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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <Pine.HPX.4.10.10111301347200.24201-100000@hpindsra>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 23:59:28 -0800
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Siva,

> > The foreign agent should use the link-layer address of the incoming
(from
> > MN) packet
> > to send back the responds to the MN. So, FA can send a packet with
0.0.0.0
> > IP destination
> > address and MN's link-layer address as the destination MAC address.
> >
> > For that, foreign agent should note the source link-layer address of the
> > incoming packet.
> >
> > The same can also happen with simple rotuer discovery (sending router
> > solicitation, and
> > receiving router advertisement). Please see rfc1256.
>
> I agree with you regarding the usage of the link-layer address, which
> is standard means to forward replies to the MN. However, from the
> dicussions I have had with my "Transport" collegues regarding the
> usage of 0.0.0.0 as a dest address of a IP packet, it seems that:
>
>   The destination of 0.0.0.0 means "this machine on this network". So
>   by definition we CANNOT send a destination address of 0.0.0.0 onto
>   the network. This address is also used as a special address for DHCP
>   as a _source_ address. However it is not used as a destination.
>
> I was given RFC 1122 as a reference regarding the definition of
> the destination address 0.0.0.0.

Hmmm. I think I can explain how to implement this "sending to 0.0.0.0"
without causing problems (using link-layer address of the incoming packet),
but this still conflicts with the strict interpretation of RFC1122.

I think the strict interpretation of RFC1122 considers the case "sending to
0.0.0.0", not "sending to 0.0.0.0 where you know the link-layer address
of the destination".


>
> And for the same reason, an arp entry cannot be made at the FA to bind
> the MN's link-layer address to the IP address 0.0.0.0, which is
> required to forward the reply.....

A similar problem occurs when we have overlaping private addresses on the
same link. Two mobile nodes from two different domains can be using the
same home address (10.x.y.z). Yet, by looking at the which home agent is
sending the packets, the foreign agent can use the right link-layer
destination
address to forward them. This doesn't fit the arp table either. Also, I'm
guessing we can find a spec that says no two nodes can have the same
ip address on the same subnet.

>
>
> Am I still missing something here? :-)
>

I think you are right these are conflicting with earlier rfcs. But,
implementations can
handle them.

>
> thanks!
>
>
> Siva

alper

>
>
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Sivasundar Ramamurthy" <sramam@cup.hp.com>
> > To: "Mobile IP Working Group" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> > Sent: Thursday, November 29, 2001 5:15 PM
> > Subject: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
> >
> >
> > > Hello,
> > >
> > > This is regarding draft rfc2002 bis-8 wrt using 0.0.0.0 as the IP
> > > source of registration requests. I have only recently joined this
> > > email group so please bear with me if this had been discussed earlier.
> > >
> > > Section 3.6.1.1 states that the Mobile Node must use 0.0.0.0 as the IP
> > > source address of the registration request if it does not have a home
> > > address. Section 3.7.2.3 states that the FA must use the
> > > IP source of the request as IP destination address when forwarding
> > > replies.
> > >
> > > Thus there might be cases where the FA must forward replies to the
> > > address 0.0.0.0. This task appears "impossible" since rfc1122 defines
> > > 0.0.0.0 as something like "this machine on this network", like
> > > loopback. So a packet with destination address 0.0.0.0 might never go
> > > out of the FA.
> > >
> > > Am I in the right here? Can someone please clarify the usage/handling
> > > of 0.0.0.0 as the source address of registration requests?
> > >
> > >
> > > Thanks in advance!
> > >
> > > Siva
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Dec  2 03:15:36 2001
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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
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References: <200112010231.SAA20942@leo.mentat.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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Marc,

>  > The foreign agent should use the link-layer address of the incoming
(from
>  > MN) packet
>  > to send back the responds to the MN. So, FA can send a packet with
0.0.0.0
>  > IP destination
>  > address and MN's link-layer address as the destination MAC address.
>  >
>  > For that, foreign agent should note the source link-layer address of
the
>  > incoming packet.
>  >
>  > The same can also happen with simple rotuer discovery (sending router
>  > solicitation, and
>  > receiving router advertisement). Please see rfc1256.
>
> I don't see where RFC 1256 supports the concept of *sending* to a
> destination address of 0.0.0.0 so let me know if I've missed
> some text.   It clearly allows a router solicitation with a
> *source* address of 0.0.0.0 from a host that hasn't yet determined its
> own address.  But the router advertisement response in such a case
> doesn't go to 0.0.0.0, which would be a violation of the RFC as I read
> it, but to a configured address.  Here's the text excerpt from the RFC
> in section 4.3 that clearly covers the source 0.0.0.0 address case in
> the second sentence:
>
>    In addition to the periodic, unsolicited advertisements, a router
>    sends advertisements in response to valid solicitations received on
>    any of its advertising interfaces.  A router may choose to unicast
>    the response directly to the soliciting host's address (if it is not
>    zero), or multicast it to the interface's configured
>    AdvertisementAddress; in the latter case, the interface's interval
>    timer is reset to a new random value, as with unsolicited
>    advertisements.  ...


You are right. I missed this. I had blindly assumed advertisement must be
unicasted
to the solicitor. (especially because it's technically doable...)

>
> The rationale for a host sending with a source address of 0.0.0.0
> appears to be implied in section 5.3 as a mechanism to allow overlap of
> the host's address and router discovery processes to occur in
> parallel.  Such a host presumably provokes an earlier multicast router
> advertisement by sending the solicitation with its 0.0.0.0 source
> address rather than waiting for the next periodic advertisement or
> until the host has an address.

This is interesting. A solicitation can cause a multicast advertisement. Not
desirable for wireless systems. Bandwidth issues, and also waking up dormant
nodes issue.

Thanks Marc.

alper

>
>
>    -- Marc --
>
>



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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
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References: <200112010231.SAA20942@leo.mentat.com> <003201c17b08$25d9cc70$356015ac@AlperVAIO>
Subject: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
Date: Sun, 2 Dec 2001 00:14:20 -0800
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Folks,

New version of L2 triggers draft is available:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt

Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility - 
Requirements for Underlying Systems 

   Abstract 
    
   A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility 
   protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a 
   Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new 
   radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in 
   routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the 
   part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet 
   occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to 
   inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In 
   either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties 
   involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover 
   at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2 
   handover protocol or API to support optimized handover. 
 

Enjoy.

alper



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Dec  2 12:19:14 2001
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From: "nicky muhammad ali                                          " <nickk@plasa.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip]   Low Latency MIPv4 Handover Algorithms source code for simulation
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dear ns-users,

currently i was doing my final project on handoff method
analysis in mobile ip.
iam having trouble mapping my algoritthm to the
wireless-phy.cc code and mip-reg.cc.

my work is i compare three handoffs method, original handoff
method where in layer MAC handoff, the mobile host cannot
send any registration request to the home agent for the new
foreign agnet until mobile host really released from the old
foreign agent so there occured packet loss/discard because
of the handoff delay,
whereas for the fast registrationmethodmobile host can send
a request for the new foreign agent via the old fa to the
home agent and do an ordinal handoff procedure via the new
fa as well, but the request mobile host send for the new fa
via old fa is without the authentication  and also quickest
than the ordinal procedure with this procedure the delay and
packet loss can be discard.but new problem is overhead
because of the doublecasting by home agent to old and new
fa.

where for the 3rd method, seamless hadnoff method, when  mh
travel in the overlap region between 2 cell and mh can
receive an agent advertisement which consist of COA info,
the mobile host send a registration request for the new
foreign agent via old fa and then the old fa forward it to
the  new fa and then the new fa forward it to home agent. 
ha will register new fa care of address and a reply via new
fa.


maybe my algorithm is approximately like that.
my source is from the mr ohzahata, mr shigemura journal from
the ieice.or.jp site
On Tue, 27 Nov 2001 10:01:08 -0800
 "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com> wrote:
> Try  http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf.
> 
>         jak
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Mike Moreton" <Mike.Moreton@synad.com>
> To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, November 27, 2001 12:36 AM
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Analysis and Comparison of Low
> Latency MIPv4
> Handover Algorithms
> 
> 
> > Jak,
> >
> > I don't think that can be the correct link...
> >
> > Mike
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > > Sent: 26 November 2001 21:27
> > > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > > Subject: [mobile-ip] Analysis and Comparison of Low
> Latency MIPv4
> > > Handover Algorithms
> > >
> > >
> > > Folks,
> > >
> > > Jon Wood and I did a study comparing PreReg, Postreg,
> and
> > > standard MIPv4
> > > (SMIPv4) handoff. It is at
> http://www.geocities.com/llanalysis.pdf
> (it
> > > will shortly also appear at the DoCoMo Labs USA web
> site as well).
> > > Apologies for the paper format, but it is difficult
> to get fine
> > > depiction of experimental results in graphs using
> ASCII text.
> > > The study
> > > describes implementation experience with the 2 low
> latency
> algorithms
> > > (some of which Jon has already posted to the list),
> and a series of
> > > experiments we performed to measure the sensitivity
> of all three
> > > algorithms to various components of handoff latency.
> Issues
> > > arising from
> > > the study will be discussed in a slot at the Mobile
> IP Working Group
> > > Meeting at IETF 52. If you have any specific issues
> on the
> > > study itself
> > > or the paper, please post them to the list.
> > >
> > >                     jak
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> > **********************************************************************
> > This email and any files transmitted with it are
> confidential and
> > intended solely for the use of the individual or entity
> to whom they
> > are addressed. If you have received this email in error
> please notify
> > the system manager.
> >
> > This footnote also confirms that this email message has
> been swept
> > for the presence of computer viruses.
> >
> > administrator at synad.com
> > **********************************************************************
> >
> 



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Dec  2 17:17:30 2001
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From: Behcet Sarikaya <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, seamoby <seamoby@cdma-2000.org>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
References: <200112010231.SAA20942@leo.mentat.com> <003201c17b08$25d9cc70$356015ac@AlperVAIO> <00a601c17b09$592dcb20$096015ac@AlperVAIO>
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Alper and WG Chairs,
  We have a draft which is very much related to this one at:

http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-guri-seamoby-paging-triggers-00.txt

we had submitted it to SeaMoby WG because Jim's draft was discussed in
London at Seamoby WG, so there is some confusion.

My question is what is the next step at SLC? Will this be discussed at MIP
WG, or is it in Seamoby WG domain as it was in London?

  Thanks in advance for any clarification.

"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:

> Folks,
>
> New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
>
> Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> Requirements for Underlying Systems
>
>    Abstract
>
>    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
>    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
>    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new
>    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
>    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the
>    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
>    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
>    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In
>    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
>    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover
>    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
>    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
>
>
> Enjoy.
>
> alper

--
Behcet



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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, "seamoby" <seamoby@cdma-2000.org>
References: <200112010231.SAA20942@leo.mentat.com> <003201c17b08$25d9cc70$356015ac@AlperVAIO> <00a601c17b09$592dcb20$096015ac@AlperVAIO> <3C0AA77F.4F307C2B@alcatel.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
Date: Sun, 2 Dec 2001 15:32:11 -0800
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Behcet.

The Wireless Directorate has been discussing what to do about your draft
and ours. We have not yet quite completed the discussion, but I am
hoping that we will reach some kind of conclusion in SLC.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Behcet Sarikaya" <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>; "seamoby" <seamoby@cdma-2000.org>
Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:13 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft


> Alper and WG Chairs,
>   We have a draft which is very much related to this one at:
>
>
http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-guri-seamoby-paging-trigger
s-00.txt
>
> we had submitted it to SeaMoby WG because Jim's draft was discussed in
> London at Seamoby WG, so there is some confusion.
>
> My question is what is the next step at SLC? Will this be discussed at
MIP
> WG, or is it in Seamoby WG domain as it was in London?
>
>   Thanks in advance for any clarification.
>
> "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
>
> > Folks,
> >
> > New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
> >
> >
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
> >
> > Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> > Requirements for Underlying Systems
> >
> >    Abstract
> >
> >    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
> >    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
> >    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the
new
> >    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
> >    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on
the
> >    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
> >    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
> >    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability.
In
> >    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
> >    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize
handover
> >    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
> >    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
> >
> >
> > Enjoy.
> >
> > alper
>
> --
> Behcet
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Dec  2 19:00:11 2001
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Sun, 2 Dec 2001 15:56:32 -0800
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Folks,

As some of you may have noticed,
draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not support fast
handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast handoff work is
supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short proposal for
how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently exists, it's at
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
t, it fits into the existing
low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in on
time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This proposal
also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
(that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we do
want to get the problem solved).

            jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Dec  2 19:39:56 2001
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Message-ID: <003d01c17b91$9240a8f0$2c6015ac@AlperVAIO>
From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, "seamoby" <seamoby@cdma-2000.org>
References: <200112010231.SAA20942@leo.mentat.com> <003201c17b08$25d9cc70$356015ac@AlperVAIO> <00a601c17b09$592dcb20$096015ac@AlperVAIO> <3C0AA77F.4F307C2B@alcatel.com> <009e01c17b89$b8c4b640$566015ac@T23KEMPF>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
Date: Sun, 2 Dec 2001 16:28:21 -0800
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My opinion is, among existing working groups it best fits PILC.

But, if we want to do a better job (more than L2 triggers), then I'd
recommend forming a new Sub-IP working group: IP over Wireless.

My 0.02 cents.

Seamoby folks, please note that the new version of L2 triggers draft is at:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt


alper

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>; "seamoby" <seamoby@cdma-2000.org>
Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 3:32 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft


> Behcet.
> 
> The Wireless Directorate has been discussing what to do about your draft
> and ours. We have not yet quite completed the discussion, but I am
> hoping that we will reach some kind of conclusion in SLC.
> 
>             jak
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Behcet Sarikaya" <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
> To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>; "seamoby" <seamoby@cdma-2000.org>
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:13 PM
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
> 
> 
> > Alper and WG Chairs,
> >   We have a draft which is very much related to this one at:
> >
> >
> http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-guri-seamoby-paging-trigger
> s-00.txt
> >
> > we had submitted it to SeaMoby WG because Jim's draft was discussed in
> > London at Seamoby WG, so there is some confusion.
> >
> > My question is what is the next step at SLC? Will this be discussed at
> MIP
> > WG, or is it in Seamoby WG domain as it was in London?
> >
> >   Thanks in advance for any clarification.
> >
> > "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
> >
> > > Folks,
> > >
> > > New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
> > >
> > >
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
> > >
> > > Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> > > Requirements for Underlying Systems
> > >
> > >    Abstract
> > >
> > >    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
> > >    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
> > >    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the
> new
> > >    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
> > >    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on
> the
> > >    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
> > >    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
> > >    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability.
> In
> > >    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
> > >    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize
> handover
> > >    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
> > >    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
> > >
> > >
> > > Enjoy.
> > >
> > > alper
> >
> > --
> > Behcet
> >
> >
> 
> 



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec  3 05:10:38 2001
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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 11:06:15 +0100 
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James,

Why does draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs not support 802.11?
PRE-REG can be applied to 802.11 using the mobile-initiated part with
a mobile trigger. The mobile trigger in this case would likely be based
on signal strength measurements in the MN and the FA address could be
embedded in the beacon. So I disagree that low latency needs to be fixed
for 802.11. What you may have intended is that POST-REG as it is in the
draft cannot be used with 802.11, but low latency has a solution which
can be used for 802.11 already.

/Karim


 > -----Original Message-----
 > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
 > Sent: den 3 december 2001 00:57
 > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
 > Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
 > 
 > 
 > Folks,
 > 
 > As some of you may have noticed,
 > draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not 
 > support fast
 > handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
 > subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast 
 > handoff work is
 > supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short 
 > proposal for
 > how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently 
 > exists, it's at
 > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-han
dover-00.tx
t, it fits into the existing
low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in on
time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This proposal
also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
(that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we do
want to get the problem solved).

            jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec  3 10:45:31 2001
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Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 15:49:55 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
To: alper@docomolabs-usa.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> Hmmm. I think I can explain how to implement this "sending to 0.0.0.0"
> without causing problems (using link-layer address of the incoming packet),
> but this still conflicts with the strict interpretation of RFC1122.
> 
> I think the strict interpretation of RFC1122 considers the case "sending to
> 0.0.0.0", not "sending to 0.0.0.0 where you know the link-layer address
> of the destination".

I think you're correct.

Other protocols use 0.0.0.0 as a source. For instance, DHCPv4.
In that case the response it sent to 255.255.255.255 (and not 0.0.0.0)
unless I'm mistaken.

   Erik



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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 10:49:35 -0600 
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Here I am talking about MN trigger for pre-registration. 

-----Original Message-----
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 
Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 10:44 AM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


Hello James,
I am  not sure if I completely agree with this draft. I am 
attaching some paper from Microsoft which is not 
confidential. Based upon the work defined in 
the document, I do not sure why it is not possible to 
get trigger in case of 802.11. I believe we do not 
really need to define anything special for 
802.11. I think getting L2 tigger for 802.11 looks like 
some implementation issues not standard issue. Any 
comments ? 
regards,
ajoy 



-----Original Message-----
From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 5:57 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


Folks,

As some of you may have noticed,
draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not support fast
handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast handoff work is
supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short proposal for
how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently exists, it's at
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
t, it fits into the existing
low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in on
time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This proposal
also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
(that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we do
want to get the problem solved).

            jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec  3 11:54:29 2001
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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Erik, Alper

 > Other protocols use 0.0.0.0 as a source. For instance, DHCPv4.
 > In that case the response it sent to 255.255.255.255 (and not 0.0.0.0)
 > unless I'm mistaken.

Correct.

I woke up this morning with the same thought (that 0.0.0.0 source is
responded to by broadcast in DHCPv4) and also remembered that in DHCPv4
its permissible/preferable to unicast the response to the
newly-assigned IP destination address using the DHCP client's
link-layer address.  0.0.0.0 does not appear in the IP destination
field in DHCPv4 in that case, however.  Its up to the DHCP'ing client
to request/accept either the broadcast response or the not-yet-heard-of
IP address as destination on the IP packet.  The broadcast option for a
DHCP server response was devised specifically for clients that would
otherwise drop a DHCP response with an IP destination that they don't
yet recognize as their own address-to-be.

It seems to me that a Mobile Node could accept its newly-assigned
non-zero unicast destination address just as well as the 0.0.0.0, it
should be well-aware its in an address discovery mode analagous to
DHCPv4 and process the UDP registration reply.

Following the DHCP model of doing the non-zero response would take care
of any RFC 1122 objection but I agree with Alper that this shouldn't be
a problem for new implementations to handle in either case (if there's
an objection to removing the 0.0.0.0 destination behavior thats already
out there).  Another way to resolve this, perhaps, would be to get a
dynamic/unique IPv4 link-local address first as I believe some
implementations do for non-mobility purposes.  But thats more
book-keeping for the MN and FA so is probably more complex than we want
to do to get around a 0.0.0.0 destination address.

I'm not aware of any specification, other than in this mobility draft,
where 0.0.0.0 is a valid unicast IP destination in a packet so it might
be nice to not have this sole exception but we can live with it if we
must.  Does anyone know of a non-mobility spec where this is already
used?
                        
                         
   -- Marc --



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec  3 12:47:37 2001
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From: Lewis Adam-CAL022 <Adam.Lewis@motorola.com>
To: Mobile-IP working group <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 11:45:14 -0600 
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I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after going back to confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It is my assumption that two mobile nodes connected to the same FA should be able to by-pass normal IP routing (e.g. the need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through the FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical optimization since the FA has all the necessary information needed to do so (e.g. home IP address, link layer address, etc.).  The only supporting text I was able to find on this in the RFC was on page 10.

"Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current foreign agent MUST be able to exchange datagrams without relying on standard IP routing mechanisms; that is, those mechanisms which make forwarding decisions based upon the network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. This requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and the visiting mobile node have an interface on the same link. In this case, the mobile node and foreign agent simply bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying link-layer packets to their respective link-layer addresses. Other placements of the foreign agent relative to the mobile node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to exchange datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are beyond the scope of this document."

Adam

Adam C. Lewis 
Senior Engineer 
Advanced Technology & Strategy 
Global Technology Development Group 
Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector 

1301 E. Algonquin Road 
IL02/Rm. 509 
Schaumburg, IL 60196 
Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com 
Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018 




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec  3 13:17:45 2001
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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 19:14:49 +0100 
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I remember we discussed this a long time ago and it was left
open as an option for the implementation. IMO it could be a
useful optimisation. Not sure that the text you're referring to
relates to this however and can't find it mentioned. Scenarios
which were brought up where this shouldn't be done is if reverse
tunneling is used or where the HA does the accounting and all the
MN traffic must go through it.
Rgds
/Karim 

 > -----Original Message-----
 > From: Lewis Adam-CAL022 [mailto:Adam.Lewis@motorola.com]
 > Sent: den 3 december 2001 18:45
 > To: Mobile-IP working group
 > Subject: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
 > 
 > 
 > I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after 
 > going back to confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It 
 > is my assumption that two mobile nodes connected to the same 
 > FA should be able to by-pass normal IP routing (e.g. the 
 > need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through the 
 > FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical 
 > optimization since the FA has all the necessary information 
 > needed to do so (e.g. home IP address, link layer address, 
 > etc.).  The only supporting text I was able to find on this 
 > in the RFC was on page 10.
 > 
 > "Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current 
 > foreign agent MUST be able to exchange datagrams without 
 > relying on standard IP routing mechanisms; that is, those 
 > mechanisms which make forwarding decisions based upon the 
 > network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. 
 > This requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and 
 > the visiting mobile node have an interface on the same link. 
 > In this case, the mobile node and foreign agent simply 
 > bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending 
 > datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying 
 > link-layer packets to their respective link-layer addresses. 
 > Other placements of the foreign agent relative to the mobile 
 > node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to exchange 
 > datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are 
 > beyond the scope of this document."
 > 
 > Adam
 > 
 > Adam C. Lewis 
 > Senior Engineer 
 > Advanced Technology & Strategy 
 > Global Technology Development Group 
 > Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector 
 > 
 > 1301 E. Algonquin Road 
 > IL02/Rm. 509 
 > Schaumburg, IL 60196 
 > Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com 
 > Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018 
 > 
 > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec  3 16:18:20 2001
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From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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> 
> I woke up this morning with the same thought (that 0.0.0.0 source is
> responded to by broadcast in DHCPv4) and also remembered that in DHCPv4
> its permissible/preferable to unicast the response to the
> newly-assigned IP destination address using the DHCP client's
> link-layer address.  0.0.0.0 does not appear in the IP destination
> field in DHCPv4 in that case, however.  Its up to the DHCP'ing client
> to request/accept either the broadcast response or the not-yet-heard-of
> IP address as destination on the IP packet.  The broadcast option for a
> DHCP server response was devised specifically for clients that would
> otherwise drop a DHCP response with an IP destination that they don't
> yet recognize as their own address-to-be.
> 
> It seems to me that a Mobile Node could accept its newly-assigned
> non-zero unicast destination address just as well as the 0.0.0.0, it
> should be well-aware its in an address discovery mode analagous to
> DHCPv4 and process the UDP registration reply.
> 

Is there any mobile node implementation which accepts UDP registration
reply destined to a newly assigned address and it's own link-layer
address while it sends the request with src-addr=0.0.0.0 ? 
As it was pointed out that it is possible for an implementation
to implement this behavior in MN.  
I think the mobile-ip base draft rfc2002-bis needs to clarify the
restriction on having src-addr = 0.0.0.0 and the consequent dst-addr
for the registration reply from FA to MN.

Note that it is also possible that FA may find that the registration 
request from  src-addr=0.0.0.0 and home-addr=0.0.0.0 is poorly-formatted
or some other problem, how does it reply back with error then ? ( Due to
the restriction in RFC1122 )
Should it drop the packet or send it to multicast addr ?

I wonder, why rfc2002-bis has a MUST in 3.6.1.1, could it be MAY ?

For example, what if any MN configures itself with a temporary address
to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's newly-assigned homeaddr? 

>    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP source
       address MUST be 0.0.0.0.

Also the draft needs to clarify that if the source-addr of the UDP registration
request is 0.0.0.0, then what will be the IP dst addr for the regReply.


-Samita



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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
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Behcet Sarikaya wrote:
> 
> Alper and WG Chairs,
>   We have a draft which is very much related to this one at:
> 
>
http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-guri-seamoby-paging-trigger
s-00.txt
> 
> we had submitted it to SeaMoby WG because Jim's draft was discussed in
> London at Seamoby WG, so there is some confusion.
> 
> My question is what is the next step at SLC? Will this be  discussed
at MIP
> WG, or is it in Seamoby WG domain as it was in London?

L2 triggers will not be discussed in the MIP WG meeting at SLC. While we
do 
realize the importance of L2 triggers in enabling low-latency (MIPv4)
and fast
handoff (MIPv6), it is still undetermined as to in what WG or area of
the IETF
to do work related to this.

-Basavaraj



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Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 21:25:34 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
To: Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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> I remember we discussed this a long time ago and it was left
> open as an option for the implementation. IMO it could be a
> useful optimisation. Not sure that the text you're referring to
> relates to this however and can't find it mentioned. Scenarios
> which were brought up where this shouldn't be done is if reverse
> tunneling is used or where the HA does the accounting and all the
> MN traffic must go through it.

So if it is optional for FAs to implement such a short-cut, how
can a HA that wants to see all packets sent to the MN (e.g. for
accounting reasons) turn off such optional behavior in the FA?

I would see to me that if the WG wants to allow both FA short-cuts
and MNs seeing all packets that there would have to be a way to
indicate the desire to enable or disable the shortcut in the registration
message(s).

The reverse tunneling case is more obvious - if the FA is doing reverse
tunneling it shouldn't do short cuts to or from that MN.
(The MN might have a private home address in which case it can't let those
packets "escape" the bidirectional tunnel.)

   Erik


> Rgds
> /Karim 
> 
>  > -----Original Message-----
>  > From: Lewis Adam-CAL022 [mailto:Adam.Lewis@motorola.com]
>  > Sent: den 3 december 2001 18:45
>  > To: Mobile-IP working group
>  > Subject: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
>  > 
>  > 
>  > I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after 
>  > going back to confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It 
>  > is my assumption that two mobile nodes connected to the same 
>  > FA should be able to by-pass normal IP routing (e.g. the 
>  > need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through the 
>  > FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical 
>  > optimization since the FA has all the necessary information 
>  > needed to do so (e.g. home IP address, link layer address, 
>  > etc.).  The only supporting text I was able to find on this 
>  > in the RFC was on page 10.
>  > 
>  > "Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current 
>  > foreign agent MUST be able to exchange datagrams without 
>  > relying on standard IP routing mechanisms; that is, those 
>  > mechanisms which make forwarding decisions based upon the 
>  > network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. 
>  > This requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and 
>  > the visiting mobile node have an interface on the same link. 
>  > In this case, the mobile node and foreign agent simply 
>  > bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending 
>  > datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying 
>  > link-layer packets to their respective link-layer addresses. 
>  > Other placements of the foreign agent relative to the mobile 
>  > node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to exchange 
>  > datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are 
>  > beyond the scope of this document."
>  > 
>  > Adam
>  > 
>  > Adam C. Lewis 
>  > Senior Engineer 
>  > Advanced Technology & Strategy 
>  > Global Technology Development Group 
>  > Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector 
>  > 
>  > 1301 E. Algonquin Road 
>  > IL02/Rm. 509 
>  > Schaumburg, IL 60196 
>  > Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com 
>  > Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018 
>  > 
>  > 




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec  3 18:58:30 2001
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From: subir Das <subir@research.telcordia.com>
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References: <200112010231.SAA20942@leo.mentat.com> <003201c17b08$25d9cc70$356015ac@AlperVAIO> <00a601c17b09$592dcb20$096015ac@AlperVAIO>
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Alper,
Pl. send your talk (for 10 mins) slides latest by Dec 10th.

Thanks,

Subir





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Date: Mon, 03 Dec 2001 16:36:35 -0800
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
From: Gopal Dommety <gdommety@cisco.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mipv6-04.txt
Cc: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
In-Reply-To: <3C0C1171.F86AD022@research.telcordia.com>
References: <200112010231.SAA20942@leo.mentat.com>
 <003201c17b08$25d9cc70$356015ac@AlperVAIO>
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A newer version of the Draft that addresses a lot comments sent to me can 
be found at:

http://people.nokia.net/~patil/Internet_Drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mipv6-04.txt


Thanks
Gopal



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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 10:50:42 +0100 
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 > > I remember we discussed this a long time ago and it was left
 > > open as an option for the implementation. IMO it could be a
 > > useful optimisation. Not sure that the text you're referring to
 > > relates to this however and can't find it mentioned. Scenarios
 > > which were brought up where this shouldn't be done is if reverse
 > > tunneling is used or where the HA does the accounting and all the
 > > MN traffic must go through it.
 > 
 > So if it is optional for FAs to implement such a short-cut, how
 > can a HA that wants to see all packets sent to the MN (e.g. for
 > accounting reasons) turn off such optional behavior in the FA?
 > 
 > I would see to me that if the WG wants to allow both FA short-cuts
 > and MNs seeing all packets that there would have to be a way to
 > indicate the desire to enable or disable the shortcut in the 
 > registration
 > message(s).
 > 
 > The reverse tunneling case is more obvious - if the FA is 
 > doing reverse
 > tunneling it shouldn't do short cuts to or from that MN.
 > (The MN might have a private home address in which case it 
 > can't let those
 > packets "escape" the bidirectional tunnel.)

What I should have written is that it wasn't clear what scenario would
require all packets to go through the HA, while reverse tunneling was
more obvious. The accounting can be done in the FA. Is there any other
scenario where all traffic must go through the HA? If not then this
shortcut may be done by the FA if bidirectional tunneling is not used.
Otherwise I agree with what you're saying.

/Karim


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
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Karim,

The MN in 802.11 does a reassociation without any trigger to Layer 3, at
least, that is how it currently works.
One could make the modification you suggest below, however, it would be
a change in the way the 802.11
protocol works. If you simply modify the driver to look at signal
strength, then deliver a pre-Layer 2 trigger
based on that, the MN may very well decide to move to another Access
Point if the signal strength of that
AP meets the criteria. As far as I understand, there is no way given the
current 802.11 protocol to fix the new AP in advance of the Layer 2
handover.

At best, given current 802.11, one could imagine delivering a pre-Layer
2 trigger as soon
as the MN sent the 802.11 reassociation message (the Link Down trigger),
but this would not give Prereg
enough time to complete any messaging through the old AP.

                jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 2:06 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


> James,
>
> Why does draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs not support 802.11?
> PRE-REG can be applied to 802.11 using the mobile-initiated part with
> a mobile trigger. The mobile trigger in this case would likely be
based
> on signal strength measurements in the MN and the FA address could be
> embedded in the beacon. So I disagree that low latency needs to be
fixed
> for 802.11. What you may have intended is that POST-REG as it is in
the
> draft cannot be used with 802.11, but low latency has a solution which
> can be used for 802.11 already.
>
> /Karim
>
>
>  > -----Original Message-----
>  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
>  > Sent: den 3 december 2001 00:57
>  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>  > Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
>  >
>  >
>  > Folks,
>  >
>  > As some of you may have noticed,
>  > draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not
>  > support fast
>  > handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
>  > subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast
>  > handoff work is
>  > supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short
>  > proposal for
>  > how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently
>  > exists, it's at
>  > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-han
> dover-00.tx
> t, it fits into the existing
> low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in
on
> time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
proposal
> also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
> get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
> (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we
do
> want to get the problem solved).
>
>             jak
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 06:19:50 2001
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References: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E0396C264@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
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Hi Ajoy,

Well, perhaps I am wrong then and it would supplying a pre-Layer 2
trigger is simply an implementation issue. I think the
draft still has some value for Postreg, as Karim mentioned.

BTW, the paper you mentioned wasn't attached.


            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>;
<mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 8:49 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


> Here I am talking about MN trigger for pre-registration.
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 10:44 AM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
>
>
> Hello James,
> I am  not sure if I completely agree with this draft. I am
> attaching some paper from Microsoft which is not
> confidential. Based upon the work defined in
> the document, I do not sure why it is not possible to
> get trigger in case of 802.11. I believe we do not
> really need to define anything special for
> 802.11. I think getting L2 tigger for 802.11 looks like
> some implementation issues not standard issue. Any
> comments ?
> regards,
> ajoy
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 5:57 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
>
>
> Folks,
>
> As some of you may have noticed,
> draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not support fast
> handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
> subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast handoff work
is
> supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short proposal
for
> how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently exists, it's at
>
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
> t, it fits into the existing
> low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in
on
> time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
proposal
> also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
> get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
> (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we
do
> want to get the problem solved).
>
>             jak
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 06:28:01 2001
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 13:25:45 +0200 
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Hi,

One comment below.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: 04. December 2001 12:58
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> 
> 
> Karim,
> 
> The MN in 802.11 does a reassociation without any trigger to 
> Layer 3, at
> least, that is how it currently works.
> One could make the modification you suggest below, however, 
> it would be
> a change in the way the 802.11
> protocol works. If you simply modify the driver to look at signal
> strength, then deliver a pre-Layer 2 trigger
> based on that, the MN may very well decide to move to another Access
> Point if the signal strength of that
> AP meets the criteria. As far as I understand, there is no 
> way given the
> current 802.11 protocol to fix the new AP in advance of the Layer 2
> handover.

This could be great help for vertical handovers also. The l3 would know the
different l2 technologies and be able to compare them, choose the best
according to the settings (policies). This is the approach that Dynamics -
HUT Mobile IPv4 has taken. 

Just think for example GPRS, ethernet, wlan, bluetooth and infrared
together: many possibilities, different characteristics and different costs.
It would be nice to have a standard way to compare these possible
connections... and use them according to the settings of the user.

- Dan

 
> At best, given current 802.11, one could imagine delivering a 
> pre-Layer
> 2 trigger as soon
> as the MN sent the 802.11 reassociation message (the Link 
> Down trigger),
> but this would not give Prereg
> enough time to complete any messaging through the old AP.
> 
>                 jak
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
> To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 2:06 AM
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> 
> 
> > James,
> >
> > Why does draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs not support 802.11?
> > PRE-REG can be applied to 802.11 using the mobile-initiated 
> part with
> > a mobile trigger. The mobile trigger in this case would likely be
> based
> > on signal strength measurements in the MN and the FA 
> address could be
> > embedded in the beacon. So I disagree that low latency needs to be
> fixed
> > for 802.11. What you may have intended is that POST-REG as it is in
> the
> > draft cannot be used with 802.11, but low latency has a 
> solution which
> > can be used for 802.11 already.
> >
> > /Karim
> >
> >
> >  > -----Original Message-----
> >  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> >  > Sent: den 3 december 2001 00:57
> >  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> >  > Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> >  >
> >  >
> >  > Folks,
> >  >
> >  > As some of you may have noticed,
> >  > draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not
> >  > support fast
> >  > handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 
> spec is always
> >  > subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast
> >  > handoff work is
> >  > supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short
> >  > proposal for
> >  > how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently
> >  > exists, it's at
> >  > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-han
> > dover-00.tx
> > t, it fits into the existing
> > low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in
> on
> > time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
> proposal
> > also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it 
> is just to
> > get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
> > (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as 
> is, but we
> do
> > want to get the problem solved).
> >
> >             jak
> >
> 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 06:41:51 2001
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References: <FC5FF66A769AB044AED651C705EAA8EA15988B@esebe008.NOE.Nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 03:38:17 -0800
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Dan,

There is an issue with comparibility. How would one compare, say, signal
strength measurements for 802.11 with
those for GPRS (presuming one could get that information from GPRS)?

Also, I don't think this is a protocol issue, it is more of an API
issue.

        jak

----- Original Message -----
From: <Dan.Forsberg@nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 3:25 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


> Hi,
>
> One comment below.
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ext James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > Sent: 04. December 2001 12:58
> > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> >
> >
> > Karim,
> >
> > The MN in 802.11 does a reassociation without any trigger to
> > Layer 3, at
> > least, that is how it currently works.
> > One could make the modification you suggest below, however,
> > it would be
> > a change in the way the 802.11
> > protocol works. If you simply modify the driver to look at signal
> > strength, then deliver a pre-Layer 2 trigger
> > based on that, the MN may very well decide to move to another Access
> > Point if the signal strength of that
> > AP meets the criteria. As far as I understand, there is no
> > way given the
> > current 802.11 protocol to fix the new AP in advance of the Layer 2
> > handover.
>
> This could be great help for vertical handovers also. The l3 would
know the
> different l2 technologies and be able to compare them, choose the best
> according to the settings (policies). This is the approach that
Dynamics -
> HUT Mobile IPv4 has taken.
>
> Just think for example GPRS, ethernet, wlan, bluetooth and infrared
> together: many possibilities, different characteristics and different
costs.
> It would be nice to have a standard way to compare these possible
> connections... and use them according to the settings of the user.
>
> - Dan
>
>
> > At best, given current 802.11, one could imagine delivering a
> > pre-Layer
> > 2 trigger as soon
> > as the MN sent the 802.11 reassociation message (the Link
> > Down trigger),
> > but this would not give Prereg
> > enough time to complete any messaging through the old AP.
> >
> >                 jak
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
> > To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> > Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 2:06 AM
> > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> >
> >
> > > James,
> > >
> > > Why does draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs not support
802.11?
> > > PRE-REG can be applied to 802.11 using the mobile-initiated
> > part with
> > > a mobile trigger. The mobile trigger in this case would likely be
> > based
> > > on signal strength measurements in the MN and the FA
> > address could be
> > > embedded in the beacon. So I disagree that low latency needs to be
> > fixed
> > > for 802.11. What you may have intended is that POST-REG as it is
in
> > the
> > > draft cannot be used with 802.11, but low latency has a
> > solution which
> > > can be used for 802.11 already.
> > >
> > > /Karim
> > >
> > >
> > >  > -----Original Message-----
> > >  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > >  > Sent: den 3 december 2001 00:57
> > >  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > >  > Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> > >  >
> > >  >
> > >  > Folks,
> > >  >
> > >  > As some of you may have noticed,
> > >  > draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not
> > >  > support fast
> > >  > handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11
> > spec is always
> > >  > subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast
> > >  > handoff work is
> > >  > supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short
> > >  > proposal for
> > >  > how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently
> > >  > exists, it's at
> > >  > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-han
> > > dover-00.tx
> > > t, it fits into the existing
> > > low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this
in
> > on
> > > time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
> > proposal
> > > also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it
> > is just to
> > > get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for
802.11
> > > (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as
> > is, but we
> > do
> > > want to get the problem solved).
> > >
> > >             jak
> > >
> >
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 08:01:04 2001
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From: Dan.Forsberg@nokia.com
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 14:57:33 +0200 
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Hi,

It's not plain API issue because it relates to the handoff decisions and
mechanisms. Is there any WG that is working with this?

- Dan

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: 04. December 2001 13:38
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> 
> 
> Dan,
> 
> There is an issue with comparibility. How would one compare, 
> say, signal
> strength measurements for 802.11 with
> those for GPRS (presuming one could get that information from GPRS)?
> 
> Also, I don't think this is a protocol issue, it is more of an API
> issue.
> 
>         jak
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: <Dan.Forsberg@nokia.com>
> To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 3:25 AM
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> 
> 
> > Hi,
> >
> > One comment below.
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: ext James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > > Sent: 04. December 2001 12:58
> > > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> > >
> > >
> > > Karim,
> > >
> > > The MN in 802.11 does a reassociation without any trigger to
> > > Layer 3, at
> > > least, that is how it currently works.
> > > One could make the modification you suggest below, however,
> > > it would be
> > > a change in the way the 802.11
> > > protocol works. If you simply modify the driver to look at signal
> > > strength, then deliver a pre-Layer 2 trigger
> > > based on that, the MN may very well decide to move to 
> another Access
> > > Point if the signal strength of that
> > > AP meets the criteria. As far as I understand, there is no
> > > way given the
> > > current 802.11 protocol to fix the new AP in advance of 
> the Layer 2
> > > handover.
> >
> > This could be great help for vertical handovers also. The l3 would
> know the
> > different l2 technologies and be able to compare them, 
> choose the best
> > according to the settings (policies). This is the approach that
> Dynamics -
> > HUT Mobile IPv4 has taken.
> >
> > Just think for example GPRS, ethernet, wlan, bluetooth and infrared
> > together: many possibilities, different characteristics and 
> different
> costs.
> > It would be nice to have a standard way to compare these possible
> > connections... and use them according to the settings of the user.
> >
> > - Dan
> >
> >
> > > At best, given current 802.11, one could imagine delivering a
> > > pre-Layer
> > > 2 trigger as soon
> > > as the MN sent the 802.11 reassociation message (the Link
> > > Down trigger),
> > > but this would not give Prereg
> > > enough time to complete any messaging through the old AP.
> > >
> > >                 jak
> > >
> > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
> > > To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> > > Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 2:06 AM
> > > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> > >
> > >
> > > > James,
> > > >
> > > > Why does draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs not support
> 802.11?
> > > > PRE-REG can be applied to 802.11 using the mobile-initiated
> > > part with
> > > > a mobile trigger. The mobile trigger in this case would 
> likely be
> > > based
> > > > on signal strength measurements in the MN and the FA
> > > address could be
> > > > embedded in the beacon. So I disagree that low latency 
> needs to be
> > > fixed
> > > > for 802.11. What you may have intended is that POST-REG as it is
> in
> > > the
> > > > draft cannot be used with 802.11, but low latency has a
> > > solution which
> > > > can be used for 802.11 already.
> > > >
> > > > /Karim
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >  > -----Original Message-----
> > > >  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > > >  > Sent: den 3 december 2001 00:57
> > > >  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > > >  > Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> > > >  >
> > > >  >
> > > >  > Folks,
> > > >  >
> > > >  > As some of you may have noticed,
> > > >  > draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not
> > > >  > support fast
> > > >  > handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11
> > > spec is always
> > > >  > subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast
> > > >  > handoff work is
> > > >  > supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short
> > > >  > proposal for
> > > >  > how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently
> > > >  > exists, it's at
> > > >  > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-han
> > > > dover-00.tx
> > > > t, it fits into the existing
> > > > low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we 
> couldn't get this
> in
> > > on
> > > > time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
> > > proposal
> > > > also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it
> > > is just to
> > > > get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for
> 802.11
> > > > (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as
> > > is, but we
> > > do
> > > > want to get the problem solved).
> > > >
> > > >             jak
> > > >
> > >
> >
> 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 08:24:47 2001
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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 14:22:25 +0100 
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 > Well, perhaps I am wrong then and it would supplying a pre-Layer 2
 > trigger is simply an implementation issue. I think the
 > draft still has some value for Postreg, as Karim mentioned.

It is an implementation issue and the document Ajoy tried to send out
explained how Windows NDIS can provide these triggers.

In 802.11 the MN can scan for beacons and these could contain the
corresponding FA identifiers (IP/MAC) in the SSID field. Signal
strengths and error rates can also be provided. So 802.11 can supply
trigger information to the MN's upper layers.

The point I was trying to make is that low latency already supports
802.11 and no change needs to be made to that spec to support it.
I was not saying that we should add anything.

/Karim


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 08:46:02 2001
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Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 14:42:23 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
To: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
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> What I should have written is that it wasn't clear what scenario would
> require all packets to go through the HA, while reverse tunneling was
> more obvious. The accounting can be done in the FA. Is there any other
> scenario where all traffic must go through the HA? If not then this
> shortcut may be done by the FA if bidirectional tunneling is not used.
> Otherwise I agree with what you're saying.

I don't know if folks have built or are building MIPv4 FAs that collect
accounting information. In such a case, from reading the RFCs, they
would presumably expect all packets to go through the HA.
Thus having FAs implement shortcuts might be an unpleasant surprise in
that case.

Having the accounting be done in the FA (without the ability for the HA
to verify it) is a quite different model. THus I'm not debating that a
system can't be built to work that way - I'm just pointing out that allowing
FA shortcuts is a change to the RFCs as I understand them.
 
  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 09:14:31 2001
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Sorry about this. This is same "reply to" problem.

Subir


subir Das wrote:

> Alper,
> Pl. send your talk (for 10 mins) slides latest by Dec 10th.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Subir



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 11:13:54 2001
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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 10:11:38 -0600 
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Hello James,
I sent you the paper in the separate email. Due to oversize, 
the email with attachment did not go though the list. 
BTW, if any body needs to look at the attachment I can send
personal copy to them.
regards,
ajoy

-----Original Message-----
From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 5:16 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


Hi Ajoy,

Well, perhaps I am wrong then and it would supplying a pre-Layer 2
trigger is simply an implementation issue. I think the
draft still has some value for Postreg, as Karim mentioned.

BTW, the paper you mentioned wasn't attached.


            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>;
<mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 8:49 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


> Here I am talking about MN trigger for pre-registration.
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 10:44 AM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
>
>
> Hello James,
> I am  not sure if I completely agree with this draft. I am
> attaching some paper from Microsoft which is not
> confidential. Based upon the work defined in
> the document, I do not sure why it is not possible to
> get trigger in case of 802.11. I believe we do not
> really need to define anything special for
> 802.11. I think getting L2 tigger for 802.11 looks like
> some implementation issues not standard issue. Any
> comments ?
> regards,
> ajoy
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 5:57 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
>
>
> Folks,
>
> As some of you may have noticed,
> draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not support fast
> handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
> subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast handoff work
is
> supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short proposal
for
> how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently exists, it's at
>
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
> t, it fits into the existing
> low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in
on
> time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
proposal
> also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
> get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
> (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we
do
> want to get the problem solved).
>
>             jak
>


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 12:18:01 2001
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From: "Shahrier, Sharif M." <Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
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802.11 is just one of the technologies that the low latency handover
protocol should support, but what about HYPERLAN, GPRS
and other technologies?

-Sharif.

 -----Original Message-----
From: 	James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com] 
Sent:	Sunday, December 02, 2001 6:57 PM
To:	mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject:	[mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11

Folks,

As some of you may have noticed,
draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not support fast
handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast handoff work is
supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short proposal for
how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently exists, it's at
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
t, it fits into the existing
low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in on
time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This proposal
also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
(that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we do
want to get the problem solved).

            jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 12:56:43 2001
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From: Matt Impett <M.Impett@flarion.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 12:54:03 -0500 
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> For example, what if any MN configures itself with a temporary address
> to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's 
> newly-assigned homeaddr? 
> 
> >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP source
>        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> 

I also question why this is a MUST.  It is entirely possible that the MN's
interface over which it is going to send the RREQ has an IP address
(established via DHCP), while the mobile does not yet have a MIP home
address.  In this case, shouldn't it be able to send the RREQ with the
interface's address as the IP source address, but with a zero home address
in the RREQ??

matt


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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 12:16:17 -0600 
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Sharif,
Low latency  handoff will work on all the technologies you have 
mentioned. Just they have to provide appropriate triggers. 
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Shahrier, Sharif M. [mailto:Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 11:14 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


802.11 is just one of the technologies that the low latency handover
protocol should support, but what about HYPERLAN, GPRS
and other technologies?

-Sharif.

 -----Original Message-----
From: 	James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com] 
Sent:	Sunday, December 02, 2001 6:57 PM
To:	mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject:	[mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11

Folks,

As some of you may have noticed,
draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not support fast
handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast handoff work is
supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short proposal for
how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently exists, it's at
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
t, it fits into the existing
low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in on
time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This proposal
also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
(that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we do
want to get the problem solved).

            jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 13:27:40 2001
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Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 13:26:15 -0500 (EST)
From: Steven Glass - Solaris Software <Steven.Glass@Sun.COM>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Archive update.
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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    As some of you noticed, the main WG mailing-list archive at
http://playground.sun.com/mobile-ip was missing November!

    This email is to announce that November is now right where it should be. 
For future reference, emails should show up in the archive as soon as they're
posted [as close as 'reasonable']; there seemed to be the impression a month
wasn't archived until the month was over.

                              Cheers,
                                  Steve



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 13:38:17 2001
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Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 10:33:57 -0800 (PST)
From: Marc Hasson <marc@mentat.com>
Message-Id: <200112041833.KAA26513@leo.mentat.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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Samita,

(Sorry for the late response, @Home ate my own addressibility
yesterday. :-)   We'll see how my replacement cable company does
today...)

 > > It seems to me that a Mobile Node could accept its newly-assigned
 > > non-zero unicast destination address just as well as the 0.0.0.0, it
 > > should be well-aware its in an address discovery mode analagous to
 > > DHCPv4 and process the UDP registration reply.
 > > 
 > 
 > Is there any mobile node implementation which accepts UDP registration
 > reply destined to a newly assigned address and it's own link-layer
 > address while it sends the request with src-addr=0.0.0.0 ? 

Unknown.  This was just a suggestion on how to avoid the apparent 1122
commentary regarding destinations of 0.0.0.0 meaning the local machine as
opposed to something on the wire.

It seems to me that DHCP implementations (perhaps with kernel stack assist)
already handle this but I agree that mobile node implementations would not
unless we specified it.

 > As it was pointed out that it is possible for an implementation
 > to implement this behavior in MN.  

Agreed.  I have no problem with the functionality proposed for the 0.0.0.0
address, my only commentary has been that 2002bis seems to be the first
place where 0.0.0.0 appears as a destination unicast address in a packet.

 > I think the mobile-ip base draft rfc2002-bis needs to clarify the
 > restriction on having src-addr = 0.0.0.0 and the consequent dst-addr
 > for the registration reply from FA to MN.

100% agreed.

 > 
 > Note that it is also possible that FA may find that the registration 
 > request from  src-addr=0.0.0.0 and home-addr=0.0.0.0 is poorly-formatted
 > or some other problem, how does it reply back with error then ? ( Due to
 > the restriction in RFC1122 )
 > Should it drop the packet or send it to multicast addr ?

OK, good point there and perhaps I wasn't fully awake to think about
the error cases.  DHCP presumably responds with a broadcast "nak" and
lets the proper client figure it out based on the ids in the message.
The same could be done with the MN but this doesn't seem as "clean" to
me.  If it was important to avoid the apparent 1122 restriction then
thats what I would recommend but I think I'd agree that for
implementation simplicity the 0.0.0.0 handling is cleaner.

How are apparent conflicts with 1122 handled?  Just highlighted in 2002bis
since these are *mobile* host requirements, not plain hosts?

 > 
 > I wonder, why rfc2002-bis has a MUST in 3.6.1.1, could it be MAY ?
 > 
 > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a temporary address
 > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's newly-assigned homeaddr? 
 > 
 > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP source
 >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.

Yep, I found this confusing too.  I *think* the first MUST "overrides"
this second one when you have a co-located COA but I agree this should
be clarified.

 > 
 > Also the draft needs to clarify that if the source-addr of the UDP registration
 > request is 0.0.0.0, then what will be the IP dst addr for the regReply.

Yep.
                        
                         
   -- Marc --



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 15:14:07 2001
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Date: Tue, 04 Dec 2001 12:11:41 -0800
Subject: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
From: "T.J. Kniveton" <TJ@Kniveton.com>
To: <monet@crm.mot.com>
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Hi,

A few people have asked me whether we are meeting at IETF52 to discuss the
Mobile Networks subject in a BOF, so I just want to answer that question for
everyone else who is interested.

There is no official BOF scheduled, but we are getting together for a "bar
BOF" to discuss planning for the group, and possible go over some
requirements and charter items to have them ready and the scope defined for
a future BOF.

The time we have discussed for this meeting would be on Wednesday, 12/12,
after lunch (soon after the Mobile IP meeting). Hesham Soliman is in charge
of the arrangements and will post them when finalized.


  -TJ
 



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 16:15:48 2001
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <FC5FF66A769AB044AED651C705EAA8EA146A94@esebe008.NOE.Nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 13:11:18 -0800
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I guess I don't see why it being related to handoff decisions and
mechanisms as being not an API issue. There is only
a protocol issue if there is some need to communicate between the
network elements. Deciding which of n interfaces
to handoff to on the MN based on signal strength data doesn't involve
communicating between network elements.
Actually causing the handoff to occur might.

The MIP group is workong on the handoff mechanisms. Seamoby is
discussing candidate access router discovery. But
the actual decision is a policy issue that is not being discussed, since
it is up to the network operator to decide how they
will choose the target access router.

                jak

----- Original Message -----
From: <Dan.Forsberg@nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 4:57 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


> Hi,
>
> It's not plain API issue because it relates to the handoff decisions
and
> mechanisms. Is there any WG that is working with this?
>
> - Dan
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ext James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > Sent: 04. December 2001 13:38
> > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> >
> >
> > Dan,
> >
> > There is an issue with comparibility. How would one compare,
> > say, signal
> > strength measurements for 802.11 with
> > those for GPRS (presuming one could get that information from GPRS)?
> >
> > Also, I don't think this is a protocol issue, it is more of an API
> > issue.
> >
> >         jak
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: <Dan.Forsberg@nokia.com>
> > To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> > Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 3:25 AM
> > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> >
> >
> > > Hi,
> > >
> > > One comment below.
> > >
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: ext James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > > > Sent: 04. December 2001 12:58
> > > > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > > > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Karim,
> > > >
> > > > The MN in 802.11 does a reassociation without any trigger to
> > > > Layer 3, at
> > > > least, that is how it currently works.
> > > > One could make the modification you suggest below, however,
> > > > it would be
> > > > a change in the way the 802.11
> > > > protocol works. If you simply modify the driver to look at
signal
> > > > strength, then deliver a pre-Layer 2 trigger
> > > > based on that, the MN may very well decide to move to
> > another Access
> > > > Point if the signal strength of that
> > > > AP meets the criteria. As far as I understand, there is no
> > > > way given the
> > > > current 802.11 protocol to fix the new AP in advance of
> > the Layer 2
> > > > handover.
> > >
> > > This could be great help for vertical handovers also. The l3 would
> > know the
> > > different l2 technologies and be able to compare them,
> > choose the best
> > > according to the settings (policies). This is the approach that
> > Dynamics -
> > > HUT Mobile IPv4 has taken.
> > >
> > > Just think for example GPRS, ethernet, wlan, bluetooth and
infrared
> > > together: many possibilities, different characteristics and
> > different
> > costs.
> > > It would be nice to have a standard way to compare these possible
> > > connections... and use them according to the settings of the user.
> > >
> > > - Dan
> > >
> > >
> > > > At best, given current 802.11, one could imagine delivering a
> > > > pre-Layer
> > > > 2 trigger as soon
> > > > as the MN sent the 802.11 reassociation message (the Link
> > > > Down trigger),
> > > > but this would not give Prereg
> > > > enough time to complete any messaging through the old AP.
> > > >
> > > >                 jak
> > > >
> > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
> > > > To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> > > > Sent: Monday, December 03, 2001 2:06 AM
> > > > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > > James,
> > > > >
> > > > > Why does draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs not support
> > 802.11?
> > > > > PRE-REG can be applied to 802.11 using the mobile-initiated
> > > > part with
> > > > > a mobile trigger. The mobile trigger in this case would
> > likely be
> > > > based
> > > > > on signal strength measurements in the MN and the FA
> > > > address could be
> > > > > embedded in the beacon. So I disagree that low latency
> > needs to be
> > > > fixed
> > > > > for 802.11. What you may have intended is that POST-REG as it
is
> > in
> > > > the
> > > > > draft cannot be used with 802.11, but low latency has a
> > > > solution which
> > > > > can be used for 802.11 already.
> > > > >
> > > > > /Karim
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >  > -----Original Message-----
> > > > >  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > > > >  > Sent: den 3 december 2001 00:57
> > > > >  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > > > >  > Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
> > > > >  >
> > > > >  >
> > > > >  > Folks,
> > > > >  >
> > > > >  > As some of you may have noticed,
> > > > >  > draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not
> > > > >  > support fast
> > > > >  > handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11
> > > > spec is always
> > > > >  > subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast
> > > > >  > handoff work is
> > > > >  > supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short
> > > > >  > proposal for
> > > > >  > how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently
> > > > >  > exists, it's at
> > > > >  >
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-han
> > > > > dover-00.tx
> > > > > t, it fits into the existing
> > > > > low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we
> > couldn't get this
> > in
> > > > on
> > > > > time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
> > > > proposal
> > > > > also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it
> > > > is just to
> > > > > get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for
> > 802.11
> > > > > (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as
> > > > is, but we
> > > > do
> > > > > want to get the problem solved).
> > > > >
> > > > >             jak
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>



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INT     mobileip IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts WG
		 (Dec 12th Wed, 0900-1130)
---------------------------------------------------------

1   Agenda Bashing		10 Mins		WG Chairs	
    WG Doc Status update						

2   MIPv6 Security Discussion			  75 Mins

    a. Securing MIPv6 Binding Updates		  

    b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling

    c. Piggybacking of binding updates

Discussion lead by Gabriel Montenegro, Jari Arkko and Erik Nordmark

I-Ds relevant to this discussion:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-sec-reqts-
02.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-01.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-montenegro-mobileip-mipv6-sece
val-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01.
txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-arkko-mipv6ro-secframework-00.
txt

Note: Only if you have read these I-Ds can you make comments at the
microphone 

3   RFC3012bis:	Issues identified and Changes made	10 Mins Charles

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-rfc3012bis-00.tx
t

4. Handoffs: Low Latency(v4) and Fast HO (v6)		30 Mins

   a. Discussion of issues based on implementation experience
      James Kempf
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-hando
ffs-v4-03.txt
http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf

   b. Fast handoff - Updates/Changes/Issues raised on list
      Gopal Dommety
http://people.nokia.net/~patil/Internet_Drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-
mipv6-04.txt   

5. Localized Mobility Management Requirements           10 Mins
   Carl Williams
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-lmm-requirements
-00.txt

6. MIPv6 at ETSI Bakeoff Report     10 Mins		Sebastien Barbin


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From: "Lalwaney Poornima (NMP/SanDiego)" <Poornima.Lalwaney@nokia.com>
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Hi,

As already discussed in this thread, the real problem is not with src=
0.0.0.0  but that if you follow RFC2002 by the word, there are cases
where the destination IP agent advertisements and registration replies
is copied from the src IP getting us to the scenario where destination
IP=0.0.0.0. We have run into this issue with some implementations and
have had interoperability concerns on this issue. I diasgree that we
have to change RFC1112 interpretation by allowing 0.0.0.0 as destination
IP; or implement an involved DHCP kind of state machine for dynamic
address assignment. 

This destination IP address (0.0.0.0) is forbidden for anything except
source (see RFC 1700 introduction). RFC1700 has a caveat that appears as
"see note later" . I have not been able to find the note either in
RFC1700 or on the updated IANA web pages. 

I do not believe that Mobile IPv4 (RFC2002 or 2002bis) intended to
create a special case by allowing "0.0.0.0" as a valid destination
address. It seems that  that 0.0.0.0 was an afterthought and all the
RFC2000 bis sections were not updated to reflect the effect of this
case. 

Could we not specify the destination IP of broadcast (255.255.255.255)
on replies for the cases where an agent receives a request with src
IP=0.0.0.0?  This is similar to what DHCP does. Uninitialized host stack
implementations accept broadcast while dropping datagrams with
destinaton IP of 0.0.0.0.  However, I think it would be an overkill to
design Mobile IPv4 clients with the DHCP behavior where the DHCPOFFER
and DHCPACK have as destination IP, the address that is to be bound to
the stack. Rather than allowing destination IP=0.0.0.0 as suggested in
this thread, why can we not use destination IP=255.255.255.255?


Now getting to link layer address on the packets with broadcast
destination IP. Can we have unicast link layer address with broadcast
destination IP as would  be required for registartion replies?


So, the following cases have to be addressed in 2002bis with regards to
dynamic home address assignment:

1) If host stack has no IP address (sends requests with src IP =
0.0.0.0), what is the destination IP on registration replies? Are both
destination link layer unicast and link layer broadcast permitted on the
reply.

2) If the host has another address bound to the interface (either
temporary or non-temporary), could that address be used for source IP
with home-address=0.0.0.0? 



Thanks..
Poornima Lalwaney




-----Original Message-----
From: ext Marc Hasson [mailto:marc@mentat.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 10:34 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address


Samita,

(Sorry for the late response, @Home ate my own addressibility
yesterday. :-)   We'll see how my replacement cable company does
today...)

 > > It seems to me that a Mobile Node could accept its newly-assigned
 > > non-zero unicast destination address just as well as the 0.0.0.0,
it
 > > should be well-aware its in an address discovery mode analagous to
 > > DHCPv4 and process the UDP registration reply.
 > > 
 > 
 > Is there any mobile node implementation which accepts UDP
registration
 > reply destined to a newly assigned address and it's own link-layer
 > address while it sends the request with src-addr=0.0.0.0 ? 

Unknown.  This was just a suggestion on how to avoid the apparent 1122
commentary regarding destinations of 0.0.0.0 meaning the local machine
as
opposed to something on the wire.

It seems to me that DHCP implementations (perhaps with kernel stack
assist)
already handle this but I agree that mobile node implementations would
not
unless we specified it.

 > As it was pointed out that it is possible for an implementation
 > to implement this behavior in MN.  

Agreed.  I have no problem with the functionality proposed for the
0.0.0.0
address, my only commentary has been that 2002bis seems to be the first
place where 0.0.0.0 appears as a destination unicast address in a
packet.

 > I think the mobile-ip base draft rfc2002-bis needs to clarify the
 > restriction on having src-addr = 0.0.0.0 and the consequent dst-addr
 > for the registration reply from FA to MN.

100% agreed.

 > 
 > Note that it is also possible that FA may find that the registration 
 > request from  src-addr=0.0.0.0 and home-addr=0.0.0.0 is
poorly-formatted
 > or some other problem, how does it reply back with error then ? ( Due
to
 > the restriction in RFC1122 )
 > Should it drop the packet or send it to multicast addr ?

OK, good point there and perhaps I wasn't fully awake to think about
the error cases.  DHCP presumably responds with a broadcast "nak" and
lets the proper client figure it out based on the ids in the message.
The same could be done with the MN but this doesn't seem as "clean" to
me.  If it was important to avoid the apparent 1122 restriction then
thats what I would recommend but I think I'd agree that for
implementation simplicity the 0.0.0.0 handling is cleaner.

How are apparent conflicts with 1122 handled?  Just highlighted in
2002bis
since these are *mobile* host requirements, not plain hosts?

 > 
 > I wonder, why rfc2002-bis has a MUST in 3.6.1.1, could it be MAY ?
 > 
 > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a temporary
address
 > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's newly-assigned
homeaddr? 
 > 
 > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP
source
 >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.

Yep, I found this confusing too.  I *think* the first MUST "overrides"
this second one when you have a co-located COA but I agree this should
be clarified.

 > 
 > Also the draft needs to clarify that if the source-addr of the UDP
registration
 > request is 0.0.0.0, then what will be the IP dst addr for the
regReply.

Yep.
                        
                         
   -- Marc --


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec  4 16:36:15 2001
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References: <A1170612471BD21185B90008C7FA0A0D0327F9EF@idcpa4.pa.interdigital.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 13:29:10 -0800
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I don't know anything about Hyperlan, but the cellular technologies have
or could have enough predictive information.

