amounts to less stringent
> checking for those using SPF, which is bad for the reasons I stated.
> And I might add that this explains why spammers have quickly adopted
> SPF.

But AOL won't have spammers on their whitelist. The only domains for which
an SPF Pass means less filtering are those which are pre-whitelisted. And
SPF will ensure that mail which appears to be from those domains isn't
forged.

What's your problem with this? It's using SPF for exactly what it was
intended, and the fact that spammers publish SPF will have no effect on it
at all.

Peter



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep 12 02:27:10 2004
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Date: Sat, 11 Sep 2004 23:02:47 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
From: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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"Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org> wrote:
> "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
>
>> A DNS check that obtains a list of addresses for a mailbox-domain, MUST
>> assume channel integrity when holding the apparent originator of the
>> message accountable.
>
> What channel?  The only parties involved are:
>  a) SMTP client
>  b) SMTP server
>  c) DNS server being queried

The MAIL FROM mailbox-domain was passed through the mail channel, for
messages not originating at the SMTP client.  This is normally the case
for the SMTP client performing public delivery.  This adds at least an
additional SMTP client/server pair.

>   The DNS server may return one, or a billion IP's "permitted" to send
> MAIL FROM with it's name.  Any particular message may have traversed
> zero, or a billion intermediate SMTP hops before arriving at the
> current SMTP client, and being sent to the SMTP server.
>
>   I fail to see how any party other than the three listed above could
> possibly be involved in "MAIL FROM" DNS checks.  There is no "channel"
> beyond the current hop, which can be verified to exist.

For accountability based upon the mailbox-domain, each hop is involved
passing this identity through the mail channel.  Holding the administrator
of the mailbox-domain accountable would be ignoring the complexity of the
mail channel, and the potential change of validation status moving from
hop to hop.  Publishing an SPF record is not tantamount to a contract
accepting accountability for all published addresses.

>> Due to forwarding issues, expect many lists to be left "open" to allow
>> other unknown domains to forward messages.
>
>   As has been noted here, as elsewhere, users affected by forwarding
> issues are a very, very small percentage of people on the net.  As a
> result, the reasonable expectation is that very few domains will have
> "open" or permissive records.

While it may be a small percentage of users forward mail or use a type of
list server, this generalization must not be applied to the mailbox
domain, as there are typically many users per domain.  SPF records are not
typically user based, but are domain based.  There will be expensive
support issues caused by closing these records.

>> There are clearly two steps needed, but these two steps have been
>> collapsed into a one very broken step with SPF or Sender-ID.
>>
>> Step 1: Authenticate the MTA EHLO name.
>> Step 2: Compare the mailbox-domain/EHLO list to this name.
>
>   I'm not sure what you mean by the second step.

First, authenticate the name of the MTA.  Second, check against list of
MTA names referenced by the mailbox-domain for a match.  See the marid-mpr
draft for more details.  This list is obtained using a single DNS lookup,
unlike SPF which may require dozens or hundreds of sequential lookups. 
This list can safely be declared "nominal" without being used as an
authorization exploit, as with SPF.  Depending upon the nature of the
list, comprehensive or nominal, the message can be rejected at the MTA or
"colored" at the MUA respectively.  If the message was abusive, the MTA
and NOT the mailbox-domain MUST be held accountable.

>> One can not defend assumptions of accountable entities by suggesting
>> the mail channel is "defined" to have integrity.
>
>   You're not addressing my scenario, or my reasons for my position.
> You're just labelling my position as based on "assumptions", and
> therefore any "definition" I come up with is, in your opinion, defined
> to be indefensible.

I am not attempting to dodge your scenario.  I do not agree you have
adequately described the situation or considered risks involved making
negative assessments against a name.

>> Listing a name and blocking their mail because you don't care which
>> entity actually caused the message to be sent is also... not nice.
>
>   Which is why I didn't say that.  Please don't accuse me of saying "I
> don't care", it's rude and insulting.  My position, if you had read my
> messages, is that IF the recipient cannot tell the difference between
> "good" and "bad" originators, then he MUST treat them as identical.
> Because, by definition, he has no information by which to distinguish
> them.

I should have said "one" does not care.  Sorry for my phrasing.  I did not
intend to be rude.  I would hope the goal of the MARID group would be to
provide a method that accurately distinguishes those accountable for
abusive actions.  Currently the group seems intent upon skipping a vital
step.

>   Unless.. do you have a way for the recipient to treat "good" and
> "bad" originaters differently, in the absence of any data which can be
> used to distinguish them?  If you do, I would be... surprised.

Except for the case where the mailbox-domain referenced a comprehensive
list and could not match the MTA name for authorization, no other
assertions are safe.  The concept of good and bad should be reserved for
reputations of the MTA name.

>> What entity should be held accountable?  The entity authenticated as
>> sending the mail, or the mailbox-domain that authorized the mail to be
>> sent?
>
>   Each has a different role, therefore their accountability should be
> different.

Yes, but with respect to a reputation service, only the MTA name may be
safely assessed.

>>  Obtaining an authorization is not the same as authentication of the
>> acting entity.
>
>   I'm not sure how that applies to the issues on this list.
>
>   An SMTP server can obtain authentication information from a DNS
> server for an SMTP client, and use that information to authorize the
> client.

The client MUST be authenticated and the authorization validated when
holding the MTA name accountable and asserting a reputation for the MTA
name.  A message (or message action) authorization is not sufficient to
hold the mailbox-domain accountable and asserting a reputation for the
mailbox domain.

>  If there's no authentication information available, then the
> SMTP server cannot use that information to authorize the user.

The alternative becomes an IP address blacklist.

>> > MAIL FROM and EHLO based checks are identical in security.
>>
>> These checks are not the same.
>
>   Which is why I didn't say they were the same.

You seem to suggest the MAIL FROM and EHLO identities are equally strong. 
They are not.

>>  You are devising a system that requires mailbox-domains authorize
>> other domains to send their mail.
>
>   No.  "domains" don't send mail.  SMTP clients send mail, and use
> domain names in fields in SMTP.  The difference is crucial.  SMTP
> clients can be correlated to domain names via:
>
>   - rDNS
>   - EHLO
>   - MAIL FROM

I don't wish to get bogged down in semantics and protocol details. The
MAIL FROM name may not correlate to the to entity accountable for the
actions of the MTA.

>   And not much else.  Because there is no easily available mapping of
> "domain" to SMTP client, other than those fields, SMTP servers cannot
> use anything other than those fields to tie the SMTP client to a
> domain name.  So talking about "authorizing domains" is a
> misconception.  SMTP clients are authorized, nothing else can be.

Forgive my generalizations that failed to include the protocol.

>> If the sending MTA EHLO name is authenticated and authorized by the
>> EHLO domain, then it does not matter what mailbox-domain is sent,
>> this EHLO entity can be safely held accountable for the MTA actions.
>
>   How?

The name of the MTA is held accountable.  A name, by any other name, is
still a name. :^)

> In contrast, by checking MAIL FROM, you can at least have some
> confidence that a bounce path exists, and any errant message will be
> accepted by the originator.

This is only true for the comprehensive list.  But this does not mean it
is safe to hold this entity accountable for the messages being sent by the
MTA.  If anything, the MTA entity (EHLO name) should come into question.

>> >   If someone can't tell the difference between two things, then it
>> > MUST treat the two things as identical.
>>
>> But these things can be identified by an authenticated EHLO name.  They
>> MUST NOT be treated as identical.
>
>   If two domains use the same MTA, which uses only one authenticate
> EHLO name, then by your definition, only the domain in EHLO can be
> held accountable, and all recipients must therefore treat the two
> domains identically.
>
>   Hmm... have I used your definitions to prove my point?

You missed the concept of what entity is safely accountable for messages
sent.  It can not be determined by the mailbox-domain.  When the name
affected by reputation services is the provider, then either this MTA is
rehabilitated, or their customers move to a different provider.  The
reputation service has not harmed the wrong party.

>> A reputation service spends most of their efforts ensuring information.
>> Using the IP address makes this process rather straight forward.  Using
>> an authenticated EHLO name follows the same model and directly identifies
>> those sending the messages.
>
>   It authenticates the MTA sending the messages, which is a little
> different.

Again, I was not including the protocol while explaining the entities
involved.

>>  To suggest that because the EHLO domain was not considered, means a
>> reputation service can safely hold entities accountable for the
>> action of others will not have much sway.
>
>   It's not unreasonable to hold multiple parties accountable for a
> message.  ISP's are already holding other ISP's responsible for the
> actions of their customers.  It's not unreasonable to use MAIL FROM
> accountability in addition to EHLO.

Reasonable will be determined by those unfairly harmed by overly broad
concepts of what a DNS record suggests.  Likely there will also be a fair
amount of painful litigation in the case of SPF or Sender-ID.

Perhaps there should be a warning in the SPF draft:

Publishing SPF records may result in a negative reputation status through
events beyond the control of the administrator.  Publishing "open" records
at your peril.

These and many other problems do not exist for CSV and MPR.  The other
potential effort. :^)

-Doug



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Subject: Re: What the lawyers and suits think  
Date: Sun, 12 Sep 2004 10:26:33 +0200
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I have to agree with Anne Mitchell's post here - I used to be a "suit", I
worked in international commerce for many years, and I can tell you all that
there is almost no compatability between the corporate need and the
technical need, and that the corporate need will always be satisfied first.
I diverge from Anne's analysis here by saying that the technical need has to
be the one that supplies an answer to the corporate need - therefore the
first requirement is to consider the corporate need(s).

Look at what the purported IPR holder was trying to do - I don't mean
technically, but commercially.  This WG is working on MTA-based
authenticated e-mail delivery. A corporation who does not have the market
share of MTA's that it thinks it should have, will do everything it can to
increase it's market share of MTA's.

I believe the co-chairs need to focus on a technical solution which does not
have any IPR issues.  They should steer the WG much more clearly away from
such solutions.



Kind regards,

John Pinkerton.
johnp@idimo.com
ICQ 313355492





----- Original Message -----
From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Sunday, September 12, 2004 7:48 AM
Subject: What the lawyers and suits think (was e: co-chair judgment of
consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004)


>
> All,
>
> This post to the list has been rolling around in the back of my mind
> for a few days.  I hope that you will find it useful, or at least
> interesting, and I hope that it is appropriate to this discussion.
>
> I'm piggy-backing it on to this below post, because I wanted to respond
> to it, and it is related:
>
> > It seems I made a mistake and did not notice that chairs did not say
> > that
> > we should not work alternatives AT ALL but said that we should not work
> > on alternatives that WOULD BE covered by patent application.
> >
> > The above is appropriate, however I note that chairs said that we
> > should
> > not work on alernatives that "reasonably thought to be covered by the
> > patent application". My objection still stands that in itself is
> > meaningless because we'll know if alernative is covered when there
> > would be another IPR disclosure as it relates to such possible
> > alernative
> > draft. Until there is one, we can not reasonable be expected to know
> > what
> > would be covered by patent application because we have not seen one!
>
> Reading this with my lawyer, geek, and lawyer geek hats on, I take this
> to mean "reasonably given what we do know or suspect of the patent".
> To take it to the extreme for the sake of example, it would be
> reasonable to believe that an exact Sender I.D. clone would be covered
> by the patent.  It would not be reasonable to think that an elephant
> would be covered by the patent. Somewhere between the range of
> "elephant" and "exact clone" there are things on which one might focus
> which one could reasonably imagine would probably be covered by the
> undisclosed patent to the extent that we may imagine what is in it.
>
> I want to take a moment now to explain to those of you who may not
> know, exactly how lawyers and corporate suits in general look at the
> sorts of people who take part in working groups such as these, and in
> particular how they look at their (i.e. your) concerns.  Note that I am
> *not* speaking of MS' lawyers or suits in particular (and I couldn't,
> as I have not discussed these things with them) - I am speaking from
> years of my own experience.
>
> First, there are _very_ few lawyers who are also geeks *and* who also
> *grok* email issues on a substantive technical level in general, and
> spam issues in particular.  I am one of fewer than I can count on the
> fingers of both hands, and then *only* because Paul Vixie took me
> in-house at MAPS way back when, and took me under his wing, and so
> under his patient tutelage I came to understand way more than I even
> knew there *was* to know about the issues and inner workings of the
> processes.
>
> For the most part, lawyers and corporate executives (most especially
> the lawyers) think of you guys as very smart, driven, but slightly
> strange and obsessed people who work down in the email boiler room -
> they want you to make the things work, but your concerns carry about as
> much weight with them as an assembly line worker's concerns carry with
> the lawyers and execs over at General Motors.   Don't believe me?  Ask
> Paul, who I think will confirm that lawyers' and corporate executives'
> world views of these issues *rarely even focus on the same things*, let
> alone come to a confluence of opinions, as those of the people who are
> actually driving the email systems.
>
> Your concerns have almost *nothing* to do with the running of a
> corporation or the furthering of its corporate objectives.  Your
> objectives are _not_ their objectives - they rarely cross - they aren't
> even parallel -  in fact they are on completely different planes.
> Think about it - you here are focused on solving a problem - they are
> focused on creating a product, and on protecting their client's
> corporate interests.
>
> I would posit that this is the reason that you have very dedicated
> people here like Harry Katz who are sincerely and ferverently working
> on a solution, and that isn't at all at odds with the issues coming
> from the lawyers and suits at the same company.  The people upstairs
> don't speak your language.  They don't share your concerns.  They don't
> have the same focus.  Had I been in their position, say, ten years ago,
> I'd have been the same - I'd have been saying "those email geeks want
> us to do *what*?  That's not how it works up here in the *real* world."
>
> The irony, of course, in all of this, is that it is those very same
> email geeks on who adoption of _any_ standard relies.  Oh sure, it's
> very clever to get several major bulk email senders to agree to a
> standard - but at the end of the day it doesn't matter, because it is
> the email *receivers*, not the email senders, whose adoption will make
> or break any proposed standard.  Every email sender on the planet can
> adopt Standard X, but if no receivers are cuing on Standard X, then so
> what?
>
> So the trick is to get the lawyers and the suits to realize that your
> concerns aren't just something they have to endure - they are something
> they have to satisfy.
>
> Anne
>
>




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep 12 09:38:32 2004
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
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"Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> The MAIL FROM mailbox-domain was passed through the mail channel

  WHAT "mail channel"?  I have described what I think of as the "mail
channel", and given reasons for my conclusions.  You haven't.

> for messages not originating at the SMTP client.

  I explained why the SMTP server cannot verifiably know that, and why
(for all practical purposes), the SMTP client is the only verifiable
originator of the message.  You haven't explained why you disagree, or
what errors (if any) exist in my message.

  Simply stating a contrary position is not an argument.

> This is normally the case for the SMTP client performing public
> delivery.  This adds at least an additional SMTP client/server pair.

  Which is effectively what I said in the paragraph below the one you
quoted, and where I explained why it didn't matter to the SMTP server.

> I am not attempting to dodge your scenario.  I do not agree you have
> adequately described the situation or considered risks involved making
> negative assessments against a name.

  The risks involved are undertaken by the mailbox-domain, when it
publishes MTA authentication records in DNS.  The scope of those risks
are defined by the documents under discussion in this group.  As for
my consideration of those risks, I've explained my reasons, and I
don't think I've seen you refute any of them.  You've just stated that
you disagreed, and then talked about your position.  That's nice, but
it doesn't give me any insight as to why you disagree with my
position, or what's wrong with my position.

> The concept of good and bad should be reserved for reputations of
> the MTA name.

  Why?  I've explained why and how MAIL FROM accountability can be
safely applied.

> A message (or message action) authorization is not sufficient to
> hold the mailbox-domain accountable and asserting a reputation for the
> mailbox domain.

  Why?  If any MAIL FROM authentication system is intended to hold a
domain accountable, then MAIL FROM authorization is perfectly valid
for holding that domain accountable.

> You seem to suggest the MAIL FROM and EHLO identities are equally strong. 
> They are not.

  Why?  And I'm not suggesting they're equally "strong", but that both
may be used, each for different purposes.  Saying "they have different
kinds of accountability" is a clear statement that one may be more, or
less, accountable than the other.

> I don't wish to get bogged down in semantics and protocol details.

  Uh... what else is there?  If we're not going to discuss the
protocols involved, then we're talking about "angels on the head of a
pin", and not doing engineering.

> The MAIL FROM name may not correlate to the to entity accountable
> for the actions of the MTA.

  And sometimes it may.  The two statements are not contradictory.
The MAIL FROM name may also correlate with the entity accepting
accountability for the *message*, which is what I've been saying all
along.  And that statement does not contradict, or invalidate, the
idea that an entity (possibly different0 is responsible for the
actions of the MTA.

  Alan DeKok.



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: What the lawyers and suits think  (was e: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004)
Date: Sun, 12 Sep 2004 09:20:31 -0400
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While perhaps interesting, discussion of non-intersecting subcultures 
is not relevant to this working group.

On Sep 12, 2004, at 1:48 AM, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:

> Oh sure, it's very clever to get several major bulk email senders to 
> agree to a standard - but at the end of the day it doesn't matter

This is very inappropriate.  I don't think you would appreciate other 
participants of this group denouncing your voice.

-andy



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In <859B14CB-04BE-11D9-ACBD-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> While perhaps interesting, discussion of non-intersecting subcultures
> is not relevant to this working group.

I disagree.  While Anne may require two hand count the lawyers with a
similar combination of being a geek, being a lawyer, and understanding
email, I need only one finger.

What Anne is explaining is basically what we need to do to help
deployment, which is quite relevant to this working group.  She is
explaing why people who want to stop phishing prefer the PRA over the
2821.MAILFROM even though the PRA protects the 2822.Resent-Sender:
header instead of the 2822.From: header in the critical case of actual
phishing.


> On Sep 12, 2004, at 1:48 AM, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:
>
>> Oh sure, it's very clever to get several major bulk email senders to
>> agree to a standard - but at the end of the day it doesn't matter
>
> This is very inappropriate.  I don't think you would appreciate other
> participants of this group denouncing your voice.

I don't think Anne was was denouncing anyone's voice.  She was trying
to explain what we need to take into account when we design and try to
get deployed a standard than needs buy-in non email-geeks.

I think her last paragraph is very important:

: So the trick is to get the lawyers and the suits to realize that your
: concerns aren't just something they have to endure - they are
: something they have to satisfy.

A similar concept needs to be considered by us: We need to realize
that lawyer/suit concerns aren't just something we have to endure -
they are something we have to satisfy.

In this sense, neither protecting almost invisible things like the
Return-Path: nor the Resent-From: header really satisify their
concerns.


-wayne




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On 9/11/2004 1:59 PM, Andrew Newton wrote:

> 2) On the issue of compliance with the use of the TXT record, the 
> working group has at least rough consensus that TXT usage is acceptable 
> for compliance and should not be specified as a configuration that will 
> be non-compliant.  However, there is at least rough consensus that the 
> use of the SPF-specific record type is more desirable than the use of a 
> TXT record type.  It is the opinion of the co-chairs that the -protocol 
> document clearly state that the usage of TXT records will most likely 
> be deprecated by future protocol definition.

I don't think that's good enough and would offer an alternative:

 * specs sent to last call MUST include a new RRType code

 * an addendum or a sibling spec MAY describe coexistence mechs for
   a TXT RR for backwards compatibilty

This model ensures that future implementations cannot claim "compliance"
until they fix whatever bugs are keeping them from using the new RRType,
while also providing a support channel for legacy implementations.

-- 
Eric A. Hall                                        http://www.ehsco.com/
Internet Core Protocols          http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/coreprot/



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References: Your message of "Sat, 11 Sep 2004 23:02:47 PDT."           
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    <20040912131855.C3D8B17127@mail.nitros9.org>
Date: Sun, 12 Sep 2004 09:47:01 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
From: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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"Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
> "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
>
>> The MAIL FROM mailbox-domain was passed through the mail channel
>> for messages not originating at the SMTP client.
>
>   WHAT "mail channel"?  I have described what I think of as the "mail
> channel", and given reasons for my conclusions.  You haven't.

Mail is normally passed from MTA to MTA on its journey to the destination.
The MTA making the public delivery is often not where the message was
created.  The sequence of Mail Transfer Agents carrying the MAIL FROM
identifier is what I had referred to as the mail channel.

>   I explained why the SMTP server cannot verifiably know that, and why
> (for all practical purposes), the SMTP client is the only verifiable
> originator of the message.  You haven't explained why you disagree, or
> what errors (if any) exist in my message.

It is how the SMTP client is identified.  This identifier, to allow safe
reputation assertions, must reflect the identity of those administratively
in control of the sending machine, and able to take immediate corrective
action.  An SPF record does not give a reputation service license to hold
those that may have "authorized" the MTA to be accountable for the actions
of this potentially different entity.  Jim Lyon even stated an expectation
of holding the mailbox-domain accountable even when the MTA had not been
specifically "authorized" as a result of an "open" list.

>   Simply stating a contrary position is not an argument.

You are saying one can not be sure of the origin of the MAIL FROM, but it
is okay to use this identity to assert a reputation assessment against the
actions of the SMTP client.  I agree one can not be sure of the origin of
the MAIL FROM and, as a result, the mailbox-domain MUST NOT be used to
assert a reputation assessment against the actions of the SMTP client. 
There is an identity that accurately identifies the SMTP client.  This is
either the IP address or an authenticated EHLO.

>> This is normally the case for the SMTP client performing public
>> delivery.  This adds at least an additional SMTP client/server pair.
>
>   Which is effectively what I said in the paragraph below the one you
> quoted, and where I explained why it didn't matter to the SMTP server.
>
>> I am not attempting to dodge your scenario.  I do not agree you have
>> adequately described the situation or considered risks involved making
>> negative assessments against a name.
>
>   The risks involved are undertaken by the mailbox-domain, when it
> publishes MTA authentication records in DNS.

What assurance can you provide that supports this opinion?  There is AOL
asking people to publish SPF records so they may be white-listed.  Now you
are saying publishers should also expect to be black-listed when they
publish an "open" record as have AOL.  Is this do as I say and not as I
do?

> The scope of those risks are defined by the documents under discussion in
> this group.  As for my consideration of those risks, I've explained my
> reasons, and I don't think I've seen you refute any of them.  You've just
> stated that you disagreed, and then talked about your position.  That's
> nice, but it doesn't give me any insight as to why you disagree with my
> position, or what's wrong with my position.

Rather than justifying not obtaining the SMTP client name out of
expediency, consider the outcomes when reputation is used to block the
names obtained.  Showing the name being blocked is the entity that
actually sent the abusive mail will greatly aid the defense of the
reputation service.  To suggest it does not matter that the name being
blocked only authorized the SMTP client and therefore accepted
accountability for these disparate entities will be a much more difficult
position to take.  I would expect this position will not provide much
protection in what will likely be a sizable litigation.

>> The concept of good and bad should be reserved for reputations of
>> the MTA name.
>
>   Why?  I've explained why and how MAIL FROM accountability can be
> safely applied.

You have not.  You simply say you can hold the MAIL FROM entity
accountable because they published with the clear warning within some
discussion within this WG.

>> A message (or message action) authorization is not sufficient to
>> hold the mailbox-domain accountable and asserting a reputation for the
>> mailbox domain.
>
>   Why?  If any MAIL FROM authentication system is intended to hold a
> domain accountable, then MAIL FROM authorization is perfectly valid
> for holding that domain accountable.

It is not authenticating, it is authorizing the delivery of the message. 
The EHLO name can be authenticated, the MAIL FROM provides authorization
as does the CSV record in a generic sense.

>> You seem to suggest the MAIL FROM and EHLO identities are equally
>> strong. They are not.
>
>   Why?  And I'm not suggesting they're equally "strong", but that both
> may be used, each for different purposes.  Saying "they have different
> kinds of accountability" is a clear statement that one may be more, or
> less, accountable than the other.

The high risk act of asserting reputation demands authentication of those
entities directly accountable for the actions of the SMTP client, and not
based upon implied acceptance of accountability and assumed integrity of
the mail channel.

>> The MAIL FROM name may not correlate to the to entity accountable
>> for the actions of the MTA.
>
>   And sometimes it may.  The two statements are not contradictory.
> The MAIL FROM name may also correlate with the entity accepting
> accountability for the *message*, which is what I've been saying all
> along.

Yes you have.  But where does it say publishing an SPF record is accepting
accountability for any message using this mailbox domain coming from an
SMTP client?  That is the million dollar question.

> And that statement does not contradict, or invalidate, the
> idea that an entity (possibly different is responsible for the
> actions of the MTA.

I am of the opinion these assumptions are caviler and needlessly risky.
This risk will represent the demise of the reputation service.

-Doug








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Date: Sun, 12 Sep 2004 09:57:48 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: What the lawyers and suits think
From: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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"wayne" <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote:

> What Anne is explaining is basically what we need to do to help
> deployment, which is quite relevant to this working group.  She is
> explaing why people who want to stop phishing prefer the PRA over the
> 2821.MAILFROM even though the PRA protects the 2822.Resent-Sender:
> header instead of the 2822.From: header in the critical case of actual
> phishing.

The marid-mpr draft provides a method of protecting both fields without
using the PRA algorithm.  It provides solutions for the sequential DNS
lookup, open list exploits problems, and allows safe reputation services.

-Doug



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Andrew,

AN> 2) On the issue of compliance with the use of the TXT record, the 
AN> working group has at least rough consensus that TXT usage is acceptable
AN> for compliance and should not be specified as a configuration that will
AN> be non-compliant.  However, there is at least rough consensus that the
AN> use of the SPF-specific record type is more desirable than the use of a
AN> TXT record type.  It is the opinion of the co-chairs that the -protocol
AN> document clearly state that the usage of TXT records will most likely
AN> be deprecated by future protocol definition.

Please clarify.

What, exactly, would be required to be supported and what would be
optional?

In particular, how will interoperability be assured at all stages of
deployment and use?

To be entirely pedantic, how will the specification ensure that the
client does not implement an incompatible capability from the server?

If client and server do no share at least one MUST, then there will be
non-interoperability.


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



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Andy and Marshall,

I am still unclear on the consensus decision in regards to combined 
mailfrom/pra scopes. As Daniel from Apache made it clear, it seems that 
the deployment concerns are not lessened with the mailfrom/pra combined 
proposal, but rather have remained the same. Can you perhaps elaborate 
in detail what you think the consensus in regards to PRA and deployment 
concerns is?

Yakov



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"Eric A. Hall" <ehall@ehsco.com> wrote:

>  * specs sent to last call MUST include a new RRType code
> 
>  * an addendum or a sibling spec MAY describe coexistence mechs for
>    a TXT RR for backwards compatibilty

I fully agree. And the question of whether a prefix is necessary or not
is of course closely related to the choice of RR type. TXT would need
a prefix, a new type would not.
And regarding the "installed base": while I appreciate the efforts by the
proponents and the early adopters, recent counts for a certain larger
TLD show that there are only a few thousand TXT RRs with "spf" content,
often multiple of those existing in (below) the same 2nd level domain.
Less than 2% of TXT RRs are used for SPF.
This is of course a success for this project but does not constitute
an installed base cast in stone compared to what would be necessary to
talk about wide deployment. A6 seems to have been more popular before it
was redirected down the experiment path.

-Peter



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George Mitchell wrote:

> I think everyone agrees on "mailfrom", but not on "pra".

Not sure about everyone, but certainly me.

>  Also, what happened to "helo"?

IIRC the idea was to discuss CSV after SPF, and adding it now
before this discussion could be confusing.  As soon as we have
completed spf2.0/mailfrom adding other scopes like PRA or HELO
is easy.  Maybe PRA is then unnecessary, and we find a simple
solution by matching the relevant headers against MAIL FROM:

If nothing matches, and if there's no Sender then it's probably
a case of "2476bis 8.1 MAY-be not", otherwise it's a phisher.

This could also solve the problem mentioned by Wayne and Anne:
| In this sense, neither protecting almost invisible things
| like the Return-Path: nor the Resent-From: header really
| satisify their concerns.
                            Bye, Frank




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On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, Sauer, Damon wrote:

>  I didn't say it did. How I identify the IP as a spammer is up to my
> other processes. What it DOES do is allow me to make a informed decision
> on whether or not to block that IP. 

You don't see the contradition in these statements?

   A:  Other processes identify IP as a spam/not-spam

   B:  SPF allows me to make an informed decision on whether to block


We expect to have spam/not-spam as the basis of our decision to block.

B has nothing to do with A.

		--Dean



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On Fri, 10 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:

> 
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > If the mailbox domain has been safely blacklisted, then no confirmation
> > with respect to the IP address from the SPF records is needed.
> 
>   RFC 2821 header checking against authentication records in DNS
> enables recipients to safely blacklist mailbox domains.
> 
>   i.e.  100% of messages from a domain pass RFC 2821 DNS checks, and
> are spam: the recipient may choose to blacklist the domain.

Many years ago, people started to block domains and email addresses. It
was found that rather than blocking spam, this practice motivated more DOS
attacks (joe-jobs).  It would never be the case that 100% of the messages 
from a domain 'pass checks' and are spam, unless that domain has been 
subjected to a joe-job or the domain is disposable. If it is disposable, 
then blocking it won't have any effect, since it won't be used for long.

>   In the absence of those checks, the recipient can still blacklist
> the domain, but has no way of knowing for sure if the messages are
> forged, and thus an attack by a malicious third party, who wishes to
> disrupt communications between the alleged originator and the
> recipient.

One still has no method of determining if the messages are forged, checks 
or no checks. The "checks" have no value. The message could still be 
forged, the DNS records could be forged, the senders machine could be 
compromised, the abuser could obtain an account at the ISP that hosts the 
domain, etc, etc, etc.

		--Dean



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On Sun, 12 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:

> 
> But AOL won't have spammers on their whitelist. The only domains for which
> an SPF Pass means less filtering are those which are pre-whitelisted. And
> SPF will ensure that mail which appears to be from those domains isn't
> forged.

This is a false assumption.  Any domain that is whitelisted will attract 
spammers to that domain.  There is no domain or ISP that can claim not to 
have spammers ever.

Whether you use SPF as the reduced testing mechanism or some other
mechanism is irrelevant. The 'bad thing' is to ever subject some mail to
less filtering.

> What's your problem with this? It's using SPF for exactly what it was
> intended, and the fact that spammers publish SPF will have no effect on it
> at all.

SPF has no effect on anything except to interfere with legitimate email
unbundling.  SPF allows MSN and AOL to conspire to prevent email
outsourciing, or to charge the outsourcers for the "privelege" of having
an SPF record, or to interfere with such outsourced email by having
unreliable nameservice for the outsourced SPF records.  In exchange, SPF
has no impact on spam, whatsoever.  Thats my problem with SPF.



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 12 Sep 2004 09:47:01 PDT."
             <64743.24.10.108.240.1095007621.squirrel@harry.mail-abuse.org> 
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"Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> >   WHAT "mail channel"?  I have described what I think of as the "mail
> > channel", and given reasons for my conclusions.  You haven't.
> 
> Mail is normally passed from MTA to MTA on its journey to the destination.

  How does that affect MAIL FROM authentication via records in DNS?

> The MTA making the public delivery is often not where the message was
> created.  The sequence of Mail Transfer Agents carrying the MAIL FROM
> identifier is what I had referred to as the mail channel.

  None of which is relevant to MAIL FROM authentication via records in
DNS.  The previous hops are invisible to MAIL FROM checks.

> You are saying one can not be sure of the origin of the MAIL FROM, but it
> is okay to use this identity to assert a reputation assessment against the
> actions of the SMTP client.

  I'm saying that the recipient may not know the "true" origin, and
that that "true" origin may be un-knowable.  The recipient CAN know
that the current hop is authenticated, if the MAIL FROM satisfies
authentication records in DNS.  For the recipient, nothing else is
verifiable, and therefore nothing else is relevant.

  All I'm doing here is taking your EHLO argument, and applying it to
MAIL FROM.  Your opposition to this process indicates conflict or
confusion somewhere in the conversation.

> Now you are saying publishers should also expect to be black-listed
> when they publish an "open" record as have AOL.

  Publishers should expect recipients to do the most curious things,
for the most inane reasons.

> Showing the name being blocked is the entity that actually sent the
> abusive mail will greatly aid the defense of the reputation service.

  Replace "sent" with "accepted responsibility for", and MAIL FROM
checking is perfectly valid, if all parties agree.

> >   Why?  I've explained why and how MAIL FROM accountability can be
> > safely applied.
> 
> You have not.  You simply say you can hold the MAIL FROM entity
> accountable because they published with the clear warning within some
> discussion within this WG.

  No... that's dumb.  "MTA's don't read mailing lists".

  In any protocol implementation, all parties involved agree as to
what the information means, and how to interpret it.  MARID
implementations are nothing special in this regard.  If this WG
publishes standards defining accountability, then it's entirely
reasonable to expect that implementors of the standard have accepted
that accountability.

> But where does it say publishing an SPF record is accepting
> accountability for any message using this mailbox domain coming from
> an SMTP client?  That is the million dollar question.

  That spec isn't under consideration by this group, so any answer
would be out of scope.  But in general, I believe close examination of
email scenarios may lead to such statements.

> I am of the opinion these assumptions are caviler and needlessly risky.
> This risk will represent the demise of the reputation service.

  Which is why I have great skepticism that any reputation system will
work.

  Having my ability to run an MTA depend on kissing up to some third
party?  Sure... that fits into the freedom, and the "end to end"
nature of the net.

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 01:14:46 2004
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From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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Alan,


>> Mail is normally passed from MTA to MTA on its journey to the destination.
AD>   How does that affect MAIL FROM authentication via records in DNS?

That depends upon the authentication scheme and the nature of the
information coming from the DNS.

However the fact that mail transits multiple MTAs is hardly remarkable
insight. It has been the nature of networked email for more than 25
years, so it's not clear what prompts your particular question.


>> The MTA making the public delivery is often not where the message was
>> created.  The sequence of Mail Transfer Agents carrying the MAIL FROM
>> identifier is what I had referred to as the mail channel.
AD>   None of which is relevant to MAIL FROM authentication via records in
AD> DNS.  The previous hops are invisible to MAIL FROM checks.

Actually, the fact that a mailfrom authentication is being performed an
arbitrary number of MTA hops away from the mailfrom's creation is
extremely relevant to the technical basis and administrative complexity
of maintain DNS information needed to achieve that authentication.


>> You are saying one can not be sure of the origin of the MAIL FROM, but it
>> is okay to use this identity to assert a reputation assessment against the
>> actions of the SMTP client.
AD>   I'm saying that the recipient may not know the "true" origin, and
AD> that that "true" origin may be un-knowable.  The recipient CAN know
AD> that the current hop is authenticated, if the MAIL FROM satisfies
AD> authentication records in DNS.

Correct. If all the information lines up correctly, you know something
useful.  If, however, the information is missing or does not line up,
then it is not at all clear you know anything.

And if the scenarios for which the information lines up turn out to be
few, then the entire mechanism has very limited utility.

Given the aggregate cost of Internet standards, it is useful to worry a
great deal about the technical, administrative, and operational
complexity of a proposal. I pretentiously call this it's "physics", in
the hope that folks will worry a bit about system dynamics. There is a
tendency to focus only on very localized aspects of a design.



d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 01:35:43 2004
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Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> On Sun, 12 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:
>
>>
>> But AOL won't have spammers on their whitelist. The only domains for
>> which an SPF Pass means less filtering are those which are
>> pre-whitelisted. And SPF will ensure that mail which appears to be
>> from those domains isn't forged.
>
> This is a false assumption.  Any domain that is whitelisted will
> attract spammers to that domain.  There is no domain or ISP that can
> claim not to have spammers ever.

They don't whitelist ISP domains - only responsible bulk email senders.
People whose mail you want your users to receive.

> Whether you use SPF as the reduced testing mechanism or some other
> mechanism is irrelevant. The 'bad thing' is to ever subject some mail
> to less filtering.

Wrong. You submit mail which you've already determined as 'truested' by your
own reputation mechanism.

 > What's your problem with this? It's using SPF for exactly what it was
>> intended, and the fact that spammers publish SPF will have no effect
>> on it at all.

> SPF has no effect on anything except to interfere with legitimate
> email unbundling.  SPF allows MSN and AOL to conspire to prevent email
> outsourciing, or to charge the outsourcers for the "privelege" of
> having an SPF record, or to interfere with such outsourced email by
> having unreliable nameservice for the outsourced SPF records.  In
> exchange, SPF has no impact on spam, whatsoever.  Thats my problem
> with SPF.

Well, you're entitled to your view, but your appreciation of the facts in
the case of AOL is clearly inaccurate. And please remember that SPF is an
authentication framework, not an anti-spam tool.

Peter



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To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders that are not
 compatible with RFC 2822
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In marid-core draft says in section 7.2 it is written:

7.2 E-Mail Forwarders
   A program that forwards received mail to other addresses MUST add an
   appropriate header that contains an email address that it is
   authorized to use.  Such programs SHOULD use the Resent-From header
   for this purpose.

But this recomendation for Forwarders to use Resent-From header directly
contradicts what is written in section 3.6.6 of the RFC2822:

   Note: Reintroducing a message into the transport system and using
   resent fields is a different operation from "forwarding".
   "Forwarding" has two meanings: One sense of forwarding is that a mail
   reading program can be told by a user to forward a copy of a message
   to another person, making the forwarded message the body of the new
   message.  A forwarded message in this sense does not appear to have
   come from the original sender, but is an entirely new message from
   the forwarder of the message.  On the other hand, forwarding is also
   used to mean when a mail transport program gets a message and
   forwards it on to a different destination for final delivery. Resent
   header fields are not intended for use with either type of forwarding"

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> writes:

> If client and server do no share at least one MUST, then there will be
> non-interoperability.

Yes.  It would also be nice if the world could avoid doing duplicate DNS
queries for spf2 records.  I don't think a single person has disagreed
with that design goal and I noted this in my earlier comments, so I hope
that is addressed in the next revision of the specifications.  One or
the other forever or both with a pre-specified flag day in the
not-too-distant future.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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Yakov wrote:
>What about the scope idea itself? Do you agree with it?

Yakov,

My own view is that the scope idea looks like a bit of a get out for the WG
because it removes the necessity to specify a single definitive identity
and a single definitive algorithm for identifying it.

Real life tends to weaken this argument by demonstrating time and again
that any definitive identity and its accurate determination already is a
moving target.

"Scope" which implements extensibility, is therfore a reasonable
future-proofing precaution, but we ought to take care that we don't use it
as an excuse for avoiding the difficult issue.

One (or more) initial madatory scope(s) would satisfy my desire to see that
the specification as published be implementable without external refrence,
and more importantly without contact (direct or indirect) between
implementors being required for satisfactory interoperability. Surely this
is the whole point of interoperability RFC's, and something which is lost
if we first have to find out what scopes a recipient checks before we can
send them mail.

Leaving scope as extensible will allow those who follow to spend more time
analysing and defining and evolving the truly sucessful scopes which this
proposal requires in order to be sucessful. In the fullness of time perhaps
one of these scopes could form the basis for the next generation of this
work, by being both mandatory and effective.

d.

Danny Angus
http://james.apache.org




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On Tue, Sep 07, 2004 at 03:43:08PM +0200,
 Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote 
 a message of 14 lines which said:

> Does anyone has a comprehensive list of major MTAs' behaviour?
> 
> For instance (just tested):
> 
> Postfix 2.1 with ".forward" : adds a Delivered-To (not mentioned in
> RFC 2822) but no Resent-something

sendmail 8.12.3 with ".forward" : adds no header at all (and therefore
no Resent-something)



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On Sun, 2004-09-12 at 22:47 -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> 
> In marid-core draft says in section 7.2 it is written:
> 
> 7.2 E-Mail Forwarders
>    A program that forwards received mail to other addresses MUST add an
>    appropriate header that contains an email address that it is
>    authorized to use.  Such programs SHOULD use the Resent-From header
>    for this purpose.
> 
> But this recomendation for Forwarders to use Resent-From header directly
> contradicts what is written in section 3.6.6 of the RFC2822:

We should not abuse the Resent-From: header. Instead, we should either
introduce a new header or simply add a new field to the Received:
header. I favour the latter.

I have not seen any reason given for abusing the existing Resent-From:
header, nor do I understand why it is useful to do so instead of
introducing something new and unambiguous.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
>
> We should not abuse the Resent-From: header. Instead, we should either
> introduce a new header or simply add a new field to the Received:
> header. I favour the latter.

The Received: field already includes a "for" clause which contains the
recipients of the message. It is usually omitted if there is more than one
recipient for privacy reasons (otherwise it could expose BCC recipients).

If Sender-ID were to use that clause, what should it contain in the
multiple recipients case? At least Resent-From: mailer-daemon makes some
kind of sense. Received: for unspecified-recipients@unspecified-domains?

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
ROCKALL: CYCLONIC, BECOMING NORTH 6 TO GALE 8, OCCASIONALLY SEVERE GALE 9.
SHOWERS. MAINLY GOOD.



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
>
> The 'for' clause indicates recipients, while a new clause would indicate
> the purported _sender_ for the hop in question. It would be 'on behalf
> of' or something similar.

The Received: field is created at the wrong time for that information to
be included, unless each hop adds both an incoming Received: field (like
the current one) and an outgoing field for recording the submitter.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
COLWYN BAY TO THE MULL OF GALLOWAY INCLUDING THE ISLE OF MAN: SOUTHWEST 5 TO
7, INCREASING GALE 8 FOR A TIME, BECOMING CYCLONIC 5 LATER. SQUALLY SHOWERS.
MAINLY GOOD. MODERATE OR ROUGH.



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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 12:02 +0100, Tony Finch wrote:
> On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
> >
> > We should not abuse the Resent-From: header. Instead, we should either
> > introduce a new header or simply add a new field to the Received:
> > header. I favour the latter.
> 
> The Received: field already includes a "for" clause which contains the
> recipients of the message. It is usually omitted if there is more than one
> recipient for privacy reasons (otherwise it could expose BCC recipients).

The 'for' clause indicates recipients, while a new clause would indicate
the purported _sender_ for the hop in question. It would be 'on behalf
of' or something similar.

> If Sender-ID were to use that clause, what should it contain in the
> multiple recipients case? At least Resent-From: mailer-daemon makes some
> kind of sense. Received: for unspecified-recipients@unspecified-domains?

For there to be multiple senders, I assume you speak of the case where
the original message was to multiple local recipients, each of whom has
a .forward file directed at a users on a the same third party host, and
your MTA wants to send those messages in the same SMTP transaction. 

The problem is the same as with the Resent-From: header. Yes, you
probably just use a mailer-dÃ¦mon address.

I wasn't proposing any change to the information you include -- only
that you should put it somewhere new instead of abusing the Resent-From:
header.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 12:33 +0100, Tony Finch wrote:
> On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
> >
> > The 'for' clause indicates recipients, while a new clause would indicate
> > the purported _sender_ for the hop in question. It would be 'on behalf
> > of' or something similar.
> 
> The Received: field is created at the wrong time for that information to
> be included, unless each hop adds both an incoming Received: field (like
> the current one) and an outgoing field for recording the submitter.

That's true. So perhaps the Received: header isn't the right place for
such information -- but certainly the Resent-From: header isn't the
right place for it either. Then we should add a new header for the
purpose.

An alternative would be to provide the selected address to the next hop
by means of an extension such as 'SUBMITTER-RFC2822' which gets logged
in the _next_ Received: header. I don't like that much -- defining a new
header makes more sense.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:

> We should not abuse the Resent-From: header. Instead, we should either
> introduce a new header or simply add a new field to the Received:
> header. I favour the latter.

The received header unfortunetly has not been standartized (ok to be 
more precise it standartized by RFC2821 in section 4.4 but many systems 
still don't do it in correct way).

Additionally Received header are specially designated to be trace fields,
so they are like a loggin info. Normally in programming, one would not think 
of using loggin data to implement program processing (other then database
logs where it is a journal that can be used to revert back to original
state or in case of filesystems, like ext3 JFS to fix the original 
state in case of known errors). So in my view Received header is a bad 
place for adding this data.

Plus to that Received header is normally added by systems when it received
the message but Submitter information is added when message is being sent out.

> I have not seen any reason given for abusing the existing Resent-From:
> header, nor do I understand why it is useful to do so instead of
> introducing something new and unambiguous.

I completely agree. I'll be submitting proposal later this week on it.
In the mean time I'll present the main ideas in separate email to 
get a view if WG has any interest in it and to try to resolve some
of the issues I have not decided on.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:
>
> The received header unfortunetly has not been standartized (ok to be
> more precise it standartized by RFC2821 in section 4.4 but many systems
> still don't do it in correct way).

It has been specified for over 20 years: the format was originally
specified in RFC 821 (STD 10) and hasn't changed significantly since.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
COLWYN BAY TO THE MULL OF GALLOWAY INCLUDING THE ISLE OF MAN: SOUTHWEST 5 TO
7, INCREASING GALE 8 FOR A TIME, BECOMING CYCLONIC 5 LATER. SQUALLY SHOWERS.
MAINLY GOOD. MODERATE OR ROUGH.



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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 05:31 -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> Additionally Received header are specially designated to be trace fields,
> so they are like a loggin info.

That's all they are here, surely? In a world where SenderID was
ubiquitous you'd have mail servers automatically rewriting RFC2821 and
RFC2822 identities on outgoing mail, and the SenderID validates _only_
that one hop; it's not end-to-end validation such as PGP, DomainKeys or
Signed Envelope Senders would offer.

You end up using a domain-based blacklist instead of the IP-address-
based blacklists which are already common, but other than that the
problem hasn't changed much. It's just a way of determining which are
legitimate mail servers, and which are not.

The information as to the 'purported responsible' domain in each hop
really is just trace info which is of little importance after the fact.

A sending mail server can choose any 'domain' it likes when modifying
the mail it sends, as long as its IP address is designed as one of the
permitted addresses for the 'domain'. The domain used doesn't have to be
the same for all outgoing mail, and doesn't have to bear any relation to
any domain name you'll actually see or use in your interaction with your
email client. It's _purely_ a lookup key for your trust database or
blacklist, and could be considered just that -- an arbitrary key. Mail
forwarded by pobox.com uses 'bounce2.pobox.com' for example.

Incidentally, once we realise that it's _just_ a single hop we're
validating, and that the key is essentially arbitrary, the whole problem
we're trying to solve can be seen in a different light.

All we're doing is offering a way for sending mail hosts to offer an
arbitrary 'trust key' of their choice, which the recipient can then look
up in a database. 

As long as there's a way of checking that the host in question really is
an authorised user of that 'trust key' it doesn't matter _what_ it is. 

For example, we could use signatures on TLS certificates. A listing in
the database could be keyed on the _signatures_ on the cert which is
presented by the sending mail host -- so the database lookup could
result in a trust level (or a blacklist/whitelist entry) for some
certificate related to 'infradead.org' and any mail server which
presents a cert signed by that certificate would be treated accordingly.

A trust scheme based on TLS certificates (or perhaps some other database
key which is easy to verify) could be introduced without all the
breakage at forwarding sites which would be caused by the proposed
'mailfrom' or 'pra' scopes of SenderID, and would achieve much the same
benefit, since SenderID does _not_ offer end-to-end validation but only
per-hop trust assessments of individual hosts.

> Plus to that Received header is normally added by systems when it received
> the message but Submitter information is added when message is being sent out.

Tony already pointed that out, and it is true -- so it seems a new
header does make more sense for purely practical reasons.

> > I have not seen any reason given for abusing the existing Resent-From:
> > header, nor do I understand why it is useful to do so instead of
> > introducing something new and unambiguous.
> 
> I completely agree. I'll be submitting proposal later this week on it.

OK, good.

-- 
dwmw2



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From: Arnt Gulbrandsen <arnt@gulbrandsen.priv.no>
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Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders that are
  not compatible with RFC 2822
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0409130504550.26408-100000@sokol.elan.net>
  <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409131338510.12445@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk>
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Tony Finch writes:
> On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:
>>  The received header unfortunetly has not been standartized (ok to be 
>>  more precise it standartized by RFC2821 in section 4.4 but many 
>>  systems still don't do it in correct way).
>
> It has been specified for over 20 years: the format was originally 
> specified in RFC 821 (STD 10) and hasn't changed significantly since.

Further, the widespread noncompliance isn't a problem in this context: 
MTA authors who want to support sender-id can just as easily teach 
their software generate received fields as they can add a new field.

Arnt



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From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Request discussion about using SUBMITTER (together with new Submitted-By
 RFC 2822 header) as basis for futher work
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Hello members of MARID WG,

I request formal discussion on possibility of replacing current SenderID/PRA
proposal with one that is based primarily on the extended Submitter draft 
with additional extension that would involve new Submitted-By RFC2822 header.

In this case, the SUBMITTER SMTP extension would co-exist together with
new Submitted-By header and this allows for quicker adoption allowing
programs that are able to add headers (like software that operates mail
lists and forwarders) to do so without necessarily a need to change how 
those programs call MTA program (i.e. it would require new interface 
option when calling /usr/bin/sendmail to communicate SUBMITTER value if
it is entirely RFC2821 value). The SUBMITTER parameter of MAIL would also 
be set exclusively based on this new header.

The Submitted-By header would have to be added by at least one entity
at each mail network (I defined mail network as "group of one or more SMTP 
speakers that know each other and where each SMTP server in the network 
has means of identifying SMTP client from the same network") and it
specifies Responsible Submitter entity, i.e. somebody that basicly takes 
responsibility for transmission of the email on its network and maybe 
contacted in case of problems. If there was reintroduction of email (such 
as mail list or forwarder), then this mail list of forwarder is such 
responsible party and it is supposed to add Submitted-By header (it may also
add Resent-From or Sender headers if appropriate just like they do now)
For email leaving the first "origin" network, the sender (as usually 
listed in "Sender" or "From" headers) is the responsible party and MTA 
that received email from MSA is supposed to add this new header
(with value taken out of "Sender:" header if it was present or otherwise
 out of "From:"), but MSA itself MAY also add Submitted-By header
directly and is recommended to do so if it is tranmitting message on
behalf of third party (like hotel system or airport email kiosk).

For verification of email by means of SPF protocol, the SUBMITTER 
scope would be used and clients that support it would be required
to base their decision based on either SUBMITTER parameter of MAIL
or based on the Submitted-By header if is top-most header in the
email. If it is not top-most header, then client SHOULD find the
first Submitted-By header and attempt to verify that. If it passes,
everything is good, but if it fails it SHOULD NOT immediatly
fail the message but MAY employ other means to attempt verification
including possibility of deriving possible Responsible Submitter
based on other headers (i.e. PRA or some other algorithm).

The results of the verification are to be reported using
"Authentication-Results:" header as to be defined further and based on 
the draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-00.txt. If this header is present 
(and MUA believes it was added by known MTA entity), then MUA program 
SHOULD display the Submitted-By header and inform the end-user that it
has been verified. Otherwise, MUAs programs MAY display the first found
Submitted-By header but MUST then inform user that it has not been verified.

--------------

This is a general summary. I believe it represents proposal that achieves
the same goals as current SenderID (and partly based on it) but does not 
have the same technical issues and I believe does not have IPR issues.

I note about IPR that the system makes PRA optional rather then required
part of the implementation to be considered consistent with the standard.
Some may still decide to implement PRA in their software and in this
case would need to get license, but opensource programs would be able
to be compliant if they implement checking based only on "Submitted-By:" 
or they may choose algorithm other then PRA for deriving possible
Reponsible Submitter value.

Please feel free to comment what you think of these ideas and of possibility
of proceeding with this SUBMITTER scope in place of current PRA.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers 
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From: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@bellsouth.com>
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> > 
> > "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > > A DNS check that obtains a list of addresses for a 
> mailbox-domain, 
> > > MUST assume channel integrity when holding the apparent 
> originator 
> > > of the message accountable.
> > 
> >   What channel?  The only parties involved are:
> > 
> >   a) SMTP client
> >   b) SMTP server
> >   c) DNS server being queried
> 
> I think he is refering to the channel referenced by 
> information theory (guessing by the previous reference to 
> Lampson's covert channel paper). This could refer to the 
> complete path through the communication system, or it could 
> refer to a single hop in a multihop system.
> 
> Further, you've oversimplified the parties involved:
> 
> 	The end user, 
> 	optionally a third party relay [one or more]
> 		(because connection and mail services may be unbundled)
> 	The mailbox provider (where responses will go)
> 	The Mailbox provider nameservers
> 	The recipient mail server [one or more]
> 	The recipient nameservers
> 	The chain of nameservers between the recipient, root, 
> and mailbox 
> provider.
> 
> At any point spoofing could occur.

 This is true HOWEVER the only points at which this can be checked are
between the two current MTA's and DNS. How can my MTA possibly see what
the other MTA's are doing? buzzzzz

> 
> Going back to my spam examination where you are examining a 
> spam message: Suppose the IP address in the received from 
> header no longer matches the SPF records:  In this case you 
> don't know if your SPF check passed because DNS records were 
> spoofed, or if the real DNS records were changed.  All 
> you know is that you got a spam from a certain IP address.  
> You don't know 
> whether it was forged or not.

 This is why the delay time is there. (28 days?) If it is no longer
there, then it *MUST* fail.

> 
> Suppose the IP address in the received header does match the 
> SPF records. 
> You don't know if the abuser signed up for an account with 
> that domain, or 
> if they got an infected machine under that domain.  You don't 
> know whether 
> the nameserver was cracked, and incorrect records added. Most 
> people can't 
> tell the difference between a poisoned DNS cache and whether 
> the records 
> really come from an authoritative nameserver or even figure 
> out where they 
> got the DNS record from.   So, similarly, all you really know 
> is that you 
> got a spam from a certain IP address.
 
Again, in this case it *MUST* fail

> 
> In both cases, all that can be done is report the incident to 
> the operator 
> of the domain and the operator of the IP address.  And that's 
> all that can 
> be done now. THERE IS NO CHANGE.
> 
> SPF doesn't prevent email forgery, nor even indicate whether 
> forgery happened.

 It is only being used to authenticate the IP of the the sending MTA.

> 
> >   The DNS server may return one, or a billion IP's 
> "permitted" to send 
> > MAIL FROM with it's name.  Any particular message may have 
> traversed 
> > zero, or a billion intermediate SMTP hops before arriving at the 
> > current SMTP client, and being sent to the SMTP server.
> > 
> >   I fail to see how any party other than the three listed 
> above could 
> > possibly be involved in "MAIL FROM" DNS checks.  There is 
> no "channel" 
> > beyond the current hop, which can be verified to exist.
> 
> The current hop cannot be "verified to exist" beyond the TCP sequence 
> numbers. There is no way to tell that the mail isn't forged.  Even if 
> email comes from a certain server, there is still no way to 
> tell that the 
> mail isn't forged.  <user>@aol.com coming from an AOL 
> mailserver doesn't 
> mean that it really came from <user> Spammers can get 
> accounts at AOL. 
> Spammers can steal accounts at AOL by a number of vectors 
> such as viruses.

This would be AOL's problem. And considering AOL's propensity to sue
spammers on it's network, I would love to see them try.

> 
> And what's more, from outside of AOL we can't be sure that 
> AOL isn't pink-contracting with spammers.
> 
> The notion of "spam-herding" is just so much wishful thinking.
> 

"Spam-Herding" is my term and I believe that it will do exactly that. If
you are concerned about 'pink' contracts, then the spammers will be
herded to those. It will eventually become a matter of economics as
pressure is brought to bear on the otherwise legitimate IPS that may be
providing 'pink' contracts. Spam is not socially acceptable. It is
likely hated as much as paying taxes if not more. Social engineering
WILL take place with SPF fully deployed. The spam will be herded.


Regards,
Damon Sauer
"Putting my bee suit on"

*****
The information transmitted is intended only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113




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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 12 Sep 2004 21:48:37 PDT."
             <587418158.20040912214837@brandenburg.com> 
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Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com> wrote:
> However the fact that mail transits multiple MTAs is hardly remarkable
> insight. It has been the nature of networked email for more than 25
> years, so it's not clear what prompts your particular question.

  My focus in this thread has been MAIL FROM authentication via
records in DNS.  Could you explain how multi-hop transit affects the
current scope of an SMTP server performing such authentication?

  a) one of the hops fails to forward the message, in which case the
     current hop doesn't exist.

  b) all of the hops forward the message, in which case none of that
     information is visible in MAIL FROM.

  e.g. an SMTP server sees "MAIL FROM: user@example.com".

  I have no idea how that server could use that data to determine that
any previous hops existed.  Therefore, for the purposes of MAIL FROM
authentication via records in DNS, those previous hops do not exist.

  Can you, or Doug explain how the previous hops are relevant to MAIL
FROM authentication via records in DNS?  While I understand Doug is
trying, all I've gleaned from his responses have been that "mail is
multi-hop".  This may be an attempt to say "a message must pass all
MAIL FROM checks in all hops", but I haven't seen that stated
anywhere, as it seems fairly obvious.

> Actually, the fact that a mailfrom authentication is being performed an
> arbitrary number of MTA hops away from the mailfrom's creation is
> extremely relevant to the technical basis and administrative complexity
> of maintain DNS information needed to achieve that authentication.

  I agree, but that's an issue for the sender, not for the recipient.

  There are multiple scopes involved.  Each party has it's own scope;
it's own narrow vision of the net.  So far in this thread, I have
focussed on the scope of the recipient.  In that scope, none of the
previous hops exist, because they cannot be verified to exist.

> Correct. If all the information lines up correctly, you know something
> useful.  If, however, the information is missing or does not line up,
> then it is not at all clear you know anything.

  I'm not sure what "line up correctly" means.  Most of these checks
have only negative value.  A "pass" gives you little information.  A
"fail" gives you more.

> Given the aggregate cost of Internet standards, it is useful to worry a
> great deal about the technical, administrative, and operational
> complexity of a proposal. I pretentiously call this it's "physics", in
> the hope that folks will worry a bit about system dynamics.

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?2000NIMPA.449..172B

  Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A,
Volume 449, Issue 1-2, p. 172-207.

  I am not unfamiliar with such concepts.  My training is in
modelling, simulation, and development of large systems.  The methods
learned in that training are directly applicable to most systems,
though I'm having difficulty applying them here.

> There is a tendency to focus only on very localized aspects of a
> design.

  Because they are simpler than trying to understand the system as a
whole.  And if we don't understand the local aspects of a design, we
have very little hope of understanding the system.

  Alan DeKok.



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Subject: Re: Request discussion about using SUBMITTER (together with new Submitted-By RFC 2822 header) as basis for futher work
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On Mon, Sep 13, 2004 at 06:38:39AM -0700,
 william(at)elan.net <william@elan.net> wrote 
 a message of 76 lines which said:

> I request formal discussion on possibility of replacing current
> SenderID/PRA proposal with one that is based primarily on the
> extended Submitter draft with additional extension that would
> involve new Submitted-By RFC2822 header.

I agree with the idea but, to be sure we understand each other, may I
add some details? Tell me if I am on the right track.
 
> If there was reintroduction of email (such as mail list or
> forwarder), then this mail list of forwarder is such responsible
> party and it is supposed to add Submitted-By header (it may also add
> Resent-From or Sender headers if appropriate just like they do now)

Do note that, in the pure forwarding case (use of Unix .forward), no
header is added by sendmail and a custom header is added by Postfix
(unlike what -core says in 7.2). Seeing the discussions about
"forwarding" (a very loose word here and not really clearer in RFC
2822), it would be better to specify it.

> For verification of email by means of SPF protocol, the SUBMITTER
> scope would be used and clients that support it would be required to
> base their decision based on either SUBMITTER parameter of MAIL or
> based on the Submitted-By header if is top-most header in the
> email. If it is not top-most header, then client SHOULD find the
> first Submitted-By header

First in message order, meaning last in time order.

> and attempt to verify that. If it passes,
> everything is good,

Do not forget that the client MUST check that SUBMITTER agrees with
Submitted-by.

> The results of the verification are to be reported using
> "Authentication-Results:" header as to be defined further and based
> on the draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-00.txt. If this header is
> present (and MUA believes it was added by known MTA entity), then
> MUA program SHOULD display the Submitted-By header and inform the
> end-user that it has been verified. Otherwise, MUAs programs MAY
> display the first found Submitted-By header but MUST then inform
> user that it has not been verified.

The MUA MAY does its own SenderID check on the submitted-By header it
found.



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To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: Request discussion about using SUBMITTER (together with new
 Submitted-By RFC 2822 header) as basis for futher work
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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> On Mon, Sep 13, 2004 at 06:38:39AM -0700,
>  william(at)elan.net <william@elan.net> wrote 
>  a message of 76 lines which said:
> 
> > I request formal discussion on possibility of replacing current
> > SenderID/PRA proposal with one that is based primarily on the
> > extended Submitter draft with additional extension that would
> > involve new Submitted-By RFC2822 header.
> 
> I agree with the idea but, to be sure we understand each other, may I
> add some details? Tell me if I am on the right track.
Ok.
  
> > If there was reintroduction of email (such as mail list or
> > forwarder), then this mail list of forwarder is such responsible
> > party and it is supposed to add Submitted-By header (it may also add
> > Resent-From or Sender headers if appropriate just like they do now)
> 
> Do note that, in the pure forwarding case (use of Unix .forward), no
> header is added by sendmail and a custom header is added by Postfix
> (unlike what -core says in 7.2). Seeing the discussions about
> "forwarding" (a very loose word here and not really clearer in RFC
> 2822), it would be better to specify it.

It is difficult to write good description of what forwarding is
(part of what is there I already posted when quiting 2822 yesterday).
But I do think it is intent of this WG to specify case of forwarding
in its documents. In fact core draft does it already in section 7.2
and submitter draft provides example of forwarding. 

It is most likely that section from core draft would have to be moved
and modified to be in submitter draft (in addition to example that will
also stay). Perhaps case of forwarding with .forward can be mentioned 
separately too or possibly an example added for that.

> > For verification of email by means of SPF protocol, the SUBMITTER
> > scope would be used and clients that support it would be required to
> > base their decision based on either SUBMITTER parameter of MAIL or
> > based on the Submitted-By header if is top-most header in the
> > email. If it is not top-most header, then client SHOULD find the
> > first Submitted-By header
> 
> First in message order, meaning last in time order.

Correct.
 
> > and attempt to verify that. If it passes,
> > everything is good,
> 
> Do not forget that the client MUST check that SUBMITTER agrees with
> Submitted-by.

Yes. 
Like with current SUBMITTER draft, at the end after data is received,
the MTA must also double-check that SUBMITTER MAIL parameter value
corresponds properly with RFC2822 headers, i.e. that first Submitted-By
header in email is the same.

> > The results of the verification are to be reported using
> > "Authentication-Results:" header as to be defined further and based
> > on the draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-00.txt. If this header is
> > present (and MUA believes it was added by known MTA entity), then
> > MUA program SHOULD display the Submitted-By header and inform the
> > end-user that it has been verified. Otherwise, MUAs programs MAY
> > display the first found Submitted-By header but MUST then inform
> > user that it has not been verified.
> 
> The MUA MAY does its own SenderID check on the submitted-By header it
> found.

The problem is that MUA does not know for certain ip address of SMTP
client that it needs to authorize. It must rely on the Received headers
for that and they maybe forged along with submitted-by. So I would be
very carefull on MUA doing this kind of verification and if it is
mentioned, a separate security section about possibility of special
type of forging that could pass MUA vericiation must also be present.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 16:34:56 +0100
From: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
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To: Alan DeKok <aland@ox.org>
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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
>   e.g. an SMTP server sees "MAIL FROM: user@example.com".
>
>   I have no idea how that server could use that data to determine that
> any previous hops existed.  Therefore, for the purposes of MAIL FROM
> authentication via records in DNS, those previous hops do not exist.
>
>   Can you, or Doug explain how the previous hops are relevant to MAIL
> FROM authentication via records in DNS?  While I understand Doug is
> trying, all I've gleaned from his responses have been that "mail is
> multi-hop".  This may be an attempt to say "a message must pass all
> MAIL FROM checks in all hops", but I haven't seen that stated
> anywhere, as it seems fairly obvious.

What Doug means is that email can legitimately come to my servers from
an IP address that is not anticipated by example.com because there was an
extra hop in its journey: user@example.com sent the message to
recipient@alumni.example.edu which forwarded it to
recipient@example.cam.ac.uk. Therefore example.com can't correctly say
that my servers will only receive email with an example.com bounce address
from their outgoing email servers, because as you say I have no way of
knowing about the message's previous hops, and example.com has no way of
knowing about recipients' forwarding arrangements.

I cannot work around this problem: I have no reasonable way of knowing
that this forwarding relationship exists, or if I do know about it I have
no reasonable way of maintaining a list of example.edu's outgoing email
servers in order to whitelist them.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
NORTH FITZROY SOLE LUNDY FASTNET IRISH SEA: WEST OR SOUTHWEST 6 TO GALE 8,
PERHAPS SEVERE GALE 9, VEERING NORTHWEST 5 TO 7. SHOWERS. MAINLY GOOD.



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:

> 
> Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> > On Sun, 12 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:
> >
> >>
> >> But AOL won't have spammers on their whitelist. The only domains for
> >> which an SPF Pass means less filtering are those which are
> >> pre-whitelisted. And SPF will ensure that mail which appears to be
> >> from those domains isn't forged.
> >
> > This is a false assumption.  Any domain that is whitelisted will
> > attract spammers to that domain.  There is no domain or ISP that can
> > claim not to have spammers ever.
> 
> They don't whitelist ISP domains - only responsible bulk email senders.
> People whose mail you want your users to receive.

Yes, such as MSN.

> > Whether you use SPF as the reduced testing mechanism or some other
> > mechanism is irrelevant. The 'bad thing' is to ever subject some mail
> > to less filtering.
> 
> Wrong. You submit mail which you've already determined as 'truested' by your
> own reputation mechanism.

This "trust" is a false assumption.  MSN doesn't know whether a particular
message is spam, until it gets a complaint.  It doesn't know whether a
computer is virus infected until it gets a complaint.  It can't certify
that it doesn't have spammers or virus infections or worms or etc.  No one
can. If MSN and AOL make that assertion, and that assertion is accepted by
others, this fact alone will make MSN a target for spammers, viruses,
worms, etc.  This is why reduced filtering promotes more spam.

>  > What's your problem with this? It's using SPF for exactly what it was
> >> intended, and the fact that spammers publish SPF will have no effect
> >> on it at all.
> 
> > SPF has no effect on anything except to interfere with legitimate
> > email unbundling.  SPF allows MSN and AOL to conspire to prevent email
> > outsourciing, or to charge the outsourcers for the "privelege" of
> > having an SPF record, or to interfere with such outsourced email by
> > having unreliable nameservice for the outsourced SPF records.  In
> > exchange, SPF has no impact on spam, whatsoever.  Thats my problem
> > with SPF.
> 
> Well, you're entitled to your view, but your appreciation of the facts in
> the case of AOL is clearly inaccurate. And please remember that SPF is an
> authentication framework, not an anti-spam tool.

Likewise, you're entitled to your view, and we may have to agree to
disagree.  But besides your false assumptions of trust, you don't seem to
appreciate the fact that DNS cannot be used for an authentication
framework because it is so trivially and easilly spoofed.  We learned the
vulnerability way, way back with the Morris worm and the BSD R-command
exploits.

		--Dean



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004 11:43:44 -0400 (EDT), Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:
> 
> >
> > Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> > > On Sun, 12 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:
> > >
> > >>
> > >> But AOL won't have spammers on their whitelist. The only domains for
> > >> which an SPF Pass means less filtering are those which are
> > >> pre-whitelisted. And SPF will ensure that mail which appears to be
> > >> from those domains isn't forged.
> > >
> > > This is a false assumption.  Any domain that is whitelisted will
> > > attract spammers to that domain.  There is no domain or ISP that can
> > > claim not to have spammers ever.
> >
> > They don't whitelist ISP domains - only responsible bulk email senders.
> > People whose mail you want your users to receive.
> 
> Yes, such as MSN.

If they have whitelisted MSN, it will be because they want to receive
mail which is verifiably from MSN. It's not a choice I would make
myself, but their network - their rules. SPF has helped them with the
verification.

> This "trust" is a false assumption.  MSN doesn't know whether a particular
> message is spam, until it gets a complaint.  It doesn't know whether a
> computer is virus infected until it gets a complaint.  It can't certify
> that it doesn't have spammers or virus infections or worms or etc.  No one
> can.

True - but that's the basis of all reputation mechanisms - there's no
absolute authority to refer to, you decide whose opinion you trust. If
AOL trusts MSN, that's their business.

> If MSN and AOL make that assertion, and that assertion is accepted by
> others, this fact alone will make MSN a target for spammers, viruses,
> worms, etc.  This is why reduced filtering promotes more spam.

But AOL's whitelist is for their own consumption, not for others to
rely on. I wouldn't choose to trust AOL's view of what mail to trust
for a whole variety of reasons. To be fair, I don't believe they're
suggesting that anyone should - its reason for existence is to help
AOL themselves to accept email from sources they themselves trust.
What process they go through to establish that trust is their business
- might be a respected validation service, might be a suitcase full of
used notes - that's up to them.

  >
> > Well, you're entitled to your view, but your appreciation of the facts in
> > the case of AOL is clearly inaccurate. And please remember that SPF is an
> > authentication framework, not an anti-spam tool.
> 
> Likewise, you're entitled to your view, and we may have to agree to
> disagree.  But besides your false assumptions of trust, you don't seem to
> appreciate the fact that DNS cannot be used for an authentication
> framework because it is so trivially and easilly spoofed.  We learned the
> vulnerability way, way back with the Morris worm and the BSD R-command
> exploits.

Yes, I agree there - but DNS spoofing is sufficiently rare and hard
for the average email forger to do that a mechanism relying on DNS
will have a tiny probability of being subject to forgery in the real
world.

Peter



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From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
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To: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@bellsouth.com>
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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers 
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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Sauer, Damon wrote:

> > 	The end user, 
> > 	optionally a third party relay [one or more]
> > 		(because connection and mail services may be unbundled)
> > 	The mailbox provider (where responses will go)
> > 	The Mailbox provider nameservers
> > 	The recipient mail server [one or more]
> > 	The recipient nameservers
> > 	The chain of nameservers between the recipient, root, 
> > and mailbox 
> > provider.
> > 
> > At any point spoofing could occur.
> 
>  This is true HOWEVER the only points at which this can be checked are
> between the two current MTA's and DNS. How can my MTA possibly see what
> the other MTA's are doing? buzzzzz

Exactly. You can't ever know that a message isn't forged.  People wrongly 
think that SPF prevents forgery.

> > Going back to my spam examination where you are examining a 
> > spam message: Suppose the IP address in the received from 
> > header no longer matches the SPF records:  In this case you 
> > don't know if your SPF check passed because DNS records were 
> > spoofed, or if the real DNS records were changed.  All 
> > you know is that you got a spam from a certain IP address.  
> > You don't know 
> > whether it was forged or not.
> 
>  This is why the delay time is there. (28 days?) If it is no longer
> there, then it *MUST* fail.

Delay time? 
*MUST* fail???

What are you talking about?

> > Suppose the IP address in the received header does match the SPF
> > records.  You don't know if the abuser signed up for an account with
> > that domain, or if they got an infected machine under that domain.  
> > You don't know whether the nameserver was cracked, and incorrect
> > records added. Most people can't tell the difference between a
> > poisoned DNS cache and whether the records really come from an
> > authoritative nameserver or even figure out where they got the DNS
> > record from.  So, similarly, all you really know is that you got a
> > spam from a certain IP address.
>  
> Again, in this case it *MUST* fail

Why would it fail if it the SPF "check" succeeds?

Or is this just another case of blind faith? Yes, it *must* fail if SPF is 
to work. Except that it doesn't fail, and as a result SPF doesn't work.

> > In both cases, all that can be done is report the incident to the
> > operator of the domain and the operator of the IP address.  And that's
> > all that can be done now. THERE IS NO CHANGE.
> > 
> > SPF doesn't prevent email forgery, nor even indicate whether 
> > forgery happened.
> 
>  It is only being used to authenticate the IP of the the sending MTA.

Which proves nothing about the message.

> > >   The DNS server may return one, or a billion IP's "permitted" to
> > > send MAIL FROM with it's name.  Any particular message may have
> > > traversed zero, or a billion intermediate SMTP hops before arriving
> > > at the current SMTP client, and being sent to the SMTP server.
> > > 
> > >   I fail to see how any party other than the three listed above
> > > could possibly be involved in "MAIL FROM" DNS checks.  There is no
> > > "channel"  beyond the current hop, which can be verified to exist.
> > 
> > The current hop cannot be "verified to exist" beyond the TCP sequence
> > numbers. There is no way to tell that the mail isn't forged.  Even if
> > email comes from a certain server, there is still no way to tell that
> > the mail isn't forged.  <user>@aol.com coming from an AOL mailserver
> > doesn't mean that it really came from <user> Spammers can get accounts
> > at AOL.  Spammers can steal accounts at AOL by a number of vectors
> > such as viruses.
> 
> This would be AOL's problem. And considering AOL's propensity to sue
> spammers on it's network, I would love to see them try.

They already do this. Every day.  You seem to be saying that AOL sends no
spam, and has no spammers, no viruses, no stolen accounts???

> > And what's more, from outside of AOL we can't be sure that AOL isn't
> > pink-contracting with spammers.
> > 
> > The notion of "spam-herding" is just so much wishful thinking.
> > 
> 
> "Spam-Herding" is my term and I believe that it will do exactly that. If
> you are concerned about 'pink' contracts, then the spammers will be
> herded to those. It will eventually become a matter of economics as
> pressure is brought to bear on the otherwise legitimate IPS that may be
> providing 'pink' contracts. Spam is not socially acceptable. It is
> likely hated as much as paying taxes if not more. Social engineering
> WILL take place with SPF fully deployed. The spam will be herded.

I note that you wrote this notion as an admin for Bell South.  Has Bell
South been able to clean spammers out of Bell South? Or clean virus
infections out of Bell South?  Or make it impossible for Bell South users
to get viruses, worms, etc? Or do they just whack them as the find them?  
Or is this just another "blind faith" that you //think// will happen?

If you've found some special immunity from spammers/viruses/worms, then I 
think you should share that. //That// would be far more valuable than SPF. 
If we could prevent spammers/viruses/worms then we wouldn't need anti-spam 
tools at all.

		--Dean



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From: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
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[snip]
> 
> > > Going back to my spam examination where you are examining a
> > > spam message: Suppose the IP address in the received from 
> > > header no longer matches the SPF records:  In this case you 
> > > don't know if your SPF check passed because DNS records were 
> > > spoofed, or if the real DNS records were changed.  All 
> > > you know is that you got a spam from a certain IP address.  
> > > You don't know 
> > > whether it was forged or not.
> > 
> >  This is why the delay time is there. (28 days?) If it is no longer 
> > there, then it *MUST* fail.
> 
> Delay time? 
> *MUST* fail???
> 
> What are you talking about?

 I apologize. I was actually thinking about something else when I wrote
that. Don't know how I missed it in my re-read.
So here is the answer I meant to give.

So the IP address changes- So does the SPF record. The two should not be
out of sync. This is an administrative issue.


> 
> > > Suppose the IP address in the received header does match the SPF 
> > > records.  You don't know if the abuser signed up for an 
> account with 
> > > that domain, or if they got an infected machine under that domain.
> > > You don't know whether the nameserver was cracked, and incorrect
> > > records added. Most people can't tell the difference between a
> > > poisoned DNS cache and whether the records really come from an
> > > authoritative nameserver or even figure out where they got the DNS
> > > record from.  So, similarly, all you really know is that you got a
> > > spam from a certain IP address.
> >  
> > Again, in this case it *MUST* fail
> 
> Why would it fail if it the SPF "check" succeeds?
> 
> Or is this just another case of blind faith? Yes, it *must* 
> fail if SPF is 
> to work. Except that it doesn't fail, and as a result SPF 
> doesn't work.


That is not at ALL what it means. What it means is: It failed.
It must and will fail.
Just because the SPF record belongs to a spammer and the SPF check
doesn't fail DOES NOT mean that SPF failed. It means it SUCCEEDED.


[snip]

> They already do this. Every day.  You seem to be saying that 
> AOL sends no spam, and has no spammers, no viruses, no stolen 
> accounts???
> 

This is a very low percentage of spam and killable using other methods.

> I note that you wrote this notion as an admin for Bell South. 
>  Has Bell South been able to clean spammers out of Bell 
> South? Or clean virus infections out of Bell South?  Or make 
> it impossible for Bell South users to get viruses, worms, 
> etc? Or do they just whack them as the find them?  
> Or is this just another "blind faith" that you //think// will happen?
> 
> If you've found some special immunity from 
> spammers/viruses/worms, then I 
> think you should share that. //That// would be far more 
> valuable than SPF. 
> If we could prevent spammers/viruses/worms then we wouldn't 
> need anti-spam 
> tools at all.

 My opinions in this discussion group have always been, and always will
be, my own.
I delete my 'official' signature before I send any email to this group.
If I wished to make an 'official' comment, it would be marked as such.
Most people here know who I am and what I do. This lends itself to my
credibility in a technical discussion, as I have direct, volumetric, and
personal experience in direct relation to the issues.
I hope you will understand why I believe the above is completely
inappropriate and request that my employer not be brought into the
discussion. 

Regards,
Damon Sauer 

*****
The information transmitted is intended only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain confidential, proprietary, and/or privileged material.  Any review, retransmission, dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited.  If you received this in error, please contact the sender and delete the material from all computers. 113




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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 13 Sep 2004 16:34:56 BST."
             <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409131626550.12445@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk> 
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Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote:
> What Doug means is that email can legitimately come to my servers from
> an IP address that is not anticipated by example.com because there was an
> extra hop in its journey:

  I understand, but that doesn't affect the SMTP server which performs
that validation.

  The multi-hop problem can be re-phrased as "any message must pass
all checks at all intermediate hops for it to reach the final
destination."  This restriction is nothing new to SMTP.  The specific
technique of authentication records in DNS is new.

> I cannot work around this problem: I have no reasonable way of knowing
> that this forwarding relationship exists, or if I do know about it I have
> no reasonable way of maintaining a list of example.edu's outgoing email
> servers in order to whitelist them.

  And I don't see why (in the idealogical sense) this would be your
problem.  If other sites are forwarding your users messages, then
that's a matter between them and the users.  You shouldn't have to be
involved.

  Practically, the practice is common, and people resist mightily
changing their habits.

  We have to decide if the gain to some from performing MTA
authentication is worth the cost to others.  The people paying the
cost naturally don't want to do so.  That's what this WG is about.
Maybe there is an alternate implementation where you don't have to pay
the cost.  We should find it, if possible.

  If not, I don't see why your need to have forwarding for your users
should have any impact on my need to do what I want with my domain.

  Alan DeKok.



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
>   And I don't see why (in the idealogical sense) this would be your
> problem.  If other sites are forwarding your users messages, then
> that's a matter between them and the users.  You shouldn't have to be
> involved.

If I naively start checking SPF records I will get involved because my
users will kick up a fuss about their legitimate email being rejected.

>   If not, I don't see why your need to have forwarding for your users
> should have any impact on my need to do what I want with my domain.

I'll feel free to ignore your bogus SPF policy then.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
WHITBY TO THE WASH: SOUTHWEST 5 TO 7. SHOWERS. GOOD. SLIGHT OR MODERATE.



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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Chuck Mead wrote:
|
| Andrew Newton wrote:
|
| | 3) On the issue of ignoring patent claims, the working group has at
| | least rough consensus that the patent claims should not be ignored.
| | Additionally, there is at least rough consensus that the participants of
| | the working group cannot accurately describe the specific claims of the
| | patent application. This stems from the fact that the patent application
| | is not publicly available.  Given this, it is the opinion of the
| | co-chairs that MARID should not undertake work on alternate algorithms
| | reasonably thought to be covered by the patent application.  We do feel
| | that future changes regarding the patent claim or its associated license
| | could significantly change the consensus of the working group, and at
| | such a time it would be appropriate to consider new work of this type.
|
| I have to ask because it appears to me that you have left this somewhat
| nebulous.
|
| Does this mean that the PRA (with it's encumbrance) is being accepted as
| a part of the MARID specification?

It would be nice if the co-chairs would be willing to answer this
question. Thanx.

- --
Chuck Mead <csm@redhat.com>
Instructor II (and resident Postfix bigot), GLS
Disclaimer: "It's Thursday and my name is Locutus of B0rk!"
Addendum: "Bwahahaha! Fire up the orbital mind-control lasers!"

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 13:52:12 2004
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 13 Sep 2004 18:01:41 BST."
             <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409131758550.12445@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk> 
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Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote:
> If I naively start checking SPF records I will get involved because my
> users will kick up a fuss about their legitimate email being rejected.

  Your users may think it's legitimate, but if it doesn't pass SPF
checks, then the domain name they're using doesn't agree.

  Resolving that problem is an issue between those users, and the name
of the domain they're using.

> >   If not, I don't see why your need to have forwarding for your users
> > should have any impact on my need to do what I want with my domain.
> 
> I'll feel free to ignore your bogus SPF policy then.

  Now you're getting personal.

  And I find it interesting that you admit you're not going to follow
the policies that other domains publish.  If this is true, I fail to
see why you're active in this group, as any standard reached here will
not be published, or checked, by you.

  It would also appear that you're opposed to the charter goals of
this group, or at the least, not interested in them.

  Alan DeKok.



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From: "Jim Lyon" <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
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 On Monday, September 13, 2004 at 1:47:32 AM. William Leibzon quotes RFC
2822 and argues that SenderID's use of Resent-From is inconsistent with
RFC 2822.  I disagree.

RFC 2822 specifies Resent-From is not for "forwarding", in either of the
following two senses:

1. Quoting from RFC 2822:

        One sense of forwarding is that a mail reading program
        can be told by a user to forward a copy of a message to
        another person, making the forwarded message the body
        of the new message.  A forwarded message in this sense
        does not appear to have come from the original sender,
        but is an entirely new message from the forwarder of the
        message.

   This sense of "forwarding" is normally activated by a user
   pressing a "Forward" button in a UI (or similar action.) I
   completely agree that "Resent-From" has no place in this sense
   of forwarding.


2. Quoting from RFC 2822 again:

        On the other hand, forwarding is also used to mean when
        a mail transport program gets a message and forwards it
        on to a different destination for final delivery.

   I believe that what RFC 2822 refers to here as "forwarding" is
   what we today more commonly refer to as "relaying".  That is,
   when an MTA merely accepts a message destined for a particular
   mailbox, and sends the message along to another MTA because
   the first MTA doesn't own the mailbox.

   The position that this sense of "forwarding" really means
   "relaying" is bolstered by the fact that RFC 2822 nowhere
   contains the words "relay" or "relaying".

   I completely agree with RFC 2822 that "Resent-From" has no place
   in this sense of forwarding.


So, what's Resent-From for?  It's for when a message arrives at the
destination mailbox, and the owner of that mailbox gives instructions,
either manually or automatically, that the message should instead or
additionally be delivered to a different mailbox.  A Unix ".forward"
file is the canonical example of such automated instruction.

It would probably be a good idea for Pete Resnick (editor of RFC 2822)
to chime in on this interpretation.


-- Jim Lyon

Internet commerce will never really take off until you can buy something
online without getting spammed by the vendor.



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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 13:03, Jim Lyon wrote:

[snip]

> So, what's Resent-From for?  It's for when a message arrives at the
> destination mailbox, and the owner of that mailbox gives instructions,
> either manually or automatically, that the message should instead or
> additionally be delivered to a different mailbox.  A Unix ".forward"
> file is the canonical example of such automated instruction.

  Well, if your going to use the Unix ".forward" file as a canonical
example, then you should check what that does on a typical Unix box
today (and historically).  Frankly, that's an honest suggestion, because
although I'm not too sure what they've done historically, I did just
check it out on a Linux box of mine and sure enough, there are no
Resent-* fields added whatsoever.
  In at least two places in section 3.6.6 of RFC2822, Resent-* fields
are said to be used to identify a message as re-introduced *by a user*
into the transport system.  Furthermore, it also says this:

   "They MUST NOT be used in the normal processing of replies
    or other such automatic actions on messages."

Which directly contradicts part of your interpretation above.  It's not
for 'manually or automatically' re-inserted messages, but only manually,
given that the automatic re-insertion is excluded from using Resent-*
fields according to the above line I've quoted from section 3.6.6 of
RFC2822.

> 
> It would probably be a good idea for Pete Resnick (editor of RFC 2822)
> to chime in on this interpretation.

  Hmm, agreed.  That would probably put an end to the discussion :-).

--
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 14:54:17 2004
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From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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Daniel,

>> If client and server do no share at least one MUST, then there will be
>> non-interoperability.

DQ> Yes.  It would also be nice if the world could avoid doing duplicate DNS
DQ> queries for spf2 records.

My concern is not about efficiency. It is about the fundamental ability
to get any successful interoperability.

If there is no core requirement for support of a particular record type,
then there will be clients that support only one record type and servers
that support only another.  This means that the clients will not be able
to access the information.

The instant you talk about "duplicate queries" you are assuming that the
client supports more than one type.  The question is whether they are
required to.  That is, do they have a MUST for each type?


DQ>  so I hope
DQ> that is addressed in the next revision of the specifications.  One or
DQ> the other forever or both with a pre-specified flag day in the
DQ> not-too-distant future.


For Internet-scale services there can be no such thing as a flag day.
There is not central authority to assert it.  Even if there were, there
is no way to coordinate that scale of operation.  Even centrally
controlled companies cannot do flag-days for large-scale deployment
changes.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>



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On Monday, September 13, 2004, at 10:52 AM, Paul Iadonisi wrote:
 


-- Jim Lyon
   mailto:JimLyon@Microsoft.Com
   tel:+1-425-706-0867

Internet commerce will never really take off until you can buy something
online without getting spammed by the vendor.


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
[mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Paul Iadonisi
Sent: Monday, September 13, 2004 10:52 AM
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders
thatare not compatible with RFC 2822
> It [Resent-From] is not for 'manually or automatically'
> re-inserted messages, but only manually, given that the
> automatic re-insertion is excluded from using Resent-*
> fields according to the above line I've quoted from
> section 3.6.6 of RFC2822.

I think the bright-line test to decide whether Resent-From is
appropriate is:

    Is the action occurring at the desire of the mailbox owner, or is
    it occurring at the desire of the mail infrastructure owner?

Otherwise, using the reading that you propose yields an absurd and
unimplementable result:

    If my MUA has a "Resend" command, and I manually execute it, there
    should be a "Resent-From".  But if an automated script executes my
    MUA's "Resend" command, there shouldn't be a "Resent-From".  This
    appears nonsensical on its face, so an alternate interpretation is
    required.  (It also begs the question of whether my secretary
pressing
    the button constitutes "manual" or "automatic", when he's doing so
    under my standing orders with no discretion.)

You need to read specs like a lawyer, not like a programmer.
(Programmer: if the spec says "jump", I'll jump and damn the
consequences.  Lawyer: if the spec says "jump" and that's either
ambiguous or nonsensical, I'll look beyond the words to the intended
meaning.)  Admittedly, the best specs are ones that yield the same
result to both programmers and lawyers.
 

-- Jim Lyon



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From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
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To: "Sauer, Damon" <Damon.Sauer@BELLSOUTH.COM>
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Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers 
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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Sauer, Damon wrote:

> [snip]
> > 
> > > > Going back to my spam examination where you are examining a spam
> > > > message: Suppose the IP address in the received from header no
> > > > longer matches the SPF records:  In this case you don't know if
> > > > your SPF check passed because DNS records were spoofed, or if the
> > > > real DNS records were changed.  All you know is that you got a
> > > > spam from a certain IP address.  You don't know whether it was
> > > > forged or not.
> 
> So the IP address changes- So does the SPF record. The two should not be
> out of sync. This is an administrative issue.

I don't think you read my message.  I'm analyzing the case where they are
either out of sync (above) and in sync (below).  In either case, you
cannot make any decision based on SPF records.

> > > > Suppose the IP address in the received header does match the SPF
> > > > records.  You don't know if the abuser signed up for an account
> > > > with that domain, or if they got an infected machine under that
> > > > domain. You don't know whether the nameserver was cracked, and
> > > > incorrect records added. Most people can't tell the difference
> > > > between a poisoned DNS cache and whether the records really come
> > > > from an authoritative nameserver or even figure out where they got
> > > > the DNS record from.  So, similarly, all you really know is that
> > > > you got a spam from a certain IP address.

> That is not at ALL what it means. What it means is: It failed. It must
> and will fail. Just because the SPF record belongs to a spammer and the
> SPF check doesn't fail DOES NOT mean that SPF failed. It means it
> SUCCEEDED.

You've yet to explain this---wait, thats how this thread started--and 
that claim is bogus, given that we've come full circle.

> > They already do this. Every day.  You seem to be saying that 
> > AOL sends no spam, and has no spammers, no viruses, no stolen 
> > accounts???
> > 
> 
> This is a very low percentage of spam and killable using other methods.

Well, my experience is that such spam is nearly the entire spamload, and 
is not easilly 'killable by other methods', but more importantly, is not 
killable by THIS method.

If indeed you do work for Bell South, I expect you must know that viruses 
are sending significant amounts of spam.  Are you really speaking from 
direct experience?

> > I note that you wrote this notion as an admin for Bell South. 
> >  Has Bell South been able to clean spammers out of Bell 
> > South? Or clean virus infections out of Bell South?  Or make 
> > it impossible for Bell South users to get viruses, worms, 
> > etc? Or do they just whack them as the find them?  
> > Or is this just another "blind faith" that you //think// will happen?
> > 
> > If you've found some special immunity from spammers/viruses/worms,
> > then I think you should share that. //That// would be far more
> > valuable than SPF.  If we could prevent spammers/viruses/worms then we
> > wouldn't need anti-spam tools at all.
> 
>  My opinions in this discussion group have always been, and always will
> be, my own. I delete my 'official' signature before I send any email to
> this group. If I wished to make an 'official' comment, it would be
> marked as such. Most people here know who I am and what I do. This lends
> itself to my credibility in a technical discussion, as I have direct,
> volumetric, and personal experience in direct relation to the issues. I
> hope you will understand why I believe the above is completely
> inappropriate and request that my employer not be brought into the
> discussion.

Well, you should only say things that you know from experience, then.  
And you should avoid suggesting that somehow Bell South or //anyone else//
has some magic bullet that prevents spammers from signing up for their
services, or prevent viruses from infecting their users.


http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/asrg/current/msg00334.html
=========================================================================
 As someone who has blocked over 1.1 billion spam messages last year at
49.8tb, I have come up with a few things that I would like to see
discussed or implemented in some fashion.

 I call it "Spam herding", the migration of spammers off of legitimate
ISP's and networks, to more "rogue" networks and ISP's. Once there, they
can be penned, trapped and killed. (skinning is preferred by me)

 If they don't do it already, legitimate ISP's should close port 25. Route
all SMTP traffic through their own servers and staff their abuse
departments with enough people empowered to take direct and immediate
action in spamming issues and in a timely fashion.

 ISP's should track credit cards. If an account is disabled for abuse
(investigated and found to have merit) this credit card should be flagged
by the ISP. All accounts established and/or associated with this card
disabled and no further orders from this card should be taken.

 Charge for overuse of SMTP, over a certain level, for commercial email.
Want to send 100,000 commercial emails? Charge a penny a piece over
10,000. This will not hurt list-serves as they are not commercial in
nature and John Q. Public wont send 100,000 emails in his life.
 If you want to send legitimate commercial email, it is a value add
service and should be charged for accordingly.
=========================================================================

I note that this entire message is very self-confident, and seems like it 
has some technical experience, but is extremely flawed:

1) I already discredited the spam-herding notion. 

2) Can't block port 25.  Perhaps residential ISPs can. But again, their 
user has relay services by the ISP. Those relay services continue until 
the account is canceled.  Abusers can use those relay services, too.

3) Credit card tracking is probably already done, but credit card services
exists to provide 'per-use' credit cards.  Plus, there are 30,000 ISPs
where the card can be used. So a single credit card has a long lifetime in
spammer disposable accounts. (even completely ignoring pink contracts)

4) Usage accounting for SMTP is hard. People have in fact tried it.  Its 
hard to keep the stats without slowing down email. However, a large stable 
of virus infected machines can send a lot of spam at low rates from each 
machine. 

5) None of this prevents disposable accounts or stolen accounts.





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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

>  On Monday, September 13, 2004 at 1:47:32 AM. William Leibzon quotes RFC
> 2822 and argues that SenderID's use of Resent-From is inconsistent with
> RFC 2822.  I disagree.
> 
> RFC 2822 specifies Resent-From is not for "forwarding", in either of the
> following two senses:
> 
> 1. Quoting from RFC 2822:
> 
>         One sense of forwarding is that a mail reading program
>         can be told by a user to forward a copy of a message to
>         another person, making the forwarded message the body
>         of the new message.  A forwarded message in this sense
>         does not appear to have come from the original sender,
>         but is an entirely new message from the forwarder of the
>         message.
> 
>    This sense of "forwarding" is normally activated by a user
>    pressing a "Forward" button in a UI (or similar action.) I
>    completely agree that "Resent-From" has no place in this sense
>    of forwarding.

I also agree with your interpretation of above quoted RFC2822 text.
 
> 2. Quoting from RFC 2822 again:
> 
>         On the other hand, forwarding is also used to mean when
>         a mail transport program gets a message and forwards it
>         on to a different destination for final delivery.
> 
>    I believe that what RFC 2822 refers to here as "forwarding" is
>    what we today more commonly refer to as "relaying".  That is,
>    when an MTA merely accepts a message destined for a particular
>    mailbox, and sends the message along to another MTA because
>    the first MTA doesn't own the mailbox.

I disagree with your interpretation here. I think RFC2822 may have meant
that use of Resent-From is inappropriate in all cases of forwarding, 
including for example when MTA finds that new email address is contained 
in its configuration (like /etc/aliases on unix systems) and has to 
forward the message further. I note that sendmail for example treats
forwarding based on aliases in quite similar way to relaying.

I would also like to add that RFC2822 may indicate that use of Resent-From 
is inappropriate for forwarding by other text as well. In particular 
the original use of From header is indicated as follows:

  3.6.2. Originator fields
     In all cases, the "From:" field SHOULD NOT contain any mailbox that
     does not belong to the author(s) of the message

That clearly implies that "From:" is to be used to indicate only the 
author of the message and not anybody else. I understand that we're
talking about "Resent-From:" (and not "From:"), but when RFC2822 
first introduces Resent fields it seems to indicate that their use
should be comparable to the original fields, i.e.:

  3.6.6. Resent fields
     Resent fields SHOULD be added to any message that is reintroduced by
     a user into the transport system.  A separate set of resent fields
     SHOULD be added each time this is done.
     ...
     Each of the resent fields corresponds to a particular field elsewhere
     in the syntax.  For instance, the "Resent-Date:" field corresponds to
     the "Date:" field and the "Resent-To:" field corresponds to the "To:"
     field.

I note that in above quoted text RFC2822 seems to indicate that use of
Resent fields is only appropriate if message is reitroduced by the user
(and its not clear how that implies in case of MTA is doing forwarding
as in example I provided above). Additionally it seems to imply that
Resent fields have the same meaning as original fields which I take
as position that Resent-From field may only be used by user who is
willing to become new author of the message (but does not make any
alterations to the content when forwarding the message). I do not
believe this applies to the case when user is the original recepient
and when MTA automaticly uses his email when adding Resent-From.

>    The position that this sense of "forwarding" really means
>    "relaying" is bolstered by the fact that RFC 2822 nowhere
>    contains the words "relay" or "relaying".
>    I completely agree with RFC 2822 that "Resent-From" has no place
>    in this sense of forwarding.
I also agree that "Resent-From" headers should not be used in this 
situaton. 

I would however add that some cases of such relaying email may pass 
through network boundary and in such situation the existing PRA algorithm 
can fail. 

For example email recepient may use several secondary MX servers
that are not on his network or controlled by it. When email comes
in first to one of those secondary MXs, the secondar MX servers
maybe able to verify email based on PRA algorithm (i.e. it comes
directly from the Sender and only has "From:" header and that header
has domain address for which SPF record lists ip address of the sender 
system). Now when this secondary MX has to relay the email to primary
MX (which lets say for simplicity is only MTA in destination network),
then secondary MX per your understanding about relaying should not
add new new "Resent-From:" or other header. In such a case the 
primary MX when it finally receives the email would still derive
same PRA address based on the headers, but ip address would be
that of secondary MX server and would fail SPF test. Now I'm hoping in 
this case the primary MX would be smart enough to recognize that its
one if its secondary MX servers and whiltelist the email, but I can
imagine there could be different simular scenarios where such thing
would no longer work properly and where use of PRA would fail when
relaying between independent networks is involved.
 
> It would probably be a good idea for Pete Resnick (editor of RFC 2822)
> to chime in on this interpretation.
Indeed his help in interpreting RFC2822 would be much appreciated.

And if he's willing to do it, I would also be interested in seeing his
interpretation on if PRA algorithm represents an obvious derivitive
or interpretation of RFC2822.

In particular I note that RFC2822 says in section 3.6.2:

  The "Sender:" field specifies the mailbox of the agent responsible for
  the actual transmission of the message.  For example, if a secretary
  were to send a message for another person, the mailbox of the secretary
  would appear in the "Sender:" field and the mailbox of the actual author
  would appear in the "From:" field.  If the originator of the message can
  be indicated by a single mailbox and the author and transmitter are
  identical, the "Sender:" field SHOULD NOT be used.  Otherwise, both
  fields SHOULD appear.

That clearly indicates that when email leaves MSA, the Sender field
should correspond to the "originator of the message". And if it is
not there, we can assume that it would have been the same as "From:"
and that is why it was omited.

Now during processing email may have been reintroduced by user and
in such cases Resent headers would have been added. As per text
I already quoted, these headers carry similar meaning as original
"From:" and "Sender:" headers, so if they are present, the top set of
these headers would (in some, but not all cases) correspond to the the 
latest reintroduction and so if Resent-Sender and Resent-From are present
they should be checked in the same order and same way as original
Sender and From. So what we get is the following order:
  1. Resent-Sender (only if present as part of set together with Resent-From)
  2. Resent-From
  3. Sender
  4. From
And that is pretty much what PRA algorithm has listed. 

And to me this all does not even appear to apply a derivitive, but simply
an interpretation of RFC2822 when looking for information of the party
responsible for last introduction of email by some user.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: What the lawyers and suits think  (was e: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004)
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On Sep 12, 2004, at 6:20 AM, Andrew Newton wrote:

>> Oh sure, it's very clever to get several major bulk email senders to 
>> agree to a standard - but at the end of the day it doesn't matter
>
> This is very inappropriate.  I don't think you would appreciate other 
> participants of this group denouncing your voice.

This was in _no_ way denouncing the senders - many of whom are 
*extremely* concerned about these issues, as they see spam as ruining 
it for everyone, and are as vested in developing a solution as any one.

It was a reference to Microsoft wooing the large-scale bulk senders. I 
*sincerely* apologize if I was not clear enough on that.

Anne




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Subject: Re: What the lawyers and suits think
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> I think her last paragraph is very important:
>
> : So the trick is to get the lawyers and the suits to realize that your
> : concerns aren't just something they have to endure - they are
> : something they have to satisfy.
>
> A similar concept needs to be considered by us: We need to realize
> that lawyer/suit concerns aren't just something we have to endure -
> they are something we have to satisfy.

Most importantly, I believe, and a point I perhaps did not highlight 
pointedly enough, is this:  the lawyers and suits are the corporate 
decision-makers.  They generally do *not* take the concerns of the 
technical people into account when making either legal or other 
corporate decisions.  Considerations regarding technical infrastructure 
are _so_ far removed from the boardroom, from the revenue and profit 
bottom lines, that typically the full extent of any consideration which 
technical concerns about a new product or project are given is a 
rolling of the eyes.  It's no different than when technical people 
raise concerns about a product to the sales people - the sales people 
just keep on selling (I know you all know what I mean here).

It is in this climate that people in this group are saying "but someone 
who has intellectual property rights to this would _never_ do that, 
because it would be wrong - or would not be the best for the Internet". 
That's horribly naive.

Their motive for wanting a product to be deployed is _very_ different 
than your motive.  It has to do with marketshare, consumer capture and 
retention, or, at best, a solution to _their own problem_.  This is 
true of *any* company, even primarily anti-spam companies, which have 
moved from garage to office suite, and *particularly* true of those 
which have moved from "a few guys doing something they care deeply 
about" to investors and shareholders.   At that point, assume they are 
in it to make money.  Moreover, assume their very reason for existing 
is to make money, and _anything else_ is a *very* distant second.  Not 
only that, but they are *required* to put the bottom line first, and do 
what is best for the shareholders - or they face unpleasant things like 
shareholder lawsuits for breach of fiduciary duty.

Now, I disagree that the tech guys - the people who are in the front 
lines of deployment -  *you guys* [collectively herein referred to as 
"the Geek Front" :-) ] - have to satisfy that drive to put the 
corporate and shareholder interests first (and I don't really think 
that's what Wayne meant, but just in case anyone read it that way).  My 
point, and I do have one, is that the lawyers and suits need to have an 
epiphany, and need to realize that this is a situation which is turned 
on its head from what they are used to - that not only do they have to 
take the concerns of the Geek Front into account - but that without the 
Geek Front they've got nothing.  That if they don't satisfy the Geek 
Front, their product will _never_ reach the marketshare they want and 
need.  That's a very unusual situation.  It's outside of their 
experience, outside of their vocabulary - outside of their realm of 
imagination that there could be a time when the tech people - the 
people who actually *run* the Internet, would tell _them_ how it's 
going to be, rather than the other way around.  But that's what has to 
happen, and I submit that the _only_ way a major corporation is going 
to be able to "own" authentication or anything else is if they get that 
they can only own it by *not* owning it.*

Anne

[*Of course, personally what I think should happen is that we need to 
take advantage of the fact that we have the best and brightest minds in 
email infrastructure technology *right here*, and that you guys should 
develop a wholly new standard (be it based on SPF or otherwise), 
completely unencumbered, commit it to open source, and then adopt the 
h*ll out of it.  *That* is what is going to get everyone on board with 
a new standard, because a) it will be a level playing field that b) 
nearly everyone will adopt except for c) those who have corporate greed 
or ego tied up in the process, and d) they will have to fall in line 
when everyone else adopts the standard.  YOU guys are in a unique 
position of both knowing what is best for the 'net, *and* getting to 
dictate that standard - *if* you do it decisively and quickly.  But 
that's just me.]




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 15:18:56 2004
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From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>,
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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 10:03 -0700, Jim Lyon wrote:
>  On Monday, September 13, 2004 at 1:47:32 AM. William Leibzon quotes RFC
> 2822 and argues that SenderID's use of Resent-From is inconsistent with
> RFC 2822.  I disagree.

Nevertheless, others take a different view, and it is most certainly
inconsistent with current practice. Given such disagreement, is there
some reason why you consider the {ab,}use of Resent-From: header to be
more appropriate than the introduction of a new header about which there
would be no such disagreement? 

If consensus is being sought, surely it makes sense to use a new header
which does not have alternative usage and meaning, unless there is an
overriding reason for it to be 'Resent-From:'?



Btw, since we're quoting RFC2822 at each other, perhaps you should pay
attention to Â§3.6.4:

   Though optional, every message SHOULD have a "Message-ID:" field.
   Furthermore, reply messages SHOULD have "In-Reply-To:" and
   "References:" fields as appropriate, as described below.

...and to RFC2119:

3. SHOULD   This word, or the adjective "RECOMMENDED", mean that there
   may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore a
   particular item, but the full implications must be understood and
   carefully weighed before choosing a different course.

Can you explain in accordance with RFC2119 precisely how the full
implications were weighed when you decided to post your reply without a
References: or In-Reply-To: header, thus detaching your reply from the
thread to which you were responding and causing inconvenience to all
members of the mailing list who wish to use a 'threaded' view of its
messages?

Please have the courtesy to use a non-broken mail client if you
participate in public fora. 

-- 
dwmw2



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 15:34:09 2004
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From: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:
> Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote:
> >
> > If I naively start checking SPF records I will get involved because my
> > users will kick up a fuss about their legitimate email being rejected.
>
>   Your users may think it's legitimate, but if it doesn't pass SPF
> checks, then the domain name they're using doesn't agree.
>   Resolving that problem is an issue between those users, and the name
> of the domain they're using.

That sounds like a statement that you are taking on the responsibility for
any problems that arise when you email a forwarding address.

> > I'll feel free to ignore your bogus SPF policy then.
>
>   Now you're getting personal.

No, I'll ignore everyone's :-)

>   And I find it interesting that you admit you're not going to follow
> the policies that other domains publish.  If this is true, I fail to
> see why you're active in this group, as any standard reached here will
> not be published, or checked, by you.
>
>   It would also appear that you're opposed to the charter goals of
> this group, or at the least, not interested in them.

I am interested in encouraging the group to agree on a standard that
doesn't break 5% of the legitimate email handled by my systems. From the
point of view of MTA authorization, I think CSV is the best solution
suggested so far. From the point of view of eliminating backscatter, I
think BATV is the best solution suggested so far. I am actively
contributing to both of these efforts. I am also working on extending BATV
into a mechanism that can eliminate envelope forgery far more effectively
and compatibly than SPF.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
NORTH FITZROY SOLE: WEST OR SOUTHWEST 6 TO GALE 8, VEERING NORTHWEST 5 TO 7.
SHOWERS. MAINLY GOOD.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 15:41:14 2004
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Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> writes:

> My concern is not about efficiency. It is about the fundamental
> ability to get any successful interoperability.

I'm concerned about that as well, but efficiency is a concern if you're
trying to process mail as quickly as possible.  The limit of 10
redirects/includes is a bit worrisome too.

> If there is no core requirement for support of a particular record
> type, then there will be clients that support only one record type and
> servers that support only another.  This means that the clients will
> not be able to access the information.
>
> The instant you talk about "duplicate queries" you are assuming that
> the client supports more than one type.  The question is whether they
> are required to.  That is, do they have a MUST for each type?

There definitely needs to be a shared MUST for one type.  At that point,
though, how much point is there in even mentioning the other?

I absolutely don't want to see a MUST for two types for the receiver if
there's no schedule for phasing TXT out.

> For Internet-scale services there can be no such thing as a flag day.
> There is not central authority to assert it.  Even if there were,
> there is no way to coordinate that scale of operation.  Even centrally
> controlled companies cannot do flag-days for large-scale deployment
> changes.

I agree it's not entirely practical, but as there is no easy or fast way
to deploy new RR types, we're limited to the non-practical.  Your point
is well made.  Maybe "flag day" is overstated, but a predefined
recommended phase-out schedule would be a good idea if the TXT record is
optional.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 16:06:06 2004
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Subject: TECH OMISSION + DEPLOY: PRA algorithm failure scenarios with mail
 lists that add only Sender header must be mentioned
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I would like to point out that in some cases use of Resent headers
by some forwarders but not by others would cause widespread failures
of PRA algorithm. 

In particular I note that currently majority of mail list software
modify/add "Sender" header to indicate that email is coming from the
mail list (and marid-core draft notes that in section 7.3)

On the other hand majority of forwarders do not add new header at all
with some inappropriatly adding Resent-From header.

The marid-core draft specifies in sections 7.2 and 7.3 that both mail
list servers and forwarders should add Resent-From headers. 

When one reads the draft and sees PRA algorithm, a person may believe
that updating mail list softwre to add Resent-From header is a low 
priority if the same software is already adding Sender header and
since that header is already checked. Same person would believe that
updating forwarders to add a header is high priority since most dont
do it and that would cause widespread failures. But this intrepretation 
is actually not true.

Lets consider the scenario of email path A->F->L->Z where A is sender,
Z is destination and where F is forwarder or mail list software that
has been updated to add Resent-From header and L is mail list that
has not been updated and only adds Sender header. In this situation,
email would contain Resent-From headers added by F on top somewhere
in between the Received headers. But the Sender header added by
mail list server L would be on the buttom (actually based on PRA
algorithm, it does not matter where it is, it would not be checked
if Resent-From is present). The result of interpretation of such email 
based on PRA algorithm would be that Resent-From header added by F
would be found to be PRA when system Z is doing the SPF2.0/PRA
verification and such SPF verification would fail because the stage
it is verifying is actually L->Z.

So in order for PRA algorithm to be used without failures its not only
all forwarders that will need to be updated to add new Resent-From
headers but also all mailing lists. That represents a significant
issue for the quick deployment and adaption of SenderID because
number of mail lists is very larger and update of all their software
may take many years. 

This issue SHOULD be mentioned as part of the marid documents so that 
everyone understands the necessity to make necessary updates before
it is possible to publish "-all" with SPF/PRA prefix if we actually
choose to proceed on this path.


P.S. I would like to request that this email be counted as part of 
last-call comments eventhough its 12 hours too late. I do also note
that previous email (about Resent-From being incompatible with RFC2822) 
should also be counted and that it was not too late because Sunday still 
falls within 3rd added week of last call period (eventhough chairs have 
already announced their decision by that time, which may not have been
appropriate given timeframe they themselve specified).

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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> From: Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. [mailto:amitchell@isipp.com]
> Most importantly, I believe, and a point I perhaps did not highlight 
> pointedly enough, is this:  the lawyers and suits are the corporate 
> decision-makers.  They generally do *not* take the concerns of the 
> technical people into account when making either legal or other 
> corporate decisions. 

I don't recall ever having a lawyer advise me to take a particular
course of action for anything other than purely defensive reasons.

Lawyers are rarely true decisions makers for that very reason, give
them four alternative choices for action and they will provide you
with reasons against five of them.


> It is in this climate that people in this group are saying 
> "but someone 
> who has intellectual property rights to this would _never_ do that, 
> because it would be wrong - or would not be the best for the 
> Internet".  That's horribly naive.

It depends who, you can usually depend on parties to follow their
own best interests. In the case of the largest computer compaines 
that generally means the industry interest as well. 

When it comes to the behemoths we are discussing whether or not
we should risk them acquiring one extra missile, and not a particularly
reliableone at that. This would worry me rather more if it wasn't
for the fact that they already own more than enough missiles to
ensure complete destruction if they go the nuclear route.


> Their motive for wanting a product to be deployed is _very_ different 
> than your motive.  It has to do with marketshare, consumer 
> capture and 
> retention, or, at best, a solution to _their own problem_.  This is 
> true of *any* company, even primarily anti-spam companies, which have 
> moved from garage to office suite, and *particularly* true of those 
> which have moved from "a few guys doing something they care deeply 
> about" to investors and shareholders.  

The folk who have recently moved from garage to VC funded startups
are actually a much bigger threat, they have no corporate interest in
the commons. The established players do.


> My  point, and I do have one, is that the lawyers and suits need 
> to have an 
> epiphany, and need to realize that this is a situation which 
> is turned 
> on its head from what they are used to - that not only do 
> they have to 
> take the concerns of the Geek Front into account - but that 
> without the 
> Geek Front they've got nothing. 

Its called mindshare. A case in point is S/MIME vs PGP. The format
dispute is an irrelevance from a technical point of view, but the
failure of S/MIME to build a deployment constituency and the failure
of PGP to gain industry support has meant that neither has been
a success.

The problem we have here is that the process was only designed to
address the technical issues. It is quite possible to go from start
to finish without having built the necessary constituency for
deployment.


		Phill



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

> You need to read specs like a lawyer, not like a programmer.
> (Programmer: if the spec says "jump", I'll jump and damn the
> consequences.  Lawyer: if the spec says "jump" and that's either
> ambiguous or nonsensical, I'll look beyond the words to the intended
> meaning.)  Admittedly, the best specs are ones that yield the same
> result to both programmers and lawyers.

As much as I'd want to be able to read some documents like a laywer, I'm 
not one and can not easily do it.

I believe and many others would probably confirm that IETF documents are 
foremost intended to be read and interpreted by engineers and programmers
and that likely scenario is that lawyer would not be able to understand
complexities and technical details of many of the IETF protocols as he/she
would not qualified unless he/she isa also engineer or programmer (such a
person is for example Karl Auerbach and I actually dont even know any other
lawyer who is also network engineer geek).

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 14:21, Jim Lyon wrote:

[snip]

>     Is the action occurring at the desire of the mailbox owner, or is
>     it occurring at the desire of the mail infrastructure owner?
> 
> Otherwise, using the reading that you propose yields an absurd and
> unimplementable result:

  The reading I propose does not *at all* yield an 'absurd and
unimplementable result'.  That you have the nerve to call it absurd
amazes me, given that it seems to be a *widely* accepted (though
obviously not by you) reading of it.  And the simple fact that it HAS
been implemented this way for quite some time is extremely clear
evidence that it is absolutely implementable.

[snip]

> You need to read specs like a lawyer, not like a programmer.

  I take exception to you telling me that I should read it like a
lawyer.  Lawyers don't have to implement these specs, so they are not
written with lawyers in mind.  And they shouldn't be.  Please read Anne
Mitchell's (she's a lawyer...oh, the irony ;-)) latest post to this list
for a good summary of my views on this (I'd provide a link, but it
hasn't shown up in the archives yet).  It's her post with the subject
'Re: What the lawyers and suits think'.
--
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

> Its called mindshare. A case in point is S/MIME vs PGP. The format
> dispute is an irrelevance from a technical point of view, but the
> failure of S/MIME to build a deployment constituency and the failure
> of PGP to gain industry support has meant that neither has been
> a success.

You bring a very important example here. I believe it was IETF failure
to achieve consensus and unified standard for signing mail that has 
results in the above deployment issue. We appear to be headed on the same
path based on the announcement by list chairs with their intent to proceed
with both SPF classic mail-from and SenderID PRA scopes without any one
of these scopes having gained consensus by the WG and leaving it up
to the deployment base to decide what would be used. 

This is so much like the S/MIME vs PGP situation (involving same two large 
groups of internet users) that it hurts me see us repeat the same mistake.
I was truly hoping this WG would be able to bring both corporate big boys 
(ala SenderID supporters who also the guys supporting S/MIME) with 
opensource geek camp (ala SPF supporters who are also support mostly PGP).

We really should try to come to one solution that has to be mandated to
be supported by this IETF group (or more then one that should be mandated)
or we'll end up in same situation and the new SPF2.0 will fail in achieving
the deployment in either of the scopes.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: What the lawyers and suits think
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 14:48:10 -0700
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On Sep 13, 2004, at 1:06 PM, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

>> From: Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. [mailto:amitchell@isipp.com]
>> Most importantly, I believe, and a point I perhaps did not highlight
>> pointedly enough, is this:  the lawyers and suits are the corporate
>> decision-makers.  They generally do *not* take the concerns of the
>> technical people into account when making either legal or other
>> corporate decisions.
>
> I don't recall ever having a lawyer advise me to take a particular
> course of action for anything other than purely defensive reasons.
>
> Lawyers are rarely true decisions makers for that very reason, give
> them four alternative choices for action and they will provide you
> with reasons against five of them.
>
>
>> It is in this climate that people in this group are saying
>> "but someone
>> who has intellectual property rights to this would _never_ do that,
>> because it would be wrong - or would not be the best for the
>> Internet".  That's horribly naive.
>
> It depends who, you can usually depend on parties to follow their
> own best interests. In the case of the largest computer compaines
> that generally means the industry interest as well.
>
> When it comes to the behemoths we are discussing whether or not
> we should risk them acquiring one extra missile, and not a particularly
> reliableone at that. This would worry me rather more if it wasn't
> for the fact that they already own more than enough missiles to
> ensure complete destruction if they go the nuclear route.
>
>
>> Their motive for wanting a product to be deployed is _very_ different
>> than your motive.  It has to do with marketshare, consumer
>> capture and
>> retention, or, at best, a solution to _their own problem_.  This is
>> true of *any* company, even primarily anti-spam companies, which have
>> moved from garage to office suite, and *particularly* true of those
>> which have moved from "a few guys doing something they care deeply
>> about" to investors and shareholders.
>
> The folk who have recently moved from garage to VC funded startups
> are actually a much bigger threat, they have no corporate interest in
> the commons. The established players do.
>
>
>> My  point, and I do have one, is that the lawyers and suits need
>> to have an
>> epiphany, and need to realize that this is a situation which
>> is turned
>> on its head from what they are used to - that not only do
>> they have to
>> take the concerns of the Geek Front into account - but that
>> without the
>> Geek Front they've got nothing.
>
> Its called mindshare. A case in point is S/MIME vs PGP. The format
> dispute is an irrelevance from a technical point of view, but the
> failure of S/MIME to build a deployment constituency and the failure
> of PGP to gain industry support has meant that neither has been
> a success.
>
> The problem we have here is that the process was only designed to
> address the technical issues. It is quite possible to go from start
> to finish without having built the necessary constituency for
> deployment.
>
>
> 		Phill
>



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: What the lawyers and suits think
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On Sep 13, 2004, at 1:06 PM, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
 >
> I don't recall ever having a lawyer advise me to take a particular
> course of action for anything other than purely defensive reasons.
>
> Lawyers are rarely true decisions makers for that very reason, give
> them four alternative choices for action and they will provide you
> with reasons against five of them.

<laugh>..only five?

Seriously - I can guarantee you that what is going on up in Redmond 
right now is that the _lawyers_ are figuring out what to do about this 
situation (as no doubt are others).  Now, it's likely that they will 
make a recommendation to other suits, so if that's what you meant by 
their not truly being decision-makers, well, yes, I don't disagree - 
perhaps "decision influencers" would be more appropriate a term, but 
don't underestimate the influence of those decisions. I certainly have 
been in situations as an in-house counsel where buy-off on my 
"recommendation" was a formality only, and I was actually the one 
making the decisions.

I'm not about to put words in Harry's mouth here, but I wouldn't be at 
all surprised if people in Harry's position are frustrated by what is 
going on with legal, and would conversely be very surprised if they 
have the ability to do a blessed thing about it.

Anne



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 13 18:34:20 2004
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Subject: Work plan for Sender ID
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Due to the fact that we released statements in two separate messages, 
there seems to be some confusion on how we intend this working group to 
proceed on Sender ID.

First, the PRA document is not being dropped.  Instead, we are 
proceeding with a document set that includes a non-encumbered (as far 
as we know) scope, "mailfrom", in addition to the "pra" scope.  As we 
stated before, the objection to PRA is based on questions of deployment 
caused by incompatibilities with open source licenses.  However, there 
were also a significant number for responses from participants stating 
that they had no such deployment issues.

Second, it does not make sense to discuss alternatives to PRA if those 
alternatives may be reasonably inferred to be covered by the patent 
application (though not necessarily the license) since this working 
group does not wish to discount Microsoft's patent application.  And 
since we do not know the specific claims of the patent application, 
construction of such an alternative would need to take into account a 
few things we do know:
    1. The patent application covers at least -core and -pra in 
combination.  There is no reason to think that Microsoft's application 
is limited to the technology in these two drafts.
    2. It does not cover MAIL FROM because this question has been 
specifically asked of Microsoft.
    3. The algorithm in -pra has changed through multiple revisions of 
the draft(s).
This would seem to at least exclude any scopes that use 2822 headers to 
identify the party most recently responsible for injecting the message.

We hope to have a schedule as soon as possible.

-andy



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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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Subject: Re: Work plan for Sender ID
References: <BB168D76-05D0-11D9-9F6C-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us>
From: Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com>
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Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> First, the PRA document is not being dropped.  Instead, we are 
> proceeding with a document set that includes a non-encumbered (as far 
> as we know) scope, "mailfrom", in addition to the "pra" scope.  As we 
> stated before, the objection to PRA is based on questions of deployment 
> caused by incompatibilities with open source licenses.  However, there 
> were also a significant number for responses from participants stating 
> that they had no such deployment issues.

Andrew, that is all true, but I think the interoperability of
deployments needs to be considered more strongly.  To use a reverse
analogy, I would not want the IETF to standardize a protocol that was
only reasonably licensed for use in GPL software (like some IBM Linux
patents are).  Deploying "pra" from when most receivers are unable to
implement it seems like a major deployment issue.
 
> Second, it does not make sense to discuss alternatives to PRA if those 
> alternatives may be reasonably inferred to be covered by the patent 
> application (though not necessarily the license) since this working 
> group does not wish to discount Microsoft's patent application.
> identify the party most recently responsible for injecting the message.