Ajoy sent a paper about how to force handover on the MN, so it may, in
fact, be a simple matter of implementation.

        jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Shahrier, Sharif M." <Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 9:14 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11


> 802.11 is just one of the technologies that the low latency handover
> protocol should support, but what about HYPERLAN, GPRS
> and other technologies?
>
> -Sharif.
>
>  -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 6:57 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv4 Fast Handover Support for 802.11
>
> Folks,
>
> As some of you may have noticed,
> draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-ipv4.txt does not support fast
> handoff for the current 802.11 MAC. While the 802.11 spec is always
> subject to change, it may take awhile and the IPv4 fast handoff work
is
> supposted to be immediately deployable. We've done a short proposal
for
> how to support fast handoff for 802.11 as it currently exists, it's at
>
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
> t, it fits into the existing
> low latency framework fairly smoothly. Sorry we couldn't get this in
on
> time, but we just figured it out in the last couple days. This
proposal
> also has some other uses, re the low latency draft, and it is just to
> get the conversation started about how to fix low latency for 802.11
> (that is, we don't necessary expect the WG to accept it as is, but we
do
> want to get the problem solved).
>
>             jak
>



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Subject: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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"Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" wrote:
> 
> INT     mobileip IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts WG
>                  (Dec 12th Wed, 0900-1130)
> ---------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 1   Agenda Bashing              10 Mins         WG Chairs
>     WG Doc Status update
> 
> 2   MIPv6 Security Discussion                     75 Mins
> 
>     a. Securing MIPv6 Binding Updates
> 
>     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling

I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
vs Tunnelling" because Pekka has suggested a solution for
the routing header problem in his
draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01.txt

Every host should follow these rules

Routing header MUST be processed if
	1. segleft is 1
	2. destination address and intermediate address both
	   belong to the same interface of the host that
	   received the packet.
Routing header MUST not be processed if
	1. the address to be swapped does not belong to
	   the same interface as the destination address
	   on the IPv6 header.

if a IPv6 host follows the above rules, is there still a
security problem? if not, I suggest we drop the issue of
router header Vs tunneling and use routing header with the
above two rules.

regards
Vijay

> 
>     c. Piggybacking of binding updates
> 
> Discussion lead by Gabriel Montenegro, Jari Arkko and Erik Nordmark
> 
> I-Ds relevant to this discussion:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-sec-reqts-
> 02.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-01.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-montenegro-mobileip-mipv6-sece
> val-00.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01.
> txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-arkko-mipv6ro-secframework-00.
> txt
> 
> Note: Only if you have read these I-Ds can you make comments at the
> microphone
> 
> 3   RFC3012bis: Issues identified and Changes made      10 Mins Charles
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-rfc3012bis-00.tx
> t
> 
> 4. Handoffs: Low Latency(v4) and Fast HO (v6)           30 Mins
> 
>    a. Discussion of issues based on implementation experience
>       James Kempf
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-hando
> ffs-v4-03.txt
> http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf
> 
>    b. Fast handoff - Updates/Changes/Issues raised on list
>       Gopal Dommety
> http://people.nokia.net/~patil/Internet_Drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-
> mipv6-04.txt
> 
> 5. Localized Mobility Management Requirements           10 Mins
>    Carl Williams
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-lmm-requirements
> -00.txt
> 
> 6. MIPv6 at ETSI Bakeoff Report     10 Mins             Sebastien Barbin


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec  5 04:06:29 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 04 Dec 2001 15:02:46 PST.
             <3C0D5616.77E8A24B@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 10:03:04 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
   
   I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
   vs Tunnelling" because ...

=> I disagree: home address option and routing header are two
basic types of tunnel address compression (cf the Deering/Zill's
draft-deering-ipv6-encap-addr-deletion-00.txt), i.e. there is
no essential difference.
But if your purpose is to show that mobile-ip is the wrong WG
I agree, and IMHO the same remark applies to 'c' (piggy-backing).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 11:41:18 +0100 
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 > > What I should have written is that it wasn't clear what 
 > scenario would
 > > require all packets to go through the HA, while reverse 
 > tunneling was
 > > more obvious. The accounting can be done in the FA. Is 
 > there any other
 > > scenario where all traffic must go through the HA? If not then this
 > > shortcut may be done by the FA if bidirectional tunneling 
 > is not used.
 > > Otherwise I agree with what you're saying.
 > 
 > I don't know if folks have built or are building MIPv4 FAs 
 > that collect
 > accounting information. In such a case, from reading the RFCs, they
 > would presumably expect all packets to go through the HA.
 > Thus having FAs implement shortcuts might be an unpleasant 
 > surprise in
 > that case.

I believe there are FAs which collect accounting data (e.g. CDMA2000 PDSNs).
Would it actually be a problem for accounting? I'm not an expert in
this but why should the HA want to do accounting only for one
direction of MN traffic and not both? If you want to do accounting in the
HA then you reverse tunnel. If there's no reverse tunneling then only
the FA can collect accounting information for traffic to/from the MN.
Do you think HA verification of accounting only for traffic towards
the MN is something people want to do?

 > 
 > Having the accounting be done in the FA (without the ability 
 > for the HA
 > to verify it) is a quite different model. THus I'm not 
 > debating that a
 > system can't be built to work that way - I'm just pointing 
 > out that allowing
 > FA shortcuts is a change to the RFCs as I understand them.

Do you mean RFC2002 or others? I'm not sure this is disallowed in 2002
but I may have misunderstood something. Also, as above, I don't think that
the ability for the HA to verify the FA's accounting only for one direction
of the traffic is useful.

/Karim


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From: KASSI-LAHLOU Mohammed FTRD/DMI/CAE
	 <mohamed.kassilahlou@rd.francetelecom.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 11:41:01 +0100 
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Hi,

I had understood that the routing process in the FA had already changed. The
FA delivers the packets with mobile node's home address as a destination
address to the MN on the foreign network; otherwise it will be a loop.

Or may be the FA delivers the packets to the mobile node on the foreign
network only if they were encapsulated and routes them towards the HA if
they weren't.

Maybe some clarifications are needed in the draft.

Kassi

-----Message d'origine-----
De : Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com]
Envoye : mardi 4 decembre 2001 14:42
A : Karim El-Malki (ERA)
Cc : 'Erik Nordmark'; 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Objet : RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4


> What I should have written is that it wasn't clear what scenario would
> require all packets to go through the HA, while reverse tunneling was
> more obvious. The accounting can be done in the FA. Is there any other
> scenario where all traffic must go through the HA? If not then this
> shortcut may be done by the FA if bidirectional tunneling is not used.
> Otherwise I agree with what you're saying.

I don't know if folks have built or are building MIPv4 FAs that collect
accounting information. In such a case, from reading the RFCs, they
would presumably expect all packets to go through the HA.
Thus having FAs implement shortcuts might be an unpleasant surprise in
that case.

Having the accounting be done in the FA (without the ability for the HA
to verify it) is a quite different model. THus I'm not debating that a
system can't be built to work that way - I'm just pointing out that allowing
FA shortcuts is a change to the RFCs as I understand them.
 
  Erik


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From: KASSI-LAHLOU Mohammed FTRD/DMI/CAE
	 <mohamed.kassilahlou@rd.francetelecom.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 12:01:21 +0100 
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I think that the access points make the accounting and the information is
delivered to the accounting centre.

Kassi

-----Message d'origine-----
De : Karim El-Malki (ERA) [mailto:Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se]
Envoyé : mercredi 5 décembre 2001 11:41
À : 'Erik Nordmark'
Cc : 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Objet : RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4


I believe there are FAs which collect accounting data (e.g. CDMA2000 PDSNs).
Would it actually be a problem for accounting? I'm not an expert in
this but why should the HA want to do accounting only for one
direction of MN traffic and not both? If you want to do accounting in the
HA then you reverse tunnel. If there's no reverse tunneling then only
the FA can collect accounting information for traffic to/from the MN.
Do you think HA verification of accounting only for traffic towards
the MN is something people want to do?

 > 
 > Having the accounting be done in the FA (without the ability 
 > for the HA
 > to verify it) is a quite different model. THus I'm not 
 > debating that a
 > system can't be built to work that way - I'm just pointing 
 > out that allowing
 > FA shortcuts is a change to the RFCs as I understand them.

Do you mean RFC2002 or others? I'm not sure this is disallowed in 2002
but I may have misunderstood something. Also, as above, I don't think that
the ability for the HA to verify the FA's accounting only for one direction
of the traffic is useful.

/Karim


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Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 13:50:08 +0000
From: Theo Pagtzis <t.pagtzis@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
Organization: UCL/Mobile Systems Group
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mipv6-03.txt
References: <200111261113.GAA18889@ietf.org>
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A comment for whoever manages the receipt of IETF drafts..

If one looks at the date of receipt of the IESG draft announcement they
would see that the draft has been submitted on the 21-Nov-01

If now one looks at the date mentioned inside the draft they would see
that the draft mentions

July 2001 (!!!!!) and expiry (this is the amazing one!!!) December 2001

That means to me

  1) that the author seems to have supernatural powers
  2) that the lifetime of a draft is one month
  3) that people may feel inclined to 'forget' the date so that it looks
as if it was written then..if people don't pay attention to it.


I would like to complain to the IESG about that, since in this fashion I
could re-discover the whole of internet by dating a draft December 1975
while I submitted it last week...

This is also not fair for proposals that have been around before the
latest of submission

Cheers

Theo
UCL/Mobile Systems Group



Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> 
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
> This draft is a work item of the IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts Working Group of the IETF.
> 
>         Title           : Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6
>         Author(s)       : G. Dommety, A. Yegin, C. Perkins,
>                           G. Tsirtsis, K. Malki, M. Khalil
>         Filename        : draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mipv6-03.txt
>         Pages           : 66
>         Date            : 21-Nov-01
> 
> Mobile IPv6 describes how a mobile node can change its point of
> attachment from one access router to another (this process is
> referred to as Handoff). During this process, there could be a time
> period  during which the mobile node is unable to send or receive
> IPv6 packets. This time period is referred to as handoff latency. In
> certain scenarios, the handoff latency resulting due to procedures
> described in Mobile IP v6 could be greater than what is acceptable to
> support real-time or delay sensitive traffic.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mipv6-03.txt
> 
> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to
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> type "cd internet-drafts" and then
>         "get draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mipv6-03.txt".
> 
> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
> 
> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
> 
> Send a message to:
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> 
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec  5 10:14:11 2001
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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
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On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
>    >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
>    
>    I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
>    vs Tunnelling" because ...
> 
> => I disagree: home address option and routing header are two
> basic types of tunnel address compression (cf the Deering/Zill's
> draft-deering-ipv6-encap-addr-deletion-00.txt), i.e. there is
> no essential difference.
> But if your purpose is to show that mobile-ip is the wrong WG
> I agree, and IMHO the same remark applies to 'c' (piggy-backing).

I agree with Francis.

If we are to adopt tunneling, it seems to make sense to use it for both
HAO and RH.  If there were no problems with HAO, introducing tunneling
just for RH might not be as "imperative".  These issues are intertwined,
as the mechanisms compared to tunneling are very similar.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec  5 11:00:58 2001
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 10:58:31 -0500
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Thread-Topic: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
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From: "Qiang Zhang" <qzhang@ecutel.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
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In addition, for those MNs that may operate at the colocated mode and
use optimized routing, the problem becomes more obvious. Though per the
RFC2977, a visiting network access entity needs to take the
responsibility to perform AAA record collecting and DHCP server was used
as a sample in this RFC... , it is still not clearly defined. 
Qiang

	-----Original Message----- 
	From: KASSI-LAHLOU Mohammed FTRD/DMI/CAE 
	Sent: Wed 12/5/2001 5:41 AM 
	To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'; Karim El-Malki (ERA) 
	Cc: 
	Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
	
	

	Hi,
	
	I had understood that the routing process in the FA had already
changed. The
	FA delivers the packets with mobile node's home address as a
destination
	address to the MN on the foreign network; otherwise it will be a
loop.
	
	Or may be the FA delivers the packets to the mobile node on the
foreign
	network only if they were encapsulated and routes them towards
the HA if
	they weren't.
	
	Maybe some clarifications are needed in the draft.
	
	Kassi
	
	-----Message d'origine-----
	De : Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com]
	Envoye : mardi 4 decembre 2001 14:42
	A : Karim El-Malki (ERA)
	Cc : 'Erik Nordmark'; 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
	Objet : RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
	
	
	> What I should have written is that it wasn't clear what
scenario would
	> require all packets to go through the HA, while reverse
tunneling was
	> more obvious. The accounting can be done in the FA. Is there
any other
	> scenario where all traffic must go through the HA? If not then
this
	> shortcut may be done by the FA if bidirectional tunneling is
not used.
	> Otherwise I agree with what you're saying.
	
	I don't know if folks have built or are building MIPv4 FAs that
collect
	accounting information. In such a case, from reading the RFCs,
they
	would presumably expect all packets to go through the HA.
	Thus having FAs implement shortcuts might be an unpleasant
surprise in
	that case.
	
	Having the accounting be done in the FA (without the ability for
the HA
	to verify it) is a quite different model. THus I'm not debating
that a
	system can't be built to work that way - I'm just pointing out
that allowing
	FA shortcuts is a change to the RFCs as I understand them.
	
	  Erik
	



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From: "Roy Jose" <rojose@cisco.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <01FAF65DEA16D4119B95009027E78F3108A3CBB8@il02exm26.comm.mot.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 21:57:21 +0530
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I think there is potential routing problem here. Suppose MN1 and MN2 are
visitors on an FA (FA1).  Now suppose MN2 does FA handoff and moves to FA2.
FA1 will have a visiting entry for MN2 till the lifetime expiration. Now if
FA1 tries to by-pass traffic to MN2 through it's visiting interface, packets
won't reach MN2. This problem won't exist if HA send BU's to previous FA.
But, I don't think many people would implement Route Optimizations on HA.

-Roy

> I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after going back to
confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It is my assumption that two
mobile nodes connected to the same FA should be able to by-pass normal IP
routing (e.g. the need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through
the FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical optimization
since the FA has all the necessary information needed to do so (e.g. home IP
address, link layer address, etc.).  The only supporting text I was able to
find on this in the RFC was on page 10.
>
> "Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current foreign agent MUST
be able to exchange datagrams without relying on standard IP routing
mechanisms; that is, those mechanisms which make forwarding decisions based
upon the network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. This
requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and the visiting mobile
node have an interface on the same link. In this case, the mobile node and
foreign agent simply bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending
datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying link-layer packets to
their respective link-layer addresses. Other placements of the foreign agent
relative to the mobile node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to
exchange datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are beyond the
scope of this document."
>
> Adam
>
> Adam C. Lewis
> Senior Engineer
> Advanced Technology & Strategy
> Global Technology Development Group
> Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector
>
> 1301 E. Algonquin Road
> IL02/Rm. 509
> Schaumburg, IL 60196
> Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com
> Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018
>
>
>



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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 10:59:18 -0600
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Has anyone done a analysis on tunneling in general to describe possible
DDoS, reflector holes in it? It seems to me that by simple induction, the
same reflector threats are relavant to all forms of tunneling and that to
protect against these DDoS threats state must be kept on the tunnel
endpoints in order to police against DDoS reflector attack.

That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses in each packet at
all since per-address authorization state must be kept on the tunnel
endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pekka Savola [mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi]
> Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 8:24 AM
> To: mobile-ip
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
> >    >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
> >    
> >    I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
> >    vs Tunnelling" because ...
> > 
> > => I disagree: home address option and routing header are two
> > basic types of tunnel address compression (cf the Deering/Zill's
> > draft-deering-ipv6-encap-addr-deletion-00.txt), i.e. there is
> > no essential difference.
> > But if your purpose is to show that mobile-ip is the wrong WG
> > I agree, and IMHO the same remark applies to 'c' (piggy-backing).
> 
> I agree with Francis.
> 
> If we are to adopt tunneling, it seems to make sense to use 
> it for both
> HAO and RH.  If there were no problems with HAO, introducing tunneling
> just for RH might not be as "imperative".  These issues are 
> intertwined,
> as the mechanisms compared to tunneling are very similar.
> 
> -- 
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords
> 
> 

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charset=3Diso-8859-1">
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5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>
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<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Has anyone done a analysis on tunneling in general to =
describe possible DDoS, reflector holes in it? It seems to me that by =
simple induction, the same reflector threats are relavant to all forms =
of tunneling and that to protect against these DDoS threats state must =
be kept on the tunnel endpoints in order to police against DDoS =
reflector attack.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>That said - what is the use of sending the extra =
addresses in each packet at all since per-address authorization state =
must be kept on the tunnel endpoints in order to protect against the =
reflector attacks?</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Pekka Savola [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi">mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 8:24 =
AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: mobile-ip</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont =
wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs =
Tunnelling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I think we should modify =
'b' to say &quot; Home Address Option</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; vs Tunnelling&quot; =
because ...</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; =3D&gt; I disagree: home address option =
and routing header are two</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; basic types of tunnel address compression =
(cf the Deering/Zill's</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; =
draft-deering-ipv6-encap-addr-deletion-00.txt), i.e. there is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; no essential difference.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; But if your purpose is to show that =
mobile-ip is the wrong WG</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; I agree, and IMHO the same remark applies =
to 'c' (piggy-backing).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I agree with Francis.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; If we are to adopt tunneling, it seems to make =
sense to use </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; it for both</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; HAO and RH.&nbsp; If there were no problems =
with HAO, introducing tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; just for RH might not be as =
&quot;imperative&quot;.&nbsp; These issues are </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; intertwined,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; as the mechanisms compared to tunneling are =
very similar.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -- </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Pekka =
Savola&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;Tell me of difficulties =
surmounted,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Netcore =
Oy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not those you stumble over and =
fall&quot;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Systems. Networks. Security.&nbsp; -- Robert =
Jordan: A Crown of Swords</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec  5 12:50:10 2001
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Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 19:47:16 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> Has anyone done a analysis on tunneling in general to describe possible
> DDoS, reflector holes in it? It seems to me that by simple induction, the
> same reflector threats are relavant to all forms of tunneling and that to
> protect against these DDoS threats state must be kept on the tunnel
> endpoints in order to police against DDoS reflector attack.

I think one needs to create a small I-D at least on how (more or less) 
exactly specific tunneling would replace the current use.

In this specific case -- I don't think the security considerations have 
been analyzed.

Personally, I'd sure would be interested in trying to review a tunneling 
method.

> That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses in each packet at
> all since per-address authorization state must be kept on the tunnel
> endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?

Tunneling "open to all" is bad.  I don't think an "open-to-all" tunneling
solution would be much better than current mechanisms if it wasn't
restricted in some ways (e.g. by omitting certain addresses, to make them
unforgeable).

However, currently tunneling (e.g. IPv4-in-IPv6 manual tunnels) are point 
to point, and more or less trust each end; you can create restrictions 
there.

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Pekka Savola [mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi]
> > Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 8:24 AM
> > To: mobile-ip
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> > 
> > 
> > On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
> > >    >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
> > >    
> > >    I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
> > >    vs Tunnelling" because ...
> > > 
> > > => I disagree: home address option and routing header are two
> > > basic types of tunnel address compression (cf the Deering/Zill's
> > > draft-deering-ipv6-encap-addr-deletion-00.txt), i.e. there is
> > > no essential difference.
> > > But if your purpose is to show that mobile-ip is the wrong WG
> > > I agree, and IMHO the same remark applies to 'c' (piggy-backing).
> > 
> > I agree with Francis.
> > 
> > If we are to adopt tunneling, it seems to make sense to use 
> > it for both
> > HAO and RH.  If there were no problems with HAO, introducing tunneling
> > just for RH might not be as "imperative".  These issues are 
> > intertwined,
> > as the mechanisms compared to tunneling are very similar.
> > 
> > -- 
> > Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> > Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> > Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords
> > 
> > 
> 

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec  5 14:02:44 2001
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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 11:04:06 -0800
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Please bear with me a little while.  If MN1 and MN2 wants to communicate
and both are in the same foreign net, then the following are the options
available for them to pass IP packets without involving the HA.

1. The FA is also the gateway router of the foreign subnet.
2. FA does proxy ARP (assuming Ethernet link layer) for the MN's.
3. The MN's respond to Home Address ARPs (again assuming Ethernet).

Am I missing anything here ?

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Roy Jose
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 8:27 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4


I think there is potential routing problem here. Suppose MN1 and MN2 are
visitors on an FA (FA1).  Now suppose MN2 does FA handoff and moves to FA2.
FA1 will have a visiting entry for MN2 till the lifetime expiration. Now if
FA1 tries to by-pass traffic to MN2 through it's visiting interface, packets
won't reach MN2. This problem won't exist if HA send BU's to previous FA.
But, I don't think many people would implement Route Optimizations on HA.

-Roy

> I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after going back to
confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It is my assumption that two
mobile nodes connected to the same FA should be able to by-pass normal IP
routing (e.g. the need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through
the FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical optimization
since the FA has all the necessary information needed to do so (e.g. home IP
address, link layer address, etc.).  The only supporting text I was able to
find on this in the RFC was on page 10.
>
> "Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current foreign agent MUST
be able to exchange datagrams without relying on standard IP routing
mechanisms; that is, those mechanisms which make forwarding decisions based
upon the network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. This
requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and the visiting mobile
node have an interface on the same link. In this case, the mobile node and
foreign agent simply bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending
datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying link-layer packets to
their respective link-layer addresses. Other placements of the foreign agent
relative to the mobile node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to
exchange datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are beyond the
scope of this document."
>
> Adam
>
> Adam C. Lewis
> Senior Engineer
> Advanced Technology & Strategy
> Global Technology Development Group
> Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector
>
> 1301 E. Algonquin Road
> IL02/Rm. 509
> Schaumburg, IL 60196
> Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com
> Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018
>
>
>



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Hello Lalwaley,


"Lalwaney Poornima (NMP/SanDiego)" wrote:

> Hi,
>
> As already discussed in this thread, the real problem is not with src=
> 0.0.0.0  but that if you follow RFC2002 by the word, there are cases
> where the destination IP agent advertisements and registration replies
> is copied from the src IP getting us to the scenario where destination
> IP=0.0.0.0. We have run into this issue with some implementations and
> have had interoperability concerns on this issue.

What kind of implementations of MIPv4 you are talking about? Hope you can
share with us this info.

> I diasgree that we
> have to change RFC1112 interpretation by allowing 0.0.0.0 as destination
> IP; or implement an involved DHCP kind of state machine for dynamic
> address assignment.
>
> This destination IP address (0.0.0.0) is forbidden for anything except
> source (see RFC 1700 introduction). RFC1700 has a caveat that appears as
> "see note later" . I have not been able to find the note either in
> RFC1700 or on the updated IANA web pages.
>
> I do not believe that Mobile IPv4 (RFC2002 or 2002bis) intended to
> create a special case by allowing "0.0.0.0" as a valid destination
> address. It seems that  that 0.0.0.0 was an afterthought and all the
> RFC2000 bis sections were not updated to reflect the effect of this
> case.
>
> Could we not specify the destination IP of broadcast (255.255.255.255)
> on replies for the cases where an agent receives a request with src
> IP=0.0.0.0?  This is similar to what DHCP does. Uninitialized host stack
> implementations accept broadcast while dropping datagrams with
> destinaton IP of 0.0.0.0.  However, I think it would be an overkill to
> design Mobile IPv4 clients with the DHCP behavior where the DHCPOFFER
> and DHCPACK have as destination IP, the address that is to be bound to
> the stack. Rather than allowing destination IP=0.0.0.0 as suggested in
> this thread, why can we not use destination IP=255.255.255.255?
>
> Now getting to link layer address on the packets with broadcast
> destination IP. Can we have unicast link layer address with broadcast
> destination IP as would  be required for registartion replies?
>
> So, the following cases have to be addressed in 2002bis with regards to
> dynamic home address assignment:
>
> 1) If host stack has no IP address (sends requests with src IP =
> 0.0.0.0), what is the destination IP on registration replies? Are both
> destination link layer unicast and link layer broadcast permitted on the
> reply.
>
> 2) If the host has another address bound to the interface (either
> temporary or non-temporary), could that address be used for source IP
> with home-address=0.0.0.0?
>
> Thanks..
> Poornima Lalwaney
>

--
Behcet



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hi,

Francis Dupont wrote:
> But if your purpose is to show that mobile-ip is the wrong WG
> I agree

great that you agree. this is good. lets throw these issues out 
of the Mobile IP WG. and lets to stick to solving the problem 
of key distribution between the MN and CN. this is what we 
should be concentrating on at this IETF IMO.

regards
Vijay


> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Hello Pekka,

I admit I am behind and have not studied the new tunneling
draft yet.  But I am surprised that you might suggest that
we should use a new tunneling method that isn't even a working
group document yet, when we already have methods that are:
- Draft Standard
- Implemented
- Interoperable

I reckon that the new tunneling method does not resolve any
existing security questions.  Placing a normative dependency
into Mobile IPv6 to a brand new tunneling draft would only make
sense if we could somehow imagine that improvement would result,
and if the new tunneling draft had some magic ability to get to
Proposed Standard in the near future.

I will try to study the relevant drafts right away (I've been
away on extended travel) to see what improvements might result,
but as far as it has been explained to me I don't see them yet.

Regards,
Charlie P.


Pekka Savola wrote:
> 

> If we are to adopt tunneling, it seems to make sense to use it for both
> HAO and RH.  If there were no problems with HAO, introducing tunneling
> just for RH might not be as "imperative".  These issues are intertwined,
> as the mechanisms compared to tunneling are very similar.
> 
> --
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords


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hi Gabriel,

will there be another updated version of this draft before
the IETF meeting? evaluations for atleast two protocols
are missing. It will be good to fill in everything for a 
fair evaluation.

it will great if we could conclude on something (whether a 
single proposal or a combination of one or more proposals) at 
the WG meeting next week.

and the above MUST be the main focus of the meeting next
week (I am getting tired repeating this). and of course, in 
my opinion :)

regards
Vijay


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
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Pekka Savola writes:
 > On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
 > >    >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
 > >    
 > >    I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
 > >    vs Tunnelling" because ...
 > > 
 > > => I disagree: home address option and routing header are two
 > > basic types of tunnel address compression (cf the Deering/Zill's
 > > draft-deering-ipv6-encap-addr-deletion-00.txt), i.e. there is
 > > no essential difference.
 > > But if your purpose is to show that mobile-ip is the wrong WG
 > > I agree, and IMHO the same remark applies to 'c' (piggy-backing).
 > 
 > I agree with Francis.
 > 
 > If we are to adopt tunneling, it seems to make sense to use it for both
 > HAO and RH.  If there were no problems with HAO, introducing tunneling
 > just for RH might not be as "imperative".  These issues are intertwined,
 > as the mechanisms compared to tunneling are very similar.

   Let me understand what is being proposed here. Are
   we saying that the tunneling between MN/CN is sufficiently
   general, and its security implications sufficient murky
   that would should remove it from MIPv6 and charter a
   new WG to work on the general problem rather
   than a MIPv6 specific problem? 

	  Mike


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Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 23:12:28 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
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To Charlie also,

On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Michael Thomas wrote:
> Pekka Savola writes:
>  > On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
>  > >    >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
>  > >    
>  > >    I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
>  > >    vs Tunnelling" because ...
>  > > 
>  > > => I disagree: home address option and routing header are two
>  > > basic types of tunnel address compression (cf the Deering/Zill's
>  > > draft-deering-ipv6-encap-addr-deletion-00.txt), i.e. there is
>  > > no essential difference.
>  > > But if your purpose is to show that mobile-ip is the wrong WG
>  > > I agree, and IMHO the same remark applies to 'c' (piggy-backing).
>  > 
>  > I agree with Francis.
>  > 
>  > If we are to adopt tunneling, it seems to make sense to use it for both
>  > HAO and RH.  If there were no problems with HAO, introducing tunneling
>  > just for RH might not be as "imperative".  These issues are intertwined,
>  > as the mechanisms compared to tunneling are very similar.
> 
>    Let me understand what is being proposed here. Are
>    we saying that the tunneling between MN/CN is sufficiently
>    general, and its security implications sufficient murky
>    that would should remove it from MIPv6 and charter a
>    new WG to work on the general problem rather
>    than a MIPv6 specific problem? 

First, a clarification.

I wasn't saying "we should move to tunneling".  I was just trying to point 
out issues for consideration, _in case_ tunneling was decided to be a 
solution.  I have not yet formed opinion on the subject.

I'm not sure how you read that from what I wrote, but I think I see what
you're pointing out; tunneling between some addresses is a problem that,
under some circumstances, might be usable outside of MIPv6 context (one
issue could be multihoming).  In fact, this looks like ipng material
(where, indeed, address deletion draft was originated).  How we get
something usable out of that.. well, I think it's still up to MIP people
to see what's required if one would like to make it suit the MIP needs.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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On Wed, 5 Dec 2001, Charles E. Perkins wrote:
> I admit I am behind and have not studied the new tunneling
> draft yet.  But I am surprised that you might suggest that
> we should use a new tunneling method that isn't even a working
> group document yet, when we already have methods that are:
> - Draft Standard
> - Implemented
> - Interoperable

I wasn't advocating its use; I was just discussing several issues _if_ we
would, at some point (this is very probably a now or never issue), decide
it's usable.

Note: HAO, which is one of the used methods, is still internet-draft.  The 
latter two apply though.

> I reckon that the new tunneling method does not resolve any
> existing security questions.

That may or may not be; difficult to say at this point.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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Pekka Savola wrote:

> Note: HAO, which is one of the used methods, is still internet-draft.  The
> latter two apply though.

it is just a destination option which is a draft standard. 
and it is meant only for the destination.

Vijay

> 
> > I reckon that the new tunneling method does not resolve any
> > existing security questions.
> 
> That may or may not be; difficult to say at this point.
> 
> --
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords


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From: Nakhjiri Madjid-MNAKHJI1 <Madjid.Nakhjiri@motorola.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 16:08:02 -0600 
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Alper,

Nice informative draft. I have one question on the L2 handover section (4.1)
You say 

"When APs supporting multiple radio technologies on a single subnet,
interoperability suffers if there is no L2-independent way of reporting
on link movement."

Would you care to elaborate? 
Say a WLAN AP-cellular AP case, do you mean the movement has to be reported
at L3 even if the two APs belong to the same subnet?

Regards,
Madjid


-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:14 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft


Folks,

New version of L2 triggers draft is available:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt

Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility - 
Requirements for Underlying Systems 

   Abstract 
    
   A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility 
   protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a 
   Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new 
   radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in 
   routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the 
   part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet 
   occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to 
   inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In 
   either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties 
   involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover 
   at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2 
   handover protocol or API to support optimized handover. 
 

Enjoy.

alper


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From: "Lalwaney Poornima (NMP/SanDiego)" <Poornima.Lalwaney@nokia.com>
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-----Original Message-----
From: ext Behcet Sarikaya [mailto:behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 11:17 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address


Hello Lalwaley,


"Lalwaney Poornima (NMP/SanDiego)" wrote:

> Hi,
>
> As already discussed in this thread, the real problem is not with src=
> 0.0.0.0  but that if you follow RFC2002 by the word, there are cases
> where the destination IP agent advertisements and registration replies
> is copied from the src IP getting us to the scenario where destination
> IP=0.0.0.0. We have run into this issue with some implementations and
> have had interoperability concerns on this issue.

What kind of implementations of MIPv4 you are talking about? Hope you
can
share with us this info.

PL> Its Mobile IP over PPP as specified for CDMA2000, where the mobile
does not have an IP address at the end of the PPP ( As I understand it,
RFC2290 MIPv4 config option is not permitted for the temporary address
assignment which could have been a possible solution to avoid dest IP of
0.0.0.0). However, I expect that there are other networks and hosts
where the issue of destination IP = 0.0.0.0 when using dynamic home
adddress assignment will need to be addressed.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec  5 20:00:21 2001
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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <01FAF65DEA16D4119B95009027E78F3108A3CBB8@il02exm26.comm.mot.com> <0b8c01c17da9$b741eaa0$70ae7ac0@ROJOSEPC>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 16:51:21 -0800
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Roy,

Having gone through this exercise twice (two implementations),
yes, this is the major problem with this innocent-looking-free-optimization
:)

It gets home agent out of the loop. Therefore stale routing information on
foreign
agent can send the packets to blackhole after mobile moves off link.

Also, any ingress filtering and control the home network would impose on
incoming packets would be "skipped" if we let this happen.

alper




----- Original Message -----
From: "Roy Jose" <rojose@cisco.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 8:27 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4


> I think there is potential routing problem here. Suppose MN1 and MN2 are
> visitors on an FA (FA1).  Now suppose MN2 does FA handoff and moves to
FA2.
> FA1 will have a visiting entry for MN2 till the lifetime expiration. Now
if
> FA1 tries to by-pass traffic to MN2 through it's visiting interface,
packets
> won't reach MN2. This problem won't exist if HA send BU's to previous FA.
> But, I don't think many people would implement Route Optimizations on HA.
>
> -Roy
>
> > I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after going back to
> confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It is my assumption that two
> mobile nodes connected to the same FA should be able to by-pass normal IP
> routing (e.g. the need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through
> the FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical optimization
> since the FA has all the necessary information needed to do so (e.g. home
IP
> address, link layer address, etc.).  The only supporting text I was able
to
> find on this in the RFC was on page 10.
> >
> > "Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current foreign agent
MUST
> be able to exchange datagrams without relying on standard IP routing
> mechanisms; that is, those mechanisms which make forwarding decisions
based
> upon the network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. This
> requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and the visiting mobile
> node have an interface on the same link. In this case, the mobile node and
> foreign agent simply bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending
> datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying link-layer packets to
> their respective link-layer addresses. Other placements of the foreign
agent
> relative to the mobile node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to
> exchange datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are beyond the
> scope of this document."
> >
> > Adam
> >
> > Adam C. Lewis
> > Senior Engineer
> > Advanced Technology & Strategy
> > Global Technology Development Group
> > Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector
> >
> > 1301 E. Algonquin Road
> > IL02/Rm. 509
> > Schaumburg, IL 60196
> > Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com
> > Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018
> >
> >
> >
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 00:49:58 2001
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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <35DBB8B7AC89D4118E98009027B1009B0464FBF6@IL27EXM10.cig.mot.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 21:41:19 -0800
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Hi Madjid,


This is James Kempf, Alper is lending me his machine.

I think I wrote that. What I had in mind was the following situation.
Suppose I've got a subnet with 802.11 and Bluetooth access points. Having a
way that the access points could report movement to the access router would
faciliatate intra-subnet movement, for example, ARP cache flushing.

                    jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Nakhjiri Madjid-MNAKHJI1" <Madjid.Nakhjiri@motorola.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 2:08 PM
Subject: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


> Alper,
>
> Nice informative draft. I have one question on the L2 handover section
(4.1)
> You say
>
> "When APs supporting multiple radio technologies on a single subnet,
> interoperability suffers if there is no L2-independent way of reporting
> on link movement."
>
> Would you care to elaborate?
> Say a WLAN AP-cellular AP case, do you mean the movement has to be
reported
> at L3 even if the two APs belong to the same subnet?
>
> Regards,
> Madjid
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:14 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
>
>
> Folks,
>
> New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
>
> Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> Requirements for Underlying Systems
>
>    Abstract
>
>    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
>    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
>    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new
>    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
>    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the
>    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
>    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
>    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In
>    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
>    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover
>    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
>    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
>
>
> Enjoy.
>
> alper
>



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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Matt,


> > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a temporary address
> > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's
> > newly-assigned homeaddr?
> >
> > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP source
> >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> >
>
> I also question why this is a MUST.  It is entirely possible that the MN's
> interface over which it is going to send the RREQ has an IP address
> (established via DHCP), while the mobile does not yet have a MIP home
> address.  In this case, shouldn't it be able to send the RREQ with the
> interface's address as the IP source address, but with a zero home address
> in the RREQ??

You cannot make this assumption. This works only if we are using
co-located care-of address. In case of FA-located care-of
address, mobile node has only home address.

>
> matt
>



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address 
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Lalwaney,

> So, the following cases have to be addressed in 2002bis with regards to
> dynamic home address assignment:
> 
> 1) If host stack has no IP address (sends requests with src IP =
> 0.0.0.0), what is the destination IP on registration replies? Are both
> destination link layer unicast and link layer broadcast permitted on the
> reply.

If we don't want to coflict with rfc1122, yes, we can do this. 
255.255.255.255 should be fine. 

> 
> 2) If the host has another address bound to the interface (either
> temporary or non-temporary), could that address be used for source IP
> with home-address=0.0.0.0? 

If the mobile node is using colocated care-of address, yes, I think
it can send a registration request using that address as the source.

> 
> 
> 
> Thanks..
> Poornima Lalwaney
> 
> 

alper

> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Marc Hasson [mailto:marc@mentat.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 10:34 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
> 
> 
> Samita,
> 
> (Sorry for the late response, @Home ate my own addressibility
> yesterday. :-)   We'll see how my replacement cable company does
> today...)
> 
>  > > It seems to me that a Mobile Node could accept its newly-assigned
>  > > non-zero unicast destination address just as well as the 0.0.0.0,
> it
>  > > should be well-aware its in an address discovery mode analagous to
>  > > DHCPv4 and process the UDP registration reply.
>  > > 
>  > 
>  > Is there any mobile node implementation which accepts UDP
> registration
>  > reply destined to a newly assigned address and it's own link-layer
>  > address while it sends the request with src-addr=0.0.0.0 ? 
> 
> Unknown.  This was just a suggestion on how to avoid the apparent 1122
> commentary regarding destinations of 0.0.0.0 meaning the local machine
> as
> opposed to something on the wire.
> 
> It seems to me that DHCP implementations (perhaps with kernel stack
> assist)
> already handle this but I agree that mobile node implementations would
> not
> unless we specified it.
> 
>  > As it was pointed out that it is possible for an implementation
>  > to implement this behavior in MN.  
> 
> Agreed.  I have no problem with the functionality proposed for the
> 0.0.0.0
> address, my only commentary has been that 2002bis seems to be the first
> place where 0.0.0.0 appears as a destination unicast address in a
> packet.
> 
>  > I think the mobile-ip base draft rfc2002-bis needs to clarify the
>  > restriction on having src-addr = 0.0.0.0 and the consequent dst-addr
>  > for the registration reply from FA to MN.
> 
> 100% agreed.
> 
>  > 
>  > Note that it is also possible that FA may find that the registration 
>  > request from  src-addr=0.0.0.0 and home-addr=0.0.0.0 is
> poorly-formatted
>  > or some other problem, how does it reply back with error then ? ( Due
> to
>  > the restriction in RFC1122 )
>  > Should it drop the packet or send it to multicast addr ?
> 
> OK, good point there and perhaps I wasn't fully awake to think about
> the error cases.  DHCP presumably responds with a broadcast "nak" and
> lets the proper client figure it out based on the ids in the message.
> The same could be done with the MN but this doesn't seem as "clean" to
> me.  If it was important to avoid the apparent 1122 restriction then
> thats what I would recommend but I think I'd agree that for
> implementation simplicity the 0.0.0.0 handling is cleaner.
> 
> How are apparent conflicts with 1122 handled?  Just highlighted in
> 2002bis
> since these are *mobile* host requirements, not plain hosts?
> 
>  > 
>  > I wonder, why rfc2002-bis has a MUST in 3.6.1.1, could it be MAY ?
>  > 
>  > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a temporary
> address
>  > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's newly-assigned
> homeaddr? 
>  > 
>  > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP
> source
>  >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> 
> Yep, I found this confusing too.  I *think* the first MUST "overrides"
> this second one when you have a co-located COA but I agree this should
> be clarified.
> 
>  > 
>  > Also the draft needs to clarify that if the source-addr of the UDP
> registration
>  > request is 0.0.0.0, then what will be the IP dst addr for the
> regReply.
> 
> Yep.
>                         
>                          
>    -- Marc --
> 




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 04:02:41 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
cc: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 05 Dec 2001 11:56:08 PST.
             <3C0E7BD8.9C86FF4B@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2001 10:00:01 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I admit I am behind and have not studied the new tunneling
   draft yet.  But I am surprised that you might suggest that
   we should use a new tunneling method that isn't even a working
   group document yet, when we already have methods that are:
   - Draft Standard
   - Implemented
   - Interoperable
   
=> this is not the case of the home address option (we have not
even an independent definition of it) and the routing header has
some security issues that should be solved in a to be written
document (IPv6 host requirements). So we cannot say there is no
problem and it is better to deal with them in a larger and proper
forum (i.e. the IPv6 WG).

   I reckon that the new tunneling method does not resolve any
   existing security questions.

=> not be itself but the idea is to put the burden in another WG,
this should have two advantages:
 - more time to solve the real problem, i.e. how to secure BUs & co.
 - no danger to get a bad & late feedback as it happens about IPsec.

   Placing a normative dependency

=> the purpose is not to slow down Mobile IPv6 at all!

   If the new tunneling draft had some magic ability to get to
   Proposed Standard in the near future.
   
=> or the discussion about it reveals unsoluble security problems
and Mobile IPv6 has a real problem, or the discussion shows how
to not infringe upon security and Mobile IPv6 gets the benefit
(with current or new mechanisms).

   I will try to study the relevant drafts right away (I've been
   away on extended travel) to see what improvements might result,
   but as far as it has been explained to me I don't see them yet.
   
=> the purpose is not improvements, it is a discussion of this kind
of mechanisms in a general context. And this is *necessary* or how
do you explain that the vast majority of deployed IPv6 implementations
have both no home address option support and a half-backed security
policy for source routing on hosts?

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 04:05:03 2001
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Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 10:00:56 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
To: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
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        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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> I believe there are FAs which collect accounting data (e.g. CDMA2000 PDSNs).
> Would it actually be a problem for accounting? I'm not an expert in
> this but why should the HA want to do accounting only for one
> direction of MN traffic and not both? If you want to do accounting in the
> HA then you reverse tunnel. If there's no reverse tunneling then only
> the FA can collect accounting information for traffic to/from the MN.
> Do you think HA verification of accounting only for traffic towards
> the MN is something people want to do?

My point is that we don't know - and we might not even be able to find
out what assumptions folks have made for various systems.

Thus being conservative not upsetting whatever assumptions folks have
made would seem like a prudent approach.

> Do you mean RFC2002 or others? I'm not sure this is disallowed in 2002
> but I may have misunderstood something. Also, as above, I don't think that
> the ability for the HA to verify the FA's accounting only for one direction
> of the traffic is useful.

RFC 2002. There are lots of things (like dropping all port 443 tcp packets on
the floor) that 2002 doesn't explicitly disallow - doesn't mean it is a good
idea to do them.

As far as I can tell (and please tell me what I missed)
somebody reading RFC 2002 would assume that all packets to a MN pass through
that MNs home agent.

   Erik



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From: "Roy Jose" <rojose@cisco.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <NDBBJKCANKEKAMDAPIHPCEHDCCAA.sgoswami@umich.edu>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
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Hi Subrata,

MN or FA are not supposed to send any ARP replies. FA is the default gateway
for MN's always:) Btw, I am not sure if you got my point right. What I meant
was previous FA(FA1) will have stale information(ARP/route) for the MN(MN2)
even after FA handoff and that will cause problems.

Thanks,
Roy

----- Original Message -----
From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 12:34 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4


> Please bear with me a little while.  If MN1 and MN2 wants to communicate
> and both are in the same foreign net, then the following are the options
> available for them to pass IP packets without involving the HA.
>
> 1. The FA is also the gateway router of the foreign subnet.
> 2. FA does proxy ARP (assuming Ethernet link layer) for the MN's.
> 3. The MN's respond to Home Address ARPs (again assuming Ethernet).
>
> Am I missing anything here ?
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> [mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Roy Jose
> Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 8:27 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
>
>
> I think there is potential routing problem here. Suppose MN1 and MN2 are
> visitors on an FA (FA1).  Now suppose MN2 does FA handoff and moves to
FA2.
> FA1 will have a visiting entry for MN2 till the lifetime expiration. Now
if
> FA1 tries to by-pass traffic to MN2 through it's visiting interface,
packets
> won't reach MN2. This problem won't exist if HA send BU's to previous FA.
> But, I don't think many people would implement Route Optimizations on HA.
>
> -Roy
>
> > I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after going back to
> confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It is my assumption that two
> mobile nodes connected to the same FA should be able to by-pass normal IP
> routing (e.g. the need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through
> the FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical optimization
> since the FA has all the necessary information needed to do so (e.g. home
IP
> address, link layer address, etc.).  The only supporting text I was able
to
> find on this in the RFC was on page 10.
> >
> > "Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current foreign agent
MUST
> be able to exchange datagrams without relying on standard IP routing
> mechanisms; that is, those mechanisms which make forwarding decisions
based
> upon the network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. This
> requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and the visiting mobile
> node have an interface on the same link. In this case, the mobile node and
> foreign agent simply bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending
> datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying link-layer packets to
> their respective link-layer addresses. Other placements of the foreign
agent
> relative to the mobile node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to
> exchange datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are beyond the
> scope of this document."
> >
> > Adam
> >
> > Adam C. Lewis
> > Senior Engineer
> > Advanced Technology & Strategy
> > Global Technology Development Group
> > Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector
> >
> > 1301 E. Algonquin Road
> > IL02/Rm. 509
> > Schaumburg, IL 60196
> > Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com
> > Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018
> >
> >
> >
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 04:28:53 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 05 Dec 2001 12:40:18 PST.
             <15374.34354.407221.647243@thomasm-u1.cisco.com> 
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2001 10:27:06 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

      Let me understand what is being proposed here. Are
      we saying that the tunneling between MN/CN is sufficiently
      general, and its security implications sufficient murky
      that would should remove it from MIPv6 and charter a
      new WG to work on the general problem rather
      than a MIPv6 specific problem? 
   
=> we don't need a new WG because we already have the IPv6 WG.
But the purpose is really to generalize the problem and to give it
to another WG... IMHO this is better than to wait the IETF last call
for getting the IPv6 WG opinion, isn't it?

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 09:05:32 2001
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From: "Shahrier, Sharif M." <Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "'seamoby@cdma-2000.org'" <seamoby@cdma-2000.org>
Subject: [mobile-ip] NSIS working group
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:00:03 -0500 
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I heard that the NSIS working group was supposed to have been formed some
time ago, to develop protocol solutions for QoS in Mobile IP networks. I had
not heard anything about it, and was wondering if its already been formed,
or scheduled to be formed sometime in the future?

-Sharif.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 09:59:19 2001
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From: Matt Impett <M.Impett@flarion.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:56:57 -0500 
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Alper,

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 12:59 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
> 
> 
> Matt,
> 
> 
> > > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a 
> temporary address
> > > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's
> > > newly-assigned homeaddr?
> > >
> > > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, 
> the IP source
> > >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> > >
> >
> > I also question why this is a MUST.  It is entirely 
> possible that the MN's
> > interface over which it is going to send the RREQ has an IP address
> > (established via DHCP), while the mobile does not yet have 
> a MIP home
> > address.  In this case, shouldn't it be able to send the 
> RREQ with the
> > interface's address as the IP source address, but with a 
> zero home address
> > in the RREQ??
> 
> You cannot make this assumption. This works only if we are using
> co-located care-of address. In case of FA-located care-of
> address, mobile node has only home address.

I was not making the assumption that this was always the case.  I was merely
asking: when this is the case, shouldn't the mobile be able to set the
source IP address on its RREQ equal to the interface's address over which
the RREQ is going out??  Currently this is not allowed by the MIP draft, as
the mobile MUST set the source address of its RREQs to 0.0.0.0 if it has no
home address.

Furthermore, why can't the mobile have a local interface address which is
different than its home address without using co-located care-of-addresses??

matt


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 10:59:29 2001
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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] NSIS working group
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:50:12 -0600
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Sharif,

The WG was approved last week by the IESG and it is currently working on
requirements. Some candidate documents are located on the NSIS page: 
http://www-nrc.nokia.com/sua/nsis/NSIS.htm.

I think there is another draft coming down the line located at:
http://www.epic.roke.co.uk/epic/draft-brunner-nsis-req-00.txt.

The mail list is at:
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis

Hope this helps,

Glenn

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Shahrier, Sharif M. [mailto:Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com]
> Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 8:00 AM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Cc: 'seamoby@cdma-2000.org'
> Subject: [mobile-ip] NSIS working group
> 
> 
> I heard that the NSIS working group was supposed to have been 
> formed some
> time ago, to develop protocol solutions for QoS in Mobile IP 
> networks. I had
> not heard anything about it, and was wondering if its already 
> been formed,
> or scheduled to be formed sometime in the future?
> 
> -Sharif.
> 

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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] NSIS working group</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Sharif,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The WG was approved last week by the IESG and it is =
currently working on requirements. Some candidate documents are located =
on the NSIS page: </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2><A =
HREF=3D"http://www-nrc.nokia.com/sua/nsis/NSIS.htm" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www-nrc.nokia.com/sua/nsis/NSIS.htm</A>.</FONT>=

</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I think there is another draft coming down the line =
located at:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2><A =
HREF=3D"http://www.epic.roke.co.uk/epic/draft-brunner-nsis-req-00.txt" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.epic.roke.co.uk/epic/draft-brunner-nsis-req=
-00.txt</A>.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The mail list is at:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2><A =
HREF=3D"https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</A></FONT>=

</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Hope this helps,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Shahrier, Sharif M. [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com">mailto:Sharif.Shahrier@=
InterDigital.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 8:00 =
AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: 'seamoby@cdma-2000.org'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: [mobile-ip] NSIS working group</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I heard that the NSIS working group was =
supposed to have been </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; formed some</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; time ago, to develop protocol solutions for QoS =
in Mobile IP </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; networks. I had</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; not heard anything about it, and was wondering =
if its already </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; been formed,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; or scheduled to be formed sometime in the =
future?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -Sharif.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01C17E6D.B0A8C4B0--


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 12:09:09 2001
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Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2001 09:06:58 -0800
From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: Matt Impett <M.Impett@flarion.com>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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Matt Impett wrote:

>>> I also question why this is a MUST.  It is entirely possible that
>>> the MN's interface over which it is going to send the RREQ has an IP
>>> address (established via DHCP), while the mobile does not yet have
>>> a MIP home address.  In this case, shouldn't it be able to send the
>>> interface's address as the IP source address, but with a zero home
>>> address in the RREQ??

I think your suggestion is reasonable.  It is currently a MUST for
historical reasons, and nobody ever suggested that the mandate be
softened.  Now that the document has already gone through IETF Last
Call, changes would have to go into a Mobile IP version 3 document
of some sort, and this matter doesn't seem to warrant such action.

> Furthermore, why can't the mobile have a local interface address which is
> different than its home address without using co-located care-of-addresses??

I don't think there is any prohibition against the mobile node
getting more addresses, but that is a different question.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:36:45 -0800
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Hi Roy, MN and FA can do ARP, only restriction is MN can
only do unicast ARP reply if it not co-located.

"While the mobile node is away from home, it MUST NOT transmit any
   broadcast ARP Request or ARP Reply messages.  Finally, while the
   mobile node is away from home, it MUST NOT reply to ARP Requests
   in which the target IP address is its own home address, unless the
   ARP Request is sent by a foreign agent with which the mobile node
   is attempting to register or a foreign agent with which the mobile
   node has an unexpired registration.  In the latter case, the mobile
   node MUST use a unicast ARP Reply to respond to the foreign agent.
   Note that if the mobile node is using a co-located care-of address
   and receives an ARP Request in which the target IP address is this
   care-of address, then the mobile node SHOULD reply to this ARP
   Request.  Note also that, when transmitting a Registration Request on
   a foreign network, a mobile node may discover the link-layer address
   of a foreign agent by storing the address as it is received from the
   Agent Advertisement from that foreign agent, but not by transmitting
   a broadcast ARP Request message."

I have been able loacte in RFC 2002 where it says FA has to be
the default router for the MN.  RFC2002 says,

	  "For
         datagrams sent by a mobile node, the foreign agent may serve as
         a default router for registered mobile nodes."

Given the possibility in IPv4 that the FA may not be the default gateway
for the MN, the FA may not even be able to collect any accounting data.

Will address the stale-data issue in a later email.

Subrata



-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Roy Jose
Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 1:19 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4


Hi Subrata,

MN or FA are not supposed to send any ARP replies. FA is the default gateway
for MN's always:) Btw, I am not sure if you got my point right. What I meant
was previous FA(FA1) will have stale information(ARP/route) for the MN(MN2)
even after FA handoff and that will cause problems.

Thanks,
Roy

----- Original Message -----
From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 12:34 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4


> Please bear with me a little while.  If MN1 and MN2 wants to communicate
> and both are in the same foreign net, then the following are the options
> available for them to pass IP packets without involving the HA.
>
> 1. The FA is also the gateway router of the foreign subnet.
> 2. FA does proxy ARP (assuming Ethernet link layer) for the MN's.
> 3. The MN's respond to Home Address ARPs (again assuming Ethernet).
>
> Am I missing anything here ?
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> [mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Roy Jose
> Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 8:27 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
>
>
> I think there is potential routing problem here. Suppose MN1 and MN2 are
> visitors on an FA (FA1).  Now suppose MN2 does FA handoff and moves to
FA2.
> FA1 will have a visiting entry for MN2 till the lifetime expiration. Now
if
> FA1 tries to by-pass traffic to MN2 through it's visiting interface,
packets
> won't reach MN2. This problem won't exist if HA send BU's to previous FA.
> But, I don't think many people would implement Route Optimizations on HA.
>
> -Roy
>
> > I thought I read the answer to this in RFC2002, but after going back to
> confirm it I was unable to find it again.  It is my assumption that two
> mobile nodes connected to the same FA should be able to by-pass normal IP
> routing (e.g. the need to tunnel through a HA) and route directly through
> the FA.  I make this assumption since it would be a logical optimization
> since the FA has all the necessary information needed to do so (e.g. home
IP
> address, link layer address, etc.).  The only supporting text I was able
to
> find on this in the RFC was on page 10.
> >
> > "Similarly, a mobile node and a prospective or current foreign agent
MUST
> be able to exchange datagrams without relying on standard IP routing
> mechanisms; that is, those mechanisms which make forwarding decisions
based
> upon the network-prefix of the destination address in the IP header. This
> requirement can be satisfied if the foreign agent and the visiting mobile
> node have an interface on the same link. In this case, the mobile node and
> foreign agent simply bypass their normal IP routing mechanism when sending
> datagrams to each other, addressing the underlying link-layer packets to
> their respective link-layer addresses. Other placements of the foreign
agent
> relative to the mobile node MAY also be possible using other mechanisms to
> exchange datagrams between these nodes, but such placements are beyond the
> scope of this document."
> >
> > Adam
> >
> > Adam C. Lewis
> > Senior Engineer
> > Advanced Technology & Strategy
> > Global Technology Development Group
> > Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector
> >
> > 1301 E. Algonquin Road
> > IL02/Rm. 509
> > Schaumburg, IL 60196
> > Email: adam.lewis@motorola.com
> > Phone: (847) 576-8489 Fax: (847) 576-9018
> >
> >
> >
>
>



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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Pekka,

you didnt respond to one of my questions below...


Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> Every host should follow these rules
> 
> Routing header MUST be processed if
>         1. segleft is 1
>         2. destination address and intermediate address both
>            belong to the same interface of the host that
>            received the packet.
> Routing header MUST not be processed if
>         1. the address to be swapped does not belong to
>            the same interface as the destination address
>            on the IPv6 header.
> 
> if a IPv6 host follows the above rules, is there still a
> security problem? if not, I suggest we drop the issue of
> router header Vs tunneling and use routing header with the
> above two rules.

if the IPv6 host follows the above two rules while processing
the routing header, do you still see any security problems
with the Mobile IPv6 use of routing header?

if 'no' is the answer, I suggest we drop this issue NOW! TODAY!
we dont have to waste time next wednesday.

regards
Vijay


> 
> regards
> Vijay
> 
> >
> >     c. Piggybacking of binding updates
> >
> > Discussion lead by Gabriel Montenegro, Jari Arkko and Erik Nordmark
> >
> > I-Ds relevant to this discussion:
> >
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-sec-reqts-
> > 02.txt
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-01.txt
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-montenegro-mobileip-mipv6-sece
> > val-00.txt
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01.
> > txt
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-arkko-mipv6ro-secframework-00.
> > txt
> >
> > Note: Only if you have read these I-Ds can you make comments at the
> > microphone
> >
> > 3   RFC3012bis: Issues identified and Changes made      10 Mins Charles
> >
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-rfc3012bis-00.tx
> > t
> >
> > 4. Handoffs: Low Latency(v4) and Fast HO (v6)           30 Mins
> >
> >    a. Discussion of issues based on implementation experience
> >       James Kempf
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-hando
> > ffs-v4-03.txt
> > http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf
> >
> >    b. Fast handoff - Updates/Changes/Issues raised on list
> >       Gopal Dommety
> > http://people.nokia.net/~patil/Internet_Drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-
> > mipv6-04.txt
> >
> > 5. Localized Mobility Management Requirements           10 Mins
> >    Carl Williams
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-lmm-requirements
> > -00.txt
> >
> > 6. MIPv6 at ETSI Bakeoff Report     10 Mins             Sebastien Barbin


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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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On Thu, 6 Dec 2001, Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> > 
> > Every host should follow these rules
> > 
> > Routing header MUST be processed if
> >         1. segleft is 1
> >         2. destination address and intermediate address both
> >            belong to the same interface of the host that
> >            received the packet.
> > Routing header MUST not be processed if
> >         1. the address to be swapped does not belong to
> >            the same interface as the destination address
> >            on the IPv6 header.
> > 
> > if a IPv6 host follows the above rules, is there still a
> > security problem? if not, I suggest we drop the issue of
> > router header Vs tunneling and use routing header with the
> > above two rules.
> 
> if the IPv6 host follows the above two rules while processing
> the routing header, do you still see any security problems
> with the Mobile IPv6 use of routing header?
> 
> if 'no' is the answer, I suggest we drop this issue NOW! TODAY!
> we dont have to waste time next wednesday.

You didn't mention the same zone requirement that was also in the draft; I 
think the omission was not on purpose.

There's pretty marginal threat left assuming same zone restriction, and if
the processing is implemented like this, I think the risk is probably
manageable.

But that doesn't mean it must be *the* way to do it.  There is still the 
issue of HAO vs. tunneling, though.  

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2001 19:24:47 +0100
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> will there be another updated version of this draft before
> the IETF meeting?

I'll try to send something out on sunday when I'm back on line.

-gabriel



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hi Pekka,

Pekka Savola wrote:
> There's pretty marginal threat left assuming same zone restriction, and if
> the processing is implemented like this, I think the risk is probably
> manageable.

I am very glad that you agree on this.

> 
> But that doesn't mean it must be *the* way to do it.  

I can give you a very frank answer for this. routing header has been
shown to work. it is a draft standard. a lot of implementors have
spent a lot of time implementing this. they have also spent a lot
of time going to interops and show that it works (atleast 4 interops
that I know of). and I am NOT going to let anybody change it. 
(especially now that you agree that it is safe to use).

> There is still the
> issue of HAO vs. tunneling, though.

I will get to that soon.

regards
Vijay

> 
> --
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords


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gabriel montenegro wrote:
> 
> Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> > will there be another updated version of this draft before
> > the IETF meeting?
> 
> I'll try to send something out on sunday when I'm back on line.

great. I would really appreciate that. if you need some help,
let me know.

regards
Vijay


> 
> -gabriel


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oops.. ignore the mail. I wanted to send it do Gabriel alone.

Vijay


Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> gabriel montenegro wrote:
> >
> > Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> >
> > > will there be another updated version of this draft before
> > > the IETF meeting?
> >
> > I'll try to send something out on sunday when I'm back on line.
> 
> great. I would really appreciate that. if you need some help,
> let me know.
> 
> regards
> Vijay
> 
> >
> > -gabriel


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
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Francis Dupont writes:
 >       Let me understand what is being proposed here. Are
 >       we saying that the tunneling between MN/CN is sufficiently
 >       general, and its security implications sufficient murky
 >       that would should remove it from MIPv6 and charter a
 >       new WG to work on the general problem rather
 >       than a MIPv6 specific problem? 
 >    
 > => we don't need a new WG because we already have the IPv6 WG.
 > But the purpose is really to generalize the problem and to give it
 > to another WG... IMHO this is better than to wait the IETF last call
 > for getting the IPv6 WG opinion, isn't it?

   Fine, I was just trying to figure out whether moving
   it out of MIP was what was being discussed. I haven't
   made up my mind whether that makes sense. I have to
   admit that this is somewhat tempting, as going through
   this entire exercise again for ipv4 route optimization 
   doesn't thrill me.

		  Mike


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Hello Jari,

Jari Arkko wrote:

> Erik, thanks for your comments. I have some answers below:
> 
> > Section 6.4 talks about having a configuration knob to allow
> > unsecure BUs. I think this is a big mistake. Instead the WG should
> > develop some BU solution that can give some security comparable to
> > today's IPv4 security.
> 
> I agree! I have recently come to the conclusion myself that
> we should not allow unsecure RO at all, and as a minimum should
> require one of the weak auth protocols.

I was really surprised to read this.  Unsecure route optimization has
_never_ been allowable in the Mobile IP working group, neither for
IPv4 or for IPv6.  When has there been discussion otherwise?

Or am I misinterpreting something?

This was my biggest complaint against the original security requirements
draft.  There was so much analysis about what would go wrong with
unsecured Binding Updates, which were never allowable or specified in
any draft that I know of.  The real issues were thus obscured, and
the false impression was given that unsecured Binding Updates represented
a security vulnerability of Mobile IPv6.  The newer security requirements
draft is better in that it avoids making this misrepresentation.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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Hello Murat,

"Bilgic, Murat" wrote (actually to Cedric Westphal, but I had
some answers to contribute):

>> What's the assumption behind having a single link?

If there are multiple links for which the constraints on
bandwidth and medium access are important, I reckon that the
effects would be cumulative.  Considering a single link is at
least easier to understand, and amounts to a conservative
assumption.


>> What's the delay tolerance of the BU?

There isn't any established delay tolerance.  The sooner the
Binding Update can be delivered, the better performance.
I don't think there is any huge downside other than somewhat
increased end-to-end delay.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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From: Nakhjiri Madjid-MNAKHJI1 <Madjid.Nakhjiri@motorola.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 14:57:24 -0600 
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Hi james (C/o Alper :) )

Ok, Understand. That sounds reasonable.

Thanks,
Madjid 

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 11:41 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


Hi Madjid,


This is James Kempf, Alper is lending me his machine.

I think I wrote that. What I had in mind was the following situation.
Suppose I've got a subnet with 802.11 and Bluetooth access points. Having a
way that the access points could report movement to the access router would
faciliatate intra-subnet movement, for example, ARP cache flushing.

                    jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Nakhjiri Madjid-MNAKHJI1" <Madjid.Nakhjiri@motorola.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 2:08 PM
Subject: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


> Alper,
>
> Nice informative draft. I have one question on the L2 handover section
(4.1)
> You say
>
> "When APs supporting multiple radio technologies on a single subnet,
> interoperability suffers if there is no L2-independent way of reporting
> on link movement."
>
> Would you care to elaborate?
> Say a WLAN AP-cellular AP case, do you mean the movement has to be
reported
> at L3 even if the two APs belong to the same subnet?
>
> Regards,
> Madjid
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:14 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
>
>
> Folks,
>
> New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
>
> Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> Requirements for Underlying Systems
>
>    Abstract
>
>    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
>    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
>    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new
>    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
>    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the
>    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
>    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
>    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In
>    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
>    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover
>    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
>    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
>
>
> Enjoy.
>
> alper
>


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 16:33:30 2001
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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1005580879.25503.nordmark@bebop.france> <3BFA30E7.A02189A5@lmf.ericsson.se> <3C0FCA08.B0FB5C55@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional comments on  draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-00.txt
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> > I agree! I have recently come to the conclusion myself that
> > we should not allow unsecure RO at all, and as a minimum should
> > require one of the weak auth protocols.
> 
> I was really surprised to read this.  Unsecure route optimization has
> _never_ been allowable in the Mobile IP working group, neither for
> IPv4 or for IPv6.  When has there been discussion otherwise?

There hasn't been - apparently I was the only one who was confused.
In any case, now we all agree that some security must be on all the
time.

Jari





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 16:44:20 2001
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Forwarding from Previous CoA as an LMM Solution?
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 13:40:32 -0800
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Not trying to be provocative or anything, but I'm curious how
"forwarding from previous Care of Address" which
is in the Mobile IP spec, differs from HMIPv6. Anybody care to comment?

One thing I can see is that forwarding from previous Care of Address
limits where the LMM agent can be deployed
to the Access Router, while HMIPv6 allows the MAP to be deployed
anywhere.

                        jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 17:41:48 2001
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Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2001 12:39:20 -0800
Subject: FW: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
From: "T.J. Kniveton" <TJ@Kniveton.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <monet@crm.mot.com>
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Hi,

I never saw the included on the list or in the archives so I guess it didn't
make it.

Anyway, we're going to meet up on Wednesday evening, at about 5:30pm - 7pm
to talk about mobile networks & routers. Please e-mail
hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se to tell us how many people from your group
are coming. Hesham is going to choose a good place for the meeting based on
attendance and let people know.

If you already received this message, sorry!

Thanks,
-TJ


----------
  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: Hesham Soliman (ERA)
  > Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 5:55 PM
  > To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'; monet@crm.mot.com
  > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
  > 
  > 
  > Thanks TJ, 
  > 
  > I was meant to announce it but spent too much time
  > worrying about the best time for everyone !
  > It has been suggested that it's too early to hit
  > the bar after the MIP wg meeting.
  > So the current suggestion is to hold the meeting
  > before the plenary. 17.30 - 19.00
  > 
  > It would be good to know how many people are interested
  > in coming, so I can find an appropriate place.
  > So please let me know (via private mail) if you
  > (or preferably more than one person per email !)
  > are interested in attending.
  > 
  > Please note that this is not a BOF but simply a
  > short meeting to discuss the possibility of holding
  > a BOF at the next meeting.
  > 
  > Cheers, 
  > Hesham



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 18:01:23 2001
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Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2001 15:00:18 -0800
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I'm reposting this, because it didn't seem to get posted the first time
around.  If you've already received this e-mail, please ignore this message.

Regards,

Satomi Okazaki


> An informational document summarizing some of the proposals submitted to
> the working group regarding the binding update authentication problem
> (between a mobile node and a correspondent node) has been posted at the
> following URL:  http://www.nttmcl.com/sec/BindingUpdate.pdf .
>
> We have attempted to give a short summary of each of the binding update
> authentication proposals listed in “MIPv6 Security: Assessment of
> Proposals,” an Internet Draft by G. Montenegro.  Each proposal relies on
> different security association assumptions, uses different cryptographic
> techniques, and hence achieves different levels of security. Our intent is
> to classify these proposals into several categories and describe them in a
> uniform way so that it is easy to analyze and compare their security.
>
> Regards,
>
> Satomi Okazaki
> NTT Multimedia Communications Laboratories, Inc.
> 250 Cambridge Avenue, Suite 300
> Palo Alto, California 94306



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 18:57:53 2001
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's
To: charliep@iprg.nokia.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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From: "Krishna Kumar" <kumarkr@us.ibm.com>
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 15:52:53 -0800
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Hi Charlie,

I feel there is a small problem in the Draft 15 regarding the address used
for performing DAD.

1. Page 67 for BU processing says that DAD should be performed on the Link
Local Address.
2. Pg 94 says that : If some time elapses during which the mobile node has
no binding at the home agent, it might be possible for another node to
autoconfigure the mobile node's home address.

A new node 'X' can configure it's address either through autoconfiguration
(in which case #1 is sufficient), or by manual means. Since the address can
be configured manually, I feel the specification should be changed to state
that  DAD should be performed on the Link Local address and all Home
Addresses (if Prefix Length is > 0) based on different prefixes supported
by the Home Agent.

The reason is that the MN might configure a site local address as it's home
address and move to a foreign network. Before HA gets the BU, another node
'X' manually configures it's address to the site local address used by the
MN, and it succeeds. When HA gets the BU, it does a Neighbor Solicitation
on the Link Local Address, and since X has not configured that link local
address, it doesn't respond to the NS. Now packets meant for 'X' get
wrongly tunneled to the MN. The node X doesn't even need to take the same
site local address for this to fail, it can configure any other address
based on the prefixes supported and the interface identifier. In this case,
after the BU succeeds, any packets meant for this different address will
still be tunnelled wrongly by the HA to the MN since Prefix Length was
greater than zero. Hence I feel HA must perform DAD on all addresses (can
be done parallely and probably take almost the same time as it would take
for one DAD) if Prefix Length > 0.

Secondly, is it a good idea for Mobility to change the value of
RetransTimer to a smaller value like 0.5 seconds or smaller ? This means
faster handoff for the MN.  Otherwise the MN has to wait for
1.5*(RetransTimer*DupAddrDetectTransmits) = atleast 1.5 seconds before the
MN gets a response, and before it is allowed to send BU's to CN's. Reducing
this time ensures faster movement mechanism for the MN.

Thanks,

- KK



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's
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Hi KK,

I think this comes from RFC 2462 which says if you have stateless 
address configuration, its enough if you do duplicate address 
detection on just the link local address. the other addresses are 
a MAY.

heres the relevant text from RFC 2462, section 5.4

---------------

      - Each individual unicast address SHOULD be tested for uniqueness.
        However, when stateless address autoconfiguration is used,
        address uniqueness is determined solely by the interface
        identifier, assuming that subnet prefixes are assigned correctly
        (i.e., if all of an interface's addresses are generated from the
        same identifier, either all addresses or none of them will be
        duplicates). Thus, for a set of addresses formed from the same
        interface identifier, it is sufficient to check that the link-
        local address generated from the identifier is unique on the
        link. In such cases, the link-local address MUST be tested for
        uniqueness, and if no duplicate address is detected, an
        implementation MAY choose to skip Duplicate Address Detection
        for additional addresses derived from the same interface
        identifier.

---------------

And I guess the intention was that Mobile IPv6 did not want to 
specify anything in addition to what is there in RFC 2462.

and regarding more than prefix on the home link there is 
something specified in draft 15 for that. if the 'S' bit in the
BU is set, the Home Agent defends just the home address 
specified in the home address option. if the 'S' bit is not set, 
the home agent forms a home address from each prefix on the home 
link and defends all of them. and even in this case, by RFC 2462, 
its enough if you do DAD from just the link local address if 
stateless address configuration is being used. 

one more thing, in your example below node 'X' MUST configure a 
link local address. it cant configure a site local address alone 
and not configure a link local address. it is there in some RFC, 
I forgot which.

regards
Vijay


Krishna Kumar wrote:
> 
> Hi Charlie,
> 
> I feel there is a small problem in the Draft 15 regarding the address used
> for performing DAD.
> 
> 1. Page 67 for BU processing says that DAD should be performed on the Link
> Local Address.
> 2. Pg 94 says that : If some time elapses during which the mobile node has
> no binding at the home agent, it might be possible for another node to
> autoconfigure the mobile node's home address.
> 
> A new node 'X' can configure it's address either through autoconfiguration
> (in which case #1 is sufficient), or by manual means. Since the address can
> be configured manually, I feel the specification should be changed to state
> that  DAD should be performed on the Link Local address and all Home
> Addresses (if Prefix Length is > 0) based on different prefixes supported
> by the Home Agent.
> 
> The reason is that the MN might configure a site local address as it's home
> address and move to a foreign network. Before HA gets the BU, another node
> 'X' manually configures it's address to the site local address used by the
> MN, and it succeeds. When HA gets the BU, it does a Neighbor Solicitation
> on the Link Local Address, and since X has not configured that link local
> address, it doesn't respond to the NS. Now packets meant for 'X' get
> wrongly tunneled to the MN. The node X doesn't even need to take the same
> site local address for this to fail, it can configure any other address
> based on the prefixes supported and the interface identifier. In this case,
> after the BU succeeds, any packets meant for this different address will
> still be tunnelled wrongly by the HA to the MN since Prefix Length was
> greater than zero. Hence I feel HA must perform DAD on all addresses (can
> be done parallely and probably take almost the same time as it would take
> for one DAD) if Prefix Length > 0.
> 
> Secondly, is it a good idea for Mobility to change the value of
> RetransTimer to a smaller value like 0.5 seconds or smaller ? This means
> faster handoff for the MN.  Otherwise the MN has to wait for
> 1.5*(RetransTimer*DupAddrDetectTransmits) = atleast 1.5 seconds before the
> MN gets a response, and before it is allowed to send BU's to CN's. Reducing
> this time ensures faster movement mechanism for the MN.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> - KK


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec  6 21:23:33 2001
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Binding Update Authentication Proposals
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Excellent work. I am sure this would help in the protocol
comparison.

Thanks a lot.

Vijay

Satomi Okazaki wrote:
> 
> I'm reposting this, because it didn't seem to get posted the first time
> around.  If you've already received this e-mail, please ignore this message.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Satomi Okazaki
> 
> > An informational document summarizing some of the proposals submitted to
> > the working group regarding the binding update authentication problem
> > (between a mobile node and a correspondent node) has been posted at the
> > following URL:  http://www.nttmcl.com/sec/BindingUpdate.pdf .
> >
> > We have attempted to give a short summary of each of the binding update
> > authentication proposals listed in ?MIPv6 Security: Assessment of
> > Proposals,? an Internet Draft by G. Montenegro.  Each proposal relies on
> > different security association assumptions, uses different cryptographic
> > techniques, and hence achieves different levels of security. Our intent is
> > to classify these proposals into several categories and describe them in a
> > uniform way so that it is easy to analyze and compare their security.
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > Satomi Okazaki
> > NTT Multimedia Communications Laboratories, Inc.
> > 250 Cambridge Avenue, Suite 300
> > Palo Alto, California 94306


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The ref [7](802.11 IAPP ) in the draft  handles all the roaming
issues in a L2 connected 802.11 environment.  Here roaming is transparent
to IP, IAPP takes care (or would take care) of that.

However , it seems  that MIP is forwarded as the solution in a situation
where a MN roams from  a 802.11 AP to another 802.11 AP situated in another
L2 network (e.g. there is no L2 connectivity between the AP's). Or the MN
might roam into a 3GPPx network. In both of these situations, only the MN
would be able tell that it has roamed out of this AP and roamed into that
AP.
Furthermore context parameters would have to be generic enough to handle
very
different types of networks. If the trigger is network initiated then the
FA's
in two potentially autonomous networks would have to exchange contexts,
which
might take longer than going through HA's.




-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Nakhjiri
Madjid-MNAKHJI1
Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 12:57 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


Hi james (C/o Alper :) )

Ok, Understand. That sounds reasonable.

Thanks,
Madjid

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 11:41 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


Hi Madjid,


This is James Kempf, Alper is lending me his machine.

I think I wrote that. What I had in mind was the following situation.
Suppose I've got a subnet with 802.11 and Bluetooth access points. Having a
way that the access points could report movement to the access router would
faciliatate intra-subnet movement, for example, ARP cache flushing.

                    jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Nakhjiri Madjid-MNAKHJI1" <Madjid.Nakhjiri@motorola.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 2:08 PM
Subject: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


> Alper,
>
> Nice informative draft. I have one question on the L2 handover section
(4.1)
> You say
>
> "When APs supporting multiple radio technologies on a single subnet,
> interoperability suffers if there is no L2-independent way of reporting
> on link movement."
>
> Would you care to elaborate?
> Say a WLAN AP-cellular AP case, do you mean the movement has to be
reported
> at L3 even if the two APs belong to the same subnet?
>
> Regards,
> Madjid
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:14 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
>
>
> Folks,
>
> New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
>
> Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> Requirements for Underlying Systems
>
>    Abstract
>
>    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
>    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
>    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new
>    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
>    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the
>    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
>    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
>    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In
>    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
>    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover
>    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
>    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
>
>
> Enjoy.
>
> alper
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 03:20:15 2001
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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] NSIS working group
Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 10:17:50 +0200 
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Hi Glenn & Sharif,

> The WG was approved last week by the IESG and it is currently 
> working on requirements. Some candidate documents are located 
> on the NSIS page:

> http://www-nrc.nokia.com/sua/nsis/NSIS.htm.
>
> I think there is another draft coming down the line located at: 
> http://www.epic.roke.co.uk/epic/draft-brunner-nsis-req-00.txt. 
>
> The mail list is at: 
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis 

Glenn's information is correct - currently, we do not have
any working group documents - all of the documents are
individual submissions.  

NSIS is chartered to work on signaling QoS - not the
actual QoS resource reservation.  The solution should
work with MIP, as well as with other technologies 
(non-mobile).

John


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 06 Dec 2001 11:26:53 PST.
             <15375.50813.186702.746029@thomasm-u1.cisco.com> 
Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 11:16:18 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

      Fine, I was just trying to figure out whether moving
      it out of MIP was what was being discussed. I haven't
      made up my mind whether that makes sense. I have to
      admit that this is somewhat tempting, as going through
      this entire exercise again for ipv4 route optimization 
      doesn't thrill me.
   
=> as there is no home address option and near every routers filter
out source routed packets in IPv4 I don't understand your objection...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 05:29:11 2001
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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        monet@crm.mot.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 17:55:17 +0100 
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Thanks TJ, 

I was meant to announce it but spent too much time
worrying about the best time for everyone !
It has been suggested that it's too early to hit 
the bar after the MIP wg meeting. 
So the current suggestion is to hold the meeting 
before the plenary. 17.30 - 19.00

It would be good to know how many people are interested
in coming, so I can find an appropriate place. 
So please let me know (via private mail) if you
(or preferably more than one person per email !)
are interested in attending. 

Please note that this is not a BOF but simply a 
short meeting to discuss the possibility of holding
a BOF at the next meeting. 

Cheers, 
Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: T.J. Kniveton [mailto:TJ@Kniveton.com]
  > Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 9:12 PM
  > To: monet@crm.mot.com
  > Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
  > 
  > 
  > Hi,
  > 
  > A few people have asked me whether we are meeting at IETF52 
  > to discuss the
  > Mobile Networks subject in a BOF, so I just want to answer 
  > that question for
  > everyone else who is interested.
  > 
  > There is no official BOF scheduled, but we are getting 
  > together for a "bar
  > BOF" to discuss planning for the group, and possible go over some
  > requirements and charter items to have them ready and the 
  > scope defined for
  > a future BOF.
  > 
  > The time we have discussed for this meeting would be on 
  > Wednesday, 12/12,
  > after lunch (soon after the Mobile IP meeting). Hesham 
  > Soliman is in charge
  > of the arrangements and will post them when finalized.
  > 
  > 
  >   -TJ
  >  
  > 


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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 06 Dec 2001 15:52:53 PST.
             <OF9017183C.9557531A-ON88256B1A.007EFEAB@boulder.ibm.com> 
Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 11:47:08 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I feel there is a small problem in the Draft 15 regarding the address used
   for performing DAD.
   
   1. Page 67 for BU processing says that DAD should be performed on the Link
   Local Address.

=> this is based on the common policy where DAD is only performed
on link-local addresses *and* no address uses a different interface ID.
If this policy is used any node connected to the home link (the MN at home,
the HA, etc) knows that so there is no problem. Perhaps this explanation
is missing but draft 15 is right.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: in practice either the host can be on the home link and the interface ID
is built from the MAC address, either the host cannot be on the home link
and one may use 1, 2, ... as the interface ID for the home address (with
prefix length 0). So what you described should not happen.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 05:51:41 2001
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Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 18:05:59 +0100
From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MN-to-MN communications in MIPv4
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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> I think there is potential routing problem here. Suppose MN1 
 > and MN2 are
 > visitors on an FA (FA1).  Now suppose MN2 does FA handoff 
 > and moves to FA2.
 > FA1 will have a visiting entry for MN2 till the lifetime 
 > expiration. Now if
 > FA1 tries to by-pass traffic to MN2 through it's visiting 
 > interface, packets
 > won't reach MN2. This problem won't exist if HA send BU's to 
 > previous FA.
 > But, I don't think many people would implement Route 
 > Optimizations on HA.
 
The previous FA extension to the Registration message can be used
where the BU is sent from new FA to old FA. Not everyone will
implement this, but it should be made clear if and when this
shortcut can be done.

/Karim


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 06 Dec 2001 17:20:28 PST.
             <3C10195C.F09CBE7@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 11:59:09 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   one more thing, in your example below node 'X' MUST configure a 
   link local address. it cant configure a site local address alone 
   and not configure a link local address. it is there in some RFC, 
   I forgot which.
   
=> but 'X' MAY configure a link-local address with a different interface ID
(even if this is silly and confusing). To say that stateless address
autoconfiguration is used is not enough because of routers (so in the quote
there is an explicit assumption which applies to all nodes on the link:

        However, when stateless address autoconfiguration is used,
        address uniqueness is determined solely by the interface
        identifier, assuming that subnet prefixes are assigned correctly
        (i.e., if all of an interface's addresses are generated from the
        same identifier, either all addresses or none of them will be
        duplicates).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: there was a proposal to change DAD by a duplicate Interface-ID Detection
but it seems too hard to change RFC 2462 even if DIidD is strickly better.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 06:22:08 2001
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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "'monet@crm.mot.com'" <monet@crm.mot.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 13:57:55 +0100 
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Third time lucky !
  > 
  > [For some reason this one hasn't made it to the list or 
  > back to me, sorry if you get multiple copies ]
  > 
  > Thanks TJ, 
  > 
  > I was meant to announce it but spent too much time
  > worrying about the best time for everyone !
  > It has been suggested that it's too early to hit 
  > the bar after the MIP wg meeting. 
  > So the current suggestion is to hold the meeting 
  > before the plenary. 17.30 - 19.00
  > 
  > It would be good to know how many people are interested
  > in coming, so I can find an appropriate place. 
  > So please let me know (via private mail) if you
  > (or preferably more than one person per email !)
  > are interested in attending. 
  > 
  > Please note that this is not a BOF but simply a 
  > short meeting to discuss the possibility of holding
  > a BOF at the next meeting. 
  > 
  > Cheers, 
  > Hesham
  >   > 
  >   >   > -----Original Message-----
  >   >   > From: T.J. Kniveton [mailto:TJ@Kniveton.com]
  >   >   > Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 9:12 PM
  >   >   > To: monet@crm.mot.com
  >   >   > Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  >   >   > Subject: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
  >   >   > 
  >   >   > 
  >   >   > Hi,
  >   >   > 
  >   >   > A few people have asked me whether we are meeting at IETF52 
  >   >   > to discuss the
  >   >   > Mobile Networks subject in a BOF, so I just want to answer 
  >   >   > that question for
  >   >   > everyone else who is interested.
  >   >   > 
  >   >   > There is no official BOF scheduled, but we are getting 
  >   >   > together for a "bar
  >   >   > BOF" to discuss planning for the group, and possible go 
  >   > over some
  >   >   > requirements and charter items to have them ready and the 
  >   >   > scope defined for
  >   >   > a future BOF.
  >   >   > 
  >   >   > The time we have discussed for this meeting would be on 
  >   >   > Wednesday, 12/12,
  >   >   > after lunch (soon after the Mobile IP meeting). Hesham 
  >   >   > Soliman is in charge
  >   >   > of the arrangements and will post them when finalized.
  >   >   > 
  >   >   > 
  >   >   >   -TJ
  >   >   >  
  >   >   > 
  >   > 
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 06:33:16 2001
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Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2001 12:45:53 +0100
From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'monet@crm.mot.com'" <monet@crm.mot.com>
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[For some reason this one hasn't made it to the list or 
back to me, sorry if you get multiple copies ]

Thanks TJ, 

I was meant to announce it but spent too much time
worrying about the best time for everyone !
It has been suggested that it's too early to hit 
the bar after the MIP wg meeting. 
So the current suggestion is to hold the meeting 
before the plenary. 17.30 - 19.00

It would be good to know how many people are interested
in coming, so I can find an appropriate place. 
So please let me know (via private mail) if you
(or preferably more than one person per email !)
are interested in attending. 

Please note that this is not a BOF but simply a 
short meeting to discuss the possibility of holding
a BOF at the next meeting. 

Cheers, 
Hesham
  > 
  >   > -----Original Message-----
  >   > From: T.J. Kniveton [mailto:TJ@Kniveton.com]
  >   > Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 9:12 PM
  >   > To: monet@crm.mot.com
  >   > Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  >   > Subject: [mobile-ip] mobile nets meeting at IETF52
  >   > 
  >   > 
  >   > Hi,
  >   > 
  >   > A few people have asked me whether we are meeting at IETF52 
  >   > to discuss the
  >   > Mobile Networks subject in a BOF, so I just want to answer 
  >   > that question for
  >   > everyone else who is interested.
  >   > 
  >   > There is no official BOF scheduled, but we are getting 
  >   > together for a "bar
  >   > BOF" to discuss planning for the group, and possible go 
  > over some
  >   > requirements and charter items to have them ready and the 
  >   > scope defined for
  >   > a future BOF.
  >   > 
  >   > The time we have discussed for this meeting would be on 
  >   > Wednesday, 12/12,
  >   > after lunch (soon after the Mobile IP meeting). Hesham 
  >   > Soliman is in charge
  >   > of the arrangements and will post them when finalized.
  >   > 
  >   > 
  >   >   -TJ
  >   >  
  >   > 
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 07:42:59 2001
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From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
To: snap-users@kame.net, mip6@kame.net, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] KAME/MIP6 implementation notes
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Hi folks,

I have wrote a short implementation notes about current KAME/MIP6
stack.

If you are interedted in our implementation, please take a look on it.
Though it is still incomplete, it may be useful to understand our
code.  You can get it from
http://www.kame.net/newsletter/20011206/kame-mip6-implementation.txt

Since I will be at IETF, please ask me and other KAME/MIP6 developpers
directly if you have questions/suggestions. (Of course, asking by the
email is welcome too)

Thanks,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 11:12:43 2001
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From: "Shahrier, Sharif M." <Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft
Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 11:08:46 -0500 
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Is this draft available in the I-D directory? If so, what is the exact
title?
 If its still work in progress, could you please send it to me directly?
Thanks.

Sharif.

 -----Original Message-----
From: 	Subrata Goswami [mailto:sgoswami@umich.edu] 
Sent:	Thursday, December 06, 2001 9:49 PM
To:	mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject:	RE: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft

The ref [7](802.11 IAPP ) in the draft  handles all the roaming
issues in a L2 connected 802.11 environment.  Here roaming is transparent
to IP, IAPP takes care (or would take care) of that.

However , it seems  that MIP is forwarded as the solution in a situation
where a MN roams from  a 802.11 AP to another 802.11 AP situated in another
L2 network (e.g. there is no L2 connectivity between the AP's). Or the MN
might roam into a 3GPPx network. In both of these situations, only the MN
would be able tell that it has roamed out of this AP and roamed into that
AP.
Furthermore context parameters would have to be generic enough to handle
very
different types of networks. If the trigger is network initiated then the
FA's
in two potentially autonomous networks would have to exchange contexts,
which
might take longer than going through HA's.




-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Nakhjiri
Madjid-MNAKHJI1
Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 12:57 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


Hi james (C/o Alper :) )

Ok, Understand. That sounds reasonable.

Thanks,
Madjid

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 11:41 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


Hi Madjid,


This is James Kempf, Alper is lending me his machine.

I think I wrote that. What I had in mind was the following situation.
Suppose I've got a subnet with 802.11 and Bluetooth access points. Having a
way that the access points could report movement to the access router would
faciliatate intra-subnet movement, for example, ARP cache flushing.

                    jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Nakhjiri Madjid-MNAKHJI1" <Madjid.Nakhjiri@motorola.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 2:08 PM
Subject: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


> Alper,
>
> Nice informative draft. I have one question on the L2 handover section
(4.1)
> You say
>
> "When APs supporting multiple radio technologies on a single subnet,
> interoperability suffers if there is no L2-independent way of reporting
> on link movement."
>
> Would you care to elaborate?
> Say a WLAN AP-cellular AP case, do you mean the movement has to be
reported
> at L3 even if the two APs belong to the same subnet?
>
> Regards,
> Madjid
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:14 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
>
>
> Folks,
>
> New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
>
> Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> Requirements for Underlying Systems
>
>    Abstract
>
>    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
>    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
>    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new
>    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
>    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the
>    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
>    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
>    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In
>    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
>    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover
>    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
>    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
>
>
> Enjoy.
>
> alper
>


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 12:14:33 2001
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
In-Reply-To: <200112071016.fB7AGID05521@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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	<200112071016.fB7AGID05521@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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Francis Dupont writes:
 >       Fine, I was just trying to figure out whether moving
 >       it out of MIP was what was being discussed. I haven't
 >       made up my mind whether that makes sense. I have to
 >       admit that this is somewhat tempting, as going through
 >       this entire exercise again for ipv4 route optimization 
 >       doesn't thrill me.
 >    
 > => as there is no home address option and near every routers filter
 > out source routed packets in IPv4 I don't understand your objection...

  I haven't read over Steve's draft, but I got the
  impression that it was just a tunnel with the
  ability to optimize redundant IP headers. I wouldn't
  think that is v6 specific, and that it was possibly
  a replacement for the RH/HAO mechanism in MIPv6 today.

	     Mike


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Hello Francis,

Francis Dupont wrote:
> 
>    I admit I am behind and have not studied the new tunneling
>    draft yet.  But I am surprised that you might suggest that
>    we should use a new tunneling method that isn't even a working
>    group document yet, when we already have methods that are:
>    - Draft Standard
>    - Implemented
>    - Interoperable
> 
> => this is not the case of the home address option (we have not
> even an independent definition of it) and the routing header has
> some security issues that should be solved in a to be written
> document (IPv6 host requirements). So we cannot say there is no
> problem and it is better to deal with them in a larger and proper
> forum (i.e. the IPv6 WG).

I think that Vijay has suggested a very simple statement about how
to eliminate problems with the routing header.  The new encapsulation
mechanism would not solve this problem, and would require an almost
identical policy to solve it (i.e., the two destinations would have
to be on the same host).

Furthermore, there might be other uses of the routing header, or of
the new tunneling header, that would require other policies.  The
required policy in the case of Mobile IPv6 is particular to Mobile IPv6,
and so it should be documented within the Mobile IPv6 specification.
Work of a more general nature (say, in another working group) would
have to take into account a great many possible uses which are not
germane to Mobile IPv6.

>    I reckon that the new tunneling method does not resolve any
>    existing security questions.
> 
> => not be itself but the idea is to put the burden in another WG,
> this should have two advantages:
>  - more time to solve the real problem, i.e. how to secure BUs & co.
>  - no danger to get a bad & late feedback as it happens about IPsec.
> 
>    Placing a normative dependency
> 
> => the purpose is not to slow down Mobile IPv6 at all!

I reckon this means that we can go forward with routing header
and home address option, and make future adjustments if it is
indicated by the future work.

I don't expect that any other working group would be as motivated
to complete the necessary work as the mobile-ip group would be.

>    If the new tunneling draft had some magic ability to get to
>    Proposed Standard in the near future.
> 
> => or the discussion about it reveals unsoluble security problems
> and Mobile IPv6 has a real problem, or the discussion shows how
> to not infringe upon security and Mobile IPv6 gets the benefit
> (with current or new mechanisms).

That's a big IF, and I am almost certain this will not be the case.

I think that after some amount of thought it can be seen that the
routing header and Home Address option, compared to various forms of
encapsulation, have pretty much the same essential features, and neither
choice offers any particular security benefits over the other.

> => the purpose is not improvements, it is a discussion of this kind
> of mechanisms in a general context. And this is *necessary* or how
> do you explain that the vast majority of deployed IPv6 implementations
> have both no home address option support and a half-backed security
> policy for source routing on hosts?

The solution for half-baked policies is to fix them after identifying
the problems.  To translate the discussion into a new problem space,
or even in a new working group, is chancy at best and carries with it
the real prospect of arbitrarily long delays.

Source routing is one technique that can be very complicated in general.
As an example, if one uses source routing to specify a routing path
that is generated based on specific security policies, or based on
specific QoS guarantees, then the presumption is that there is a lot
of signaling which has preceded the use of the source route.  This
signaling would be carried out with specific purpose in mind.  For
Mobile IPv6, the specific purpose is very clear.  Both addresses are
specifically presumed to be associated with the same node - viz.,
the mobile node itself.

One technique which is more complicated than source routing, from
the point of view of understanding necessary policy restrictions,
is encapsulation itself.  Making the appropriate policy restrictions
on a generalized encapsulation protocol will be even more difficult than
making the appropriate restrictions on the use of source routing.
This is especially true since the appropriate restriction for Mobile
IPv6 use of source routing is very simple to identify, understand,
and implement.

For these reasons, I believe it is unlikely that we will gain any
advantages in either timeliness or operational simplicity or performance
by waiting for completion of the new tunneling headers.  This is not to
say that the work should not be pursued.  In fact, after learning more
about the new draft, I think it is interesting to compare the new tunneling
work with what was standardized in RFC 2004. But to hold it out as having
promise for resolving some existing security problem is, I think, wishful
thinking.  This is especially true since we have now had the discussion
on what the security problems are, and we can go directly about getting
solutions for them.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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References: <8C92E23A3E87FB479988285F9E22BE460234D7@ftmail>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 12:15:07 -0800
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Matt,

> > > > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a
> > temporary address
> > > > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's
> > > > newly-assigned homeaddr?
> > > >
> > > > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address,
> > the IP source
> > > >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> > > >
> > >
> > > I also question why this is a MUST.  It is entirely
> > possible that the MN's
> > > interface over which it is going to send the RREQ has an IP address
> > > (established via DHCP), while the mobile does not yet have
> > a MIP home
> > > address.  In this case, shouldn't it be able to send the
> > RREQ with the
> > > interface's address as the IP source address, but with a
> > zero home address
> > > in the RREQ??
> >
> > You cannot make this assumption. This works only if we are using
> > co-located care-of address. In case of FA-located care-of
> > address, mobile node has only home address.
>
> I was not making the assumption that this was always the case.  I was
merely
> asking: when this is the case, shouldn't the mobile be able to set the

oh, ok. I thought you were suggesting this as a solution.

> source IP address on its RREQ equal to the interface's address over which
> the RREQ is going out??

that should be ok.

> Currently this is not allowed by the MIP draft, as
> the mobile MUST set the source address of its RREQs to 0.0.0.0 if it has
no
> home address.

I don't know why it has to be like that. I cannot think of any reason.

I think the mobile node should be able to send the registration request
with the care-of address as the source address. After all, the reg. req. can
carry home address in a separate field.

In the case of co-located care-of address and dynamic home address
allocation, how can the mobile node send the registration request with
an unspecified source address (and receive a response)?

I think this is an important problem.


>
> Furthermore, why can't the mobile have a local interface address which is
> different than its home address without using co-located
care-of-addresses??
>

I guess you can do that. It is just that one of the reasons of not
having a co-located care-of address is that mobile might be unable to
get a topological address (no dhcp, no ppp, or not enough IPv4
address). And resort to FA-located care-of address.

If it can get an address, it can use co-located care-of address. But, then
again it doesn't have to.

I agree.

> matt
>
alper




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 15:53:13 2001
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References: <200112060900.fB6901D00327@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
Subject: [mobile-ip] privacy?
Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 12:44:07 -0800
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Folks,

I remember seeing a presentation in the area of location privacy.
Something other than Claude and Francis's draft
draft-castelluccia-mobileip-privacy-00.txt.

Could the author or whoever remembers it, send me
an e-mail? I'd like to get a copy of the draft.

Thanks!

alper



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 07 Dec 2001 09:40:26 PST.
             <3C10FF0A.61A9A018@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 22:18:02 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I think that Vijay has suggested a very simple statement about how
   to eliminate problems with the routing header.

=> I know but the problem remains until its solution is in a standard
document (and applied). My concern is this document is in the scope
of the IPv6 WG, not of the mobile-ip WG, so we are only losing our
time because of the wrong mailing list/working group.

   Furthermore, there might be other uses of the routing header, or of
   the new tunneling header, that would require other policies.  The
   required policy in the case of Mobile IPv6 is particular to Mobile IPv6,
   and so it should be documented within the Mobile IPv6 specification.
   Work of a more general nature (say, in another working group) would
   have to take into account a great many possible uses which are not
   germane to Mobile IPv6.
   
=> I disagree: a Mobile IPv6 node is first an IPv6 node. The security
problem (and its solution) is bound to the routing header and not to
mobility, i.e. mobile IPv6 has shown there is a hole in IPv6 specs
(the need of a policy about routing headers).

   I reckon this means that we can go forward with routing header
   and home address option, and make future adjustments if it is
   indicated by the future work.
   
=> this is the idea: give the burden to someone else.

   I don't expect that any other working group would be as motivated
   to complete the necessary work as the mobile-ip group would be.
   
=> the necessary work is in the IPv6 WG charter and there is no
closed door between the two groups.

   I think that after some amount of thought it can be seen that the
   routing header and Home Address option, compared to various forms of
   encapsulation, have pretty much the same essential features, and neither
   choice offers any particular security benefits over the other.
   
=> I was not clear enough: I agree the features are the same, my idea
is the result for one should apply to the other.

   > => the purpose is not improvements, it is a discussion of this kind
   > of mechanisms in a general context. And this is *necessary* or how
   > do you explain that the vast majority of deployed IPv6 implementations
   > have both no home address option support and a half-backed security
   > policy for source routing on hosts?
   
   The solution for half-baked policies is to fix them after identifying
   the problems.  To translate the discussion into a new problem space,
   or even in a new working group, is chancy at best and carries with it
   the real prospect of arbitrarily long delays.
   
=> it seems we disagree about a fundamental point: in order to get mobile
IPv6 nodes we first need to get IPv6 nodes. The routing header problem
is an IPv6 one so it has to be solved by the IPv6 WG ASAP. I don't want
to have some FUD about routing header just because the problem wasn't
been dealt with in time as it happened for IPv4.

   For these reasons, I believe it is unlikely that we will gain any
   advantages in either timeliness or operational simplicity or performance
   by waiting for completion of the new tunneling headers.  This is not to
   say that the work should not be pursued.  In fact, after learning more
   about the new draft, I think it is interesting to compare the new tunneling
   work with what was standardized in RFC 2004. But to hold it out as having
   promise for resolving some existing security problem is, I think, wishful
   thinking.  This is especially true since we have now had the discussion
   on what the security problems are, and we can go directly about getting
   solutions for them.
   
=> is it an example of wishful thinking (:-)?
BTW I'd like to know how we can get the mandatory support of the Home Address
Option in specs and its support in the real world without the help of the
IPv6 WG...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 13:57:26 -0800 (PST)
From: Sivasundar Ramamurthy <sramam@cup.hp.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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Hello,

> I think the mobile node should be able to send the registration request
> with the care-of address as the source address. After all, the reg. req. can
> carry home address in a separate field.
> 
> In the case of co-located care-of address and dynamic home address
> allocation, how can the mobile node send the registration request with
> an unspecified source address (and receive a response)?
> 

section 3.6.1.1 defines the rules for what address the MN should use
when sending out requests. My interpreation of this section is that
the first rule that applies to the situation must be used. That is, if
the MN has a co-located COA, it must use that as the src of a
registration request, EVEN if it does not have a home address.

The reason I interpret it so is due the issue brought up by Alper, and
these specific words in rule #3:

	"In all other cirsumstance....."

It is clear that rule #3 applies only if rules #1 and #2 do not. But
the question is, does rule #2 apply only if rule #1 does not? I
interepret it so; the MN can use the co-location COA as the src of its
request even when it has no home address....

Following this interpretation, rule #2 is used only if rule #1 does
not apply, thus not involving the "0.0.0.0 src address" issue in the
case of MN with co-located COA!

Is my interpretation too imaginative? :-)

If it is, then the problem described by Alper is serious. If the MN
sends a request (co-located COA and address allocation) to the HA with
0.0.0.0 as src address, the chances of getting the reply back to the
MN seem bleak. (could it be null??)

Anyway, even if my interpreation holds, the "0.0.0.0 src address"
issue still lives as in the case when the MN does not use a co-located
COA and does not have a home address....(rule #2).


thanks!

Siva





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From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Francis Dupont wrote:
> 
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    I think that Vijay has suggested a very simple statement about how
>    to eliminate problems with the routing header.
> 
> => I know but the problem remains until its solution is in a standard
> document (and applied). My concern is this document is in the scope
> of the IPv6 WG, not of the mobile-ip WG, so we are only losing our
> time because of the wrong mailing list/working group.

My point in the text following this statement was as follows.
The _reason_ for establishing the intermediate points to be used
in a routing header varies according to the "application".
Thus, the way in which the recipient has to check for validity
varies according to the "application".  While Mobile IPv6 is not
an application in the usual sense of the word, it is a protocol
which makes use of a routing header for a specific purpose.  This is
not a general purpose signaling for general purpose use of the
routing header.  It is specific to Mobile IPv6, and therefore
the rules by which the routing header processing has to be checked
have to be specific within the Mobile IPv6 document.

>    Furthermore, there might be other uses of the routing header, or of
>    the new tunneling header, that would require other policies.  The
>    required policy in the case of Mobile IPv6 is particular to Mobile IPv6,
>    and so it should be documented within the Mobile IPv6 specification.
>    Work of a more general nature (say, in another working group) would
>    have to take into account a great many possible uses which are not
>    germane to Mobile IPv6.
> 
> => I disagree: a Mobile IPv6 node is first an IPv6 node.

Yes, but this statement is not relevant to the purpose at hand.

>                                                         The security
> problem (and its solution) is bound to the routing header and not to
> mobility, i.e. mobile IPv6 has shown there is a hole in IPv6 specs
> (the need of a policy about routing headers).

Use of the terminology "security problem" is not very good here.
The problem is that we have to be sure that a node which is supposed
to accept a routing header for the purposes of mobility doesn't
accept routing headers that have deleterious effects unrelated to
Mobile IPv6.  So, yes it's a "security problem", but more specifically
it shows the need to refuse to carry out unauthorized routing operations.

> => it seems we disagree about a fundamental point: in order to get mobile
> IPv6 nodes we first need to get IPv6 nodes. The routing header problem
> is an IPv6 one so it has to be solved by the IPv6 WG ASAP. I don't want
> to have some FUD about routing header just because the problem wasn't
> been dealt with in time as it happened for IPv4.

I think that I have explained the reason for my disagrement on this
point in a way that might be clearer this time.  To try another
restatement:
  Use of routing header probably has to be enabled for specific purposes.
  I think it is extremely unlikely that the IPng working group can
  establish a comprehensive list of all future purposes for which
  the routing header may be applicable.  I think that each new purpose
  might require different rules for preventing unwarranted intrusions
  for unauthorized routing.

  Thus, it's appropriate for the Mobile IPv6 group to establish the rules.

Furthermore, these statements would have to be even more strongly if
applied to the otherwise functionally identical scenarios appropriate
for generalized encapsulation techniques.

>    For these reasons, I believe it is unlikely that we will gain any
>    advantages in either timeliness or operational simplicity or performance
>    by waiting for completion of the new tunneling headers.  This is not to
>    say that the work should not be pursued.  In fact, after learning more
>    about the new draft, I think it is interesting to compare the new tunneling
>    work with what was standardized in RFC 2004. But to hold it out as having
>    promise for resolving some existing security problem is, I think, wishful
>    thinking.  This is especially true since we have now had the discussion
>    on what the security problems are, and we can go directly about getting
>    solutions for them.
> 
> => is it an example of wishful thinking (:-)?

Am I allowed to distinguish between wishful thinking, and my bit of
optimism which comes from reading oh-so-many e-mails and drafts on the
subject over the last few months?

> BTW I'd like to know how we can get the mandatory support of the Home Address
> Option in specs and its support in the real world without the help of the
> IPv6 WG...

If we resolve the remaining questions surrounding the Home Address
Option, and if the document passes IETF Last Call, then I think that
by process we will get support in the real world.

But that is a big subject, and appropriate to another e-mail in
the near future.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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Subject:  Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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>                                                     ..... If the MN
> sends a request (co-located COA and address allocation) to the HA with
> 0.0.0.0 as src address, the chances of getting the reply back to the
> MN seem bleak. (could it be null??)

Right.  A co-located COA MN _must_ not send a registration request with a 
0.0.0.0 source address.  There is no way to get a reply back even if the 
registration request itself made it to the HA.

Joe


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft
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>
> However , it seems  that MIP is forwarded as the solution in a
situation
> where a MN roams from  a 802.11 AP to another 802.11 AP situated in
another
> L2 network (e.g. there is no L2 connectivity between the AP's).

IAPP works cross subnet, if that is what you meant by "no L2
connectivity between AP's".

>Or the MN
> might roam into a 3GPPx network. In both of these situations, only the
MN
> would be able tell that it has roamed out of this AP and roamed into
that
> AP.

I don't quite understand your point here. If the MN is capable of
handling 802.11 and 3GPP traffic,
then it will have two interfaces. The interfaces will have their own
respective L2 triggers as
will the access points in the network.

> Furthermore context parameters would have to be generic enough to
handle
> very
> different types of networks. If the trigger is network initiated then
the
> FA's
> in two potentially autonomous networks would have to exchange
contexts,
> which
> might take longer than going through HA's.
>

I don't believe the intent is to propose L2 triggers for intertechnology
handover. The triggers are proposed for
handover between access points of the same technology.

            jak



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 16:18:06 -0600
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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
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Cc: <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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> > 2   MIPv6 Security Discussion                     75 Mins
> > 
> >     a. Securing MIPv6 Binding Updates
> > 
> >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
> 
> I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
> vs Tunnelling" because Pekka has suggested a solution for
> the routing header problem in his
> draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01.txt

Actually the updated agenda that I submitted to the IETF before the
deadline
read this item as :
......
    b. Security requirements for Home Address Option and Routing Header
......

Did not really intend to compare tunnelling schemes.

-Basavaraj


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft
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It is draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-04.txt. Should be there.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Shahrier, Sharif M." <Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Friday, December 07, 2001 8:08 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft


> Is this draft available in the I-D directory? If so, what is the exact
> title?
>  If its still work in progress, could you please send it to me
directly?
> Thanks.
>
> Sharif.
>
>  -----Original Message-----
> From: Subrata Goswami [mailto:sgoswami@umich.edu]
> Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 9:49 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] question on  L2 triggers draft
>
> The ref [7](802.11 IAPP ) in the draft  handles all the roaming
> issues in a L2 connected 802.11 environment.  Here roaming is
transparent
> to IP, IAPP takes care (or would take care) of that.
>
> However , it seems  that MIP is forwarded as the solution in a
situation
> where a MN roams from  a 802.11 AP to another 802.11 AP situated in
another
> L2 network (e.g. there is no L2 connectivity between the AP's). Or the
MN
> might roam into a 3GPPx network. In both of these situations, only the
MN
> would be able tell that it has roamed out of this AP and roamed into
that
> AP.
> Furthermore context parameters would have to be generic enough to
handle
> very
> different types of networks. If the trigger is network initiated then
the
> FA's
> in two potentially autonomous networks would have to exchange
contexts,
> which
> might take longer than going through HA's.
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> [mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Nakhjiri
> Madjid-MNAKHJI1
> Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2001 12:57 PM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft
>
>
> Hi james (C/o Alper :) )
>
> Ok, Understand. That sounds reasonable.
>
> Thanks,
> Madjid
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 11:41 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft
>
>
> Hi Madjid,
>
>
> This is James Kempf, Alper is lending me his machine.
>
> I think I wrote that. What I had in mind was the following situation.
> Suppose I've got a subnet with 802.11 and Bluetooth access points.
Having a
> way that the access points could report movement to the access router
would
> faciliatate intra-subnet movement, for example, ARP cache flushing.
>
>                     jak
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Nakhjiri Madjid-MNAKHJI1" <Madjid.Nakhjiri@motorola.com>
> To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 2:08 PM
> Subject: [mobile-ip] question on L2 triggers draft
>
>
> > Alper,
> >
> > Nice informative draft. I have one question on the L2 handover
section
> (4.1)
> > You say
> >
> > "When APs supporting multiple radio technologies on a single subnet,
> > interoperability suffers if there is no L2-independent way of
reporting
> > on link movement."
> >
> > Would you care to elaborate?
> > Say a WLAN AP-cellular AP case, do you mean the movement has to be
> reported
> > at L3 even if the two APs belong to the same subnet?
> >
> > Regards,
> > Madjid
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > Sent: Sunday, December 02, 2001 2:14 AM
> > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
> >
> >
> > Folks,
> >
> > New version of L2 triggers draft is available:
> >
> >
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-01.txt
> >
> > Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility -
> > Requirements for Underlying Systems
> >
> >    Abstract
> >
> >    A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility
> >    protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a
> >    Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the
new
> >    radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in
> >    routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on
the
> >    part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet
> >    occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to
> >    inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability.
In
> >    either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties
> >    involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize
handover
> >    at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2
> >    handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.
> >
> >
> > Enjoy.
> >
> > alper
> >
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 17:21:59 2001
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] draft-montenegro-mipv6-seceval-00.txt
Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 16:20:08 -0600
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From: "Le Franck (NRC/Dallas)" <Franck.Le@nokia.com>
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Hello,

We made some suggestions to improve the mechanism described in the
initial "Dynamic Diffie Hellman based Key Distribution for Mobile IPv6"
Internet-draft some days ago, and here is a more detailed description of
the proposed enhancements.

Unfortunately we could not meet the IETF cut off deadline but here is a
link to the document:
http://people.nokia.net/~patil/Internet_Drafts/draft-le-mobileip-dh-01.t
xt

Thank you very much,

Franck 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec  7 17:32:15 2001
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Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 14:30:14 -0800
From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Binding Update <--> bu3way
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Hello Erik,

As I understand it, one of Jeff Schiller's main objections to the
Mobile IPv6 specification for handling Binding Updates could be
expressed as follows:

   Even if the specification _mandates_ that Binding Updates must
   be authenticated, some vendors or operators will configure
   systems that ignore mandated protocol behavior unless we
   devise some method that makes it easy to do the right thing.

I think that some people (e.g., me) interpreted this to mean that a
lightweight key distribution protocol was required before Mobile IPv6
could become Proposed Standard.  However, I now understand that this
wasn't the intent.  Maybe we can satisfy the requirement by using
your recently proposed BU3WAY draft to enable processing for Binding
Updates whenever a suitable security association is not available.

This would work as follows:

- If the mobile node has a security assocation with the
  correspondent node, it sends an authenticated Binding Update
- Otherwise, if a key establishment protocol exists, the mobile
  node initiates key establishment
- Otherwise, the mobile node carries out the BU3WAY operations

When we get a good key distribution protocol, and I reckon we have
several viable candidates, then BU3WAY would likely be required less
often, as mobile endpoints have better tools for establishing the
required security associations for authenticated Binding Updates.

If this seems like a reasonable plan, then I would like to also
suggest that the BU3WAY message formats be changed so that the
authorization cookie information be located into suboptions so that
the format can remain compatible with existing Binding Updates.
It would be possible for the Binding Update format to remain the
same even if the authorization happened one way or the other
depending on suboptions.

The downside is that now the correspondent node would have to
implement more protocol.  I hope it's not too much additional
stuff.


Regards,
Charlie P.

PS. I hope this hasn't all been said before in previous messages.
    I am still in the process of catching up with things.


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Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 16:41:28 -0800 (PST)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, marc@mentat.com
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Hi Marc,
> 
>  > 
>  > Note that it is also possible that FA may find that the registration 
>  > request from  src-addr=0.0.0.0 and home-addr=0.0.0.0 is poorly-formatted
>  > or some other problem, how does it reply back with error then ? ( Due to
>  > the restriction in RFC1122 )
>  > Should it drop the packet or send it to multicast addr ?
> 
> OK, good point there and perhaps I wasn't fully awake to think about
> the error cases.  DHCP presumably responds with a broadcast "nak" and
> lets the proper client figure it out based on the ids in the message.
> The same could be done with the MN but this doesn't seem as "clean" to
> me.  If it was important to avoid the apparent 1122 restriction then
> thats what I would recommend but I think I'd agree that for
> implementation simplicity the 0.0.0.0 handling is cleaner.

IMHO, we need to stick to rfc1122 restriction--as it should not change for
mobileip draft.  Sending the reply to multicast or broadcast (when src-addr
is zero ) is reasonable.

> 
> How are apparent conflicts with 1122 handled?  Just highlighted in 2002bis
> since these are *mobile* host requirements, not plain hosts?
> 


This restriction in rfc1122 should be vaild in any kind of internet network.

>  > 
>  > I wonder, why rfc2002-bis has a MUST in 3.6.1.1, could it be MAY ?
>  > 
>  > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a temporary address
>  > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's newly-assigned homeaddr? 
>  > 
>  > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP source
>  >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> 
> Yep, I found this confusing too.  I *think* the first MUST "overrides"
> this second one when you have a co-located COA but I agree this should
> be clarified.
> 
>

From the discussion in the working group alias, it seems that folks agree
that MUST can be changed and the MN can use it's temporary ip-addr as
the source addr of the regReq while it requests for dynamic home-addr
assignment. Now we have to reach a consensus on sending replies to dst addr
(broadcast or multicast) when in fact the ip src-addr of the request is
zero. Thanks for your reply.

-Samita



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Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 19:16:03 -0600
From: Peter Lei <peter.lei@ieee.org>
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trying again... seems my first one went to /dev/null...

"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
> 
> Matt,
> 
> > > > > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a
> > > temporary address
> > > > > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's
> > > > > newly-assigned homeaddr?
> > > > >
> > > > > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address,
> > > the IP source
> > > > >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > > I also question why this is a MUST.  It is entirely
> > > possible that the MN's
> > > > interface over which it is going to send the RREQ has an IP address
> > > > (established via DHCP), while the mobile does not yet have
> > > a MIP home
> > > > address.  In this case, shouldn't it be able to send the
> > > RREQ with the
> > > > interface's address as the IP source address, but with a
> > > zero home address
> > > > in the RREQ??
> > >
> > > You cannot make this assumption. This works only if we are using
> > > co-located care-of address. In case of FA-located care-of
> > > address, mobile node has only home address.
> >
> > I was not making the assumption that this was always the case.  I was
> merely
> > asking: when this is the case, shouldn't the mobile be able to set the
> 
> oh, ok. I thought you were suggesting this as a solution.
> 
> > source IP address on its RREQ equal to the interface's address over which
> > the RREQ is going out??
> 
> that should be ok.
> 
> > Currently this is not allowed by the MIP draft, as
> > the mobile MUST set the source address of its RREQs to 0.0.0.0 if it has
> no
> > home address.
> 
> I don't know why it has to be like that. I cannot think of any reason.
> 
> I think the mobile node should be able to send the registration request
> with the care-of address as the source address. After all, the reg. req. can
> carry home address in a separate field.
> 
> In the case of co-located care-of address and dynamic home address
> allocation, how can the mobile node send the registration request with
> an unspecified source address (and receive a response)?
> 
> I think this is an important problem.

So, wouldn't this solve this issue in 3.6.1.1 in 2002bis-08 (Note, this
merely "moves" the added requirement in -08):

    -  When registering on a foreign network with a co-located care-of
       address, the IP source address MUST be the care-of address.

    -  In all other circumstances, the IP source address MUST be the
       mobile node's home address.  If the mobile node does not have a
       home address, the IP source address MUST be 0.0.0.0.

Was this not the original intent of adding the 0.0.0.0 "homeless" text
in the first place; i.e. clarifying behavior for the homeless MN
registering through a FA, yet still allowing the homeless MN using
a colocated COA.

--peter

[rest snipped]


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From: "MC2R" <robink@acm.org>
To: "mobileip" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Call for Papers: Mobile Computing and Communications Review (MC2R) 
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 17:25:58 -0600
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      Call for Papers
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   Mobile Computing and Communications Review (MC2R)  
       The official publication of ACM SIGMOBILE

PUBLICATION PURPOSE 
-------------------- 

The  explosive growth  of  wide-area cellular  systems and  local-area
wireless networks  and the emergence  of home area radio  networks and
personal area  body networks are  just the beginning of  "the wireless
revolution".   The  ultimate  goal  - uncompromised  connectivity  and
performance for mobile  computing devices - requires that  we meet the
challenge of  creating fully integrated,  seamless, fault-tolerant and
heterogeneous   networks  composed   of   fully  distributed,   energy
efficient,  and ubiquitous mobile  computing platforms.   Making truly
tetherless  computing  possible demands  that  we carefully  evaluate,
enhance and  perhaps re-design our networks,  systems, algorithms, and
applications. 

This  publication  serves to  enhance  the  ability  of ACM  SIGMOBILE
members to  keep up-to-date in this  rapidly moving field,  as well as
serve as a  major focal point for the discussion  of new directions of
portable  computation and mobile  networks for  both the  research and
market-driven communities.


PAPERS
------
Technical   papers   describing   previously  unpublished,   original,
completed  research,  and  not   currently  under  review  by  another
conference or  journal are solicited on  topics related to mobile or
wireless research, systems, or practice.  Topics of interest include,
but are not limited to: 

* Applications and computing services supporting the mobile user
* Network architectures, protocols or service algorithms 
* Performance characterization of mobile/wireless networks
* Network management for mobile and wireless networks
* Data management and databases for mobile environments
* Service integration and interworking of wired and wireless
  networks
* Interaction between different layers of mobile or wireless systems.
* Security, scalability and reliability issues 
* Nomadic computing
* Wearable computing and networking
* Satellite communications
* Quality of Service and Integrated Services in Mobile or Wireless 
  Networks 
* Mobile Internetworking
* Intelligent network signaling
* Mobile VoIP
* Mobile ad hoc and sensor networks
* Power management and control algorithms
* User interfaces and systems design
* Theory/algorithms



How to submit
-------------
Paper submission will be  handled electronically.  After following the
detailed   submission   instructions    from   the   MC2R   web   page
(http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/MC2R), authors should email a PDF or
PostScript version of their full paper to: editors_sigmobile@acm.org.

Information on SIGMOBILE, including how to join, is available from:
http://www.acm.org/sigmobile


IMPORTANT DATES
----
Authors are  free to submit manuscripts  at any time  for inclusion in
the next review cycle.



EDITOR IN CHIEF
----
Jason Redi, BBN Technologies, U.S.A.      
            (redi@bbn.com)


ASSOCIATE EDITORS
----
Anthony Joseph, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A.
               (adj@cs.berkeley.edu)
Robin Kravets, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, U.S.A.
               (rhk@cs.uiuc.edu)


FOR MORE INFORMATION
----
Please visit the MC2R web site at http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/MC2R. 
For specific questions, feel free to contact the editors of MC2R at
editors_sigmobile@acm.org 





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Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 14:54:35 -0600
From: Peter Lei <peterlei@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 0.0.0.0 src address
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"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
> 
> Matt,
> 
> > > > > For example, what if any MN configures itself with a
> > > temporary address
> > > > > to send the reg-req with home-addr=0, to get it's
> > > > > newly-assigned homeaddr?
> > > > >
> > > > > >    -  If the mobile node does not have a home address,
> > > the IP source
> > > > >        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > > I also question why this is a MUST.  It is entirely
> > > possible that the MN's
> > > > interface over which it is going to send the RREQ has an IP address
> > > > (established via DHCP), while the mobile does not yet have
> > > a MIP home
> > > > address.  In this case, shouldn't it be able to send the
> > > RREQ with the
> > > > interface's address as the IP source address, but with a
> > > zero home address
> > > > in the RREQ??
> > >
> > > You cannot make this assumption. This works only if we are using
> > > co-located care-of address. In case of FA-located care-of
> > > address, mobile node has only home address.
> >
> > I was not making the assumption that this was always the case.  I was
> merely
> > asking: when this is the case, shouldn't the mobile be able to set the
> 
> oh, ok. I thought you were suggesting this as a solution.
> 
> > source IP address on its RREQ equal to the interface's address over which
> > the RREQ is going out??
> 
> that should be ok.
> 
> > Currently this is not allowed by the MIP draft, as
> > the mobile MUST set the source address of its RREQs to 0.0.0.0 if it has
> no
> > home address.
> 
> I don't know why it has to be like that. I cannot think of any reason.
> 
> I think the mobile node should be able to send the registration request
> with the care-of address as the source address. After all, the reg. req. can
> carry home address in a separate field.
> 
> In the case of co-located care-of address and dynamic home address
> allocation, how can the mobile node send the registration request with
> an unspecified source address (and receive a response)?
> 
> I think this is an important problem.

So, wouldn't this solve this issue in 3.6.1.1 in 2002bis-08 (Note, this
merely "moves" the added requirement in -08):

    -  When registering on a foreign network with a co-located care-of
       address, the IP source address MUST be the care-of address.

    -  In all other circumstances, the IP source address MUST be the
       mobile node's home address.  If the mobile node does not have a
       home address, the IP source address MUST be 0.0.0.0.

Was this not the original intent of adding the 0.0.0.0 "homeless" text
in the first place; i.e. clarifying behavior for the homeless MN
registering through a FA, yet still allowing the homeless MN using
a colocated COA.

--peter

[rest snipped]



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's
To: vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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From: "Krishna Kumar" <kumarkr@us.ibm.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 18:33:07 -0800
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Hi Vijay & Francis,

I didn't state the complete problem (though Francis did correctly guess
what I meant), so let me add a few lines to describe that. When the MN goes
to a FN, another node (which already had it's address autoconfigured,
thereby having it's own link local address) configured the MN's home
address manually, unintentionally or maliciously. When the HA does DAD on
the link local address, the new node does not respond to the NS, since it
has a different link local address. Now there will be a conflict for
packets destined to either the MN or the new node. Isn't it needed to do
DAD in this case for every address ?

My problem is only with manual configuration , I agree that
autoconfiguration doesn't create this problem at all.

Also, the 'S' bit doesn't solve the problem, it is not defending all the
addresses, the 'S' bit is used for tunnelling packets with any of the many
home addresses values based on the prefixes supported, instead of just the
home address.

> this is based on the common policy where DAD is only performed on
link-local addresses *and* no address uses a different interface ID.

If this restriction is enforced, this problem does not exist. But that is
exactly what I am trying to find out. If a node can configure an address
with a different interface identifier, then DAD should be done on all
addresses values.

Please let me know if this is wrong in any way.

Thanks,

- KK



                                                                                                                                 
                    Vijay Devarapalli                                                                                            
                    <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>         To:     mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com                                        
                    Sent by:                        cc:                                                                          
                    owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.e       Subject:     Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's             
                    ng.sun.com                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                 
                    12/06/2001 05:20 PM                                                                                          
                    Please respond to                                                                                            
                    mobile-ip                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                 



Hi KK,

I think this comes from RFC 2462 which says if you have stateless
address configuration, its enough if you do duplicate address
detection on just the link local address. the other addresses are
a MAY.

heres the relevant text from RFC 2462, section 5.4

---------------

      - Each individual unicast address SHOULD be tested for uniqueness.
        However, when stateless address autoconfiguration is used,
        address uniqueness is determined solely by the interface
        identifier, assuming that subnet prefixes are assigned correctly
        (i.e., if all of an interface's addresses are generated from the
        same identifier, either all addresses or none of them will be
        duplicates). Thus, for a set of addresses formed from the same
        interface identifier, it is sufficient to check that the link-
        local address generated from the identifier is unique on the
        link. In such cases, the link-local address MUST be tested for
        uniqueness, and if no duplicate address is detected, an
        implementation MAY choose to skip Duplicate Address Detection
        for additional addresses derived from the same interface
        identifier.

---------------

And I guess the intention was that Mobile IPv6 did not want to
specify anything in addition to what is there in RFC 2462.

and regarding more than prefix on the home link there is
something specified in draft 15 for that. if the 'S' bit in the
BU is set, the Home Agent defends just the home address
specified in the home address option. if the 'S' bit is not set,
the home agent forms a home address from each prefix on the home
link and defends all of them. and even in this case, by RFC 2462,
its enough if you do DAD from just the link local address if
stateless address configuration is being used.

one more thing, in your example below node 'X' MUST configure a
link local address. it cant configure a site local address alone
and not configure a link local address. it is there in some RFC,
I forgot which.

regards
Vijay


Krishna Kumar wrote:
>
> Hi Charlie,
>
> I feel there is a small problem in the Draft 15 regarding the address
used
> for performing DAD.
>
> 1. Page 67 for BU processing says that DAD should be performed on the
Link
> Local Address.
> 2. Pg 94 says that : If some time elapses during which the mobile node
has
> no binding at the home agent, it might be possible for another node to
> autoconfigure the mobile node's home address.
>
> A new node 'X' can configure it's address either through
autoconfiguration
> (in which case #1 is sufficient), or by manual means. Since the address
can
> be configured manually, I feel the specification should be changed to
state
> that  DAD should be performed on the Link Local address and all Home
> Addresses (if Prefix Length is > 0) based on different prefixes supported
> by the Home Agent.
>
> The reason is that the MN might configure a site local address as it's
home
> address and move to a foreign network. Before HA gets the BU, another
node
> 'X' manually configures it's address to the site local address used by
the
> MN, and it succeeds. When HA gets the BU, it does a Neighbor Solicitation
> on the Link Local Address, and since X has not configured that link local
> address, it doesn't respond to the NS. Now packets meant for 'X' get
> wrongly tunneled to the MN. The node X doesn't even need to take the same
> site local address for this to fail, it can configure any other address
> based on the prefixes supported and the interface identifier. In this
case,
> after the BU succeeds, any packets meant for this different address will
> still be tunnelled wrongly by the HA to the MN since Prefix Length was
> greater than zero. Hence I feel HA must perform DAD on all addresses (can
> be done parallely and probably take almost the same time as it would take
> for one DAD) if Prefix Length > 0.
>
> Secondly, is it a good idea for Mobility to change the value of
> RetransTimer to a smaller value like 0.5 seconds or smaller ? This means
> faster handoff for the MN.  Otherwise the MN has to wait for
> 1.5*(RetransTimer*DupAddrDetectTransmits) = atleast 1.5 seconds before
the
> MN gets a response, and before it is allowed to send BU's to CN's.
Reducing
> this time ensures faster movement mechanism for the MN.
>
> Thanks,
>
> - KK






From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec  8 03:13:01 2001
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From: Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Interoperability for the Auth Suboption
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Hi Folks

We will give small notes for our implementations. It might not be so
valuable because the implementation is getting older. We are now
catching up the newer draft-15 (Not finished yet), but it seems not to
be so hard to implement the Authentication Sub Option as Vijay said in
his former mail about "Interoperability for the Auth Suboption".

Our current implementation is based on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-13.txt
and has MN, CN and HA on FreeBSD KAME stack. Our implementation is
different from KAME-MIP6 implementation, we still keep working for our
original MIP6 implementation with original extensions at InternetCAR
project (http://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/InternetCAR).

We tested MIP6 interoperability with many other implementations at
connectathon 2001.

Our BASE MIP6 features.
- Support multiple network interfaces for single home address, simultaneously. 
- Switching network interfaces (i.e. CoAs) depending on network environments and user's priority.
- IPsec (AH) Support 
- SA selectors
	As I posted mails to MIP6 ML before, SA selector was extended to
	handle the MIP6 SA for BU and BA. AHs insertion never
	becomes bottleneck when MIP6 piggy-back BU, because SFC-MIP6
	put AH only for the data with piggybacked BU and never put AH
	for the rest of data (without BU). Current implementation uses
	static SA (not running IKE).

Since we are implementing our original features into MIP6 and testing
the updated MIP6 now, we will announce and release newer MIP6 before long.
We are planning to participate in next connectathon2002 for newer MIP6
implementation (draft-15 base).