For example, I believe the "fetchmail" alternative is:

a. possibly not encumbered by the Microsoft patent(s) and we could find
   out from Microsoft upon publication of the specification
b. more likely to result in an invalidated patent *if* the patent
   application also covers the algorithm due to prior art

Then, would it not be a good idea to encourge the workgroup to begin
work on additional scopes in parallel with the other scopes?  At worst,
we would decide they were no less encumbered than PRA, but *both* (a)
and (b) would have to go against them for that to be the case.

> [...]
> This would seem to at least exclude any scopes that use 2822 headers to 

I'm really confused as to why you think that's true.  I think my
reasoning is sound, can you explain why the chairs think a parallel
effort on additional "backup" scopes (which has been suggested by more
than a few people) should be ruled out?  I don't want to delay the
initial release of a "mailfrom" scope, but I also don't think we should
wait to work on "fetchmail" (or whatever) and "helo" until after the
others are done.  By waiting, I think we might paint ourselves into a
corner where the entire specification is rejected because only
"mailfrom" is deemed interoperable by the email community as a whole and
the "pra" scope is too much of a de-facto requirement.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
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On Sun, 2004-09-12 at 18:23, Alan DeKok wrote:
> "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
>
> >>   WHAT "mail channel"?  I have described what I think of as the "mail
> >> channel", and given reasons for my conclusions.  You haven't.
> > 
> > Mail is normally passed from MTA to MTA on its journey to the destination.
> 
>   How does that affect MAIL FROM authentication via records in DNS?

There must not be assumptions made regarding mail channel integrity, so
there can not be a conclusion MAIL FROM has been authenticated.  The MTA
may be authorized to send on behalf of MAIL FROM, but that is not the
same as authenticating the entity associated with the identity MAIL FROM
as being the originator.

> > The MTA making the public delivery is often not where the message was
> > created.  The sequence of Mail Transfer Agents carrying the MAIL FROM
> > identifier is what I had referred to as the mail channel.
> 
>   None of which is relevant to MAIL FROM authentication via records in
> DNS.  The previous hops are invisible to MAIL FROM checks.

Although such hops are apparent through the RFC2822 headers, both for
these headers and the RFC2821 MAIL FROM, there is no SPF or Sender-ID
mechanism to allow the authentication of their origin.  

> > You are saying one can not be sure of the origin of the MAIL FROM, but it
> > is okay to use this identity to assert a reputation assessment against the
> > actions of the SMTP client.
> 
>   I'm saying that the recipient may not know the "true" origin, and
> that that "true" origin may be un-knowable.  The recipient CAN know
> that the current hop is authenticated, if the MAIL FROM satisfies
> authentication records in DNS.

The current hop is authorized, not authenticated, to act on behalf of
the entity associated with the MAIL FROM identity.  SPF or Sender-ID
confirmation does not mean this entity associated with the MAIL FROM
identity had originated the message.  This would be making unverifiable
assumptions about the mail channel, whether the MTA is shared, and
whether the list was "open".  A check host function will not provide the
nature of the list.

>   For the recipient, nothing else is verifiable, and therefore nothing
> else is relevant.

The EHLO name is verifiable and high relevant when there is to be a
reputation assigned for abusive actions.  

>   All I'm doing here is taking your EHLO argument, and applying it to
> MAIL FROM.  Your opposition to this process indicates conflict or
> confusion somewhere in the conversation.

The assessment of reputation must be assigned accurately to the entity
acting as the cause of the abuse.  You are extending the concept of
authorization to be synonymous with having actually acted.   

> > Now you are saying publishers should also expect to be black-listed
> > when they publish an "open" record as have AOL.
> 
>   Publishers should expect recipients to do the most curious things,
> for the most inane reasons.

What does this mean?

> > Showing the name being blocked is the entity that actually sent the
> > abusive mail will greatly aid the defense of the reputation service.
> 
>   Replace "sent" with "accepted responsibility for", and MAIL FROM
> checking is perfectly valid, if all parties agree.

How do you arrive at publishing an SPF record being tantamount to
accepting accountability for all actions of these authorized entities? 
If one were to authorize a provider to send mail, and their provider's
system became compromised, would it not be better to accredit the
provider for resulting abuse?  Won't this resolve the problem sooner
than causing an innocent party to litigate for protection from a sloppy
reputation assessment?  In the case of an "open" record, this would hold
the SPF publisher accountable for any actions within the entire Internet
should they also expect to allow mail to be forwarded.

> > >   Why?  I've explained why and how MAIL FROM accountability can be
> > > safely applied.
> > 
> > You have not.  You simply say you can hold the MAIL FROM entity
> > accountable because they published with the clear warning within some
> > discussion within this WG.
> 
>   No... that's dumb.  "MTA's don't read mailing lists".

I assume there is an entity, meaning a sentient being able to read,
associated with the MAIL FROM identity.

>   In any protocol implementation, all parties involved agree as to
> what the information means, and how to interpret it.  MARID
> implementations are nothing special in this regard.  If this WG
> publishes standards defining accountability, then it's entirely
> reasonable to expect that implementors of the standard have accepted
> that accountability.

This extension of SPF authorization into also meaning acceptance of
accountability for the actions of authorized servers should be a warning
made in all capital letters!  I think such extension of accountability
rules out a safe use of any "open" list as well as any hope of allowing
forwarding and some list servers to function. 

> > But where does it say publishing an SPF record is accepting
> > accountability for any message using this mailbox domain coming from
> > an SMTP client?  That is the million dollar question.
> 
>   That spec isn't under consideration by this group, so any answer
> would be out of scope.  But in general, I believe close examination of
> email scenarios may lead to such statements.

The marid-mpr draft shows how the authentication of the MTA client can
be accomplished separately from the mailbox-domain authorization.  By
doing both steps independently, there is no need to hold the mailbox
domain accountable for the actions of the client MTA they authorize. 
This allows the administrators of the mailbox domain to decide how they
wish to handle mail forwarding and list servers without the risk of
falsely obtaining a bad reputation.

> > I am of the opinion these assumptions are caviler and needlessly risky.
> > This risk will represent the demise of the reputation service.
> 
>   Which is why I have great skepticism that any reputation system will
> work.
> 
>   Having my ability to run an MTA depend on kissing up to some third
> party?  Sure... that fits into the freedom, and the "end to end"
> nature of the net.

It does not require everyone to use a reputation service for such a
service to be effective in curtailing abuse.  Theses services assist
providers in locating problems and fending off enough load as to remain
viable.  There is nothing that mandates use of such services, but
adopting a universal means of accurately identifying the MTA client name
is vital for there to be a name based reputation service.  SPF and
Sender-ID is worthless with respect to identifying the MTA client. 
Making the authenticated EHLO visible within the MUA will provide
superior consumer protections over the PRA algorithm, and affords easier
compliance.

Start out with a nominal list useful for coloring mail.  If protocols
like a public version of BATV become prominent, then more may find it
reasonable to declare their lists comprehensive.

-Doug




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Alan DeKok wrote:
> Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote:
> 
>>I cannot work around this problem: I have no reasonable way of knowing
>>that this forwarding relationship exists, or if I do know about it I have
>>no reasonable way of maintaining a list of example.edu's outgoing email
>>servers in order to whitelist them.
> 
> 
>   And I don't see why (in the idealogical sense) this would be your
> problem.  If other sites are forwarding your users messages, then
> that's a matter between them and the users.  You shouldn't have to be
> involved.
> 
>   Practically, the practice is common, and people resist mightily
> changing their habits.

When the sender sends a message to the receiver, the edge of the
receiver´s system in this case would be the forwarder. It is the
responsibility of the receiver to make sure that the steps taken after
the forwarder accepts the mail from the sender´s system are correct.
Therefore in this specific case, the forwarder would have to do
Sender-ID checks in order to protect its users. Therefore, you don´t
have to do anything - it´s the end users that do. In a similar fashion
when a mailing list is involved, it is the responsibility of the list to
do the Sender-ID checks at the edge when it accepts the mail from its
users, and the end users will do their own checks against the list itself.

Yakov



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Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders that
	are not compatible with RFC 2822
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To: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 05:51, David Woodhouse wrote:
> On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 05:31 -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
>
> > Additionally Received header are specially designated to be trace fields,
> > so they are like a loggin info.
> 
> That's all they are here, surely? In a world where SenderID was
> ubiquitous you'd have mail servers automatically rewriting RFC2821 and
> RFC2822 identities on outgoing mail, and the SenderID validates _only_
> that one hop; it's not end-to-end validation such as PGP, DomainKeys or
> Signed Envelope Senders would offer.
> 
> You end up using a domain-based blacklist instead of the IP-address-
> based blacklists which are already common, but other than that the
> problem hasn't changed much. It's just a way of determining which are
> legitimate mail servers, and which are not.

Neither Sender-ID nor SPF safely allow the implementation of a name
based blacklist.  I would agree there may be a means of excluding
messages where the SMTP client IP address was not authorized, but
nothing else of significance is possible from this association.  A
positive association does not indicate the mailbox domain holder to be
the originator.  A negative association does not indicate the mailbox
domain holder to be a spammer.

-Doug



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Daniel Quinlan wrote:
> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:
> 
>>Second, it does not make sense to discuss alternatives to PRA if those 
>>alternatives may be reasonably inferred to be covered by the patent 
>>application (though not necessarily the license) since this working 
>>group does not wish to discount Microsoft's patent application.
>>identify the party most recently responsible for injecting the message.
> 
> 
> For example, I believe the "fetchmail" alternative is:
> 
> a. possibly not encumbered by the Microsoft patent(s) and we could find
>    out from Microsoft upon publication of the specification
> b. more likely to result in an invalidated patent *if* the patent
>    application also covers the algorithm due to prior art
> 
> Then, would it not be a good idea to encourge the workgroup to begin
> work on additional scopes in parallel with the other scopes?  At worst,
> we would decide they were no less encumbered than PRA, but *both* (a)
> and (b) would have to go against them for that to be the case.
> 
> 
>>[...]
>>This would seem to at least exclude any scopes that use 2822 headers to 
> 
> 
> I'm really confused as to why you think that's true.  I think my
> reasoning is sound, can you explain why the chairs think a parallel
> effort on additional "backup" scopes (which has been suggested by more
> than a few people) should be ruled out?  I don't want to delay the
> initial release of a "mailfrom" scope, but I also don't think we should
> wait to work on "fetchmail" (or whatever) and "helo" until after the
> others are done.  By waiting, I think we might paint ourselves into a
> corner where the entire specification is rejected because only
> "mailfrom" is deemed interoperable by the email community as a whole and
> the "pra" scope is too much of a de-facto requirement.
> 

We can always ask Microsoft as has been done with MAILFROM. We can ask 
Harry whether Wayne´s current draft falls under the IPR claims, and the 
fetchmail algorithm. If there is a definitive negative, than we are in 
the clear.

Yakov



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> >   Replace "sent" with "accepted responsibility for", and MAIL FROM
> > checking is perfectly valid, if all parties agree.
> 
> How do you arrive at publishing an SPF record being tantamount to
> accepting accountability for all actions of these authorized 
> entities? 

When I jumped into this little game I did so with the goal of:

========================
RESTORING ACCOUNTABILITY
========================

There, just so it's clear what I'm thinking, in case it wasn't clear every
other time I've used the word "accountability" or "accountable" in an e-mail.

Yes, this means knowing who to point fingers at for mail abuse.  It would
also mean fingering a domain administration who, wittingly or otherwise,
allows a compromised system to send abusive mail on its behalf (and,
hopefully, would correct that compromise somehow.)

I wasn't aware that this working group shifted from that goal.  Has it?

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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On Sat, 11 Sep 2004, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Yes, it could replace the "Received-SPF:" header in the SPF classic
> draft.  I'm a bit lost with one of the examples (9.4), it has auth=,
> spf=, and sender-id=, but AUTH is done by the MSA, while spf resp.
> sender-id tests are done by the MX / MDA.

I included any authentication information that might be useful to an MUA
or LDA when evaluating how trustworthy the sender data is.  If for example
there are multiple layers of transport within an organization, and
sender-id, SPF and DomainKeys are only done at the border inbound but an
internal message was injected for which the client authenticated using
SMTP AUTH, I felt that fact should be relayed should the MUA or LDA wish
to make a decision based on it.

I also used it as the only available already-standard sender
authentication scheme on the books; everything else is only a draft thus
far.



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On Sep 13, 2004, at 7:23 PM, Daniel Quinlan wrote:

> I'm really confused as to why you think that's true.

The long answer:
   Because the Microsoft IPR claim calls out -pra and -core in 
combination.  And we know the algorithm has changed.  And that is why I 
wrote "This would seem to at least exclude any scopes that use 2822 
headers to identify the party most recently responsible for injecting 
the message." And I suspect it is actually broader than that.  
Therefore, using the fetchmail algorithm to do such a thing for 
anti-forgery using DNS records, which is not why the fetchmail 
algorithm is in fetchmail, seems to infringe upon the patent 
application.  No matter what, the IETF cannot decide what is and what 
is not prior art -- courts do that.

The short answer:
   Because if I had written the patent application, that's probably what 
I would have done.

-andy



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At 4:23 PM -0700 9/13/04, Daniel Quinlan wrote:
>   Deploying "pra" from when most receivers are unable to
>implement it seems like a major deployment issue.
>

Note that deployment of "pra" resource records is not in
any way encumbered.  Zone maintainers may choose to
include a "pra" scope for their domains as information for
those who choose to check it.  Those MTAs who do choose
to check it will find it at some domains and not at others (just as those
who check for the existence of a MARID record will not find it at some
domains and will find it at others).

There have been a number of assertions that there must be
a mandatory scope if there are multiple scopes.  From my
perspective, there has never been a mandatory scope; it
was always up to the zone maintainer to determine whether
or not to put a record into her zone with the relevant data.
An MTA performing a MARID check against a domain with
no MARID record finds no data; an MTA performing a MARID
check against a domain with a MARID record but with a different
scope finds no relevant data.  From an engineering standpoint,
there are differences between the two (a present record with
a different scope would likely have different caching characteristics,
and would require bare minimum parsing), but many of the
key characteristics are the same.  So going in this direction
may not result in the same level of convergence as might
have occurred with a single scope, but it is an improvement
over where we are now, with engineering consequences
that are similar to the original proposal's.

It may be worth noting also that a fair number of folks said
that they would continue to check SPF records once spfv2/pra records
were available, because they reflected different things.  Having
both scopes available allows those records to transition to the new
RR, and supports those who want to check both as well as
those who wish to check one or the other.

>  > Second, it does not make sense to discuss alternatives to PRA if those
>>  alternatives may be reasonably inferred to be covered by the patent
>>  application (though not necessarily the license) since this working
>>  group does not wish to discount Microsoft's patent application.
>>  identify the party most recently responsible for injecting the message.
>
>For example, I believe the "fetchmail" alternative is:
>
>a. possibly not encumbered by the Microsoft patent(s) and we could find
>    out from Microsoft upon publication of the specification
>b. more likely to result in an invalidated patent *if* the patent
>    application also covers the algorithm due to prior art
>
>Then, would it not be a good idea to encourge the workgroup to begin
>work on additional scopes in parallel with the other scopes?  At worst,
>we would decide they were no less encumbered than PRA, but *both* (a)
>and (b) would have to go against them for that to be the case.
>
>>  [...]
>>  This would seem to at least exclude any scopes that use 2822 headers to
>
>I'm really confused as to why you think that's true.

At least to me, the fact that the PRA algorithm has changed during
the course of the working group's deliberations but the need
for the declaration has not suggests that the original patent
claim covers the *idea* of checking the headers for the most
recent injector into the mail system against a domain-based
record maintained in the forward zone.  Even without that indication,
that is the broadest interpretation of the combination Microsoft
has identified, and many folks have indicated that they wish to
be very cautious in that regard.

That implies to me that other scopes which might later be registered have to
do something other than identify the most recent injector in order to
avoid this particular IPR filing.  Mail_from qualifies now.  If Ned Fred's
assessment is correct, the Sun algorithms would as well, since they
are meant to indicate where to send replies, rather than to identify
the most recent injector.  But they do so by not identifying the
same thing as PRA; anything that *does* the same thing as PRA
may be inferred to be covered by the declaration and license.
If Microsoft makes a different statement, of course, that would
change.  But that is my personal reading of the statements which
have been made.

Have I mentioned this was my personal opinion, said without hats?
It is so.
			regards,
				Ted Hardie



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In <200409121750.i8CHocL28553@zeder.TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE> Peter Koch <pk@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE> writes:

> And regarding the "installed base": while I appreciate the efforts by the
> proponents and the early adopters, recent counts for a certain larger
> TLD show that there are only a few thousand TXT RRs with "spf" content,
> often multiple of those existing in (below) the same 2nd level domain.
> Less than 2% of TXT RRs are used for SPF.

I seem to recall a survey of the .de TLD, but I can't find it.  (The
closest I found was your survey of DNS servers.)

If I recall correctly, the survey counted things a little bit
differently than the surveys that I've done, but the results were
reasonablely consistent when the differences were taken into account.

For example, you say that 2% of TXT records are used for SPF.  This
may well be true, but at the spot in the domain hierarchy where SPF
records are likely to be checked (the email domain names), I found 19%
back in May and 36% in my most recent survey.


Can you give me a pointer to this survey that you are referring to?
Can you explain the differences between the 2% you quote and the 36% I
found?


Across all domains, the total is certainly over 100,000 as the SPF
adoption roll is just under that number.  Many of the SPF records I
found in my survey aren't on the adoption roll since the adoption roll
is completely optional.  I would guess that there are somehwere
between 150,000 and 300,000 SPF records currently deployed.


-wayne





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In late May and late June, I conducted surveys of a list of 1.3
million email domains found in a spammer's list.  Yesterday, I ran
another survey to see how things have progressed.

There was a net increase of 5729 domains with SPF records, a 68.5%
increase in the last three months.  SPF records are by far the most
common type of TXT record usage, and if trends continue, SPF records
will represent over half of all TXT records atthe domain level by
early next year.


1289260 total domain names  (same as last time)
  39205 total TXT records found (some domains have more than one)
  14089 have SPF records -> 35.9% of all domain level TXT records are
        spf records.

  34932 domains have txt records

  99702 spf_domains adoption roll


Earlier stats as a reference:


In <x48yedh0b3.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com> wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> writes:

> 1289260 total domain names  (same as last time)
>   35115 total TXT records found (some domains have more than one)
>    8360 have SPF records -> 23.8% of all domain level TXT records are
>         spf records.
>
>   26359 domains have txt records
>
>   18968 spf_domains adoption roll
>
>      87 have Caller-ID records
>
>
>
> Last months stats as a reference:
>
> In <x4wu35ml3v.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com> wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> writes:
>
>> 1289260 total domain names
>>   33016 total TXT records found (some domains have more than one)
>>    6320 have SPF records -> 19.1% of all domain level TXT records are
>>         spf records
>>
>>   26359 domains have txt records
>>    6315 domains have spf records
>>
>>    1456 domains found that were also in the adopt roll -> 23.0%
>>
>>   14192 spf_domains adoption roll
>>
>>   61554 estimated domains have SPF records.  (This probably misses
>>         most parked domains, of which I have heard rumors that there
>>         are a least a couple hundred thousand with SPF records.
>>
>>       82 have Caller-ID records
>>       57 have both Caller-ID records and SPF records
>>       45 have "testing=true" in the C-ID records.
>>       25 have C-ID records only, of which three (10%) are microsoft.com,
>>          exchange.microsoft.com and hotmail.com
>> 



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 00:04:10 2004
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In <p06110412bd6bf051eb20@[129.46.227.161]> Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com> writes:

> It may be worth noting also that a fair number of folks said
> that they would continue to check SPF records once spfv2/pra records
> were available, because they reflected different things.  Having
> both scopes available allows those records to transition to the new
> RR, and supports those who want to check both as well as
> those who wish to check one or the other.

The SPFv1 records can not transition to the SPFv2 records unless the
both the MAILFROM and HELO scopes are added.

I again ask that the "v=spf1 " magic number be interpreted as
"spf2.0/mailfrom,helo" in the SenderID spec.


> That implies to me that other scopes which might later be registered have to
> do something other than identify the most recent injector in order to
> avoid this particular IPR filing.  Mail_from qualifies now.  If Ned Fred's
> assessment is correct, the Sun algorithms would as well, since they
> are meant to indicate where to send replies, rather than to identify
> the most recent injector.  But they do so by not identifying the
> same thing as PRA; anything that *does* the same thing as PRA
> may be inferred to be covered by the declaration and license.

As has been pointed out several times, the NOTE WELL requirement for
filing drafts and participating in this mailing list requires that
Microsoft employees inform us of any drafts that we are considering
that would be covered by their IPR.  I see no problem with proceeding
with I-Ds that deal with the 2822.From: identity and then, if someone
tells us that they have IPR covering those I-Ds, we can consider our
options.

However, this direction can not even be tried because the co-chairs do
not want to consider *any* alternatives to the PRA.  This will again
lead us to a Hobson's choice of either reject all 2822.From: checks,
or proceed with an encumbered standard that can not be deployed to on
a large percentage of the current MTAs.

I just don't understand this.  If I didn't know better, I would say
that this is an attempt to force acceptance of something that would
otherwise be quickly rejected.



-wayne



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In <BB168D76-05D0-11D9-9F6C-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> First, the PRA document is not being dropped.  Instead, we are
> proceeding with a document set that includes a non-encumbered (as far
> as we know) scope, "mailfrom", in addition to the "pra" scope.  As we
> stated before, the objection to PRA is based on questions of
> deployment caused by incompatibilities with open source licenses.
> However, there were also a significant number for responses from
> participants stating that they had no such deployment issues.

While there were quite a few people (especially by drive-by posters)
who said that they could deploy SenderID with the PRA, many expressed
reservations about the license anyway and only a few said that they
wanted the PRA.

Since the option of advancing SenderID with out the PRA was never
given, I think it is unreasonable to assume that those that express
support for SenderID were really expressing support for the PRA.

For the people who objected to the PRA due to the patent license, I
can't recall anyone that said that they would accept the PRA if other
scopes were allowed also.


I think that the PRA should be dropped since I can see no way that
there will be a rough consensus for advancing it.  Allowing other
scopes will probably not change any of the votes against the PRA, and
may well change some of the votes for it.


I think continuing with the PRA is a very poor use of this working
group's time.


-wayne



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Over-running TXT dataspace in FQDN (-protocol I believe)
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 15:45:09 +0100
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JL> But wait, I hear critics cry: Doesn't that double the number of
JL> lookups someone has to do?

To which the correct answer would have been "Yes.  But in the real world
with the way that DNS lookups actually operate the situation isn't quite
as simple as that; and in any case, other factors - such as EDNS0, the
presence of other resource record sets making fallback to DNS/TCP more
likely, and the presence of SMTP Relay clients performing their
"ANY"/"CNAME"/"MX" lookups via the same proxy DNS servers - intervene to
further complicate matters."

JL> Yes, it does.  But the large, complicated domains that have this issue
JL> are almost exactly the ones that send lots of legitimate mail.  As such,
JL> their records will usually already be in your resolver's DNS cache.
JL> (Said differently, it doesn't matter how complicated AOL's records are,
JL> because your DNS cache will only fetch them once a week.)

The paraphrase is false, for two reasons.

First: The TTL of the resource record set will affect how often they are
fetched.  The existing "TXT" resource record set for "aol.com." has a
TTL of 300 seconds, meaning that it will be fetched _at least_ once
every 5 minutes by a caching proxy DNS server.

Second: Most caching proxy DNS servers place a maximum upper bound on
resource record set TTLs.  However, not all caching proxy DNS servers
use the _same_ upper bound, and even then it is configurable in many.
(e.g.  ISC's BIND has a default upper bound of 7 days, which is
configurable with the "max-cache-ttl" option in its configuration file.
  Dan Bernstein's "dnscache" has a fixed non-configurable upper bound of
7 days.  Microsoft's DNS server has a default upper bound of 1 day,
which is configurable with the "MaxCacheTTL" value in the registry.)



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PF> It's pretty sad that people like the author of this article we
PF> got a link to still see 1:1 mapping between "remove spam" and
PF> "minimize the number of fake sender addresses". I thought "we"
PF> as a collective had educated enough people to not get articles
PF> like this.

Does this "we" include those who are, right now, educating people with 
the following?

"SPF reduces inbound spam."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./execsumm.html>

"If the message fails SPF tests, it's a forgery.
That's how you can tell it's probably a spammer."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>
(That first sentence is a lie, of course.)

"Eventually, as SMTP improves its immunity to spam,
we hope spammers will get discouraged."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>

"'Why should SPF succeed when similar proposals have failed
in the past?'  The spam problem was never as bad in the past
as it is now."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>

"Saving the world from spam is an expensive duty."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./donations.html>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 00:38:00 2004
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From: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET>
Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 15:21:35 +0100
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PK> [...] the question of whether a prefix is necessary or not is of
PK> course closely related to the choice of RR type. TXT would need
PK> a prefix, a new type would not.

A new resource record type would require a "prefix" for exactly the same
reasons that the "TXT" resource record type would.  The benefit of a
prefix in this instance is to reduce DNS response sizes, and it applies
both to abusing the "TXT" resource record type and to using a new
resource record type.

To see why this is, one needs to look at what DNS lookups SMTP Relay
clients and servers actually perform, and one needs to look at how the
"SRV" resource record type could have been defined but wasn't.

Even 3 years after the publication of RFC 2821, which obviated the
requirement that caused these to be done in the first place, many SMTP
Relay client softwares _still_ perform "ANY" DNS lookups instead of
separate "CNAME" and "MX" lookups (or, better yet in light of RFC 2821,
just "MX" lookups).  By adding SPF-style information to, say, the domain
name "aol.com.", the size of the response to an "ANY" query for that
domain name is increased (and hence so too is the likelyhood of
incurring the overhead of falling back to using DNS/TCP).

Note two important points here:

* Everyone thinks of the DNS lookups that SMTP Relay servers will be
performing, but forgets that (because so many softwares lag more than 3
years behind the times), SMTP Relay _clients_ will be affected too,
since they perform "ANY" lookups on the very same set of domain names
(i.e. those that occur in the domain name portion of an SMTP mailbox name).
* The actual type of the resource record is irrelevant.  A 128-octet
"TXT" resource record added to "aol.com." will have the same particular
effect of increasing the size of an "ANY" response as a 128-octet "FOO"
resource record would.

Now consider how "SRV" resource records could have been designed, but
weren't.  "SRV" resource records _could_ have been designed to
incorporate the protocol and the service names in their data portions

     example.org. IN SRV 86400 nicname tcp 0 0 43 whois.example.org.
     example.org. IN SRV 86400 ldap tcp 0 0 389 dir.example.org.
     example.org. IN SRV 86400 http tcp 0 0 80 www.example.org.

and service lookup would have involved performing a "SRV" lookup and
then scanning the resultant resource record set, which would have grown
with each new service defined and provided, for resource records with
names that matched the desired service.  (Do this design and its
concomitant problems seem somewhat familiar, boys and girls?)

Instead, "SRV" resource records were designed so that the service and
protocol names were encoded in the owner domain name,

     _nicname._tcp.example.org. IN SRV 86400 0 0 43 whois.example.org.
     _ldap._tcp.example.org. IN SRV 86400 0 0 389 dir.example.org.
     _http._tcp.example.org. IN SRV 86400 0 0 80 www.example.org.

and thus so that individual "SRV" resource record sets only covered
single services.  Thus, looking up the locator information for an
individual service doesn't present one with a whole slew of information
about services that one wasn't interested in, that one then has to wade
through picking out what one wants; and, also, the sizes of "SRV"
resource record sets don't grow as "SRV" lookup is defined for further
services.

In database terms (and without going into detail about the DNS database
schema): The primary key for the global, distributed, DNS database is an
<owner-name,class,type> tuple, and service lookup encodes an
<service-domain-name,class,type,protocol,service> search key into that
tuple, thereby making use of the DNS lookup mechanism to ensure that the
lookup yields only those data that are actually relevant.

Client-restriction data in fact uses a very similar
<client-domain-name,class,type,protocol,service> search key, which can
be encoded in the same way.  Ironically, this would have been clearer if
we didn't have "MX" resource records but had used "SRV" resource records
to find SMTP Relay servers.  The pairing of

     _smtp._tcp.example.org. IN SRV 86400 0 0 25 a.mx.example.org.

to locate the "example.org." SMTP Relay servers and

     _smtp._tcp.example.org. IN SPF 86400 "-all"

to publish the restrictions on the "example.org." SMTP Relay clients
would have seemed relatively straightforward.



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From: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET>
Subject: Re: AOL's stance on SenderID and IPR issues
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 18:12:14 +0100
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
  <title></title>
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
<title></title>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.51.0408271204590.32406@snoopy.smi.sendmail.com">
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">It is my understanding that Yahoo is one of the largest (if not the largest) companies using qmail and there have been substantial discussions on this list in the last day that license terms may not compatible with that at all.</pre>
  </blockquote>
  <pre wrap=""><!---->As Matt and others point out, this is irrelevant, as the license does not impact end-users of the code, only people who will redistribute it (which qmail doesn't allow anyways ;)</pre>
</blockquote>
False.Â  One is <a href="http://cr.yp.to/qmail/dist.html">permitted to
distribute the original qmail package</a>.Â  One can also <a
 href="http://cr.yp.to/softwarelaw.html">distribute other people's
patches to it</a>, as long as their own respective
licences, from their own respective authors, permit them to be
redistributed of course.Â  (And indeed, this is exactly what happens
right now with <a href="http://qmail.org./netqmail/">netqmail</a>.)Â 
Since the code covered by the purported Microsoft patent would be in a
patch, not in qmail proper, Microsoft's patent licence
would not affect qmail one whit.Â  qmail would be redistributable under
the same terms as it is now.Â  Microsoft's patent licence would,
however, affect the patch.Â  (The patch would
have to be branded with a trademark.Â  It would have to be in object
code, not source code, form.Â  It would have to be
non-redistributable by "End Users" - the Microsoft patent licence <em>does</em>
impact end users of the code - and thus couldn't be distributed under a
licence such as the GPL.Â  And so on.)Â  <br>
<br>
Moral: Don't go to an employee of Sendmail Inc. for correct information
about qmail.Â  (-:<br>
</body>
</html>



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Subject: All members of "we" please raise your hands.
Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 18:48:03 +0100
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PF> It's pretty sad that people like the author of this article we
PF> got a link to still see 1:1 mapping between "remove spam" and
PF> "minimize the number of fake sender addresses". I thought "we"
PF> as a collective had educated enough people to not get articles
PF> like this.

Does this "we" include those who are, right now, educating people with
the following?

"SPF reduces inbound spam."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./execsumm.html>

"If the message fails SPF tests, it's a forgery.
That's how you can tell it's probably a spammer."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>
(That first sentence is a lie, of course.)

"Eventually, as SMTP improves its immunity to spam,
we hope spammers will get discouraged."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>

"'Why should SPF succeed when similar proposals have failed
in the past?'  The spam problem was never as bad in the past
as it is now."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./faq.html>

"Saving the world from spam is an expensive duty."
-- <URL:http://spf.pobox.com./donations.html>



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From: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET>
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<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midDD49D3A0-F80A-11D8-AA88-000A95AC67AA@messagelabs.com">[We]
are one of the larger installations of qmail (2500 servers). However as
a commercial company, like AOL, we don't have a problem with the
[Microsoft] license. We can develop our own implementation and request
a license from Microsoft to do so. The qmail license would only affect
us if we wanted to distribute that code to others.
</blockquote>
You mean the Microsoft patent licence, not the qmail copyright
licence.Â  The <a href="http://cr.yp.to/softwarelaw.html">qmail
copyright licence doesn't affect your distribution of your own code</a>
implementing Sender-ID as an add-on to qmail.Â  It's the Microsoft
patent licence that affects that.Â  (Your own code must be branded with
a trademark.Â  You cannot distribute your own code in source form.Â  You
cannot permit the recipients to redistribute your own code in their
turn.Â  And so forth.)<br>
</body>
</html>



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From: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 17:10:34 +0100
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<blockquote type="cite"
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  <pre wrap=""><blockquote type="cite"><pre wrap="">[...] leaving the TXT records in the domain.tld dataspace, while ugly, seems like a good bit of parallelism for the SPF records that will be published in the same place.</pre></blockquote>I concur.  Purely pragmatically, many people will want to check both SPF and IETF-compliant Sender ID.  Being able to fetch both with a single query is therefore beneficial.</pre>
</blockquote>
... but also impossible if the resource records are, as here, of two
different types - <samp>TXT</samp> and <samp>SPF</samp>,
respectively.Â  (Before someone says it: No, "any" is <em>not</em> the
same as "all".)Â  In the general case, which applies here, to look up
two resource record sets of different types always requires two DNS
transactions.<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid16697.63831.938253.936526@giles.gnomon.org.uk">
  <pre wrap="">(Of course it doesn't matter if I use separate pieces of software to check SPF and Sender ID, both of which make their own queries; my local caching nameserver will still ensure that only one query is made to the authoritative nameservers.)
  </pre>
</blockquote>
That is <em>not</em> what will happen.Â  Front-end transactions to
proxy DNS servers only combine at the back-end if they are looking up
the same resource record set keyed by the same &lt;owner,class,type&gt;
tuple. <br>
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From: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET>
Subject: Re: consensus call of RR prefix
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 19:19:37 +0100
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<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0409081707070.15101-100000@sokol.elan.net">
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">It has been claimed that MTA software is generally configured to reject e-mail that comes from a domain that doesn't exist.  [...]

[...] many sites have wildcard MX records so that they can catch mail sent to any address.  This means that they want to receive mail, not matter how it is addressed within their domain, but they don't authorize sending with such addresses.  In theses cases, <strong>all domains exist (due to the wildcard MX record)</strong>, and so other people's MTAs won't reject based on domain non-existance.
    </pre>
  </blockquote>
  <pre wrap=""><!---->You're making an assumption that to check if domain exist one would make an "A" or "AAAA" query on that domain and if no record is received assume that domain is invalid, that is not correct. </pre>
</blockquote>
No.Â  He's making the assumption that if an "MX" lookup returns a
non-empty resource record set, the SMTP Relay server infers that the
domain name <em>does</em> exist.Â  And he's entirely correct.<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0409081707070.15101-100000@sokol.elan.net">
  <pre wrap="">There is important difference that should be made by implementors about dns error codes. [...]</pre>
</blockquote>
The distinction between a "no such name" error and an empty resource
record set isn't relevant to what he is discussing here.Â  The wildcard
transforms the "no such name" error into a <em>non</em>-empty <samp>MX</samp>
resource record set, <a
 href="http://homepages.tesco.net./%7EJ.deBoynePollard/FGA/verisign-internet-coup.html#ConsequencesBypassAntiUBM">just
as Verisign's wildcards did for <samp>A</samp> resource record sets</a>.<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0409081707070.15101-100000@sokol.elan.net">
  <pre wrap="">Actually to be more precise NODATA should be given if answer section is empty, [...]</pre>
</blockquote>
Wrong.Â  RFC 2308 shows several response forms comprising complete
answers with empty resource record sets, that do <em>not</em> have
empty "answer" sections.Â  Not only is an empty "answer" section <em>not</em>
the definition of an empty resource record set answer, it actually
doesn't convey the empty resource record set properly (because of a
schema mismatch between the DNS protocol and the DNS database).Â  It
doesn't convey the TTL information for the empty resource record set.<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0409081707070.15101-100000@sokol.elan.net">
  <pre wrap="">but dns resolvers can't make this assumption because of other problems; </pre>
</blockquote>
They cannot make that assumption because it is a wrong one to make.<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0409081707070.15101-100000@sokol.elan.net">
  <pre wrap="">At the same time query for A when there is an AAAA on some servers would cause an AAAA to be addded to additional section, or possible that is the other way around...</pre>
</blockquote>
Either way around is perfectly legitimate.Â  The well-known problem with
some (broken) content DNS server softwares and <samp>AAAA</samp>
resource record sets is that they'll answer with the data for an <samp>A</samp>
query but give a "no such name" answer to an <samp>AAAA</samp> query,
making the apparent existence of the name in IP6-aware applications
dependent from the exact relative order in which the <samp>A</samp>
and <samp>AAAA</samp> lookups are done.<br>
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 01:24:56 2004
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From: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET>
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<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid200408261200.21556.davidb@verisignlabs.com">
  <pre wrap="">The existence of names block wildcards at that name, and for any name below that name.</pre>
</blockquote>
True for wildcards when one follows the RFC 1034 algorithm, and the
operation of wildcards on some content DNS server softwares in some
configurations.Â  However, not true in the general case.Â  Wildcards
operate differently in several content DNS server softwares.Â  <br>
<br>
For example 1: With <a href="http://cr.yp.to/djbdns.html">Dan
Bernstein's <samp>tinydns</samp></a>, the existence of <samp>mx.example.org.</samp>
does not prevent <samp>*.example.org.</samp> from matching <samp>a.mx.example.org.</samp>.Â 
Only an explicit <samp>a.mx.example.org.</samp> record, of any type,
does that.<br>
<br>
For example 2: With Microsoft's DNS server <a
 href="http:/microsoft.com./windows2000/techinfo/reskit/en-us/regentry/46758.asp">configured
to use "loose wildcarding"</a>, the existence of <samp>mx.example.org.</samp>
does not prevent <samp>*.example.org.</samp> from matching <samp>a.mx.example.org.</samp>.Â 
Only an explicit <samp>a.mx.example.org.</samp> record <em>of the
requested type</em> does that.<br>
<br>
Ironically, these both provide the behaviour that people often actually
want (and ask for, <a
 href="http://intac.com./%7Ecdp/cptd-faq/section5.html#mx">again</a>
and <a
 href="http://www.acmebw.com./askmrdns/archive.php?category=85&amp;question=60">again</a>)
when they set up wildcard "MX" resource record sets, but that the RFC
1034 algorithm does not give them.
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid200408261200.21556.davidb@verisignlabs.com">
  <pre wrap="">It is true that wildcards are not useful as a default "fall-back" record solution.  They never were.  </pre>
</blockquote>
One better fallback mechanism would be to adopt the same fallback
mechanism as used by <samp>nsupdate</samp> and <a
 href="http://www.ripe.net./ripe/mail-archives/dns-wg/2002/msg00051.html">the
de facto WHOIS service DNS lookup scheme</a>, namely if the domain name
in question is <samp>fred.example.co.uk.</samp>, perform the following
lookups:<br>
<ol>
  <li><samp>IN SPF _smtp._tcp.fred.example.co.uk.</samp></li>
  <li><samp>IN SPF _smtp._tcp.example.co.uk.</samp></li>
  <li><samp>IN SPF _smtp._tcp.co.uk.</samp><br>
    <samp></samp></li>
  <li><samp>IN SPF _smtp._tcp.uk.</samp></li>
  <li><samp>IN SPF _smtp._tcp.</samp></li>
</ol>
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 01:35:08 2004
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To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: Work plan for Sender ID
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 22:56:16 -0600
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wayne wrote:
>The SPFv1 records can not transition to the SPFv2 records unless the
>both the MAILFROM and HELO scopes are added.
>
>I again ask that the "v=spf1 " magic number be interpreted as
>"spf2.0/mailfrom,helo" in the SenderID spec.

I am also interested in a response to this request. It seems reasonable to
me.

Michael R. Brumm



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<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid81AC085044D04B429F5FB883D94FA1AF8FAD6B@df-fido-msg.exchange.corp.microsoft.com">
  <pre wrap="">The DNS resolver APIs on all Microsoft OS's don't let you query for an unknown record type.</pre>
</blockquote>
<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com./library/en-us/dns/dns/dnsquery.asp">Rubbish.</a><br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid81AC085044D04B429F5FB883D94FA1AF8FAD6B@df-fido-msg.exchange.corp.microsoft.com">
  <pre wrap="">Even if you write your own DNS resolver code, if you're behind a firewall created by Microsoft ISA Server, you usually can't successfully send and receive a query for a new record type.</pre>
</blockquote>
If one is behind certain makes and models of firewalls, one cannot use
EDNS, too.Â  Yet RFC 2671 has made it on to the standards track.<br>
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  <pre wrap="">Any requirement (or even expectation) of DNS over TCP will probably kill widespread adoption of Sender ID, as DNS over TCP does not work over a large number of networks. Either it's blocked at a firewall, or it's disabled on the DNS server.</pre>
</blockquote>
If DNS/TCP is blocked at a firewall, then that firewall is badly
configured.Â  (People often come to DNS discussion fora asking what
shape of holes they should knock into their firewalls.Â  <a
 href="http://homepages.tesco.net./%7EJ.deBoynePollard/FGA/dns-shaped-firewall-holes.html#InternalResolvingProxy">The
frequently given answer on the subject clearly states that such holes
will encompass DNS/TCP for the back-ends of resolving proxy DNS servers</a>.)Â 
And if you think that resolving proxy DNS server softwares have the
capability of disabling the use of DNS/TCP, then you are confused.Â  <em>No</em>
mainstream resolving proxy DNS server has such a capability (and quite
rightly so, given RFC 1123 section 6.1.3.2).Â  Only <em>content</em>
DNS server softwares provide anything <em>remotely like</em> such a
capability, and only one mainstream DNS server software package, <a
 href="http://cr.yp.to/djbdns.html">djbdns</a>, actually has the
ability to selectively disable the use of DNS/TCP for its content DNS
service.Â  Other content DNS server softwares have the capability of
disabling the "zone transfer" database replication mechanism; but that
is <em>not</em> the same as disabling the use of DNS/TCP, old wives
tales to the contrary notwithstanding.<br>
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 04:49:12 2004
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Subject: Re: [Accountability!] RE: SPF abused by spammers
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Gordon Fecyk <gordonf@pan-am.ca>
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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 19:25 -0500, Gordon Fecyk wrote:
> There, just so it's clear what I'm thinking, in case it wasn't clear every
> other time I've used the word "accountability" or "accountable" in an e-mail.
> 
> Yes, this means knowing who to point fingers at for mail abuse.  It would
> also mean fingering a domain administration who, wittingly or otherwise,
> allows a compromised system to send abusive mail on its behalf (and,
> hopefully, would correct that compromise somehow.)

Right. SPF and SenderID provide that accountability only for a single
hop at a time. They do not provide end-to-end validation of a given
email address. 

I could quite happily forge mail which appears to be from you by using
an SRS reverse-path at my own domain containing your address, and a
Resent-From: header with your username at my own domain despite the
From: header still containing your normal address. Most users are naÃ¯ve
enough not to notice, and those who _would_ notice are mostly the same
people who'd notice it without SenderID due to the Received: headers
anyway.

Of course, if I did that a lot my domain name would end up in a
blacklist -- my mail servers would be considered untrustworthy.

That's the point -- it's a hop-by-hop scheme. It's _all_ about how much
you trust the one mail server which is sending you mail. Where before we
had IP-based blacklists, now there are domain-based blacklists, without
which SPF/SenderID is largely not useful.

Since mail servers in the Brave New World are expected to modify the
outgoing mail to add their 'domain', and since they can arbitrarily
choose _any_ 'domain' which has a record permitting their IP address,
it's clear that the 'domain' used for the check has essentially become
just an arbitrary key into the blacklist/whitelist/trustdb. And that
trust database isn't optional -- it's a required part of the scheme if
the SenderID information is to be useful.

So why are we looking at only mailfrom and pra scopes? There are many
other arbitrary keys which we could use for the database -- all we need
is some means of checking that the presenting mail host really is
authorised to claim allegiance with whichever entity is represented by
the key. 

One suggestion would be to use the signer of a TLS certificate. Every
mail server in an administrative domain would present its TLS cert, and
each cert signed to show that it legitimately belongs to that domain.
Then your whitelist/blacklist/trustdb is keyed on the signing
certificates. Note that 'administrative domain' isn't necessarily
equivalent to DNS domain. And that self-signed certs are fine -- there's
no need to pay anyone for a cert.

Using the HELO scope is another possibility which makes some sense.
Unlike the mailfrom or pra scopes, limiting the use of a given HELO name
to certain IP addresses does actually have some basis in the real world
today.

Other alternatives might include a new SMTP extension for the client to
provide its 'identity', which can be verified either by IP address or
perhaps other means. The possibilities are endless -- there are many
options which would not have the deployment and accuracy problems of the
mailfrom and pra scopes.

However, the mailfrom and pra scopes are not workable in today's
Internet because they are based on the fundamentally flawed assumption
that forwarding hosts will be upgraded to behave in strange and
controversial new ways. Deployment of new standards in email is
_extremely_ slow even when they are clearly a good thing, and the new
world required to make the mailfrom and pra scopes actually workable
would, in my opinion, _never_ be reached.

I propose that we should abandon the mailfrom and pra scopes which abuse
the RFC2821 and RFC2822 source addresses as a trust-database key, and
instead look for alternative keys for our trust database -- such as the
TLS certificate or the HELO name -- which do not break existing
practice.

Separate work is ongoing to provide end-to-end solutions for assuring
that RFC2821 and RFC2822 sender addresses really are valid. A hop-by-hop
scheme cannot reliably guarantee that _anyway_; SenderID and SPF are
useful for assigning trust to individual (or groups of) mail hosts only,
and there are _better_ ways of doing that than abusing the sender
identities in a way which requires us to 'upgrade' all existing mail
installations to cope.

-- 
dwmw2




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Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders that are  
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William at elan wrote:

> I note that in above quoted text RFC2822 seems to indicate that use of
> Resent fields is only appropriate if message is reitroduced by the user
> (and its not clear how that implies in case of MTA is doing forwarding
> as in example I provided above). Additionally it seems to imply that
> Resent fields have the same meaning as original fields which I take
> as position that Resent-From field may only be used by user who is
> willing to become new author of the message (but does not make any
> alterations to the content when forwarding the message). I do not
> believe this applies to the case when user is the original recepient
> and when MTA automaticly uses his email when adding Resent-From.

However you could argue, and I would, that particularly in the case of
~/.forward and any kind of aliases that the user themselves have
re-introduced the message into the mechanism.

It may be an automated action, but it is in response to the users
instruction (or the instruction of someone acting on their behalf) it just
happens to be a "standing order" rather than an explicit decision per
message.

I'd also strongly support the notion that the user had reintroduced the
message by knowingly sending a mail to a mechanism designed to re-introduce
it to the system, such as a mailinglist.

d.


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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: Work plan for Sender ID
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On Sep 14, 2004, at 12:12 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> Dont you think its more appropraite per IETF practice (and based on 
> opinions
> expressed by the majority of participants of this WG) to say and do the
> other way around, that should proceed on the non-encumbered scopes 
> first
> and in addition may consider "encumbered" scopes if they bring enough
> benefits to make it worth deploying and if there are no non-encumbered
> alternatives that can achieve similar results?
>
>> As we  stated before, the objection to PRA is based on questions of
>> deployment caused by incompatibilities with open source licenses.
>
> There have been significant number of objections to PRA on the 
> technical
> ground as well and most of these have not been answered. But IPR issues
> caused so much more discussions that technical problems were not being
> noticed. But to say that IPR issues with deployment is the only 
> objection
> to SenderID/PRA in its correction form is simply incorrect.
>
>> However, there were also a significant number for responses from
>> participants stating that they had no such deployment issues.
>
> I would point out that majority of those expressing support were large
> companies who are actually "end-users" that are willing to enter dns
> records for their domains. This is significantly less important then
> issues of software writers that have to implement capabilities to check
> these records.
>

It would seem that not everyone agrees with you on these points;  from 
a news.com article covering the very discussions going on here (you all 
are aware that the press is reading these archives and reporting on 
what they are reading, right?)...anyways, from a news.com article 
entitled "Standards group scuttles Microsoft e-mail proposal":

"Microsoft spokesman Sean Sundwall said the company would continue with 
its plans
to develop its own proposal, Caller ID for E-mail. In August, Microsoft 
had
feted more than 80 e-mail service providers in Redmond, Wash., as part 
of the
E-mail Service Provider Consortium. Between the company's participation 
in that
group and the Anti-Spam Technical Alliance, Microsoft has done a good 
job of
selling major Internet infrastructure companies on the benefits of its 
proposal.

Sundwall would not say whether the IETF's censure would hinder the 
company's
quest to get its Caller ID proposal accepted as a de facto Internet 
standard.
But he did note that many participants stayed out of the vote on 
Microsoft's
involvement.

"If you look at the number of contributors that (voted), it is very 
small," he
said."

Full article at http://news.com.com/2100-1032-5364075.html

Anne




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On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 06:48:03PM +0100,
 Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET> wrote 
 a message of 28 lines which said:

> Does this "we" include those who are, right now, educating people with
> the following?

spf.pobox.com contains many marketing promises that
are... careless. (Some people could say "dishonest".) They also keep
pretending that there are "RFCs" about SPF. webmaster@pobox.com never
replies on such matters.

Nevertheless, here, in the MARID working group, we can say the truth
:-) SPF (or SenderID) does not assert anything about the spaminess of
the message but about its authenticity (a spam can be authentic).
 



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On Mon, Sep 13, 2004 at 04:56:29PM +0100,
 Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET> wrote 
 a message of 32 lines which said:

>    and only one mainstream DNS server software package, [2]djbdns,
>    actually has the ability to selectively disable the use of
>    DNS/TCP for its content DNS service.  Other content DNS server
>    softwares have the capability of disabling the "zone transfer"
>    database replication mechanism; but that is not the same as
>    disabling the use of DNS/TCP, old wives tales to the contrary
>    notwithstanding.

I am not sure you know what you are talking about. nsd
(http://www.nlnetlabs.nl/nsd/), which is used for k.root-servers.net
and for our ns2.nic.fr, has such a capability (just run it with -n 0).




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On Monday, September 13, 2004 at 10:39 PM, Jonathan de Boyne-Pollard
said:
 
> > The DNS resolver APIs on all Microsoft OS's don't let you
> > query for an unknown record type.
> Rubbish.
> <http://msdn.microsoft.com./library/en-us/dns/dns/dnsquery.asp>

If you're behind a firewall and you call this API with an unknown record
type, it will fail with INVALID_PARAMETER.


> If one is behind certain makes and models of firewalls, one
> cannot use EDNS, too.  Yet RFC 2671 has made it on to the
> standards track.

Yep. But RFC 2671 doesn't mandate that resolvers use it.  RFC 2671 was
carefully designed so that DNS is still usable if either the resolver or
the server doesn't understand EDNS.  I'm just asking for similar
behavior.

-- Jim Lyon 



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> First, the PRA document is not being dropped.  Instead, we are 
> proceeding with a document set that includes a non-encumbered (as far 
> as we know) scope, "mailfrom", in addition to the "pra" scope. 

Dont you think its more appropraite per IETF practice (and based on opinions
expressed by the majority of participants of this WG) to say and do the 
other way around, that should proceed on the non-encumbered scopes first 
and in addition may consider "encumbered" scopes if they bring enough 
benefits to make it worth deploying and if there are no non-encumbered 
alternatives that can achieve similar results?

> As we  stated before, the objection to PRA is based on questions of 
> deployment caused by incompatibilities with open source licenses.  

There have been significant number of objections to PRA on the technical
ground as well and most of these have not been answered. But IPR issues
caused so much more discussions that technical problems were not being
noticed. But to say that IPR issues with deployment is the only objection
to SenderID/PRA in its correction form is simply incorrect.

> However, there were also a significant number for responses from 
> participants stating that they had no such deployment issues.

I would point out that majority of those expressing support were large 
companies who are actually "end-users" that are willing to enter dns 
records for their domains. This is significantly less important then 
issues of software writers that have to implement capabilities to check 
these records.

Unless I'm mistaken opensource mail servers account for > 60% of deployed
email servers on the internet. You simply can not discount that majority
of them will not be implementing SenderID (because their email server
software package would not be implementing it).

> Second, it does not make sense to discuss alternatives to PRA if those 
> alternatives may be reasonably inferred to be covered by the patent 
I disagree. I do not believe we can reasomably infer if the aleternative
is convered by IPR unless that alternative is allowed to be presented.

There is also exist a very "interesting" way of finding out if alternative
is covered by IPR or not. One may send a draft as individual submission
and if Microsoft is aware of the draft being published, it will have to 
disclose that it has IPR claims on what is presented there if their
patent seems to apply for it. If they don't disclose it, we can assume
that the draft had no IPR claims and may then proceed working on it in WG.

> application (though not necessarily the license) since this working 
> group does not wish to discount Microsoft's patent application. 
There has not been clear consensus of WG wants or does not want to
discount Microsoft patent application, but the number of people on 
this WG arguing to ignore the patent claims were actually highier
then number of people that argued against it.

> And since we do not know the specific claims of the patent application, 
> construction of such an alternative would need to take into account a 
> few things we do know:
>     1. The patent application covers at least -core and -pra in 
> combination.  There is no reason to think that Microsoft's application 
> is limited to the technology in these two drafts.

Actually there are good reasons to believe that. Microsoft people have 
specifically commented that their IPR claims do not extend to any of the 
documents alone. This seems to imply that IPR issue is very specific to 
combination of those two documents and does not likely extend further.

>     2. It does not cover MAIL FROM because this question has been 
> specifically asked of Microsoft.
Good.

>     3. The algorithm in -pra has changed through multiple revisions of 
> the draft(s).
The changes were minor to account for cases of bad or incomplete header 
data. Order of headers in PRA algorithm has not changed.

> This would seem to at least exclude any scopes that use 2822 headers to 
> identify the party most recently responsible for injecting the message.

I completely reject this conclusion as not being based on the facts
presented so far to this WG.

Unless you know something of specifics of their patent that we dont I dont
see any base to believe that IPR claims is so widespread to cover ANY 
2822 headers that we may come up with.

Furthermore the "party responsible for injecting the message" is not the
only alternative available to us when working on algorithm that cover
previous hop in the email transaction. And I have alredy given an 
alternative that is not based on it, but based on "party responsible
for transmission of the message on its email network".
 
---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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> a news.com article covering the very discussions going on here (you all 
> are aware that the press is reading these archives and reporting on 
> what they are reading, right?)...anyways, from a news.com article 
> entitled "Standards group scuttles Microsoft e-mail proposal":

Media is reading too much into technical and other discussions going on
this group. This kind of media attention in my view is not helpfull to
the the IETF process. It also allows different sides instead of using
technical arguments inline with IETF process to pressure ietf into making 
possibly bad decisions due to presumed interest from outside based for 
example on wild speculation that they represent large groups (when these 
groups are in fact unwilling to comment directly) and by using interviews,
press-conferences and other vendor organized public events to bolster 
their own image.

It would be great if media stop interfering with our process until the WG 
actually produces standard track RFC documents. At that time, if documents
were produced according with IETF standard process and represent concensus
of WG participants on the technical solution that does not violate existing 
standards, then it becomes an issue of deployment of new standard/protocol
and media exposure becomes very helpfull in widespread adaption of the
new technology.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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On Tue, 13 Sep 2004, Daniel Quinlan wrote:
>
> For example, I believe the "fetchmail" alternative is:

I don't think the fetchmail algorithm is suitable. It's trying to guess
what the return path was in the absence of any SMTP-time information and
in the presence of crap installations that don't add a Return-Path: field
when delivering into the POP mailbox. A /fetchmail scope would be
semantically identical to a /mailfrom scope, but with some additional
heuristics intended for use with non-standard and misconfigured systems.
This is not appropriate for a technical standard.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SELSEY BILL TO LYME REGIS: SOUTHWEST VEERING WEST 6 TO GALE 8, DECREASING 4 OR
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Subject: Re: Work plan for Sender ID
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On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 02:58:17AM -0700,
 william(at)elan.net <william@elan.net> wrote 
 a message of 30 lines which said:

> It would be great if media stop interfering with our process until
> the WG actually produces standard track RFC documents.

It is of course impossible in a free country. And it would not even be
sensible: face it, IETF working groups no longer work in a purely
technical environment. Their decisions affect the work and lives of
many people and media attention on a public process is perfectly
normal and I wish it goes on (of course, I also wish future papers in
the media to be more informed...)



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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 13:44:26 +0200
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Sep 11, 2004, at 19:59, Andrew Newton wrote:

> 2) On the issue of compliance with the use of the TXT record, the 
> working group has at least rough consensus that TXT usage is 
> acceptable for compliance and should not be specified as a 
> configuration that will be non-compliant.  However, there is at least 
> rough consensus that the use of the SPF-specific record type is more 
> desirable than the use of a TXT record type.  It is the opinion of the 
> co-chairs that the -protocol document clearly state that the usage of 
> TXT records will most likely be deprecated by future protocol 
> definition.

Given this text it is not clear to me whether the -protocol document 
will specify any kind of use of TXT records.

My view is still that:

- TXT records are in use for SPF and friends already
- There is no need for the MARID wg to specify how to use TXT records
- Instead the MARID wg should specify a new RR Type, and specify how it 
is used

I.e. it is enough with one transition, from what some people use today, 
to what the MARID wg is specifying. Yes, it is ok for the -protocol 
document to talk about this transition, but...I don't like seeing 
"short term deployment of MARID things" because short-term doesn't 
exist on the Internet.

       Patrik



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On Sep 13, 2004, at 10:21 AM, Jonathan de Boyne Pollard wrote:

> Even 3 years after the publication of RFC 2821, which obviated the
> requirement that caused these to be done in the first place, many SMTP
> Relay client softwares _still_ perform "ANY" DNS lookups instead of
> separate "CNAME" and "MX" lookups (or, better yet in light of RFC 2821,
> just "MX" lookups).

I looked into this about a year ago and found that most MTAs did MX 
then A,AAAA.

-andy



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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: DNS Record Types
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 15:03:50 +0200
To: "Jim Lyon" <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
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On Sep 14, 2004, at 08:57, Jim Lyon wrote:

> On Monday, September 13, 2004 at 10:39 PM, Jonathan de Boyne-Pollard
> said:
>
>>> The DNS resolver APIs on all Microsoft OS's don't let you
>>> query for an unknown record type.
>> Rubbish.
>> <http://msdn.microsoft.com./library/en-us/dns/dns/dnsquery.asp>
>
> If you're behind a firewall and you call this API with an unknown 
> record
> type, it will fail with INVALID_PARAMETER.

What is the chance/risk you have some box behind a firewall, allow 
incoming traffic using port 25/TCP but disallow the box to make 
outgoing 53/UDP+TCP connections?

I.e. yes, you are correct on this limitation, but, it will in reality 
be possible for the box to send and receive DNS packets by itself IF it 
is located so it accept incoming SMTP connections over the Internet. 
And I claim enough boxes will be able to do that, and that a minority 
will have the problem.

    paf



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Subject: Re: [Accountability!] RE: SPF abused by spammers
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 19:25 -0500, Gordon Fecyk wrote:
> There, just so it's clear what I'm thinking, in case it wasn't clear every
> other time I've used the word "accountability" or "accountable" in an e-mail.
> 
> Yes, this means knowing who to point fingers at for mail abuse.  It would
> also mean fingering a domain administration who, wittingly or otherwise,
> allows a compromised system to send abusive mail on its behalf (and,
> hopefully, would correct that compromise somehow.)

Right. SPF and SenderID provide that accountability only for a single
hop at a time. They do not provide end-to-end validation of a given
email address. 

I could quite happily forge mail which appears to be from you by using
an SRS reverse-path at my own domain containing your address, and a
Resent-From: header with your username at my own domain despite the
From: header still containing your normal address. Most users are naÃ¯ve
enough not to notice, and those who _would_ notice are mostly the same
people who'd notice it without SenderID due to the Received: headers
anyway.

Of course, if I did that a lot my domain name would end up in a
blacklist -- my mail servers would be considered untrustworthy.

That's the point -- it's a hop-by-hop scheme. It's _all_ about how much
you trust the one mail server which is sending you mail. Where before we
had IP-based blacklists, now there are domain-based blacklists, without
which SPF/SenderID is largely not useful.

Since mail servers in the Brave New World are expected to modify the
outgoing mail to add their 'domain', and since they can arbitrarily
choose _any_ 'domain' which has a record permitting their IP address,
it's clear that the 'domain' used for the check has essentially become
just an arbitrary key into the blacklist/whitelist/trustdb. And that
trust database isn't optional -- it's a required part of the scheme if
the SenderID information is to be useful.

So why are we looking at only mailfrom and pra scopes? There are many
other arbitrary keys which we could use for the database -- all we need
is some means of checking that the presenting mail host really is
authorised to claim allegiance with whichever entity is represented by
the key. 

One suggestion would be to use the signer of a TLS certificate. Every
mail server in an administrative domain would present its TLS cert, and
each cert signed to show that it legitimately belongs to that domain.
Then your whitelist/blacklist/trustdb is keyed on the signing
certificates. Note that 'administrative domain' isn't necessarily
equivalent to DNS domain. And that self-signed certs are fine -- there's
no need to pay anyone for a cert.

Using the HELO scope is another possibility which makes some sense.
Unlike the mailfrom or pra scopes, limiting the use of a given HELO name
to certain IP addresses does actually have some basis in the real world
today.

Other alternatives might include a new SMTP extension for the client to
provide its 'identity', which can be verified either by IP address or
perhaps other means. The possibilities are endless -- there are many
options which would not have the deployment and accuracy problems of the
mailfrom and pra scopes.

However, the mailfrom and pra scopes are not workable in today's
Internet because they are based on the fundamentally flawed assumption
that forwarding hosts will be upgraded to behave in strange and
controversial new ways. Deployment of new standards in email is
_extremely_ slow even when they are clearly a good thing, and the new
world required to make the mailfrom and pra scopes actually workable
would, in my opinion, _never_ be reached.

I propose that we should abandon the mailfrom and pra scopes which abuse
the RFC2821 and RFC2822 source addresses as a trust-database key, and
instead look for alternative keys for our trust database -- such as the
TLS certificate or the HELO name -- which do not break existing
practice.

Separate work is ongoing to provide end-to-end solutions for assuring
that RFC2821 and RFC2822 sender addresses really are valid. A hop-by-hop
scheme cannot reliably guarantee that _anyway_; SenderID and SPF are
useful for assigning trust to individual (or groups of) mail hosts only,
and there are _better_ ways of doing that than abusing the sender
identities in a way which requires us to 'upgrade' all existing mail
installations to cope.

-- 
dwmw2





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To: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: Work plan for Sender ID
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> a news.com article covering the very discussions going on here (you all 
> are aware that the press is reading these archives and reporting on 
> what they are reading, right?)...anyways, from a news.com article 
> entitled "Standards group scuttles Microsoft e-mail proposal":

Media is reading too much into technical and other discussions going on
this group. This kind of media attention in my view is not helpfull to
the the IETF process. It also allows different sides instead of using
technical arguments inline with IETF process to pressure ietf into making 
possibly bad decisions due to presumed interest from outside based for 
example on wild speculation that they represent large groups (when these 
groups are in fact unwilling to comment directly) and by using interviews,
press-conferences and other vendor organized public events to bolster 
their own image.

It would be great if media stop interfering with our process until the WG 
actually produces standard track RFC documents. At that time, if documents
were produced according with IETF standard process and represent concensus
of WG participants on the technical solution that does not violate existing 
standards, then it becomes an issue of deployment of new standard/protocol
and media exposure becomes very helpfull in widespread adaption of the
new technology.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: Work plan for Sender ID
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On Sep 14, 2004, at 12:12 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> Dont you think its more appropraite per IETF practice (and based on 
> opinions
> expressed by the majority of participants of this WG) to say and do the
> other way around, that should proceed on the non-encumbered scopes 
> first
> and in addition may consider "encumbered" scopes if they bring enough
> benefits to make it worth deploying and if there are no non-encumbered
> alternatives that can achieve similar results?
>
>> As we  stated before, the objection to PRA is based on questions of
>> deployment caused by incompatibilities with open source licenses.
>
> There have been significant number of objections to PRA on the 
> technical
> ground as well and most of these have not been answered. But IPR issues
> caused so much more discussions that technical problems were not being
> noticed. But to say that IPR issues with deployment is the only 
> objection
> to SenderID/PRA in its correction form is simply incorrect.
>
>> However, there were also a significant number for responses from
>> participants stating that they had no such deployment issues.
>
> I would point out that majority of those expressing support were large
> companies who are actually "end-users" that are willing to enter dns
> records for their domains. This is significantly less important then
> issues of software writers that have to implement capabilities to check
> these records.
>

It would seem that not everyone agrees with you on these points;  from 
a news.com article covering the very discussions going on here (you all 
are aware that the press is reading these archives and reporting on 
what they are reading, right?)...anyways, from a news.com article 
entitled "Standards group scuttles Microsoft e-mail proposal":

"Microsoft spokesman Sean Sundwall said the company would continue with 
its plans
to develop its own proposal, Caller ID for E-mail. In August, Microsoft 
had
feted more than 80 e-mail service providers in Redmond, Wash., as part 
of the
E-mail Service Provider Consortium. Between the company's participation 
in that
group and the Anti-Spam Technical Alliance, Microsoft has done a good 
job of
selling major Internet infrastructure companies on the benefits of its 
proposal.

Sundwall would not say whether the IETF's censure would hinder the 
company's
quest to get its Caller ID proposal accepted as a de facto Internet 
standard.
But he did note that many participants stayed out of the vote on 
Microsoft's
involvement.

"If you look at the number of contributors that (voted), it is very 
small," he
said."

Full article at http://news.com.com/2100-1032-5364075.html

Anne




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Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders that are  
     not compatible with RFC 2822
To: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
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William at elan wrote:

> I note that in above quoted text RFC2822 seems to indicate that use of
> Resent fields is only appropriate if message is reitroduced by the user
> (and its not clear how that implies in case of MTA is doing forwarding
> as in example I provided above). Additionally it seems to imply that
> Resent fields have the same meaning as original fields which I take
> as position that Resent-From field may only be used by user who is
> willing to become new author of the message (but does not make any
> alterations to the content when forwarding the message). I do not
> believe this applies to the case when user is the original recepient
> and when MTA automaticly uses his email when adding Resent-From.

However you could argue, and I would, that particularly in the case of
~/.forward and any kind of aliases that the user themselves have
re-introduced the message into the mechanism.

It may be an automated action, but it is in response to the users
instruction (or the instruction of someone acting on their behalf) it just
happens to be a "standing order" rather than an explicit decision per
message.

I'd also strongly support the notion that the user had reintroduced the
message by knowingly sending a mail to a mechanism designed to re-introduce
it to the system, such as a mailinglist.

d.


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> That's the point -- it's a hop-by-hop scheme. It's _all_ 
> about how much
> you trust the one mail server which is sending you mail. 
> Where before we
> had IP-based blacklists, now there are domain-based 
> blacklists, without
> which SPF/SenderID is largely not useful.

I would live with domain based blacklisting.  It's easier to manage currently
than IP based blacklisting, until reputation services start to take hold or
other measures could apply to domains - named entities - instead of numbers.

I'm more interested in knowing that example.com is accountable for mail sent
in its name.  I can deal with whether example.com is worthy or not later.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, Danny Angus wrote:

> I'd also strongly support the notion that the user had reintroduced the
> message by knowingly sending a mail to a mechanism designed to re-introduce
> it to the system, such as a mailinglist.

In such a case if you believe user has reintroduced the message, that
user would have be listed in Resent headers (as per RFC2822 text below), 
but in reality it is mailing list that is to be listed in
Resent-From headers per the marid-core draft.

Additionally mailing lists reguarly modify email message and both add
their own headers (List-Id, List-Unsubscibe, List-Archive are the
ones added by imc mailing list software for example) and modify existing
headers (Sender header is replaced by email address, many lists modify
Subject, some modify To and Cc) and add new content (mail list footer
added to the buttom of the email message). But RFC 2822 says:

   Resent fields are used to identify a message as having been
   reintroduced into the transport system by a user.  The purpose of
   using resent fields is to have the message appear to the final
   recipient as if it were sent directly by the original sender, with
   all of the original fields remaining the same.

I emphasise that it says "all the original fields remaining the same",
so it would appear RFC2822 specifically says that Mail lists can not
be considered a true user reintroduction of the message and thus
Resent-From is inappropriate to be used in such a case.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 13 Sep 2004 16:34:28 PDT."
             <1095118467.28424.254.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> 
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 10:39:17 -0400
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> The MTA may be authorized to send on behalf of MAIL FROM, but that
> is not the same as authenticating the entity associated with the
> identity MAIL FROM as being the originator.

  I agree 100%.

  The problem is that because the bounce path is not verifiable, the
originator is anonymous, and the MAIL FROM identity can't be trusted
for anything.  In the absence of a method to verify the bounce path,
authenticating the MTA using the domain in the MAIL FROM identity is a
good first step.

  I can think of scenarios where a domain sends mail from *only* one
MTA, and that MTA uses EHLO with another domain name.  In that case,
the first domain SHOULD have some way of saying "this MTA sends MAIL
FROM using my name".  Authenticating the EHLO doesn't get you that
information, so we need something more.

> SPF or Sender-ID confirmation does not mean this entity associated
> with the MAIL FROM identity had originated the message.

  But the recipient can't tell who the "real" originator is.  So far
as it seesm the SMTP client talking to it's SMTP server *is* the
originator.

> >   Publishers should expect recipients to do the most curious things,
> > for the most inane reasons.
> 
> What does this mean?

  'publishers should also expect to be black-listed when they publish
an "open" record'

  Not because it's a good idea, but because people will do anything
they want, including blacklisting domains containing the letter "a".

  In other words, our desires about how the records are interpreted
may be written down in a specification, but we should not expect
everyone to follow that specification.

> How do you arrive at publishing an SPF record being tantamount to
> accepting accountability for all actions of these authorized entities? 

  If that's what the spec says publishing a record means, that's the
semantics of the record.

> If one were to authorize a provider to send mail, and their provider's
> system became compromised, would it not be better to accredit the
> provider for resulting abuse?

  Multiple parties were involved, multiple parties share the
reputation gained through sending those messages.

> Won't this resolve the problem sooner than causing an innocent party
> to litigate for protection from a sloppy reputation assessment?

  That's a local legal issue.  Some jurisdictions have reasonable
laws, others don't.  We shouldn't let the possibility of legal action
dissuade us from designing a solution.

> The marid-mpr draft shows how the authentication of the MTA client can
> be accomplished separately from the mailbox-domain authorization.  By
> doing both steps independently, there is no need to hold the mailbox
> domain accountable for the actions of the client MTA they authorize. 

  Interesting.  If I authorize someone to act on my behalf, I am
generally accountable for at least some of their actions.  Removing
this accountability is a unique feature of MPR.

  Alan DeKok.



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william(at)elan.net wrote:
> 
>>a news.com article covering the very discussions going on here (you all 
>>are aware that the press is reading these archives and reporting on 
>>what they are reading, right?)...anyways, from a news.com article 
>>entitled "Standards group scuttles Microsoft e-mail proposal":
> 
> 
> Media is reading too much into technical and other discussions going on
> this group. This kind of media attention in my view is not helpfull to
> the the IETF process. It also allows different sides instead of using
> technical arguments inline with IETF process to pressure ietf into making 
> possibly bad decisions due to presumed interest from outside based for 
> example on wild speculation that they represent large groups (when these 
> groups are in fact unwilling to comment directly) and by using interviews,
> press-conferences and other vendor organized public events to bolster 
> their own image.
> 
> It would be great if media stop interfering with our process until the WG 
> actually produces standard track RFC documents. At that time, if documents
> were produced according with IETF standard process and represent concensus
> of WG participants on the technical solution that does not violate existing 
> standards, then it becomes an issue of deployment of new standard/protocol
> and media exposure becomes very helpfull in widespread adaption of the
> new technology.
> 

The Tao of the IETF (RFC 3160) points this out as well (section 8.2):

¨Considering all this, it's not surprising that some IETFers would 
prefer to have the press stay as far away from meetings as possible. 
Having a bit of press publicity for protocols that are almost near 
completion and will become significant in the industry in the next year 
can be a good thing. However, it is the rare reporter who can resist 
over-hyping a nascent protocol as the next savior for the Internet. Such 
stories do much more harm than good, both for the readers of the article 
and for the IETF.¨

Yakov



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: DNS Record Types
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Patrik Fältström wrote:
> 
> 
> On Sep 14, 2004, at 08:57, Jim Lyon wrote:
> 
>> On Monday, September 13, 2004 at 10:39 PM, Jonathan de Boyne-Pollard
>> said:
>>
>>>> The DNS resolver APIs on all Microsoft OS's don't let you
>>>> query for an unknown record type.
>>>
>>> Rubbish.
>>> <http://msdn.microsoft.com./library/en-us/dns/dns/dnsquery.asp>
>>
>>
>> If you're behind a firewall and you call this API with an unknown record
>> type, it will fail with INVALID_PARAMETER.
> 
> 
> What is the chance/risk you have some box behind a firewall, allow 
> incoming traffic using port 25/TCP but disallow the box to make outgoing 
> 53/UDP+TCP connections?
> 
> I.e. yes, you are correct on this limitation, but, it will in reality be 
> possible for the box to send and receive DNS packets by itself IF it is 
> located so it accept incoming SMTP connections over the Internet. And I 
> claim enough boxes will be able to do that, and that a minority will 
> have the problem.
> 

Microsoft is planning on deploying Sender-ID on the MUA level in Outlook 
and Exchange. Either Jim or Harry mentioned before that they have a 
working prototype that uses PRA to analyze email. In these cases, the 
DNS traffic would still be blocked.

Yakov



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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: Interpreting "v=spf1" (was Work plan for Sender ID)
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 08:27:37 -0700
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On Sep 13, 2004, at 8:39 PM, wayne wrote:
> I again ask that the "v=spf1 " magic number be interpreted as
> "spf2.0/mailfrom,helo" in the SenderID spec.

Since "v=spf1" has always been experimental, and changing over time, 
and hence there is no normative reference for it, I do not think that 
the next round of drafts should include any official endorsement of 
what to do with such records.

That said, I don't see anything wrong with implementations deciding to 
support these records as well.  However, I would caution that it seems 
the opinion of many on this list (myself included), that "v=spf1" be 
treated as valid for only the "mailfrom" scope.  I.e.: as 
"spf2.0/mailfrom".

I note that there is no "helo" scope defined (nor will I support one 
now -- I leave this question for later when we all tackle CSV.)  
Furthermore, the use of the HELO domain in the classic SPF check does 
not constitute a check on the HELO scope:  It is not ascertaining the 
authorization of the use of the domain name in HELO.  The use of the 
HELO domain to construct a MAIl FROM identity when the reverse-path is 
null ("<>") is still checking the authorized use of the domain name as 
a MAIL FROM name.  It does not constitute a blanket assertion about 
domain use in HELO.

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:

> 
> On Mon, 13 Sep 2004 11:43:44 -0400 (EDT), Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> > On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:
> > 
> > >
> > > Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com> wrote:
> > > > On Sun, 12 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:
> > > >
> > > >>
> > > >> But AOL won't have spammers on their whitelist. The only domains for
> > > >> which an SPF Pass means less filtering are those which are
> > > >> pre-whitelisted. And SPF will ensure that mail which appears to be
> > > >> from those domains isn't forged.
> > > >
> > > > This is a false assumption.  Any domain that is whitelisted will
> > > > attract spammers to that domain.  There is no domain or ISP that can
> > > > claim not to have spammers ever.
> > >
> > > They don't whitelist ISP domains - only responsible bulk email senders.
> > > People whose mail you want your users to receive.
> > 
> > Yes, such as MSN.
> 
> If they have whitelisted MSN, it will be because they want to receive
> mail which is verifiably from MSN. It's not a choice I would make
> myself, but their network - their rules. SPF has helped them with the
> verification.

SPF didn't "verify" anything. SPF just helped AOL paint a target on MSN
for spammers and virus writers.  Not that I feel sorry for MSN, if they
were dumb enough to go along with that.  And of course, the "trust" would 
probably be mutual, so MSN paints a similar target on AOL for spammers and 
viruses.  Mutual self anihilation, I guess. Maybe self-immolation.

> > This "trust" is a false assumption.  MSN doesn't know whether a particular
> > message is spam, until it gets a complaint.  It doesn't know whether a
> > computer is virus infected until it gets a complaint.  It can't certify
> > that it doesn't have spammers or virus infections or worms or etc.  No one
> > can.
> 
> True - but that's the basis of all reputation mechanisms - there's no
> absolute authority to refer to, you decide whose opinion you trust. If
> AOL trusts MSN, that's their business.

I agree. Reputation and trust can't be based on false assumptions. You
can't accept promises that you know the other party can't keep, even if
they really wanted to. That's true for just about everything, not just
spam. Trust implies honesty: Honesty about whether you can perform the
promise. If you know you can't perform, yet you promise, you are
dishonest.  How can you possibly trust someone who is dishonest?

> Yes, I agree there - but DNS spoofing is sufficiently rare and hard
> for the average email forger to do that a mechanism relying on DNS
> will have a tiny probability of being subject to forgery in the real
> world.

It is rare only because no one trusts DNS, and r-commands have all been
turned off. There is nothing to exploit, so there is no point to DNS
spoofing.  However, it is trivial, and it is easily done by the average
forger, if they were motivated to spoof DNS.

DNS spoofing of SPF records can result in the ability to send spam, and
the ability to deny service.  Both bad things.  One may be worse than the
other.

		--Dean



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: by the numbers
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 12:06:52 -0400
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On Sep 13, 2004, at 11:28 PM, wayne wrote:

> Can you give me a pointer to this survey that you are referring to?
> Can you explain the differences between the 2% you quote and the 36% I
> found?

Attached you will find a survey that Marcos Sanz and I did of com, net, 
and de.
We did look at every domain but we did sample a statistically 
significant number of them.

I'll reserve my conclusions for now, save the fact that your numbers 
depend on where you look.

-andy

                                                 com/net           de
MX Reocrds                                      7,617,555         
1,164,17
MX Records With Address In Target                  63,797              
521
MX Records With Unresolvable Targets              358,369           
13,324
MX Records Pointing To Loopback Address           125,956              
949
MX Records At Zone Apex                         6,949,466         
1,119,31
Wildcard MX Record                                668,089           
44,861

Unique MX Record by IP Address                  2,264,858          
196,545

TXT Records                                       407,961           
17,850
Wildcard TXT Record                                25,669              
187
TXT Records at Zone Apex                          356,537           
17,474
CNAME'd TXT Records at Zone Apex                      248               
  4
TXT with SPF Content                              185,607            
2,304
TXT with Caller-ID Content                            137               
  2
TXT with _ep Prefix                                25,755              
189
TXT with _ep Prefix and No Caller-ID Content       25,624              
187
TXT with _ep Prefix and Caller-ID Content             131               
  2
TXT with _ep Prefix and SPF Content                24,368              
156
Wildcard TXT with SPF Content                      24,378              
156
Wildcard TXT with Caller-ID Content                     0               
  0
TXT at Zone Apex with SPF Content                 136,861            
1,992
TXT at Zone Apex with Caller-ID Content                 6               
  0

Average Size of All TXT Records                        39               
21
Avearge Size of All Wildcard TXT Records               12               
27
Average Size of All Apex TXT Recrods                   43               
21
Average Size of All SPF Records                        56               
27
Average Size of All Caller-ID Records                  82               
76
Largest TXT Record                                    423              
232
Largest SPF Record                                    386              
232
Largest Caller-ID Record                              249               
96

Total Number of Domains Scanned                 8,477,489          
736,725
Domains with A Record at Zone Apex              5,574,982          
503,652
Domains with A Record at Apex Pointing to Loopba      867              
269
Domains with AAAA Record at Zone Apex               2,284               
58
Domains with Address in MX Record                  62,513              
499
Domains with Unresolvable MX Target               226,673           
12,497
Domains with MX Pointing to Loopback Address       86,344              
915
Domains with MX Record at Zone Apex             4,697,344          
676,517
Domains with TXT Record at Zone Apex              329,707           
15,071
Domains with Wildcard MX Record                   437,982           
26,616
Domains with Wildcard TXT Record                   25,619              
186
Domains with Apex MX and Wildcard MX              418,547           
26,443
Domains with Apex TXT and Wildcard TXT             24,531              
181
Domains with SPF                                  138,603            
1,993
Domains with Caller-ID                                136               
  2
Domains with both SPF and Caller-ID                   107               
  1
Domains with SPF and Wildcard TXT                  24,378              
156
Domains with SPF in Wildcard TXT                   24,378              
156
Domains with SPF and Wildcard TXT but not Both          0               
  0
Domains with SPF and Other Content in Wildcard T        4               
  0
Domains with SPF at Zone Apex                     136,853            
1,991
Domains with SPF '+all'                                 7               
  0
Domains with SPF '-all'                            76,386              
571
Domains with SPF '?all'                            51,005              
105
Domains with SPF '~all'                            10,351               
96
Domains with Caller-ID and Wildcard TXT                26               
  0
Domains with Caller-ID in Wildcard TXT                  0               
  0
Domains with Caller-ID and Wildcard TXT but not        26               
  0
Domains with Caller-ID and Other Content in Wild        0               
  0
Domains with a valid A or MX at the Apex        6,104,870          
693,109
Domains with a valid A or MX at the Apex and SPF  130,464            
1,926
Domains with a valid A or MX at the Apex and Cal      121               
  2

Average Size of Wildcard TXT for Domains with Wi       12               
27
Average Size of Apex TXT for Domains with Apex T       43               
20

Total Number of Domains In Zone(s)              33,887,010        
5,896,72
Total Number of Domains Processed               8,477,489          
736,725



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 13:02:23 2004
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From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
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Subject: Re: the TCP argument again, consensus call of RR prefix
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> If DNS/TCP is blocked at a firewall, then that firewall is badly
> configured.

No doubt, but if we had all agreed to disregard problems due to
misconfiguration, we'd be having a very different discussion.

The people who run UltraDNS tell me that they've observed a widespread
resolver library bug that fails unpleasantly when a DNS TCP
transaction doesn't fit in a single TCP segment.  The client
incorrectly concludes that the other end aborted the session and it
tries again immediately.  They discovered this when an apparent DDOS
attack turned out in fact to be a whole lot of buggy resolvers trying
to fetch an RR set that had recently grown beyond 512 bytes.

You don't need to tell us that this shouldn't be a problem.  But the
reality appears to be that we won't be able to use widespread DNS over
TCP for a long time, if ever.  It's probably easier to roll out EDNS0,
even with all its problems.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
Information Superhighwayman wanna-be, http://www.johnlevine.com, Mayor
"I shook hands with Senators Dole and Inouye," said Tom, disarmingly.

-- 
John R. Levine, IECC, POB 727, Trumansburg NY 14886 +1 607 330 5711
johnl@iecc.com, Mayor, http://johnlevine.com, 
Member, Provisional board, Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial E-mail



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: by the numbers
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On Sep 14, 2004, at 12:06 PM, Andrew Newton wrote:

> We did look at every domain but we did sample a statistically 
> significant number of them.

Correction:
We did NOT look at every domain but we did sample a statistically 
significant number of them.

-andy



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 13:24:47 2004
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Mark Lentczner wrote:
> 
> On Sep 13, 2004, at 8:39 PM, wayne wrote:
> 
>> I again ask that the "v=spf1 " magic number be interpreted as
>> "spf2.0/mailfrom,helo" in the SenderID spec.
> 
> 
> Since "v=spf1" has always been experimental, and changing over time, and 
> hence there is no normative reference for it, I do not think that the 
> next round of drafts should include any official endorsement of what to 
> do with such records.
> 
> That said, I don't see anything wrong with implementations deciding to 
> support these records as well.  However, I would caution that it seems 
> the opinion of many on this list (myself included), that "v=spf1" be 
> treated as valid for only the "mailfrom" scope.  I.e.: as 
> "spf2.0/mailfrom".

Would there be anything wrong with a separate informational draft on 
this, especially considering that something like your statement above is 
not readily apparent to implementation authors.

Yakov



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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 09:12 -0500, Gordon Fecyk wrote:
> > That's the point -- it's a hop-by-hop scheme. It's _all_ 
> > about how much
> > you trust the one mail server which is sending you mail. 
> > Where before we
> > had IP-based blacklists, now there are domain-based 
> > blacklists, without
> > which SPF/SenderID is largely not useful.
> 
> I would live with domain based blacklisting.  It's easier to manage currently
> than IP based blacklisting, until reputation services start to take hold or
> other measures could apply to domains - named entities - instead of numbers.
> 
> I'm more interested in knowing that example.com is accountable for mail sent
> in its name. 

But for that you need an end-to-end scheme. What you're talking about
now is only sufficient to determine the status of _one_ hop. Suppose you
receive a message with...

	MAIL FROM:<SRS0+xx+yy+example.com+joeuser@pentafluge.srs.infradead.org>
and
	Received: from [2002:c1ed:8229:10:2c0:f0ff:fe31:e18] (helo=me) by
	        pentafluge.infradead.org with esmtpsa id 1C7Ej2-0008II-SZ;
		Tue, 14 Sep 2004 15:56:09 +0100
	From: <joeuser@example.com>
	Forwarded-For: joeuser@joeuser.srs.infradead.org

	(Note I don't use Resent-From: as an example since no reason
	 has been presented for using it instead of a new header. I
	 picked 'Forwarded-For' mostly at random).

... from one of my servers. The mail obviously appears as if it were
originally sent by <joeuser@example.com>, with authenticated SMTP
('esmtpsa') through my server. Certainly there are people who use my
servers that way, because I listen on the MSA port as well as port 25,
and some ISPs block port 25.

But was it _really_ sent by joeuser@example.com? You have no way of
knowing, because this is _not_ an end-to-end validation scheme. You can
only decide how much you trust _my_ servers.

Note that most current mail user agents will display only the 'From:'
header in the above example; the naÃ¯ve user will see nothing to indicate
that this might not actually be from joeuser@example.com.

By introducing the rewriting schemes which modify the RFC2821 and
RFC2822 identities, which is _required_ for SenderID to be viable in
practice, we have turned the 'domain' into nothing more than an
arbitrary key which can be selected by each sending mail server. There's
nothing _wrong_ with that per se -- at least if we make the naÃ¯ve
assumption that we can get the whole world to 'upgrade' -- but it's
unrealistic to pretend that SenderID will let you verify for certain
that such a mail really did come from Joe. 

SenderID can offer only validation of a single hop, and to get any real
benefit it needs to be used in conjunction with a trust-database using
domain names as its key. And there are _better_ things you could use as
a key in your database, without all the breakage that either the
mailfrom or pra-replacement scopes require.

-- 
dwmw2



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
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>> a news.com article covering the very discussions going on here (you 
>> all
>> are aware that the press is reading these archives and reporting on
>> what they are reading, right?)...anyways, from a news.com article
>> entitled "Standards group scuttles Microsoft e-mail proposal":
>
> Media is reading too much into technical and other discussions going on
> this group. This kind of media attention in my view is not helpfull to
> the the IETF process.

Well, yes.  But that really wasn't my point so much as that Microsoft 
is saying this about what is going on here, and their plans:

"Microsoft spokesman Sean Sundwall said the company would continue with 
its plans
to develop its own proposal, Caller ID for E-mail. In August, Microsoft 
had
feted more than 80 e-mail service providers in Redmond, Wash., as part 
of the
E-mail Service Provider Consortium. Between the company's participation 
in that
group and the Anti-Spam Technical Alliance, Microsoft has done a good 
job of
selling major Internet infrastructure companies on the benefits of its 
proposal.

Sundwall would not say whether the IETF's censure would hinder the 
company's
quest to get its Caller ID proposal accepted as a de facto Internet 
standard.
But he did note that many participants stayed out of the vote on 
Microsoft's
involvement.

"If you look at the number of contributors that (voted), it is very 
small," he
said."

I felt that a fairly interesting data point for what it means for 
several aspects of the discussions going on here.

Anne



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In <178EF9A8-0668-11D9-BCF4-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> Attached you will find a survey that Marcos Sanz and I did of com,
> net, and de.

Thank you very much for posting this!  Very interesting.

A few questions/comments:

* can you tell me when this survey was conducted?

* for those looking closely at the numbers, it appears that
the last digit of the numbers for the de TLD were sometimes droppped.

* it appears that you survedy about 25% of com/net and 12.5% of de.

* scaling up the numbers, there appears to be about 750,000 SPF
records in com/net and 18,000 SPF records in de.

* you found SPF records for around 2% of the com/net domains, but
only 0.3% of the de domains.

* for com/net, SPF records account for 45% of all TXT records, for de
it is only 13%



> I'll reserve my conclusions for now, save the fact that your numbers
> depend on where you look.

I'm sure this is very true.



-wayne



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In <9BE025E8-0662-11D9-B753-000393A56BB6@glyphic.com> Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> writes:

> On Sep 13, 2004, at 8:39 PM, wayne wrote:
>> I again ask that the "v=spf1 " magic number be interpreted as
>> "spf2.0/mailfrom,helo" in the SenderID spec.
>
> Since "v=spf1" has always been experimental, and changing over time,
> and hence there is no normative reference for it, I do not think that
> the next round of drafts should include any official endorsement of
> what to do with such records.

Uh, say what?

Yes, there have been some changes to the SPF spec since last November,
mostly in the area of where can be placed modifiers.  Still the
marid-protocol spec is almost completely compatible with every SPF
spec I can think of.

In all the time that we have been discussing using SPFv1 records in
this working group, I think this is the first time I've heard anyone
claim that they should not be used because they are "experimental."
We have heard for people who say that the PRA scope is not the same as
the mailfrom and helo scope that SPFv1 uses, and therefore the PRA
should have a different record, but that is a different subject.


> Furthermore, the use of the HELO domain in the classic SPF check does
> not constitute a check on the HELO scope:  It is not ascertaining the
> authorization of the use of the domain name in HELO.  The use of the
> HELO domain to construct a MAIl FROM identity when the reverse-path is
> null ("<>") is still checking the authorized use of the domain name as
> a MAIL FROM name.  It does not constitute a blanket assertion about
> domain use in HELO.

As far as I can see, this is a distinction without a difference.
SPF-classic would use apply the check_host() function on the HELO
domain in almost exactly the same way that the Unified-SPF HELO check
would.

All HELO domains would are subject to this checking under
SPF-classic, and thus this should be acknowledged.

If you want to continue to make a distinction without a difference,
call this the mailfrom-helo scope, or the null-mailfrom-helo scope or
something.



It completely boggles me that you would suggest throwing out the
deployment of maybe up to a million SPF records deployed over the last
10 months, just because they are "experimental".


-wayne



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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 07:18, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, Danny Angus wrote:
> 
> > I'd also strongly support the notion that the user had reintroduced the
> > message by knowingly sending a mail to a mechanism designed to re-introduce
> > it to the system, such as a mailinglist.
> 
> In such a case if you believe user has reintroduced the message, that
> user would have be listed in Resent headers (as per RFC2822 text below), 
> but in reality it is mailing list that is to be listed in
> Resent-From headers per the marid-core draft.

> Additionally mailing lists reguarly modify email message and both add
> their own headers (List-Id, List-Unsubscibe, List-Archive are the
> ones added by imc mailing list software for example) and modify existing
> headers (Sender header is replaced by email address, many lists modify
> Subject, some modify To and Cc) and add new content (mail list footer
> added to the buttom of the email message). But RFC 2822 says:
> 
>    Resent fields are used to identify a message as having been
>    reintroduced into the transport system by a user.  The purpose of
>    using resent fields is to have the message appear to the final
>    recipient as if it were sent directly by the original sender, with
>    all of the original fields remaining the same.
> 
> I emphasise that it says "all the original fields remaining the same",
> so it would appear RFC2822 specifically says that Mail lists can not
> be considered a true user reintroduction of the message and thus
> Resent-From is inappropriate to be used in such a case.

This issue goes away when the MTA EHLO domain is used instead.  It also
allows the mailbox domain, MAIL FROM or From, to specify a simple name
list that can be obtained in a single, non-sequential lookup, to
authorize or note as nominal the MTA senders.

-Doug 



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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 07:39, Alan DeKok wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > The MTA may be authorized to send on behalf of MAIL FROM, but that
> > is not the same as authenticating the entity associated with the
> > identity MAIL FROM as being the originator.
> 
>   I agree 100%.
> 
>   The problem is that because the bounce path is not verifiable, the
> originator is anonymous, and the MAIL FROM identity can't be trusted
> for anything.  In the absence of a method to verify the bounce path,
> authenticating the MTA using the domain in the MAIL FROM identity is a
> good first step.

You describe that as authenticating the MTA, but what this operation is
doing is validating the MTA as authorized to send a message containing
the MAIL FROM.  This identity has not been authenticated as originating
from the entity associated with the MAIL FROM.  

>   I can think of scenarios where a domain sends mail from *only* one
> MTA, and that MTA uses EHLO with another domain name.  In that case,
> the first domain SHOULD have some way of saying "this MTA sends MAIL
> FROM using my name".  Authenticating the EHLO doesn't get you that
> information, so we need something more.

There are two things needed as independent steps.  One, authenticate the
name of the MTA to allow safe reputation assertions.  Two, determine the
MTA names authorized by the selected mailbox domain.  This can include
the MAIL FROM and the From mailbox domains.  These two steps then allow
for the reputation assertions and the blocking of spoofed mail for
either of these mailbox domains.  If the authorization list is only
nominal, then this list can be used to 'color' the mail at the MUA
rather than blocking it.

> > SPF or Sender-ID confirmation does not mean this entity associated
> > with the MAIL FROM identity had originated the message.
> 
>   But the recipient can't tell who the "real" originator is.  So far
> as it seesm the SMTP client talking to it's SMTP server *is* the
> originator.

But neither SPF nor Sender-ID properly identify the MTA.

> > >   Publishers should expect recipients to do the most curious things,
> > > for the most inane reasons.
> > 
> > What does this mean?
> 
>   'publishers should also expect to be black-listed when they publish
> an "open" record'
> 
>   Not because it's a good idea, but because people will do anything
> they want, including blacklisting domains containing the letter "a".
> 
>   In other words, our desires about how the records are interpreted
> may be written down in a specification, but we should not expect
> everyone to follow that specification.

This means one of two things with respect to SPF or Sender-ID. 

A) Remove all open list options.
B) Demand no reputations be based upon SPF/Sender-ID identities.

Option A breaks forwarding and several list servers.
Option B only helps reduce some of the spoofing, but does not allow a
named based reputation system using SPF or Sender-ID.

> > How do you arrive at publishing an SPF record being tantamount to
> > accepting accountability for all actions of these authorized entities? 
> 
>   If that's what the spec says publishing a record means, that's the
> semantics of the record.

That has not been made clear in the draft nor would allowing open lists
reflect this reality.

> > If one were to authorize a provider to send mail, and their provider's
> > system became compromised, would it not be better to accredit the
> > provider for resulting abuse?
> 
>   Multiple parties were involved, multiple parties share the
> reputation gained through sending those messages.

The multiple parties are the customers of the MTA provider.  By basing
reputation upon the provider by way of the EHLO name, a provider that is
not watching their logs or ensuring their server is secure, gets the bad
reputation.  This directly addresses the abuse problem by stopping the
source of the problem.  Blocking by the mailbox domain may unfairly
block innocent victims of spoofing, but blocking by the MTA EHLO name
will safely block the MTA with the problem.  If there is a mailbox
domain causing abuse, the provider must remove these problem accounts to
protect their reputation.  That is how it works today, but by using
names rather than IP addresses, history is easier to maintain.    

> > Won't this resolve the problem sooner than causing an innocent party
> > to litigate for protection from a sloppy reputation assessment?
> 
>   That's a local legal issue.  Some jurisdictions have reasonable
> laws, others don't.  We shouldn't let the possibility of legal action
> dissuade us from designing a solution.

The solution should be able to accurately identify the source of abuse
as a means of avoiding these legal issues.  An email reputation service
must deal with the entire world. 

> > The marid-mpr draft shows how the authentication of the MTA client can
> > be accomplished separately from the mailbox-domain authorization.  By
> > doing both steps independently, there is no need to hold the mailbox
> > domain accountable for the actions of the client MTA they authorize. 
> 
>   Interesting.  If I authorize someone to act on my behalf, I am
> generally accountable for at least some of their actions.  Removing
> this accountability is a unique feature of MPR.

This is establishing a hierarchy of accountability.  Those sending mail
must vet the accounts they relay to protect their reputation.  Those
holding accounts must then answer to their providers.  If a provider
fails to do their job, then as customers see their mail rejected, they
are free to find a different provider.  Providers will need their own
method to vet new accounts.  Neither Sender-ID nor SPF help in this
regard.

Sender-ID and SPF allows lax efforts of providers to hurt their
customer's reputation unfairly.  This model only seems to offer
litigation as a recourse for those unfairly harmed by this sloppy
reputation mechanism.

-Doug  





From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 14:59:10 2004
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From: Dean Anderson <dean@av8.com>
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On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, Dean Anderson wrote:

> On Mon, 13 Sep 2004, Peter Bowyer wrote:
> > If they have whitelisted MSN, it will be because they want to receive
> > mail which is verifiably from MSN. It's not a choice I would make
> > myself, but their network - their rules. SPF has helped them with the
> > verification.

I also forgot to point out the MSN didn't send email, MSN __users__ sent
email.  We already know they are MSN users from the IP addresses in the
Received headers.  We still don't know which user it was.  Only MSN knows
that, and even then, they don't know if it was due to virus/worm/cracking
until they investigate.

> SPF didn't "verify" anything. SPF just helped AOL paint a target on MSN
> for spammers and virus writers.  Not that I feel sorry for MSN, if they
> were dumb enough to go along with that.  And of course, the "trust" would 
> probably be mutual, so MSN paints a similar target on AOL for spammers and 
> viruses.  Mutual self anihilation, I guess. Maybe self-immolation.

Sorry to respond to my own message, but there is one more thing that our
proverbial big providers get from this: They get to mutually deny
unbundled email services.  That is, they get to force their customers to
purchase connectivity services from them.  There is much more profit
margin in the connectivity than in the email anyway.  Email is usually
free or low dollars.  That just causes customers to spend more money with
them by abandoning paid-for services that now don't have to be provided.
So what if SPF also brings in more spammers and viruses? Preventing
unbundling could be good for the bottom line for some providers.

		--Dean



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Subject: RE: [Accountability!] RE: SPF abused by spammers
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Gordon Fecyk <gordonf@pan-am.ca>
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 07:12, Gordon Fecyk wrote:
> > That's the point -- it's a hop-by-hop scheme. It's _all_ about how
> > much you trust the one mail server which is sending you mail. Where
> > before we had IP-based blacklists, now there are domain-based 
> > blacklists, without which SPF/SenderID is largely not useful.
> 
> I would live with domain based blacklisting.  It's easier to manage currently
> than IP based blacklisting, until reputation services start to take hold or
> other measures could apply to domains - named entities - instead of numbers.
> 
> I'm more interested in knowing that example.com is accountable for mail sent
> in its name.  I can deal with whether example.com is worthy or not later.

Neither Sender-ID nor SPF provide an identity that will allow this later
reputation to be safely established.  When example.com sends mail using
a EHLO name of mx.example.com, this is not much different than
example.com using a MAIL FROM domain of rp.example.com.  For that
matter, the From mailbox domain does not need to match the identity
checked for either Sender-ID and SPF.  This makes EHLO no different. 
Using EHLO does protect customers from lax providers.  Making the
authenticated EHLO visible would also greatly help reduce phishing. 
EHLO offers consumer protections that Sender-ID had only promised but 
without many of the risks.

-Doug  



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: by the numbers
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On Sep 14, 2004, at 1:54 PM, wayne wrote:
> * can you tell me when this survey was conducted?

com/net was done July 5.  I believe de was done August 18.  I do have 
com/net numbers around mid-august, by the were not much different.  I 
just don't have them handy at the moment.

> * for those looking closely at the numbers, it appears that
> the last digit of the numbers for the de TLD were sometimes droppped.

I'll attach a CSV (the other CSV) format.

> * it appears that you survedy about 25% of com/net and 12.5% of de.

I believe both are well above the number needed for statistical 
significance.

>> I'll reserve my conclusions for now, save the fact that your numbers
>> depend on where you look.
>
> I'm sure this is very true.

I was merely pointing out the differences between com/net and de.

-andy


--=_zak.ecotroph.net-21499-1095187019-0001-2
Content-Type: text/tab-separated-values; x-mac-type=54455854; x-unix-mode=0644; x-mac-creator=5843454C; name="maridscan.csv"; charset=iso-8859-1
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	filename=maridscan.csv
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,com/net,de=0DMX Reocrds,"7,617,555","1,164,178"=0DMX Records With =
Address In Target,"63,797",521=0DMX Records With Unresolvable =
Targets,"358,369","13,324"=0DMX Records Pointing To Loopback =
Address,"125,956",949=0DMX Records At Zone Apex,"6,949,466","1,119,317"=0D=
Wildcard MX Record,"668,089","44,861"=0D=0DUnique MX Record by IP =
Address,"2,264,858","196,545"=0D=0DTXT Records,"407,961","17,850"=0D=
Wildcard TXT Record,"25,669",187=0DTXT Records at Zone =
Apex,"356,537","17,474"=0DCNAME'd TXT Records at Zone Apex,248,4=0DTXT =
with SPF Content,"185,607","2,304"=0DTXT with Caller-ID Content,137,2=0D=
TXT with _ep Prefix,"25,755",189=0DTXT with _ep Prefix and No Caller-ID =
Content,"25,624",187=0DTXT with _ep Prefix and Caller-ID Content,131,2=0D=
TXT with _ep Prefix and SPF Content,"24,368",156=0DWildcard TXT with SPF =
Content,"24,378",156=0DWildcard TXT with Caller-ID Content,0,0=0DTXT at =
Zone Apex with SPF Content,"136,861","1,992"=0DTXT at Zone Apex with =
Caller-ID Content,6,0=0D=0DAverage Size of All TXT Records,39,21=0D=
Avearge Size of All Wildcard TXT Records,12,27=0DAverage Size of All =
Apex TXT Recrods,43,21=0DAverage Size of All SPF Records,56,27=0DAverage =
Size of All Caller-ID Records,82,76=0DLargest TXT Record,423,232=0D=
Largest SPF Record,386,232=0DLargest Caller-ID Record,249,96=0D=0DTotal =
Number of Domains Scanned,"8,477,489","736,725"=0DDomains with A Record =
at Zone Apex,"5,574,982","503,652"=0DDomains with A Record at Apex =
Pointing to Loopback Addr,867,269=0DDomains with AAAA Record at Zone =
Apex,"2,284",58=0DDomains with Address in MX Record,"62,513",499=0D=
Domains with Unresolvable MX Target,"226,673","12,497"=0DDomains with MX =
Pointing to Loopback Address,"86,344",915=0DDomains with MX Record at =
Zone Apex,"4,697,344","676,517"=0DDomains with TXT Record at Zone =
Apex,"329,707","15,071"=0DDomains with Wildcard MX =
Record,"437,982","26,616"=0DDomains with Wildcard TXT =
Record,"25,619",186=0DDomains with Apex MX and Wildcard =
MX,"418,547","26,443"=0DDomains with Apex TXT and Wildcard =
TXT,"24,531",181=0DDomains with SPF,"138,603","1,993"=0DDomains with =
Caller-ID,136,2=0DDomains with both SPF and Caller-ID,107,1=0DDomains =
with SPF and Wildcard TXT,"24,378",156=0DDomains with SPF in Wildcard =
TXT,"24,378",156=0DDomains with SPF and Wildcard TXT but not Both,0,0=0D=
Domains with SPF and Other Content in Wildcard TXT,4,0=0DDomains with =
SPF at Zone Apex,"136,853","1,991"=0DDomains with SPF '+all',7,0=0D=
Domains with SPF '-all',"76,386",571=0DDomains with SPF =
'?all',"51,005",105=0DDomains with SPF '~all',"10,351",96=0DDomains with =
Caller-ID and Wildcard TXT,26,0=0DDomains with Caller-ID in Wildcard =
TXT,0,0=0DDomains with Caller-ID and Wildcard TXT but not Both,26,0=0D=
Domains with Caller-ID and Other Content in Wildcard TXT,0,0=0DDomains =
with a valid A or MX at the Apex,"6,104,870","693,109"=0DDomains with a =
valid A or MX at the Apex and SPF,"130,464","1,926"=0DDomains with a =
valid A or MX at the Apex and Caller-ID,121,2=0D=0DAverage Size of =
Wildcard TXT for Domains with Wildcard TXT,12,27=0DAverage Size of Apex =
TXT for Domains with Apex TXT,43,20=0D=0DTotal Number of Domains In =
Zone(s),"33,887,010","5,896,720"=0DTotal Number of Domains =
Processed,"8,477,489","736,725"=

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On Mon, 2004-09-13 at 23:40, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 09, 2004 at 06:48:03PM +0100,
>  Jonathan de Boyne Pollard <J.deBoynePollard@Tesco.NET> wrote 
>  a message of 28 lines which said:
> 
> > Does this "we" include those who are, right now, educating people with
> > the following?
> 
> spf.pobox.com contains many marketing promises that
> are... careless. (Some people could say "dishonest".) They also keep
> pretending that there are "RFCs" about SPF. webmaster@pobox.com never
> replies on such matters.
> 
> Nevertheless, here, in the MARID working group, we can say the truth
> :-) SPF (or SenderID) does not assert anything about the spaminess of
> the message but about its authenticity (a spam can be authentic).

SPF or Sender-ID validates the MTA as authorized to send messages on
behalf of the mailbox domain.  Neither of these mechanisms authenticate
the message as originating from the specific mailbox domain.  That
assumption of authentication will lead to grievous errors.

-Doug 
 



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 14 Sep 2004 11:17:04 PDT."
             <1095185824.29489.64.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> 
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 16:27:36 -0400
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> You describe that as authenticating the MTA, but what this operation is
> doing is validating the MTA as authorized to send a message containing
> the MAIL FROM.

  <sigh> The recipient (SMTP server) is authorizing the MTA (SMTP
client) as an MTA authentically within the domain named in MAIL FROM.

> There are two things needed as independent steps.  One, authenticate the
> name of the MTA to allow safe reputation assertions.

  And that's where I disagree.  For me, the point of MAIL FROM
authentication is not about reputation assertions, it's about the
ability of the domain named in MAIL FROM to control the use of it's
name.

  e.g. example.com & example.org share an outgoing MTA:
out.example.com.  In SMTP conversations, it announces itself as "EHLO
out.example.com".  It may then say "MAIL FROM: user@example.org".

  Nothing in SMTP today permits the recipient to determine if
"out.example.com" is a valid outgoing MTA for example.org.  My goal in
this area is to provide a way to make that determination.  Stopping
spam, and reputation services, are interesting, but not something I
find to be practical.

  i.e. If MAIL FROM authentication records in DNS stop other people
using my name in vain, that's great.  I don't care how other people
restrict (or not) the user of their names: that's up to them.  For me,
the issue isn't that authentication will stop other people from
spamming me, it's that it will stop other people from claiming that
I'm spamming them.

> But neither SPF nor Sender-ID properly identify the MTA.

  For some meaning of the word "properly".

> Blocking by the mailbox domain may unfairly block innocent victims
> of spoofing, but blocking by the MTA EHLO name will safely block the
> MTA with the problem.

  You then label everyone at the MTA with a broad brush.  Sure, the
MTA is ultimately responsible, but if a recipient can use "MAIL FROM"
to tell that a subset of domains via that MTA are "bad", then it would
be imprudent to label *all* domains at that MTA "bad", just because
you authenticated the MTA via EHLO.

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 17:14:10 2004
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 13:44:19 -0700
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> > True - but that's the basis of all reputation mechanisms - there's no
> > absolute authority to refer to, you decide whose opinion you trust. 
> If
> > AOL trusts MSN, that's their business.
>
> I agree. Reputation and trust can't be based on false assumptions. You
> can't accept promises that you know the other party can't keep, even if
> they really wanted to. That's true for just about everything, not just
> spam.

This is exactly why reputation is only one part of it, and only offers 
a complete package when coupled (tripled?) authentication and 
accreditation - our IADB (ISIPP Accreditation Database) being one 
example of the latter.  Look for more accreditation databases to show 
up, particularly as authentication moves more into place.

The *big* difference is that an accreditation database doesn't promise 
anything about the quality of the email coming from the IPs listed 
therein.  It tells you factual information about the mailing policies, 
processes, and other data about the sender.  For example, IADB tells 
you (via a DNS lookup) whether the sender uses confirmed (double) 
opt-in, whether they publish SPF records, whether they are listed in 
Habeas or Bonded Sender, etc..  The latter two, by contrast, are 
reputation databases, even though some (mistakenly in my opinion) call 
them accreditation.  They are whitelists which tell you what email you 
should accept from the sender, and why ("because we say so, for 
such-and-such a reason"), which is reputation.  An accreditation 
database is not a whitelist - it simply reports factual information, 
and you base your own email processing and delivery decisions based 
thereon.

All three have a part - an important part.  Authentication gets you to 
"who is this really?";  accreditation gets you to "what are they 
doing?", and reputation gets you to "what do others whom I trust think 
about what they are doing".

In a perfect world, in my opinion, everyone would check SPF or other 
authentication records, query an accreditation database like IADB, and 
then either query a reputation system of their choice such Habeas or 
Bonded Sender - or make a note from the IADB results that the sender is 
listed with a service like  Habeas or Bonded Sender (note that this 
does not diminish the Habeas or Bonded Sender model - in fact it helps 
them - we give points for participating in either - it just reduces the 
query to their database by one).

It's free to do those checks and queries, and if done properly, the 
time you save in how you can more efficiently deal with questionable 
mail more than makes up for any extra lookups.

Anne



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 17:50:17 2004
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This is a belated-due-to-to-travel follow-up to replies to this post:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03596.html
(Summary: Sender ID fails to be a solution that only requires sysadmin
action; it mandates end-user reconfiguration on a massive scale, because
it doesn't say that HELO checking should/must be done... The Microsoft
IPR are too encumbered...)

The issues I raised in my last post were appropriate during a last 
call:  They were raised earlier, and there were strong indications that 
they would be addressed (e.g. the Unified SPF discussion and 
documents).  Yet they were in fact not addressed by the specs that were 
in last call. 

"=-=-=-=" <-- topic separator

I think John Leslie said that under SenderID, a domain's reputation 
would be looked up by looking up the IPs its SPF2 record lists in an IP 
blacklist.
I think John is confused - that's not what I am expecting.  I'm 
expecting the domain itself to be looked up in a RHSBL.  That's Right 
Hand Side Block List.  (John's idea could prove useful, but I'd be 
surprised if it, e.g., scored well if coded as a SpamAssassin rule and 
evaluated)

=-=-=-=-=


On 8/25/2004 4:32 AM, Carl Hutzler sent forth electrons to convey:

> <Matthew Elvey said:>
>
>> Phrased differently:
>> Sender ID fails to be a solution that only requires sysadmin action; it
>> mandates end-user reconfiguration on a massive scale, because, IIRC, it
>> doesn't say that HELO checking should/must be done. Hence I (of
>> elvey.com) would have to get all my domain's end users to use MSAs that
>> I (as DNS admin of elvey.com) knew about. For fastmail.fm, my email
>> provider, who hosts mail for thousands of domains, they would have to
>> support this for each user of each domain!) If HELO checking is
>> mandatory, they just send HELO fastmail.fm, and ensure that fastmail.fm
>> has a good reputation.
>
>
> This is a VERY interesting approach. I think you are saying, scratch using
> DNS for "listing Domains allowed to be sent by an IP address", and instead
> have the system admin "program" those domains into the MTAs (e.g. a config
> in sendmail). The MTA would HELO the domain they are about to send for, IF
> THE MTA is told they are allowed to send for that domain in the first 
> place
> - otherwise the mail is rejected (and likely much closer to the submission
> MTA/MSA).
>
> This sounds really cool. But I am an engineer and must always ask, what is
> wrong with this and why has it not been thought of before?
>
> Lets see, forwarding cases....might work here with some PRA/Submitter type
> changes. Not a huge problem.

Forwarding case would work GREAT - no PRA/SUBMITTER needed.  Yes, 'The 
MTA would HELO the domain they are about to send for.'  This domain 
wouldn't have to match the MAIL FROM or PRA or SUBMITTER.  It would 
simply need to be a domain that had an appropriate reputation for the 
content.   E.g. if we assume AOL is responsible about ensuring very 
little spam is sent using the servers it authorizes to do HELO aol.com, 
and sends all email through these servers, then there is no forwarding 
to worry about. Helo aol.dom would trigger a reputation check on aol.dom 
as used in HELO, the repuation would be excellent, and no further checks 
would be necessary - the From: domain or PRA could be elvey.dom or 
DomainWithNoSPFrecord.dom.
Here's a sophisticated possible scenario that provides more flexibility: 
AOL might do HELO goodAolPayingCustomer.dom, if the mail is from one, 
and the customer hasn't recently sent a ton of email.  It might use HELO 
aolSuspectCustomer.dom where appropriate, before cutting the customer 
off completely.  AOL wouldn't have to pay to give 
goodAolPayingCustomer.dom a good reputation; it would deserve it.  AOL 
wouldn't have to cut off customers as often - it could limit use in a 
less draconian way.  Helo aolTrialUser.dom and HELO AOLFreeEmailUser.dom 
would make sense, provided AOL provided and used dedicated IPs for such 
mail and created the appropriate DNS records.
Just to clarify: the above is a sophisticated, enhanced solution that 
HELO-based reputations make *possible*.  It will be perfectly OK for an 
MTA (or all of a domain's MTAs) to have one domain that goes in all 
HELO/EHLO commands sent, and this is likely to be the usual case, and 
will work well.

>
> OK so what is wrong with this?

Well, no criticism so far, other than from Jim, which I've addressed 
thoroughly. 

>
>
> -Carl
>
>
On 8/26/2004 11:12 AM, Jim Lyon accurately summarized and conveyed:

> Matthew Elvey raises two points that I summarize as follows:
>
>> 1. If you don't know what a domain's outward-facing MTAs are,
>> it's really hard to build a SenderID record. (And he estimates
>> that half of his customers are in this boat.)
>
>
> True.
>
>> 2. If instead of SenderID, we'd merely authenticated the HELO name,
>> and built up reputation systems that say whether particular
>> HELO names behave reasonably, these people's lives would be easier.
>
>
> It's true, but it's a whole lot weaker form of authentication.

Please, I've already explained why it is stronger.  If you're going to 
say it's weaker after it's been explained WHY it's stronger, please 
respond to the provided arguments. You need to do this or you drag the 
conversation to the <Yes it is. No it isn't. Yes it IS...> level.  
[edit: it looks like you've had the argument with Doug in this thread.]

> I don't
> care whether a mail server is who he says he is, I care whether he's
> authorized to send the message he's trying to send.

Can we please graduate to more advanced banter than this?  The charter 
says what we care about. (It's adequate, even if the main goal is to 
address spam, including joe-jobs, phishing, etc.) 
The first half of the sentence states that you don't care about the 
server's Identity, and I know that you in fact do; SenderID relies on 
Identity.  I fail to find a logical argument for ignoring HELO.  You 
imply you care about the body of the message, but SenderID doesn't look 
at the body.  (Why are you calling a mail server a 'he'?  It's confusing.)

Jim Lyon later also said:

> Authorization: The SenderID test determines whether the sending MTA is
> authorized to send mail that claims to come from a particular domain.

This is a too-short definition (which you later improved upon); it's 
actually not accurate.  A mail message can claim to be from several 
domains. 

Jim later clarified things:

> The identity being authorized is the
> sending MTA's IP address. The action being authorized is to send a
> message on behalf of the PRA. The organization doing the authorization
> is the domain of the PRA.

PRA, if adopted, will be manipulated by spammers by the insertion of 
forged headers.  (I'm working on an example.)

=-=-=-=-=-=-=

I understand that the last call was considered by the Chairs to be a 
failure only because of the IPR issues.
There are other issues, I believe.
Some other points that inform whether SenderID was ready for RFC status:
I indicated that certain changes that appeared to be imminent would make
SenderID gain my support, but
it turned out that those changes were not made.
E.g. In June, I posted here:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg02404.html :

>  "I'm not trying to deep 6 SPF. I'm trying to make it stronger and
>  better by attacking its weaknesses virtually, while they are readily
>  fixable. Note, I recently expressed my support Unified SPF (which
>  incorporates a CSV-like check). BTW, I was surprised that the -01
>  SenderID drafts that came out didn't have any Unified SPF stuff in
>  'em. I interpreted something Meng said to mean that I should expect
>  to see it in a draft soon, so I'm still expecting that."

The cynic in me wonders if this was an effort to derail my plan to
create an I-D that remedied the weaknesses I saw. That was its effect.
-=-=-=-
I have a $50+ spf t-shirt. I'm trying to make MARID's work
successful. OTOH: A principal of my mail provider (fastmail.fm's
Jeremy H) is so unhappy with SPF that he's suggesting configurations
that appear designed to *sabotage* its effectivenness; an IESG
member's criticism is provided as justification:
http://www.emailaddresses.com/forum/showthread.php?threadid=22341&highlight=spf

A comment on the power of reputation: Remember, Unified SPF and its
cousins rely on reputation services.  Such services already exist :
[DNS|RHS][W|B]LS, etc.
If an EHLO domain gets an initial pass, the reputation check could be a
lookup of that domain speficially with respect to its use in EHLO, such
as a DNS lookup of  nonspammers.dom.ehlo.mail-abuse.org.  However, I
suspect this may not be necessary, and a DNS lookup such as
nonspammers.dom.SPF.mail-abuse.org would suffice, and a reputation
service would only need maintain a single reputation per domain with
respect to is use with Unified SPF and cousins.
What do folks think? A reputation service would need maintain how many
reputations per domain with respect to is use with Unified SPF and
cousins?
An add'l reputation that may be useful would be at, say
nonspammers.dom.bounce.SPF.mail-abuse.org.  This reputation might
reflect whether nonspammers.dom's mailservers were properly configured
to refuse mail at smtp time whenever possible, and thus not likely
sources of bogus bounces such as joe-jobs.


Andrew Newton wrote:
 > On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:06 PM, David Woodhouse wrote:
 >> A HELO scope would be useful.
 > That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.

No, not even close.  -protocol with CSV, and -protocol with a HELO scope
would be EXTREMELY different, can't believe you don't see this, Andy!
It's certainly been explained many times, on-list, by many people.  I
see strong confirmation that HELO scope would be useful, and an
appropriate change to make.  I see little reasoned opposition to a A
HELO scope.  Let's add it or hear some reasoned opposition.
-protocol with a HELO scope would have giant advantages over plain
-protocol or -protocol with CSV, which have been detailed on-list, e.g.
by me as reasons to make a HELO check mandatory, and as reasoning for
Unified SPF.  Certainly it has some disadvantages as well, which have
also been detailed on-list.  The only one that made sense to me was that 
it would make it more likely for a domain not to specify a list to be 
used for PRA or MAIL FROM verification.  The disadvantage of that is 
that such a domain would receive more joe-job bounces, though there's an 
argument that there would be fewer as well:  MARID requiring HELO is 
easier to deploy effectively, therefore likely to be deployed faster.  
Also this disadvantage applies to SenderID as well- it allows 
joe-job-type bounces to joe-job victims.  Only SPF+SRS doesn't have this 
disadvantage, and only where the unwanted bounces would be coming from a 
server that had implemented SPF.
Some reasons the market may go with the HELO scope instead of the others
(assuming this leave-it-to-the-market proposal flies) are that it has
the advantages of not using restricted IPR, doesn't break
forwarding/mail-list/backup mx operations, and doesn't require end-user
action to implement.
Also, Accuspam implicitly asked an interesting question - why specify
what the list of servers may be used for?  Here's an answer: It's
generally much easier to specify a list of servers that will
legitimately use a domain (e.g. elvey.com) in HELO than it is to specify
a list of servers that will use that domain in PRA or  2821.MAIL FROM! 
Hence some folks will only want to specify the former. Some folks may
want to specify a smaller set of servers for one versus another.
Accuspam said : "Publishing the approved mail servers is something
everybody can agree to do I think?" but this is more complicated than it
seems at first glance, because the set of approved servers for a given
domain is different depending on what its approved for.

As Meng said, if HELO and SUBMITTER (modified to not use the encumbered
IPR) always override MAIL-FROM, then there is no need for SRS.

In addition to/as part of the security review of SenderID:
 I think it's necessary that a number of MAYs and SHOULD [NOT]s turn
 into SHOULD [NOT]s and MUST [NOT]s.  There is far too much waffling -
 MUST [NOTs] MUST be used whereever there isn't a compelling reason not
 to.  IETF standards demand it.