Please check the our MIP6 HP at http://neo.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~mip6/index.html
Unfortunately we can not go the next IETF, 
please contact us by mail (mip6@sfc.wide.ad.jp).

regards,
ryuji

At Wed, 28 Nov 2001 19:30:03 -0800,
Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> Hello,
> 
> At the ETSI IPv6 plugtest at Cannes last week, we managed to 
> achieve interoperability for the Authentication Sub Option.
> There were two independent implentations (one from HUT) and
> one from us (Nokia Research, Mt. View). There were also
> conformance tests from Ericsson Research, Hungary to test
> the Authentication Sub Option. The tests were successful.
> We used static security associations for the tests.
> 
> IMHO, It is very easy to implement. Compared to this AH
> checksum calculation is a mess.
> 
> The auth checksum was calculated over the following fields 
> (as specifed in draft 15).
> 
> For the Binding Update
> 
>     -  The IPv6 address of the destination of the packet, as seen by the
>        recipient
>     -  Care-of Address, in the Source IP Address of the IPv6 header
>     -  The Home Address of the mobile node, from the Home Address
>        destination option
>     -  Option Type of the Binding Update destination option
>     -  Option Length of the Binding Update destination option
>     -  All flags of the Binding Update destination option
>     -  Reserved Field of the Binding Update destination option
>     -  Sequence Number Field of the Binding Update
>     -  Lifetime of the Binding Update destination option
>     -  The entire data from all Binding Update Sub-Options (except the
>        Authentication Data suboption), if any others exist
>     -  The Type (i.e., the 8-bit value 0x04) and the Length of the
>        Authentication Data Sub-Option
>     -  Security Parameters Index (SPI) of the Authentication Data
>        Sub-Option
> 
> 
> For the Binding Acknowledgement
> 
>     -  The IPv6 address of the destination of the packet, as seen by the
>        recipient
>     -  The Home Address of the sender
>     -  Option Type of the Binding Acknowledgement destination option
>     -  Option Length of the Binding Acknowledgement
>     -  Status of the Binding Acknowledgement
>     -  Sequence Number field of the Binding Acknowledgement
>     -  Lifetime field of the Binding Acknowledgement destination option
>     -  Refresh field of the Binding Acknowledgement destination option
>     -  The entire data from all Binding Acknowledgement Sub-Options
>        (except the Authentication Data suboption), if any others exist
>     -  The Type (i.e., the 8-bit value 0x04) and the Length of the
>        Authentication Data Sub-Option
>     -  Security Parameters Index (SPI) of the Authentication Data
>        Sub-Option
> 
> 
> regards
> Vijay


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec  8 18:50:24 2001
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Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 00:46:10 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: Glenn Morrow <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Glenn,

> That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses in each packet at
> all since per-address authorization state must be kept on the tunnel
> endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?

Are you suggesting sending packets with just two IP addresses and having the
endpoint replace the source IP and destination IP based on what it has in
the binding cache entry?

I think such an approach has some robustness problems.
 - What happens if the MN moves away and other MN appears and acquires the same
   CoA? If there is a stale binding cache entry  for the CoA->old HoA
   in some CN there will be TCP checksum failures should the new MN/HoA try to
   communicate with it since it will use the old CoA->HoA mapping.
 - What if a MN wants to have one session (e.g. TCP or VoIP) 
   with a CN using route optimization and another session  (e.g. DNS udp
lookup)
   not using route optimization. That CN would not be able to tell whether
   to apply the address replacement - the source address would be the CoA
   in both cases.

And I can't even imagine what the security issues would be in such a case.
So I think having all packets contain all the necessary IP addresses makes
sense.

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec  8 18:50:39 2001
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Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 00:46:49 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional comments on  draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-00.txt
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> Hello Jari,
> 
> Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> > Erik, thanks for your comments. I have some answers below:
> > 
> > > Section 6.4 talks about having a configuration knob to allow
> > > unsecure BUs. I think this is a big mistake. Instead the WG should
> > > develop some BU solution that can give some security comparable to
> > > today's IPv4 security.
> > 
> > I agree! I have recently come to the conclusion myself that
> > we should not allow unsecure RO at all, and as a minimum should
> > require one of the weak auth protocols.
> 
> I was really surprised to read this.  Unsecure route optimization has
> _never_ been allowable in the Mobile IP working group, neither for
> IPv4 or for IPv6.  When has there been discussion otherwise?
> 
> Or am I misinterpreting something?

Charlie, you apparently didn't read the subject line of the message.
This discuss thread is about the text in draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-00.txt.

   Erik






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Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 00:47:45 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
To: mroe@microsoft.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Section 7.3 of <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01> says
   The BAKE/2 and CAM-DH protocols described in this memo verify that
   that packets sent to a mobile node's claimed care-of address reach an
   entity that is willing to participate in the protocol.  If this check
   was not performed, a malicious mobile node could perform a denial of
   service attack by asking a correspondent node to send it a high
   volume stream of data, and then sending the correspondent a binding
   update that redirects the stream of data to the victim of the denial
   of service attack.  


But there seems to be a tradeoffs between this type of protection and
"3rd party reflection".
By this term I mean X sending a packet to A (with X as the source address)
which tells A to send packets to B.
("Normal reflection" is based on spoofing the source address to cause
reply packets to go back to the wrong place.)

BTW: bu3way has problem as well - the BUR sent from the CoA causes a BUC
to be sent to the Home Address.

If sending a packet from a CoA (or HoA) to the CN causes packets to be
sent to the address that was not in the source field, then this is
"3rd party reflection".

Such protocol mechanisms can be used to cause DoS attacks against low bandwidth
nodes as well.

For instance, assume X and A have 100 Mbps bandwidth between then and B
only has 100 kbps bandwidth.

Then X can send 100 Mbps of BU related packets (the first packet in
an exchange) to A. For DoS reasons A can't create state associated with
that first packet. If A sends the "response" packet to an IP address
other than the source address of the "request" then B might see on the order
of 100 MBps of packets coming towards it.

And ingress filtering can't prevent this, ITRACE can't trace it back from B,
etc.

So I think the conservative thing to do if there is a need to check with the
CoA as well as the HoA during BUs is to send more packets.
For instance, the MN could send packet1 both with CoA as the source
(causing a "response" to be sent to the CoA) and with HoA as the source
(reverse-tunneled through the HA).
Then when the has the information from both "responses" it can do the
actual BU.

But it still isn't obvious to me that preventing packet flooding
attacks against a unwilling CoA is a requirement. Seems like there are other
means to flood a low-bandwidth node.

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec  8 18:53:48 2001
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Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 00:50:26 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Avoiding negotiate down hazards for BU
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Section 6.2 of draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-00.txt
talks about the difficulty of allowing multiple methods for
securing BUs with different strength - that an attacker could always force
the use of the weakest method unless the negotiation of method
is done at the highest security. This is true in general.

However, if it turns out that the WG would like to pursue both a
method relying on just return routability and another method (like CAM/SUCV)
relying on a hash of a public key in the Interface ID part of the address,
then I think we can do better if there is a need.

The idea is to carve out half of the local INterface ID space (currently used
by RFC 3041 and other addresses) to mean "only accept BUs for this address
using the stronger method", with the weaker method (unless overridden by
local policy on the CN) is acceptable for all other Interface IDs. 
If course, this would mean revising at least RFC 3041.
But it might be an option if there is WG interest to pursue both classes of
methods.

  Erik




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Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 00:45:39 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> >     b. Home Address Option/Routing Header vs Tunnelling
> 
> I think we should modify 'b' to say " Home Address Option
> vs Tunnelling" because Pekka has suggested a solution for
> the routing header problem in his
> draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01.txt

The intent of the presenters was actually to use Pekka Savola's draft
to talk about the security requirements for HAOpt and routing headers,
and not go into a discussion about whether the tunneling packet formats
are better or worse than the HAOpt and RH packet formats.

If the WG can come to closure on the requirements then we have one less
thing to worry about.

> Every host should follow these rules
> 
> Routing header MUST be processed if
> 	1. segleft is 1
> 	2. destination address and intermediate address both
> 	   belong to the same interface of the host that
> 	   received the packet.
> Routing header MUST not be processed if
> 	1. the address to be swapped does not belong to
> 	   the same interface as the destination address
> 	   on the IPv6 header.
> 
> if a IPv6 host follows the above rules, is there still a
> security problem? if not, I suggest we drop the issue of
> router header Vs tunneling and use routing header with the
> above two rules.

As I just sent to the ipv6 list, I think the overloading of routing headers
make it harder for firewalls to differentiate between MIPv6 use of
routing headers as opposed to other routing headers (those where the different
hops are for different nodes). This was pointed out in Pekka's draft if
I remember correctly.

I don't know how important this concern is.
What does the WG think about that concern?

  Erik



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From: "Henrik Levkowetz" <henrik@ipunplugged.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA
Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 01:40:49 +0100
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On going over RFC 3012 and the 3012bis draft, I'm getting puzzled by
this:

There is provisions for challenges to the MN from the FA, trough the
MIP Agent Advertisment Challenge Extension(section 2), and there is
provisions for challenges from all entities except the HA and FA
trough the Generalized Mobile IP Authentication Extension (section 5).

But this leaves the HA hanging in the middle - there's no specific
challenge extension for a HA to use, and the Generalized Mobile IP 
Authentication Extension is not defined for an HA to use.

How Come?

		Henrik

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Henrik Levkowetz +46708321608 henrik@ipunplugged.com www.ipunplugged.com
------------------------------------------------------------------------



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Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 03:10:40 +0200
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, mroe@microsoft.com, tuomaura@microsoft.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Erik Nordmark wrote:


> By this term I mean X sending a packet to A (with X as the source address)
> which tells A to send packets to B.
> ("Normal reflection" is based on spoofing the source address to cause
> reply packets to go back to the wrong place.)
> 
> BTW: bu3way has problem as well - the BUR sent from the CoA causes a BUC
> to be sent to the Home Address.
> 
> If sending a packet from a CoA (or HoA) to the CN causes packets to be
> sent to the address that was not in the source field, then this is
> "3rd party reflection".


Ah, I see. So the problem in BAKE/2 and CAM-DH is more the message to the
Home Address, than the CoA routability test.

Interestingly, the problem you describe is exactly the same one as we
have been discussing around the HAO and regular traffic! Obviously,
when sending the first packet of BAKE/2 we do not have a BCE ready yet -
so to use the HAO at this time would be illegal according to rules
laid out before.

I believe also Classic Bake, Busec, and SUCV have a similar issue.


> For instance, the MN could send packet1 both with CoA as the source
> (causing a "response" to be sent to the CoA) and with HoA as the source
> (reverse-tunneled through the HA).
> Then when the has the information from both "responses" it can do the
> actual BU.


This is an interesting approach. We have to think about it some more.
A few issues come to mind:

- Using a similar technique as we are using now, the additional message does
   not have to add more delay, if both messages can be sent simultaneously
- In order to keep the CN stateless, the processing of the two legs must
   be kept independent and two response messages generated also. Have to
   look at the math to make sure this is doable...


> But it still isn't obvious to me that preventing packet flooding
> attacks against a unwilling CoA is a requirement. Seems like there are other
> means to flood a low-bandwidth node.


I believe what we do with the CoA test can, if omitted, cause really serious
damage. It's not just the low bandwidth nodes, the attack outlined in draft-aura
(open tcp to yourself, take a look at the sequence numbers, then move the stream
towards victim, possibly send a few TCP ACKs now and then to keep the stream going)
appears to be able to easily flood larger nodes or whole networks due
to the high amplification factor. It appears more serious than HOA reflection,
where there's no amplification. However, the success of the attack depends on (a)
ingress filtering being off in the attacker's network (irrelevant if it is on
in the victim network). And, (b) you have to be on the path HA-CN in order to
fool the CN's weak authentication procedure*. Ok, so you could say that it is
an unlikely place to be in. However, in this case the attacker has complete
freedom to choose both HA and CN nodes in a way that places him between them.
This is because he is not attacking HA and CN, he is attacking someone at another
location, the CoA.

I can't immediately see how you could do with current stationary
IPv4. Since we assumed there's no ingress filtering, the attacker could
indeed try to open a session towards a spoofed source address. Attacks like
that exist, and typically depend on the knowledge the attacker has on how
the OS allocates TCP sequence numbers etc. But there's an important
additional advantage that MIPv6 gives for the attacker: he can
temporarily direct the flow to himself to learn TCP sequence numbers
or any basic DoS protection built to the particular protocol.

Jari

*) Trivial for BAKE/2 and relatives. For CAM-DH and relatives, you could invent
your own public key and address.




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA
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Hello Henrik,

Since the home agent has a security association with the
mobile node, and since the registration request has
replay protection and authentication extension, there
isn't any need for the challenge.  The whole registration
message data can properly be considered to be a
challenge, because of the anti-replay data in the
Identificatoin field.

Regards,
Charlie P.


Henrik Levkowetz wrote:

> On going over RFC 3012 and the 3012bis draft, I'm getting puzzled by
> this:
>
> There is provisions for challenges to the MN from the FA, trough the
> MIP Agent Advertisment Challenge Extension(section 2), and there is
> provisions for challenges from all entities except the HA and FA
> trough the Generalized Mobile IP Authentication Extension (section 5).
>
> But this leaves the HA hanging in the middle - there's no specific
> challenge extension for a HA to use, and the Generalized Mobile IP
> Authentication Extension is not defined for an HA to use.
>
> How Come?
>
>                 Henrik
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Henrik Levkowetz +46708321608 henrik@ipunplugged.com www.ipunplugged.com
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------



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Peter,


> So, wouldn't this solve this issue in 3.6.1.1 in 2002bis-08 (Note, this
> merely "moves" the added requirement in -08):
> 
>     -  When registering on a foreign network with a co-located care-of
>        address, the IP source address MUST be the care-of address.
> 
>     -  In all other circumstances, the IP source address MUST be the
>        mobile node's home address.  If the mobile node does not have a
>        home address, the IP source address MUST be 0.0.0.0.

Yes, this should solve the problem.

> 
> Was this not the original intent of adding the 0.0.0.0 "homeless" text
> in the first place; i.e. clarifying behavior for the homeless MN
> registering through a FA, yet still allowing the homeless MN using
> a colocated COA.

Maybe. Like Siva's interpretation. Probably (?) after a careful reading and
little bit of thinking, implementor would do the right thing. But I still
think the draft could benefit a clearer text, like yours.


alper


> 
> --peter
> 
> [rest snipped]
> 



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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, seamoby@cdma-2000.org
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
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Hi all,

> My opinion is, among existing working groups it best fits PILC.
> 
> But, if we want to do a better job (more than L2 triggers), then I'd
> recommend forming a new Sub-IP working group: IP over Wireless.

Its too late for Salt Lake City & maybe too early for Minneapolis,
but I think a bof on this general area would be useful.  In 
NSIS, there is some discussion on if/how you could tie air
interface (layer 2) QoS properties into layer 3.  I think
a BOF with some general discussion on the problem area(s), at
least to give some scope to the problem would be very interesting.
We want to make sure we don't go 'ocean-boiling' ....

best regards,
John


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From: "Henrik Levkowetz" <henrik@ipunplugged.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA
Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 11:23:48 +0100
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Hi Charlie,

	Ah, I see, then I can appreciate the reasoning. However,
what if one would like to use a pre-existing authentication
infrastructure which was designed to use challenges, instead
of creating a new set of shared secrets, public/private keys
or whatever for use with mobile ip? Might there not be a place
also for challenges from a HA in that case?

	Regards,
		Henrik

> 
> Hello Henrik,
> 
> Since the home agent has a security association with the
> mobile node, and since the registration request has
> replay protection and authentication extension, there
> isn't any need for the challenge.  The whole registration
> message data can properly be considered to be a
> challenge, because of the anti-replay data in the
> Identificatoin field.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 
> 
> Henrik Levkowetz wrote:
> 
> > On going over RFC 3012 and the 3012bis draft, I'm getting puzzled by
> > this:
> >
> > There is provisions for challenges to the MN from the FA, trough the
> > MIP Agent Advertisment Challenge Extension(section 2), and there is
> > provisions for challenges from all entities except the HA and FA
> > trough the Generalized Mobile IP Authentication Extension (section 5).
> >
> > But this leaves the HA hanging in the middle - there's no specific
> > challenge extension for a HA to use, and the Generalized Mobile IP
> > Authentication Extension is not defined for an HA to use.
> >
> > How Come?
> >
> >                 Henrik
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > Henrik Levkowetz +46708321608 henrik@ipunplugged.com www.ipunplugged.com
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Dec  9 15:36:13 2001
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Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 21:32:01 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>,
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> I think that some people (e.g., me) interpreted this to mean that a
> lightweight key distribution protocol was required before Mobile IPv6
> could become Proposed Standard.  However, I now understand that this
> wasn't the intent.  Maybe we can satisfy the requirement by using
> your recently proposed BU3WAY draft to enable processing for Binding
> Updates whenever a suitable security association is not available.

Do you think the basic 3-way for every update would perform well enough?
Or do you think there would be a need to establish a binding security 
association? 

> This would work as follows:
> 
> - If the mobile node has a security assocation with the
>   correspondent node, it sends an authenticated Binding Update

By this do you mean IPsec SA or something more vague?

> - Otherwise, if a key establishment protocol exists, the mobile
>   node initiates key establishment
> - Otherwise, the mobile node carries out the BU3WAY operations

I think this runs into "negotiate down" security threats. (I think it 
is draft-draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-00.txt that talks about this.)
For example, if a CN wants to use a high security as possible
how can it prevent an attacker from forcing the use of the weak BU3WAY?

   Erik



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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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> Ah, I see. So the problem in BAKE/2 and CAM-DH is more the message to the
> Home Address, than the CoA routability test.

OK - you mean I swapped things around.
The first packet is sourced from the CoA and this causes a packet to
be sent to the HoA.


> This is an interesting approach. We have to think about it some more.
> A few issues come to mind:
> 
> - Using a similar technique as we are using now, the additional message does
>    not have to add more delay, if both messages can be sent simultaneously

agreed.

> - In order to keep the CN stateless, the processing of the two legs must
>    be kept independent and two response messages generated also. Have to
>    look at the math to make sure this is doable...

I the context bu3way you could get a separate cookie on each path and
be required to present both cookies in the actual BU message.
In this case the CN would be stateless.

> I believe what we do with the CoA test can, if omitted, cause really serious
> damage. It's not just the low bandwidth nodes, the attack outlined in
> draft-aura (open tcp to yourself, take a look at the sequence numbers, then
> move the stream towards victim, possibly send a few TCP ACKs now and then to
> keep the stream going) appears to be able to easily flood larger nodes or
> whole networks due to the high amplification factor. It appears more serious
> than HOA reflection, where there's no amplification. However, the success of
> the attack depends on (a) ingress filtering being off in the attacker's
> network (irrelevant if it is on in the victim network). 

Why does ingress filtering need to be off?

The attacker has the home address for the connection.
Thus it can send ACK packets from its home address while the
data packet are route optimized to go directly to the CoA (victim).

Of course, in this case the victim sees the HoA in the packets which points
at the attacker. Spoofing allows the attacker to hide.

  Erik

> And, (b) you have to
> be on the path HA-CN in order to fool the CN's weak authentication
> procedure*. Ok, so you could say that it is an unlikely place to be in.
> However, in this case the attacker has complete freedom to choose both HA
> and CN nodes in a way that places him between them. This is because he is
> not attacking HA and CN, he is attacking someone at another location, the
> CoA.
> 
> I can't immediately see how you could do with current stationary
> IPv4. Since we assumed there's no ingress filtering, the attacker could
> indeed try to open a session towards a spoofed source address. Attacks like
> that exist, and typically depend on the knowledge the attacker has on how
> the OS allocates TCP sequence numbers etc. But there's an important
> additional advantage that MIPv6 gives for the attacker: he can
> temporarily direct the flow to himself to learn TCP sequence numbers
> or any basic DoS protection built to the particular protocol.
> 
> Jari
> 
> *) Trivial for BAKE/2 and relatives. For CAM-DH and relatives, you could
> invent your own public key and address.
> 
> 




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] L2 triggers draft
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John,

> > My opinion is, among existing working groups it best fits PILC.
> > 
> > But, if we want to do a better job (more than L2 triggers), then I'd
> > recommend forming a new Sub-IP working group: IP over Wireless.
> 
> Its too late for Salt Lake City & maybe too early for Minneapolis,
> but I think a bof on this general area would be useful.  In 

I agree.

> NSIS, there is some discussion on if/how you could tie air
> interface (layer 2) QoS properties into layer 3.  I think
> a BOF with some general discussion on the problem area(s), at
> least to give some scope to the problem would be very interesting.

I think we need a home for L2-L3 interaction for mobile and wireless
networks. As you say, QoS is an example. L2 triggers requirement
is another. Later we'll also "implement" this L2 triggers requirements,
in the form of "L2 triggers protocol", which needs a home as well.

And then there's future PANA protocol, which is likely to do key
distribution. These keys, which are received at L3 can be passed down to
L2 to do encryption (depends on L2 capabilities).

Learning L2 capabilites can help making intelligent decisions on mobility.

So, I think we have candidates to at least have a bof.

> We want to make sure we don't go 'ocean-boiling' ....

Sure.

> 
> best regards,
> John

Thanks.

alper

> 



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Pekka,

The HAO issue you mention can arguably be considered an implementation
issue, taken care by the note in the MIPv6 draft. However, it should be
mandatory. I'll discuss this below. I'll also cross-post this note to
the mobile-ip since you asked it there without anybody answering.

Pekka Savola wrote:
> 
> On Fri, 7 Dec 2001, Jari T. Malinen wrote:
> > Jari Arkko wrote:
> > >
> > > > To conclude, dst.hdr is in RFC,
> > > > the new proposal an individual draft so I'd say it could be
> > > > something to consider for a second generation of Mobile IPv6,
> > > > perhaps.
> > >
> > > Just a clarifying question to make sure I have correctly understood
> > > the current situation with the HAO: the DO header is in the basic
> > > IPv6 RFCs. However, the format of a specific DO that can be
> > > used to carry the Home Address, HAO, is defined in the MIPv6
> > > I-D. I'm asking this because we'd very much like to publish the
> > > cellular host draft as an RFC soon, and in order to require the
> > > use of the HAO we need not just a resolution to the security
> > > worries, but also a reference to some RFC that defines the HAO.
> > > Unless I'm mistaken, we currently don't have such an RFC anywhere.
> > > Or?
> >
> > True, though Mobile IPv6 seems to have a process and timetable to
> > achieve the same goal and also be in last stages of the process.
> >
> > HAO was presented to ipng as a mandatory feature before IPv6 was
> > finalized and it was designed to fill a missing piece of IPv6
> > functionality to support mobility. At that time it was endorsed
> > by the ipng wg and it ended up in the MIPv6 draft. It has been
> > pretty stable ever since. The only reason it is not yet in RFC is
> > due to non-HAO-format related issues.
> 
> Btw,
> 
> One interesting detail of HAO is that its processing isn't defined
> anywhere.
> 
> If you look at MIPv6 draft, the only thing it says about this (AFAICS) is
> a note in security considerations that it could be implemented like
> swapping the addresses.

This issue of HAO processing was supposed to be covered by the note you
refer to. On my opinion it is a very important note and should have had
more emphasis, but according to some other implementors, discussed (also)
in the ETSI Bakeoff 1 year back, there was some issue of read-only buffers
in somebody's implementation which kept the formulation as it is now. Or
maybe I remember it incorrectly, I did not quite understand motivation for
the concern then.

There is a subtle transparency issue involved in this note. MIPv6 provides
transparency by letting applications see the packet as if coming from the
home address. In implementation this is at least considered to mean that
when an application reads the IP source address from the socket, it is
the home address. This implementation detail is not verbosely explained
since it should be obvious to implementors what application transparency
(from changes of the CoA) means in this respect.

The processing order both sending and receiving need to be such that the
transparency is obtained, e.g. for an SCTP INIT packet to have an IPv6
option which can be the home address with exactly the same machinery
used with non-HAO packets. Any other protocol when using HAddr for
communication need to experience the same degree of transparency.

But, when processing other headers beyond HAO in an implementation,
transparency should also mean they see the home address in IP source just
like in a non-MIPv6 data packet. For example, when constructing an AH,
and the note is followed, we observe the swapping happens at HAO processing
in the receiving end before AH processing. If the expressed transparency
principle would be followed in IPsec integration to the fullest, this would
mean the receiving AH processing sees HAddr in IP source. When following in
AH ICV computation the rule of having the authenticated data as seen by the
receiver after processing, it should take into account this swap (swap the
addresses in the ICV computation copy of a to-be sent packet to reflect the
same swap at the receiving end's HAO processing).

Hence, on my opinion, the note should be elevated to be something mandatory.
This would fully implement the transparency principle. It requires no message
format or interface changes to IPsec, only for it to follow its existing principle
of making authenticated packet look like one seen by the receiver (to reflect the
swap of CoA and HAddr in case of HOA option in a to-be sent packet when doing the
ICV generation).

Some called this note just an implementation detail, to me there is more to it,
it gives a processing rule needed for clean implementation of transparency.
Now there may be implementations with tricks to avoid this processing when
assuming IPsec implementation is untouchable to the latest bit (the swap can't
be done until all IPsec implementations agree, since otherwise we'll get wrong
MAC value from the other end not doing the swap when this end follows the rule)..
Hence, this is more of an issue of harmonizing protocol engineering implementation
rules for inter-protocol interworking than an actual security issue.

> I have brought this up in mobile-ip@ but there wasn't any response...

Hope this gives one answer. I also hope implementors seeing this otherwise would
express their concerns now. I'd say it also points there is a siginficant body
of experimentation done with current components of MIPv6, HAO included. Changing its
format now would mean a long re-rehearsal to get to the same state of experience.
Possible, but this should be taken into account when deciding so.

> --
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords

BR,

-Jari


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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Erik Nordmark" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>,
        "Mobile IP Working Group" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1007929921.29603.nordmark@bebop.france>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 17:56:18 -0800
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Erik,

> Do you think the basic 3-way for every update would perform well
enough?

If the 3 way update needs to be done for every handover, then off the
top of my head, I think the
answer is no. It would, however, be useful to go through some
calculations to check this
intuition.

> Or do you think there would be a need to establish a binding security
> association?
>

I think this would be preferable for a longer lasting traffic pattern.

            jak



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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: "Jari T. Malinen" <jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
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On Sun, 9 Dec 2001, Jari T. Malinen wrote:
> Pekka,
> 
> The HAO issue you mention can arguably be considered an implementation
> issue, taken care by the note in the MIPv6 draft. However, it should be
> mandatory. I'll discuss this below. I'll also cross-post this note to
> the mobile-ip since you asked it there without anybody answering.

My gripe here is the location: IMO, it must be noted in the *main
sections* of the draft how home addresses are supposed to be used (e.g. it
substitutes the source address in some implementation-dependent way for
example X.x, maintaining connections even though the source address would
change). This is taken as granted, like everybody would already know what
Home Address is supposed to achieve.  Security Considerations seems like a
completely wrong place to specify the behaviour.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address 
 <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> Erik Nordmark wrote:
>
> > By this term I mean X sending a packet to A (with X as the source address)
> > which tells A to send packets to B.
> > ("Normal reflection" is based on spoofing the source address to cause
> > reply packets to go back to the wrong place.)
> >
> > BTW: bu3way has problem as well - the BUR sent from the CoA causes a BUC
> > to be sent to the Home Address.
> >
> > If sending a packet from a CoA (or HoA) to the CN causes packets to be
> > sent to the address that was not in the source field, then this is
> > "3rd party reflection".
>
> Ah, I see. So the problem in BAKE/2 and CAM-DH is more the message to the
> Home Address, than the CoA routability test.
>
> Interestingly, the problem you describe is exactly the same one as we
> have been discussing around the HAO and regular traffic! Obviously,
> when sending the first packet of BAKE/2 we do not have a BCE ready yet -
> so to use the HAO at this time would be illegal according to rules
> laid out before.
>
> I believe also Classic Bake, Busec, and SUCV have a similar issue.

Hello,

no, SUCV does not have a similar issue..
With SUCV, the packets are exchanged directly between the MN and the CN.
This was motivated by 2 things:
-we wanted to avoid the problem mentioned above
-we wanted to support homeless MN.

regards,
Claude.

--

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes
ph:  +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/



--------------3138C0D37EA2D6D29D258AD9
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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Jari Arkko wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>Erik Nordmark wrote:
<p>> By this term I mean X sending a packet to A (with X as the source
address)
<br>> which tells A to send packets to B.
<br>> ("Normal reflection" is based on spoofing the source address to cause
<br>> reply packets to go back to the wrong place.)
<br>>
<br>> BTW: bu3way has problem as well - the BUR sent from the CoA causes
a BUC
<br>> to be sent to the Home Address.
<br>>
<br>> If sending a packet from a CoA (or HoA) to the CN causes packets
to be
<br>> sent to the address that was not in the source field, then this is
<br>> "3rd party reflection".
<p>Ah, I see. So the problem in BAKE/2 and CAM-DH is more the message to
the
<br>Home Address, than the CoA routability test.
<p>Interestingly, the problem you describe is exactly the same one as we
<br>have been discussing around the HAO and regular traffic! Obviously,
<br>when sending the first packet of BAKE/2 we do not have a BCE ready
yet -
<br>so to use the HAO at this time would be illegal according to rules
<br>laid out before.
<p>I believe also Classic Bake, Busec, and SUCV have a similar issue.</blockquote>
Hello,
<p>no, SUCV does not have a similar issue..
<br>With SUCV, the packets are exchanged directly between the MN&nbsp;and
the CN.
<br>This was motivated by 2 things:
<br>-we wanted to avoid the problem mentioned above
<br>-we wanted to support homeless MN.
<p>regards,
<br>Claude.
<pre>--&nbsp;

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes&nbsp;&nbsp;
ph:&nbsp; +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
<A HREF="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/</A></pre>
&nbsp;</html>

--------------3138C0D37EA2D6D29D258AD9--



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address  <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Claude Castelluccia wrote:


> no, SUCV does not have a similar issue..
> With SUCV, the packets are exchanged directly between the MN and the CN.
> This was motivated by 2 things:
> -we wanted to avoid the problem mentioned above
> -we wanted to support homeless MN.

I guess I have to believe what you say, though the -01 version of your
draft seems to say under SUCVp2 that "this message is sent to the MN's
Home Address and forwarded by the Home Agent to the Mobile current
CoA". (Perhaps this has changed in -02 which I hear is around somewhere,
can you btw send a link, I didn't seem to get it from the I-D directories.)

But let's not argue what the protocols do and don't do. I think we
can make a few observations based on the discussion:

- If we believe the HOA reflection is an issue, we should avoid
   HOA reflection even in the weak authentication protocol. This
   is apparently doable in the way that we discussed with Erik previously,
   or with the way that you indicate above.

- The only way to support homeless MN is to employ the public key
   hash techniques, HoA return routability isn't applicable. (Or?)

- In order to prevent trivial DoS attacks against the public
   key hash techniques, CAM-DH uses return routability at the
   bottom and SUCV uses puzzles.

Jari



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Hello,

Jari Arkko wrote:

> Claude Castelluccia wrote:
>
> > no, SUCV does not have a similar issue..
> > With SUCV, the packets are exchanged directly between the MN and the CN.
> > This was motivated by 2 things:
> > -we wanted to avoid the problem mentioned above
> > -we wanted to support homeless MN.
>
> I guess I have to believe what you say, though the -01 version of your
> draft seems to say under SUCVp2 that "this message is sent to the MN's
> Home Address and forwarded by the Home Agent to the Mobile current
> CoA". (Perhaps this has changed in -02 which I hear is around somewhere,
> can you btw send a link, I didn't seem to get it from the I-D directories.)
>

yes, we have missed the ID submission deadline that why the -02 version is not

on the i-D directories. The 02 version can be retrieved on my Web page at:
http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/people/ccastel/draft-montenegro-sucv-02.txt


>
> But let's not argue what the protocols do and don't do. I think we
> can make a few observations based on the discussion:
>
> - If we believe the HOA reflection is an issue, we should avoid
>    HOA reflection even in the weak authentication protocol. This
>    is apparently doable in the way that we discussed with Erik previously,
>    or with the way that you indicate above.
>
> - The only way to support homeless MN is to employ the public key
>    hash techniques, HoA return routability isn't applicable. (Or?)
>
> - In order to prevent trivial DoS attacks against the public
>    key hash techniques, CAM-DH uses return routability at the
>    bottom and SUCV uses puzzles.

Privacy might also be a reason why you don't want to use return routability.
There
is a section in the SUCV draft v2 that tries to tackle this issue...

regards,
Claude.

--

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes
ph:  +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/



--------------1985D82ADF91331DE8FFA83D
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
&nbsp;
<br>Hello,
<p>Jari Arkko wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>Claude Castelluccia wrote:
<p>> no, SUCV does not have a similar issue..
<br>> With SUCV, the packets are exchanged directly between the MN and
the CN.
<br>> This was motivated by 2 things:
<br>> -we wanted to avoid the problem mentioned above
<br>> -we wanted to support homeless MN.
<p>I guess I have to believe what you say, though the -01 version of your
<br>draft seems to say under SUCVp2 that "this message is sent to the MN's
<br>Home Address and forwarded by the Home Agent to the Mobile current
<br>CoA". (Perhaps this has changed in -02 which I hear is around somewhere,
<br>can you btw send a link, I didn't seem to get it from the I-D directories.)
<br>&nbsp;</blockquote>
yes, we have missed the ID&nbsp;submission deadline that why the -02 version
is not
<br>on the i-D directories. The 02 version can be retrieved on my Web page
at:
<br><A HREF="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/people/ccastel/draft-montenegro-sucv-02.txt">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/people/ccastel/draft-montenegro-sucv-02.txt</A>
<br>&nbsp;
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>&nbsp;
<br>But let's not argue what the protocols do and don't do. I think we
<br>can make a few observations based on the discussion:
<p>- If we believe the HOA reflection is an issue, we should avoid
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; HOA reflection even in the weak authentication protocol.
This
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; is apparently doable in the way that we discussed with
Erik previously,
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; or with the way that you indicate above.
<p>- The only way to support homeless MN is to employ the public key
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; hash techniques, HoA return routability isn't applicable.
(Or?)
<p>- In order to prevent trivial DoS attacks against the public
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; key hash techniques, CAM-DH uses return routability at
the
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; bottom and SUCV uses puzzles.</blockquote>
Privacy might also be a reason why you don't want to use return routability.
There
<br>is a section in the SUCV draft v2 that tries to tackle this issue...
<p>regards,
<br>Claude.
<pre>--&nbsp;

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes&nbsp;&nbsp;
ph:&nbsp; +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
<A HREF="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/</A></pre>
&nbsp;</html>

--------------1985D82ADF91331DE8FFA83D--



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 07:49:44 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 14:47:16 +0200 (EET)
From: Henrik Petander <lpetande@tml.hut.fi>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Implementation experiences of the authentication suboption
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Hi,

At ETSI IPv6 plugtest we successfully tested the authentication data
suboption as specified in draft 15. We used HMAC MD5 with 12 bytes of
authentication data. The test was run between HUT's MIPL MN and Nokia's
HA.  

We implemented the authentication data suboption in a few working days,
and about 180 lines of code, when using existing code (from IPSec AH) for
HMAC-MD5. Since the adding and processing of the suboption is done as a
part of the MIPv6 implementation it is easy to work with home address
options, routing headers etc.. The implementation supports hmac-md5-96 and
hmac-sha-1 and it is available from www.mipl.mediapoli.com with source
code.
 
If an authentication algorithm and its mode will be specified in the mipv6
draft then the authentication data suboption will IMO be ready for use.
Provided that no new weaknesses in HMAC MD5 have been found, RFC 2403, or
otherwise RFC 2404 could be applied directly to the authentication data
suboption.

Finishing this part of the mipv6 spec would IMHO provide an easy way to
get working authentication into the implementations, without sacrificing
anything.  The authentication suboption should also coexist with IPSec
processing without any problems, since it is just payload to any IPSec
headers.  

Regards,

Henrik Petander



		----------------------------------
		Henrik Petander 		
		Helsinki University of Technology,	
		GO/Core Project 
		Henrik.Petander@hut.fi
		Office: +358 (0)9 451 5846 
		GSM: +358 (0)40 741 5248	
		----------------------------------





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-----Original Message-----
From: Jari T. Malinen [mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:50 PM
To: Pekka Savola
Cc: Jari Arkko; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: FW: I-D
ACTION:draft-manyfolks-ipv6-cellular-host-02.txt


Pekka,

The HAO issue you mention can arguably be considered an implementation
issue, taken care by the note in the MIPv6 draft. However, it should be
mandatory. I'll discuss this below. I'll also cross-post this note to
the mobile-ip since you asked it there without anybody answering.

Pekka Savola wrote:
> 
> On Fri, 7 Dec 2001, Jari T. Malinen wrote:
> > Jari Arkko wrote:
> > >
> > > > To conclude, dst.hdr is in RFC,
> > > > the new proposal an individual draft so I'd say it could be
> > > > something to consider for a second generation of Mobile IPv6,
> > > > perhaps.
> > >
> > > Just a clarifying question to make sure I have correctly understood
> > > the current situation with the HAO: the DO header is in the basic
> > > IPv6 RFCs. However, the format of a specific DO that can be
> > > used to carry the Home Address, HAO, is defined in the MIPv6
> > > I-D. I'm asking this because we'd very much like to publish the
> > > cellular host draft as an RFC soon, and in order to require the
> > > use of the HAO we need not just a resolution to the security
> > > worries, but also a reference to some RFC that defines the HAO.
> > > Unless I'm mistaken, we currently don't have such an RFC anywhere.
> > > Or?
> >
> > True, though Mobile IPv6 seems to have a process and timetable to
> > achieve the same goal and also be in last stages of the process.
> >
> > HAO was presented to ipng as a mandatory feature before IPv6 was
> > finalized and it was designed to fill a missing piece of IPv6
> > functionality to support mobility. At that time it was endorsed
> > by the ipng wg and it ended up in the MIPv6 draft. It has been
> > pretty stable ever since. The only reason it is not yet in RFC is
> > due to non-HAO-format related issues.
> 
> Btw,
> 
> One interesting detail of HAO is that its processing isn't defined
> anywhere.
> 
> If you look at MIPv6 draft, the only thing it says about this (AFAICS) is
> a note in security considerations that it could be implemented like
> swapping the addresses.

This issue of HAO processing was supposed to be covered by the note you
refer to. On my opinion it is a very important note and should have had
more emphasis, but according to some other implementors, discussed (also)
in the ETSI Bakeoff 1 year back, there was some issue of read-only buffers
in somebody's implementation which kept the formulation as it is now. Or
maybe I remember it incorrectly, I did not quite understand motivation for
the concern then.

There is a subtle transparency issue involved in this note. MIPv6 provides
transparency by letting applications see the packet as if coming from the
home address. In implementation this is at least considered to mean that
when an application reads the IP source address from the socket, it is
the home address. This implementation detail is not verbosely explained
since it should be obvious to implementors what application transparency
(from changes of the CoA) means in this respect.

The processing order both sending and receiving need to be such that the
transparency is obtained, e.g. for an SCTP INIT packet to have an IPv6
option which can be the home address with exactly the same machinery
used with non-HAO packets. Any other protocol when using HAddr for
communication need to experience the same degree of transparency.

But, when processing other headers beyond HAO in an implementation,
transparency should also mean they see the home address in IP source just
like in a non-MIPv6 data packet. For example, when constructing an AH,
and the note is followed, we observe the swapping happens at HAO processing
in the receiving end before AH processing. If the expressed transparency
principle would be followed in IPsec integration to the fullest, this would
mean the receiving AH processing sees HAddr in IP source. When following in
AH ICV computation the rule of having the authenticated data as seen by the
receiver after processing, it should take into account this swap (swap the
addresses in the ICV computation copy of a to-be sent packet to reflect the
same swap at the receiving end's HAO processing).

Hence, on my opinion, the note should be elevated to be something mandatory.
This would fully implement the transparency principle. It requires no
message
format or interface changes to IPsec, only for it to follow its existing
principle
of making authenticated packet look like one seen by the receiver (to
reflect the
swap of CoA and HAddr in case of HOA option in a to-be sent packet when
doing the
ICV generation).

Some called this note just an implementation detail, to me there is more to
it,
it gives a processing rule needed for clean implementation of transparency.
Now there may be implementations with tricks to avoid this processing when
assuming IPsec implementation is untouchable to the latest bit (the swap
can't
be done until all IPsec implementations agree, since otherwise we'll get
wrong
MAC value from the other end not doing the swap when this end follows the
rule)..
Hence, this is more of an issue of harmonizing protocol engineering
implementation
rules for inter-protocol interworking than an actual security issue.

> I have brought this up in mobile-ip@ but there wasn't any response...

Hope this gives one answer. I also hope implementors seeing this otherwise
would
express their concerns now. I'd say it also points there is a siginficant
body
of experimentation done with current components of MIPv6, HAO included.
Changing its
format now would mean a long re-rehearsal to get to the same state of
experience.
Possible, but this should be taken into account when deciding so.

> --
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords

BR,

-Jari

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>From: Jari T. Malinen [<A HREF="mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com">mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:50 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>To: Pekka Savola</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Cc: Jari Arkko; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: FW: I-D</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>ACTION:draft-manyfolks-ipv6-cellular-host-02.txt</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Pekka,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The HAO issue you mention can arguably be considered an implementation</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>issue, taken care by the note in the MIPv6 draft. However, it should be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>mandatory. I'll discuss this below. I'll also cross-post this note to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the mobile-ip since you asked it there without anybody answering.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Pekka Savola wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; On Fri, 7 Dec 2001, Jari T. Malinen wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Jari Arkko wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; To conclude, dst.hdr is in RFC,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; the new proposal an individual draft so I'd say it could be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; something to consider for a second generation of Mobile IPv6,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; perhaps.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Just a clarifying question to make sure I have correctly understood</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; the current situation with the HAO: the DO header is in the basic</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; IPv6 RFCs. However, the format of a specific DO that can be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; used to carry the Home Address, HAO, is defined in the MIPv6</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; I-D. I'm asking this because we'd very much like to publish the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; cellular host draft as an RFC soon, and in order to require the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; use of the HAO we need not just a resolution to the security</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; worries, but also a reference to some RFC that defines the HAO.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Unless I'm mistaken, we currently don't have such an RFC anywhere.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Or?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; True, though Mobile IPv6 seems to have a process and timetable to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; achieve the same goal and also be in last stages of the process.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; HAO was presented to ipng as a mandatory feature before IPv6 was</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; finalized and it was designed to fill a missing piece of IPv6</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; functionality to support mobility. At that time it was endorsed</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; by the ipng wg and it ended up in the MIPv6 draft. It has been</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; pretty stable ever since. The only reason it is not yet in RFC is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; due to non-HAO-format related issues.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Btw,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; One interesting detail of HAO is that its processing isn't defined</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; anywhere.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; If you look at MIPv6 draft, the only thing it says about this (AFAICS) is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; a note in security considerations that it could be implemented like</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; swapping the addresses.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>This issue of HAO processing was supposed to be covered by the note you</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>refer to. On my opinion it is a very important note and should have had</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>more emphasis, but according to some other implementors, discussed (also)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>in the ETSI Bakeoff 1 year back, there was some issue of read-only buffers</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>in somebody's implementation which kept the formulation as it is now. Or</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>maybe I remember it incorrectly, I did not quite understand motivation for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the concern then.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>There is a subtle transparency issue involved in this note. MIPv6 provides</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>transparency by letting applications see the packet as if coming from the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>home address. In implementation this is at least considered to mean that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>when an application reads the IP source address from the socket, it is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the home address. This implementation detail is not verbosely explained</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>since it should be obvious to implementors what application transparency</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>(from changes of the CoA) means in this respect.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The processing order both sending and receiving need to be such that the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>transparency is obtained, e.g. for an SCTP INIT packet to have an IPv6</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>option which can be the home address with exactly the same machinery</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>used with non-HAO packets. Any other protocol when using HAddr for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>communication need to experience the same degree of transparency.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>But, when processing other headers beyond HAO in an implementation,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>transparency should also mean they see the home address in IP source just</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>like in a non-MIPv6 data packet. For example, when constructing an AH,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>and the note is followed, we observe the swapping happens at HAO processing</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>in the receiving end before AH processing. If the expressed transparency</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>principle would be followed in IPsec integration to the fullest, this would</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>mean the receiving AH processing sees HAddr in IP source. When following in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>AH ICV computation the rule of having the authenticated data as seen by the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>receiver after processing, it should take into account this swap (swap the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>addresses in the ICV computation copy of a to-be sent packet to reflect the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>same swap at the receiving end's HAO processing).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Hence, on my opinion, the note should be elevated to be something mandatory.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>This would fully implement the transparency principle. It requires no message</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>format or interface changes to IPsec, only for it to follow its existing principle</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>of making authenticated packet look like one seen by the receiver (to reflect the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>swap of CoA and HAddr in case of HOA option in a to-be sent packet when doing the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>ICV generation).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Some called this note just an implementation detail, to me there is more to it,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>it gives a processing rule needed for clean implementation of transparency.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Now there may be implementations with tricks to avoid this processing when</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>assuming IPsec implementation is untouchable to the latest bit (the swap can't</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>be done until all IPsec implementations agree, since otherwise we'll get wrong</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>MAC value from the other end not doing the swap when this end follows the rule)..</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Hence, this is more of an issue of harmonizing protocol engineering implementation</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>rules for inter-protocol interworking than an actual security issue.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I have brought this up in mobile-ip@ but there wasn't any response...</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Hope this gives one answer. I also hope implementors seeing this otherwise would</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>express their concerns now. I'd say it also points there is a siginficant body</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>of experimentation done with current components of MIPv6, HAO included. Changing its</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>format now would mean a long re-rehearsal to get to the same state of experience.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Possible, but this should be taken into account when deciding so.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; --</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Pekka Savola&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;Tell me of difficulties surmounted,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Netcore Oy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not those you stumble over and fall&quot;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Systems. Networks. Security.&nbsp; -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>BR,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>-Jari</FONT>
</P>

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-----Original Message-----
From: Jari T. Malinen [mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:50 PM
To: Pekka Savola
Cc: Jari Arkko; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: FW: I-D
ACTION:draft-manyfolks-ipv6-cellular-host-02.txt


Pekka,

The HAO issue you mention can arguably be considered an implementation
issue, taken care by the note in the MIPv6 draft. However, it should be
mandatory. I'll discuss this below. I'll also cross-post this note to
the mobile-ip since you asked it there without anybody answering.

Pekka Savola wrote:
> 
> On Fri, 7 Dec 2001, Jari T. Malinen wrote:
> > Jari Arkko wrote:
> > >
> > > > To conclude, dst.hdr is in RFC,
> > > > the new proposal an individual draft so I'd say it could be
> > > > something to consider for a second generation of Mobile IPv6,
> > > > perhaps.
> > >
> > > Just a clarifying question to make sure I have correctly understood
> > > the current situation with the HAO: the DO header is in the basic
> > > IPv6 RFCs. However, the format of a specific DO that can be
> > > used to carry the Home Address, HAO, is defined in the MIPv6
> > > I-D. I'm asking this because we'd very much like to publish the
> > > cellular host draft as an RFC soon, and in order to require the
> > > use of the HAO we need not just a resolution to the security
> > > worries, but also a reference to some RFC that defines the HAO.
> > > Unless I'm mistaken, we currently don't have such an RFC anywhere.
> > > Or?
> >
> > True, though Mobile IPv6 seems to have a process and timetable to
> > achieve the same goal and also be in last stages of the process.
> >
> > HAO was presented to ipng as a mandatory feature before IPv6 was
> > finalized and it was designed to fill a missing piece of IPv6
> > functionality to support mobility. At that time it was endorsed
> > by the ipng wg and it ended up in the MIPv6 draft. It has been
> > pretty stable ever since. The only reason it is not yet in RFC is
> > due to non-HAO-format related issues.
> 
> Btw,
> 
> One interesting detail of HAO is that its processing isn't defined
> anywhere.
> 
> If you look at MIPv6 draft, the only thing it says about this (AFAICS) is
> a note in security considerations that it could be implemented like
> swapping the addresses.

This issue of HAO processing was supposed to be covered by the note you
refer to. On my opinion it is a very important note and should have had
more emphasis, but according to some other implementors, discussed (also)
in the ETSI Bakeoff 1 year back, there was some issue of read-only buffers
in somebody's implementation which kept the formulation as it is now. Or
maybe I remember it incorrectly, I did not quite understand motivation for
the concern then.

There is a subtle transparency issue involved in this note. MIPv6 provides
transparency by letting applications see the packet as if coming from the
home address. In implementation this is at least considered to mean that
when an application reads the IP source address from the socket, it is
the home address. This implementation detail is not verbosely explained
since it should be obvious to implementors what application transparency
(from changes of the CoA) means in this respect.

The processing order both sending and receiving need to be such that the
transparency is obtained, e.g. for an SCTP INIT packet to have an IPv6
option which can be the home address with exactly the same machinery
used with non-HAO packets. Any other protocol when using HAddr for
communication need to experience the same degree of transparency.

But, when processing other headers beyond HAO in an implementation,
transparency should also mean they see the home address in IP source just
like in a non-MIPv6 data packet. For example, when constructing an AH,
and the note is followed, we observe the swapping happens at HAO processing
in the receiving end before AH processing. If the expressed transparency
principle would be followed in IPsec integration to the fullest, this would
mean the receiving AH processing sees HAddr in IP source. When following in
AH ICV computation the rule of having the authenticated data as seen by the
receiver after processing, it should take into account this swap (swap the
addresses in the ICV computation copy of a to-be sent packet to reflect the
same swap at the receiving end's HAO processing).

Hence, on my opinion, the note should be elevated to be something mandatory.
This would fully implement the transparency principle. It requires no
message
format or interface changes to IPsec, only for it to follow its existing
principle
of making authenticated packet look like one seen by the receiver (to
reflect the
swap of CoA and HAddr in case of HOA option in a to-be sent packet when
doing the
ICV generation).

Some called this note just an implementation detail, to me there is more to
it,
it gives a processing rule needed for clean implementation of transparency.
Now there may be implementations with tricks to avoid this processing when
assuming IPsec implementation is untouchable to the latest bit (the swap
can't
be done until all IPsec implementations agree, since otherwise we'll get
wrong
MAC value from the other end not doing the swap when this end follows the
rule)..
Hence, this is more of an issue of harmonizing protocol engineering
implementation
rules for inter-protocol interworking than an actual security issue.

> I have brought this up in mobile-ip@ but there wasn't any response...

Hope this gives one answer. I also hope implementors seeing this otherwise
would
express their concerns now. I'd say it also points there is a siginficant
body
of experimentation done with current components of MIPv6, HAO included.
Changing its
format now would mean a long re-rehearsal to get to the same state of
experience.
Possible, but this should be taken into account when deciding so.

> --
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords

BR,

-Jari

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>From: Jari T. Malinen [<A HREF="mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com">mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:50 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>To: Pekka Savola</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Cc: Jari Arkko; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: FW: I-D</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>ACTION:draft-manyfolks-ipv6-cellular-host-02.txt</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Pekka,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The HAO issue you mention can arguably be considered an implementation</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>issue, taken care by the note in the MIPv6 draft. However, it should be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>mandatory. I'll discuss this below. I'll also cross-post this note to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the mobile-ip since you asked it there without anybody answering.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Pekka Savola wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; On Fri, 7 Dec 2001, Jari T. Malinen wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Jari Arkko wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; To conclude, dst.hdr is in RFC,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; the new proposal an individual draft so I'd say it could be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; something to consider for a second generation of Mobile IPv6,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; perhaps.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Just a clarifying question to make sure I have correctly understood</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; the current situation with the HAO: the DO header is in the basic</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; IPv6 RFCs. However, the format of a specific DO that can be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; used to carry the Home Address, HAO, is defined in the MIPv6</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; I-D. I'm asking this because we'd very much like to publish the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; cellular host draft as an RFC soon, and in order to require the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; use of the HAO we need not just a resolution to the security</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; worries, but also a reference to some RFC that defines the HAO.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Unless I'm mistaken, we currently don't have such an RFC anywhere.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Or?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; True, though Mobile IPv6 seems to have a process and timetable to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; achieve the same goal and also be in last stages of the process.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; HAO was presented to ipng as a mandatory feature before IPv6 was</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; finalized and it was designed to fill a missing piece of IPv6</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; functionality to support mobility. At that time it was endorsed</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; by the ipng wg and it ended up in the MIPv6 draft. It has been</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; pretty stable ever since. The only reason it is not yet in RFC is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; due to non-HAO-format related issues.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Btw,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; One interesting detail of HAO is that its processing isn't defined</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; anywhere.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; If you look at MIPv6 draft, the only thing it says about this (AFAICS) is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; a note in security considerations that it could be implemented like</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; swapping the addresses.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>This issue of HAO processing was supposed to be covered by the note you</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>refer to. On my opinion it is a very important note and should have had</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>more emphasis, but according to some other implementors, discussed (also)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>in the ETSI Bakeoff 1 year back, there was some issue of read-only buffers</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>in somebody's implementation which kept the formulation as it is now. Or</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>maybe I remember it incorrectly, I did not quite understand motivation for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the concern then.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>There is a subtle transparency issue involved in this note. MIPv6 provides</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>transparency by letting applications see the packet as if coming from the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>home address. In implementation this is at least considered to mean that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>when an application reads the IP source address from the socket, it is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the home address. This implementation detail is not verbosely explained</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>since it should be obvious to implementors what application transparency</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>(from changes of the CoA) means in this respect.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The processing order both sending and receiving need to be such that the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>transparency is obtained, e.g. for an SCTP INIT packet to have an IPv6</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>option which can be the home address with exactly the same machinery</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>used with non-HAO packets. Any other protocol when using HAddr for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>communication need to experience the same degree of transparency.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>But, when processing other headers beyond HAO in an implementation,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>transparency should also mean they see the home address in IP source just</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>like in a non-MIPv6 data packet. For example, when constructing an AH,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>and the note is followed, we observe the swapping happens at HAO processing</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>in the receiving end before AH processing. If the expressed transparency</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>principle would be followed in IPsec integration to the fullest, this would</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>mean the receiving AH processing sees HAddr in IP source. When following in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>AH ICV computation the rule of having the authenticated data as seen by the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>receiver after processing, it should take into account this swap (swap the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>addresses in the ICV computation copy of a to-be sent packet to reflect the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>same swap at the receiving end's HAO processing).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Hence, on my opinion, the note should be elevated to be something mandatory.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>This would fully implement the transparency principle. It requires no message</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>format or interface changes to IPsec, only for it to follow its existing principle</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>of making authenticated packet look like one seen by the receiver (to reflect the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>swap of CoA and HAddr in case of HOA option in a to-be sent packet when doing the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>ICV generation).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Some called this note just an implementation detail, to me there is more to it,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>it gives a processing rule needed for clean implementation of transparency.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Now there may be implementations with tricks to avoid this processing when</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>assuming IPsec implementation is untouchable to the latest bit (the swap can't</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>be done until all IPsec implementations agree, since otherwise we'll get wrong</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>MAC value from the other end not doing the swap when this end follows the rule)..</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Hence, this is more of an issue of harmonizing protocol engineering implementation</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>rules for inter-protocol interworking than an actual security issue.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I have brought this up in mobile-ip@ but there wasn't any response...</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Hope this gives one answer. I also hope implementors seeing this otherwise would</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>express their concerns now. I'd say it also points there is a siginficant body</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>of experimentation done with current components of MIPv6, HAO included. Changing its</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>format now would mean a long re-rehearsal to get to the same state of experience.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Possible, but this should be taken into account when deciding so.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; --</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Pekka Savola&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;Tell me of difficulties surmounted,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Netcore Oy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not those you stumble over and fall&quot;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Systems. Networks. Security.&nbsp; -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>BR,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>-Jari</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 10:19:12 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 16:15:18 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address  <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
To: Claude Castelluccia <claude.castelluccia@inrialpes.fr>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>,
        mroe@microsoft.com, tuomaura@microsoft.com
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> -we wanted to support homeless MN.

Just a note that as far as I know "homeless MN" isn't a requirement 
the IETF work, at
least I've never seen a discussion whether or not it should be a requirement.

  Erik
  



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To: Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1007855265.30546.nordmark@bebop.france>
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
Date: 10 Dec 2001 14:15:38 +0100
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Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com> writes:
> So I think the conservative thing to do if there is a need to check
> with the CoA as well as the HoA during BUs is to send more packets.
> For instance, the MN could send packet1 both with CoA as the source
> (causing a "response" to be sent to the CoA) and with HoA as the
> source (reverse-tunneled through the HA).  Then when the has the
> information from both "responses" it can do the actual BU.

Something like the two simultaneous messages below?

MN  --------> CN --------> HA
                           |
  <------------------------|


MN            CN <-------- HA
|                           
|-------------------------->

Alex



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To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mobileip-hmipv6-05.txt
References: <200111291105.GAA20298@ietf.org>
	<m3r8qhbilr.fsf@test9.crm.mot.com>
	<3C06B125.42154E36@eng.monash.edu.au>
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
Date: 09 Dec 2001 00:24:40 +0100
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Hi Greg, I'm catching up with old mails.

Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au> writes:
> 	I'm not sure if this is what we want to do
> 	(replicate router function), but it is an
> 	easy thing to do, and the trust relationships
> 	between adjacent nodes on a link is likely 
> 	to be easy to manage (since there is a good
> 	chance that SA exist between Routers on the
> 	same link).
> 
> 	Router Renumbering sounds OK, but who do
> 	you allow to send the MAP propagations?

Auth/authorization is something to be considered in HMIPv6, but I was
not referring to this.

In my oppinion, the section 5.2.1 of HMIPv6 draft is insufficient.  It
shows how to match a prefix and update with a MAP option.  This
deviates from "genuine" RR where you match a prefix and update with
another prefix.  From this, other things become difficult to do,
deleting MAP options for example.

I suppose that RR is normally used like this: you administer a site
and decide to replace all 3ffe:ffff::/64 with 3ffe:fffe::/64 on your
entire site.  I comes down to put 3ffe:ffff::/64 in your match
prefixes and 3ffe::fffe::/64 in use prefixes of all CHANGE messages.

In HMIPv6 as I understand it, you would need to specify all the /128
addresses of all advertising interfaces of all AR's as use-prefixes
and add the MAP option.  It's so un-natural.

> *	MAPS?
> 	
> 	If so, then dependent on the number of MAPs,
> 	the key distribution mechanisms are more
> 	complex (since it is unlikely that every AR will
> 	have an SA for every MAP). 
> 	
> *	an Central NMS?
> 
> 	If you allow just a small set of trusted servers,
> 	to send the RR Map options, then you have a
> 	situation where the NMS will have to collect
> 	information about the MAPs before distributing it
> 	on the to AR's.

Among the existing protocols that could be used for this I would
rather think of DHCPv6.  In DHCPv6 a Relay could be located with the
AR and the DHCPv6 Server would pass the address of the MAP (as it
passes the address of a DNS server.)

> 	Maybe it is appropriate to develop separate
> 	guidance for dynamic map option propagation
> 	and management?

I guess it's too early to discuss MAP (or LMM agent for that matter)
discovery.  It's not even known for sure what is wanted from a local
mobility management scheme.  MAP discovery is already in the solution
space.

> > Also, I still think HMIPv6 should specify a way to delete MAP-options
> > from an advertising interface.(RR means to do that is to put 0 in
> > use-prefix of a CHANGE).
> 
> 	It is easy to delete map options by setting the
> 	Preference value to 255 (do not use).

Any means to delete the MAP option should go hand in hand with how
genuine RR deletes prefixes from the interfaces.  I think this is not
the case now.  This is why I raised this issue.  When you delete you
need to first match it with something.  And that something can not be
a MAP option but should be a prefix.

Alex



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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 18:13:41 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
Cc: Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
In-Reply-To: "Your message with ID" <m3y9kbp66d.fsf@test9.crm.mot.com>
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> Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com> writes:
> > So I think the conservative thing to do if there is a need to check
> > with the CoA as well as the HoA during BUs is to send more packets.
> > For instance, the MN could send packet1 both with CoA as the source
> > (causing a "response" to be sent to the CoA) and with HoA as the
> > source (reverse-tunneled through the HA).  Then when the has the
> > information from both "responses" it can do the actual BU.
> 
> Something like the two simultaneous messages below?
> 
> MN  --------> CN --------> HA
>                            |
>   <------------------------|
> 
> 
> MN            CN <-------- HA
> |                           
> |-------------------------->


No - the symmetry is different.

One exchange would be
	MN(CoA) ->	CN
	MN(CoA) <-	CN
and the other would be

	MN(HoA) -> HA -> CN	(reverse-tunneled through HA)
	MN(HoA) <- HA <- CN

  Erik



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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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GM] Comments in-line below.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com]
> Sent: Saturday, December 08, 2001 5:46 PM
> To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> Glenn,
> 
> > That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses 
> in each packet at
> > all since per-address authorization state must be kept on the tunnel
> > endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?
> 
> Are you suggesting sending packets with just two IP addresses 
> and having the
> endpoint replace the source IP and destination IP based on 
> what it has in
> the binding cache entry?

GM] Yes

> 
> I think such an approach has some robustness problems.

GM] I think it is no less robust than what would have to occur even if we
did send the extra address - but I am certainly open to an attempt to find
some sort of stateless argument for why the extra address needs to be there.
I just don't see it if the reflector attack is mandated to be prevented.

>  - What happens if the MN moves away and other MN appears and 
> acquires the same
>    CoA?

GM]The new mobile would have a new home address which could be used to
distinguish the two. The home address would have had to be conveyed via some
signaling i.e. something like a binding update and the cache maintained.
This signaling needs to be authorized and authenticated in order to protect
against a mobile binding another mobile's home address to a particular COA.

 If there is a stale binding cache entry  for the CoA->old HoA
>    in some CN there will be TCP checksum failures should the 
> new MN/HoA try to
>    communicate with it since it will use the old CoA->HoA mapping.

GM]If there is no cache entry that is valid the packets should be dropped
and perhaps an ICMP error message sent to notify the sender (MN's COA) that
they need to refresh. 

>  - What if a MN wants to have one session (e.g. TCP or VoIP) 
>    with a CN using route optimization and another session  
> (e.g. DNS udp
> lookup)
>    not using route optimization. That CN would not be able to 
> tell whether
>    to apply the address replacement - the source address 
> would be the CoA
>    in both cases.

GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization? I don't see why
a mobile would not want to use route optimization with every node if it were
available (ubiquitous). 

> 
> And I can't even imagine what the security issues would be in 
> such a case.

GM] As far as I can tell, the security issues are exactly the same
irrespective of whether the extra address is sent. The statement doesn't
detail any specific issue - by all means, please do.

> So I think having all packets contain all the necessary IP 
> addresses makes
> sense.

GM] I have to say I am not that optimistic of such a thing gaining wide
acceptance any time soon; however, the protections necessary against
reflector attack with route optimized MIP makes sending the extra address,
useless. If you protect against the reflector, then you have conveyed the
addresses to each side with credentials for authentication and authorization
and the CN is already having to check against DDoS based upon some table.
This information has to be stored in a table unless you want to have to
authenticate and authorize on each bearer packet. 

GM] I think we have already seen some discussion on the IPv6 WG list about
the cache etc.. It does seem that people are beginning to see the point -
but I must say this would be a serious leep of faith. Just keep asking
yourself what will have to be done with the packet when there is no cache
entry - i.e. even if the home address is conveyed in the packet.

GM] Earlier I tried to make the point that if MIP is required to deal with
the reflector attack, then you might as well require that the CN's do route
optimization because the same state will have to be kept on the CN - might
as well go for the gusto. The people making micro cameras and toasters with
IP stacks started freaking out on this though. They want the small cheap
footprint. 

GM] This frustrated me to no end and so now I think we might need to start
looking at having the routers close to the CN's do some of these functions
but gee - I can only imagine the reaction I'll get from that suggestion from
the end to enders. This isn't exactly a new idea, though. Even the first
renditions of MIPv6 had such thoughts in it. We also have GES, TUBA, 8+8,
LAR, MBG, etc.. that explored this concept, although many of these solutions
had the tunneling overhead as well. Putting the cache on the CN was easier
from a signaling semantics point of view because it basically results in a
point to point problem set as apposed to a subnet to subnet problem set.
This is why I think the placement of the route optimization functions on the
routers close to the CN's was discounted in favor of the easier problem set.

GM] Route optimized MIPv6 is turning into a bunch of catch-22's (footprint
vs security). I think route optimization should be ubiquitous irrespective
of the choice of where to put the cache entries. Moore's law should
eventually handle the footprint and economics of microcameras and toasters
etc.. Each time the requirements of nodes for route optimization is relaxed
the specification is complicated and the code size on the mobile goes up
because it has to deal with backoff procedures.

GM]I hum for a MUST on the CN binding update requirement or start having the
WG look at mandating the cache on the routers close to the CNs. I don't
think the footprint and cost people can start complaining about having a
MUST for routers. Whatever the choice I have a strong belief that route
optimization should be ubiquitous, deployable and backed up by MUSTs in the
specs.

GM]One thing is for sure, though. The layer-5 signaling-based node mobility
solutions gain in credibility each day the MIP spec is debated over and
incomplete. It is hard to tell who on the receiver list is FUDing and who is
not. I certainly don't believe you (Erik) are one of the FUD people. 

GM]I mentioned a little timer earlier on the list related to competition
from these layer-5 solutions. The timer has expired for some operators. BTW,
last time I checked on these layer-5 signaled solutions, they don't need
tunnel overhead either. But see - they are layer-5 signaling and it's O.K.
to make a "pseudo-connection" i.e. install and maintain some state. It is
the same thing -  these solutions use IP stack mobility shims and swap the
addresses at the endpoints. 

Regards,

Glenn




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charset=3Diso-8859-1">
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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>
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<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] Comments in-line below.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Erik Nordmark [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com">mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.c=
om</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Saturday, December 08, 2001 5:46 =
PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Glenn,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; That said - what is the use of sending the =
extra addresses </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; in each packet at</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; all since per-address authorization state =
must be kept on the tunnel</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; endpoints in order to protect against the =
reflector attacks?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Are you suggesting sending packets with just =
two IP addresses </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; and having the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; endpoint replace the source IP and destination =
IP based on </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; what it has in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; the binding cache entry?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] Yes</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I think such an approach has some robustness =
problems.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] I think it is no less robust than what would have =
to occur even if we did send the extra address - but I am certainly =
open to an attempt to find some sort of stateless argument for why the =
extra address needs to be there. I just don't see it if the reflector =
attack is mandated to be prevented.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp; - What happens if the MN moves away and =
other MN appears and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; acquires the same</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CoA?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM]The new mobile would have a new home address which =
could be used to distinguish the two. The home address would have had =
to be conveyed via some signaling i.e. something like a binding update =
and the cache maintained. This signaling needs to be authorized and =
authenticated in order to protect against a mobile binding another =
mobile's home address to a particular COA.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;If there is a stale binding cache entry&nbsp; =
for the CoA-&gt;old HoA</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in some CN there will be TCP =
checksum failures should the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; new MN/HoA try to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; communicate with it since it =
will use the old CoA-&gt;HoA mapping.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM]If there is no cache entry that is valid the =
packets should be dropped and perhaps an ICMP error message sent to =
notify the sender (MN's COA) that they need to refresh. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp; - What if a MN wants to have one session =
(e.g. TCP or VoIP) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; with a CN using route =
optimization and another session&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; (e.g. DNS udp</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; lookup)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not using route optimization. =
That CN would not be able to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; tell whether</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to apply the address =
replacement - the source address </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; would be the CoA</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in both cases.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route =
optimization? I don't see why a mobile would not want to use route =
optimization with every node if it were available (ubiquitous). =
</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; And I can't even imagine what the security =
issues would be in </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; such a case.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] As far as I can tell, the security issues are =
exactly the same irrespective of whether the extra address is sent. The =
statement doesn't detail any specific issue - by all means, please =
do.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; So I think having all packets contain all the =
necessary IP </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; addresses makes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; sense.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] I have to say I am not that optimistic of such a =
thing gaining wide acceptance any time soon; however, the protections =
necessary against reflector attack with route optimized MIP makes =
sending the extra address, useless. If you protect against the =
reflector, then you have conveyed the addresses to each side with =
credentials for authentication and authorization and the CN is already =
having to check against DDoS based upon some table. This information =
has to be stored in a table unless you want to have to authenticate and =
authorize on each bearer packet. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] I think we have already seen some discussion on =
the IPv6 WG list about the cache etc.. It does seem that people are =
beginning to see the point - but I must say this would be a serious =
leep of faith. Just keep asking yourself what will have to be done with =
the packet when there is no cache entry - i.e. even if the home address =
is conveyed in the packet.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] Earlier I tried to make the point that if MIP is =
required to deal with the reflector attack, then you might as well =
require that the CN's do route optimization because the same state will =
have to be kept on the CN - might as well go for the gusto. The people =
making micro cameras and toasters with IP stacks started freaking out =
on this though. They want the small cheap footprint. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] This frustrated me to no end and so now I think =
we might need to start looking at having the routers close to the CN's =
do some of these functions but gee - I can only imagine the reaction =
I'll get from that suggestion from the end to enders. This isn't =
exactly a new idea, though. Even the first renditions of MIPv6 had such =
thoughts in it. We also have GES, TUBA, 8+8, LAR, MBG, etc.. that =
explored this concept, although many of these solutions had the =
tunneling overhead as well. Putting the cache on the CN was easier from =
a signaling semantics point of view because it basically results in a =
point to point problem set as apposed to a subnet to subnet problem =
set. This is why I think the placement of the route optimization =
functions on the routers close to the CN's was discounted in favor of =
the easier problem set.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM] Route optimized MIPv6 is turning into a bunch of =
catch-22's (footprint vs security). I think route optimization should =
be ubiquitous irrespective of the choice of where to put the cache =
entries. Moore's law should eventually handle the footprint and =
economics of microcameras and toasters etc.. Each time the requirements =
of nodes for route optimization is relaxed the specification is =
complicated and the code size on the mobile goes up because it has to =
deal with backoff procedures.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM]I hum for a MUST on the CN binding update =
requirement or start having the WG look at mandating the cache on the =
routers close to the CNs. I don't think the footprint and cost people =
can start complaining about having a MUST for routers. Whatever the =
choice I have a strong belief that route optimization should be =
ubiquitous, deployable and backed up by MUSTs in the specs.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM]One thing is for sure, though. The layer-5 =
signaling-based node mobility solutions gain in credibility each day =
the MIP spec is debated over and incomplete. It is hard to tell who on =
the receiver list is FUDing and who is not. I certainly don't believe =
you (Erik) are one of the FUD people. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM]I mentioned a little timer earlier on the list =
related to competition from these layer-5 solutions. The timer has =
expired for some operators. BTW, last time I checked on these layer-5 =
signaled solutions, they don't need tunnel overhead either. But see - =
they are layer-5 signaling and it's O.K. to make a =
&quot;pseudo-connection&quot; i.e. install and maintain some state. It =
is the same thing -&nbsp; these solutions use IP stack mobility shims =
and swap the addresses at the endpoints. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Regards,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1008004421.26435.nordmark@bebop.france>
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
Date: 10 Dec 2001 17:58:03 +0100
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Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com> writes:
> One exchange would be
> 	MN(CoA) ->	CN
> 	MN(CoA) <-	CN
> and the other would be
> 
> 	MN(HoA) -> HA -> CN	(reverse-tunneled through HA)
> 	MN(HoA) <- HA <- CN

What would stop a malicious HA to flood CN with MN(HoA)->HA->CN
messages having the HoA of an attacked HA?

I would prefer simpler schemes with a lesser number of messages, this
being presumably easier to secure.  I liked a lot HACOOKIES where the
exchange was only:

MN -> CN -> HA
      CN <- HA

Alex



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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 10:06:57 -0800
From: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia
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Glenn Morrow wrote:

> > > That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses
> > in each packet at
> > > all since per-address authorization state must be kept on the
> tunnel
> > > endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?

I didn't think that this conclusion had been drawn.
The reflector attack under discussion doesn't seem
to be a horrible problem to me, and it's no worse than
what can be done today wthout any Home Address
destination option.

However, I still can agree that keeping extra state as
you mention will enable protection against the problem
anyway.  I just didn't think that it had been agreed as
a mandated part of a solution.

> > Are you suggesting sending packets with just two IP addresses
> > and having the
> > endpoint replace the source IP and destination IP based on
> > what it has in
> > the binding cache entry?
>
> GM] Yes

I don't think this is a good idea, unless there is some extra
information in the two-address header that says it is O.K. to
do the replacement.

Currently, it is possible for a mobile node to use both its
home address and its care-of address for communications
with correspondent nodes.  This might well be useful for
two different data applications between the same two nodes.
I think we should try to maintain the usefulness of the care-of
address as a legitimate IPv6 address for applications that,
for whatever reason, do not need mobility support.  Maybe
SMS would be like that, if every "session" only lasted for
a single packet.  But presumably "more" applications would
use the home address in preference to the care-of address
as the IP(v6) address identifying the application endpoint.

Regards,
Charlie P.



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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
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Hello Erik,

Erik Nordmark wrote:

> Do you think the basic 3-way for every update would perform well enough?
> Or do you think there would be a need to establish a binding security
> association?

I think that in many situations it would be better to have a binding
security association established.

> > This would work as follows:
> >
> > - If the mobile node has a security assocation with the
> >   correspondent node, it sends an authenticated Binding Update
>
> By this do you mean IPsec SA or something more vague?

I meant "binding security association", analogous to "mobility
security association" in IPv4.

> > - Otherwise, if a key establishment protocol exists, the mobile
> >   node initiates key establishment
> > - Otherwise, the mobile node carries out the BU3WAY operations
>
> I think this runs into "negotiate down" security threats. (I think it
> is draft-draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-00.txt that talks about this.)
> For example, if a CN wants to use a high security as possible
> how can it prevent an attacker from forcing the use of the weak BU3WAY?

If the correspondent node wants higher security, it doesn't have to
respond to bu3way protocol efforts, right?  If you meant something
else, then maybe I have to look at the draft you cite.

Regards,
Charlie P.




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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 10:18:12 -0800
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
From: Steve Deering <deering@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
>GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?

For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not wish to reveal
it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).

Steve



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Hello Erik,

Erik Nordmark wrote:

> > Hello Jari,
> >
> > Jari Arkko wrote:
>               ......
> > > I agree! I have recently come to the conclusion myself that
> > > we should not allow unsecure RO at all, and as a minimum should
> > > require one of the weak auth protocols.
> >
> > I was really surprised to read this.  Unsecure route optimization has
> > _never_ been allowable in the Mobile IP working group, neither for
> > IPv4 or for IPv6.  When has there been discussion otherwise?
> >
> > Or am I misinterpreting something?
>
> Charlie, you apparently didn't read the subject line of the message.
> This discuss thread is about the text in draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-00.txt.

I got that part all right, but I still am very curious about why there
might have been discussion about allowing unsecured Binding Updates.
They are known to be bad, and they are not and have not been part
of the Mobile IP protocol for reasons which have been well known
for many years.  Thus, when I read that people have now drawn the
conclusion that unsecured Binding Updates are bad, I begin to
wonder how the discussion was intended to be related to Mobile IPv6.

Regards,
Charlie P.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 13:48:25 2001
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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To: Claude Castelluccia <claude.castelluccia@inrialpes.fr>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>,
        mroe@microsoft.com, tuomaura@microsoft.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address  <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1007855265.30546.nordmark@bebop.france> <3C12BA10.5030304@piuha.net> <3C14787C.C5C79043@inrialpes.fr> <3C149F8F.1030203@piuha.net>
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Claude,

We discussed earlier about why there's return routability or not
at the bottom of these public key hash techniques. Then I said
the following:


> - In order to prevent trivial DoS attacks against the public
>   key hash techniques, CAM-DH uses return routability at the
>   bottom and SUCV uses puzzles.


It seems that I missed an important point though. What CAM and
SUCV are able to do is to conclusively prove that the sending
node really came up with the particular IPv6 address in question.
However, it is still possible for attackers to pick a network X,
generate their own key and address, and claim to be mobile nodes
from X. This could potentially be used for something bad, such
as initiating a session from a CoA and then deleting the BCE and
bombing X with traffic that continues to flow from the CN to the
MN.

The prevention of this attack is another reason why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2
at the bottom: the return routability tests ensure that the attackers
can't claim to be from X if they really aren't from there (or on
the path to it).

Jari




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From: "Casati, Alessio (Alessio)" <acasati@lucent.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>,
        "'deering@cisco.com'"
	 <deering@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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*At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
*>GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?
*
*For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not 
*wish to reveal
*it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).
*
*Steve

Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling 
route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) 
is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets 
(with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as 
source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...



Alessio


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	 <deering@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Alessio,

You are correct and this is why I came to the conclusion that the
simultaneous operation of location privacy and route optimization is the
only true functional excuse in my opinion that could be used to put the
binding functions on the routers close to the CN. 

Now some people think that "location privacy" means that you have to hide
the location from "others" i.e. snoopers i.e. not the people engaged in
communications. I thought that "location privacy" that you didn't even want
the nodes involved in end to end communications to be able to find out where
the parties were unless they were authorized to do so i.e. in addition to
the snoopers. So the first paragraph is true based upon this definition of
"location privacy". I guess no one has really done an information id on
"what is location privacy vs anonymity? If you use anonymity have you
achieved location privacy etc..".

Thanks for bringing this up. BTW if the definition of location privacy is
just the snoopers then your previous SUCV/anonymity work could handle that.

Anyway thanks again for bringing up this point.

Glenn

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Casati, Alessio (Alessio) [mailto:acasati@lucent.com]
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:48 PM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> 
> 
> *At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> *>GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?
> *
> *For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not 
> *wish to reveal
> *it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).
> *
> *Steve
> 
> Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling 
> route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) 
> is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets 
> (with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as 
> source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
> 
> 
> 
> Alessio
> 

------_=_NextPart_001_01C181AE.E1C56FF0
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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Alessio,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>You are correct and this is why I came to the =
conclusion that the simultaneous operation of location privacy and =
route optimization is the only true functional excuse in my opinion =
that could be used to put the binding functions on the routers close to =
the CN. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Now some people think that &quot;location =
privacy&quot; means that you have to hide the location from =
&quot;others&quot; i.e. snoopers i.e. not the people engaged in =
communications. I thought that &quot;location privacy&quot; that you =
didn't even want the nodes involved in end to end communications to be =
able to find out where the parties were unless they were authorized to =
do so i.e. in addition to the snoopers. So the first paragraph is true =
based upon this definition of &quot;location privacy&quot;. I guess no =
one has really done an information id on &quot;what is location privacy =
vs anonymity? If you use anonymity have you achieved location privacy =
etc..&quot;.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks for bringing this up. BTW if the definition of =
location privacy is just the snoopers then your previous SUCV/anonymity =
work could handle that.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Anyway thanks again for bringing up this =
point.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Casati, Alessio (Alessio) [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:acasati@lucent.com">mailto:acasati@lucent.com</A>]</FONT>=

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:48 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow =
wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *&gt;GM] Why would the mobile not want to use =
route optimization?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile =
device may not </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *wish to reveal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *it's current location in the network to its =
correspondent(s).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; *Steve</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Location privacy is not obtained simply by =
disabling </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; route optimization: the visited net addr =
(Care-of address) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 =
packets </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; (with source address set to the CoA)... Not =
using the CoA as </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; source address comes with some ingress =
filtering problems...</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Alessio</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:16:52 -0600
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Yes, you are right. Please see response to Claude.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Steve Deering [mailto:deering@cisco.com]
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:18 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Cc: Erik Nordmark; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> >GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?
> 
> For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not 
> wish to reveal
> it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).
> 
> Steve
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Yes, you are right. Please see response to Claude.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Steve Deering [<A HREF="mailto:deering@cisco.com">mailto:deering@cisco.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:18 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: Erik Nordmark; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; wish to reveal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Steve</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>,
        "'deering@cisco.com'"
	 <deering@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Whoops,

I meant Claude Castellucio's work on SUCV/anonymity. 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH] 
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 1:15 PM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> Alessio,
> 
> You are correct and this is why I came to the conclusion that 
> the simultaneous operation of location privacy and route 
> optimization is the only true functional excuse in my opinion 
> that could be used to put the binding functions on the 
> routers close to the CN. 
> 
> Now some people think that "location privacy" means that you 
> have to hide the location from "others" i.e. snoopers i.e. 
> not the people engaged in communications. I thought that 
> "location privacy" that you didn't even want the nodes 
> involved in end to end communications to be able to find out 
> where the parties were unless they were authorized to do so 
> i.e. in addition to the snoopers. So the first paragraph is 
> true based upon this definition of "location privacy". I 
> guess no one has really done an information id on "what is 
> location privacy vs anonymity? If you use anonymity have you 
> achieved location privacy etc..".
> 
> Thanks for bringing this up. BTW if the definition of 
> location privacy is just the snoopers then your previous 
> SUCV/anonymity work could handle that.
> 
> Anyway thanks again for bringing up this point.
> 
> Glenn
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Casati, Alessio (Alessio) [mailto:acasati@lucent.com]
> > Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:48 PM
> > To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> > Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'
> > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > *At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> > *>GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?
> > *
> > *For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not 
> > *wish to reveal
> > *it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).
> > *
> > *Steve
> > 
> > Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling 
> > route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) 
> > is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets 
> > (with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as 
> > source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Alessio
> > 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Whoops,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>I meant Claude Castellucio's work on SUCV/anonymity. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH] </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 1:15 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Alessio,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; You are correct and this is why I came to the conclusion that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; the simultaneous operation of location privacy and route </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; optimization is the only true functional excuse in my opinion </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; that could be used to put the binding functions on the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; routers close to the CN. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Now some people think that &quot;location privacy&quot; means that you </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; have to hide the location from &quot;others&quot; i.e. snoopers i.e. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; not the people engaged in communications. I thought that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &quot;location privacy&quot; that you didn't even want the nodes </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; involved in end to end communications to be able to find out </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; where the parties were unless they were authorized to do so </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; i.e. in addition to the snoopers. So the first paragraph is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; true based upon this definition of &quot;location privacy&quot;. I </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; guess no one has really done an information id on &quot;what is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; location privacy vs anonymity? If you use anonymity have you </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; achieved location privacy etc..&quot;.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Thanks for bringing this up. BTW if the definition of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; location privacy is just the snoopers then your previous </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; SUCV/anonymity work could handle that.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Anyway thanks again for bringing up this point.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Glenn</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; From: Casati, Alessio (Alessio) [<A HREF="mailto:acasati@lucent.com">mailto:acasati@lucent.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:48 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *&gt;GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *wish to reveal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; *Steve</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; (with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Alessio</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Whoops,

I meant Allesio.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH] 
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 1:18 PM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> Yes, you are right. Please see response to Claude.
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Steve Deering [mailto:deering@cisco.com]
> > Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:18 PM
> > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Cc: Erik Nordmark; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> > 
> > 
> > At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> > >GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?
> > 
> > For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not 
> > wish to reveal
> > it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).
> > 
> > Steve
> > 
> > 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Whoops,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>I meant Allesio.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH] </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 1:18 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Yes, you are right. Please see response to Claude.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; From: Steve Deering [<A HREF="mailto:deering@cisco.com">mailto:deering@cisco.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:18 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Cc: Erik Nordmark; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; wish to reveal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Steve</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:30:23 -0600
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I undertand this point of view as well. We'd have to turn off half of the
applications and protocols in use today on the Internet with the same
problems. Not the mention to be "fair", 60% of the existing RFCs should be
demoted back to drafts if put under the same scrutiny.  

This is somewhat of a brave new world with new threats. Two wrongs don't
make a right but believe me, I hear you on the getting picked on front.

regards,

Glenn

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Charlie Perkins [mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:07 PM
> To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> 
> Glenn Morrow wrote:
> 
> > > > That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses
> > > in each packet at
> > > > all since per-address authorization state must be kept on the
> > tunnel
> > > > endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?
> 
> I didn't think that this conclusion had been drawn.
> The reflector attack under discussion doesn't seem
> to be a horrible problem to me, and it's no worse than
> what can be done today wthout any Home Address
> destination option.
> 
> However, I still can agree that keeping extra state as
> you mention will enable protection against the problem
> anyway.  I just didn't think that it had been agreed as
> a mandated part of a solution.
> 
> > > Are you suggesting sending packets with just two IP addresses
> > > and having the
> > > endpoint replace the source IP and destination IP based on
> > > what it has in
> > > the binding cache entry?
> >
> > GM] Yes
> 
> I don't think this is a good idea, unless there is some extra
> information in the two-address header that says it is O.K. to
> do the replacement.
> 
> Currently, it is possible for a mobile node to use both its
> home address and its care-of address for communications
> with correspondent nodes.  This might well be useful for
> two different data applications between the same two nodes.
> I think we should try to maintain the usefulness of the care-of
> address as a legitimate IPv6 address for applications that,
> for whatever reason, do not need mobility support.  Maybe
> SMS would be like that, if every "session" only lasted for
> a single packet.  But presumably "more" applications would
> use the home address in preference to the care-of address
> as the IP(v6) address identifying the application endpoint.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 
> 

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I undertand this point of view as well. We'd have to =
turn off half of the applications and protocols in use today on the =
Internet with the same problems. Not the mention to be =
&quot;fair&quot;, 60% of the existing RFCs should be demoted back to =
drafts if put under the same scrutiny.&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>This is somewhat of a brave new world with new =
threats. Two wrongs don't make a right but believe me, I hear you on =
the getting picked on front.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>regards,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Charlie Perkins [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com">mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com</=
A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:07 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; That said - what is the use of =
sending the extra addresses</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; in each packet at</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; all since per-address =
authorization state must be kept on the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; tunnel</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; endpoints in order to protect =
against the reflector attacks?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I didn't think that this conclusion had been =
drawn.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; The reflector attack under discussion doesn't =
seem</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to be a horrible problem to me, and it's no =
worse than</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; what can be done today wthout any Home =
Address</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; destination option.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; However, I still can agree that keeping extra =
state as</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; you mention will enable protection against the =
problem</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; anyway.&nbsp; I just didn't think that it had =
been agreed as</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a mandated part of a solution.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Are you suggesting sending packets =
with just two IP addresses</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; and having the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; endpoint replace the source IP and =
destination IP based on</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; what it has in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; the binding cache entry?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; GM] Yes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I don't think this is a good idea, unless there =
is some extra</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; information in the two-address header that says =
it is O.K. to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; do the replacement.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Currently, it is possible for a mobile node to =
use both its</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; home address and its care-of address for =
communications</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; with correspondent nodes.&nbsp; This might well =
be useful for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; two different data applications between the =
same two nodes.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I think we should try to maintain the =
usefulness of the care-of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; address as a legitimate IPv6 address for =
applications that,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; for whatever reason, do not need mobility =
support.&nbsp; Maybe</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; SMS would be like that, if every =
&quot;session&quot; only lasted for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a single packet.&nbsp; But presumably =
&quot;more&quot; applications would</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; use the home address in preference to the =
care-of address</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; as the IP(v6) address identifying the =
application endpoint.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Charlie P.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 14:34:44 2001
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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Krishna Kumar <kumarkr@us.ibm.com>
CC: Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's
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hi KK,

Krishna Kumar wrote:
> 
> Hi Vijay & Francis,
> 
> I didn't state the complete problem (though Francis did correctly guess
> what I meant), so let me add a few lines to describe that. When the MN goes
> to a FN, another node (which already had it's address autoconfigured,
> thereby having it's own link local address) configured the MN's home
> address manually, unintentionally or maliciously. When the HA does DAD on

lets assume unintentionally. if you have a malicious node on your home
link, lot more things (worse?) could happen.

> the link local address, the new node does not respond to the NS, since it
> has a different link local address. Now there will be a conflict for
> packets destined to either the MN or the new node. Isn't it needed to do
> DAD in this case for every address ?
> 
> My problem is only with manual configuration , I agree that
> autoconfiguration doesn't create this problem at all.

you are right. but it comes from somebody making mistake while
manually configuring the address on the MN.

> 
> Also, the 'S' bit doesn't solve the problem, it is not defending all the
> addresses, the 'S' bit is used for tunnelling packets with any of the many
> home addresses values based on the prefixes supported, instead of just the
> home address.

acutally section 9.1 talks about creating a binding cache entry for 
each address that can be derived from other prefixes on the home link.
and when you talk about creating a binding cache entry, it also means
that the home agent is defending that particular address. it answers
to neighbor solicitations for that address. otherwise the packets
would never reach the home agent and would never be tunneled to the
mobile node. 

so we can assume the if the 'S' bit is not set in the BU, the home agent
defends and creats a binding cache entry for each address that can be 
derived from other prefixes on the home link. if the wording is not
clear
maybe we can add some text. 

> 
> > this is based on the common policy where DAD is only performed on
> link-local addresses *and* no address uses a different interface ID.
> 
> If this restriction is enforced, this problem does not exist. But that is
> exactly what I am trying to find out. If a node can configure an address
> with a different interface identifier, then DAD should be done on all
> addresses values.

I am not sure about the answer to this question. maybe others can 
comment on this.

Vijay

> 
> Please let me know if this is wrong in any way.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> - KK
> 
> 
>                     Vijay Devarapalli
>                     <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>         To:     mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>                     Sent by:                        cc:
>                     owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.e       Subject:     Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's
>                     ng.sun.com
> 
> 
>                     12/06/2001 05:20 PM
>                     Please respond to
>                     mobile-ip
> 
> 
> 
> Hi KK,
> 
> I think this comes from RFC 2462 which says if you have stateless
> address configuration, its enough if you do duplicate address
> detection on just the link local address. the other addresses are
> a MAY.
> 
> heres the relevant text from RFC 2462, section 5.4
> 
> ---------------
> 
>       - Each individual unicast address SHOULD be tested for uniqueness.
>         However, when stateless address autoconfiguration is used,
>         address uniqueness is determined solely by the interface
>         identifier, assuming that subnet prefixes are assigned correctly
>         (i.e., if all of an interface's addresses are generated from the
>         same identifier, either all addresses or none of them will be
>         duplicates). Thus, for a set of addresses formed from the same
>         interface identifier, it is sufficient to check that the link-
>         local address generated from the identifier is unique on the
>         link. In such cases, the link-local address MUST be tested for
>         uniqueness, and if no duplicate address is detected, an
>         implementation MAY choose to skip Duplicate Address Detection
>         for additional addresses derived from the same interface
>         identifier.
> 
> ---------------
> 
> And I guess the intention was that Mobile IPv6 did not want to
> specify anything in addition to what is there in RFC 2462.
> 
> and regarding more than prefix on the home link there is
> something specified in draft 15 for that. if the 'S' bit in the
> BU is set, the Home Agent defends just the home address
> specified in the home address option. if the 'S' bit is not set,
> the home agent forms a home address from each prefix on the home
> link and defends all of them. and even in this case, by RFC 2462,
> its enough if you do DAD from just the link local address if
> stateless address configuration is being used.
> 
> one more thing, in your example below node 'X' MUST configure a
> link local address. it cant configure a site local address alone
> and not configure a link local address. it is there in some RFC,
> I forgot which.
> 
> regards
> Vijay
> 
> Krishna Kumar wrote:
> >
> > Hi Charlie,
> >
> > I feel there is a small problem in the Draft 15 regarding the address
> used
> > for performing DAD.
> >
> > 1. Page 67 for BU processing says that DAD should be performed on the
> Link
> > Local Address.
> > 2. Pg 94 says that : If some time elapses during which the mobile node
> has
> > no binding at the home agent, it might be possible for another node to
> > autoconfigure the mobile node's home address.
> >
> > A new node 'X' can configure it's address either through
> autoconfiguration
> > (in which case #1 is sufficient), or by manual means. Since the address
> can
> > be configured manually, I feel the specification should be changed to
> state
> > that  DAD should be performed on the Link Local address and all Home
> > Addresses (if Prefix Length is > 0) based on different prefixes supported
> > by the Home Agent.
> >
> > The reason is that the MN might configure a site local address as it's
> home
> > address and move to a foreign network. Before HA gets the BU, another
> node
> > 'X' manually configures it's address to the site local address used by
> the
> > MN, and it succeeds. When HA gets the BU, it does a Neighbor Solicitation
> > on the Link Local Address, and since X has not configured that link local
> > address, it doesn't respond to the NS. Now packets meant for 'X' get
> > wrongly tunneled to the MN. The node X doesn't even need to take the same
> > site local address for this to fail, it can configure any other address
> > based on the prefixes supported and the interface identifier. In this
> case,
> > after the BU succeeds, any packets meant for this different address will
> > still be tunnelled wrongly by the HA to the MN since Prefix Length was
> > greater than zero. Hence I feel HA must perform DAD on all addresses (can
> > be done parallely and probably take almost the same time as it would take
> > for one DAD) if Prefix Length > 0.
> >
> > Secondly, is it a good idea for Mobility to change the value of
> > RetransTimer to a smaller value like 0.5 seconds or smaller ? This means
> > faster handoff for the MN.  Otherwise the MN has to wait for
> > 1.5*(RetransTimer*DupAddrDetectTransmits) = atleast 1.5 seconds before
> the
> > MN gets a response, and before it is allowed to send BU's to CN's.
> Reducing
> > this time ensures faster movement mechanism for the MN.
> >
> > Thanks,
> >
> > - KK


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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:36:33 -0600
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True - We have the same definition of what location privacy is.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Casati, Alessio (Alessio) [mailto:acasati@lucent.com]
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:48 PM
> To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
> Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> 
> 
> *At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> *>GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?
> *
> *For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not 
> *wish to reveal
> *it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).
> *
> *Steve
> 
> Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling 
> route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) 
> is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets 
> (with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as 
> source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
> 
> 
> 
> Alessio
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>True - We have the same definition of what location privacy is.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Casati, Alessio (Alessio) [<A HREF="mailto:acasati@lucent.com">mailto:acasati@lucent.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 12:48 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: Erik Nordmark; 'deering@cisco.com'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *&gt;GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *wish to reveal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; *Steve</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; (with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Alessio</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 14:08:18 -0600
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Resending?

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH] 
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 11:36 AM
> To: 'Erik Nordmark'
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> GM] Comments in-line below.
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com]
> > Sent: Saturday, December 08, 2001 5:46 PM
> > To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]
> > Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> > 
> > 
> > Glenn,
> > 
> > > That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses 
> > in each packet at
> > > all since per-address authorization state must be kept on 
> the tunnel
> > > endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?
> > 
> > Are you suggesting sending packets with just two IP addresses 
> > and having the
> > endpoint replace the source IP and destination IP based on 
> > what it has in
> > the binding cache entry?
> 
> GM] Yes
> 
> > 
> > I think such an approach has some robustness problems.
> 
> GM] I think it is no less robust than what would have to 
> occur even if we did send the extra address - but I am 
> certainly open to an attempt to find some sort of stateless 
> argument for why the extra address needs to be there. I just 
> don't see it if the reflector attack is mandated to be prevented.
> 
> >  - What happens if the MN moves away and other MN appears and 
> > acquires the same
> >    CoA?
> 
> GM]The new mobile would have a new home address which could 
> be used to distinguish the two. The home address would have 
> had to be conveyed via some signaling i.e. something like a 
> binding update and the cache maintained. This signaling needs 
> to be authorized and authenticated in order to protect 
> against a mobile binding another mobile's home address to a 
> particular COA.
> 
>  If there is a stale binding cache entry  for the CoA->old HoA
> >    in some CN there will be TCP checksum failures should the 
> > new MN/HoA try to
> >    communicate with it since it will use the old CoA->HoA mapping.
> 
> GM]If there is no cache entry that is valid the packets 
> should be dropped and perhaps an ICMP error message sent to 
> notify the sender (MN's COA) that they need to refresh. 
> 
> >  - What if a MN wants to have one session (e.g. TCP or VoIP) 
> >    with a CN using route optimization and another session  
> > (e.g. DNS udp
> > lookup)
> >    not using route optimization. That CN would not be able to 
> > tell whether
> >    to apply the address replacement - the source address 
> > would be the CoA
> >    in both cases.
> 
> GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization? 
> I don't see why a mobile would not want to use route 
> optimization with every node if it were available (ubiquitous). 
> 
> > 
> > And I can't even imagine what the security issues would be in 
> > such a case.
> 
> GM] As far as I can tell, the security issues are exactly the 
> same irrespective of whether the extra address is sent. The 
> statement doesn't detail any specific issue - by all means, please do.
> 
> > So I think having all packets contain all the necessary IP 
> > addresses makes
> > sense.
> 
> GM] I have to say I am not that optimistic of such a thing 
> gaining wide acceptance any time soon; however, the 
> protections necessary against reflector attack with route 
> optimized MIP makes sending the extra address, useless. If 
> you protect against the reflector, then you have conveyed the 
> addresses to each side with credentials for authentication 
> and authorization and the CN is already having to check 
> against DDoS based upon some table. This information has to 
> be stored in a table unless you want to have to authenticate 
> and authorize on each bearer packet. 
> 
> GM] I think we have already seen some discussion on the IPv6 
> WG list about the cache etc.. It does seem that people are 
> beginning to see the point - but I must say this would be a 
> serious leep of faith. Just keep asking yourself what will 
> have to be done with the packet when there is no cache entry 
> - i.e. even if the home address is conveyed in the packet.
> 
> GM] Earlier I tried to make the point that if MIP is required 
> to deal with the reflector attack, then you might as well 
> require that the CN's do route optimization because the same 
> state will have to be kept on the CN - might as well go for 
> the gusto. The people making micro cameras and toasters with 
> IP stacks started freaking out on this though. They want the 
> small cheap footprint. 
> 
> GM] This frustrated me to no end and so now I think we might 
> need to start looking at having the routers close to the CN's 
> do some of these functions but gee - I can only imagine the 
> reaction I'll get from that suggestion from the end to 
> enders. This isn't exactly a new idea, though. Even the first 
> renditions of MIPv6 had such thoughts in it. We also have 
> GES, TUBA, 8+8, LAR, MBG, etc.. that explored this concept, 
> although many of these solutions had the tunneling overhead 
> as well. Putting the cache on the CN was easier from a 
> signaling semantics point of view because it basically 
> results in a point to point problem set as apposed to a 
> subnet to subnet problem set. This is why I think the 
> placement of the route optimization functions on the routers 
> close to the CN's was discounted in favor of the easier problem set.
> 
> GM] Route optimized MIPv6 is turning into a bunch of 
> catch-22's (footprint vs security). I think route 
> optimization should be ubiquitous irrespective of the choice 
> of where to put the cache entries. Moore's law should 
> eventually handle the footprint and economics of microcameras 
> and toasters etc.. Each time the requirements of nodes for 
> route optimization is relaxed the specification is 
> complicated and the code size on the mobile goes up because 
> it has to deal with backoff procedures.
> 
> GM]I hum for a MUST on the CN binding update requirement or 
> start having the WG look at mandating the cache on the 
> routers close to the CNs. I don't think the footprint and 
> cost people can start complaining about having a MUST for 
> routers. Whatever the choice I have a strong belief that 
> route optimization should be ubiquitous, deployable and 
> backed up by MUSTs in the specs.
> 
> GM]One thing is for sure, though. The layer-5 signaling-based 
> node mobility solutions gain in credibility each day the MIP 
> spec is debated over and incomplete. It is hard to tell who 
> on the receiver list is FUDing and who is not. I certainly 
> don't believe you (Erik) are one of the FUD people. 
> 
> GM]I mentioned a little timer earlier on the list related to 
> competition from these layer-5 solutions. The timer has 
> expired for some operators. BTW, last time I checked on these 
> layer-5 signaled solutions, they don't need tunnel overhead 
> either. But see - they are layer-5 signaling and it's O.K. to 
> make a "pseudo-connection" i.e. install and maintain some 
> state. It is the same thing -  these solutions use IP stack 
> mobility shims and swap the addresses at the endpoints. 
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Glenn
> 
> 
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Resending?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH] </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 11:36 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: 'Erik Nordmark'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] Comments in-line below.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; From: Erik Nordmark [<A HREF="mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com">mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Sent: Saturday, December 08, 2001 5:46 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Glenn,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; That said - what is the use of sending the extra addresses </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; in each packet at</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; all since per-address authorization state must be kept on </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; the tunnel</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; endpoints in order to protect against the reflector attacks?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Are you suggesting sending packets with just two IP addresses </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; and having the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; endpoint replace the source IP and destination IP based on </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; what it has in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; the binding cache entry?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] Yes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; I think such an approach has some robustness problems.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] I think it is no less robust than what would have to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; occur even if we did send the extra address - but I am </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; certainly open to an attempt to find some sort of stateless </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; argument for why the extra address needs to be there. I just </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; don't see it if the reflector attack is mandated to be prevented.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; - What happens if the MN moves away and other MN appears and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; acquires the same</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CoA?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM]The new mobile would have a new home address which could </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; be used to distinguish the two. The home address would have </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; had to be conveyed via some signaling i.e. something like a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; binding update and the cache maintained. This signaling needs </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; to be authorized and authenticated in order to protect </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; against a mobile binding another mobile's home address to a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; particular COA.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp; If there is a stale binding cache entry&nbsp; for the CoA-&gt;old HoA</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in some CN there will be TCP checksum failures should the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; new MN/HoA try to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; communicate with it since it will use the old CoA-&gt;HoA mapping.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM]If there is no cache entry that is valid the packets </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; should be dropped and perhaps an ICMP error message sent to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; notify the sender (MN's COA) that they need to refresh. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; - What if a MN wants to have one session (e.g. TCP or VoIP) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; with a CN using route optimization and another session&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; (e.g. DNS udp</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; lookup)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not using route optimization. That CN would not be able to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; tell whether</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to apply the address replacement - the source address </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; would be the CoA</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in both cases.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization? </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I don't see why a mobile would not want to use route </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; optimization with every node if it were available (ubiquitous). </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; And I can't even imagine what the security issues would be in </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; such a case.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] As far as I can tell, the security issues are exactly the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; same irrespective of whether the extra address is sent. The </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; statement doesn't detail any specific issue - by all means, please do.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; So I think having all packets contain all the necessary IP </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; addresses makes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; sense.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] I have to say I am not that optimistic of such a thing </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; gaining wide acceptance any time soon; however, the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; protections necessary against reflector attack with route </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; optimized MIP makes sending the extra address, useless. If </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; you protect against the reflector, then you have conveyed the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; addresses to each side with credentials for authentication </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and authorization and the CN is already having to check </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; against DDoS based upon some table. This information has to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; be stored in a table unless you want to have to authenticate </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and authorize on each bearer packet. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] I think we have already seen some discussion on the IPv6 </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; WG list about the cache etc.. It does seem that people are </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; beginning to see the point - but I must say this would be a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; serious leep of faith. Just keep asking yourself what will </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; have to be done with the packet when there is no cache entry </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; - i.e. even if the home address is conveyed in the packet.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] Earlier I tried to make the point that if MIP is required </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; to deal with the reflector attack, then you might as well </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; require that the CN's do route optimization because the same </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; state will have to be kept on the CN - might as well go for </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; the gusto. The people making micro cameras and toasters with </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; IP stacks started freaking out on this though. They want the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; small cheap footprint. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] This frustrated me to no end and so now I think we might </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; need to start looking at having the routers close to the CN's </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; do some of these functions but gee - I can only imagine the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; reaction I'll get from that suggestion from the end to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; enders. This isn't exactly a new idea, though. Even the first </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; renditions of MIPv6 had such thoughts in it. We also have </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GES, TUBA, 8+8, LAR, MBG, etc.. that explored this concept, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; although many of these solutions had the tunneling overhead </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; as well. Putting the cache on the CN was easier from a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; signaling semantics point of view because it basically </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; results in a point to point problem set as apposed to a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; subnet to subnet problem set. This is why I think the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; placement of the route optimization functions on the routers </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; close to the CN's was discounted in favor of the easier problem set.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM] Route optimized MIPv6 is turning into a bunch of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; catch-22's (footprint vs security). I think route </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; optimization should be ubiquitous irrespective of the choice </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; of where to put the cache entries. Moore's law should </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; eventually handle the footprint and economics of microcameras </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and toasters etc.. Each time the requirements of nodes for </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; route optimization is relaxed the specification is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; complicated and the code size on the mobile goes up because </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; it has to deal with backoff procedures.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM]I hum for a MUST on the CN binding update requirement or </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; start having the WG look at mandating the cache on the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; routers close to the CNs. I don't think the footprint and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; cost people can start complaining about having a MUST for </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; routers. Whatever the choice I have a strong belief that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; route optimization should be ubiquitous, deployable and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; backed up by MUSTs in the specs.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM]One thing is for sure, though. The layer-5 signaling-based </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; node mobility solutions gain in credibility each day the MIP </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; spec is debated over and incomplete. It is hard to tell who </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; on the receiver list is FUDing and who is not. I certainly </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; don't believe you (Erik) are one of the FUD people. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; GM]I mentioned a little timer earlier on the list related to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; competition from these layer-5 solutions. The timer has </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; expired for some operators. BTW, last time I checked on these </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; layer-5 signaled solutions, they don't need tunnel overhead </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; either. But see - they are layer-5 signaling and it's O.K. to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; make a &quot;pseudo-connection&quot; i.e. install and maintain some </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; state. It is the same thing -&nbsp; these solutions use IP stack </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; mobility shims and swap the addresses at the endpoints. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Glenn</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 12:17:54 -0800
To: "Casati, Alessio (Alessio)" <acasati@lucent.com>
From: Steve Deering <deering@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
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At 6:48 PM +0000 12/10/01, Casati, Alessio (Alessio) wrote:
>Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling 
>route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) 
>is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets 
>(with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as 
>source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...

You do bidirectional tunneling through the home agent when you want to
keep your location hidden from your corrrespondents (i.e., you disable
route optimization on both directions).  The outer source address in
the tunneled packets from MH to HA is the care-of address, so it
gets through the ingress filters fine, and then gets removed by the
HA as a natural side-effect of decapsulation, before the packet goes
to the correspondent.

Steve



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Cc: "Casati, Alessio (Alessio)" <acasati@lucent.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Steve Deering writes:
 > At 6:48 PM +0000 12/10/01, Casati, Alessio (Alessio) wrote:
 > >Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling 
 > >route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) 
 > >is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets 
 > >(with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as 
 > >source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
 > 
 > You do bidirectional tunneling through the home agent when you want to
 > keep your location hidden from your corrrespondents (i.e., you disable
 > route optimization on both directions).  The outer source address in
 > the tunneled packets from MH to HA is the care-of address, so it
 > gets through the ingress filters fine, and then gets removed by the
 > HA as a natural side-effect of decapsulation, before the packet goes
 > to the correspondent.

   Right, and I think that given the hazard for the
   CN with spooofed HAO, there needs to be a failsafe
   way for the MN to communicate with the CN if, for
   whatever reason, the CN will not accept the binding
   updated.

		Mike


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Cc: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
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James Kempf writes:
 > Erik,
 > 
 > > Do you think the basic 3-way for every update would perform well
 > enough?
 > 
 > If the 3 way update needs to be done for every handover, then off the
 > top of my head, I think the
 > answer is no. It would, however, be useful to go through some
 > calculations to check this
 > intuition.

   Something that needs to be kept in mind here is that
   MN/CN updates are probably a long-haul operation. That
   is, if you are in any way dependent to their timeliness,
   to support the needed performance characteristics, you're
   probably already in trouble because they may need to go
   half way around the world. 

   In this light, it may be that in combination with local
   convergence techniques -- FMIP, etc -- you can take the
   MN/CN binding update out of the critical handoff path in
   which case the performance of _any_ of these proposals
   is moot (handoffwise, that is).

		Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 16:17:51 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sun, 09 Dec 2001 00:45:39 +0100.
             <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1007855139.795.nordmark@bebop.france> 
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:13:12 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   As I just sent to the ipv6 list, I think the overloading of routing headers
   make it harder for firewalls to differentiate between MIPv6 use of
   routing headers as opposed to other routing headers (those where the different
   hops are for different nodes). This was pointed out in Pekka's draft if
   I remember correctly.
   
   I don't know how important this concern is.

=> I believe the concern will be for other/new usages of routing headers
if firewall implementors support only the MIPv6 special case...
Another reason to move this thread to the proper WG!

Thanks

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Alexandru Petrescu wrote:


> What would stop a malicious HA to flood CN with MN(HoA)->HA->CN
> messages having the HoA of an attacked HA?


I'm not sure I understand your attack, I think we pretty much
have to trust the HA. And of course, anyone can spoof messages
towards the CN so the CN must be prepared to deal with that
in any case. Several proposals do that, in various ways.


> I would prefer simpler schemes with a lesser number of messages, this
> being presumably easier to secure.  I liked a lot HACOOKIES where the
> exchange was only:
> 
> MN -> CN -> HA
>       CN <- HA

Simpler is better of course. However, we do need to fulfil reasonable
security requirements, and not introduce new attacks. Right now,
there's a couple of attacks where we haven't decided yet if they
are serious enough to require protection. These are:

* HOA reflection attack from draft-savola
* As a special case of the above, Erik discovered that you can
   do the reflection attack with some of the current weak authentication
   protocols. This is an example of a security scheme bringing along
   with itself new security problems.
* 3rd party bombing attack from draft-aura

For the first and third attacks we have some proposals that can
prevent them. The protection of the second attack is being discussed
in this thread.

As far as I can see, HACOOKIES could potentially be vulnerable to
the second attack. It seems to be vulnerable to the third attack
as well, but only for attackers on the HA-CN path because the
attacker would have to know the ha-mn cookie, at least if the
CN public key is attached to the BUQR.

Jari




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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>>I believe what we do with the CoA test can, if omitted, cause really serious
>>damage. It's not just the low bandwidth nodes, the attack outlined in
>>draft-aura (open tcp to yourself, take a look at the sequence numbers, then
>>move the stream towards victim, possibly send a few TCP ACKs now and then to
>>keep the stream going) appears to be able to easily flood larger nodes or
>>whole networks due to the high amplification factor. It appears more serious
>>than HOA reflection, where there's no amplification. However, the success of
>>the attack depends on (a) ingress filtering being off in the attacker's
>>network (irrelevant if it is on in the victim network). 
>>
> 
> Why does ingress filtering need to be off?
> 
> The attacker has the home address for the connection.
> Thus it can send ACK packets from its home address while the
> data packet are route optimized to go directly to the CoA (victim).
> 
> Of course, in this case the victim sees the HoA in the packets which points
> at the attacker. Spoofing allows the attacker to hide.

Spoofing is necessary for the attacker to send the Weak Auth / Binding Update
messages. These must appear as if they came from the CoA, otherwise the CN
should immediately throw the messages away.

Jari




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Steve,

> At 6:48 PM +0000 12/10/01, Casati, Alessio (Alessio) wrote:
> >Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling
> >route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address)
> >is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets
> >(with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as
> >source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
> 
> You do bidirectional tunneling through the home agent when you want to
> keep your location hidden from your corrrespondents (i.e., you disable
> route optimization on both directions).  The outer source address in
> the tunneled packets from MH to HA is the care-of address, so it
> gets through the ingress filters fine, and then gets removed by the
> HA as a natural side-effect of decapsulation, before the packet goes
> to the correspondent.

Good idea. However, nodes not requiring this don't need to abandon route
optimization and due to routing scalability reasons and single point of
failure issue of the HA constantly on path, also route optimization is
a desired feature. I see your suggestion as a possible new mode of operation
for a new requirement. When adding new tasks and requirements for mobility
beyond those in the charter, reverse tunneling to HA is very useful. We also
suggested that in a draft, discussed in the monet (Mobile Networks) mailing list,
cf

http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kniveton-mobrtr-00.txt

And, as you say, HAO need not be there, reverse tunneling works just with
IP addresses in inner and outer packets. But, mobile routers were considered
out of scope here..

> Steve

BR,

-Jari


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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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Cc: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Jari Arkko writes:
 > Alexandru Petrescu wrote:
 > 
 > 
 > > What would stop a malicious HA to flood CN with MN(HoA)->HA->CN
 > > messages having the HoA of an attacked HA?
 > 
 > 
 > I'm not sure I understand your attack, I think we pretty much
 > have to trust the HA. And of course, anyone can spoof messages
 > towards the CN so the CN must be prepared to deal with that
 > in any case. Several proposals do that, in various ways.

   Ignore if this is noise. What happens if the HA and MN
   are in collusion? 

 > > I would prefer simpler schemes with a lesser number of messages, this
 > > being presumably easier to secure.  I liked a lot HACOOKIES where the
 > > exchange was only:
 > > 
 > > MN -> CN -> HA
 > >       CN <- HA

   Note that in COOKIES, the HA intervention was an
   optimization. Because of collusion, the security
   properties were really those of the MN and CN 
   (ie, you can't make any assumptions about the
   trustworthiness of the HA).

		      Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 16:44:43 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:40:46 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
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> What would stop a malicious HA to flood CN with MN(HoA)->HA->CN
> messages having the HoA of an attacked HA?

Nothing, just like there isn't anything preventing the HA to
send TCP SYN packets with HA as the source. In both cases the
reply packet goes back to/through the HA.

But I seem to have failed to communicate the problem here.

A sending a packet to B which causes B to reply to A is
not different than most protocols - TCP SYN, ICMP echo, DNS lookups, etc.

A sending a packet to B which causes B to send a packet to C
is quite different. That is my concern.

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 16:47:06 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:34:29 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: Glenn Morrow <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> >  - What happens if the MN moves away and other MN appears and 
> > acquires the same
> >    CoA?
> 
> GM]The new mobile would have a new home address which could be used to
> distinguish the two.

Yes, but that home address would not be contained in the packet.
So when the CN receives a packet from a CoA how can it tell that
the CoA->HoA mapping has changed?

> The home address would have had to be conveyed via some
> signaling i.e. something like a binding update and the cache maintained.
> This signaling needs to be authorized and authenticated in order to protect
> against a mobile binding another mobile's home address to a particular COA.

Yes, but who would do this binding update when?
The old "owner" of the CoA might have just walked out of radio range.
The new "owner" of the CoA doesn't know which CNs might have a binding cache
entry.

BTW: I think it would be useful for you to work out the details perhaps 
as a short I-D.


> GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization? I don't see why
> a mobile would not want to use route optimization with every node if it were
> available (ubiquitous). 

Limited resources - e.g. limited memory for the binding update list
or wanting to limit the total amount of bandwidth or CPU spent on
the binding update protocol.

> > 
> > And I can't even imagine what the security issues would be in 
> > such a case.
> 
> GM] As far as I can tell, the security issues are exactly the same
> irrespective of whether the extra address is sent. The statement doesn't
> detail any specific issue - by all means, please do.

I'll do that once there is a complete proposal I can read.



> GM]One thing is for sure, though. The layer-5 signaling-based node mobility
> solutions gain in credibility each day the MIP spec is debated over and
> incomplete. It is hard to tell who on the receiver list is FUDing and who is
> not. I certainly don't believe you (Erik) are one of the FUD people. 

Thanks for the confidence.
I'm am seriously concerned that we need the right security requirements
for MIPv6 to avoid creating a new tool for DDoS attacks but I do realize
that I am on a bit of thin ice since, even without MIPv6, there isn't
a chosen path or paths for tracing back DoS attacks. So there isn't
a very well known idea of what it means to not make it harder to deal with
DDoS.
 
   Erik



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Michael Thomas wrote:
> 
> Steve Deering writes:
>  > At 6:48 PM +0000 12/10/01, Casati, Alessio (Alessio) wrote:
>  > >Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling
>  > >route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address)
>  > >is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets
>  > >(with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as
>  > >source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
>  >
>  > You do bidirectional tunneling through the home agent when you want to
>  > keep your location hidden from your corrrespondents (i.e., you disable
>  > route optimization on both directions).  The outer source address in
>  > the tunneled packets from MH to HA is the care-of address, so it
>  > gets through the ingress filters fine, and then gets removed by the
>  > HA as a natural side-effect of decapsulation, before the packet goes
>  > to the correspondent.
> 
>    Right, and I think that given the hazard for the
>    CN with spooofed HAO, there needs to be a failsafe
>    way for the MN to communicate with the CN if, for
>    whatever reason, the CN will not accept the binding
>    updated.

However, and this also applies to the early work we've done in
mobile routers, if the scalability requirement of extending beyond
infrastructures in authentication are taken seriously, also the leg
from HA to CN is equally M to N tunneling: weak authentication (or 
something) would logically be needed even with the reverse tunneling
via HA.

>                 Mike

BR,

-Jari


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Cc: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Erik Nordmark writes:
 > > What would stop a malicious HA to flood CN with MN(HoA)->HA->CN
 > > messages having the HoA of an attacked HA?
 > 
 > Nothing, just like there isn't anything preventing the HA to
 > send TCP SYN packets with HA as the source. In both cases the
 > reply packet goes back to/through the HA.
 > 
 > But I seem to have failed to communicate the problem here.
 > 
 > A sending a packet to B which causes B to reply to A is
 > not different than most protocols - TCP SYN, ICMP echo, DNS lookups, etc.
 > 
 > A sending a packet to B which causes B to send a packet to C
 > is quite different. That is my concern.

   Indeed, however, is this possibly solvable
   by requiring CN to rate limit verifications?
   That is, when a CN sees a new HAO for which 
   it doesn't have a cache entry, the only traffic
   it will send via tha HA is something that will
   verify that the MN is, in fact, reachable that
   way, and that that traffic is rate limited?
   
   I haven't managed to grok the amplification
   attack so I have no idea whether this would be
   generally helpful.

	     Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 17:22:49 2001
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From: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Assumption not made! Re: [mobile-ip] I-D 
 ACTION:draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-00.txt
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Hello folks,

While reading the abovementioned document, I came across the
following passage:

   The assumption in Mobile IPv6, as in many other systems, seems to
   have been that generic security mechanism such as IPSec, IKE, and a
   public-key infrastructure (PKI) will eventually solve all
   authentication issues.

But as co-author of the specification, I can assure you that no
such assumption was ever made.  In fact, the best way to express
it, is that _no_ assumption about security infrastructure was made.
I think this is quite appropriate, and is still a viable perspective.
For one thing, since we didn't know what security infrastructure
to use, it makes a lot of sense to me to avoid making assumptions
about it.  Any assumptions that we might have made would directly
have had the effect of excluding some possible solutions.

Regards,
Charlie P.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 17:28:19 2001
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Hello again folks,

Isn't it true that much of this document deals with reasons
why it's bad to accept unauthenticated Binding Updates?

I don't see exactly why we have to keep solving that
same problem, since as I have noted quite a few times
we have already solved it by mandating authentication in
every single revision of Mobile IPv6.  I'm reminded that
one can prove any theorem if one starts with a false
assumption.  But the goal should not be to refute every
such theorem -- it's better to avoid making false assumptions
in the first place...

I'll try to take a closer look at the threats that do not involve
failure to authenticate Binding Updates.

Regards,
Charlie P.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 17:39:55 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 23:36:01 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
To: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> I think that in many situations it would be better to have a binding
> security association established.

OK.  Good to know.

> > I think this runs into "negotiate down" security threats. (I think it
> > is draft-draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-00.txt that talks about this.)
> > For example, if a CN wants to use a high security as possible
> > how can it prevent an attacker from forcing the use of the weak BU3WAY?
> 
> If the correspondent node wants higher security, it doesn't have to
> respond to bu3way protocol efforts, right?  If you meant something
> else, then maybe I have to look at the draft you cite.

Yes, but it seems like the MN should be able to influence which security
is required to accept its BU instead of only making it up to the CN.

For instance imagine a MN that only wants to use the more secure method
talking to a CN that supports both methods (it supports the weaker method
for interoperability with MNs that use the weaker one).
Then the MN can use the stronger method with that CN, but an
attacker can attack using the weaker method.

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 17:46:21 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:46:21 -0800
From: "Digital Coast Roundtable" <DigitalCoastRoundtableParty2001@yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <B83A6D2D.130923D@[192.168.254.63]>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Wednesday - 3rd Annual Digital Coast Holiday Reception
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Dear Member of the Digital Coast:

You are invited to attend the 3rd Annual Digital Coast Holiday Reception on
Wednesday, December 12 from 6:30 to 10:30 p.m. at the Wadsworth Theatre.

This special networking event is presented by several technology and
entertainment professional networking groups and will bring the Digital
Coast community together for the biggest industry event of the year. There
will be several speakers who will share useful information regarding
economic growth, technology forecasts, employment opportunities, and the
City's safety and security plans. The program will close with a live
performance by the Los Angeles band Kneegirl. 

For more information: 
http://www.digitalcoast.org/events.html
To RSVP: 
https://www.tieronenetwork.org/Holiday/RSVP.asp

The 3rd Annual Digital Coast Holiday Reception
Wednesday, December 12, 2001
6:30 - 10:30 p.m.
Wadsworth Theatre
Building 226 Eisenhower Avenue
in the VA complex off the 405
http://www.gla.med.va.gov/maps/WadsworthTheatre.htm


Brought to you by our sponsors:

Pepperdine Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology Law
http://law.pepperdine.edu/cetl/index.shtml

Supporting Digital Coast Showcase Sponsors:

Fontera Corporation
http://www.fronteracorp.com

iAgency
http://www.iagency.com

Stuart F. Cooper Co.

http://www.sfcooper.com
Tickets are $15 in advance or $20 at the door. To purchase tickets for this
event, please visit 
https://www.tieronenetwork.org/Holiday/RSVP.asp

Participating Organizations:
Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences
Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
Association of Internet Professionals - LA & OC
FWE Southern California
Internet Society - LA Chapter
larta - the technology alliance for southern California
Producers Guild of America
PROMAX San Diego Regional Technology Alliance
Society for Internet Advancement
Software Council of Southern California
Tier One
UC Santa Barbara Digital Media Innovation Project - DiMI
Women In Film
Women in New Technologies
Women in Technology International
LA Women in Technology International
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Event to benefit Habitat for Humanity
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 17:53:12 2001
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From: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
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Hello Erik,


> Yes, but it seems like the MN should be able to influence which security
> is required to accept its BU instead of only making it up to the CN.
>
> For instance imagine a MN that only wants to use the more secure method
> talking to a CN that supports both methods (it supports the weaker method
> for interoperability with MNs that use the weaker one).
> Then the MN can use the stronger method with that CN, but an
> attacker can attack using the weaker method.

Maybe it would be a good idea to require that Binding Updates be
authenticated with pre-established security associations whenever
possible.  If a malicious node attempts bu3way when the correspondent
node already has a better security association established, then that might
be deemed an error by the correspondent node.

I know this isn't a complete solution, but at least it's a start.  The
details would depend on the final form of any key establishment
protocol, probably.

Regards,
Charlie P.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 18:15:44 2001
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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:11:28 +0100
From: gabriel montenegro <gab@sun.com>
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>    As I just sent to the ipv6 list, I think the overloading of routing headers
>    make it harder for firewalls to differentiate between MIPv6 use of
>    routing headers as opposed to other routing headers (those where the different
>    hops are for different nodes). This was pointed out in Pekka's draft if
>    I remember correctly.
>
>    I don't know how important this concern is.
>
> => I believe the concern will be for other/new usages of routing headers
> if firewall implementors support only the MIPv6 special case...
> Another reason to move this thread to the proper WG!

Agree. This might put me on Glenn Morrow's FUD list, but here's an
extreme position:

I think this is where the IESG must step in. Yes, the MIP wg can go continue
using RH/HAO, but I think it has been successfully demonstrated that
tunneling with the zill/deering extensions can accomplish the same thing.
It is the IESG's job to avoid proliferation of duplicate mechanisms. Better
one well-known mechanism than a slew of them. Definitely true for
security and firewalls point of view, so it can be couched in those terms.

Notice that this nearly happened in IPv4 with Dave Johnson's minimal
encapsulation (rfc2004) but it didn't gain much ground cuz only the MIP wg was pushing
it. This new zill/deering option is now outside the MIP wg, where it should be.
MIP wg should just adopt it, help spec it, push to put it on the fast-track and get it done.

And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. Anything to make mobility less 'weird' and
more in line with non-mobile wg's (IPv6) will save us problems down the road.

asbestos shields on,

-gabriel



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 18:21:25 2001
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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:17:38 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
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>  > A sending a packet to B which causes B to send a packet to C
>  > is quite different. That is my concern.
> 
>    Indeed, however, is this possibly solvable
>    by requiring CN to rate limit verifications?
>    That is, when a CN sees a new HAO for which 
>    it doesn't have a cache entry, the only traffic
>    it will send via tha HA is something that will
>    verify that the MN is, in fact, reachable that
>    way, and that that traffic is rate limited?

In theory yes, but I have no idea what is a reasonable rate to
plug into an implementation that runs on everything from my laptop
to a 64+ processor server.

Defense against TCP SYN attacks can detect when something unusual
is going on (connections in SYN-RCVD timing out) and apply limits
in that case.
But since we don't want to create state (to avoid DoS) on the first
packet I don't see how an implementation can determine when something
unusual is going on.
This leaves picking a magic "number of new BUs per second" rate out
of a hat.

>    I haven't managed to grok the amplification
>    attack so I have no idea whether this would be
>    generally helpful.

It isn't an amplification - one packet results in one packet.
But the issue is that the victim sees a packet from B and has no
way (other that getting B to collect packet traces) to find out
that the packets are in fact generated because of A sending things to B.

  Erik




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 18:24:57 2001
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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:20:47 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
To: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> Maybe it would be a good idea to require that Binding Updates be
> authenticated with pre-established security associations whenever
> possible.  If a malicious node attempts bu3way when the correspondent
> node already has a better security association established, then that might
> be deemed an error by the correspondent node.
> 
> I know this isn't a complete solution, but at least it's a start.  The
> details would depend on the final form of any key establishment
> protocol, probably.

I don't think that is needed - picking a single method for securing BUs
is probably the best (assuming the chairs can get concensus around that).

BTW: You seem to have gone full circle back to requiring a PKI - or how would
the pre-established SA be created?

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 18:33:15 2001
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Hello Erik,

> I don't think that is needed - picking a single method for securing BUs
> is probably the best (assuming the chairs can get concensus around that).
>
> BTW: You seem to have gone full circle back to requiring a PKI - or how would
> the pre-established SA be created?

I didn't say anything about how the security association was to
be created.  If I don't know this, does it mean I require PKI?

I myself like the idea of solving one piece of the puzzle at a time,
instead of having to do everything all at once.  So, I would much
prefer it if we could figure out how to do security associations later.
There's already good ways known about how to authenticate
Binding Updates, once the security association is in place, which
could potentially be done in any of several ways.  I think it would
be a mistake to require a one-size fits all method for establishing
the necessary security associations at the mobile node.

Regards,
Charlie P.




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Hello Gabriel,

gabriel montenegro wrote:

> Francis Dupont wrote:
>
> >    I don't know how important this concern is.
> >
> > => I believe the concern will be for other/new usages of routing headers
> > if firewall implementors support only the MIPv6 special case...
> > Another reason to move this thread to the proper WG!

As I mentioned before, this particular use of the routing header is
specific to Mobile IPv6, and thus should be handled in the mobile-ip
working group.  Moreover, I think that whatever uses the routing
header will have, will each be specific for a particular purpose.
Thus, I do not think that it makes sense to create anything more
than very general guidelines within some over-arching working group
effort.

> I think this is where the IESG must step in. Yes, the MIP wg can go continue
> using RH/HAO, but I think it has been successfully demonstrated that
> tunneling with the zill/deering extensions can accomplish the same thing.

It was already successfully demonstrated long before the Zill/Deering
draft.  I don't think that anyone has ever tried to argue that encapsulation
was incapable of these operations.  In fact, Mobile IPv4 had several
LSR-based attempts, and we certainly know that encapsulation can do
the same task in the context of IPv4.

> It is the IESG's job to avoid proliferation of duplicate mechanisms. Better
> one well-known mechanism than a slew of them. Definitely true for
> security and firewalls point of view, so it can be couched in those terms.

The mechanism you refer to is not on any standards track as far as I know.
It might take quite a while to get it done.  Furthermore, the encapsulation
mechanisms do nothing to solve any security problems, and probably make
the problems ever-so-slightly worse just because of their greater generality.

> Notice that this nearly happened in IPv4 with Dave Johnson's minimal
> encapsulation (rfc2004) but it didn't gain much ground cuz only the MIP wg was pushing
> it. This new zill/deering option is now outside the MIP wg, where it should be.
> MIP wg should just adopt it, help spec it, push to put it on the fast-track and get it done.