Also, the way that Accredidation and Reputation services are to be used
is essential.  It belongs in a BCP, which should specify BFP (Best
Future Practice) for how various tests should be interpreted and acted
upon.  SPF claims to address the spam problem (according to text that
was on the spf.pobox.com home page) so the Accredidation and Reputation
services that are a necessary component to this solution must be
specified.  An incomplete spec that lacks these things has no business
aspiring to be an Internet Standard.  How can a spec that is grossly
incomplete be properly reviewed by us or the IESG?  It can't!
E.g. John Leslie is quite confused about how A&R might work, or I am, as 
mentioned above.

Regarding IPR:
I am certain that the Microsoft staff working in this area are smart
enough to be aware of how their license is defective and how it needs to
be fixed. They can all read. As time passes and they continue to fail to
fix it, blame for failure of the IETF to address the spam problem falls
gradually more squarely on Microsoft and its staff's shoulders. (They
got involved in the process, worked patent pending ideas they have
claims on into drafts amid promises of licensing that wouldn't be
problematic, Microsoft threw its weight around, and now the licensing is
not satisfactory.) As they've had ample time to do so and haven't done
so, we need to move on without PRA.

=-=-=-=-=

Subj:Re: problems with patents:  the IDN example from RFC3669

wayne wrote:

 >... the people running this working group.
 >
As I understand it: The members of the working group run the working
group. The chairs have limited authority.  They mostly express their
opinion as to what the rules are, and what consensus has been reached,
and help provide needed infrastructure.  Their opinions are not binding,
AFAIK.

For example, they've expressed an (IMO chilling, incorrect and
inappropriate) opinion that certain comments regarding Microsoft and its
interests were inappropriate.  I explained in my last post why some
(not necessarily all, of course) of such comments ARE appropriate in
this forum, with reference to IETF policy describing what is and is not
appropriate.
They don't get to decide.  (They get to invoke BCP 83 mechanisms, and
the IESG can express binding opinions.)

WRT to the importance of the highly divisive IPR issues, their opinion
doesn't hold much more weight than anyone else's, IMO.

I believe they shoot themselves in the foot by making consensus claims
that aren't accurate, e.g claiming rough consensus has been reached on
something when in fact it hasn't.  I sympathize however; they are trying
to meet deadlines and keep the peace.  It's a tough job.

I'm sorry if the above is felt inflammatory.  I talked to a couple folks 
who felt it needed to be said, and is as toned down as I could make it.

=-=-=-=-


Clarification:

On 8/25/2004 1:55 AM, Stephane Bortzmeyer sent forth electrons to convey:

> On Tue, Aug 24, 2004 at 08:05:52PM -0700,
> Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com> wrote
> a message of 80 lines which said:
>
>> 1)A good fraction (I'd estimate 1/2) of my end users have their MTAs
>> configured to send through several SMTP servers, using different
>> From:'s
>
 > You mean "their MUAs", not "their MTAs"? Because, although I know MUA

>  with source routing (Thunderbird), I do not know how to do it
>  properly with typical Unix MTAs.
>
Yes.

=-=-=-=-=
Sorry these comments weren't more timely.

So, who's for a new draft with two scopes: HELO and MAIL-FROM?

(Wait, how about a third scope: From:?  This would be something 
phishedbank.dom might want to use to indicate that it would rather break 
forwarding than allow its domain to be used in From: without its 
authorization.  Do folks think phishedbanks would actually use such a 
scope?  (I'm reopening a closed can of worms; perhaps given the failed 
last call, it's time to do so.))



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 14 18:25:47 2004
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Subject: RE: [Accountability!] RE: SPF abused by spammers
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
Cc: Gordon Fecyk <gordonf@pan-am.ca>, MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 11:29 -0700, Douglas Otis wrote:
> > I'm more interested in knowing that example.com is accountable for mail sent
> > in its name.  I can deal with whether example.com is worthy or not later.
> 
> Neither Sender-ID nor SPF provide an identity that will allow this later
> reputation to be safely established. 

Right.

>  When example.com sends mail using a EHLO name of mx.example.com, this
> is not much different than example.com using a MAIL FROM domain of
> rp.example.com. 

Indeed. It's just an arbitrary key into some form of trust database now
-- just some identification handle for the 'entity' which claims to take
responsibility for the mail server or group of mail servers in question.

>  For that matter, the From mailbox domain does not need to match the
> identity checked for either Sender-ID and SPF. 

This is a very important point. We're _not_ verifying the From: header
or indeed anything which the user is actually going to see. It _doesn't_
help stop your muppet users from clicking on the link and entering all
their bank details. You'd need an end-to-end solution for that, not a
hop-by-hop solution which permits me to send:

	MAIL FROM:<SRS0+x+y+bigbank.com+admin@mydomain.org>
	From: admin@bigbank.com
	To: sucker@darwinwaswrong.com
	Forwarded-For: sucker@mydomain.org

	Please enter your details <A HREF="...>here</A>

It's _only_ about how much you trust the individual mail server which is
actually offering the mail. You can't really tell, in the interesting
cases, if the mail actually was generated by the purported author whose
address is given in the From: header.

Even if it comes _directly_ from an IP address which is listed as
permitted for the domain -- if it comes from a port above 1023 it could
have been from _anyone_ with access to that box. Even in the absence of
forwarding, the mailfrom/pra-replacement scopes aren't sufficient for
real authentication. 

Compare and contrast with real end-to-end solutions such as PGP, or the
scheme I operate to sign outgoing MAIL FROM: rather than ever using MAIL
FROM:<dwmw2@infradead.org>. If you get a mail which is signed by my PGP
key, or on which the return-path is an address of the form
SRS0+x+y+infradead.org+dwmw2@x.srs.infradead.org and to which address my
servers actually accept bounces, then you have a _very_ good chance it
actually came from me.

SenderID has its place -- in determining a 'responsible entity' for mail
servers which are submitting mail, and hence allowing some level of
trust to be determined. But let's not kid ourselves that it's a
replacement for a true method of proving that the mail really did come
from where it claims to come from.

>  This makes EHLO no different. Using EHLO does protect customers from
> lax providers.  Making the authenticated EHLO visible would also
> greatly help reduce phishing. EHLO offers consumer protections that
> Sender-ID had only promised but without many of the risks.

Right. Almost _any_ alternative lookup key would suffice, as long as a
sending host can be provably associated with the entity which is
represented by the key. HELO works, the signatures on TLS certs also
work -- and I'm sure there are many more. Most of which could be used
without all the breakage and the changes to existing practice which the
mailfrom and pra-replacement scopes would require, and without the
potential IPR problems. Let's explore those alternatives some more.

-- 
dwmw2




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On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 01:44:19PM -0700, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:

> All three have a part - an important part.  Authentication gets you to 
> "who is this really?";  accreditation gets you to "what are they 
> doing?", and reputation gets you to "what do others whom I trust think 
> about what they are doing".

Authentication: yes.
Reputation: yes.

Accreditation: why would I care?

By this I mean: can you give an example of how this would change my
opinion based on their reputation?

Alex



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 13:27, Alan DeKok wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > You describe that as authenticating the MTA, but what this operation is
> > doing is validating the MTA as authorized to send a message containing
> > the MAIL FROM.
> 
>   <sigh> The recipient (SMTP server) is authorizing the MTA (SMTP
> client) as an MTA authentically within the domain named in MAIL FROM.

>From the Latin authenticus- coming from the real author, of original or
first-hand authority.  It would be a mistake to apply this term to a
second-hand authority, as is the case with SPF or Sender-ID.  It would
be safer not to describe the real author (the mailbox domain at least)
as authenticated.  Rather, this mailbox domain has authorized
second-hand parties to act on their behalf and claim this authorization
has been validated.

> > There are two things needed as independent steps.  One, authenticate the
> > name of the MTA to allow safe reputation assertions.
> 
>   And that's where I disagree.  For me, the point of MAIL FROM
> authentication is not about reputation assertions, it's about the
> ability of the domain named in MAIL FROM to control the use of it's
> name.
> 
>   e.g. example.com & example.org share an outgoing MTA:
> out.example.com.  In SMTP conversations, it announces itself as "EHLO
> out.example.com".  It may then say "MAIL FROM: user@example.org".
> 
>   Nothing in SMTP today permits the recipient to determine if
> "out.example.com" is a valid outgoing MTA for example.org.  My goal in
> this area is to provide a way to make that determination.  Stopping
> spam, and reputation services, are interesting, but not something I
> find to be practical.

If the EHLO name had been authenticated and the authorization validated,
as possible with CSV, then to assert which MTAs are authorized to send
mail on behalf of a mailbox domain only requires a very simple list of
PTR records.  This list can be obtained from a single DNS query and not
require any subsequent lookups to ascertain related addresses.  The
addresses will have already been checked by the "no-added overhead" CSV
operation. 

>   i.e. If MAIL FROM authentication records in DNS stop other people
> using my name in vain, that's great.  I don't care how other people
> restrict (or not) the user of their names: that's up to them.  For me,
> the issue isn't that authentication will stop other people from
> spamming me, it's that it will stop other people from claiming that
> I'm spamming them.

>From an overhead standpoint, this goal of stopping spoofed mail is
better done using two steps.  One is CSV, and the other is MPR.  CSV
does not add to the DNS overhead at all.  MPR only requires a highly 
deterministic single query to obtain authorization lists and the level
of the assertions.  This has the added advantage of not providing a spam
exploit where these authorization list are claimed to offer (bogus)
"authentication" of the MTA.  

> > But neither SPF nor Sender-ID properly identify the MTA.
> 
>   For some meaning of the word "properly".

It is not proper to claim an MTA, authorized to send messages with
my-small-business mailbox domain, is the same as being administered by
my-small-business.com.  With SPF or Sender-ID, don't suggest
second-party servers for big-isp.com are administered by
my-small-business.com simply because an SPF or Sender-ID record granted
big-isp.com authorization to send messages.  To say that SPF or
Sender-ID authenticate big-isp.com as "being" my-small-business.com only
confuses the issue.  The risk from this muddled thinking is that these
identities may be employed to unfairly establish reputations.

> > Blocking by the mailbox domain may unfairly block innocent victims
> > of spoofing, but blocking by the MTA EHLO name will safely block the
> > MTA with the problem.
> 
>   You then label everyone at the MTA with a broad brush.  Sure, the
> MTA is ultimately responsible, but if a recipient can use "MAIL FROM"
> to tell that a subset of domains via that MTA are "bad", then it would
> be imprudent to label *all* domains at that MTA "bad", just because
> you authenticated the MTA via EHLO.

When the MTA administrator does not revoke access to abusive accounts,
why consider any message from this MTA to be valid?  The MTA may be
compromised or not checking SPF or Sender-ID records.  To block some
mailbox domain coming from a suspect MTA will also block this mailbox
domain from all other MTAs.  When the problem was with the MTA in
question, blocking the mailbox domain currently being spoofed will only
cause great harm to that domain and not stop the problem, as the abuser
will simply spoof the next mailbox domain (victim).

The reputation service is unable to determine what is being checked at
the MTA.  The reputation service does not know the source of the message
as you wish to imply.  The reputation service would be making a grievous
error assuming the MTA was being properly administered and the mailbox
domain was actually the source of the message.  Again, the mailbox
domain was not authenticated as you imply.  

-Doug



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This is a MIME GnuPG-signed message.  If you see this text, it means that
your E-mail or Usenet software does not support MIME signed messages.

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Andrew Newton writes:

> 
> 
> On Sep 13, 2004, at 10:21 AM, Jonathan de Boyne Pollard wrote:
> 
>> Even 3 years after the publication of RFC 2821, which obviated the
>> requirement that caused these to be done in the first place, many SMTP
>> Relay client softwares _still_ perform "ANY" DNS lookups instead of
>> separate "CNAME" and "MX" lookups (or, better yet in light of RFC 2821,
>> just "MX" lookups).
> 
> I looked into this about a year ago and found that most MTAs did MX 
> then A,AAAA.

Generally, DNS servers will return a CNAME in response to a query for any RR 
for that hostname; and recursive resolvers will follow the CNAME chain.

The original client receives a reply that includes all the CNAMEs, and the 
MX RRs; provided that everything fits in the UDP packet.


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Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of
	23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Sat, 2004-09-11 at 13:59 -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
> The document authors have agreed to producing new drafts intended to 
> meet the chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the 
> appropriate diffs will be forthcoming.  This work plan does not include 
> scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion that no 
> new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
> successfully produced a first specification.

I strongly disagree with this opinion. I believe that it does not make
sense to have multiple scopes, and certainly not to plan to add even
more scopes later. I shall explain my reasoning:

The 'mail from' and 'pra' scopes require significant changes in current
practice, which would essentially require the entire Internet to
'upgrade' to conform. 

Setting aside the deployment problems posed by this, let us assume that
despite the fact that most of them haven't even discovered ESMTP yet,
the whole world _does_ actually manage to upgrade tomorrow; to perform
SRS and to add whatever we decide to use instead of the badly-chosen
'Resent-From:' header.

Once such an upgrade has occurred, the identities actually _checked_ by
either scope would be modified automatically by mail servers as the mail
is in transit -- each mail server could pick any arbitrary 'domain' to
put into those identities for checking, as long as the DNS records for
that 'domain' permit the IP address of the server in question. 

The identity which is being checked at each hop would no longer be
directly related to the original sender of the mail, but merely serves
as a verified identifier for the entity which controls the mail server
in question, and can be used to determine a level of trust for that
server.

Therefore, the 'mail from' and 'pra' scopes should be considered equal,
not as complementary forms of 'authentication'. Once the whole world has
upgraded, each scope provides merely an arbitrary handle by which to
classify the mail host which is submitting a given mail.

That is why it does not make sense to offer multiple scopes. One would
suffice, and it should be one which does not suffer potential IPR
problems and which does not require such a worldwide 'upgrade'. The HELO
identifier checked against an IP address, or a signature on TLS
certificates, or perhaps the SUBMITTER SMTP extension, would provide an
equally suitable identifier for the entity responsible for a given mail
server, without any of the technical difficulties.

Therefore, the working group should abandon the 'mail from' and 'pra'
scopes and seek a _single_ scope which serves the purpose of identifying
the entity responsible for a given mail server.

The problem of true authentication of senders is a separate one which
needs to be addressed by a true end-to-end method. To use a hop-by-hop
method based solely on IP addresses for such a task is inherently
insecure and is counter-productive due to the confusion it causes.

-- 
dwmw2




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From: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Subject: Re: Interpreting "v=spf1"
Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 15:38:28 -0700
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I worded my post on this topic carefully.  I never said that "v=spf1" 
records "should not be used", nor did I suggest "throwing out the 
deployment of .. SPF records".

I am against them being included as part of the standard.

We should not drag the "v=spf1" records into issues of conformance, 
interoperability, future deployment and/or deprecation, etc.  Let's not 
complicate the situation for publishers of records even more by 
throwing "v=spf1" into the mix.

I am for implementations supporting them.

Of course "v=spf1" records can be almost certainly interpreted at 
"spf2.0/mailfrom".  Surely, any implementation can do this trivially.  
They should.  But when things go wrong with "v=spf1" records, for any 
reason, better for us to be able to all say: "Use the standard"

	- Mark

Mark Lentczner
http://www.ozonehouse.com/mark/
markl@glyphic.com



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Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2004 19:14:15 -0400
From: John Leslie <john@jlc.net>
To: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
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Subject: Re: HELO, IPR, A&R means new draft?; scope; Microsoft - (Re: DEPLOY - IP, HELO & touch count. )
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Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com> wrote:
> 
> I think John Leslie said that under SenderID, a domain's reputation 
> would be looked up by looking up the IPs its SPF2 record lists in an IP 
> blacklist.

   More exactly, I said one could build a reputation service this way.
It was _a_ way to build a reputation service; not an _only_ way.

> I think John is confused - that's not what I am expecting.  I'm 
> expecting the domain itself to be looked up in a RHSBL. 

   The question is, how would such a RHSBL be maintained? It seemed to
me that any RHS that scored poorly under that scheme would need to be
on a hair-trigger because it could go from zero to a million spams in
a matter of seconds.

   (I'm not the least bit sure this is a good time to discuss the issue,
but I'd like to minimize confusion about what the issue is...)

--
John Leslie <john@jlc.net>



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On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:

> > > True - but that's the basis of all reputation mechanisms - there's no
> > > absolute authority to refer to, you decide whose opinion you trust. 
> > If
> > > AOL trusts MSN, that's their business.
> >
> > I agree. Reputation and trust can't be based on false assumptions. You
> > can't accept promises that you know the other party can't keep, even if
> > they really wanted to. That's true for just about everything, not just
> > spam.
> 
> This is exactly why reputation is only one part of it, and only offers 
> a complete package when coupled (tripled?) authentication and 
> accreditation - our IADB (ISIPP Accreditation Database) being one 
> example of the latter.  Look for more accreditation databases to show 
> up, particularly as authentication moves more into place.

I'm not sure these databases aren't a good idea. I haven't really thought
them through enough to offer an opinion. My first impression on hearing of
them was that they were just another scam to get money from ISPs.  First
impressions aren't always right.  Knowing policies seems like it couldn't
hurt, although, like blacklists (ORBS, SORBS, MAPS, etc), these database
operators could easily lie and do harm.  Since we've already had so many
bad experiences with blacklists, we aren't so gullible anymore about who
we trust. (well less so anyway)  The present scheme for blacklists is to
find some college student with no assets in another country to claim
ownership or else to be completely anonymous to prevent being held legally
and financially responsible for false statemnts.  And the anti-spam
community also has no scruples about continuing associations with
court-proven liars and those who have previously violated the trust placed 
in them to block only spammers.

I'm not sure I'd call such databases "reputation". "Reputation" is
something that is acquired over time, by the opinion of many people, not
just one person. Not even a smallish group of people.  'Reputation' is
that thing that some will try to smear, and others honestly report. Time
reveals truth and reputation.  No database can do that.

> All three have a part - an important part.  Authentication gets you to 
> "who is this really?";  accreditation gets you to "what are they 
> doing?", and reputation gets you to "what do others whom I trust think 
> about what they are doing".

But to get an answer to "who is this really", the authentication has to
actually work. MTA Authentication doesn't achieve this goal. Even with MTA
'authentication', the sender isn't really authenticated, and you don't
know who you're really dealing with.  Further, no indication either way is
given.  A system that is always right in a certain situation and often
wrong in others can still be useful. While a system that is uncertain in
all situations has no use.

Accredidation just lists a companies/end users/ISPs policies. A user won't
know if they really implement those policies, and there is no way to
distinguish a company with pink contracts from ordinary security and
disposable signup problems.  But even larger, given our past bad
experiences with blacklists, we can't trust anyone not to use such lists
for revenge.  

And there is still the problem I described with reputation: since an
ISP/end user/company/etc can never vouch that it will never sign up a
(disposable) spammer nor vouch that its users won't get viruses or worms,
nor even that its own systems won't be compromised.  So reputation systems
based on such claims are based on dishonesty to begin with.  Such a system
is basically just a negative reputation system: It lists only those who
lie or aren't smart enough to know they're lying.

I don't think this triad works.

> In a perfect world, in my opinion, everyone would check SPF or other 
> authentication records, query an accreditation database like IADB, and 
> then either query a reputation system of their choice such Habeas or 
> Bonded Sender - or make a note from the IADB results that the sender is 
> listed with a service like  Habeas or Bonded Sender (note that this 
> does not diminish the Habeas or Bonded Sender model - in fact it helps 
> them - we give points for participating in either - it just reduces the 
> query to their database by one).

A little offtopic: I don't think the spam problem can be solved
technically, based on information theory constraints, that is on the
notion that one can't ever prove that there aren't covert channels in a
communication system. The term 'covert channels' specifically comes from
the analysis of operating systems and spying, but the information theory
principles on which the notion of covert channels is based are not
specific to operating systems or spying. Similar analyses have been done
on other types of systems, using different terms than 'covert channel',
such as 'sneaky channel' Without going into too much detail, this means
the spam problem (like the spying problem) is always a whack-a-mole
problem. We can detect spam, and whack spammers. But spammers are always
free to sign up again, infect systems, etc, and otherwise adapt to
whatever means we invent to detect spam.  The alternative is to restrict
their behavior non-technically, and that requires a lawful means of
coercion, which requires some kind of legal process.

Further off-topic, a thought occured to me recently after someone recently
mentioned "the economics of spam". My first thought was that they were
misusing the term economics.  They meant "profits". 'Economics' is a
science about how costs, and profits and such things interact. One cannot
actually change the "economics" of spam. One can only change the costs and
profits of spam.  Then it occured to me: a principle of economics states
that if a business finds a way to reduce costs, then the rest of its
competitors __have_no_choice__ but to follow suit in order to remain
competitive.  In other words, spam should have a measurable impact on the
industry segments whose products are being spammed.  In other words, the
Viagra retailers not using spam should be going broke.  Viagra may not be
a good example, since Viagra is a prescription drug, and nearly all Viagra
spam is a hoax, not actually selling Viagra.  But there are other products
that are being advertised via spam.  The competing companies should be
going broke because the spamming companies have lowered their costs.  
Just like the local grocery store is hard hit by Walmart.  But, for some
reason, this isn't happening.  I don't have the background to do the
necessary economic research, but there should be a measurable impact due
to spam, and not just on ISPs.  

For those who didn't follow the above, let me put it this way: When
Walmart comes to town, things change.  We should be able to detect and
measure those changes.

		--Dean



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Subject: Misinformation - Re: Interpreting "v=spf1" (was Work plan for Sender
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"v=spf1" MUST be valid for the "HELO" scope or the message/record is not 
compliant enough with the SPF specification to ensure a 'pass'.
Mark's statements to the contrary are incorrect. (Read the spec - the 
SPF I-D - http://spf.pobox.com/spf-draft-200406.txt , which says that 
the HELO check MAY be done on any message. 
Hey, Meng - it's way too hard to find the I-Ds on the site since the 
redesign! )

From the spec:
   "An SMTP sending host MUST also resolve a "pass" for all the
   SPF-conformant domains which appear in the "HELO" or "EHLO" command."



Mark Lentczner wrote:

> On Sep 13, 2004, at 8:39 PM, wayne wrote:
>
>> I again ask that the "v=spf1 " magic number be interpreted as
>> "spf2.0/mailfrom,helo" in the SenderID spec.
>
> [T]he use of the HELO domain in the classic SPF check does not 
> constitute a check on the HELO scope:  

See spec.

> It is not ascertaining the authorization of the use of the domain name 
> in HELO.

See spec.

>   The use of the HELO domain to construct a MAIL FROM identity when 
> the reverse-path is null ("<>") is still checking the authorized use 
> of the domain name as a MAIL FROM name.

See spec.

> It does not constitute a blanket assertion about domain use in HELO.

 See spec.



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Subject: Re: HELO, IPR, A&R means new draft?; scope; Microsoft - (Re:
	DEPLOY - IP, HELO & touch count. )
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
Cc: IETF-MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, Carl Hutzler <cdhutzler@aol.com>,
        Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>,
        Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>, John Leslie <john@jlc.net>
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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 14:14, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> This is a belated-due-to-to-travel follow-up to replies to this post:
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03596.html
> (Summary: Sender ID fails to be a solution that only requires sysadmin
> action; it mandates end-user reconfiguration on a massive scale, because
> it doesn't say that HELO checking should/must be done... The Microsoft
> IPR are too encumbered...)
> 
> The issues I raised in my last post were appropriate during a last 
> call:  They were raised earlier, and there were strong indications that 
> they would be addressed (e.g. the Unified SPF discussion and 
> documents).  Yet they were in fact not addressed by the specs that were 
> in last call. 
> 
> "=-=-=-=" <-- topic separator
> 
> I think John Leslie said that under SenderID, a domain's reputation 
> would be looked up by looking up the IPs its SPF2 record lists in an IP 
> blacklist.
> I think John is confused - that's not what I am expecting.  I'm 
> expecting the domain itself to be looked up in a RHSBL.  That's Right 
> Hand Side Block List.  (John's idea could prove useful, but I'd be 
> surprised if it, e.g., scored well if coded as a SpamAssassin rule and 
> evaluated)

The obvious reaction to this technique would be to spoof IP addresses of
known good MX servers in these records.  As I said before, the mailbox
domain within SPF and Sender-ID is worthless for reputation checks.  In
this respect, John is right in this case.  The address must be used for
any checks or reputation assessment.

> =-=-=-=-=
> On 8/25/2004 4:32 AM, Carl Hutzler sent forth electrons to convey:
> 
> > <Matthew Elvey said:>
> >
> >> Phrased differently:
> >> Sender ID fails to be a solution that only requires sysadmin action; it
> >> mandates end-user reconfiguration on a massive scale, because, IIRC, it
> >> doesn't say that HELO checking should/must be done. Hence I (of
> >> elvey.com) would have to get all my domain's end users to use MSAs that
> >> I (as DNS admin of elvey.com) knew about. For fastmail.fm, my email
> >> provider, who hosts mail for thousands of domains, they would have to
> >> support this for each user of each domain!) If HELO checking is
> >> mandatory, they just send HELO fastmail.fm, and ensure that fastmail.fm
> >> has a good reputation.
> >
> >
> > This is a VERY interesting approach. I think you are saying, scratch using
> > DNS for "listing Domains allowed to be sent by an IP address", and instead
> > have the system admin "program" those domains into the MTAs (e.g. a config
> > in sendmail). The MTA would HELO the domain they are about to send for, IF
> > THE MTA is told they are allowed to send for that domain in the first 
> > place
> > - otherwise the mail is rejected (and likely much closer to the submission
> > MTA/MSA).
> >
> > This sounds really cool. But I am an engineer and must always ask, what is
> > wrong with this and why has it not been thought of before?

It has been considered and there is language within CSV that
accommodates this approach. : )

> > Lets see, forwarding cases....might work here with some PRA/Submitter type
> > changes. Not a huge problem.
> 
> Forwarding case would work GREAT - no PRA/SUBMITTER needed.  Yes, 'The 
> MTA would HELO the domain they are about to send for.'  This domain 
> wouldn't have to match the MAIL FROM or PRA or SUBMITTER.  It would 
> simply need to be a domain that had an appropriate reputation for the 
> content.   E.g. if we assume AOL is responsible about ensuring very 
> little spam is sent using the servers it authorizes to do HELO aol.com, 
> and sends all email through these servers, then there is no forwarding 
> to worry about. Helo aol.dom would trigger a reputation check on aol.dom 
> as used in HELO, the repuation would be excellent, and no further checks 
> would be necessary - the From: domain or PRA could be elvey.dom or 
> DomainWithNoSPFrecord.dom.
> Here's a sophisticated possible scenario that provides more flexibility: 
> AOL might do HELO goodAolPayingCustomer.dom, if the mail is from one, 
> and the customer hasn't recently sent a ton of email.  It might use HELO 
> aolSuspectCustomer.dom where appropriate, before cutting the customer 
> off completely.  AOL wouldn't have to pay to give 
> goodAolPayingCustomer.dom a good reputation; it would deserve it.  AOL 
> wouldn't have to cut off customers as often - it could limit use in a 
> less draconian way.  Helo aolTrialUser.dom and HELO AOLFreeEmailUser.dom 
> would make sense, provided AOL provided and used dedicated IPs for such 
> mail and created the appropriate DNS records.
> Just to clarify: the above is a sophisticated, enhanced solution that 
> HELO-based reputations make *possible*.  It will be perfectly OK for an 
> MTA (or all of a domain's MTAs) to have one domain that goes in all 
> HELO/EHLO commands sent, and this is likely to be the usual case, and 
> will work well.
>
> > OK so what is wrong with this?
> 
> Well, no criticism so far, other than from Jim, which I've addressed 
> thoroughly. 
>
> > -Carl
> >
> On 8/26/2004 11:12 AM, Jim Lyon accurately summarized and conveyed:
> 
> > Matthew Elvey raises two points that I summarize as follows:
> >
> >> 1. If you don't know what a domain's outward-facing MTAs are,
> >> it's really hard to build a SenderID record. (And he estimates
> >> that half of his customers are in this boat.)
> >
> > True.
> >
> >> 2. If instead of SenderID, we'd merely authenticated the HELO name,
> >> and built up reputation systems that say whether particular
> >> HELO names behave reasonably, these people's lives would be easier.
> >
> > It's true, but it's a whole lot weaker form of authentication.
> 
> Please, I've already explained why it is stronger.  If you're going to 
> say it's weaker after it's been explained WHY it's stronger, please 
> respond to the provided arguments. You need to do this or you drag the 
> conversation to the <Yes it is. No it isn't. Yes it IS...> level.  
> [edit: it looks like you've had the argument with Doug in this thread.]

I find it difficult to believe people will allow themselves to be harmed
by reputation services that hold them accountable for any MTA authorized
to send their mail.

I can imagine the conversation: (ac=angry party, rs=reputation service)
 
 ap> Why in the h*ll did you put by domain on your rhsbl?

 rs> There are incidents where this mailbox domain was used in spam.

 ap> I never sent this cr*p!

 rs> Ah, but you authorized the MTA that sent it.

 ap> What authorization caused this problem?

 rs> This will require investigating and a fee to resolve.

 ap> Too bad Sender-ID does not identify the authentic sender!
 
> > I don't care whether a mail server is who he says he is, I care
> > whether he's authorized to send the message he's trying to send.

May I add that the marid-mpr draft can safely answer this question
within a single DNS query and not require the potentially hundreds
needed by Sender-ID or SPF.

> Can we please graduate to more advanced banter than this?  The charter 
> says what we care about. (It's adequate, even if the main goal is to 
> address spam, including joe-jobs, phishing, etc.) 
> The first half of the sentence states that you don't care about the 
> server's Identity, and I know that you in fact do; SenderID relies on 
> Identity.  I fail to find a logical argument for ignoring HELO.  You 
> imply you care about the body of the message, but SenderID doesn't look 
> at the body.  (Why are you calling a mail server a 'he'?  It's confusing.)
> 
> Jim Lyon later also said:
> 
> > Authorization: The SenderID test determines whether the sending MTA is
> > authorized to send mail that claims to come from a particular domain.
> 
> This is a too-short definition (which you later improved upon); it's 
> actually not accurate.  A mail message can claim to be from several 
> domains. 
> 
> Jim later clarified things:
> 
> > The identity being authorized is the sending MTA's IP address. The
> > action being authorized is to send a message on behalf of the PRA.
> > The organization doing the authorization is the domain of the PRA.
> 
> PRA, if adopted, will be manipulated by spammers by the insertion of 
> forged headers.  (I'm working on an example.)
> 
> =-=-=-=-=-=-=

> Andrew Newton wrote:
>  > On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:06 PM, David Woodhouse wrote:
>  >> A HELO scope would be useful.
>  > That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.
> 
> No, not even close.  -protocol with CSV, and -protocol with a HELO scope
> would be EXTREMELY different, can't believe you don't see this, Andy!

Please consider the need for two steps in this process.  One,
authenticate and validate the authorization of the MTA EHLO name.  Two,
obtain a list of authorized EHLO names referenced by the mailbox domain
being examined.  This list can be either nominal or comprehensive
without the nominal case inviting spoofing.  In which case, CSV remains
"as-is".  MPR records are much simpler and easier to maintain and obtain
than scripts for SPF or Sender-ID.   

I would suggest avoiding sequential TXT scripts needed with either SPF
or Sender-ID as being unworkable.  CSV used in combination with MPR and
BATV provides all the features claimed by either SPF, SRS or Sender-ID
without disrupting email to the same extent.

There is another issue with either SPF or Sender-ID records.  CSV and
MPR are named based solutions that work within the natural scale of DNS
and only require single non-sequential lookups.  SPF or Sender-ID
require either extensive iterative references to record names to obtain
addresses, or the repeating of IP addresses in a script form.  The
maintenance of such a list will be high, or the relative overhead to use
such a list will be high or both.

> As Meng said, if HELO and SUBMITTER (modified to not use the encumbered
> IPR) always override MAIL-FROM, then there is no need for SRS.

With a public version of BATV there is no need for SRS either.

> In addition to/as part of the security review of SenderID:
>  I think it's necessary that a number of MAYs and SHOULD [NOT]s turn
>  into SHOULD [NOT]s and MUST [NOT]s.  There is far too much waffling -
>  MUST [NOTs] MUST be used whereever there isn't a compelling reason not
>  to.  IETF standards demand it.
> 
> Also, the way that Accredidation and Reputation services are to be used
> is essential.  It belongs in a BCP, which should specify BFP (Best
> Future Practice) for how various tests should be interpreted and acted
> upon.  SPF claims to address the spam problem (according to text that
> was on the spf.pobox.com home page) so the Accredidation and Reputation
> services that are a necessary component to this solution must be
> specified.  An incomplete spec that lacks these things has no business
> aspiring to be an Internet Standard.  How can a spec that is grossly
> incomplete be properly reviewed by us or the IESG?  It can't!
> E.g. John Leslie is quite confused about how A&R might work, or I am, as 
> mentioned above.

Let me clarify.  Neither Sender-ID nor SPF will support RHSBLs.

> =-=-=-=-=
> Sorry these comments weren't more timely.
> 
> So, who's for a new draft with two scopes: HELO and MAIL-FROM?
> 
> (Wait, how about a third scope: From:?  This would be something 
> phishedbank.dom might want to use to indicate that it would rather break 
> forwarding than allow its domain to be used in From: without its 
> authorization.  Do folks think phishedbanks would actually use such a 
> scope?  (I'm reopening a closed can of worms; perhaps given the failed 
> last call, it's time to do so.))

You will find that the marid-mpr draft does allow the protection of the
>From and the MAIL FROM and is a good alternative to the PRA approach.

-Doug



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I agree with Andy.

I thought we should have done this all along. The mail from and pra
mechanisms are merely means of interpreting and using the SPF data. The data
itself consists of no more and no less than a set of IP addresses
corresponding to approved outgoing edge servers which may or may not be
known (and specified) to be complete.

		Phill

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Woodhouse [mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org]
> Sent: Tuesday, September 14, 2004 6:25 PM
> To: Andrew Newton
> Cc: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last 
> call period
> of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
> 
> 
> 
> On Sat, 2004-09-11 at 13:59 -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
> > The document authors have agreed to producing new drafts 
> intended to 
> > meet the chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the 
> > appropriate diffs will be forthcoming.  This work plan does 
> not include 
> > scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our 
> opinion that no 
> > new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
> > successfully produced a first specification.
> 
> I strongly disagree with this opinion. I believe that it does not make
> sense to have multiple scopes, and certainly not to plan to add even
> more scopes later. I shall explain my reasoning:
> 
> The 'mail from' and 'pra' scopes require significant changes 
> in current
> practice, which would essentially require the entire Internet to
> 'upgrade' to conform. 
> 
> Setting aside the deployment problems posed by this, let us 
> assume that
> despite the fact that most of them haven't even discovered ESMTP yet,
> the whole world _does_ actually manage to upgrade tomorrow; to perform
> SRS and to add whatever we decide to use instead of the badly-chosen
> 'Resent-From:' header.
> 
> Once such an upgrade has occurred, the identities actually 
> _checked_ by
> either scope would be modified automatically by mail servers 
> as the mail
> is in transit -- each mail server could pick any arbitrary 'domain' to
> put into those identities for checking, as long as the DNS records for
> that 'domain' permit the IP address of the server in question. 
> 
> The identity which is being checked at each hop would no longer be
> directly related to the original sender of the mail, but merely serves
> as a verified identifier for the entity which controls the mail server
> in question, and can be used to determine a level of trust for that
> server.
> 
> Therefore, the 'mail from' and 'pra' scopes should be 
> considered equal,
> not as complementary forms of 'authentication'. Once the 
> whole world has
> upgraded, each scope provides merely an arbitrary handle by which to
> classify the mail host which is submitting a given mail.
> 
> That is why it does not make sense to offer multiple scopes. One would
> suffice, and it should be one which does not suffer potential IPR
> problems and which does not require such a worldwide 
> 'upgrade'. The HELO
> identifier checked against an IP address, or a signature on TLS
> certificates, or perhaps the SUBMITTER SMTP extension, would 
> provide an
> equally suitable identifier for the entity responsible for a 
> given mail
> server, without any of the technical difficulties.
> 
> Therefore, the working group should abandon the 'mail from' and 'pra'
> scopes and seek a _single_ scope which serves the purpose of 
> identifying
> the entity responsible for a given mail server.
> 
> The problem of true authentication of senders is a separate one which
> needs to be addressed by a true end-to-end method. To use a hop-by-hop
> method based solely on IP addresses for such a task is inherently
> insecure and is counter-productive due to the confusion it causes.
> 
> -- 
> dwmw2
> 
> 



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On Sep 14, 2004, at 6:03 PM, Alex van den Bogaerdt wrote:

>
> On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 01:44:19PM -0700, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:
>
>> All three have a part - an important part.  Authentication gets you to
>> "who is this really?";  accreditation gets you to "what are they
>> doing?", and reputation gets you to "what do others whom I trust think
>> about what they are doing".
>
> Authentication: yes.
> Reputation: yes.
>
> Accreditation: why would I care?
>
> By this I mean: can you give an example of how this would change my
> opinion based on their reputation?

Very small senders won't have the volume to create a statistically 
significant reputation. But if they are accredited ("this is a shoe 
shop, established in 1985, uses good practices") and the reputation 
data is essentially empty, then you know something.

If you just have empty reputation without accreditation you don't know 
if they are new, and potentially churning identities, or just small.

Margaret.



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In <CC3A855E-069E-11D9-B753-000393A56BB6@glyphic.com> Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> writes:

> I am against them being included as part of the standard.
>
> [....]
>
> I am for implementations supporting them.


*UGH*

What next?  Implementations should (*wink* *wink*) support ipv4: as an
alias for ip4:?  And prt: is ok for ptr:?  And putting an IP address
on a: is something implementations should support because there are
alread a lot of records out there that have it?


> Of course "v=spf1" records can be almost certainly interpreted at
> "spf2.0/mailfrom".  Surely, any implementation can do this trivially.
> They should.  But when things go wrong with "v=spf1" records, for any
> reason, better for us to be able to all say: "Use the standard"

This is circular reasoning.  Things will go wrong with both the SPFv1
records and SPFv2 records.  By excluding them from the standard you
are by definition making them non-standard.  By making them
non-standard, people will not want to support them, or if they support
them, they won't have anything to guide them.  


How fricken hard it is it put a sentence in the standard that says:

"Records that begin with v=spf1 MUST be interpreted as spf2.0/mailfrom,helo"


-wayne



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[top quoting fixed, extra words deleted, and the Reference: header
restored.  All due to brain-dead mail software.]


In <C6DDA43B91BFDA49AA2F1E473732113E010BEB8E@mou1wnexm05.vcorp.ad.vrsn.com> "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com> writes:

> David Woodhouse [mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org] wrote:
>> 
>> On Sat, 2004-09-11 at 13:59 -0400, Andrew Newton wrote:
>> >                                         This work plan does not include 
>> > scopes outside of "mail from" and "pra", and it is our opinion that no 
>> > new work items of this type should be considered until MARID has 
>> > successfully produced a first specification.
>> 
>> I strongly disagree with this opinion. I believe that it does not make
>> sense to have multiple scopes, and certainly not to plan to add even
>> more scopes later. I shall explain my reasoning:
>
> I agree with Andy.

No, apparently you agree with David Woodhouse.  It is easy to get
confused when you don't use proper quoting.


> I thought we should have done this all along.


Yes, I know.  This was discussed long ago.  The rough consensus was
against your opinion.  I thought that while there should be multiple
scopes, we could have one record that covered them all.  The rough
consensus was against my opinion.


Now, can we *PLEASE* stop re-raising old issues everything someone new
comes into this working group?



-wayne



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of wayne
> Sent: Tuesday, September 14, 2004 9:18 PM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: Re: Interpreting "v=spf1"
> 
> 
> 
> In <CC3A855E-069E-11D9-B753-000393A56BB6@glyphic.com> Mark 
> Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> writes:
> 
> > I am against them being included as part of the standard.
> >
> > [....]
> >
> > I am for implementations supporting them.
<snip>
> 
> How fricken hard it is it put a sentence in the standard that says:
> 
> "Records that begin with v=spf1 MUST be interpreted as 
> spf2.0/mailfrom,helo"
> 
> 
> -wayne
> 

Given the thought:
> I am for implementations supporting them.

I see no other choice but then to agree with Wayne v=spf1  ===  spf2.0/mailfrom,helo

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com 
Fax: (416) 441-9085




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On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 08:17:51PM -0500, wayne wrote:
| 
| "Records that begin with v=spf1 MUST be interpreted as spf2.0/mailfrom,helo"
| 

I agree with the sentiment behind this suggestion.  It might
even be more useful if v=spf1 records were defined to mean

  spf2.0/pra,mailfrom,helo,pra

or perhaps

  spf2.0/pra,mailfrom,helo,pra,ptr

and if a sender is uncomfortable with those semantics then
they should publish proper spf2.0 records that override the
v1 entries.



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On 9/14/2004 4:14 PM, John Leslie sent forth electrons to convey:

>Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com> wrote:
>
>   The question is, how would such a RHSBL be maintained? It seemed to
>me that any RHS that scored poorly under that scheme would need to be
>on a hair-trigger because it could go from zero to a million spams in
>a matter of seconds.
>  
>
This is a FAQ.  You can find an answer here:
http://spf.pobox.com/faq.html#churn
There are RHSBLs in production already.  They are maintained much like 
regular BLs.
(There are also URIRBLs that work quite well, BTW, but that is very OT.)

>   (I'm not the least bit sure this is a good time to discuss the issue,
>but I'd like to minimize confusion about what the issue is...)
>  
>



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On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 02:14:45PM -0700, Matthew Elvey wrote:
| I have a $50+ spf t-shirt. I'm trying to make MARID's work
| successful. OTOH: A principal of my mail provider (fastmail.fm's
| Jeremy H) is so unhappy with SPF that he's suggesting configurations
| that appear designed to *sabotage* its effectivenness; an IESG
| member's criticism is provided as justification:
| http://www.emailaddresses.com/forum/showthread.php?threadid=22341&highlight=spf

The unhappiness there seems to be with SPF Classic, and is
remedied by Unified.  I would like to take this opportunity
to expand on some ideas for the working group's
consideration.

| It's certainly been explained many times, on-list, by many people.  I
| see strong confirmation that HELO scope would be useful, and an
| appropriate change to make.  I see little reasoned opposition to a A
| HELO scope.

I now agree that checking HELO can be very useful, as it
satisfies the ESP->ISP whitelisting requirement nicely, and
also has the benefit of making life easier for forwarders
who would then be able to skip SRS.

The ESP->ISP whitelisting requirement can be satisfied by
way of a private arrangement between the parties involved,
so strictly speaking we do not need to standardize that
convention.

But if we want to remove the SRS requirement for forwarders
without weakening protection for the other identities, we
would have to require either one of two things:

1) that we make HELO checking mandatory for receivers, and
   that receivers be easily capable of whitelisting
   forwarding systems by that identity, or

2) that we make SUBMITTER mandatory for forwarding senders
   and receivers.

Of course, we would also specify that a positive result
(where auth+policy both pass) would override failures
elsewhere in the system.

Note that the trusted-forwarder.org checking in most SPF
Classic implementations essentially sneaks the first benefit
into the system, by way of a PTR identity.  That first rule
changes that to a HELO identity, but provides the same
benefit.

If consensus does not oppose HELO checking, then a
"unification" draft could require that receivers always
check the HELO identity (setting aside questions of protocol
and syntax).  Also mandatory would be the return path,
SUBMITTER (when checking before DATA), and PRA (when
checking after DATA) identities.  This choice of identities
is justified by the following argument:

 Making HELO-checking mandatory should satisfy folks who want
 to get their MTAs whitelisted easily.  This includes ESPs
 and forwarders.

 Checking the return path would satisfy folks who want to
 limit unauthorized use of their domain names in the return
 path.

 Checking the SUBMITTER and PRA identities would satisfy
 folks who think validating those addresses will help with
 phishing.

If folks agree, it might be useful to standardize that set
of identities in the "must check" list.

The essential difference between the HELO identity and an IP
address is that it's easier for a receiver to whitelist
*.mta.example.com and not worry about IPs.  This is one big
driver in the ESP->ISP whitelisting relationship.

The essential difference between the HELO identity and the
PTR, both of which are (nominally) hostnames, is that it's
easier for senders in some parts of the world to set up
forward-lookup (domain -> SPF/TXT/A -> ip) mappings than
reverse-lookup (ip -> PTR -> domain) mappings due to PTR
delegation brokenness.  Also we have been asked by the DNS
people to refrain from putting additional load on the PTR
system if possible.

| Some reasons the market may go with the HELO scope instead of the others
| (assuming this leave-it-to-the-market proposal flies) are that it has
| the advantages of not using restricted IPR, doesn't break
| forwarding/mail-list/backup mx operations, and doesn't require end-user
| action to implement.

Agreed, many of the CSV proponents have made these arguments
also.

| Also, the way that Accredidation and Reputation services are to be used
| is essential.  It belongs in a BCP, which should specify BFP (Best
| Future Practice) for how various tests should be interpreted and acted
| upon.  SPF claims to address the spam problem (according to text that
| was on the spf.pobox.com home page) so the Accredidation and Reputation
| services that are a necessary component to this solution must be
| specified.  An incomplete spec that lacks these things has no business
| aspiring to be an Internet Standard.  How can a spec that is grossly
| incomplete be properly reviewed by us or the IESG?  It can't!
| E.g. John Leslie is quite confused about how A&R might work, or I am, as 
| mentioned above.

Yes, a Unified proposal would need to discuss at least
reputation, at least in terms of local policy.  A spec for
Accreditation would also be useful.

As we are getting off topic for MARID, which is focused on
Sender ID at the moment, I suggest we discuss Unified
further in another forum, and report back with our findings
at a more appropriate time.



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Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com> writes:

> 1) that we make HELO checking mandatory for receivers, and
>    that receivers be easily capable of whitelisting
>    forwarding systems by that identity, or

Yes.
 
> 2) that we make SUBMITTER mandatory for forwarding senders
>    and receivers.

This cannot work since not all receivers can do SUBMITTER since matching
SUBMITTER to the message is patent-encumbered and the license... you know.
 
Other than that point, I agree and I like.

-- 
Daniel Quinlan
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: Work plan for Sender ID
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> Sundwall would not say whether the IETF's censure would hinder the 
> company's
> quest to get its Caller ID proposal accepted as a de facto Internet 
> standard.
> But he did note that many participants stayed out of the vote on 
> Microsoft's
> involvement.
>
> "If you look at the number of contributors that (voted), it is very 
> small," he
> said."
>
> Full article at http://news.com.com/2100-1032-5364075.html
>

Additionally, InfoWorld today has an article with quotes from an email 
statement from Microsoft made on the issues -  a search for the quotes 
turned up nothing, so I surmise that it was an email likely sent 
directly to the reporter, or forwarded to the reporter from an original 
recipient.  I assume these are of interest to the group at this point 
because the information contained herein may have bearing on in what 
direction people want to go from here - please let me know if that is 
not the case:

"In an e-mail statement, Microsoft said that MARID's decision "does not 
mean Sender ID has been rejected," but that changes proposed by MARID 
will make the standard more flexible. Microsoft is "excited to continue 
our collaboration with industry stakeholders to help move this 
important authentication protocol forward" and sees a future in which 
"complementary technologies" will be used with Sender ID to fight spam.
...

In its statement, Microsoft said that the Sender ID framework has 
essentially been accepted, and that MARID's decision only means there 
will be "an alternative spoof checking mechanism to the proposed PRA 
check."

"While we would have preferred a single technical mechanism as the 
standard, we believe this proposal to allow multiple scopes in the 
protocol is a reasonable approach to provide additional choice and 
flexibility," Microsoft said in the statement."

---

Particularly taken with the quote from News.com, I read this as an 
indication that they plan to move forward on their own with Sender I.D. 
regardless of what recommendations or other standards may come from 
this group.  What their end goal is, and how this fits with the current 
recommendations here, I wouldn't hazard to say, and leave as an 
exercise to the reader.

Full article at:

http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/09/14/HNietfmsblow_1.html



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Meng Weng Wong wrote:

> On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 08:17:51PM -0500, wayne wrote:
>>
>> "Records that begin with v=spf1 MUST be interpreted as
>> spf2.0/mailfrom,helo"

I am in favor of this.

> I agree with the sentiment behind this suggestion.  It might
> even be more useful if v=spf1 records were defined to mean
>
>  spf2.0/pra,mailfrom,helo,pra

Could you clarify this, please? I mean, currently, pra is not part of 
v=spf1, right? I could see v=spf1 to mean this, though:

spf2.0/mailfrom,submitter,helo

I am not really sure, though, whether "helo" should be mentioned as a 
separate entity. It feels to me that "helo" is an implicit part of the 
mailfrom check (namely in the case of MAIL FROM: <>).

> and if a sender is uncomfortable with those semantics then
> they should publish proper spf2.0 records that override the
> v1 entries.

As soon as this workgroup decides on its syntax, I will publish such new 
records. :)

Well, having said that, in reality I will probably wind up publishing both 
types of records, so as not to break downward compatibility.

- Mark



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On 9/14/2004 4:53 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:

>On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 14:14, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>  
>
>>This is a belated-due-to-to-travel follow-up to replies to this post:
>>http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg03596.html
>>(Summary: Sender ID fails to be a solution that only requires sysadmin
>>action; it mandates end-user reconfiguration on a massive scale, because
>>it doesn't say that HELO checking should/must be done... The Microsoft
>>IPR are too encumbered...)
>>
>>    
>>
>
>The obvious reaction to [John's] technique would be to spoof IP addresses of
>known good MX servers in these records.  
>
Yes, the technique won't work.  For folks unfamiliar with RHSBLs:
http://www.rfc-ignorant.org/how_to_domain.php has usage info for their 
RHSBLs.
Ditto http://www.securitysage.com/antispam/rhsbl.html;
http://www.scconsult.com/bill/dnsblhelp.html#3-8

> <>As I said before, the mailbox
> domain within SPF and Sender-ID is worthless for reputation checks.

<moved, also by Doug:><>
<>

> <>I find it difficult to believe people will allow themselves to be harmed
> by reputation services that hold them accountable for any MTA authorized
> to send their mail.

<ditto>

>Let me clarify.  Neither Sender-ID nor SPF will support RHSBLs.
>
Doug, did you get my email - of a possible broad, strong example showing 
it falling down.
If foo.dom's SPF/SenderID record lists just MX, and doesn't send spam, 
how/why would a reputation service blacklist foo.dom?
e.g .
foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all"

>  
>
>>=-=-=-=-=
>>On 8/25/2004 4:32 AM, Carl Hutzler sent forth electrons to convey:
>>
>>    
>>
>>><Matthew Elvey said:>
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>>>Phrased differently:
>>>>....<why HELO>
>>>>        
>>>>
>>>This is a VERY interesting approach. [...]
>>>
>>>This sounds really cool. But I am an engineer and must always ask, what is
>>>wrong with this and why has it not been thought of before?
>>>      
>>>
>
>It has been considered and there is language within CSV that
>accommodates this approach. : )
>  
>
Right, it's not new.  It just doesn't have Marketing Might behind it. 
Of course now it has an encouraging nod from AOL...unofficially, of 
course :)

>  
>
>>>Lets see, forwarding cases....might work here with some PRA/Submitter type
>>>changes. Not a huge problem.
>>>      
>>>
>>Forwarding case would work GREAT - no PRA/SUBMITTER needed.  Yes, 'The 
>>MTA would HELO the domain they are about to send for.'  This domain 
>>wouldn't have to match the MAIL FROM or PRA or SUBMITTER.  It would 
>>simply need to be a domain that had an appropriate reputation for the 
>>content.   E.g. if we assume AOL is responsible about ensuring very 
>>little spam is sent using the servers it authorizes to do HELO aol.com, 
>>and sends all email through these servers, then there is no forwarding 
>>to worry about. Helo aol.dom would trigger a reputation check on aol.dom 
>>as used in HELO, the reputation would be excellent, and no further checks 
>>would be necessary - the From: domain or PRA could be elvey.dom or 
>>DomainWithNoSPFrecord.dom.
>>Here's a sophisticated possible scenario that provides more flexibility: 
>>AOL might do HELO goodAolPayingCustomer.dom, if the mail is from one, 
>>and the customer hasn't recently sent a ton of email.  It might use HELO 
>>aolSuspectCustomer.dom where appropriate, before cutting the customer 
>>off completely.  AOL wouldn't have to pay to give 
>>goodAolPayingCustomer.dom a good reputation; it would deserve it.  AOL 
>>wouldn't have to cut off customers as often - it could limit use in a 
>>less draconian way.  Helo aolTrialUser.dom and HELO AOLFreeEmailUser.dom 
>>would make sense, provided AOL provided and used dedicated IPs for such 
>>mail and created the appropriate DNS records.
>>Just to clarify: the above is a sophisticated, enhanced solution that 
>>HELO-based reputations make *possible*.  It will be perfectly OK for an 
>>MTA (or all of a domain's MTAs) to have one domain that goes in all 
>>HELO/EHLO commands sent, and this is likely to be the usual case, and 
>>will work well.
>>    
>>
Carl- I'm curious as to whether you think AOL would take advantage of 
this flexibility if it was available.
Is this planned use of HELO roughly what you thought it was? 

>     <snip>

>>>I don't care whether a mail server is who he says he is, I care
>>>whether he's authorized to send the message he's trying to send.
>>>      
>>>
>
>May I add that the marid-mpr draft can safely answer this question
>within a single DNS query and not require the potentially hundreds
>needed by Sender-ID or SPF.
>  
>
Cool, though to be fair: what's the upper limit on the number of DNS 
queries marid-mpr might require, assuming a malicious sender attempting 
a DoS?

>  
>
> <snip>
>
>>Andrew Newton wrote:
>> > On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:06 PM, David Woodhouse wrote:
>> >> A HELO scope would be useful.
>> > That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.
>>
>>No, not even close.  -protocol with CSV, and -protocol with a HELO scope
>>would be EXTREMELY different, can't believe you don't see this, Andy!
>>    
>>
>
>Please consider the need for two steps in this process.  One,
>authenticate and validate the authorization of the MTA EHLO name.  Two,
>obtain a list of authorized EHLO names referenced by the mailbox domain
>being examined.  This list can be either nominal or comprehensive
>without the nominal case inviting spoofing.  In which case, CSV remains
>"as-is".  MPR records are much simpler and easier to maintain and obtain
>than scripts for SPF or Sender-ID.   
>  
>
Confusing paragraph, that.

>I would suggest avoiding sequential TXT scripts needed with either SPF
>or Sender-ID as being unworkable.  CSV used in combination with MPR and
>BATV provides all the features claimed by either SPF, SRS or Sender-ID
>without disrupting email to the same extent.
>
>There is another issue with either SPF or Sender-ID records.  CSV and
>MPR are named based solutions that work within the natural scale of DNS
>and only require single non-sequential lookups.  SPF or Sender-ID
>require either extensive iterative references to record names to obtain
>addresses, or the repeating of IP addresses in a script form.  The
>maintenance of such a list will be high, or the relative overhead to use
>such a list will be high or both.
>  
>
Very efficient.

>...
>  
>
>>In addition to/as part of the security review of SenderID:
>> I think it's necessary that a number of MAYs and SHOULD [NOT]s turn
>> into SHOULD [NOT]s and MUST [NOT]s.  There is far too much waffling -
>> MUST [NOTs] MUST be used whereever there isn't a compelling reason not
>> to.  IETF standards demand it.
>>    
>>
Folks agree/disagree with that?  (Applies only to SPF and SenderID.)

>>Also, the way that Accredidation and Reputation services are to be used
>>is essential.  It belongs in a BCP, which should specify BFP (Best
>>Future Practice) for how various tests should be interpreted and acted
>>upon.  SPF claims to address the spam problem (according to text that
>>was on the spf.pobox.com home page) so the Accredidation and Reputation
>>services that are a necessary component to this solution must be
>>specified.  An incomplete spec that lacks these things has no business
>>aspiring to be an Internet Standard.  How can a spec that is grossly
>>incomplete be properly reviewed by us or the IESG?  It can't!
>>
Folks agree/disagree that MARID specs should cover how they will work 
with A&R services? 
(IMO blacklists and whitelists ARE A&R services.)  The result codes 
from, e.g. sorbs - http://www.dnsbl.us.sorbs.net/using.shtml are more 
than a binary result - some BLs provide bitmapped result codes.
Doug: What do you think?

>
>You will find that the marid-mpr draft does allow the protection of the
>>From and the MAIL FROM and is a good alternative to the PRA approach.
>
Indeed. I have.  It's hell slogging through the acronyms though - MCAL, 
MCNL, etc.  I'll have to read it again in order to be clear on what goes 
where - A vs PTR vs APL... 
Just read BATV - glad to see it!  Perhaps it could pursue a standards 
track - the 'Public Tagging' component means interoperability is 
important so it should pursue standardization.



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On 9/13/2004 8:46 PM, wayne sent forth electrons to convey:

>I think continuing with the PRA is a very poor use of this working
>group's time.
>
I agree with the majority.  If a small minority (the Chairs) wish to 
continue to claim that is not what the WG is doing, I won't try to stop 
them. But the WG is not interested in PRA, for reasons well expressed 
by, e.g. William Leibzon in this thread.  And that's what DOES matter, 
because this is the IETF, and that's how things work here.  It would be 
nice if the several clear requests of the Chairs to eliminate 
IPR-encumbered solutions from the running not be given short shrift, but 
then elimination of the encumberances would be nice too.  Instead, 
document authors need to produce new drafts intended to meet the 
chartered work items, and a consensus call on them is needed*.  
Marid-mpr is such an item.   They will find rough consensus if they are 
well written and well defended, because, again, this is the IETF.   If 
you try to ram junk through, you induce posts like this.

*Contrast this sentence with the fait-accompli tone of "The document 
authors have agreed to producing new drafts intended to meet the 
chartered work item, and a consensus call on them or the appropriate 
diffs will be forthcoming."  I had written "*new* document authors ..." 
but Meng just posted again about HELO, so there's hope...

=-=-=-=-=

More media coverage of MARID - FYI:
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/09/13/ietf_bounces_sender_id/

BTW, if anyone is following nanae or nanabl and has noticed interesting 
threads discussing our work here, I'd be interested in links.  Some of 
the battle-hardened know rather well what tricks spammers [might] use.
Kinda answered my own question - found some months old posts:
I found support from Bill Cole: (who posts here too, seems to be letting 
folks there know of milestones reached - thanks.)
http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&safe=off&threadm=bill-55E121.16123407082004%40fireproof.scconsult.com&rnum=3&prev=/groups%3Fnum%3D20%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26safe%3Doff%26scoring%3Dd%26q%3Dmarid%2Babuse%26btnG%3DSearch
Anton Squeegee: <sic>
http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&safe=off&threadm=bill-55E121.16123407082004%40fireproof.scconsult.com&rnum=3&prev=/groups%3Fnum%3D20%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26safe%3Doff%26scoring%3Dd%26q%3Dmarid%2Babuse%26btnG%3DSearch
Vernon Schryver: tough criticism, but answerable with something that's 
easy enough to implement that it can become mandatory in a reasonable 
time period:
http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&safe=off&threadm=bill-6C26C6.21474829072004%40fireproof.scconsult.com&rnum=4&prev=/groups%3Fnum%3D20%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26safe%3Doff%26scoring%3Dd%26q%3Dmarid%2Babuse%26btnG%3DSearch



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Today Microsoft filed the following disclosure statement with the IETF =
Secretariat regarding IPR claimed in relation to Sender ID.  This =
statement does not mean that patents have been granted in any of the =
jurisdictions mentioned below, only that the patent applications =
themselves are due to be published shortly. =20

________________________________

Subject: Microsoft's Updated Statement about IPR Claimed in =
<draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt> and <draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt> in =
Combination

Microsoft is aware of the existence of US, EP; JP; CN; KR; and IN patent =
applications that are likely to include claims that would necessarily be =
infringed when implementing the combination of the specifications =
entitled "Purported Responsible Address in E-mail Messages", file name =
draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt, and located at the following link on August =
23, 2004, url: =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt and the =
specification entitled  "Sender ID:  Authenticating E-mail", file name: =
draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt, url: =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt.  The =
patent applications are expected to be published by the respective =
patent offices on or around September 13, 2004. The relevant patent =
application information is:=20

=20

US - Title: "Reducing Unwanted And Unsolicited Electronic Messages By =
Preventing Connection Hijacking And Domain Spoofing", Serial no. =
10/684020

=20

EP - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited =
Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 04005644.2

=20

JP - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited =
Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 2004-71769

=20

CN - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited =
Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 200410028682.3

=20

KR - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited =
Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 10-2004-16409

=20

IN - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited =
Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 298/DEL/2004

=20

=20

A patent license with reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and =
conditions, with no fees or royalties is available at =
http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/standards/ or another public site =
that Microsoft may subsequently use to post the license.

=20


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<DIV dir=3Dltr><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Today =
Microsoft filed the =0A=
following disclosure statement with the IETF Secretariat regarding IPR =
claimed =0A=
in relation to Sender ID.&nbsp; This statement does not mean that =
patents have =0A=
been granted in any of the jurisdictions mentioned below, only that the =
patent =0A=
applications themselves are due to be published =0A=
shortly.&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></DIV></DIV>=0A=
<DIV dir=3Dltr><BR>=0A=
<HR tabIndex=3D-1>=0A=
<FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2><B>Subject:</B> Microsoft's Updated =
Statement about IPR =0A=
Claimed in &lt;draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt&gt; and =0A=
&lt;draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt&gt; in Combination<BR></FONT><BR><FONT =0A=
face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Arial">Microsoft is =0A=
aware of the existence of US, EP; JP; CN; KR; and IN patent applications =
that =0A=
are likely to include claims that would necessarily be infringed when =0A=
implementing the combination of the specifications entitled =
&#8220;Purported =0A=
Responsible Address in E-mail Messages", file name =
draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt, =0A=
and located at the following link on August 23, 2004, url: <A =0A=
title=3Dhttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt =0A=
href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt">=
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt</A> =0A=
and the specification entitled &nbsp;"Sender ID:&nbsp; Authenticating =
E-mail", =0A=
file name: draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt, url: <A =0A=
title=3Dhttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt =0A=
href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt"=
>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt</A>.&nb=
sp; =0A=
The patent applications are expected to be published by the respective =
patent =0A=
offices on or around September 13, 2004. The relevant patent application =0A=
information is: </SPAN></FONT></DIV>=0A=
<DIV>=0A=
<DIV class=3DSection1>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">US &#8211; Title: =
&#8220;Reducing Unwanted And =0A=
Unsolicited Electronic Messages By Preventing Connection Hijacking And =
Domain =0A=
Spoofing&#8221;, Serial no. 10/684020</SPAN></FONT></P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">EP &#8211; Title: =
&#8220;Coordinated Reduction =0A=
of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages&#8221;, Serial no. =0A=
04005644.2</SPAN></FONT></P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">JP &#8211; Title: =
&#8220;Coordinated Reduction =0A=
of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages&#8221;, Serial no. =0A=
2004-71769</SPAN></FONT></P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CN &#8211; Title: =
&#8220;Coordinated Reduction =0A=
of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages&#8221;, Serial no. =0A=
200410028682.3</SPAN></FONT></P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">KR &#8211; Title: =
&#8220;Coordinated Reduction =0A=
of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages&#8221;, Serial no. =0A=
10-2004-16409</SPAN></FONT></P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">IN &#8211; Title: =
&#8220;Coordinated Reduction =0A=
of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages&#8221;, Serial no. =0A=
298/DEL/2004</SPAN></FONT></P>=0A=
<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
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<P class=3DMsoNormal><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =0A=
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">A patent license with =
reasonable and =0A=
non-discriminatory terms and conditions, with no fees or royalties is =
available =0A=
at <A =0A=
href=3D"http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/standards/">http://www.microso=
ft.com/mscorp/ip/standards/</A> =0A=
or another public site that Microsoft may subsequently use to post the =0A=
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Subject: Re: [Fwd: HELO, IPR, A&R means new draft?; scope; Microsoft -
  (Re: DEPLOY - IP, HELO & touch count. )]
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I was unsubscribed, but someone cc'ed me, so let me make one final post to this mess.  I wasn't going to bother, because co-chairs already made their decision, but since someone mentioned AccuSpam in this post, I might as well explain how you all misunderstood my point.


>Also, Accuspam implicitly asked an interesting question - why specify
>what the list of servers may be used for?  Here's an answer: It's
>generally much easier to specify a list of servers that will
>legitimately use a domain (e.g. elvey.com) in HELO than it is to specify
>a list of servers that will use that domain in PRA or  2821.MAIL FROM! 
>Hence some folks will only want to specify the former. Some folks may
>want to specify a smaller set of servers for one versus another.
>Accuspam said : "Publishing the approved mail servers is something
>everybody can agree to do I think?" but this is more complicated than it
>seems at first glance, because the set of approved servers for a given
>domain is different depending on what its approved for.


Apparently no one got my point during the concensus call.

Scopes in MARID is useless complication.  People in this discussion list are using arguments about the FAIL case to argue that scopes are needed.  The non-PASS cases will FOR A LONG TIME (as in probably our whole lifetimes) be mired in issues about incomplete adoption, and alternative spoofing identities.

The logic:

1) None of the possible MARID scopes can provide hard FAIL without unacceptable false positives:

	a) Incomplete adoption of forwarding solution means honoring hard FAIL generates false positives.  Even with 80% adoption, you still have 20% risk of false positives.

	b) Humans are not perfect and can not always be expected to always send from approved mail servers.  Thus false positives.  This scales really poorly the more humans are sharing a domain (e.g. ISPs, businesses, etc).

	c) Generally in life anything that requires more than 20% of participants to make some change before any benefit (e.g. use of FAIL) can be obtained will not gain momentum in marketplace.  FAIL has to provide benefit for early adopters in order to snowball.  It is a chicken and egg, and 80% chicken or 80% egg won't help.  100% anything is impossible.

2) All of the possible MARID scopes can forge alternate important identities:

	a) PRA can forge From: and MAILFROM: etc.

	b) SPF can forge any header

3) Thus MARID scopes are entirely useless for deleting e-mail.  MARID does not detect forgery.  You can try to measure probabilities on non-PASS cases for domains to build reputation services, but you will get very noisy data because the identities are not well correlated to forgery or spam because of #1 and #2 above.  Spammers can do many "tricks" (some alluded to above) to make sure that anything but a PASS case is too noisy to prevent false positives or false negatives.

4) Only the PASS case of MARID scopes is a useful datum.  The PASS case tells you that the e-mail is not a forgery (except for intra-domain forgery, e.g. a spammer who uses an Earthlink.net account to spam all Earthlink.net users).  The non-PASS cases tells you an e-mail might be forgery, but with no certain probability.  The users of the result (anti-spam) have to build algorithms which correctly do not generate false positives (because recipients do not accept anti-spam with many false positives).  In fact, AccuSpam already has developed a proprietary anti-spam algorithm (we will soon release it) which ignores all but the PASS cases of the various MARID identities.

5) Thus declaring scopes is useless.  A unified DNS record can be used to test against all identities for the PASS case.

6) Declaring scopes will just result in a war between syntaxes and fragmentation and loss of unencumbered adoption.

Any way, you all do what you want.  It seems the co-chairs are determined to push a "pra" scope in a separate DNS record ("rough concensus" is an oxymoron), so that eventually we will end up with major corporations only publishing "pra" records and eventually Microsoft adding new syntaxes to that record (defacto standards via monopoly control) and eventually any hope of a unified record or unencumbered identities will die.

Sigh.

(And the above logic has nothing to do with what is in your silly archives of endless circular discussion).

Now please do not CC me.  I do not care what you do.

More power to Microsoft!  I have no problem using "pra" records in an unencumbered AccuSpam algorithm.  I tried to help encourage a unified record because FAIL is not important, only PASS is, but it really doesn't matter that much to me.

-Shelby Moore
http://AccuSpam.com



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On 9/14/2004 7:41 PM, Meng Weng Wong sent forth electrons to convey:

>On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 02:14:45PM -0700, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>|...
>| http://www.emailaddresses.com/forum/showthread.php?threadid=22341&highlight=spf
>
>The unhappiness there seems to be with SPF Classic, and is
>remedied by Unified.  I would like to take this opportunity
>to expand on some ideas for the working group's
>consideration.
>
>| It's certainly been explained many times, on-list, by many people.  I
>| see strong confirmation that HELO scope would be useful, and an
>| appropriate change to make.  I see little reasoned opposition to a A
>| HELO scope.
>
>I now agree that checking HELO can be very useful, as it
>satisfies the ESP->ISP whitelisting requirement nicely, and
>also has the benefit of making life easier for forwarders
>who would then be able to skip SRS.
>  
>
I don't understand why you always talk about HELO checks only in 
combination with whitelisting.
Any domain relevant for a MARID record check is a good candidate for 
checking whitelists and blacklists (A&R services)...
Certainly, it's particularly urgent that forwarders get whitelisted if 
an SPF check on MAIL FROM will otherwise be done because it will fail.
But it makes sense, IMO, for any domain used in HELO that has a good 
reputation (and is authorized for use by the MTA, of course) to result 
in a 'pass'.

BTW, is there a definition of ESP?  As I understand it, fastmail.fm and 
hotmail.com, for example, aren't what you'd call ESPs.  (I'm not sure 
what I would call them.) Is ESP a euphamism for Bulk Mailer?  (E.g. that 
sends anything from bank statements, and bank marketing spam, to 
mainsleaze)  I'd say it's http://www.espcoalition.org/members.php and 
competitors.

>The ESP->ISP whitelisting requirement can be satisfied by
>way of a private arrangement between the parties involved,
>so strictly speaking we do not need to standardize that
>convention.
>
>But if we want to remove the SRS requirement for forwarders
>without weakening protection for the other identities, we
>would have to require either one of two things:
>
>1) that we make HELO checking mandatory for receivers, and
>   that receivers be easily capable of whitelisting
>   forwarding systems by that identity, or
>
>  
>
I don't see the necessity of the second half of that sentence.  You 
assume receivers will insource whitelist maintenance, and I see no 
reason for making that assumption. I'd say "1) that we make HELO 
checking mandatory for receivers, and easy for A&R service checks to be 
made on the authorized domain."

>2) that we make SUBMITTER mandatory for forwarding senders
>   and receivers.
>
>Of course, we would also specify that a positive result
>(where auth+policy both pass) would override failures
>elsewhere in the system.
>
>Note that the trusted-forwarder.org checking in most SPF
>Classic implementations essentially sneaks the first benefit
>into the system, by way of a PTR identity. 
>
That's good, but the full A&R stuff should be in there too.

> That first rule
>changes that to a HELO identity, but provides the same
>benefit.
>
>If consensus does not oppose HELO checking, then a
>"unification" draft could require that receivers always
>  
>
IIRC, a unification draft was started. Right?
Should this new unification draft be called SPF3? SenderID2? USPF?  What 
would you prefer it be called?

>check the HELO identity (setting aside questions of protocol
>and syntax).  
>

>Also mandatory would be the return path,
>  
>
Mandatory?  My reading of the Unified stuff (e.g. the .ppt slideshow) 
was that if HELO resulted in a pass (i.e. a whitelist or strong A&R 
check) then no further checks would be made.
Also what's mandatory? a DNS record supporting it?  It always being 
tested and passing?

>SUBMITTER (when checking before DATA), and PRA (when
>checking after DATA) identities.  This choice of identities
>is justified by the following argument:
>
> Making HELO-checking mandatory should satisfy folks who want
> to get their MTAs whitelisted easily.  This includes ESPs
> and forwarders.
>
> Checking the return path would satisfy folks who want to
> limit unauthorized use of their domain names in the return
> path.
>  
>
Checking this would make sense if previous tests hadn't resulted in a 
pass and/or the retrn path was going to be used - a bounce was going to 
be induced/sent to it.

> Checking the SUBMITTER and PRA identities would satisfy
> folks who think validating those addresses will help with
> phishing.
>  
>
You've gotta drop PRA.   You'll never get a majority, let alone rough 
consensus, for something 'till you do; someone else's draft will proceed.

>If folks agree, it might be useful to standardize that set
>of identities in the "must check" list.
>
>The essential difference between the HELO identity and an IP
>address is that it's easier for a receiver to whitelist
>*.mta.example.com and not worry about IPs.  This is one big
>driver in the ESP->ISP whitelisting relationship.
>  
>
It's also easier to blacklist a domain than an IP!

>The essential difference between the HELO identity and the
>PTR, both of which are (nominally) hostnames, is that it's
>easier for senders in some parts of the world to set up
>forward-lookup (domain -> SPF/TXT/A -> ip) mappings than
>reverse-lookup (ip -> PTR -> domain) mappings due to PTR
>delegation brokenness.  Also we have been asked by the DNS
>people to refrain from putting additional load on the PTR
>system if possible.
>  
>
Oh, I missed that request.  A pointer and/or quote would be appreciated 
if it wasn't made on this list.

>| Some reasons the market may go with the HELO scope instead of the others
>| (assuming this leave-it-to-the-market proposal flies) are that it has
>| the advantages of not using restricted IPR, doesn't break
>| forwarding/mail-list/backup mx operations, and doesn't require end-user
>| action to implement.
>
>Agreed, many of the CSV proponents have made these arguments
>also.
>  
>
Yup -  I was surprised HELO wasn't in SenderID; I had expected it to be 
more, not less prominent than it was in SFP.

>| Also, the way that Accredidation and Reputation services are to be used
>| is essential.  It belongs in a BCP, which should specify BFP (Best
>| Future Practice) for how various tests should be interpreted and acted
>| upon.  SPF claims to address the spam problem (according to text that
>| was on the spf.pobox.com home page) so the Accredidation and Reputation
>| services that are a necessary component to this solution must be
>| specified.  An incomplete spec that lacks these things has no business
>| aspiring to be an Internet Standard.  How can a spec that is grossly
>| incomplete be properly reviewed by us or the IESG?  It can't!
>| E.g. John Leslie is quite confused about how A&R might work, or I am, as 
>| mentioned above.
>
>Yes, a Unified proposal would need to discuss at least
>reputation, at least in terms of local policy.  A spec for
>Accreditation would also be useful.
>
>As we are getting off topic for MARID, which is focused on
>Sender ID at the moment, I suggest we discuss Unified
>further in another forum, and report back with our findings
>at a more appropriate time.
>
>  
>
IMO, this is the right place/time to discuss HELO and Unified.  
CSV/MPR and Unified are the leading contenders now.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 04:25:00 2004
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Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of
	23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 20:35 -0500, wayne wrote:
> [top quoting fixed, extra words deleted, and the Reference: header
> restored.  All due to brain-dead mail software.]

Thanks for fixing that; it's amazing how poorly people will behave in
public fora. Personally, I configure my mailing lists to reject any mail
with 'Re:' in the Subject: header but neither References: nor
In-Reply-To: headers. Philip, you really ought to invest in some
non-broken mail software if you want to use it in public.

> "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com> writes:
> > David Woodhouse [mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org] wrote:
> >> I strongly disagree with this opinion. I believe that it does not make
> >> sense to have multiple scopes, and certainly not to plan to add even
> >> more scopes later. I shall explain my reasoning:
> >
> > I agree with Andy.
> 
> No, apparently you agree with David Woodhouse.  It is easy to get
> confused when you don't use proper quoting.
> 
> > I thought we should have done this all along.
> 
> Yes, I know.  This was discussed long ago.  The rough consensus was
> against your opinion.  I thought that while there should be multiple
> scopes, we could have one record that covered them all.  The rough
> consensus was against my opinion.
> 
> Now, can we *PLEASE* stop re-raising old issues everything someone new
> comes into this working group?

Maybe I have indeed missed the discussion on this precise topic, but I
suspect you might both have missed my point -- and in either case I
apologise. Philip might be used to upside-down email and have thought
that my first paragraph was in fact my conclusion, but I didn't expect
that of you so it's probably my fault for not being concise enough in
the first place.

I was not saying that we should ditch either pra or mail-from scope and
continue with only one or the two, which I know is an opinion which has
been voiced before. 

I was saying that we should ditch _both_ pra and mail-from scopes and
continue with something more appropriate.

The point was that the mail-from and pra scopes are _both_ only useful
for determining a trust level for a given mail server, by determining
whom it belongs to. The 'domain' we use becomes nothing more than an
arbitrary 'trust handle' which isn't even seen by most users anyway, as
it's hidden in the Return-Path: or Resent-From:^WForwarded-For: headers.

The mailfrom/pra scopes are not useful as end-to-end validation that a
given mail really did come from the person from whom it claims to come.
A mailfrom/pra 'PASS' is neither necessary nor sufficient to make that
judgement reliably. There are both false positives and false negatives
if one were to inadvisedly use it for such a purpose.

Yet the very nature of the scopes makes it easy for the naÃ¯ve user or
admin to believe that they can be used that way. Therefore, it is
actually counterproductive -- because it encourages a mistaken belief
that this provides real end-to-end authentication when it cannot. 

My suggestion is that we should go forward with an entirely _different_
scope, not just unify on either mail-from or whatever the unencumbered
pra replacement would be.

There are many possibilities which would offer us some 'handle' on the
owner of the mail server in question, without all the problems which
both mail-from and pra scopes suffer.

-- 
dwmw2




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Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 01:26:54 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: HELO, IPR,
      A&R means new draft?; scope; Microsoft - (Re:	DEPLOY- IP,
      HELO & touch count. )
From: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "Matthew Elvey" <matthew@elvey.com>
Cc: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>, "IETF-MXCOMP" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>,
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"Matthew Elvey" <matthew@elvey.com> wrote:
> On 9/14/2004 4:53 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:
>> On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 14:14, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>>>=-=-=-=-=
>>>On 8/25/2004 4:32 AM, Carl Hutzler sent forth electrons to convey:
>>>> <Matthew Elvey said:>
>>>>
>>>>> Phrased differently:
>>>>> ....<why HELO>
>>>>>
>>>> This is a VERY interesting approach. [...]
>>>>
>>>> This sounds really cool. But I am an engineer and must always ask, what
>>>> is wrong with this and why has it not been thought of before?
>>
>> It has been considered and there is language within CSV that
>> accommodates this approach. : )
>>
> Right, it's not new.  It just doesn't have Marketing Might behind it.
> Of course now it has an encouraging nod from AOL...unofficially, of
> course :)
>
>>>> Lets see, forwarding cases....might work here with some PRA/Submitter
>>>> type changes. Not a huge problem.

With the marid-mpr draft, there is no need to assert the list as
comprehensive (closed) as it is not used to identify the MTA in any
manner.  As such, the typical implementation could treat this list as
nominal to "color" the mail at the MUA and not force rejection of possible
spoofing.  There would be no forwarding issues in that case.

> <snip>
>
>>>> I don't care whether a mail server is who he says he is, I care
>>>> whether he's authorized to send the message he's trying to send.
>>
>> May I add that the marid-mpr draft can safely answer this question
>> within a single DNS query and not require the potentially hundreds
>> needed by Sender-ID or SPF.
>
> Cool, though to be fair: what's the upper limit on the number of DNS
> queries marid-mpr might require, assuming a malicious sender attempting
> a DoS?

Unlike the 20 limit recursion in SPF or the 10 script records in Sender-ID
that may then require hundreds of DNS queries to assemble these record
sets, MPR would require one or two queries for a PTR list of EHLO domain
names using the label _mp.smtp.mailbox.dom and a single A record query
using the same _mp.smtp.mailbox.dom label.  (None of this is using reverse
DNS.)  When the MAIL FROM and the From are the same, just a single list
would be needed.  With CSV done first, MPR queries are optional and will
not negatively effect someone's reputation as a result of these MPR check
not being made.  Reputation would always be done using CSV and mail
"coloring" could be done with MPR.

>> <snip>
>>
>>>Andrew Newton wrote:
>>>> On Sep 8, 2004, at 12:06 PM, David Woodhouse wrote:
>>>>> A HELO scope would be useful.
>>>> That is already being covered by the CSV proposals.
>>>
>>> No, not even close.  -protocol with CSV, and -protocol with a HELO scope
>>> would be EXTREMELY different, can't believe you don't see this, Andy!
>>
>> Please consider the need for two steps in this process.  One,
>> authenticate and validate the authorization of the MTA EHLO name.  Two,
>> obtain a list of authorized EHLO names referenced by the mailbox domain
>> being examined.  This list can be either nominal or comprehensive
>> without the nominal case inviting spoofing.  In which case, CSV remains
>> "as-is".  MPR records are much simpler and easier to maintain and obtain
>> than scripts for SPF or Sender-ID.
>
> Confusing paragraph, that.

Currently both Sender-ID and SPF attempt to combine identifying the MTA
and authorizing the sending of the mailbox domain message.  An exploit
these collapsed functions (bogus) authentication with mailbox-domain
authorization create is when the authorization list is "open" (nominal
authorized MTAs, as with ... ?all), this allows others to usurp the
reputation of the mailbox domain by obtaining the bogus authentication.

Closed records could be called "comprehensive" as they encompass the
entire set.  In the case of SPF or Sender-ID, closed records are an effort
to "idiot proof" the mail but then creates problems with forwarding.  With
MPR, these functions are separate and do not allow the exploit.  By
"coloring" the message when outside the nominal mail channel and making
the authenticated EHLO visible, there should be little need to close the
list except for those domains that are typical targets of spoofing.  I
should note that marid-mpr allows for better "idiot proofing."

>> I would suggest avoiding sequential TXT scripts needed with either SPF
>> or Sender-ID as being unworkable.  CSV used in combination with MPR and
>> BATV provides all the features claimed by either SPF, SRS or Sender-ID
>> without disrupting email to the same extent.
>>
>> There is another issue with either SPF or Sender-ID records.  CSV and
>> MPR are named based solutions that work within the natural scale of DNS
>> and only require single non-sequential lookups.  SPF or Sender-ID
>> require either extensive iterative references to record names to obtain
>> addresses, or the repeating of IP addresses in a script form.  The
>> maintenance of such a list will be high, or the relative overhead to use
>> such a list will be high or both.
>
> Very efficient.
>>...
>>
>>> In addition to/as part of the security review of SenderID:
>>> I think it's necessary that a number of MAYs and SHOULD [NOT]s turn
>>> into SHOULD [NOT]s and MUST [NOT]s.  There is far too much waffling -
>>> MUST [NOTs] MUST be used whereever there isn't a compelling reason not
>>> to.  IETF standards demand it.

With respect to SPF or Sender-ID, there are optional modes that everyone
seems to think are foolish to use, but are still in the draft such as
+all.

> Folks agree/disagree with that?  (Applies only to SPF and SenderID.)
>
>>> Also, the way that Accredidation and Reputation services are to be used
>>> is essential.  It belongs in a BCP, which should specify BFP (Best
>>> Future Practice) for how various tests should be interpreted and acted
>>> upon.  SPF claims to address the spam problem (according to text that
>>> was on the spf.pobox.com home page) so the Accredidation and Reputation
>>> services that are a necessary component to this solution must be
>>> specified.  An incomplete spec that lacks these things has no business
>>> aspiring to be an Internet Standard.  How can a spec that is grossly
>>> incomplete be properly reviewed by us or the IESG?  It can't!
>
> Folks agree/disagree that MARID specs should cover how they will work
> with A&R services?
> (IMO blacklists and whitelists ARE A&R services.)  The result codes
> from, e.g. sorbs - http://www.dnsbl.us.sorbs.net/using.shtml are more
> than a binary result - some BLs provide bitmapped result codes.
> Doug: What do you think?

I think there is more to this than describing how things may work, but
also must consider how these services will be effective at correcting
problems.  To move to a name based reputation or blacklisting, the name
must be authenticated first-hand and not make assumptions about the mail
channel integrity.  In my view, this rules out MAIL FROM and any RFC2822
headers to be used for reputation purposes.

I think much more needs to be provided in the reputation results with a
minimum of time in existence and a complaint count that zeros when the
domain administrator acknowledges the events.  There can be flags that
indicate opt-in only policy agreements, black-listed, unusual traffic
change, size of domain, etc.  I think there needs to be a move away from
relative rating schemes.

>> You will find that the marid-mpr draft does allow the protection of the
>> From and the MAIL FROM and is a good alternative to the PRA approach.
>
> Indeed. I have.  It's hell slogging through the acronyms though - MCAL,
> MCNL, etc.  I'll have to read it again in order to be clear on what goes
> where - A vs PTR vs APL...

It is a bit curt, but was intended just to illustrate how it could be
done.  I had more text, but I trimmed some of the narrative.  I think
feedback will help point out areas that need clarification.

> Just read BATV - glad to see it!  Perhaps it could pursue a standards
> track - the 'Public Tagging' component means interoperability is
> important so it should pursue standardization.

Yes, I agree.  Much better than the SRS concept in my view.

-Doug



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Subject: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a flag
	day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Each of the mailfrom and pra scopes make flawed assumptions about
forwarding practice, and it would be necessary for uninterested
forwarding sites to modify their behaviour in accordance with any new
RFC.

Sites would need to modify the SMTP-reverse-path, or add a new header to
conform with mailfrom/pra respectively.

The use of '-all' in any such record makes the assumption that
forwarding sites have _already_ upgraded. This is not realistic -- the
date of publication would in effect be a 'flag day'. 

We should avoid such an occurrence. The first publication must prohibit
("MUST NOT") the use of '-all' in records of either scope until such
time as it is later decided that the Internet as a whole is quorate with
respect to whatever reverse-path/header modification is required for
each.

-- 
dwmw2




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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a flag day.
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From: Graham Murray <graham@webwayone.co.uk>
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 11:42:51 +0100
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David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> writes:

> We should avoid such an occurrence. The first publication must prohibit
> ("MUST NOT") the use of '-all' in records of either scope until such
> time as it is later decided that the Internet as a whole is quorate with
> respect to whatever reverse-path/header modification is required for
> each.

I very strongly disagree. On the contrary, the use of -all should be
encouraged as soon as possible. In the vast majority of cases (the
exceptions being web sites such as greeting cards and 'email this news
item') the forwarding is done by, or on behalf of, the recipient of
the email. That the mail might be forwarded should not be of any
concern to the sending domain which publishes -all MARID DNS
entries. Do not forget that as far as the sender is concerned, the
site doing the forwarding is the intended recipient of the email. So,
it is the recipient's problem and responsibility to accept mail sent
to addresses which are then forwarded to them. 



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In <1095240230.9144.1128.camel@imladris.demon.co.uk> David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> writes:

> We should avoid such an occurrence. The first publication must prohibit
> ("MUST NOT") the use of '-all' in records of either scope until such


No.


I own several domains that do not send email.  Period.  All such email
claiming to be from them are forgeries.  It makes no difference
whether these emails have been forwarded or not, they are forgeries.

Using "-all" is perfectly valid.


Even in cases where a domain does send email, it should be up to the
domain owners to decide whether they think that the problems with
forwarders outweigh the problems with forgeries.


-wayne



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Graham Murray wrote:

> David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> writes:
>
>> We should avoid such an occurrence. The first publication must
>> prohibit ("MUST NOT") the use of '-all' in records of either scope
>> until such time as it is later decided that the Internet as a whole
>> is quorate with respect to whatever reverse-path/header modification
>> is required for each.
>
> I very strongly disagree. On the contrary, the use of -all should be
> encouraged as soon as possible.

I completely, and vehemently, agree with Graham, on both counts: people who 
have taken their time in the transitional phase (~all) should be actively 
encouraged to start using -all; and -all records SHOULD NOT be prohibited; 
not now, not ever.

As I have pointed out earlier, interpreting SPF records is not obeying local 
policy, but REMOTE policy; namely, that of the domain owner. If the domain 
owner feels comfortable enough about his setup to use -all, then we SHOULD 
NOT break things by ignoring that policy; nor encourage people to revert to 
the "I am in the process of making up my mind/setting up my installation" 
stage, which ~all effectively is.

- Mark

        System Administrator Asarian-host.org

---
"If you were supposed to understand it,
we wouldn't call it code." - FedEx



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
	flag day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 05:58 -0500, wayne wrote:
> I own several domains that do not send email.  Period.  All such email
> claiming to be from them are forgeries.  It makes no difference
> whether these emails have been forwarded or not, they are forgeries.
> 
> Using "-all" is perfectly valid.

I agree that using "-all" by itself is valid. Rather, it is the use of
".* -all" which should be prohibited -- other records which permit mail,
_followed_ by '-all'.

> Even in cases where a domain does send email, it should be up to the
> domain owners to decide whether they think that the problems with
> forwarders outweigh the problems with forgeries.

I disagree. We are supposed to be designing protocols for interoperation
between sites; a scheme which actually works in practice. You cannot
allow sites to merely disregard the way the real world works, to the
detriment of others. Or would you also advocate permitting TCP
implementations to do what they like with retries in the case where the
link is congested?

-- 
dwmw2



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
	flag day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 11:42 +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
>  Do not forget that as far as the sender is concerned, the
> site doing the forwarding is the intended recipient of the email. So,
> it is the recipient's problem and responsibility to accept mail sent
> to addresses which are then forwarded to them. 

That may be true, but it is the responsibility of this working group to
propose a solution for this newly-imposed problem, and ensure that any
necessary changes to current practice become widespread -- _before_
starting to rely on assumptions about it.

I am not suggesting that '-all' should be permanently forbidden, merely
that it must be forbidden in the first release of the new specification,
and must remain so until such time as the proposed solutions are
widespread.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:

> The unhappiness there seems to be with SPF Classic, and is
> remedied by Unified.  I would like to take this opportunity
> to expand on some ideas for the working group's consideration.

Instead of commenting directly on particular parts of Meng's post, I'm 
going to forward my post to MARID list way back from March 2004. 

My position has not changed - if we deploy one type of SMTP identity 
verification, we should probably deploy another one along with it and 
they both work better filing each other weeknesses. And still think that 
just one identity being is not enough to override negative from another, I 
believe that at least two identties must give postitive authentication 
results to override a negative (if I were to assign values to spf 
modifiers,it would be "-" = -2, "~" = -1, "?" = 0 and "+" = 1) and I do
not believe that setting up PTR is such a problem as some believe (AOL 
requires all mail servers that connect to theirs have it for example).

Now here goes my old post which is still quite relevent today:
--------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Sun, 28 Mar 2004 20:33:17 -0800 (PST)
From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: IETF MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: Different identities for different problems?

On Sun, 28 Mar 2004, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> The goal of attacking hijacked machines is stated in the introduction of 
> the DRIP proposal.

Bad idea - there is nothing that stops spammer from using domain with no 
dns record and it really does not help situation with zombies. All DRIP 
does is possibly help a little with forgeries seen in the end usually in 
the received header which help with tracking and that is all (but usually 
tracking is done by ip anyway).

What does help is the record in reverse DNS (as in MTAMARK) indicating 
that no emails should be sent from this dial or dsl or corporate net 
and this MUST be done by ISP and not anybody else - they are the ones who 
control the ip block and know what is supposed to be there or not, however 
it needs to be more complex then MTAMARK as handle redirection and 
inclusion of user data properly (i.e. SPF or similar). There are also some 
issues with RFC2317 (which is in my opinion just a bad RFC that instead 
of proposing to do futher reverse subdelegation with NS, tried to get by 
with CNAMEs - bad, that means it will only work for PTR records and not 
anything else that might be in in-addr).

But DRIP and/or RMX can be combined together with MTAMARK helping each 
other out. If ISP is not willing to (or what is more likely that its slow 
to act and) properly whitelist the IP of client machine then DRIP or RMX 
can come in and user can setup his email server to specifically whitelist 
this one ip (and only one or two but singular ips not ip range as not to 
give a hole for spammers to setup domains that whitelist entire world).
Same true going back to RMX where airport kiosks annd forwarding server 
and similar (these are the biggest problems with RMX as far as who will 
suffer), their reverse ip can possily be whitelisted and then this will 
indicate that the mail server at that ip will send emails with RMX not 
matching 821 Mail-From (or 822 Mail-From if people on this list think that 
is better).

My thinking is that all of these DRIP, RMX, MTA-MARK should be done 
together if people are willing to do even just one of them. Each one can 
serve its own purpose and at the same time when records are whitelisted
by two of these and blacklisted by the last one, then the policy should
be to let email through allowing to deal with either possible errors in 
setup or delibebetly when its appropriate in the situation. If people 
think it opens the hole for spammers, I can explain that in reality the 
hole is minor one and when using these holes spammers will expose themselve
quite a bit (for example spammer that wants to whitelist his zombie proxy 
will have to setup domain with RMX and DRIP records for each proxy; this 
will allow to track proxy to specific spammer and also provides record of 
intent for law enforcement).

If people are interested I'll write details on this, but I dont want to 
bother if there is not some initial support for it and if everyone just 
continues to argue and push their favorite proposal focusing on one single 
element (except SPF which at least tries to do things in more combined
way focusing how to best accomodate different client implementations).

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of David Woodhouse
> Sent: Wednesday, September 15, 2004 7:29 AM
> To: Graham Murray
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately
> represents
> aflag day.
>
>
>
> On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 11:42 +0100, Graham Murray wrote:
> >  Do not forget that as far as the sender is concerned, the
> > site doing the forwarding is the intended recipient of the
> email. So,
> > it is the recipient's problem and responsibility to accept mail sent
> > to addresses which are then forwarded to them.
>
> That may be true, but it is the responsibility of this
> working group to
> propose a solution for this newly-imposed problem, and ensure that any
> necessary changes to current practice become widespread -- _before_
> starting to rely on assumptions about it.

There *is* a solution.  If your domain does forwarding through SMTP servers that do not yet have the
mechanism(s) necessary to work, then publish with ~all.  For those domains who don't have/allow any
forwarding and/or the known allowed forwarders have the necessary mechanisms in place, -all is
perfectly acceptable.

>
> I am not suggesting that '-all' should be permanently
> forbidden, merely
> that it must be forbidden in the first release of the new
> specification,
> and must remain so until such time as the proposed solutions are
> widespread.

I have to 100% disagree:
If the solution does not start working for at least *some* in the short term, then there will be
reduced/zero perceived benefit which discourages buy-in from undecided fence sitters.

>
> --
> dwmw2
>


Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085




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On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 09:19:30PM -0400, Margaret Olson wrote:
> >Accreditation: why would I care?
> >
> >By this I mean: can you give an example of how this would change my
> >opinion based on their reputation?
> 
> Very small senders won't have the volume to create a statistically 
> significant reputation. But if they are accredited ("this is a shoe 
> shop, established in 1985, uses good practices") and the reputation 
> data is essentially empty, then you know something.

Basically what you're saying is that accreditation is a form of
using someone else's reputation?

IOW the number of reports on $shoeshop is too low to be of any value
as far as reputation goes, but since $bigisp tells they're OK, I can
see if I trust $bigisp to see if I want to trust $shoeshop?

cheers,
Alex



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To: IETF MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: FW: Microsoft's Updated Statement about IPR Claimed in
 <draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt> and <draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt> in Combination
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I cound not find the patent at uspto.gov, can somebody help and give direct
link or post copy of the patent text somewhere else?

On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, Harry Katz wrote:

> Today Microsoft filed the following disclosure statement with the IETF Secretariat regarding IPR claimed in relation to Sender ID.  This statement does not mean that patents have been granted in any of the jurisdictions mentioned below, only that the patent applications themselves are due to be published shortly.  
> 
> ________________________________
> 
> Subject: Microsoft's Updated Statement about IPR Claimed in <draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt> and <draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt> in Combination
> 
> Microsoft is aware of the existence of US, EP; JP; CN; KR; and IN patent applications that are likely to include claims that would necessarily be infringed when implementing the combination of the specifications entitled "Purported Responsible Address in E-mail Messages", file name draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt, and located at the following link on August 23, 2004, url: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt and the specification entitled  "Sender ID:  Authenticating E-mail", file name: draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt, url: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt.  The patent applications are expected to be published by the respective patent offices on or around September 13, 2004. The relevant patent application information is: 
> 
> US - Title: "Reducing Unwanted And Unsolicited Electronic Messages By Preventing Connection Hijacking And Domain Spoofing", Serial no. 10/684020
> EP - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 04005644.2
> JP - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 2004-71769
> CN - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 200410028682.3
> KR - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 10-2004-16409
> IN - Title: "Coordinated Reduction of Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Mail Messages", Serial no. 298/DEL/2004
> 
> A patent license with reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions, with no fees or royalties is available at http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/standards/ or another public site that Microsoft may subsequently use to post the license.
> 



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From: Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com>
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 09:28:49 -0400
To: Alex van den Bogaerdt <alex@slot.hollandcasino.net>
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On Sep 15, 2004, at 8:19 AM, Alex van den Bogaerdt wrote:

>
> On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 09:19:30PM -0400, Margaret Olson wrote:
>>> Accreditation: why would I care?
>>>
>>> By this I mean: can you give an example of how this would change my
>>> opinion based on their reputation?
>>
>> Very small senders won't have the volume to create a statistically
>> significant reputation. But if they are accredited ("this is a shoe
>> shop, established in 1985, uses good practices") and the reputation
>> data is essentially empty, then you know something.
>
> Basically what you're saying is that accreditation is a form of
> using someone else's reputation?
>
Yes.

> IOW the number of reports on $shoeshop is too low to be of any value
> as far as reputation goes, but since $bigisp tells they're OK, I can
> see if I trust $bigisp to see if I want to trust $shoeshop?
>
Yes, although I think it's the accrediting agency you would decide if 
you trust and I doubt the accrediting agency would be an ISP over the 
long run. ISPs have a conflict of interest. You would decide if you 
trust the accrediting agency.  This market is emerging -  look at the 
IADB, the Verisign product,  and many others. 



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 flag	day.
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Add my name to those that disagree with you.   I have "-all" in my SPF 
records because I am confident that all legitmate business related 
emails from my company will be sent from the servers specified in my SPF 
records and none others.   If recipients are concerned about the 
possibility of missing some email due to greeting card companies and the 
like, they can use a whitelist for those.   Otherwise, being in the 
banking industry, I am much more concerned about stopping forgeries than 
I am about permitting online greeting card emails.


David Woodhouse wrote:

>Each of the mailfrom and pra scopes make flawed assumptions about
>forwarding practice, and it would be necessary for uninterested
>forwarding sites to modify their behaviour in accordance with any new
>RFC.
>
>Sites would need to modify the SMTP-reverse-path, or add a new header to
>conform with mailfrom/pra respectively.
>
>The use of '-all' in any such record makes the assumption that
>forwarding sites have _already_ upgraded. This is not realistic -- the
>date of publication would in effect be a 'flag day'. 
>
>We should avoid such an occurrence. The first publication must prohibit
>("MUST NOT") the use of '-all' in records of either scope until such
>time as it is later decided that the Internet as a whole is quorate with
>respect to whatever reverse-path/header modification is required for
>each.
>
>  
>



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On 9/14/2004 2:57 AM, Jim Lyon wrote:
> On Monday, September 13, 2004 at 10:39 PM, Jonathan de Boyne-Pollard
> said:
> 
>>>The DNS resolver APIs on all Microsoft OS's don't let you
>>>query for an unknown record type.
>>
>>Rubbish.
>><http://msdn.microsoft.com./library/en-us/dns/dns/dnsquery.asp>
> 
> If you're behind a firewall and you call this API with an unknown record
> type, it will fail with INVALID_PARAMETER.

That's completely different from the original statement, and is still
insufficiently qualified -- the APIs let you do it, but Microsoft's
firewall product in particular barfs up the failure. Users that are not
behind a Microsoft firewall do not have this problem.

-- 
Eric A. Hall                                        http://www.ehsco.com/
Internet Core Protocols          http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/coreprot/



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 14 Sep 2004 15:23:11 PDT."
             <1095200590.29546.72.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> 
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 10:13:35 -0400
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> From the Latin authenticus- coming from the real author, of original or
> first-hand authority.  It would be a mistake to apply this term to a
> second-hand authority, as is the case with SPF or Sender-ID.

  I thought we were discussing security terms, not Latin.

> Rather, this mailbox domain has authorized second-hand parties to
> act on their behalf and claim this authorization has been validated.

  No.  The domain has published authentication information.  The
SMTP server then uses this information to decide if it wants to
authorize the SMTP client.

  The SMTP server cannot authenticate the client, because it doesn't
know who the client is.  The DNS server holding the records obtained
by the SMTP server cannot authorize the SMTP client, because the SMTP
client isn't asking that DNS server for permission to do anything.

  Security guards authorize people.  Corporate IT authenticates them.

> It is not proper to claim an MTA, authorized to send messages with
> my-small-business mailbox domain, is the same as being administered by
> my-small-business.com.

  Which is why I never said that.

> > then it would
> > be imprudent to label *all* domains at that MTA "bad", just because
> > you authenticated the MTA via EHLO.
> 
> When the MTA administrator does not revoke access to abusive accounts,
> why consider any message from this MTA to be valid?

  You're contradicting yourself.  Previously in this thread, you were
opposed to labelling people with a "broad brush".  Now, you're
claiming it's a good idea.

  Thanks.  This lets me know your position isn't well-defined.

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 10:40:04 2004
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From: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
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To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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 aflag day.
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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
>
> There *is* a solution.  If your domain does forwarding through SMTP
> servers that do not yet have the mechanism(s) necessary to work, then
> publish with ~all.

You do not understand the problem. The difficulty with forwarding occurs
at the receiving sites, not the sending sites that publish Sender-ID
records. If you use -all you must never send email to an alias-fowarding
address -- but you have no way of knowing which addresses these are.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SELSEY BILL TO LYME REGIS: WEST OR NORTHWEST 4 OR 5, DECREASING 3, THEN
BACKING SOUTHWEST 3 OR 4 OVERNIGHT. FAIR. GOOD. MODERATE BECOMING SLIGHT.



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: HELO and Unified
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 10:13:25 -0400
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On Sep 15, 2004, at 1:24 AM, Daniel Quinlan wrote:

> This cannot work since not all receivers can do SUBMITTER since 
> matching
> SUBMITTER to the message is patent-encumbered

How did you come to this conclusion?

-andy



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
	flag	day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Kevin Peuhkurinen <kevin.peuhkurinen@HEPCOE.com>
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 09:52 -0400, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
> Add my name to those that disagree with you.   I have "-all" in my SPF 
> records because I am confident that all legitmate business related 
> emails from my company will be sent from the servers specified in my SPF 
> records and none others. 

Your confidence is misplaced. As an example -- if you ever send a mail
to the address 'dwmw2@infradead.org', it's likely to get forwarded to
wherever I happen to be reading my mail at the time, such as an email
address at my current place of employment. Neither you nor the sysadmin
at the final destination may have any idea about the arrangement, which
is an established practice and which has worked for decades.

Breaking this so abruptly would constitute a flag day. Your naÃ¯vetÃ©
is a prime example of why such records should temporarily be prohibited,
until such time as the rest of the world has adjusted.

By immediately allowing the use of '-all' on domains which actually send
mail, we would promote discord and harm interoperability. 

> Otherwise, being in the banking industry, I am much more concerned
> about stopping forgeries than I am about permitting online greeting
> card emails.

Then you should be looking at a scheme which actually offers true
end-to-end verification of identity. You could start by PGP-signing your
output.

-- 
dwmw2



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From: Margaret Olson <margaret@margaretolson.com>
Subject: Re: Interpreting "v=spf1"
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 11:00:33 -0400
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On Sep 14, 2004, at 9:59 PM, Meng Weng Wong wrote:

>
> On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 08:17:51PM -0500, wayne wrote:
> |
> | "Records that begin with v=spf1 MUST be interpreted as 
> spf2.0/mailfrom,helo"
> |
>
> I agree with the sentiment behind this suggestion.  It might
> even be more useful if v=spf1 records were defined to mean
>
>   spf2.0/pra,mailfrom,helo,pra
>
> or perhaps
>
>   spf2.0/pra,mailfrom,helo,pra,ptr
>
> and if a sender is uncomfortable with those semantics then
> they should publish proper spf2.0 records that override the
> v1 entries.

No. If the standard supports spf1 then spf1 must mean *exactly* what it 
means today. Otherwise you are just introducing chaos.

Margaret.



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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Tony Finch'" <dot@dotat.at>, <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately representsaflag day.
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Tony Finch
> Sent: Wednesday, September 15, 2004 10:04 AM
> To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately
> representsaflag day.
>
>
>
> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
> >
> > There *is* a solution.  If your domain does forwarding through SMTP
> > servers that do not yet have the mechanism(s) necessary to
> work, then
> > publish with ~all.
>
> You do not understand the problem. The difficulty with
> forwarding occurs
> at the receiving sites, not the sending sites that publish Sender-ID
> records. If you use -all you must never send email to an
> alias-fowarding
> address -- but you have no way of knowing which addresses these are.

Valid point.

With more thought, you are correct, sorry.

I still support -all, because:
Another way of looking at it is, if the receiver wants to forward other (valid) email address(es) to
his/her actual email address, the onus is on the recipient to ensure that the MTA doing the forward
on his/her behalf has the necessary mechanisms.  If it does not then either accept the risk of
rejected email OR strive to get the sender to send to the final email address directly.

I prefer the latter, which under consideration:
-if the sender a person, then an auto reply on the account saying (please now use my direct address
to contact me) should suffice
-if the sender is automated (such as mailing list) then the person should have updated their
subscription/registration/whatever with the direct email address.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085


>
> Tony.
> --
> f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
> SELSEY BILL TO LYME REGIS: WEST OR NORTHWEST 4 OR 5,
> DECREASING 3, THEN
> BACKING SOUTHWEST 3 OR 4 OVERNIGHT. FAIR. GOOD. MODERATE
> BECOMING SLIGHT.
>



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
>
> Another way of looking at it is, if the receiver wants to forward other
> (valid) email address(es) to his/her actual email address, the onus is
> on the recipient to ensure that the MTA doing the forward on his/her
> behalf has the necessary mechanisms.

Most recipients are not capable of doing so, and most forwarding sites do
not have the necessary mechanisms. The necessary mechanisms either do not
work adequately (in the case of /pra) or are problematic (in the case of
/mailfrom).

> If it does not then either accept the risk of rejected email OR strive
> to get the sender to send to the final email address directly.

The point of using a forwarding address is to have a stable email address
independent of the final destination. It's a huge pain to have to update
everyone's address books every year or two.

> -if the sender a person, then an auto reply on the account saying
> (please now use my direct address to contact me) should suffice

Backscatter is part of the problem not part of the solution.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SOUTH FITZROY: NORTHEAST 4 OR 5 IN EAST, OCCASIONALLY 6 NEAR CAPE FINISTERRE,
OTHERWISE VARIABLE 3 OR 4. FAIR. GOOD.



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terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

>> You do not understand the problem. The difficulty with
>> forwarding occurs at the receiving sites, not the sending
>> sites that publish Sender-ID records.

There is no such thing as a "receiving site" here. Or rather, the term is 
used rather misguidedly to denote a site who forwards. If I send mail to a 
'receiving' site, which forwards that mail, then that site is simply another 
hop in the sender chain.

>> If you use -all you must never send email to an
>> alias-fowarding address -- but you have no way
>> of knowing which addresses these are.

This 'problem' is hardly new; it is covered in section "Does SPF break email 
forwarding?" in the SPF FAQ, at:

http://spf.pobox.com/faq-old.html

The answer is given there, too. Worth quoting is this one:

If you don't have procmail, the .forward could instead just say 
"|/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f nobody@intermediate-domain.com foo@bar.com"

Professional forwarders should implement SRS. It does not suffice for them 
to be SPF compliant on the receiving end, yet to omit implementing the 
necessary rewriting scheme (or use SUBMITTER, once it comes into fashion) on 
the sending part of the equation.

- Mark

        System Administrator Asarian-host.org

---
"If you were supposed to understand it,
we wouldn't call it code." - FedEx



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On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
>
> Therefore, the working group should abandon the 'mail from' and 'pra'
> scopes and seek a _single_ scope which serves the purpose of identifying
> the entity responsible for a given mail server.

I agree. I also think that in this scenario the mechanism should be CSV
rather than SPF, because CSV is vastly more efficient and less abusive of
the DNS.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LYME REGIS TO LANDS END INCLUDING THE ISLES OF SCILLY: WEST OR NORTHWEST
BACKING SOUTHWEST 3 OR 4, INCREASING 5 TO 7 LATER. MAINLY FAIR. MAINLY GOOD.
SLIGHT OR MODERATE, BECOMING ROUGH IN THE WEST.



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Subject: Re: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders that are not compatible with RFC 2822
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David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> schrieb/wrote:
> All we're doing is offering a way for sending mail hosts to offer an
> arbitrary 'trust key' of their choice, which the recipient can then
> look up in a database.
> As long as there's a way of checking that the host in question really is
> an authorised user of that 'trust key' it doesn't matter _what_ it is.

This observation raises an important question: Why should building a
database based on a 'trust key' reduce spam?

The most obvious 'trust key' is the IP address of the sending MTA.
Databases based on the IP address have already been built and are in
production use. They do reduce spam but there is still a lot of spam
that gets through.

If Sender ID/SPF just changes the key from 'IP address' to something
else, then I don't see how it can reduce spam UNLESS spammers can't
change that key as easily as IP addresses. With domain-based keys, this
is not the case: It's actually easier to register a throw-away domain
name than to get a new block of IP addresses.

Well, IP address-based databases have some problems on their own, which
may or may not have hindered deployment (e.g. the server behind a DSL
`dialup'' line). But SPF has similar problems.

Claus
-- 
http://www.faerber.muc.de




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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:

> We should avoid such an occurrence. The first publication must prohibit
> ("MUST NOT") the use of '-all' in records of either scope until such
> time as it is later decided that the Internet as a whole is quorate with
> respect to whatever reverse-path/header modification is required for
> each.

Agreed.  In fact, there might just be too many email forwarding
accounts out there to ever have a scheme like SPF work right.

The validation of email really needs to be from the sender to
the recipient, regardless of whether or not anybody else in-between
handled the mail...

Rik
-- 
"Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place.
Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are,
by definition, not smart enough to debug it." - Brian W. Kernighan



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
> On Sep 15, 2004, at 1:24 AM, Daniel Quinlan wrote:
>
> > This cannot work since not all receivers can do SUBMITTER since matching
> > SUBMITTER to the message is patent-encumbered
>
> How did you come to this conclusion?

It requires use of the PRA algorithm. Checking SUBMITTER against a
Sender-ID record is equivalent to checking the PRA against a Sender-ID
record, which is covered by M$'s vague IPR claims.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LANDS END TO ST DAVIDS HEAD INCLUDING THE BRISTOL CHANNEL: WEST OR NORTHWEST
BACKING SOUTHWEST 3 OR 4, INCREASING 5 TO 7 LATER. MAINLY FAIR. GOOD,
OCCASIONALLY MODERATE LATER. SLIGHT OR MODERATE, BECOMING ROUGH IN THE WEST.



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To: "'Tony Finch'" <dot@dotat.at>
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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately representsaflagday.
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Tony Finch
> Sent: Wednesday, September 15, 2004 12:13 PM
> To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately
> representsaflagday.
>
>
>
> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
> >
> > Another way of looking at it is, if the receiver wants to
> forward other
> > (valid) email address(es) to his/her actual email address,
> the onus is
> > on the recipient to ensure that the MTA doing the forward on his/her
> > behalf has the necessary mechanisms.
>
> Most recipients are not capable of doing so, and most
> forwarding sites do
> not have the necessary mechanisms. The necessary mechanisms
> either do not
> work adequately (in the case of /pra) or

Agreed, I don't like PRA, it seems dumb perform tests on something that can be forged anyway.

> are problematic (in the case of
> /mailfrom).

Problematic does not mean without resolution.  I have heard solutions (although have not implemented
any yet).

>
> > If it does not then either accept the risk of rejected
> email OR strive
> > to get the sender to send to the final email address directly.
>
> The point of using a forwarding address is to have a stable
> email address

Agreed, I have many email addresses, and I too will have to ensure the forwarding is done by
compliant servers (or move the forwarding elsewhere).

> independent of the final destination. It's a huge pain to
> have to update
> everyone's address books every year or two.

I know.  It's also a pain to be flooded with emails with forged from domain.

>
> > -if the sender a person, then an auto reply on the account saying
> > (please now use my direct address to contact me) should suffice
>
> Backscatter is part of the problem not part of the solution.

Agreed.  I am already flooded with bounces and crap from failed delivery, viruses etc.  PRA may
cause some backscatter, but it has the potential to block a whole bunch (viruses usually include an
SMTP engine so they don't need to relay through a real MTA, hence 1 hop, hence no backscatter on
rejection before DATA).

BTW I don't endorse PRA because (amongst other things) the backscatter issue.

But I am voting for Classic SPF which does not have a backscatter issue (please correct me if I am
wrong).

Terry


>
> Tony.
> --
> f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
> SOUTH FITZROY: NORTHEAST 4 OR 5 IN EAST, OCCASIONALLY 6 NEAR
> CAPE FINISTERRE,
> OTHERWISE VARIABLE 3 OR 4. FAIR. GOOD.
>



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
 flag	day.
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David Woodhouse wrote:

>On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 09:52 -0400, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
>  
>
>>Add my name to those that disagree with you.   I have "-all" in my SPF 
>>records because I am confident that all legitmate business related 
>>emails from my company will be sent from the servers specified in my SPF 
>>records and none others. 
>>    
>>
>
>Your confidence is misplaced. As an example -- if you ever send a mail
>to the address 'dwmw2@infradead.org', it's likely to get forwarded to
>wherever I happen to be reading my mail at the time, such as an email
>address at my current place of employment. Neither you nor the sysadmin
>at the final destination may have any idea about the arrangement, which
>is an established practice and which has worked for decades.
>
>Breaking this so abruptly would constitute a flag day. Your naÃ¯vetÃ©
>is a prime example of why such records should temporarily be prohibited,
>until such time as the rest of the world has adjusted.
>
>By immediately allowing the use of '-all' on domains which actually send
>mail, we would promote discord and harm interoperability. 
>
Uhm... I object to the implication that -all should, or should not, be 
allowed. It is situationally dependent and the spec
should bow to that possibility.

Ex: moongroup.com uses -all right now and has for some time without any 
difficulties.

I also recognize that other domains have different situations and for 
them -all would not be an efficacious choice.

I think we should "allow" the use of -all or ~all as the domain 
administrators prefer based upon their
own particular situation.

-- 
Chuck Mead <csm@redhat.com>
Instructor II (and resident Postfix bigot), GLS
Disclaimer: "It's Thursday and my name is Locutus of B0rk!"
Addendum: "Bwahahaha! Fire up the orbital mind-control lasers!"




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On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:

> The identity which is being checked at each hop would no longer be
> directly related to the original sender of the mail, but merely serves
> as a verified identifier for the entity which controls the mail server
> in question, and can be used to determine a level of trust for that
> server.
>
> Therefore, the 'mail from' and 'pra' scopes should be considered equal,
> not as complementary forms of 'authentication'. Once the whole world has
> upgraded, each scope provides merely an arbitrary handle by which to
> classify the mail host which is submitting a given mail.

Good point.  Multiple scopes only really seem to make sense
in a world where SPF isn't deployable ...

Rik
-- 
"Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place.
Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are,
by definition, not smart enough to debug it." - Brian W. Kernighan



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Subject: RE: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately
	representsaflag day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 11:20 -0400, terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
> [ Tony Finch wrote: ]
> > You do not understand the problem. The difficulty with
> > forwarding occurs at the receiving sites, not the sending
> > sites that publish Sender-ID records. If you use -all you
> > must never send email to an alias-fowarding address -- 
> > but you have no way of knowing which addresses these are.
> 
> Valid point. 
> With more thought, you are correct, sorry.

Good. Some are rather disingenuously still claiming not even to see
that.

> I still support -all, because:
> Another way of looking at it is, if the receiver wants to forward
> other (valid) email address(es) to his/her actual email address, the
> onus is on the recipient to ensure that the MTA doing the forward
> on his/her behalf has the necessary mechanisms.

Even assuming that the deployment of such mechanisms is acceptable, it
will take _time_ for them to be deployed after the publication of the
RFC which mandates them.

It is the responsibility of this working group to enable
interoperability between sites; we must not _simultaneously_ publish a
requirement for such new mechanisms and permit sites to assume that the
same mechanisms are _already_ deployed. That would be extremely
irresponsible and foolish.

For this reason, I believe that use of the '-all' record on domains
which actually send mail could be described, but must be _temporarily_
prohibited, until such time as it is determined that a large enough
proportion of the world has implemented these mechanisms of which you
speak.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> There are also some issues with RFC2317 (which is in my opinion just a
> bad RFC that instead of proposing to do futher reverse subdelegation
> with NS, tried to get by with CNAMEs - bad, that means it will only work
> for PTR records and not anything else that might be in in-addr).

What makes you think that? To extend an example from RFC 2317:

   $ORIGIN 2.0.192.in-addr.arpa.
   @       IN      SOA     my-ns.my.domain. hostmaster.my.domain. (...)
   ;...
   0/25            NS      ns.A.domain.
   1               CNAME   1.0/25.2.0.192.in-addr.arpa.

   $ORIGIN 0/25.2.0.192.in-addr.arpa.
   @       IN      SOA     ns.A.domain. hostmaster.A.domain. (...)
   @               NS      ns.A.domain.
   1               PTR     host1.A.domain.
                   TXT     "ASRG.MTA=yes"

The CNAME refers to the whole RR set, not any particular RR type.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
FAEROES SOUTHEAST ICELAND: SOUTHEAST 4 OR 5 INCREASING 7 TO SEVERE GALE 9,
VEERING SOUTH 6 OR 7 LATER. RAIN. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE OR POOR &NBSP;.



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Mark wrote:
>
> terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

No he did not. Please attribute quotes correctly.

> Worth quoting is this one:
>
> If you don't have procmail, the .forward could instead just say
> "|/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f nobody@intermediate-domain.com foo@bar.com"

Hey, why don't we just reject all email with a null return path? That'll
solve the backscatter problem! Who cares about reliability anyway?

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SHETLAND ISLES: NORTHWEST 4 OR 5 BECOMING VARIABLE 3 OR 4 THEN SOUTHEAST 6 OR
7, PERHAPS GALE 8 LATER. RAIN LATER. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE OR POOR. MODERATE
OR ROUGH, OCCASIONALLY VERY ROUGH LATER.



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On Wed, Sep 15, 2004 at 05:48:49PM +0100, Tony Finch wrote:
| 
| It requires use of the PRA algorithm. Checking SUBMITTER against a
| Sender-ID record is equivalent to checking the PRA against a Sender-ID
| record, which is covered by M$'s vague IPR claims.
| 

I wouldn't have a problem if somebody wanted to treat
SUBMITTER as a first-class identity.

The constraint that PRA == SUBMITTER could be left for
patent-encumbered implementations to enforce.
Implementations which do not wish to touch PRA could leave
that constraint unenforced.

Because we would subject the SUBMITTER identity to
reputation/accreditation/local-whitelisting/policy checks
before accepting the message, the risk of weakening
protections for the other identities seems diminished.



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
>
> I am already flooded with bounces and crap from failed delivery, viruses etc.

Then what you want is BATV. Sender-ID and SPF will neither solve your
problem completely nor quickly, whereas BATV will.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SHETLAND ISLES: NORTHWEST 4 OR 5 BECOMING VARIABLE 3 OR 4 THEN SOUTHEAST 6 OR
7, PERHAPS GALE 8 LATER. RAIN LATER. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE OR POOR. MODERATE
OR ROUGH, OCCASIONALLY VERY ROUGH LATER.