It is a different case, not least because in IPv6 the encapsulation endpoint would
be at the mobile node.  This means more bytes over the air.

> And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. Anything to make mobility less 'weird' and
> more in line with non-mobile wg's (IPv6) will save us problems down the road.

If we make everything sufficiently in-line with non-mobile protocols, we are
likely to get non-mobility.  But I know you didn't mean that.  On the other hand,
I would have thought that using Draft Standard IPv6 mechanisms was "O.K."
according to almost any reasonable engineering criterion.  Plus, they are in
fact known to work after years of interoperability testing.

> asbestos shields on,

I'm not sure whether it's braver to go for complete upheaval and
catharsis, and join in the fray, or to try to take the shortest most direct
route towards completion.  I'm going to stick with the latter.  I don't
have any shields, though, and it feels pretty crispy around here.
I do know that catharsis "feels good" for a while, and might be
satisfying, until the devil which had been residing in the details
begins to re-establish its dominance over results once again.

Given a bit of shared purpose, I think we have the tools at hand to
satisfy the demands which were placed on us last year about this
time, and I think we ought to go down that road as expediently
as possible.

Regards,
Charlie P.




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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Erik Nordmark writes:
 > 
 > >  > A sending a packet to B which causes B to send a packet to C
 > >  > is quite different. That is my concern.
 > > 
 > >    Indeed, however, is this possibly solvable
 > >    by requiring CN to rate limit verifications?
 > >    That is, when a CN sees a new HAO for which 
 > >    it doesn't have a cache entry, the only traffic
 > >    it will send via tha HA is something that will
 > >    verify that the MN is, in fact, reachable that
 > >    way, and that that traffic is rate limited?
 > 
 > In theory yes, but I have no idea what is a reasonable rate to
 > plug into an implementation that runs on everything from my laptop
 > to a 64+ processor server.
 > 
 > Defense against TCP SYN attacks can detect when something unusual
 > is going on (connections in SYN-RCVD timing out) and apply limits
 > in that case.
 > But since we don't want to create state (to avoid DoS) on the first
 > packet I don't see how an implementation can determine when something
 > unusual is going on.
 > This leaves picking a magic "number of new BUs per second" rate out
 > of a hat.

   Hmm. It seems to me that the only that is
   necessary is to make the input effort (BU's)
   from the attacker be greater than the output
   effort (verifies). That is, if the attacker doesn't
   get leverage through his reflectors, the attacker
   would either find some other leverage mechanism
   (oh say, IIS zombies), or just direct a spoofed
   flooding attack directly. 

   I would think that rate limiting would make that
   true. Yes, you may end up with a state DoS attack
   on the refelector, but couldn't its effects be
   mitigated by separate accounting? This is, after
   all, supposed to be a cache.

		 Mike


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address 
 <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Hi,
It seems another way a mobile node could deal with this
reflection DoS is to change its COA through use of its
favorite IPv6 address assignment method. Unless 
the attacker is explicitly notified about the change
in mobile address, it seems it could not know what the 
new address is, and thus the duration of the attack 
is bounded. 

The proposal has the nice property 
of making it desireable to implement mechanisms 
for the mobile to generate "privacy" addresses 
(with random suffix), as 
otherwise it might be possible for attacker to 
guess the new address.
Routers will eventually return "ICMP Unreachable" to CN and 
the later will redirect the stream back via the HA to 
the attacker!!!
If the CN sees this happens many times, it could possibly 
blacklist the HA collaborating with the malicious node.

...Erik (a different Erik)

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> 
> Section 7.3 of <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01> says
>    The BAKE/2 and CAM-DH protocols described in this memo verify that
>    that packets sent to a mobile node's claimed care-of address reach an
>    entity that is willing to participate in the protocol.  If this check
>    was not performed, a malicious mobile node could perform a denial of
>    service attack by asking a correspondent node to send it a high
>    volume stream of data, and then sending the correspondent a binding
>    update that redirects the stream of data to the victim of the denial
>    of service attack.
> 
> But there seems to be a tradeoffs between this type of protection and
> "3rd party reflection".
> By this term I mean X sending a packet to A (with X as the source address)
> which tells A to send packets to B.
> ("Normal reflection" is based on spoofing the source address to cause
> reply packets to go back to the wrong place.)
> 
> BTW: bu3way has problem as well - the BUR sent from the CoA causes a BUC
> to be sent to the Home Address.
> 
> If sending a packet from a CoA (or HoA) to the CN causes packets to be
> sent to the address that was not in the source field, then this is
> "3rd party reflection".
> 
> Such protocol mechanisms can be used to cause DoS attacks against low bandwidth
> nodes as well.
> 
> For instance, assume X and A have 100 Mbps bandwidth between then and B
> only has 100 kbps bandwidth.
> 
> Then X can send 100 Mbps of BU related packets (the first packet in
> an exchange) to A. For DoS reasons A can't create state associated with
> that first packet. If A sends the "response" packet to an IP address
> other than the source address of the "request" then B might see on the order
> of 100 MBps of packets coming towards it.
> 
> And ingress filtering can't prevent this, ITRACE can't trace it back from B,
> etc.
> 
> So I think the conservative thing to do if there is a need to check with the
> CoA as well as the HoA during BUs is to send more packets.
> For instance, the MN could send packet1 both with CoA as the source
> (causing a "response" to be sent to the CoA) and with HoA as the source
> (reverse-tunneled through the HA).
> Then when the has the information from both "responses" it can do the
> actual BU.
> 
> But it still isn't obvious to me that preventing packet flooding
> attacks against a unwilling CoA is a requirement. Seems like there are other
> means to flood a low-bandwidth node.
> 
>   Erik


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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 04:01:46 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
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>    Hmm. It seems to me that the only that is
>    necessary is to make the input effort (BU's)
>    from the attacker be greater than the output
>    effort (verifies). That is, if the attacker doesn't
>    get leverage through his reflectors, the attacker
>    would either find some other leverage mechanism
>    (oh say, IIS zombies), or just direct a spoofed
>    flooding attack directly. 

The way reflectors is used during DDoS attacks (Vern Paxon has paper
on this) doesn't assume any packet amplication.
The reflectors are just used to hide the IP addresses of the slaves.

>    I would think that rate limiting would make that
>    true. Yes, you may end up with a state DoS attack
>    on the refelector, but couldn't its effects be
>    mitigated by separate accounting? This is, after
>    all, supposed to be a cache.

You continue to assert that rate limiting works so I'll continue
to assert that I don't know whether 1 BU per second or 1 million BUs per
second is too high.

   Erik



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address  <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "Claude Castelluccia" <claude.castelluccia@inrialpes.fr>
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Homeless MN is not within the scope of the MIP WG at this time.

-Basavaraj

> 
> > -we wanted to support homeless MN.
> 
> Just a note that as far as I know "homeless MN" isn't a requirement 
> the IETF work, at
> least I've never seen a discussion whether or not it should 
> be a requirement.
> 
>   Erik
>   
> 


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> *At 11:35 AM -0600 12/10/01, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> *>GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route optimization?
> *
> *For privacy reasons, the owner of the mobile device may not 
> *wish to reveal
> *it's current location in the network to its correspondent(s).
> *
> *Steve
> 
> Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling 
> route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address) 
> is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets 
> (with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as 
> source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
> 

You could always reverse tunnel to the HA if privacy was a concern.
So at the cost of having packets tunnelled to you on the forward and
reverse paths, you could achieve privacy.

-Basavaraj

> 
> 
> Alessio
> 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 10 22:19:41 2001
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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 04:16:05 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address  <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
To: Erik Anderlind <eanderlind@lucent.com>
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> It seems another way a mobile node could deal with this
> reflection DoS is to change its COA through use of its
> favorite IPv6 address assignment method. Unless 
> the attacker is explicitly notified about the change
> in mobile address, it seems it could not know what the 
> new address is, and thus the duration of the attack 
> is bounded. 

The reflection attack doesn't necessarily attack small mobile nodes -
it might be public web servers as in the DDoS attacks that was in
the news two years ago.

Those nodes don't want to change their IP address.

  Erik



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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Charlie Perkins <charliep@IPRG.nokia.com>
Cc: Tuomas Aura <tuomaura@microsoft.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] I-D ACTION:draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-00.txt
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> Isn't it true that much of this document deals with reasons
> why it's bad to accept unauthenticated Binding Updates?
> 
> I don't see exactly why we have to keep solving that
> same problem, since as I have noted quite a few times
> we have already solved it by mandating authentication in
> every single revision of Mobile IPv6.


Charlie,

We certainly didn't mean to imply anything about past
versions of Mobile IPv6. Even if we are now putting
infrastructureless authentication (used to be called weak
authentication) to the protocol we realize well that this
isn't the first time someone's come up with the idea that
perhaps the BUs should be protected somehow.

However, we are trying to design the infrastructureless
authentication mechanisms and in doing so we *need* to
understand what the problems are, what kinds of attacks
are possible. Draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-00.txt is an
attempt at that. It does tell you about the dangers of
unauthenticated binding updates. But it also tells you
about some perhaps not so obvious dangers, such as what
could happen to third parties, or what could happen to
an authentication protocol if it didn't take in account
denial of service issues. It boils down to understanding
what "authentication" means for MIPv6.

Please don't take any described problems as claims that
this is the first time they are being considered. This
isn't implied.

I'm looking forward to your comments on e.g. whether
you think all relevant authentication DoS dangers are
listed, whether we have listed all "tools" we have at
hand for infrastructureless authentication, and so on.
We'd very much appreciate feedback on those issues.

Jari



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 21:44:31 -0600
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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
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>Agree. This might put me on Glenn Morrow's FUD list, but here's an
>extreme position:
>

Extreme indeed :)

>I think this is where the IESG must step in. Yes, the MIP wg can go
continue
>using RH/HAO, but I think it has been successfully demonstrated that
>tunneling with the zill/deering extensions can accomplish the same
thing.
>It is the IESG's job to avoid proliferation of duplicate mechanisms.
Better
>one well-known mechanism than a slew of them. Definitely true for
>security and firewalls point of view, so it can be couched in those
>terms.

MIPv6 has been worked on for over five years now. The proposal to drop
RH/HAO is equivalent to going back to square one and starting to
redesign the IP mobility protocol. I think the IESG would be moving
the yardstick on IP mobility a few years back if we decide to take
this approach. If you want the perfect solution for IP mobility, then
we may as well wait for a few more years and wish that an even better
solution for moving packets between MNs and CNs comes up. Or we could
take the current solution with the RH/HAO to completion and see if we
can have a working solution today. 

If you really want to redesign IP mobility, there is nothing to stop
you from doing so. But I do not believe it has to be at the cost of
stopping the MIPv6 work in its tracks. I think we have spent more than
enough time on trying to solve this problem. We have a few solutions
that will fix the problem. Lets get this done now and then maybe go
back to thinking better ways of doing tunnelling and mobility.

>
>Notice that this nearly happened in IPv4 with Dave Johnson's minimal
>encapsulation (rfc2004) but it didn't gain much ground cuz only the
>MIP wg was pushing it. This new zill/deering option is now outside
>the MIP wg, where it should be. MIP wg should just adopt it, help
>spec it, push to put it on the fast-track and get it done. 
>

And spend the next few years without a solution for IPv6 mobility? I
would not even consider this as an option for MIP WG to consider at
this time.

>And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. Anything to make mobility less
>'weird' and more in line with non-mobile wg's (IPv6) will save us
>problems down the road. 

Maybe while the IESG is thinking of deprecating the RH and DO headers,
they could consider a few others as well :( Sorry if this sounds so
negative, but we seem to be digging a deeper hole to get ourselves
into. 

>
>asbestos shields on,
>
>-gabriel

-Basavaraj


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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Michael Thomas wrote:


>  > A sending a packet to B which causes B to send a packet to C
>  > is quite different. That is my concern.
> 
>    Indeed, however, is this possibly solvable
>    by requiring CN to rate limit verifications?
>    That is, when a CN sees a new HAO for which 
>    it doesn't have a cache entry, the only traffic
>    it will send via tha HA is something that will
>    verify that the MN is, in fact, reachable that
>    way, and that that traffic is rate limited?

Unfortunately, each CN could be seeing just a single
packet, while a large number of CNs could be used
by the attacker to send individual packets to a
single victim.

But even so, I'm not exactly sure how serious these
attacks are.

Jari





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Jari Arkko writes:
 > Michael Thomas wrote:
 > >  > A sending a packet to B which causes B to send a packet to C
 > >  > is quite different. That is my concern.
 > > 
 > >    Indeed, however, is this possibly solvable
 > >    by requiring CN to rate limit verifications?
 > >    That is, when a CN sees a new HAO for which 
 > >    it doesn't have a cache entry, the only traffic
 > >    it will send via tha HA is something that will
 > >    verify that the MN is, in fact, reachable that
 > >    way, and that that traffic is rate limited?
 > 
 > Unfortunately, each CN could be seeing just a single
 > packet, while a large number of CNs could be used
 > by the attacker to send individual packets to a
 > single victim.

   If a CN rate limited its BU processing (which may
   be good idea anyway just to protect against
   broken MN's), that means that an attacker
   would only get a fraction of output of each
   CN it contacts. Yes, it's still a reflector
   attack, but it wouldn't even be break even
   for the attacker's effort. This doesn't seem
   like a very fertile ground; you can do the same
   thing source spoofing SYN's probably with higher
   efficiency. It's only if the attacker gets
   amplification that we should worry. 

		Mike


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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Glenn Morrow wrote:

>Thanks for bringing this up. BTW if the definition of location privacy
is just the snoopers then your previous SUCV/anonymity  work could
handle that.

Well just to make it clear, location privacy is not a requirement for
Mobile IPv6 at this time. We had location privacy as a separate work
item in the MIP charter/milsetones earlier but that is a separate
problem and needs to be dealt as such.=20

=20

-Basavaraj

>Anyway thanks again for bringing up this point.=20

>Glenn=20


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<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>

<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4134.600" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV>
<P><FONT face=3DTahoma><FONT size=3D2>Glenn Morrow&nbsp;<SPAN=20
class=3D681390604-11122001>wrote:</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2><SPAN class=3D681390604-11122001>&gt;</SPAN>Thanks for =
bringing=20
this up. BTW if the definition of location privacy is just the snoopers =
then=20
your previous SUCV/anonymity<SPAN =
class=3D681390604-11122001>&nbsp;</SPAN>=20
work&nbsp;could handle that.</FONT></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D681390604-11122001><FONT size=3D2>Well just to make it =
clear,=20
location privacy is not a requirement for Mobile IPv6 at this time. We =
had=20
location privacy as a separate work item in the MIP charter/milsetones =
earlier=20
but that is a separate problem and needs to be dealt as such. =
</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D681390604-11122001><FONT =
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P><SPAN class=3D681390604-11122001><FONT =
size=3D2>-Basavaraj</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2><SPAN class=3D681390604-11122001>&gt;</SPAN>Anyway =
thanks again=20
for bringing up this point.</FONT> </P>
<P><FONT size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D681390604-11122001>&gt;</SPAN>Glenn</FONT>=20
</P></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:15:06 -0600
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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "Perkins Charles (IPRG)" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Erik Nordmark" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
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> 
> James Kempf writes:
>  > Erik,
>  > 
>  > > Do you think the basic 3-way for every update would perform well
>  > enough?
>  > 
>  > If the 3 way update needs to be done for every handover, 
> then off the
>  > top of my head, I think the
>  > answer is no. It would, however, be useful to go through some
>  > calculations to check this
>  > intuition.
> 
>    Something that needs to be kept in mind here is that
>    MN/CN updates are probably a long-haul operation. That
>    is, if you are in any way dependent to their timeliness,
>    to support the needed performance characteristics, you're
>    probably already in trouble because they may need to go
>    half way around the world. 
> 
>    In this light, it may be that in combination with local
>    convergence techniques -- FMIP, etc -- you can take the
>    MN/CN binding update out of the critical handoff path in
>    which case the performance of _any_ of these proposals
>    is moot (handoffwise, that is).
> 

LMM solutions are specifically intended for scenarios wherein your
CN and HA could be distant and it is optimal to limit the number of
BUs that you send to these nodes.

> 		Mike
> 
-Basavaraj


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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Gabriel montenegro [mailto:gab@sun.com]
 [snip]
> And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. Anything to make mobility less
> 'weird' and
> more in line with non-mobile wg's (IPv6) will save us problems down
the
> road.
> 
> asbestos shields on,

I agree with Gabriel, and believe this could be done without slowing
down the spec (i.e., could be done faster than the security).  By
simplifying
processing (and yes I'm saying it does), I completely agree that it
solves
various problems now and probably a bunch more we don't know about yet.

I don't think it puts anything back to square one.

-Dave


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Erik Nordmark writes:
 > 
 > >    Hmm. It seems to me that the only that is
 > >    necessary is to make the input effort (BU's)
 > >    from the attacker be greater than the output
 > >    effort (verifies). That is, if the attacker doesn't
 > >    get leverage through his reflectors, the attacker
 > >    would either find some other leverage mechanism
 > >    (oh say, IIS zombies), or just direct a spoofed
 > >    flooding attack directly. 
 > 
 > The way reflectors is used during DDoS attacks (Vern Paxon has paper
 > on this) doesn't assume any packet amplication.
 > The reflectors are just used to hide the IP addresses of the slaves.

   Yes, this is a legitimate concern, but you can
   do the same thing by source spoofing SYN's. It's
   amplification that makes these attacks attractive
   though.
 
 > >    I would think that rate limiting would make that
 > >    true. Yes, you may end up with a state DoS attack
 > >    on the refelector, but couldn't its effects be
 > >    mitigated by separate accounting? This is, after
 > >    all, supposed to be a cache.
 > 
 > You continue to assert that rate limiting works so I'll continue
 > to assert that I don't know whether 1 BU per second or 1 million BUs per
 > second is too high.
 
   "Works" is too strong a word. "Makes less attractive"
   is more like it. At some level, that's what DoS avoidance
   is all about. 

	  Mike


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Raj,

I agree with your position. We need to get MIPv6 to RFC yesterday,
so that we can start the process of productization and deployment
in earnest.

The place for research work on next-generation mobility protocols is the
IRTF Micromobility Routing group.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: <gab@sun.com>
Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 7:44 PM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling


> >Agree. This might put me on Glenn Morrow's FUD list, but here's an
> >extreme position:
> >
>
> Extreme indeed :)
>
> >I think this is where the IESG must step in. Yes, the MIP wg can go
> continue
> >using RH/HAO, but I think it has been successfully demonstrated that
> >tunneling with the zill/deering extensions can accomplish the same
> thing.
> >It is the IESG's job to avoid proliferation of duplicate mechanisms.
> Better
> >one well-known mechanism than a slew of them. Definitely true for
> >security and firewalls point of view, so it can be couched in those
> >terms.
>
> MIPv6 has been worked on for over five years now. The proposal to drop
> RH/HAO is equivalent to going back to square one and starting to
> redesign the IP mobility protocol. I think the IESG would be moving
> the yardstick on IP mobility a few years back if we decide to take
> this approach. If you want the perfect solution for IP mobility, then
> we may as well wait for a few more years and wish that an even better
> solution for moving packets between MNs and CNs comes up. Or we could
> take the current solution with the RH/HAO to completion and see if we
> can have a working solution today.
>
> If you really want to redesign IP mobility, there is nothing to stop
> you from doing so. But I do not believe it has to be at the cost of
> stopping the MIPv6 work in its tracks. I think we have spent more than
> enough time on trying to solve this problem. We have a few solutions
> that will fix the problem. Lets get this done now and then maybe go
> back to thinking better ways of doing tunnelling and mobility.
>
> >
> >Notice that this nearly happened in IPv4 with Dave Johnson's minimal
> >encapsulation (rfc2004) but it didn't gain much ground cuz only the
> >MIP wg was pushing it. This new zill/deering option is now outside
> >the MIP wg, where it should be. MIP wg should just adopt it, help
> >spec it, push to put it on the fast-track and get it done.
> >
>
> And spend the next few years without a solution for IPv6 mobility? I
> would not even consider this as an option for MIP WG to consider at
> this time.
>
> >And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. Anything to make mobility less
> >'weird' and more in line with non-mobile wg's (IPv6) will save us
> >problems down the road.
>
> Maybe while the IESG is thinking of deprecating the RH and DO headers,
> they could consider a few others as well :( Sorry if this sounds so
> negative, but we seem to be digging a deeper hole to get ourselves
> into.
>
> >
> >asbestos shields on,
> >
> >-gabriel
>
> -Basavaraj
>



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John et al.,
  I suggest having a pre BOF meeting here at SLC. Maybe Wednesday night?


john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

>Hi all,
>
>>My opinion is, among existing working groups it best fits PILC.
>>
>>But, if we want to do a better job (more than L2 triggers), then I'd
>>recommend forming a new Sub-IP working group: IP over Wireless.
>>
>
>Its too late for Salt Lake City & maybe too early for Minneapolis,
>but I think a bof on this general area would be useful.  In 
>NSIS, there is some discussion on if/how you could tie air
>interface (layer 2) QoS properties into layer 3.  I think
>a BOF with some general discussion on the problem area(s), at
>least to give some scope to the problem would be very interesting.
>We want to make sure we don't go 'ocean-boiling' ....
>
>best regards,
>John
>

-- 
Behcet 





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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: Binding Update <--> bu3way
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Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) writes:
 > > 
 > > James Kempf writes:
 > >  > Erik,
 > >  > 
 > >  > > Do you think the basic 3-way for every update would perform well
 > >  > enough?
 > >  > 
 > >  > If the 3 way update needs to be done for every handover, 
 > > then off the
 > >  > top of my head, I think the
 > >  > answer is no. It would, however, be useful to go through some
 > >  > calculations to check this
 > >  > intuition.
 > > 
 > >    Something that needs to be kept in mind here is that
 > >    MN/CN updates are probably a long-haul operation. That
 > >    is, if you are in any way dependent to their timeliness,
 > >    to support the needed performance characteristics, you're
 > >    probably already in trouble because they may need to go
 > >    half way around the world. 
 > > 
 > >    In this light, it may be that in combination with local
 > >    convergence techniques -- FMIP, etc -- you can take the
 > >    MN/CN binding update out of the critical handoff path in
 > >    which case the performance of _any_ of these proposals
 > >    is moot (handoffwise, that is).
 > > 
 > 
 > LMM solutions are specifically intended for scenarios wherein your
 > CN and HA could be distant and it is optimal to limit the number of
 > BUs that you send to these nodes.

   Sure. All I'm trying to say is that the context
   matters when evaluating performance. Real time
   flows are going to want local convergence techniques
   regardless of how efficient MN/CN BU's are. For other
   flows it's not clear how much difference this makes.
   After all, the best policy for short flows is not
   to do _anything_.

		Mike


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James Kempf wrote:

> Raj,
>
> I agree with your position. We need to get MIPv6 to RFC yesterday,
> so that we can start the process of productization and deployment
> in earnest.
>
> The place for research work on next-generation mobility protocols is the
> IRTF Micromobility Routing group.
>

Good point, James. I would add that if effort is applied and MIPv6 gets to
RFC soon, it seems a lot of resources would be freed up to work on other
mobility challenges, including a next-generation solution with all of the
good ideas generated thus far.

However, if energy is applied to getting those ideas into the current
solution, no progress will be made on either goal.

-TJ



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 00:08:27 2001
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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 06:04:26 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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> Good point, James. I would add that if effort is applied and MIPv6 gets to
> RFC soon, it seems a lot of resources would be freed up to work on other
> mobility challenges, including a next-generation solution with all of the
> good ideas generated thus far.

Do you think that the HAOpt+RH vs. tunneling is something that an updated
MIPv6 protocol would do differently? Or were you considering other ideas?

Assuming they are semantically equivalent (i.e. solve the same security
requirements etc) then changing from using one encoding to the other wouldn't
solve any new problem and wouldn't add any capabilities.
But it would require implementations to be capable of interoperating with
both the old and the new encoding.

This isn't an argument that the right thing is to switch to do tunneling;
but it is an argument that this is a "now or never" decision.

  Erik



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From: "Ahmad Muhanna" <amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 23:51:52 -0600
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Hi Henrik;

I am not sure about the mechanism of using challenges from HA. 
If we assume that there is a mechanism to use Challenges from HA, 
we still need to have a secret key between the HA and the MN to use
Challenges.

Regards;

Ahmad Muhanna
Nortel Networks
Shasta PDSN-MIP Development
Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416
amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com



-----Original Message-----
From: Henrik Levkowetz [mailto:henrik@ipunplugged.com]
Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:24 AM
To: mobile-ip
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA


Hi Charlie,

	Ah, I see, then I can appreciate the reasoning. However,
what if one would like to use a pre-existing authentication
infrastructure which was designed to use challenges, instead
of creating a new set of shared secrets, public/private keys
or whatever for use with mobile ip? Might there not be a place
also for challenges from a HA in that case?

	Regards,
		Henrik

> 
> Hello Henrik,
> 
> Since the home agent has a security association with the
> mobile node, and since the registration request has
> replay protection and authentication extension, there
> isn't any need for the challenge.  The whole registration
> message data can properly be considered to be a
> challenge, because of the anti-replay data in the
> Identificatoin field.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 
> 
> Henrik Levkowetz wrote:
> 
> > On going over RFC 3012 and the 3012bis draft, I'm getting puzzled by
> > this:
> >
> > There is provisions for challenges to the MN from the FA, trough the
> > MIP Agent Advertisment Challenge Extension(section 2), and there is
> > provisions for challenges from all entities except the HA and FA
> > trough the Generalized Mobile IP Authentication Extension (section 5).
> >
> > But this leaves the HA hanging in the middle - there's no specific
> > challenge extension for a HA to use, and the Generalized Mobile IP
> > Authentication Extension is not defined for an HA to use.
> >
> > How Come?
> >
> >                 Henrik
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > Henrik Levkowetz +46708321608 henrik@ipunplugged.com www.ipunplugged.com
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Hi Henrik;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>I am not sure about the mechanism of using challenges from HA. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>If we assume that there is a mechanism to use Challenges from HA, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>we still need to have a secret key between the HA and the MN to use Challenges.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Regards;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Ahmad Muhanna</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Nortel Networks</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Shasta PDSN-MIP Development</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>From: Henrik Levkowetz [<A HREF="mailto:henrik@ipunplugged.com">mailto:henrik@ipunplugged.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:24 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>To: mobile-ip</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Hi Charlie,</FONT>
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=2>Ah, I see, then I can appreciate the reasoning. However,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>what if one would like to use a pre-existing authentication</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>infrastructure which was designed to use challenges, instead</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>of creating a new set of shared secrets, public/private keys</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>or whatever for use with mobile ip? Might there not be a place</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>also for challenges from a HA in that case?</FONT>
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=2>Regards,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=2>Henrik</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Hello Henrik,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Since the home agent has a security association with the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; mobile node, and since the registration request has</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; replay protection and authentication extension, there</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; isn't any need for the challenge.&nbsp; The whole registration</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; message data can properly be considered to be a</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; challenge, because of the anti-replay data in the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Identificatoin field.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Charlie P.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Henrik Levkowetz wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; On going over RFC 3012 and the 3012bis draft, I'm getting puzzled by</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; this:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; There is provisions for challenges to the MN from the FA, trough the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; MIP Agent Advertisment Challenge Extension(section 2), and there is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; provisions for challenges from all entities except the HA and FA</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; trough the Generalized Mobile IP Authentication Extension (section 5).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; But this leaves the HA hanging in the middle - there's no specific</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; challenge extension for a HA to use, and the Generalized Mobile IP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Authentication Extension is not defined for an HA to use.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; How Come?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Henrik</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; ------------------------------------------------------------------------</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Henrik Levkowetz +46708321608 henrik@ipunplugged.com www.ipunplugged.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; ------------------------------------------------------------------------</FONT>
</P>

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Erik Nordmark wrote:
>
>> Good point, James. I would add that if effort is applied and MIPv6
gets to
>> RFC soon, it seems a lot of resources would be freed up to work on
other
>> mobility challenges, including a next-generation solution with all of
the
>> good ideas generated thus far.
>
>Do you think that the HAOpt+RH vs. tunneling is something that an
updated
>MIPv6 protocol would do differently? Or were you considering other
ideas?
>
>Assuming they are semantically equivalent (i.e. solve the same security
>requirements etc) then changing from using one encoding to the other
wouldn't
>solve any new problem and wouldn't add any capabilities.
>But it would require implementations to be capable of interoperating
with
>both the old and the new encoding.
>
>This isn't an argument that the right thing is to switch to do
tunneling;
>but it is an argument that this is a "now or never" decision.
>

I think we simply need to focus on the problem that we have been
dealing with over the past year and resolve that. 
There is no reason to rush into tunnelling over RH without a fair bit
of analysis. So the "now or never" question in my opinion does not
apply. Let the IRTF or whoever else wishes to study the implications
of changing from the use of RH to tunnelling for IP mobility do so
over the next few months (or years) and if the outcome of that
analysis says mobility is better done with tunelling, we should
consider it at that time. For now, I would be in favor of going
forward with what has been done (with significant thinking) over a
significant period of time , i.e proceeding with the use of RH and
merely solve the security issues around BU, HAO. 

>  Erik

-Basavaraj


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Dave Thaler wrote:
>
>Gabriel montenegro [mailto:gab@sun.com]
> [snip]
>> And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. Anything to make mobility less
>> 'weird' and more in line with non-mobile wg's (IPv6) will save us
>> problems down the road.
>> 
>> asbestos shields on,
>
>I agree with Gabriel, and believe this could be done without slowing
>down the spec (i.e., could be done faster than the security).  By

Well, if you have followed the MIPv6 trail for some time now, I would
not be as optimistic with your view. The (many) security solutions are
now reaching a level of considerable maturity and I believe we can
reach consensus on solution(s) that can move the current MIPv6 spec
forward.  

>simplifying processing (and yes I'm saying it does), I completely
>agree that it solves various problems now and probably a bunch more we
>don't know about yet. 

Problems that we do not know about yet will arise irrespective of what
solution you decide to go forward with and there are no guarantees
that taking approach "b" instead of "a" will be any better in dealing
with "mirage" problems. So I would not consider it as a factor in
making decisions on what is the route going forward.

>
>I don't think it puts anything back to square one.
>

But it sure drags out the timeline for getting any IPv6 mobility
solution in the
near future.

>-Dave

-Basavaraj


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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Erik Nordmark wrote:
> 
> > Good point, James. I would add that if effort is applied and MIPv6 gets to
> > RFC soon, it seems a lot of resources would be freed up to work on other
> > mobility challenges, including a next-generation solution with all of the
> > good ideas generated thus far.
> 
> Do you think that the HAOpt+RH vs. tunneling is something that an updated
> MIPv6 protocol would do differently? Or were you considering other ideas?

Route optimization and security are a really interesting topic of study,
and I'm sure that some time down the road, we could look back at how
well HAO+RH has worked in the Mobile IPv6 v.RFC deployments, perhaps try
out the tunneling idea in some implementations as well and do interop
testing as has been done with HAO+RH, and maybe weigh that with some new
ideas, to come up with some really good extensions / implementation
Info-RFCs, Mobile-IPv6 v.2, or whatever..

> Assuming they are semantically equivalent (i.e. solve the same security
> requirements etc) then changing from using one encoding to the other wouldn't
> solve any new problem and wouldn't add any capabilities.
> But it would require implementations to be capable of interoperating with
> both the old and the new encoding.

Yes, this is true. And to some extent I imagine that it would be true of
the current situation as well: Mobile IPv6 implementations use what has
been specified since day 1. And OK, let's say that's not such a big
deal, we can with some fixed amount of work, go and change all of these
implementations to use something entirely different. It's also my
understanding that all IPv6 nodes (CNs) are supposed to implement HAOs,
and I would imagine the amount of work to go change all of these
implementations and deployments might be very large, and that trying to
do so might end up crippling any chance of widescale Mobile IPv6
acceptance on the Internet.

> This isn't an argument that the right thing is to switch to do tunneling;
> but it is an argument that this is a "now or never" decision.

OK, I guess my response would be that it is a "justify or never"
decision. Since we're past the design phase, unless an overwhelming
reason to change
an existing mechanism can be clearly justified and defended, there is no
reason to do it.


> 
>   Erik

-- 
        T.J. Kniveton 
  Communications Systems Lab
     Nokia Research Center


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From: "Ahmad Muhanna" <amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "Perkins Charles (IPRG)" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Pete Wenzel" <wenzel@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Mobile IP Working Group <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:57:27 -0600
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Hello Basavaraj;
 
What about the following scenario:
 
1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0.
2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0.
 
3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another
Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0.
 
4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI, PDSN
will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user would have
failed authentication at the AAA.
 
** Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the same PPP
session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3
have the same HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of
0.0.0.0. **********

Ahmad Muhanna 

 -----Original Message-----
From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com]
Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM
To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG)
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question




Charlie proposed the following text:
>======================================================================= 
>
>Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original 
>quote: 
>
>      ....      The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is 
>   actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant 
>   fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented in 
>   the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section 
>   3.7.1 of [8]).  This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
>   Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
>   since those values are likely to change even for requests that are 
>   merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.  In all 
>   other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives   .... 
>
>======================================================================= 
>
>Comments? 
>
>>Ahmad Muhanna: 
>>I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the need: 
>>
>>"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
>>Identification field and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign 
>>Agent still has a pending Registration Request record in effect for the 
>>mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration Request to 
>>the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section 3.6.3[8]). 
>>In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a Registration 
>>Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value previously

>>used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a Registration 
>>Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value STALE_CHALLENGE." 
>
>Regards, 
>Charlie P. 
>
 
I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear as to what
the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I
would recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this
spec. 
 
-Basavaraj
 
 
 
 


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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question</TITLE>

<META content="MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=GENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>Hello 
Basavaraj;</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>What 
about the following scenario:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=938254106-11122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>1. MN 
sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>2. MN 
sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=938254106-11122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>3. 
Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another Profile with 
NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=938254106-11122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>4. 
Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI, PDSN will 
consider this as a retransmission while may be the user would have failed 
authentication at the AAA.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=938254106-11122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>** 
Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the same PPP session 
and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=938254106-11122001>have 
the same HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of 0.0.0.0. 
**********</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<P><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Ahmad 
Muhanna</FONT></I></B>&nbsp;<BR><FONT face=Tahoma><BR><FONT size=2><SPAN 
class=938254106-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
face=Arial>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Patil 
Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> 
Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM<BR><B>To:</B> Muhanna, Ahmad 
[RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG)<BR><B>Cc:</B> Wenzel, Pete 
[RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: 
[mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question<BR><BR></FONT></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"></FONT>
  <DIV><BR><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>Charlie proposed the following 
  text:<BR>&gt;======================================================================= 
  <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your 
  original <BR>&gt;quote: <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
  ....&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the 
  mobile node is <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; actually performing a retransmission, by 
  verifying that the relevant <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; fields of the retransmitted 
  request are the same as represented in <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the visitor list 
  entry for the pending Registration Request (section <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.7.1 
  of [8]).&nbsp; This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
  <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lifetime of the pending registration", or the 
  Identification field <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; since those values are likely to 
  change even for requests that are <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; merely retransmissions 
  and not new Registration Requests.&nbsp; In all <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; other 
  circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives&nbsp;&nbsp; .... 
  <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;======================================================================= 
  <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;Comments? <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;&gt;Ahmad Muhanna: <BR>&gt;&gt;I 
  hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the need: 
  <BR>&gt;&gt;<BR>&gt;&gt;"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request 
  with the same <BR>&gt;&gt;Identification field and the same Challenge 
  extension, and the Foreign <BR>&gt;&gt;Agent still has a pending Registration 
  Request record in effect for the <BR>&gt;&gt;mobile node, then the Foreign 
  Agent forwards the Registration Request to <BR>&gt;&gt;the Home Agent again 
  (see Registration Retransmission, section 3.6.3[8]). <BR>&gt;&gt;In all other 
  circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a Registration 
  <BR>&gt;&gt;Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value 
  previously <BR>&gt;&gt;used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send 
  a Registration <BR>&gt;&gt;Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value 
  STALE_CHALLENGE." <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;Regards, <BR>&gt;Charlie P. 
  <BR>&gt;</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>I think the text that Charlie 
  proposes makes it quite clear as to what<BR>the FA must do in order to 
  recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I<BR>would recommend going with 
  Charlie's text in the revision for this<BR>spec. </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>-Basavaraj</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=000031822-13112001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: [mobile-ip] In search of an implementation
From: Jochen Witte <jwitte@alpha-lab.net>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Hi,

I'm just looking for an implementation of mobile-ip for Linux 2.4. 
Can anybody tell me where I can find one?

Greetings
-- 
Jochen Witte
<jwitte@alpha-lab.net>
PGP fingerprint = 2F92 97EA BB67 E49A EE79  AD55 2FE7 DF05 EA9A 3A32
Keyserver = www.keyserver.net



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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: <jwitte@alpha-lab.net>
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Try:

http://www.cs.hut.fi/Research/Dynamics/software.html

-Basavaraj

> 
> Hi,
> 
> I'm just looking for an implementation of mobile-ip for Linux 2.4. 
> Can anybody tell me where I can find one?
> 
> Greetings
> -- 
> Jochen Witte
> <jwitte@alpha-lab.net>
> PGP fingerprint = 2F92 97EA BB67 E49A EE79  AD55 2FE7 DF05 EA9A 3A32
> Keyserver = www.keyserver.net
> 


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Hello Jari,

Jari Arkko wrote:

> Claude,
>
> We discussed earlier about why there's return routability or not
> at the bottom of these public key hash techniques. Then I said
> the following:
>
> > - In order to prevent trivial DoS attacks against the public
> >   key hash techniques, CAM-DH uses return routability at the
> >   bottom and SUCV uses puzzles.
>
> It seems that I missed an important point though. What CAM and
> SUCV are able to do is to conclusively prove that the sending
> node really came up with the particular IPv6 address in question.
> However, it is still possible for attackers to pick a network X,
> generate their own key and address, and claim to be mobile nodes
> from X. This could potentially be used for something bad, such
> as initiating a session from a CoA and then deleting the BCE and
> bombing X with traffic that continues to flow from the CN to the
> MN.
>
> The prevention of this attack is another reason why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2
> at the bottom: the return routability tests ensure that the attackers
> can't claim to be from X if they really aren't from there (or on
> the path to it).

In SUCV, the 4 SUCVp messages are exchanged between the CN and the
MN (the CoA).
So the MN has to be in the X network (or on the path to it) for the SUCV
exchange to succeed...

The only weakness (i think) is that this exchange might succeed even if
the attacker is on the path to X but
return routability does not solve this problem. In fact what prevents, in
this case, an attacker to choose
a HomeAddress that is also on the path from the CN to X???

I think that return routability might only be useful against an attacker
trying to redirect a "legitimate" HomeAddress...
but SUCV/CAM also solves this issue...

Am i missing something here?

Claude.


>
> Jari

--

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes
ph:  +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/



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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
&nbsp;
<br>Hello Jari,
<p>Jari Arkko wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>Claude,
<p>We discussed earlier about why there's return routability or not
<br>at the bottom of these public key hash techniques. Then I said
<br>the following:
<p>> - In order to prevent trivial DoS attacks against the public
<br>>&nbsp;&nbsp; key hash techniques, CAM-DH uses return routability at
the
<br>>&nbsp;&nbsp; bottom and SUCV uses puzzles.
<p>It seems that I missed an important point though. What CAM and
<br>SUCV are able to do is to conclusively prove that the sending
<br>node really came up with the particular IPv6 address in question.
<br>However, it is still possible for attackers to pick a network X,
<br>generate their own key and address, and claim to be mobile nodes
<br>from X. This could potentially be used for something bad, such
<br>as initiating a session from a CoA and then deleting the BCE and
<br>bombing X with traffic that continues to flow from the CN to the
<br>MN.
<p>The prevention of this attack is another reason why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2
<br>at the bottom: the return routability tests ensure that the attackers
<br>can't claim to be from X if they really aren't from there (or on
<br>the path to it).</blockquote>

<p>In SUCV, the 4 SUCVp messages are exchanged between the CN and the MN&nbsp;(the
CoA).
<br>So the MN&nbsp;has to be in the X&nbsp;network (or on the path to it)
for the SUCV exchange to succeed...
<p>The only weakness (i think) is that this exchange might succeed even
if the attacker is on the path to X but
<br>return routability does not solve this problem. In fact what prevents,
in this case, an attacker to choose
<br>a HomeAddress that is also on the path from the CN&nbsp;to X???
<p>I think that return routability might only be useful against an attacker
trying to redirect a "legitimate" HomeAddress...
<br>but SUCV/CAM also solves this issue...
<p>Am i missing something here?
<p>Claude.
<br>&nbsp;
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>&nbsp;
<br>Jari</blockquote>

<pre>--&nbsp;

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes&nbsp;&nbsp;
ph:&nbsp; +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
<A HREF="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/</A></pre>
&nbsp;</html>

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From: "Casati, Alessio (Alessio)" <acasati@lucent.com>
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Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, deering@cisco.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Well just to make it clear, location privacy is not a requirement for Mobile
IPv6 at this time. We had location privacy as a separate work item in the
MIP charter/milsetones earlier but that is a separate problem and needs to
be dealt as such. 

 

-Basavaraj 

 

Location privacy is not an issue if

we use MIPv6 with Reverse tunneling and no Route optimization

(or, as per somebody's novel definition, no

Route Optimization "both ways"). Is there more work on Location privacy with
MIPv6

you may think about? Or should you mark this as "done".

Alessio 


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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>

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<BODY>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
  <DIV align=left class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2></DIV></FONT>
  <DIV>
  <P><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT size=2>Well just to make it clear, 
  location privacy is not a requirement for Mobile IPv6 at this time. We had 
  location privacy as a separate work item in the MIP charter/milsetones earlier 
  but that is a separate problem and needs to be dealt as such. 
  </FONT></SPAN></P>
  <P><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001>-Basavaraj<FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN 
  class=666311312-11122001>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN 
  class=666311312-11122001></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>Location privacy&nbsp;is&nbsp;not an 
  issue if</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>we use&nbsp;MIPv6 with Reverse 
  tunneling and no Route optimization</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>(or, as per somebody's novel 
  definition, no</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>Route Optimization "both ways"). Is 
  there more work on Location privacy with MIPv6</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>you may think about? Or should you 
  mark this as "done".</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial><SPAN 
  class=666311312-11122001>Alessio&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'Patil Basavaraj \(NET/Dallas\)'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "'Perkins Charles \(IPRG\)'" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Pete Wenzel'" <wenzel@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 07:04:40 -0600
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Ahmad,

Some observations on your scenarios.
 
Ahmad Muhanna wrote:

> What about the following scenario:

> 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0.
> 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0.
>
> 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another
>    Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0.
>
> 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI,
> PDSN will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user
> would have failed authentication at the AAA.

This situation will be treated as a new Registration Request,
independent
of the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the two
requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in this case.

> ** Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the
> same PPP session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same
> HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of
0.0.0.0.

All three requests will be treated as independent registrations. The HA
does not know about PPP, and again uses the NAI to identify the MN.
 
> **********
> Ahmad Muhanna 

Bob

Robert J Marks
Cambia Networks
Office: +1 847 627 3703
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329

 -----Original Message-----
From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com]
Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM
To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG)
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question



Charlie proposed the following text:
>=======================================================================

>
>Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original 
>quote: 
>
>      ....      The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is 
>   actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant

>   fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented in 
>   the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section

>   3.7.1 of [8]).  This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
>   Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
>   since those values are likely to change even for requests that are 
>   merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.  In all 
>   other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives   .... 
>
>=======================================================================

>
>Comments? 
>
>>Ahmad Muhanna: 
>>I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the
need: 
>>
>>"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
>>Identification field and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign

>>Agent still has a pending Registration Request record in effect for
the 
>>mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration Request
to 
>>the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section
3.6.3[8]). 
>>In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a
Registration 
>>Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value
previously 
>>used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a Registration

>>Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value STALE_CHALLENGE." 
>
>Regards, 
>Charlie P. 
>

I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear as to what
the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I
would recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this
spec. 

-Basavaraj



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From: "Ahmad Muhanna" <amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Pete Wenzel" <wenzel@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question
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Bob;

I think our concern here is how the FA handles the RRQ message in these
scenarios.
Let us remember, if it is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate the
user through AAA.
However, if it is considered a new registration, FA MUST authenticate the
RRQ message 
"the USER" before relaying the RRQ to HA.
I hope this clarifies the issue at hand.

Thanks;

Ahmad Muhanna


-----Original Message-----
From: Robert J Marks [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)';
'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question


Ahmad,

Some observations on your scenarios.
 
Ahmad Muhanna wrote:

> What about the following scenario:

> 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0.
> 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0.
>
> 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another
>    Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0.
>
> 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI,
> PDSN will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user
> would have failed authentication at the AAA.

This situation will be treated as a new Registration Request,
independent
of the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the two
requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in this case.

> ** Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the
> same PPP session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same
> HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of
0.0.0.0.

All three requests will be treated as independent registrations. The HA
does not know about PPP, and again uses the NAI to identify the MN.
 
> **********
> Ahmad Muhanna 

Bob

Robert J Marks
Cambia Networks
Office: +1 847 627 3703
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329

 -----Original Message-----
From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com]
Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM
To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG)
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question



Charlie proposed the following text:
>=======================================================================

>
>Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original 
>quote: 
>
>      ....      The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is 
>   actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant

>   fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented in 
>   the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section

>   3.7.1 of [8]).  This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
>   Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
>   since those values are likely to change even for requests that are 
>   merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.  In all 
>   other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives   .... 
>
>=======================================================================

>
>Comments? 
>
>>Ahmad Muhanna: 
>>I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the
need: 
>>
>>"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
>>Identification field and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign

>>Agent still has a pending Registration Request record in effect for
the 
>>mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration Request
to 
>>the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section
3.6.3[8]). 
>>In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a
Registration 
>>Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value
previously 
>>used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a Registration

>>Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value STALE_CHALLENGE." 
>
>Regards, 
>Charlie P. 
>

I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear as to what
the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I
would recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this
spec. 

-Basavaraj


------_=_NextPart_001_01C18258.8BD7E780
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charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Bob;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I think our concern here is how the FA handles the =
RRQ message in these scenarios.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Let us remember, if it is a re-transmission, FA does =
not authenticate the user through AAA.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>However, if it is considered a new registration, FA =
MUST authenticate the RRQ message </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&quot;the USER&quot; before relaying the RRQ to =
HA.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>I hope this clarifies the issue at hand.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Ahmad Muhanna</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>From: Robert J Marks [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com">mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks=
.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj =
(NET/Dallas)';</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat =
Calhoun'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 =
interpretation question</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Ahmad,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Some observations on your scenarios.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Ahmad Muhanna wrote:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; What about the following scenario:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home =
Address 0.0.0.0.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home =
address 0.0.0.0.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out =
that it can use another</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Profile with NAI2 and Home =
Address 0.0.0.0.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk =
about the user NAI,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; PDSN will consider this as a retransmission =
while may be the user</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; would have failed authentication at the =
AAA.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>This situation will be treated as a new Registration =
Request,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>independent</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>of the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will =
not correlate the two</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in =
this case.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; ** Another thing, what about if we support =
different NAIs over the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; same PPP session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and =
NAI3 have the same</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with =
Home Addresses of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>0.0.0.0.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>All three requests will be treated as independent =
registrations. The HA</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>does not know about PPP, and again uses the NAI to =
identify the MN.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; **********</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Ahmad Muhanna </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Bob</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Robert J Marks</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Cambia Networks</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Office: +1 847 627 3703</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Mobile: +1 708 829 6329</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com">mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.c=
om</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins =
Charles (IPRG)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP =
Working Group; Pat Calhoun</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 =
interpretation question</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Charlie proposed the following text:</FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Here is the new relevant text, in the same =
paragraph as your original </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;quote: </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
....&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that =
the mobile node is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; actually performing a =
retransmission, by verifying that the relevant</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; fields of the retransmitted request =
are the same as represented in </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the visitor list entry for the =
pending Registration Request (section</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.7.1 of [8]).&nbsp; This =
verification MUST NOT include the &quot;remaining </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lifetime of the pending =
registration&quot;, or the Identification field </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; since those values are likely to =
change even for requests that are </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; merely retransmissions and not new =
Registration Requests.&nbsp; In all </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; other circumstances, if the Foreign =
Agent receives&nbsp;&nbsp; .... </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Comments? </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;Ahmad Muhanna: </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;I hope you would agree that the following =
change will satisfy the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>need: </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;&quot;If a mobile node retransmits a =
Registration Request with the same </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;Identification field and the same Challenge =
extension, and the Foreign</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;Agent still has a pending Registration =
Request record in effect for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards =
the Registration Request</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;the Home Agent again (see Registration =
Retransmission, section</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>3.6.3[8]). </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;In all other circumstances, if the Foreign =
Agent receives a</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Registration </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;Request with a Challenge extension =
containing a Challenge value</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>previously </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent =
SHOULD send a Registration</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&gt;Reply to the mobile node containing the Code =
value STALE_CHALLENGE.&quot; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Regards, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Charlie P. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite =
clear as to what</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a =
retransmission. So I</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>would recommend going with Charlie's text in the =
revision for this</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>spec. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-Basavaraj</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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Erik,

Arguably, deployment of MIPv4 was hindered by the fact that it was
developed long after IPv4 was deployed. With
MIPv6, we have the opportunity to correct this situation. IPv6 may be a
curiosity in the US, primarily of interest
for toasters and refrigerators, but in China and Japan, it is a vital
part of providing people with basic Internet
service. The Japanese government has started giving tax relief to ISPs
that offer IPv6 service, for example. Since most people in China and
Japan are looking for mobile Internet service, getting MIPv6 to proposed
standard is crucial in speeding deployment of basic Internet service in
Asia.

If we start discussing using tunneling instead of header options for
MIPv6, we are looking at a minimum 3 year
delay before MIPv6 is ready for serious product implementation and
widespread deployment. Considering
the 9 month delay that the BU security problem has thrown into MIPv6,
I'd estimate 6 months to a year to
weigh requirements and decide among competing proposals, 6 months to a
year to get prototype implementations
ready and do interoperability testing, and 6 months to a year for the WG
to finish up loose ends and the IESG
to weigh and approve the result. This is simply unacceptable.

IMHO, unless it is impossible to provide the required level of security
with the existing design, we should fix the security problems and get
MIPv6 to proposed standard as soon as possible, so non-US wireless ISPs
have an opportunity to start deployment. Otherwise, they are going to
start seriously looking at GPRS integration with wireless LAN and other
non-IP based solutions that are here today. Meanwhile, we should start
working on next generation micromobility routing in the IRTF, with the
goal of having a solution ready for the IETF within 3 to 5 years.

                jak





----- Original Message -----
From: "Erik Nordmark" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
To: <TJ@Kniveton.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 9:04 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling


> > Good point, James. I would add that if effort is applied and MIPv6
gets to
> > RFC soon, it seems a lot of resources would be freed up to work on
other
> > mobility challenges, including a next-generation solution with all
of the
> > good ideas generated thus far.
>
> Do you think that the HAOpt+RH vs. tunneling is something that an
updated
> MIPv6 protocol would do differently? Or were you considering other
ideas?
>
> Assuming they are semantically equivalent (i.e. solve the same
security
> requirements etc) then changing from using one encoding to the other
wouldn't
> solve any new problem and wouldn't add any capabilities.
> But it would require implementations to be capable of interoperating
with
> both the old and the new encoding.
>
> This isn't an argument that the right thing is to switch to do
tunneling;
> but it is an argument that this is a "now or never" decision.
>
>   Erik
>
>



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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Erik,

Comments labeled GM2] below: 
 
> > >  - What happens if the MN moves away and other MN appears and 
> > > acquires the same
> > >    CoA?
> > 
> > GM]The new mobile would have a new home address which could 
> be used to
> > distinguish the two.
> 
> Yes, but that home address would not be contained in the packet.
> So when the CN receives a packet from a CoA how can it tell that
> the CoA->HoA mapping has changed?
> 

GM2] See the next sentence. You have to authorize the redirection if you are
going to mandate the reflector check. So let me put it this way. If the HAO
is there in every packet, you still have to have something extra i.e. some
sort of credentials, cookie or digest in some sort of signaling to allow the
CN to verify that the MN is on the level during a handoff. I.e. you do need
the home address on this signaling exchange. The HOA is redundant on
subsequent bearer packets between the MN and CN. If route optimization is
being done then the routing header containing the home address is also
redundant.

> > The home address would have had to be conveyed via some
> > signaling i.e. something like a binding update and the 
> cache maintained.
> > This signaling needs to be authorized and authenticated in 
> order to protect
> > against a mobile binding another mobile's home address to a 
> particular COA.
> 
> Yes, but who would do this binding update when?
> The old "owner" of the CoA might have just walked out of radio range.
> The new "owner" of the CoA doesn't know which CNs might have 
> a binding cache
> entry.
> 
> BTW: I think it would be useful for you to work out the 
> details perhaps 
> as a short I-D.

GM2] It is on the way but I think some people understand this already. If
someone can find a way to do the reflector check in a stateless manner, then
my point becomes invalid; however, I don't know if this is possible. I
certainly have an open mind, though. BTW, which security signaling mechanism
do you think I use in describing the approach? I am kind of faced with
chicken before the egg problem.

> 
> 
> > GM] Why would the mobile not want to use route 
> optimization? I don't see why
> > a mobile would not want to use route optimization with 
> every node if it were
> > available (ubiquitous). 
> 
> Limited resources - e.g. limited memory for the binding update list
> or wanting to limit the total amount of bandwidth or CPU spent on
> the binding update protocol.

GM2] Aaah, I think that if the reflector check is mandated this will result
in the mobile having to keep state and maintaining the state with the CN via
refreshes etc.. So, I guess what I'm saying is that the resources used would
be the same on the MN, as well; irrespective of the tunneling method used.
> 
> > > 
> > > And I can't even imagine what the security issues would be in 
> > > such a case.
> > 
> > GM] As far as I can tell, the security issues are exactly the same
> > irrespective of whether the extra address is sent. The 
> statement doesn't
> > detail any specific issue - by all means, please do.
> 
> I'll do that once there is a complete proposal I can read.
>
 
GM2] Will do.

> 
> 
> > GM]One thing is for sure, though. The layer-5 
> signaling-based node mobility
> > solutions gain in credibility each day the MIP spec is 
> debated over and
> > incomplete. It is hard to tell who on the receiver list is 
> FUDing and who is
> > not. I certainly don't believe you (Erik) are one of the 
> FUD people. 
> 
> Thanks for the confidence.
> I'm am seriously concerned that we need the right security 
> requirements
> for MIPv6 to avoid creating a new tool for DDoS attacks but I 
> do realize
> that I am on a bit of thin ice since, even without MIPv6, there isn't
> a chosen path or paths for tracing back DoS attacks. So there isn't
> a very well known idea of what it means to not make it harder 
> to deal with
> DDoS.
>  
>    Erik
> 

GM2] You have hit the nail right on the head. I think you doing the right
thing but I must say that the right thing needs to be done to IPv6 itself. I
know this may not be your responsibility but nevertheless, there are massive
gaping DDoS holes in IPv6. The fixes for these holes are not backed up by
MUSTs either. Actually some of the fixes aren't even described in IETF
documentation. This is a reverberation about Charlie's point about being
singled out. Pekka has at least tried to point some of the IPv6 holes out in
his ID. For instance compare the DDoS holes in stateless autoconfiguration
with the reflector problem of MIPv6. It seems to me that stateless
autoconfiguration wouldd not have become an RFC under the same scrutiny.
Anyway, sorry about the micro-rant on the "justice due". Your ice is quite
solid, though. You are doing the right thing. I just wish the other groups
would think a bit more about DDoS and put mandates in to protect against it
with the same vigor i.e. do the right thing.

Thanks,

Glenn

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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>
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<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Erik,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Comments labeled GM2] below: </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp; - What happens if the MN moves =
away and other MN appears and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; acquires the same</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CoA?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; GM]The new mobile would have a new home =
address which could </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; be used to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; distinguish the two.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Yes, but that home address would not be =
contained in the packet.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; So when the CN receives a packet from a CoA how =
can it tell that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; the CoA-&gt;HoA mapping has changed?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM2] See the next sentence. You have to authorize the =
redirection if you are going to mandate the reflector check. So let me =
put it this way. If the HAO is there in every packet, you still have to =
have something extra i.e. some sort of credentials, cookie or digest in =
some sort of signaling to allow the CN to verify that the MN is on the =
level during a handoff. I.e. you do need the home address on this =
signaling exchange. The HOA is redundant on subsequent bearer packets =
between the MN and CN. If route optimization is being done then the =
routing header containing the home address is also =
redundant.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; The home address would have had to be =
conveyed via some</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; signaling i.e. something like a binding =
update and the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; cache maintained.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; This signaling needs to be authorized and =
authenticated in </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; order to protect</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; against a mobile binding another mobile's =
home address to a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; particular COA.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Yes, but who would do this binding update =
when?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; The old &quot;owner&quot; of the CoA might have =
just walked out of radio range.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; The new &quot;owner&quot; of the CoA doesn't =
know which CNs might have </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a binding cache</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; entry.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; BTW: I think it would be useful for you to work =
out the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; details perhaps </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; as a short I-D.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM2] It is on the way but I think some people =
understand this already. If someone can find a way to do the reflector =
check in a stateless manner, then my point becomes invalid; however, I =
don't know if this is possible. I certainly have an open mind, though. =
BTW, which security signaling mechanism do you think I use in =
describing the approach? I am kind of faced with chicken before the egg =
problem.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; GM] Why would the mobile not want to use =
route </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; optimization? I don't see why</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; a mobile would not want to use route =
optimization with </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; every node if it were</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; available (ubiquitous). </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Limited resources - e.g. limited memory for the =
binding update list</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; or wanting to limit the total amount of =
bandwidth or CPU spent on</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; the binding update protocol.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM2] Aaah, I think that if the reflector check is =
mandated this will result in the mobile having to keep state and =
maintaining the state with the CN via refreshes etc.. So, I guess what =
I'm saying is that the resources used would be the same on the MN, as =
well; irrespective of the tunneling method used.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; And I can't even imagine what the =
security issues would be in </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt; such a case.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; GM] As far as I can tell, the security =
issues are exactly the same</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; irrespective of whether the extra address =
is sent. The </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; statement doesn't</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; detail any specific issue - by all means, =
please do.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I'll do that once there is a complete proposal =
I can read.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM2] Will do.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; GM]One thing is for sure, though. The =
layer-5 </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; signaling-based node mobility</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; solutions gain in credibility each day the =
MIP spec is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; debated over and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; incomplete. It is hard to tell who on the =
receiver list is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; FUDing and who is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; not. I certainly don't believe you (Erik) =
are one of the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; FUD people. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Thanks for the confidence.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I'm am seriously concerned that we need the =
right security </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; requirements</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; for MIPv6 to avoid creating a new tool for DDoS =
attacks but I </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; do realize</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; that I am on a bit of thin ice since, even =
without MIPv6, there isn't</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a chosen path or paths for tracing back DoS =
attacks. So there isn't</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a very well known idea of what it means to not =
make it harder </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to deal with</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; DDoS.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Erik</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>GM2] You have hit the nail right on the head. I think =
you doing the right thing but I must say that the right thing needs to =
be done to IPv6 itself. I know this may not be your responsibility but =
nevertheless, there are massive gaping DDoS holes in IPv6. The fixes =
for these holes are not backed up by MUSTs either. Actually some of the =
fixes aren't even described in IETF documentation. This is a =
reverberation about Charlie's point about being singled out. Pekka has =
at least tried to point some of the IPv6 holes out in his ID. For =
instance compare the DDoS holes in stateless autoconfiguration with the =
reflector problem of MIPv6. It seems to me that stateless =
autoconfiguration wouldd not have become an RFC under the same =
scrutiny. Anyway, sorry about the micro-rant on the &quot;justice =
due&quot;. Your ice is quite solid, though. You are doing the right =
thing. I just wish the other groups would think a bit more about DDoS =
and put mandates in to protect against it with the same vigor i.e. do =
the right thing.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 16:55:09 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
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> I think we simply need to focus on the problem that we have been
> dealing with over the past year and resolve that. 

Agreed. How to secure BUs and security requirements for HAOPt and RH is
what need to be resolved ASAP.

> There is no reason to rush into tunnelling over RH without a fair bit
> of analysis. So the "now or never" question in my opinion does not
> apply.

The "now or never" means that assuming that "we can change this in the
next version of MIPv6 after MIPv6 has started to be deployed" makes absolutely
no sense.

Thus at some point in time we need enough analysis for the WG to be able
to make a decision.

> Let the IRTF or whoever else wishes to study the implications
> of changing from the use of RH to tunnelling for IP mobility do so
> over the next few months (or years) and if the outcome of that
> analysis says mobility is better done with tunelling, we should
> consider it at that time.

Makes zero sense to me.
Once MIPv6 has been deployed there are close to zero benefits of switching
to use a different "encoding" of the IP addresses that go in HAOpt and RH.
It would cause potential massive interoperability problems unless everybody
implements both the old and new.

  Erik



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From: "Robert J Marks" <rjmarks@cambianetworks.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'Patil Basavaraj \(NET/Dallas\)'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "'Perkins Charles \(IPRG\)'" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Pete Wenzel'" <wenzel@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:07:04 -0600
Organization: Cambia Networks
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Ahmad,
 
I agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that
authentication should be performed.
If a MN sends a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA should
treat it as a new registration.
I guess I don't see the issue.
 
Bob 
 
From: Ahmad Muhanna


Bob; 

I think our concern here is how the FA handles the RRQ message in these
scenarios. 
Let us remember, if it is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate
the user through AAA. 
However, if it is considered a new registration, FA MUST authenticate
the RRQ message 
"the USER" before relaying the RRQ to HA. 
I hope this clarifies the issue at hand. 

Thanks; 

Ahmad Muhanna 


-----Original Message----- 
From: Robert J Marks [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM 
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 
'Perkins Charles (IPRG)' 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun' 
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 


Ahmad, 

Some observations on your scenarios. 
  
Ahmad Muhanna wrote: 

> What about the following scenario: 

> 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another 
>    Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI, 
> PDSN will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user 
> would have failed authentication at the AAA. 

This situation will be treated as a new Registration Request, 
independent 
of the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the two

requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in this case. 

> ** Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the 
> same PPP session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same 
> HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of 
0.0.0.0. 

All three requests will be treated as independent registrations. The HA 
does not know about PPP, and again uses the NAI to identify the MN. 
  
> ********** 
> Ahmad Muhanna 

Bob 

Robert J Marks 
Cambia Networks 
Office: +1 847 627 3703 
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329 

 -----Original Message----- 
From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM 
To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG) 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun

Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 



Charlie proposed the following text: 
>=======================================================================


> 
>Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original 
>quote: 
> 
>      ....      The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is 
>   actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant


>   fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented in 
>   the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section


>   3.7.1 of [8]).  This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
>   Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
>   since those values are likely to change even for requests that are 
>   merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.  In all 
>   other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives   .... 
> 
>=======================================================================


> 
>Comments? 
> 
>>Ahmad Muhanna: 
>>I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the 
need: 
>> 
>>"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
>>Identification field and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign


>>Agent still has a pending Registration Request record in effect for 
the 
>>mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration Request 
to 
>>the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section 
3.6.3[8]). 
>>In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a 
Registration 
>>Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value 
previously 
>>used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a Registration


>>Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value STALE_CHALLENGE." 
> 
>Regards, 
>Charlie P. 
> 

I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear as to what 
the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I 
would recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this 
spec. 