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
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David Woodhouse wrote:

>On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 09:52 -0400, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
>  
>
>>Add my name to those that disagree with you.   I have "-all" in my SPF 
>>records because I am confident that all legitmate business related 
>>emails from my company will be sent from the servers specified in my SPF 
>>records and none others. 
>>    
>>
>
>Your confidence is misplaced. As an example -- if you ever send a mail
>to the address 'dwmw2@infradead.org', it's likely to get forwarded to
>wherever I happen to be reading my mail at the time, such as an email
>address at my current place of employment. Neither you nor the sysadmin
>at the final destination may have any idea about the arrangement, which
>is an established practice and which has worked for decades.
>
>Breaking this so abruptly would constitute a flag day. Your naÃ¯vetÃ©
>is a prime example of why such records should temporarily be prohibited,
>until such time as the rest of the world has adjusted.
>
>By immediately allowing the use of '-all' on domains which actually send
>mail, we would promote discord and harm interoperability. 
>
>  
>
To be brutally honest, unless you are an executive or member of our 
board of directors or an extremely important customer, I just don't care 
that much from a business perspective if you don't get my email.   I'm 
not trying to put down your perspective any more than you are mine, but 
looking at it from a purely business rather than a techie point of view, 
it's just not my concern that you want to forward your mail AND have 
your end receiver do SPF checks as well.  I'm just telling the world 
which servers are authorized to send email on behalf of my domains.  
It's your receiver that's dropping the email and if you are unhappy 
about not getting your mail, you should take it up with them.

Now, if you could convince me that a large portion of our business 
contacts would have trouble with this, then I'd reconsider.

>>Otherwise, being in the banking industry, I am much more concerned
>>about stopping forgeries than I am about permitting online greeting
>>card emails.
>>    
>>
>
>Then you should be looking at a scheme which actually offers true
>end-to-end verification of identity. You could start by PGP-signing your
>output.
>
>  
>
PGP signing my output would do next to nothing to stop phishing style 
forgeries.  



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David Woodhouse wrote:

>Each of the mailfrom and pra scopes make flawed assumptions about
>forwarding practice, and it would be necessary for uninterested
>forwarding sites to modify their behaviour in accordance with any new
>RFC.
>  
>
This isn't a problem, because Tony's statement:

>If you use -all you must never send email to an alias-fowarding
>address
>
only applies in the mailfrom and pra scopes, and we're going to be 
checking HELO.
If the HELO check (+ A&R check) passes, the forwarding problem GOES AWAY.

BTW, apropos William Leibzon's post:  I think an atomic scoring system, 
i.e. a system where a bunch of atomic tests are done and results of each 
assigned a score and the score summed is not optimal.      This kind of 
issue is why I've been pushing for a BCP in this area.
I'm thinking that instead, conditional logic is better, but I'm not sure.
The SA rules that handle habeas are informative here; they have 
conditional logic:
HABEAS_USER means "Has Habeas warrant mark and on User List" (This is 
conditional logic - it means: if H and U then score=score-8; else nothing.)

HABEAS_INFRINGER means "Has Habeas warrant mark and on Infringer List"  (which is conditional logic too)

These are assigned the scores -8 and +16, respectively, by default, if 
they hit.
No score is assigned for <Has Habeas warrant mark but not on either list>. 
No score is assigned for <Has no Habeas warrant mark but IS on a list>. 
This is the case in recent SA releases (2.6, 3.0).
In 2.4, the tests were atomic, and it seems the conditional logic was a 
needed enhancement added later. 2.4:

|score HABEAS_SWE                     -4.0
|score HABEAS_HIL                     4.0
In 2.4 there was also
|score HABEAS_VIOLATOR                8.0

|meta HABEAS_VIOLATOR		(HABEAS_SWE && HABEAS_HIL)  
(Err. This is conditional logic too. My bad. Anyway, clearly it's important)


If the HELO check (+ A&R check) passes, but the A&R check provides 
something other than a yes/no answer, then things get more complicated.  
Perhaps we should assume this is the case for the BCP.  E.g. if the HELO 
A&R check results in what I'll call a 'weak pass', then further MARID 
checks would be useful, but if there's a strong pass, then don't do 
further tests, which would cause false positives, e.g. due to forwarders 
that don't do SRS or SUBMITTER.  Is this complicated logic necesary, or 
would simple logic and HELO check (+ A&R check) test passes having a 
relatively large positive score be good enough?  I'm pretty sure that 
the HELO check + A&R check should not be scored separately.

http://old.spamassassin.org/full/3.0.x/dist/rules/50_scores.cf has 
sensible text for SPF followed by scores that are at odds with the text 
and are unreasonable:

#
# SPF                                              
# Note that the benefit for a valid SPF record is deliberately minimal; it's
# likely that more spammers would quickly move to setting valid SPF records
# otherwise.  The penalties for an *incorrect* record, however, are large.  ;)
#
ifplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::SPF
score SPF_PASS -0.001
score SPF_FAIL 0 0.974 0 0.875
score SPF_SOFTFAIL 0.500
score SPF_HELO_PASS -0.001
score SPF_HELO_FAIL 0 0.001 0 0.001
score SPF_HELO_SOFTFAIL 0 0.907 0 3.140
endif # Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::SPF




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Tony Finch wrote:

> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Mark wrote:
>>
>> terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
>
> No he did not. Please attribute quotes correctly.

Please, interpret posts correctly; the text I quoted had a double ">>", 
indicating I was quoting the poster Terry quoted. So, relative to 
"terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:", the ">>" was correct.

>> Worth quoting is this one:
>>
>> If you don't have procmail, the .forward could instead just say
>> "|/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f nobody@intermediate-domain.com
>> foo@bar.com"
>
> Hey, why don't we just reject all email with a null return path?
> That'll solve the backscatter problem! Who cares about reliability
> anyway?

Very silly remark, in otherwise very silly post.

- Mark

        System Administrator Asarian-host.org

---
"If you were supposed to understand it,
we wouldn't call it code." - FedEx



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At 05:48 PM 9/15/2004 +0100, Tony Finch wrote:

>On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
>> On Sep 15, 2004, at 1:24 AM, Daniel Quinlan wrote:
>>
>> > This cannot work since not all receivers can do SUBMITTER since matching
>> > SUBMITTER to the message is patent-encumbered
>>
>> How did you come to this conclusion?
>
>It requires use of the PRA algorithm. Checking SUBMITTER against a
>Sender-ID record is equivalent to checking the PRA against a Sender-ID
>record, which is covered by M$'s vague IPR claims.

Of course, this assumes that SUBMITTER is being checked.  In past discussions on SUBMITTER, it hasn't been clear (to me) that this would always be done.  Which makes me wonder how much value SUBMITTER has, since it can then be spoofed to anything that works.

On the other hand, perhaps if the SUBMITTER address is checked against (just) the From address, and if different the From address is rewritten to make the SUBMITTER address that was used visible to the recipient, it might be useful.

-Jim



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a 
     flag day.
From: "Chuck Mead" <csm@moongroup.com>
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Cc: "David Woodhouse" <dwmw2@infradead.org>, "MARID" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Rik van Riel said:
>
> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
>
>> We should avoid such an occurrence. The first publication must prohibit
>> ("MUST NOT") the use of '-all' in records of either scope until such
>> time as it is later decided that the Internet as a whole is quorate with
>> respect to whatever reverse-path/header modification is required for
>> each.
>
> Agreed.  In fact, there might just be too many email forwarding
> accounts out there to ever have a scheme like SPF work right.

Again I say... this is situationally dependent. Using "MUST NOT" in the
spec is sending the wrong message. The right message is that the domain
admin "MAY USE" -all if they chose based on their individual domain
situation.

--
csm@moongroup.com
Chief Tech and Bottle Washer



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-all is perfectly OK now.  The spec should make clear the issue David 
raised, to the extent it remains an issue, given pending changes. That's 
all.

>> If you don't have procmail, the .forward could instead just say
>> "|/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f nobody@intermediate-domain.com foo@bar.com"
>
Yuck.  A lame solution like this should be fixed or removed from the site. 

terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

>But I am voting for Classic SPF which does not have a backscatter issue (please correct me if I am
>wrong).
>
It does; the spec doesn't even say not to bounce in case of 'fail'.  The 
authors were too timid to make ANY concrete statements about what to do 
with the result of the SPF checks.  It does mandate SRS, so it MIGHT 
cause a net reduction in backscatter.


PS Folks, please email me if you think I'm posting too often; I'd like 
to know.



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From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 14:36 +0200, Claus FÃ¤rber wrote:
> This observation raises an important question: Why should building a
> database based on a 'trust key' reduce spam?
> 
> The most obvious 'trust key' is the IP address of the sending MTA.
> Databases based on the IP address have already been built and are in
> production use. They do reduce spam but there is still a lot of spam
> that gets through.
> 
> If Sender ID/SPF just changes the key from 'IP address' to something
> else, then I don't see how it can reduce spam UNLESS spammers can't
> change that key as easily as IP addresses. With domain-based keys, this
> is not the case: It's actually easier to register a throw-away domain
> name than to get a new block of IP addresses.
> 
> Well, IP address-based databases have some problems on their own, which
> may or may not have hindered deployment (e.g. the server behind a DSL
> `dialup'' line). But SPF has similar problems.

All this is true, but people still seem to rabidly want SPF/SenderID. 

Partly I think this stems from a lack of realisation that in the
presence of SRS or the Resent-From:^WForwarded-For: header addition, SPF
and SenderID are still only capable of providing a way of determining
who claims to be responsible for the individual mail server in question,
rather than being a true end-to-end validation that the mail in question
really did come from the user from whom it claims to come.

But partly it does make some sense. Databases based on IP addresses are
not entirely perfect, and some improvement could be obtained by using an
alternative 'trust key' to identify the party responsible for the server
in question. Not only can the problem of false positives and false
negatives due to dynamic IP be avoided, but by using a key which covers
_groups_ of servers, such as a domain name or the signer of a TLS
certificate, we get to reduce the size of the database dramatically.

What does _not_ make sense is to allow people to think that the use of a
'domain name' as the key actually gives any secure indication that the
mail really did come from the domain it claims to come from. There are
other groups working on such end-to-end authentication, and that is an
orthogonal issue. Or at least it _should_ be; but some people seem
confused.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Tony Finch wrote:

> I agree. I also think that in this scenario the mechanism should be CSV
> rather than SPF, because CSV is vastly more efficient and less abusive of
> the DNS.

And less abusive of the forwarders.

My worry about the current direction to standardize a mailfrom scope is
that there hasn't been a lot of technical discussion about the implication
of changing the return paths by the group.

-Rand



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Subject: Re: A&R BCP & Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 10:15 -0700, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> David Woodhouse wrote:
> > Each of the mailfrom and pra scopes make flawed assumptions...

> This isn't a problem, because Tony's statement [...] only applies in 
> the mailfrom and pra scopes, and we're going to be checking HELO.

Er, OK -- I agree with the logic of that statement as it stands: the
flawedness of the mailfrom and pra scopes isn't a problem if we don't
actually _use_ them. 

That's fine by me. So let's not define them, and let's banish them
entirely from our minds. But I don't quite understand what you're saying
-- can you confirm precisely whom you mean by 'we' in your statement
above?

-- 
dwmw2



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On Sep 15, 2004, at 12:48 PM, Tony Finch wrote:

> Checking SUBMITTER against a
> Sender-ID record is equivalent to checking the PRA against a Sender-ID
> record, which is covered by M$'s vague IPR claims.

Considering that there is no patent claim against the -submitter draft, 
I find this really hard to believe.  If you believe this, then you 
might as well believe that checking MAIL FROM against a DNS record is 
covered by their claims.

-andy



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
	flag	day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Chuck Mead <csm@redhat.com>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 12:33 -0400, Chuck Mead wrote:
Ex: moongroup.com uses -all right now and has for some time without any 
difficulties.
> I think we should "allow" the use of -all or ~all as the domain 
> administrators prefer based upon their own particular situation.

-- 
dwmw2



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
	flag	day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Chuck Mead <csm@redhat.com>
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Apologies for the previous empty post. I slipped while editing my
quotation. At least I _do_ edit my quotations ;)

On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 12:33 -0400, Chuck Mead wrote:
> Ex: moongroup.com uses -all right now and has for some time without any 
> difficulties.
> 
> I also recognize that other domains have different situations and for 
> them -all would not be an efficacious choice.
> 
> I think we should "allow" the use of -all or ~all as the domain 
> administrators prefer based upon their own particular situation.

My situation is that I am on the Earth, in 2004. In my situation, I can
neither publish nor obey a record ending in ' -all' with a reasonable
expectation that I would not be causing valid email to be rejected. 

I know not how the situation is different for you.

-- 
dwmw2



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
	flag	day.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Kevin Peuhkurinen <kevin.peuhkurinen@HEPCOE.com>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 13:11 -0400, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
> To be brutally honest, unless you are an executive or member of our 
> board of directors or an extremely important customer, I just don't care 
> that much from a business perspective if you don't get my email. 

That's perfectly reasonable. I understand your perspective. But that is
not an acceptable perspective for this working group, which must concern
itself with interoperability of the system as a worldwide whole.

Without meaning disrespect by the precise choice of words in my
paraphrasing of your sentiment -- it is not acceptable for this working
group to codify a scheme whereby everyone can retreat into a corner and
say "I don't care if you don't get my mail, and I don't care that I
don't get yours".

-- 
dwmw2



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately
	representsaflagday.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Mark <admin@asarian-host.net>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 17:11 +0000, Mark wrote:
> Tony Finch wrote:
> > On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Mark wrote:
> >>
> >> terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
> >
> > No he did not. Please attribute quotes correctly.
> 
> Please, interpret posts correctly; the text I quoted had a double ">>", 
> indicating I was quoting the poster Terry quoted. So, relative to 
> "terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:", the ">>" was correct.

Strictly speaking, I suppose Terry did indeed write that, and the
original fault is indeed with him for not attributing correctly, and not
including an attribution line which you in turn could include.

But perhaps Mark you could have cleaned it up when you replied? It would
have helped. I really do wish people would behave a little better in
their use of email -- if we can't manage a little bit of decorum even in
a forum where we discuss technical matters related to email, surely we
might as well all just give up on netiquette entirely?

> > Hey, why don't we just reject all email with a null return path?
> > That'll solve the backscatter problem! Who cares about reliability
> > anyway?
> 
> Very silly remark, in otherwise very silly post.

You _do_ understand that this idea was the logical conclusion of your
suggestion to use '-f nobody@...', and hence prevent the sender of the
mail from getting any resulting bounces -- right? 

-- 
dwmw2



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Tony Finch wrote:

> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> 
> > There are also some issues with RFC2317 (which is in my opinion just a
> > bad RFC that instead of proposing to do futher reverse subdelegation
> > with NS, tried to get by with CNAMEs - bad, that means it will only work
> > for PTR records and not anything else that might be in in-addr).
> 
> What makes you think that? To extend an example from RFC 2317:

1. Answering as to why I think RFC2317 is bad will take quite a number of 
   bits and is probably absolutely off-topic to this list. If you're 
   interested I'll answer answer in private.

2. RFC2317 may well be depreciated in the future and replaced with DNAME
   for dns forwarding of reverse dns zones. RFC2317 style delegation is
   not widely used today anyway.

3. The CNAME from PTR did not work on some of the servers I have.
   The problem is resolevers and not strictly standard, it appear some 
   resolvers will simply not do query on txt when asked about ip address - 
   but you can still force it manually by asking txt on
   reverse-ip.in-addr.arpa. Its not a big deal.

4. The point I made back is no longer important because, by May 04,
   I came up with idea to not bother putting TXT records directly
   in IN-ADDR zone but to put them in forward zone of PTR dns name
   pointed from IN-ADDR zone (see example later in this post):

   That works much better as far as deployment is concerned:
    1. Most mail servers already look up PTR name of incoming client
    2. If there is no PTR name, why bother asking for TXT
    3. ISPs are relactant to give its customers access to INADDR and
       most ISPs are unwilling to do redeligation like RFC2317 suggests
       (I can explain why, but it would take quite a bit of text).
       But at the same time ISPs are usually willing to set inaddr to
       to dns names that their dedicated-level customers want; once
       this is done customer has full control of what to enter for
       mail policy record (like SPF) and does not need to bother
       contacting ISP if he needs to make changes to the policy.
    4. For many mail servers, reverse dns points to the correct forward
       name of the mail server which is very often also used for EHLO
       As such for many systems, one policy record can cover both
       EHLO and PTR scopes

   For reference here is  example of how PTR record can be entered:

   $ORIGIN 2.0.192.in-addr.arpa.
     1		     PTR     mail1.example.com.

   $ORIGIN example.com.
     mail1   	     CNAME   "v=spf1 ptr -all"
     mail1   	     CNAME   "SPF2.0/PTR ptr -all"
     mail1	     A	     192.0.2.1


> The CNAME refers to the whole RR set, not any particular RR type.

In fact strictly speaking you're not supposed to be able to enter any 
other type of dns record for host if you enter CNAME there.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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David Woodhouse wrote:

>On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 13:11 -0400, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
>  
>
>>To be brutally honest, unless you are an executive or member of our 
>>board of directors or an extremely important customer, I just don't care 
>>that much from a business perspective if you don't get my email. 
>>    
>>
>
>That's perfectly reasonable. I understand your perspective. But that is
>not an acceptable perspective for this working group, which must concern
>itself with interoperability of the system as a worldwide whole.
>
>Without meaning disrespect by the precise choice of words in my
>paraphrasing of your sentiment -- it is not acceptable for this working
>group to codify a scheme whereby everyone can retreat into a corner and
>say "I don't care if you don't get my mail, and I don't care that I
>don't get yours".
>
>  
>
Agreed, but I also don't think it acceptable to say that nobody is 
allowed to make that choice either.   A RECOMMENDED wording, in my mind, 
would be much more fitting.

If you were to use a MUST NOT, what sort of limitation on it would you 
propose?   "Implementors MUST NOT use '-all' until the IETF has 
determined that 80% of all forwarders are compatible with the 
specification"?   How would you make that determination?




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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:
> On Sep 15, 2004, at 12:48 PM, Tony Finch wrote:
>
> > Checking SUBMITTER against a Sender-ID record is equivalent to
> > checking the PRA against a Sender-ID record, which is covered by M$'s
> > vague IPR claims.
>
> Considering that there is no patent claim against the -submitter draft, I find
> this really hard to believe.

My comment is not about which drafts are covered by the patent claims but
about why an implementation that checks SUBMITTER necessarily infringes on
the IPR.

The IPR claim is against using -core and -pra in combination. -core
defines a system for checking the PRA against a -protocol record. If you
instead check the SUBMITTER against a -protocol record, -submitter
requires that you ensure that the SUBMITTER is the PRA. Thus, you are
checking the PRA against a -protocol record, which is covered by the IPR
claim.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LYME REGIS TO LANDS END INCLUDING THE ISLES OF SCILLY: WEST OR NORTHWEST
BACKING SOUTHWEST 3 OR 4, INCREASING 5 TO 7 LATER. MAINLY FAIR. MAINLY GOOD.
SLIGHT OR MODERATE, BECOMING ROUGH IN THE WEST.



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David Woodhouse wrote:

> On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 11:20 -0400, terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

>> Valid point.
>> With more thought, you are correct, sorry.
>
> Good. Some are rather disingenuously still claiming not even to see
> that.

If on the eve of global SPF adoption you suddenly want to 'reinvent' the 
forwarding problem, which has existed and has been well documented from day 
one, then be my guest; but please do not ask me to play along.

> It is the responsibility of this working group to enable
> interoperability between sites; we must not _simultaneously_ publish a
> requirement for such new mechanisms and permit sites to assume that
> the same mechanisms are _already_ deployed. That would be extremely
> irresponsible and foolish.

A solid argument. But it is also putting the cart before the horse: you 
cannot wait for the world to improve until you jump aboard yourself. You 
must be the change you want to be in the world, as the Mahatma would say. 
And I can tell you this much: with everyone publishing ~all policies, and no 
forwarding ever breaking anywhere as a result (nor ever have any fake mail 
"fail" anywhere), no one, anywhere, will ever implement the necessary 
rewriting schemes, either. There must, at some point, be an incentive to 
change, lest you be dealt out of the game. What you propose, is taking away 
that incentive. And I propose to decline.

- Mark

        System Administrator Asarian-host.org

---
"If you were supposed to understand it,
we wouldn't call it code." - FedEx



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From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 10:24 -0700, Rand Wacker wrote:
> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Tony Finch wrote:
> 
> > I agree. I also think that in this scenario the mechanism should be CSV
> > rather than SPF, because CSV is vastly more efficient and less abusive of
> > the DNS.
> 
> And less abusive of the forwarders.
> 
> My worry about the current direction to standardize a mailfrom scope is
> that there hasn't been a lot of technical discussion about the implication
> of changing the return paths by the group.

The rewriting using SRS or the Resent-From:^WForwarded-For: header has
been bolted on almost as an afterthought, to patch up the bits where the
original assumptions of the mailfrom or pra scopes respectively don't
quite match reality.

You seem to be correct that there hasn't been much discussion about how
they affect the operation of the overall scheme. In fact I think there
hasn't even been a lot of _thought_ about the implications.

Having considered the implications myself, I believe that the mere
_possibility_ of SRS or the header addition means that each of the
mailfrom and pra scopes becomes nothing more than a way to determine the
trustworthiness of the _individual_ mail host which is submitting the
mail in question.

There are better ways to determine the trustworthiness of a mail host,
without the requirement for the whole world to be 'upgraded'.


-- 
dwmw2



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David Woodhouse wrote:

>> Please, interpret posts correctly; the text I quoted had a double
>> ">>", indicating I was quoting the poster Terry quoted. So, relative
>> to "terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:", the ">>" was correct.
>
> Strictly speaking, I suppose Terry did indeed write that, and the
> original fault is indeed with him for not attributing correctly, and
> not including an attribution line which you in turn could include.
>
> But perhaps Mark you could have cleaned it up when you replied?

Yes, I could have. Will do.

>>> Hey, why don't we just reject all email with a null return path?
>>> That'll solve the backscatter problem! Who cares about reliability
>>> anyway?
>>
>> Very silly remark, in otherwise very silly post.
>
> You _do_ understand that this idea was the logical conclusion of your
> suggestion to use '-f nobody@...', and hence prevent the sender of the
> mail from getting any resulting bounces -- right?

I quoted that suggestion from the spf.pobox FAQ. :) I said I quoted it, but 
had not put additional quotation marks around it.

N.B. I do not think Meng really meant to litterally use "nobody@" in his 
example. He was, I believe, just demonstrating how one can easily change a 
..forward file, to achieve the necessary rewriting, without having to 
implement SRS.

P.S. I apologize for my somwhat crabby tone in my earlier posts today. Since 
you have been with SPF from a very early date too, I believe, I failed to 
see why the topic suddenly needed rehashing. But I had my say; I will step 
back a bit now, and let others have theirs.

Cheers,

- Mark

        System Administrator Asarian-host.org

---
"If you were supposed to understand it,
we wouldn't call it code." - FedEx



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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'David Woodhouse'" <dwmw2@infradead.org>, "'Chuck Mead'" <csm@redhat.com>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of David Woodhouse
> Sent: Wednesday, September 15, 2004 1:51 PM
> To: Chuck Mead
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately
> represents
> aflag day.
>
>
>
> Apologies for the previous empty post. I slipped while editing my
> quotation. At least I _do_ edit my quotations ;)
>
> On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 12:33 -0400, Chuck Mead wrote:
> > Ex: moongroup.com uses -all right now and has for some time
> without any
> > difficulties.
> >
> > I also recognize that other domains have different
> situations and for
> > them -all would not be an efficacious choice.
> >
> > I think we should "allow" the use of -all or ~all as the domain
> > administrators prefer based upon their own particular situation.
>
> My situation is that I am on the Earth, in 2004. In my
> situation, I can
> neither publish nor obey a record ending in ' -all' with a reasonable
> expectation that I would not be causing valid email to be rejected.
>
> I know not how the situation is different for you.

I have many "pointer" domains, used for marketing (websites and advertising) but for which emails
are never actually sent from.  It is *very* valid to use -all for those domains, as any email from
anywhere claiming to be from someone at one of those domains is definitely forged.

Publishing -all for those domains alone will save me some forgeries and bounce crap and virused
messages.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085




>
> --
> dwmw2
>



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:

> Having considered the implications myself, I believe that the mere
> _possibility_ of SRS or the header addition means that each of the
> mailfrom and pra scopes becomes nothing more than a way to determine the
> trustworthiness of the _individual_ mail host which is submitting the
> mail in question.

Right.  When you add SRS in to the equation, SPF Classic essentially
"degrades" in to CSV-like functionality.

-Rand



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Subject: Re: HELO and Unified
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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Jim Fenton wrote:

> Of course, this assumes that SUBMITTER is being checked.  In past 
> discussions on SUBMITTER, it hasn't been clear (to me) that this would 
> always be done.  Which makes me wonder how much value SUBMITTER has, 
> since it can then be spoofed to anything that works.
> 
> On the other hand, perhaps if the SUBMITTER address is checked against 
> (just) the From address, and if different the From address is rewritten 
> to make the SUBMITTER address that was used visible to the recipient, it 
> might be useful.

I'll remind that I posted a set of ideas to extend SUBMITTER in similar
way -  http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04726.html

I'd like to receive more comments about this as far its only been one 
public comment and 4 private ones (but all positive ones!).

Also it would be good if we had an answer from Pete Resnick regarding
interpretation of RFC2822 and how it applies to the the current marid-core
draft and its use of Resent-From headers by different types of 
forwarders and by mail lists. Such interpretation would help in deciding 
what the next steps should be in regards to the SenderID and Submitter.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Mark wrote:
>
> N.B. I do not think Meng really meant to litterally use "nobody@" in his
> example. He was, I believe, just demonstrating how one can easily change a
> ..forward file, to achieve the necessary rewriting, without having to
> implement SRS.

Whatever local part at the forwarding site is chosen, it will be wrong.
Changing the return path to some address at a site that the recipient
doesn't use is not a solution. Either the sender or the recipient needs to
be informed of any problems with email delivery; if the recipient's
address doesn't work the sender must be informed.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LOUGH FOYLE TO CARLINGFORD LOUGH: SOUTH 4 INCREASING 5 TO 7, PERHAPS GALE 8
LATER. OCCASIONAL RAIN. MODERATE OR GOOD, OCCASIONALLY POOR LATER. SLIGHT OR
MODERATE BECOMING ROUGH.



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On Wed, Sep 15, 2004 at 10:23:50AM +0100, David Woodhouse wrote:
> The use of '-all' in any such record makes the assumption that
> forwarding sites have _already_ upgraded. This is not realistic -- the
> date of publication would in effect be a 'flag day'. 

Why all the hassle. Let the people/market decide.

- if someone publishes -all and gets important mail bounced s/he can
  still decide to remove/change -all
- if someone uses forwards and doesn't receive emails any longer, s/he can 
  o  remove the forward
  o  ask the next next hop/destination to switch of SPF checks
  o  implement something as clumsy as SRS

This is something the users must decide and it will influence the
success of SPF, SRS or any other method like them. They break the
Internet mail infrastructure as it existed for more than 20 years,
we'll see how it will work out.

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
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Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
> 
> David Woodhouse wrote:
> 
>> On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 13:11 -0400, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
>>  
>>
>>> To be brutally honest, unless you are an executive or member of our 
>>> board of directors or an extremely important customer, I just don't 
>>> care that much from a business perspective if you don't get my email.   
>>
>>
>> That's perfectly reasonable. I understand your perspective. But that is
>> not an acceptable perspective for this working group, which must concern
>> itself with interoperability of the system as a worldwide whole.
>>
>> Without meaning disrespect by the precise choice of words in my
>> paraphrasing of your sentiment -- it is not acceptable for this working
>> group to codify a scheme whereby everyone can retreat into a corner and
>> say "I don't care if you don't get my mail, and I don't care that I
>> don't get yours".
>>
>>  
>>
> Agreed, but I also don't think it acceptable to say that nobody is 
> allowed to make that choice either.   A RECOMMENDED wording, in my mind, 
> would be much more fitting.
> 
> If you were to use a MUST NOT, what sort of limitation on it would you 
> propose?   "Implementors MUST NOT use '-all' until the IETF has 
> determined that 80% of all forwarders are compatible with the 
> specification"?   How would you make that determination?

Exactly... and since many domains could safely use -all right now how 
would saying "MUST NOT" advance the use of the protocol towards an 
eventual "flag day"? I expect that answer would be short. It won't.

For this reason I respectfully encourage the group to not choose the 
wording "MUST NOT" and "MAY NOT" with respect to implementation of -all. 
There has to be another way to make it clear that this *could* cause 
problems for domains choosing it as an option and yet still suggesting 
that once those problems are solved -all is suggested!

-- 
Chuck Mead <csm@redhat.com>
Instructor II (and resident Postfix bigot), GLS
Disclaimer: "It's Thursday and my name is Locutus of B0rk!"
Addendum: "Bwahahaha! Fire up the orbital mind-control lasers!"



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On Wed, Sep 15, 2004 at 06:15:59PM +0000, Mark wrote:
> N.B. I do not think Meng really meant to litterally use "nobody@" in his 
> example. He was, I believe, just demonstrating how one can easily change a 
> ..forward file, to achieve the necessary rewriting, without having to 
> implement SRS.

s/easily/brokenly/

I seen hundreds of mail loops where customers configure their Exchange
to pop3 their Mailboxes and then users have forwards to other domains.
Exchange rewrites to 2921.MAILFROM to the address of the user and
forwards the email through a outgoing relay (well behaved, use the
mailserver of your provider)
Funny things happen as soon as the destination host encounters an error
(mailbox full, message too large, ...) and a bounce is generated.
Yeah, this can be fixed by adding bounce Mailboxes for each and every
user and changing all existing software and have users query the double
number of mailboxes and then they will automate it and we'll start from
the beginning.
We could also just write a completely new mail system, maybe it would be
lesser hassle and deploy faster and be less broken ...

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"



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Subject: Re: HELO and Unified
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Daniel Quinlan wrote:

>> This cannot work since not all receivers can do SUBMITTER since
>> matching SUBMITTER to the message is patent-encumbered

Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> How did you come to this conclusion?

The submitter can put whatever value they want in the SUBMITTER field.
The receiver needs some way to associate the SUBMITTER value with the
RFC 2822 message or the check is not meaningful.  The method for
associating SUBMITTER is PRA and PRA is patent-encumbered.  Since Meng
presented two options and one can be used for everyone and other cannot
be used by everyone, the latter therefore doesn't satisfy the
requirement presented by Meng.

The associated requirement is that whatever non-PRA methods we define
(mail-from and helo, for example), we need some RFC 2822 header(s) that
MTAs can add so later stages (like MDA-based or MUA-based filters) have
access to the envelope data and, if it has already been done, the
result.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan                     ApacheCon! 13-17 November (3 SpamAssassin
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/  http://www.apachecon.com/  sessions & more)



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Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of
	23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
Cc: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>, Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>,
        IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 11:22 -0700, Rand Wacker wrote:
> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:
> 
> > Having considered the implications myself, I believe that the mere
> > _possibility_ of SRS or the header addition means that each of the
> > mailfrom and pra scopes becomes nothing more than a way to determine the
> > trustworthiness of the _individual_ mail host which is submitting the
> > mail in question.
> 
> Right.  When you add SRS in to the equation, SPF Classic essentially
> "degrades" in to CSV-like functionality.

That's twice you've said this of only 'mailfrom' scope, and it doesn't
seem to have been an accident.

It should be noted that the 'pra' scope, with the forwarders able to add
an arbitrary domain in whatever header is used in place of the 
'Resent-From:' header, has precisely the same characteristics.

-- 
dwmw2




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Subject: Re: HELO and Unified
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 10:43, Andrew Newton wrote:
> On Sep 15, 2004, at 12:48 PM, Tony Finch wrote:
> 
> > Checking SUBMITTER against a
> > Sender-ID record is equivalent to checking the PRA against a Sender-ID
> > record, which is covered by M$'s vague IPR claims.
> 
> Considering that there is no patent claim against the -submitter draft, 
> I find this really hard to believe.  If you believe this, then you 
> might as well believe that checking MAIL FROM against a DNS record is 
> covered by their claims.

Submitter information is not within a specific header.  Safe use of the
Submitter parameter requires the assertion affirmed (by way of the PRA
algorithm).

-Doug



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 07:13, Alan DeKok wrote: 
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > From the Latin authenticus- coming from the real author, of original or
> > first-hand authority.  It would be a mistake to apply this term to a
> > second-hand authority, as is the case with SPF or Sender-ID.
> 
>   I thought we were discussing security terms, not Latin.

We are discussing the difference between send control lists and
authentication.

> > Rather, this mailbox domain has authorized second-hand parties to
> > act on their behalf and claim this authorization has been validated.
> 
>   No.  The domain has published authentication information.  The
> SMTP server then uses this information to decide if it wants to
> authorize the SMTP client.

The domain has not published authentication information, as this
information is often not for hosts within their domain.  Should the
domain administrator wish mail forwarding to continue to operate, then
these send control lists must encompass the entire Internet.  How can
this list be described as authenticating anything?  In this case, it
would authenticate the entire Internet being within a domain!  This is
abusing the concept of authentication.

>   The SMTP server cannot authenticate the client, because it doesn't
> know who the client is.

The SMTP server knows the SMTP client has claimed to be the EHLO name. 
I would think this would be a good starting point.

>   The DNS server holding the records obtained by the SMTP server
> cannot authorize the SMTP client, because the SMTP client isn't asking
> that DNS server for permission to do anything.

The SMTP client is asking to send a message.
  
>   Security guards authorize people.  Corporate IT authenticates them.

Send control lists authorize SMTP routes without authenticating the
identity permitted traversal.  Sender-ID or SPF offer an expensive forms
of routing constraints using address based send control lists.  When
1000 identities are authorized to traverse an SMTP route, a transaction
may safely carry identification of any of those authorized, depending
upon the unknown configuration of each MTA or the unknown nature of the
send control list.  As there are potentially many send control lists
which apply, even the total number of possible identities remains
unknown.  Constraining traversal in no way offers authentication of
identity.  None what so ever!
 
> > It is not proper to claim an MTA, authorized to send messages with
> > my-small-business mailbox domain, is the same as being administered by
> > my-small-business.com.
> 
>   Which is why I never said that.
> 
> > > then it would
> > > be imprudent to label *all* domains at that MTA "bad", just because
> > > you authenticated the MTA via EHLO.
> > 
> > When the MTA administrator does not revoke access to abusive accounts,
> > why consider any message from this MTA to be valid?
> 
>   You're contradicting yourself.  Previously in this thread, you were
> opposed to labeling people with a "broad brush".  Now, you're
> claiming it's a good idea.

To refresh this point:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04648.html

|>   Shared services means shared accountability.  If the recipient is
|> unable to distinguish between a "good" party on a shared MTA and a
|> "bad" party, then by definition, both parties fall into the same
|> classification.
|
| Sharing an MTA is a highly effective method used by ISPs to abate abuse.
| Reserve painting this technique with such a broad brush.  This wide
| brush never uncovers an MTA that may be compromised or poorly
| administered.  Holding those unable to take immediate corrective action
| accountable will cause a most unwelcome backlash.  The party that must
| be held accountable is the entity administrating policies of the MTA. 
| That party is only identified by an authenticated EHLO domain or the IP
| address.

You are advocating Sender-ID or SPF identities are authenticated.  I
still claim this is a misuse of the term authenticate as this presumes
the integrity of the mail channel and the nature of the list.  I noted
the hazard making this assumption would cause with respect to harming
reputations of those that, through no action on their part, receive
negative assertions.

There are valid reasons people share an MTA server.  I do not think it
is wise to suggest any message which traverses an MTA authorized for a
particular mailbox-domain should claim this MTA is (or is within)
"mailbox-domain."  Nor, when the message is spam, treat this event
"as-if" mailbox-domain had actually been authenticated.

This accountability must be seen as a hierarchy.  It is not fair or
effective to give mailbox domains a bad reputation when an MTA
administrator fails to check send control lists, or has an MTA that
becomes compromised.  Blocking the spoofed mailbox domain does not
correct the problem, but instead makes worse problems for those not in
control of the MTA causing the problem.  This would allow a spoofer to
single out a few domains at a time while not disrupting general use of
the problematic MTA.  The only recourse for those harmed in this fashion
would be through litigation.  The problematic MTA is never blocked.

>   Thanks.  This lets me know your position isn't well-defined.

At least it is not understood. : )

-Doug




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To: Chuck Mead <csm@moongroup.com>
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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Chuck Mead wrote:

> Again I say... this is situationally dependent. Using "MUST NOT" in the
> spec is sending the wrong message. The right message is that the domain
> admin "MAY USE" -all if they chose based on their individual domain
> situation.

Would a SHOULD NOT be acceptable, with an appropriate note
explaining the pitfalls and why people need to be extremely
careful with the use of -all ?

Rik
-- 
"Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place.
Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are,
by definition, not smart enough to debug it." - Brian W. Kernighan



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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used
	immediatelyrepresentsaflagday.
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 18:15 +0000, Mark wrote:
> > But perhaps Mark you could have cleaned it up when you replied?
> 
> Yes, I could have. Will do.

Thank you. I appreciate it's hard to maintain a coherent conversation in
a forum where people insist on top-posting, omitting and mangling
attributions, and omitting References: headers. But we can only do our
best maintain an element of sanity.

-- 
dwmw2




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Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 16:46:21 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a  
         flag day.
From: "Chuck Mead" <csm@moongroup.com>
To: "Rik van Riel" <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: "David Woodhouse" <dwmw2@infradead.org>, "MARID" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Rik van Riel said:
> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, Chuck Mead wrote:
>
>> Again I say... this is situationally dependent. Using "MUST NOT" in the
>> spec is sending the wrong message. The right message is that the domain
>> admin "MAY USE" -all if they chose based on their individual domain
>> situation.
>
> Would a SHOULD NOT be acceptable, with an appropriate note
> explaining the pitfalls and why people need to be extremely
> careful with the use of -all ?

I see no reason why not. That sounds reasonable. In fact it's *MUCH* more
reasonable a statement than "MUST NOT" when the "MUST NOT" is so dependent
on a domain's individual technical situation.

--
csm@moongroup.com
Chief Tech and Bottle Washer



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From: Rand Wacker <rand@sendmail.com>
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To: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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On Wed, 15 Sep 2004, David Woodhouse wrote:

> > Right.  When you add SRS in to the equation, SPF Classic essentially
> > "degrades" in to CSV-like functionality.
>
> That's twice you've said this of only 'mailfrom' scope, and it doesn't
> seem to have been an accident.
>
> It should be noted that the 'pra' scope, with the forwarders able to add
> an arbitrary domain in whatever header is used in place of the
> 'Resent-From:' header, has precisely the same characteristics.

Not arbitrary, forwarders can only add domains they are authorized to add
in the Resent-From: header (if the receiver is checking the PRA).

The difference between adding headers and using SRS is that in order to
avoid blowing 64-byte localpart limit, SRS advocates that secondary
forwarding hops (anyone doing an SRS rewrite on an SRS0 address) remove
the interim hop information, so you really only do know the first hop a
message purported to take and the last hop it really did take.  By adding
Resent-From headers you can get some idea of the full path that a message
took, and if you trust different hops along the path to add the proper
checks then you can do some work to determine where a message came from
before it started along a chain you trust.

Of course, this is ludicrously complex, difficult to implement and manage,
and probably subject to creative spoofing somewhere.  If we want to admit
that none of the IP-based schemes can safely give us any assurance beyond
the most recent hop, then we should be working on systems that admit that
and don't try to reach beyond what they can really do by changing a
fundamentally important piece of envelope information like the bounce
address.

I personally believe that Sender ID gives a positive benefit in that its
going to allow people to positively identify a user-visible piece of
messages coming from certain sources for a large majority of real internet
traffic (direct site-to-site, no interim hops).  The IP-based solutions
won't allow many of us to outright reject forgeries at the border because
the risk of false positives introduced by forwarding and mail lists is
just too high, but they will allow us to remove uncertainty about the
legitimacy of messages that came directly to us.

To get end-to-end security we will have to use crypto, and I think
everyone here would agree with that.

-Rand



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 18:38:34 2004
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately representsaflag day. 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 15 Sep 2004 17:12:48 BST."
             <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409151705170.25242@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk> 
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 18:18:49 -0400
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Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote:
> On Wed, 15 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:
> >
> > Another way of looking at it is, if the receiver wants to forward other
> > (valid) email address(es) to his/her actual email address, the onus is
> > on the recipient to ensure that the MTA doing the forward on his/her
> > behalf has the necessary mechanisms.

  That sounds reasonable to me.

> Most recipients are not capable of doing so, and most forwarding sites do
> not have the necessary mechanisms.

  It's probably easier to deploy fixes to forwarding sites than to
deploy SPF/Sender-Id to the whole net.  In all the discussion about
multi-hop message forwarding, I never understood why it was a good
thing for the final recipient to bypass all of the intermediate hops
for any bounce.

  I would say that deploying fixes to forwarding sites, so that they
properly forward messages, is outside of the scope of MARID, but none
the less is a topic which should be explored.  Once those sites are
fixed, many current objections to MARID protocols & deployment would
disappear.

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 18:40:56 2004
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just a friendly reminder from the co-chairs:

	if you're sending more than three emails a day to this mailing
	list, then you need to start using flow control.

there are, of course, exceptions to every rule; however, in the last 
week, there have been far too many people operating in burst mode...

/mtr



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 19:02:05 2004
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Subject: Re: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a
	flag	day.
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Chuck Mead <csm@redhat.com>
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 11:49, Chuck Mead wrote:
> Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
> > David Woodhouse wrote:
> >> On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 13:11 -0400, Kevin Peuhkurinen wrote:
> >>
> >>> To be brutally honest, unless you are an executive or member of our 
> >>> board of directors or an extremely important customer, I just don't 
> >>> care that much from a business perspective if you don't get my email.   
> >>
> >> That's perfectly reasonable. I understand your perspective. But that is
> >> not an acceptable perspective for this working group, which must concern
> >> itself with interoperability of the system as a worldwide whole.
> >>
> >> Without meaning disrespect by the precise choice of words in my
> >> paraphrasing of your sentiment -- it is not acceptable for this working
> >> group to codify a scheme whereby everyone can retreat into a corner and
> >> say "I don't care if you don't get my mail, and I don't care that I
> >> don't get yours".
> >
> > Agreed, but I also don't think it acceptable to say that nobody is 
> > allowed to make that choice either.   A RECOMMENDED wording, in my mind, 
> > would be much more fitting.
> > 
> > If you were to use a MUST NOT, what sort of limitation on it would you 
> > propose?   "Implementors MUST NOT use '-all' until the IETF has 
> > determined that 80% of all forwarders are compatible with the 
> > specification"?   How would you make that determination?
> 
> Exactly... and since many domains could safely use -all right now how 
> would saying "MUST NOT" advance the use of the protocol towards an 
> eventual "flag day"? I expect that answer would be short. It won't.
> 
> For this reason I respectfully encourage the group to not choose the 
> wording "MUST NOT" and "MAY NOT" with respect to implementation of -all. 
> There has to be another way to make it clear that this *could* cause 
> problems for domains choosing it as an option and yet still suggesting 
> that once those problems are solved -all is suggested!

Review the marid-mpr draft.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-otis-marid-mpr-00.txt

With MPR, not asserting a restrictive list (exclusive source) does not
invite spoofing as a means of usurping a domain's reputation, as would
be a problem with such lists in either Sender-ID or SPF.  MPR depends
upon the initial step of using CSV to establish a truly authenticated
MTA name.  From this point, it becomes a simple matter of creating a
name list of EHLO names which normally send mail for mailbox.dom. (This 
takes advantage of built-in name compression and does not need to double
enter addresses or perform added queries to obtain an address.)
  
   _mp.smtp.mailbox.dom.  IN PTR mailbox.dom.
   _mp.smtp.mailbox.dom.  IN PTR our-access-provider.com.
   _mp.smtp.mailbox.dom.  IN PTR ads-r-us.com.
 
This would need a single DNS lookup to obtain the EHLO name list and NO
MTA addresses are required!  A message sent from the MTA
EHLO=mx003.bulkmail.ads-r-us.com would be seen as authorized to send
mail for mailbox.dom.

By using the CSV authenticated MTA name for reputation services and
assertions, this does not burden the mailbox domain MTA send control
lists with a danger of being exploited.  It also does not require an
indeterminate number of DNS queries to resolve.

MPR however allows big-bank.com to constrain their list of EHLO names
for RFC2822 From: xxxx@big-bank.com to be the exclusive source of their
mail.  The receiving MTA or MUA could use this information to either
"color" the mail, or in the case of the exclusivity assertion, then
these agents may even reject the message.  I would expect this rejection
behavior would need to a user based option.

This reintroduces protection once only somewhat available with Sender-ID
and the PRA algorithm.  The major different between MPR and the PRA
algorithm is that the field selection is both better authenticated and
better defined.  In the case of MPR, the authenticated EHLO should be
visible to the user within the MUA to avoid phishing and spoofing as an
additional precaution in newer MUAs.

(If only Outlook would forward mail without stripping the headers, and
then there would also be a simple means to report spam.)

Instead of using BATV, the EHLO name list could be defined as the
exclusive source for RFC2821 MAIL FROM.  I feel BATV remains a better
solution, but offered this to show how the SPF type of operation could
be implemented using this approach.

-Doug 

 









From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 19:06:18 2004
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 15 Sep 2004 13:31:45 PDT."
             <1095280305.30159.217.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> 
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 18:37:44 -0400
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> >   I thought we were discussing security terms, not Latin.
> 
> We are discussing the difference between send control lists and
> authentication.

  Side-lines into :atin, and what words meant 2000 years ago aren't
helpful.  If they were, we wouldn't be using the letter "j", and we
would be pronouncing "v" as "w".

> To refresh this point:
> http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04648.html

  My point then, as now is:

  - Entities who have information should use it to make decisions.
  - Entities who do not have information cannot use it to make decisions.

> You are advocating Sender-ID or SPF identities are authenticated.  I
> still claim this is a misuse of the term authenticate as this presumes
> the integrity of the mail channel and the nature of the list.

  It presumes that the entities publishing those records have read the
specification of the protocol they're implementing, and understand
it's costs and benefits.  The meaning of those records is as defined
in the specifications, nothing more, or less.

> I noted the hazard making this assumption would cause with respect
> to harming reputations of those that, through no action on their
> part, receive negative assertions.

  Again, your focus is on reputations and negative assertions.  Mine
is not.

  http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04818.html

  Your response to that message didn't acknowledge that my goals are
different from yours.  While I understand very well your concerns
about negative reputations, I do not see reputations as the primary
goal of SPF, Sender-ID, or the MARID WG.  Instead, what's important is
the ability of a domain to publish a list of authentic outgoing MTA's.

  Reputation systems are secondary to the primary goal, and are
piggy-backed on top of it.  I don't see a need to discuss MARID-based
reputation systems until such time as we have a clear specification of
not only an MTA authentication system using DNS, but also the costs
and benefits of using such a system.

  If that MTA authentication system is correct and useful, then
reputation systems can be built on top of it.  If the MTA
authentication system is not correct or useful, then any reputation
systems which depend on it will be likewise useless.

  Alan DeKok.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 19:48:37 2004
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To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: HELO and Unified
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 01:16:32 +0200
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Matthew Elvey wrote:

>> we have been asked by the DNS people to refrain from putting
>> additional load on the PTR system if possible.

> Oh, I missed that request.  A pointer and/or quote would be
> appreciated if it wasn't made on this list.

<http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.mxcomp/2707/match=apnic>

                          Bye, Frank




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 21:19:42 2004
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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: Interpreting "v=spf1"
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 02:50:41 +0200
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Margaret Olson wrote:

> No. If the standard supports spf1 then spf1 must mean
> *exactly* what it means today. Otherwise you are just
> introducing chaos.

Seconded.  There is no "PRA" in all existing "v=spf1"
policies.  There is a "HELO" in draft-mengwong-spf-01.txt

Partially optional on the side of the receiver, if I read
this correctly.  But no nonsense on the side of the sender
(or rather the domain owner = author of the v=spf1 policy).

One of our co-chairs proposed that we shouldn't discuss CSV
and HELO before we are ready with spf2.0/mailfrom.  In that
stage an old v=spf1 policy can be handled as spf2.0/mailfrom.

If a HELO scope is added later, and if it's still essentially
the same as in v=spf1, then a v=spf1 policy could be handled
as spf2.0/mailfrom,helo.  But not as PRA.

                          Bye, Frank




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Subject: FTC Email Authentication Summit Nov 9,10 Washington DC
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FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION Email Authentication Summit AGENCIES:

The Federal Trade  Commission (ŒŒFTC¹¹ or the  ŒŒCommission¹¹) and the
National  Institute of Standards and Technology  (ŒŒNIST¹¹), United States
Department of  Commerce. ACTION: Notice announcing email  authentication
summit, request for  comments, and solicitation of requests  to participate.

DATES: The Email Authentication  Summit will be held on November 9­10,
2004, from 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. at the  Federal Trade Commission,
Satellite Building, 601 New Jersey Ave., NW.,  Washington, DC 20001. The
event is  open to the public, and there is no fee  for attendance.
Pre-registration is not  required.

Details are below which are a lot easier to read in PDF document available
on:

http://cdhutzler.myphotos.cc/~hutz/FTCSenderAUTH.pdf




Comments: Written comments should  be submitted on or before September 30,
2004. For further information, please see  the ŒŒRequest for Comments¹¹
section of  this Notice.  Participants: Written Requests to  Participate in
the Email Authentication  Summit must be filed by September 30,  2004. For
further information, please see  the ŒŒRequests to Participate¹¹ section of
this Notice. Parties submitting Requests  to Participate will be notified by
October 15, 2004, if they have been  selected. ADDRESSES: Written comments
should  be identified as ŒŒEmail Authentication  Summit-Comments,¹¹ and
written  requests to participate in the Email  Authentication Summit should
be  identified as ŒŒEmail Authentication  Summit-Request to Participate.¹¹
Written  Comments and Requests to Participate  should be submitted to:
Secretary,  Federal Trade Commission, Room 159­ H (Annex V), 600
Pennsylvania Ave.,  NW., Washington, DC 20580. If  submitting in paper form,
parties must  submit an original and three copies of  each document. The FTC
requests that  any comment filed in paper form be sent  by courier or
overnight service, since  U.S. postal mail in the Washington area  and at
the Commission is subject to  delay due to heightened security  precautions.
In the alternative, parties may email  Comments and Requests to Participate
to authenticationsummit@ftc.gov. To  ensure that the Commission considers
an electronic comment, you must file it  with the FTC at this email address.
For further requirements concerning  the filing of Comments and Requests to
Participate, please see the Request for  Comments and Requests to
Participate  sections of this Notice. FORFURTHERINFORMATIONCONTACT:  Sana D.
Coleman, Attorney, (202) 326­ 2249. A detailed agenda and additional
information on the Email  Authentication Summit will be posted  on the FTC¹s
Website, http:// www.ftc.gov, by November 7, 2004. SUPPLEMENTARYINFORMATION:
Section A. Introduction  In the Commission¹s June 15, 2004  National Do Not
Email Registry Report  to Congress, the Commission explained  that
significant security, enforcement,  practical, and technical challenges
rendered a registry an ineffective  solution to the spam problem.1The
Report, however, identified domainlevel authentication as a promising
technological development that would  enable Internet Service Providers
(ŒŒISPs¹¹) and other domain holders to  better filter spam, and that would
provide law enforcement with a potent  tool for locating and identifying
spammers. The Report concluded that  the Commission could play an active
role in spurring the market¹s  development, testing, evaluation, and
deployment of domain-level  authentication systems. As a first step,  the
Report explained that the  Commission, with other relevant  government
agencies, would host an  Email Authentication Summit in the  Fall of 2004.
This Federal Register  Notice explains that the Commission  and the
Department of Commerce¹s  National Institute of Standards and  Technology
(ŒŒNIST¹¹) will be hosting the  Summit on November 9­10, 2004, asks  for
comments on a number of issues  concerning email authentication  standards,
and solicits requests to  participate in the Summit. Section B. Background
The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol  (ŒŒSMTP¹¹), the Internet protocol for the
email system, allows information to  travel freely with relative anonymity
and ease. SMTP facilitates the  proliferation of spam by making it  possible
and cost-efficient for  illegitimate marketers to send spam to  billions of
email accounts worldwide,  while allowing them to hide their  identities and
the origins of their email  messages.  Spammers use many techniques to
hide, including ŒŒspoofing,¹¹ open relays,  open proxies, and ŒŒzombie
drones,¹¹  including ŒŒzombie nets.¹¹ First,  spammers use spoofing to
falsify header  information and hide their identities.  This technique
disguises an email to  make it appear to come from an address  other than
the one from which it  actually comes. A spammer can falsify  portions of
the header or the entire  header. The SMTP system facilitates  this practice
because it does not require  accurate routing information except for  the
intended recipient of the email. By  failing to require accurate sender
identification, SMTP allows spammers  to send email without accountability,
often disguised as personal email. A  spammer can send out millions of
spoofed messages, but any bounced  messages‹messages returned as
undeliverable‹or complaints stemming  from the spoofed emails will only go
to  the person whose address was spoofed.  The spammer never has to deal
with  them. As a result, an innocent email  user¹s inbox may become flooded
with  undeliverable messages and angry,  reactive email, and the innocent
user¹s  Internet service may be shut off due to  the volume of complaints.
Second, many spammers use open  relays to disguise the origin of their
email. A computer must be connected to  a mail server to send or receive
mail.  When someone sends an email message  using an email server that is
ŒŒsecure,¹¹  the mail server¹s software checks to  make sure that the
sender¹s computer  and email account are authorized to use  that server. If
this authorization is in  order, then the server sends the email.  If the
computer and email account are  not listed as authorized, the server
refuses to accept and send the email  message. On the other hand, if a mail
server is not secure, i.e., some of its  settings allow it to stay open, it
will  forward email even though the sender is  not an authorized user of
that server. An  open server is called an open relay  because it will accept
and transfer email  on behalf of any user anywhere. Spammers who use open
relays  effectively bypass the email servers to  which their computers are
connected.  Once the spam passes through an open  relay, a routing header
from that server  is added to the email. Thus, the email  will appear as if
it originated from the  relay mail server. This allows spammers  to obscure
their tracks, making it  difficult to trace the path their message  takes
from sender to recipient.  Third, many spammers use ŒŒopen  proxies.¹¹ They
began doing this after  ISPs and other mail server operators  realized the
negative impact of open  relays and made efforts to identify and  close
them. Most organizations have  multiple computers on their networks,  but
have a smaller number of proxy  servers that are the only machines on  the
network that directly interact with  the Internet. This system provides more
efficient web browsing for the users  within that organization and secures
the  organization¹s network against  unauthorized Internet users from
outside the organization. If the proxy is  not configured properly, it is
considered  to be ŒŒopen,¹¹ and may allow an  unauthorized Internet user to
connect  through it to other hosts (computers that  control communications
in a network or  administer databases) on the Internet.  Fourth, the most
recent escalation in  this cat-and-mouse game involves the  exploitation of
millions of home  2SMTP, its abuse by spammers, and the benefits  of
domain-level authentication are discussed in  detail in the Commission¹s
June 2004 National Do  Not Email Registry Report to Congress, available at
http://www.ftc.gov/reports/dneregistry/report.pdf. computers, using
malicious viruses,  worms, or ŒŒTrojans.¹¹ These infections,  often sent via
spam, turn any computer  into an open or compromised proxy  called ŒŒzombie
drones.¹¹ When large  collections of zombie drones are under  centralized
command, they are called  ŒŒzombie nets.¹¹ Once a computer is  infected with
one of these programs, a  spammer can remotely hijack and send  spam from
that computer. Spammers  target home computers with high speed  Internet
connections, such as DSL or  cable modem lines, that are poorly  secured.
Spam sent via zombie drones  will appear to originate (and actually  will
originate) from these infected  computers. This practice is all the more
pernicious because users often do not  know that their home computers are
infected. The outgoing spam does not  show up in their outbox. Once an ISP
realizes spam is coming from one of its  customer¹s machines, the ISP must
shut  off the customer¹s Internet service even  though the customer had no
knowledge  that the spammer was using his or her  machine.  Obfuscatory
techniques such as  spoofing, open relays, open proxies, and  zombie drones
make it more difficult for  ISPs to locate spammers. When ISPs and  domain
holders implement technologies  designed to stop one exploitative
technique, spammers quickly adapt,  finding new methods to avoid detection.
If the cloak of anonymity were removed,  however, spammers could not operate
with impunity. ISPs and domain  holders could filter spam more  effectively,
and the government and  ISPs could more effectively identify and  prosecute
spammers who violate the  Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited
Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003  (the ŒŒCAN­SPAM Act¹¹), 15 U.S.C.
7708, or other statutes.2 To remove this cloak of anonymity,  ISPs and
others involved with the email  system have proposed domain-level
authentication systems‹systems that  would enable a receiving mail server to
verify that an email message actually  came from the sender¹s purported
domain. In other words, if a message  claimed to be from abc@ftc.gov, the
private market authentication proposals  would authenticate that the message
came from the domain ŒŒftc.gov,¹¹ but  would not authenticate that the
message  came from the particular email address  ŒŒabc¹¹ at this domain.
There are two well-publicized private  market authentication proposals,
ŒŒSender ID¹¹ and ŒŒDomainKeys.¹¹ Sender  ID, a combination of an earlier
proposed  authentication standard called SPF  (ŒŒsender policy framework¹¹)
and  Microsoft¹s ŒŒCaller ID for Email,¹¹ would  require senders of email to
list the IP  addresses from which they send email  in the domain name system
(the ŒŒDNS  system¹¹). Receiving servers would  compare the IP addresses
listed in a  message¹s header with those listed in  the DNS system to
determine if the  message was coming from an  authenticated IP address.
DomainKeys uses public key/private  key cryptography to authenticate email
messages. A domain that sends email  would create a public/private key pair
and post the public key in the DNS  system. For each message, the sending
domain would generate a digital  signature by applying the private key
algorithm to the entire message. The  sending domain would then add the
digital signature in the message¹s  header. The receiving mail server would
then use the public key to verify that the  digital signature was generated
by the  matching private key.  While Sender ID and DomainKeys are  the best
known of the proposed  authentication standards, other  participants in the
email system have  proposed or intend to propose other  domain-level
authentication standards.  For example, this Fall, the Internet  Engineering
Task Force, the Internet¹s  standards setting body, is expected to  forward
an SPF-modeled authentication  standard to one of its internal  committees,
the Internet Engineering  Steering Group, which will decide  whether to
accept any such SPF-based  model as a proposed or experimental  standard or
send it back for revision.  To encourage the development,  testing,
evaluation and implementation  of domain-level authentication systems,  the
Commission will conduct a two-day  Email Authentication Summit. This  Summit
will be co-sponsored with  NIST. The Summit will be held on  November 9­10,
2004 in Washington,  DC. The purpose of the Summit is to  facilitate a
discussion among  technologists from ISPs, businesses and  individuals who
operate their own mail  servers, computer scientists, and other  interested
parties regarding  technological challenges of the various  authentication
proposals, the ability of  small ISPs and domain holders to  participate in
the authentication  systems, the costs associated with the  various
proposals, the international  implications associated with the  proposals,
and other issues that impact  the time frame for and viability and
effectiveness of wide-scale adoption of  domain-level authentication systems
for  email. Section C. Request for Comments  Parties who wish to submit
written  comments addressing the Email  Authentication Summit must do so by
September 30, 2004. Written comments  may be filed in either paper or
electronic form. Written comments  should refer to ŒŒEmail Authentication
Summit‹Comments, (Matter Number  P044411)¹¹ to facilitate the organization
of comments. A comment filed in paper  form should include this reference
both  in the text and on the envelope, and the  original and three copies
should be  mailed or delivered to the following  address: Federal Trade
Commission/ Office of the Secretary, Room 159­H  (Annex V), 600 Pennsylvania
Avenue,  NW., Washington, DC 20580. If the  comment contains any material
for  which confidential treatment is  requested, it must be filed in paper
(rather than electronic) form, and the  first page of the document must be
clearly labeled ŒŒConfidential.¹¹ The FTC  is requesting that any comment
filed in  paper form be sent by courier or  overnight service, if possible,
because  U.S. postal mail in the Washington area  and at the Commission is
subject to  delay due to heightened security  precautions. Comments filed in
electronic form (except comments  containing any confidential material)
should be sent to the following email  box: authenticationsummit@ftc.gov.
Written comments may address the  issues identified below and any other
issues in connection with the adoption  and implementation of any of the
proposed authentication standards.  1. Whether any of the proposed
authentication standards (either alone or  in conjunction with other
existing  technologies) would result in a  significant decrease in the
amount of  spam received by consumers.  2. Whether any of the proposed
authentication standards would require  modification of the current Internet
protocols and whether any such  modification would be technologically  and
practically feasible.  3. Whether any of the proposed  authentication
standards would  function with the software and  hardware currently used by
senders and  recipients of email and operators of  sending and receiving
email servers. If  not, what additional software or  hardware would the
sender and  recipient need, how much it would cost,  whether it would be
required or  optional, and where it would be  obtained.  4. How operators of
receiving email  servers are likely to handle unauthenticated messages.  5.
Whether any of the proposed  authentication standards could result in  email
being incorrectly labeled as  authenticated or unauthenticated (false
negatives and false positives), and the  steps that could be taken to limit
such  occurrences.  6. Whether the authentication  standards are mutually
exclusive or  interoperable. Whether any of the  proposed authentication
standards  would integrate with any other  standards. For example, if Mail
Server A  is using standard X, will it accept email  easily from Mail Server
B that is using  standard Y?  7. Whether any of the proposed  authentication
standards would have to  be an open standard (i.e., a standard  with
specifications that are public).  8. Whether any of the proposed
authentication standards are proprietary  and/or patented.  9. Whether any
of the proposed  authentication standards would require  the use of goods or
services protected by  intellectual property laws.  10. How any of the
proposed  authentication standards would treat  email forwarding services.
11. Whether any of the proposed  authentication standards would have  any
implications for mobile users (e.g.,  users who may be using a laptop
computer, an email-enabled mobile  phone, or other devices, and who
legitimately send email from email  addresses that are not administratively
connected with their home domain).  12. Whether any of the proposed
authentication standards would have  any implications for roving users
(i.e.,  users who are obliged to use a thirdparty submission service when
unable  to connect to their own submission  service).  13. Whether any of
the proposed  authentication standards would affect  the use of mailing
lists.  14. Whether any of the proposed  authentication standards would have
any implications for outsourced email  services.  15. Whether any of the
proposed  authentication standards would have an  impact on multiple
apparent  responsible identities (e.g., in cases  where users send email
using their  Internet Service Provider¹s SMTP  network but have their
primary email  account elsewhere).  16. Whether any of the proposed
authentication standards would have an  impact on web-generated email.  17.
Whether the proposed  authentication standards are scalable.  Whether the
standards are  computationally difficult such that  scaling over a certain
limit becomes  technologically impractical. Whether  the standards are
monetarily expensive  due to hardware and resource issues so  that scaling
over a certain limit becomes  impractical. 18. Identify any costs that would
arise  as a result of implementing any of the  proposed authentication
standards, and  identify who most likely would bear  these costs (e.g.,
large ISPs, small ISPs,  consumers, or email marketers).  19. Whether ISPs
that do not  participate in an authentication regime  would face any
challenges providing  email services. If so, what types of  challenges these
ISPs would face and  whether these challenges would in any  way prevent them
from continuing to be  able to provide email services.  20. Whether an
Internet-wide  authentication system could be adopted  within a reasonable
amount of time.  Description of industry and standardsetting efforts,
whether there is an  implementation schedule in place and,  if so, the time
frames of the  implementation schedule.  21. Whether any of the
authentication  standards would delay current email  transmission times,
burden current  computer mechanisms, or otherwise  adversely affect the ease
of email use by  consumers.  22. Whether any of the proposed  authentication
standards would impact  the ability of consumers to engage in  anonymous
political speech.  23. Whether any safeguards are  necessary to ensure that
the adoption of  an industry-wide authentication  standard does not run
afoul of the  antitrust laws.  24. Whether a spammer or hacker  could
compromise any of the proposed  authentication standards by using, for
example, zombie drones, spoofing of  originating IP addresses, misuse of
public/private key cryptography, or  other means.  25. Whether any of the
proposed  authentication systems would prevent  ŒŒphishing,¹¹ a form of
online identity  theft.  26. Whether the operators of small  ISPs and
business owners would have  the technical capacity to use any of the
proposed authentication standards.  Whether any of the authentication
standards could be reasonably  implemented by smaller ISPs.  27. Whether any
of the proposed  authentication standards would have  cross-border
implications.  28. Whether any of the proposed  authentication standards
would require  an international civil cryptographic  standard or other
internationally  adopted standard and, if so, the  implications of this
requirement.  29. Description of how the Email  Authentication Summit can
support  industry or standard-setting efforts.  30. Assuming a domain-level
authentication system is established in  the near term, future measures that
the  private market should develop and  implement in order to combat spam.
Section D. Requests To Participate  Parties who wish to participate in the
Email Authentication Summit must  notify the FTC and NIST in writing of
their interest by September 30, 2004  either by mail to the Secretary of the
FTC or by email to  authenticationsummit@ftc.gov. The  Request to
Participate must include a  statement setting forth the requesting  party¹s
expertise in or knowledge of any  or all of the issues identified in the
Request for Comments section of this  Notice and their contact information,
including a telephone number, facsimile  number, and email address (if
available), to enable the FTC to notify  them if they are selected. Requests
to  participate as a panelist should be  captioned ŒŒEmail Authentication
Summit‹Request to Participate, (Matter  Number P044411), and should be filed
in the same manner as prescribed for  written comments in the ŒŒRequest for
Comments¹¹ section. For requests filed  in paper form, an original and three
copies of each document should be  provided. Panelists will be notified on
or before October 15, 2004, whether  they have been selected.  Using the
following criteria, the FTC  and NIST staff will select a limited  number of
participants: 1. The party submitted a complete Request  to Participate by
September 30, 2004.  2. The party has expertise in or knowledge  of some or
all of the issues that are the focus  of the Summit.  3. The party¹s
participation would promote  the representation of a balance of interests at
the Summit. If it is necessary to limit the number  of participants, parties
who request to  participate but are not selected may be  afforded an
opportunity, if at all  possible, to present statements during a  limited
time period. The time allotted  for these statements will be based on the
amount of time necessary for discussion  of the issues by the selected
parties and  on the number of persons wishing to  make statements.

Section E. Availability of Comments  and Requests To Participate as
Panelists  The FTC Act and other laws the  Commission administers permit the
collection of public comments and  requests to participate as panelists, to
consider and use in this proceeding as  appropriate. All timely and
responsive  public comments and requests to  participate, whether filed in
paper or  electronic form, will be considered by  the Commission, and will
be available  to the public on the FTC website, to the  extent practicable,
at http://www.ftc.gov.  As a matter of discretion, the FTC makes  every
effort to remove home contact  information for individuals from the  public
comments and requests to  participate it receives before placing  those
comments on the FTC website.  More information, including routine  uses
permitted by the Privacy Act, may  be found in the FTC¹s privacy policy, at
http://www.ftc.gov/ftc/privacy.htm. By direction of the Commission.  Donald
S. Clark,  Secretary. [FR Doc. 04­20839 Filed 9­14­04; 8:45 am]  BILLING
CODE 6750­01­P provider payment rates or coverage  policy. DATES: September
24, 2004, 8 a.m.­3  p.m. e.d.t. ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held at  HHS
headquarters at 200 Independence  Ave., SW., 20201, Room 425A.  Comments:
The meeting will allocate  time on the agenda to hear public  comments. In
lieu of oral comments,  formal written comments may be  submitted for the
record to Andrew  Cosgrove, OASPE, 200 Independence  Ave., SW., 20201, Room
443F.8. Those  submitting written comments should  identify themselves and
any relevant  organizational affiliations. FORFURTHERINFORMATIONCONTACT:
Andrew Cosgrove (202) 205­8681,  andrew.cosgrove@hhs.gov. Note:  Although
the meeting is open to the  public, procedures governing security
procedures and the entrance to Federal  buildings may change without notice.
Those wishing to attend the meeting  should call or e-mail Mr. Cosgrove by
September 17, 2004, so that their name  may be put on a list of expected
attendees and forwarded to the security  Dated: September 8, 2004.  Michael
J. O¹Grady,  Assistant Secretary for Planning and  Evaluation. [FR Doc.
04­20736 Filed 9­14­04; 8:45 am]  BILLING CODE 4150­05­P

-- 
Carl Hutzler
Director, AntiSpam Operations
America Online Mail Operations
cdhutzler@aol.com
703.265.5521 work
703.915.6862 cell




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 15 22:53:45 2004
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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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Jim Lyon wrote:

 [2822 interpretation of Resent-*]
> This sense of "forwarding" is normally activated by a user
> pressing a "Forward" button in a UI (or similar action.) I
> completely agree that "Resent-From" has no place in this
> sense of forwarding.

That covers MIME types like message/rfc822, multipart/digest,
or maybe the proposed application/mbox, where original mails
are "forwarded" as part of the body, as complete as possible.

It's not exactly the sense of "forward" in Outlook, which is
IMHO no "forward" at all.  And that might be the explanation
for the Resent-* headers:

These headers already existed before MIME, in RfC 822.  So my
guess is that they were used in situations where today anybody
(minus Outlook and pre-MIME MUAs) uses message/rfc822:

 [Std 11, 4.7]
| Some systems permit mail recipients to  forward  a  message,
| retaining  the original headers, by adding some new fields.
| This standard supports such a service, through the "Resent-"
| prefix to field names.

| Whenever the string "Resent-" begins a field name, the field
| has  the  same  semantics as a field whose name does not have
| the prefix.  However, the message is assumed to have  been
| forwarded by  an original recipient who attached the
| "Resent-" field.  This new field is treated as being more
| recent  than  the  equivalent, original  field.   For
| example, the "Resent-From", indicates the person that
| forwarded the message, whereas the "From" field indicates the
| original author.

> It would probably be a good idea for Pete Resnick (editor of
> RFC 2822) to chime in on this interpretation.

Maybe it's just a case of RfC 2822 trying to fix something in
Std  11, and the result is not always clearer than the original
text.  We have the author of RfC 822 here, he won't let us
stray too far away from the real meaning of Resent-* headers.

                        Bye, Frank




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep 16 01:28:11 2004
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: AOL on Sender I.D..
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 21:54:39 -0700
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I gather this is a "no" vote?:

"AOL Dumps Sender ID"

http://www.internetnews.com/xSP/article.php/3408601

" AOL (Quote, Chart) has withdrawn its support for Microsoft's 
controversial Sender ID technology and is falling back on Sender Policy 
Framework (SPF), internetnews.com has learned.

  "Given recent concerns expressed by the Internet Engineering Task 
Force (IETF), coupled with the tepid support for Sender ID in the open 
source community, AOL has decided to move forward with SPF," Nicholas 
Graham, AOL spokesperson, told internetnews.com via e-mail.

  Microsoft was not available for comment at press time.

  Despite the bombshell decision, the world's top ISP isn't completely 
severing its ties to Sender ID: The company still will publish Sender 
ID files so its users' e-mails are compliant with Sender ID-enabled 
servers and applications. But it's enough of a vote of no confidence in 
Microsoft's e-mail authentication strategy to warrant concern for 
Sender ID proponents."

Full story at link above.

Anne



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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 00:11:24 -0700
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>>> Very small senders won't have the volume to create a statistically
>>> significant reputation. But if they are accredited ("this is a shoe
>>> shop, established in 1985, uses good practices") and the reputation
>>> data is essentially empty, then you know something.
>>
>> Basically what you're saying is that accreditation is a form of
>> using someone else's reputation?
>>
> Yes.
>

That is certainly one aspect of accreditation, and an important one.  
For example, small publishers of newsletters often have problems in 
this regard because they simply are below the radar, which isn't always 
a good thing in this context.  Cf. Lockergnome and This Is True as 
examples of newsletter publishers who are listed in IADB, but simply 
aren't big enough to have created a widespread reputation on their own 
- or to afford to play with the big boy in being listed in Habeas or 
Bonded Sender.

But that isn't even the primary benefit of a system like IADB.

Relying solely on reputation doesn't really get a lot of receivers 
where they want to be, although it certainly does get some where they 
want to be.  For one thing, if someone isn't listed in Habeas or Bonded 
Sender, and isn't listed in a blocklist - or you don't use an external 
blocklist (as many ISPs now don't) then you know _nothing_ about the 
sender.  Even if they are listed with Habeas or Bonded Sender, you 
still don't know anything about them other than that either they signed 
a contract saying they wouldn't send non-compliant email through the 
listed IPs (Habeas), or they met Bonded Sender's requirements and were 
willing to put up $ against any spam complaint.

In short, what you know about the sender is once-removed - you only 
know what their relationship with the reputation agency is, not 
anything in particular about the sender.

With an accreditation database, you have the ability to learn factual 
information *about the sender*.  Is their mailing list email from this 
IP address all confirmed opt-in?  Opt-out?  Do they publish SPF 
records? Are they listed with Bonded Sender or Habeas (in IADB that 
becomes another datapoint - but not a "vouch" for them - i.e. it is 
additional information which, coupled with all the other information 
available, helps you to have a better picture of the sender).

And then IADB2 takes all this information and rolls it into one 
aggregate score, so if you prefer a weighted single score to individual 
bits of data, you can have that too.

It's kind of like having DNS access to the Consumer Reports of email 
senders.

Again, if you haven't, before you judge based on preconceived notions, 
please read

http://www.isipp.com/iadb.php
http://www.isipp.com/codes.php  and
http://www.isipp.com/codelist.php

Anne



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep 16 04:28:12 2004
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Friends -

I've submitted two drafts:

draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03

   Major Changes
   * scopes added (replacing ver-ext)
   * RR Type logic reversed to -00 rules:
     - compliant publish can publish either or both
     - if both are published must be identical
     - compliant receivers can query for either
     - if both are returned, then SPF must be used
   * Fixed RFC 2119 language and usage
   * RR name changed from SPF2 to SPF
   * DNS query results are now referenced by RCODE (From RFC 1045)

   Descriptive Changes
   * New title: "The SPF Record Format and Sender-ID Protocol"
     - yes, now it really DOES describe a protocol!
   * New abstract
   * New introduction that sets out the SenderID framework

   Minor Changes
   * Removed 'p' from deprecated list of macros, 'cause it's not
   * CIDR length defaulting text clarified (section 4.6)
   * Clarifications in the text about DNS lookups for PTR and MX 
mechanisms
   * Minor changes to the ABNF (no changes to legal parses)
   * Various grammar and spelling fixes

draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00

   This describes using the Sender-ID protocol with a 2821 Mail From
   scope.



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To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Frank Ellermann wrote:

> That covers MIME types like message/rfc822, multipart/digest,
> or maybe the proposed application/mbox, where original mails
> are "forwarded" as part of the body, as complete as possible.
> 
> It's not exactly the sense of "forward" in Outlook, which is
> IMHO no "forward" at all.  And that might be the explanation
> for the Resent-* headers:
> 
> These headers already existed before MIME, in RfC 822.  So my
> guess is that they were used in situations where today anybody
> (minus Outlook and pre-MIME MUAs) uses message/rfc822:

Are you saying use of these headers is supposed to have been
depreciated by now and that they carry mostly historic meaning?
 
> Maybe it's just a case of RfC 2822 trying to fix something in
> Std  11, and the result is not always clearer than the original
> text.  We have the author of RfC 822 here, he won't let us
> stray too far away from the real meaning of Resent-* headers.

Ok. Can we then have author of RFC822 comment if use of Resent-From
header is appropriate per STD11 for cases of Mail List and different 
types of forwarders as is being recomendated in marid-core? And then 
comment if RFC2822 was supposed to change original STD11 in case of
the Resent-??? headers or not.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: New drafts
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On Thu, Sep 16, 2004 at 12:41:46AM -0700,
 Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> wrote 
 a message of 36 lines which said:

> I've submitted two drafts:

They do not appear on http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/ (yet?). Any
alternative source in the mean time?



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From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: IETF MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
cc: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com
Subject: Re: FW: Microsoft's Updated Statement about IPR Claimed in
 <draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt> and <draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt> in Combination
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> On Tue, 14 Sep 2004, Harry Katz wrote:
> 
> Today Microsoft filed the following disclosure statement with the IETF 
> Secretariat regarding IPR claimed in relation to Sender ID.  This 
> statement does not mean that patents have been granted in any of the 
> jurisdictions mentioned below, only that the patent applications 
> themselves are due to be published shortly.  
...
> US - Title: "Reducing Unwanted And Unsolicited Electronic Messages By 
> Preventing Connection Hijacking And Domain Spoofing", Serial no. 10/684020

This patent got published today, to see it try using this url:
http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PG01&s1=684020.APN.&OS=APN/684020&RS=APN/684020
If does not work go to http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html
and type 684020 for Application Serial Number in field1. 

It contains a lot lot more then just things related to MARID and understanding
everything is difficult because of this "patent language", but from what
I see of the MARID specific parts, the patent does cover RFC2821 Mail-From
(which Microsoft calls "Reverse-Path" in their patent application) as 
well as RFC2822 headers and it many times mentions RMX records as well.
I'm also concerned that they way patent is written (as well as together
with another patent I found) it maybe designed to cover comprehensive checks
on multiple identities (eg universal spf or alike), but that maybe an 
exaduration on my part.

Please see below for more information on the MARID specific text:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[0067] A purported sending domain can be identified from parameter values 
contained in an electronic message. For example, messaging server 317 can 
identify domain 305 from parameter values contained in electronic message 
371 (e.g., from spoofed domain name 372). The purported sending domain can 
be identified from the domain portion (e.g., characters after the "@" 
character) of the purported sending entity. Other parameter values in an 
electronic message can include the actual sending network address. For 
example, an actual sending network address can be included in a 
Reverse-Path of an electronic message (which may be referred to as the 
envelope From address). A Reverse-Path can be included in an electronic 
message as a result of a sending computer system issuing an SMTP "MAIL 
FROM" command. Thus, messaging server 371 can examine this parameter 
values for electronic message 371 to attempt to identify an actual sending 
network address (e.g., the actual IP address of the messaging server 316). 

[0068] However, it may also be that an actual sending network address is 
included in a first Resent-Sender header of an electronic message, in a 
first mailbox in the Resent-From header of an electronic message, in a 
Sender header of an electronic message, or in a first mailbox of the From 
header of an electronic message. Accordingly, messaging server 371 can 
also examine each of these parameters values (either separately or in 
combination with examining a Reverse-Path parameter value) for electronic 
message 371 to attempt to identify an actual sending network address 
(e.g., the actual IP address of the messaging server 316). Since a number 
of different portions of an electronic message are examined, there is 
increased likelihood that the actual sending network address of the 
electronic message can be identified. Some electronic mail implementations 
require that electronic mail messages be sent with an empty Reverse-Path. 
Embodiments of the present invention can be advantageous for identifying 
an actual sending address when an electronic message does not include a 
Reverse-Path parameter value. 

[0069] Based on spoofed domain name 372, messaging server 317 may identify 
domain 305 as the purported sending domain for electronic message 371. 
Electronic messages that do not contain a Reverse-Path or at least one of 
the listed headers may be considered unwanted and/or unsolicited. 
Considering such electronic messages as unwanted and/or unsolicited 
reduces the likelihood of an entity intentionally omitting a Reverse-Path 
and all of the headers to defeat a message classification module. 

[0070] The method 400 includes an act of examining a plurality of 
parameters values of the electronic message to attempt to identify an 
actual sending side network address corresponding to the sending computer 
system (act 402). Act 402 can include a receiving side computer system 
identifying an actual sending side network address corresponding to the 
sending computer system. The receiving side computer system can identify 
an actual sending side network address, for example, from one or more of a 
Reverse-Path, a first Resent-Sender header, a first mailbox in the 
Resent-From header, a Sender header of an electronic message, or a first 
mailbox of the From header, of electronic message 371. Messaging server 
317 can identify that an actual sending side IP address corresponds to 
messaging server 316. Method 200 can be utilized to decrease the 
likelihood of an IP address being spoofed. 

[0071] The method 400 includes an act of querying a name server for a list 
of network addresses authorized to send electronic messages for the 
sending side domain (act 403). Act 403 can include the receiving computer 
system querying a name server for a list of network addresses authorized 
to send electronic messages for the sending side domain. For example, 
messaging server 317 can cause domain 307 to issue name service message 
375, which includes authorized servers query 379, to name server 308. Name 
service message 375 can include an identifier that identifies domain 305. 

[0072] Name server 308 can receive name service message 375 and process 
authorized servers query 379 accordingly. At name server 308, entry 376 
may be a DNS entry that corresponds to domain 305. Entry 376 can contain 
one or more records (e.g., RMX and/or TXT records) for domain 305, 
including authorized servers record 336. Received TXT records can include 
XML instructions. Authorized servers record 336 can contain network 
addresses (e.g., IP addresses) corresponding to messaging servers that are 
authorized to send electronic messages for domain 105. 



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: AOL on Sender I.D..
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 12:22:57 -0400
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Before discussion goes much further on this topic, we ask the working 
group not to give press releases and news articles much elaboration.  
This is not because their content is unimportant, but because this is a 
discussion list and it is hard to conduct a discussion with a press 
release.

We do welcome any statements directly from AOL or any network 
operations group regarding their plans for Sender ID or CSV.  However, 
we ask that they respect the fact that this is a discussion list and be 
prepared to answer any technical questions that may arise from their 
statements.

-andy, MARID co-chair



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep 16 14:37:36 2004
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To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
cc: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com, IETF MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Andrew Newton wrote:

> On Sep 16, 2004, at 12:20 PM, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> 
> > It contains a lot lot more then just things related to MARID and 
> > understanding
> > everything is difficult because of this "patent language", but from 
> > what
> > I see of the MARID specific parts, the patent does cover RFC2821 
> > Mail-From
> > (which Microsoft calls "Reverse-Path" in their patent application) as
> > well as RFC2822 headers and it many times mentions RMX records as well.
> 
> IANAL, but my limited understanding of these thing is that you must 
> look at the claims.  Somebody correct me if I'm off-base, which is 
> quite possible considering IANAL.

That is certainly true and because IANAL the language in claims is difficult
to make out. I'm posting here the claims that I believe relate to the MARID
portion of that patent application, perhaps you'll understand it better.

P.S. For the authors of this patent reading the list, I'll note that I 
found it funny that patent mentions taking first address of the From 
header. The RFC2822 is very clear that if From header is group of
addresses, then Sender header MUST be present and that is where info
is to be looked at (if its not, one can probably discard the message 
as not RFC compliant). I  simply did not expect such a stupid mistake as
far as email standars are concerned to be part of the patent text.

Claims
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What is claimed and desired secured by United States Letters Patent is

...

22. In a receiving domain that is network connectable to one or more 
sending domains, the receiving domain including one or more receiving 
messaging servers configured to receive electronic messages from sending 
domains, a method for determining if a sending messaging server is 
authorized to send electronic messages for a sending domain, the method 
comprising: an act of receiving an electronic message purportedly sent 
from the sending domain; an act of examining a plurality of parameter 
values of the electronic message to attempt to identify an actual sending 
side network address corresponding to a sending computer system; an act of 
querying a name server for a list of network addresses authorized to send 
electronic messages for the sending domain; an act of determining if the 
actual sending side network address is authorized to send electronic 
messages for the sending domain; and an act of providing results of the 
determination to an message classification module such that the message 
classification module can make a more reliable decision as to classifying 
the received electronic message. 

23. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein the act of receiving an 
electronic message purportedly sent from the sending side domain comprises 
an act of receiving an electronic mail message. 

24. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein an act of receiving an 
electronic message purportedly sent from the sending domain comprises an 
act of receiving an electronic message that does not include a 
Reverse-Path parameter value. 

25. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein an act of examining a 
plurality of parameter values of the electronic message to attempt to 
identify an actual sending side network address comprises an act of 
identifying an Internet Protocol address corresponding to the sending 
computer system. 

26. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein an act of examining a 
plurality of parameter values of the electronic message to attempt to 
identify an actual sending side network address comprises an act of 
examining a plurality of parameter values wherein at least one of the 
plurality of parameter values is selected from among a first Resent-Sender 
header value, a first mailbox value in the Resent-From header, a Sender 
header value, or a first mailbox value in the From header. 

27. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein the act of querying a name 
server for a list of network addresses authorized to send electronic 
messages for the sending domain comprises an act of querying a Domain Name 
Services server for a list of network addresses authorized to send 
electronic messages for the sending domain

28. The method as recited in claim 27, wherein the act of querying a 
Domain Name Services server for a list of network addresses authorized to 
send electronic messages for the sending domain comprises the act of 
querying a Domain Name Services for a list of Internet Protocol addresses 
authorized to send electronic mail message for the sending domain. 

29. The method as recited in claim 22, further comprising: an act of 
receiving a list of network addresses that are authorized to send 
electronic messages for the sending domain. 

30. The method as recited in claim 29, wherein an act of receiving a list 
of network addresses that are authorized to send electronic messages 
comprises an act of receiving one or more DNS TXT records. 

31. The method as recited in claim 30, wherein an act of receiving a list 
of network addresses that are authorized to send electronic messages 
comprises an act of receiving one or more DNS TXT records that encode the 
list of network addresses in XML instructions. 

32. The method as recited in claim 31, wherein an act of receiving one or 
more DNS TXT records that encode the list of network addresses in XML 
instructions comprises an act of receiving electronic messaging 
configuration information that spans across a plurality DNS TXT records 
such that the electronic message configuration information can be 
concatenated into an XML instance. 

33. The method as recited in claim 32, wherein the act of receiving 
electronic messaging configuration information that spans across a 
plurality DNS TXT records such that the electronic message configuration 
information can be concatenated into an XML instance comprises an act of 
receiving a plurality of DNS TXT records that include ordering data 
indicating how the XML instructions contained in the DNS TXT records are 
to be ordered. 

34. The method as recited in claim 33, further comprising: an act of 
concatenating the XML instructions according to the ordering data to 
generate an XML instance. 

35. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein the act of determining if 
the actual sending side network address is authorized to send electronic 
messages for the sending domain comprises an act of determining that the 
actual sending side network address is contained in a received list of 
authorized network addresses. 

36. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein the act of determining if 
the actual sending side network address is authorized to send electronic 
messages for the sending domain comprises an act of determining that the 
actual sending side network address is not contained in a received list of 
authorized network addresses. 

37. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein the act of an act of 
providing results of the determination to an message classification module 
comprises an act of indicating to the message classification module that 
the actual sending side network address is authorized to send electronic 
messages for the sending domain. 

38. The method as recited in claim 22, wherein the act of an act of 
providing results of the determination to an message classification module 
comprises an act of indicating to the message classification module that 
the actual sending side network address is not authorized to send 
electronic messages for the sending domain. 




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Cc: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com, IETF MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: Microsoft's Updated Statement about IPR Claimed in <draft-ietf-marid-core-03.txt> and <draft-ietf-marid-pra-00.txt> in Combination
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 13:36:48 -0400
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On Sep 16, 2004, at 12:20 PM, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> It contains a lot lot more then just things related to MARID and 
> understanding
> everything is difficult because of this "patent language", but from 
> what
> I see of the MARID specific parts, the patent does cover RFC2821 
> Mail-From
> (which Microsoft calls "Reverse-Path" in their patent application) as
> well as RFC2822 headers and it many times mentions RMX records as well.

IANAL, but my limited understanding of these thing is that you must 
look at the claims.  Somebody correct me if I'm off-base, which is 
quite possible considering IANAL.

-andy



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Alan DeKok <aland@ox.org>
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Wed, 2004-09-15 at 15:37, Alan DeKok wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > >   I thought we were discussing security terms, not Latin.
> > 
> > We are discussing the difference between send control lists and
> > authentication.
> 
>   Side-lines into Latin, and what words meant 2000 years ago aren't
> helpful.  If they were, we wouldn't be using the letter "j", and we
> would be pronouncing "v" as "w".

But through this period, the word has not changed meaning.

> > To refresh this point:
> > http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04648.html
> 
>   My point then, as now is:
> 
>   - Entities who have information should use it to make decisions.

The goal of this effort should also include providing essential
information to enable locating and correcting problems.  This would be
together with the other goal of detecting spoofed addresses.

>   - Entities who do not have information cannot use it to make decisions.

Ignorance is bliss? : )

> > You are advocating Sender-ID or SPF identities are authenticated.  I
> > still claim this is a misuse of the term authenticate as this presumes
> > the integrity of the mail channel and the nature of the list.
> 
>   It presumes that the entities publishing those records have read the
> specification of the protocol they're implementing, and understand
> it's costs and benefits.  The meaning of those records is as defined
> in the specifications, nothing more, or less.

I see a conflict even within the specification.  Jim Lyon has already
indicated any domain publishing an "open" record, requesting forwarded
mail receive a "Pass" assessment, will receive the bad reputation they
deserve.  The specification does not warn of this problem.  There is
another problem with any "open" record, even those that only request a
"Neutral" assessment.  SPF and Sender-ID use DNS records for the double
purpose of "authenticating" the MTA in conjunction with listing MTAs
authorized to send messages for a specific mailbox domain.  This
provides the MTA with the extremely weak identity of the mailbox domain.
When the record is "open" for SPF or Sender-ID, this invites spoofing of
the mailbox domain to obtain "authentication."  This invited spoofing is
very much counter to the goal of stopping the spoofing!

By first performing CSV to authenticate and authorize the MTA, and then
obtaining an authorization list of names referenced by the mailbox
domain, this will specifically prevent spoofing.  This two step approach
can not be exploited for the purpose of "authentication" to usurp the
reputation of the domain.  The weak "authentication" of Sender-ID or SPF
may be accomplished by simply asserting the mailbox domain in some
cases.

marid-mpr was to illustrate solutions for those interested in:
 a) Stopping spoofing
 b) Not breaking mail
 c) Providing fairly applied reputations
 d) Locating abusive MTAs
 e) Using lightweight and deterministic overhead
 f) Retaining network integrity
 g) Retaining DNS integrity
 h) Optional assertions on RFC2822 From that are not superseded
 
> > I noted the hazard making this assumption would cause with respect
> > to harming reputations of those that, through no action on their
> > part, receive negative assertions.
> 
>   Again, your focus is on reputations and negative assertions.  Mine
> is not.

My focus encompasses your concerns. If you review the marid-mpr draft
and consider how it can work, you will find it actually provides better
protections than SPF or Sender-ID, but without the overhead and the IPR
problems.

>   http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04818.html
> 
>   Your response to that message didn't acknowledge that my goals are
> different from yours.  While I understand very well your concerns
> about negative reputations, I do not see reputations as the primary
> goal of SPF, Sender-ID, or the MARID WG.  Instead, what's important is
> the ability of a domain to publish a list of authentic outgoing MTA's.

The goal of authorizing the MTA is defined in the charter and made
somewhat explicit in the WG acronym.  By first identifying the MTA,
independent of any authorization, offers a few important benefits-

a) Stronger identity for asserting reputations    
b) Deterministic structure based upon names for authorization
c) Location of a problematic MTA
d) Prevention of record exploit and improved spoof prevention
e) Thwarting phishing when making the validated MTA identity visible
f) Retained mail functionality with safe "open" lists
g) A phase-in with open lists only "coloring" mail, not rejecting it

>   Reputation systems are secondary to the primary goal, and are
> piggy-backed on top of it.  I don't see a need to discuss MARID-based
> reputation systems until such time as we have a clear specification of
> not only an MTA authentication system using DNS, but also the costs
> and benefits of using such a system.

There should be some consideration given this, as you have indicated
your own expectation the results of this scheme will be used for
establishing reputations.  As Sender-ID and SPF provide such incredibly
weak identities, these identities will actually become more vulnerable
to harm caused by spoofing, but now from reputation services.  This will
happen due to an understanding SPF or Sender-ID strengthened these
identities.  As this is going from zero strength, the slight increase
and the surrounding hype make inappropriate reliance on these identities
far more likely.

>   If that MTA authentication system is correct and useful, then
> reputation systems can be built on top of it.  If the MTA
> authentication system is not correct or useful, then any reputation
> systems which depend on it will be likewise useless.

There are fundamental flaws with the SPF or Sender-ID scheme.  A list
may be "open" but such an open list is not made apparent to the
receiving MTA in all cases.  A sending MTA may be shared, but such
sharing is not apparent to the receiving MTA.  The Sending MTA may not
have made SPF or Sender-ID record checks upon receipt of the message
being sent, but this also is not apparent to the receiving MTA.  As a
result, there is validation promotion moving through these shared MTA
clients.  Essentially any domain accepted by the client MTA, may spoof
any other domain that also shares the client MTA and is using an "open"
list or where the sending MTA did not make the needed checks.

Even with full compliance to the specification, spoofing remains
possible.  This is creating a new danger where, had it been understood
not to trust the mailbox domain identity, there would be less risk.  The
hype used to promote these schemes suggests such identities can be
trusted.  Of course there are many ways to inject mail into the mail
channel that may bypass the needed checks, but where such an event can
not be detected using SPF or Sender-ID.  Both Sender-ID and SPF are
trusting the integrity of both the sending and receiving administrative
realms, but where there is no means to verify such assumption. 
Sender-ID and SPF are ideal mechanisms for the confidence artist.

There have been some that suggest any shared MTA should become a thing
of the past as a result of these flaws of Sender-ID or SPF.  These
shared MTA strategies, sometimes forced by blocking ports or by way of
transparent interception, are effective at curtailing abuse originating
within a providers networks and allows the provider to protect the use
of their IP address space.  This largely requires the examination of the
SMTP logs and finding too many nonexistent recipient errors.  This
shared MTA can also direct abuse@ messages to assist in the effort to
curtail abuse as well. 

I am not suggesting curtailing spoofing not be done.  I am simply
advocating a better, safer, cleaner approach.  And yes, it also makes
reputations safer as well.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: AOL on Sender I.D..
From: Carl Hutzler <cdhutzler@aol.com>
To: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>, IETF-MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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> We do welcome any statements directly from AOL or any network
> operations group regarding their plans for Sender ID or CSV.  However,
> we ask that they respect the fact that this is a discussion list and be
> prepared to answer any technical questions that may arise from their
> statements.
> 
> -andy, MARID co-chair

We remain committed to sender identity technologies.

We intend to begin beta testing SPF on our inbound systems very soon (weeks
from now). SPF is low hanging fruit that will benefit AOL and many other
domains although it will not work for 100% of the mail we receive. But it
will work for >80% of the mail we receive and that is good enough for a
first strike.

We also believe that the best way to secure the 822 FROM address is a
content signing approach which is out of the scope of this working group. We
hope to see a new group formed to tackle the issues in this arena.
DomainKeys, IIM and TEOS are all reasonable technologies in this arena. We
are sure their will be more which is a good thing for a working group :-)

We remain committed to other IP based approaches and see a lot of benefit to
the "newer" CSV idea. AOL already gets >85% of our spam from other ISPs main
outbound MTAs. SPF, SenderID, and Domainkeys will not change that as this
mail also uses the legit domain of that local ISP in the 821/822 headers.
CSV and certain best practice documents (BCPs) shift the responsibility to
the sending organization for the mess they create through their insecure
networks and insecure practices (like lack of SMTP AUTH of any form, lack of
any outbound controls, inability to suspend accounts, insecure web servers,
etc).

-Carl

-- 
Carl Hutzler
Director, AntiSpam Operations
America Online Mail Operations
cdhutzler@aol.com
703.265.5521 work
703.915.6862 cell



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the MTA Authorization Records in DNS Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: The SPF Record Format and Sender-ID Protocol
	Author(s)	: M. Wong, M. Lentczner
	Filename	: draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03.txt
	Pages		: 42
	Date		: 2004-9-16
	
This document defines a protocol for the authorization of Internet
   hosts to use domain names in the sender mailbox of mail that those
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   then perform a check against those records to see if a client host
   submitting a piece of mail is actually authorized.  Since there are
   several different concepts of sender mailbox, this protocol is
   generic and can be applied to one or more of such "scopes".

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On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Seth Goodman wrote:

> IANAL either, but I do have my name on a number of patents.  From what I see
> of the claims you posted, independent claim 22 plus dependent claims 27, 28,
> 29, 30, 35, 36 37 and 38 describe SPF classic. 

That was my reading as well. And I then looked at description to see if
they specifically mentioned envelope Mail From and indeed they did!
This is the kind if indication that shows the intent.

> If those claims are allowed, we may need a license to use SPF, which MS 
> is not even compelled to offer and can set any terms they wish, i.e. 
> implementing PRA and/or using XML.
Lets remember that we do have an option of disregarding their patent.

They thereafter have to bring claim of patent infringement and the defence
of prior art is a valid one. If court grants the defense it means invalidation
of the patent. But it is costly to fight things like this in court no 
matter who brings the motion forward.

Another this is that, as has been mentioned, intentional filing of patent
claims that author knows is covered by prior art maybe considered a fraud 
(IANAL, so correct me if that is not right). This is something for 
authorities to deal with once brought to their attention.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/





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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the MTA Authorization Records in DNS Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Authorizing Use of Domains in MAIL FROM
	Author(s)	: M. Lentczner, M. Wong
	Filename	: draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00.txt
	Pages		: 11
	Date		: 2004-9-16
	
Mail on the Internet can be forged in a number of ways.  In
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   hosts that are allowed to use its domain name in a reverse-path, and
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 16 Sep 2004 12:02:43 PDT."
             <1095361363.30902.140.camel@ddev.mail-abuse.org> 
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 16:32:42 -0400
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> I see a conflict even within the specification.  Jim Lyon has already
> indicated any domain publishing an "open" record, requesting forwarded
> mail receive a "Pass" assessment, will receive the bad reputation they
> deserve.  The specification does not warn of this problem.

  The goal of specifications should not be to anticipate all possible
uses or abuses, of the specification.  To ask this of a specification
is to guarantee that it will fail to achieve consensus.

> By first performing CSV to authenticate and authorize the MTA, and then
> obtaining an authorization list of names referenced by the mailbox
> domain, this will specifically prevent spoofing.

  I do not believe that there is enough consensus as to what "EHLO"
checking means, or "MAIL FROM" checking means.  Without that
consensus, we have no quantitative way of comparing proposals, or for
deciding if a proposal meets our requirements.

> There should be some consideration given this, as you have indicated
> your own expectation the results of this scheme will be used for
> establishing reputations.

  That is a matter for a follow-up WG, or a re-charter of this WG,
once this WG finishes its current work.  Until then, I see no point in
discussing the benefits or impacts of reputation systems.

> I am not suggesting curtailing spoofing not be done.  I am simply
> advocating a better, safer, cleaner approach.  And yes, it also makes
> reputations safer as well.

  I'm not sure how any "MAIL FROM" checking can prevent spoofing on a
shared MTA.

  Alan DeKok.



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(well, except for Anne)

All you non-lawyers should consult with your attorney before reading
patents because most non-lawyers (like me) don't know much about
patents.  I'm guessing some of you don't have a lawyer you can consult
with because he or she probably would have kicked your ass already.

  http://www.kuro5hin.org/comments/2002/4/8/22291/81741/27#27

I have yet to meet a lawyer *anywhere* who would disagree with the
sentiment expressed in that post.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan                     ApacheCon! 13-17 November (3 SpamAssassin
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/  http://www.apachecon.com/  sessions & more)



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From: "Scott Kitterman" <scott@kitterman.com>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: SPF abused by spammers 
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 17:23:42 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Alan DeKok
> Sent: Thursday, September 16, 2004 4:33 PM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers

>   I'm not sure how any "MAIL FROM" checking can prevent spoofing on a
> shared MTA.
>
>   Alan DeKok.

I don't think it can.  That's why I give shared MTAs that I use a NEUTRAL
vice PASS result in my SPF records unless there are local restrictions to
prevent other customers of the MTA from using my "MAIL FROM".

What I can do with "MAIL FROM" checking is tell the world which MTAs are not
authorized through -all.

Personally, I would love to see some synergy between "MAIL FROM" and
SUBMITTER. If shared MTA operators would add SUBMITTER and an appropriate
2822 header field, then the result would be:

"MAIL FROM" - NEUTRAL (based on my domain)
SUBMITTER - PASS (based on the ISP domain).

This would mean, the domain owner says that the message is not certainly
forged and the MTA operator says it is accepting responsibility for the
message.  I would think that most people would accept this combination.  I
also think this is appropriate for shared MTAs because it is, in the end,
the operator of the MTA that is responsible for forgery it allows to happen.

Scott Kitterman



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Scott Kitterman wrote:

> What I can do with "MAIL FROM" checking is tell the world which MTAs
> are not authorized through -all.
>
> Personally, I would love to see some synergy between "MAIL FROM" and
> SUBMITTER. If shared MTA operators would add SUBMITTER and an
> appropriate 2822 header field, then the result would be:
>
> "MAIL FROM" - NEUTRAL (based on my domain)
> SUBMITTER - PASS (based on the ISP domain).

I still stand by my earlier posted idea to use ENVID for this purpose, when 
I wrote:

> I was more than happy even using the existing ENVID for this purpose.
> ;) Something like:
>
> Mail from: <original@sender> ENVID=<forwarding@entity>
>
> Then we could have all used it tomorrow. I know, that is not what RFC
> 1891, section 5.4, meant it for; but it would have been fine by me. :)

Seriously, is there anyone out there who has ENVID currently in use? It just 
sits here, so unused. :)

Cheers,

- Mark

        System Administrator Asarian-host.org

---
"If you were supposed to understand it,
we wouldn't call it code." - FedEx



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Alan DeKok <aland@ox.org>
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-16 at 13:32, Alan DeKok wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > I see a conflict even within the specification.  Jim Lyon has already
> > indicated any domain publishing an "open" record, requesting forwarded
> > mail receive a "Pass" assessment, will receive the bad reputation they
> > deserve.  The specification does not warn of this problem.
> 
>   The goal of specifications should not be to anticipate all possible
> uses or abuses, of the specification.  To ask this of a specification
> is to guarantee that it will fail to achieve consensus.

This still leaves anticipating the use of "open" lists provided by the
draft and its effect of "inviting" spoofing.  This aspect should be
within the scope of a draft that purports to solve a spoofing problem.

> > By first performing CSV to authenticate and authorize the MTA, and then
> > obtaining an authorization list of names referenced by the mailbox
> > domain, this will specifically prevent spoofing.
> 
>   I do not believe that there is enough consensus as to what "EHLO"
> checking means, or "MAIL FROM" checking means.  Without that
> consensus, we have no quantitative way of comparing proposals, or for
> deciding if a proposal meets our requirements.

There must be an exchange of ideas and concepts to arrive at a
consensus.  Announcing Caller-ID as the WG draft did not invite much
reflection other than largely the eventual removal of XML.  It would
seem a foregone conclusion more than consensus.  Publishing a draft
helps, but answering questions should provide clarity or offer a
perspective of the trade-offs considered.

As example, there were several serious issues never addressed.  The most
I heard with respect to network congestion avoidance, actually the lack
of avoidance, was "That would be bad."  The latest draft still retains a
required 10 script processing within 20 seconds minimum each.  The time
limit was added after it was pointed out valid record sets may take more
than a hour to resolve even with no packet loss.  The addition of the
time limit then fails to address a potential loss of network integrity
that may dramatically affect long haul links, or a potential for
flooding the network with UDP traffic.  A 3-5% packet-loss of UDP
packets is common but clearly not accommodated.  Ignoring this does not
make the problem go away.  Network considerations should be within scope
for a network protocol.  Plays well with others should be a requirement.

> > There should be some consideration given this, as you have indicated
> > your own expectation the results of this scheme will be used for
> > establishing reputations.
> 
>   That is a matter for a follow-up WG, or a re-charter of this WG,
> once this WG finishes its current work.  Until then, I see no point in
> discussing the benefits or impacts of reputation systems.

At the same time this group was declaring Last Call, there were
reputation services based upon the identities provided.  Statements of
being able to trust Sender-ID or SPF identities will not make these
identities trustworthy however.  There should be consideration given the
expectations created by hyperbola.   

> > I am not suggesting curtailing spoofing not be done.  I am simply
> > advocating a better, safer, cleaner approach.  And yes, it also makes
> > reputations safer as well.
> 
>   I'm not sure how any "MAIL FROM" checking can prevent spoofing on a
> shared MTA.

The stronger the validation of a name associated with a message, the
less likely this validation will be spoofed.  As shown with Microsoft's
PRA algorithm, the name validated does not need to be the RFC2822 From
address.  Spoofing a Sender-ID or SPF check may only require asserting a
mailbox domain depending upon the nature of the list or the entry point
of the message.  CSV is not as easily spoofed, nor does it assault DNS
with a phalanx of variable records types to be resolved which may open
up other security risks as with SPF and Sender-ID.

Making this validated MTA name visible along with the RFC2822 From will
alert users to unexpected sources of the From mailbox domain based upon
the user becoming familiar with these identities during their normal
correspondents.  Unlike SPF or Sender-ID, the marid-mpr draft offers a
means for the domain administrator to specify these normal sources for
either the RFC2821 MAIL FROM or RFC2822 From mailbox domains that can
not be superseded as with Sender-ID.

The validation of the MTA name does not "invite" the spoofing of the
mailbox domain.  Use of a MAIL FROM constraint or the use of BATV will
also dissuade spoofing of this mailbox domain.  Institutions that find
themselves being phished or spoofed, should not employ outbound MTAs
outside their administrative realm and use a consistent identity for
their MTA names.  Unlike Sender-ID however, MPR can thwart spoofing of
the RFC2822 From as well as the RFC2821 MAIL FROM.  Such institutions
would need to alert their customers of this limitation, if their mail is
forwarded.  As MPR safely allows "open" lists, there can be a graceful
transition in making this restriction without "inviting" trouble.

-Doug



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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: I-D ACTION:draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-00.txt (fwd)
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Murray S. Kucherawy wrote:

> sender-id, SPF and DomainKeys are only done at the border
> inbound but an internal message was injected for which the
> client authenticated using SMTP AUTH, I felt that fact
> should be relayed should the MUA or LDA wish to make a
> decision based on it.

Sure, I was only confused because in your example the very
same host did both (MSA auth stuff + MX SPF tests).  Maybe
split it in two headers.  That would also demonstrate cases
where spammers could send forged Authentication-Results.

Out of curiosity, I use an MSA enforcing a valid MAIL FROM.
This MSA uses SMTP-after-POP (and before you laugh, that's
not much worse than insecure PLAIN or LOGIN).  What are the
corresponding Authentication-Results ?  Here's my guess:

| Authentication-Results: mail2.hamburg.example
|   return-path=m-e@hamburg.example; auth=pass (pop3)

Is that the idea ?  Or should the MSA match the POP3 mechanism
to a corresponding SMTP AUTH, (login) in my example.  But IIRC
"login" isn't documented in any RfC.  And officially "plain"
isn't allowed without TLS.  SMTP-after-APOP would be better
than "login" or "plain", so maybe you need some additional
keywords like "tls", "login" or "apop" for auth.

Actually you don't need the "pass" for auth, let alone any
other weird SPF results, auth=apop or auth=cram-md5 should
be good enough.

For SPF the tested header at the moment implicitly defines
the tested scope.  Return-path is always spf2.0/mailfrom,
helo is always spf2.0/helo.  Anything else (from, sender,
resent-*) is always spf2.0/pra.

Therefore you could simply use header=mailbox spf=result
for spf2.0/helo, spf2.0/mailfrom, and spf2.0/pra.  "Helo"
is no header, but it fits in your "headerspec" syntax, if
you define "headerspec" in the next draft ;-)

This simplification won't work for Wayne's spf2.0/from,
because then a tested "from" either corresponds to a PRA
or to Wayne's draft.

IMHO you don't need a list of SPF results, that's defined
in protocol-03, and rather useless for "auth".  You could
add a section how MUAs can try to auto-detect the support
of this header by their MDAs (Outlook uses test messages
for similar purposes).
                        Bye, Frank




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On Thu, Sep 16, 2004 at 09:20:41AM -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
| > US - Title: "Reducing Unwanted And Unsolicited Electronic Messages By 
| > Preventing Connection Hijacking And Domain Spoofing", Serial no. 10/684020
| 
| This patent got published today, to see it try using this url:
| http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PG01&s1=684020.APN.&OS=APN/684020&RS=APN/684020
| If does not work go to http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html
| and type 684020 for Application Serial Number in field1. 

Application Serial Number 10/683624 may also be of interest
to this working group.

"Reducing Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Messages by
Exchanging Electronic Message Transmission Policies and
Solving and Verifying Solutions to Computational Puzzles"

cheers
meng



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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers - Fixing RFC 2821 issues
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2004 23:32:21 -0400
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Thursday, September 16, 2004 4:32 PM
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers


>   I do not believe that there is enough consensus as to what "EHLO"
> checking means, or "MAIL FROM" checking means.  Without that
> consensus, we have no quantitative way of comparing proposals, or for
> deciding if a proposal meets our requirements.

Alan,

One of the key reasons I stayed away for the most part from this discussion
is because I don't think much progress will be made until RFC 2821
functional specification are modified to allow for enforcement and for
proper operations in a reduced and managed "spam world."

What is being proposed has many legal and operational ramifications and
until the RFC 2821 is modified, compliant legacy systems will continue to be
problematic, both technically and legally.

There are three (3) problems as I see it based on product operations:

1) The forwarding issue as we all know it,
2) US EPCA related issues regarding privacy, and
3) Malpractice and Bandwidth issues with Dynamic vs. Post SMTP analysis.

The industry has had two decades of standard email operational precedence
that 100% addressed #2 and #3. Systems were designed and engineered with the
corresponding ECPA laws in the books in mind.

It is my strong belief based on 20+ years of exclusive telecommunications
and electronic mail design and production, that Microsoft SenderID proposal
hits smack against the tradition with a major risk of creating many new
legal issues.

To summary the concerns:

The SUBMITTER concept will enforce SUBMITTER compliant ISP to operate in a
mode were users are no longer allowed to use alias email addresses.   This
has already been proved to be the case when the SPF compliant ISP has users
using alias email addresses and it failed at the SPF compliant MDA.
Microsoft's SUBMITTER will raise privacy concerns because the ISP must send
the user's main account with the mail transaction, an action the user many
not want.

The PRA concept will break optimized operations using dynamic SMTP
operations. It will enforce payload transmissions which has three critical
issues with it:

1) Risk operating in a mode where failure to delivery mail runs against the
US EPCA user rights for delivery expectations.

2) Introduces higher network bandwidth across all PRA compliant points.

3) Introduces higher and unnecessary bounce mail operations which is a major
factor in the distribution of malicious electronic mail.

It is for these key reasons, Santronics can not support the Microsoft
proposals based on its technical merits.  This does not take away the fact
that we made be forced to do so based on customer and market pressures,  but
it is not something we wish to spend resources on.  I firmly believe there
are better solutions and in my opinion, it begins with getting all the
issues with SMTP specifications squared away.

Once the industry, the world, has a new basis for SMTP operations, then all
the authentication and validations ideas make more sense and work more
reliably.  All future SMTP products will have "new rules" to work and more
importantly remains legal with the current laws in the books.

In my view, the following effort should be done:

1) SMTP specification refinement to clear all the ambiguities and specify
the new enforcement issues.

2) At a minimum,  introduce 2 new ESMTP commands:

TOPIC (or SUBJ to keep with the 4 letter standard)
HEAD

Both items solves the following:

1) It address optimized support for CANSPAM at the transport level
2) It address optimized support for Header Analysis at the transport level.
3) It helps the Microsoft PRA proposal.
4) It eliminates the payload problem.
5) It keeps the operation legal with no conflicts with the current EPCA
related laws in the books.

Note, none of this takes away from SPF or MARID,  but currently what is
being proposed does not help the process for all parties.  Since change is
required at some level for the SMTP server and receiver, we might as get it
right with the minimum requirements to address spam/spoofing.

Thanks

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office










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----- Original Message -----
From: "Frank Ellermann" <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Thursday, September 16, 2004 8:06 PM
Subject: Re: I-D ACTION:draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-00.txt (fwd)


> Out of curiosity, I use an MSA enforcing a valid MAIL FROM.
> This MSA uses SMTP-after-POP (and before you laugh, that's
> not much worse than insecure PLAIN or LOGIN).  What are the
> corresponding Authentication-Results ?  Here's my guess:

I don't understand this reason for this.

The problem is :Final Destination mail from Anonymous Senders."

Local ISP users who are "malicious" and/or "abusive" is an administrative
problem.  You can probably add technical logic such as limits, but overall
the authenticated ISP user is not the problem the world is facing with
abusive final destination anonymous senders.

Remember what the standard mode of SMTP is:

  1) Authenticated or IP allowed clients can send local and remote mail.
  2) No authentication is required for final destination mail (local).

In other words, anonymous senders can not send remote mail.

So the anti-spam technological pressure point is at #2.  Not #1.

This is a key factor most people seem to forget.  RFC 2821 has provided us a
DOOR to help solve the problem and also run in a more optimized mode with a
method that none of the MARID proposals use or consider.  See RFC 2821
section "3.3 Mail Transactions"

   Despite the apparent scope of this requirement, there are circumstances
in
   which the acceptability of the reverse-path may not be determined until
one
   or more forward-paths (in RCPT commands) can be examined.

What it says is this:  You have 3 states points in SMTP:

    EHLO/HELO
    MAIL FROM
    RCPT TO:

Everyone is worry about the first two states before RCPT TO is known.   They
are proposing changes to SMTP receivers where overhead is added to check the
first two states.  A blind check with total disregard to establishing the
critical information of final destination or remote mail.

The section 3.3 suggestion is to simply delay the "overhead"
authentication/validation logic for EHLO/HELO and MAIL FROM until RCPT TO is
known. In practice, it works wonderfully.  You can save a tremendous amount
of your ANTI-SPAM overhead using this key method.

Remember again, if RCPT TO is not a local user, then the transaction becomes
a RELAY, thus the client IP and/or MAIL FROM must be authenticated using
standard SMTP technology already in place.

However, if RCPT TO is a local user, then SMTP says that you must accept the
mail regardless of the sender. That is the golden rule and also the reason
for the SPAM problem.

So in short,  this is a Final Destination Anonymous Sender issue.  I don't
see a need for MARID or anti-spoof overhead if the client is authenticated.

Thanks

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 01:28:03 2004
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Well, draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03.txt was very disappointing, so I went 
ahead and did what needed doing.

I made some edits and made a new Internet-Draft based on it: SPF3.
I summarize the changes as follows:
s/typos/corrections/
s/Most of 6.2  Processing Limits/<new text>
s/mail from or PRA/HELO/
s/mfrom,pra/helo/
s/spf2.0/spf3.0/
s/Mark,Meng/me/
s/SenderID/SPF3/
Some tweaks to the Abstract.
Allow SPF1 records to be used. Strangely, 
draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03.txt didn't allow this!

The effort put into the edit may have produced something of lesser 
quality than one expects from Microsoft.

Comparison of SPF3 and CSV+MPR:
Organizationally, it's superior, in that it leverages the existing base 
of SPF1 records.  It's easier to understand, includes examples, and it's 
easier to create TXT records - of bind, GoDaddy and ZoneEdit, only BIND 
supports what CSV requires. 
Technically, it's inferior, in that its usage of DNS is less efficient 
and less standards-based. MPR also has the cool bitmapped fields for 
explicit protection of 2822.From:, etc.  This could be added to SPF3.

Comparison of SPF3 and SPF1 or SenderID:
It's superior, in that it doesn't break forwarding, is much more 
efficient, and can't be tricked by forged or misleading headers,  
requires about 99% less effort to implement, on a global basis,  is 
based on an algorithm that predates M$' patent filing, and provides 
something that can be better accredited.

=-=-=-=-=
Rest of this post: Re: HELO and Unified ; new scope? ;  Microsoft oops; BCP

On 9/15/2004 12:58 AM, David Woodhouse sent forth electrons to convey:

>
>My suggestion is that we should go forward with an entirely _different_
>scope, not just unify on either mail-from or whatever the unencumbered
>pra replacement would be.
>
>There are many possibilities which would offer us some 'handle' on the
>owner of the mail server in question, without all the problems which
>both mail-from and pra scopes suffer.
>  
>
The 'handle' needs to be something non-free, otherwise spammers will 
make an infinite number of them.
Domains are a good choice.   A domain with a valid SSL cert would be 
another choice.
Spamhaus.org's .mail proposal would be another good choice.
Unsigned certs or signed thawte freemail certs would not be acceptable.

=-=-=-=-=

There's a false statement in Microsoft's previous IPR disclosure statement:

>VIII. Other Notes: ** A license to implement these specifications
>will be made available at http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/standards on
>or before September 15, 2004.
>
http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/ip/standards/ has it.

=-=-=-=-=
 
On 9/15/2004 4:16 PM, Frank Ellermann sent forth electrons to convey:

>Matthew Elvey wrote:
>
>  
>
>>>we have been asked by the DNS people to refrain from putting
>>>additional load on the PTR system if possible.
>>>      
>>>
(And the mess of mis/unattributed quotes continues. I didn't write that.)

>>Oh, I missed that request.  A pointer and/or quote would be
>>appreciated if it wasn't made on this list.
>>    
>>
>
><http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.mxcomp/2707/match=apnic>
>  
>
Thanks.  An interesting thread.  It suggests that the RIRs have little 
to worry about.
If MARID is halfway successful, the load on their servers is likely to 
go way DOWN.
PTR lookups are already the norm.  MARID should cut mail volumes are cut 
by more than half (most mail is spam), so PTR lookups can be expected to 
go down as well.

BTW, RIR gross failure to address their responsibilities, as evidenced by
http://www.spamhaus.org/sbl/listings.lasso?isp=APNIC ,
(not to mention
http://www.spamhaus.org/sbl/listings.lasso?isp=ARIN ) <ahem> well, 
umm...  I...
They're knowingly providing Spam Support Services...

=-=-=-=-=

With respect to being able to outright reject forgeries without breaking 
forwarding: 
With HELO checks + A&R, I can see this becoming reasonable BCP.  Here's how:
Forwarders (and mailing list hosts) will be expected to be runnning 
MARID on their MTA.  If they are too lazy to do so, then they will be 
found to be forwarding on obvious (to anyone using MARID) forgeries, and 
thus their reputations will (justifiably) suffer.  It will probably not 
be fair to blame 'em for all spam they forward, but it will be fair to 
blame them for forwarding on obvious forgeries. The responsible 
forwarders running MARID can be expected to have good HELO reputations.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 01:54:21 2004
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From: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
To: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: "include" directive in -03 SPF draft
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forwarded by request of Victor Duchovni, who is a respected
contributor to the Postfix project among other things.

On Fri, Sep 17, 2004 at 12:37:48AM -0400, Victor Duchovni wrote:
| 
| [ Please recirculate as appropriate, even if you disagree, I hope that
|   this point of view will at least get a fair hearing. Perhaps it has
|   already and I am beating a dead horse, if so sorry... ]
| 
| I would like to humbly suggest that the "include" directive is unwise. It
| makes zone administration easier at the cost of much more complex,
| recursive possibly looping query requirements on clients. This is IMHO
| the wrong tradeoff. Configuration of identical SPF data in multiple zones
| should be entirely the responsibility of the zone file administrator who
| can use "include" directives, macros, scripts, and many other tools to
| ensure consistency of SPF data accross multiple domains.
| 
| If we are to learn anything from Dan Bernstein's less than politically
| correct, but without a doubt insightful observations on DNS, it is
| than all features that shift the cost of indirection onto the resolver
| are bad. He rightly rails against A6 records, which are deprecated,
| he corrrectly encourages always "in-bailiwick" NS records (which are
| now the norm since Verisign no longer requires a unique hostname for
| each glue IP). He correctly suggests that indeed were DNS redesigned,
| the burden of converting NS->IP should have been on the server, with
| the on the wire syntax IP valued and names only used as administrative
| convenience in zone files.
| 
| Not all of this universally accepted dogma, but I is IMHO reasonable to
| give this point of view due consideration. Please reconsider the decision
| to burden the standard with client visile "include" directives, this
| should not I think be exposed outside the owners zone management tools.
| 
| -- 
| 
|  /"\ ASCII RIBBON                  NOTICE: If received in error,
|  \ / CAMPAIGN     Victor Duchovni  please destroy and notify
|   X AGAINST       IT Security,     sender. Sender does not waive
|  / \ HTML MAIL    Morgan Stanley   confidentiality or privilege,
|                                    and use is prohibited.
| 



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Subject: Re: Patent Application 683624
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
Cc: IETF MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com
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On Thu, 2004-09-16 at 19:17, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 16, 2004 at 09:20:41AM -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> | > US - Title: "Reducing Unwanted And Unsolicited Electronic Messages By 
> | > Preventing Connection Hijacking And Domain Spoofing", Serial no. 10/684020
> | 
> | This patent got published today, to see it try using this url:
> | http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PG01&s1=684020.APN.&OS=APN/684020&RS=APN/684020
> | If does not work go to http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html
> | and type 684020 for Application Serial Number in field1. 
> 
> Application Serial Number 10/683624 may also be of interest
> to this working group.
> 
> "Reducing Unwanted and Unsolicited Electronic Messages by
> Exchanging Electronic Message Transmission Policies and
> Solving and Verifying Solutions to Computational Puzzles"

>From their presentation, the concept was to impose about a 16 second
additional CPU message burden for the sender.  Their statement was such
additional overhead doubled the cost of equipment for the sender.  This
does not consider that many abusive senders control millions of Window
machines with hidden Trojan proxies and never pay for their use. 
Instead of deploying 50,000 machines, this puzzle may require 100,000. 
With each machine costing them $0.00, even doubling CPUs will not affect
the abuser's costs of sending to the same extent it will for legitimate
senders.

It does bring up the issue of cost for a maximal 200 second receiver
burden for resolving Sender-ID or SPF records.  With a common spammer
technique of using random sub-domains, this will keep filters guessing
and the DNS resolvers scrambling for records.  It would seem
illegitimate senders win in any war of escalated overheads.  If only
these innovators would properly handle a temp error, we could slow
unknown senders without punishing legitimate senders. ; )

-Doug



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 03:03:57 2004
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To: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Douglas Otis wrote:

> From their presentation, the concept was to impose about a 16 second
> additional CPU message burden for the sender.  Their statement was such
> additional overhead doubled the cost of equipment for the sender.  This
> does not consider that many abusive senders control millions of Window
> machines with hidden Trojan proxies and never pay for their use. 

And besides, the CPU  costs are rapidly going down with twice as fast CPUs
being released every one or two years. You simply can't rely on this 
technique - the hardware cost even for spammer that does not use zombie
machines is likely to be low percentage for cost of his operation - its 
the cost of hosting of such machine on "spam tolerant" network that is high.

> It does bring up the issue of cost for a maximal 200 second receiver
> burden for resolving Sender-ID or SPF records.  With a common spammer
> technique of using random sub-domains, this will keep filters guessing
> and the DNS resolvers scrambling for records. 

I note that the same problem exists with absolutly every proposal before
MARID. And in reality its not really proper concern for this group, we
need to worry how to properly identify GOOD senders and how to make sure
THEIR domains are not forged.

That spammers can still buy new domains for almost nothing ($6) or use 
subdomains which are technically free to them and then publish MARID 
records there is outside the scope of this group - it is something to be 
addressed by reputation.

> It would seemi illegitimate senders win in any war of escalated 
> overheads.  If only these innovators would properly handle a temp error, 
> we could slow unknown senders without punishing legitimate senders. ; )

I did not understand how handling temp error would help. Can you explain
or give example?

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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From: "Hector Santos" <hsantos@santronics.com>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
References: <200409161939.PAA09298@ietf.org>
Subject: TECH-DOC: Re: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00.txt
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 2004 03:01:42 -0400
Organization: Santronics Software, Inc.
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I have a few some comments regarding:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00.txt


In "2.4  Interpreting the Result,"  add a summary of the possible results
for better reading:

| 2.4  Interpreting the Result
|
|   The check_host() function returns one of seven (eight?) following
results, some with
|   additional information:
|
|       Neutral
|       Pass
|       Fail
|       SoftFail
|       None
|       TempError
|       PermError
|
|   This section describes how software that
|   performs the authorization must interpret the results.  If the check
|   is being performed during the SMTP mail transaction, it also
|   describes how to respond.

Relaxed Provisions:

I have mentioned this a few times.  I believe that SPF is partially
defeating the purpuse of its goal by having unrestricted relaxed provisions
for Neutral and SoftFail results with no functional specification on how to
deal with it.   In my opinion, this will plaque SPF until inevitably the
problems it present is better  recognized in mass practice and it is finally
addressed in the future. Unfortunately, by then it might be too late as
there will be far too many legacy systems in place.  Lets not close current
SMTP shortcomings by opening new ones.

The key issue is that the relaxed provisions should be limited in usage.
Although, section 2.4.4 states:

        "This value (softfail) is used by domains as an intermediate state
         during roll-out of publishing records."

I believe the options opens a hole in SPF that should not be there in the
first place.  While a good intention system my play by the rules and
eventually gets its SPF setup right when rollout is complete,  I see this
being abused and will become a source for SPF spoofers.

I don't think we need a technical method to control this. Rather what is
simply required is a functional description with strong statement for usage
limitations with a strong indication that SPF clients MAY implement
expiration concepts.

Suggested addition/changes to document regarding Neutral and SoftFail:

| 2.4.1  Neutral
|
|    A Neutral result MUST be treated exactly like a None result.
|
|    See "2.5 Handling Relaxed Provisions (Neutral and SoftFail)"


| 2.4.4  SoftFail
|
|    A SoftFail result should be treated as somewhere between a Fail and a
|    Neutral.  This value is used by domains as an intermediate state
|    during roll-out of publishing records.  The domain believes the host
|    isn't authorized but isn't willing to make that strong of a
|    statement.  Receiving software SHOULD NOT reject the message based on
|    this result, but MAY subject the message to closer scrutiny.
|
|    See "2.5 Handling Relaxed Provisions (Neutral and SoftFail)"


|  2.5  Handling Relaxed Provisions (Neutral and SoftFail)
|
|     The relaxed SPF results, Neutral and SoftFail, are considered
|     temporary and time limited domain policies. They are intended to be
|     used as intermediate states during roll-out periods.
|
|     Once the roll-out is complete, the policy result should be changed
|     to provide strong pass or fail results.
|
|     Since this is an area where possible exploitable may occurred, SPF
|     offers implementators the option to impose expiration periods for
|     continued usage of relaxed provisions or results.
|
|     The expiration period starts with the first usage of the SPF domain
|     resulting with a relaxed provision.
|
|     The recommended time period is: 3-6 months.
|
|       SPF clients who wish to implement an expiration method could
|       use a simple database to record the first time usage. Subsequent
|       mail transactions with relaxed SPF results can be checked for
|       expiration.
|
|
|       Example pseudo code with example expiration responses:
|
|         spf-result = check_host()
|
|         if spf-result in [Neutral, SoftFail] then
|
|            Expired = record_check_host_expiration()
|
|            if Expired then
|
|               550-SPF Mail From check failed: Expired
|               550 The domain example.com usage SPF relaxed results has
expired.
|
|            else
|
|               250 Temporary SPF acceptance. Expiration Date:
get_expiration_date()
|

What is important to understand is that serious SPF domains will take this
usage with the added knowledge that it will be temporary, thus they must
work at getting their SPF policy and network operations in order.  Without a
specific specification addressing relaxed provisions,  it will provided
irresponsible and unrestricted usage and worst, provide a real loophole for
SPF spoofers to exploit.

Thanks

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office








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Subject: Re: "include" directive in -03 SPF draft
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>> Not all of this universally accepted dogma, but I is IMHO reasonable to
>> give this point of view due consideration. Please reconsider the decision
>> to burden the standard with client visile "include" directives, this
>> should not I think be exposed outside the owners zone management tools.

I think that's a good point, but the "include" directive allows
semantics not possible otherwise.  Removing it removes functionality
from SPF and ignores the complexities involved in managing DNS and how
email authority is often delegated to different companies and parts of
an organization.  SPF clients also have to watch out for excessive DNS
queries resulting from evaluation of SPF records, so the burden of
include via other mechanisms is just not all that significant.

I would, however, be in favor of more well-defined (and somewhat lower)
DNS query limits than the current ones.

Daniel

-- 
Daniel Quinlan                     ApacheCon! 13-17 November (3 SpamAssassin
http://www.pathname.com/~quinlan/  http://www.apachecon.com/  sessions & more)



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On Tue, Sep 14, 2004 at 12:06:52PM -0400,
 Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> wrote 
 a message of 155 lines which said:

> Attached you will find a survey that Marcos Sanz and I did of com, net, 
> and de.

Here are the results for ".fr" :

Total Number of Domains In Zone(s):      267 657
Total Number of Domains Processed :       67 393
...
TXT Records                                 :         1 038
Wildcard TXT Record                         :            26 (  2,50%)
TXT Records at Zone Apex                    :           983 ( 94,70%)
CNAME'd TXT Records at Zone Apex            :             0 (  0,00%)
TXT with SPF Content                        :            89 (  8,57%)
TXT with Caller-ID Content                  :             3 (  0,29%)
TXT with _ep Prefix                         :            29 (  2,79%)
TXT with _ep Prefix and No Caller-ID Content:            26 (  2,50%)
TXT with _ep Prefix and Caller-ID Content   :             3 (  0,29%)
TXT with _ep Prefix and SPF Content         :             4 (  0,39%)
Wildcard TXT with SPF Content               :             4 (  0,39%)
Wildcard TXT with Caller-ID Content         :             0 (  0,00%)
TXT at Zone Apex with SPF Content           :            81 (  7,80%)
TXT at Zone Apex with Caller-ID Content     :             0 (  0,00%)
...
Domains with SPF                                        :           81 (  0,12%)
Domains with Caller-ID                                  :            3 (  0,00%)
Domains with both SPF and Caller-ID                     :            3 (  0,00%)
Domains with SPF and Wildcard TXT                       :            4 (  0,01%)
Domains with SPF in Wildcard TXT                        :            4 (  0,01%)
Domains with SPF and Wildcard TXT but not Both          :            0 (  0,00%)
Domains with SPF and Other Content in Wildcard TXT      :            0 (  0,00%)
Domains with SPF at Zone Apex                           :           81 (  0,12%)
Domains with SPF '+all'                                 :            0 (  0,00%)
Domains with SPF '-all'                                 :           28 (  0,04%)
Domains with SPF '?all'                                 :            6 (  0,01%)
Domains with SPF '~all'                                 :            3 (  0,00%)
Domains with Caller-ID and Wildcard TXT                 :            0 (  0,00%)
Domains with Caller-ID in Wildcard TXT                  :            0 (  0,00%)
Domains with Caller-ID and Wildcard TXT but not Both    :            0 (  0,00%)
Domains with Caller-ID and Other Content in Wildcard TXT:            0 (  0,00%)



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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'David Woodhouse'" <dwmw2@infradead.org>,
        IETF MARID WG
	 <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Moving on from the train wreck 
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Given the cacophony of verbiage you guys are throwing up I am not replying
to individual emails point be point, instead I am following the repeated
directions of the chair and I am collecting my points into one post.

I am not going to use a different email client to post to this list, the
references field is NOT mandatory. And a RIM device is in any case not going
to support anything other than top posting. And in any case RFC 2822 is NOT
an IETF standard while RFC 822 is. I have a standards compliant email
client, folk who demand support for Draft standards will be ignored.


When I said I agreed with the position raised by Andy that is exactly what I
meant. And yes we are re-opening discussions that were previously closed.
That is a consequence of having train wreck.
 
I find it very difficult to see at this point any area in which the work in
the group has improved the specifications over the input documents. We seem
to have even less consensus and industry support than we started with.
 
People need to decide who they are working for. Are they trying to build
something that will benefit the wider community or are they only interested
in developing systems that benefit themseves? There is a reason I use
commercial Internet software rather than niche applications for techies, it
isn't for my benefit, it is because it is the only way I can understand
problems from the perspective of the average user.
 
 


> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Woodhouse [ mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org
<mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org> ]
> Sent: Wednesday, September 15, 2004 3:59 AM
> To: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last
> call period
> of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004
>
>
>
> On Tue, 2004-09-14 at 20:35 -0500, wayne wrote:
> > [top quoting fixed, extra words deleted, and the Reference: header
> > restored.  All due to brain-dead mail software.]
>
> Thanks for fixing that; it's amazing how poorly people will behave in
> public fora. Personally, I configure my mailing lists to
> reject any mail
> with 'Re:' in the Subject: header but neither References: nor
> In-Reply-To: headers. Philip, you really ought to invest in some
> non-broken mail software if you want to use it in public.
>
> > "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com> writes:
> > > David Woodhouse [ mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org
<mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org> ] wrote:
> > >> I strongly disagree with this opinion. I believe that it
> does not make
> > >> sense to have multiple scopes, and certainly not to plan
> to add even
> > >> more scopes later. I shall explain my reasoning:
> > >
> > > I agree with Andy.
> >
> > No, apparently you agree with David Woodhouse.  It is easy to get
> > confused when you don't use proper quoting.
> >
> > > I thought we should have done this all along.
> >
> > Yes, I know.  This was discussed long ago.  The rough consensus was
> > against your opinion.  I thought that while there should be multiple
> > scopes, we could have one record that covered them all.  The rough
> > consensus was against my opinion.
> >
> > Now, can we *PLEASE* stop re-raising old issues everything
> someone new
> > comes into this working group?
>
> Maybe I have indeed missed the discussion on this precise topic, but I
> suspect you might both have missed my point -- and in either case I
> apologise. Philip might be used to upside-down email and have thought
> that my first paragraph was in fact my conclusion, but I didn't expect
> that of you so it's probably my fault for not being concise enough in
> the first place.
>
> I was not saying that we should ditch either pra or mail-from
> scope and
> continue with only one or the two, which I know is an opinion
> which has
> been voiced before.
>
> I was saying that we should ditch _both_ pra and mail-from scopes and
> continue with something more appropriate.
>
> The point was that the mail-from and pra scopes are _both_ only useful
> for determining a trust level for a given mail server, by determining
> whom it belongs to. The 'domain' we use becomes nothing more than an
> arbitrary 'trust handle' which isn't even seen by most users
> anyway, as
> it's hidden in the Return-Path: or
> Resent-From:^WForwarded-For: headers.
>
> The mailfrom/pra scopes are not useful as end-to-end validation that a
> given mail really did come from the person from whom it
> claims to come.
> A mailfrom/pra 'PASS' is neither necessary nor sufficient to make that
> judgement reliably. There are both false positives and false negatives
> if one were to inadvisedly use it for such a purpose.
>
> Yet the very nature of the scopes makes it easy for the naÃ¯ve user or
> admin to believe that they can be used that way. Therefore, it is
> actually counterproductive -- because it encourages a mistaken belief
> that this provides real end-to-end authentication when it cannot.
>
> My suggestion is that we should go forward with an entirely
> _different_
> scope, not just unify on either mail-from or whatever the unencumbered
> pra replacement would be.
>
> There are many possibilities which would offer us some 'handle' on the
> owner of the mail server in question, without all the problems which
> both mail-from and pra scopes suffer.
>
> --
> dwmw2
>
> 

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<P><FONT size=2>Given the cacophony of verbiage you guys are throwing up I am 
not replying to individual emails point be point, instead I am following the 
repeated directions of the chair and I am collecting my points into one 
post.</FONT></P>
<DIV><FONT size=2>I am not going to use a different email client to post to this 
list, the references field is NOT mandatory. And a RIM device is in any case not 
going to support anything other than top posting. And in any case RFC 2822 is 
NOT an IETF standard while RFC 822 is. I have a standards compliant email 
client, folk who demand support for Draft standards will be 
<STRONG>ignored</STRONG>.</FONT></DIV><FONT size=2></FONT><FONT size=2>
<DIV><BR><BR>When I said I agreed with the position raised by Andy that is 
exactly what I meant. And yes we are re-opening discussions that were previously 
closed. That is a consequence of having train wreck.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I find it very difficult to see at this point any area in which the work in 
the group has improved the specifications over the input documents. We seem to 
have even less consensus and industry&nbsp;support than we started with.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>People need to decide who they are working for. Are they trying to build 
something that will benefit the wider community or are they only interested in 
developing systems that benefit themseves? There is a reason I use commercial 
Internet software rather than niche applications for techies, it isn't for my 
benefit, it is because it is the only way I can understand problems from the 
perspective of the average user.</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><BR><BR>&gt; -----Original Message-----<BR>&gt; From: David Woodhouse [<A 
href="mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org">mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org</A>]<BR>&gt; Sent: 
Wednesday, September 15, 2004 3:59 AM<BR>&gt; To: IETF MARID WG<BR>&gt; Subject: 
Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last<BR>&gt; call period<BR>&gt; 
of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; On Tue, 
2004-09-14 at 20:35 -0500, wayne wrote:<BR>&gt; &gt; [top quoting fixed, extra 
words deleted, and the Reference: header<BR>&gt; &gt; restored.&nbsp; All due to 
brain-dead mail software.]<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Thanks for fixing that; it's amazing 
how poorly people will behave in<BR>&gt; public fora. Personally, I configure my 
mailing lists to<BR>&gt; reject any mail<BR>&gt; with 'Re:' in the Subject: 
header but neither References: nor<BR>&gt; In-Reply-To: headers. Philip, you 
really ought to invest in some<BR>&gt; non-broken mail software if you want to 
use it in public.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" 
&lt;pbaker@verisign.com&gt; writes:<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt; David Woodhouse [<A 
href="mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org">mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org</A>] wrote:<BR>&gt; 
&gt; &gt;&gt; I strongly disagree with this opinion. I believe that it<BR>&gt; 
does not make<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;&gt; sense to have multiple scopes, and certainly 
not to plan<BR>&gt; to add even<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;&gt; more scopes later. I shall 
explain my reasoning:<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt; I agree with 
Andy.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; No, apparently you agree with David 
Woodhouse.&nbsp; It is easy to get<BR>&gt; &gt; confused when you don't use 
proper quoting.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt; I thought we should have done 
this all along.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; Yes, I know.&nbsp; This was discussed 
long ago.&nbsp; The rough consensus was<BR>&gt; &gt; against your opinion.&nbsp; 
I thought that while there should be multiple<BR>&gt; &gt; scopes, we could have 
one record that covered them all.&nbsp; The rough<BR>&gt; &gt; consensus was 
against my opinion.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; Now, can we *PLEASE* stop 
re-raising old issues everything<BR>&gt; someone new<BR>&gt; &gt; comes into 
this working group?<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Maybe I have indeed missed the discussion on 
this precise topic, but I<BR>&gt; suspect you might both have missed my point -- 
and in either case I<BR>&gt; apologise. Philip might be used to upside-down 
email and have thought<BR>&gt; that my first paragraph was in fact my 
conclusion, but I didn't expect<BR>&gt; that of you so it's probably my fault 
for not being concise enough in<BR>&gt; the first place.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; I was 
not saying that we should ditch either pra or mail-from<BR>&gt; scope 
and<BR>&gt; continue with only one or the two, which I know is an 
opinion<BR>&gt; which has<BR>&gt; been voiced before.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; I was 
saying that we should ditch _both_ pra and mail-from scopes and<BR>&gt; continue 
with something more appropriate.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; The point was that the 
mail-from and pra scopes are _both_ only useful<BR>&gt; for determining a trust 
level for a given mail server, by determining<BR>&gt; whom it belongs to. The 
'domain' we use becomes nothing more than an<BR>&gt; arbitrary 'trust handle' 
which isn't even seen by most users<BR>&gt; anyway, as<BR>&gt; it's hidden in 
the Return-Path: or<BR>&gt; Resent-From:^WForwarded-For: 
headers.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; The mailfrom/pra scopes are not useful as end-to-end 
validation that a<BR>&gt; given mail really did come from the person from whom 
it<BR>&gt; claims to come.<BR>&gt; A mailfrom/pra 'PASS' is neither necessary 
nor sufficient to make that<BR>&gt; judgement reliably. There are both false 
positives and false negatives<BR>&gt; if one were to inadvisedly use it for such 
a purpose.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Yet the very nature of the scopes makes it easy for 
the naÃ¯ve user or<BR>&gt; admin to believe that they can be used that way. 
Therefore, it is<BR>&gt; actually counterproductive -- because it encourages a 
mistaken belief<BR>&gt; that this provides real end-to-end authentication when 
it cannot.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; My suggestion is that we should go forward with an 
entirely<BR>&gt; _different_<BR>&gt; scope, not just unify on either mail-from 
or whatever the unencumbered<BR>&gt; pra replacement would be.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; 
There are many possibilities which would offer us some 'handle' on the<BR>&gt; 
owner of the mail server in question, without all the problems which<BR>&gt; 
both mail-from and pra scopes suffer.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; --<BR>&gt; 
dwmw2<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; </FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------_=_NextPart_001_01C49CC1.CC97FB30--



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 11:29:03 2004
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On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
>   I'm not sure how any "MAIL FROM" checking can prevent spoofing on a
> shared MTA.

For a rough outline, see http://www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~fanf2/hermes/doc/antiforgery/cam.txt

In summary: users submit email using SMTP AUTH. They are prevented from
using a bounce address that belongs to someone else (which is reasonably
easy to do with Exim). Their bounce address is modified according to BATV
or a similar scheme; the tag provides a guarantee that the message was
submitted by the authenticated user identified in the bounce address. Each
time a message is passed through the system for unauthenticated relaying
the bounce address is checked: if it's a local address it must be
correctly modified according to BATV.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
CAPE WRATH TO RATTRAY HEAD INCLUDING ORKNEY: SOUTHERLY 5 OR 6, DECREASING 4
FOR A TIME, BUT BACKING SOUTHEASTERLY AND INCREASING 6 TO GALE 8 OVERNIGHT.
RAIN LATER. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE. MODERATE OR ROUGH, OCCASIONALLY SLIGHT IN
THE MORAY FIRTH.



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On Fri, Sep 17, 2004 at 07:22:44AM -0700,
 Hallam-Baker, Phillip <pbaker@verisign.com> wrote 
 a message of 233 lines which said:

> We seem to have even less consensus and industry support than we
> started with.

It is often the case in working groups. Sometimes, problems are more
complicated than they seem at the first glance and work done in common
help to push asides half-baked ideas. Hardly a failure.

[Below this point, we are off-topic.]
  
> There is a reason I use commercial Internet software rather than
> niche applications for techies, it isn't for my benefit, it is
> because it is the only way I can understand problems from the
> perspective of the average user.

Walk two or three miles to get water, instead of turning the tap, and
you will understand problems from the perspective of the average
African woman. Interesting idea.



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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'william(at)elan.net'" <william@elan.net>, Andrew Newton
	 <andy@hxr.us>
Cc: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com, IETF MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: Microsoft's Updated Statement about IPR Claimed in <draft-iet
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> From: william(at)elan.net [mailto:william@elan.net]
> P.S. For the authors of this patent reading the list, I'll 
> note that I 
> found it funny that patent mentions taking first address of the From 
> header. The RFC2822 is very clear that if From header is group of
> addresses, then Sender header MUST be present and that is where info
> is to be looked at (if its not, one can probably discard the message 
> as not RFC compliant). I  simply did not expect such a stupid 
> mistake as
> far as email standars are concerned to be part of the patent text.

The email system in use has never been fully RFC compliant.

RFC 2822 was an attempt to rectify that problem, twenty years after
the fact. If you are writing a patent you are well advised to make
claims with respect to both theory and practice.

Specifications only become standards if the authors can persuade
people to implement and deploy.

There is no automatic right that this group or any other has to
have the advice it gives to the Internet community acted upon.

Nobody ever elected us to make decisions on their behalf. We are
not accountable to the Internet community. Those who do not accept
accountability cannot hold others accountable.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 12:58:18 2004
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I know Meng and crew went nuts developing a stack of libraries to support SPF
v1 (yes v1, the same thing that AOL's using to check incoming mail).  I'd
like to know if someone's developed an event sink for Exchange 2000 or 2003
yet among that stack.

I refer to event sinks because these seem to be the favoured way to act on
SMTP events on Exchange 2K.  You can trigger an event during a RFC 2821
conversaion or after the message is received, and in the case of receiving
after the fact it can trigger a VBS script.

A really clever add-on could even automatically insert records into the DNS
through dynamic update when the Exchange server starts.

What would really impress me further is a replacement routing DLL for
Exchange 5.5.

And no, I don't have the time to code all this, not anymore anyway.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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<off-topic>

On Fri, 17 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote in
<C6DDA43B91BFDA49AA2F1E473732113E010BEB99@mou1wnexm05.vcorp.ad.vrsn.com>:

>The email system in use has never been fully RFC compliant.RFC 2822 was 
>an attempt to rectify that problem, twenty years after the fact.

I agree with above, but I note that it seems to contradict same author's 
earlier statement (below). Either we truly agrees that supporting RFC2822 
(no matter if its "proposed" or "draft" statement right now) is important 
towards fixing problems with email non-comliance or we continue to be in 
the 80s world with positions like this:

On Fri, 17 Sep 2004, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote in
<C6DDA43B91BFDA49AA2F1E473732113E010BEB98@mou1wnexm05.vcorp.ad.vrsn.com>:

>I am not going to use a different email client to post to this list, the
>references field is NOT mandatory. And a RIM device is in any case not
>going to support anything other than top posting. And in any case RFC
>2822 is NOT an IETF standard while RFC 822 is. I have a standards
>compliant email client, folk who demand support for Draft standards
>will be ignored.

P.S. As a frequent top-poster myself, I note that it is inappropriate
to critisize this practice simply because one does not use it. The 
practice is not against any standards and as frequent readers of the
email list are expected to have already read message being replied to 
they cat actually benefit from not having to scroll through bunch of ">>>" 
first. Top-posting also allows to designate when you're replying to
entire email as opposed to when replying to specific parts of the email
in which case buttom-posting is more favorable to clearly designate the 
part being replied to. Both conventions have their own use in email world.

</off-topic>

---
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 17 Sep 2004 15:53:04 BST."
             <Pine.LNX.4.60.0409171546380.14684@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk> 
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 2004 13:06:01 -0400
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Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at> wrote:
> On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:
> >
> >   I'm not sure how any "MAIL FROM" checking can prevent spoofing on a
> > shared MTA.
> 
> For a rough outline, see http://www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~fanf2/hermes/doc/antiforgery/cam.txt

  Quoting that sentence out of context, I can understand your
response.

  Your system describes a method for a shared MTA to guarantee that
any message it forwards is truly from the claimed originator.  That's
nice, but not useful to anyone else in the network.

  My repeated, and explicit, comments in this thread have described
the problems faced by the recipient who is sent the message from the
shared MTA.  That recipient has no way to verify that the message is
not spoofed by another domain using the shared MTA.

  Any method which permits the recipient to verify the "MAIL FROM"
must involve the originator.  The shared MTA can claim that it is
forwarding the message, but because it is not the originator, it
cannot authenticate the message as truly coming from the originator.

  The shared MTA can use special/local information in order to
authenticate to it's own satisfaction the "true" origin of the
message.  That information is not available to others in the network,
so they cannot perform the same authentication to satisfy themselves
as to the true origin of the message.  And they cannot take the word
of the shared MTA, as it may be compromised.

  Alan DeKok.



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On Fri, Sep 17, 2004 at 04:46:14PM +0100, David Woodhouse wrote:
| 
| 1. The use of '-all' on domains which do actually send mail should be
| forbidden in both mailfrom and pra scopes, until a later date when it is
| decided that enough of the world has upgraded to cope with this.
| 

isn't that why the standards track is a standards track and
not a standards point?

if we expect it will take 1 to 3 years for the world to
upgrade, maybe we can take 1 to 3 years to move from
proposed standard to draft standard to standard.




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Subject: Re: Patent Application 683624
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
Cc: IETF MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-16 at 23:41, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Douglas Otis wrote:
> 
> > From their presentation, the concept was to impose about a 16 second
> > additional CPU message burden for the sender.  Their statement was such
> > additional overhead doubled the cost of equipment for the sender.  This
> > does not consider that many abusive senders control millions of Window
> > machines with hidden Trojan proxies and never pay for their use. 
> 
> And besides, the CPU  costs are rapidly going down with twice as fast CPUs
> being released every one or two years. You simply can't rely on this 
> technique - the hardware cost even for spammer that does not use zombie
> machines is likely to be low percentage for cost of his operation - its 
> the cost of hosting of such machine on "spam tolerant" network that is high.

Increased overhead burdens legitimate mail disproportionately more than
it does for illegitimate senders.  Higher overhead moves toward a system
that does not achieve the needed scale and that becomes more fragile or
prone.

> > It does bring up the issue of cost for a maximal 200 second receiver
> > burden for resolving Sender-ID or SPF records.  With a common spammer
> > technique of using random sub-domains, this will keep filters guessing
> > and the DNS resolvers scrambling for records. 
> 
> I note that the same problem exists with absolutely every proposal before
> MARID. And in reality its not really proper concern for this group, we
> need to worry how to properly identify GOOD senders and how to make sure
> THEIR domains are not forged.

The focus should be centered upon establishing a basis for
accountability with low overhead (i.e. CSV).  The marid-mpr draft was to
show once a reasonably strong name or identity is established, to then
include mailbox domain constraints only requires a name list.  There is
then no need for "includes", "redirects" or various other subsequent
record lookups.  Your point is on point, however.

> That spammers can still buy new domains for almost nothing ($6) or use 
> subdomains which are technically free to them and then publish MARID 
> records there is outside the scope of this group - it is something to be 
> addressed by reputation.

You are right, obtaining a new domain becomes just another cost of doing
business for the spammer.  I see some sites, in efforts to bypass
filters, pickup several domains a day.

> > It would seemi illegitimate senders win in any war of escalated 
> > overheads.  If only these innovators would properly handle a temp error, 
> > we could slow unknown senders without punishing legitimate senders. ; )
> 
> I did not understand how handling temp error would help. Can you explain
> or give example?

Although a good list may be relatively complete, there will always be
new users and legitimate domains that will need to enter the system. 
Rather than tar-pitting, a friendlier method may be to cap these obscure
domains until there is a history established.  Capping could be done by
issuing a temp error.  There will still need to be a clearing house to
note the good domains that have "gone bad" and perhaps help identity the
new domains from the older well behaved.  

Microsoft innovations have overlooked some basic elements to grapple
with the spam problem.  Forwarding the message should include all
headers to make submitting a complaint something an average user would
be able to do.  Handling of temp errors should cause a sizable delay
before the delivery is retried.  Some sites require the use of DoS
blocking techniques to handle poor behavior.

-Doug



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On Fri, 17 Sep 2004, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
>   Your system describes a method for a shared MTA to guarantee that
> any message it forwards is truly from the claimed originator.  That's
> nice, but not useful to anyone else in the network.

My setup's a bit odd in that the MX, MSA, and general-purpose relay are
different functions of the same system. This means care is required when
thinking about the various functions.

Although you can set up BATV on an outgoing relay in the manner that you
rightly criticise, if you set it up on an authenticated MSA and the
corresponding MDA you do get the guarantees that you want.

>   Any method which permits the recipient to verify the "MAIL FROM"
> must involve the originator.

Agreed.

> The shared MTA can claim that it is forwarding the message, but because
> it is not the originator, it cannot authenticate the message as truly
> coming from the originator.

In my case I can because the shared MTA is also the MSA and the final
delivery system for the domain in question. It is therefore authoritative
regarding which addresses are valid at that domain. If a message is
submitted other than via the MSA, or without a username and password
corresponding to the bounce address, it'll be rejected.

> That information is not available to others in the network, so they
> cannot perform the same authentication to satisfy themselves as to the
> true origin of the message.

At the moment you can use callback verification to acheive this. We hope
to have more lightweight alternatives in the future. Note that if
intermediate MTA relays do CBV then the MSA/MDA for the domain don't have
to be directly accessible to the Internet: CBV is transitive.

> And they cannot take the word of the shared MTA, as it may be
> compromised.

At that point you have to rely on reputation systems. Authentication is
not the whole of the solution. A domain with poor authentication is a
spammer-friendly domain.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
COLWYN BAY TO THE MULL OF GALLOWAY INCLUDING THE ISLE OF MAN: SOUTH OR
SOUTHWEST 4 OR 5, INCREASING 6 TO GALE 8 FOR A TIME, VEERING WEST 5 OR 6
LATER. RAIN THEN SHOWERS. MODERATE OR GOOD, PERHAPS POOR FOR A TIME. ROUGH.



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To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 13 Sep 2004 22:28:28 CDT."
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wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote:

{apologies for the delay}

> For example, you say that 2% of TXT records are used for SPF.  This
> may well be true, but at the spot in the domain hierarchy where SPF
> records are likely to be checked (the email domain names), I found 19%

email domain names as in '2nd level domain names' or 'owners of MX RRs'?
There's still some hierarchy in the DNS and as an example I found a single
zone with nearly 300 SPF RRs "v=spf1 -all" without an MX RR at the same owner.

> Can you give me a pointer to this survey that you are referring to?

It's based on the raw data collected during the RIPE DNS hostcount for the
DE toplevel domain.

> Can you explain the differences between the 2% you quote and the 36% I
> found?

The hostcount works by examining every zone at every level it can get hold of.
Let's take further discussion of the survey mechanics off list, please.

My point was that neither are TXT RRs mostly used for SPF nor is the
deployment broad enough to give a pressing need to stick with TXT RRs.
Dealing with transition in the spec is OK, but that should be done in an
appendix or an informational document.

-Peter



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Subject: Re: Moving on from the train wreck
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Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

> I am not going to use a different email client to post to this list, the 
> references field is NOT mandatory. And a RIM device is in any case not 
> going to support anything other than top posting. And in any case RFC 
> 2822 is NOT an IETF standard while RFC 822 is. I have a standards 
> compliant email client, folk who demand support for Draft standards will 
> be *ignored*.

As some folks will ignore you after your public outing as an antisocial. 
This does not exactly bolster your credibility as a contributor to this 
group. Somehow this fits in very well with the behaviour of your current 
employer.

> I find it very difficult to see at this point any area in which the work 
> in the group has improved the specifications over the input documents. 
> We seem to have even less consensus and industry support than we started 
> with.
>  
> People need to decide who they are working for. Are they trying to build 
> something that will benefit the wider community or are they only 
> interested in developing systems that benefit themseves? There is a 
> reason I use commercial Internet software rather than niche applications 
> for techies, it isn't for my benefit, it is because it is the only way I 
> can understand problems from the perspective of the average user.

So you imply that the industry is representing the largest part of the 
community. Corporations represent their shareholders, not their 
customers. This is why Microsoft is not willing to give up on its patent 
claim, even if it would also benefit their users to do so.

regards,

/tom




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 14:57:42 2004
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Subject: Re: migration strategy for "-all"
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Fri, 2004-09-17 at 13:22 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> isn't that why the standards track is a standards track and
> not a standards point?
> 
> if we expect it will take 1 to 3 years for the world to
> upgrade, maybe we can take 1 to 3 years to move from
> proposed standard to draft standard to standard.

An excellent idea. Then shall we settle upon the following:

While SRS is not officially documented or is merely a proposed standard,
the language should be that you 'MUST NOT' publish a record ending in
'-all' for a domain which does actually send mail.Â¹

When SRS becomes part of a draft standard _and_ is widely implemented,
that can be relaxed to 'SHOULD NOT'. Finally when SRS becomes part of a
real standard, the restriction can be relaxed entirely.

That's my preference -- to save unnecessary amounts of email being
traded back and forth, let me save time and draw up a table of what I'll
admit up-front that I'll reluctantly fall back to under pressure :)

SRS status      Preference	Acceptable
--------------------------------------------
I-D or less	MUST NOT	MUST NOT
RFC		MUST NOT	SHOULD NOT
Proposed Std.	MUST NOT	SHOULD NOT
Draft Std.	MUST NOT	SHOULD NOT
Draft++		SHOULD NOT	MAY
Standard.	MAY		MAY

Note the 'Draft++' state indicates a state where SRS is both a Draft
Standard and _also_ is found to have widespread implementation.

Also note that the same set of requirements is appropriate for PRA
w.r.t. the addition of whatever replaces the Resent-From: header.

However -- unless I'm mistaken, the MARID drafts don't actually document
SRS, while they do document the requirement to add a header when
forwarding. So the language in the marid-pra draft would be tied to its
_own_ progression through the standards-track, while the language in the
marid-mailfrom draft would be tied to the progress of something else
which does not yet exist. While that's unfixed, we remain on the first
line of my table above.

I consider the lack of documentation of SRS (or indeed of any other
mechanism which must be implemented to correct the flawed assumptions of
the original SPF) to be a serious technical omission in the current
marid-mailfrom draft.

The PRA folks have documented the required fix for _their_ flawed
assumptions, and once the choice of header is fixed it's not so onerous,
so it stands a reasonable chance of getting deployed and hence fixing
their assumptions. The mailfrom folks desperately need to catch up.

-- 
dwmw2

Â¹ I'd also accept qualifying this with "unless the previous mechanisms
do not depend on the deployment of SRS". For example, if I were using a
stunt DNS server in conjunction with the 'exists' mechanism and my
existing BATV implementation, or if I were using marid-mailfrom simply
to publish a list of 'acceptable' localparts for my domain without any
IP-based restrictions, then the
use of '-all' would make sense even today.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 15:51:17 2004
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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
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 "Alan DeKok" declared:
<snip>
>
>   My repeated, and explicit, comments in this thread have described
> the problems faced by the recipient who is sent the message from the
> shared MTA.  That recipient has no way to verify that the message is
> not spoofed by another domain using the shared MTA.
>
>   Any method which permits the recipient to verify the "MAIL FROM"
> must involve the originator.  The shared MTA can claim that it is
> forwarding the message, but because it is not the originator, it
> cannot authenticate the message as truly coming from the originator.
>
>   The shared MTA can use special/local information in order to
> authenticate to it's own satisfaction the "true" origin of the
> message.  That information is not available to others in the network,
> so they cannot perform the same authentication to satisfy themselves
> as to the true origin of the message.  And they cannot take the word
> of the shared MTA, as it may be compromised.
>


My understanding is that SPF records declare the policy of the _sender_.  If the
sender trusts the shared MTA to verify all originators and to prevent
cross-customer spoofing, then the sender can use something like '+mx -all' and
the receiver should respect the sender's trust in the shared MTA s/he uses.

If the sender does not trust the shared MTA, the s/he will be ill-advised to
publish such a self-confident policy.

If the sender's trust in the shared MTA is misplaced, IMHO that's an issue for
the sender, not for the receiver.


I think the more pressing  issue in this area is a deployment one:

How many MTA 'products' are there today which would let a well-intentioned MTA
service provider implement and operate such a shared MTA?

How many service operators have now, or have plans for, such a service?

When this question was asked recently asked in 'another place' - one very
interested in SPF - there were two declarations of intent to offer what I would
term an 'alpha-grade' service in a few weeks time. No one could identify any
production-grade services or technology.

I'd be delighted to see evidence to the contrary.

This lack of a suitable shared-server technology could limit the rate of market
deployment of whatever scheme we chose - particularly for those many domains
unable / unwilling to run their own dedicated outbound servers.

Chris Haynes




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 16:27:02 2004
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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Douglas Otis'" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>,
        "william(at)elan.net"
	 <william@elan.net>
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Subject: RE: Patent Application 683624
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The computational puzzles approach is outside the scope of this
wg, so why are we having a prolonged discussion of it here as
opposed to ASRG?



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Douglas Otis [mailto:dotis@mail-abuse.org]
> Sent: Friday, September 17, 2004 1:38 PM
> To: william(at)elan.net
> Cc: IETF MARID List
> Subject: Re: Patent Application 683624
> 
> 
> 
> On Thu, 2004-09-16 at 23:41, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> > On Thu, 16 Sep 2004, Douglas Otis wrote:
> > 
> > > From their presentation, the concept was to impose about 
> a 16 second
> > > additional CPU message burden for the sender.  Their 
> statement was such
> > > additional overhead doubled the cost of equipment for the 
> sender.  This
> > > does not consider that many abusive senders control 
> millions of Window
> > > machines with hidden Trojan proxies and never pay for their use. 
> > 
> > And besides, the CPU  costs are rapidly going down with 
> twice as fast CPUs
> > being released every one or two years. You simply can't 
> rely on this 
> > technique - the hardware cost even for spammer that does 
> not use zombie
> > machines is likely to be low percentage for cost of his 
> operation - its 
> > the cost of hosting of such machine on "spam tolerant" 
> network that is high.
> 
> Increased overhead burdens legitimate mail disproportionately 
> more than
> it does for illegitimate senders.  Higher overhead moves 
> toward a system
> that does not achieve the needed scale and that becomes more 
> fragile or
> prone.
> 
> > > It does bring up the issue of cost for a maximal 200 
> second receiver
> > > burden for resolving Sender-ID or SPF records.  With a 
> common spammer
> > > technique of using random sub-domains, this will keep 
> filters guessing
> > > and the DNS resolvers scrambling for records. 
> > 
> > I note that the same problem exists with absolutely every 
> proposal before
> > MARID. And in reality its not really proper concern for 
> this group, we
> > need to worry how to properly identify GOOD senders and how 
> to make sure
> > THEIR domains are not forged.
> 
> The focus should be centered upon establishing a basis for
> accountability with low overhead (i.e. CSV).  The marid-mpr 
> draft was to
> show once a reasonably strong name or identity is established, to then
> include mailbox domain constraints only requires a name list. 
>  There is
> then no need for "includes", "redirects" or various other subsequent
> record lookups.  Your point is on point, however.
> 
> > That spammers can still buy new domains for almost nothing 
> ($6) or use 
> > subdomains which are technically free to them and then 
> publish MARID 
> > records there is outside the scope of this group - it is 
> something to be 
> > addressed by reputation.
> 
> You are right, obtaining a new domain becomes just another 
> cost of doing
> business for the spammer.  I see some sites, in efforts to bypass
> filters, pickup several domains a day.
> 
> > > It would seemi illegitimate senders win in any war of escalated 
> > > overheads.  If only these innovators would properly 
> handle a temp error, 
> > > we could slow unknown senders without punishing 
> legitimate senders. ; )
> > 
> > I did not understand how handling temp error would help. 
> Can you explain
> > or give example?
> 
> Although a good list may be relatively complete, there will always be
> new users and legitimate domains that will need to enter the system. 
> Rather than tar-pitting, a friendlier method may be to cap 
> these obscure
> domains until there is a history established.  Capping could 
> be done by
> issuing a temp error.  There will still need to be a clearing house to
> note the good domains that have "gone bad" and perhaps help 
> identity the
> new domains from the older well behaved.  
> 
> Microsoft innovations have overlooked some basic elements to grapple
> with the spam problem.  Forwarding the message should include all
> headers to make submitting a complaint something an average user would
> be able to do.  Handling of temp errors should cause a sizable delay
> before the delivery is retried.  Some sites require the use of DoS
> blocking techniques to handle poor behavior.
> 
> -Doug
> 



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 17 Sep 2004 20:18:45 BST."
             <024b01c49ceb$281f6410$0200000a@ringo> 
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"Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk> wrote:
> My understanding is that SPF records declare the policy of the
> _sender_.  If the sender trusts the shared MTA to verify all
> originators and to prevent cross-customer spoofing, then the sender
> can use something like '+mx -all' and the receiver should respect
> the sender's trust in the shared MTA s/he uses.

  In that case, the recipient has checked with the originator, and has
information by which to decide whether or not to trust the shared MTA.

  And yes, "originator trusts the shared MTA" still may mean that "the
message may be spoofed".  This indicates a weakness in any MAIL FROM
authentication. when shared MTA's are used.

  Alan DeKok.



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Subject: Re: Moving on from the train wreck
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Fri, 2004-09-17 at 07:22 -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> Given the cacophony of verbiage you guys are throwing up I am not
> replying to individual emails point be point, instead I am following
> the repeated directions of the chair and I am collecting my points
> into one post.

I did send a lot of email and for that I have already apologised to the
co-chairs after the three message guideline was mentioned to me.

Now that I am posting anyway, I offer my apology to the other
participants too. I shall limit my posting in future.

I made three main technical points which I then argued in support of;
none of which you appear to have addressed directly. They were:

1. The use of '-all' on domains which do actually send mail should be
forbidden in both mailfrom and pra scopes, until a later date when it is
decided that enough of the world has upgraded to cope with this.

Others said that this should be a site-specific policy, but we as a
group are here to co-ordinate _interoperability_ rather than preside
over a system which degenerates into chaos. By publishing RFCs we set up
rules which are to be followed to ensure compatibility -- an RFC 'MUST
NOT' is a rule which should be followed to ensure interoperability, not
a law which we would jail you for disobeying. 

As a compromise I suppose I would accept Rik van Riel's suggestion of a
SHOULD NOT. Others who vehemently opposed my suggestion of 'MUST NOT'
were also amenable to that.


2. The reuse of the Resent-From: header is not in accordance with
current practice, and not in accordance with many interpretations of
RFC2822. 

Although the latter point has been disputed, the former has not -- and
no reason has been put forward for the choice of 'Resent-From:' instead
of the introduction of a new and unambiguous header. Therefore I assume
that consensus has been reached, and this will be changed in the next
draft which describes the pra scope. As a straw man, I propose the use
of 'Forwarded-For:' in replacement.


3. The ability of forwarders to use SRS or the Forwarded-For: header to
change the 'responsible' domain renders the 'trust question' into simply
a matter of how much we trust the (owner of) the individual mail server
which is offering the mail. We are _not_ offering true end-to-end
authentication of messages, and it would be counterproductive for us to
give the illusion of doing so; there are other working groups looking at
real answers to that problem.

Thus, the odious requirements which are made of forwarders by the
mailfrom and pra scopes are unnecessary. We should look for alternative
'trust keys', rather than the domain in the RFC2821 MAIL FROM or RFC2822
headers respectively, which serve merely to identify the entity which is
responsible for the server in question.

Rand Wacker stated that he is concerned about the current direction,
because there hasn't been a lot of technical discussion about the
implications of changing the return-paths. With the note that this
applies just as much to the pra scope as the mailfrom scope, I agree
wholeheartedly with his opinion. The use of SRS and Forwarded-For: to
'take responsibility' for forwarded email seems to have been bolted on
as an afterthought, without much thought given to the implications.

> I find it very difficult to see at this point any area in which the
> work in the group has improved the specifications over the input
> documents. We seem to have even less consensus and industry support
> than we started with.

That in itself is useful information and should be considered deeply.

-- 
dwmw2



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Date: Fri, 17 Sep 2004 15:57:20 -0500
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Pete Resnick <presnick@qualcomm.com>
Subject: RE: TECH-ERROR: SenderID sets recomendation for forwarders that
 are not compatible with RFC 2822
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Sorry for my delay in responding. It's been one of those months. 
(Maybe one of those quarters. *sigh*). I had a read through the DRUMS 
archive (boy, was that unpleasant) and some personal mail on the 
topic. Let me attempt to answer a few things. I don't know if this is 
going to help:

1. Yes, the reason we called out "forwarding" as distinct from use of 
the Resent-* fields was in part because 822 (and a good number of 
people for many years) conflated "forwarding" with "redirecting" and 
"resending" and a host of other labels. So we defined the two senses 
of forwarding ((a) including a previous message in an entirely new 
message and (b) relaying from the MTA level) and said that Resent-* 
fields were not to be used in either case.

2. The use of .forward files is a horrible canonical example of 
anything. The problem is that .forward files were historically 
implemented using exactly the same MTA mechanism as alias files used 
in relaying. In both of those cases, the original MAIL FROM was 
preserved by the MTA and therefore was clearly not a case of 
"delivered and then resent." I definitely had some discussion with 
folks about whether or not Resent-* fields would be desirable in the 
.forward case and we didn't come to a strong conclusion.

3. The fact of the matter is that historically .forward files did not 
generate Resent-* and that's part of why we said not to put Resent-* 
fields on forwarded messages. With all due deference to Jim, you do 
*not* read IETF standards like a lawyer. IETF standards are, for most 
intents and purposes, de facto standards: We are documenting what's 
out there (or what we expect to be out there) so that everyone can do 
it the same and interoperate well together, and we're trying to be as 
precise as possible so that programmers can do what they need to do. 
We're not trying to write laws that people should interpret as best 
they can. We're trying to write down exactly what everyone is (and 
should be) doing. Occasionally, we don't do as well as we'd like.

4. I don't think there is anything inconsistent with 2822 in 
implementing an "automatic resend" function and putting Resent-* 
fields on those messages. But in that case, I would expect the bounce 
(MAIL FROM) address to be identical to the Resent-From/Resent-Sender 
address and that the resender would be able to receive and act on 
those bounces. Semantically, I see resending as making the *content* 
of the message appear end-to-end from original sender to resent 
recipient, but that has nothing to do with making the *transport* of 
the message appear end-to-end between original sender and resent 
recipient. MTA-level relaying makes the transport appear end-to-end 
even though there is this "forwarding" step in the middle, and IMO 
that shouldn't be using Resent-* fields.

My read is that the intent of SenderID is to eliminate all MTA-level 
relaying and require it to be changed to automatic resending instead. 
That may be OK, but understand that this is what you are doing.

Does that help?
-- 
Pete Resnick <http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/>
QUALCOMM Incorporated - Direct phone: (858)651-4478, Fax: (858)651-1102



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 18:18:17 2004
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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
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 "Alan DeKok" replied:

>
> "Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk> wrote:
> > My understanding is that SPF records declare the policy of the
> > _sender_.  If the sender trusts the shared MTA to verify all
> > originators and to prevent cross-customer spoofing, then the sender
> > can use something like '+mx -all' and the receiver should respect
> > the sender's trust in the shared MTA s/he uses.
>
>   In that case, the recipient has checked with the originator, and has
> information by which to decide whether or not to trust the shared MTA.

Yes - that's the way SPF works as it uses Mail-From.


>
>   And yes, "originator trusts the shared MTA" still may mean that "the
> message may be spoofed".  This indicates a weakness in any MAIL FROM
> authentication. when shared MTA's are used.
>

When I say "originator trusts the shared MTA" I mean "trusts the shared MTA to
have authenticated and identified the sender of each message (using SMTP AUTH or
equivalent),  and to have applied whatever logic is needed to prevent spoofing,
i.e. to ensure, for every message, that the sender is authorised to use the
'Mail-From' of that message".

If the originator's trust in the MTA' s ability to prevent spoofing is
well-founded, than the message cannot be spoofed, and Mail-From can be trusted.
(barring IP address spoofing, DNS penetration, physical penetration of MTA etc.
etc. - which are factors to be listed in the "Security Considerations").

I can't understand the basis of your concern about a "weakness in any MAIL
FROM..." .


Chris






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On Thu, 2004-09-16 at 21:58, Matthew Elvey wrote:

> Comparison of SPF3 and CSV+MPR:

> Of bind, GoDaddy and ZoneEdit, only BIND supports what CSV requires. 
> Technically, it's inferior, in that its usage of DNS is less efficient 
> and less standards-based.  MPR also has the cool bit-mapped fields for 
> explicit protection of 2822.From:, etc.  This could be added to SPF3.

Are you referring to web-based GUI interfaces for DNS entries to support
services?  Looking at their documentation, it was not clear that it was
possible to enter a TXT record either.  I would imagine do-it-yourself
providers will offer needed interfaces for elements supporting their
service once it becomes prevalently needed.  CSV is simple enough to
have it defined without any user intervention other than selecting the
host.

It is not clear what was being compared in this sentence.  I will assume
you were saying CSV is inferior.  : )

The SRV record is used extensively by Microsoft and acts as a
replacement for their WINS.  On some older versions of Bind, the name
checking is disabled to allow the underscore.  Use of the SRV record
does not require a text parser to interpret the record.  The SRV record
also automatically assembles relevant address records reported in the
additional data section.  Use of a TXT record which encodes other
domains, users, error messages, hostnames, addresses, settings, macros,
and is extensible will require a forever evolving parser.

With more and more flavors of TXT records employed due to the example
made by SPF, as well as adopting a practice of using wildcards, any use
of an extensible text script is not without risk.  Unlike other DNS
records with content defined by the record type, the TXT record should
assume opaque text strings.

Unlike SPF, names are consistently used and do not require the double
entry of host addresses as SPF may.  The alternative to replicate
address entry when using SPF, is to use record references and then cause
subsequent DNS lookups to then obtain the addresses for each reference. 
SPF is neither more standard or efficient.  The MPR name lists also
removes the need for subsequent lookups which are the bane of the SPF
approach.

The MPR lists, being a separate from the MTA authentication and
authorization, avoids the problems of "open" lists that invite
spoofing.  MPR can be deployed with an "open" list as a SHOULD without
any exploit concerns.  By marking or "coloring" the mail as being
outside the nominal mail channel, this should offer better consumer
protection than that achieved with Sender-ID's PRA algorithm yet not
breaking mail forwarding.

> =-=-=-=-=
> With respect to being able to outright reject forgeries without breaking 
> forwarding: 
> With HELO checks + A&R, I can see this becoming reasonable BCP.  Here's how:
> Forwarders (and mailing list hosts) will be expected to be running 
> MARID on their MTA.  If they are too lazy to do so, then they will be 
> found to be forwarding on obvious (to anyone using MARID) forgeries, and 
> thus their reputations will (justifiably) suffer.  It will probably not 
> be fair to blame 'em for all spam they forward, but it will be fair to 
> blame them for forwarding on obvious forgeries. The responsible 
> forwarders running MARID can be expected to have good HELO reputations.

Is this in reference to CSV?

-Doug




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I'm reading Pete's answer right, then adding Resent-From is ok in some 
forwarding cases but not in others and that in particular:
 1. Its not ok with .forward forwarding (specifically mentioned). This
    is very very common in the deployed base.
 2. Its not ok with any forwarding where RFC2821 Mail From remains the same
    as it was before forwarding (most of the forwarding systems deployed 
    on the net are like this)
 3. Its not ok if message is changed (this would include Mail Lists).

If this is correct I see that most of the cases where marid-core recomends
adding Resent-From is incompabile with RFC2822. If that is so then SenderID
core algorithm has a fundamental technical error and current drafts should 
not move forward and we should review our situation and look for alternative
technologies/algorithms that can meet our requirements.

On Fri, 17 Sep 2004, Pete Resnick wrote:

> 
> Sorry for my delay in responding. It's been one of those months. 
> (Maybe one of those quarters. *sigh*). I had a read through the DRUMS 
> archive (boy, was that unpleasant) and some personal mail on the 
> topic. Let me attempt to answer a few things. I don't know if this is 
> going to help:
> 
> 1. Yes, the reason we called out "forwarding" as distinct from use of 
> the Resent-* fields was in part because 822 (and a good number of 
> people for many years) conflated "forwarding" with "redirecting" and 
> "resending" and a host of other labels. So we defined the two senses 
> of forwarding ((a) including a previous message in an entirely new 
> message and (b) relaying from the MTA level) and said that Resent-* 
> fields were not to be used in either case.
> 
> 2. The use of .forward files is a horrible canonical example of 
> anything. The problem is that .forward files were historically 
> implemented using exactly the same MTA mechanism as alias files used 
> in relaying. In both of those cases, the original MAIL FROM was 
> preserved by the MTA and therefore was clearly not a case of 
> "delivered and then resent." I definitely had some discussion with 
> folks about whether or not Resent-* fields would be desirable in the 
> .forward case and we didn't come to a strong conclusion.
> 
> 3. The fact of the matter is that historically .forward files did not 
> generate Resent-* and that's part of why we said not to put Resent-* 
> fields on forwarded messages. With all due deference to Jim, you do 
> *not* read IETF standards like a lawyer. IETF standards are, for most 
> intents and purposes, de facto standards: We are documenting what's 
> out there (or what we expect to be out there) so that everyone can do 
> it the same and interoperate well together, and we're trying to be as 
> precise as possible so that programmers can do what they need to do. 
> We're not trying to write laws that people should interpret as best 
> they can. We're trying to write down exactly what everyone is (and 
> should be) doing. Occasionally, we don't do as well as we'd like.
> 
> 4. I don't think there is anything inconsistent with 2822 in 
> implementing an "automatic resend" function and putting Resent-* 
> fields on those messages. But in that case, I would expect the bounce 
> (MAIL FROM) address to be identical to the Resent-From/Resent-Sender 
> address and that the resender would be able to receive and act on 
> those bounces. Semantically, I see resending as making the *content* 
> of the message appear end-to-end from original sender to resent 
> recipient, but that has nothing to do with making the *transport* of 
> the message appear end-to-end between original sender and resent 
> recipient. MTA-level relaying makes the transport appear end-to-end 
> even though there is this "forwarding" step in the middle, and IMO 
> that shouldn't be using Resent-* fields.
> 
> My read is that the intent of SenderID is to eliminate all MTA-level 
> relaying and require it to be changed to automatic resending instead. 
> That may be OK, but understand that this is what you are doing.
> 
> Does that help?




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 19:35:50 2004
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To: Gordon Fecyk <gordonf@pan-am.ca>
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On Fri, Sep 17, 2004 at 11:01:36AM -0500, Gordon Fecyk wrote:
| 
| I know Meng and crew went nuts developing a stack of libraries to support SPF
| v1 (yes v1, the same thing that AOL's using to check incoming mail).  I'd
| like to know if someone's developed an event sink for Exchange 2000 or 2003
| yet among that stack.

does http://sourceforge.net/projects/spf-event-sink/ count?



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Subject: minor comments on draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03.txt
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First, thanks to the authors of the docs for all of their hard work!

Sorry if this is too picky, but I think RFCs (which is hopefully where
we are headed :) should be as close to perfect as possible since they
will be around for a long time.

And now, on with the nit-picking...

Section 1.2
-----------
drop the "a"?
	use the Sender-ID checks as part of the a larger set

Should be "are"?
	While the tests as a whole or optional

Insert "as"?
	it must as performed specified


Section 1.3
-----------
Should be "ensures" (i.e. plural)
	This ensure that


Section 2
---------
Drop "to"
	SPF records to declare

Should be "a scope of pra and mfrom" ?
	spf2.0/mfrom,pra +mx +a:colo.example.com/28 -all
	This record has a version of "spf2.0", a scope of "pra", and ...


Section 2.1
-----------
Drop "with" or "via"
	When published with via the SPF RR type 


Section 2.1.5
-------------
Should be "then that record"
	then record MUST be treated 


Section 2.1.8
-------------
should probably get moved up to appear after 2.1.2


Section 3.5
-----------
maybe briefly define "terms" here?
i.e. it is used in the ABNF but not defined until 3.6.1 which will leave
a new reader wondering


Section 3.6.1
-------------
Same as above.  Maybe include something here like:
	domain-spec : See Section 3.8
	macro-string : See Section 7.1


Section 4
---------
Should be "addresses"
	a set of <ip> address 

In general, it is confusing to read this section and distinguish
between:
   <ip> - the IP address of the host under test
and
   An IP Address returned by DNS lookup triggered by an SPF record
directive

Maybe that could be clarified a little further?

Should be "a comparison"
	mechanisms that perform an comparison 

"CIDR-length" is used here for the first time without being defined
anywhere


Section 4.3
-----------
"dual-cidr-length" isn't defined anywhere until Appendix A


Section 4.4
-----------
Maybe should specify "a DNS A record query" for clarity and consistency
with Section 4.7


Section 4.5
-----------
Extra ";"
	 if the <target-name> and a validated hostname; are the same


Section 4.7
-----------
Maybe this:
	The domain-spec is expanded as per Section 7
should be:
	The <domain-spec> is macro expanded (see Section 7) and becomes
the <target-name>
to be clear/consistent. (e.g. Section 5.2)

Actually, I'd be OK with just saying "target-name" since that is already
defined back in Section 3.8. :-)
(this happens several times thru the doc)

Should be "enables"
	This mechanism enable queries 


Section 5
---------
Maybe provide an example of the deprecated "default" modifier so we know
what to ignore. :-)


Section 5.2
-----------
Should be "TXT or SPF"
	The DNS TXT record 


Section 6.2
-----------
Insert "of"
	keep the number include directives


Section 7.1
-----------
Maybe "on their mechanisms and modifiers"
	on their arguments

The difference between these two:
	o = domain of <sender>
	d = <domain>

is not well defined.  
Furthermore, I don't think "d" is described at all in the following
paragraphs.


Section 8
---------
Pick one  :-)
	is assumed to be correct true

Should be "might be" since this is probably not a valid assumption
	Since this message is eventually shown to a user


Section 12.2
------------
Include reference to DNS (1035) and/or CIDR (1519?) RFCs here?


Appendix A
----------
I think we have an extra "/" for the ip6-cidr-length scenario:

	dual-cidr-length = [ ip4-cidr-length ] [ "/" ip6-cidr-length ]
	ip4-cidr-length  = "/" 1*DIGIT
	ip6-cidr-length  = "/" 1*DIGIT

e.g. unless "//128" would be correct?

I don't think "name" should be defined in the middle of "macro-char"
Probably after "scope-id" would be more appropriate.


Appendix B.1
------------
I think this should be "192.0.2.140/30 passes"
   spf2.0/mfrom,pra mx/30 mx:example.org/30 -all
      -- any sending host in 192.0.2.128/30 or 192.168.2.140/30 passes

i.e. "0" instead of "168"




Respectfully,
Nate



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Fri Sep 17 20:01:00 2004
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Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Chris Haynes <chris@harvington.org.uk>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Fri, 2004-09-17 at 14:37, Chris Haynes wrote:
>  "Alan DeKok" replied:
>
> > "Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk> wrote:
> > > My understanding is that SPF records declare the policy of the
> > > _sender_.  If the sender trusts the shared MTA to verify all
> > > originators and to prevent cross-customer spoofing, then the sender
> > > can use something like '+mx -all' and the receiver should respect
> > > the sender's trust in the shared MTA s/he uses.
> >
> >   In that case, the recipient has checked with the originator, and has
> > information by which to decide whether or not to trust the shared MTA.
> 
> Yes - that's the way SPF works as it uses Mail-From.
>
> >   And yes, "originator trusts the shared MTA" still may mean that "the
> > message may be spoofed".  This indicates a weakness in any MAIL FROM
> > authentication. when shared MTA's are used.
>
> When I say "originator trusts the shared MTA" I mean "trusts the shared MTA to
> have authenticated and identified the sender of each message (using SMTP AUTH or
> equivalent),  and to have applied whatever logic is needed to prevent spoofing,
> i.e. to ensure, for every message, that the sender is authorized to use the
> 'Mail-From' of that message".
> 
> If the originator's trust in the MTA' s ability to prevent spoofing is
> well-founded, than the message cannot be spoofed, and Mail-From can be trusted.
> (barring IP address spoofing, DNS penetration, physical penetration of MTA etc.
> etc. - which are factors to be listed in the "Security Considerations").
> 
> I can't understand the basis of your concern about a "weakness in any MAIL
> FROM..." .

When the SPF list is not terminated with "-all" but rather "?all" to
ensure forwarded mail receives a "Neutral" assessment and is not lost,
then even a shared MTA checking incoming mail for compliance with SPF
records allows a different domain with access to have their spoofing
message promoted to a "Pass" assessment.  In this case, the MTA provider
is in full compliance with the SPF specification, but "Pass" level
spoofing only requires a simple assertion of the mailbox domain.

An "open" list allows mail to continue normal functionality.  Until
public versions of digitally signed mail, such as IIM, DomainKeys, or
BATV are available, there is nothing to fill the gap to assure the
sender their mail will not be rejected based upon policies that describe
their nominal outbound mail but then make no other allowance.  Many
providers will not want their customer's mail rejected and cause a
disruption in service.  Their customer support efforts will be large and
likely met with an attrition.  Forcing use of a mailbox domain is also
counter to consumer protection as this needlessly ties them to a
provider.

Beyond digital signatures, there is nothing to avoid this "closed" list
problem.  The marid-mpr mechanism, instead of Sender-ID, stops inviting
>From spoofing as a means of obtaining a false reputation.  The use of
BATV also stops inviting the spoofing of MAIL FROM as a means to avoid
access blocking.

The weakness in using either MAIL FROM or the PRA for establishing an
identity used in a reputation system is caused through the ease of
spoofing this identity.  In addition, this identity fails to locate the
problem as a means to curtail abuse from either the sender's or
receiver's perspective.  By using the stronger MTA name for performing
reputation services, a compromised or poorly administered MTA is located
and blocked.  This imposes a responsibility on the providers to monitor
their outbound SMTP logs and respond to abuse@ complaints.

-Doug



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From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
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Subject: IPR: analysis of Microsoft patent applications
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I have read the two Microsoft patent applications published yesterday
and analyzed the claims.  I'm not a patent lawyer or patent agent, but
I have read enough patents over the years that I think I can do an
adequate job of figuring out what their claims cover.

Visit http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html and search
for 60/454517, the serial number of the provisional application from
which they both derive, or you can download PDF versions from my web
site at http://www.taugh.com/20040181571.pdf and
http://www.taugh.com/20040181585.pdf

Patents consist of a narrative description of the invention, followed
by claims.  A claim can be independent, standing on its own, or
dependent, based on a previous claim.  Dependent claims are generally
minor tweaks to independent claims, so I'll look at each independent
claim and all of its dependent claims as a group.

* Application 20040181571

This application is the less troublesome of the two.  About 2/3 of it
deals with methods of detecting IP spoofing, which aren't relevant
here (or, if you ask me, anywhere else since TCP stacks started
randomizing sequence numbers.)  The rest describes what is essentially
Caller ID.

Claims 1-8 and 10-21 cover anti-IP-spoofing techniques.  (There's
no claim 9.  Oops.)

Claims 22-38 cover Caller ID.  Claim 22 says:

22. In a receiving domain that is network connectable to one or more
    sending domains, the receiving domain including one or more
    receiving messaging servers configured to receive electronic
    messages from sending domains, a method for determining if a
    sending messaging server is authorized to send electronic messages
    for a sending domain, the method comprising: 

    an act of receiving an electronic message purportedly sent from
    the sending domain;

    an act of examining a plurality of parameter values of the
    electronic message to attempt to identify an actual sending side
    network address corresponding to a sending computer system;
    
    an act of querying a name server for a list of network addresses
    authorized to send electronic messages for the sending domain;

    an act of determining if the actual sending side network address
    is authorized to send electronic messages for the sending domain;

    and an act of providing results of the determination to an message
    classification module such that the message classification module
    can make a more reliable decision as to classifying the received
    electronic message.

Note the word "plurality" in clause 3, which is patent-speak for "more
than one".  I believe that SPF classic, which only checks a single
message parameter, the bounce address, isn't covered here.  SPF may
also check the HELO domain, but that's not a parameter of the message,
it's a parameter of the connection.  Yes, this is hair-splitting.
Welcome to the wonderful world of patents.

Claims 39-41 and 42-45 cover anti-IP-spoofing.

Claims 46-49 cover Caller ID again, phrased in a different way.  They
also refer to a "plurality of parameter values of the electronic
message".

* Application 20040181585

The claims in this application are breathtakingly broad.  Along with a
lot of computational puzzles, which we don't care about, they cover a
wide class of sender verifications and, as an afterthought, scoring
spam filters.

Claims 1-18 cover sender verification.  Claim 1 is extremely broad:

1. In a receiving domain that is network connectable to one or more
   sending domains, the receiving domain including one or more
   receiving messaging servers configured to receive electronic
   messages from sending domains, a method for determining a sending
   domain's electronic message transmission policies, the method
   comprising:

   an act of receiving an electronic message from the sending domain;

   an act of receiving one or more electronic message transmission
   policies corresponding to the sending domain;

   an act of parsing relevant electronic message transmission policies
   from the one or more received electronic message transmission
   policies;

   and an act of providing the relevant electronic message
   transmission policies to a message classification module such that
   the message classification module can make a more reliable decision
   when classifying the received electronic message.

To me, that covers SPF, Caller ID, Sender ID, and any plausible
variation on them that calls back to the message domain for advice on
handling the message.  By some readings it might also cover CSV, but
from the narrative text it's clear that they're talking about message
domains, not host domains.  Paul Vixie's original domain verification
proposal was published in May 2002 and he said it wasn't new at that
time, so I have my doubts about the novelty of this claim.

Claims 19-20 roughly restate claim 1.

Claims 21-35 and 36-44 cover puzzles.

Claim 45 is similar to claim 1.

Claims 46 and 47 are about puzzles.

Claims 48-49 come out of left field and cover scoring spam filters:

48. A computer program product for use in a receiving domain that is
    network connectable to one or more sending domains, the receiving
    domain including one or more receiving messaging servers
    configured to receive electronic messages from the sending
    domains, the computer program product for implementing a method
    for generating inputs to be provided to a message classification
    module, the computer program product comprising one or more
    computer-readable media having stored thereon computer executable
    instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the
    receiving domain to perform the following:

    receive an electronic message;

    utilize one or more of a plurality of different mechanisms for
    attempting to determine if the received electronic message is an
    unwanted or an unsolicited electronic message; 

    and provide results of each of the one or more different
    mechanisms to a message classification module such that the
    message classification module can make a more reliable decision
    when classifying the received electronic message.

Since Spamassassin 1.0 was published in Sept 2001 and did exactly
this, classify messages based on several criteria, I find it hard to
understand how they'd claim this as new in a 2003 patent application.
Surely they are familiar with Spamassassin.

* Summary

Keep in mind that these are just applications, and we don't know
whether the USPTO will issue a patent and if so which if any of the
claims would be allowed.  I assume that their other applications are
similar, and we don't know what if anything will issue in other
countries.

The issue that concerns me most is that the claims in these
applications, particularly in '585, are much broader than what
Microsoft's IPR disclosed.  Note that since the IPR documents are
written by lawyers, not techs, I'm not faulting any of the MS
employees who have been participating in MARID and don't get to set
their employer's policies.

If '585 issues as a patent in anything like its current form and
Microsoft's license doesn't change, it would make SPF or any other
similiar system legally very risky since the MS license only lets you
implement Sender-ID, not other things that are like Sender-ID.
Regardless of what the MS IPR said, their patent rights depend on
what's in the patent, and if you look at cases where patents were
broader than the IPR disclosure in the standards process, the results
can be really ugly.  Google for RAMBUS JEDEC for a notorious example.

At this point, I see a variety of unappetizing alternatives.  One is
to wait and see what patents issue, but that could take years.
Another is to standardize only what MS is willing to license.  Or we
could decide that the '585 claims are implausible and ignore them, at
our peril.

My personal inclination is to say that none of the domain/IP
verification schemes are good enough to be worth this much heartburn,
put them all back on the shelf, do CSV and BATV, and turn our
attention to MASS.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
Information Superhighwayman wanna-be, http://www.johnlevine.com, Mayor
"More Wiener schnitzel, please", said Tom, revealingly.



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On Fri, 2004-09-17, william(at)elan.net wrote:


> I'm reading Pete's answer right, then adding Resent-From is ok in some 
> forwarding cases but not in others and that in particular:
>  1. Its not ok with .forward forwarding (specifically mentioned). This
>     is very very common in the deployed base.
>  2. Its not ok with any forwarding where RFC2821 Mail From remains the same
>     as it was before forwarding (most of the forwarding systems deployed 
>     on the net are like this)
>  3. Its not ok if message is changed (this would include Mail Lists).

I'm sorry. I must be dense. When *IS* it OK to use Resent-From?
What is it intended to mean?

-- 
Bill McQuillan <McQuilWP@pobox.com>



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On Fri, 17 Sep 2004, Bill McQuillan wrote:

> I'm sorry. I must be dense. When *IS* it OK to use Resent-From?
> What is it intended to mean?

My reading is it is ok when email is reintroduced into system by SMTP 
server in the way similar to relaying it but as part of normal relay
process email session and other parameters are never change, but in this
case relaying involves change in envelope parameters Mail From and RCPT TO.
Think of it as relay with change of envelope and possibly change of address
headers (Sender, From, To, CC). It is also probably ok for message to have 
been introduced after certain wait period (in emailqueue presumably) 
triggered by certain event (i.e. like ETRN).


But I maybe wrong, so perhaps  it would be better if Pete answers this 
question.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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First, for what it's worth, I concur with John's analysis, although 
while IAAL, I should add that I am not a patent lawyer.

> If '585 issues as a patent in anything like its current form and
> Microsoft's license doesn't change, it would make SPF or any other
> similiar system legally very risky since the MS license only lets you
> implement Sender-ID, not other things that are like Sender-ID.
> Regardless of what the MS IPR said, their patent rights depend on
> what's in the patent, and if you look at cases where patents were
> broader than the IPR disclosure in the standards process, the results
> can be really ugly.  Google for RAMBUS JEDEC for a notorious example.
>
> At this point, I see a variety of unappetizing alternatives.  One is
> to wait and see what patents issue, but that could take years.
> Another is to standardize only what MS is willing to license.  Or we
> could decide that the '585 claims are implausible and ignore them, at
> our peril.
>

Actually there are a few other alternatives.  In the first instance, 
anyone who has already developed processes which these patents arguably 
cover, and most especially anyone who has already patented such a 
process, can send that information (by registered mail to provide proof 
of receipt) to the Microsoft attorneys.

Beyond that, for anyone who has in fact obtained a patent, or for 
anyone who has filed a patent or who does file a patent during the 
pendancy of these patent applications (i.e. before they are granted), 
they can file an "interference action" with the PTO.   To quote a 
colleague of mine who does do patent work, "An interference is a 
proceeding, conducted before the Board of Patent Appeals and 
Interferences, to determine priority of invention between a pending 
application and one or more pending applications and/or one or more 
unexpired patents."

I should note here that interference actions are very unusual, and 
extremely expensive (but then so is infringement litigation).  I should 
also say that I have no personal opinion for or against such an action, 
and am not recommending (or disrecommending) such an action.

Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to address the advice 
which has been making the rounds regarding how one should not read 
patents so that one won't be prosecuted for willful infringement.

There _are_ situations in which it's best not to look at patents.  For 
example, if you are an inventor, and you have _zero_ idea about what's 
out there, and there is no way you could know, and then you go 
traipsing through the patents, and you find a patent which makes claims 
identical to your invention, and then you go forward with your 
invention, then yes, you *could* be found guilty of willful 
infringement.  However, according to my (very highly placed patent 
litigation partner in a big patent firm, and highly experienced 
litigator in another big IP firm) sources, you have to try Really Hard 
to be found guilty of willful infringement - willful means, well, 
willful.  It has to pretty much border on malfeasance.

On the other hand, if you are already on notice, if you have _reason_ 
to believe that your code may possibly infringe on a patent..such as, 
oh, say, the MS patent - if it's been discussed in forums in which you 
participate, or if it's been all over the press...then you can be found 
to have been on notice, in which case _not_ reading the patent can be 
seen as not exercising reasonable care and due diligence.

There is "had no idea, and NO WAY could have known", and there is 
"absolutely knew and did the infringing act anyways with full knowledge 
and malice", and then there's everything in between.  And everything in 
between is a grey area.  However, the above scenario, where the issue 
of whether the MS patent covers SPF and other sorts of authentication 
technologies are being discussed wide and far, and is in the press, you 
are more likely to get in trouble for failure to do due diligence, as 
you are on notice.  Indeed, instead of protecting you, it may damn you.

I should point out that, as in all grey areas, reasonable minds can 
differ.  So it's entirely possible that another similarly highly placed 
source may say something quite different.  The bottom line is - you 
know, if you think that it's going to be infringing - don't do it.

Anne

Anne P. Mitchell, Esq.
President/CEO
Institute for Spam and Internet Public Policy
Professor of Law, Lincoln Law School of SJ
Committee Member, Asilomar Microcomputer Workshop



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First: Have any of the folks who've done surveys of the DNS for SPF 
records archived the actual records they found?
I hope so; they may turn out to be useful down the road.


On 9/17/2004 3:16 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:

>On Thu, 2004-09-16 at 21:58, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>
>  
>
>>Comparison of SPF3 and CSV+MPR:
>>    
>>
>
>  
>
>>Of bind, GoDaddy and ZoneEdit, only BIND supports what CSV requires. 
>>Technically, it's inferior, in that its usage of DNS is less efficient 
>>and less standards-based.  MPR also has the cool bit-mapped fields for 
>>explicit protection of 2822.From:, etc.  This could be added to SPF3.
>>    
>>
>
>Are you referring to web-based GUI interfaces for DNS entries to support
>services?  
>
ASPs providing DNS services.  (Same thing said differently?)

>Looking at their documentation, it was not clear that it was
>possible to enter a TXT record either.
>
They support TXT records.

>  I would imagine do-it-yourself
>providers will offer needed interfaces for elements supporting their
>service once it becomes prevalently needed.  CSV is simple enough to
>have it defined without any user intervention other than selecting the
>host.
>  
>
In the case of SPF1, coming up with reasonable data to feed the wizard 
at pobox.com is the main stumbling block.
Given a good result from the wizard and raw access to TXT, it's easy to 
put the former into the latter.
But again, the data required for a good SPF1 record (e.g that doesn't 
have ?0/0) is often difficult to determine.
CSV is simpler, so if raw access to the required RR type is available, 
we'd be good; with a wizard, we'd be great.
It would be a bit of a 'stub' wizard- one or two questions, tops.

>It is not clear what was being compared in this sentence.  I will assume
>you were saying CSV is inferior.  : )
>  
>
Uh, no.   I was saying SPF3 is inferior in certain tecnical respects in 
comparison to CSV+MPR!
It was clearer when it was in context.

>The SRV record is used extensively...  
>
>Use of a TXT record which encodes other
>domains, users, error messages, hostnames, addresses, settings, macros,
>and is extensible will require a forever evolving parser.
>  
>
>With more and more flavors of TXT records employed due to the example
>made by SPF, as well as adopting a practice of using wildcards, any use
>of an extensible text script is not without risk.  Unlike other DNS
>records with content defined by the record type, the TXT record should
>assume opaque text strings.
>  
>
Right; there's a risk-benefit evaluation to me made.  I'm sensing most 
people prefer to take the risk and get the benefit; but I wouldn't call 
it a rough consensus yet.

>Unlike SPF, names are consistently used and do not require the double
>entry of host addresses as SPF may.  The alternative to replicate
>address entry when using SPF, is to use record references and then cause
>subsequent DNS lookups to then obtain the addresses for each reference. 
>SPF is neither more standard or efficient.  The MPR name lists also
>removes the need for subsequent lookups which are the bane of the SPF
>approach.
>  
>
Yes, SPF is neither more standard or efficient, etc.
In SPF3, domains are consistently used, and it's more efficent than 
SPF/SPF1 or SenderID/SPF2.

>The MPR lists, being a separate from the MTA authentication and
>authorization, avoids the problems of "open" lists that invite
>spoofing.  MPR can be deployed with an "open" list as a SHOULD without
>any exploit concerns.  By marking or "coloring" the mail as being
>outside the nominal mail channel, this should offer better consumer
>protection than that achieved with Sender-ID's PRA algorithm yet not
>breaking mail forwarding.
>  
>
This would be so greatly clarified by specific sample M.A.R.I.D. 
illustrating such open lists failing!

>  
>
>>=-=-=-=-=
>>With respect to being able to outright reject forgeries without breaking 
>>forwarding: 
>>With HELO checks + A&R, I can see this becoming reasonable BCP.  Here's how:
>>Forwarders (and mailing list hosts) will be expected to be running 
>>MARID on their MTA.  If they are too lazy to do so, then they will be 
>>found to be forwarding on obvious (to anyone using MARID) forgeries, and 
>>thus their reputations will (justifiably) suffer.  It will probably not 
>>be fair to blame 'em for all spam they forward, but it will be fair to 
>>blame them for forwarding on obvious forgeries. The responsible 
>>forwarders running MARID can be expected to have good HELO reputations.
>>    
>>
>
>Is this in reference to CSV?
>  
>
It's in reference to any MARID scheme relying heavily on HELO, such as 
CSV, or SPF3.




I'd wager you're in agreement.

I put SPF3 up here:
http://elvey.com/it/sieve/draft-ietf-marid-spf3-00.txt
as it's not up at
iietf.org/internet-drafts yet.

To save folks time, I put up
http://asrg.sp.am/wiki?action=history&id=Spf3 .

Folks may want to look at that to see a quick diff showing the
"*Substantive Changes*" between my draft and draft-ietf-marid-prococol-03.



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Subject: Re: IPR: analysis of Microsoft patent applications
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On Fri, 2004-09-17 at 23:51 +0000, John Levine wrote:
> My personal inclination is to say that none of the domain/IP
> verification schemes are good enough to be worth this much heartburn,
> put them all back on the shelf, do CSV and BATV, and turn our
> attention to MASS.

I was violently in agreement with that assessment even _without_ the
patent issues, which I personally am more than happy to ignore (at my
peril, as you say).

When considered holistically, the domain/IP verification schemes don't
actually manage to achieve anything more than CSV does -- they only give
a way to determine how much to trust the individual mail server which is
offering the mail.

Thus, the heartburn of requiring ubiquitous deployment of SRS and the
addition of the Forwarded-For: header was too much for me, even without
the patent. There are better answers.

-- 
dwmw2



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Subject: Re: IPR: analysis of Microsoft patent applications
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>>>>> "David" == David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> writes:

    David> When considered holistically, the domain/IP verification
    David> schemes don't actually manage to achieve anything more than
    David> CSV does -- they only give a way to determine how much to
    David> trust the individual mail server which is offering the
    David> mail.

I don't think that's true.  The domain/IP verification schemes
directly address forgery, in a way that CSV doesn't.  Think about
Sender ID as a tool for senders who (for whatever reason) want to be
able to prevent others from sending forged mail claiming to be from
them.

As a tool for recipients, Sender ID and CSV both provide a hook on
which to hang reputation and accreditation systems, and I'm agnostic
as to which will work better in the real world, though my feeling is
that they may in fact turn out to be complementary.

   -roy



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Subject: Re: IPR: analysis of Microsoft patent applications
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On Sat, 2004-09-18 at 12:34 +0100, Roy Badami wrote:
> I don't think that's true.  The domain/IP verification schemes
> directly address forgery, in a way that CSV doesn't.  Think about
> Sender ID as a tool for senders who (for whatever reason) want to be
> able to prevent others from sending forged mail claiming to be from
> them.

I do not think of Sender ID in that way. There are true end-to-end
schemes which address that problem reliably through multiple hops, and
without requiring that the world at large upgrade to make their flawed
assumptions come true.

To offer Sender ID as a true solution to the problem of forgery is
disingenuous. It is not a general solution to that problem.

> As a tool for recipients, Sender ID and CSV both provide a hook on
> which to hang reputation and accreditation systems, and I'm agnostic
> as to which will work better in the real world, though my feeling is
> that they may in fact turn out to be complementary.

I agree that the various reputation and accreditation systems,
maintained by different people with different criteria, will be
complementary. We've already seen that with the various IP-based
systems. 

However my feeling is that the availability of different _keys_ into
such databases would be purely redundant. While the use of IP addresses
has its problems, I feel that _any_ key which we can _reliably_ tie to
the owner of the MTA in question would suffice as a replacement.

In fact, I feel that the presence of redundant schemes for identifying
such 'keys' would be counterproductive, because it would lead to the
separate implementation of different databases which have the _same_
criteria for listings, but different keys. 

-- 
dwmw2



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On Fri, Sep 17, 2004 at 06:52:35PM -0700, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:
> 
> Actually there are a few other alternatives.  In the first instance, 
> anyone who has already developed processes which these patents arguably 
> cover, and most especially anyone who has already patented such a 
> process, can send that information (by registered mail to provide proof 
> of receipt) to the Microsoft attorneys.


I'd like to do that. Unfortunately I'm not familiar with US 
patent law, so every hint and advice is welcome.

Where do I have to send this? Just to 
  Microsoft Corporation
  One Microsoft Way
  Redmond, WA 98052
  US
?

regards
Hadmut





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On 9/17/04 at 5:03 PM -0700, Bill McQuillan wrote:

>On Fri, 2004-09-17, william(at)elan.net wrote:
>
>>I'm reading Pete's answer right, then adding Resent-From is ok in 
>>some forwarding cases but not in others and that in particular:

Let's be careful here about "ok" and "not ok". I'd say "intended 
for". Standards are supposed to be more descriptive than prescriptive 
of use.

>>  1. Its not ok with .forward forwarding (specifically mentioned). 
>>This is very very common in the deployed base.

I think it would match the semantics more if the MAIL FROM was not 
preserved. The current deployment of .forward I agree doesn't match 
the semantics of 2822. But that deployment could be changed.

>>   2. Its not ok with any forwarding where RFC2821 Mail From remains 
>>the same as it was before forwarding (most of the forwarding 
>>systems deployed  on the net are like this)

Again, they don't have to be deployed that way. And there might be a 
good argument for them not to be: If there is an error getting the 
mail to beyond the forwarder, should that really be reported back to 
the original sender? Maybe, maybe not.

>>   3. Its not ok if message is changed (this would include Mail Lists).

It has not traditionally been used with mailing lists because mailing 
lists act more like gateways than simple resenders. (That includes, 
but is not limited to, changing the message headers.) I'd prefer to 
use a different mechanism for mailing lists (like the List-* fields: 
perhaps a List-ID could be used if it followed the domain convention).

>I'm sorry. I must be dense. When *IS* it OK to use Resent-From?
>What is it intended to mean?

It means, "The person in the Resent-From/Resent-Sender of this 
message received this message and redirected it to you. You should 
treat the message as if it went from the original sender directly to 
you." The Resent-* fields give you information about the resending 
event. Several MUAs have resend or redirect commands. The Resent-* 
fields are to be used when that function is executed.

pr
--
Pete Resnick <http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/>
QUALCOMM Incorporated - Direct phone: (858)651-4478, Fax: (858)651-1102



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep 18 11:53:36 2004
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> The bottom line is - you 
> know, if you think that it's going to be infringing - don't do it.

Thus ended a potentially useful application to prevent forgery.  It joins its
brothers and sisters in the Graveyard of Good Ideas such as The Electric Car,
inexpensive solar energy, among others, in the name of corporate greed.

Thanks, Microsoft.

This must be what RMS meant when he says software patents are dangerous.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: SPF abused by spammers 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 17 Sep 2004 22:37:46 BST."
             <02d701c49cfe$93c2a610$0200000a@ringo> 
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"Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk> wrote:
> When I say "originator trusts the shared MTA" I mean "trusts the
> shared MTA to have authenticated and identified the sender of each
> message (using SMTP AUTH or equivalent),

  The recipient can verify that the originator intends the shared MTA
to use "MAIL FROM" it's domain.  The recipient cannot tell if any
individual message sent by that shared MTA is actually from the
alleged originating domain.

  The "trust" you mention above includes two separate trust
relationships, only one of which can be verified by the recipient.  To
me, this means we should talk about the trust relationships in
isolation, and not together.

  It also means that a binary trust value for the shared MTA is
inadequate.  A "trusted" value can be used for MTA's you control, an
"untrusted" value for MTA's you don't like, and a "maybe" value could
be used for shared MTA's.  As noted earlier, this is being done today
with SPF.

> I can't understand the basis of your concern about a "weakness in any MAIL
> FROM..." .

  I'm looking at it from the view of the recipient, and from an
examination of what information is available, and what things are
being trusted.  We can say that publishing a "MAIL FROM"
authentication record has the meaning you intend, but that meaning
contains pieces ("trusted" message origin) that contains claims by the
originator which cannot be verified by the recipient.  In contrast,
the "trusted to use MAIL FROM with my name" claim CAN be verified by
the recipient: he has a connection where the shared MTA is using MAIL
FROM with that name.

  My method is a bit reductionist: divide everything into small
pieces, and examine how those pieces are used, and how they're put
togther.  Only when we understand the pieces can we be confident that
a system built on those pieces does what we want.

  The alternative is to build a "house of sand".  It's pretty, but
with no foundations.  It will collapse as soon as one of the unspoken
assumptions is questioned, or proven wrong.

  Alan DeKok.



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From: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
To: Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk>
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A patent application is not a patent; I understand that
nowadays applications are filed containing many claims that
the filer doesn't actually expect to be approved, but if
they are approved, bonus!  So let's look at which claims we
can realistically expect to survive into patent form, and do
our best to educate the patent office about the rest.  The
ones that do make it into the patent may not turn out to be
an encumbrance after all, or if they are an encumbrance at
least we have a solid idea of how to route around them.

On Sat, Sep 18, 2004 at 12:34:13PM +0100, Roy Badami wrote:
| 
| I don't think that's true.  The domain/IP verification schemes
| directly address forgery, in a way that CSV doesn't.  Think about
| Sender ID as a tool for senders who (for whatever reason) want to be
| able to prevent others from sending forged mail claiming to be from
| them.
| 

I agree that the anti-fraud aspects of SPF/Sender ID are
stronger than CSV, and should not be abandoned just yet.

CSV alone is not sufficient because it has a weaker
deployment driver than SPF / Sender ID.  To wit:

Suppose we have lazy.example.com.  We want to encourage
lazy.example.com to deploy whatever we come up with.  But
they're lazy, so they naturally want to know the
consequences of noncompliance.

    "If I don't publish CSV records, what have I got to lose?"

    "Spammers might spoof with your HELO domain name."

    "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no CSV
    record?"

    "Considering that lots of MTAs don't even HELO with a
    resolvable hostname, and we seem resigned to that, frankly
    I'd have to say they're not going to reject your mail."

    "Then why should I bother?"

    "Because it makes life easier for other people who'd be
    victimized by spoofing --- we aim to get CSV records on
    every legitimate HELO hostname in the world so we can
    close that loophole."

The SPF story goes like this:

    "If I don't publish SPF records, what have I got to lose?"

    "Spammers might spoof with your domain name in the
    return-path or the headers."

    "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no SPF
    record?"

    "Considering that lots of domains have no SPF record,
    that day is pretty far off.  Though you never know how
    aggressive some people might get."

    "Then why should I bother?"

    "Because when people forge your domain name in the
    return-path or the headers, you get the bounces, and
    your users get phished.  Is that a problem for you?"

    "Oh, then yes, that is a problem."

So it seems to me that the average domain owner has a more
compelling case to do SPF than CSV.  I'm not saying nobody
will do CSV: I fully expect ESPs and ISPs to do CSV on their
MTAs, but you're not going to see uninterested parties
putting negative CSV assertions on all the other hostnames
that could be HELO'ed by MTAs.  By contrast, I expect many
more people to put SPF records on their domains because the
benefits are more immediate and more apparent.

| As a tool for recipients, Sender ID and CSV both provide a hook on
| which to hang reputation and accreditation systems, and I'm agnostic
| as to which will work better in the real world, though my feeling is
| that they may in fact turn out to be complementary.

I agree that they will be complementary.  In the same way
that restaurants offer a variety of eating options to
satisfy different needs, we should aim to offer a variety of
authentication options to accommodate the market better.

I have been observing a pattern of fallacious debate which
can perhaps be called "winner takes all".  In this pattern,
when you are given a choice of N options, you are allowed to
pick only one: so proponents fight tooth and nail for their
favourite choice.  This happens a lot because winning feels
good; many of us are trained to try very hard to win; and
besides, people who do not subscribe to this pattern of
living tend to be interest themselves in things other than
IETF working groups.

Very often, though, in the real world, we end up with a
blend of multiple inputs, or we end up going with a
plurality of the choices that lie before us.  Yesterday at
lunch we ordered the chocolate cake *and* the key lime pie.
There's nothing inherently wrong with getting two desserts
instead of one.  There are some operational considerations,
of course: it costs more, and we certainly didn't want to
order every single dessert on the menu just to have a taste.
In the same way, we probably don't want to tell the Internet
to have to do 512 different things; if we can limit our
recommendations to a small set of four or five they'll
probably find that livable.  Any reasonable person who hears
"this is the one and only thing you have to do" will probably
think was a bit of a hard sell.

The silly sort of "winner takes all" debate ends up looking
like:

    "Children, what is your favourite colour?"
    - "I like yellow!"
    - "I like blue!"
    - "No you don't!"
    - "Yes I do!"

I am implementing a next-generation system based on the
Aspen model of authentication, reputation, accreditation.
In that system, I'll check authentication on SPFv1, SPFv2,
CSV, and Domain Keys.  I'll check Spamhaus and Cloudmark
Rating and the VDL.  Two heads are better than one, and
yellow and blue go very nicely together.



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From: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
To: Gordon Fecyk <gordonf@pan-am.ca>
Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: IPR: analysis of Microsoft patent applications
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On Sat, Sep 18, 2004 at 10:28:02AM -0500, Gordon Fecyk wrote:
| 
| Thanks, Microsoft.
| 
| This must be what RMS meant when he says software patents are dangerous.
| 

There are certainly a lot of people who feel disgruntled at
this latest turn of events: these people might think to
themselves: "Your Potential.  Our Patent."

But my advice to those people would be: let's try to keep
moving in a positive direction, and deal with this in the
best possible way, rather than succumbing to the politics of
blame, which is ultimately unproductive.  Before we jump to
conclusions, I think we should methodically figure out which
claims in the patents are overbroad, and which claims
actually overlap with what we want to achieve.  We should
try to educate the patent office about the former, and
creatively explore alternatives to the latter.

It's not Microsoft's fault for manoeuvering to gain every
possible advantage; that is how the game is played.  It is
the responsibility of the rest of the industry to learn the
rules and respond.

As one scientist, inventor, postmaster and postmaster once
said: We must all hang together.

Part of playing the game means spending money to protect the
commons.  The patent system is broken: this is not news.  We
can complain that it is broken, and we can excoriate anyone
who takes advantage of it.  But we can also, if we wish,
patent our own inventions and dedicate them to the public
domain.  True, that costs money: money which, to date,
nobody has found for the common inventions we have made
together.  But maybe that will change soon.  Maybe large
corporations with free cash flow will see that what's good
for the Internet is good for them; and maybe their PR
departments will realize some value in acting in the public
interest, and then the dollars might begin to flow.

If the dollars don't flow, why, then, it is no-one's fault
but our own, and assuredly we shall all hang separately.



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 "Alan DeKok" responded:


>
> "Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk> wrote:
> > When I say "originator trusts the shared MTA" I mean "trusts the
> > shared MTA to have authenticated and identified the sender of each
> > message (using SMTP AUTH or equivalent),
>
>   The recipient can verify that the originator intends the shared MTA
> to use "MAIL FROM" it's domain.  The recipient cannot tell if any
> individual message sent by that shared MTA is actually from the
> alleged originating domain.
>

The recipient is invited to accept that the message _is_ from the purported
domain because the Sender's Policy says he should - she has declared that shared
MTA trustworthy. It's her message, her policy, her choice of shared MTA.

When the recipient is offered the message he extracts the domain of the
Mail-From and consults the DNS for that domain to get the policy. He then
applies the policy 'algorithm' to the IP address of the sending MTA to see if it
was authorised by the sender, and, if so, what the 'strength' of the sender's
policy is on this particular MTA.

If her policy says 'pass' ('+'). then she is saying 'If this MTA offers you a
message purporting to be from my domain, I trust it, and so should you'.

The receiver has to trust:

1) The DNS service to deliver the correct SPF policy for the domain

2) The IP transport system to report accurately the IP address of the sending
MTA.

There his need to trust anything associated with the shared MTA ends.

The message has been identified as coming from the sender's domain, and the
sender has accepted responsibility for the behaviour of the MTA.

>
>   The "trust" you mention above includes two separate trust
> relationships, only one of which can be verified by the recipient.  To
> me, this means we should talk about the trust relationships in
> isolation, and not together.

I invite you to be specific about this second trust relationship you talk of.
Just what is it that the reciever has to trust the sending MTA to do or not do,
and which is not covered by the sender's trust in that MTA?

A specific example would help me understand your concern.

>
>   It also means that a binary trust value for the shared MTA is
> inadequate.  A "trusted" value can be used for MTA's you control, an
> "untrusted" value for MTA's you don't like, and a "maybe" value could
> be used for shared MTA's.  As noted earlier, this is being done today
> with SPF.

Agreed - I don't think I was advocating a 'binary' value in the trust itself,
was I?

>
> > I can't understand the basis of your concern about a "weakness in any MAIL
> > FROM..." .
>
>   I'm looking at it from the view of the recipient, and from an
> examination of what information is available, and what things are
> being trusted.  We can say that publishing a "MAIL FROM"
> authentication record has the meaning you intend, but that meaning
> contains pieces ("trusted" message origin) that contains claims by the
> originator which cannot be verified by the recipient.  In contrast,
> the "trusted to use MAIL FROM with my name" claim CAN be verified by
> the recipient: he has a connection where the shared MTA is using MAIL
> FROM with that name.
>
>   My method is a bit reductionist: divide everything into small
> pieces, and examine how those pieces are used, and how they're put
> togther.  Only when we understand the pieces can we be confident that
> a system built on those pieces does what we want.

That's what I have started above.

>
>   The alternative is to build a "house of sand".  It's pretty, but
> with no foundations.  It will collapse as soon as one of the unspoken
> assumptions is questioned, or proven wrong.

If you intend this as a criticism of SPF then you have to expose these unspoken
assumptions.
Please be specific.

Let me explain where I'm coming from:

I'm not associated with any one scheme.  I'm a 'sufferer' who needs a workable,
engineeringly-viable solution.

I see in SPF something that's pretty neat - I like its architecture, the one
which keeps the sender in charge of the policy. But I can also see problems with
it, e.g. with whether the _sender's_ trust in an MTA not under her
administrative control can ever be well-founded.

There appear to be several other schemes being proposed in this space.  At the
time of the chairs' choosing I'll be just as interested in them.

I think those who have alternative schemes to offer are being put in a difficult
position by the procedure that has been adopted in this WG.  We are being
invited to consider the candidates one by one.  This goes agains all my
engineering instincts, which are to:

a) Agree the objectives and metrics of success,

b) Identify all viable candidates,

c) Assess them in parallel against the objectives, constructing interesting
scenarios, test cases etc. - against which all candidates can be evaluated.

Instead we have a procedure which feels as if it could end with a winner being
declared as soon as the first 'just about acceptable' solution has been
identified.

Those proponents of candidate solutions which have not yet been considered
probably feel the need to continually draw attention to the defects of those
candidates which were lucky enough to be considered first.  This is challenging
because the points of difference are difficult to describe when you are not
allowed to be specific about  the 'better' approach which you cannot yet talk
about.

So I have a lot of sympathy for those proponents waiting to get their candidate
exposed.

But I, for one, feel that any criticism of a scheme which _is_ on the table has
to be phrased in very concrete terms. There has to be a specific example of a
weakness, of a security vulnerability etc. for the rest of us to be able to
understand the concern.

It may well be that you can see some specific weakness in the use of Mail-From
that the rest of us cannot see and that you can do the WG a service by exposing
that specific weakness.  I've been trying to manoeuvre you into doing this with
your 'trust' concern.  I'm genuinely trying to understand the 'space' in which
the receiver's trust or mistrust of the sending MTA matters to you.

What is it that the sending MTA can do or not do which, whilst still honoring
the trust that the sender has in that MTA, causes Mail-From to be flawed?

>
>   Alan DeKok.
>
>
>

Chris Haynes




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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00 (was: New Drafts)
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Mark Lentczner wrote:
 
> draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00

Thanks, it's almost ready, and it covers the mandatory case
(empty Return-Path) of HELO checks in SPF1.  I like it very
much.  Six typos and other observations:

Line 363 (typo)
<< to determine the list hosts that they allow to use their domain name
>> to determine the list of hosts that they allow to use their domain

Line 415 (policy violation)
<< Tests against some other identity may also be used to override the
<< test against the "Mail From" identity.
>>

Line 455 (designated open relays can be used with spf2.0/mfrom)
<< However, the use of open MTA relays on the Internet has long been
<< noted as a security problem.  Most sites do not run open relays and
<< many refuse e-mail from known open relays.
>>

Line 465 (typo)
<< published SPF records must authorized any MTAs
>> published SPF records must authorize any MTAs

Line 472 (typo)
<< Internal MTAs then do not perform the authorization test To
>> Internal MTAs then do not perform the authorization test.  To

Line 507 ff. (deficits of "exp" are a matter of protocol)
<< The explanation may contain URLs that may be malicious, and/or
<< offensive or misleading text.
>>
                Bye, Frank




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Subject: Re: Why we should authenticate multiple identities
From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
Cc: Roy Badami <roy@gnomon.org.uk>, John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>,
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On Sat, 2004-09-18 at 11:49 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> The SPF story goes like this:
> 
>     "If I don't publish SPF records, what have I got to lose?"
> 
>     "Spammers might spoof with your domain name in the
>     return-path or the headers."
> 
>     "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no SPF
>     record?"
> 
>     "Considering that lots of domains have no SPF record,
>     that day is pretty far off.  Though you never know how
>     aggressive some people might get."
> 
>     "Then why should I bother?"
> 
>     "Because when people forge your domain name in the
>     return-path or the headers, you get the bounces, and
>     your users get phished.  Is that a problem for you?"
> 
>     "Oh, then yes, that is a problem."

Actually the DK/IIM/etc. story about true end-to-end authentication goes
like that too. It's at _this_ point that they diverge, and you left out
the end of the story. The SPF story continues like this:

	"This phishing is mostly academic, but would be nice to stop.
	 But more importantly, I did this SPF record and now there are
	 people out there who are rejecting my _real_ email. That's 
	 more important to me. They tell me I should stop publishing
	 a record like you say. What is the truth?"

	"Er, um, er. They should upgrade because the way the whole world
	 works is different now."

	"I asked around and they say that this hasn't changed for
	 years and you are being naÃ¯ve. Did you trick me? Do we need
	 to wait for everyone out there to change the way that
	 Internet email works first? I removed my SPF records."

Now when we come to them with the same conversation about
DK/IIM/whatever, they're going to tell us to get stuffed.

This is going to be _entirely_ counterproductive in the long run. If you
want true authentication, implement a true end-to-end scheme rather than
a hop-by-hop scheme which cannot ever solve the problem. MARID has its
place but this is _not_ it.

We need to stop disingenuously selling SPF/SenderID as a real
authentication scheme. Those who sell it like this are doing us _all_ a
disservice because they're going to severely hurt adoption of whatever
true authentication scheme is settled upon by those groups who are
working on it as we speak.

As for selling SPF as a method to stop bounces -- that's just bizarre.
BATV/SES are a totally effective way of doing that, without requiring
_anything_ of third parties for the 'publisher' to get the benefit.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Sat, 18 Sep 2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:

> A patent application is not a patent; I understand that
> nowadays applications are filed containing many claims that
> the filer doesn't actually expect to be approved, but if
> they are approved, bonus! 

At the same time we also heard that only the most obvious claims are 
rejected and that most are not and patent office is expecting that if
patent does not have a leg to stand on then it'll not be possible to 
defend in court.

> So let's look at which claims we
> can realistically expect to survive into patent form, and do
> our best to educate the patent office about the rest. 

It appears patent office will ignore any attempts to contact them
regarding patent applications other then your own (i.e. you can contact
them in regards to somebody else patent application only as long as it
has anything to do with your own patent application and they conflict).

> The ones that do make it into the patent may not turn out to be
> an encumbrance after all, or if they are an encumbrance at
> least we have a solid idea of how to route around them.
Hard to say...

> On Sat, Sep 18, 2004 at 12:34:13PM +0100, Roy Badami wrote:
> | 
> | I don't think that's true.  The domain/IP verification schemes
> | directly address forgery, in a way that CSV doesn't.  Think about
> | Sender ID as a tool for senders who (for whatever reason) want to be
> | able to prevent others from sending forged mail claiming to be from
> | them.
> 
> I agree that the anti-fraud aspects of SPF/Sender ID are
> stronger than CSV, and should not be abandoned just yet.

Lets separate SPF from SenderID - they are in no way equivalent terms.
I see these terms as follows:

"SPF" is protocol in a way that it defines record format for representation
of policy record in dns that can whitelist or blacklist certain ip addresses

"SPF Classic" (now SPF Mail From) is using SPF protocol to protect RFC2821 
Mail From (aka ReturhPath) identity of email system

SenderID is using SPF protocol to protect a validate new PRA identity based 
on combination of RFC2822 headers From, Sender, Resent-From, Resent-Sender

> CSV alone is not sufficient because it has a weaker
> deployment driver than SPF / Sender ID.  To wit:

Agreed. And CSV Authors themselve have proposed extensions to protect
RFC2821 Mail-From. 

> So it seems to me that the average domain owner has a more
> compelling case to do SPF than CSV.  I'm not saying nobody
> will do CSV: I fully expect ESPs and ISPs to do CSV on their
> MTAs, but you're not going to see uninterested parties
> putting negative CSV assertions on all the other hostnames
> that could be HELO'ed by MTAs.  By contrast, I expect many
> more people to put SPF records on their domains because the
> benefits are more immediate and more apparent.

I do not think that we should do CSV + SPF (but its not a strong believe 
as long as both are clearly standartized, its ok - I just think its easier
for implementation if ways to protect different identities is done in
simular way). I think that it would be better for overall standartization 
process if we go with either CSV+MPR or Unified SPF (From + EHLO + PTR + 
etc) with standard  defined list of protected identities base on each method.

> | As a tool for recipients, Sender ID and CSV both provide a hook on
> | which to hang reputation and accreditation systems, and I'm agnostic
> | as to which will work better in the real world, though my feeling is
> | that they may in fact turn out to be complementary.
> 
> I agree that they will be complementary.  In the same way
> that restaurants offer a variety of eating options to
> satisfy different needs, we should aim to offer a variety of
> authentication options to accommodate the market better.

Lets not compare Apples to Oranges ....

There is a need to diverse options in the business market place, but there
is also reason why we have unified list of standard internet protocols and
why we have IETF for that matter. 

As an example we have SMTP protocol that is defined and we dont have multiple
email systems (I note that in the IM world that is the case and its sad ...)
but we do have quite a number of diverse mail clients that users can use 
and its very good that is so as it offers several interfaces to the system
so that people can choose one that best suites their enviroment and his/her
behavior in it. But in the end all this systems talk to each other no 
matter how diverse. 

> I have been observing a pattern of fallacious debate which can perhaps 
> be called "winner takes all". 

I do not believe that is the case. What is happening is that we're trying
to decide on best technical solution that can become standard and by 
standard I mean something that everybody can implement. 

It is not unusual for IETF to consider multiple technical approaches on
how to implement something, just recently on CRISP WG we had two ways
for new whois database system - FIRS based on LDAP and IRIS based on XML 
over BEEP and both fully accomplished the requirements. In the LEMONADE
WG we had two proposals on how to implement remote email submission
that can include parts of existing email messages without downloading
them to MUA. DNS extensions WG considered two ways to implement IPv6 dns 
records (A6 and AAAA), MULTI6 is considering several approaches on
how to implement multihoming with IPV6, etc. There are lots and lots
of workgroups that had before them several proposals and approachesto 
solutiona and they had to choose one - that is part of standartization 
process.

It is in fact those situations where standartization failed and where
opposting standards exist that created problems for deployement such is 
the case of S/MIME and PGP and neither one has achieved wide deployment
as the programs supporting one often can not deal with the other type 
of signature. I do not wish to be in the same situation with solutions
created by this WG and if we create something it must be something
that everone can deply and implement and that verification systems
are compatible with each other. 

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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Subject: Re: Why we should authenticate multiple identities
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
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On Sat, 2004-09-18 at 08:49, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> A patent application is not a patent; I understand that
> nowadays applications are filed containing many claims that
> the filer doesn't actually expect to be approved, but if
> they are approved, bonus!  So let's look at which claims we
> can realistically expect to survive into patent form, and do
> our best to educate the patent office about the rest.  The
> ones that do make it into the patent may not turn out to be
> an encumbrance after all, or if they are an encumbrance at
> least we have a solid idea of how to route around them.
> 
> On Sat, Sep 18, 2004 at 12:34:13PM +0100, Roy Badami wrote:
> | 
> | I don't think that's true.  The domain/IP verification schemes
> | directly address forgery, in a way that CSV doesn't.  Think about
> | Sender ID as a tool for senders who (for whatever reason) want to be
> | able to prevent others from sending forged mail claiming to be from
> | them.
> 
> I agree that the anti-fraud aspects of SPF/Sender ID are
> stronger than CSV, and should not be abandoned just yet.

Just as Sender-ID required making the PRA visible, making the validated
MTA EHLO name visible would play the same role in preventing spoofing. 
To also aid those where the EHLO domain is different from that of the
RFC2822 From, a simple name list provides a means of association which
can be obtained within a single DNS lookup.  This makes SPF/Sender-ID
seem extremely clumsy for this purpose.

> CSV alone is not sufficient because it has a weaker
> deployment driver than SPF / Sender ID.  To wit:
> 
> Suppose we have lazy.example.com.  We want to encourage
> lazy.example.com to deploy whatever we come up with.  But
> they're lazy, so they naturally want to know the
> consequences of noncompliance.
> 
>     "If I don't publish CSV records, what have I got to lose?"

CSV would allow a low cost means of white-listing.  Rather than
obtaining hundreds of addresses that will need constant maintenance, the
root MTA name plays that role.  As I also illustrated with marid-mpr
draft, this also greatly reduces overhead needed to associate ANY
mailbox domain with the MTA.  CSV lays a solid foundation for more
advanced schemes like MPR later.

>     "Spammers might spoof with your HELO domain name."

Actually, I find BATV more compelling in preventing the MAIL FROM
spoofing than SPF.  That would remove some SPF motivations.  BATV
provides this protection unilaterally. 

>     "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no CSV
>     record?"

I would expect any reputation scheme to evolve into known good, or known
affiliations (verified by way of the CSV name), and have the unknown
receive slow path treatment and perhaps extensive filtering.  The
motivation would be to restore an ability to send higher volumes of
mail.  A reputation scheme can not be based upon the identities obtained
from either SPF or Sender-ID as these identities are far too weak.

>     "Considering that lots of MTAs don't even HELO with a
>     resolvable hostname, and we seem resigned to that, frankly
>     I'd have to say they're not going to reject your mail."

Until there is also a CSV-CSA record discovered, then the advantages of
being recognized will not exist.  CSV will allow the validation of the
MTA by name.  CSV is resolved to change the depreciation of the EHLO
name.

>     "Then why should I bother?"
> 
>     "Because it makes life easier for other people who'd be
>     victimized by spoofing --- we aim to get CSV records on
>     every legitimate HELO hostname in the world so we can
>     close that loophole."

Currently there is a tremendous expense consumed by those that send mail
using false identities.  This may mean a phase-in aimed at slowing this
flood of abusive mail.  To consume less time looking through filtered
mail, and to conserve the remaining network for productive uses, a
combination of white-listing and slow path approaches should provide
plenty of motivation.  The white-list may even allow an ability to
override an IP address black-list. 

> The SPF story goes like this:
> 
>     "If I don't publish SPF records, what have I got to lose?"
> 
>     "Spammers might spoof with your domain name in the
>     return-path or the headers."

But if the domain leaves the SPF/Sender-ID list open to allow the
acceptance of forwarded mail, then this will actually invite spoofing as
a means of usurping the domain's reputation. : (

>     "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no SPF
>     record?"
> 
>     "Considering that lots of domains have no SPF record,
>     that day is pretty far off.  Though you never know how
>     aggressive some people might get."
> 
>     "Then why should I bother?"
> 
>     "Because when people forge your domain name in the
>     return-path or the headers, you get the bounces, and
>     your users get phished.  Is that a problem for you?"

BATV solves the bounce mail problem.  SPF NEVER stops the phishing
problem.  Even Sender-ID would be a valuable tool for a confidence
artist, as it allows easy means to either spoof of deceive the
recipient.  Displaying a validated EHLO name would be a much more
difficult name to spoof and where financial institutions should make an
effort to be consistent in their use of these EHLO names.

Making the EHLO name visible when it is validate would also be
motivation for the deployment of CSV records.  Making this name visible
would also provide valuable consumer protections that are not possible
with SPF or Sender-ID.  In addition, the use of these names does not tie
consumers to a particular provider, nor will this name risk the
reputation of a domain that uses the services of providers.  CSV leaves
the accountability with the providers.

>     "Oh, then yes, that is a problem."
> 
> So it seems to me that the average domain owner has a more
> compelling case to do SPF than CSV.  I'm not saying nobody
> will do CSV: I fully expect ESPs and ISPs to do CSV on their
> MTAs, but you're not going to see uninterested parties
> putting negative CSV assertions on all the other hostnames
> that could be HELO'ed by MTAs.  By contrast, I expect many
> more people to put SPF records on their domains because the
> benefits are more immediate and more apparent.

The risks publishing SPF records will become more apparent when SPF
based reputation becomes employed.  Expect a flood of unhappy
individuals and litigation.  Should the validated EHLO domain become
visible to the recipient, then this acts to protect their name.  This
can be confirmed by way of a simple list if needed.  Why expend all the
effort listing addresses over and over?

> | As a tool for recipients, Sender ID and CSV both provide a hook on
> | which to hang reputation and accreditation systems, and I'm agnostic
> | as to which will work better in the real world, though my feeling is
> | that they may in fact turn out to be complementary.
> 
> I agree that they will be complementary.  In the same way
> that restaurants offer a variety of eating options to
> satisfy different needs, we should aim to offer a variety of
> authentication options to accommodate the market better.

Although I would agree that SPF plays a more significant function than
Sender-ID in combating spam, I suspect BATV remains a better solution in
that respect.  SPF or Sender-ID can not live up to the promise of
providing trustworthy validations of the sending domain.

> I have been observing a pattern of fallacious debate which
> can perhaps be called "winner takes all".  In this pattern,
> when you are given a choice of N options, you are allowed to
> pick only one: so proponents fight tooth and nail for their
> favourite choice.  This happens a lot because winning feels
> good; many of us are trained to try very hard to win; and
> besides, people who do not subscribe to this pattern of
> living tend to be interest themselves in things other than
> IETF working groups.

There is a large infrastructure built upon an incredibly ubiquitous
application.  Retaining the scalability of this application also means
considering the implications any scheme has upon routing and overhead. 
In my view, SPF and Sender-ID fail in those considerations.  Making a
cornucopia of options for what should be a universal method to send a
message is also counter to such a goal.   

> Very often, though, in the real world, we end up with a
> blend of multiple inputs, or we end up going with a
> plurality of the choices that lie before us.  Yesterday at
> lunch we ordered the chocolate catheke *and* the key lime pie.
> There's nothing inherently wrong with getting two desserts
> instead of one.  There are some operational considerations,
> of course: it costs more, and we certainly didn't want to
> order every single dessert on the menu just to have a taste.
> In the same way, we probably don't want to tell the Internet
> to have to do 512 different things; if we can limit our
> recommendations to a small set of four or five they'll
> probably find that livable.  Any reasonable person who hears
> "this is the one and only thing you have to do" will probably
> think was a bit of a hard sell.
> 
> The silly sort of "winner takes all" debate ends up looking
> like:
> 
>     "Children, what is your favourite colour?"
>     - "I like yellow!"
>     - "I like blue!"
>     - "No you don't!"
>     - "Yes I do!"
> 
> I am implementing a next-generation system based on the
> Aspen model of authentication, reputation, accreditation.
> In that system, I'll check authentication on SPFv1, SPFv2,
> CSV, and Domain Keys.  I'll check Spamhaus and Cloudmark
> Rating and the VDL.  Two heads are better than one, and
> yellow and blue go very nicely together.

Will you be providing the reputation services for SPF?

-Doug



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From: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
To: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
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Subject: Re: Why we should authenticate multiple identities
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On Sat, Sep 18, 2004 at 07:01:14PM +0100, David Woodhouse wrote:
| 
| This is going to be _entirely_ counterproductive in the long run. If you
| want true authentication, implement a true end-to-end scheme rather than
| a hop-by-hop scheme which cannot ever solve the problem. MARID has its
| place but this is _not_ it.
| 

I plan to implement DomainKeys as soon as a plugin is
available for my MTA.  Have you implemented it yet?

| We need to stop disingenuously selling SPF/SenderID as a real
| authentication scheme. Those who sell it like this are doing us _all_ a
| disservice because they're going to severely hurt adoption of whatever
| true authentication scheme is settled upon by those groups who are
| working on it as we speak.
| 
| As for selling SPF as a method to stop bounces -- that's just bizarre.
| BATV/SES are a totally effective way of doing that, without requiring
| _anything_ of third parties for the 'publisher' to get the benefit.

I will try to clarify an important misunderstanding.

SPF Classic targets the practice of return-path spoofing.

The immediate benefit to publishers is that they will begin
to get fewer bounces.

But that is not the only benefit.

The total benefit is that return-path spoofing will be
reduced.

Part of the harm of return-path spoofing is that
undeliverable addresses generate cause bogus bounces.

But another part of the harm of return-path spoofing is that
deliverable addresses receive forgeries.  A bounce may not
get generated, but harm is still done.

I agree that BATV/SES are the best solution to the
stop-bogus-bounces problem, better than SPF Classic because
they can be implemented unilaterally.  The cost is only
slightly higher than SPF Classic: both require domains to
corral all their users into using the domain's approved
servers.  In addition, BATV/SES sign outbound return-paths.

However, BATV/SES only limit the harm from the fraction of
the mail that does bounce.  It does not address the fraction
of the mail that is delivered.  SPF Classic and Sender ID do.

Therefore, the benefit of SPF Classic goes beyond reducing
bounces.  Likewise, the purported benefit of Sender ID
addresses phishing, which for whatever reason is not being
addressed by true end-to-end methods today.

When banks start DomainKeys or S/MIME signing all outbound
mail, I promise to give up SPF and Sender ID.  If you want
me to stop campaigning for SPF and Sender ID, I suggest you
focus your energies on the dependency.

To reiterate my position: if you believe you have the One
True Solution, please go and help make it happen.  If you
believe that someone else's One True Solution is wrong, it
is more productive in the long run to work on your solution
than attack somebody else's.

    Mathemeticians stand on each other's shoulders.
    Computer scientists stand on each other's feet.
    -- originally Richard Hamming, I think.



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To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>, <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: Why we should authenticate multiple identities
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On Sat, 18 Sep 2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:

> On Sat, Sep 18, 2004 at 07:01:14PM +0100, David Woodhouse wrote:
> | 
> | This is going to be _entirely_ counterproductive in the long run. If you
> | want true authentication, implement a true end-to-end scheme rather than
> | a hop-by-hop scheme which cannot ever solve the problem. MARID has its
> | place but this is _not_ it.
> 
> I plan to implement DomainKeys as soon as a plugin is
> available for my MTA.  Have you implemented it yet?

No and I don't believe anybody else should either. That is unless you're 
prepared to loose legitimate email when it comes through email list.

DK is badly engineered mail signature system that will cause many false 
positives - it falls particularly badly with maillists and with majority 
of other cases of email being reintroduced by gateways or intermediate 
email processors, in fact anything that changes headers in any way!

If you want something that is ok consider MTA Signatures or possibly
Cisco identified email proposal. Neither one is perfect, but at least
there is not as much space for failures.
 
> | We need to stop disingenuously selling SPF/SenderID as a real
> | authentication scheme. 
Nobody does. But at the same time SPF offers ability to protect communication
parameters of the transmission (envelope) and its a lightweight approach
that can be more easily implemented and can allow to reject mesage before
transmission even began.

All encryption methods while offering a lot stronger protection, they also
carry heavier penalties for those doing signatures and verification and
they require a lot more changes to all MTAs to support it.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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Subject: Re: Why we should authenticate multiple identities
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Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com> schrieb/wrote:
> The SPF story goes like this:
...
>     "Oh, then yes, that is a problem."

Some time later:

        "I'm getting more rouge bounces."

        "That's because some servers bounce messages when the SPF check
        failed."

        "I thought they should not do that."

        "Well, some do anyway."

Claus
-- 
http://www.faerber.muc.de




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Subject: Re: Why we should authenticate multiple identities
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
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On Sat, 2004-09-18 at 11:24, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> On Sat, Sep 18, 2004 at 07:01:14PM +0100, David Woodhouse wrote:
> | 
> | This is going to be _entirely_ counterproductive in the long run. If you
> | want true authentication, implement a true end-to-end scheme rather than
> | a hop-by-hop scheme which cannot ever solve the problem. MARID has its
> | place but this is _not_ it.
> | 
> 
> I plan to implement DomainKeys as soon as a plugin is
> available for my MTA.  Have you implemented it yet?

I suspect the ultimate solution for digital signatures will be a merger
of IIM and DomainKeys.  I'll wait to see how these solutions are
resolved once MASS gets going.