-Basavaraj 


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<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<TITLE>Message</TITLE>

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<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Ahmad,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>I=20
agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that=20
authentication&nbsp;should be performed.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>If a=20
MN sends&nbsp;a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA should =
treat it as=20
a new registration.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>I=20
</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff=20
size=3D2>guess I don't see the issue.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Bob</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=3DTahoma><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial=20
color=3D#0000ff>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DTahoma><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D307445515-11122001></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DTahoma><FONT size=3D2><B>From:</B> Ahmad=20
Muhanna<BR></DIV></FONT></FONT>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Bob;</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>I think our concern here is how the FA handles the =
RRQ message=20
  in these scenarios.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Let us remember, if it =
is a=20
  re-transmission, FA does not authenticate the user through AAA.</FONT> =

  <BR><FONT size=3D2>However, if it is considered a new registration, FA =
MUST=20
  authenticate the RRQ message </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>"the USER" =
before=20
  relaying the RRQ to HA.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>I hope this =
clarifies the=20
  issue at hand.</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Thanks;</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Ahmad Muhanna</FONT> </P><BR>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>From:=20
  Robert J Marks [<A=20
  =
href=3D"mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com">mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.=
com</A>]</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj=20
  (NET/Dallas)';</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>'Perkins Charles =
(IPRG)'</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat =
Calhoun'</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 =
interpretation=20
  question</FONT> </P><BR>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Ahmad,</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Some observations on your scenarios.</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Ahmad Muhanna wrote:</FONT> =
</P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; What about the following scenario:</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home =
Address=20
  0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ =
with NAI1,=20
  Home address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt; 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it =
can use=20
  another</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Profile with =
NAI2 and=20
  Home Address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt; 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about =
the user=20
  NAI,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; PDSN will consider this as a =
retransmission=20
  while may be the user</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; would have failed =

  authentication at the AAA.</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>This situation will be treated as a new Registration =

  Request,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>independent</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>of the=20
  request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the =
two</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in =
this=20
  case.</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; ** Another thing, what about if we support =
different NAIs=20
  over the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; same PPP session and let us =
say NAI1,=20
  NAI2, and NAI3 have the same</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; HA and all =

  requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>0.0.0.0.</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>All three requests will be treated as independent=20
  registrations. The HA</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>does not know about =
PPP, and=20
  again uses the NAI to identify the MN.</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; **********</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; =
Ahmad Muhanna=20
  </FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Bob</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Robert J Marks</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Cambia =
Networks</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>Office: +1 847 627 3703</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>Mobile: +1=20
  708 829 6329</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>From:=20
  Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [<A=20
  =
href=3D"mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com">mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.co=
m</A>]</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles =
(IPRG)</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP =
Working Group;=20
  Pat Calhoun</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT =
- rfc3012=20
  interpretation question</FONT> </P><BR><BR>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>Charlie proposed the following text:</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
  =
size=3D2>&gt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D</FONT>=20
  </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;Here is the new =
relevant=20
  text, in the same paragraph as your original </FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;quote: </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
....&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
  The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; actually performing a retransmission, by =
verifying=20
  that the relevant</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; fields of the retransmitted request =
are the=20
  same as represented in </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the =
visitor=20
  list entry for the pending Registration Request (section</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.7.1 of [8]).&nbsp; This =
verification MUST=20
  NOT include the "remaining </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Lifetime=20
  of the pending registration", or the Identification field =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; since those values are likely to change even =
for=20
  requests that are </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; merely=20
  retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.&nbsp; In all=20
  </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; other circumstances, if the =
Foreign=20
  Agent receives&nbsp;&nbsp; .... </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
  =
size=3D2>&gt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D</FONT>=20
  </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;Comments? =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Ahmad Muhanna: =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&gt;I hope you would agree that the following change will =
satisfy=20
  the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>need: </FONT><BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt;&gt;</FONT>=20
  <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;"If a mobile node retransmits a =
Registration Request=20
  with the same </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Identification field =
and the=20
  same Challenge extension, and the Foreign</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Agent still has a pending Registration =
Request record=20
  in effect for</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>the </FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&gt;mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the =
Registration=20
  Request</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>to </FONT><BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt;&gt;the Home=20
  Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section</FONT> <BR><FONT =

  size=3D2>3.6.3[8]). </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;In all other =
circumstances,=20
  if the Foreign Agent receives a</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Registration =

  </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Request with a Challenge extension =
containing=20
  a Challenge value</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>previously =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&gt;used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD =
send a=20
  Registration</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Reply to the mobile node containing the Code =
value=20
  STALE_CHALLENGE." </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;Regards, </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;Charlie P. =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
  size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it =
quite clear as=20
  to what</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>the FA must do in order to =
recognize, if it is=20
  a retransmission. So I</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>would recommend going =
with=20
  Charlie's text in the revision for this</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>spec.=20
  </FONT></P>
  <P><FONT size=3D2>-Basavaraj</FONT> </P></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 17:14:08 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: "T.J. Kniveton" <TJ@Kniveton.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> Route optimization and security are a really interesting topic of study,
> and I'm sure that some time down the road, we could look back at how
> well HAO+RH has worked in the Mobile IPv6 v.RFC deployments, perhaps try
> out the tunneling idea in some implementations as well and do interop
> testing as has been done with HAO+RH, and maybe weigh that with some new
> ideas, to come up with some really good extensions / implementation
> Info-RFCs, Mobile-IPv6 v.2, or whatever..

With a potential MIPV6.2 using tunneling would you obsolete MIPV6.1
(using HAOpt/RH)? Or require that everybody implement both?


> Yes, this is true. And to some extent I imagine that it would be true of
> the current situation as well: Mobile IPv6 implementations use what has
> been specified since day 1. And OK, let's say that's not such a big
> deal, we can with some fixed amount of work, go and change all of these
> implementations to use something entirely different. It's also my
> understanding that all IPv6 nodes (CNs) are supposed to implement HAOs,
> and I would imagine the amount of work to go change all of these
> implementations and deployments might be very large, and that trying to
> do so might end up crippling any chance of widescale Mobile IPv6
> acceptance on the Internet.

The CNs that implement HAOpts today are unlikely to satisfy the security 
requirements around those options since the draft has said it is ok to accept
HAOpt without any checks.
Thus all those CNs need to be updated in any case.
(In the interest of full disclosure I did implement HAOpt processing in
Solaris 8 per the I-D at the time.)

> OK, I guess my response would be that it is a "justify or never"
> decision. Since we're past the design phase, unless an overwhelming
> reason to change
> an existing mechanism can be clearly justified and defended, there is no
> reason to do it.

I agree that the pronents for making the change need to make the arguments.
I do observe that such suggestions were made to the MIP mailing list
about 2 years ago which met utter silence.

   Erik



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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, deering@cisco.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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The deal was that after the MIPv6 spec is a proposed standard, we can start
addressing the simultaneous operation of LP and RO. This agreement was made
some two years ago. We didn't think the spec would take that long. I think
this simultaneous operation is what was meant by the statement below.

-----Original Message-----
From: Casati, Alessio (Alessio) [mailto:acasati@lucent.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 6:18 AM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Cc: Erik Nordmark; deering@cisco.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling





Well just to make it clear, location privacy is not a requirement for Mobile
IPv6 at this time. We had location privacy as a separate work item in the
MIP charter/milsetones earlier but that is a separate problem and needs to
be dealt as such. 

 

-Basavaraj 

 

Location privacy is not an issue if

we use MIPv6 with Reverse tunneling and no Route optimization

(or, as per somebody's novel definition, no

Route Optimization "both ways"). Is there more work on Location privacy with
MIPv6

you may think about? Or should you mark this as "done".

Alessio 


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<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=247053016-11122001>The 
deal was that after the MIPv6 spec is a proposed standard, we can start 
addressing the&nbsp;simultaneous operation of LP and RO. This agreement was made 
some&nbsp;two years ago. We didn't think the&nbsp;spec&nbsp;would take that 
long. I think this simultaneous operation is what was meant by the statement 
below.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Casati, Alessio (Alessio) 
  [mailto:acasati@lucent.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, December 11, 2001 6:18 
  AM<BR><B>To:</B> 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'<BR><B>Cc:</B> Erik Nordmark; 
  deering@cisco.com<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs 
  tunneling<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <BLOCKQUOTE 
  style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
    <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
    size=2></DIV></FONT>
    <DIV>
    <P><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT size=2>Well just to make it clear, 
    location privacy is not a requirement for Mobile IPv6 at this time. We had 
    location privacy as a separate work item in the MIP charter/milsetones 
    earlier but that is a separate problem and needs to be dealt as such. 
    </FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001>-Basavaraj<FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN 
    class=666311312-11122001>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN 
    class=666311312-11122001></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>Location 
    privacy&nbsp;is&nbsp;not an issue if</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>we use&nbsp;MIPv6 with Reverse 
    tunneling and no Route optimization</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>(or, as per somebody's novel 
    definition, no</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>Route Optimization "both 
    ways"). Is there more work on Location privacy with 
    MIPv6</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN class=666311312-11122001>you may think about? Or should 
    you mark this as "done".</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2><SPAN class=681390604-11122001><FONT face=Arial 
    color=#0000ff><SPAN 
    class=666311312-11122001>Alessio&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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All we are seeing is IPv6 being reduced to IPv4 with expanded address space.
You are just seeing the RH being nuked for the fast-path. Perhaps we should
have seen it coming.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com]
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 9:45 PM
> To: mobile-ip
> Cc: gab
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> >Agree. This might put me on Glenn Morrow's FUD list, but here's an
> >extreme position:
> >
> 
> Extreme indeed :)
> 
> >I think this is where the IESG must step in. Yes, the MIP wg can go
> continue
> >using RH/HAO, but I think it has been successfully demonstrated that
> >tunneling with the zill/deering extensions can accomplish the same
> thing.
> >It is the IESG's job to avoid proliferation of duplicate mechanisms.
> Better
> >one well-known mechanism than a slew of them. Definitely true for
> >security and firewalls point of view, so it can be couched in those
> >terms.
> 
> MIPv6 has been worked on for over five years now. The proposal to drop
> RH/HAO is equivalent to going back to square one and starting to
> redesign the IP mobility protocol. I think the IESG would be moving
> the yardstick on IP mobility a few years back if we decide to take
> this approach. If you want the perfect solution for IP mobility, then
> we may as well wait for a few more years and wish that an even better
> solution for moving packets between MNs and CNs comes up. Or we could
> take the current solution with the RH/HAO to completion and see if we
> can have a working solution today. 
> 
> If you really want to redesign IP mobility, there is nothing to stop
> you from doing so. But I do not believe it has to be at the cost of
> stopping the MIPv6 work in its tracks. I think we have spent more than
> enough time on trying to solve this problem. We have a few solutions
> that will fix the problem. Lets get this done now and then maybe go
> back to thinking better ways of doing tunnelling and mobility.
> 
> >
> >Notice that this nearly happened in IPv4 with Dave Johnson's minimal
> >encapsulation (rfc2004) but it didn't gain much ground cuz only the
> >MIP wg was pushing it. This new zill/deering option is now outside
> >the MIP wg, where it should be. MIP wg should just adopt it, help
> >spec it, push to put it on the fast-track and get it done. 
> >
> 
> And spend the next few years without a solution for IPv6 mobility? I
> would not even consider this as an option for MIP WG to consider at
> this time.
> 
> >And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. Anything to make mobility less
> >'weird' and more in line with non-mobile wg's (IPv6) will save us
> >problems down the road. 
> 
> Maybe while the IESG is thinking of deprecating the RH and DO headers,
> they could consider a few others as well :( Sorry if this sounds so
> negative, but we seem to be digging a deeper hole to get ourselves
> into. 
> 
> >
> >asbestos shields on,
> >
> >-gabriel
> 
> -Basavaraj
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>All we are seeing is IPv6 being reduced to IPv4 with =
expanded address space. You are just seeing the RH being nuked for the =
fast-path. Perhaps we should have seen it coming.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com">mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.c=
om</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 9:45 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: mobile-ip</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: gab</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;Agree. This might put me on Glenn Morrow's =
FUD list, but here's an</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;extreme position:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Extreme indeed :)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;I think this is where the IESG must step =
in. Yes, the MIP wg can go</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; continue</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;using RH/HAO, but I think it has been =
successfully demonstrated that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;tunneling with the zill/deering extensions =
can accomplish the same</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; thing.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;It is the IESG's job to avoid proliferation =
of duplicate mechanisms.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Better</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;one well-known mechanism than a slew of =
them. Definitely true for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;security and firewalls point of view, so it =
can be couched in those</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;terms.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; MIPv6 has been worked on for over five years =
now. The proposal to drop</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; RH/HAO is equivalent to going back to square =
one and starting to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; redesign the IP mobility protocol. I think the =
IESG would be moving</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; the yardstick on IP mobility a few years back =
if we decide to take</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; this approach. If you want the perfect solution =
for IP mobility, then</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; we may as well wait for a few more years and =
wish that an even better</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; solution for moving packets between MNs and CNs =
comes up. Or we could</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; take the current solution with the RH/HAO to =
completion and see if we</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; can have a working solution today. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; If you really want to redesign IP mobility, =
there is nothing to stop</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; you from doing so. But I do not believe it has =
to be at the cost of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; stopping the MIPv6 work in its tracks. I think =
we have spent more than</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; enough time on trying to solve this problem. We =
have a few solutions</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; that will fix the problem. Lets get this done =
now and then maybe go</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; back to thinking better ways of doing =
tunnelling and mobility.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;Notice that this nearly happened in IPv4 =
with Dave Johnson's minimal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;encapsulation (rfc2004) but it didn't gain =
much ground cuz only the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;MIP wg was pushing it. This new =
zill/deering option is now outside</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;the MIP wg, where it should be. MIP wg =
should just adopt it, help</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;spec it, push to put it on the fast-track =
and get it done. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; And spend the next few years without a solution =
for IPv6 mobility? I</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; would not even consider this as an option for =
MIP WG to consider at</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; this time.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;And yes, we should deprecate RH/HAO. =
Anything to make mobility less</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;'weird' and more in line with non-mobile =
wg's (IPv6) will save us</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;problems down the road. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Maybe while the IESG is thinking of deprecating =
the RH and DO headers,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; they could consider a few others as well :( =
Sorry if this sounds so</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; negative, but we seem to be digging a deeper =
hole to get ourselves</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; into. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;asbestos shields on,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;-gabriel</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -Basavaraj</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 12:19:15 2001
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From: "Henrik Levkowetz" <henrik@ipunplugged.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 18:17:15 +0100
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Well, a shared secret or public-private keypair I guess. The point
is that there are a lot of companies which already have security
solutions in place that provide the shared secrets or public-private
keypairs, but are designed to work only with challenges. For instance
there are ID cards with a builtin chip which can be fed a challenge
and output a response, but the shared secret itself is not available
for use. If we could avoid having to establish an additional security
infrastructure for the MIP security associations, it would sit well
with companies that already have such solutions out there.

Best regards,
	Henrik

Ahmad wrote:
> 
> I am not sure about the mechanism of using challenges from HA. 
> If we assume that there is a mechanism to use Challenges from HA, 
> we still need to have a secret key between the HA and the MN to use Challenges. 
> 
> Regards; 
> Ahmad Muhanna 
> 
> Nortel Networks 
> Shasta PDSN-MIP Development 
> Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416 
> amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com 
> 
> 
> 
> -----Original Message----- 
> From: Henrik Levkowetz [mailto:henrik@ipunplugged.com] 
> Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:24 AM 
> To: mobile-ip 
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA 
> 
> 
> Hi Charlie, 
>         Ah, I see, then I can appreciate the reasoning. However, 
> what if one would like to use a pre-existing authentication 
> infrastructure which was designed to use challenges, instead 
> of creating a new set of shared secrets, public/private keys 
> or whatever for use with mobile ip? Might there not be a place 
> also for challenges from a HA in that case? 
>         Regards, 
>                 Henrik 
> > 
> > Hello Henrik, 
> > 
> > Since the home agent has a security association with the 
> > mobile node, and since the registration request has 
> > replay protection and authentication extension, there 
> > isn't any need for the challenge.  The whole registration 
> > message data can properly be considered to be a 
> > challenge, because of the anti-replay data in the 
> > Identificatoin field. 
> > 
> > Regards, 
> > Charlie P. 
> > 
> > 
> > Henrik Levkowetz wrote: 
> > 
> > > On going over RFC 3012 and the 3012bis draft, I'm getting puzzled by 
> > > this: 
> > > 
> > > There is provisions for challenges to the MN from the FA, trough the 
> > > MIP Agent Advertisment Challenge Extension(section 2), and there is 
> > > provisions for challenges from all entities except the HA and FA 
> > > trough the Generalized Mobile IP Authentication Extension (section 5). 
> > > 
> > > But this leaves the HA hanging in the middle - there's no specific 
> > > challenge extension for a HA to use, and the Generalized Mobile IP 
> > > Authentication Extension is not defined for an HA to use. 
> > > 
> > > How Come? 
> > > 
> > >                 Henrik 
> > > 
> > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
> > > Henrik Levkowetz +46708321608 henrik@ipunplugged.com www.ipunplugged.com 
> > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 12:25:19 2001
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From: "Henrik Levkowetz" <henrik@ipunplugged.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 18:23:26 +0100
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Well, a shared secret or public-private keypair I guess. The point
is that there are a lot of companies which already have security
solutions in place that provide the shared secrets or public-private
keypairs, but are designed to work only with challenges. For instance
there are ID cards with a builtin chip which can be fed a challenge
and output a response, but the shared secret itself is not available
for use. If we could avoid having to establish an additional security
infrastructure for the MIP security associations, it would sit well
with companies that already have such solutions out there.

Best regards,
	Henrik

Ahmad wrote:
> 
> I am not sure about the mechanism of using challenges from HA. 
> If we assume that there is a mechanism to use Challenges from HA, 
> we still need to have a secret key between the HA and the MN to use Challenges. 
> 
> Regards; 
> Ahmad Muhanna 
> 
> Nortel Networks 
> Shasta PDSN-MIP Development 
> Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416 
> amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com 
> 
> 
> 
> -----Original Message----- 
> From: Henrik Levkowetz [mailto:henrik@ipunplugged.com] 
> Sent: Sunday, December 09, 2001 4:24 AM 
> To: mobile-ip 
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] RFC 3012 - what about challenges from HA 
> 
> 
> Hi Charlie, 
>         Ah, I see, then I can appreciate the reasoning. However, 
> what if one would like to use a pre-existing authentication 
> infrastructure which was designed to use challenges, instead 
> of creating a new set of shared secrets, public/private keys 
> or whatever for use with mobile ip? Might there not be a place 
> also for challenges from a HA in that case? 
>         Regards, 
>                 Henrik 
> > 
> > Hello Henrik, 
> > 
> > Since the home agent has a security association with the 
> > mobile node, and since the registration request has 
> > replay protection and authentication extension, there 
> > isn't any need for the challenge.  The whole registration 
> > message data can properly be considered to be a 
> > challenge, because of the anti-replay data in the 
> > Identificatoin field. 
> > 
> > Regards, 
> > Charlie P. 
> > 
> > 
> > Henrik Levkowetz wrote: 
> > 
> > > On going over RFC 3012 and the 3012bis draft, I'm getting puzzled by 
> > > this: 
> > > 
> > > There is provisions for challenges to the MN from the FA, trough the 
> > > MIP Agent Advertisment Challenge Extension(section 2), and there is 
> > > provisions for challenges from all entities except the HA and FA 
> > > trough the Generalized Mobile IP Authentication Extension (section 5). 
> > > 
> > > But this leaves the HA hanging in the middle - there's no specific 
> > > challenge extension for a HA to use, and the Generalized Mobile IP 
> > > Authentication Extension is not defined for an HA to use. 
> > > 
> > > How Come? 
> > > 
> > >                 Henrik 
> > > 
> > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
> > > Henrik Levkowetz +46708321608 henrik@ipunplugged.com www.ipunplugged.com 
> > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address   <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Claude Castelluccia wrote:


>     The prevention of this attack is another reason why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2
>     at the bottom: the return routability tests ensure that the attackers
>     can't claim to be from X if they really aren't from there (or on
>     the path to it).
> 
> In SUCV, the 4 SUCVp messages are exchanged between the CN and the 
> MN (the CoA).
> So the MN has to be in the X network (or on the path to it) for the SUCV 
> exchange to succeed...


Ah yes, but in my attack above X was the prefix of the home network and
it was assumed to be different from Y, the prefix of the CoA network.


> The only weakness (i think) is that this exchange might succeed even if 
> the attacker is on the path to X but
> return routability does not solve this problem. In fact what prevents, 
> in this case, an attacker to choose
> a HomeAddress that is also on the path from the CN to X???
> 
> I think that return routability might only be useful against an attacker 
> trying to redirect a "legitimate" HomeAddress...
> but SUCV/CAM also solves this issue...


Here's the attack:


1. Invent a new SUCV-address (you can do it) of the form X:<HoA>

2. Go to network Y and get an address Y:<CoA>

3. Run SUCV against any CN. This will succeed, because the
    attacker generated the address by himself.
4. Start some session with the CN, using Route Optimization
5. Send a BU to the CN with lifetime 0. This will kill the BCE.
6. CN continues to send a number of packets towards X:<HoA>
    on the open session (e.g. RTP videostream).
7. The packets arrive at network X, and do not hit any
    specific node because in step 1 we obviously can't
    pick any existing address. However, the network will
    be full of packets, and X's Internet pipe may be full.

This attack has a relatively high amplification factor.

Jari




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Glenn Morrow wrote:


> GM2] You have hit the nail right on the head. I think you doing the 
> right thing but I must say that the right thing needs to be done to IPv6 
> itself. I know this may not be your responsibility but nevertheless, 
> there are massive gaping DDoS holes in IPv6. The fixes for these holes 


Very much agreed.


> are not backed up by MUSTs either. Actually some of the fixes aren't 
> even described in IETF documentation. This is a reverberation about 
> Charlie's point about being singled out. Pekka has at least tried to 
> point some of the IPv6 holes out in his ID. For instance compare the 
> DDoS holes in stateless autoconfiguration with the reflector problem of 
> MIPv6. It seems to me that stateless autoconfiguration wouldd not have 
> become an RFC under the same scrutiny. Anyway, sorry about the 

There could still be differences in the seriousness of attacks.
In your particular example, I'm not sure autoconfiguration has
similar global problems as MIPv6 has; the autoconfiguration procedures
are full of holes but can we launch attacks against some non-local
parties through them in an easy way while at the same time escaping
to be located?

Jari




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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 18:53:58 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: Glenn Morrow <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
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> GM2] You have hit the nail right on the head. I think you doing the right
> thing but I must say that the right thing needs to be done to IPv6 itself. I
> know this may not be your responsibility but nevertheless, there are massive
> gaping DDoS holes in IPv6. The fixes for these holes are not backed up by
> MUSTs either. Actually some of the fixes aren't even described in IETF
> documentation. This is a reverberation about Charlie's point about being
> singled out. Pekka has at least tried to point some of the IPv6 holes out in
> his ID. For instance compare the DDoS holes in stateless autoconfiguration
> with the reflector problem of MIPv6. It seems to me that stateless
> autoconfiguration wouldd not have become an RFC under the same scrutiny.

Some people feel that RFC 2461 and RFC 2462 should not be draft standards
since there was no interoperability testing of the suggested security mechanism
(use IPsec). This is a case where we learn as we go along. I think that
earlier it was viewed that limiting the threats to attackers on the same link
was good enough protection.

There are known holes (some documented in existing RFCs)
limited to a single link (neighbor discovery and stateless addrconf).
And the tunneling in RFC 2473 is silent on threats related to
blindly decapsulating received packets.

What other security holes are you aware of?

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 13:36:11 2001
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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 19:32:13 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: kempf@docomolabs-usa.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, TJ@Kniveton.com
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> If we start discussing using tunneling instead of header options for
> MIPv6, we are looking at a minimum 3 year
> delay before MIPv6 is ready for serious product implementation and
> widespread deployment.

Can you quantify where the additional 3 years would come from?
(Or is this a total number taking into account solving the BU
security issue?)

> Considering
> the 9 month delay that the BU security problem has thrown into MIPv6,
> I'd estimate 6 months to a year to
> weigh requirements and decide among competing proposals, 6 months to a
> year to get prototype implementations
> ready and do interoperability testing, and 6 months to a year for the WG
> to finish up loose ends and the IESG
> to weigh and approve the result. This is simply unacceptable.

For BU security?
Or if the WG decides to use tunneling instead of HAOpt/RH?

  Erik



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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 12:44:13 -0600
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While this thread answered the question, out of context, of why a mobile
would not always want to use route optimization, the original context was
discussing the route optimized path between the MN and the CN and the need
or lack thereof for the extra home address in every packet - not the reverse
tunnel path between the MN and the HA. 

To avoid this out of context diversion from the original mail, I try once
again to make the point about the MN-CN route optimized path:

If the reflector attack is to be prevented then state must be installed and
maintained on the CN to insure that an MN is authorized to use the home
address for communications - even on handoff. Because this state must be
installed via signaling, in order for CN to protect against the reflector
attack the home address has to be conveyed in this signaling which installs
the authorization state; furthermore the CN must keep the knowledge of not
only the home address but also the care of address(es) that match up with a
particular home address in order to perform the authorization check on each
packet. Therefore it is useless, redundant and bandwidth inefficient to send
the home address on each subsequent packet between the MNs and the CNs (i.e.
packets that do not contain signaling which affects the mobility bindings
mapping the care of address to the home address). This is due to the fact
that the address binding knowledge had to already be conveyed and
maintained. And finally because this state has to be maintained on the CN to
protect against the reflector attack, if protection of the reflector attack
is mandated, we should realize that this is the same state that would have
to be maintained by CNs in order to achieve route optimization. 

The path between the home agent and the MN is a completely different subject
but before I go off and spend time on a draft describing the above, I would
like to float the question, "Is the requirement for all IPv6 nodes to
support the routing header functionality in question?" If this is not the
case then I suspect the draft will be a waste of time in that someone can
always claim stack size reduction i.e. I don't want to have to support more
than one redirection technology.

Thanks in advance,

Glenn

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari T. Malinen [mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 3:46 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> Michael Thomas wrote:
> > 
> > Steve Deering writes:
> >  > At 6:48 PM +0000 12/10/01, Casati, Alessio (Alessio) wrote:
> >  > >Location privacy is not obtained simply by disabling
> >  > >route optimization: the visited net addr (Care-of address)
> >  > >is revealed to the CN by sending to it IPv6 packets
> >  > >(with source address set to the CoA)... Not using the CoA as
> >  > >source address comes with some ingress filtering problems...
> >  >
> >  > You do bidirectional tunneling through the home agent 
> when you want to
> >  > keep your location hidden from your corrrespondents 
> (i.e., you disable
> >  > route optimization on both directions).  The outer 
> source address in
> >  > the tunneled packets from MH to HA is the care-of address, so it
> >  > gets through the ingress filters fine, and then gets 
> removed by the
> >  > HA as a natural side-effect of decapsulation, before the 
> packet goes
> >  > to the correspondent.
> > 
> >    Right, and I think that given the hazard for the
> >    CN with spooofed HAO, there needs to be a failsafe
> >    way for the MN to communicate with the CN if, for
> >    whatever reason, the CN will not accept the binding
> >    updated.
> 
> However, and this also applies to the early work we've done in
> mobile routers, if the scalability requirement of extending beyond
> infrastructures in authentication are taken seriously, also the leg
> from HA to CN is equally M to N tunneling: weak authentication (or 
> something) would logically be needed even with the reverse tunneling
> via HA.
> 
> >                 Mike
> 
> BR,
> 
> -Jari
> 

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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>While this thread answered the question, out of =
context, of why a mobile would not always want to use route =
optimization, the original context was discussing the route optimized =
path between the MN and the CN and the need or lack thereof for the =
extra home address in every packet - not the reverse tunnel path =
between the MN and the HA. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>To avoid this out of context diversion from the =
original mail, I try once again to make the point about the MN-CN route =
optimized path:</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>If the reflector attack is to be prevented then state =
must be installed and maintained on the CN to insure that an MN is =
authorized to use the home address for communications - even on =
handoff. Because this state must be installed via signaling, in order =
for CN to protect against the reflector attack the home address has to =
be conveyed in this signaling which installs the authorization state; =
furthermore the CN must keep the knowledge of not only the home address =
but also the care of address(es) that match up with a particular home =
address in order to perform the authorization check on each packet. =
Therefore it is useless, redundant and bandwidth inefficient to send =
the home address on each subsequent packet between the MNs and the CNs =
(i.e. packets that do not contain signaling which affects the mobility =
bindings mapping the care of address to the home address). This is due =
to the fact that the address binding knowledge had to already be =
conveyed and maintained. And finally because this state has to be =
maintained on the CN to protect against the reflector attack, if =
protection of the reflector attack is mandated, we should realize that =
this is the same state that would have to be maintained by CNs in order =
to achieve route optimization. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The path between the home agent and the MN is a =
completely different subject but before I go off and spend time on a =
draft describing the above, I would like to float the question, =
&quot;Is the requirement for all IPv6 nodes to support the routing =
header functionality in question?&quot; If this is not the case then I =
suspect the draft will be a waste of time in that someone can always =
claim stack size reduction i.e. I don't want to have to support more =
than one redirection technology.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks in advance,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Jari T. Malinen [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com">mailto:jmalinen@iprg.nokia.com</=
A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Monday, December 10, 2001 3:46 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Michael Thomas wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; Steve Deering writes:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; At 6:48 PM +0000 12/10/01, =
Casati, Alessio (Alessio) wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; &gt;Location privacy is not =
obtained simply by disabling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; &gt;route optimization: the =
visited net addr (Care-of address)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; &gt;is revealed to the CN by =
sending to it IPv6 packets</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; &gt;(with source address set to =
the CoA)... Not using the CoA as</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; &gt;source address comes with =
some ingress filtering problems...</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; You do bidirectional tunneling =
through the home agent </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; when you want to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; keep your location hidden from =
your corrrespondents </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; (i.e., you disable</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; route optimization on both =
directions).&nbsp; The outer </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; source address in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; the tunneled packets from MH to =
HA is the care-of address, so it</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; gets through the ingress =
filters fine, and then gets </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; removed by the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; HA as a natural side-effect of =
decapsulation, before the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; packet goes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; to the correspondent.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Right, and I think that =
given the hazard for the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CN with spooofed HAO, =
there needs to be a failsafe</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; way for the MN to =
communicate with the CN if, for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; whatever reason, the CN =
will not accept the binding</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; updated.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; However, and this also applies to the early =
work we've done in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; mobile routers, if the scalability requirement =
of extending beyond</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; infrastructures in authentication are taken =
seriously, also the leg</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; from HA to CN is equally M to N tunneling: weak =
authentication (or </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; something) would logically be needed even with =
the reverse tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; via HA.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mike</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; BR,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -Jari</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Erik Nordmark
	 <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 13:14:02 -0600
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What prevents a node from obtaining and using any number of free or not free
(i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP addresses such that they can
spoof addresses albeit only on the same subnet IF INGRESS FILTERING is used
on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is not mandated. Use of INGRESS FILTERING is
not mandated, either. What is the interaction with control lists, etc..
etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for anti-mac-spoofing, etc.. etc..
etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most of the holes has expired, perhaps he
is listening and will republish it. 

Ask yourself this Erik, would Sun use it and would Sun want to connect their
5 9's network to a network they have no control over that did use it, as is?
Would a bank want to be connected to a network they had no control over that
used it, as is? Would a government, military department, police department,
fire department, FEMA, etc.. That is if they had a choice. IPv6 is somewhat
of an expensive proposition, wouldn't it be good to build in new mandatory
anti-DDoS mechanisms to help satisfy that return on investment.

Don't get me wrong, I think autoconfig is neat and I like it but it isn't in
any better shape than MIPv6 with respect to DDoS prevention. This is
Charlie's point. I personally think both need to be fixed and backed up by
mandates but I'm amazed that autoconfig became a standard as is in the first
place.


Regards,

Glenn

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 11:54 AM
> To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Erik Nordmark
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> > GM2] You have hit the nail right on the head. I think you 
> doing the right
> > thing but I must say that the right thing needs to be done 
> to IPv6 itself. I
> > know this may not be your responsibility but nevertheless, 
> there are massive
> > gaping DDoS holes in IPv6. The fixes for these holes are 
> not backed up by
> > MUSTs either. Actually some of the fixes aren't even 
> described in IETF
> > documentation. This is a reverberation about Charlie's 
> point about being
> > singled out. Pekka has at least tried to point some of the 
> IPv6 holes out in
> > his ID. For instance compare the DDoS holes in stateless 
> autoconfiguration
> > with the reflector problem of MIPv6. It seems to me that stateless
> > autoconfiguration wouldd not have become an RFC under the 
> same scrutiny.
> 
> Some people feel that RFC 2461 and RFC 2462 should not be 
> draft standards
> since there was no interoperability testing of the suggested 
> security mechanism
> (use IPsec). This is a case where we learn as we go along. I 
> think that
> earlier it was viewed that limiting the threats to attackers 
> on the same link
> was good enough protection.
> 
> There are known holes (some documented in existing RFCs)
> limited to a single link (neighbor discovery and stateless addrconf).
> And the tunneling in RFC 2473 is silent on threats related to
> blindly decapsulating received packets.
> 
> What other security holes are you aware of?
> 
>   Erik
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>What prevents a node from obtaining and using any =
number of free or not free (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP =
addresses such that they can spoof addresses albeit only on the same =
subnet IF INGRESS FILTERING is used on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is =
not mandated. Use of INGRESS FILTERING is not mandated, either. What is =
the interaction with control lists, etc.. etc.. etc.. Are there any =
provisions for anti-mac-spoofing, etc.. etc.. etc.. Pekka's draft which =
detailed most of the holes has expired, perhaps he is listening and =
will republish it. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Ask yourself this Erik, would Sun use it and would =
Sun want to connect their 5 9's network to a network they have no =
control over that did use it, as is? Would a bank want to be connected =
to a network they had no control over that used it, as is? Would a =
government, military department, police department, fire department, =
FEMA, etc.. That is if they had a choice. IPv6 is somewhat of an =
expensive proposition, wouldn't it be good to build in new mandatory =
anti-DDoS mechanisms to help satisfy that return on =
investment.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Don't get me wrong, I think autoconfig is neat and I =
like it but it isn't in any better shape than MIPv6 with respect to =
DDoS prevention. This is Charlie's point. I personally think both need =
to be fixed and backed up by mandates but I'm amazed that autoconfig =
became a standard as is in the first place.</FONT></P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Regards,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Erik Nordmark [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com">mailto:Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.c=
om</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 11:54 =
AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Erik =
Nordmark</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; GM2] You have hit the nail right on the =
head. I think you </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; doing the right</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; thing but I must say that the right thing =
needs to be done </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to IPv6 itself. I</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; know this may not be your responsibility =
but nevertheless, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; there are massive</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; gaping DDoS holes in IPv6. The fixes for =
these holes are </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; not backed up by</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; MUSTs either. Actually some of the fixes =
aren't even </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; described in IETF</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; documentation. This is a reverberation =
about Charlie's </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; point about being</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; singled out. Pekka has at least tried to =
point some of the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; IPv6 holes out in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; his ID. For instance compare the DDoS =
holes in stateless </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; autoconfiguration</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; with the reflector problem of MIPv6. It =
seems to me that stateless</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; autoconfiguration wouldd not have become =
an RFC under the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; same scrutiny.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Some people feel that RFC 2461 and RFC 2462 =
should not be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; draft standards</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; since there was no interoperability testing of =
the suggested </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; security mechanism</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; (use IPsec). This is a case where we learn as =
we go along. I </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; think that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; earlier it was viewed that limiting the threats =
to attackers </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; on the same link</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; was good enough protection.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; There are known holes (some documented in =
existing RFCs)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; limited to a single link (neighbor discovery =
and stateless addrconf).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; And the tunneling in RFC 2473 is silent on =
threats related to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; blindly decapsulating received packets.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; What other security holes are you aware =
of?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Erik</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: jari.arkko@piuha.net
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Erik Nordmark
	 <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 13:59:11 -0600
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Jari,

Perhaps you are right. Your statement below assumes that at least RFP checks
are  being used on all 1st hop interfaces. Earlier on the IPv6 mail list and
the itrace maillist, it was brought up that topological checks should be
mandated on the first hop for IPv6. But an argument came up that FIB caches
may expire and so there may be no knowledge of whether a router is a first
hop or not. One could; however, detect the use of autoconfig on interfaces
and then have a pretty good idea that the router was a first hop. This
autoconfig detection could turn on topoligical correctness checks such as
RFP. It could also be a MUST that this happen. This would fill holes and
make your statement 100% true. It seems to me that this type of thing is
implementable and keeps the stateless nature of autoconfig intact.

I'm sure there are other more granular stateful things such as control
list/MAC spoofing checks that could be done as well but that wouldn't
exactly be stateless anymore nor conform to the high fidelity definition of
scalability. They still might provide for plug and play, though. This sort
of thing is a different beast, though. 

Again, your statement is true if topology checks are mandated on the 1st
hop. 

Glenn
 
> 
> There could still be differences in the seriousness of attacks.
> In your particular example, I'm not sure autoconfiguration has
> similar global problems as MIPv6 has; the autoconfiguration procedures
> are full of holes but can we launch attacks against some non-local
> parties through them in an easy way while at the same time escaping
> to be located?
> 
> Jari
> 
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Jari,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Perhaps you are right. Your statement below assumes =
that at least RFP checks are&nbsp; being used on all 1st hop =
interfaces. Earlier on the IPv6 mail list and the itrace maillist, it =
was brought up that topological checks should be mandated on the first =
hop for IPv6. But an argument came up that FIB caches may expire and so =
there may be no knowledge of whether a router is a first hop or not. =
One could; however, detect the use of autoconfig on interfaces and then =
have a pretty good idea that the router was a first hop. This =
autoconfig detection could turn on topoligical correctness checks such =
as RFP. It could also be a MUST that this happen. This would fill holes =
and make your statement 100% true. It seems to me that this type of =
thing is implementable and keeps the stateless nature of autoconfig =
intact.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I'm sure there are other more granular stateful =
things such as control list/MAC spoofing checks that could be done as =
well but that wouldn't exactly be stateless anymore nor conform to the =
high fidelity definition of scalability. They still might provide for =
plug and play, though. This sort of thing is a different beast, though. =
</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Again, your statement is true if topology checks are =
mandated on the 1st hop. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; There could still be differences in the =
seriousness of attacks.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; In your particular example, I'm not sure =
autoconfiguration has</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; similar global problems as MIPv6 has; the =
autoconfiguration procedures</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; are full of holes but can we launch attacks =
against some non-local</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; parties through them in an easy way while at =
the same time escaping</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to be located?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Jari</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01C1827E.4D231700--


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From: "Venkata Jagana" <jagana@us.ibm.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's
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>>
>> My problem is only with manual configuration , I agree that
>> autoconfiguration doesn't create this problem at all.

>you are right. but it comes from somebody making mistake while
>manually configuring the address on the MN.

Just wanted to clarify this problem further.

One more thing I must say at this point is that this identified
problem happens not only with the manual configuration of the addresses
of the nodes but may also be with the temporary addresses assigned through
DHCPv6 as long as these assigned addresses do not make use of
the corresponding interface identifier.

Thanks,
Venkat

>
> Also, the 'S' bit doesn't solve the problem, it is not defending all the
> addresses, the 'S' bit is used for tunnelling packets with any of the
many
> home addresses values based on the prefixes supported, instead of just
the
> home address.

acutally section 9.1 talks about creating a binding cache entry for
each address that can be derived from other prefixes on the home link.
and when you talk about creating a binding cache entry, it also means
that the home agent is defending that particular address. it answers
to neighbor solicitations for that address. otherwise the packets
would never reach the home agent and would never be tunneled to the
mobile node.

so we can assume the if the 'S' bit is not set in the BU, the home agent
defends and creats a binding cache entry for each address that can be
derived from other prefixes on the home link. if the wording is not
clear
maybe we can add some text.

>
> > this is based on the common policy where DAD is only performed on
> link-local addresses *and* no address uses a different interface ID.
>
> If this restriction is enforced, this problem does not exist. But that is
> exactly what I am trying to find out. If a node can configure an address
> with a different interface identifier, then DAD should be done on all
> addresses values.

I am not sure about the answer to this question. maybe others can
comment on this.

Vijay

>
> Please let me know if this is wrong in any way.
>
> Thanks,
>
> - KK
>
>
>                     Vijay Devarapalli
>                     <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>         To:
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>                     Sent by:                        cc:
>                     owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.e       Subject:     Re:
[mobile-ip] Question on performing DAD for BU's
>                     ng.sun.com
>
>
>                     12/06/2001 05:20 PM
>                     Please respond to
>                     mobile-ip
>
>
>
> Hi KK,
>
> I think this comes from RFC 2462 which says if you have stateless
> address configuration, its enough if you do duplicate address
> detection on just the link local address. the other addresses are
> a MAY.
>
> heres the relevant text from RFC 2462, section 5.4
>
> ---------------
>
>       - Each individual unicast address SHOULD be tested for uniqueness.
>         However, when stateless address autoconfiguration is used,
>         address uniqueness is determined solely by the interface
>         identifier, assuming that subnet prefixes are assigned correctly
>         (i.e., if all of an interface's addresses are generated from the
>         same identifier, either all addresses or none of them will be
>         duplicates). Thus, for a set of addresses formed from the same
>         interface identifier, it is sufficient to check that the link-
>         local address generated from the identifier is unique on the
>         link. In such cases, the link-local address MUST be tested for
>         uniqueness, and if no duplicate address is detected, an
>         implementation MAY choose to skip Duplicate Address Detection
>         for additional addresses derived from the same interface
>         identifier.
>
> ---------------
>
> And I guess the intention was that Mobile IPv6 did not want to
> specify anything in addition to what is there in RFC 2462.
>
> and regarding more than prefix on the home link there is
> something specified in draft 15 for that. if the 'S' bit in the
> BU is set, the Home Agent defends just the home address
> specified in the home address option. if the 'S' bit is not set,
> the home agent forms a home address from each prefix on the home
> link and defends all of them. and even in this case, by RFC 2462,
> its enough if you do DAD from just the link local address if
> stateless address configuration is being used.
>
> one more thing, in your example below node 'X' MUST configure a
> link local address. it cant configure a site local address alone
> and not configure a link local address. it is there in some RFC,
> I forgot which.
>
> regards
> Vijay
>
> Krishna Kumar wrote:
> >
> > Hi Charlie,
> >
> > I feel there is a small problem in the Draft 15 regarding the address
> used
> > for performing DAD.
> >
> > 1. Page 67 for BU processing says that DAD should be performed on the
> Link
> > Local Address.
> > 2. Pg 94 says that : If some time elapses during which the mobile node
> has
> > no binding at the home agent, it might be possible for another node to
> > autoconfigure the mobile node's home address.
> >
> > A new node 'X' can configure it's address either through
> autoconfiguration
> > (in which case #1 is sufficient), or by manual means. Since the address
> can
> > be configured manually, I feel the specification should be changed to
> state
> > that  DAD should be performed on the Link Local address and all Home
> > Addresses (if Prefix Length is > 0) based on different prefixes
supported
> > by the Home Agent.
> >
> > The reason is that the MN might configure a site local address as it's
> home
> > address and move to a foreign network. Before HA gets the BU, another
> node
> > 'X' manually configures it's address to the site local address used by
> the
> > MN, and it succeeds. When HA gets the BU, it does a Neighbor
Solicitation
> > on the Link Local Address, and since X has not configured that link
local
> > address, it doesn't respond to the NS. Now packets meant for 'X' get
> > wrongly tunneled to the MN. The node X doesn't even need to take the
same
> > site local address for this to fail, it can configure any other address
> > based on the prefixes supported and the interface identifier. In this
> case,
> > after the BU succeeds, any packets meant for this different address
will
> > still be tunnelled wrongly by the HA to the MN since Prefix Length was
> > greater than zero. Hence I feel HA must perform DAD on all addresses
(can
> > be done parallely and probably take almost the same time as it would
take
> > for one DAD) if Prefix Length > 0.
> >
> > Secondly, is it a good idea for Mobility to change the value of
> > RetransTimer to a smaller value like 0.5 seconds or smaller ? This
means
> > faster handoff for the MN.  Otherwise the MN has to wait for
> > 1.5*(RetransTimer*DupAddrDetectTransmits) = atleast 1.5 seconds before
> the
> > MN gets a response, and before it is allowed to send BU's to CN's.
> Reducing
> > this time ensures faster movement mechanism for the MN.
> >
> > Thanks,
> >
> > - KK






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Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 23:19:52 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
To: Glenn Morrow <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> Ask yourself this Erik, would Sun use it and would Sun want to connect their
> 5 9's network to a network they have no control over that did use it, as is?
> Would a bank want to be connected to a network they had no control over that
> used it, as is? Would a government, military department, police department,
> fire department, FEMA, etc.. That is if they had a choice. IPv6 is somewhat
> of an expensive proposition, wouldn't it be good to build in new mandatory
> anti-DDoS mechanisms to help satisfy that return on investment.

While I understand and agree with your desire to improve security
I don't know of a magic bullet to prevent DoS and DDoS. The best we can
do is to minimize such opportunities and try to make it possible to somehow
trace back to the attacker for the other cases.
But the latter part is an IETF wide problem. See ITRACE WG and IPPT BoF.

> Don't get me wrong, I think autoconfig is neat and I like it but it isn't in
> any better shape than MIPv6 with respect to DDoS prevention. This is
> Charlie's point. I personally think both need to be fixed and backed up by
> mandates but I'm amazed that autoconfig became a standard as is in the first
> place.

The significant difference is that the Neighbor Discovery and addrconf
attacks are limited to attackers on the link.
MIPv6 is global by design thus it makes sense to have stricter security
requirements.

  Erik



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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> > If we start discussing using tunneling instead of header options for
> > MIPv6, we are looking at a minimum 3 year
> > delay before MIPv6 is ready for serious product implementation and
> > widespread deployment.
>
> Can you quantify where the additional 3 years would come from?
> (Or is this a total number taking into account solving the BU
> security issue?)
>

See below. These are rough and somewhat subjective estimates,
based on my observation of the time it requires for major
feature changes in protocols.

> > Considering
> > the 9 month delay that the BU security problem has thrown into
MIPv6,
> > I'd estimate 6 months to a year to
> > weigh requirements and decide among competing proposals, 6 months to
a
> > year to get prototype implementations
> > ready and do interoperability testing, and 6 months to a year for
the WG
> > to finish up loose ends and the IESG
> > to weigh and approve the result. This is simply unacceptable.
>
> For BU security?
> Or if the WG decides to use tunneling instead of HAOpt/RH?
>
>

Specifically for using tunneling instead of HAOpt/RH. I think BU
security
could be wrapped up by the end of next year, if the IESG fast tracks
the security review and implementors come back sometime next
year with a clean bill of health as far as interoperability is
concerned.
I think it will take much longer to work thorough the implications
of  replacing HAOpt/RH with tunneling.

            jak



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Hello all,

Can someone point me to a document (RFC, ID, Paper, Book)
which has a collective list of the tables maintained at MIP
nodes? I remeber seeing a paper with a nice graphic
illustration of the different Tables and fields in them,
but, obviously, have no clue where.

I am not only interested for info about the basic MIP, but
also for RO and HMIP. 

Thanks for any help

Vasos Vassiliou
Georgia Tech


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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 19:01:56 2001
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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Mobile nets meeting
Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 00:52:11 +0100
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Folks, 

Sorry for the cross posting. 
For those of you who expressed interest in attending 
the monet bar bof, here is the info:

Day: Wednesday
Time 5.30 - 7.00 pm 
Room name: Fountainblue (3rd floor at Grand America)

Please note that the room is quite small and is based on 
the number of people who expressed interest. 

Cheers,
Hesham


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 19:24:40 2001
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] privacy?
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From: "Hjelm, Bjorn" <Bjorn.Hjelm@alltel.com>
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All,
If also could receive a copy of
draft-castelluccia-mobileip-privacy-00.txt, it would be much
appreciated.

Thanks,
Bjorn

-----------------------------------------------------------------
From the Desk of..

Bjorn Hjelm
Network Planning and Advanced Technology
ALLTEL Communications, Inc.
Tel: (501) 905-8612
Fax: (501) 905-6324
E-mail: bjorn.hjelm@alltel.com



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 20:50:51 2001
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Conflicting Information in Mobile IP Draft 15 ?
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, charliep@iprg.nokia.com
X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.7  March 21, 2001
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From: "Krishna Kumar" <kumarkr@us.ibm.com>
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 17:44:57 -0800
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 12/11/2001 06:48:30 PM
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Hi all,

I have a couple of queries about draft 15.  I don't know if they have come
up earlier so please excuse me if it did.

- Sections 9.3, 9.4 and 10.7 talk of Prefix Length fields of the Binding
Update message. Wasn't this removed after draft 14 ? So is it supposed to
change to reflect the new 'S' field contained in the BU ?
-  Section 9.3, in 2 places mentions that for adding to Binding cache and
for sending NA, the Router (R) bit should be copied from the Home Agent's
binding cache entry for the Mobile Node. Should this be removed since
Mobile Router was removed ?

If this is to be removed, similarly section 4.5 on data structure for
Binding Cache should delete references to 'mobile router' field and 'prefix
length' field.

Thanks for any clarification,

- KK




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 11 22:04:03 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
cc: charliep@iprg.nokia.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Conflicting Information in Mobile IP Draft 15 ? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 11 Dec 2001 17:44:57 PST.
             <OF2379138A.B1B91627-ON88256B1F.007C22BA@boulder.ibm.com> 
Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 04:01:37 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I have a couple of queries about draft 15.  I don't know if they have come
   up earlier so please excuse me if it did.
   
   - Sections 9.3, 9.4 and 10.7 talk of Prefix Length fields of the Binding
   Update message. Wasn't this removed after draft 14 ? So is it supposed to
   change to reflect the new 'S' field contained in the BU ?

=> IMHO this is a mistake (editing error).

   -  Section 9.3, in 2 places mentions that for adding to Binding cache and
   for sending NA, the Router (R) bit should be copied from the Home Agent's
   binding cache entry for the Mobile Node. Should this be removed since
   Mobile Router was removed ?
   
=> the R bit is for neihbor discovery (proxy advertisements need it).
I think this is another editing error with more consequences ...
(i.e. now the MN must be a host :-)

   If this is to be removed, similarly section 4.5 on data structure for
   Binding Cache should delete references to 'mobile router' field and 'prefix
   length' field.
   
=> idem.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: "Ahmad Muhanna" <amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Pete Wenzel" <wenzel@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 22:48:04 -0600
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Bob;
 
By adopting the new version proposed for RFC3012bis, the third paragraph in
section 3.2. of RFC3012bis as mentioned below, specifically identify what FA
should check to determine if the RRQ is a re-transmission or not.
NAI is not one of these criteria.
In other words, if we reference section 3.7.1. of RFC2002 to determine if
the RRQ message is a re-transmission, any RRQ with different NAI on the same
PPP session and using the same Home address still will be considered as a
re-transmission rather than a new RRQ.
 
I hope this makes it clearer.
 

Regards; 

Ahmad Muhanna 
Nortel Networks 
Shasta PDSN-MIP Development 
Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416 
amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com 

-----Original Message-----
From: Robert J Marks [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 10:07 AM
To: mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question


Ahmad,
 
I agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that authentication
should be performed.
If a MN sends a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA should treat it
as a new registration.
I guess I don't see the issue.
 
Bob 
 
From: Ahmad Muhanna


Bob; 

I think our concern here is how the FA handles the RRQ message in these
scenarios. 
Let us remember, if it is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate the
user through AAA. 
However, if it is considered a new registration, FA MUST authenticate the
RRQ message 
"the USER" before relaying the RRQ to HA. 
I hope this clarifies the issue at hand. 

Thanks; 

Ahmad Muhanna 


-----Original Message----- 
From: Robert J Marks [ mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com
<mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com> ] 
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM 
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 
'Perkins Charles (IPRG)' 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun' 
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 


Ahmad, 

Some observations on your scenarios. 
  
Ahmad Muhanna wrote: 

> What about the following scenario: 

> 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another 
>    Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI, 
> PDSN will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user 
> would have failed authentication at the AAA. 

This situation will be treated as a new Registration Request, 
independent 
of the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the two 
requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in this case. 

> ** Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the 
> same PPP session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same 
> HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of 
0.0.0.0. 

All three requests will be treated as independent registrations. The HA 
does not know about PPP, and again uses the NAI to identify the MN. 
  
> ********** 
> Ahmad Muhanna 

Bob 

Robert J Marks 
Cambia Networks 
Office: +1 847 627 3703 
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329 

 -----Original Message----- 
From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [ mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
<mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com> ] 
Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM 
To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG) 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun 
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 



Charlie proposed the following text: 
>======================================================================= 

> 
>Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original 
>quote: 
> 
>      ....      The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is 
>   actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant 

>   fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented in 
>   the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section 

>   3.7.1 of [8]).  This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
>   Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
>   since those values are likely to change even for requests that are 
>   merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.  In all 
>   other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives   .... 
> 
>======================================================================= 

> 
>Comments? 
> 
>>Ahmad Muhanna: 
>>I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the 
need: 
>> 
>>"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
>>Identification field and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign 

>>Agent still has a pending Registration Request record in effect for 
the 
>>mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration Request 
to 
>>the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section 
3.6.3[8]). 
>>In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a 
Registration 
>>Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value 
previously 
>>used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a Registration 

>>Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value STALE_CHALLENGE." 
> 
>Regards, 
>Charlie P. 
> 

I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear as to what 
the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I 
would recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this 
spec. 

-Basavaraj 


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<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=141594604-12122001>Bob;</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=141594604-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=141594604-12122001>By 
adopting the new version proposed&nbsp;for RFC3012bis, the third paragraph in 
section 3.2. of RFC3012bis as mentioned below, specifically identify what FA 
should check to determine if the RRQ is a re-transmission or 
not.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=141594604-12122001>NAI is 
not one of these criteria.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=141594604-12122001>In 
other words, if we reference section 3.7.1. of RFC2002 to determine if the RRQ 
message is a re-transmission, any RRQ with <STRONG>different NAI </STRONG>on the 
same PPP session and using the same Home address still will be considered as a 
re-transmission rather than a new RRQ.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=141594604-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=141594604-12122001>I hope 
this makes it clearer.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<P><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Regards;</FONT></I></B> </P>
<P><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Ahmad Muhanna</FONT></I></B> 
<BR><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Nortel 
Networks</FONT></I></B> <BR><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman" 
size=2>Shasta PDSN-MIP Development</FONT></I> <BR><I><B><FONT color=#0000ff 
face="Book Antiqua" size=2>Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416</FONT></B></I> 
<BR><I><B><FONT color=#0000ff face="Book Antiqua" 
size=2>amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com</FONT></B></I> </P>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV align=left class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Robert J Marks 
  [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, December 11, 2001 
  10:07 AM<BR><B>To:</B> mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins 
  Charles (IPRG)'<BR><B>Cc:</B> Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat 
  Calhoun'<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation 
  question<BR><BR></DIV></FONT>
  <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2>Ahmad,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>I 
  agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that 
  authentication&nbsp;should be performed.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>If a 
  MN sends&nbsp;a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA should treat it 
  as a new registration.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>I 
  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2>guess I don't see the issue.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2>Bob</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT size=2><SPAN 
  class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
  face=Arial>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT size=2><SPAN 
  class=307445515-11122001></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT size=2><B>From:</B> Ahmad 
  Muhanna<BR></DIV></FONT></FONT>
  <BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
  style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
    <P><FONT size=2>Bob;</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>I think our concern here is how the FA handles the RRQ 
    message in these scenarios.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Let us remember, if it 
    is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate the user through AAA.</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>However, if it is considered a new registration, FA MUST 
    authenticate the RRQ message </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>"the USER" before 
    relaying the RRQ to HA.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>I hope this clarifies the 
    issue at hand.</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>Thanks;</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>Ahmad Muhanna</FONT> </P><BR>
    <P><FONT size=2>-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>From: 
    Robert J Marks [<A 
    href="mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com">mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com</A>]</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj 
    (NET/Dallas)';</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun'</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation 
    question</FONT> </P><BR>
    <P><FONT size=2>Ahmad,</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>Some observations on your scenarios.</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&nbsp;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Ahmad Muhanna wrote:</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt; What about the following scenario:</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt; 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 
    0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with 
    NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt; 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use 
    another</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Profile with NAI2 and 
    Home Address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt; 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user 
    NAI,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; PDSN will consider this as a 
    retransmission while may be the user</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; would have 
    failed authentication at the AAA.</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>This situation will be treated as a new Registration 
    Request,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>independent</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>of the 
    request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the two</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in this 
    case.</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt; ** Another thing, what about if we support different 
    NAIs over the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; same PPP session and let us say 
    NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; HA and all 
    requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>0.0.0.0.</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>All three requests will be treated as independent 
    registrations. The HA</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>does not know about PPP, and 
    again uses the NAI to identify the MN.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&nbsp;</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; **********</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; Ahmad Muhanna 
    </FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2>Bob</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>Robert J Marks</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Cambia 
    Networks</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Office: +1 847 627 3703</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>Mobile: +1 708 829 6329</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&nbsp;-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [<A 
    href="mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com">mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com</A>]</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG)</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working 
    Group; Pat Calhoun</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - 
    rfc3012 interpretation question</FONT> </P><BR><BR>
    <P><FONT size=2>Charlie proposed the following text:</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;=======================================================================</FONT> 
    </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;Here is the new relevant 
    text, in the same paragraph as your original </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;quote: </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ....&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
    The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; actually performing a retransmission, by verifying 
    that the relevant</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; fields of the retransmitted request are the 
    same as represented in </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the visitor 
    list entry for the pending Registration Request (section</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.7.1 of [8]).&nbsp; This verification MUST 
    NOT include the "remaining </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lifetime 
    of the pending registration", or the Identification field </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; since those values are likely to change even for 
    requests that are </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; merely 
    retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.&nbsp; In all 
    </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; other circumstances, if the Foreign 
    Agent receives&nbsp;&nbsp; .... </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;=======================================================================</FONT> 
    </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;Comments? </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Ahmad Muhanna: </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&gt;I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy 
    the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>need: </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration 
    Request with the same </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Identification field 
    and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Agent still has a pending Registration Request 
    record in effect for</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>the </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&gt;mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration 
    Request</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>to </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;the Home 
    Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>3.6.3[8]). </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;In all other 
    circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>Registration </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Request with a Challenge 
    extension containing a Challenge value</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>previously 
    </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent 
    SHOULD send a Registration</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value 
    STALE_CHALLENGE." </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;Regards, </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;Charlie P. </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;</FONT> </P>
    <P><FONT size=2>I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear 
    as to what</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>the FA must do in order to recognize, if 
    it is a retransmission. So I</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>would recommend going 
    with Charlie's text in the revision for this</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>spec. 
    </FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2>-Basavaraj</FONT> </P></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
To: "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <TJ@Kniveton.com>
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> > Let the IRTF or whoever else wishes to study the implications
> > of changing from the use of RH to tunnelling for IP mobility do so
> > over the next few months (or years) and if the outcome of that
> > analysis says mobility is better done with tunelling, we should
> > consider it at that time.
> 
> Makes zero sense to me.
> Once MIPv6 has been deployed there are close to zero benefits 
> of switching
> to use a different "encoding" of the IP addresses that go in 
> HAOpt and RH.
> It would cause potential massive interoperability problems 
> unless everybody
> implements both the old and new.
> 

I understand your point Erik. But what I mean is that we cannot delay
MIPv6 because we believe there may be a better mechanism down the
pipeline and hence we should wait for it. I mean look at the security
WG,
they went ahead and specified IKE and deployed it. And a few years later
they are revisiting the issue.
So while I am not suggesting that we make a decision that we know we
will
regret later, we should at least make a decision based on what we know
now
and what we have in terms of solutions that would allow MIPv6 to move
forward.

>   Erik
> 
-Basavaraj


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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
cc: "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>, <TJ@Kniveton.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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On Tue, 11 Dec 2001, Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) wrote:
> I understand your point Erik. But what I mean is that we cannot delay
> MIPv6 because we believe there may be a better mechanism down the
> pipeline and hence we should wait for it. I mean look at the security
> WG,
> they went ahead and specified IKE and deployed it. And a few years later
> they are revisiting the issue.

Disclaimer: I've not formed an opinion on this matter yet.

IKE may not be the best mechanism to compare to -- it doesn't (quite)  
work.  Do we want the same realization for MIPv6?  If IPSEC people would
now be asked whether they'd like to go back in time, redesign IKE "for
good", taking more time on it rather than getting it deployed, I bet they
would!

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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From: Pekka Nikander <Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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To: gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com
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Subject: IPv6 address ownership and autoconfig  problems (was Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Glenn,

[I am redirecting this to ipng, in addition to mobile-ip,
 since the address ownership problems are a larger issue
 than just a Mobile IPv6 security thing.]

Glenn Morrow writes:
> What prevents a node from obtaining and using any number of free or 
> not free (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP addresses such
> that they can spoof addresses albeit only on the same subnet IF INGRESS 

> FILTERING is used on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is not mandated. Use of 
> INGRESS FILTERING is not mandated, either. What is the interaction with 
> control lists, etc.. etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for 
> anti-mac-spoofing, etc.. etc.. etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most 
> of the holes has expired, perhaps he is listening and will republish it.


The old address-ownership draft is available at
http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/draft-nikander-ipng-address-ownership-00.txt

If there is demand I'd be happy to revise it.  Would it
be useful to revise it and publish it as an informational RFC?
Please note that many of the issues discussed in that draft
are also discussed in my Cambridge Security Protocols Workshop
paper, which will eventually be published in the LNCS series.
A pre-publication version of that is available at
http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/cam2001.pdf

BTW, while you consider ingress filtering etc, you may find
it entertaining to read our recent half-serious half-joking
paper titled "IPv6 Source Addresses Considered Harmful",
available at http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/nordsec2001.pdf

--Pekka Nikander



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From: Pekka Nikander <Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Pekka,

Pekka Savola wrote:

> IKE may not be the best mechanism to compare to -- it doesn't (quite)  
> work.  Do we want the same realization for MIPv6?  If IPSEC people would
> now be asked whether they'd like to go back in time, redesign IKE "for
> good", taking more time on it rather than getting it deployed, I bet they
> would!

IPSEC WG certainly has its own problems, and progress there
is sometimes not quite "smooth", but IKE certainly _works_.  It's
just not very good.  I'd be very surprised to find any considerable
number of people that would have liked to slow down IKE deployment,
it has been slow enough in any case.

If we can finish MIPv6 soon, I'd very much like see that happening,
even if MIPv6 would never be used very much.  It still would give
us good information how to design a better IPv6 mobility protocol.

--Pekka Nikander



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Jari Arkko wrote:

> Claude Castelluccia wrote:
>
> >     The prevention of this attack is another reason why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2
> >     at the bottom: the return routability tests ensure that the attackers
> >     can't claim to be from X if they really aren't from there (or on
> >     the path to it).
> >
> > In SUCV, the 4 SUCVp messages are exchanged between the CN and the
> > MN (the CoA).
> > So the MN has to be in the X network (or on the path to it) for the SUCV
> > exchange to succeed...
>
> Ah yes, but in my attack above X was the prefix of the home network and
> it was assumed to be different from Y, the prefix of the CoA network.
>
> > The only weakness (i think) is that this exchange might succeed even if
> > the attacker is on the path to X but
> > return routability does not solve this problem. In fact what prevents,
> > in this case, an attacker to choose
> > a HomeAddress that is also on the path from the CN to X???
> >
> > I think that return routability might only be useful against an attacker
> > trying to redirect a "legitimate" HomeAddress...
> > but SUCV/CAM also solves this issue...
>
> Here's the attack:
>
> 1. Invent a new SUCV-address (you can do it) of the form X:<HoA>
>
> 2. Go to network Y and get an address Y:<CoA>
>
> 3. Run SUCV against any CN. This will succeed, because the
>     attacker generated the address by himself.
> 4. Start some session with the CN, using Route Optimization
> 5. Send a BU to the CN with lifetime 0. This will kill the BCE.
> 6. CN continues to send a number of packets towards X:<HoA>
>     on the open session (e.g. RTP videostream).
> 7. The packets arrive at network X, and do not hit any
>     specific node because in step 1 we obviously can't
>     pick any existing address. However, the network will
>     be full of packets, and X's Internet pipe may be full.
>
> This attack has a relatively high amplification factor.