> | We need to stop disingenuously selling SPF/SenderID as a real
> | authentication scheme. Those who sell it like this are doing us _all_ a
> | disservice because they're going to severely hurt adoption of whatever
> | true authentication scheme is settled upon by those groups who are
> | working on it as we speak.
> | 
> | As for selling SPF as a method to stop bounces -- that's just bizarre.
> | BATV/SES are a totally effective way of doing that, without requiring
> | _anything_ of third parties for the 'publisher' to get the benefit.
> 
> I will try to clarify an important misunderstanding.
> 
> SPF Classic targets the practice of return-path spoofing.
> 
> The immediate benefit to publishers is that they will begin
> to get fewer bounces.
> 
> But that is not the only benefit.
> 
> The total benefit is that return-path spoofing will be
> reduced.
> 
> Part of the harm of return-path spoofing is that
> undeliverable addresses generate cause bogus bounces.

The reason for the spoofed MAIL FROM strategy is to circumvent
blacklists which prevent the message from being sent directly.  BATV
blocks this back-door technique entirely.  A public version of BATV
should also allow the return path to be discarded before an attempt to
send the bounce is made.  The message will be stopped before it is sent
in most case however, even with the private mode.   

> But another part of the harm of return-path spoofing is that
> deliverable addresses receive forgeries.  A bounce may not
> get generated, but harm is still done.

By preventing the success of this strategy with BATV, there should be
fewer such attempts over time.

> I agree that BATV/SES are the best solution to the
> stop-bogus-bounces problem, better than SPF Classic because
> they can be implemented unilaterally.  The cost is only
> slightly higher than SPF Classic: both require domains to
> corral all their users into using the domain's approved
> servers.  In addition, BATV/SES sign outbound return-paths.
> 
> However, BATV/SES only limit the harm from the fraction of
> the mail that does bounce.  It does not address the fraction
> of the mail that is delivered.  SPF Classic and Sender ID do.

BATV can be done by the MUA as well as the MTA.  There is not a
requirement to constrain where the message originates for the BATV
scheme to still function.  The granularity of the BATV can be over both
users and time.  Once implemented system wide, there will be a high
percentage of bounces eliminated.

SPF or Sender-ID schemes do not address the sources of abuse.  Abusers
can publish these records as well as legitimate domains.  As both the
SPF and Sender-ID identities are easily spoofed, these names are
worthless for asserting a reputation without the risk of harming
innocent domains.  Their weak identities likely make these schemes more
of a risk than an asset.  

> Therefore, the benefit of SPF Classic goes beyond reducing
> bounces.  Likewise, the purported benefit of Sender ID
> addresses phishing, which for whatever reason is not being
> addressed by true end-to-end methods today.

Sender-ID does not address phishing!  If anything a confidence artist
will likely use the "validations" of Sender-ID as a means to establish
credibility which can be done a number ways.  If financial institutions
adopt consistent EHLO names and have these validated names made visible,
this would make phishing significantly more difficult.  As it would be
difficult to spoof the EHLO name, it is not likely to serve to falsely
increase the credibility of a message.

Unlike Sender-ID, a consistent field would be made visible which
prevents the sneak path made possible by differences in the PRA
selection algorithm.  Until the MUA is upgraded to display this
validated EHLO name information, nothing changes with respect to the
level of reliance consumers are asked to give the mailbox addresses they
see.  In the case of Sender-ID, the PRA may be fully validated by the
MTA, but the From can remain Big-Bank.com.  Suggesting consumers can
trust the mailbox domain once Sender-ID is in place would be extremely
hazardous.  

> When banks start DomainKeys or S/MIME signing all outbound
> mail, I promise to give up SPF and Sender ID.  If you want
> me to stop campaigning for SPF and Sender ID, I suggest you
> focus your energies on the dependency.

Just like Sender-ID and SPF, these signatures will not reduce the spam
problem.  With the higher overhead needed to process these signatures,
it becomes even more urgent to address the spam issue for these
technologies to be viable. 

> To reiterate my position: if you believe you have the One
> True Solution, please go and help make it happen.  If you
> believe that someone else's One True Solution is wrong, it
> is more productive in the long run to work on your solution
> than attack somebody else's.

Focus on goals more than a specific solution.  It seems serious issues
are not addressed out of a sheer desire to promote "the" solution
irrespective of potential downsides.  As was illustrated by the
marid-mpr draft, taking two steps in the process actually takes less
time, incurs less cost in terms of maintenance, and protects the
customers of providers by not forcing a mailbox domain or allowing a
provider's neglect to unfairly tarnish their domain's reputation.

By the same token, responsible providers must be allowed to defend their
address space from abusive customers.  This is often done through
transparent interception or port blocking.  Devising a scheme that works
for an end-to-end exchange is not appropriate for mail that must
consider the use of a shared MTA.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: Why we should (not) authenticate multiple identities
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Meng Weng Wong wrote:

>A patent application is not a patent; I understand that
>nowadays applications are filed containing many claims that
>the filer doesn't actually expect to be approved, but if
>they are approved, bonus!  So let's look at which claims we
>can realistically expect to survive into patent form, and do
>our best to educate the patent office about the rest.  The
>ones that do make it into the patent may not turn out to be
>an encumbrance after all, or if they are an encumbrance at
>least we have a solid idea of how to route around them.
>
That's important.  Also, isn't anything that's provably prior art that 
makes it into the patent not an encumberance either?  In other words, 
what will make it into the patent and can be successfully defended is 
the relevant question, yes?

>
>CSV alone is not sufficient because it has a weaker
>deployment driver than SPF / Sender ID.  To wit:
>  
>
I don't disagree with your arguments in support of this claim, but I 
disagree with the conclusion because of strong counterarguments.
Here are some arguments that the opposite is true (an edited version of 
Meng's post):

SPF / Sender ID alone is not sufficient because it has a weaker
deployment driver than CSV / SPF3.  To wit:

Suppose we have lazy.example.com.  We want to encourage
lazy.example.com to deploy whatever we come up with.  But
they're lazy, so they naturally want to know the
consequences of noncompliance.

    "If I don't publish CSV records, what have I got to lose?"

    "Spammers might spoof with your HELO domain name.  Besides,
    it's quicker to do it than to spend a few minutes discussing
    'why bother?'.  Heck, if you don't run your own mail servers,
    you can just publish an empty record, which will ensure you
    have a good reputation when you decide you want to have your
    own mail servers.  It's much, much easier than creating a
    good SPF1 record."

    "Will people reject my server's mail simply because I have no CSV
    record?"

    "If spammers spoof with your HELO domain name, it'll get blacklisted.
    They're going to reject your server's mail once that happens."

    "Oh, then yes, that is a problem.  I'd better make a CSV record.
    There'll be CSV records on
    every legitimate HELO hostname in the world soon,
    so as to close that loophole, huh?"

The SPF story goes like this:

    "If I don't publish SPF records, what have I got to lose?"

    "Spammers might spoof with your domain name in the
    return-path or the headers."

    "How do I create an SPF record to prevent this?  My users
    send mail through servers like smtp.comcast.com. According
    to AOL's Hutzler, 'AOL already gets >85% of our spam from
    other ISPs main outbound MTAs.'

    "You can't.  (Unless you force your users to use servers you control.)"

    "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no SPF
    record?"

    "No..."

So it seems to me that the average domain owner has a more
compelling case to do *CSV than SPF*.  I'm not saying nobody
will do SPF...



>I have been observing a pattern of fallacious debate which
>can perhaps be called "winner takes all".  In this pattern,
>when you are given a choice of N options, you are allowed to
>pick only one: so proponents fight tooth and nail for their
>favourite choice.  This happens a lot because winning feels
>good; many of us are trained to try very hard to win; and
>besides, people who do not subscribe to this pattern of
>living tend to be interest themselves in things other than
>IETF working groups.
>  
>
Yes, the wannabe-standards can be seen as complementary.  The IETF can 
endorse (so to speak) several of them.
However, there's a cost to implementation of each one (and they vary!).  
To the extent that we can standardize on the minimum number that is 
sufficient to accomplish the goals best (in terms of, e.g. the amount of 
effort needed to implement them) we reduce the total cost of 
implementation.  Given that all the proposals require A&R (Accredidation 
and Reputation Services) to be effective*, the amount of work needed for 
A&R should be considered important as well.
(*notwithstanding Doug argument that that SPF-style A&R is nigh 
impossible.)  Hence it's appropriate for you and I to argue, as we are 
doing, which is better.

Remember all the effort that sysadmins went through to close open 
relays?  It was thought that this would go a long way toward solving the 
spam problem.  It failed to stem the tide.  We need to have some 
confidence that when we go to sysadmins and ask 'em to do something else 
to solve the problem that it WILL stem the tide.  Hence the urgent need 
for a *closely scrutinized / debugged* BCP on how M.A.R.I.D.s should be 
used.

(Yes, I'm agreeing with William - we should choose one MARID scheme.

>I am implementing a next-generation system based on the
>Aspen model of authentication, reputation, accreditation.
>In that system, I'll check authentication on SPFv1, SPFv2,
>CSV, and Domain Keys.  I'll check Spamhaus and Cloudmark
>Rating and the VDL.  Two heads are better than one, and
>yellow and blue go very nicely together.
>  
>
Cool.  I expect SpamAssassin will be doing much of this as well (not the 
SenderID bit!).
OT: How does one access the VDL? 

David Woodhouse said:

>We need to stop disingenuously selling SPF/SenderID
>
Yup.



Claus Färber wrote:

>...
>Some time later:
>
>        "I'm getting more rouge bounces."
>  
>
It's 'rogue'; folks keep misspelling it or I wouldn't mention it.

>        "That's because some servers bounce messages when the SPF check
>        failed."
>
>        "I thought they should not do that."
>  
>
That's true but the spec itself doesn't say whether they should or not. 
Anyone want to work on the BCP?  I'm thinking of putting it up on a wiki 
(the ASRG wiki, so that contributions are covered by needed policy) for 
collaborative improvement.



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Trust, and who knows what (was Re: SPF abused by spammers )
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sat, 18 Sep 2004 18:05:30 BST."
             <046101c49da1$b5296160$0200000a@ringo> 
Date: Sat, 18 Sep 2004 22:04:33 -0400
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"Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk> wrote:
> The recipient is invited to accept that the message _is_ from the
> purported domain because the Sender's Policy says he should - she
> has declared that shared MTA trustworthy. It's her message, her
> policy, her choice of shared MTA.

  I can publish a record saying my MTA is the best in the world.
That's my perogative as admin, but it doesn't mean that statement is
an accurate refelection of reality.  It's a statement of faith, and
nothing more.

> The receiver has to trust:
> 
> 1) The DNS service to deliver the correct SPF policy for the domain
> 
> 2) The IP transport system to report accurately the IP address of the sending
> MTA.

  The recipient already trusts DNS & IP transport, independent of any
additional records in DNS.  Adding SPF or other records in DNS changes
nothing about that trust.

> The message has been identified as coming from the sender's domain, and the
> sender has accepted responsibility for the behaviour of the MTA.

  Which is not the same as claiming the message actually originating
from the sender.  So why make that claim?

  Instead, claim that "MAIL FROM" checks means that the domain admits
that the shared MTA can use it's name in MAIL FROM, and that the
domain will accept the bounces from messages sent by that MTA, for
messages which use it's name in MAIL FROM.

> I invite you to be specific about this second trust relationship you talk of.

  I'm not sure what part of my message was unclear.

  a) An "originating" domain allows the shared MTA to send messages
     using it's name in "MAIL FROM".  The recipient can verify that
     the name is being used, and that the "originating" domain has
     publicly stated that such use of it's name is permitted.

  b) An "originating" domain claims that when a shared MTA uses it's
     name in "MAIL FROM", that those messages are not being spoofed by
     another party sharing that MTA.  The recipient has no way of proving
     to his own satisfaction that such a statement is true.

     Therefore, that statement has little or no meaning the recipient.
     It is useful solely as a statement about the "originating"
     domain's beliefs, and not as a statement reflecting any kind of
     objective reality.

> Agreed - I don't think I was advocating a 'binary' value in the trust itself,
> was I?

  No.

> If you intend this as a criticism of SPF then you have to expose
> these unspoken assumptions.

  It's not a criticism of SPF.

> I'm not associated with any one scheme.  I'm a 'sufferer' who needs
> a workable, engineeringly-viable solution.

  That's pretty much my stance.  I haven't seen anything dramatically
useful, just a collection of tools which can help.

> We are being
> invited to consider the candidates one by one.  This goes agains all my
> engineering instincts, which are to:
> 
> a) Agree the objectives and metrics of success,

  The charter already talks about MTA authorization records in DNS.
To a certain extent, any discussion of the objectives is too late.

> b) Identify all viable candidates,
> 
> c) Assess them in parallel against the objectives, constructing interesting
> scenarios, test cases etc. - against which all candidates can be evaluated.

  Yes, well, that would be nice.  Instead, we have umpteen patent
discussions, and few ways to determine which proposal is "better", or
even if a proposal is "good enough".

> It may well be that you can see some specific weakness in the use of
> Mail-From that the rest of us cannot see and that you can do the WG
> a service by exposing that specific weakness.

  I'm not sure it's a weakness, so much as a lack of information.  The
MAIL FROM isn't about the originator, it's about the bounce path.  So
all you know about any value used in MAIL FROM is:

  a) the SMTP client sent you that value
  b) that value might be an actual bounce path for the message

  Any "trust" in the MAIL FROM cannot be based on information which
MAIL FROM does not contain: the identity of the originator.  Any
"trust" in MAIL FROM can only be based on the information which MAIL
FROM does contain: the bounce path.

>  I've been trying to manoeuvre you into doing this with your 'trust'
> concern.  I'm genuinely trying to understand the 'space' in which
> the receiver's trust or mistrust of the sending MTA matters to you.

  I understand, and I've tried to explain as best I can.

> What is it that the sending MTA can do or not do which, whilst still
> honoring the trust that the sender has in that MTA, causes Mail-From
> to be flawed?

  It's not the MAIL FROM which is flawed, it's the ability of the
recipient to believe the senders trust in the shared MTA, as anything
other than a statement of faith made by the vender.

  Faith is nice for the believer, but it means nothing to someone
else.  Experiments, and directions for reproducing those experiments,
are useful to both the experimentor and to anyone he's trying to
convince.  For MARID, unverifiable statements about a senders beliefs
are faith, nothing more.

  Or, as Emily Dickinson said:

	Faith is a fine invention
	When gentlemen can see,
	But microscopes are prudent
	In an emergency.

  Alan DeKok.



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Subject: Re: IPR: analysis of Microsoft patent applications
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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On Sat, 2004-09-18 at 04:34, Roy Badami wrote:
> >>>>> "David" == David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> writes:
> 
>     David> When considered holistically, the domain/IP verification
>     David> schemes don't actually manage to achieve anything more than
>     David> CSV does -- they only give a way to determine how much to
>     David> trust the individual mail server which is offering the
>     David> mail.
> 
> I don't think that's true.  The domain/IP verification schemes
> directly address forgery, in a way that CSV doesn't.  Think about
> Sender ID as a tool for senders who (for whatever reason) want to be
> able to prevent others from sending forged mail claiming to be from
> them.

When financial institutions use consistent EHLO names for their MTAs and
validated EHLO names are presented to users, then this too serves to
foil forgeries.  This depends upon users being able to recognize these
names through their normal correspondence.  The marid-mpr draft was to
illustrate a simple name list could be used to confirm the message is
within the nominal mail channel. 

The advantages using CSV/MPR over Sender-ID are as follows:

a) The RFC2822 From will be marked out of the nominal mail channel
   irrespective of any other headers. 

b) A single DNS lookup is required to obtain the mailbox domain/MTA
   association.

c) Phase-in is safer with reliance upon the EHLO name and not the
   mailbox domain.  Until seen, there is no increased expectations.

d) The EHLO is stronger, and more difficult to spoof than Sender-ID and
   allows for reputations to be safely asserted.

e) Reputation assertions upon the EHLO name-
   1) Isolate problems where this is not true for Sender-ID.
   2) Does not constrain the use of the mailbox domain allowing provider
      choice.
   3) Protects consumers from lax providers tarnishing their reputation.
   4) Allows mailbox domain associations to safely be open without
      inviting spoofing exploits.

> As a tool for recipients, Sender ID and CSV both provide a hook on
> which to hang reputation and accreditation systems, and I'm agnostic
> as to which will work better in the real world, though my feeling is
> that they may in fact turn out to be complementary.

Sender-ID does not provide a safe hook for reputation assertions nor
does it provide good forgery protection as it can be easily spoofed.

-Doug





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From: "Chris Haynes" <chris@harvington.org.uk>
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Subject: Proposal for  VERIFIED keyword
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Problem statement
------------------

A shared MTA has to be trusted to have ensured that the sender is authorised to
use the Mail-From address. There is no indication in the SMTP protocol, or in
the message headers, that this verification is actually taking place on a
message-by-message basis.

Mis-configurations, operational errors, changes in policy, etc., could mean that
the tests at the shared MTA have temporarilly ceased, yet the node is still
being trusted.

Senders who have declared their trust in the MTA by listing it with a '+' may
have their trust betrayed; under these abnormal conditions the MTA may permit
other users of the shared MTA to forge the mail-from address.

This should be of particular concern to those senders who use a shared outbound
MTA not under their administrative control (e.g. customers of most ISPs).

New keyword
--------------

We define an SMTP service extension which uses the keyword "VERIFIED"

When an MTA is offering a verified message to a receiver which supports VERFIED,
it MUST include the parameterless keyword VERIFIED in the MAIL FROM command.

Example:  MAIL FROM: fred@example.com VERIFIED

Actions by sending MTA
------------------------

To verify the mail-from address the sending MTA MUST perform at least one of the
following two tests:

1) It MAY verify the mail-from address using its own Sender-ID.mail-from test,
and the test result MUST NOT be a 'fail'  or,

2) It MAY receive the message through some other mechanism by which it has
ensured that the entity which supplied it with the message was authorised to use
that mail-from address.

(Example : it could have perfomed SMTP AUTH and then checked in its own database
that this authenticated entity is authorised to use that specific mail-from
address).

Messages which are not verified by at least one of the above two tests SHOULD
NOT be offered for onwards transmission.

If, they fail the verification but are nevertheless offered for onwards
transmission, the "VERIFIED" keyword MUST NOT be used in the MAIL-FROM command.

Actions by receiving MTA
--------------------------

When the message is offered the receiving MTA SHOULD undertake the
Sender-ID.mail-from tests in the usual way.

If the VERIFIED keyword is not present, and the Sender-ID.mail-from test result
was 'pass', the receiving MTA MUST downgrade the mail-from test result to
'neutral' ('?') before any further use is made of that test result.
=================


This proposal covers the need to protect the sender's interests against
operational errors, equipment failures, mis-configuration of MTA,  policy
changes etc. etc. at the site of the shared MTA.

It does not protect against sites which are prepared to lie - but this should
have been taken into account when the sender decided how much trust to have in
that MTA when she formulated her SPF policy.

It would also IMHO be a useful addition even when the outbound MTA is not shared
and is within the sender's organisation.

My advice to senders would be to only list as '+' those trusted MTAs which have
committed to the use of VERIFIED.

Indeed, the effect of my proposal is that messages sent through MTAs which do
not yet support VERIFIED can NEVER be given a '+' test result - there MUST be a
VERIFIED keyword present to achieve a '+' mail-from test result.

Chris Haynes




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Subject: Re: Trust, and who knows what (was Re: SPF abused by spammers )
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 "Alan DeKok" replied:
>
>   It's not the MAIL FROM which is flawed, it's the ability of the
> recipient to believe the senders trust in the shared MTA, as anything
> other than a statement of faith made by the vender.
>

Ah! Now here we can agree. We may differ as to _whose_ trust is broken, but the
crucial point is that a shared MTA is being trusted to have ensured that the
sender is authorised to use the Mail-From. There is no indication in the SMTP
protocol, or in the message headers, that this authorisation is actually taking
place.

I raised this problem as a criticism of PRA - where the MUA had no indication
that the MTA had actually verified the PRA.

Exactly the same criticism can now be directed at the current set of drafts.

All sorts of operational errors, changes in policy, etc., could mean that the
tests at the shared MTA have temporarilly ceased, yet the node is still being
trusted.

This should be of particular concern to those senders who use a shared outbound
MTA not under their administrative control (e.g. customers of most ISPs).


I've just posted a new thread "Proposal for VERIFIED keyword".

Would something like this help your trust concerns?  It would mine.

Chris Haynes





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From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: SenderID name in use by somebody else
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I have found that apparently both senderid.net and senderid.org domains
are registered (to unknown party as whois info lists domainsbyproxy, but
registration is dated Oct 2003 and thus is prior to MARID):
 http://www.completewhois.com/cgi-bin/whois.cgi?query=91739046&options=retrieve

Looking at the website at http://www.senderid.org it appears they are 
adding "tm" to every use of SenderID on their website which makes me 
think they may have applied for a trademark. The website appears to 
indicate that these domains are related and setup by makers of software 
called MailKey. I'm not reallyfamiliar with that company but I seem to 
remember them being somewhatof an annoynance at ASRG last year with their 
stupid C/R implementation, some people even decided to filter them out:
 http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/asrg/current/msg02479.html

Here is how SenderID is described on their website:
 What is SenderID(tm)?
 SenderID(tm) permits the identification of inbound emails which have 
 "spoofed" (faked) "From" addresses. SenderID(tm) enabled servers also help 
 people to authenticate the origin of emails sent from them; so SenderID(tm)
 messages can be trusted more than other messages. Using SenderID(tm) on 
 outbound messages helps to reduce the risk of Identity Theft. 

The above description comes very close to wha MARID is doing (and appears 
to cover it), futher on webpage it says: 
 What about legitimate exceptional IP addresses from which mail is sent?
 SenderID(tm) v1.1 will be compatible with the SPF authentication system 
 developed by Meng Weng Wong. SPF allows the reverse look up, on the DNS 
 system, of the exceptional IP addresses from which legitimate mail can be 
 sent. Domains registered with SenderID(tm) can also list their exceptional
 IP addresses from which legitimate mail is sent at SenderID.org. SenderID(tm)
 software checks for the presence of any of these exceptional IP addresses 
 on its central registry

There is also a link to spf.pobox.com on their links page. So while I'm not
entirely certain if they are trying to capilalize on our work or not,
clearly their use of this name is in direct conflict to what MARID is doing

It does also that they have a seniority on use of this name as for example 
is referenced in the following article back from Feb 2004:
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_pwwi/is_200402/ai_mark1121481067

As such I believe their use of SenderID predated this WG and its our use
that is in conflict with their software and not the other way around. This
gives them very good standing in court and otherwise and it may become a
serious problem for us in the future, as such I STRONGLY advise this WG 
to reconsider futher use of the SenderID name in light of this conflict.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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On Sat, 18 Sep 2004, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>
> I agree that BATV/SES are the best solution to the
> stop-bogus-bounces problem, better than SPF Classic because
> they can be implemented unilaterally.  The cost is only
> slightly higher than SPF Classic: both require domains to
> corral all their users into using the domain's approved
> servers.

Incorrect: you can implement BATV on a per-user basis. Users can continue
to work as they currently do, but if backscatter is a problem for them
they can reconfigure as necessary (so that they always use authenticated
message submission via the domain's home systems) and turn on BATV,
without affecting other users of that domain.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
HEBRIDES BAILEY: WEST BACKING SOUTHWEST 6 TO GALE 8, BECOMING CYCLONIC LATER
IN BAILEY. SHOWERS THEN RAIN. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE OR POOR.



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: SenderID name in use by somebody else
Date: Sun, 19 Sep 2004 12:34:51 -0400
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On Sep 19, 2004, at 8:12 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> As such I believe their use of SenderID predated this WG and its our 
> use
> that is in conflict with their software and not the other way around. 
> This
> gives them very good standing in court and otherwise and it may become 
> a
> serious problem for us in the future, as such I STRONGLY advise this WG
> to reconsider futher use of the SenderID name in light of this 
> conflict.

After rereading Section 7.4 of RFC 3667, it would appear that it is not 
our place to judge the validity of this trademark registration.  Either 
the IETF has been granted the right to the trademark in its 
reproduction of documents or it has not... and in this case I believe 
the latter is true.

And unlike the issue of the patent application and patent license, this 
directly affects the liability of ISOC/IETF.

I will consult with the PTB to verify this.

-andy



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Subject: Re: Why we should authenticate multiple identities
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On Sat, 2004-09-18 at 14:24 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> I plan to implement DomainKeys as soon as a plugin is
> available for my MTA.  Have you implemented it yet?

> When banks start DomainKeys or S/MIME signing all outbound
> mail, I promise to give up SPF and Sender ID. 

The problem with DomainKeys is that it's not _ready_ yet. If my
understanding is correct, it still actually breaks in the real world --
mail sent via mailing lists which add a few lines to the mail will
appear to have a _broken_ signature. We need to make sure that is fixed
first.

As I said, it's massively counterproductive to sell something before
it's ready, especially if it's going to reject valid mail. All you'll do
is put people off and then they won't play when it really _does_ work.

But it's being worked on. Be patient :)

> I agree that BATV/SES are the best solution to the
> stop-bogus-bounces problem, better than SPF Classic because
> they can be implemented unilaterally.

Right.

> The cost is only slightly higher than SPF Classic: both require
> domains to corral all their users into using the domain's
> approved servers.

As Tony pointed out, that's not strictly necessary. I currently
implement SES on an opt-in basis. You can instantly stop getting any
bounces to mail you didn't send -- but you have to start using SMTP
AUTH. It's a per-user choice (actually per-address).

> However, BATV/SES only limit the harm from the fraction of
> the mail that does bounce.  It does not address the fraction
> of the mail that is delivered.  SPF Classic and Sender ID do.

Actually SES _can_ address the fraction of the mail that is delivered.
Try delivering MAIL FROM:<dwmw2@infradead.org> to any machine which does
SMTP sender verification callouts, for example. I appreciate that
callouts are unpopular in some quarters -- the use of a stunt DNS server
and something like the SPF 'exists' mechanism has also been suggested,
as a way to assist recipients in identifying fake messages.

> To reiterate my position: if you believe you have the One
> True Solution, please go and help make it happen.  If you
> believe that someone else's One True Solution is wrong, it
> is more productive in the long run to work on your solution
> than attack somebody else's.

To a certain extent I agree with that sentiment, but not entirely. For a
start I don't like your choice of pronouns. We're all in this together;
there should be no 'us and them'. 

If we sell them snake oil now, they're less likely to trust us later
when we _do_ get the formula right. 

If I didn't think that SPF was actively harmful in the long run, I
wouldn't argue against it.

-- 
dwmw2



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On Sun, Sep 19, 2004 at 10:57:22AM +0100, Chris Haynes wrote:
> 
>  "Alan DeKok" replied:
> >
> >   It's not the MAIL FROM which is flawed, it's the ability of the
> > recipient to believe the senders trust in the shared MTA, as anything
> > other than a statement of faith made by the vender.
> >
> 
> Ah! Now here we can agree. We may differ as to _whose_ trust is broken, but the
> crucial point is that a shared MTA is being trusted to have ensured that the
> sender is authorised to use the Mail-From. There is no indication in the SMTP
> protocol, or in the message headers, that this authorisation is actually taking
> place.
> 


But with SPF, the trust you're being asked to place is not whether the
sender is authorized to use that MAIL FROM:; it's whether the entity
connecting to your MTA (the destination MTA, presumably) is one
associated with the MAIL FROM: RHS.  It's a somewhat subtle, but
important, distinction.

-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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Meng,

On Sat, 2004-09-18 at 11:24, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>  A patent application is not a patent; I understand that
>  nowadays applications are filed containing many claims that
>  the filer doesn't actually expect to be approved, but if
>  they are approved, bonus!  So let's look at which claims we
>  can realistically expect to survive into patent form, and do

You are suggesting depending upon a particular Patent Office outcome. Patent 
processes are not nearly that predictable.  Feel free to present some evidence 
to the contrary.  

In general Internet-scale adoption and use of technology is significantly 
constrained by the number of strategic dependencies to that adoption and use.  
Fewer is always markedly better.  Each critical dependency can have unwanted 
outcomes, thereby jeopardizing the effort that depends on it.


>  I agree that the anti-fraud aspects of SPF/Sender ID are
>  stronger than CSV, and should not be abandoned just yet.

First of all, let's be clear about focus, function and dependencies:

SPF is mostly about validating a particular message's original sender.  It does 
this indirectly, by authenticating the RFC2821.MailFrom. It relies on the 
authorization of the MTAs along the delivery path to each recipient.  It 
requires on-going coordination between the originating sender, the administrator 
of the RFC2821.MailFrom's domain name and administrators of each MTA along the 
path the each recipient.  SPF has no accreditation mechanisms.

Sender-ID  is mostly about validating a particular message's author. It does 
authentication of the RFC2822.From and authorization of the the MTAs along the 
delivery path to each recipient .  It requires on-going coordination between the 
author, the administrator of the RFC2822.From's domain name and administrators 
of each MTA along the path the each recipient. These are often independent 
administrative authorities. Sender-ID as no mechanisms relating to 
accreditation.

CSV is about validating the operator of a peer (client) MTA.  It does 
authentication and authorization of the RFC2821.Helo/Ehlo domain name, used by 
that MTA. It requires on-going coordination between the operator of that domain 
name and the administrator the domain name used by the MTA in the 
RFC2821.Helo/Ehlo; this is typically the same administrative entity.  CSV also 
does accreditation of that domain name.

So the scope and focus of each of these is notably different.  One therefore 
ought to be rather careful in comparing them.  


>  CSV alone is not sufficient because it has a weaker
>  deployment driver than SPF / Sender ID.  To wit:

Assessing adoption and use incentives requires a tad more effort.  What are the 
administrative requirements? Who must perform them? How often? What parts of the 
infrastructure must change?  What problems does it solve? How do cost vs. 
benefit compare? And so on.

SPF and Sender-ID require that someone responsible for generating or posting 
content must know ahead of time what MTAs their message will go through. That 
means that virtually every domain name must pre-register path records and must 
maintain them when new or different paths will be used.  So, for example, the 
administrator of the originator's domain must know when the ISP who is running 
the MTAs changes IP Addresses for their MTAs. And SPF and Sender-ID break 
existing third-party origination and relaying scenarios.  

Hence, SPF and Sender-ID work comfortably only for some very simple scenarios.  
The fact that those scenarios are popular is seductive enough to make it easy to 
miss the challenges posed for other, entirely legitimate scenarios.  Attempting 
to apply SPF or Sender-ID to those other scenarios requires changing the nature 
of email admin, ops and use.

CSV requires that the operator of a client MTA use some domain name that 
supports CSV conventions.  Any domain name will do. Hence the number of domain 
names to support is some orders of magnitude smaller than for SPF or Sender-ID. 
And CSV does not try to correlate message content with message path. So there is 
no requirement for ongoing "cross-talk" between administrative realms. Further, 
CSV cannot evaluate an individual message.  Rather it permits assessing an 
operator's aggregate performance.  SPF and Sender-ID cannot do this.  CSV does 
not involve any changes to Internet-scale scenarios, such as forwarding.

For all that, CSV and SPF/Sender-ID try to solve very different problems.  
SPF/Sender-ID try to ask whether a particular message is likely to be safe.  CSV 
tries to ask whether a particular MTA operator is likely to be safe.


>  "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no CSV
>  record?"
....
>  "Will people reject my mail simply because I have no SPF
>  record?"

These exemplars purport to go to the heart of what one can and cannot do with 
the different mechanisms.  What the exemplars miss is that no one attempting to 
use them can reasonably assert a negative, in the absence of support by the 
client.  Hence, these schemes are primarily useful only for making a positive 
assessment.  That is the logic difference between confirming a sender that is on 
a whitelist, versus rejecting a sender that is not.

It is essential to assume that no scheme will have very large-scale adoption 
anytime soon.  Internet experience in changing existing services is quite 
consistent on this point.

That ought to make us all pretty modest about our expectations.  It also means 
we should validate that a scheme is useful when there is small-scale adoption; 
that is, when the typical case is that it is not supported.


>  "Considering that lots of domains have no SPF record,
>  that day is pretty far off.  Though you never know how
>  aggressive some people might get."
>  "Then why should I bother?"
>  "Because when people forge your domain name in the
>  return-path or the headers, you get the bounces, and
>  your users get phished.  Is that a problem for you?"

This says that the SPF is useful for protecting against forged bounce addresses. 
For this we modify the email architecture and we incur on-going path 
registration costs.


>  So it seems to me that the average domain owner has a more
>  compelling case to do SPF than CSV. 

CSV is not for the 'average' domain owner.  It is strictly for MTA operators.

SPF and Sender-ID require on-going coordination between those average domain 
owners and MTA operators.  CSV requires no such coordination between independent 
administrative entities.  

Care to re-consider your assessment about adoption and use incentives?


>  but you're not going to see uninterested parties
>  putting negative CSV assertions on all the other hostnames
>  that could be HELO'ed by MTAs.  

I re-read this statement a number of times and I still can't figure out what you 
are saying.


>  I have been observing a pattern of fallacious debate which
>  can perhaps be called "winner takes all".  

I've been observing a pattern of responding to all new issues with "we can fold 
that into [the undocumented] Unified SPF".  And, yes, that sounds a lot like a 
winner take all model.  

What is troubling is that it misses the long and well-established lesson that 
schemes that try to be all inclusive usually fall down of their design, 
implementation, administration and operations complexity.



d/
--
Brandenburg InternetWorking
dcrocker@brandenburg.com
+1.408.246.8253





From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep 19 15:33:31 2004
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Subject: Re: Trust, and who knows what (was Re: SPF abused by spammers )
Date: Sun, 19 Sep 2004 20:05:42 +0100
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"Mark C. Langston" opined:

>
> On Sun, Sep 19, 2004 at 10:57:22AM +0100, Chris Haynes wrote:
> >
> >  "Alan DeKok" replied:
> > >
> > >   It's not the MAIL FROM which is flawed, it's the ability of the
> > > recipient to believe the senders trust in the shared MTA, as anything
> > > other than a statement of faith made by the vender.
> > >
> >
> > Ah! Now here we can agree. We may differ as to _whose_ trust is broken, but
the
> > crucial point is that a shared MTA is being trusted to have ensured that the
> > sender is authorised to use the Mail-From. There is no indication in the
SMTP
> > protocol, or in the message headers, that this authorisation is actually
taking
> > place.
> >
>
>
> But with SPF, the trust you're being asked to place is not whether the
> sender is authorized to use that MAIL FROM:; it's whether the entity
> connecting to your MTA (the destination MTA, presumably) is one
> associated with the MAIL FROM: RHS.  It's a somewhat subtle, but
> important, distinction.
>

I beg to differ.

SPF can check the whole of the MAIL-FROM address, not just the RHS.  You can
construct policies which use the macro function to insert the LHS into a further
look-up - thus giving a policy which is user-specific, not just domain-specific.

A 'trusted' shared MTA must prevent cross-customer forgery to at least the level
of granualarity of the corresponding SPF policy.  So, to be _sure_ of providing
the level of trust required in offering the message it must, I think, ensure
that the whole Mail-From address LHS@RHS may be used by whatever entity is
asking it to send the message.

My language "sender is authorised to use..." relates to the tests which a
trusted MTA server needs to undertake internally to discharge the trust that is
placed in it, not to the semantics of the SPF test itself.

Chris Haynes




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Mark,


On Sun, 19 Sep 2004 10:57:50 -0700, Mark C. Langston wrote:
>  But with SPF, the trust you're being asked to place is not whether the
>  sender is authorized to use that MAIL FROM:; it's whether the entity
>  connecting to your MTA (the destination MTA, presumably) is one
>  associated with the MAIL FROM: RHS.  It's a somewhat subtle, but
>  important, distinction.

I think that summarizing SPF as asking "whether the sender is authorized to use 
that MAIL FROM:"

Rather than simply giving a different summary that is valid, could you please 
explain what is wrong with the semantics of this one?

d/
--
Brandenburg InternetWorking
dcrocker@brandenburg.com
+1.408.246.8253





From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sun Sep 19 16:07:09 2004
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From: "Mark C. Langston" <mark@bitshift.org>
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Subject: Re: Trust, and who knows what (was Re: SPF abused by spammers )
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On Sun, Sep 19, 2004 at 12:29:42PM -0700, Dave Crocker wrote:
> 
> Mark,
> 
> 
> On Sun, 19 Sep 2004 10:57:50 -0700, Mark C. Langston wrote:
> >  But with SPF, the trust you're being asked to place is not whether the
> >  sender is authorized to use that MAIL FROM:; it's whether the entity
> >  connecting to your MTA (the destination MTA, presumably) is one
> >  associated with the MAIL FROM: RHS.  It's a somewhat subtle, but
> >  important, distinction.
> 
> I think that summarizing SPF as asking "whether the sender is authorized to use 
> that MAIL FROM:"
> 
> Rather than simply giving a different summary that is valid, could you please 
> explain what is wrong with the semantics of this one?
> 


Yes.  Sorry for not being clear the first time.  It's a problem for the
reason pointed out by the poster to whom I was responding:  it says
nothing about the policies of the entity connecting to the MTA doing the
SPF check.  There's no way to know whether the original sender was, in
fact, a legitimate claimant to that MAIL FROM:.  The connecting MTA
could be an open relay, allowing anyone to claim that MAIL FROM: and
pass it through that MTA to the destination.  If the SPF record checks
out, the best you can say is that the connecting MTA is legitimately
associated with that domain name.


-- 
Mark C. Langston            GOSSiP Project          Sr. Unix SysAdmin
mark@bitshift.org   http://sufficiently-advanced.net    mark@seti.org
Systems & Network Admin      Distributed               SETI Institute
http://bitshift.org       E-mail Reputation       http://www.seti.org



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On Sun, 19 Sep 2004 12:39:35 -0700, Mark C. Langston wrote:
>      it says
>  nothing about the policies of the entity connecting to the MTA doing the
>  SPF check.  

Let's see:

	-  The MailFrom contains a domain name.  
    -  Under that domain name, the client MTA is registered.
    -  The client MTA does not have to give the domain name administrator 
       "permission"
    -  The client MTA *does* decide to carry the message containing that 
       MailFrom

So there really *is* a policy relationship between the creator of the MailFrom 
and the operator of the MTA.  (An open relay is merely an MTA with a promiscuous 
policy.)

 
> There's no way to know whether the original sender was, in
>  fact, a legitimate claimant to that MAIL FROM:.  The connecting MTA
>  could be an open relay, allowing anyone to claim that MAIL FROM: and
>  pass it through that MTA to the destination.  
> If the SPF record checks
>  out, the best you can say is that the connecting MTA is legitimately
>  associated with that domain name.

Oh.  You are saying that there is a formal relationship between the MailFrom 
domain and the client MTA, but no enforcement of any relationship between the 
Mailfrom and the RFC2822.From or RFC2821.Sender?  And, in fact, From or Sender 
can specify any MailFrom they want?  Good point.

However, the MailFrom domain presumably register client MTA addresses that it 
trusts.  If the MailFrom domain administrator is registered addresses for open 
relays, that's their problem.

In other words, the presumption is that the MailFrom domain very much is making 
an explicit decision about the acceptability of that client MTA.

So, when the original sender chooses to go through a particular MTA, using a 
particular MailFrom, the presumption is that the administrator of that MailFrom 
trusts the posting policies of the client MTA.  Presumably this means that the 
client MTA has appropriate controls on who can post.  This would mean that the 
kind of possible MailFrom abuse you are suggesting would not be permitted by 
that Client MTA.

So, this still sounds to me like " the sender is authorized to use that MAIL 
FROM:", albeit through a pretty obscure set of relationships.

d/
--
Brandenburg InternetWorking
dcrocker@brandenburg.com
+1.408.246.8253





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Subject: Re: Trust, and who knows what (was Re: SPF abused by spammers )
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Chris Haynes <chris@harvington.org.uk>
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On Sun, 2004-09-19 at 12:05, Chris Haynes wrote:
> "Mark C. Langston" opined:
> > On Sun, Sep 19, 2004 at 10:57:22AM +0100, Chris Haynes wrote:
> > >  "Alan DeKok" replied:
> > > >
> > > >   It's not the MAIL FROM which is flawed, it's the ability of
> > > > the recipient to believe the senders trust in the shared MTA, as
> > > > anything other than a statement of faith made by the vendor.
> > >
> > > Ah! Now here we can agree. We may differ as to _whose_ trust is
> > > broken, but the crucial point is that a shared MTA is being
> > > trusted to have ensured that the sender is authorized to use the
> > > Mail-From. There is no indication in the SMTP protocol, or in the
> > > message headers, that this authorization is actually taking place.
> >
> > But with SPF, the trust you're being asked to place is not whether the
> > sender is authorized to use that MAIL FROM:; it's whether the entity
> > connecting to your MTA (the destination MTA, presumably) is one
> > associated with the MAIL FROM: RHS.  It's a somewhat subtle, but
> > important, distinction.
> 
> I beg to differ.
> 
> SPF can check the whole of the MAIL-FROM address, not just the RHS. 
> You can construct policies which use the macro function to insert the
> LHS into a further look-up - thus giving a policy which is
> user-specific, not just domain-specific.
> 
> A 'trusted' shared MTA must prevent cross-customer forgery to at least
> the level of granularity of the corresponding SPF policy.  So, to be
> _sure_ of providing the level of trust required in offering the
> message it must, I think, ensure that the whole Mail-From address
> LHS@RHS may be used by whatever entity is asking it to send the
> message.
> 
> My language "sender is authorized to use..." relates to the tests
> which a trusted MTA server needs to undertake internally to discharge
> the trust that is placed in it, not to the semantics of the SPF test
> itself.

There are a few security concerns using a script that can reference
labels for a third parties (victims) to resolve in sequence.  The
ability to direct lookups to one DNS server and then another will
identify the source port for some implementations.  This then makes a
birthday attack relatively simple.  Using this label construction
macro's ability to resolve valid users is also fraught with additional
security problems.  In addition with a need to create a replicate user
list for each IP address used by the outbound MTA, the NXT function will
allow this list to be discovered.

As was illustrated by the marid-mpr draft, multiple MTA domains can be
associated with a mailbox domain without requiring these dangerous
subsequent DNS lookup on different servers.  The TXT script approach may
already overwhelm the DNS resolver.  To include a function normally
performed by the source domain only seems to be in denial of the
problem.  The dangerous macro language allows TXT, A, AAAA, MX, and PTR
records to be queried using arbitrary labels.  This seems like a really
bad idea and one nearly impossible to defend, especially when the use is
to grant authorizations.

-Doug



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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03 (was: New Drafts)
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 2004 00:12:37 +0200
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Mark Lentczner wrote:

> draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03

My observations in protocol-03 (minus typos and stuff already
reported by Nate Lion):

Line 7 ("Sender-ID" (tm))
<< The SPF Record Format and Sender-ID Protocol
>> The Sender Policy Framework (SPF) Record Format and Protocol

Short title for all page headers:
<< The SPF Record Format and Sender-ID Protocol
>> The SPF Record Format and Protocol

Then replace the eight remaining strings "Sender-ID" by "SPF".
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 186 (delete)
<< A compliant domain SHOULD publish authorizations for every
<< defined scope.
>>

Big ISPs may not want to regulate how and where their users use
"their" 2822-From.  That's a matter of the policy of the domain
owner, and it's the reason why we have more than one SPF scope.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Lines 206 - 212 (3 typos and a dubious MUST)
<< When a mail receiver decides to perform a Sender-ID check, it
<< MUST implement and evaluate the check_host() function (see
<< below) correctly and follow the requirements of the particular
<< scope under test.

>> When a mail receiver decides to perform a SPF check, it
>> determines the result of the check_host() function (see
>> below) following the requirements of the particular scope
>> under test.

SPF checks are defined in terms of the check_host() function,
and definitions IMHO don't qualify for an additional MUST.

<< While the tests as a whole or optional, once it has been
<< decided to perform a test it must as performed specified
<< so that the correct semantics are preserved between
<< publisher and receiver.

>> While the tests as a whole are optional, once it has been
>> decided to perform a test it MUST be performed as
>> specified so that the correct semantics are preserved
>> between publisher and receiver.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 244 (see also Nate's report)
<< This ensure that domains with published records and mail
<< receiver agree on the semantics of the scope.
>> This ensures that domains with published records and mail
>> receivers agree on the semantics of the scope.

Or say "the mail receiver" instead of "mail receivers".
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 327 (delete)
<< A domain name MUST have a record of at least one type.
>>

Domains without sender policy are perfectly okay.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 339
<< A Sender-ID compliant check SHOULD lookup both types.  If
<< both types of records are returned for a domain, the SPF
<< type MUST be used.
>> A SPF compliant check SHOULD lookup both types if necessary.

This SHOULD is about "do try both ways if the first way didn't
work".  It's not about receivers checking that both records
are identical, that's entirely the problem of the publisher.
The receiver is free to use whatever it gets first as is.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 455 ff. (see also Nate's report)
<< 2.1.8  Minor Version
Pleae move this stuff to section 2.1.2 (Version).
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 520 (typo)
<< The function check_host() take four arguments:
>> The function check_host() takes four arguments:

Line 590 (typo)
<< If the records are in a cache, and has not expired, then
>> If the records are in a cache, and have not expired, then

Line 660 (nitpick)
<< A given mechanism type may always appear multiple times
>> A given mechanism type may appear multiple times
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 681 (not more than one CIDR)
<< mechanism   = name [ ":" domain-spec ] *( "/" *DIGIT )
>> mechanism   = name [ ":" domain-spec ] [ "/" *DIGIT ]
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 739 (KISS)
<< Global modifiers MAY appear anywhere in the record, but
<< SHOULD appear at the end
>> Global modifiers SHOULD appear at the end

As long as you don't say MUST the "MAY" is implied by a SHOULD.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 758 (delete)
<< A modifier is not allowed to be defined as both global and
<< positional.
>>

That's IMHO obvious, same idea as for SINGULAR vs. MULTIPLE.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 767 (typo ?)
<< An intended side effect of these rules is modifiers cannot
<< be defined that modify other modifiers.
>> An intended side effect of these rules is that modifiers
>> cannot be defined to modify other modifiers.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 880 (typo)
<< When any mechanisms fetches host addresses to compare with <ip>
>> When any mechanism fetches host addresses to compare with <ip>


Line 887 (typo ?)
<< Should the server return domain does not exist (RCODE 3)
>> Should the server return "domain does not exist" (RCODE 3)
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 909 (maybe)
<< Mechanisms after "all" will never be tested.
>> Mechanisms after "all" will never be tested. Any "redirect"
>> (5.1) has no effect in the presence of an "all" directive.

Line 918 (maybe)
<< The <scope>, <ip> and <sender> arguments remain the same
<< as current evaluation of check_host().
>> The <scope>, <ip> and <sender> arguments remain always the
>> same.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1012 (the MX priorities are here IMHO irrelevant)
<< Then perform an address lookup on each MX name returned, in
<< order of MX priority.
>> Then it performs an address lookup on each MX name returned.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1189 (typo)
<< provide an way to extend the record format in the future
>> provide a way to extend the record format in the future

Line 1195 - 1198 (delete)
<< This document reserves two modifiers for future definition:
<< "accredit" and "match_subdomains".  Until these are defined,
<< implementations SHOULD ignore them.  There is also one deprecated
<< modifier: "default".  Implementations MUST ignore it.
>>

This document is quite clear about unknown and future modifiers
without this paragraph.  Obviously implementations MUST ignore
undefined modifiers.  What else "SHOULD" they do, if returning
random results is not an option ?
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1211 (see also line 918)
<< The <scope>, <ip> and <sender> arguments remain the same as
<< current evaluation of check_host().
>> The <scope>, <ip> and <sender> arguments remain always the
>> same.

Line 1215 (typo ?)
<< the result of current evaluation.
>> the result of the current evaluation.

Line 1309 (typo)
<< a URL with the parameters check_host()
>> a URL with the parameters of check_host()

Line 1312 (upper case both Redirect ?)
<< during execution of a Redirect modifier, the explanation
<< string from the target of the redirect is used.
>> during execution of a Redirect modifier, the explanation
>> string from the target of the Redirect is used.

Line 1394 (typo ?)
<< evaluation limit of an implementation is reached
>> the evaluation limit of an implementation is reached
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1466 (KISS)
<< macro-string = *( macro-char / v-char-ms )
>> macro-string = *( macro-char / v-char-dm / "/" )

Line 1473 (delete)
<< v-char-ms   = %x21-24 / %x26-7E
<<             ; visible characters except "%"
>>

Dito in lines 2076 and 2091 + 2092, get rid of v-char-ms, it's
the same as v-char-dm or slash.
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1467 and 2077 (ALPHA)
<< macro-char   = ( "%{" ALPHA transformer *delimiter "}" )

Why not use the proper subset sSlLoOdDiIpPvVcCrRtT here ?
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1485 (as reported by Nate)
<< o  = domain of <sender>
<< d  = <domain>
>> o  = original domain of <sender>
>> d  = <domain> of evaluated SPF record
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1489 (typo ?)
<< v  = the string "in-addr" for if <ip> is ipv4, or "ip6" if <ip>
>> v  = the string "in-addr" if <ip> is ipv4, else the string "ip6"

What's the idea here, why not "ip4" resp. "in-addr.arpa" ?
---------------------------------------------------------------

Line 1497 (undefined term)
<< t  = current timestamp in UTC epoch seconds notation

Please add a reference.  Assume that I have an ISO timestamp
for the year 2170 and need a %{t} formula, or vice versa.

Line 1499 (dito)
<< uppercase versions of all these macros are URL-encoded.
>> uppercase versions of all these macros are percent-encoded.

IIRC that's now the preferred term (compare 2396bis)

I'll try to read the remaining 800 lines in protocol-03 later,
but as far as I'm concerned the stuff is as good as ready for
standards track.
                  Bye, Frank




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On Thu, Sep 16, 2004 at 12:41:46AM -0700,
 Mark Lentczner <markl@glyphic.com> wrote 
 a message of 36 lines which said:

> I've submitted two drafts:
> draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03
> draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00

I do not find a new version of draft-ietf-marid-core. Is anyone
working on it? The version draft-ietf-marid-core-03 has at least two
big problems:

* depends on PRA so is not compatible with the new plan announced on
Sept. 11th "co-chair judgment of consensus related to last call period
of 23-Aug-2004 to 10-Sept-2004".

* in its 7.2, contains wrong uses of Resent-* headers



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Subject: Language too strict in draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00 (Was: DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a flag day.
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On Wed, Sep 15, 2004 at 08:39:30PM +0200,
 Markus Stumpf <maex-lists-email-ietf-mxcomp@Space.Net> wrote 
 a message of 27 lines which said:

> Why all the hassle. Let the people/market decide.
> 
> - if someone publishes -all and gets important mail bounced s/he can
>   still decide to remove/change -all

I agree. This is a local policy issue. The second paragraph in the
section 2.2 of draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00.txt ("SHOULD publish SPF
records that end in "-all") should be deleted or moved to "Security
considerations" with a less demanding wording.



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The issue is not necessarily one of Registered Trademark protection.

A registered trademark provides an advantage in establishing priority
and in claiming damages BUT it is also possible to infringe a
mark even if it is not registered. There is a common-law tort
in the UK called 'Passing-Off'.

It would be one thing if the other 'sender-id' mark was being used
by a dohnut shop, but in this case the product is in the same field.


I certainly do not want to end up with a lawsuit over a name. I like
the idea of having a simple self-explanatory name. One thing that we
might do is to use a name that has already been checked for trademark
etc. We did this earlier with some names we were going to use for
our email signing authentication scheme that we developed two years
ago. I won't mention the name on the list though till I have checked
on the IP.


		Phill



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Andrew Newton [mailto:andy@hxr.us]
> Sent: Sunday, September 19, 2004 12:35 PM
> To: william(at)elan.net
> Cc: MARID
> Subject: Re: SenderID name in use by somebody else
> 
> 
> 
> 
> On Sep 19, 2004, at 8:12 AM, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> 
> > As such I believe their use of SenderID predated this WG 
> and its our 
> > use
> > that is in conflict with their software and not the other 
> way around. 
> > This
> > gives them very good standing in court and otherwise and it 
> may become 
> > a
> > serious problem for us in the future, as such I STRONGLY 
> advise this WG
> > to reconsider futher use of the SenderID name in light of this 
> > conflict.
> 
> After rereading Section 7.4 of RFC 3667, it would appear that 
> it is not 
> our place to judge the validity of this trademark 
> registration.  Either 
> the IETF has been granted the right to the trademark in its 
> reproduction of documents or it has not... and in this case I believe 
> the latter is true.
> 
> And unlike the issue of the patent application and patent 
> license, this 
> directly affects the liability of ISOC/IETF.
> 
> I will consult with the PTB to verify this.
> 
> -andy
> 



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To: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
Subject: Re: SenderID name in use by somebody else
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On Monday 20 Sep 2004 16:09, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> The issue is not necessarily one of Registered Trademark protection.
>
> A registered trademark provides an advantage in establishing priority
> and in claiming damages BUT it is also possible to infringe a
> mark even if it is not registered. There is a common-law tort
> in the UK called 'Passing-Off'.
>
> It would be one thing if the other 'sender-id' mark was being used
> by a dohnut shop, but in this case the product is in the same field.
>
>
> I certainly do not want to end up with a lawsuit over a name. I like
> the idea of having a simple self-explanatory name. One thing that we
> might do is to use a name that has already been checked for trademark
> etc. We did this earlier with some names we were going to use for
> our email signing authentication scheme that we developed two years
> ago. I won't mention the name on the list though till I have checked
> on the IP.
>
>
>   Phill
>

To stave off any potential comeback, assuming it's not already taken would =
it=20
not be prudent to recommend changing the disputed mark to "Sender=20
Identification" - it's at least as meaningful and doesn't (as far as I know=
)=20
conflict with any other registered trademarks.

According to TESS the "sender-id" trademark lapsed in 2000.=20

Thoughts?

=2D-=20
If Mind over Matter is a Matter of Course,
 Does it Matter if Nobody Minds?

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 20 14:58:05 2004
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To: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: RE: SenderID name in use by somebody else
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[I'm forwarding something that I originally answered in private, but I 
 believe the answers (both to me & Andrew, and my reply) are of interest
 to MARID WG and IETF in general]

> Andrew,
> 
> Microsoft completed a trademark search and found that no issues.  I
> should note since we have gone public with using the name on June 1,
> others have attempted to submit trademark applications, which will be
> rejected due to prior usage.  If the question is can it be "trademarked"
> the answer is no.
> 
> If the question if the name can be used without infringing on another
> trademark, the answer is yes.
> 
> PS - The proper use of the name is with a space between Sender & ID, not
> as a single word.
> 
> Hope this helps.

Ok. That helps and explains why problem was not found, but I'll note that
both on this list and in press and in many other places the name used
was simply "SenderID", in other places such as latest version of protocol
document it is "Sender-ID".

There is clearly some confusion in the name even among the people who are 
developing the technology and I believe confusion will continue and as
such the presense of "SenderID(tm)" from senderid.org with technology
description so similar to ordinary person to Sender ID of MARID may
lead people to wrong place which means problem adaption.

Additionally I'll note that Microsoft in the past has filed legal actions 
against people and organizations that have used names that sound similar
to its patented marks, for example just recently there was well publicised
case of Microsoft vs Mike Rowe in regards to mikerowesoft.com

Without taking a position on if Microsoft actions against Mike Row were
appropriate or well supported by current laws, I'll note that presense
of such disputes means that there are those that believe that trademark 
is more then just spelling, and as such if we continue with using "Sender 
ID", this might put IETF and ISOC in the position of being responsible 
for trademark infringement and might cause legal actions, which, no matter 
if IETF wins or not, is not a pleasent situation and something that we 
should try to avoid by minimizing possibility of name and trademark 
disputes in regards to terms used by IETF.

I believe it would be appropriate for WG chairs to take this matter further
with IESG or IAB (I think this is already being done) to decide the course
of actions further in regards to IETF continuning use of the "Sender ID"
name in its documents.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 20 15:56:09 2004
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Subject: Re: Language too strict in draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00 (Was:
	DEPLOY: Permitting '-all' to be used immediately represents a flag day.
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
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On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 06:51, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Wed, Sep 15, 2004 at 08:39:30PM +0200,
>  Markus Stumpf <maex-lists-email-ietf-mxcomp@Space.Net> wrote 
>  a message of 27 lines which said:
> 
> > Why all the hassle. Let the people/market decide.
> > 
> > - if someone publishes -all and gets important mail bounced s/he can
> >   still decide to remove/change -all
> 
> I agree. This is a local policy issue. The second paragraph in the
> section 2.2 of draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00.txt ("SHOULD publish SPF
> records that end in "-all") should be deleted or moved to "Security
> considerations" with a less demanding wording.

Publishing "open" records using "?all" or "+all" is not without risk and
is the reason for indicating a SHOULD USE "-all".  Unless there is a
restructuring of the methods to authorize the MTA separately from the
association of the MTA to mailbox domains, an "open" list will invite
spoofing in a quest to falsely claim to be "authorized" by this mailbox
domain.  While such an "open" list is vital to ensuring mail is not
lost, it also invites the problem SPF attempted to address in the first
place.  It is not reasonable to expect a near-term solution for this
problem.

This creates a quandary.  The list can not be closed without causing
mail to be lost, yet leaving the list open invites the problem that was
supposedly being solved.  It is also hazardous to allow unknown entities
to dictate various DNS records of differing domains be looked up
sequentially within a process that grants authorization.  The many
varied record types that SPF allows to be arbitrarily referenced
dramatically increases the risk.  This also opens up other security
concerns as the message may reference a website using poisoned records.

The means of delegation to other domains could be done by name and not
by address to avoid this problem.  By using a two step approach, the
mailbox domain and MTA relationships can be name based.  A list of names
can be obtained in a single DNS query and does not require a script. 
This allows dropping use of TXT records as no amount of script changes
or warnings offers a solution for the many fundamental design flaws:

 a) Prone to DNS record poisoning
 b) High overhead prone to DoS attack
 c) UDP exponential back-off ignored
 d) Allows phishing and spoofing
 e) Invites spoofing MAIL FROM!
 f) Identity easily spoofed to receive "Pass" or "Neutral"
 g) Identity does not locate source of abuse
 h) Identity does not accurately authorize the MTA
 i) Weak identity unsuitable for reputation assessment
 j) Script macros make SPF records unsuitable for white-listing
 k) Script macros allows spammers to hide their full address list
 l) Closed list will break mail
 m) Closed list may force use of provider's mailbox domain
 n) Process does not indicate records as "open" or "closed"
 o) MTAs not indicated as "shared"
 p) Can be used to falsely gain credibility by passing checks

If this was a medicine, it would only make the patient sicker.  Clearly
the risks do not out weight the benefits.  There is a viable solution
however.
 
-Doug



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 20 16:29:36 2004
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To: MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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Just a reminder...

Jabber room:  marid@ietf.xmpp.org
Date:  Every other Monday starting April 19
Time: 20:00 UTC
Your Time:  
http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html? 
day=19&month=4&year=2004&hour=20&min=0&sec=0&p1=0

-andy



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Subject: Re: Existing implementation of SPF1 for Exchange 2000?
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On Fri, 2004-09-17 at 09:01, Gordon Fecyk wrote:

> I know Meng and crew went nuts developing a stack of libraries to support=
 SPF
> v1 (yes v1, the same thing that AOL's using to check incoming mail).  I'd
> like to know if someone's developed an event sink for Exchange 2000 or 20=
03
> yet among that stack.

As Meng has apparently already pointed out there is one available.  It
would be prudent to review the downloads page @
http://spf.pobox.com/downloads.html.

> A really clever add-on could even automatically insert records into the D=
NS
> through dynamic update when the Exchange server starts.

I almost give up.  I've rewritten this response several times attempting
to show my displeasure at finding (what I perceive to be) such an
exceptionally bad idea being expressed on this list (yes I know by now I
should be used to it (*COUGH* XML IN DNS *COUGH*)).  But I'll give it a
whirl anyways.  Are you referring to dynamically updating an
authoritative name server or a private internal one merely using the DNS
server as a database?

Cheers,

James

--=20
James Couzens,
Programmer
                                                     ( ( (     =20
      ((__))         __\|/__        __|-|__        '. ___ .'   =20
       (00)           (o o)          (0~0)        '  (> <) '   =20
---nn-(o__o)-nn---ooO--(_)--Ooo--ooO--(_)--Ooo---ooO--(_)--Ooo---
http://libspf.org -- ANSI C Sender Policy Framework library
http://libsrs.org -- ANSI C Sender Rewriting Scheme library
-----------------------------------------------------------------
PGP: http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=3Dget&search=3D0x7A7C7DCF

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 20 17:00:08 2004
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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

>> if someone publishes -all and gets important mail bounced
>> s/he can still decide to remove/change -all

> I agree. This is a local policy issue.

Yes and no.  Yes, s/he can still decide to do something.  But
I'd never remove or change a -all, there are better options.
Like using an alias of my address not covered by the sender
policy.  But so far I never had this problem.  But I got about
180,000 bounces and other side effects of forged MAIL FROMs in
six months (03-08).

I'd never remove the -all voluntarily.  And apparently no other
user of claranet.de vanity hosts had any problem (the wildcard
was added in May IIRC).

> "SHOULD publish SPF records that end in "-all"
> should be deleted or moved to "Security considerations" with
> a less demanding wording.

It's perfectly okay.  SPF without -all is about as efficient as
the new FUSSP RfC 3865 [some remarks about RfC 3865 censored,
because this would cost me the write access to MARID].  So add
whatever CAVEATs and warnings you want, but don't touch this
SHOULD.  SPF without -all is a complete waste of bandwidth and
time.  Bye, Frank




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Subject: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF?
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Here's the idea in a nutshell: CSV makes use of extant SPF records which 
already list tens of thousands of domains that are authorized for use in 
HELO.

Who supports/opposes this change?

Details:
Perhaps a CSV that was backwards compatible with a simple subset of SPF1 
records would be useful.  SPF records that expect to result in an 'SPF 
pass' already must list the names used in HELO, so why not make use of 
that fact?
There was a survey (I tried to find it, but failed) mentioned on list 
showing that ~95% of all SPF records were one of a dozen strings (-all, 
~all, +a +mx -all, ...) that were resolvable with one DNS query (a link 
would be appreciated). 
Who thinks compatibility with a subset of SPF records would be an 
improvement to CSV?  Domains could continue to publish one of these 
records, and would need do nothing else to be compatible with this 
revised CSV, or if they preferred more flexibility and/or wanted to be 
good neighbors, could publish normal CSV records.
The subset could be defined as
a)those that resolve to one of the n (e.g. n=12) most popular records, or
b)records that use only, e.g. a, ptr, mx, ip4, or ip6 and fit in UDP.

In either case, parsing issues, and the issues of TCP failover, TXT 
crowding and DNS providers that don't support CSV nearly disappear.

The algorithm would be that a check is done for a CSV record first (and 
if found, only it is used); if none is found, a check is made for a 
conforming SPF record.

Who would support this change?
Would you prefer a CSV compatible with a larger set of SPF records?  
(Keep in mind that domains that aren't used in HELO don't need to have 
these records at all, as far as CSV is concerned.  If you have a complex 
SPF record, that's OK - keep it.  Just add a simple SPF record for the 
hostname you announce in HELO, or add a CSV record.)



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 20 20:09:28 2004
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Subject: Re: Language too strict in draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 13:27, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> 
> >> if someone publishes -all and gets important mail bounced
> >> s/he can still decide to remove/change -all
> 
> > I agree. This is a local policy issue.
> 
> Yes and no.  Yes, s/he can still decide to do something.  But
> I'd never remove or change a -all, there are better options.
> Like using an alias of my address not covered by the sender
> policy.

You would not know which alias to use to overcome a problem that can not
be known in advance. : ( 

>   But so far I never had this problem.  But I got about
> 180,000 bounces and other side effects of forged MAIL FROMs in
> six months (03-08).

I would expect BATV will be a good solution for this problem.

> I'd never remove the -all voluntarily.  And apparently no other
> user of claranet.de vanity hosts had any problem (the wildcard
> was added in May IIRC).

It is often difficult to know when a message simply goes missing.  There
would be no way of knowing which recipients are forwarding their
messages.  You are suggesting when a message does go missing, (perhaps
without notice) that there be an alternative address to recover from the
problem.  It could be this assumption of acceptable losses holds because
far fewer use SPF to reject mail than publish records. 

> > "SHOULD publish SPF records that end in "-all"
> > should be deleted or moved to "Security considerations" with
> > a less demanding wording.
> 
> It's perfectly okay.  SPF without -all is about as efficient as
> the new FUSSP RfC 3865 [some remarks about RfC 3865 censored,
> because this would cost me the write access to MARID].  So add
> whatever CAVEATs and warnings you want, but don't touch this
> SHOULD.  SPF without -all is a complete waste of bandwidth and
> time.  Bye, Frank

Although changing the structure of Sender-ID slightly does allow goals
of the MARID charter to be safely achieved, I recognize this has not
been the shared concept that brought the group together.  I hope a few
see such efforts as an earnest endeavor to achieve the goals of the
MARID charter and not as an effort to thwart progress.

By using a two step process, the recipients can be notified when a
message is outside the nominal mail channel, and a name based list can
be used to safely establish the MTA/Mailbox-domain relationship.  An
open SPF/Sender-ID list would be worse than a waste of bandwidth, but
closing the list would make mail delivery unreliable.  By having the MTA
authorization separate from the mailbox domain association, there would
much less motivation for spammers to utilize these open records.

In the jabber session, there was a discussion looking for an a header to
be inserted into the message associated with the sending MTA.  I
suggested the EHLO/Received: header, if validated using CSV, establishes
an equally strong relationship as would adding a new header or
redefining other existing headers.  The advantage would be that these
headers already exists and, once validated, would be suitable to
associate the message with the sending MTA.

Fix what we know to be broken first.  Not authenticating the EHLO name
is broken. Once the EHLO name is reliable, then this becomes an
inflection point.  With this long broken aspect of SMTP repaired, then
the information needed to associate mailbox domains becomes dead simple
and very safe. Such a solution allows the needed identity strength for
asserting a reputation where much of the abuse will be abated.  A
validated EHLO alone would be extremely helpful in preventing spoofing
and phishing.

Sender-ID could simply build upon a foundation of "strengthened"
existing structures.  Sender-ID then becomes a simple name list to
associate the mailbox-domain to MTAs.  The goal of the MARID charter
does not require that a script be used nor does the goal require an
address list be used to define the Mailbox-domain/MTA relationship.  As
can be discerned by the potential downsides using addresses instead of
names, the slight change being suggested is to use names rather than
addresses.  Fix what we know to be broken, and then add Sender-ID using
names.

-Doug


  



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Subject: Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF?
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On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 16:33, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> Here's the idea in a nutshell: CSV makes use of extant SPF records which 
> already list tens of thousands of domains that are authorized for use in 
> HELO.
> 
> Who supports/opposes this change?

Ney.

This is a repeat of an older debate. This would not be an improvement
over the current CSV draft.  SPF often requires a series of lookups to
resolve an address list.  This list is often not fully defined as it is
commonly intended to associate mailbox domains with a much larger set of
MTA addresses.  It also may allow the EHLO domain to use SPF/Sender-ID
records as a means to spoof, as these records are often open-ended.  The
host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate record
anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer within a single
lookup?  Why not use a different record which can not exploit a record
intended to associate mailbox domains with MTAs?  Making SPF/Sender-ID
records an optional fall-back will only cause problems.  SPF/Sender-ID
does not need to be an "all for one, and one for all" record.  : ) 

-Doug



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On 9/20/2004 5:21 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:

>On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 16:33, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>  
>
>>Here's the idea in a nutshell: CSV makes use of extant SPF records which 
>>already list tens of thousands of domains that are authorized for use in 
>>HELO.
>>
>>Who supports/opposes this change?
>>    
>>
>
>Ney.
>
>This is a repeat of an older debate. 
>
No, I'm making a different suggestion.  Please read the whole post!
I'm eliminating some or all of the records that you mention having a 
problem with below.

I should have stated one thing clearly: only +type components of records 
would be relevant; ~type and ?type would be ignored.

I registered your Nay on Jabber...

>SPF often requires a series of lookups to
>resolve an address list.  This list is often not fully defined as it is
>commonly intended to associate mailbox domains with a much larger set of
>MTA addresses.  It also may allow the EHLO domain to use SPF/Sender-ID
>records as a means to spoof, as these records are often open-ended. 
>
No open-ended records would be allowed.  I don't think the fact that, 
e.g. +0/0 is allowed is of much concern, as spammers have demonstrated 
they can create MARID records for their own domains quite well; A&R are 
required.

> The
>host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate record
>anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer within a single
>lookup?  
>
We should, as my post makes clear.  But there are reported to be what, 
~300,000 SPF records?  Why not use them to the extent that I suggest?



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From: John Leslie <john@jlc.net>
To: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
Cc: MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF?
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Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com> wrote:
> 
> Perhaps a CSV that was backwards compatible with a simple subset of
> SPF1 records would be useful. 

   I don't wish to support or oppose this; but some discussion might
be helpful.

   Hopefully we can agree (for purposes of this discussion anyway)
that the subset should be small. At first blush, there are exactly
two useful cases:

- "+a -all"

- "-all"

   The first says that the exact list of address records (ipv4 or ipv6)
are all authorized to act as MTAs using this domain string as the
EHLO parameter; the second says that no host is authorized to use this
domain string as the EHLO parameter.

   In the first case, another DNS query for the address records would
be needed, which immediately raises two questions:

- is the response going to fit in a UDP reply?
  If not, we add a lot of complexity, and problems with (poorly configured)
  firewalls could be an issue.

- is the response going to return a complete list of address records,
  or are we facing a specialized DNS server which returns partial lists?
  If so, the situation is hopeless: we'd need to forbid this.

   IMHO, the "+a -all" case is a bad deal for CSV unless we define that
the response MUST be the complete set and MUST fit in a standard-size
UDP reply.

   The second case looks more useful: people _could_ publish wildcard
TXT records to forbid a wide variety of subdomains as EHLO parameters.
My personal thinking is that what we actually want is better accomplished
by wildcard suggested-service PTR records; but I don't want to rule out
other options.

   It's worth noting that CSV doesn't _need_ a way to publish prohibitions
in order to accomplish its purpose. There _will_ be many domains without
CSV policy published: if these domains only use IP address ranges with
no history of email abuse, there's no reason they _need_ CSV authentication,
authorization, and accreditation. CSV's great benefit is its ability to
quickly disseminate accreditation information which is both positive and
dependable.

   I agree there will be domains that want to make the prohibition of
use of any subdomains as EHLO strings; and it _might_ be conceptually
easier for managers of those domains to understand the use of SPF1 -all
records for that purpose.

   (My thinking for such domains has been to _not_ publish a CSV SRV
record, but publish a wildcard CSV PTR record with a target which will
recommend _against_ trusting MTAs using that EHLO string.)

--
John Leslie <john@jlc.net>



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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: Language too strict in draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00
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Douglas Otis wrote:

> You would not know which alias to use to overcome a problem
> that can not be known in advance. : (

Not sure what you're talking about.  Let's say that I send a
mail to somebody AT infradead mentioned here in other threads.

The receiver forwards this to a 3rd party without changing my
MAIL FROM.  The 3rd party says "you are not allowed to forge
xyzzy addreses" and refuses to accept the mail.  Infradead's
MTA returns the mail to me.  That's IMHO working as designed.

I could fix this problem by using a MAIL FROM de.clara.net or
another mailer (today with all these BLs around we all have
at least one backup MSA, or at least I found that this is a
MUST HAVE).

But I wouldn't authorize the ill-behaved MTA to use my address,
neither directly by adding this MTA to "my" sender policy, nor
indirectly by modifying "-all" to something else.

That's not how I understand SMTP, for me the MX is meant as the
gateway to the receiver.  It can forward, and relay, and do
whatever it wishes, but it _must not_ say MAIL FROM xyzzy while
talking with the MX of a 3rd party.  If I'd wanted to send my
mail to this 3rd MX, then I'd do it directly.

Okay, it may change common practice for some systems, and it's
obviously different from what Dave said, but OTOH we're here in
MARID because there _is_ a problem with SMTP.  Or rather more
than one problem, spf2.0/mfrom fixes only one of the problems.

> I would expect BATV will be a good solution for this problem.

In theory it could be, but spf2.0/mfrom is something working
today with my MUA and my ISP.  They didn't have to do anything,
only publish a sender policy with "-all".  No new MTA.

Spf2.0/mfrom also offers something for the receiver, the MX can
reject all FAILs.  That's also the reason why there SHOULD be a
"-all" in sender policies:  Without "-all" or similar without
any FAIL mechanism at all, why should the receiver bother to
evaluate the sender policy ?  SPF is a voluntary cooperation
between the (author of the) sender (policy) and the receiver,
and without a chance to get a FAIL the receiver has no reason
to cooperate.

Maybe I'd even implement it this way, if a sender policy has no
word starting with a "-" or a "redirect" stop the evaluation as
waste of time (yes, that violates several MUST in protocol-03,
but I could do it before calling check_host()).

> It could be this assumption of acceptable losses holds
> because far fewer use SPF to reject mail than publish
> records.

That's of course possible, but in my infradead scenario there
are no losses.  Hadmut published RMX in December 2002, RMX and
SPF were discussed over and over again, SPF started in January
2004, and so far the number of unexpected side-effects appears
to be minimal.

Forwarders and mail forgers have to adjust, yes.  But that's a
feature and not a bug.  I like it.  Now please let's be done
with it, get the two RfCs out a.s.a.p., and then start to work
on other ideas like CSV, MTAMARK, or more SPF scopes.

As long as SPF isn't ready I don't trust other ideas, because
I'm not sure if that's only meant to derail SPF or create FUD.

                            Bye, Frank




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On Mon, Sep 20, 2004 at 04:40:04PM -0700,
 Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote 
 a message of 90 lines which said:

> I would expect BATV will be a good solution for this problem.

Speaking of BATV, any implementation on the radar screen? Or a
concrete syntax? At the present time, I only see
draft-levine-mass-batv-00.txt.

 



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On Tue, Sep 21, 2004 at 04:53:11AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 73 lines which said:

> Maybe I'd even implement it this way, if a sender policy has no word
> starting with a "-" or a "redirect" stop the evaluation as waste of
> time (yes, that violates several MUST in protocol-03, but I could do
> it before calling check_host()).

Anyone can implement stupid policies on his own site. One can add an
implicit -all at the end, he can assume a "a/24 mx/24 -all" if there
is no SPF record, he can reject SPF records that are too lax
(ip4:0.0.0.0/0), he can use a badly-managed blacklist, he can have
frivolous requirments (like asking for a PTR record), etc. That's the
freedom you have on the Internet. You are never forced to accept mail,
you can require any criteria you want.

But it is one thing to have this freedom and it is another thing to
ask for a sanctification of these stupid policies in a RFC on the
standards track.
 
> SPF started in January 2004, and so far the number of unexpected
> side-effects appears to be minimal.

Because very few domains publish SPF and even less test it (and it is
often for information only, without rejections). And the current users
are quite knowledgeable about email. When SPF will become widely
deployed, you will see the "unexpected side-effects".
 



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On Mon, Sep 20, 2004 at 10:27:47PM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 29 lines which said:

> But I'd never remove or change a -all, there are better options.

Do what you want. My idea was not to constrain you but to free the
others :-)

> SPF without -all is a complete waste of bandwidth and time.

With ?all, you never have FAIL but you still have the PASS, which are
important for my whitelists.

If -all becomes mandatory, I will certainly *not* deploy SPF. I do not
want my "~/.forward" to break suddenly (and if you say that I should
switch from forwarding to remailing right now, I would reply they have
different semantics, specially when the mail cannot be
delivered. Without any real deployment of SRS or BATV - which are only
proofs of concept at this time - I will *not* use -all.)

The rest is a bit off-topic:

> [some remarks about RfC 3865 censored, because this would cost me
> the write access to MARID].

I cannot speak for the MARID Police but, since RFC 3865 "A No
Soliciting Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Service Extension"
talks about a related issue, informed opinions on RFC 3685 may be
useful to MARID, specially if you talk about how it combines with
MARID.





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On Mon, 20 Sep 2004, Douglas Otis wrote:

> This is a repeat of an older debate. This would not be an improvement
> over the current CSV draft.  SPF often requires a series of lookups to
> resolve an address list.  This list is often not fully defined as it is
> commonly intended to associate mailbox domains with a much larger set of
> MTA addresses.  It also may allow the EHLO domain to use SPF/Sender-ID
> records as a means to spoof, as these records are often open-ended.  The
> host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate record
> anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer within a single
> lookup?

My argument for this idea is simply that we settled on the SPF format
simply because single lookups (an "exists" lookup) were not flexible
enough for people's full needs. I doubt CSV's single lookup will be
either. Of course there is nowhere near as much adoption of CSV as there
is of SPF so we can't possibly be certain of this yet.

Matt.


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Subject: Re: Language too strict in draft-ietf-marid-mailfrom-00
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 19:53, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Douglas Otis wrote:
> 
> > You would not know which alias to use to overcome a problem
> > that can not be known in advance. : (
> 
> Not sure what you're talking about.  Let's say that I send a
> mail to somebody AT infradead mentioned here in other threads.
> 
> The receiver forwards this to a 3rd party without changing my
> MAIL FROM.  The 3rd party says "you are not allowed to forge
> xyzzy addreses" and refuses to accept the mail.  Infradead's
> MTA returns the mail to me.  That's IMHO working as designed.

The MTA may check the MAIL FROM prior to use and not always as a
condition of receipt.  There could easily be MTAs within the path that
do not implement this scheme.  An MTA administrator wishing to reduce
bounce traffic could drop messages that appear spoofed, and get it right
fairly often at the cost of reliability.  The alternative alias solution
you suggest was to leave the record open for reliable delivery, but this
record will attract those wishing to spoof in this brave new world. 
When there is also a reputation service using this identity, then even
the "reliable" method may not work. : (

To overcome this problem, make the MTA authorization a separate
operation from the mailbox domain/mail channel association.  Then the
use an open association record would not invite spoofing and retain the
reputation of such an open record.  This record can remain reliable in
all cases.  The recipient could be notified when the message was outside
the mail channel without needing to reject the message.  The recipient
would also know where the message originated by way of a validated MTA
name.  These identity relationships should not take an intelligent
filter long to recognize (or a human for that matter).

> I could fix this problem by using a MAIL FROM de.clara.net or
> another mailer (today with all these BLs around we all have
> at least one backup MSA, or at least I found that this is a
> MUST HAVE).

But with SPF, there are now two new reasons for needing a backup email
address.  Neither of these reasons are necessary to achieve the goal of
indicating which messages are within the nominal mail channel.  I would
expect only financial institutions would close their records and cause
some mail to either be rejected or go missing in an effort to fight
phishing.  I would also expect this painful mode would be a temporary
fix pending a widely deployed signature solution. 

> But I wouldn't authorize the ill-behaved MTA to use my address,
> neither directly by adding this MTA to "my" sender policy, nor
> indirectly by modifying "-all" to something else.

If your network provider protected their address space and transparently
intercepted port 25 traffic, then you may not have a choice which MTA is
used.  Depending upon your location, there may not be many
alternatives.  The problem SPF creates by using addresses is your
reputation is on the line, and not the provider's.  If your domain gets
blocked as a result, even going to a new provider will not overcome the
problem.  If you were using two providers, as you say you do, then
knowing which of these providers caused your dilemma may not be obvious
to you.  

> That's not how I understand SMTP, for me the MX is meant as the
> gateway to the receiver.  It can forward, and relay, and do
> whatever it wishes, but it _must not_ say MAIL FROM xyzzy while
> talking with the MX of a 3rd party.  If I'd wanted to send my
> mail to this 3rd MX, then I'd do it directly.

Again, you may not be allowed that option for good reasons.

> Okay, it may change common practice for some systems, and it's
> obviously different from what Dave said, but OTOH we're here in
> MARID because there _is_ a problem with SMTP.  Or rather more
> than one problem, spf2.0/mfrom fixes only one of the problems.

"The primary current use case for this facility is to allow recipient
MTAs to confirm that peer MTAs' actions are authorized by specific
domains or networks."  As not everything will change overnight, closed
records are not practical for describing the mail channel relationship
with a mailbox domain.  Providers will not want to retrain customers,
they will not want to deal with rejected messages or a slew of lost
messages.  The mail channel association with mailbox domain should be
seen as informational for a long time to come.

A closed record is practical immediately for describing the addresses
used by a specific MTA referenced by the MTA name.  To then describe
either a restrictive or informational mailbox domain to mail channel
relationship only requires a safe and simple name list.  The scope of
this list can easily include both the From and MAIL FROM (even the PRA
if the application tanks).    

> > I would expect BATV will be a good solution for this problem.
> 
> In theory it could be, but spf2.0/mfrom is something working
> today with my MUA and my ISP.  They didn't have to do anything,
> only publish a sender policy with "-all".  No new MTA.

Does that not run the risk of adding credibility to those that manage to
spoof this check?  Not checking within the channel makes spoofing
relatively simple in many cases.  

> Spf2.0/mfrom also offers something for the receiver, the MX can
> reject all FAILs.  That's also the reason why there SHOULD be a
> "-all" in sender policies:  Without "-all" or similar without
> any FAIL mechanism at all, why should the receiver bother to
> evaluate the sender policy ?  SPF is a voluntary cooperation
> between the (author of the) sender (policy) and the receiver,
> and without a chance to get a FAIL the receiver has no reason
> to cooperate.

But the use of "-all" is not without a cost.  When the goal defined by
the charter is taken seriously, then using a closed record is vital. 
The question is which record can be safely closed, and which record
should be expected to remain open.  The mail channel can not be closed
by many providers for practical reasons.  These are systems that make it
simple for the average user to send messages and where the provider can
detect and block a spammer but does not offer mailboxes.  The return
path can not be expected to hold a relationship with with the sending
MTA in every case without making wrenching changes to the way mail is
used. 

> Maybe I'd even implement it this way, if a sender policy has no
> word starting with a "-" or a "redirect" stop the evaluation as
> waste of time (yes, that violates several MUST in protocol-03,
> but I could do it before calling check_host()).
> 
> > It could be this assumption of acceptable losses holds
> > because far fewer use SPF to reject mail than publish
> > records.
> 
> That's of course possible, but in my infradead scenario there
> are no losses.  Hadmut published RMX in December 2002, RMX and
> SPF were discussed over and over again, SPF started in January
> 2004, and so far the number of unexpected side-effects appears
> to be minimal.
> 
> Forwarders and mail forgers have to adjust, yes.  But that's a
> feature and not a bug.  I like it.  Now please let's be done
> with it, get the two RfCs out a.s.a.p., and then start to work
> on other ideas like CSV, MTAMARK, or more SPF scopes.
> 
> As long as SPF isn't ready I don't trust other ideas, because
> I'm not sure if that's only meant to derail SPF or create FUD.

I have listed the security and reputation problems that will exist with
the SPF approach.  This is not to dismiss the goals of MARID with FUD. 
The goals of MARID can be achieved.  The mailbox domain/mail channel
relationship can not be described using addresses safely.  It can be
done using MTA names however.  Let's achieve the goal with the safest
and simplest solutions.  Above all, let's achieve the goal safely.

-Doug



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On Tue, 2004-09-21 at 09:38 +0200, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Mon, Sep 20, 2004 at 04:40:04PM -0700,
>  Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote 
>  a message of 90 lines which said:
> 
> > I would expect BATV will be a good solution for this problem.
> 
> Speaking of BATV, any implementation on the radar screen? Or a
> concrete syntax? At the present time, I only see
> draft-levine-mass-batv-00.txt.

Largely the point is it's unilateral so you don't _have_ to have an
agreed syntax. I've had an implementation purely in Exim configuration
since February -- http://david.woodhou.se/eximconf/include/routers-ses

Currently that stops the backscatter, and it stops fakes being delivered
to anyone who actually does SMTP sender verification callouts. It's been
suggested that we could implement a stunt DNS server and publish an SPF
record using 'exists' to get potential recipients to verify the
localpart that way, but I haven't bothered yet.

-- 
dwmw2




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Subject: IANAL and neither are you
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>>>>> "Daniel" == Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com> writes:

    Daniel> I have yet to meet a lawyer *anywhere* who would disagree
    Daniel> with the sentiment expressed in that post.

If you're refering to the sentiment that reading the patent may
increase your liability, then there appears to be one lawyer on this
list who disagrees.

In http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04982.html Anne
argues that _failing_ to read the patent may increase your liability.

       -roy



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I agree with Ann on this one, I think that it is difficult to claim
that a policy of not reading patents that you have good reason to
beleive may be infringed represents due dilligence.

But the position is far from unusual in US corporations. I know of
several global 500 brands where the policy is engineers do not
read patents.

Which kind of reduces the point of the exercise if patents are
meant to be a way of encouraging sharing of ideas. There needs
to be a root an branch reform of the patent system. Unfortunately
this is not currently within the scope of this group's charter.


> >>>>> "Daniel" == Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@pathname.com> writes:
> 
>     Daniel> I have yet to meet a lawyer *anywhere* who would disagree
>     Daniel> with the sentiment expressed in that post.
> 
> If you're refering to the sentiment that reading the patent may
> increase your liability, then there appears to be one lawyer on this
> list who disagrees.
> 
> In http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04982.html Anne
> argues that _failing_ to read the patent may increase your liability.
> 
>        -roy
> 



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 21 13:53:54 2004
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To: MARID List <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: regarding the trademark for "Sender ID"
Date: Tue, 21 Sep 2004 13:15:58 -0400
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With regards to the registration of the mark of "Sender ID", the 
following are the relevant facts we have found:

- there is a UK trademark application for "Sender ID" and "SenderID" by 
the same registrant.
- this registrant has been using "SenderID" since at least February 
2004.
- to our knowledge, the IETF has not been given permission to use 
either "SenderID" or "Sender ID" marks

It is our opinion that all MARID documents should no longer reference 
the output of the MARID working group as "Sender ID" or any other 
similar mark.  We believe the risk to the ISOC and the IETF standards 
publishing process to be too great.

If there is a need to refer to a simple name covering this work in IETF 
documents, we recommend "MARID".

Of course, individuals and organizations are free to refer to their 
specific MARID implementations by whatever marks they find acceptable.

-andy



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 21 15:12:39 2004
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In <E7C6F5DD-0BF1-11D9-BE1D-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> If there is a need to refer to a simple name covering this work in
> IETF documents, we recommend "MARID".

For what it is worth, everytime the subject of "MARID" comes up on
slashdot, someone points out that it means "sick" in some language
they use.


Maybe we should just use "SPF"?


-wayne



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In <E7C6F5DD-0BF1-11D9-BE1D-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> It is our opinion that all MARID documents should no longer reference
> the output of the MARID working group as "Sender ID" or any other
> similar mark.  We believe the risk to the ISOC and the IETF standards
> publishing process to be too great.

Huh.


I thought this trademark issue was resolved at IETF-60.  According to
Harry, the Microsoft lawyers investigated it and, unlike terms like
"windows", "word", and "access", they determined that "SenderID" was
generic and could not be trademarked.


See ca 17:25 in:
http://www.xmpp.org/ietf-logs/marid@ietf.xmpp.org/2004-08-04.html

More detailed explanations can be heard if you download the audio, but
I deleted my copy so I can't check.


-wayne



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Subject: Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF?
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@startechgroup.co.uk>
Cc: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>, MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-21 at 01:00, Matt Sergeant wrote:
> On Mon, 20 Sep 2004, Douglas Otis wrote:
> 
> > This is a repeat of an older debate. This would not be an improvement
> > over the current CSV draft.  SPF often requires a series of lookups to
> > resolve an address list.  This list is often not fully defined as it is
> > commonly intended to associate mailbox domains with a much larger set of
> > MTA addresses.  It also may allow the EHLO domain to use SPF/Sender-ID
> > records as a means to spoof, as these records are often open-ended.  The
> > host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate record
> > anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer within a single
> > lookup?
> 
> My argument for this idea is simply that we settled on the SPF format
> simply because single lookups (an "exists" lookup) were not flexible
> enough for people's full needs. I doubt CSV's single lookup will be
> either. Of course there is nowhere near as much adoption of CSV as there
> is of SPF so we can't possibly be certain of this yet.

You are right.  Much like a post-mark, the CSV records simply fix SMTP
EHLO authentication to lay a solid foundation upon which other
relationships can be asserted using additional records.  Importantly, an
authenticated MTA name is strong enough to provide reputation
assertions.  Building upon a validated list of MTA names allows a
relationship with some mailbox-domain and some vast mail channel to be
asserted using a simple name list.  There would be little motivation to
spoof the mailbox-domain/mail-channel (open) relationships, as this
identity would typically be unable to serve a gate-keeping function.  In
the few cases where it is used in this manner, the outbound mail-channel
must not be shared, and recipients must be alerted to not offer a
forwarded mail address.

By allowing the MTA to be validated, this identifies where the mail
originated, much like a post-mark.  Should you receive a letter from
Uncle Jon, but from a different city, you can write back and asked about
his trip.  If he says "What trip?" then the post-mark served a valuable
service.  If there was a crime, this electronic post-mark indicates
where to obtain logs to discover the true source of the message.  The
post-mark itself may be all that is needed should this be used by a
single organization.

At some point in the future, it is possible mail providers may request
customers to create CSV-CSA records to enable the use of customer's
domain within the EHLO name for messages being sent on their behalf. 
This assumes the CSV name reputation trumps any IP address black-list,
as it should.     

This additional record could be:
_marid.my-mailbox-domain.tld. PTR  my-isp.com.
_marid.my-mailbox-domain.tld. PTR  my-support.com.
_marid.my-mailbox-domain.tld. PTR  my-remote-office.com.
...

The scope of the assertions implied by this _marid record should be for
a single field, the RFC2822 From and nothing else in my view.  As I said
in another post, it could be for the REF2821 MAIL FROM or the PRA
selected field for that matter. 

The point is simple. By using a name list rather than an address list,
there is no need for highly risky and time consuming subsequent lookups
to just discover addresses.  A name is a much more concise means of
expressing this relationship which does not involve the same level of
maintenance and trouble.

The great thing about rehabilitating the EHLO name, is that this name is
provided early in every SMTP session.  The EHLO name is captured within
the message headers to allow tracing.  There is no need for submitter or
to invent new mail headers to discern where the message is originating
with the use of CSV applying the post-mark so to speak.                 


On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 18:50, Matthew Elvey wrote: 
> On 9/20/2004 5:21 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:
> >On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 16:33, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> >
> >> Here's the idea in a nutshell: CSV makes use of extant SPF records
> >> which already list tens of thousands of domains that are authorized
> >> for use in HELO.
> >>
> >> Who supports/opposes this change?   
> >
> > Ney.
> >
> > This is a repeat of an older debate. 
> 
> No, I'm making a different suggestion.  Please read the whole post!
> I'm eliminating some or all of the records that you mention having a 
> problem with below.
> 
> I should have stated one thing clearly: only +type components of
> records would be relevant; ~type and ?type would be ignored.

As I said, this will allow the use of other record types to spoof the
EHLO name.  The SPF type of record will normally be across an entire
array of providers and not for a single host.  One compromised system
within this vast region can then utilize one of these records to spoof
the EHLO name then.  If reputations are based upon the MTA name and not
the mailbox domain, then protecting the MTA name would be much more
important.  It MUST not be possible to mix these records out of this
concern.

> I registered your Nay on Jabber...

Thanks.

> > SPF often requires a series of lookups to resolve an address list.
> > This list is often not fully defined as it is commonly intended to
> > associate mailbox domains with a much larger set of MTA addresses.
> > It also may allow the EHLO domain to use SPF/Sender-ID records as a
> > means to spoof, as these records are often open-ended. 
> 
> No open-ended records would be allowed.  I don't think the fact that, 
> e.g. +0/0 is allowed is of much concern, as spammers have demonstrated 
> they can create MARID records for their own domains quite well; A&R are 
> required.
> 
> > The host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate
> > record anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer
> > within a single lookup?  
> 
> We should, as my post makes clear.  But there are reported to be what, 
> ~300,000 SPF records?  Why not use them to the extent that I suggest?

These records are for a different purpose, and expose a different set of
machines.  The EHLO record set must be kept narrow in order to serve the
purpose of establishing accountability.  The broad and weak nature of
the identities obtained using SPF/Sender-ID are not useful for this
purpose.  SPF/Sender-ID should be viewed as informative for but a few
exceptions.  

-Doug



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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 21 21:31:34 2004
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In <01D64F09-0B40-11D9-BE1D-000A95B3BA44@hxr.us> Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us> writes:

> Jabber room:  marid@ietf.xmpp.org
> Date:  Every other Monday starting April 19
> Time: 20:00 UTC

Sorry I came late to this one.  I did make it to the one two weeks
ago, but since it was labor day, no one else showed up.


Andy:

During the last Jabber session you made mention that only a very small
number of the mailing lists that you are on rewrite the
2821.MAILFROM.  I express surprise at this observation, since it does
not match my personal experience, nor the survey done on gmane.org.  I
also haven't seen any comments about this at all on the SPF-discuss
list.

If you could, I would greatly appreciate any info about these mailing
lists.


-wayne



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Doug, still hoping to hear back from you - on 9/14, I asked:

> Doug, did you get my email - of a possible broad, strong example 
> showing [SenderID] falling down. 

and

> If foo.dom's SPF/SenderID record lists just MX, and doesn't send spam, 
> how/why would a reputation service blacklist foo.dom?
> e.g .
> foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all" 


On 9/21/2004 11:57 AM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:

>
>The great thing about rehabilitating the EHLO name, is that this name is
>provided early in every SMTP session.  The EHLO name is captured within
>the message headers to allow tracing.  There is no need for submitter or
>to invent new mail headers to discern where the message is originating
>with the use of CSV applying the post-mark so to speak.                 
>  
>
Well put.

>
>On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 18:50, Matthew Elvey wrote: 
>  
>
>>On 9/20/2004 5:21 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:
>>    
>>
>>>On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 16:33, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>>>Here's the idea in a nutshell: CSV makes use of extant SPF records
>>>>which already list tens of thousands of domains that are authorized
>>>>for use in HELO.
>>>>
>>>>Who supports/opposes this change?   
>>>>        
>>>>
>>>Ney.
>>>
>>>This is a repeat of an older debate. 
>>>      
>>>
>>No, I'm making a different suggestion.  Please read the whole post!
>>I'm eliminating some or all of the records that you mention having a 
>>problem with below.
>>
>>I should have stated one thing clearly: only +type components of
>>records would be relevant; ~type and ?type would be ignored.
>>    
>>
>
>As I said, this will allow the use of other record types to spoof the
>EHLO name.  
>
I claim this is impossible.  Please provide an example of this (using a 
record of the kind that my proposal proposes using).

>The SPF type of record will normally be across an entire
>array of providers and not for a single host.  
>
I don't see how this is possible using a record of the kind that my 
proposal proposes using. 
+include:comcast.net is not allowed, for example! 
+ptr isn't allowed either (we don't want to allow the likes of 
dialup-pool.234.234.comcast.net...)

>One compromised system
>within this vast region can then utilize one of these records to spoof
>the EHLO name then.  If reputations are based upon the MTA name and not
>the mailbox domain, then protecting the MTA name would be much more
>important.  It MUST not be possible to mix these records out of this
>concern.
>  
>
I don't believe my proposal does this.  
<snippage>

>>    
>>
>>>The host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate
>>>record anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer
>>>within a single lookup?  
>>>      
>>>
>>We should, as my post makes clear.  But there are reported to be what, 
>>~300,000 SPF records?  Why not use them to the extent that I suggest?
>>    
>>
>
>These records are for a different purpose, and expose a different set of
>machines.  The EHLO record set must be kept narrow in order to serve the
>purpose of establishing accountability.  The broad and weak nature of
>the identities obtained using SPF/Sender-ID are not useful for this
>purpose.  SPF/Sender-ID should be viewed as informative for but a few
>exceptions.  
>
Let's nail down what exceptions are appropriate then! 
(Again, I'm NOT suggesting using the identities obtained using 
SPF/SenderID!)



Some refinements to my proposal based on stuff hashed out in private email:

99% of the time, an MX query will return the A records for all the 
servers listed in the MX record as add'l records, all in one UDP packet.
Let's say that's a requirement for our purposes, where there's a +MX in 
the SPF record.

"+a +mx -all" would
need 2 more DNS queries to resolve (unless a ALL query was done, which
is likely a bad idea). I think it's reasonable to accomodate a bit more
than 1 add'l DNS query.


Let's not worry about the <<1% of records where the DNS servers are known to return incomplete
lists of Address records
Let's say that's a requirement for our purposes that this not happen.

The fix in these cases would be make a 'proper' CSV record. 

Also, a pass relying on such records would carry slightly less weight than a pass based on a 
'proper' CSV record.  But let's keep the definition tight enough that the weight be only slightly less.

Again, the reason for my proposal is not to change or obsolete
CSV records, but to make CSV work in some reasonable cases where it
can work without them without being significantly detrimental. 




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 21 23:33:18 2004
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From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
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Subject: Re: regarding the trademark for "Sender ID"
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>I thought this trademark issue was resolved at IETF-60.  According to
>Harry, the Microsoft lawyers investigated it and, unlike terms like
>"windows", "word", and "access", they determined that "SenderID" was
>generic and could not be trademarked.

Since the USPTO shows two live registrations (from the same company)
for the term SENDERID, I can't say that I'm too reassured by that
legal analysis.  I can tell you from experience that if the USPTO
thinks a term is too generic, they won't accept a registration for it.

In the unlikely event that MARID recommends Microsoft's Sender-ID for
standardization in spite of its technical and patent problems, I agree
that it's no big deal at this stage to pick a different name.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 21 23:36:27 2004
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>I thought this trademark issue was resolved at IETF-60.  According to
>Harry, the Microsoft lawyers investigated it and, unlike terms like
>"windows", "word", and "access", they determined that "SenderID" was
>generic and could not be trademarked.

Since the USPTO shows two live registrations (from the same company)
for the term SENDERID, I can't say that I'm too reassured by that
legal analysis.  I can tell you from experience that if the USPTO
thinks a term is too generic, they won't accept a registration for it.

In the unlikely event that MARID recommends Microsoft's Sender-ID for
standardization in spite of its technical and patent problems, I agree
that it's no big deal at this stage to pick a different name.



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In <700EEF5641B7E247AC1C9B82C05D125D05540C@srv1.pan-am.ca> "Gordon Fecyk" <gordonf@pan-am.ca> writes:

> I know Meng and crew went nuts developing a stack of libraries to support SPF
> v1 (yes v1, the same thing that AOL's using to check incoming mail).  I'd
> like to know if someone's developed an event sink for Exchange 2000 or 2003
> yet among that stack.



See: http://www.michaelbrumm.com/smtpspffilter.html

Also:  http://www.pamho.net/source/


-wayne



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In <700EEF5641B7E247AC1C9B82C05D125D05540C@srv1.pan-am.ca> "Gordon Fecyk" <gordonf@pan-am.ca> writes:

> I know Meng and crew went nuts developing a stack of libraries to support SPF
> v1 (yes v1, the same thing that AOL's using to check incoming mail).  I'd
> like to know if someone's developed an event sink for Exchange 2000 or 2003
> yet among that stack.

See: http://www.pamho.net/source/



-wayne



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Subject: Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new revisions)
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
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On Tue, 2004-09-21 at 19:45, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> Doug, still hoping to hear back from you - on 9/14, I asked:
> 
> > Doug, did you get my email - of a possible broad, strong example 
> > showing [SenderID] falling down. 

In general, shared MTA environments and open lists are the basic
ingredients for having a reputation damaged by SPF/PRA schemes which
only bolster the mailbox domain which would be the likely selected
identity for reputation assessment.  This would be a bad situation.

> and
> 
> > If foo.dom's SPF/SenderID record lists just MX, and doesn't send spam, 
> > how/why would a reputation service blacklist foo.dom?
> > e.g .
> > foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all" 

In a simple environment exchanging messages end-to-end, the risks would
be low.  There are risks accepting these types of records when a process
walks through redirects, includes and arbitrary labels for several
record types.  This invites a birthday attack where foo.dom can be
planted as a poison record in the cache.  The many possible records that
may be involved in the potential SPF matrix offers a risk where the
minimum accepted is 10 scripts and the record count could be in the
hundreds.  

> On 9/21/2004 11:57 AM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:
>
> > The great thing about rehabilitating the EHLO name, is that this name is
> > provided early in every SMTP session.  The EHLO name is captured within
> > the message headers to allow tracing.  There is no need for submitter or
> > to invent new mail headers to discern where the message is originating
> > with the use of CSV applying the post-mark so to speak.                 
>   
> Well put.
> 
> > On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 18:50, Matthew Elvey wrote:  
> >> On 9/20/2004 5:21 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:
> >>> On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 16:33, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> >>>
> >>>> Here's the idea in a nutshell: CSV makes use of extant SPF records
> >>>> which already list tens of thousands of domains that are authorized
> >>>> for use in HELO.
> >>>>
> >>>> Who supports/opposes this change?   
> >>>>
> >>> Ney.
> >>>
> >>> This is a repeat of an older debate.      
> >>
> >> No, I'm making a different suggestion.  Please read the whole post!
> >> I'm eliminating some or all of the records that you mention having a 
> >> problem with below.
> >>
> >> I should have stated one thing clearly: only +type components of
> >> records would be relevant; ~type and ?type would be ignored.   
> >
> > As I said, this will allow the use of other record types to spoof the
> > EHLO name.  
>
> I claim this is impossible.  Please provide an example of this (using a 
> record of the kind that my proposal proposes using).

The label used to select the SPF record is normally based upon the
mailbox domain to select a full set of outbound MTAs.  The EHLO name can
be made to match any such mailbox domain provided one of the machines is
permitted in this SPF record set.  This would be bad.

Again, the intent of the SPF record is to grant a broad set of MTAs,
within many different domains, authority to send messages on behalf of
the mailbox domain.  The CSV record is limited to the single
administrative domain.  Only the domain that is actually administering
the domain should be included, actually just the machine hosting the
MTA.

> > The SPF type of record will normally be across an entire
> > array of providers and not for a single host.  
>
> I don't see how this is possible using a record of the kind that my 
> proposal proposes using. 
> +include:comcast.net is not allowed, for example! 
> +ptr isn't allowed either (we don't want to allow the likes of 
> dialup-pool.234.234.comcast.net...)

One, you want to use existing SPF records that were not intended to
provide the narrow selection of machines administered by the MTA
operators.  Two, there is no means to restrict this list after the fact.

> > One compromised system  within this vast region can then utilize one
> > of these records to spoof the EHLO name then.  If reputations are
> > based upon the MTA name and not the mailbox domain, then protecting
> > the MTA name would be much more important.  It MUST not be possible
> > to mix these records out of this concern.
>
> I don't believe my proposal does this.  
> <snippage>

Your approach was to prune the record set used just for the EHLO
domain.  That pruning can not differentiate between machines within a
delegated domain or machines within the administered domain. This would
be bad.

> >>> The host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate
> >>> record anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer
> >>> within a single lookup?       
> >>
> >> We should, as my post makes clear.  But there are reported to be what, 
> >> ~300,000 SPF records?  Why not use them to the extent that I suggest?
> >
> > These records are for a different purpose, and expose a different set of
> > machines.  The EHLO record set must be kept narrow in order to serve the
> > purpose of establishing accountability.  The broad and weak nature of
> > the identities obtained using SPF/Sender-ID are not useful for this
> > purpose.  SPF/Sender-ID should be viewed as informative for but a few
> > exceptions.  
>
> Let's nail down what exceptions are appropriate then! 
> (Again, I'm NOT suggesting using the identities obtained using 
> SPF/SenderID!)

The exceptions would be with respect to those domains that feel it is
okay to close their lists.  Small organizations, able to manage the
support issues and don't care when some mail goes missing or gets
rejected, may opt to endure these problems.  There may be a trade-off
dealing with aggressive phishing attacks causing worse problems.  If you
look at the marid-mpr draft, you will see I have a setting to assert
that the name list is the exclusive source of mail for the mailbox
domain.  I described this mode being suitable for exigent situations,
but would not expect this to be the typically use.  

> Some refinements to my proposal based on stuff hashed out in private email:
> 
> 99% of the time, an MX query will return the A records for all the 
> servers listed in the MX record as add'l records, all in one UDP packet.
> Let's say that's a requirement for our purposes, where there's a +MX in 
> the SPF record.
> 
> "+a +mx -all" would
> need 2 more DNS queries to resolve (unless a ALL query was done, which
> is likely a bad idea). I think it's reasonable to accomodate a bit more
> than 1 add'l DNS query.

For both network and security concerns, running a parser that walks
through these records is not reasonable.  The CSV record can be obtained
in a single binary query, and the MPR list also can be obtain within a
single query.  Neither of these operations require a parser to perform
this operation.  My concern would be dedicating a thread to run the
parser will likely constrain the port used to do the queries.  Having
this parser forced to lookup one arbitrary record after the next on any
number of DNS servers enables a fairly lazy attack to be successful.

I suppose this would be a way to get people to speed up deployment of
DNSSEC, but I would rather stay on the safe side of the use of DNS for
now.  I see little about these TXT script records in DNS as being safe. 
> Let's not worry about the <<1% of records where the DNS servers are
> known to return incomplete lists of Address records. Let's say that's
> a requirement for our purposes that this not happen.

Once the IETF has expended their considerable efforts to endorse a
method that is well considered and robust, I doubt there will be any
trouble with the adoption of the standard.  The problem of spam is that
great.  Domains like AOL, as example, return incomplete lists.  I doubt
you could say their lists are actually incomplete, they are simply open
to indicate mail from their customers my emerge from machines outside
their networks.     

> The fix in these cases would be make a 'proper' CSV record. 

As I indicated, there are serious problem using scripts to spew a huge
list of addresses.  This should change to being just a list of names
used to define the potential sources of mail.  Leave the address list to
be within the natural scale of DNS records, the single host as provided
by the SRV record for example.

> Also, a pass relying on such records would carry slightly less weight
> than a pass based on a 'proper' CSV record.  But let's keep the
> definition tight enough that the weight be only slightly less.

I still insist the SPF record should never be allowed to validate the
EHLO domain.  It is a different data set for a different purpose.  

> Again, the reason for my proposal is not to change or obsolete
> CSV records, but to make CSV work in some reasonable cases where it
> can work without them without being significantly detrimental. 

Sorry, but I fail to see the point in using a TXT record and a parser to
obtain a list of addresses through a dangerous and expensive set of
lookups, when it can be done in one lookup safely.  Also where it will
not accidentally allow other domains to spoof the EHLO identity.  This
exclusion is needed to establish accountability.  

-Doug




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From: "Hector Santos" <hsantos@santronics.com>
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Subject: Re: regarding the trademark for "Sender ID"
Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2004 07:08:08 -0400
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----- Original Message -----
From: "John Levine" <johnl@iecc.com>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Tuesday, September 21, 2004 11:09 PM
Subject: Re: regarding the trademark for "Sender ID"


>
> >I thought this trademark issue was resolved at IETF-60.  According to
> >Harry, the Microsoft lawyers investigated it and, unlike terms like
> >"windows", "word", and "access", they determined that "SenderID" was
> >generic and could not be trademarked.
>
> Since the USPTO shows two live registrations (from the same company)
> for the term SENDERID, I can't say that I'm too reassured by that
> legal analysis.  I can tell you from experience that if the USPTO
> thinks a term is too generic, they won't accept a registration for it.

The UK company has encapulated the IP protection by registering the terms:

SenderID
Trusted SenderID Message

both as a Server Mark and Trademark.

The distinction is important.   If there is any weight in the strength, it
would be the "Trusted Sender Message" Service Mark and Trademark.

As a trademark would be a like a product name or brand   As a service mark,
it is part of a 'system', like a protocol or API.

With "SenderID" itself,  they will have trouble enforcing.  The most obvious
would be as a trademark - too generic.  As a service mark,  they could claim
market confusion and if they can show lost of exclusive income, they might
be able to get a case heard, but it would be difficult to prove with this
just this specific word usage.

The prior art exist.  SenderID has been part of our API and channel
communications framework in our Wildcat! telecommunications and data
communications/hosting product since 1987.  Here is our C structure for it:

typedef struct tagTWildcatChannelMessage {
  DWORD Channel;
  DWORD SenderId;
  WORD UserData;
  WORD DataSize;
  BYTE Data[MAX_CHANNEL_MESSAGE_SIZE];
} TWildcatChannelMessage;

No doubt we have a proven case of long term prior usage for many years and
thus they would have difficult enforcing this service or trademark.  They
can't stop us from continuing the usage of this single term for our
telecommunication/data products.  Plain and simple.

Now as a Trademark, if we did something like "Wildcat! SenderID Protocol"
there could be a risk here for market confusion against the "Trusted
SenderID Message" Trademark, but not as a SenderID service mark.

For Marid,  using it in the overall MARID protocol could be open to a
challenge if MARID uses SenderID by itself in documentation/communications.
I doubt the owner could claim a lost, but down the road (years) once it has
been branded, they can claim market confusion and lost of potential
exclusive income.

Again, they have to be able to prove market confusion and lost of exclusive
income.

Here is a very possible situation in these days of age with the growth of
web mail ads and the new borderline unethnical email scanning systems such
as gmail.com:

The UK company has a potential customer who is inquirying about their
"Trusted SenderID Message" product offerings.   The user has a gmail.com
account and gmail.com scans the mail for keywords and frames the company's
sales response message back to the user with direct marketing advertisements
pointing to the various and/or fee-paying  exclusive competing methods such
a "Microsoft SenderID Protocol" whoi now has embedded the technology in
Microsoft's new Exchange Mail Server.  The user sees this new competing
information with interest and eventually foregoes the UK solution for
Microsoft solution.

Back hair will raise when the company does a sales followup and founds out
the user saw an ad about Microsoft's system and opted to go that way. The UK
company will have a big argument for tortious interference against gmail and
trademark infringement against Microsoft claiming market confusion and lost
of sales.   Probably lost the trademark suit, but will win the tort claim.
It has already happen with success and good reason.

> In the unlikely event that MARID recommends Microsoft's Sender-ID for
> standardization in spite of its technical and patent problems, I agree
> that it's no big deal at this stage to pick a different name.

This is what I did with Microsoft CallerID for our documentation and
implementation. For our product, we don't call it CallerID. It conflicts
with existing CallerID terminology in our product line.  So its called
MCEP - Microsoft Caller ID Protocol.


For MARID, if it wants to keep using SenderID,  it needs more words attaches
to it, like "Microsoft SenderID Protocol" or "MARID Sender Identification
Protocol" with a possible acronym MSP or MSIP.

Look people, the only way I will use MARID if at all, is with its CORE only.

In my strong opinion (I already stated this before), the MARID core should
be generic as possible which can service an security augmentaion to the SMTP
protocol.

This will give it the maximum consideration by everyone who might have
interest in one or more protocols, but more importation it allows MARID CORE
to be an "basic specification"  for future possible security protocols.

As it is right now, its locked in to a few selected solution and these
solutiion have problems in various forms. If they didn't, they would of been
adopted and implemented by now.

In case, the MARID-CORE can have generic terms such as:

SMTP MAIL SENDER  IDENTIFICATION PROTOCOLS

and then have its index or addendix reference the various methods currently
in place.

Again, this allows for future possible ideas to fit in the MARID solution,
thus be a "plug and play" concept for mail server vendors to implement and
offer to this customers.

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office














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References: <20040922030925.27295.qmail@xuxa.iecc.com>
Subject: Re: regarding the trademark for "Sender ID"
Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2004 07:08:08 -0400
Organization: Santronics Software, Inc.
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----- Original Message -----
From: "John Levine" <johnl@iecc.com>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Tuesday, September 21, 2004 11:09 PM
Subject: Re: regarding the trademark for "Sender ID"


>
> >I thought this trademark issue was resolved at IETF-60.  According to
> >Harry, the Microsoft lawyers investigated it and, unlike terms like
> >"windows", "word", and "access", they determined that "SenderID" was
> >generic and could not be trademarked.
>
> Since the USPTO shows two live registrations (from the same company)
> for the term SENDERID, I can't say that I'm too reassured by that
> legal analysis.  I can tell you from experience that if the USPTO
> thinks a term is too generic, they won't accept a registration for it.

The UK company has encapulated the IP protection by registering the terms:

SenderID
Trusted SenderID Message

both as a Server Mark and Trademark.

The distinction is important.   If there is any weight in the strength, it
would be the "Trusted Sender Message" Service Mark and Trademark.

As a trademark would be a like a product name or brand   As a service mark,
it is part of a 'system', like a protocol or API.

With "SenderID" itself,  they will have trouble enforcing.  The most obvious
would be as a trademark - too generic.  As a service mark,  they could claim
market confusion and if they can show lost of exclusive income, they might
be able to get a case heard, but it would be difficult to prove with this
just this specific word usage.

The prior art exist.  SenderID has been part of our API and channel
communications framework in our Wildcat! telecommunications and data
communications/hosting product since 1987.  Here is our C structure for it:

typedef struct tagTWildcatChannelMessage {
  DWORD Channel;
  DWORD SenderId;
  WORD UserData;
  WORD DataSize;
  BYTE Data[MAX_CHANNEL_MESSAGE_SIZE];
} TWildcatChannelMessage;

No doubt we have a proven case of long term prior usage for many years and
thus they would have difficult enforcing this service or trademark.  They
can't stop us from continuing the usage of this single term for our
telecommunication/data products.  Plain and simple.

Now as a Trademark, if we did something like "Wildcat! SenderID Protocol"
there could be a risk here for market confusion against the "Trusted
SenderID Message" Trademark, but not as a SenderID service mark.

For Marid,  using it in the overall MARID protocol could be open to a
challenge if MARID uses SenderID by itself in documentation/communications.
I doubt the owner could claim a lost, but down the road (years) once it has
been branded, they can claim market confusion and lost of potential
exclusive income.

Again, they have to be able to prove market confusion and lost of exclusive
income.

Here is a very possible situation in these days of age with the growth of
web mail ads and the new borderline unethnical email scanning systems such
as gmail.com:

The UK company has a potential customer who is inquirying about their
"Trusted SenderID Message" product offerings.   The user has a gmail.com
account and gmail.com scans the mail for keywords and frames the company's
sales response message back to the user with direct marketing advertisements
pointing to the various and/or fee-paying  exclusive competing methods such
a "Microsoft SenderID Protocol" whoi now has embedded the technology in
Microsoft's new Exchange Mail Server.  The user sees this new competing
information with interest and eventually foregoes the UK solution for
Microsoft solution.

Back hair will raise when the company does a sales followup and founds out
the user saw an ad about Microsoft's system and opted to go that way. The UK
company will have a big argument for tortious interference against gmail and
trademark infringement against Microsoft claiming market confusion and lost
of sales.   Probably lost the trademark suit, but will win the tort claim.
It has already happen with success and good reason.

> In the unlikely event that MARID recommends Microsoft's Sender-ID for
> standardization in spite of its technical and patent problems, I agree
> that it's no big deal at this stage to pick a different name.

This is what I did with Microsoft CallerID for our documentation and
implementation. For our product, we don't call it CallerID. It conflicts
with existing CallerID terminology in our product line.  So its called
MCEP - Microsoft Caller ID Protocol.


For MARID, if it wants to keep using SenderID,  it needs more words attaches
to it, like "Microsoft SenderID Protocol" or "MARID Sender Identification
Protocol" with a possible acronym MSP or MSIP.

Look people, the only way I will use MARID if at all, is with its CORE only.

In my strong opinion (I already stated this before), the MARID core should
be generic as possible which can service an security augmentaion to the SMTP
protocol.

This will give it the maximum consideration by everyone who might have
interest in one or more protocols, but more importation it allows MARID CORE
to be an "basic specification"  for future possible security protocols.

As it is right now, its locked in to a few selected solution and these
solutiion have problems in various forms. If they didn't, they would of been
adopted and implemented by now.

In case, the MARID-CORE can have generic terms such as:

SMTP MAIL SENDER  IDENTIFICATION PROTOCOLS

and then have its index or addendix reference the various methods currently
in place.

Again, this allows for future possible ideas to fit in the MARID solution,
thus be a "plug and play" concept for mail server vendors to implement and
offer to this customers.

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office














From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 13:09:25 2004
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Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2004 09:31:26 -0700
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
From: Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com>
Subject: MARID to close
Cc: andy@hxr.us, mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us,
        Scott Hollenbeck <sah@428cobrajet.net>
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After an assessment of the current state of the MARID working group, 
its charter, and its milestones, the working group chairs and Area 
Advisor have concluded that the MARID working group should be 
terminated.

The group was originally chartered with a very tight time frame, with 
the expectation that a focused group of engineers would be able to 
produce in relatively short order a standard in the area of 
DNS-stored policies related to and accessible by MTAs.  The group has 
had no lack of energy.  From the outset, however, the working group 
participants have had fundamental disagreements on the nature of the 
record to be provided and the mechanism by which it would be checked. 
Technical discussion of the merits of these mechanisms has not swayed 
their proponents, and what data is available on existing deployments 
has not made one choice obviously superior. Each represents 
trade-offs, and the working group has not succeeded in establishing 
which trade-offs are the most appropriate for this purpose.  These 
assessments have been difficult in part because they have been moved 
out of the realm of pure engineering by the need to evaluate IPR and 
licensing related to at least one proposal in the light of a variety 
of licenses associated with the deployed base of MTAs. 

Efforts to reach consensus by compromise and by inclusion have been 
attempted on multiple occasions.  Despite early hopes of success 
after each such attempt, post-facto recycling of technical issues 
which these efforts should have closed has shown that the group 
remains divided on very basic issues.  The working group chairs and 
Area Advisor are agreed that the working group has no immediate 
prospect of achieving its primary milestone:

Aug 04   Submit working group document on MTA Authorization Record in DNS to PS


Rather than spin in place, the working group chairs and Area Advisor 
believe that the
best way forward is experimentation with multiple proposals and a 
subsequent review of deployment experience.  The working group chairs 
and Area Advisor intend to ask that the editors of existing working 
group drafts put forward their documents as non-working group 
submissions for Experimental RFC status. Given the importance of the 
world-wide email and DNS systems, it is critical that IETF-sponsored 
experimental proposals likely to see broad deployment contain no 
mechanisms that would have deleterious effects on the overall system. 
The Area Directors intend, therefore, to request that the 
experimental proposals be reviewed by a focused technology 
directorate. This review group has not yet been formed but, as with 
all directorates, its membership will be publicly listed at 
http://www.ietf.org/u/ietfchair/directorates.html once it has been 
constituted. 

Concluding a group without it having achieved its goals is never a 
pleasant prospect, and it is always tempting to believe that just a 
small amount of additional time and energy will cause consensus to 
emerge.  After careful consideration, however, the working group 
chairs and area advisor have concluded that such energy would be 
better spent on gathering deployment experience.

				regards,
					Ted Hardie
					co-Area Director, Applications



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 14:43:35 2004
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In <p06110403bd7757e7032a@[129.46.227.161]> Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com> writes:

> After an assessment of the current state of the MARID working group,
> its charter, and its milestones, the working group chairs and Area
> Advisor have concluded that the MARID working group should be
> terminated.

*heavy sigh*

I think this is a mistake.


I agree that this is currently no consensus, but I do not think that a
rough consensus is out of reach.

I think there are several things that could be done to bring
consensus.


First off, IPR issues can not be ignored.  This was a recognized
problem since before the interim meeting and was discussed at that
meeting.  The failure of the AD and co-chairs to make sure that these
problems were resolved many months ago is an astounding failure.  I
personally feel that Ted Hardie (AD) is very much responsible for this
failure as Ted actively tried to sweep this problem under the rug
instead of solve it.


Secondly, the co-chairs/AD allowed this working group to try and
create a standard, instead of standardizing existing practices.  It is
far easier to reach a rough consensus on what people *ARE* doing that
what people *SHOULD BE* doing.  Even if you don't like what people are
doing, it is very useful to give clear descriptions of what is being
done.


Thirdly, the co-chairs/AD only allowed one proposal to advance.  They
put all the eggs in one basket and now that basket is smashed.  This
has caused people to fight against each other in order to get that one
spot for advancement.  For the 2822.From: identity, only the patent
encumbered PRA was considered, greatly increasing the problems of
licensing.  For the 2821.HELO identity, it was CSV only, instead of
both CSV and SPF-classic's HELO checking.  For the 2821.MAILFROM
identity, *nothing* was advanced, even though it is what a majority of
the input documents dealt with and what a vast majority of the
deployed code uses.



>                                The working group chairs and Area
> Advisor are agreed that the working group has no immediate prospect of
> achieving its primary milestone:
>
> Aug 04   Submit working group document on MTA Authorization Record in DNS to PS

Actually, the marid-protocol I-D seems to have a rough consensus to
me.  This *is* an MTA Authorization Record in DNS.  


> Rather than spin in place, the working group chairs and Area Advisor
> believe that the best way forward is experimentation with multiple
> proposals and a subsequent review of deployment experience.

This is what should have been done all along.


> Concluding a group without it having achieved its goals is never a
> pleasant prospect, and it is always tempting to believe that just a
> small amount of additional time and energy will cause consensus to
> emerge.  After careful consideration, however, the working group
> chairs and area advisor have concluded that such energy would be
> better spent on gathering deployment experience.

I do not believe that just a small amount of additional time and
energy will lead to consensus.  I do believe that a change of tactics
by the co-chars and AD would.  I believe that this has been obvious
since the first month or two of this working group.


-wayne



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I'd like to request that this mail list not be closed together with WG so
that we could continue to discuss dns / email authorization technologies 
here and get input into possible experimental drafts that some may want 
to publish that address the area that this WG was supposed to work on.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



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On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 11:11:28AM -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> 
> 
> I'd like to request that this mail list not be closed together with WG so
> that we could continue to discuss dns / email authorization technologies 
> here and get input into possible experimental drafts that some may want 
> to publish that address the area that this WG was supposed to work
> on.


I second this proposal and like to request to keep the archives
open as well.

I'd also like to discuss the non-technical part (e.g. patent issues, 
laws, the OECD recommendations, etc., everything which is related to 
email authorization).

If this list won't stay open or is the wrong place to go on with that 
kind of discussion, I can offer to open an mailing list for that.

regards
Hadmut






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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
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To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: MARID to close
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On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 01:10:25PM -0500, wayne wrote:
> 
> The failure of the AD and co-chairs to make sure that these
> problems were resolved many months ago is an astounding failure. 


I agree. They did their very best to ignore the major 
problems and to aggressively make everyone quiet who tried
to mention the problems. 


regards
Hadmut




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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: MARID to close
Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2004 15:00:38 -0400
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On Sep 22, 2004, at 2:11 PM, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> I'd like to request that this mail list not be closed together with WG 
> so
> that we could continue to discuss dns / email authorization 
> technologies
> here and get input into possible experimental drafts that some may want
> to publish that address the area that this WG was supposed to work on.

I think this is an excellent idea.

-andy



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 16:19:56 2004
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Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2004 15:55:22 -0400
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Organization: SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
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I just wanted to thank Andy Newton, Marshall Rose and Ted Hardie for 
doing a lot of hard work and for putting up with all of us. While it is 
unfortunate that we could not produce something tangible, it has been a 
fun ride.

Yakov



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 16:22:45 2004
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Subject: WG Action: Conclusion of MTA Authorization Records in DNS (marid)
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The MTA Authorization Records in DNS (MARID) working group in the
Applications Area has concluded. 

The IESG contact persons are Ted Hardie and Scott Hollenbeck. 

The mailing list will remain active.

After an assessment of the current state of the MARID working group,
its charter, and its milestones, the working group chairs and Area
Advisor concluded that the MARID working group should be terminated.

The group was originally chartered with a very tight time frame, with
the expectation that a focused group of engineers would be able to
produce in relatively short order a standard in the area of
DNS-stored policies related to and accessible by MTAs. The group has
had no lack of energy. From the outset, however, the working group
participants have had fundamental disagreements on the nature of the
record to be provided and the mechanism by which it would be checked.
Technical discussion of the merits of these mechanisms has not swayed
their proponents, and what data is available on existing deployments
has not made one choice obviously superior. Each represents
trade-offs, and the working group has not succeeded in establishing
which trade-offs are the most appropriate for this purpose. These
assessments have been difficult in part because they have been moved
out of the realm of pure engineering by the need to evaluate IPR and
licensing related to at least one proposal in the light of a variety
of licenses associated with the deployed base of MTAs.

Efforts to reach consensus by compromise and by inclusion have been
attempted on multiple occasions. Despite early hopes of success
after each such attempt, post-facto recycling of technical issues
which these efforts should have closed has shown that the group
remains divided on very basic issues. The working group chairs and
Area Advisor are agreed that the working group has no immediate
prospect of achieving its primary milestone:

Aug 04 Submit working group document on MTA Authorization Record in DNS to PS


Rather than spin in place, the working group chairs and Area Advisor believe
that the best way forward is experimentation with multiple proposals
and a subsequent review of deployment experience. The working group
chairs and Area Advisor intend to ask that the editors of existing
working group drafts put forward their documents as non-working group
submissions for Experimental RFC status. Given the importance of the
world-wide email and DNS systems, it is critical that IETF-sponsored
experimental proposals likely to see broad deployment contain no
mechanisms that would have deleterious effects on the overall system.
The Area Directors intend, therefore, to request that the
experimental proposals be reviewed by a focused technology
directorate. This review group has not yet been formed but, as with
all directorates, its membership will be publicly listed at
http://www.ietf.org/u/ietfchair/directorates.html once it has been
constituted.

Concluding a group without it having achieved its goals is never a
pleasant prospect, and it is always tempting to believe that just a
small amount of additional time and energy will cause consensus to
emerge. After careful consideration, however, the working group
chairs and area advisor have concluded that such energy would be
better spent on gathering deployment experience.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 16:55:38 2004
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From: Greg Connor <gconnor@nekodojo.org>
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I was ready to send this last night, but I sat on it to give myself time to 
review and see if it's really what I want to say.  Now, following the 
announcement that the WG is to be closed, it's perhaps even more appropriate. 
I certainly don't want to start a flame war over who is at fault... I realize 
that the WG had lots more problems than just the IPR issue.  But the IPR issue 
is an important one and I want to go on record with my thoughts, in case it 
benefits future working groups faced with "encumbered" options.


I previously wrote to the group saying something like "I would rather have 
MS on board than not.  While I don't like the "contribution" being 
encumbered, I also see some advantage to having MS as a partner."

I would like to revise my statement.  After reviewing the MS patent 
applications, I found to my disappointment that it covers a lot more stuff, 
even stuff that MS clearly did not "invent".  If this patent pending 
becomes a real patent, I would need a license from MS to implement Sender 
ID, SPF, DMP, RMX, and probably even DomainKeys.

To MS I say: shame on you, for trying to take credit for other people's ideas.  
Shame on you for taking a "microinvention" such as PRA and trying to use that
to take over all email sender verification world-wide.  Shame on you for
misrepresenting the license as compatible with open source until the very last
minute.  Shame on you, Harry and Jim, for your name is on that patent
application which claims credit for the inventions of others.  If you are
really serious about getting people to use PRA or any other part of Caller ID,
place it completely in the public domain, or at least go out of your way to
make sure the license is acceptable to all, especially open source developers
and distributors.  If you are really serious about wanting to participate in a
working group, go back to your corporate masters and explain to them that
everyone else in the group will be contributing unencumbered ideas for
everyone's mutual benefit, and MS will be the only one at the table looking to
increase its own portfolio.

To the rest of the WG I say: we have been fooled once by the likes of MS; 
let's not let it happen again.  We should be *very* wary of any "idea" that 
comes to us encumbered.  If someone really wants to contribute their ideas, 
let them contribute them completely to the public domain, or let the burden 
of proof of acceptable license be upon them before their "invention" is 
given any discussion time, let alone selected for inclusion in a proposed 
standard.  We should be wary of any license that is not exposed and 
reviewed, and we should be wary of any IPR claims that refer to unpublished 
patent applications or other secret documents.  We should go out of our way 
to favor free solutions, and only consider encumbered solutions when there 
is an obvious benefit not available in the free version.  And we should 
alert other working groups to the dangers of encumbered property.  Some of us 
may find our way into other working groups and I hope we will keep IPR in mind 
if we do.

For myself, I will continue to work on this problem and be a part of this
group.  My focus will be on making sure that an unencumbered solution is
available, such as SPF with varying scope and other alternatives.  I have
always been a strong supporter of SPF and I will continue to work on trying to
make it (or something like it) available as an RFC (or at least as an
experimental RR if we can't get anything to the RFC stage).

Also, if I have any influence in the matter, I will try to make sure PRA or 
anything poisoned by MS *doesn't* make it to PS stage, though this is a 
lower priority; I'm sure the public is capable of voting with their feet if 
an unencumbered track is available.  And who knows?  Maybe our wishes will 
come true, their patent app will be denied, and nothing will really be 
encumbered anyway.  In that case MS will be thwarted in the larger crime of 
stealing everyone else's work, and will only be guilty of the lesser 
misdemeanor of wasting huge amounts of our time with legal discussions when 
we could have been talking about technical, tactical, and strategic issues.

I would also like to thank everyone who contributed time and energy, ideas 
and inspiration, collaboration and compromise, and other manner of blood, 
sweat and tears, and did so without any thought to protecting their 
"rights" to certain dubious "property".  I guess it's true that you never 
really find out the value of something until you find it conspicuously 
missing.  

We have a good group of people and I hope this list is allowed to 
stay open -- if not (or if you choose not to stay on the list for your own 
reasons) please consider spf-discuss as an alternative forum.  

--
Greg Connor
gconnor@nekodojo.org

Everyone says that having power is a great responsibility.  This is a lot
of bunk.  Responsibility is when someone can blame you if something goes
wrong.  When you have power you are surrounded by people whose job it is
to take the blame for your mistakes.  If they're smart, that is. 
                -- Cerebus, "On Governing"





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wayne wrote:

> I believe that this has been obvious since the first 
> month or two of this working group.

I agree with everything you say.  What was the idea here,
waiting until somebody patented ideas stolen from the 
IETF, and then close the corresponding WG ?

                         Bye, Frank




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References: <p06110403bd7757e7032a@[129.46.227.161]> <x4brfyrx7y.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com> <20040922184455.GA31257@danisch.de>
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Cc: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
From: Mark Baugher <mbaugher@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: MARID to close
Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2004 13:23:26 -0700
To: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
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I am sorry to read stuff like this and feel that the chairs did a 
pretty good job and so did the IETF despite this particular 
disappointment.

Mark
On Sep 22, 2004, at 11:44 AM, Hadmut Danisch wrote:

>
> On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 01:10:25PM -0500, wayne wrote:
>>
>> The failure of the AD and co-chairs to make sure that these
>> problems were resolved many months ago is an astounding failure.
>
>
> I agree. They did their very best to ignore the major
> problems and to aggressively make everyone quiet who tried
> to mention the problems.
>
>
> regards
> Hadmut
>
>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 17:16:42 2004
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Subject: RE: MARID to close
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If certain people had been a little more "PRO GROUP" and a little less "PRO WHATEVER MS WANTS TO
PUSH" then I would agree with you.

But the facts are the facts:
-the suppression of anyone talking about the IP concerns
-the suppression of the original mail-from SPF functionality
-accepting the repeated disclosure delays from Microsoft
-giving the OK to the MS license which is clearly incompatible with a significant portion of MTA's
-the suppression of alternative parallel scopes (until forced at the very end)

Therefore I cannot agree with you.  It stank from day 1, and this effort of MS to steal the IP of
SPF and related methods illustrates an ulterior motive from the start.  The good news is I don't
think it will work, providing the patent claims are fought off with prior art disclosure, and the
fact that MS does NOT represent the majority of MTA's anyway.

Lets proceed with SPF Classic and/or Unified SPF.

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Mark Baugher
> Sent: Wednesday, September 22, 2004 4:23 PM
> To: Hadmut Danisch
> Cc: IETF MARID WG
> Subject: Re: MARID to close
>
>
>
> I am sorry to read stuff like this and feel that the chairs did a
> pretty good job and so did the IETF despite this particular
> disappointment.
>
> Mark
> On Sep 22, 2004, at 11:44 AM, Hadmut Danisch wrote:
>
> >
> > On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 01:10:25PM -0500, wayne wrote:
> >>
> >> The failure of the AD and co-chairs to make sure that these
> >> problems were resolved many months ago is an astounding failure.
> >
> >
> > I agree. They did their very best to ignore the major
> > problems and to aggressively make everyone quiet who tried
> > to mention the problems.
> >
> >
> > regards
> > Hadmut
> >
> >
>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 17:27:41 2004
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Subject: Re: MARID to close
References: <p06110403bd7757e7032a@[129.46.227.161]> <Pine.LNX.4.44.0409221106100.9908-100000@sokol.elan.net> <20040922182419.GA30381@danisch.de>
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Hadmut Danisch wrote:
> On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 11:11:28AM -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
>>
>>I'd like to request that this mail list not be closed together with WG so
>>that we could continue to discuss dns / email authorization technologies 
>>here and get input into possible experimental drafts that some may want 
>>to publish that address the area that this WG was supposed to work
>>on.
> 
> I second this proposal and like to request to keep the archives
> open as well.
> 

I would like to see the archives remain available for educational and 
reference purposes. I would consel the chairs to close the email list. 
It has served its purpose.  The WG is disbanded.  I see no value in 
continuing the list.  Given the tone the list has assumed, I had and 
have no further interest in reading posts.


Bryce Ryan



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Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2004 14:21:50 -0700
From: "Markley, Mike" <Mike.Markley@bankofamerica.com>
Subject: RE: MARID to close
To: Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Cc: andy@hxr.us, mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us,
        Scott Hollenbeck <sah@428cobrajet.net>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org 
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Ted Hardie
> Sent: Wednesday, September 22, 2004 9:31 AM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Cc: andy@hxr.us; mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us; Scott Hollenbeck
> Subject: MARID to close
> 
> Rather than spin in place, the working group chairs and Area Advisor 
> believe that the
> best way forward is experimentation with multiple proposals and a 
> subsequent review of deployment experience.  The working group chairs 
> and Area Advisor intend to ask that the editors of existing working 
> group drafts put forward their documents as non-working group 
> submissions for Experimental RFC status. Given the importance of the 
> world-wide email and DNS systems, it is critical that IETF-sponsored 
> experimental proposals likely to see broad deployment contain no 
> mechanisms that would have deleterious effects on the overall system. 
> The Area Directors intend, therefore, to request that the 
> experimental proposals be reviewed by a focused technology 
> directorate. This review group has not yet been formed but, as with 
> all directorates, its membership will be publicly listed at 
> http://www.ietf.org/u/ietfchair/directorates.html once it has been 
> constituted. 

Should this be construed to mean that there's still the hope and
intention to someday producing a standards-track RFC for IP-based sender
authentication? Despite the misgivings of those who think that IP-based
schemes are pointless in the face of other efforts at cryptographic
solutions, there are obviously many who think they're useful enough, and
a "real" standard would be a great thing.

-- 
Mike Markley <Mike.Markley@BankofAmerica.com> 
UNIX Email Admin, Electronic Communications



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First off I'd like to thank the co-chairs and AA for taking on a
difficult task under difficult circumstances. Regardless of how things
have played out it bothers me that some would accuse them of
ill-intent or not doing a good job. While I don't agree with all the
calls they made I'm not going to second guess those calls.

I am disappointed that everyone is being turned loose to go their own
way and experiment. This sort of approach is likely to increase email
deliverability problems without addressing the issues that resulted in
the formation of the working group. This is too important to let folks
"duke it out" and whatever is left is the standard.

Given the current circumstances I would be interested in how
participants of the list would answer the 30 questions listed in the
FTC/NIST Email Authentication Summit announcement. I'm still digesting
the questions but do plan on writing down answers (not necessarily for
submission to the FTC) and may post them to the list.

If anyone else from the list is planning on attending the Summit (Nov
9/10 in Washington, D.C.) I wouldn't mind trying to get together a
group of MARID list folks for dinner/discussion the evening of
November 9th. Nothing formal and not sure what would come out of it.

Mike



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On Wed, 2004-09-22 at 16:29, Greg Connor wrote:

  Overall, very well stated.

[snip]

  However:

> To the rest of the WG I say: we have been fooled once by the likes of MS; 
> let's not let it happen again. 

  This makes it sound like that it took this event to teach people.  I
pretty much refrained from any so-called Microsoft-bashing on this
list.  But over and over and over again, I find that people who claim
that we should give the company the benefit of the doubt, forget one
very important point: there is no doubt.  Microsoft's goals in regards
to patents, the GPL, and FOSS in general are a matter of public record. 
The company was only living up to what their executives have said in the
press.  This WG chose to ignore that, instead prohibiting any discussion
of so-called "hidden" agenda.  It wasn't hidden at all.
  I am also disappointed at the putting off of the extremely important
non-technical IPR issue until it was too late.  The members of IETF,
wanting to be faithful to the 'E' in the name, naturally want to
concentrate on engineering issues at least primarily, but even ONLY
engineering, if that's possible.  I would like to suggest that if that
is the desire, it is an impossibility.  You cannot compartmentalize your
work that way.  Especially in today's world.
  I would like to admonish everyone here that if we are going to involve
Microsoft AT ALL in any future MTA authorization efforts to remain
extremely wary.  The company has shown its colors.  Richard Stallman was
right and frankly, at least in this particular instance, should not have
been silenced.  EXPECT it to happen again and do not accept anything
less that full disclosure of ALL IPR.  And show an unwaivering
preference for unencumbered technologies.  Don't wait until all
technical matters are worked out.  I'm not saying 'to hell with
procedure'.  I'm just cautioning against letting anyone waste a colossal
amount of our time again.

-- 
-Paul Iadonisi
 Senior System Administrator
 Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist
 Ever see a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
 GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets



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Subject: Re: MARID to close
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mxcomp@brycer.com wrote:
> 
> Hadmut Danisch wrote:
> 
>> On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 11:11:28AM -0700, william(at)elan.net wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> I'd like to request that this mail list not be closed together with 
>>> WG so
>>> that we could continue to discuss dns / email authorization 
>>> technologies here and get input into possible experimental drafts 
>>> that some may want to publish that address the area that this WG was 
>>> supposed to work
>>> on.
>>
>>
>> I second this proposal and like to request to keep the archives
>> open as well.
>>
> 
> I would like to see the archives remain available for educational and 
> reference purposes. I would consel the chairs to close the email list. 
> It has served its purpose.  The WG is disbanded.  I see no value in 
> continuing the list.  Given the tone the list has assumed, I had and 
> have no further interest in reading posts.
> 

There are multiple mailing lists operated on IMC.ORG that are related to 
the IETF and Internet email, while not being "official" lists of the 
IETF but serving as WG lists at some points. This may continue as one of 
them. Archives are of course always available at the IETF and Gmane.org.

Yakov



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 18:48:21 2004
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To: "Markley, Mike" <Mike.Markley@bankofamerica.com>
cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: RE: MARID to close
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On Wed, 22 Sep 2004, Markley, Mike wrote:

> Should this be construed to mean that there's still the hope and
> intention to someday producing a standards-track RFC for IP-based sender
> authentication? Despite the misgivings of those who think that IP-based
> schemes are pointless in the face of other efforts at cryptographic
> solutions, there are obviously many who think they're useful enough, and
> a "real" standard would be a great thing.

I think the answer given by IETF is that there can not be found at this
time one solution that would reach consensus of all participants and 
that they will accept several solutions for EXPERIMENTAL track RFCs
and after certain time and would like to see these solutions being
deployed and compare the results. I would expect after one or two
years one or more of these solutions that shows good results in
its deployment maybe reconsidered for STANDARD track.

IETF also specifically said that only solutions that are compatible
with technical specs of existing RFCs would be considered even for 
experimental RFCs (directorate to be formed to decide if proposal
moves forward or not).

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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From: wayne <wayne@midwestcs.com>
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In <4151D8AA.3010608@solidmatrix.com> Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> I just wanted to thank [...]


I decided not to send my first reply to the "MARID to close" thread,
it was far too caustic.  It did, however, contain the following
thanks:


I would like to thank Andy Newton for his work as co-chair.  He has
worked very hard to try to keep things on target.  Andy did actual
research into the effectiveness of the PRA and SPF, something that a
chair is not required to do.

I would also like the many participants here who dug up actual data
and facts, the basis of which all engineering is done.  Yakov
Shafranovich and Margret Olson immediately jump to mind, but I know
I'm missing some people.  I would like to thank Meng, Mark and Eric
for their work on the drafts.



-wayne




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Yep, I'm disappointed too. 

>   I am also disappointed at the putting off of the extremely 
> important non-technical IPR issue until it was too late.  The 
> members of IETF, wanting to be faithful to the 'E' in the 
> name, naturally want to concentrate on engineering issues at 
> least primarily, but even ONLY engineering, if that's 
> possible.  I would like to suggest that if that is the 
> desire, it is an impossibility.  You cannot compartmentalize 
> your work that way.  Especially in today's world.

That I think is the primary lesson. IETF is not structured to
deal with non-engineering issues. But it had no choice. I hope
these sort of issues are being looked at in the IETF review. 

I also have some suggestions with overall technical approach, but
as they are out of scope for MARID, and for fear of having my
ideas patented by others to the exclusion of open solutions, I'll
look for another forum to raise those.


Ian Peter
Senior Partner
Ian Peter and Associates Pty Ltd
P.O. Box 10670 Adelaide St
Brisbane 4000 Australia
Tel (617) 3870 1181
Mobile (614) 1966 7772
www.ianpeter.com
www.nethistory.info
www.internetmark2.org (Internet Analysis Report - 2004 now
available)
www.theinternettapes.com (check out the new Internet history
Audio CD and Ebook at this site)

 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org 
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org] On Behalf Of Paul
Iadonisi
> Sent: Thursday, 23 September 2004 7:37 AM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Re: Disappointed
> 
> 
> On Wed, 2004-09-22 at 16:29, Greg Connor wrote:
> 
>   Overall, very well stated.
> 
> [snip]
> 
>   However:
> 
> > To the rest of the WG I say: we have been fooled once by 
> the likes of 
> > MS; let's not let it happen again.
> 
>   This makes it sound like that it took this event to teach 
> people.  I pretty much refrained from any so-called 
> Microsoft-bashing on this list.  But over and over and over 
> again, I find that people who claim that we should give the 
> company the benefit of the doubt, forget one very important 
> point: there is no doubt.  Microsoft's goals in regards to 
> patents, the GPL, and FOSS in general are a matter of public
record. 
> The company was only living up to what their executives have 
> said in the press.  This WG chose to ignore that, instead 
> prohibiting any discussion of so-called "hidden" agenda.  It 
> wasn't hidden at all.
>   I am also disappointed at the putting off of the extremely 
> important non-technical IPR issue until it was too late.  The 
> members of IETF, wanting to be faithful to the 'E' in the 
> name, naturally want to concentrate on engineering issues at 
> least primarily, but even ONLY engineering, if that's 
> possible.  I would like to suggest that if that is the 
> desire, it is an impossibility.  You cannot compartmentalize 
> your work that way.  Especially in today's world.
>   I would like to admonish everyone here that if we are going 
> to involve Microsoft AT ALL in any future MTA authorization 
> efforts to remain extremely wary.  The company has shown its 
> colors.  Richard Stallman was right and frankly, at least in 
> this particular instance, should not have been silenced.  
> EXPECT it to happen again and do not accept anything less 
> that full disclosure of ALL IPR.  And show an unwaivering 
> preference for unencumbered technologies.  Don't wait until 
> all technical matters are worked out.  I'm not saying 'to 
> hell with procedure'.  I'm just cautioning against letting 
> anyone waste a colossal amount of our time again.
> 
> --
> -Paul Iadonisi
>  Senior System Administrator
>  Red Hat Certified Engineer / Local Linux Lobbyist  Ever see 
> a penguin fly?  --  Try Linux.
>  GPL all the way: Sell services, don't lease secrets
> 
> 




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Ted Hardie wrote:

> After an assessment of the current state of the MARID working group,
> its charter, and its milestones, the working group chairs and Area
> Advisor have concluded that the MARID working group should be
> terminated.

I respect the decision of the chairs, and their reasons for reaching it.

Having said so, I am still saddened by that decision, though. No issue, like
IPR, has ever gone away by ignoring it; nor has any problem ever been solved
by simply closing the case.

I believe the "raison d'etre" for MARID remains unchanged: we still need MTA
Authorization Records in DNS. What will happen now, is that we will have to
regroup, and come together somewhere else, and still be faced with the exact
same questions. In that light, closing MARID feels like an unwelcome detour.

I also wish to express my deep concern over core Internet technology being
patented and elevated to standard. I believe the IETF should never even
consider standardizing such patented technology. As a body of great
authority, I feel the IETF has a responsibility to the Internet community at
large. And I assert here my strong belief that standardizing, or seeking to
get standardized, patent-encumbered, core Internet technology, runs counter
to facilitating "the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth
operation of the Internet". Especially the latter: "encumbered" and "smooth"
simply do not go together.

Nonetheless, I wish to thank the chairs for sticking with, what must
undoubtedly have been, a frustrating process.

- Mark

        System Administrator Asarian-host.org

---
"If you were supposed to understand it,
we wouldn't call it code." - FedEx



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Subject: Re: Disappointed
Message-ID: <20040922224635.GA10162@danisch.de>
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0409221313530.10622-100000@neko-base.nekodojo.org> <1095889038.17005.21.camel@va.local.linuxlobbyist.org>
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On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 05:37:18PM -0400, Paul Iadonisi wrote:
> 
> This WG chose to ignore that, instead prohibiting any discussion
> of so-called "hidden" agenda.  It wasn't hidden at all.


It was quite interesting to see that on one hand the 
chairs were strictly claiming that this WG was free of any commercial 
interests and that everyone would be speaking privately on his 
own only, and threatening everyone to be kicked out who dared to 
question this, while this WG was slowly slaughtered by exactly those
commercial interests they disclaimed all the time.


The WG was not really going anywhere forward in a technical sense. 
Instead it - and especially it's chairs - were completely busy with 
not seeing how this working group was failing and destructed. 

I really do not understand what intention someone can have to 
chair a group this way. 

This is the more questionable after the problems with the first
ASRG chair. Everybody stresses that e-mail and spam protection is 
so important. But then it is just left to be triturated between 
commercial interests. 

I've been working on that subject in IRTF/IETF since the very 
first day of ASRG. Since then I've seen virtually everything but 
research and engineering (or only very little of it).

I am under the impression that the anti-spam related working groups
were driven by marketing, public relations, patent claims, business,
people putting themselves in the newspapers and in front of
microphones and cameras, politics and propaganda.

If the IETF will not be able to prevent this in future, it should 
consider renaming itself into ICTF (C=commercialization).


regards
Hadmut







From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 19:20:44 2004
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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
Date: Thu, 23 Sep 2004 00:58:04 +0200
To: IETF MARID WG <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: A Note of Appreciation
Message-ID: <20040922225804.GB10162@danisch.de>
References: <4151D8AA.3010608@solidmatrix.com> <x4wtymq6f5.fsf@footbone.midwestcs.com>
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...and I'd like to thank Yakov Shafranovich 
who indeed did good, fair and honest work. I do appreciate
that way of work.


regards
Hadmut



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From: "John Glube" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
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Subject: RE: A Note of Appreciation
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I simply wish to add a bit to Yakov's comments. 

Andy, Marshall and Ted did a lot of hard work and I am
personally grateful for their effort, wisdom and patience.

Although this group did not achieve its final objective, a
lot of effort was put in by all and at least on my part,
valuable lessons have been learned. 

I add that we do have two sets of experimental
specifications to work on. These experimental standards can
now be field tested and further refined, ultimately
allowing a formal standard to emerge.

John

John Glube
Toronto, Canada

The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com/dne.html

 

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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 19:23:48 2004
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Wed, 22 Sep 2004, Ted Hardie spewed into the bitstream:

TH>
TH>After an assessment of the current state of the MARID working group, 
TH>its charter, and its milestones, the working group chairs and Area 
TH>Advisor have concluded that the MARID working group should be 
TH>terminated.

An excellent choice. The whole of this has been an exercise in futility
from day one. The knowledge of hidden limits made clear last week when
the patent applications were published was clearly available to one of
our members when we started and they chose to jerk several hundred
people around for months in a clearly concerted effort to increase their
already overwhelming market dominance. I will not personally involve
myself again as a willing contributor in any process that presumes
decency, honesty, or simple forthright behavior from that member.

good luck.

- --
csm@moongroup.com, head geek
http://moongroup.com
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 19:33:41 2004
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Andrew Newton wrote in mxcomp:

> to our knowledge, the IETF has not been given permission to
> use either "SenderID" or "Sender ID" marks

> It is our opinion that all MARID documents should no longer
> reference the output of the MARID working group as "Sender
> ID" or any other similar mark.  We believe the risk to the
> ISOC and the IETF standards publishing process to be too
> great.

Good idea, let's use SPF, it's widely accepted, and it has a
certain fun factor.
 
> If there is a need to refer to a simple name covering this
> work in IETF documents, we recommend "MARID".

You wrote this Tue, 21 Sep 2004 13:15:58 -0400.  Apparently
the area directors failed to inform the co-chairs about their
plans to close MARID.  They also failed to discuss this idea
with the WG as outlined in BCP 25 chapter 4.  What else went
wrong ?
                        Bye, Frank




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 19:49:01 2004
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cc: "'Mark Baugher'" <mbaugher@cisco.com>,
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On Wed, 22 Sep 2004 terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com wrote:

> Lets proceed with SPF Classic and/or Unified SPF.

I hope we'll be able to proceed with SES.  It seems much
nicer in that it provides end-to-end authentication.

Rik
-- 
"Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place.
Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are,
by definition, not smart enough to debug it." - Brian W. Kernighan



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Wed Sep 22 20:01:37 2004
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One follow up point. As pointed out in the note from Ted:

>The working group chairs and Area Advisor intend to ask
>that the editors of existing working group drafts put
>forward their documents as non-working group submissions
>for Experimental RFC status. Given the importance of the
>world-wide email and DNS systems, it is critical that
>IETF-sponsored experimental proposals likely to see broad
>deployment contain no mechanisms that would have
>deleterious effects on the overall system. The Area
>Directors intend, therefore, to request that the
>experimental proposals be reviewed by a focused technology
>directorate.

I believe this is a very prudent decision. 

I support it fully and look forward to receiving notice of
the posting of the IETF-sponsored experimental proposals,
so that the community at large can move forward with field
testing.

John
 
John Glube
Toronto, Canada
 
The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com/dne.html
 
 

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Subject: Re: MARID to close
From: Ryan Ordway <ryan@nwgeeks.com>
To: Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, andy@hxr.us, mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us,
        Scott Hollenbeck <sah@428cobrajet.net>
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On Wed, 2004-09-22 at 09:31, Ted Hardie wrote:
> After an assessment of the current state of the MARID working group, 
> its charter, and its milestones, the working group chairs and Area 
> Advisor have concluded that the MARID working group should be 
> terminated.

	A sad but IMO forseeable event.

> Concluding a group without it having achieved its goals is never a 
> pleasant prospect, and it is always tempting to believe that just a 
> small amount of additional time and energy will cause consensus to 
> emerge.  After careful consideration, however, the working group 
> chairs and area advisor have concluded that such energy would be 
> better spent on gathering deployment experience.

	I truly hope that the work that has been
done here can eventually translate into a working
standard. If not MARID, then something. I'm sure even
those vehemently against what has gone on here can
agree that SOMETHING needs to be done, and the
piecemeal solutions to-date are obviously note enough.
We need a solution. 

	Many thanks to the co chairs, Mr. Hardie
and everyone else.

	Ryan

-- 
HELO, my name is root... you have SIGKILLed my father... prepare to vi!



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Dismiss me as a comic (and a bad one at that) if you wish, but my little
crystal ball reveals to me...

1) Microsoft will finish their product, continue to call it Sender ID, sue
the daylights out of whoever that UK firm is for using "their" trademark,
bundle it with Exchange Server 2008 or whatever they will call it, and
overprice the license for its use on any non-Exchange product.  They will
declare The End Of Spam Is Nigh! and on schedule with their two year plan,
even though it would be four years later.

2) Yahoo and Verisign (if Microsoft doesn't beat Yahoo to it) will establish
a DomainKeys registry, charge obscene amounts of money for yearly
subscriptions to certificate services, charge more money for an Exchange
event sink for it.  Or if Microsoft gets in on it, enter into yet another
collusion with Verisign over PKI, like they have with signing applications
Designed for Windows XP[1], and provide a competing service - Verisign wins
twice.

3) Open source advocates and programmers will fully develop SPF as a
competing technology, license it under the GPL and give it away.  The moment
a real working [3] Exchange event sink appears for it, Microsoft will sue for
patent infringement.  SPF development will move to Norway with its older
brother PGPi, to continue distribution "illegally," and suffer the same fate
as PGP.  It will be called "SPFi" or some variant on that theme, and many
comparisons to it and PGPi will grace technical news sites and Slashdot,
where karma whores will continue to get +5 Funny scores by comparing it to
sunscreen.[4]

4) In the meantime, poor sysadmins and consultants like myself will have to
explain to their clients or employers why they should 1) spend exorbant
amounts of money to pay for a Microsoft / Verisign solution to prevent their
domain from being forged, even though half the Internet doesn't recognize it.
Or 2) explain why they should engage in civil disobedience in the name of
Open Source, and install something potentially illegal (depending on their
country) which could expose the client or employer to action, yet is The
Right Thing To Do For The Good Of The Internet, even though, *sigh*, the
other half the Internet doesn't recognize it.

5) Or, some sysadmins like myself will tell everyone trying to sell / preach
e-mail verification systems to go hang themselves with a CAT5 cable, and
instead recommend subscribing to Messagelabs, Brightmail, Black Spider, and
other managed e-mail providers, giving rise potentially to another 800 pound
gorilla Who Controls Your E-mail.

6) Oh yes, let's not forget that there will be a fellow who will say that He
Started It All and He Should Be Rich and He Will Sue Microsoft And SPFi for
Stealing His Ideas and that The IETF Is Corrupt.[2]

For all I preach about not blaming Microsoft, here's an instance where I'll
gladly say it.  The words: "BLAME MICROSOFT," creep across my crystal ball.

Oops, my crystal ball just told me KERNEL_DATA_INPAGE_ERROR - I guess I shook
it too hard.  Time to replace one of the crystals, reformat and reinstall.

[1] Don't even get me started here - Microsoft's Designed for Windows XP
Software page and linked documentation make no reference that there would
possibly be other PKI vendors who would provide code signing certificates
that would let Microsoft bless their application with XP Holy Water.  It's
hard enough trying to make developers design for security when there are
(perceived) cost barriers like this.

[2] As much as I respect you Hadmut, for your gall and knowledge and sheer
guts, blasting the IETF and raving like The Village Idiot throughout this
process earned you that paragraph.  *I'M* supposed to be The Village Idiot!

[3] I tried two which promptly crashed IIS5 trying to send mail to
dumbo.pobox.com.  Someone forgot to test sending as well as receiving mail,
apparently.

[4] Or if you're a pure mathematician, "SPFi" would have a SPF value of the
square root of minus one, and applying it would make you more susceptible to
sunburn than your own skin would.  As in Count Dracula sunburn.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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On 9/22/2004 12:52 PM, The IESG sent forth electrons to convey:

>The MTA Authorization Records in DNS (MARID) working group in the
>Applications Area has concluded. 
>
>  
>
: (     (more fully expressed by Greg Connor, with whom I fully concur, at
       http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.mxcomp/5240 .)

Thanks to all those working to produce a good MARID standard.

>The mailing list will remain active.
>  
>
: )      (Bryce: unsubcrlbe!)  BTW, how many subscribers do we have (peak?)

>The Area Directors intend, therefore, to request that the
>experimental proposals be reviewed by a focused technology
>directorate. This review group has not yet been formed but, as with
>all directorates, its membership will be publicly listed at
>http://www.ietf.org/u/ietfchair/directorates.html once it has been
>constituted.
>
I believe that a directorate being so tasked would be contrary to the 
goals of the IETF. 
It puts undue power in the hands of the directorate and its appointers.  
Spamfighting inherently presents a great challenge to achieving rough 
consensus.  But the IETF consensus-building process is going to do a far 
better job achieving it than a directorate appointed by the area 
directors.  This is evidenced by the ill-advised (and/or poorly made) 
decision push SenderID to last call.  This decision was made by folks 
who were appointed by the the same folks who will appoint the 
directorate, yes?  What a recipe for disaster!  I'm opposed.  Avoidance 
of deleterious effects is not something that creation of such a 
directorate would make any easier. (It also is the case that a good 
MARID will by design, have deleterious effects on certain traffic, e.g. 
email from most members of the DMA.)
It seems to me that CSV and SPF were (are) both more ready for last call 
than SenderID ever was.


=-=-=-=-=-=

On 9/22/2004 1:01 AM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:

>On Tue, 2004-09-21 at 19:45, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>  
>
>>Doug, still hoping to hear back from you - on 9/14, I asked:
>>
>>    
>>
>>>Doug, did you get my email - of a possible broad, strong example 
>>>showing [SenderID] falling down. 
>>>      
>>>
>
>In general....
>
I was hoping for validation of the example, not generalities.  But 
thanks for the reply.

>
>  
>
>>and
>>
>>    
>>
>>>If foo.dom's SPF/SenderID record lists just MX, and doesn't send spam, 
>>>how/why would a reputation service blacklist foo.dom?
>>>e.g .
>>>foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all" 
>>>      
>>>
>
>In a simple environment exchanging messages end-to-end, the risks would
>be low.  There are risks accepting these types of records when a process
>walks through redirects, includes and arbitrary labels for several
>record types.  
>
Huh?  The question is about  the record given, which has none of these 
problems.
I conclude from your statement that given the proposed record, foo.com 
would be pretty safe from being blacklisted by an SPF reputation service.
I don't see a specific example of what would lead a reputation service 
to blacklist foo.dom that could not befall a CSV system.
Do you claim a server running CSV (and not using DNSSEC, of course) is 
not vulnerable to a poisoned cache?
As I said in private email, I'm trying to nail down as mainstream an 
example as possible.  I can't think of one, given this record.

Given a record *without* -all, or with entries like ?comcast.net, I can 
see how a domain could well get blacklisted.
Doug:

>Elvey:
>  
>
>>On 9/21/2004 11:57 AM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:
>>    
>>
>>>On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 18:50, Matthew Elvey wrote:  
>>>      
>>>
>>>>On 9/20/2004 5:21 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:
>>>>        
>>>>
>>>>>On Mon, 2004-09-20 at 16:33, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>>>>>Here's the idea in a nutshell: CSV makes use of extant SPF records
>>>>>>which already list tens of thousands of domains that are authorized
>>>>>>for use in HELO.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Who supports/opposes this change?   
>>>>>>
>>>>>>            
>>>>>>
>>>>>Ney.
>>>>>
>>>>>This is a repeat of an older debate.      
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>>>No, I'm making a different suggestion.  Please read the whole post!
>>>>I'm eliminating some or all of the records that you mention having a 
>>>>problem with below.
>>>>
>>>>I should have stated one thing clearly: only +type components of
>>>>records would be relevant; ~type and ?type would be ignored.   
>>>>        
>>>>
>>>As I said, this will allow the use of other record types to spoof the
>>>EHLO name.  
>>>      
>>>
>>I claim this is impossible.  Please provide an example of this (using a 
>>record of the kind that my proposal proposes using).
>>    
>>
>
>The label used to select the SPF record is normally based upon the
>mailbox domain to select a full set of outbound MTAs.  The EHLO name can
>be made to match any such mailbox domain provided one of the machines is
>permitted in this SPF record set.  This would be bad.
>  
>
I asked for an example.  I see no example here.  I can't extrapolate 
from what you have said to come up with an example, either.
Perhaps you're avoiding providing one.

>  
>
>>>The SPF type of record will normally be across an entire
>>>array of providers and not for a single host.  
>>>      
>>>
>>I don't see how this is possible using a record of the kind that my 
>>proposal proposes using. 
>>+include:comcast.net is not allowed, for example! 
>>+ptr isn't allowed either (we don't want to allow the likes of 
>>dialup-pool.234.234.comcast.net...)
>>    
>>
>
>One, you want to use existing SPF records that were not intended to
>provide the narrow selection of machines administered by the MTA
>operators.  Two, there is no means to restrict this list after the fact.
>  
>
1)Sort of. 
2)Nonsense. We ignore records or record components that don't meet our 
rules.
Would you argue that there is no means to restrict a CSV "Client SMTP 
Authorization SRV Record" from having illegal values (e.g. a Weight of 8)? 

>  
>
>>>One compromised system  within this vast region can then utilize one
>>>of these records to spoof the EHLO name then.  If reputations are
>>>based upon the MTA name and not the mailbox domain, then protecting
>>>the MTA name would be much more important.  It MUST not be possible
>>>to mix these records out of this concern.
>>>      
>>>
>>I don't believe my proposal does this.  
>><snippage>
>>    
>>
>
>Your approach was to prune the record set used just for the EHLO
>domain.  
>
I don't think so.  It's not clear what you mean by that, so I'm not 
sure, but your sentence doesn't make sense to me; I don't know what 
you're trying to say.

>That pruning can not differentiate between machines within a
>delegated domain or machines within the administered domain. This would
>be bad.
>  
>
I don't see where I'm saying something from which one could conclude 
that a record for aol.com would be non-differentiable from one for 
dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com.

>  
>
>>>>>The host name used within the EHLO domain will require a separate
>>>>>record anyway, so why not use a record that achieves an answer
>>>>>within a single lookup?       
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>>>We should, as my post makes clear.  But there are reported to be what, 
>>>>~300,000 SPF records?  Why not use them to the extent that I suggest?
>>>>        
>>>>
>>>These records are for a different purpose, and expose a different set of
>>>machines.  The EHLO record set must be kept narrow in order to serve the
>>>purpose of establishing accountability.  The broad and weak nature of
>>>the identities obtained using SPF/Sender-ID are not useful for this
>>>purpose.  SPF/Sender-ID should be viewed as informative for but a few
>>>exceptions.  
>>>      
>>>
>>Let's nail down what exceptions are appropriate then! 
>>(Again, I'm NOT suggesting using the identities obtained using 
>>SPF/SenderID!)
>>    
>>
>
>The exceptions would be with respect to those domains that feel it is
>okay to close their lists.  
>
That conclusion isn't warranted. It's incorrect.  In fact, I said:
 > [O]nly +type components of records would be relevant; ~type and ?type 
would be ignored.
I didn't say that the entire record containing in, e.g. ~all would be 
ignored, just that the ~all would be ignored.
So your follow-on conclusions are also unwarranted.

>
>  
>
>>Some refinements to my proposal based on stuff hashed out in private email:
>>
>>99% of the time, an MX query will return the A records for all the 
>>servers listed in the MX record as add'l records, all in one UDP packet.
>>Let's say that's a requirement for our purposes, where there's a +MX in 
>>the SPF record.
>>
>>"+a +mx -all" would
>>need 2 more DNS queries to resolve (unless a ALL query was done, which
>>is likely a bad idea). I think it's reasonable to accomodate a bit more
>>than 1 add'l DNS query.
>>    
>>
<snippage of rehashed arguments re parsers and DNS that are not applicable>

>>Let's not worry about the <<1% of records where the DNS servers are
>>known to return incomplete lists of Address records. Let's say that's
>>a requirement for our purposes that this not happen.
>>    
>>
>
>Once the IETF has expended their considerable efforts to endorse a
>method that is well considered and robust, I doubt there will be any
>trouble with the adoption of the standard.  The problem of spam is that
>great.  
>
Certainly, if those things are all true, then the following is true as 
well.  Todays events suggest otherwise.

>
>I still insist the SPF record should never be allowed to validate the
>EHLO domain.  It is a different data set for a different purpose.  
>
>  
>
>>Again, the reason for my proposal is not to change or obsolete
>>CSV records, but to make CSV work in some reasonable cases where it
>>can work without them without being significantly detrimental. 
>>    
>>
>
>Sorry, but I fail to see the point in using a TXT record and a parser to
>obtain a list of addresses through a dangerous and expensive set of
>lookups, when it can be done in one lookup safely.  Also where it will
>not accidentally allow other domains to spoof the EHLO identity.  This
>exclusion is needed to establish accountability.  
>  
>
WTF???
I have not suggested a dangerous or expensive set of lookups.
I have not not suggested a scheme that would readily allow other domains 
to spoof the EHLO identity.
I even asked you to provide an example disproving this and you were 
unable to. 



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>   I am also disappointed at the putting off of the extremely important
> non-technical IPR issue until it was too late.  The members of IETF,
> wanting to be faithful to the 'E' in the name, naturally want to
> concentrate on engineering issues at least primarily, but even ONLY
> engineering, if that's possible.  I would like to suggest that if that
> is the desire, it is an impossibility.  You cannot 
> compartmentalize your work that way. 

The engineering issues are trivial and more or less irrelevant.

The problem has always been how to get ubiquitous deployment.


The spammers have won this round. That has consequences.

Those arguing that the ITU take over responsibility for Internet
standards will probably cite this result as evidence.



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> The spammers have won this round. That has consequences.

And I thought we were over the whole "This will stop spam" thing.

OK, one more time:

This is your spam:
- v14gr4@spammer.domain
This is sender verification:
- v14gr4@spammer.domain may send mail from here.
This is your spam on sender verification:
- 250 OK message received from spammer.domain

Any questions?

Anyone continuing to claim otherwise is deluded.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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I'll note a from the start that I'm dissapointed as well that IETF has
decided to close MARID, I was not expecting this outcome. However I do
not believe this is the end of standartization efforts of these
technologies as far as IETF is concerned.

> The engineering issues are trivial and more or less irrelevant.

Engineering issues are never irrelevent and they are certainly not trivial.
I'll note that current proposal based on CallerID algorithm basicly is
flowed as far as IETF existing standards are concerned. And I'm not 
certain Microsoft would ever agree to modifying algorithm if this were to 
cause it to no longer be subject its CallerID patent application. 

> The problem has always been how to get ubiquitous deployment.
True. And trying to push through proposal that can not be deployed by
open-source community is not a way to go forward with the process. 
You seem to forget here that 75% of MTAs in the world are in fact using
open-source email servers at their core...
 
> The spammers have won this round. That has consequences.
On this I do not agree for several reasons.

First - neither SPF nor Sender ID are anti-spam technologies, they are 
designed to provide better email security and anti-forgery protection, but 
they are not the "silver bullet" to spam. 

Second - the technology is not dead, we'll continue with SPF. It'll be
deployed (though admitedly it'd not be deployed quite as quickly and as
widely as it would happened were it to become IETF standard rather then
experimental RFC).
 
> Those arguing that the ITU take over responsibility for Internet
> standards will probably cite this result as evidence.

I'm somewhat sceptical about UN bureaucrats in general...
So I don't particularly see ITU as a solution in place of yet much smaller 
icann bureaucracy or non-bureaucratic ietf (which may well not be the
"perfect" standards organization but certainly comes much closer to 
representing interests of individual internet users then ISO or OASIS 
which are designed to provide forum of standartization primarily only for 
large organizations)

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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Mark Lentczner wrote in mxcomp (list of the former MARID WG):

> draft-ietf-marid-protocol-03

Now after the IETF has closed MARID, and the IESG has not yet
accepted my appeal, I guess it's the best to continue all SPF
discussions in spf-discuss for the moment.

For SPF I'd like to see an update of draft-mengwong-spf-01.txt,
reflecting all the work that has gone into protocol-03.  The
syntax in protocol-03 is much better than the original syntax.

We probably can't use the stuff about different scopes for now,
therefore I propose to remove this from the "protocol", and
return to the original v=spf1 prefix instead of spf2.0/mfrom.

Without the IETF we can also remove the parts about a new DNS
RR SPF and return to the plain TXT approach.  That's not very
elegant, but the TXT "v=spf1" syntax _is_ common practice, and
introducing any incompatability with this common practice makes
no sense at this moment.

AFAIK the Received-SPF: header in draft-mengwong-spf-01.txt is
the only interesting part of "classic SPF" not yet covered by
protocol-03 plus mailfrom-00.

There are still a lot of minor issues with protocol-03 and
mailfrom-00, but I'm most interested in salvaging as much as
possible from this "fun ride" (quoting Yakov Shafranovich).

                   Bye, Frank




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> To MS I say: shame on you, for trying to take credit for other people's ideas.
> Shame on you for taking a "microinvention" such as PRA and trying to use that
> to take over all email sender verification world-wide.  


Earlier this month, Matt Sergeant, of Messagegate, for whom I have a
great deal of respect, wrote, of the licensing issues with Sender
I.D.:

"I pressed him: "Will you fix the license?". I never really got a confirmed
yes or no, but my feeling was "no" when we ended the conversation. I
suggested that they give their IP to the IETF (such as I believe there is
precedence of - I know that IBM has committed patents to the public domain
before in a similar act of openness), to which I was told that Craig
believed this was a reasonable idea, but that Bill Gates himself had
vetoed that idea because of the current focus on patent gathering and IPR
issues at Microsoft."

<shaking head>..the more things change, the more they remain the same.
 I don't know how many of you knew Gary Kildall, or are familiar with
his story, but you can read about him here - pay particular attention
to the last paragraph.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/theymadeamerica/whomade/kildall_hi.html


Anne



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On Wed, 2004-09-22 at 17:16, Matthew Elvey wrote:

The goals were obtainable, but obviously not in the time frame alloted. 
Perhaps diligently expressing concerns with various aspects of using
script within DNS, I deserve a fair amount of the blame for this
failure.  Some still see this as a wonderful innovation however.

When submitting CSV to the graybeards, DNS security was a primary
concern and they requested ensuring a random port was an added security
consideration.  A technical review was not something SPF/Sender-ID
advocates desired.  Not wanting to point out problems without offering
solutions was the motivation for creating the MPR draft.

Recognizing where a suite of protocols are weak and working on these
problems seems more fundamental than creating new features or complex
impediments when knowing every chink will be exploited.  These concerns
seem to pale when compared to promises from a large company destine to
change the landscape.  It is also ironic, as this type of amorphous
scripting in mail has largely caused the current situation.  Although
the goals were relatively well defined, there was still an ongoing
debate whether this was actually to prevent spam, spoofing, phishing or
whatever seemed to "fit" the solution touted. 

SMTP is a well crafted battle-scarred solution with a few odd bits
broken.  The EHLO name, acting as a type of post-mark is an obvious
example of something broken ever since machines used more IP addresses
than fit in a DNS query.  I know by being outspoken, this has been a
disappoint to Dave Crocker.  Both Dave and John Levine deserve a great
deal of credit for having a great deal of understanding in both the
inter-operation of the protocols and the IETF.

And now more of the same...
> > In a simple environment exchanging messages end-to-end, the risks would
> > be low.  There are risks accepting these types of records when a process
> > walks through redirects, includes and arbitrary labels for several
> > record types.  

> Huh?  The question is about the record given, which has none of these 
> problems.

There is a good overview here.
http://www.securityfocus.com/guest/17905

> I conclude from your statement that given the proposed record, foo.com 
> would be pretty safe from being blacklisted by an SPF reputation service.
> I don't see a specific example of what would lead a reputation service 
> to blacklist foo.dom that could not befall a CSV system.
> Do you claim a server running CSV (and not using DNSSEC, of course) is 
> not vulnerable to a poisoned cache?

By limiting the mechanism to a single DNS lookup to a single DNS server,
the exposure is much less.  The goal and results are the same, the
structure of the lookups are different.

For what it is worth, SPF "requires" more than a single record be read
perhaps from many different DNS servers.  This opens a sizable can of
worms.  This creates a setup for an attack, especially when needing a
parser to process the records.  A "safe" record is thus not as safe
owning to this.  Yes, the simple record in your example itself would not
have been useful for such an exploit.  The danger lies in the general
requirement to explore many different domains to resolve an address list
being compiled.  This problem vanishes had the list been of names rather
than addresses.

> As I said in private email, I'm trying to nail down as mainstream an 
> example as possible.  I can't think of one, given this record.
> 
> Given a record *without* -all, or with entries like ?comcast.net, I can 
> see how a domain could well get blacklisted.

Few large organizations would wish to deal with the results of full
fledged SPF and closed records.
 
<snip>
> > The label used to select the SPF record is normally based upon the
> > mailbox domain to select a full set of outbound MTAs.  The EHLO name can
> > be made to match any such mailbox domain provided one of the machines is
> > permitted in this SPF record set.  This would be bad.
>
> I asked for an example.  I see no example here.  I can't extrapolate 
> from what you have said to come up with an example, either.
> Perhaps you're avoiding providing one.

Example: Mailbox.tld has SPF records that define the entire address
space for three of their providers where they outsource some of their
mail, and their own.  I contend reputation should be based upon what you
have control over.  That would mean it would not be to your advantage to
include the machines of these other providers in a reputation
assessment.  

mailbox.dom spf cidr isp1, cidr isp2, cidr isp3, cidr for self.

ehlo.dom spf cidr for self

A compromised host in one of the ISPs or even perhaps some clever shell
program issues EHLO with mailbox.dom rather than the intended ehlo.dom.

The advantages of using this common DNS script structure vanish when you
wish to limit your exposure for EHLO reputation assessments.

<snip>
> >
> > One, you want to use existing SPF records that were not intended to
> > provide the narrow selection of machines administered by the MTA
> > operators.  Two, there is no means to restrict this list after the fact.
>   
> 1) Sort of. 
> 2) Nonsense. We ignore records or record components that don't meet our 
>    rules.
> Would you argue that there is no means to restrict a CSV "Client SMTP 
> Authorization SRV Record" from having illegal values (e.g. a Weight of 8)? 

The rules that accept only closed SPF components still do not achieve a
goal of assessing only the administrator accountable.

<snip>
>
> > Your approach was to prune the record set used just for the EHLO
> > domain.  
>
> I don't think so.  It's not clear what you mean by that, so I'm not 
> sure, but your sentence doesn't make sense to me; I don't know what 
> you're trying to say.

Just removing open elements will not achieve the desired goal as it does
not provide the same set.

> > That pruning can not differentiate between machines within a
> > delegated domain or machines within the administered domain. This would
> > be bad. 
>
> I don't see where I'm saying something from which one could conclude 
> that a record for aol.com would be non-differentiable from one for 
> dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com.

SPF does not have the concept of administrative versus authorized. 
There is nothing in the syntax that would allow the differentiation.  In
addition, the EHLO name can express any label to select any record.

> > Once the IETF has expended their considerable efforts to endorse a
> > method that is well considered and robust, I doubt there will be any
> > trouble with the adoption of the standard.  The problem of spam is that
> > great.  
>
> Certainly, if those things are all true, then the following is true as 
> well.  Todays events suggest otherwise.

Today is not a stellar day.

<snip>
> >
> > Sorry, but I fail to see the point in using a TXT record and a parser to
> > obtain a list of addresses through a dangerous and expensive set of
> > lookups, when it can be done in one lookup safely.  Also where it will
> > not accidentally allow other domains to spoof the EHLO identity.  This
> > exclusion is needed to establish accountability.  
>
> I have not suggested a dangerous or expensive set of lookups.

It is my opinion these DNS scripts are dangerous from the standpoint of
both security and network integrity.

> I have not not suggested a scheme that would readily allow other domains 
> to spoof the EHLO identity.

By attempting to reuse the same SPF records for both EHLO validation and
the mail channel authorization, this exposes the EHLO reputation to a
larger set of MTA servers.  Labels to these records is not a means to
prevent their use for either purpose.

> I even asked you to provide an example disproving this and you were 
> unable to. 

The line from Cool Hand Luke comes to mind.  It is not because I have
not tried.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: MARID to close - Comments/Suggestions
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Ted, Andy:

I think this a good direction.  I believe the opportunity should remain
available to explore the "right" solution.  I also believe keeping this
forum/mailing list in place will provide an avenue of public record and
disclosure for all parties.  So I welcome this direction and I personally
would like to get more involved if its in the right direction with the
proposed review group.   We have commercial deployment experience with a
suite of methods, including SPF, Microsoft Caller-ID,  CBV (Call Back
Verification),  RBL and other concepts and methods centralized designed
around strong product liability considerations.

With that said, I would like to make specific comments and recommendations.
Hopefully, some of the comments will provide helpful feedback to help mode
the new direction.

First I hate to deviate to this, but around here, it sounds like it needs to
be stated.  Although IANAL, I was trained to understand IP and analyze IP.
My 25+ years of rich engineering expertise and understanding of high tech IP
related issues in both the corporate and private market place is well
established. This includes an understanding of the patent process both past
and present, especially how the software patent process has changed over the
years. . In short, there has nearly not been one day in my entire career
where IP, especially product liability issues was not a major part and/or
consideration for systems projects and/or product lines.

With that said, I will note that in regards to the recent MS patents,  we
have no concerns with the claims cited in the patent applications.  We have
been in this market for a long time with a high-end, integrated product line
and this certainly not the first time new software patents based on post
1996 relaxed guidelines were issued with claims touching based with old
technology or methods re-invented as "internet solutions.".  Push comes to
shove, the prior art, obviousness, the relationship of natural elements in
the Markush-type claims for these specific patent applications and the
negligence of due diligence can be well established by the expert in the
field and market of invention.  So we are not worry about it.  Like the
others with frivolous prior-art claims,  it would not be in Microsoft
interest to enforce and pursue this in a court of law as it will open the
door for counter-suits and patent review and establishing invalidity.

I mentioned this because I believe the problem with MARID was its structure
which allowed the MS patent to happen to the first place.  Back in July, I
offered a proposal to restructure the core to eliminate the IP issue. This
proposed design structure is 100% based on providing fundamental protection
against with Markus-type claims.

I don't think it needs to be restate the proposal at this point, however, I
do believe the following items are extremely important considerations in
this new direction.

1) SMTP Protocol Summary

We need to create a summary statement what are the critical issues with the
SMTP.  What are the loop hole? What are the ambiguities that need to be
cleared up?  What are the possible compatibility issues?  What are the
current authentication methods?

This will be the basic problem statement that will help provide a total
picture and "Check Off list" for the augmentation of new Extended SMTP
security enhancements.

2) Extended SMTP Protocol Security Enhancements.

Once have the SMTP Protocol Summary, we can begin to suggest the natural and
obvious black box extensions that provide added security.

In my view, this could of been the MARID CORE specification, however, as it
was currently, it was locked into some current problematic and troublesome
proposals.

What need to do is "separate" the protocol from the actual implementations
in the market place.  This is very important and it will lay and establish
the groundwork to pre-empt Utility Patents claims against the process.   I
should note this is already prior art and thus provides, if required,
evidence for disputes against the Microsoft Patents.  It is for this reason,
Santronics is not concern about these recent email patents as this have been
the framework for Santronics mail and file servers for many years.

Nonetheless, MARID needs to take a position where a CORE specification
provides an open-ended security enhancements to the SMTP protocol.

Once this is done, the proposed "review group" can be used this new MARID
CORE as a framework to evaluate new MARID compatible protocol proposals.

What will the MARID-CORE include?

The most important ones that stand out are:

- a generic framework for ESMTP mail sender/client validation, i.e., like
LMAP.

- a new standard for client/server version recognition,

- a proposal new set of new ESMTP commands,

- a new standard set of ESMTP response codes,  and

- a guideline to backward SMTP compatibility (how to deal with legal
operations.).

3) Optional: Rewrite SMTP 2821

One of the problems MARID had from the beginning was that lack of
participation of the core IETF-SMTP participants, including the WG chair,.
I was astonished by the response by the chair, the author of RFC 2821, as to
why he opted out of the MARID process.  It was not to hard to see that MARID
was crippled when the suggestions in the proposals did not even go their the
IETF-SMTP process.  It was the somewhat the same issue with RFC 2822 but
here there was some IETF-2822 participants due to the significances of the
822/2822 related issues.

In any case, unless the MARID group gets the IETF-SMTP involved,  it will be
a tough climb to reach the common goals we are all looking for success
across the board.   We need to recognize that the old design philosophy in
SMTP 2821, a "relaxed internet spirit required for wide deployment with less
emphasis with security" no longer applies today.

In summary:

In step 1,  we take a step back to the SMTP protocol to establish the
groundwork for step 2.  We get a good picture of what's wrong with the
protocol.  At a minimum, by providing a new SMTP specification in step 3 it
establishes a unambiguous basis for current or new SMTP mail servers to use
for required hosting requirements in the new era.  Finally, in step 2, the
new MARID-CORE is designed with a new level of SMTP operational expectations
that it can use as a generic framework for mail security.

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office



----- Original Message -----
From: "Ted Hardie" <hardie@qualcomm.com>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Cc: <andy@hxr.us>; <mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us>; "Scott Hollenbeck"
<sah@428cobrajet.net>
Sent: Wednesday, September 22, 2004 12:31 PM
Subject: MARID to close


> Rather than spin in place, the working group chairs and Area Advisor
> believe that the best way forward is experimentation with multiple
proposals and a
> subsequent review of deployment experience.  The working group chairs
> and Area Advisor intend to ask that the editors of existing working
> group drafts put forward their documents as non-working group
> submissions for Experimental RFC status. Given the importance of the
> world-wide email and DNS systems, it is critical that IETF-sponsored
> experimental proposals likely to see broad deployment contain no
> mechanisms that would have deleterious effects on the overall system.
>
> The Area Directors intend, therefore, to request that the
> experimental proposals be reviewed by a focused technology
> directorate. This review group has not yet been formed but, as with
> all directorates, its membership will be publicly listed at
> http://www.ietf.org/u/ietfchair/directorates.html once it has been
> constituted.
>
> Concluding a group without it having achieved its goals is never a
> pleasant prospect, and it is always tempting to believe that just a
> small amount of additional time and energy will cause consensus to
> emerge.  After careful consideration, however, the working group
> chairs and area advisor have concluded that such energy would be
> better spent on gathering deployment experience.
>
>     regards,
>      Ted Hardie
>      co-Area Director, Applications
>
>




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Subject: Re: Disappointed
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Wednesday, September 22, 2004 9:36 PM
Subject: RE: Disappointed


> The engineering issues are trivial and more or less irrelevant.

Phillip, I respectfully disagree.

I believe this has been the fundamental reason why there was no censensus.
These administrative based proposals were crippled from the onset due to the
lack of understanding technical SMTP operations in the market place, which
include concepts such as Dynamic vs POST SMTP mail analysis. A important
distinction in how these proposals work or do not work, and more important
how it related to product and operator liability issues.

> The problem has always been how to get ubiquitous deployment.

and this begins by with stepping back and understanding the barriers to
deployment.

What is needed is a clarification of the SMTP functional specification with
the removal of all loop holes at the "specification" level.   Once that is
done,  then the software vendors and administrators have a basis to get a
clear picture for the operability and reliability of ESMTP based security
proposals (MARID) and how the software is implemented by administrators.

Basic example:

Both CSV can work, it needs to lay the ground with a new 2821 specification
that will enforce the CVS entities to exist.  Current software developers
can upgrade their software based on the new 2821 alone and new SMTP
developers have new 2821 document to use a framework.  This will great a
market of growing compatible products.  Once this is done, then CSV and SPF
proposals will work better.

Until that happens,  what is left is a suite of solutions required by the
vendors. Just consider a product like ours which provides a 98% reject rate
based on 5-6 suite of methods in place.   We must write and run our SMTP
software such a way that is based on the idea that no one single method will
cover it all.

At the moment, we get one or two high reliable methods, people will adopt
because the software vendors will adopt the technology.

But that won't happen until we revisit SMTP and get that straight.

Anyway, this is all deja-vu: "Administrative vs. Developer" philosophical
conflicts has always hampered progress, especially in an area so important
that requires a costly revamp of operations from end to end.

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office




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Subject: Re: WG to close ;  Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new revisions)
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Douglas,

I will be among the first to implement a solution that make sense.  In
regards to your CSV,  I commend you for excellent written proposals,
however,  I offer the following reasons for why they have an element that
prohibit consideration for implementation.

CSV is a solution based on two methods: CSA vs. DNA.  I understand all the
arguments for your design, however, I don't think you (among others) have
completely understood the deployment and real operations paradigm that makes
CSV conflictive:

First, this applies to all proposals.  The EHLO/MAIL FROM validation is
useless if RCPT TO is invalid.  We already covered this in our emails a few
months back.   I believe I concluded that it should be mentioned in the
specs.

Second,  it is possible to use CSA only for True Negatives.

What are true negatives?.

Here is my extended terminology for establishing the level of trust in the
email arena:

    False Positives - a Pass that was deemed incorrect upon inspection
    True Positives - a Pass that was deemed correct upon inspection
    False Negative - a Reject that was deemed incorrect upon inspection
    True Negative - a Reject that was deemed correct upon inspection

For example:

A EHLO check that results in a REJECTION is a 100% Trusted result.  This can
be fundamentally proven with local domain EHLO checks, i.e.,  An anonymous
IP trying to use your own domain(s) for the EHLO command is an easy spoof
check.

However, an EHLO check that results with a PASS is not a 100% trusted result
and needs further scrutiny.

This is where you use DNA as a well to check the trust of the result. What I
am saying, you only need to do this for a PASS, not a rejection.   What this
means is that your lookup method needs to take into  account this overhead
reduction concept.   Currently, the lookup says to do DNA first, then CSA.
I say CSA first because .....

Third,  DNA is too exclusive.

CSV will not get adopted unless it has ready DNA sites. The problem I have
is how to offer it to customers from a marketing standpoint.   We can't make
a claim for "new anti-spam technology using CSV" with a footnote that says
"requires double A batteries (DNA) in order to work."   If they are only 1
DNA site (MAPS for example), then this will critical some issues that need
to get worked out.  So at this point in time,  CSV is put on the back
burner.

I think overall, it will continue to have this DNA stigma.  But I think we
can use CSA by itself.  The same applies to SPF for EHLO "True Negatives"
checks.   But SPF suffers from its relaxed provisions.  SPF HELO checks can
only be TRUE or FALSE, not soft or neutral.  It is not logical.

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office


----- Original Message -----
From: "Douglas Otis" <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "Matthew Elvey" <matthew@elvey.com>
Cc: "MXCOMP" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>; "John Leslie" <john@jlc.net>
Sent: Wednesday, September 22, 2004 11:44 PM
Subject: WG to close ; Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new
revisions)


>
> On Wed, 2004-09-22 at 17:16, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>
> The goals were obtainable, but obviously not in the time frame alloted.
> Perhaps diligently expressing concerns with various aspects of using
> script within DNS, I deserve a fair amount of the blame for this
> failure.  Some still see this as a wonderful innovation however.
>
> When submitting CSV to the graybeards, DNS security was a primary
> concern and they requested ensuring a random port was an added security
> consideration.  A technical review was not something SPF/Sender-ID
> advocates desired.  Not wanting to point out problems without offering
> solutions was the motivation for creating the MPR draft.
>
> Recognizing where a suite of protocols are weak and working on these
> problems seems more fundamental than creating new features or complex
> impediments when knowing every chink will be exploited.  These concerns
> seem to pale when compared to promises from a large company destine to
> change the landscape.  It is also ironic, as this type of amorphous
> scripting in mail has largely caused the current situation.  Although
> the goals were relatively well defined, there was still an ongoing
> debate whether this was actually to prevent spam, spoofing, phishing or
> whatever seemed to "fit" the solution touted.
>
> SMTP is a well crafted battle-scarred solution with a few odd bits
> broken.  The EHLO name, acting as a type of post-mark is an obvious
> example of something broken ever since machines used more IP addresses
> than fit in a DNS query.  I know by being outspoken, this has been a
> disappoint to Dave Crocker.  Both Dave and John Levine deserve a great
> deal of credit for having a great deal of understanding in both the
> inter-operation of the protocols and the IETF.
>
> And now more of the same...
> > > In a simple environment exchanging messages end-to-end, the risks
would
> > > be low.  There are risks accepting these types of records when a
process
> > > walks through redirects, includes and arbitrary labels for several
> > > record types.
>
> > Huh?  The question is about the record given, which has none of these
> > problems.
>
> There is a good overview here.
> http://www.securityfocus.com/guest/17905
>
> > I conclude from your statement that given the proposed record, foo.com
> > would be pretty safe from being blacklisted by an SPF reputation
service.
> > I don't see a specific example of what would lead a reputation service
> > to blacklist foo.dom that could not befall a CSV system.
> > Do you claim a server running CSV (and not using DNSSEC, of course) is
> > not vulnerable to a poisoned cache?
>
> By limiting the mechanism to a single DNS lookup to a single DNS server,
> the exposure is much less.  The goal and results are the same, the
> structure of the lookups are different.
>
> For what it is worth, SPF "requires" more than a single record be read
> perhaps from many different DNS servers.  This opens a sizable can of
> worms.  This creates a setup for an attack, especially when needing a
> parser to process the records.  A "safe" record is thus not as safe
> owning to this.  Yes, the simple record in your example itself would not
> have been useful for such an exploit.  The danger lies in the general
> requirement to explore many different domains to resolve an address list
> being compiled.  This problem vanishes had the list been of names rather
> than addresses.
>
> > As I said in private email, I'm trying to nail down as mainstream an
> > example as possible.  I can't think of one, given this record.
> >
> > Given a record *without* -all, or with entries like ?comcast.net, I can
> > see how a domain could well get blacklisted.
>
> Few large organizations would wish to deal with the results of full
> fledged SPF and closed records.
>
> <snip>
> > > The label used to select the SPF record is normally based upon the
> > > mailbox domain to select a full set of outbound MTAs.  The EHLO name
can
> > > be made to match any such mailbox domain provided one of the machines
is
> > > permitted in this SPF record set.  This would be bad.
> >
> > I asked for an example.  I see no example here.  I can't extrapolate
> > from what you have said to come up with an example, either.
> > Perhaps you're avoiding providing one.
>
> Example: Mailbox.tld has SPF records that define the entire address
> space for three of their providers where they outsource some of their
> mail, and their own.  I contend reputation should be based upon what you
> have control over.  That would mean it would not be to your advantage to
> include the machines of these other providers in a reputation
> assessment.
>
> mailbox.dom spf cidr isp1, cidr isp2, cidr isp3, cidr for self.
>
> ehlo.dom spf cidr for self
>
> A compromised host in one of the ISPs or even perhaps some clever shell
> program issues EHLO with mailbox.dom rather than the intended ehlo.dom.
>
> The advantages of using this common DNS script structure vanish when you
> wish to limit your exposure for EHLO reputation assessments.
>
> <snip>
> > >
> > > One, you want to use existing SPF records that were not intended to
> > > provide the narrow selection of machines administered by the MTA
> > > operators.  Two, there is no means to restrict this list after the
fact.
> >
> > 1) Sort of.
> > 2) Nonsense. We ignore records or record components that don't meet our
> >    rules.
> > Would you argue that there is no means to restrict a CSV "Client SMTP
> > Authorization SRV Record" from having illegal values (e.g. a Weight of
8)?
>
> The rules that accept only closed SPF components still do not achieve a
> goal of assessing only the administrator accountable.
>
> <snip>
> >
> > > Your approach was to prune the record set used just for the EHLO
> > > domain.
> >
> > I don't think so.  It's not clear what you mean by that, so I'm not
> > sure, but your sentence doesn't make sense to me; I don't know what
> > you're trying to say.
>
> Just removing open elements will not achieve the desired goal as it does
> not provide the same set.
>
> > > That pruning can not differentiate between machines within a
> > > delegated domain or machines within the administered domain. This
would
> > > be bad.
> >
> > I don't see where I'm saying something from which one could conclude
> > that a record for aol.com would be non-differentiable from one for
> > dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com.
>
> SPF does not have the concept of administrative versus authorized.
> There is nothing in the syntax that would allow the differentiation.  In
> addition, the EHLO name can express any label to select any record.
>
> > > Once the IETF has expended their considerable efforts to endorse a
> > > method that is well considered and robust, I doubt there will be any
> > > trouble with the adoption of the standard.  The problem of spam is
that
> > > great.
> >
> > Certainly, if those things are all true, then the following is true as
> > well.  Todays events suggest otherwise.
>
> Today is not a stellar day.
>
> <snip>
> > >
> > > Sorry, but I fail to see the point in using a TXT record and a parser
to
> > > obtain a list of addresses through a dangerous and expensive set of
> > > lookups, when it can be done in one lookup safely.  Also where it will
> > > not accidentally allow other domains to spoof the EHLO identity.  This
> > > exclusion is needed to establish accountability.
> >
> > I have not suggested a dangerous or expensive set of lookups.
>
> It is my opinion these DNS scripts are dangerous from the standpoint of
> both security and network integrity.
>
> > I have not not suggested a scheme that would readily allow other domains
> > to spoof the EHLO identity.
>
> By attempting to reuse the same SPF records for both EHLO validation and
> the mail channel authorization, this exposes the EHLO reputation to a
> larger set of MTA servers.  Labels to these records is not a means to
> prevent their use for either purpose.
>
> > I even asked you to provide an example disproving this and you were
> > unable to.
>
> The line from Cool Hand Luke comes to mind.  It is not because I have
> not tried.
>
> -Doug
>
>




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Aha!  I found the post with the relevant stats. 
They're from March, though.  Also, my recollection was off - domains 
using the ten most popular SPF records included only 1/2 of the total 
domains with records.
http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg00644.html  Something 
reasonably recent would be great.

Anyway, let's consider the top ten (which I've reordered a bit) from wayne:

1  1097 v=spf1 mx -all 
3   463 v=spf1 a mx ptr -all 
4   429 v=spf1 a mx -all 
9   131 v=spf1 a mx ?all 
6   306 v=spf1 a -all 
The above would generally take 1-3 UDP DNS queries to resolve. 
 
5   325 v=spf1 -all 
7   171 v=spf1 +exists:CL.%{i}.FR.%{s}.HE.%{h}.null.spf.example.com -all 
8   131 v=spf1 include:example.org ~all 
10  130 v=spf1 ?all 
These are equivalent to the null set, for the purposes of my proposal.

2   804 v=spf1 ip4:a.b.c.d/32 ip4:a.b.c.d/32 a ptr mx -all 
This is probably no longer in the top ten. 


On 9/22/2004 8:44 PM, Douglas Otis sent forth electrons to convey:

>On Wed, 2004-09-22 at 17:16, Matthew Elvey wrote:
>
>  
>
>>Huh?  The question is about the record given, which has none of these 
>>problems. (  foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all" )
>>
>
>There is a good overview here.
>http://www.securityfocus.com/guest/17905
>  
>
Yes, a good refresher.  Anyway it leads me to believe that the record 
only suffers from a problem that also afflicts CSV and that a good bind9 
or djbdns config can handle.

>  
>
>>I conclude from your statement that given the proposed record, foo.com 
>>would be pretty safe from being blacklisted by an SPF reputation service.
>>I don't see a specific example of what would lead a reputation service 
>>to blacklist foo.dom that could not befall a CSV system.
>>Do you claim a server running CSV (and not using DNSSEC, of course) is 
>>not vulnerable to a poisoned cache?
>>    
>>
>
>By limiting the mechanism to a single DNS lookup to a single DNS server,
>the exposure is much less.  
>
Ok, it is a little less.  The risk is also low to start with. (Birthday 
attacks aren't common, AFAIK; I've never logged one.)  It's even lower 
to nonexistent given recent/patched/secure DNS software and systems 
(e.g. a split-split configuration).

>For what it is worth, SPF "requires" more than a single record be read
>perhaps from many different DNS servers.  This opens a sizable can of
>worms.  
>
Clearly, I need to better explain my scheme, as it still seems unclear 
to you that what SPF "requires" isn't relevant to my proposal!
Please, can you give up using this as an opportunity to bash SPF?  It's 
OT. (Note the changed Subject:).

>
>  
>
>>As I said in private email, I'm trying to nail down as mainstream an 
>>example as possible.  I can't think of one, given this record.
>>
>>Given a record *without* -all, or with entries like ?comcast.net, I can 
>>see how a domain could well get blacklisted.
>>    
>>
>
>Few large organizations would wish to deal with the results of full
>fledged SPF and closed records.
>  
>
Doesn't matter; assuming this is true, it doesn't hurt my proposal.

> 
><snip>
>  
>
>>>The label used to select the SPF record is normally based upon the
>>>mailbox domain to select a full set of outbound MTAs.  The EHLO name can
>>>be made to match any such mailbox domain provided one of the machines is
>>>permitted in this SPF record set.  This would be bad.
>>>      
>>>
>>I asked for an example.  I see no example here.  I can't extrapolate 
>>from what you have said to come up with an example, either.
>>Perhaps you're avoiding providing one.
>>    
>>
>
>Example: Mailbox.tld has SPF records that define the entire address
>space for three of their providers where they outsource some of their
>mail, and their own.  I contend reputation should be based upon what you
>have control over.  That would mean it would not be to your advantage to
>include the machines of these other providers in a reputation
>assessment.  
>  
>
Ah, I did say ip4 (and therefore CIDR ranges) might be OK.
(I did suggest subsequently in mail to John Leslie that perhaps just 
+ip4:a.b.c.d/32 might be OK, note the /32!)
Perhaps even that isn't a good idea, as

mailbox.dom spf   ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all

enables me to inappropriately stake my domain's reputation on the 
ability of ISPs 1-3 to keep their smtp servers from being used to spam.
HOWEVER:  It's already the case that such SPF records are 
inappropriate.  If I don't have high confidence in the ISPs, then the 
appropriate record would be:

mailbox.dom spf   ?ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
and this record would be equivalent to the null set in my scheme: my proposal ignores ~anything and ?anything.
Similarly, anyone creating a record like 

>mailbox.dom spf cidr isp1, cidr isp2, cidr isp3, cidr for self.
>  
>
will suffer the consequences of doing something so dumb, if one of the 3 
ISPs seriously fails keep their smtp servers from being used to spam 
using mailbox.dom.
The domain will get blacklisted (in other words, its reputation will 
fall), and the spoofing will stop.
Of course, your other example:

>ehlo.dom spf cidr for self
>  
>
may also lead to a poor reputation - someone in marketing might decide 
to send a bunch of spam, get zombie-infected, etc., etc.  So CSV-tied 
reputations won't be perfect either; it isn't reasonable to expect them 
to be.  They just need to be reasonably secure.

>A compromised host in one of the ISPs or even perhaps some clever shell
>program issues EHLO with mailbox.dom rather than the intended ehlo.dom.
>
Sorry, how is a clever shell program not in one of the ISPs going to get 
away with this? (No BGP hack/bogon/break into mailbox.dom's server 
scenarios, please!)

><snip>
>  
>
>>>One, you want to use existing SPF records that were not intended to
>>>provide the narrow selection of machines administered by the MTA
>>>operators.  Two, there is no means to restrict this list after the fact.
>>>      
>>>
>>  
>>1) Sort of. 
>>2) Nonsense. We ignore records or record components that don't meet our 
>>   rules.
>>Would you argue that there is no means to restrict a CSV "Client SMTP 
>>Authorization SRV Record" from having illegal values (e.g. a Weight of 8)? 
>>    
>>
>
>The rules that accept only closed SPF components still do not achieve a
>goal of assessing only the administrator accountable.
>  
>
The rules I am refining do achieve that goal. Arguably, they do so 
better than CSV, because they'll work for most domains that haven't 
bothered to set up a CSV record.  Heck, using the SPF 'best guess' may 
be appropriate where there's no SPF or CSV record - the A&R system will 
reflect reality if this guess allows much spam through.

><snip>
>  
>
>>>Your approach was to prune the record set used just for the EHLO
>>>domain.  
>>>      
>>>
>>I don't think so.  It's not clear what you mean by that, so I'm not 
>>sure, but your sentence doesn't make sense to me; I don't know what 
>>you're trying to say.
>>    
>>
>
>Just removing open elements will not achieve the desired goal as it does
>not provide the same set.
>  
>
That's not a logical argument.  The ultimate desired goal is to address 
the spam problem.  It may or may not be material to achievement of that 
goal to get "the same set". 

>  
>
>>>That pruning can not differentiate between machines within a
>>>delegated domain or machines within the administered domain. This would
>>>be bad. 
>>>      
>>>
>>I don't see where I'm saying something from which one could conclude 
>>that a record for aol.com would be non-differentiable from one for 
>>dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com.
>>    
>>
>
>SPF does not have the concept of administrative versus authorized. 
>There is nothing in the syntax that would allow the differentiation.  In
>addition, the EHLO name can express any label to select any record.
>  
>
a record for aol.com is still differentiable from one for 
dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com!


>  
>
>>I have not not suggested a scheme that would readily allow other domains 
>>to spoof the EHLO identity.
>>
>>I even asked you to provide an example disproving this and you were 
>>unable to. 
>>    
>>
>
>The line from Cool Hand Luke comes to mind.  It is not because I have
>not tried.
>  
>
You hadn't provided an example.  Now you have.  Though I don't think it 
disproves this, as I argued above.
The example has enabled us to better discuss specifics. 



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Subject: Re: WG to close ;  Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF?
	(new revisions)
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On Wed, 2004-09-22 at 22:18, Hector Santos wrote:

<snip>
> CSV is a solution based on two methods: CSA vs. DNA.

CSV is a suite of specifications that also includes DNA. I would expect
DNA to become useful after inroads have been made to help promote the
use of CSV.  I would imagine typical white-listing services together
with rhsbl services would get the ball rolling. 

>   I understand all the arguments for your design, however, I don't
> think you (among others) have completely understood the deployment and
> real operations paradigm that makes CSV conflictive:
> 
> First, this applies to all proposals.  The EHLO/MAIL FROM validation is
> useless if RCPT TO is invalid.

CSV allows the construction of name based relationships to relate
mailbox domains with the mail channel, as example, without requiring
subsequent lookups.  This alone is a significant advantage from several
perspectives.  The identity obtained from CSV relates directly to those
that administer the MTA and must be held accountable if to curtail
abuse. 

>   We already covered this in our emails a few months back.   I believe
> I concluded that it should be mentioned in the specs.
> 
> Second,  it is possible to use CSA only for True Negatives.

I have shown in the marid-mpr draft, the results of these lookups
provide the same results over a scope of MAIL FROM, From, or even PRA. 
The basic difference is a deterministic DNS overhead that needs but a
few lookups.

> What are true negatives?.
> 
> Here is my extended terminology for establishing the level of trust in the
> email arena:
> 
>     False Positives - a Pass that was deemed incorrect upon inspection
>     True Positives - a Pass that was deemed correct upon inspection
>     False Negative - a Reject that was deemed incorrect upon inspection
>     True Negative - a Reject that was deemed correct upon inspection

I do not think you understand what it is that CSV provides by going into
these details.  You get the same results with three really major
differences.
  
1) CSV provides the strongest possible identity that DNS allows which
   happens to relate to the MTA administration.

2) The mailbox-domain/mail-channel association can optionally act in the
   role of a gate-keeper without an open-ended association being
   exploited.

3) The overhead is always low and deterministic.  

> For example:
> 
> A EHLO check that results in a REJECTION is a 100% Trusted result.  This can
> be fundamentally proven with local domain EHLO checks, i.e.,  An anonymous
> IP trying to use your own domain(s) for the EHLO command is an easy spoof
> check.
> 
> However, an EHLO check that results with a PASS is not a 100% trusted result
> and needs further scrutiny.

CSV provides the means to apply this additional scrutiny at the smallest
possible cost by using a simple name list.

> This is where you use DNA as a well to check the trust of the result. What I
> am saying, you only need to do this for a PASS, not a rejection.   What this
> means is that your lookup method needs to take into  account this overhead
> reduction concept.   Currently, the lookup says to do DNA first, then CSA.
> I say CSA first because .....
> 
> Third,  DNA is too exclusive.

DNA provides for a large market of white-listing services without
requiring a polling process across many to be made.  By no means does
CSV limit what can be used.  The drafts mention any rhsbl can be used. 
Of course rbls can be used as well, but it is my view a rhsbl would
over-ride the rbl.

> CSV will not get adopted unless it has ready DNA sites. The problem I have
> is how to offer it to customers from a marketing standpoint.   We can't make
> a claim for "new anti-spam technology using CSV" with a footnote that says
> "requires double A batteries (DNA) in order to work."

Good point, but but you don't need DNA.  With CSV in place, the ability
to offer comprehensive name based information will change what can be
obtained from these types of services and the relative overhead needed
to maintain this information.  A lower cost of business in this area is
good all around.  It also means having a name that you can confidently
protect.  With Sender-ID and SPF, you must cross your fingers the
service provider you use gets it right, or you suffer.

>    If they are only 1 DNA site (MAPS for example), then this will
> critical some issues that need to get worked out.  So at this point in
> time,  CSV is put on the back burner.

Although they are small at this point, there are other rhsbl.  There are
other service providers that, for the most part, specialize in
white-listing.  CSV is ideal for both dropping the hammer and
white-listing the good guys.  You could not ask for a better tool.  

> I think overall, it will continue to have this DNA stigma.  But I think we
> can use CSA by itself.  The same applies to SPF for EHLO "True Negatives"
> checks.   But SPF suffers from its relaxed provisions.  SPF HELO checks can
> only be TRUE or FALSE, not soft or neutral.  It is not logical.

I see CSV and an MPR approach removing one of the major stubbing blocks
found with SPF.  Among several that are all related to the same issue,
leaving the association "open" with SPF is an exploit waiting to
happen.  The CSV MPR method removes that invitation.  I feel like the
guy in the movie Graduate giving advice, but rather than saying
"Plastics", I am saying "Names".  "Names" is the future in DNS.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with legacy SPF records?
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
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On Thu, 2004-09-23 at 00:15, Matthew Elvey wrote:
<snip>
> >
> >> Huh?  The question is about the record given, which has none of these 
> >> problems. (  foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all" )
> >
> > There is a good overview here.
> > http://www.securityfocus.com/guest/17905
>   
> Yes, a good refresher.  Anyway it leads me to believe that the record 
> only suffers from a problem that also afflicts CSV and that a good bind9 
> or djbdns config can handle.

I would agree that someone making an effort could protect their DNS
servers, but the risks parsing script in DNS TXT records traipsing from
DNS server to DNS server does not compare to a single lookup of a binary
record.

> > By limiting the mechanism to a single DNS lookup to a single DNS server,
> > the exposure is much less.  
>
> Ok, it is a little less.  The risk is also low to start with. (Birthday 
> attacks aren't common, AFAIK; I've never logged one.)  It's even lower 
> to nonexistent given recent/patched/secure DNS software and systems 
> (e.g. a split-split configuration).

This is entering a new territory where DNS is used to authorize
transactions with a cost incentive to defeat these protections.  Yes,
one could use carefully configured DNS servers to minimize this risk. 
This should not overlook the fact this risk was not necessary however.

> > For what it is worth, SPF "requires" more than a single record be read
> > perhaps from many different DNS servers.  This opens a sizable can of
> > worms.  
>
> Clearly, I need to better explain my scheme, as it still seems unclear 
> to you that what SPF "requires" isn't relevant to my proposal!
> Please, can you give up using this as an opportunity to bash SPF?  It's 
> OT. (Note the changed Subject:).

Using SPF records is not relevant to what is required of SPF?

If SPF was limited to CIDR notation and the MX record, then the value of
SPF would increase significantly as a white-listing tool.  Much of the
label construction macros and exists syntax reduce SPF's value and will
likely serve to obfuscate a ploy that hides zombies.

> > Example: Mailbox.tld has SPF records that define the entire address
> > space for three of their providers where they outsource some of their
> > mail, and their own.  I contend reputation should be based upon what you
> > have control over.  That would mean it would not be to your advantage to
> > include the machines of these other providers in a reputation
> > assessment.  
>   
> Ah, I did say ip4 (and therefore CIDR ranges) might be OK.
> (I did suggest subsequently in mail to John Leslie that perhaps just 
> +ip4:a.b.c.d/32 might be OK, note the /32!)
> Perhaps even that isn't a good idea, as
> 
> mailbox.dom spf   ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
> 
> enables me to inappropriately stake my domain's reputation on the 
> ability of ISPs 1-3 to keep their smtp servers from being used to spam.
> HOWEVER:  It's already the case that such SPF records are 
> inappropriate.  If I don't have high confidence in the ISPs, then the 
> appropriate record would be:
> 
> mailbox.dom spf   ?ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
> and this record would be equivalent to the null set in my scheme: my proposal ignores ~anything and ?anything.
> Similarly, anyone creating a record like 
> 
> > mailbox.dom spf cidr isp1, cidr isp2, cidr isp3, cidr for self.

What you seem to miss is that SPF does not differentiate between
authorization and administration.  There is no way to know the
relationship of a record in another domain.  The cost of doing business
in this area is based in no small part on getting this right.  I see no
reason to blur the distinction nor do I think the motive for using SPF
records for this purpose is well founded.  If the MTA is not willing to
provide a significantly strong identifier, it does not make sense to
start guessing what is meant by the SPF records.  The fall back would be
using the address.  There can be no implied contract where a domain
becomes accountable for the actions of others trusted to send their
mail.

A provider lax in their security should not be allowed to hide behind
their customer's domains.  Should the provider wish to force the
customer to accept this risk, they can ask to have the customer setup a
CSV-CSA record that enables their servers.  You do not want this
accountability to be implied as you suggest.  

> [mailbox.dom] will suffer the consequences of doing something so dumb,
> if one of the 3 ISPs seriously fails keep their smtp servers from
> being used to spam using mailbox.dom. The domain will get blacklisted
> (in other words, its reputation will fall), and the spoofing will
> stop.

SPF requires the addresses of the entire mail channel.  It is odd that
you would call that dumb.  

> Of course, your other example:
> 
> >ehlo.dom spf cidr for self
>   
> may also lead to a poor reputation - someone in marketing might decide 
> to send a bunch of spam, get zombie-infected, etc., etc.  So CSV-tied 
> reputations won't be perfect either; it isn't reasonable to expect them 
> to be.  They just need to be reasonably secure.

You have missed the point of the example.  Attempting to use SPF records
for the dual purpose of creating an address list for the entire mail
channel versus an address list for just the MTA are not protected by way
of the label.  

> > A compromised host in one of the ISPs or even perhaps some clever shell
> > program issues EHLO with mailbox.dom rather than the intended ehlo.dom.
>
> Sorry, how is a clever shell program not in one of the ISPs going to get 
> away with this? (No BGP hack/bogon/break into mailbox.dom's server 
> scenarios, please!)

I said IN one of the ISPs.  You are leaving your reputation exposed by
allowing the EHLO domain to reference an SPF record.  A CSV-CSA record
has but one purpose and is of a much more limited scope.

<snip>
>
> > The rules that accept only closed SPF components still do not achieve a
> > goal of assessing only the administrator accountable.
>   
> The rules I am refining do achieve that goal. Arguably, they do so 
> better than CSV, because they'll work for most domains that haven't 
> bothered to set up a CSV record.  Heck, using the SPF 'best guess' may 
> be appropriate where there's no SPF or CSV record - the A&R system will 
> reflect reality if this guess allows much spam through.

I would hope it never comes to groping through various TXT script
records looking for a clue.  I understand what you are attempting, but
there are risks getting this wrong.  It is not worth the risk.

<snip>
>
> > Just removing open elements will not achieve the desired goal as it does
> > not provide the same set.
>   
> That's not a logical argument.  The ultimate desired goal is to address 
> the spam problem.  It may or may not be material to achievement of that 
> goal to get "the same set".

There are significant liabilities getting this wrong.    

> > SPF does not have the concept of administrative versus authorized. 
> > There is nothing in the syntax that would allow the differentiation.  In
> > addition, the EHLO name can express any label to select any record.
>   
> a record for aol.com is still differentiable from one for 
> dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com!

But either label may appear within the EHLO response.  You want a label
that can only be used for the single purpose of indicating the
administration of the MTA.  From this information, it is a small matter
to establish the mailbox-domain/mail-channel association.  The
mailbox-domain is too weak of an identifier for assessing reputations
however.  

> You hadn't provided an example.  Now you have.  Though I don't think
> it disproves this, as I argued above. The example has enabled us to
> better discuss specifics. 

Yes.

-Doug





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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
Date: Thu, 23 Sep 2004 12:36:39 +0200
To: Gordon Fecyk <gordonf@pan-am.ca>
Cc: "IETF MXCOMP (E-mail)" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: The Village Idiot's point of view (Re: The Crystal Ball Says...)
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Hi Gordon

On Wed, Sep 22, 2004 at 07:14:22PM -0500, Gordon Fecyk wrote:
> [...a lot of awkward but true and correct things]

Thanks for your comments, you're absolutely correct here.



> 6) Oh yes, let's not forget that there will be a fellow who will say that He
> Started It All and He Should Be Rich and He Will Sue Microsoft And SPFi for
> Stealing His Ideas and that The IETF Is Corrupt.[2]
> 
...
> [2] As much as I respect you Hadmut, for your gall and knowledge and sheer
> guts, blasting the IETF and raving like The Village Idiot throughout this
> process earned you that paragraph.  *I'M* supposed to be The Village
> Idiot!


Thanks for at least mentioning. 

Unfortunately, this point is correct as well. Except for the fact that
I didn't say I should be rich. I agree with you that I look like an
idiot, but I'd like to defend against that money argument.  If I
wanted to earn money I wouldn't have published it the way I did. This
was supposed to be open and available for everyone as many of those
IETF publications.


You certainly don't know why I developed RMX. Let me elaborate the
two reasons:

The first and simple reason was, that at that time I was flooded with 
thousands of bounce messages because some spammer used my domain 
danisch.de to forge the sender address. Since I worked on
organizational e-mail security since the mid-nineties, it was just the
consequence to develeop RMX. The records that had formerly been held
in a local database were moved to DNS, the same way /etc/hosts was
made public years before. I wanted to get rid of bounce messages.


But the more important reason was completely different. Germany is
suffering from a dramatic rise of corruption since the early
nineties. I was a scientist at the European Institute for System
Security (E.I.S.S.) at the University of Karlsruhe and wrote a
dissertation about communication security in 1997, finished in 
spring 1998. Unfortunately it became common at many germany
universities that an examiner demands money or other worthy services
for an examination or degree. This is completely unlawful and a crime
under german law, but it became reality. When I left the university
and took a job in industries, the examiner demanded that my employer
lets me work for him for about a year - for free, on the employer's
expense. When my employer and myself denied to pay that kind of 
protection money, the university denied the examination. I complained
to the ministry and they were forced to examine. They then 
rejected my dissertation with giving wrong technical opinions. 
I have proven that the examiner's reports are technically wrong and
that one examiner didn't even read the dissertation. I was successful
and won a lawsuit. 

Unfortunately, the university told me that they will keep me in an
endless loop: They'll give me one wrong opinion after another, and
whenever I succeed with a lawsuit, they'll just give me the next one
and let me start again.

How to escape from that loop? The german constitutional court had
stated in 1991, that you can't fail an examination (about your
profession) if your examination performance is "usable". 

I have secured the network of a nuclear power plant based on my
dissertation, but needed to have a more obvious proof that my
dissertation is "usable". It describes how to design security
mechanisms. When I was flooded with bounce messages and when 
my domain was heavily abused, I said that someone should do anything
against. - Wait a moment: I'm a security engineer myself and I just 
wrote a dissertation about how to deal with security threads. If my 
dissertation works, then it should be able to give a simple solution 
for that problem. I dropped in the problem and it spitted out RMX. 
I thought "Hey, this might be something which could convince a
court. Let's hope that the judges use e-mail and are themselves 
annoyed by spam, so they will understand the problem and the solution"

That's why I wrote the first RMX draft. It was meant to be a proof of 
concept of my dissertation for the court and the university. This was
not about money, this was just about the label "invented by Danisch" 
to have something as that proof of concept. And yes, I feel bitterness
because of the way I was treated, the way RMX was plagiarized, and
when I am blamed for plagiarizing SPF as RMX (or even beeing blamed
for writing RMX at all, thus disturbing the development).

Now turning this into "the idiot who wants to be rich" is quite
nasty and evil.


My intention has never been to get any rich with that (although I 
spent a lot of my private money even when I was unemployed and hoped
to get at least some compensation of my own expenses by those who
would save millions by getting rid of spam).

But my intention has neither been to pay the development of my own 
expense that others earn money, make patents and marketing, save 
millions of dollar.


And I admit that I am very disappointed, annoyed, and to some degree
filled with bitterness. And it was a long process to get there,
starting in spring 2003:

- From the very beginning of ASRG I have been personally attacked just
  because of the idea to invent some kind of
  authentication/authorization into e-mail.

- The ASRG group had been abused by its first chair to put himself 
  in front of the camera, suppressing any progress in technical 
  development, especially if it didn't meet his personal marketing 
  plans.

- I was chased away from ASRG, and then called back to help in 
  development (to the ASRG-RMX-List) just to learn that I was supposed
  to do the work while others gave interviews to the press telling
  that they did all that stuff.


- I was attacked from the so called "open source community" who blamed
  me for not doing proper marketing. It would be my own fault if that
  idea was relabled and reauthored. 

  Sorry, but that doesn't meet my idea of open source protocol
  development. At least I learned that there are pickpockets 
  both at the cathedral and the bazaar. 


- I then was attacked in the way that RMX was bullshit because it 
  required a new DNS RR type and that for this reason SPF was
  superior. Lateron I saw that SPF was said to be even more superior
  because it now would get a new RR type.

  Ironically, neither RMX nor SPF do depend on having or not having a
  new RR type. That's just a minor implementation detail, but only few
  people had the engineering and security skills to know that. 


- I also was told that RMX is bad design because it verified the 
  envelope sender (of course, it was designed to also stop those
  bounce messages).

  I was told that other methods are better because they do not 
  verify the envelope sender (and thus do not stop those bounce
  messages). And when Microsoft came with their patent, it was
  proposed to verify the MAIL FROM. Hooray. 



Beyond the fact of authorship, invention, and naming, this all caused
a delay of development of about a year. Without that SPF/MARID circus 
it would have become an RFC about a year ago. First make an RFC and
then the marketing hype would have been the better approach. The time
delay was what allowed Microsoft to get the patent foot in the door. 


From my (idiot's) point of view, it was exactly the way the ASRG and 
MARID groups were chaired and the way the marketing was done which
caused the confusion and the delay which finally defeated it all. 
This could never work and it was obvious from the early days. 


If you leave me the choice between those two roles, between those who 
crashed that whole thing by incompetence, commercial attitude, and 
abusive propaganda, and that idiot who was raving and not agreeing
with all that, well, I do not feel too uncomfortable with that idiot's
role. I'm happy with the fact that I did not agree with that all. 


Maybe you know a little bit about european history. In the dark middle
age, a long time before the USA existed, it was common at the king's
courts to have a person known as the joker, fool, idiot. He was
wearing funny clothes and not respected, everyone was laughing 
at hime.

Actually, everyone had to dance around the golden calw, had to bow and
to lie to please the king. This "Hoffnarr" (joker/fool/idiot) was the
only one who told the truth and didn't have to bow or to lie. He was
the only one who could sit or stand in presence of the king. While
wrapped in funny clothes and playing the idiot, he actually was one of
the most important and most sapient advisor of the king.

And, btw, the word "idiot" comes from ancient greek and just means 
"a private person". I'd like to emphasize that in contrast to most of
those who defeated MARID, I was indeed here as a private person,
speaking for myself and not bound to commerical interests. So in that
ancient greek sense of the word "idiot",  I do attach importance to
the fact that I am suche a private person. This ist much more honest.


I hope that those who delayed and caused that all will get happy with
the amounts of spam in their mailbox.


regards
Hadmut (the village idiot)

PS: After the university I was working for Xlink, first german
internet provider, which became KPNQwest, which was hosting Strato, a
major domain provider. We were hosting millions of domains, their web
servers and mail relays. Unfortunatley, KPNQwest went bankrupt in
2002. If KPNQwest would have survived, I would have had the perfect
experimental platform and could have invented RMX with some millions
of domains just by a finger snip. SPF, CallerID and SenderID would
never have existed if KPNQwest hadn't gone bankrupt.












  








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wayne wrote:

>I would also like the many participants here who dug up actual data
>and facts, the basis of which all engineering is done.  Yakov
>Shafranovich and Margret Olson immediately jump to mind, but I know
>I'm missing some people.  I would like to thank Meng, Mark and Eric
>for their work on the drafts.
>  
>
You are welcome! And I appreciated your contribution as well - you are 
always focused on the problem at hand rather than the many peripheral 
issues.

Margaret.



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> > CSV is a solution based on two methods: CSA vs. DNA.
>  CSV is a suite of specifications that also includes DNA.


The assertion that there is a "versus" between CSA and DNA is quite 
simply wrong.  

Anyone not clear about the roles and functions of components in the the 
CSA specification is strongly encouraged to asked detailed questions 
about them.  That way, we will know what needs to be changed in the 
specifications, to improve their clarity.


> >  The EHLO/MAIL FROM validation is
> > useless if RCPT TO is invalid.
>
>  CSV allows the construction of name based relationships to relate
>  mailbox domains with the mail channel, as example, without requiring
>  subsequent lookups.  

Invalid Rcpt-to?  I suspect that was meant to refer to RFC2821.mailfrom. 

In any event, the RFC2821.helo/ehlo parameter is is per-session and is 
used to validate the OPERATOR OF THE MTA.  The other SMTP parameters are 
per-message.  MailFrom validation mechanisms pertain to the SENDER OF 
THE MESSAGE.

These are entirely different entities, and validating each of them has 
entirely different benefits.



d/
--
Dave Crocker  <mailto:dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
Brandenburg InternetWorking  <http://brandenburg.com>






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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@ox.org>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Re: WG to close ; Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new revisions) 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 22 Sep 2004 20:44:21 PDT."
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Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> A technical review was not something SPF/Sender-ID advocates
> desired.

  In professional fora, it is entirely inappropriate to make
assertions about other people's desires, capabilities, and the like.

> SMTP is a well crafted battle-scarred solution with a few odd bits
> broken.

  It does not warrant calling an infrastructure with a 30-year history
'broken'.

  Alan DeKok.



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Subject: Re: WG to close ;  Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF?
	(new revisions)
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
Cc: MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-23 at 07:50, Dave Crocker wrote:
> > > CSV is a solution based on two methods: CSA vs. DNA.
> >  CSV is a suite of specifications that also includes DNA.
> 
> The assertion that there is a "versus" between CSA and DNA is quite 
> simply wrong.  
> 
> Anyone not clear about the roles and functions of components in the the 
> CSA specification is strongly encouraged to asked detailed questions 
> about them.  That way, we will know what needs to be changed in the 
> specifications, to improve their clarity.
> 
> > >  The EHLO/MAIL FROM validation is
> > > useless if RCPT TO is invalid.
> >
> >  CSV allows the construction of name based relationships to relate
> >  mailbox domains with the mail channel, as example, without requiring
> >  subsequent lookups.  
> 
> Invalid Rcpt-to?  I suspect that was meant to refer to RFC2821.mailfrom. 

Hector was describing a decision tree where, of course, there would be
no point checking beyond the obvious.  The message will be rejected due
to the bad recipient. 

> In any event, the RFC2821.helo/ehlo parameter is is per-session and is 
> used to validate the OPERATOR OF THE MTA.  The other SMTP parameters are 
> per-message.  MailFrom validation mechanisms pertain to the SENDER OF 
> THE MESSAGE.

Sorry, this is my fault for not being explicit with these references. 
CSV only validates the operator of the MTA.  With this operator name
established, it allows a safe construction of a name based relationship
of the mailbox-domain association with a mail channel.  This can be
something as simple as a name list.

>From the standpoint of a reputation service, this information is of
little use, but for those wishing to improve operations of a mail
filter, as I think Hector was describing, such information is helpful. 
This type of enhancement is what SPF et al aspires to achieve.  I was
simply attempting to point out some of the additional advantages CSV
offered to help achieve their goal safely.  There should be a symbolic
relationship achieving these two goals.

CSV does not do MailFrom, From, or PRA validation.  CSV simply makes
MailFrom, From or PRA validation safer. 

> These are entirely different entities, and validating each of them has 
> entirely different benefits.

I can not agree more.  

-Doug



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Subject: Re: WG to close ; Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new
	revisions)
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Alan DeKok <aland@ox.org>
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-23 at 09:03, Alan DeKok wrote:
> Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org> wrote:
> > A technical review was not something SPF/Sender-ID advocates
> > desired.
> 
>   In professional fora, it is entirely inappropriate to make
> assertions about other people's desires, capabilities, and the like.

You are right.  You were willing to engage in these discussions and I
should not have made such a generalization.  Sorry, my frustration was
showing in this statement.

> > SMTP is a well crafted battle-scarred solution with a few odd bits
> > broken.
> 
>   It does not warrant calling an infrastructure with a 30-year history
> 'broken'.

I don't think this sentence was describing SMTP as broken in a broad
sense, meaning it does not work.  There are aspects within SMTP that are
broken.  It is safe to describe excusing an authentication failure of
the EHLO name as broken.  I view this piece of information is analogous
to the post-mark on a letter, as it tells you where the message was
sorted for delivery.  Currently this information is often bogus owing to
RFC2821 permissions.

-Doug



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From: "Hector Santos" <hsantos@santronics.com>
To: "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, "MXCOMP" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
References: <200492375043.155918@bbprime>
Subject: Re: WG to close ;  Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new revisions)
Date: Thu, 23 Sep 2004 17:53:46 -0400
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Dave Crocker" <dhc@dcrocker.net>
To: "MXCOMP" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Thursday, September 23, 2004 10:50 AM
Subject: Re: WG to close ; Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new
revisions)


> > > CSV is a solution based on two methods: CSA vs. DNA.
> >  CSV is a suite of specifications that also includes DNA.
>
> The assertion that there is a "versus" between CSA and DNA is quite
> simply wrong.

I assert the lookup method needs to be refined.

Let me clarify.

As it relates to CSV,  there are two distinctly different concepts in the
total paradigm of trust.  Overhead, wasted DNAs for example when in fact the
exposed client domain name was illegal.  You only need to do a accreditation
lookup if CSA result is positive (passes).   However, your lookup method
requires a DNA lookup first.

> Anyone not clear about the roles and functions of components in the the
> CSA specification is strongly encouraged to asked detailed questions
> about them.  That way, we will know what needs to be changed in the
> specifications, to improve their clarity.

The point is that the specification is well understood.  You are trying to
implement a total product, but the product parts doesn't fit well in
practical opertions.  The "parts" of the product have conflicts as it fits
into the total model.   If it did not, it would of been adopted long ago.

> > >  The EHLO/MAIL FROM validation is
> > > useless if RCPT TO is invalid.
> >
> >  CSV allows the construction of name based relationships to relate
> >  mailbox domains with the mail channel, as example, without requiring
> >  subsequent lookups.
>
> Invalid Rcpt-to?  I suspect that was meant to refer to RFC2821.mailfrom.

No Dave, I 100% meant the forwarding address RCPT-TO.  If it is invalid,
everything else doesn't matter. It is wasted overhead to perform expensive
DNS based validation.  This is 100% proven to the the case in the spam world
with an average of 35% reduction in EHLO/MAILFROM validation requirements.

> In any event, the RFC2821.helo/ehlo parameter is is per-session and is
> used to validate the OPERATOR OF THE MTA.  The other SMTP parameters are
> per-message.  MailFrom validation mechanisms pertain to the SENDER OF
> THE MESSAGE.

> These are entirely different entities, and validating each of them has
> entirely different benefits.

The entities 2821.EHLO/HELO, 2821.MAILFROM, including 2821.RCPTTO are SMTP
transport parameters and are all involved in the total equation
validation/trust paradigm at the transport level.  Until you recognize this,
your proposals impose wasted overhead in systems.

Your proposal (as well as others) all are designed on the presumption that
the 2821.RCPTO forwarding address is valid and that the payload will be
acceptable.  The presumption is weak in the today's real world of anti-spam
operational requirements.

See RFC 2821 Section 3.3:

| 3.3 Mail Transactions
|
|    .....
|
|   .............  Despite the apparent
|   scope of this requirement, there are circumstances in which the
|   acceptability of the reverse-path may not be determined until one or
|   more forward-paths (in RCPT commands) can be examined.  In those
|   cases, the server MAY reasonably accept the reverse-path (with a 250
|   reply) and then report problems after the forward-paths are received
|   and examined.  Normally, failures produce 550 or 553 replies.

This is probably the most powerful concepts in RFC 2821 for anti-spam
operations.  It opens the door for Mail From Validation and it offers
performance enhancement and overhead reductionn.  We are probably among the
first, if the the only product in the market to have implemented this
recommendation.

There is no way on earth we will add anything else to break this excellent
mode of anti-spam oepration.

Learn from REAL Deployments in the market place.


Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep 23 21:29:19 2004
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Subject: Re: WG to close ;  Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF?
	(new revisions)
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Hector Santos <hsantos@santronics.com>
Cc: MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Thu, 2004-09-23 at 14:53, Hector Santos wrote:
> On Thu, 2004-09-23 at 10:50, "Dave Crocker" <dhc@dcrocker.net> wrote: 
>
> > > > CSV is a solution based on two methods: CSA vs. DNA.
> > >
> > > CSV is a suite of specifications that also includes DNA.
> >
> > The assertion that there is a "versus" between CSA and DNA is quite
> > simply wrong.
> 
> I assert the lookup method needs to be refined.
> 
> Let me clarify.
> 
> As it relates to CSV,  there are two distinctly different concepts in the
> total paradigm of trust.  Overhead, wasted DNAs for example when in fact the
> exposed client domain name was illegal.  You only need to do a accreditation
> lookup if CSA result is positive (passes).   However, your lookup method
> requires a DNA lookup first.

To reduce time expended validating a session, simultaneous queries could
be made for the CSV-CSA record and likely, (at least in the early stages
of deployment) an rhsbl and rbl list server.  With the exception of the
CSV-CSA record, these queries would be to known servers.  For large
ISPs, a majority of these names will be already known and placed within
a protected category as part of a business model.  The remainder will
not have established a local reputation and will require a check against
the name or address for ongoing abuse.

The use of a name helps track histories of the entity better than just
an address and allows them a freedom to change addresses with less
concern about having the IP address previously blacklisted, as the rhsbl
should supersede the rbl.

Use of DNA will likely come somewhat later as the adoption rate
increases.  The use of a reputation service is not needed for there to
be a value in validating the EHLO domain.  If this validated name is
made visible to the user, then just this alone helps thwart spoofing and
phishing.   So without any reputation service, there remains features
that you should find useful.

1) The ability to safely relate the mailbox-domain with the
   mail-channel. (No reputation service needed.)

2) The ability to discourage spoofing and phishing attacks.
   (No reputation service needed.)  

Should there be a crime, this identity indicates which logs need to be
discovered.  And of course, the use of CSV provides an identity strong
enough to permit a name based reputation service that can both open or
close the door.

> > Anyone not clear about the roles and functions of components in the the
> > CSA specification is strongly encouraged to asked detailed questions
> > about them.  That way, we will know what needs to be changed in the
> > specifications, to improve their clarity.
> 
> The point is that the specification is well understood.  You are trying to
> implement a total product, but the product parts doesn't fit well in
> practical operations.  The "parts" of the product have conflicts as it fits
> into the total model.   If it did not, it would of been adopted long ago.

I wonder how many things would fall into that category.

> > > >  The EHLO/MAIL FROM validation is useless if RCPT TO is invalid.
> > >
> > >  CSV allows the construction of name based relationships to relate
> > >  mailbox domains with the mail channel, as example, without requiring
> > >  subsequent lookups.
> >
> > Invalid Rcpt-to?  I suspect that was meant to refer to RFC2821.mailfrom.
> 
> No Dave, I 100% meant the forwarding address RCPT-TO.  If it is invalid,
> everything else doesn't matter. It is wasted overhead to perform expensive
> DNS based validation.  This is 100% proven to the the case in the spam world
> with an average of 35% reduction in EHLO/MAILFROM validation requirements.

I understand what you are saying, but I don't see how this relates to a
comparison of differing techniques.

> > In any event, the RFC2821.helo/ehlo parameter is is per-session and is
> > used to validate the OPERATOR OF THE MTA.  The other SMTP parameters are
> > per-message.  MailFrom validation mechanisms pertain to the SENDER OF
> > THE MESSAGE.
> 
> > These are entirely different entities, and validating each of them has
> > entirely different benefits.
> 
> The entities 2821.EHLO/HELO, 2821.MAILFROM, including 2821.RCPTTO are SMTP
> transport parameters and are all involved in the total equation
> validation/trust paradigm at the transport level.  Until you recognize
> this, your proposals impose wasted overhead in systems.

Most will attempt to compress the time it takes to handle a message to
permit resources to be freed to handle the next message.  Comparing CSV
(even together with a name list) against SPF et al lookups offers a
dramatic improvement with respect to overhead.  Should the EHLO fail
validation and cause a rejection, then little has been wasted in terms
of either time or bandwidth.  That is not true with SPF et al as the
number of record lookups may be very large, whereas the same information
is now available within a single name list.

> Your proposal (as well as others) all are designed on the presumption that
> the 2821.RCPTO forwarding address is valid and that the payload will be
> acceptable.  The presumption is weak in the today's real world of anti-spam
> operational requirements.

If this is true, then holding off these checks still costs less than the
alternatives.  Wide spread adoption of CSV will not cause additional
lookups over today's efforts to validate EHLO.

> See RFC 2821 Section 3.3:
> 
> | 3.3 Mail Transactions
> |   .............  Despite the apparent
> |   scope of this requirement, there are circumstances in which the
> |   acceptability of the reverse-path may not be determined until one or
> |   more forward-paths (in RCPT commands) can be examined.  In those
> |   cases, the server MAY reasonably accept the reverse-path (with a 250
> |   reply) and then report problems after the forward-paths are received
> |   and examined.  Normally, failures produce 550 or 553 replies.
> 
> This is probably the most powerful concepts in RFC 2821 for anti-spam
> operations.  It opens the door for Mail From Validation and it offers
> performance enhancement and overhead reduction.  We are probably among the
> first, if the only product in the market to have implemented this
> recommendation.
> 
> There is no way on earth we will add anything else to break this excellent
> mode of anti-spam operation.
> 
> Learn from REAL Deployments in the market place.

How these checks are staged seem immaterial to the value of these
checks.  If various extended services depend upon name validation prior
to running other processes, then publishing these records becomes just
an extremely minor cost of doing business.  The cost of these records
also requires far less maintenance as well, as they are name based and
not address based.  (The address generation is automated.) : )

-Doug



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> Attached you will find a survey that Marcos Sanz and I did of com,
> net, and de.


I've had a couple of requests for more raw data about what TXT records
are out there and SPF records in particular.  So, I've finished up a
couple of surveys and lightly munged the data to keep spammers from
collecting domain names.  You can find the raw data at:

http://www.midwestcs.com/spf/surveys/

The "spammerlist" files are the domains found in a spammers list of
email addresses.  There were about 1.3 million unqiue domain names
used by the spammer.  The list was old when I got it about a year and
a half ago and the spammer never bothered to clean up obviously bogus
domain names, so the actual number of valid domain names is much less
than 1.3 million, maybe as few as 500k.  I have not bothered to clean
up the list because I use it for testing SPF stuff.  Even if the email
addresses have bogus domains, I expect spammers to send email claiming
to be from them so I need to make sure that my SPF system can deal
with them.

Files ending in "spf" are the unique SPF records found.  Files ending
in "txt" are summaries of the TXT records found.


Let me know if you have questions.


-wayne



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On Thu, 23 Sep 2004, Hector Santos wrote:
>
> We are probably among the first, if the the only product in the market
> to have implemented this recommendation.

Exim has always worked in this way, i.e. accept the MAIL FROM command
unconditionally and perform all the checks after RCPT TO. The order in
which the checks are performed is immaterial except from the efficiency
point of view.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
LOUGH FOYLE TO CARLINGFORD LOUGH: NORTHWEST 4 BACKING WEST OR SOUTHWEST 4 OR 5
LATER IN DAY. FAIR DURING DAY, RAIN TONIGHT. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE. SLIGHT OR
MODERATE.



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Subject: Re: by the numbers
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 2004 08:21:12 -0400
Organization: Santronics Software, Inc.
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Based on these numbers, the item of interest was the growth rate:

Between 4/20 and 9/12, you had a growth rate of 68 new SPF spammers per day.

This is just with two states, so it would be interesting to see the
acceleration with more collection points.  I suggest a weekly or monthly
collection to see this pattern.

Nevertheless, overall, its not good to see this, especially, if that rate
does not go down over time.  However, fortunately, in my analysis, most
systems experience a segment of the spammer base.  In other words, I'm only
the basically the same systems or same pattern of systems using spoofs.

What I find extremely interesting is that these systems don't seem to be
learning from a programmatic standpoint, only administratively by adding the
domains.  In other words,  my rejects are pretty constant with the same
information, over and over and over again.  They might go away for a few
days or week, but soon enough they are back with the same type of
information that gets them rejected.

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office



----- Original Message -----
From: "wayne" <wayne@midwestcs.com>
To: "IETF MARID WG" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:46 PM
Subject: Re: by the numbers


>
> > Attached you will find a survey that Marcos Sanz and I did of com,
> > net, and de.
>
>
> I've had a couple of requests for more raw data about what TXT records
> are out there and SPF records in particular.  So, I've finished up a
> couple of surveys and lightly munged the data to keep spammers from
> collecting domain names.  You can find the raw data at:
>
> http://www.midwestcs.com/spf/surveys/
>
> The "spammerlist" files are the domains found in a spammers list of
> email addresses.  There were about 1.3 million unqiue domain names
> used by the spammer.  The list was old when I got it about a year and
> a half ago and the spammer never bothered to clean up obviously bogus
> domain names, so the actual number of valid domain names is much less
> than 1.3 million, maybe as few as 500k.  I have not bothered to clean
> up the list because I use it for testing SPF stuff.  Even if the email
> addresses have bogus domains, I expect spammers to send email claiming
> to be from them so I need to make sure that my SPF system can deal
> with them.
>
> Files ending in "spf" are the unique SPF records found.  Files ending
> in "txt" are summaries of the TXT records found.
>
>
> Let me know if you have questions.
>
>
> -wayne
>
>




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[top posting fixed]

In <000d01c4a231$3c5e3280$6401a8c0@hdev1> "Hector Santos" <hsantos@santronics.com> writes:

> "wayne" <wayne@midwestcs.com> wrote:
>
>> The "spammerlist" files are the domains found in a spammers list of
>> email addresses.  There were about 1.3 million unqiue domain names
>> used by the spammer.  [...]
>
> Based on these numbers, the item of interest was the growth rate:
>
> Between 4/20 and 9/12, you had a growth rate of 68 new SPF spammers per day.

The "spammerlist" is not a list of spammers, but a list of email
addresses used by at least one spammer.  Or, are saying that "SPF
spammers" are people who publish open SPF records or something?


-wayne



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: by the numbers
Date: Fri, 24 Sep 2004 11:36:48 -0400
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On Sep 23, 2004, at 9:46 PM, wayne wrote:

> Let me know if you have questions.

No question, just a comment:  absolutely great stuff!

-andy



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On Sep 22, 2004, at 9:36 PM, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

> Those arguing that the ITU take over responsibility for Internet
> standards will probably cite this result as evidence.


FUD!

-andy



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
Subject: Re: MARID to close
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On Sep 22, 2004, at 5:21 PM, Markley, Mike wrote:

> Should this be construed to mean that there's still the hope and
> intention to someday producing a standards-track RFC for IP-based 
> sender
> authentication?

Absolutely.

-andy



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In-Reply-To: <018f01c4a1b8$01947f20$6401a8c0@hdev1> "from Hector Santos at Sep
 23, 2004 05:53:46 pm"
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Hector Santos:
> See RFC 2821 Section 3.3:
> 
> | 3.3 Mail Transactions
> |
> |    .....
> |
> |   .............  Despite the apparent
> |   scope of this requirement, there are circumstances in which the
> |   acceptability of the reverse-path may not be determined until one or
> |   more forward-paths (in RCPT commands) can be examined.  In those
> |   cases, the server MAY reasonably accept the reverse-path (with a 250
> |   reply) and then report problems after the forward-paths are received
> |   and examined.  Normally, failures produce 550 or 553 replies.
> 
> This is probably the most powerful concepts in RFC 2821 for anti-spam
> operations.  It opens the door for Mail From Validation and it offers
> performance enhancement and overhead reductionn.  We are probably among the
> first, if the the only product in the market to have implemented this
> recommendation.

The Postfix MTA does this by default since 19990510 (May 10, 1999),
according to the day-to-day log.

	Wietse



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> From: Andrew Newton [mailto:andy@hxr.us]
> On Sep 22, 2004, at 9:36 PM, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> 
> > Those arguing that the ITU take over responsibility for Internet
> > standards will probably cite this result as evidence.
> 
> FUD!

But possibly effective FUD. As I said to Harald after the plenary where
this was mentioned, what exactly do the ITU imagine that they would
do if they managed to take over the IETF? Who do they think would listen?
 



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Great.  Thanks for the feedback.

What sort of 2821.MailFrom validation was PostFIX doing back in 99?

So we have:

Exim SMTP server
PostFix SMTP server
WIldcat! SMTP server

all doing MAIL FROM delayed validation.  How about SendMail?

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office



----- Original Message -----
From: "Wietse Venema" <wietse@porcupine.org>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Sent: Friday, September 24, 2004 12:26 PM
Subject: Re: WG to close ; Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new
revisions)


>
> Hector Santos:
> > See RFC 2821 Section 3.3:
> >
> > | 3.3 Mail Transactions
> > |
> > |    .....
> > |
> > |   .............  Despite the apparent
> > |   scope of this requirement, there are circumstances in which the
> > |   acceptability of the reverse-path may not be determined until one or
> > |   more forward-paths (in RCPT commands) can be examined.  In those
> > |   cases, the server MAY reasonably accept the reverse-path (with a 250
> > |   reply) and then report problems after the forward-paths are received
> > |   and examined.  Normally, failures produce 550 or 553 replies.
> >
> > This is probably the most powerful concepts in RFC 2821 for anti-spam
> > operations.  It opens the door for Mail From Validation and it offers
> > performance enhancement and overhead reductionn.  We are probably among
the
> > first, if the the only product in the market to have implemented this
> > recommendation.
>
> The Postfix MTA does this by default since 19990510 (May 10, 1999),
> according to the day-to-day log.
>
>  Wietse
>
>




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 "from Hallam-Baker, Phillip at Sep 24, 2004 09:44:48 am"
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Hallam-Baker, Phillip:
> 
> > From: Andrew Newton [mailto:andy@hxr.us]
> > On Sep 22, 2004, at 9:36 PM, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> > 
> > > Those arguing that the ITU take over responsibility for Internet
> > > standards will probably cite this result as evidence.
> > 
> > FUD!
> 
> But possibly effective FUD. As I said to Harald after the plenary where
> this was mentioned, what exactly do the ITU imagine that they would
> do if they managed to take over the IETF? Who do they think would listen?

Perhaps the non-trivial portion of Internet providers that are
affiliated with or part of a telecom provider, other technology
producing organizations that are represented in ITU, and the
governments of the 189 ITU member states.

	Wietse



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>But possibly effective FUD. As I said to Harald after the plenary
>where this was mentioned, what exactly do the ITU imagine that they
>would do if they managed to take over the IETF? Who do they think
>would listen?

Based on conversations with people at and since the ITU WSIS spam
meeting in Geneva, the ITU has no interest whatsoever in taking over
the IETF.  They got burned on X.400 and they thoroughly understand
both how hard it is to make data network standards and why it is not
in their interest to do so for the TCP/IP world.

They would like to stay in closer touch so that they can recommend to
their government members that they implement relevant IETF standards
and the like.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
http://www.taugh.com




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On Sep 21, 2004, at 8:52 PM, wayne wrote:

> If you could, I would greatly appreciate any info about these mailing
> lists.

Just a correction.  I was mistaken.  All but one rewrite MAIL FROM.  I 
think I was thinking of something else.

-andy



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Hector Santos wrote:
> Great.  Thanks for the feedback.
> 
> What sort of 2821.MailFrom validation was PostFIX doing back in 99?
> 
> So we have:
> 
> Exim SMTP server
> PostFix SMTP server
> WIldcat! SMTP server
> 
> all doing MAIL FROM delayed validation.  How about SendMail?

Sendmail does it if the delay_checks feature is enabled. I don't think
it's enabled by default.



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According to internal records here, it was in sendmail 8.10, released
3/1/00.

-Rand

On Fri, 24 Sep 2004, Hector Santos wrote:

> Great.  Thanks for the feedback.
>
> What sort of 2821.MailFrom validation was PostFIX doing back in 99?
>
> So we have:
>
> Exim SMTP server
> PostFix SMTP server
> WIldcat! SMTP server
>
> all doing MAIL FROM delayed validation.  How about SendMail?
>
> Sincerely,
>
> Hector Santos, CTO
> Santronics Software, Inc.
> http://www.santronics.com
> 305-431-2846 Cell
> 305-248-3204 Office
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Wietse Venema" <wietse@porcupine.org>
> To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
> Sent: Friday, September 24, 2004 12:26 PM
> Subject: Re: WG to close ; Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with SPF? (new
> revisions)
>
>
> >
> > Hector Santos:
> > > See RFC 2821 Section 3.3:
> > >
> > > | 3.3 Mail Transactions
> > > |
> > > |    .....
> > > |
> > > |   .............  Despite the apparent
> > > |   scope of this requirement, there are circumstances in which the
> > > |   acceptability of the reverse-path may not be determined until one or
> > > |   more forward-paths (in RCPT commands) can be examined.  In those
> > > |   cases, the server MAY reasonably accept the reverse-path (with a 250
> > > |   reply) and then report problems after the forward-paths are received
> > > |   and examined.  Normally, failures produce 550 or 553 replies.
> > >
> > > This is probably the most powerful concepts in RFC 2821 for anti-spam
> > > operations.  It opens the door for Mail From Validation and it offers
> > > performance enhancement and overhead reductionn.  We are probably among
> the
> > > first, if the the only product in the market to have implemented this
> > > recommendation.
> >
> > The Postfix MTA does this by default since 19990510 (May 10, 1999),
> > according to the day-to-day log.
> >
> >  Wietse
> >
> >
>
>
>



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Sat Sep 25 00:10:23 2004
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> 3) Optional: Rewrite SMTP 2821
> 
> unless the MARID group gets the IETF-SMTP involved,  it will be
> a tough climb to reach the common goals we are all looking for
> success across the board.   We need to recognize that the old
> design philosophy in SMTP 2821, a "relaxed internet spirit
> required for wide deployment with less
> emphasis with security" no longer applies today.

I'm a newcomer to the IETF and I've observed this snobbish attitude right
from the first day I stepped into the the Lotte Hotel in Seoul[1].  That of
the SMTP working group, I mean, and while Hector didn't mention them, the DNS
working group too.

"This fundamentaly changes the semantics of X," was a favorite line
throughout this process.  There are a few in this group who represent this
thought who I will refer to as The Old Guard.

Mitch Kapor, of Lotus 1-2-3 fame and co-founder of the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, made opinions of The Old Guard clear to the author of The Hacker
Crackdown (1992 Bantam Books) during an interview:

"You go tell a hardware hacker that everyone should have a node on the
Internet, and the first thing they'll tell you is: 'IP doesn't scale.' The
answer is: Evolve the protocol!   Get smart people together and figure out
what to do.  Do we add [identification]? Do we add protocol?  Don't just say
'we can't do it.'"

The Old Guard tells us We Can't Do It and then goes to extreme lengths to
prove why.  I say: B***S***.  I'll bet Tim Berners-Lee thought that, and the
result is the World Wide Web.  We have The Old Guard saying that we can't do
X in DNS, we can't do Y in SMTP.

Even though it was done.

We have Bob Atkinson telling me his company's software can't do X in DNS even
though folks here proved him wrong.  And it didn't even require rewriting
DNS.

Earlier proposals worked entirely within existing DNS and SMTP framework,
even if they did change some semantics in SMTP and made some DNS old farts
turn up their noses.  They still worked within the system to the system's
specifications.

Yet they were rejected based on semantics.  Outdated semantics, I might add,
based on an Internet where it was assumed all communication was wanted and
requested.

To Mitch Kapor, "...this is the snobbery of the people on the Mayflower
looking down their noses at the people who came over [to the New World] on
the _second boat!_"

By what right do you, The Old Guard, have to look down your noses at folks
like me?  Like Meng?  Like Hadmut?  Like Raymond?  Criticism ("Where's the
debugger?") is one thing, but you went beyond mere criticism to outright
denial.

As for the patent issues, I believe "Chairman Bill" and his pack of
cartooneys can stand a lesson on where they came from.  That goes for you
guys, Harry, Bob, and the others whose names grace certain patent
applications.  You all came on The Second Boat looking down at us coming on
the third, pretending that the Mayflower didn't exist.  Or that the first
boat infringed on your patents.  Or something stupid like that.

[1] During the second English keynote speech which I'll call the "Don't Try
This At Home" speech, the speaker took an unnecessary stab at Microsoft Word
as being a security risk for allowing active content in a document.  I didn't
hear any chuckles from the audience and I'm not surprised - not only was the
presentation B-O-R-I-N-G, it was demeaning, disrespectful to the audience and
disrespectful to "the folks on the second boat" who produced MS Word they way
they did Because Their Customers Asked For It.[2]  I took a moment to try to
bring this to light to the speaker afterward.  I made my first enemy in the
IETF and it was only my first day on site.

[2] Users keep demanding functionality with little or no regard to security.
That's not Microsoft's fault.
<http://www.vmyths.com/rant.cfm?id=376&page=4>

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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The following was sent to a large list of various interested parties,
and is forwarded here by request:

Subject:  Sender ID Update & Plans

Dear John,

Over the past few months there have been several developments with the
IETF and the status of the Sender ID Framework.  The following mail is
intended to provide clarify to the status and Microsoft's
implementation plans.

After discussion with the IETF MARID chairs, we jointly agreed to move
forward with a proposal that provides implementers the choice of
utilizing PRA or MAIL FROM for the Sender ID check mechanism.  While
the working group has recently shut down, we continue to work with the
chairs and key stakeholders to move forward.  Based on these recent
discussions we have agreed to insure backward compatibility to SPF1
records.  We believe this will help accelerate adoption for the early
adapters and insure the majority of e-mail senders do not have to make
any record changes.  We anticipate these revised Sender ID specs will
be published within the next week and posted at
www.microsoft.com/senderid.

While we would have preferred a single technical mechanism as the
standard, we believe the specification to allow multiple scopes in the
protocol is a reasonable approach, providing choice and flexibility. 
For Microsoft's implementation, we continue to move forward to utilize
the PRA check because it examines header information in email, which
we believe, provides a more reliable method to detect forged mail and
phishing attempts.  We also believe it will be easier for forwarders
and other email intermediaries to adapt their practices and software
to Sender ID.  Later this fall Microsoft plans to publish both records
for our customers, but will only be utilizing the PRA check for our
customers.

I would also like to clarify several misstatements pertaining to our
license and patents.  From the onset, Microsoft has confirmed that any
potential patent rights that Microsoft may eventually be granted will
be provided to all users, implementers and distributors of the Sender
ID specification under Microsoft's royalty free license. Microsoft
will not revoke its offer to extend this license to anyone now and in
perpetuity. The information disclosed by Microsoft regarding its
patent applications and its license terms meet and exceed the IETF
requirements for such disclosure.

Moving forward, Microsoft will continue to invest in research to
combat spam and phishing.  Innovation and investments in these
technologies are paramount to insure the reliability and
deliverability of e-mail, confidence in online commence and to protect
the brand and reputations of businesses throughout the world.

In summary, I want to assure you that Microsoft remains committed to
Sender ID.  We look forward to continuing our collaboration with [   
] to help move this important authentication protocol forward.

If you have any questions or concerns, please don't hesitate to call.

Craig Spiezle
Microsoft Corporation
Director, Safety Technology and Strategy Group



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 (forwarded by request)
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> I would also like to clarify several misstatements pertaining to our
> license and patents.  From the onset, Microsoft has confirmed that any
> potential patent rights that Microsoft may eventually be granted will
> be provided to all users, implementers and distributors of the Sender
> ID specification under Microsoft's royalty free license. Microsoft
> will not revoke its offer to extend this license to anyone now and in
> perpetuity.
...
>
> In summary, I want to assure you that Microsoft remains committed to
> Sender ID.
...
> Craig Spiezle
> Microsoft Corporation
> Director, Safety Technology and Strategy Group



Hmm, too bad they weren't committed enough to make the license 
sub-licenseable.  That's a key component of open source.  MS really needs 
to work harder to get their lawyers to do the right thing, or else clarify 
that "all users, implementers and distributors" isn't meant to include open 
source implementers and distributors.

--
Greg Connor <gconnor@nekodojo.org>



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From: John Leslie <john@jlc.net>
To: Hector Santos <hsantos@santronics.com>
Cc: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: "Wasted" CSV-DNA lookups
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Hector Santos <hsantos@santronics.com> wrote:
> 
> I assert the lookup method needs to be refined.

   Hector seems to be reacting to the "Overview" section in

http://www.jlc.net/MARID/CSV/draft-ietf-marid-csv-intro-01.html

   This overview is there because people complained they didn't understand
how to use CSV. It is _an_ example. Please note there isn't a single
"MUST" in the entire Overview.

   In fact, there are rather few "MUST"s in the entire CSV series:

In csv-intro:
- A sending SMTP client MUST supply a published domain name as the
  parameter to an SMTP HELO or EHLO.
- If an EHLO is issued, the entire CSV process MUST be restarted without
  needing to make a new connection. 
- CSV participants MUST use the method defined in Client SMTP Authorization
  (CSA) [ID-CSVCSA].
- Accreditation services MUST publish DNA-conformant records.

In csv-csa:
- DNS administration, servers and clients MUST support SRV queries.
- Client MTA's MUST put their registered domain name in EHLO announcements.
- Server MTA's MUST implement the validation procedure described in this
  specification.

In csv-dna:
- A direct accreditation service MUST publish its listings using the
  following record and format...
- The Accreditation Report string MUST contain a report for a particular
  service, encoded as...
- Strings which do not match this format MAY have meaning outside the
  scope of this specification and MUST be ignored by DNA parsers unaware
  of such meaning.
- For MARID-CSV, the "service accredited" MUST be "MARID" and the "level
  accredited" currently MUST be "1". 
- Any CSV queries MUST discard any PTR records returned which do not
  contain that prefix ["_VOUCH._SMTP."].

   That's it, folks...

   In fact, there's no requirement that the receiving MTA do any DNA
test whatsoever: merely, that if they do, they must ignore PTR replies
which don't start with the magic string, and must ignore TXT records
which don't match the DNA report format.

   (Doug has already explained why we thought the example given in the
Overview was _a_ good way to do things.)

> As it relates to CSV,  there are two distinctly different concepts in the
> total paradigm of trust.  Overhead, wasted DNAs for example when in fact
> the exposed client domain name was illegal.  You only need to do a
> accreditation lookup if CSA result is positive (passes).   However, your
> lookup method requires a DNA lookup first.

   Hint on reading Standards: if it's not a MUST, it's not "required".

   (I really don't want to belittle Hector, but Standards _must_ be
written as standards, and must be read as standards.)

   In fact, Hector's preferred way of implementing CSV is 100% permitted.

> From: "Dave Crocker" <dhc@dcrocker.net>
> 
>> Anyone not clear about the roles and functions of components in the the
>> CSA specification is strongly encouraged to asked detailed questions
>> about them.  That way, we will know what needs to be changed in the
>> specifications, to improve their clarity.
> 
> The point is that the specification is well understood.  You are trying
> to implement a total product, but the product parts doesn't fit well in
> practical opertions.  The "parts" of the product have conflicts as it fits
> into the total model.   If it did not, it would of been adopted long ago.

   We are not trying to "implement a total product": we're trying to
write a standard.

>> In any event, the RFC2821.helo/ehlo parameter is is per-session and is
>> used to validate the OPERATOR OF THE MTA.  The other SMTP parameters are
>> per-message.  MailFrom validation mechanisms pertain to the SENDER OF
>> THE MESSAGE.
>>
>> These are entirely different entities, and validating each of them has
> > entirely different benefits.
> 
> The entities 2821.EHLO/HELO, 2821.MAILFROM, including 2821.RCPTTO are
> SMTP transport parameters and are all involved in the total equation
> validation/trust paradigm at the transport level.  Until you recognize
> this, your proposals impose wasted overhead in systems.

   "Wasted" is in the eye of the beholder. We need to write a standard
which is workable in today's environment and also workable in a future
world where spammers don't bother to send as much junk as they do today.
And, though I hate repeating myself, the CSV proposal doesn't "impose"
any DNA overhead whatsoever.

> Your proposal (as well as others) all are designed on the presumption
> that the 2821.RCPTO forwarding address is valid and that the payload
> will be acceptable. 

   This is simply not true. SMTP was designed with the assumption that
RCPT-TO would "usually" be useful. We have done nothing to strengthen
_or_ weaken that assumption.

> The presumption is weak in the today's real world of anti-spam
> operational requirements.

   "Today's" world -- yes. Tomorrow's world -- who knows?

   The standard _cannot_ only be for today's world.

--
John Leslie <john@jlc.net>



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In fairness to Bob. There is a big difference between saying
"DNS cannot do that" and "The deployed Microsoft DNS server
does not do that".

There are many cultural tensions at work here. The practices 
of systems operation acceptable in the UNIX world are not
acceptable to Windows sysops. Within the UNIX world there is
a vast gulf between the management practices acceptable in
a small operation and the processes used by infrastructure
providers.

It is however somewhat incongruous to hear a network standards
organization that has signally failed to provide security in
email, DNS and the IP protocol go lecturing word processing
vendors for design decisions taken long before the Internet 
went mainstream.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Gordon Fecyk [mailto:gordonf@pan-am.ca]
> Sent: Friday, September 24, 2004 11:42 PM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: [On Rewriting SMTP and DNS] RE: MARID to close -
> Comments/Suggestions
> 
> 
> 
> > 3) Optional: Rewrite SMTP 2821
> > 
> > unless the MARID group gets the IETF-SMTP involved,  it will be
> > a tough climb to reach the common goals we are all looking for
> > success across the board.   We need to recognize that the old
> > design philosophy in SMTP 2821, a "relaxed internet spirit
> > required for wide deployment with less
> > emphasis with security" no longer applies today.
> 
> I'm a newcomer to the IETF and I've observed this snobbish 
> attitude right
> from the first day I stepped into the the Lotte Hotel in 
> Seoul[1].  That of
> the SMTP working group, I mean, and while Hector didn't 
> mention them, the DNS
> working group too.
> 
> "This fundamentaly changes the semantics of X," was a favorite line
> throughout this process.  There are a few in this group who 
> represent this
> thought who I will refer to as The Old Guard.
> 
> Mitch Kapor, of Lotus 1-2-3 fame and co-founder of the 
> Electronic Frontier
> Foundation, made opinions of The Old Guard clear to the 
> author of The Hacker
> Crackdown (1992 Bantam Books) during an interview:
> 
> "You go tell a hardware hacker that everyone should have a node on the
> Internet, and the first thing they'll tell you is: 'IP 
> doesn't scale.' The
> answer is: Evolve the protocol!   Get smart people together 
> and figure out
> what to do.  Do we add [identification]? Do we add protocol?  
> Don't just say
> 'we can't do it.'"
> 
> The Old Guard tells us We Can't Do It and then goes to 
> extreme lengths to
> prove why.  I say: B***S***.  I'll bet Tim Berners-Lee 
> thought that, and the
> result is the World Wide Web.  We have The Old Guard saying 
> that we can't do
> X in DNS, we can't do Y in SMTP.
> 
> Even though it was done.
> 
> We have Bob Atkinson telling me his company's software can't 
> do X in DNS even
> though folks here proved him wrong.  And it didn't even 
> require rewriting
> DNS.
> 
> Earlier proposals worked entirely within existing DNS and 
> SMTP framework,
> even if they did change some semantics in SMTP and made some 
> DNS old farts
> turn up their noses.  They still worked within the system to 
> the system's
> specifications.
> 
> Yet they were rejected based on semantics.  Outdated 
> semantics, I might add,
> based on an Internet where it was assumed all communication 
> was wanted and
> requested.
> 
> To Mitch Kapor, "...this is the snobbery of the people on the 
> Mayflower
> looking down their noses at the people who came over [to the 
> New World] on
> the _second boat!_"
> 
> By what right do you, The Old Guard, have to look down your 
> noses at folks
> like me?  Like Meng?  Like Hadmut?  Like Raymond?  Criticism 
> ("Where's the
> debugger?") is one thing, but you went beyond mere criticism 
> to outright
> denial.
> 
> As for the patent issues, I believe "Chairman Bill" and his pack of
> cartooneys can stand a lesson on where they came from.  That 
> goes for you
> guys, Harry, Bob, and the others whose names grace certain patent
> applications.  You all came on The Second Boat looking down 
> at us coming on
> the third, pretending that the Mayflower didn't exist.  Or 
> that the first
> boat infringed on your patents.  Or something stupid like that.
> 
> [1] During the second English keynote speech which I'll call 
> the "Don't Try
> This At Home" speech, the speaker took an unnecessary stab at 
> Microsoft Word
> as being a security risk for allowing active content in a 
> document.  I didn't
> hear any chuckles from the audience and I'm not surprised - 
> not only was the
> presentation B-O-R-I-N-G, it was demeaning, disrespectful to 
> the audience and
> disrespectful to "the folks on the second boat" who produced 
> MS Word they way
> they did Because Their Customers Asked For It.[2]  I took a 
> moment to try to
> bring this to light to the speaker afterward.  I made my 
> first enemy in the
> IETF and it was only my first day on site.
> 
> [2] Users keep demanding functionality with little or no 
> regard to security.
> That's not Microsoft's fault.
> <http://www.vmyths.com/rant.cfm?id=376&page=4>
> 
> -- 
> PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
> Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where 
> reality bites,
> er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>
> 



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> In fairness to Bob. There is a big difference between saying
> "DNS cannot do that" and "The deployed Microsoft DNS server
> does not do that".

That's just it: Microsoft's deployed DNS server (Windows 2000 SP4 at least)
CAN.  Folks here provided examples and demonstrations of how it can.

Even if not, I dared suggest that an alternate DNS service could provide
anything that Microsoft's deployed DNS server (hypothetically, if not
realisticly) could not provide.  I clearly remember Bob's reaction to that,
how I would Dare Suggest That Windows Components Could Be Replaced.  How
blasphemous.

I suppose other folks with the same mentality would faint at the sight of
seeing LitePC picking apart their prized OS[1], that Internet Explorer could
somehow be completely removed from Windows.  Even though that was just as
clearly demonstrated in a US court of law.  But no one in Redmond talks much
about that little embarrassment.[2]

[1] Using APIs published by Microsoft, no less!

[2] Even local consultants here balk at the concept.  And some of these folks
are otherwise very smart people.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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> Hmm, too bad they weren't committed enough to make the license 
> sub-licenseable.  That's a key component of open source.

Therein lies the problem.  Microsoft's lawyers really have no obligation to
do this or anything else for their competition.  Open source is in effect
their only real competition so what real incentive do they have to provide
for open source in any way?

They're in the business to make money, not to save the world from spam or
falsified e-mail.  They're only doing Sender ID because their paying
customers are asking for it - or something - to stop falsified e-mail.

Open source people need to Get On With It[1] and finish SPF, or something
else, as a viable and free alternative.  You need to do that to keep
Microsoft honest.  And if it means moving development to Norway or wherever
software patent law doesn't exist, do it.

I've already offered to buy and set up a test machine running Win2K Server
accessible through some kind of remote desktop service to one developer.  Any
other takers?

[1] Gee, where have I said that before?

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



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>That's just it: Microsoft's deployed DNS server (Windows 2000 SP4 at least)
>CAN.  Folks here provided examples and demonstrations of how it can.

I agree that there are alternatives for DNS service, although most of
the suggestions seemed much too hacky for anything other than hobbyist
systems.

The insoluble problem for Windows users is on the client side.
Someone decided that there would never ever be an new DNS record type,
so their API for DNS requests has a separate call for every record
type.  They'll have to release both new client libraries and firewall
services before hosts behind a firewall can see a new record type.  I
agree this was a breathtakingly poor design decision, but there's too
many Windows boxes in the field to ignore it.

This same problem will affect any scheme that publishes info in the
DNS.  Even if it defines new record types for new data (which is
clearly the right thing to do for DNS performance), it'll need some
sort of long-term transition kludge using existing record types.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
http://www.taugh.com



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John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> writes:

> They'll have to release both new client libraries and firewall
> services before hosts behind a firewall can see a new record type.  I
> agree this was a breathtakingly poor design decision, but there's too
> many Windows boxes in the field to ignore it.

Or it could be used as a mechanism to force people to upgrade to the
'latest and greatest' windows.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 03:31:42 2004
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Subject: mailing list for CSV/BATV pre-standards discussions
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Folks,

I've set up a mailing list for pre-working group discussions of 
CSV/BATV standardization.  Please take a look at:

	<http://mipassoc.org/ietf-clear/>

It points to mailing list subscription information. It also 
primes the discussion pump with a draft charter.

d/
--
Dave Crocker  <mailto:dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
Brandenburg InternetWorking  <http://brandenburg.com>






From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 07:58:58 2004
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From: "John Glube" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
To: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, <craigspi@microsoft.com>, <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: RE: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and Plans (forwarded by request)
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From: Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. 
Sent: September 25, 2004 3:40 AM
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and
Plans (forwarded by request)

Thank you for posting the Speizle letter.

Although the Microsoft patent applications are quite broad,
I took solace from the good faith representations made in
the IPR filings and to the MARID list as to the actual
scope of these claims.

On September 21, 2004, a press spokesperson for Microsoft
is reported to have sent an email to Internetnews which
read:

|"The SPF technical alternative is just now becoming a real
|focus for the IETF. It is premature for the standards
|participants to disclose any IP they may own related to
|SPF. If SPF continues to work its way through the process,
|there will likely be a point where Microsoft and others
|will [be] asked to identify any essential IP claims and
|Microsoft will follow the IETF guidelines for disclosure at
|that time." 

http://www.internetnews.com/dev-news/article.php/3409971

This reported statement was cause for concern upon my part. 

I had hoped that Microsoft would clarify matters and simply
confirm the previous good faith representations. 

Unfortunately, I remain concerned. Let me explain.

In the letter, Craig Speizle writes:

|"I would also like to clarify several misstatements
|pertaining to our license and patents. From the onset,
|Microsoft has confirmed that any potential patent rights
|that Microsoft may eventually be granted will be provided
|to all users, implementers and distributors of the Sender
|ID specification under Microsoft's royalty free license.
|Microsoft will not revoke its offer to extend this license
|to anyone now and in perpetuity."

The phrase "the Sender ID specification," is not defined in
this paragraph, except by reference to "Microsoft's royalty
free license."

In the second paragraph of the letter, Craig Speizle writes:

|"After discussion with the IETF MARID chairs, we jointly
|agreed to move forward with a proposal that provides
|implementers the choice of utilizing PRA or MAIL FROM for
|the Sender ID check mechanism."

And in the third paragraph of the letter, Craig Speizle
writes:

|"While we would have preferred a single technical mechanism
|as the standard, we believe the specification to allow
|multiple scopes in the protocol is a reasonable approach,
|providing choice and flexibility."

The patent applications are quite broad in scope. Even
though the term "Sender ID specification" is presently
defined in "Microsoft's royalty free license," there is
nothing in the letter to preclude Microsoft from amending
this definition to fit with any patent rights which
Microsoft may subsequently be granted.

We are therefore left with two possible interpretations of
the meaning of the phrase "Sender ID specifications" in the
letter:

1. "Sender ID specification" means: (i) the original
caller-id specification; (ii) the marid-core and marid-pra
specification as defined in Microsoft's draft patent
license; (iii) any amendments to the marid-core and
marid-pra specifications or equivalent substitutions
thereof, but which are not based on SMTP mailfrom,
EHELO/HELO or the IP address, as may occur in obtaining
IETF-experimental status and IETF-standard track for these
specifications.

2. "Sender ID specification" means: (i) the original
caller-id specification; (ii) the marid-core and marid-pra
specification as defined in Microsoft's existing draft
patent license; (iii) the marid-mailfrom specification;
(iv) any IETF - experimental set of protocols involving
either mailfrom or pra checking based on the existing or
any amended specification; (iv) any IETF - standard set of
protocols involving mailfrom or pra checking based on the
existing or any amended specification; (v) any other method
of sender authentication which falls within the scope of
Microsoft's patent rights and forms part of the "Sender ID
check mechanism."

I also note that:

* Microsoft's existing draft patent license is not
compatible with the Open Standards Alliance model.

On what is meant by the Open Standards Alliance model, a
conference was held Fairmont Scottsdale Princess resort in
Arizona during September 13 - 14, 2004. The conference
title:

"Open Source, Open Standards: Maximising Utility While
Managing Exposure"

The conference was organized by the Open Standards Alliance.

http://www.openstandardsalliance.org/

At the conference, Larry Rosen gave a keynote speech on the
issue of the compatibility of Open Standards with Open
Source software licensing. 

I quote from the official conference statement:

|"Larry Rosen proposed five normative principles for open
|standards that are compatible with Open Source software
|licensing.
|
|The five principles of open source software are:
|
|1. Licensees are free to use open source software for any
|purpose whatsoever.
|
|2. Licensees are free to make copies of open source
|software and to distribute them without payment of
|royalties to a licensor.
|
|3. Licensees are free to create derivative works of open
|source software, and to distribute them without payment of
|royalties to a licensor.
|
|4. Licensees are free to access and use the source code of
|open source software.
|
|5. Licensees are free to combine open source and other
|software.
|
|Compatible principles
|
|Mr Rosen put forward compatible principles for Open
|Standards:
|
|1. Everyone is free to copy and distribute the official
|specification for an open standard under an open source
|license.
|
|2. Everyone is free to make or use embodiments of an open
|standard under unconditional licenses to patent claims
|necessary to practice that standard.
|
|3. Everyone is free to distribute externally, sell, offer
|for sale, have made, or import embodiments of an open
|standard under patent licenses that may be conditioned only
|on reciprocal licenses to any of the licensee's patent
|claims necessary to practice that standard.
|
|4. A patent license for an open standard may be terminated
|as to any licensee who sues the licensor or any other
|licensee for infringement of patent claims necessary to
|practice that standard.
|
|5. All patent licenses necessary to practice an open
|standard are worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive,
|perpetual, and sub-licensable."

* I believe it is fundamental that open standards which are
subject to patents and/or patent claims must be subject to
actual or draft patent licenses which are compatible with
open source licensing standards as set out in the Open
Standards Alliance model to ensure the continued vibrancy
of the Internet.

* Email is presently one of the core reasons people use the
Internet.

* Based on what has already transpired, I suggest it is
self evident that any proposal which supports PRA will run
into trouble, during any public comment process prescribed
by the IETF as long as Microsoft persists in requiring a
patent license which is not compatible with the Open
Standards Alliance model. 

In the circumstances, I believe it is incumbent upon
Microsoft to confirm that:

* "Sender ID specification" means: (i) the original
caller-id specification; (ii) the marid-core and marid-pra
specification as defined in Microsoft's draft patent
license; and (iii) any amendments to the marid-core and
marid-pra specifications or equivalent substitutions
thereof, but which are not based on SMTP mailfrom,
EHELO/HELO or the IP address, as may occur in obtaining
IETF-experimental status and IETF-standard track for these
specifications.

* "Microsoft's royalty free license" will be fully
compatible with the Open Standards Alliance model.

Otherwise, it is highly likely there will be a hue and cry
during the public comment process of any experimental
proposal put forward by Microsoft as called for under
sections 4.2.3 and 6.1.2 of RFC 2026. 

But perhaps more importantly, without fully clarifying
matters, in my opinion, based on what has transpired to
date, Microsoft runs the risk of placing the IETF's
credibility in jeopardy as a standards organization.

Having made these comments, I add that I have every reason
to consider Craig Speizle is personally acting in good
faith, based on legal guidance and in what is perceived as
Microsoft's best interest.

However, given the potentially contentious nature of this
matter, along with the import to email as a viable means of
communication and the risk to the IETF itself, I call upon
Microsoft, as one of the leading software firms in the
world, to fully clarify matters for the record beyond a
shadow of a doubt.

John Glube
Toronto, Canada

The FTC Calls For Sender Authentication
http://www.learnsteps4profit.com/dne.html

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To: "'John Glube'" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org,
        craigspi@microsoft.com, amitchell@isipp.com
Subject: RE: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and Plans (f
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> * I believe it is fundamental that open standards which are
> subject to patents and/or patent claims must be subject to
> actual or draft patent licenses which are compatible with
> open source licensing standards as set out in the Open
> Standards Alliance model to ensure the continued vibrancy
> of the Internet.

Well maybe what you learn from all of this is that maybe you
did not choose the best way to achieve your goal.

It was your idea to play chicken with this issue. Don't complain
about the all too predictable result.



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 13:05:40 2004
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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>,
        "'John Glube'"
	 <jbglube@sympatico.ca>,
        "'ietf-mxcomp@imc.org'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>,
        "'craigspi@microsoft.com'" <craigspi@microsoft.com>,
        "'amitchell@isipp.com'" <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: RE: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and Plans (f
	orwarded by request)
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 09:29:21 -0700
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In case there is some ambiguity here, my comment was directed at John.

You don't always get what you want.
But if you try sometimes you just might find you get what you need.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Hallam-Baker, Phillip 
> Sent: Monday, September 27, 2004 11:38 AM
> To: 'John Glube'; ietf-mxcomp@imc.org; craigspi@microsoft.com;
> amitchell@isipp.com
> Subject: RE: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update 
> and Plans
> (forwarded by request)
> 
> 
> 
> > * I believe it is fundamental that open standards which are
> > subject to patents and/or patent claims must be subject to
> > actual or draft patent licenses which are compatible with
> > open source licensing standards as set out in the Open
> > Standards Alliance model to ensure the continued vibrancy
> > of the Internet.
> 
> Well maybe what you learn from all of this is that maybe you
> did not choose the best way to achieve your goal.
> 
> It was your idea to play chicken with this issue. Don't complain
> about the all too predictable result.
> 



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Cc: "'ietf-mxcomp@imc.org'" <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>,
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        "'John Glube'" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq." <amitchell@isipp.com>
Subject: Re: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and Plans (f orwarded by request)
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 09:53:19 -0700
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> You don't always get what you want.
> But if you try sometimes you just might find you get what you need.

Wow..that'd make a great song...

Anne



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Cc: craigspi@microsoft.com, ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, amitchell@isipp.com,
        "'John Glube'" <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
Subject: Re: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and Plans (f orwarded by request)
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 17:54:17 +0100
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On 27 Sep 2004, at 16:38, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:

>> * I believe it is fundamental that open standards which are
>> subject to patents and/or patent claims must be subject to
>> actual or draft patent licenses which are compatible with
>> open source licensing standards as set out in the Open
>> Standards Alliance model to ensure the continued vibrancy
>> of the Internet.
>
> Well maybe what you learn from all of this is that maybe you
> did not choose the best way to achieve your goal.
>
> It was your idea to play chicken with this issue. Don't complain
> about the all too predictable result.

Played chicken? Can you be any more insulting?

Some of us travelled 6000 miles for a one day event to try and persuade 
Microsoft to do the right thing. This wasn't playing chicken. Some of 
us worked really bloody hard at this only for MS to stand their ground 
and waste all our efforts.

Matt.


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In <C6DDA43B91BFDA49AA2F1E473732113E010BEC00@mou1wnexm05.vcorp.ad.vrsn.com> "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com> writes:

>> * I believe it is fundamental that open standards which are
>> subject to patents and/or patent claims must be subject to
>> actual or draft patent licenses which are compatible with
>> open source licensing standards as set out in the Open
>> Standards Alliance model to ensure the continued vibrancy
>> of the Internet.
>
> Well maybe what you learn from all of this is that maybe you
> did not choose the best way to achieve your goal.

I dunno about John Glube, but I for one am *much* happier to have no
de-jure standard than a standard that most of the MTAs on the internet
can't (effectively) use.  This is especially true when there is a
de-facto standard that not only is compatible with most MTAs, but
implmentations have been made available for the vast majority of MTAs.


> It was your idea to play chicken with this issue. Don't complain
> about the all too predictable result.

Again, I can't speak for John Glube, but I don't think he, or anyone
else who supported F/OSS MTAs, was playing chicken.  MS was told many
times that objections would be raised if their license was not
compatible with F/OSS MTAs.  At the interim meeting, Jim assured us
that it was.  (Or, would be, as the license had not been released at
that time.)


While I'm disappointed that Harry and Jim were not able to get the MS
lawyers to do the right thing, and I'm disappointed that Ted Hardie
shut down the working group, I think that all people who really want
to see an end to email forgery have won this current battle.  If the
SenderID I-Ds had advanced, they would have just created huge market
confusion with the massive deployment problems that the license
creates. 


The war, of course, is not over.  The IETF (Ted, and maybe the former
co-chairs?), Meng, and MS (Harry, Jim, Bob, et al) appear to have
learned nothing from what has happened.  They have done an end-run
around the working group last call by closing down the working group,
but they are still pushing ahead with the PRA under the current
license.  Apparently, they think that when the "individual" I-Ds are
submitted to the IESG and there is an IETF-wide last-call, things will
go better.  I don't see it.

One definition of insanity is doing the same thing again and again and
expecting different results.  Under this definition, Ted, Meng, Harry,
Jim, et al, are acting quite insane.


I see four choices:

1) Forget about getting a de-jure standard.

2) Drop the PRA.

3) Change the PRA license to be compatible with F/OSS MTAs.

4) Find one or more widely accepted alternative to the PRA that covers
   the 2822.From: identity so that people can reasonably choose
   between the PRA and the alternatives.


Ted, Meng, Harry, Jim et al:  PLEASE!  Wake up and smell the coffee!
We need a anti-forgery system that protects the 2822.From: identity,
we don't need another two-week blowup when the IESG last-call happens.


-wayne




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Subject: RE: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and Plans
	(forwarded by request)
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: John Glube <jbglube@sympatico.ca>
Cc: MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, craigspi@microsoft.com, amitchell@isipp.com
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On Mon, 2004-09-27 at 04:29, John Glube wrote:
> From: Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. 
> Sent: September 25, 2004 3:40 AM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and
> Plans (forwarded by request)
> 
> Thank you for posting the Speizle letter.
> 
> Although the Microsoft patent applications are quite broad,
> I took solace from the good faith representations made in
> the IPR filings and to the MARID list as to the actual
> scope of these claims.
> 
> On September 21, 2004, a press spokesperson for Microsoft
> is reported to have sent an email to Internetnews which
> read:
> 
> |"The SPF technical alternative is just now becoming a real
> |focus for the IETF. It is premature for the standards
> |participants to disclose any IP they may own related to
> |SPF. If SPF continues to work its way through the process,
> |there will likely be a point where Microsoft and others
> |will [be] asked to identify any essential IP claims and
> |Microsoft will follow the IETF guidelines for disclosure at
> |that time." 
> 
> http://www.internetnews.com/dev-news/article.php/3409971
> 
> This reported statement was cause for concern upon my part. 
> 
> I had hoped that Microsoft would clarify matters and simply
> confirm the previous good faith representations.

Regardless of the promised arrangements Microsoft may claim in various
news articles, the rights of this IPR, if granted, could be sold to an
entity with a considerably different stance.

There is an inherent risk obtaining an address list rather than a name
list for such a large array of hosts.  There is an inherent risk using a
text script parser which may constrain the source port processing this
information from several DNS servers.  The use of scripts, to lookup
hundreds of records for addresses, creates a high risk for a denial of
service attack aimed at disabling the check, and allows just a DSL
connection to poison the DNS cache.  This scheme still allows spoofing,
and phishing, but now with possibility of false assurances.  Those
publishing this scheme also risk being exploited and unfairly having
their mailbox address blocked.

Using scripts, offers to DNS what they offered to mail.  Mail is not a
browser, and is not run at the behest of the user, but rather for total
strangers.  Lack of security has largely fostered the current situation.

-Doug



    





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From: "Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. <amitchell@isipp.com>" <shedevil@gmail.com>
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> The war, of course, is not over.  The IETF (Ted, and maybe the former
> co-chairs?), Meng, and MS (Harry, Jim, Bob, et al) appear to have
> learned nothing from what has happened.  They have done an end-run
> around the working group last call by closing down the working group,

This is actually something which has me a bit confused;  Craig's
letter said "After discussion with the IETF MARID chairs, we jointly
agreed to move forward with a proposal that provides implementers the
choice of utilizing PRA or MAIL FROM for the Sender ID check
mechanism.  While the working group has recently shut down, we
continue to work with the chairs and key stakeholders to move
forward."

To me this made it sound like Microsoft and the Chairs of the MARID
group had been working together privately behind the scenes and even
before the group was shut down, and that Microsoft continues to
working with the Chairs (are they still chairs if the group no longer
exists?) and "key stakeholders" behind the scenes to advance
(something).
 
Can someone please clarify this for me?  

Thanks,

Anne



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 14:57:57 2004
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From: Marshall Rose <mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us>
Subject: Re: Microsoft Statement regarding Sender I.D. Update and Plans (f orwarded by request)
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 11:27:41 -0700
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On Sep 27, 2004, at 10:46, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. <amitchell@isipp.com> 
wrote:

> To me this made it sound like Microsoft and the Chairs of the MARID
> group had been working together privately behind the scenes and even
> before the group was shut down, and that Microsoft continues to
> working with the Chairs (are they still chairs if the group no longer
> exists?) and "key stakeholders" behind the scenes to advance
> (something).
>
> Can someone please clarify this for me?

sure. the wording is more conversational than precise, which is not 
uncommon for press releases, interviews, and other "reporting".

working group chairs and ADs often have discussions with various 
parties in order to better understand their positions, and to suggest 
possible ways they might achieve a compromise with other various 
parties.

nothing gets decided for the working group in such conversations.

for example, i seem to recall an interim meeting, a design team 
meeting, and half-a-dozen conference calls with a whole gallery of 
characters, in order to get some basis for consensus. several of these 
meetings/calls led to various people suggesting different approaches on 
the mailing list, for comment.

nothing particularly unusual or suspect about any of this.

independently, it became clear to the ADs and the WG chairs, solely on 
the basis of the mailing list discussions that consensus wasn't 
possible.

/mtr



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Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 11:33:56 -0700 (PDT)
From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
cc: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com
Subject: Alternatives drafts for SUBMITTER identity
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---1747400512-1662785239-1096309698=:1935
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Content-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0409271130221.1935@sokol.elan.net>


Hello,

As I have mentioned I have worked on alternatives draft for SUBMITTER concept.
It actually ended up being two alternatives. When I originally started I
was working on it based on certain assumptions of what would be covered 
by Microsoft pending patent and these assumptions are proven to be wrong 
(they either covered less or they covered more then I expected based on 
whoever is interpreting it).

So based partially on some assumptions, I worked on draft that introduces
new concept of email networks and uses Responsible Submitter identity to
identify email message passing between different networks. In this concept
submitter is represented by both RFC2821 SUBMITTER and by RFC2822 
Submitted-By header. I descirbed summary of this concept in:
 http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg04726.html
The end result I'm not entirely too happy with - it ended up being too 
complex and it appears proper combination of RFC2821 and RFC2822 is 
actually quite difficult to achieve. I'll most likely not be submitting 
this draft unless there is an interest on this concept from others in the 
community. The draft is 30 pages long (70% new text) and available at:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/draft-leibzon-email-networks-submitter-00.txt

For second draft which I started working on about week ago, I have focused 
on SUBMITTER as being only RFC2821 identity (in the next message I'll
mention how I propose to bring this data into RFC2822 headers, but that
is separate concept not entirely based on SUBMITTER). The draft is 
primarily  combination of original SUBMITTER with some text from 
marid-core draft and with description on SPF verification for "submit" 
scope/identity. The draft is 18 pages and represents about 30% new text 
and ended up  being a lot better then the first one, so I intend to send 
it to RFC-editor for publication and for consideration by the directorate 
(that is to be formed to determine future of MARID documents) as alternative
to original MARID submitter encoumbered by requirement of Microsoft PRA.

The draft is included with this text and is also available at
 http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/draft-leibzon-responsible-submitter-00.txt
With PDF version available at
 http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/draft-leibzon-responsible-submitter-00.pdf

Please review this text and send me your comments on this draft by Monday 
October 4th as that is when I intend to send it to RFC-editor. And If 
original authors of MARID SUBMITTER draft want to work further on this, 
I'd be more then happy to give the draft to them as input for new document
assuming they agree with me to keep it completely separated from PRA.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/

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---1747400512-1662785239-1096309698=:1935--



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 15:29:32 2004
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From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com
cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
Subject: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
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I also started working on draft that tries to deal with a problem that
when email message passes through forwarders, email lists and other
similar systems those systems make changes to important email headers
and to envelope and its difficult to tell at later time what changes
they have made (or if these changes happened at all) and who is to be 
considered responsible for making these changes.

The concept introduces new header "Processed-By" (alternative name
"Transmitted-By", let me know which name you like better) and this
header is to be used to list name of the system making changes to
email message, email address of responsible party and list of
headers that are being changed. Together with it introduced are
Original-???? headers which are to be used to preserve original
values of the headers that are being changed. For RFC2821 envelope
parameters that are changed Original-Envelope-??? headers can be used.
Additionally "New-????" headers maybe used to list how these headers
were changed (this is intended primarily for RFC2821 envelope data).

It is intended that Processed-By header would be added by any
system that is changing destination of email message or its source.

Below I'm going to give some example of how these header might
be used by forwarders and by email lists, etc:

----------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Mail List (changes to envelope and to header to and sender):

Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
  on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
  changes-to List-ID,Sender,CC,
    Envelope-Recepient,Envelope-ReturnPath,Envelope-Submitter
  process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; 
New-Envelope-Recepient: william@elan.net
New-Envelope-ReturnPath: ietf@ietf.org
New-Envelope-Submitter: ietf@ietf.org
Original-Envelope-Recepient: ietf@ietf.org
Original-Envelope-ReturnPath: user@example.com
Original-Envelope-Submitter: user@example.com
Original-To: ietf@ietf.org
Original-Sender: secretary@example.org

2. Forwarding system that does not change RFC2821 Mail From

Processed-By: mail.forwader-example.com (ip=[10.0.0.10])
  on-behalf-of my.forwarding.address@forwarder-example.com
  changes-to Envelope-Recepient,Envelope-Submitter
  process-type forwarding
New-Envelope-Recepient: william@elan.net
New-Envelope-Submitter: my.forwarding.address@forwarder-example.com
Original-Envelope-Recepient: my.forwarding.address@forwader-example.com
Original-Envelope-Submitter: user@sender-example.com


3. An outgoing SMTP proxy system that sits in the hotel and is to
   be used by all guests (sets Sender header and RFC2821 submitter)

Processed-By: proxy.hotel-example.com (ip=[10.0.0.10])
  on-behalf-of postmaster@hotel-example.com
  changes-to Sender,Envelope-Submitter
  process-type smtp-proxy
New-Envelope-Submitter: postmaster@hotel-example.com
Original-Envelope-Submitter: user@sender-example.com
Original-Sender: secretary@example.org
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Please let me know what you think of this concept and if you think it
would be usefull and send me your comments and suggestions. And I do
expect to have draft available describing this within one or two weeks.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/asrg/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 16:10:10 2004
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Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
Cc: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com, MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Mon, 2004-09-27 at 12:06, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> I also started working on draft that tries to deal with a problem that
> when email message passes through forwarders, email lists and other
> similar systems those systems make changes to important email headers
> and to envelope and its difficult to tell at later time what changes
> they have made (or if these changes happened at all) and who is to be 
> considered responsible for making these changes.
> 
> The concept introduces new header "Processed-By" (alternative name
> "Transmitted-By", let me know which name you like better) and this
> header is to be used to list name of the system making changes to
> email message, email address of responsible party and list of
> headers that are being changed. Together with it introduced are
> Original-???? headers which are to be used to preserve original
> values of the headers that are being changed. For RFC2821 envelope
> parameters that are changed Original-Envelope-??? headers can be used.
> Additionally "New-????" headers maybe used to list how these headers
> were changed (this is intended primarily for RFC2821 envelope data).
> 
> It is intended that Processed-By header would be added by any
> system that is changing destination of email message or its source.
> 
> Below I'm going to give some example of how these header might
> be used by forwarders and by email lists, etc:
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> 1. Mail List (changes to envelope and to header to and sender):
> 
> Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
>   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
>   changes-to List-ID,Sender,CC,
>     Envelope-Recepient,Envelope-ReturnPath,Envelope-Submitter
>   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; 
> New-Envelope-Recepient: william@elan.net
> New-Envelope-ReturnPath: ietf@ietf.org
> New-Envelope-Submitter: ietf@ietf.org
> Original-Envelope-Recepient: ietf@ietf.org
> Original-Envelope-ReturnPath: user@example.com
> Original-Envelope-Submitter: user@example.com
> Original-To: ietf@ietf.org
> Original-Sender: secretary@example.org
> 
> 2. Forwarding system that does not change RFC2821 Mail From
> 
> Processed-By: mail.forwader-example.com (ip=[10.0.0.10])
>   on-behalf-of my.forwarding.address@forwarder-example.com
>   changes-to Envelope-Recepient,Envelope-Submitter
>   process-type forwarding
> New-Envelope-Recepient: william@elan.net
> New-Envelope-Submitter: my.forwarding.address@forwarder-example.com
> Original-Envelope-Recepient: my.forwarding.address@forwader-example.com
> Original-Envelope-Submitter: user@sender-example.com
> 
> 
> 3. An outgoing SMTP proxy system that sits in the hotel and is to
>    be used by all guests (sets Sender header and RFC2821 submitter)
> 
> Processed-By: proxy.hotel-example.com (ip=[10.0.0.10])
>   on-behalf-of postmaster@hotel-example.com
>   changes-to Sender,Envelope-Submitter
>   process-type smtp-proxy
> New-Envelope-Submitter: postmaster@hotel-example.com
> Original-Envelope-Submitter: user@sender-example.com
> Original-Sender: secretary@example.org
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Please let me know what you think of this concept and if you think it
> would be usefull and send me your comments and suggestions. And I do
> expect to have draft available describing this within one or two weeks.

Assuming any identity added will need to undergo authentication, how
would this identity be substantially different than that already
possible employing the EHLO domain?  This EHLO information is already
present within the initial exchange and recorded within the messages
headers.  Once authenticated, this EHLO name allows safe mail channel
assertions without the need to obtain an extensive address list.

-Doug







From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 16:12:38 2004
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From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
cc: spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com, MARID <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
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> Assuming any identity added will need to undergo authentication, how
> would this identity be substantially different than that already
> possible employing the EHLO domain?  This EHLO information is already
> present within the initial exchange and recorded within the messages
> headers.  Once authenticated, this EHLO name allows safe mail channel
> assertions without the need to obtain an extensive address list.

Processed-By and Original- and New- are not identity headers.
They are all trace headers (like Received and Return-Path) intended
to be used by email agents that have made changes to either destination
or source (this being either the envelope parameters and rfc2822 email
address headers) of email transmission and would like a standard way to 
record this information in email message

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 17:04:09 2004
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Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
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On Mon, 2004-09-27 at 12:57, william(at)elan.net wrote:
> > Assuming any identity added will need to undergo authentication, how
> > would this identity be substantially different than that already
> > possible employing the EHLO domain?  This EHLO information is already
> > present within the initial exchange and recorded within the messages
> > headers.  Once authenticated, this EHLO name allows safe mail channel
> > assertions without the need to obtain an extensive address list.
> 
> Processed-By and Original- and New- are not identity headers.
> They are all trace headers (like Received and Return-Path) intended
> to be used by email agents that have made changes to either destination
> or source (this being either the envelope parameters and rfc2822 email
> address headers) of email transmission and would like a standard way to 
> record this information in email message

Should the EHLO domain be authenticated, then whether a change has been
made to any headers or not still allows the message source to be
traced.  The EHLO domain can be selectively presented based upon a
desire to reference a particular domain.  The authentication of the EHLO
domain also allows the mailbox domain a simply reference to a name list
as a means to indicate the nominal mail channel without risk of this
information being exploited.  Such an exploit is possible with SPF or
Sender-ID, especially where the lists are left open and yet used within
a gate-keeper function.

It would make it easier if you could describe the problem being solved.

-Doug



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Subject: RE: Alternatives drafts for SUBMITTER identity
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From: "Jim Lyon" <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
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William,

Regarding draft-leibzon-responsible-submitter-00, please pick a name
other than SUBMITTER for the SMTP extension and parameter.  It will be a
real mess if we have two competing documents specifying different
definitions for the same extension.

-- Jim Lyon



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To: Jim Lyon <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
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Subject: RE: Alternatives drafts for SUBMITTER identity
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On Mon, 27 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

> William,
> 
> Regarding draft-leibzon-responsible-submitter-00, please pick a name
> other than SUBMITTER for the SMTP extension and parameter.  It will be a
> real mess if we have two competing documents specifying different
> definitions for the same extension.

1. Its actually quite easy to make marid-submitter draft to be
   compatible with my responsible-submitter draft. Major thing
   that is necessary is to require double-checking on if SUBMITTER
   value is same as your PRA (derived from headers) ONLY IF there
   is spf2.0/pra policy record available for domain part of SUBMITTER.
   In such a case, you can assume that known that on his network all
   servers that use SUBMITTER also comply with Sender ID and added 
   whatever headers you like, where as if they published spf2.0/submit 
   scope records you can assume they might not have done so.

   The only other issue of some importance is that in my
   responsible-submitter draft, the recomendation for smtp proxy
   servers (as in hotel "Guest E-Mail Service" example) is to add
   Sender header where as in marid-submitter it said that Resent-From
   is to be used. For all other cases I conviniently avoided specifying
   what exactly are supposed to be headers added (although you'll
   see a definitive recomendation about that in my next draft).

2. As per above my recomendation in regards to resolving difference 
   between marid-submitter and responsible-submitter is to have you
   rewrite your concept to reference responsible-submitter instead
   of marid-submitter. You can do it by rewriting new core+PRA
   draft so that it requires checking of RFC2822 headers PRA value
   only if SPF2.0/pra policy record is published. In such case you
   can write also that such PRA MUST be equivalent to SUBMITTER when
   it is present during SMTP session and make recomendation for MTAs
   to verify SUBMITTER parameter value based on either SPF2.0/pra or 
   SPF2.0/submit policy record during SMTP session. 

   Basicly what I'm asking is for you to consider rewrite of
   Sender ID concept where it references submitter-draft instead of
   submitter referencing marid-core and pra. Both are equivalent
   ways of doing the same concept and should be able to coexist.

3. Unless you make changes to SenderID drafts as I recommended above,
   I would have absolutly no problem in giving IETF directorate and 
   implementors a choice between what they want to accept and use:
   - an encoumbered solution that is based upon incorrect use of existing 
     RFC2822 concepts and has IPR requirement that does not allow to be
     used in open-source SMTP servers  OR
   - a solution that is entirely within RFC2821 framework and does not
     break existing SMTP standards and does not have patent problems
     (as long as we assume that SPF classic which is also RFC2821 does
      not have have similar patent issues)

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam and Email Security Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/



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William,

SUBMITTER as defined by your draft is a different concept than SUBMITTER
as defined by draft-ietf-marid-submitter-xx.  Related, but different.

Your argument is that all would be well if we dropped the semantics
specified by draft-ietf-marid-submiter, and changed the specs to use the
semantics you supply.  While this might make everything fine from your
perspective, it doesn't from mine.  I for one decline your invitation.

Your comment that we should give the IETF and implementers a choice
about which to use is exactly on point.  The easiest way to do so is to
have different extensions, so that MTAs in conversation know exactly
what is meant by each other.

Since the name SUBMITTER is already in use by
draft-ietf-marid-submitter, please choose another name.


-- Jim Lyon



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On Mon, 27 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:

> William,
> 
> SUBMITTER as defined by your draft is a different concept than SUBMITTER
> as defined by draft-ietf-marid-submitter-xx.  Related, but different.
I disagree especially since I used exactly the same text as in marid-core
and marid-submitter to specify this concept.
 
> Your argument is that all would be well if we dropped the semantics
> specified by draft-ietf-marid-submiter, and changed the specs to use the
> semantics you supply.  While this might make everything fine from your
> perspective, it doesn't from mine.  I for one decline your invitation.
Your choice...
 
> Your comment that we should give the IETF and implementers a choice
> about which to use is exactly on point.  The easiest way to do so is to
> have different extensions, so that MTAs in conversation know exactly
> what is meant by each other.
I do not believe that MTAs would ever specify different SUBMITTER value
based on the text of these drafts, so having them add two different
submitter parameters with exactly same value during MAIL is just not 
necessary.

> Since the name SUBMITTER is already in use by
> draft-ietf-marid-submitter, please choose another name.

If IESG makes recomendation to me at later point to make changes
to semantics and name, I'll of course do so, but it'll not happen
at this time.

---

Again I invite you to reconsider the issues of difference and invite
you to work together on something that will be acceptable to both
FOSS world and those who want to support Microsoft solution while
allowing both to share in common points, concepts and semantics.

I note that when putting this draft together I specifially took parts
of the SenderID that did not have any major technical or IPR issues
as such I consider those to be a subpart that is the closest to having
had consensus of the working group. 

Considering that responsible-submitter represents a subpart of former
SenderID concept, it should be fairly easy for you to extend on these
parts and this would allow everyone to benefit from the former MARID
concepts and to have shared common parts (like we have with SPF 
record format) instead of trying to force a complete choice.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam and Email Security Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 21:30:10 2004
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From: "Hector Santos" <hsantos@santronics.com>
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Subject: Re: Alternatives drafts for SUBMITTER identity
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 20:55:58 -0400
Organization: Santronics Software, Inc.
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William,

I agree with Jim from the standpoint there is a conflict here in regards to
"protesting" a patent application, yet at the same time, giving it some
level of credence.  In my view, this plays into the favor of the patentee.

I should note that I don't believe there is a claim to be made to restrict
the usage of the ESMTP return path modifier, hence for this reason and many
other similar reasons along the same line, the patent applications have
little to no enforcement quality.  It really doesn't any deserve any more
attention that it already got.

I should also note MS simply has no say over SPF.  As a early implementer of
SPF in our commercial mail products,  rest assured that legal and IP issues
were fully examined before SPF were considered at the time, which was
clearly before any MS introduction into the picture.  The legal facts are
such;  SPF, which is based on prior art itself,  was introduced in early
2003, making it not eligible for patentability today, and therefore can not
be claimed by anyone also with current applications.  Rest assured, if this
was not the case, and indeed MS does have a claim to SPF, it would be PULLED
immediately from our product line and we would investigate the legal avenue
to recoup the lost of development and engineering cost put into it over the
last year.   This is why I am fully confident there is nothing to worry
about here as far as SPF.

With that said,  if an alternative is being pursued, don't approach it with
a MS angle  Approach it from the standpoint of SMTP purity and basic
operations.  These are elements that are natural to all parties, with
standard and/or BCP in place.  This is what needs to be part of any protest
information provided to the patent examiner. It will help him examine the
Muskush-type claims of these applications to see that there is a community
between all claims that without these common elements, not only will the
patent process will not work, but the industry will fail to function as
well.

Sincerely,

Hector Santos, CTO
Santronics Software, Inc.
http://www.santronics.com
305-431-2846 Cell
305-248-3204 Office






----- Original Message -----
From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: "Jim Lyon" <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>
Cc: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>; <spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com>
Sent: Monday, September 27, 2004 8:10 PM
Subject: RE: Alternatives drafts for SUBMITTER identity


>
>
> On Mon, 27 Sep 2004, Jim Lyon wrote:
>
> > William,
> >
> > Regarding draft-leibzon-responsible-submitter-00, please pick a name
> > other than SUBMITTER for the SMTP extension and parameter.  It will be a
> > real mess if we have two competing documents specifying different
> > definitions for the same extension.
>
> 1. Its actually quite easy to make marid-submitter draft to be
>    compatible with my responsible-submitter draft. Major thing
>    that is necessary is to require double-checking on if SUBMITTER
>    value is same as your PRA (derived from headers) ONLY IF there
>    is spf2.0/pra policy record available for domain part of SUBMITTER.
>    In such a case, you can assume that known that on his network all
>    servers that use SUBMITTER also comply with Sender ID and added
>    whatever headers you like, where as if they published spf2.0/submit
>    scope records you can assume they might not have done so.
>
>    The only other issue of some importance is that in my
>    responsible-submitter draft, the recomendation for smtp proxy
>    servers (as in hotel "Guest E-Mail Service" example) is to add
>    Sender header where as in marid-submitter it said that Resent-From
>    is to be used. For all other cases I conviniently avoided specifying
>    what exactly are supposed to be headers added (although you'll
>    see a definitive recomendation about that in my next draft).
>
> 2. As per above my recomendation in regards to resolving difference
>    between marid-submitter and responsible-submitter is to have you
>    rewrite your concept to reference responsible-submitter instead
>    of marid-submitter. You can do it by rewriting new core+PRA
>    draft so that it requires checking of RFC2822 headers PRA value
>    only if SPF2.0/pra policy record is published. In such case you
>    can write also that such PRA MUST be equivalent to SUBMITTER when
>    it is present during SMTP session and make recomendation for MTAs
>    to verify SUBMITTER parameter value based on either SPF2.0/pra or
>    SPF2.0/submit policy record during SMTP session.
>
>    Basicly what I'm asking is for you to consider rewrite of
>    Sender ID concept where it references submitter-draft instead of
>    submitter referencing marid-core and pra. Both are equivalent
>    ways of doing the same concept and should be able to coexist.
>
> 3. Unless you make changes to SenderID drafts as I recommended above,
>    I would have absolutly no problem in giving IETF directorate and
>    implementors a choice between what they want to accept and use:
>    - an encoumbered solution that is based upon incorrect use of existing
>      RFC2822 concepts and has IPR requirement that does not allow to be
>      used in open-source SMTP servers  OR
>    - a solution that is entirely within RFC2821 framework and does not
>      break existing SMTP standards and does not have patent problems
>      (as long as we assume that SPF classic which is also RFC2821 does
>       not have have similar patent issues)
>
> ---
> William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
>  mailto: william@elan.net
> Anti-Spam and Email Security Research Worksite:
>  http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/
>
>




From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Mon Sep 27 22:00:39 2004
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Subject: Re: [spf-discuss] Re: Alternative draft for SUBMITTER identity
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On Mon, 27 Sep 2004, Hector Santos wrote:

> William,
> 
> I agree with Jim from the standpoint there is a conflict here in regards to
> "protesting" a patent application, yet at the same time, giving it some
> level of credence.  In my view, this plays into the favor of the patentee.
How so?

I took the draft that Microsoft has no IPR claims on (since Microsoft 
person was co-author, if it was not so, he would have had to file IPR 
document in regards to that draft). However that draft in itself was 
referencing as requirement another draft (PRA) that had known IPR issues.

I removed the requirement of Submitter identity being the same as
patent-encumbered PRA identity and made SUBMITTER to be purely RFC2821 
identity on part with ReturnPath. Situation is such that Microsoft can 
not claim have patent  claims on this draft unless it is at the same time 
willing to put claims on SPF (which as you say they will not be able to do).

So the result is that we have subpart of SenderID that:
 1. Provides information about entity that was last involved 
    in reintroduction of message into transport stream. This
    is what many wanted.
 2. Does not require checking RFC2822 headers to find this identity.
 3. Does not require forwarders to add new headers in a way that is
    not compatible with RFC2822
 5. Can be implemented by every MTA no matter if they can use GNU
    license or commercial license for their product

This is not in conflict with Microsoft SenderID concept as that can
be easily build upon it by requirying finding PRA identity from 
headers to be the same as SUBMITTER identity. To make certain that
is what publisher wanted to be checked it is easily possible to do
it by means of SPF policy records which do use different scope. 

I note that, as indicated in another post, I made best effort to take
concepts of SenderID that did not have any major technical or IPR issues.
I believe this allows the concept to be implemented worldwide while if
that is not done, we'd have situation that Responsible Submitter identity 
would not be provided by majority of MTA servers.

What I have done should in fact greatly help Microsoft itself by allowing
Responsible Submitter identity to be present and certainly determined in a 
lot more cases then what it otherwise would have been.

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam and Email Security Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/



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From: <terry@ashtonwoodshomes.com>
To: "'Jim Lyon'" <jimlyon@exchange.microsoft.com>,
        "'william(at)elan.net'" <william@elan.net>
Cc: <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, <spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com>
Subject: OT: RE: Alternatives drafts for SUBMITTER identity
Date: Mon, 27 Sep 2004 22:19:40 -0400
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Well now that's ironic, MS asking someone to "not use/change something someone else defined".

What's next, MS saying "please don't use FUD"?  :)

Terry Fielder
Manager Software Development and Deployment
Great Gulf Homes / Ashton Woods Homes
terry@greatgulfhomes.com 
Fax: (416) 441-9085


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org
> [mailto:owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org]On Behalf Of Jim Lyon
> Sent: Monday, September 27, 2004 8:20 PM
> To: william(at)elan.net
> Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org; spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com
> Subject: RE: Alternatives drafts for SUBMITTER identity
> 
> 
> 
> William,
> 
> SUBMITTER as defined by your draft is a different concept 
> than SUBMITTER
> as defined by draft-ietf-marid-submitter-xx.  Related, but different.
> 
> Your argument is that all would be well if we dropped the semantics
> specified by draft-ietf-marid-submiter, and changed the specs 
> to use the
> semantics you supply.  While this might make everything fine from your
> perspective, it doesn't from mine.  I for one decline your invitation.
> 
> Your comment that we should give the IETF and implementers a choice
> about which to use is exactly on point.  The easiest way to 
> do so is to
> have different extensions, so that MTAs in conversation know exactly
> what is meant by each other.
> 
> Since the name SUBMITTER is already in use by
> draft-ietf-marid-submitter, please choose another name.
> 
> 
> -- Jim Lyon
> 
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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 28 04:43:30 2004
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Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
To: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
Cc: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com
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William,

The problem I see with this is that multiple hops cannot be used in
conjunction with New-xx and Original-xx headers.
What you'd have to do would be to use a single header which both identifies
the hop that changed the headers and records the change.

Lets assume that the regular headers are rewritten and therefore contain
the "new" values, so we only really need to preserve the history.
That can be accomodated in the "Processed by" by simply inserting the
original values for the fields logged as changed.

Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
  on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
  changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,

Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue

  process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ;

As for the name, call it like it is. If this is to address the issues of
automatic (c.f. by a users explicit action) re-insertion of messages into
the delivery system call it
"Reinserted-by"


But... also add a timestamp so we can accurately order these things

Reinserted-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
  on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
  changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,

Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue

  process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; Tue, 28 Sep 2004
00:43:21 -0700 (PDT)

At the end of the day though it still looks like a mechanism by which
someone could fabricate a whole imagined history for a message, rather than
anything upon which we could rely.

d.

---
Danny Angus
(apache james)

> Together with it introduced are
> Original-???? headers which are to be used to preserve original
> values of the headers that are being changed.


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Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Danny Angus <Danny_Angus@slc.co.uk>
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On Tue, 2004-09-28 at 01:09, Danny Angus wrote:
> William,
> 
> The problem I see with this is that multiple hops cannot be used in
> conjunction with New-xx and Original-xx headers.
> What you'd have to do would be to use a single header which both identifies
> the hop that changed the headers and records the change.
> 
> Lets assume that the regular headers are rewritten and therefore contain
> the "new" values, so we only really need to preserve the history.
> That can be accomodated in the "Processed by" by simply inserting the
> original values for the fields logged as changed.
> 
> Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
>   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
>   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> 
> Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> 
>   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ;
> 
> As for the name, call it like it is. If this is to address the issues of
> automatic (c.f. by a users explicit action) re-insertion of messages into
> the delivery system call it
> "Reinserted-by"
> 
> 
> But... also add a timestamp so we can accurately order these things
> 
> Reinserted-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
>   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
>   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> 
> Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> 
>   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; Tue, 28 Sep 2004
> 00:43:21 -0700 (PDT)
> 
> At the end of the day though it still looks like a mechanism by which
> someone could fabricate a whole imagined history for a message, rather than
> anything upon which we could rely.

Rather than attempting to chain MAIL FROM to MAIL FROM  with a series of
new headers there is a much easier way to arrive at your goal. 
(Assuming the goal is to track the user.)  Although currently the HELO
domain is being ignored as it is seldom authenticated, it does establish
an identity which does relate to the author of the message.  The HELO
domain indicates their choice of provider.  You can use either the MAIL
FROM or the FROM mailbox domain to reference a simple name list that can
be obtained in a single lookup which includes the roots for all the
nominal providers for this mailbox domain.

_helo.my-mailbox-domain.com. PTR my-isp.com.
                                  PTR my-other-isp.com
                                  PTR coffee-shop.com
                                  PTR hotel.com
                                  PTR office.com
For more details see:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-otis-marid-mpr-00.txt 
 
The information you need to establish this daisy chain already exist
within the current SMTP protocol.  It only requires that the HELO domain
authentication be repaired. (Thanks to Dave Crocker, this is being done
with CSV.)  And a simple name list as in the example.  Unlike SPF,
declaring this list "open-ended" will not invite spoofing.

I assure you this technique never requires a sequence of queries as is
needed for SPF.  This technique provides the SAME information that could
be obtained using either SPF or Sender-ID for that matter.  In fact, the
list could be designated to be valid for the PRA mailbox domain.  Rather
than using a generic label like _mpr or _helo as in the example, there
could be lists such as with labels using _mailfrom, _from, or _pra for
that matter.  If the goal is to decide if the message is being spoofed,
then this accomplish that goal in a much safer manner.

Using a script to provide a comprehensive address list for a vast array
of hosts will demand constant maintenance or excessive lookups.  The
alternative is to simply list the names of the domains being used.  Even
CSV just uses names and therefore does not require the address to be
defined.  (This is a function of the record.)  The need for a parser
also risks constraining the source port for the DNS query and then
walking through a sequence of domain name servers is absolutely risky.

Again, if you describe your goals and worry less about applying a series
of band-aids, the goal can be safely achieved. 

-Doug




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To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, <spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com>
Subject: Article with Microsoft comments on future of Sender ID
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I'll note that Microsoft is making incorrect statements regarding
its "SenderID" framework. In fact MARID IETF working group HAS NOT 
"recommended to move forward with the framework as experimental",
such recomendation would have required consensus of the WG and in
fact majority of participants in the WG were completely against
Sender ID and PRA documents to become either experimental or
standard track RFC. 

What did happen is that IETF Area Director "asked" individual
participants to submit their proposals to IETF for review by yet to be 
formed IETF directorate that will then decide if they are worth moving 
forward to become EXERIMENTAL RFC based on their value and based on if 
they are or not in conflict with existing IETF standards.

http://www.pointnclickinc.com/articles09272004msftqanda.htm
--------------------------------------------------------------

Released by permission from Microsoft 
 
Pointnclick, Inc Question:
In the last week, reports spread that the IETF MARID rejected SenderID, 
then, on 9/21 MSFT stated that the IETF was in support SenderID.  Then, 
the IETF terminated MARID, the group reportedly lacking support for 
SenderID authentication.  Since the IETF's tepid support for SenderID was 
cited by AOL as a problem for developing a unified standard, do you think 
this opens the door to getting things back on track for a single standard 
again?

Microsoft Answer:

To clarify, Sender ID has not been rejected by the IETF. In fact, before 
it's closure, the IETF's MARID working group recommended to move forward 
with the framework as experimental and have the industry begin to test the 
proposal in real-world implementation.  

MARID also recommended Sender ID include an alternative spoof checking 
mechanism to the proposed PRA check to now also include a "MAIL FROM"
check. We believe MARID's proposal to allow multiple scopes in the 
protocol is a reasonable approach to provide additional choice and 
flexibility and we will be publishing a revised specification for the 
industry later this week.  We will continue our collaboration with 
industry stakeholders to help move this important authentication protocol 
forward.  

AOL's decision to conduct only "MAIL FROM" checks as outlined in the 
original SPF proposal reflects the kind of flexibility and room for choice 
provided by the IETF’s recommendation to broaden Sender ID framework. 
What's encouraging about AOL's announcement is that they will join us in 
publishing both records and we continue to recommend that all mail senders 
do the same.  

Sender ID remains a very promising framework. We have been deeply engaged 
with others in the industry to make changes to the spec that are 
consistent with the recommendations made by the MARID working group 
co-chairs early this month.

Moving forward, we also continue to believe complementary technologies 
such as signing solutions and computational proofs will be important to 
address other technical aspects of spam that these IP-based authentication 
mechanisms do not address.
 



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> What did happen is that IETF Area Director "asked" individual
> participants to submit their proposals to IETF for review by 
> yet to be 
> formed IETF directorate that will then decide if they are 
> worth moving 
> forward to become EXERIMENTAL RFC based on their value and 
> based on if 
> they are or not in conflict with existing IETF standards.

Speaking of incorrect statements... ;-)

IETF Directorates do not make decisions.  I know that some people think they
do, but they have no decision making power.  They exist to provide focused
review at the request of members of the IESG.  The IESG ultimately decides
if a proposal will be published as an experimental RFC.

-Scott-
(the other Apps AD)




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On Tue, 28 Sep 2004, Scott Hollenbeck wrote:

> Speaking of incorrect statements... ;-)
> 
> IETF Directorates do not make decisions.  I know that some people think they
> do, but they have no decision making power.  They exist to provide focused
> review at the request of members of the IESG.  The IESG ultimately decides
> if a proposal will be published as an experimental RFC.
> 
> -Scott-
> (the other Apps AD)

Thank you for your correction :)

And correct me if I'm wrong :), but the same also applies to the IETF 
Working Group as neither WG nor chairs of WG make decisions about 
documents going to standard or experimental status, instead they make 
recomendation to IESG which is the ultimate decision maker on status 
of IETF documents and which is supposed to make these decisions based on 
both recomendation of the WG and based on comments received from other 
IETF participants during last call for the documents.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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> And correct me if I'm wrong :), but the same also applies to the IETF 
> Working Group as neither WG nor chairs of WG make decisions about 
> documents going to standard or experimental status, instead they make 
> recomendation to IESG which is the ultimate decision maker on status 
> of IETF documents and which is supposed to make these 
> decisions based on 
> both recomendation of the WG and based on comments received 
> from other 
> IETF participants during last call for the documents.

Not exactly.  It's more typical for working group document status decisions
to be made as part of the working group chartering process.  The expected
working group outputs (documents, including their standards track status)
are documented in the charter.  IETF review is part of the chartering
process, so the issue of document status is ultimately one discussed within
and recommended by the community.  Changes can be made over time; we have
processes for that.  The IESG does have final approval authority, though.

The situation is a bit different when a working group is unable to complete
the work outlined in the charter; see section 4 of RFC 2418.  At that point
the documents can be abandoned as unfinished work or they can be pursued as
individual submissions outside of the working group.  RFC 2026 describes the
options.

-Scott-




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Danny Angus writes:
> William,
> 
> The problem I see with this is that multiple hops cannot be used in
> conjunction with New-xx and Original-xx headers.
> What you'd have to do would be to use a single header which both identifies
> the hop that changed the headers and records the change.
> 
> Lets assume that the regular headers are rewritten and therefore contain
> the "new" values, so we only really need to preserve the history.
> That can be accomodated in the "Processed by" by simply inserting the
> original values for the fields logged as changed.
> 
> Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
>   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
>   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> 
> Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> 
>   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ;
> 
> As for the name, call it like it is. If this is to address the issues of
> automatic (c.f. by a users explicit action) re-insertion of messages into
> the delivery system call it
> "Reinserted-by"
> 
> But... also add a timestamp so we can accurately order these things
> 
> Reinserted-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
>   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
>   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> 
> Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> 
>   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; Tue, 28 Sep 2004
> 00:43:21 -0700 (PDT)
> 
> At the end of the day though it still looks like a mechanism by which
> someone could fabricate a whole imagined history for a message, rather than
> anything upon which we could rely.

I think that's unavoidable in a lot of cases -- the best approach to
deal with that is to either

  - (a) do not trust anything that wasn't added by a machine on
    your own network, or

  - (b) know where your "trust boundaries" lie, and stop looking
    once the message has gone one step beyond that boundary, since
    any other tracking info is possibly forged.

This is the approach we take in SpamAssassin when dealing with
Received headers.

- --j.

> d.
> 
> ---
> Danny Angus
> (apache james)
> 
> > Together with it introduced are
> > Original-???? headers which are to be used to preserve original
> > values of the headers that are being changed.
> 
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Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Justin Mason <jm@jmason.org>
Cc: Danny Angus <Danny_Angus@slc.co.uk>,
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On Tue, 2004-09-28 at 12:12, Justin Mason wrote:
> Danny Angus writes:
> > William,
> > 
> > The problem I see with this is that multiple hops cannot be used in
> > conjunction with New-xx and Original-xx headers.
> > What you'd have to do would be to use a single header which both identifies
> > the hop that changed the headers and records the change.
> > 
> > Lets assume that the regular headers are rewritten and therefore contain
> > the "new" values, so we only really need to preserve the history.
> > That can be accomodated in the "Processed by" by simply inserting the
> > original values for the fields logged as changed.
> > 
> > Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
> >   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
> >   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> > 
> > Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> > 
> >   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ;
> > 
> > As for the name, call it like it is. If this is to address the issues of
> > automatic (c.f. by a users explicit action) re-insertion of messages into
> > the delivery system call it
> > "Reinserted-by"
> > 
> > But... also add a timestamp so we can accurately order these things
> > 
> > Reinserted-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
> >   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
> >   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> > 
> > Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> > 
> >   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; Tue, 28 Sep 2004
> > 00:43:21 -0700 (PDT)
> > 
> > At the end of the day though it still looks like a mechanism by which
> > someone could fabricate a whole imagined history for a message, rather than
> > anything upon which we could rely.
> 
> I think that's unavoidable in a lot of cases -- the best approach to
> deal with that is to either
> 
>   - (a) do not trust anything that wasn't added by a machine on
>     your own network, or
> 
>   - (b) know where your "trust boundaries" lie, and stop looking
>     once the message has gone one step beyond that boundary, since
>     any other tracking info is possibly forged.
> 
> This is the approach we take in SpamAssassin when dealing with
> Received headers.

This is also a good reason to reconsider the use of an authenticated
HELO domain and Received headers.  This name never relies upon anything
beyond the adjacent agent outside the local domain.  It is dead simple
for a mailbox domain to reference a list of root names for all approved
mail transfer agents.  Use this information, obtained in one DNS query,
to detect spoofing.  No address entries are needed to support this
mechanism and open-ended lists are not a problem.

-Doug



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Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
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On Tue, 28 Sep 2004, Danny Angus wrote:

> William,
> 
> The problem I see with this is that multiple hops cannot be used in
> conjunction with New-xx and Original-xx headers.
> What you'd have to do would be to use a single header which both identifies
> the hop that changed the headers and records the change.

I'll have recomendations how they can, basicly saying that Original-*
headers that follow Processed-By and that are specifically mentioned in
Processed-By changed list should be considered to be part of the same
trace data.
 
> Lets assume that the regular headers are rewritten and therefore contain
> the "new" values, so we only really need to preserve the history.
> That can be accomodated in the "Processed by" by simply inserting the
> original values for the fields logged as changed.
>
> Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
>   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
>   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> 
> Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> 
>   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ;

I partially agree with it, especially as it concerns envelope data.
I note that RFC2821 identities are in standard mailbox format and its
easier to add them as part of the header line, but RFC2822 headers
have more complex structure and its difficult to encapsulate them
as part of trace header, so I prefer to simly allow MTAs to copy them
as is into "Original-" header.

So my solution is thus that changes to envelope data would be reported
as part of the Processed-By header (just like it is done currently
in Received headers) but that Original-xxx headers stay for reporting
values that RFC2822 headers had before they were changed.

Youre suggestion about timestamp is also appropriate and I already thought
it might be good idea myself before too. So here is example of new format 
that I propose for this trace header:

Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
   original-envelope recepient=ietf@ietf.org,
    return-path=user@example.com, submitter=user@example.com
   new-envelope recepient=william@elan.net, 
     return-path=ietf@ietf.org, submitter=ietf@ietf.org
   changed-headers To, List-ID, Sender, CC
   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; 
    Tue, 28 Sep 2004 00:43:21 -0700 (PDT)
Original-To: ietf@ietf.org
Original-Sender: secretary@example.org


I'll note that NOT ALL headers that are listed in "changed-headers"
are present as separate Original-* headers. Those that are not present
are considered to have been added rather then changed, so of the above
the two headers that have been changed are "To" and "Sender" while
"CC" and "List-ID" have beed added by mail list but there were not
previously in the email message data. This brings the question if it is 
better to separate these into "changed-headers" and "added-headers"?

> As for the name, call it like it is. If this is to address the issues of
> automatic (c.f. by a users explicit action) re-insertion of messages into
> the delivery system call it "Reinserted-by"

The header is intended for use by MTAs doing automated procesing 
during transmission of the message, not by processes done by MUA.
In fact the text might even state that if user-action forwarding
is done than it maybe more appropriate to use Resent- headers
instead of Procesed-By header. That is why my original name was
"Trasmitted-By" - it reflects that changes are being done during
transmission of the message, however the name does not well show
that header informs about changes in message parameters, so I think
I'm going to continue with "Processed-By" name.

> At the end of the day though it still looks like a mechanism by which
> someone could fabricate a whole imagined history for a message, rather than
> anything upon which we could rely.

That is obsolutely true and I'll have to mention this in the "Security 
Considerations" section. So this header is nothing more then new kind
trace header like Received that is intended to aid systems that are 
trying to see what happened to the message in transit and they are 
supposed to view this with the same level of believe as received headers.

However if ultimately we develop an automated email signature system
than it would be possible to provide by means of encryption algorithm
to confirm that headers were indeed added by whoever claimed it and
then its a matter if you trust that system to report what happened 
to email in truthfull way or not. 

On this note, in the next version of MTA Signatures proposal, I'll have a 
better way to sign trace headers (actually it'll look closer to Yahoo DK 
with header signature line that will reflect signing of multiple headers 
proceeding the line - but with actual encryption data being still in the 
separate PKCS7 MIME attachment).

---
William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
 mailto: william@elan.net
Anti-Spam and Email Security Research Worksite:
 http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Tue Sep 28 19:56:22 2004
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From: "william(at)elan.net" <william@elan.net>
To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org, <spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com>
Subject: Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
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And FYI - I really do appreciate all suggestions I received both public 
and private ones. They are all very helpfull and even if I do not respond
to you directly, I'm gratefull for you participation in development
of this idea.

William

On Tue, 28 Sep 2004, william(at)elan.net wrote:

> On Tue, 28 Sep 2004, Danny Angus wrote:
> 
> > William,
> > 
> > The problem I see with this is that multiple hops cannot be used in
> > conjunction with New-xx and Original-xx headers.
> > What you'd have to do would be to use a single header which both identifies
> > the hop that changed the headers and records the change.
> 
> I'll have recomendations how they can, basicly saying that Original-*
> headers that follow Processed-By and that are specifically mentioned in
> Processed-By changed list should be considered to be part of the same
> trace data.
>  
> > Lets assume that the regular headers are rewritten and therefore contain
> > the "new" values, so we only really need to preserve the history.
> > That can be accomodated in the "Processed by" by simply inserting the
> > original values for the fields logged as changed.
> >
> > Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
> >   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
> >   changed-fields List-ID=oldvaluee,Sender=oldvalue,CC=oldvalue,
> > 
> > Envelope-Recepient=oldvalue,Envelope-ReturnPath=oldvalue,Envelope-Submitter=oldvalue
> > 
> >   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ;
> 
> I partially agree with it, especially as it concerns envelope data.
> I note that RFC2821 identities are in standard mailbox format and its
> easier to add them as part of the header line, but RFC2822 headers
> have more complex structure and its difficult to encapsulate them
> as part of trace header, so I prefer to simly allow MTAs to copy them
> as is into "Original-" header.
> 
> So my solution is thus that changes to envelope data would be reported
> as part of the Processed-By header (just like it is done currently
> in Received headers) but that Original-xxx headers stay for reporting
> values that RFC2822 headers had before they were changed.
> 
> Youre suggestion about timestamp is also appropriate and I already thought
> it might be good idea myself before too. So here is example of new format 
> that I propose for this trace header:
> 
> Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
>    on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
>    original-envelope recepient=ietf@ietf.org,
>     return-path=user@example.com, submitter=user@example.com
>    new-envelope recepient=william@elan.net, 
>      return-path=ietf@ietf.org, submitter=ietf@ietf.org
>    changed-headers To, List-ID, Sender, CC
>    process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ; 
>     Tue, 28 Sep 2004 00:43:21 -0700 (PDT)
> Original-To: ietf@ietf.org
> Original-Sender: secretary@example.org
> 
> 
> I'll note that NOT ALL headers that are listed in "changed-headers"
> are present as separate Original-* headers. Those that are not present
> are considered to have been added rather then changed, so of the above
> the two headers that have been changed are "To" and "Sender" while
> "CC" and "List-ID" have beed added by mail list but there were not
> previously in the email message data. This brings the question if it is 
> better to separate these into "changed-headers" and "added-headers"?
> 
> > As for the name, call it like it is. If this is to address the issues of
> > automatic (c.f. by a users explicit action) re-insertion of messages into
> > the delivery system call it "Reinserted-by"
> 
> The header is intended for use by MTAs doing automated procesing 
> during transmission of the message, not by processes done by MUA.
> In fact the text might even state that if user-action forwarding
> is done than it maybe more appropriate to use Resent- headers
> instead of Procesed-By header. That is why my original name was
> "Trasmitted-By" - it reflects that changes are being done during
> transmission of the message, however the name does not well show
> that header informs about changes in message parameters, so I think
> I'm going to continue with "Processed-By" name.
> 
> > At the end of the day though it still looks like a mechanism by which
> > someone could fabricate a whole imagined history for a message, rather than
> > anything upon which we could rely.
> 
> That is obsolutely true and I'll have to mention this in the "Security 
> Considerations" section. So this header is nothing more then new kind
> trace header like Received that is intended to aid systems that are 
> trying to see what happened to the message in transit and they are 
> supposed to view this with the same level of believe as received headers.
> 
> However if ultimately we develop an automated email signature system
> than it would be possible to provide by means of encryption algorithm
> to confirm that headers were indeed added by whoever claimed it and
> then its a matter if you trust that system to report what happened 
> to email in truthfull way or not. 
> 
> On this note, in the next version of MTA Signatures proposal, I'll have a 
> better way to sign trace headers (actually it'll look closer to Yahoo DK 
> with header signature line that will reflect signing of multiple headers 
> proceeding the line - but with actual encryption data being still in the 
> separate PKCS7 MIME attachment).
> 
> ---
> William Leibzon, Elan Networks:
>  mailto: william@elan.net
> Anti-Spam and Email Security Research Worksite:
>  http://www.elan.net/~william/emailsecurity/



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On 9/23/2004 12:15 AM, Matthew Elvey sent forth electrons to convey:

 >
 > Aha!  I found the post with the relevant stats. They're from March, 
though.  Also, my recollection was off - domains using the ten most 
popular SPF records included only 1/2 of the total domains with records.
 > http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg00644.html  Something 
reasonably recent would be great.
 >
 > Anyway, let's consider the top ten (which I've reordered a bit) from 
wayne:
 ><misformatted mess>


Arrgh - here's that without the rewrapping:

Columns are:
Popularity rank of such records; # of such records; record value.

1  1097 v=spf1 mx -all
3   463 v=spf1 a mx ptr -all
4   429 v=spf1 a mx -all
9   131 v=spf1 a mx ?all
6   306 v=spf1 a -all
The above would generally take 1-3 UDP DNS queries to resolve.

5   325 v=spf1 -all
7   171 v=spf1 +exists:CL.%{i}.FR.%{s}.HE.%{h}.null.spf.example.com -all
8   131 v=spf1 include:example.org ~all
10  130 v=spf1 ?all
These are equivalent to the null set, for the purposes of my proposal.

2   804 v=spf1 ip4:a.b.c.d/32 ip4:a.b.c.d/32 a ptr mx -all
This is probably no longer in the top ten.



On Thu, 23 Sep 2004 03:39:03 -0700, "Douglas Otis"
<dotis@mail-abuse.org> said:
> On Thu, 2004-09-23 at 00:15, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> <snip>
> > >
> > >> Huh?  The question is about the record given, which has none of these 
> > >> problems. (  foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all" )
> > >
> > > There is a good overview here.
> > > http://www.securityfocus.com/guest/17905
> >   
> > Yes, a good refresher.  Anyway it leads me to believe that the record 
> > only suffers from a problem that also afflicts CSV and that a good bind9 
> > or djbdns config can handle.
> 
> I would agree that someone making an effort could protect their DNS
> servers, but the risks parsing script in DNS TXT records traipsing from
> DNS server to DNS server does not compare to a single lookup of a binary
> record.
I got that the first time you said it.
Matching to a fixed set of, say a dozen allowed strings does not make a
script.
That would allow a large fraction of SPF records to be used for the
purposes of my proposal.

> 
> > > By limiting the mechanism to a single DNS lookup to a single DNS server,
> > > the exposure is much less.  
> >
> > Ok, it is a little less.  The risk is also low to start with. (Birthday 
> > attacks aren't common, AFAIK; I've never logged one.)  It's even lower 
> > to nonexistent given recent/patched/secure DNS software and systems 
> > (e.g. a split-split configuration).
> 
> This is entering a new territory where DNS is used to authorize
> transactions with a cost incentive to defeat these protections.  Yes,
> one could use carefully configured DNS servers to minimize this risk. 
> This should not overlook the fact this risk was not necessary however.

No there are already reasonable scenarios where there are cost
incentives to defeat these protections.
Phishing, for example - if http://www.marktwainbank.com points to a
phisher's site.
> 
> > > For what it is worth, SPF "requires" more than a single record be read
> > > perhaps from many different DNS servers.  This opens a sizable can of
> > > worms.  
> >
> > Clearly, I need to better explain my scheme, as it still seems unclear 
> > to you that what SPF "requires" isn't relevant to my proposal!
> > Please, can you give up using this as an opportunity to bash SPF?  It's 
> > OT. (Note the changed Subject:).
> 
> Using SPF records is not relevant to what is required of SPF?
> 
> If SPF was limited to CIDR notation and the MX record, then the value of
> SPF would increase significantly as a white-listing tool.  Much of the
> label construction macros and exists syntax reduce SPF's value and will
> likely serve to obfuscate a ploy that hides zombies.

So therefore you'd like to not use useful information that might be
found in SPF records, just because it might be seen as legitimizing the 
components of SFP records that you feel are unhelpful to the effort.

> 
> > > Example: Mailbox.tld has SPF records that define the entire address
> > > space for three of their providers where they outsource some of their
> > > mail, and their own.  I contend reputation should be based upon what you
> > > have control over.  That would mean it would not be to your advantage to
> > > include the machines of these other providers in a reputation
> > > assessment.  
> >   
> > Ah, I did say ip4 (and therefore CIDR ranges) might be OK.
> > (I did suggest subsequently in mail to John Leslie that perhaps just 
> > +ip4:a.b.c.d/32 might be OK, note the /32!)
> > Perhaps even that isn't a good idea, as
> > 
> > mailbox.dom spf   ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
> > 
> > enables me to inappropriately stake my domain's reputation on the 
> > ability of ISPs 1-3 to keep their smtp servers from being used to spam.
> > HOWEVER:  It's already the case that such SPF records are 
> > inappropriate.  If I don't have high confidence in the ISPs, then the 
> > appropriate record would be:
> > 
> > mailbox.dom spf   ?ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
> > and this record would be equivalent to the null set in my scheme: my proposal ignores ~anything and ?anything.
> > Similarly, anyone creating a record like 
> > 
> > > mailbox.dom spf cidr isp1, cidr isp2, cidr isp3, cidr for self.
> I [DO NOT] think the motive for using SPF
> records for this purpose is well founded.  If the MTA is not willing to
> provide a significantly strong identifier, it does not make sense to
> start guessing what is meant by the SPF records.  
I argue that it does make sense to do so, and can be done safely.

> The fall back would be
> using the address.  
The IP address?  Sure, that's an option.  (I note that RBL entries in a 
sense are MARID - they indicate MAPS' opinion as to whether a MTAs 
should be Authorized by MAPS' users to transmit mail to them, expressed 
as Records In the Dns.)

 > There can be no implied contract where a domain
> becomes accountable for the actions of others trusted to send their
> mail.
<Insert previously provided argument that this is not what I'm asserting...>
> 
> A provider lax in their security should not be allowed to hide behind
> their customer's domains.  Should the provider wish to force the
> customer to accept this risk, they can ask to have the customer setup a
> CSV-CSA record that enables their servers.  You do not want this
> accountability to be implied as you suggest.  
I DO NOT SUGGEST THIS. WTF?  How many times do I have to say it?
> 
> > [mailbox.dom] will suffer the consequences of doing something so dumb,
> > if one of the 3 ISPs seriously fails keep their smtp servers from
> > being used to spam using mailbox.dom. The domain will get blacklisted
> > (in other words, its reputation will fall), and the spoofing will
> > stop.
> 
> SPF requires the addresses of the entire mail channel.  It is odd that
> you would call that dumb.  
No, you still don't get it.  You ignore or don't understand the 
difference between + and ? in an SPF1 record, as defined in the I-D / 
explained a couple paragraphs down.

Once again, I think this would be dumb:
 > mailbox.dom spf   ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp2's 
smtp]/32,ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
not this:
 > mailbox.dom spf   ?ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32, 
?ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all



> > > The rules that accept only closed SPF components still do not achieve a
> > > goal of assessing only the administrator accountable.
> >   
> > The rules I am refining do achieve that goal. Arguably, they do so 
> > better than CSV, because they'll work for most domains that haven't 
> > bothered to set up a CSV record.  Heck, using the SPF 'best guess' may 
> > be appropriate where there's no SPF or CSV record - the A&R system will 
> > reflect reality if this guess allows much spam through.
> 
> I would hope it never comes to groping through various TXT script
> records looking for a clue.  I understand what you are attempting, but
> there are risks getting this wrong.  It is not worth the risk.

Let's agree to disagree and move on.  (Or at least let's move this 
thread to
<http://mipassoc.org/ietf-clear/>) - Please reply there; I won't post 
further here on this thread.)
> 
> <snip>
> >
> > > Just removing open elements will not achieve the desired goal as it does
> > > not provide the same set.
> >   
> > That's not a logical argument.  The ultimate desired goal is to address 
> > the spam problem.  It may or may not be material to achievement of that 
> > goal to get "the same set".
> 
> There are significant liabilities getting this wrong.    

Well, duh.  That statement is true whenever one is doing something 
important.  So we proceed thoughtfully and get it right.

> 
> > > SPF does not have the concept of administrative versus authorized. 
I would say it does.
I would say that ? is for servers that are tentatively authorized, and + 
is for servers that are administered by the entity owning the domain.  + 
normally indicates a server that the domain claims is administered 
responsibly; ? indicates a server that it isn't sure is administered 
responsibly, but neverleless does not want to deny the ability to use 
the domain.

> > > There is nothing in the syntax that would allow the differentiation.
See above.
> > >  In
> > > addition, the EHLO name can express any label to select any record.
> >   
> > a record for aol.com is still differentiable from one for 
> > dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com!
> 
> But either label may appear within the EHLO response.  You want a label
> that can only be used for the single purpose of indicating the
> administration of the MTA.  From this information, it is a small matter
> to establish the mailbox-domain/mail-channel association.  
For many domains this info isn't available.  And until CSV takes off, it 
makes sense to use the available info in a responsible manner as I 
propose.  Especially if the pressure to publish SPF records continues to 
increase.



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Subject: Re: [Maybe Spam] Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
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William,

<snipped some stuff I'm not going to disagree with/>

> So here is example of new format
> that I propose for this trace header:

Processed-By: odin.ietf.org (ip=[132.151.1.176])
   on-behalf-of ietf@megatron.ietf.org
   original-envelope recepient=ietf@ietf.org,
    return-path=user@example.com, submitter=user@example.com
   new-envelope recepient=william@elan.net,
     return-path=ietf@ietf.org, submitter=ietf@ietf.org
   changed-headers To, List-ID, Sender, CC
   process-type maillist (list-id=<ietf.ietf.org>) ;
    Tue, 28 Sep 2004 00:43:21 -0700 (PDT)
Original-To: ietf@ietf.org
Original-Sender: secretary@example.org


I think it is too much (header bloat, to coin a phrase), but I don't have
anything very constructive to say at this point beyond that fact that I
believe we should take every step to avoid duplication of information in
(or between) the envelope or(/and) the message headers.

Meaning that I would prefer (simply as a purist) a standard which mandated
existing optional behaviour, rather than duplicate the optional with a
mandatory alternative.
Instead of MAY add some piece of data to an existing header type, make it
SHOULD instead and already those people who implement the option will be
compliant with that new thing and messages won't bloat.

<more sniping..>

>The header is intended for use by MTAs doing automated procesing
>during transmission of the message, not by processes done by MUA.
>In fact the text might even state that if user-action forwarding
>is done than it maybe more appropriate to use Resent- headers
>instead of Procesed-By header.

Ok I already got this, it relates to .forward, .aliases and mailinglist
scenarios.
The only reason we believe that we can't use Resent headers...:

" Resent fields SHOULD be added to any message that is reintroduced by
   a user into the transport system.  A separate set of resent fields
   SHOULD be added each time this is done."

... is ...:

" They MUST NOT be used in the normal
   processing of replies or other such automatic actions on messages."

So if there is any requirement at all it is to handle
"automatic actions on a message by which that message is automatically
reintroduced _on behalf of_ a user into the transport system"

Hence I still maintain that "Reinserted" or "Reintroduced" would
disambiguate the purpose of the headers, and compliment "Resent".

<more snipping/>

I agree with your brief analysis of security, in particular with the point
that it would be no less trustworthy than any existing mechanism. However I
will continue to question the value of having such a big new burden (the
transport and processing of all that new data) without there being any
mechanism to ensure that it has any real added-value for the recipient at
all.

d.




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Pretty much what Danny Angus said:
I strongly prefer a standard which adds mandates that improve
consistency, and mandates existing optional behaviour, rather than
duplicates the optional with a mandatory alternative.
Instead of MAY add some piece of data to an existing header type, make
it SHOULD or MUST instead and already those people who implement the
option will be compliant with that new thing.

An example: 
Virtually all MTAs *that send mail directly over the public Internet*
(note the qualifier) already send a FQDN in their HELO(EHLO).  Mandating
an appropriate FQDN in HELO is something that many border MTAs already
enforce and would be good to codify in such a standard (which would be
forbidding something 2821 allows).  Broad CSV deployment will make this
a MUST on the public Internet whether a consistent
(forwarder/remailer/list) header info standard or the CSV standard
mandate it or not.
> 
> <more sniping..>
s/sniping/snipping/ -Freudian slip?  :)   <joking...>
> 

I see no evidence that the proposed header has any real added-value for
the recipient at all.



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To: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
cc: MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>, <spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com>
Subject: Re: [Maybe Spam] Re: Processed-By (or Transmitted-By) header concept
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On Wed, 29 Sep 2004, Matthew Elvey wrote:

> Pretty much what Danny Angus said:
> I strongly prefer a standard which adds mandates that improve
> consistency, and mandates existing optional behaviour, rather than
> duplicates the optional with a mandatory alternative.
> Instead of MAY add some piece of data to an existing header type, make
> it SHOULD or MUST instead and already those people who implement the
> option will be compliant with that new thing.

Did I ever say this was a mandatory or alternative to anything?

Just like information put in the received lines is not mandatory but
is considered to be "good behavior" so would this be good behavior
for systems that change source and destination addresses in transit.
It is definetly not going to be MUST at best SHOULD for old values
and MAY for new values (although i prefer SHOULD...)

I also note that information provided by the construct is currently
not available at all. This is its value, as it allows to see changes
made to email source and destination in consistant way. 

As far as amount of data, over 50% of emails (especially the shorter ones) 
are user to user (source to destination) direct and would not have this 
line, the other emails mostly pass through one or two forwarding hops 
which already add tons of Received and X- lines, at best this would add
25% extra header data to such emails. And in any case, all this data is
completely ignored by most end-users who are not techs and are not 
interested in how email got to them.

Also all email signing systems will add A LOT MORE data to emails just
by the fact that full signatures takes a lot more space. I'm not against
it and infact based on the amount of email data that ISP processe, it
seems that percent of SMTP traffic over overall traffic decreased (inspite
of increasing amount of spam). What happened is that ISP infrastructure 
has been upgraded with a lot bigger pipes both on the ISP networks and to
end-users who now often have DSL and cable and email use which was big
deal during dialup still remains but for DSL subscriber the real use
of internet is now P2P, MP3 downloads, gaming, HTML surfing with a lot
more graphics, etc. So we should not see ideas that cause increase in
size of emails as big deal for network infrastructure - it'll have
minimum impact on it and most it could is increase size of email box
storage but with advancement of storage devices and hard drives of
300GB now on the market (as opposed to 30GB 5 years ago), this also
woule have no serious impact.

-- 
William Leibzon
Elan Networks
william@elan.net



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Subject: Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with legacy SPF records?
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
Cc: MXCOMP <ietf-mxcomp@imc.org>
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On Tue, 2004-09-28 at 21:10, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> On 9/23/2004 12:15 AM, Matthew Elvey sent forth electrons to convey:
>
> > Aha!  I found the post with the relevant stats. They're from March,
> > though.  Also, my recollection was off - domains using the ten most
> > popular SPF records included only 1/2 of the total domains with
> > records.
> > http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/mail-archive/msg00644.html  Something
> > reasonably recent would be great.
> >
> > Anyway, let's consider the top ten (which I've reordered a bit) from
> > wayne:
> ><misformatted mess>
>
> Arrgh - here's that without the rewrapping:
> 
> Columns are:
> Popularity rank of such records; # of such records; record value.
> 
> 1  1097 v=spf1 mx -all
> 3   463 v=spf1 a mx ptr -all
> 4   429 v=spf1 a mx -all
> 9   131 v=spf1 a mx ?all
> 6   306 v=spf1 a -all
>
> The above would generally take 1-3 UDP DNS queries to resolve.

This would take a minimum of 2 DNS lookups and require a script parser
which entails its own risks. Your goal of being able to use existing SPF
records overlooks the very important point SPF does not identify the
administrator of the mail transfer agent.  These SPF records are only to
authorize the sending of messages for specific mailbox domains. These
SPF records may entail addresses beyond the control the administrator of
the mailbox domain.  It is pointless to make proclamations regarding the
significance of the "+", the range of a label, or the scope of CIDR
notation and the mailbox domain administrator's implied acceptance of
liabilities.  You are the one guessing what is implied by the addresses.
You are the one alleging this implied agreement in supplying these
addresses.  You are the one that will take the full brunt of being
wrong.  At best, it remains a guess what is being declared by the
addresses.

SPF does not do this better. SPF does not do this in a safer way.  SPF
does not do this in a more expedient way.  These examples of SPF records
do nothing that can not already be assumed and do nothing to overcome
the reason this approach failed with SMTP, and why there is an
exception.         

> 5   325 v=spf1 -all
> 7   171 v=spf1 +exists:CL.%{i}.FR.%{s}.HE.%{h}.null.spf.example.com -all
> 8   131 v=spf1 include:example.org ~all
> 10  130 v=spf1 ?all
>
> These are equivalent to the null set, for the purposes of my proposal.

What is the point excluding an "include" but not a CIDR address?  What
is the point suggesting the shorthand "mx" and "a" notation offers any
additional benefit. 

> 2   804 v=spf1 ip4:a.b.c.d/32 ip4:a.b.c.d/32 a ptr mx -all
>
> This is probably no longer in the top ten.
> 
> On Thu, 23 Sep 2004 03:39:03 -0700, "Douglas Otis" wrote:
> > On Thu, 2004-09-23 at 00:15, Matthew Elvey wrote:
> > <snip>
> > > >
> > > >> Huh?  The question is about the record given, which has none of these 
> > > >> problems. (  foo.dom.    IN    TXT      "v=spf1 mx -all" )
> > > >
> > > > There is a good overview here.
> > > > http://www.securityfocus.com/guest/17905
> > >   
> > > Yes, a good refresher.  Anyway it leads me to believe that the record 
> > > only suffers from a problem that also afflicts CSV and that a good bind9 
> > > or djbdns config can handle.
> > 
> > I would agree that someone making an effort could protect their DNS
> > servers, but the risks parsing script in DNS TXT records traipsing from
> > DNS server to DNS server does not compare to a single lookup of a binary
> > record.
>
> I got that the first time you said it.
> Matching to a fixed set of, say a dozen allowed strings does not make a
> script. That would allow a large fraction of SPF records to be used
> for the purposes of my proposal.

The translation of a set of textual constructs with specific syntax
constitutes script in my book.  Using a name list based upon the results
of CSV allows for both a safe and simple scheme that accomplishes the
same ends as SPF, but without having to express a single address.  No
addresses are entered for CSV, and no addresses would need to be entered
to define the mail channel for a mailbox domain using a name list. 
None.

There would be no need to daisy-chain new headers to connect MailFrom to
MailFrom either.  The Received headers logging the authenticated EHLO
information actually provides more reliable information without changing
a single element of SMTP.  All that is needed is CSV and a name list. 
This would allow anyone to know when the message was possibly being
spoofed without inviting spoofing and still allow mail to be accepted
from outside the mail channel. 

> > > > By limiting the mechanism to a single DNS lookup to a single DNS server,
> > > > the exposure is much less.  
> > >
> > > Ok, it is a little less.  The risk is also low to start with. (Birthday 
> > > attacks aren't common, AFAIK; I've never logged one.)  It's even lower 
> > > to nonexistent given recent/patched/secure DNS software and systems 
> > > (e.g. a split-split configuration).
> > 
> > This is entering a new territory where DNS is used to authorize
> > transactions with a cost incentive to defeat these protections.  Yes,
> > one could use carefully configured DNS servers to minimize this risk. 
> > This should not overlook the fact this risk was not necessary however.
> 
> No there are already reasonable scenarios where there are cost
> incentives to defeat these protections.
> Phishing, for example - if http://www.marktwainbank.com points to a
> phisher's site.
>  
> > > > For what it is worth, SPF "requires" more than a single record be read
> > > > perhaps from many different DNS servers.  This opens a sizable can of
> > > > worms.  
> > >
> > > Clearly, I need to better explain my scheme, as it still seems unclear 
> > > to you that what SPF "requires" isn't relevant to my proposal!
> > > Please, can you give up using this as an opportunity to bash SPF?  It's 
> > > OT. (Note the changed Subject:).
> > 
> > Using SPF records is not relevant to what is required of SPF?
> > 
> > If SPF was limited to CIDR notation and the MX record, then the value of
> > SPF would increase significantly as a white-listing tool.  Much of the
> > label construction macros and exists syntax reduce SPF's value and will
> > likely serve to obfuscate a ploy that hides zombies.
> 
> So therefore you'd like to not use useful information that might be
> found in SPF records, just because it might be seen as legitimizing the 
> components of SFP records that you feel are unhelpful to the effort.

You obviously do not understand the significant risk when making these
types of guesses or alleging acceptance of accountability. 

> > > > Example: Mailbox.tld has SPF records that define the entire address
> > > > space for three of their providers where they outsource some of their
> > > > mail, and their own.  I contend reputation should be based upon what you
> > > > have control over.  That would mean it would not be to your advantage to
> > > > include the machines of these other providers in a reputation
> > > > assessment.  
> > >   
> > > Ah, I did say ip4 (and therefore CIDR ranges) might be OK.
> > > (I did suggest subsequently in mail to John Leslie that perhaps just 
> > > +ip4:a.b.c.d/32 might be OK, note the /32!)
> > > Perhaps even that isn't a good idea, as
> > > 
> > > mailbox.dom spf   ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
> > > 
> > > enables me to inappropriately stake my domain's reputation on the 
> > > ability of ISPs 1-3 to keep their smtp servers from being used to spam.
> > > HOWEVER:  It's already the case that such SPF records are 
> > > inappropriate.  If I don't have high confidence in the ISPs, then the 
> > > appropriate record would be:
> > > 
> > > mailbox.dom spf   ?ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
> > > and this record would be equivalent to the null set in my scheme:
> > > my proposal ignores ~anything and ?anything.
> > > Similarly, anyone creating a record like 
> > > 
> > > > mailbox.dom spf cidr isp1, cidr isp2, cidr isp3, cidr for self.
> >
> > I [DO NOT] think the motive for using SPF
> > records for this purpose is well founded.  If the MTA is not willing to
> > provide a significantly strong identifier, it does not make sense to
> > start guessing what is meant by the SPF records.
>
>   
> I argue that it does make sense to do so, and can be done safely.

What happens when the scheme can not be defended beyond being used to
sort mail?  I doubt any reputation service would last very long making
these guesses and allegations.

> > The fall back would be using the address.
>   
> The IP address?  Sure, that's an option.  (I note that RBL entries in a 
> sense are MARID - they indicate MAPS' opinion as to whether a MTAs 
> should be Authorized by MAPS' users to transmit mail to them, expressed 
> as Records In the Dns.)

The mechanism used for the reputation service does not need to be based
upon DNS.  But the identity does need to be as strongly authenticated as
the IP address.

> > There can be no implied contract where a domain becomes accountable
> > for the actions of others trusted to send their mail.
>
> <Insert previously provided argument that this is not what I'm asserting...>

Ah, but it is what you are asserting. : ) 

> > A provider lax in their security should not be allowed to hide behind
> > their customer's domains.  Should the provider wish to force the
> > customer to accept this risk, they can ask to have the customer setup a
> > CSV-CSA record that enables their servers.  You do not want this
> > accountability to be implied as you suggest.
>
> I DO NOT SUGGEST THIS. WTF?  How many times do I have to say it?

You can attempt to reduce the scope of the SPF records by tossing out
those elements that appear to be under different administrators.  How
does this help?  When you create a "maybe" condition resulting from a
culling of the information, who is at fault either way?  This scheme
becomes damned by the gray.  CSV is purely black and white.  Why add
uncertainty and risk to a mechanism?
 
> > > [mailbox.dom] will suffer the consequences of doing something so dumb,
> > > if one of the 3 ISPs seriously fails keep their smtp servers from
> > > being used to spam using mailbox.dom. The domain will get blacklisted
> > > (in other words, its reputation will fall), and the spoofing will
> > > stop.
> > 
> > SPF requires the addresses of the entire mail channel.  It is odd that
> > you would call that dumb.
>
>   
> No, you still don't get it.  You ignore or don't understand the 
> difference between + and ? in an SPF1 record, as defined in the I-D / 
> explained a couple paragraphs down.
> 
> Once again, I think this would be dumb:
>
> > mailbox.dom spf   ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32,ip4:[isp2'ssmtp]/32,ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all
>
> not this:
> > mailbox.dom spf   ?ip4:[isp1's smtp]/32, ?ip4:[isp2's smtp]/32,?ip4:[isp3's smtp] -all

If one of the goals is to still allow mail to enter outside the mail
channel, why would that be dumb?  Some would rather trade reliable
delivery and a signature for this "must fit" approach.  At least using a
name list still allows a safe way to note when a message is outside the
mail channel without inviting a world of spoofers taking a ride on your
reputation.

> > > > The rules that accept only closed SPF components still do not achieve a
> > > > goal of assessing only the administrator accountable.
> > >   
> > > The rules I am refining do achieve that goal. Arguably, they do so 
> > > better than CSV, because they'll work for most domains that haven't 
> > > bothered to set up a CSV record.  Heck, using the SPF 'best guess' may 
> > > be appropriate where there's no SPF or CSV record - the A&R system will 
> > > reflect reality if this guess allows much spam through.
> > 
> > I would hope it never comes to groping through various TXT script
> > records looking for a clue.  I understand what you are attempting, but
> > there are risks getting this wrong.  It is not worth the risk.
> 
> Let's agree to disagree and move on.  (Or at least let's move this 
> thread to
> <http://mipassoc.org/ietf-clear/>) - Please reply there; I won't post 
> further here on this thread.)
>
> > <snip>
> > >
> > > > Just removing open elements will not achieve the desired goal as it does
> > > > not provide the same set.
> > >   
> > > That's not a logical argument.  The ultimate desired goal is to address 
> > > the spam problem.  It may or may not be material to achievement of that 
> > > goal to get "the same set".
> > 
> > There are significant liabilities getting this wrong.    
> 
> Well, duh.  That statement is true whenever one is doing something 
> important.  So we proceed thoughtfully and get it right.
> 
>  
> > > > SPF does not have the concept of administrative versus authorized. 
>
> I would say it does. I would say that ? is for servers that are
> tentatively authorized, and + is for servers that are administered by
> the entity owning the domain.  + normally indicates a server that the
> domain claims is administered responsibly; ? indicates a server that
> it isn't sure is administered responsibly, but never [the] less does
> not want to deny the ability to use the domain.

You are making assumptions how this syntax can be applied. Obviously the
manner of application is not under the control of the sender.  The
sender will be obliged to use whatever it takes to achieve their goal of
having mail accepted.  I do not see how the recipient can infer levels
of accountability for the mailbox domain administrator.  Do they get a
free pass when they declare their SPF records with a different domain
name than the mailbox domain, or in the case of CSV, a different HELO
name?  Reusing SPF records allows EHLO spoofing to use these records in
unintended ways.  

> > > > There is nothing in the syntax that would allow the differentiation.
>
> See above.
>
> > > > In addition, the EHLO name can express any label to select any
> > > > record.
> > >   
> > > a record for aol.com is still differentiable from one for 
> > > dhcp234.234.dialup.aol.com!
> > 
> > But either label may appear within the EHLO response.  You want a label
> > that can only be used for the single purpose of indicating the
> > administration of the MTA.  From this information, it is a small matter
> > to establish the mailbox-domain/mail-channel association.
>
> For many domains this info isn't available.  And until CSV takes off, it 
> makes sense to use the available info in a responsible manner as I 
> propose.  Especially if the pressure to publish SPF records continues to 
> increase.

Once an authenticated HELO name is made visible to the recipient as a
type of postmark, there will be plenty of motivation to publish these
CSV records to earn greater trust.  Name based reputation will also
enable significant protection from filtering.  All of this while making
fewer DNS record lookups. : )

-Doug



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Subject: Re: Make CSV backwards compatible with legacy SPF records?
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On Wed, 29 Sep 2004 22:53:39 -0700, "Douglas Otis" :

made a large number of false statements and provided no new logic, but
rehashed a bunch of old arguments that previous posts already address.

I trust that folks reading the thread (if there are any) can make their
own evaluation as to whether this proposal makes sense.
I see only repeat performances of the exact same arguments if I continue
to argue.

Doug also failed to move the thread, which I requested, as it was
appropriate. 

What is to say here has been said.

Matthew said:
> > Let's agree to disagree and move on.  (Or at least let's move this 
> > thread to
> > <http://mipassoc.org/ietf-clear/>) - Please reply there; I won't post 
> > further here on this thread [assuming you do respect that request].) 



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Subject: Re: [spf-discuss] Re: [Maybe Spam] Re: Processed-By (or
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William,

> Did I ever say this was a mandatory or alternative to anything?

> Just like information put in the received lines is not mandatory but
> is considered to be "good behavior" so would this be good behavior
> for systems that change source and destination addresses in transit.
> It is definetly not going to be MUST at best SHOULD for old values
> and MAY for new values (although i prefer SHOULD...)

My problem is that no matter how finely crafted this may be it will be of
very little practical use,
far more valuable in this role would be the normalisation, through
clarification and mandating, of existing optional compliant behaviour and
non-standard best practice.
I'm arguing exactly that we _should_ be replacing MAY with MUST or SHOULD
in existing specifications before creating a new header with a broad scope
which I suspect overlaps to some degree with many other _optional_ parts of
existing rfc's at various stages.

The net result would be that there would be a well supported set of
standards created from the de-facto behaviour of the majority, and probably
a clearly identifiable gap which may indeed need addressed in terms of new
specifications for new headers.

What I fail to see the benefit of is a new trace header that duplicates
existing information, involves the transmission of significant extra data
(by significant I mean that we are considering doubling the header involved
in every change), is not mandatory and would in practice be unreliable for
all but the last hop.

> I also note that information provided by the construct is currently
> not available at all. This is its value, as it allows to see changes
> made to email source and destination in consistant way.

I can see why you think this, but I would contend that if Received and
Resent headers included the full range of fields available to them and
HELO/EHLO contents were standardised and mandated a far more useful (but
not complete I grant you) picture would emerge.

>As far as amount of data, over 50% of emails (especially the shorter ones)

>are user to user (source to destination) direct and would not have this
>line, the other emails mostly pass through one or two forwarding hops
>which already add tons of Received and X- lines, at best this would add
>25% extra header data to such emails. And in any case, all this data is
>completely ignored by most end-users who are not techs and are not
>interested in how email got to them.

My point is that this information increases network traffic and MTA load
for _little_ gain.

> Also all email signing systems will add A LOT MORE data to emails just
> by the fact that full signatures takes a lot more space.

But here there is a quantifiable gain. This extra data guarantees quality,
signature data provides reliablity and enables security and trust.

> I'm not against
> it and infact based on the amount of email data that ISP processe, it
>seems that percent of SMTP traffic over overall traffic decreased (inspite
>of increasing amount of spam). What happened is that ISP infrastructure
>has been upgraded with a lot bigger pipes both on the ISP networks and to
>end-users who now often have DSL and cable and email use which was big
>deal during dialup still remains but for DSL subscriber the real use
>of internet is now P2P, MP3 downloads, gaming, HTML surfing with a lot
>more graphics, etc. So we should not see ideas that cause increase in
>size of emails as big deal for network infrastructure - it'll have
>minimum impact on it and most it could is increase size of email box
>storage but with advancement of storage devices and hard drives of
>300GB now on the market (as opposed to 30GB 5 years ago), this also
>woule have no serious impact.

Somewhere in every system's people is a guy who's job it is to cost and
justify bandwidth provision, home users buy what is available, business
users purchase bandwidth to satisfy their need, if that need is increased
as a result of increased message header sizes you'd better be prepared to
justify that increase in terms of security, savings available elsewhere, or
fixing a problem.

I mean no disrespect to you, I wouldn't be saying these things if I felt
that your proposals were way off beam and lacked merit, I have ideas of my
own which are complimentary to and compatible with your overall plan, and
they also benefit from enhanced traceability so you could say that I
understand the reasons behind this requirement. But I diverge from the
point, more of this later.
In the meantime however, I believe that the answer to this part of the
problem is to build consistency into the specifications of the headers
which already exist, and not to introduce a new one until we have found the
minimum data we require from it that we don't have the opportunity to
calculate from data contained elsewhere.

d.


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From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep 30 17:01:32 2004
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Subject: IPR issues bieng tested in court in Europe - and London, England is the worlds biggest hub
Date: Thu, 30 Sep 2004 22:30:19 +0200
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IPR issues bieng tested in court in Europe


http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/business/3703316.stm


London, England is the worlds biggest hub


http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/technology/3700290.stm



Slainte,

JohnP.
johnp@idimo.com
ICQ 313355492



From owner-ietf-mxcomp@mail.imc.org  Thu Sep 30 18:23:55 2004
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Hey guys, most engineers are opposed to incest, software patents and folk
dancing[*]. But that does not mean that we have to go into a protracted
discussion of such in this forum.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: jpinkerton [mailto:johnp@idimo.com]
> Sent: Thursday, September 30, 2004 4:30 PM
> To: ietf-mxcomp@imc.org
> Subject: IPR issues bieng tested in court in Europe - and London,
> England is the worlds biggest hub
> 
> 
> 
> IPR issues bieng tested in court in Europe
> 
> 
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/business/3703316.stm
> 
> 
> London, England is the worlds biggest hub
> 
> 
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/technology/3700290.stm
> 
> 
> 
> Slainte,
> 
> JohnP.
> johnp@idimo.com
> ICQ 313355492
> 



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> Hey guys, most engineers are opposed to incest, software 
> patents and folk
> dancing[*]. But that does not mean that we have to go into a 
> protracted discussion of such in this forum.

Not like it hasn't been done before or anything.  IPR is what finally doomed
MARID after all.

-- 
PGP key (0x0AFA039E): <http://www.pan-am.ca/consulting@pan-am.ca.asc>
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the game ends and where reality bites,
er, begins. <http://vmyths.com/resource.cfm?id=50&page=1>