Ok that should work but
steps 1, 2 and 3 is SUCV...5,6,7 is IPSec....
IPSec (i.e. BU authentication part) seems to be the problem here ;-)

but anyway you can do much better than that ;-)
Most of the proposed schemes, except BU3WAY, (correct me if i am wrong)
propose a solution to establish a SA between the MN and the CN...then
BU are securized using the generated SKEY....

So what someone could do is:
1- establish a SA with a CN using SUCV/CAM, Bake....
2- Start some session with the CN using route optimization
3- register X  (the network or host target) as your CoA...
..packets will be sent to X!!

I believe that most of the schemes will fail against this attack...(note that
in SUCV you won't
be able to attack a host address but a network).

If we really want to solve these problems, the requirements are then:
1- How to avoid the initial messages to go through the HA before the MN is
authenticated
to avoid "3rd party reflection" (that was the start of this thread)?
2- How to avoid someone generating a fake Home Address and redirect msg to it
(this is the
attack you've described)?
3- How to avoid someone registering someone'else address as CoA (this is the
attack that i've
described above)....
4-+ the initial requirements (i.e. How to avoid MiTM + how to avoid HoA
redirection....)

One solution would be:
1- establish the SA between the MN and CN using something like SUCV (i.e.
without going through
the HA).
2 - secure BU using a protocol combining  BU3WAY and the previously establish
SA. For example,
we could have the following mesg exchange each time the MN moves:
  a- MN-> CN : BUR authenticated with SKEY
  b- CN-> HA: BUC authenticated with SKEY
  c- HA->MN: BUC authenticated with SKEY
  d- MN->CN:  BU authenticated  with SKEY..


Comments?
thanks.

Claude.



--

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes
ph:  +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/



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Jari Arkko wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>Claude Castelluccia wrote:
<p>>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The prevention of this attack is another reason
why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2
<br>>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; at the bottom: the return routability tests
ensure that the attackers
<br>>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; can't claim to be from X if they really aren't
from there (or on
<br>>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the path to it).
<br>>
<br>> In SUCV, the 4 SUCVp messages are exchanged between the CN and the
<br>> MN (the CoA).
<br>> So the MN has to be in the X network (or on the path to it) for the
SUCV
<br>> exchange to succeed...
<p>Ah yes, but in my attack above X was the prefix of the home network
and
<br>it was assumed to be different from Y, the prefix of the CoA network.
<p>> The only weakness (i think) is that this exchange might succeed even
if
<br>> the attacker is on the path to X but
<br>> return routability does not solve this problem. In fact what prevents,
<br>> in this case, an attacker to choose
<br>> a HomeAddress that is also on the path from the CN to X???
<br>>
<br>> I think that return routability might only be useful against an attacker
<br>> trying to redirect a "legitimate" HomeAddress...
<br>> but SUCV/CAM also solves this issue...
<p>Here's the attack:
<p>1. Invent a new SUCV-address (you can do it) of the form X:&lt;HoA>
<p>2. Go to network Y and get an address Y:&lt;CoA>
<p>3. Run SUCV against any CN. This will succeed, because the
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; attacker generated the address by himself.
<br>4. Start some session with the CN, using Route Optimization
<br>5. Send a BU to the CN with lifetime 0. This will kill the BCE.
<br>6. CN continues to send a number of packets towards X:&lt;HoA>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; on the open session (e.g. RTP videostream).
<br>7. The packets arrive at network X, and do not hit any
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; specific node because in step 1 we obviously can't
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pick any existing address. However, the network
will
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; be full of packets, and X's Internet pipe may be
full.
<p>This attack has a relatively high amplification factor.</blockquote>
Ok that should work but
<br>steps 1, 2 and 3 is SUCV...5,6,7 is IPSec....
<br>IPSec (i.e. BU&nbsp;authentication part) seems to be the problem here
;-)
<p>but anyway you can do much better than that ;-)
<br>Most of the proposed schemes, except BU3WAY, (correct me if i am wrong)
<br>propose a solution to establish a SA&nbsp;between the MN and the CN...then
<br>BU&nbsp;are securized using the generated SKEY....
<p>So what someone could do is:
<br>1- establish a SA&nbsp;with a CN using SUCV/CAM, Bake....
<br>2- Start some session with the CN&nbsp;using route optimization
<br>3- register X&nbsp; (the network or host target) as your CoA...
<br>..packets will be sent to X!!
<p>I believe that most of the schemes will fail against this attack...(note
that in SUCV&nbsp;you won't
<br>be able to attack a host address but a network).
<p>If we really want to solve these problems, the requirements are then:
<br>1- How to avoid the initial messages to go through the HA&nbsp;before
the MN is authenticated
<br>to avoid "3rd party reflection" (that was the start of this thread)?
<br>2-&nbsp;How to avoid someone generating a fake Home Address and redirect
msg to it (this is the
<br>attack you've described)?
<br>3- How to avoid someone registering someone'else address as CoA (this
is the attack that i've
<br>described above)....
<br>4-+&nbsp;the initial requirements (i.e. How to avoid MiTM +&nbsp;how
to avoid HoA redirection....)
<p>One solution would be:
<br>1- establish the SA between the MN and CN using something like SUCV&nbsp;(i.e.
without going through
<br>the HA).
<br>2 - secure BU&nbsp;using a protocol combining&nbsp; BU3WAY and the
previously establish SA. For example,
<br>we could have the following mesg exchange each time the MN&nbsp;moves:
<br>&nbsp; a- MN-> CN :&nbsp;BUR&nbsp;authenticated with SKEY
<br>&nbsp; b- CN->&nbsp;HA: BUC&nbsp;authenticated with SKEY
<br>&nbsp; c- HA->MN:&nbsp;BUC authenticated with SKEY
<br>&nbsp; d- MN->CN:&nbsp; BU&nbsp;authenticated&nbsp; with SKEY..
<br>&nbsp;
<p>Comments?
<br>thanks.
<p>Claude.
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<pre>--&nbsp;

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes&nbsp;&nbsp;
ph:&nbsp; +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
<A HREF="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/</A></pre>
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Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 11:50:01 +0100
From: Claude Castelluccia <claude.castelluccia@inrialpes.fr>
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http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/people/ccastel/draft-castelluccia-mobileip-privacy-00.txt

"Hjelm, Bjorn" wrote:

> All,
> If also could receive a copy of
> draft-castelluccia-mobileip-privacy-00.txt, it would be much
> appreciated.
>
> Thanks,
> Bjorn
>
> -----------------------------------------------------------------
> From the Desk of..
>
> Bjorn Hjelm
> Network Planning and Advanced Technology
> ALLTEL Communications, Inc.
> Tel: (501) 905-8612
> Fax: (501) 905-6324
> E-mail: bjorn.hjelm@alltel.com

--

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes
ph:  +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/



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&nbsp;
<br><A HREF="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/people/ccastel/draft-castelluccia-mobileip-privacy-00.txt">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/people/ccastel/draft-castelluccia-mobileip-privacy-00.txt</A>
<p>"Hjelm, Bjorn" wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>All,
<br>If also could receive a copy of
<br>draft-castelluccia-mobileip-privacy-00.txt, it would be much
<br>appreciated.
<p>Thanks,
<br>Bjorn
<p>-----------------------------------------------------------------
<br>From the Desk of..
<p>Bjorn Hjelm
<br>Network Planning and Advanced Technology
<br>ALLTEL Communications, Inc.
<br>Tel: (501) 905-8612
<br>Fax: (501) 905-6324
<br>E-mail: bjorn.hjelm@alltel.com</blockquote>

<pre>--&nbsp;

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes&nbsp;&nbsp;
ph:&nbsp; +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
<A HREF="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/</A></pre>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address  <draf
	t-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
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Claude,
 
Another approach would be to somehow use the routers close to the MNs to
ensure that the MN is using COA's they are supposed to be using. Ingress
Filtering can restrict such abuses to just the originating subnet being
spoofed. Control Lists would offer more protection against this. I think
this threat is the same threat that ingress filtering was trying to deal
with on non-mobile nodes. 
 
Thanks,
 
Glenn

-----Original Message-----
From: Claude Castelluccia [mailto:claude.castelluccia@inrialpes.fr]
Sent: Wednesday, December 12, 2001 4:49 AM
To: jari.arkko@piuha.net
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Erik Nordmark; mroe@microsoft.com;
tuomaura@microsoft.com; gab@sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address
<draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>


Jari Arkko wrote: 

Claude Castelluccia wrote: 

>     The prevention of this attack is another reason why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2

>     at the bottom: the return routability tests ensure that the attackers 
>     can't claim to be from X if they really aren't from there (or on 
>     the path to it). 
> 
> In SUCV, the 4 SUCVp messages are exchanged between the CN and the 
> MN (the CoA). 
> So the MN has to be in the X network (or on the path to it) for the SUCV 
> exchange to succeed... 


Ah yes, but in my attack above X was the prefix of the home network and 
it was assumed to be different from Y, the prefix of the CoA network. 


> The only weakness (i think) is that this exchange might succeed even if 
> the attacker is on the path to X but 
> return routability does not solve this problem. In fact what prevents, 
> in this case, an attacker to choose 
> a HomeAddress that is also on the path from the CN to X??? 
> 
> I think that return routability might only be useful against an attacker 
> trying to redirect a "legitimate" HomeAddress... 
> but SUCV/CAM also solves this issue... 


Here's the attack: 


1. Invent a new SUCV-address (you can do it) of the form X:<HoA> 


2. Go to network Y and get an address Y:<CoA> 


3. Run SUCV against any CN. This will succeed, because the 
    attacker generated the address by himself. 
4. Start some session with the CN, using Route Optimization 
5. Send a BU to the CN with lifetime 0. This will kill the BCE. 
6. CN continues to send a number of packets towards X:<HoA> 
    on the open session (e.g. RTP videostream). 
7. The packets arrive at network X, and do not hit any 
    specific node because in step 1 we obviously can't 
    pick any existing address. However, the network will 
    be full of packets, and X's Internet pipe may be full. 


This attack has a relatively high amplification factor.

Ok that should work but 
steps 1, 2 and 3 is SUCV...5,6,7 is IPSec.... 
IPSec (i.e. BU authentication part) seems to be the problem here ;-) 

but anyway you can do much better than that ;-) 
Most of the proposed schemes, except BU3WAY, (correct me if i am wrong) 
propose a solution to establish a SA between the MN and the CN...then 
BU are securized using the generated SKEY.... 


So what someone could do is: 
1- establish a SA with a CN using SUCV/CAM, Bake.... 
2- Start some session with the CN using route optimization 
3- register X  (the network or host target) as your CoA... 
..packets will be sent to X!! 


I believe that most of the schemes will fail against this attack...(note
that in SUCV you won't 
be able to attack a host address but a network). 


If we really want to solve these problems, the requirements are then: 
1- How to avoid the initial messages to go through the HA before the MN is
authenticated 
to avoid "3rd party reflection" (that was the start of this thread)? 
2- How to avoid someone generating a fake Home Address and redirect msg to
it (this is the 
attack you've described)? 
3- How to avoid someone registering someone'else address as CoA (this is the
attack that i've 
described above).... 
4-+ the initial requirements (i.e. How to avoid MiTM + how to avoid HoA
redirection....) 


One solution would be: 
1- establish the SA between the MN and CN using something like SUCV (i.e.
without going through 
the HA). 
2 - secure BU using a protocol combining  BU3WAY and the previously
establish SA. For example, 
we could have the following mesg exchange each time the MN moves: 
  a- MN-> CN : BUR authenticated with SKEY 
  b- CN-> HA: BUC authenticated with SKEY 
  c- HA->MN: BUC authenticated with SKEY 
  d- MN->CN:  BU authenticated  with SKEY.. 
  


Comments? 
thanks. 


Claude. 
  
  

-- 



----------------------------------------

Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes  

ph:  +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)

http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/ <http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/> 
  


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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=535012215-12122001>Claude,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=535012215-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=535012215-12122001>Another approach would be to somehow&nbsp;use the 
routers close to the MNs to ensure that the MN is using COA's they are supposed 
to be using. Ingress Filtering can restrict such abuses to just the originating 
subnet being spoofed. Control Lists would offer more protection against this. I 
think this threat is the same threat that ingress filtering was trying to deal 
with on non-mobile nodes. </SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=535012215-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=535012215-12122001>Thanks,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=535012215-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=535012215-12122001>Glenn</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid">
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Claude Castelluccia 
  [mailto:claude.castelluccia@inrialpes.fr]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, December 
  12, 2001 4:49 AM<BR><B>To:</B> jari.arkko@piuha.net<BR><B>Cc:</B> 
  mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Erik Nordmark; mroe@microsoft.com; 
  tuomaura@microsoft.com; gab@sun.com<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [mobile-ip] Risks 
  of not verifying the care-of address 
  &lt;draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01&gt;<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>Jari Arkko wrote: 

  <BLOCKQUOTE TYPE="CITE">Claude Castelluccia wrote: 
    <P>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The prevention of this attack is another 
    reason why CAM-DH runs BAKE/2 <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; at the 
    bottom: the return routability tests ensure that the attackers 
    <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; can't claim to be from X if they really 
    aren't from there (or on <BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the path to it). 
    <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; In SUCV, the 4 SUCVp messages are exchanged between the CN 
    and the <BR>&gt; MN (the CoA). <BR>&gt; So the MN has to be in the X network 
    (or on the path to it) for the SUCV <BR>&gt; exchange to succeed... 
    <P>Ah yes, but in my attack above X was the prefix of the home network and 
    <BR>it was assumed to be different from Y, the prefix of the CoA network. 
    <P>&gt; The only weakness (i think) is that this exchange might succeed even 
    if <BR>&gt; the attacker is on the path to X but <BR>&gt; return routability 
    does not solve this problem. In fact what prevents, <BR>&gt; in this case, 
    an attacker to choose <BR>&gt; a HomeAddress that is also on the path from 
    the CN to X??? <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; I think that return routability might only 
    be useful against an attacker <BR>&gt; trying to redirect a "legitimate" 
    HomeAddress... <BR>&gt; but SUCV/CAM also solves this issue... 
    <P>Here's the attack: 
    <P>1. Invent a new SUCV-address (you can do it) of the form X:&lt;HoA&gt; 
    <P>2. Go to network Y and get an address Y:&lt;CoA&gt; 
    <P>3. Run SUCV against any CN. This will succeed, because the 
    <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; attacker generated the address by himself. <BR>4. 
    Start some session with the CN, using Route Optimization <BR>5. Send a BU to 
    the CN with lifetime 0. This will kill the BCE. <BR>6. CN continues to send 
    a number of packets towards X:&lt;HoA&gt; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; on the open 
    session (e.g. RTP videostream). <BR>7. The packets arrive at network X, and 
    do not hit any <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; specific node because in step 1 we 
    obviously can't <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pick any existing address. However, 
    the network will <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; be full of packets, and X's Internet 
    pipe may be full. 
    <P>This attack has a relatively high amplification factor.</P></BLOCKQUOTE>Ok 
  that should work but <BR>steps 1, 2 and 3 is SUCV...5,6,7 is IPSec.... 
  <BR>IPSec (i.e. BU&nbsp;authentication part) seems to be the problem here ;-) 
  <P>but anyway you can do much better than that ;-) <BR>Most of the proposed 
  schemes, except BU3WAY, (correct me if i am wrong) <BR>propose a solution to 
  establish a SA&nbsp;between the MN and the CN...then <BR>BU&nbsp;are securized 
  using the generated SKEY.... 
  <P>So what someone could do is: <BR>1- establish a SA&nbsp;with a CN using 
  SUCV/CAM, Bake.... <BR>2- Start some session with the CN&nbsp;using route 
  optimization <BR>3- register X&nbsp; (the network or host target) as your 
  CoA... <BR>..packets will be sent to X!! 
  <P>I believe that most of the schemes will fail against this attack...(note 
  that in SUCV&nbsp;you won't <BR>be able to attack a host address but a 
  network). 
  <P>If we really want to solve these problems, the requirements are then: 
  <BR>1- How to avoid the initial messages to go through the HA&nbsp;before the 
  MN is authenticated <BR>to avoid "3rd party reflection" (that was the start of 
  this thread)? <BR>2-&nbsp;How to avoid someone generating a fake Home Address 
  and redirect msg to it (this is the <BR>attack you've described)? <BR>3- How 
  to avoid someone registering someone'else address as CoA (this is the attack 
  that i've <BR>described above).... <BR>4-+&nbsp;the initial requirements (i.e. 
  How to avoid MiTM +&nbsp;how to avoid HoA redirection....) 
  <P>One solution would be: <BR>1- establish the SA between the MN and CN using 
  something like SUCV&nbsp;(i.e. without going through <BR>the HA). <BR>2 - 
  secure BU&nbsp;using a protocol combining&nbsp; BU3WAY and the previously 
  establish SA. For example, <BR>we could have the following mesg exchange each 
  time the MN&nbsp;moves: <BR>&nbsp; a- MN-&gt; CN :&nbsp;BUR&nbsp;authenticated 
  with SKEY <BR>&nbsp; b- CN-&gt;&nbsp;HA: BUC&nbsp;authenticated with SKEY 
  <BR>&nbsp; c- HA-&gt;MN:&nbsp;BUC authenticated with SKEY <BR>&nbsp; d- 
  MN-&gt;CN:&nbsp; BU&nbsp;authenticated&nbsp; with SKEY.. <BR>&nbsp; 
  <P>Comments? <BR>thanks. 
  <P>Claude. <BR>&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; <PRE>--&nbsp;

----------------------------------------
Claude CASTELLUCCIA, INRIA Rhone-Alpes&nbsp;&nbsp;
ph:&nbsp; +33 4.76.61.52.15 (fax: 52.52)
<A href="http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/">http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/</A></PRE>&nbsp; 
</BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Robert J Marks" <rjmarks@cambianetworks.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'Patil Basavaraj \(NET/Dallas\)'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "'Perkins Charles \(IPRG\)'" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Pete Wenzel'" <wenzel@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question
Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 09:30:21 -0600
Organization: Cambia Networks
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Ahmad,
 
I understand your point now. However, in regard to NAI, I think that
RFC2794 modifies RFC2002.
 
If the MN requests dynamic home address assignment, then RFC2794
requires the NAI to be recorded in the pending registration request
record, and thus NAI can be used to differentiate retransmissions from
new registration requests.
 
Section 3.2 in rfc3012-bis states that the Foreign Agent "SHOULD check
that the mobile node is actually performing a retransmission, by
verifying that the relevant fields of the retransmitted request are the
same as represented in the visitor list entry for the pending
Registration Request...".
 
So I think the Foreign Agent will use the NAI to determine whether a
request is new or a retransmission.
 
Regards,
 
Bob
 
Robert J Marks
Cambia Networks
Office: +1 847 627 3703
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com] On Behalf Of Ahmad Muhanna
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 10:48 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)';
'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'
Cc: Pete Wenzel; 'Pat Calhoun'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question



Bob;
 
By adopting the new version proposed for RFC3012bis, the third paragraph
in section 3.2. of RFC3012bis as mentioned below, specifically identify
what FA should check to determine if the RRQ is a re-transmission or
not.
NAI is not one of these criteria.
In other words, if we reference section 3.7.1. of RFC2002 to determine
if the RRQ message is a re-transmission, any RRQ with different NAI on
the same PPP session and using the same Home address still will be
considered as a re-transmission rather than a new RRQ.
 
I hope this makes it clearer.
 

Regards; 

Ahmad Muhanna 
Nortel Networks 
Shasta PDSN-MIP Development 
Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416 
amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com 

-----Original Message-----
From: Robert J Marks [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 10:07 AM
To: mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question


Ahmad,
 
I agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that
authentication should be performed.
If a MN sends a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA should
treat it as a new registration.
I guess I don't see the issue.
 
Bob 
 
From: Ahmad Muhanna


Bob; 

I think our concern here is how the FA handles the RRQ message in these
scenarios. 
Let us remember, if it is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate
the user through AAA. 
However, if it is considered a new registration, FA MUST authenticate
the RRQ message 
"the USER" before relaying the RRQ to HA. 
I hope this clarifies the issue at hand. 

Thanks; 

Ahmad Muhanna 


-----Original Message----- 
From: Robert J Marks [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM 
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 
'Perkins Charles (IPRG)' 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun' 
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 


Ahmad, 

Some observations on your scenarios. 
  
Ahmad Muhanna wrote: 

> What about the following scenario: 

> 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another 
>    Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI, 
> PDSN will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user 
> would have failed authentication at the AAA. 

This situation will be treated as a new Registration Request, 
independent 
of the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the two

requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in this case. 

> ** Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the 
> same PPP session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same 
> HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of 
0.0.0.0. 

All three requests will be treated as independent registrations. The HA 
does not know about PPP, and again uses the NAI to identify the MN. 
  
> ********** 
> Ahmad Muhanna 

Bob 

Robert J Marks 
Cambia Networks 
Office: +1 847 627 3703 
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329 

 -----Original Message----- 
From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM 
To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG) 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun

Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 



Charlie proposed the following text: 
>=======================================================================


> 
>Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original 
>quote: 
> 
>      ....      The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is 
>   actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant


>   fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented in 
>   the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section


>   3.7.1 of [8]).  This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
>   Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
>   since those values are likely to change even for requests that are 
>   merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.  In all 
>   other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives   .... 
> 
>=======================================================================


> 
>Comments? 
> 
>>Ahmad Muhanna: 
>>I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the 
need: 
>> 
>>"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
>>Identification field and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign


>>Agent still has a pending Registration Request record in effect for 
the 
>>mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration Request 
to 
>>the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section 
3.6.3[8]). 
>>In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a 
Registration 
>>Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value 
previously 
>>used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a Registration


>>Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value STALE_CHALLENGE." 
> 
>Regards, 
>Charlie P. 
> 

I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear as to what 
the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I 
would recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this 
spec. 

-Basavaraj 


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<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
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<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Ahmad,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>I=20
understand your point now. However, in regard to NAI, I think that =
RFC2794=20
modifies RFC2002.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>If the=20
MN requests dynamic home address assignment, then RFC2794 requires the =
NAI to be=20
recorded in the pending registration request record, and thus NAI can be =
used to=20
differentiate retransmissions from new registration=20
requests.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Section 3.2 in rfc3012-bis states that the Foreign Agent =
"SHOULD check=20
that the mobile node is actually performing a retransmission, by =
verifying that=20
the relevant fields of the retransmitted request are the same as =
represented in=20
the visitor list entry for the pending Registration=20
Request...".</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>So I=20
think the Foreign Agent will use the NAI to determine whether a request =
is new=20
or a retransmission.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Bob</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D974291214-12122001><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2><FONT=20
size=3D2>Robert J Marks<BR>Cambia Networks<BR>Office: +1 847 627 =
3703<BR>Mobile:=20
+1 708 829 6329<BR></FONT></DIV></FONT></SPAN>
<DIV><FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2>-----Original =
Message-----<BR><B>From:</B>=20
owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com =
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]=20
<B>On Behalf Of </B>Ahmad Muhanna<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, December 11, =
2001=20
10:48 PM<BR><B>To:</B> 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'; 'Patil Basavaraj =

(NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'<BR><B>Cc:</B> Pete Wenzel; 'Pat=20
Calhoun'<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 =
interpretation=20
question<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN=20
  class=3D141594604-12122001>Bob;</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN=20
  class=3D141594604-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D141594604-12122001>By=20
  adopting the new version proposed&nbsp;for RFC3012bis, the third =
paragraph in=20
  section 3.2. of RFC3012bis as mentioned below, specifically identify =
what FA=20
  should check to determine if the RRQ is a re-transmission or=20
  not.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D141594604-12122001>NAI=20
  is not one of these criteria.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D141594604-12122001>In=20
  other words, if we reference section 3.7.1. of RFC2002 to determine if =
the RRQ=20
  message is a re-transmission, any RRQ with <STRONG>different NAI =
</STRONG>on=20
  the same PPP session and using the same Home address still will be =
considered=20
  as a re-transmission rather than a new RRQ.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN=20
  class=3D141594604-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D141594604-12122001>I=20
  hope this makes it clearer.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <P><B><I><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman" =
color=3D#0000ff>Regards;</FONT></I></B>=20
  </P>
  <P><B><I><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman" color=3D#0000ff>Ahmad=20
  Muhanna</FONT></I></B> <BR><B><I><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"=20
  color=3D#0000ff>Nortel Networks</FONT></I></B> <BR><I><FONT=20
  face=3D"Times New Roman" color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>Shasta PDSN-MIP=20
  Development</FONT></I> <BR><I><B><FONT face=3D"Book Antiqua" =
color=3D#0000ff=20
  size=3D2>Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416</FONT></B></I> =
<BR><I><B><FONT=20
  face=3D"Book Antiqua" color=3D#0000ff=20
  size=3D2>amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com</FONT></B></I> </P>
  <BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr style=3D"MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
    <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><FONT =
face=3DTahoma=20
    size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Robert J Marks=20
    [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, =
December 11,=20
    2001 10:07 AM<BR><B>To:</B> mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj =
(NET/Dallas)';=20
    'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'<BR><B>Cc:</B> Wenzel, Pete =
[RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat=20
    Calhoun'<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 =
interpretation=20
    question<BR><BR></DIV></FONT>
    <DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff=20
    size=3D2>Ahmad,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
    <DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff=20
    size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
    <DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>I=20
    agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that=20
    authentication&nbsp;should be performed.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
    <DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>If=20
    a MN sends&nbsp;a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA =
should treat=20
    it as a new registration.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
    <DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>I=20
    </FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff=20
    size=3D2>guess I don't see the issue.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
    <DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff=20
    size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
    <DIV><SPAN class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial =
color=3D#0000ff=20
    size=3D2>Bob</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=3DTahoma><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
    class=3D307445515-11122001><FONT face=3DArial=20
    color=3D#0000ff>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
    <DIV><FONT face=3DTahoma><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
    class=3D307445515-11122001></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
    <DIV><FONT face=3DTahoma><FONT size=3D2><B>From:</B> Ahmad=20
    Muhanna<BR></DIV></FONT></FONT>
    <BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
    style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff =
2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Bob;</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>I think our concern here is how the FA handles =
the RRQ=20
      message in these scenarios.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Let us =
remember, if it=20
      is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate the user through=20
      AAA.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>However, if it is considered a new=20
      registration, FA MUST authenticate the RRQ message =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>"the USER" before relaying the RRQ to HA.</FONT> =
<BR><FONT size=3D2>I=20
      hope this clarifies the issue at hand.</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Thanks;</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Ahmad Muhanna</FONT> </P><BR>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>From:=20
      Robert J Marks [<A=20
      =
href=3D"mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com">mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.=
com</A>]</FONT>=20
      <BR><FONT size=3D2>Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj=20
      (NET/Dallas)';</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>'Perkins Charles =
(IPRG)'</FONT>=20
      <BR><FONT size=3D2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat =
Calhoun'</FONT>=20
      <BR><FONT size=3D2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 =
interpretation=20
      question</FONT> </P><BR>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Ahmad,</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Some observations on your scenarios.</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Ahmad Muhanna =
wrote:</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; What about the following scenario:</FONT> =
</P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home =
Address=20
      0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; 2. MN sends 1st retry of =
RRQ with=20
      NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt; 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that =
it can use=20
      another</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Profile =
with NAI2=20
      and Home Address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt; 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk =
about the user=20
      NAI,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; PDSN will consider this as a=20
      retransmission while may be the user</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt; would=20
      have failed authentication at the AAA.</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>This situation will be treated as a new =
Registration=20
      Request,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>independent</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>of=20
      the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the=20
      two</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>requests, since it identifies the MN =
by the=20
      NAI in this case.</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; ** Another thing, what about if we support =
different=20
      NAIs over the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; same PPP session and =
let us say=20
      NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; =
HA and all=20
      requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>0.0.0.0.</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>All three requests will be treated as =
independent=20
      registrations. The HA</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>does not know =
about PPP, and=20
      again uses the NAI to identify the MN.</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt; **********</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt; Ahmad Muhanna </FONT></P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Bob</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Robert J Marks</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Cambia=20
      Networks</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Office: +1 847 627 3703</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>Mobile: +1 708 829 6329</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;-----Original Message-----</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [<A=20
      =
href=3D"mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com">mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.co=
m</A>]</FONT>=20
      <BR><FONT size=3D2>Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles =
(IPRG)</FONT>=20
      <BR><FONT size=3D2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP =
Working=20
      Group; Pat Calhoun</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Subject: RE: =
[mobile-ip] URGENT=20
      - rfc3012 interpretation question</FONT> </P><BR><BR>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>Charlie proposed the following text:</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      =
size=3D2>&gt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D</FONT>=20
      </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;Here is the =
new relevant=20
      text, in the same paragraph as your original </FONT><BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;quote: </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
      ....&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The Foreign Agent SHOULD check =
that the=20
      mobile node is </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; actually =

      performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant</FONT> =
</P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; fields of the retransmitted =
request are=20
      the same as represented in </FONT><BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the=20
      visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request =
(section</FONT>=20
      </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.7.1 of [8]).&nbsp; This =
verification=20
      MUST NOT include the "remaining </FONT><BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
      Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field =

      </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; since those values are =
likely to=20
      change even for requests that are </FONT><BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
      merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.&nbsp; In =
all=20
      </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; other circumstances, if =
the=20
      Foreign Agent receives&nbsp;&nbsp; .... </FONT><BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
      =
size=3D2>&gt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D</FONT>=20
      </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;Comments?=20
      </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Ahmad=20
      Muhanna: </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;I hope you would agree =
that the=20
      following change will satisfy the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>need:=20
      </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>&gt;&gt;"If a=20
      mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same=20
      </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Identification field and the =
same=20
      Challenge extension, and the Foreign</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Agent still has a pending Registration =
Request=20
      record in effect for</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>the =
</FONT><BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;&gt;mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the=20
      Registration Request</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>to </FONT><BR><FONT =

      size=3D2>&gt;&gt;the Home Agent again (see Registration =
Retransmission,=20
      section</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>3.6.3[8]). </FONT><BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;&gt;In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent =
receives=20
      a</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>Registration </FONT><BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Request with a Challenge extension containing a =
Challenge=20
      value</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>previously </FONT><BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;&gt;used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent =
SHOULD send a=20
      Registration</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>&gt;&gt;Reply to the mobile node containing the =
Code value=20
      STALE_CHALLENGE." </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT=20
      size=3D2>&gt;Regards, </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;Charlie P.=20
      </FONT><BR><FONT size=3D2>&gt;</FONT> </P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it =
quite=20
      clear as to what</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3D2>the FA must do in order =
to=20
      recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I</FONT> <BR><FONT =
size=3D2>would=20
      recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for =
this</FONT>=20
      <BR><FONT size=3D2>spec. </FONT></P>
      <P><FONT size=3D2>-Basavaraj</FONT>=20
</P></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Message-ID: <6B49EDFE974BD51197D70002A56079D82AF60A@zrc2c013.us.nortel.com>
From: "Ahmad Muhanna" <amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        "'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Pete Wenzel" <wenzel@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question
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Bob;
 
Thanks; 
 
I think you are right and the proposed text is fine with the consideration
of RFC2794.
 

Regards; 

Ahmad Muhanna 
Nortel Networks 
Shasta PDSN-MIP Development 
Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416 
amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com 

-----Original Message-----
From: Robert J Marks [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 12, 2001 9:30 AM
To: mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question


Ahmad,
 
I understand your point now. However, in regard to NAI, I think that RFC2794
modifies RFC2002.
 
If the MN requests dynamic home address assignment, then RFC2794 requires
the NAI to be recorded in the pending registration request record, and thus
NAI can be used to differentiate retransmissions from new registration
requests.
 
Section 3.2 in rfc3012-bis states that the Foreign Agent "SHOULD check that
the mobile node is actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that
the relevant fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented
in the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request...".
 
So I think the Foreign Agent will use the NAI to determine whether a request
is new or a retransmission.
 
Regards,
 
Bob
 
Robert J Marks
Cambia Networks
Office: +1 847 627 3703
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com] On Behalf Of Ahmad Muhanna
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 10:48 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)';
'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'
Cc: Pete Wenzel; 'Pat Calhoun'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question



Bob;
 
By adopting the new version proposed for RFC3012bis, the third paragraph in
section 3.2. of RFC3012bis as mentioned below, specifically identify what FA
should check to determine if the RRQ is a re-transmission or not.
NAI is not one of these criteria.
In other words, if we reference section 3.7.1. of RFC2002 to determine if
the RRQ message is a re-transmission, any RRQ with different NAI on the same
PPP session and using the same Home address still will be considered as a
re-transmission rather than a new RRQ.
 
I hope this makes it clearer.
 

Regards; 

Ahmad Muhanna 
Nortel Networks 
Shasta PDSN-MIP Development 
Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416 
amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com 

-----Original Message-----
From: Robert J Marks [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 10:07 AM
To: mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question


Ahmad,
 
I agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that authentication
should be performed.
If a MN sends a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA should treat it
as a new registration.
I guess I don't see the issue.
 
Bob 
 
From: Ahmad Muhanna


Bob; 

I think our concern here is how the FA handles the RRQ message in these
scenarios. 
Let us remember, if it is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate the
user through AAA. 
However, if it is considered a new registration, FA MUST authenticate the
RRQ message 
"the USER" before relaying the RRQ to HA. 
I hope this clarifies the issue at hand. 

Thanks; 

Ahmad Muhanna 


-----Original Message----- 
From: Robert J Marks [ mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com
<mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com> ] 
Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM 
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 
'Perkins Charles (IPRG)' 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat Calhoun' 
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 


Ahmad, 

Some observations on your scenarios. 
  
Ahmad Muhanna wrote: 

> What about the following scenario: 

> 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that it can use another 
>    Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0. 
> 
> 4. Since section 3.7.1 in RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI, 
> PDSN will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user 
> would have failed authentication at the AAA. 

This situation will be treated as a new Registration Request, 
independent 
of the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the two 
requests, since it identifies the MN by the NAI in this case. 

> ** Another thing, what about if we support different NAIs over the 
> same PPP session and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same 
> HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses of 
0.0.0.0. 

All three requests will be treated as independent registrations. The HA 
does not know about PPP, and again uses the NAI to identify the MN. 
  
> ********** 
> Ahmad Muhanna 

Bob 

Robert J Marks 
Cambia Networks 
Office: +1 847 627 3703 
Mobile: +1 708 829 6329 

 -----Original Message----- 
From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [ mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
<mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com> ] 
Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM 
To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles (IPRG) 
Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun 
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question 



Charlie proposed the following text: 
>======================================================================= 

> 
>Here is the new relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original 
>quote: 
> 
>      ....      The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that the mobile node is 
>   actually performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant 

>   fields of the retransmitted request are the same as represented in 
>   the visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section 

>   3.7.1 of [8]).  This verification MUST NOT include the "remaining 
>   Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
>   since those values are likely to change even for requests that are 
>   merely retransmissions and not new Registration Requests.  In all 
>   other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives   .... 
> 
>======================================================================= 

> 
>Comments? 
> 
>>Ahmad Muhanna: 
>>I hope you would agree that the following change will satisfy the 
need: 
>> 
>>"If a mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
>>Identification field and the same Challenge extension, and the Foreign 

>>Agent still has a pending Registration Request record in effect for 
the 
>>mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the Registration Request 
to 
>>the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, section 
3.6.3[8]). 
>>In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives a 
Registration 
>>Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge value 
previously 
>>used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a Registration 

>>Reply to the mobile node containing the Code value STALE_CHALLENGE." 
> 
>Regards, 
>Charlie P. 
> 

I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite clear as to what 
the FA must do in order to recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I 
would recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this 
spec. 

-Basavaraj 


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<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=284093116-12122001>Bob;</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=284093116-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=284093116-12122001>Thanks; </SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=284093116-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=284093116-12122001>I 
think you are&nbsp;right and the proposed text is fine with the consideration of 
RFC2794.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<P><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Regards;</FONT></I></B> </P>
<P><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Ahmad Muhanna</FONT></I></B> 
<BR><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Nortel 
Networks</FONT></I></B> <BR><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman" 
size=2>Shasta PDSN-MIP Development</FONT></I> <BR><I><B><FONT color=#0000ff 
face="Book Antiqua" size=2>Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416</FONT></B></I> 
<BR><I><B><FONT color=#0000ff face="Book Antiqua" 
size=2>amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com</FONT></B></I> </P>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV align=left class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Robert J Marks 
  [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, December 12, 
  2001 9:30 AM<BR><B>To:</B> mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins 
  Charles (IPRG)'<BR><B>Cc:</B> Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat 
  Calhoun'<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation 
  question<BR><BR></DIV></FONT>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2>Ahmad,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>I 
  understand your point now. However, in regard to NAI, I think that RFC2794 
  modifies RFC2002.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>If 
  the MN requests dynamic home address assignment, then RFC2794 requires the NAI 
  to be recorded in the pending registration request record, and thus NAI can be 
  used to differentiate retransmissions from new registration 
  requests.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2>Section 3.2 in rfc3012-bis states that the Foreign Agent "SHOULD check 
  that the mobile node is actually performing a retransmission, by verifying 
  that the relevant fields of the retransmitted request are the same as 
  represented in the visitor list entry for the pending Registration 
  Request...".</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>So I 
  think the Foreign Agent will use the NAI to determine whether a request is new 
  or a retransmission.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2>Regards,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2>Bob</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=974291214-12122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
  size=2><FONT size=2>Robert J Marks<BR>Cambia Networks<BR>Office: +1 847 627 
  3703<BR>Mobile: +1 708 829 6329<BR></FONT></DIV></FONT></SPAN>
  <DIV><FONT face=Tahoma size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> 
  owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com 
  [mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Ahmad 
  Muhanna<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, December 11, 2001 10:48 PM<BR><B>To:</B> 
  'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 'Perkins 
  Charles (IPRG)'<BR><B>Cc:</B> Pete Wenzel; 'Pat Calhoun'<BR><B>Subject:</B> 
  RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
  style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
    <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
    class=141594604-12122001>Bob;</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
    <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
    class=141594604-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
    <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=141594604-12122001>By 
    adopting the new version proposed&nbsp;for RFC3012bis, the third paragraph 
    in section 3.2. of RFC3012bis as mentioned below, specifically identify what 
    FA should check to determine if the RRQ is a re-transmission or 
    not.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
    <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
    class=141594604-12122001>NAI is not one of these 
    criteria.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
    <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=141594604-12122001>In 
    other words, if we reference section 3.7.1. of RFC2002 to determine if the 
    RRQ message is a re-transmission, any RRQ with <STRONG>different NAI 
    </STRONG>on the same PPP session and using the same Home address still will 
    be considered as a re-transmission rather than a new 
RRQ.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
    <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
    class=141594604-12122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
    <DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=141594604-12122001>I 
    hope this makes it clearer.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
    <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
    <P><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Regards;</FONT></I></B> 
    </P>
    <P><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">Ahmad 
    Muhanna</FONT></I></B> <BR><B><I><FONT color=#0000ff 
    face="Times New Roman">Nortel Networks</FONT></I></B> <BR><I><FONT 
    color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman" size=2>Shasta PDSN-MIP 
    Development</FONT></I> <BR><I><B><FONT color=#0000ff face="Book Antiqua" 
    size=2>Phone. + 1 972 685 1416 ESN. 445-1416</FONT></B></I> <BR><I><B><FONT 
    color=#0000ff face="Book Antiqua" 
    size=2>amuhanna@nortelnetworks.com</FONT></B></I> </P>
    <BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
      <DIV align=left class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr><FONT face=Tahoma 
      size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Robert J Marks 
      [mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, December 11, 
      2001 10:07 AM<BR><B>To:</B> mobile-ip; 'Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)'; 
      'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'<BR><B>Cc:</B> Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 
      'Pat Calhoun'<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 
      interpretation question<BR><BR></DIV></FONT>
      <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
      size=2>Ahmad,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
      <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
      size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
      <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
      size=2>I agree. The presence of a "new" NAI at the FA signals that 
      authentication&nbsp;should be performed.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
      <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
      size=2>If a MN sends&nbsp;a Registration Request using a new NAI, the FA 
      should treat it as a new registration.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
      <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
      size=2>I </FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
      face=Arial size=2>guess I don't see the issue.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
      <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
      size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
      <DIV><SPAN class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
      size=2>Bob</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT size=2><SPAN 
      class=307445515-11122001><FONT color=#0000ff 
      face=Arial>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT size=2><SPAN 
      class=307445515-11122001></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
      <DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT size=2><B>From:</B> Ahmad 
      Muhanna<BR></DIV></FONT></FONT>
      <BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
      style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
        <P><FONT size=2>Bob;</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>I think our concern here is how the FA handles the RRQ 
        message in these scenarios.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Let us remember, if 
        it is a re-transmission, FA does not authenticate the user through 
        AAA.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>However, if it is considered a new 
        registration, FA MUST authenticate the RRQ message </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>"the USER" before relaying the RRQ to HA.</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>I hope this clarifies the issue at hand.</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>Thanks;</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>Ahmad Muhanna</FONT> </P><BR>
        <P><FONT size=2>-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>From: 
        Robert J Marks [<A 
        href="mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com">mailto:rjmarks@cambianetworks.com</A>]</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 7:05 AM</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; 'Patil Basavaraj 
        (NET/Dallas)';</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>'Perkins Charles (IPRG)'</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 'Pat 
        Calhoun'</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - 
        rfc3012 interpretation question</FONT> </P><BR>
        <P><FONT size=2>Ahmad,</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>Some observations on your scenarios.</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&nbsp;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Ahmad Muhanna wrote:</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt; What about the following scenario:</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt; 1. MN sends a RRQ message with NAI1, Home Address 
        0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 2. MN sends 1st retry of RRQ with 
        NAI1, Home address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 3. Now, we have a SMART MN, which figures out that 
        it can use another</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
        Profile with NAI2 and Home Address 0.0.0.0.</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 4. Since section 3.7.1 in 
        RFC2002 does not talk about the user NAI,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 
        PDSN will consider this as a retransmission while may be the user</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; would have failed authentication at the 
        AAA.</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>This situation will be treated as a new Registration 
        Request,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>independent</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>of 
        the request that used NAI1. The Home Agent will not correlate the 
        two</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>requests, since it identifies the MN by the 
        NAI in this case.</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt; ** Another thing, what about if we support 
        different NAIs over the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; same PPP session 
        and let us say NAI1, NAI2, and NAI3 have the same</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt; HA and all requesting Dynamic MIP calls with Home Addresses 
        of</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>0.0.0.0.</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>All three requests will be treated as independent 
        registrations. The HA</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>does not know about PPP, 
        and again uses the NAI to identify the MN.</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&nbsp;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; **********</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt; Ahmad Muhanna </FONT></P>
        <P><FONT size=2>Bob</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>Robert J Marks</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Cambia 
        Networks</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Office: +1 847 627 3703</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>Mobile: +1 708 829 6329</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&nbsp;-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>From: Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas) [<A 
        href="mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com">mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com</A>]</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 4:20 PM</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>To: Muhanna, Ahmad [RICH1:2Q20:EXCH]; Perkins Charles 
        (IPRG)</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Cc: Wenzel, Pete [RICH2:2Q00:EXCH]; 
        Mobile IP Working Group; Pat Calhoun</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Subject: 
        RE: [mobile-ip] URGENT - rfc3012 interpretation question</FONT> 
        </P><BR><BR>
        <P><FONT size=2>Charlie proposed the following text:</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;=======================================================================</FONT> 
        </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;Here is the new 
        relevant text, in the same paragraph as your original </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;quote: </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
        ....&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The Foreign Agent SHOULD check that 
        the mobile node is </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; actually 
        performing a retransmission, by verifying that the relevant</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; fields of the retransmitted request are 
        the same as represented in </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the 
        visitor list entry for the pending Registration Request (section</FONT> 
        </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.7.1 of [8]).&nbsp; This verification 
        MUST NOT include the "remaining </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
        Lifetime of the pending registration", or the Identification field 
        </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; since those values are likely 
        to change even for requests that are </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; merely retransmissions and not new Registration 
        Requests.&nbsp; In all </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; other 
        circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives&nbsp;&nbsp; .... 
        </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;=======================================================================</FONT> 
        </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;Comments? 
        </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Ahmad 
        Muhanna: </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;I hope you would agree that the 
        following change will satisfy the</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>need: 
        </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;"If a 
        mobile node retransmits a Registration Request with the same 
        </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Identification field and the same 
        Challenge extension, and the Foreign</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Agent still has a pending Registration Request 
        record in effect for</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>the </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;&gt;mobile node, then the Foreign Agent forwards the 
        Registration Request</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>to </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;&gt;the Home Agent again (see Registration Retransmission, 
        section</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>3.6.3[8]). </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;&gt;In all other circumstances, if the Foreign Agent receives 
        a</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Registration </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;&gt;Request with a Challenge extension containing a Challenge 
        value</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>previously </FONT><BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;&gt;used by that mobile node, the Foreign Agent SHOULD send a 
        Registration</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>&gt;&gt;Reply to the mobile node containing the Code 
        value STALE_CHALLENGE." </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=2>&gt;Regards, </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;Charlie P. 
        </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;</FONT> </P>
        <P><FONT size=2>I think the text that Charlie proposes makes it quite 
        clear as to what</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>the FA must do in order to 
        recognize, if it is a retransmission. So I</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>would 
        recommend going with Charlie's text in the revision for this</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=2>spec. </FONT></P>
        <P><FONT size=2>-Basavaraj</FONT> 
</P></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

------_=_NextPart_001_01C1832A.43A338C0--


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 13 04:00:25 2001
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Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 10:57:59 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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On Tue, 11 Dec 2001, Glenn Morrow wrote:

> What prevents a node from obtaining and using any number of free or not free
> (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP addresses such that they can
> spoof addresses albeit only on the same subnet IF INGRESS FILTERING is used
> on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is not mandated. Use of INGRESS FILTERING is
> not mandated, either. What is the interaction with control lists, etc..
> etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for anti-mac-spoofing, etc.. etc..
> etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most of the holes has expired, perhaps he
> is listening and will republish it. 

A new revision was issued:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01.txt

Thanks.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords





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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
cc: <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: IPv6 address ownership and autoconfig  problems (was Re:
 [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
In-Reply-To: <3C172996.6050706@nomadiclab.com>
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On Wed, 12 Dec 2001, Pekka Nikander wrote:
> BTW, while you consider ingress filtering etc, you may find
> it entertaining to read our recent half-serious half-joking
> paper titled "IPv6 Source Addresses Considered Harmful",
> available at http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/nordsec2001.pdf

Perhaps you should tentatively schedule a re-presentation for the tenth
anniversary of this paper, in 2011, and hope a global IPSEC will be a 
reality then.

Oh, make that 15.

:-)

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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From: Brian Haley USG <haley@zk3.dec.com>
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] draft 15 cruft
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Hi Charlie,

I noticed the following cruft in the mipv6 -15 draft this week, it's all
left-over from draft -14.

Section 9.3 on Intercepting packets for a mobile node

    On multicasting NAs...

	"The Router (R) bit in the Advertisement MUST be copied from
	 the corresponding bit in the home agent's Binding Cache entry
	 for the mobile node."

    There is no R-bit anymore.

    And later in that section...

	"This check MUST include all possible
	 home addresses for the mobile node, based on the subnet prefixes
	 currently considered to be on-link by the home agent (including the
	 corresponding link-local address and site-local address), if the
	 Prefix Length in the Binding Cache entry for this mobile node (from
	 the Binding Update that created this Cache entry) is nonzero."

    We don't have 'prefix length' anymore either, just the S-bit.

Section 9.4 on Tunneling packets to a mobile node
 
	"While the mobile node is away from home and this node is acting
	 as the mobile node's home agent, the home agent intercepts any
	 packets on the home link addressed to the mobile node's home address
	 (including addresses formed from other on-link prefixes, if the
	 Prefix Length field was nonzero in the Binding Update), as described
	 in Section 9.3."

    'Prefix length' again, should reference S-bit.

Section 10.7 on Sending binding updates to the home agent

	"The Prefix Length field in the Binding Update allows..."

Thanks,

-Brian



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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 13:29:19 -0600
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Thank You

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pekka Savola [mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi]
> Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 2:58 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
> 
> On Tue, 11 Dec 2001, Glenn Morrow wrote:
> 
> > What prevents a node from obtaining and using any number of 
> free or not free
> > (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP addresses such 
> that they can
> > spoof addresses albeit only on the same subnet IF INGRESS 
> FILTERING is used
> > on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is not mandated. Use of 
> INGRESS FILTERING is
> > not mandated, either. What is the interaction with control 
> lists, etc..
> > etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for anti-mac-spoofing, 
> etc.. etc..
> > etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most of the holes has 
> expired, perhaps he
> > is listening and will republish it. 
> 
> A new revision was issued:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-se
curity-01.txt

Thanks.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords




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<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thank You</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Pekka Savola [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi">mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 2:58 =
AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs =
tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; On Tue, 11 Dec 2001, Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; What prevents a node from obtaining and =
using any number of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; free or not free</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) =
IP addresses such </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; that they can</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; spoof addresses albeit only on the same =
subnet IF INGRESS </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; FILTERING is used</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is not =
mandated. Use of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; INGRESS FILTERING is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; not mandated, either. What is the =
interaction with control </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; lists, etc..</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for =
anti-mac-spoofing, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; etc.. etc..</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most of =
the holes has </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; expired, perhaps he</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; is listening and will republish it. =
</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; A new revision was issued:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; <A =
HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-se" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-=
rh-ha-se</A></FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>curity-01.txt</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-- </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Pekka =
Savola&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;Tell me of difficulties =
surmounted,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Netcore =
Oy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not those you stumble over and =
fall&quot;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Systems. Networks. Security.&nbsp; -- Robert Jordan: =
A Crown of Swords</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01C1840C.76066890--


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec 14 11:22:28 2001
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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 10:17:08 -0600
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Sorry Pekkas - wrong Pekka. The draft you (P.S.) refer to below  is not  the
draft I was referring to. This little error forced me to go dig up the draft
and even then it did not address all of the holes and it focused too much on
the MIP stuff. There also a draft on AAA and what that solved but this lead
to the universal AAA issues. So I think what we need is an informational due
diligence draft specific to the DDoS threats of the IPv6 stand-alone base
(i.e. no MIP, no AAA).
 
Sorry about the mix-up.
 
Glenn
 
 
 

-----Original Message-----
From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH] 
Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 1:29 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling



Thank You 

> -----Original Message----- 
> From: Pekka Savola [ mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi <mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi> ]

> Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 2:58 AM 
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com 
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling 
> 
> 
> On Tue, 11 Dec 2001, Glenn Morrow wrote: 
> 
> > What prevents a node from obtaining and using any number of 
> free or not free 
> > (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP addresses such 
> that they can 
> > spoof addresses albeit only on the same subnet IF INGRESS 
> FILTERING is used 
> > on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is not mandated. Use of 
> INGRESS FILTERING is 
> > not mandated, either. What is the interaction with control 
> lists, etc.. 
> > etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for anti-mac-spoofing, 
> etc.. etc.. 
> > etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most of the holes has 
> expired, perhaps he 
> > is listening and will republish it. 
> 
> A new revision was issued: 
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-se
<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-se>  
curity-01.txt 

Thanks. 

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted, 
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall" 
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords 




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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</TITLE>

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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=141030416-14122001>Sorry 
Pekkas - wrong Pekka.&nbsp;The draft you (P.S.)&nbsp;refer to 
below&nbsp;&nbsp;is not &nbsp;the draft I was referring to. This little error 
forced me to go dig up the draft&nbsp;and even then it did not address all of 
the holes and it focused too much on the MIP stuff. There&nbsp;also a draft on 
AAA and what that solved but this lead to the universal AAA issues.&nbsp;So I 
think what we need is an informational due diligence draft specific to the DDoS 
threats of the IPv6 stand-alone base (i.e. no MIP, no AAA).</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=141030416-14122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=141030416-14122001>Sorry 
about the mix-up.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=141030416-14122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=141030416-14122001>Glenn</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=141030416-14122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=141030416-14122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=141030416-14122001></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid">
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Morrow, Glenn 
  [RICH2:C330:EXCH] <BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, December 13, 2001 1:29 
  PM<BR><B>To:</B> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: 
  [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <P><FONT size=2>Thank You</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 
  From: Pekka Savola [<A 
  href="mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi">mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi</A>]</FONT> <BR><FONT 
  size=2>&gt; Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 2:58 AM</FONT> <BR><FONT 
  size=2>&gt; To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 
  Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling</FONT> <BR><FONT 
  size=2>&gt; </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; On Tue, 
  11 Dec 2001, Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; </FONT><BR><FONT 
  size=2>&gt; &gt; What prevents a node from obtaining and using any number of 
  </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; free or not free</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 
  &gt; (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP addresses such 
  </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; that they can</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; &gt; 
  spoof addresses albeit only on the same subnet IF INGRESS </FONT><BR><FONT 
  size=2>&gt; FILTERING is used</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; &gt; on the first 
  hop. Use of IPSEC is not mandated. Use of </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; INGRESS 
  FILTERING is</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; &gt; not mandated, either. What is 
  the interaction with control </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; lists, etc..</FONT> 
  <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; &gt; etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for 
  anti-mac-spoofing, </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; etc.. etc..</FONT> <BR><FONT 
  size=2>&gt; &gt; etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most of the holes has 
  </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; expired, perhaps he</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 
  &gt; is listening and will republish it. </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; 
  </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; A new revision was issued:</FONT> <BR><FONT 
  size=2>&gt; </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt; <A target=_blank 
  href="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-se">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-se</A></FONT> 
  <BR><FONT size=2>curity-01.txt</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=2>Thanks.</FONT> </P>
  <P><FONT size=2>-- </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>Pekka 
  Savola&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
  "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Netcore 
  Oy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
  not those you stumble over and fall"</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Systems. 
  Networks. Security.&nbsp; -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords</FONT> 
  </P><BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec 14 19:41:57 2001
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Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 16:36:13 -0800
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
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Pekka,

also take a look at Jim Kempf and Erik Normark's draft
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kempf-ipng-netaccess-threats-00.txt

vijay

Glenn Morrow wrote:

> Sorry Pekkas - wrong Pekka. The draft you (P.S.) refer to below  is not 
>  the draft I was referring to. This little error forced me to go dig up 
> the draft and even then it did not address all of the holes and it 
> focused too much on the MIP stuff. There also a draft on AAA and what 
> that solved but this lead to the universal AAA issues. So I think what 
> we need is an informational due diligence draft specific to the DDoS 
> threats of the IPv6 stand-alone base (i.e. no MIP, no AAA).
> 
>  
> 
> Sorry about the mix-up.
> 
>  
> 
> Glenn
> 
>  
> 
>  
> 
>  
> 
>     -----Original Message-----
>     From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]
>     Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 1:29 PM
>     To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>     Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
> 
>     Thank You
> 
>      > -----Original Message-----
>      > From: Pekka Savola [mailto:pekkas@netcore.fi]
>      > Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 2:58 AM
>      > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>      > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Routing header Vs tunneling
>      >
>      >
>      > On Tue, 11 Dec 2001, Glenn Morrow wrote:
>      >
>      > > What prevents a node from obtaining and using any number of
>      > free or not free
>      > > (i.e. in use by another legitimate node) IP addresses such
>      > that they can
>      > > spoof addresses albeit only on the same subnet IF INGRESS
>      > FILTERING is used
>      > > on the first hop. Use of IPSEC is not mandated. Use of
>      > INGRESS FILTERING is
>      > > not mandated, either. What is the interaction with control
>      > lists, etc..
>      > > etc.. etc.. Are there any provisions for anti-mac-spoofing,
>      > etc.. etc..
>      > > etc.. Pekka's draft which detailed most of the holes has
>      > expired, perhaps he
>      > > is listening and will republish it.
>      >
>      > A new revision was issued:
>      >
>      > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-se
>     curity-01.txt
> 
>     Thanks.
> 
>     -- 
>     Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
>     Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
>     Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords
> 
> 
> 




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	Title		: SUCV Identifiers and Addresses
	Author(s)	: G. Montenegro, C. Castelluccia
	Filename	: draft-montenegro-sucv-02.txt
	Pages		: 28
	Date		: 14-Dec-01
	
This document addresses the identifier ownership problem.  It
does so by using characteristics of Statistic Uniqueness and
Cryptographic Verifiability (SUCV) of certain entities which
this document calls SUCV Identifiers (SUCV ID's).  This note
also proposes using these SUCV characteristics in related
entities called SUCV Addresses in order to severely limit
certain classes of denial of service attacks and hijacking
attacks. SUCV addresses are particularly applicable to solve the
'address ownership' problem that severely undermines confidence
in mechanisms like Binding Updates in Mobile IP for IPv6.

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http://people.nokia.net/~patil/IETF52/MIP/

-Basavaraj


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 17 14:42:31 2001
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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] icmpv6
Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 11:44:33 -0800
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this may not be an appropriate question for this group, although it impacts
mobile-ip indirectly. on going through the ICMPv6 , we noticed that the
Link-Layer Options in Neighbor Discovery Protocol(rfc 2461) may not support
the 64-bit IEEE-EUI address. although it can be easily resolved placing 6
bytes of padding with length=2.

subrata




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Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 13:11:07 -0800 (PST)
From: Vasos Vassiliou <vasosv@yahoo.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] BU piggybacking
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I am not sure if this was addressed before in this list, so
forgive me if I am repeating things... and please point me
to the relevant discussion.

Besides piggybacking a BU to packets towrds the HA and the
CNs every time a MN moves or when the BU lifetime expires.
Can we also piggyback a BU on the first packet sent to a CN
for which the MN does not have an entry in its Binding
Update List?

Thanks

Vasos Vassiliou
Georgia Tech


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: SUCV Identifiers and Addresses
	Author(s)	: G. Montenegro, C. Castelluccia
	Filename	: draft-montenegro-sucv-02.txt
	Pages		: 28
	Date		: 14-Dec-01
	
This document addresses the identifier ownership problem.  It
does so by using characteristics of Statistic Uniqueness and
Cryptographic Verifiability (SUCV) of certain entities which
this document calls SUCV Identifiers (SUCV ID's).  This note
also proposes using these SUCV characteristics in related
entities called SUCV Addresses in order to severely limit
certain classes of denial of service attacks and hijacking
attacks. SUCV addresses are particularly applicable to solve the
'address ownership' problem that severely undermines confidence
in mechanisms like Binding Updates in Mobile IP for IPv6.

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[Appologies if you receive multiple copies of this Call for Papers ]


********************************************************************* 
                      Call for Papers 

                   *** ACM MobiCom 2002 *** 
The Eighth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking 
        
                    September 23-26, 2002
                    Westin Peachtree Plaza
                    Atlanta, Georgia, USA
                        
            http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobicom/2002/ 
    

                 Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE 

            Submission Deadline: March 1, 2002 

********************************************************************* 

MobiCom 2002 is the eighth annual conference dedicated to 
addressing new challenges in mobile computing and networking. MobiCom 2002 solicits papers 
describing significant research contributions to the field of mobile computing and networking. 

PAPERS: 
Authors are invited to submit full papers related to the theory and practice of mobile
computing and networking. Original research papers (that are not currently under review
by another conference or journal) are solicited. Areas of interest
include, but not limited to: 
 
* Applications and computing services supporting mobile users 
* Architectures, protocols, and algorithms to cope with mobility, limited bandwidth, or intermittent connectivity 
* Database and data management issues in mobile computing 
* Performance of mobile/wireless networks and systems 
* Security and privacy of mobile/wireless systems 
* Interaction between different layers of mobile/wireless systems 
* Integration and interworking of wired and wireless networks 
* Adaptive applications and systems for mobile environments 
* Distributed-system aspects of mobile systems 
* Operating system support for mobility 
* Location-dependent applications 
* Wireless multimedia systems 
* Power management 
* Mobile agents 
* Pervasive computing 
* Wireless sensor networks 
* Wireless/mobile service management and delivery 

All papers will be refereed by the program committee. Accepted papers will be published in the conference proceedings. 
Papers of particular merit will be proposed for publication in the ACM/Kluwer Wireless Networks (WINET) and 
Mobile Networks and Applications (MONET) journals.  

CHALLENGES SESSION: 
Short papers (maximum of 8 pages) that challenge the mobile computing community with new 
technologies or visionary applications are solicited. Such papers should provide stimulating 
ideas or visions that may open up exciting avenues of mobile computing research. Papers will
be reviewed and should be submitted using the normal submission procedure. Submitted papers
should be clearly identified as intended for the Challenges Session.

SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS:
All paper submissions will be handled electronically. Authors should prepare a PostScript or Portable Document Format 
(PDF) version of their full paper. Papers must meet the following restrictions:
-  No longer than 12 pages (double column); in font no smaller than 10 points
-  Fit properly on US Letter-sized paper (8.5 ' 11 inches) with reasonable margins
-  PostScript version 2 or later, or Portable Document Format (PDF)
-  Use only Computer Modern or standard Adobe printer fonts (i.e., Courier,Times, Roman, or Helvetica)
-  Other fonts may be used, but must be included in the PostScript/PDF file

Instructions for submission are available at:
http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobicom/2002/submissions/

All submitted papers will be judged based on their quality through double-blind reviewing, where the identities of the authors 
are withheld from the reviewers. Authors' names must not appear in the paper or in the PostScript or PDF
file. Submitted papers must not be currently under review for any other publication.
Please direct any questions about the paper submission process to the Program Co-Chairs.


TUTORIALS: 
Proposals for tutorials are solicited, and will be evaluated based on 
the expertise of the instructors and the relevance of the subject matter. Potential
instructors should submit a tutorial proposal of at most five pages, including a 
biographical sketch, to the Tutorial Co-chairs (cath@ecn.purdue.edu or
nhv@crhc.uiuc.edu).

PANELS: 
Proposals are solicited for panels that examine innovative, controversial, or 
otherwise provocative issues of interest. Panel proposals should not exceed 3 pages,
including biographical sketches of the panelists. Potential panel organizers should
contact the Panel Co-chairs (shroff@ecn.purdue.edu or marie-jose.montpetit@nokia.com).

RESEARCH DEMOS:
Proposals for research demos are solicited. Proposals should not exceed 3 pages and
should include a description of the demo and equipment that will be used. Proposals
for demos should be sent to the Research Demo Chair (ron@oit.gatech.edu).

BEST STUDENT PAPER AWARD: 
Papers with a student as the primary author will be considered 
for the Best Student Paper Award with a cash award of $1,000 USD. Students must indicate
with their submissions that they would like to be considered for this award.

IMPORTANT DATES: 
*  Paper submissions due: March 1, 2002 
*  Notification of acceptance: June 30, 2002 
*  Camera-ready version due: July 31, 2002 

FOR MORE INFORMATION: Check the conference website or send 
email to mobicom2002@comet.columbia.edu


ORGANIZING COMMITTEE: 
* General Chair: Ian F. Akyildiz, Georgia Institute of Technology

* General Vice-Chairs:
   - Jason Y. B. Lin, National Chiao Tung University
   - Ravi Jain, Telcordia

* Program Co-Chairs:
   - Vaduvur Bharghavan, Bytemobile 
   - Andrew T. Campbell, Columbia University

* Panels Co-Chairs:
   - Ness Shroff, Purdue University
   - Marie-Jose Montpetit, Nokia

* Tutorials Co-Chairs:
   - Catherine Rosenberg, Purdue University 
   - Nitin Vaidya, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign

* Publicity Co-Chairs:
   - Chuanyi Ji, Georgia Institute of Technology
   - Marwan M. Krunz, University of Arizona

* Workshop Co-Chairs:
   - Taieb Znati, NSF and University of Pittsburgh
   - Mehmet Ulema, Monmouth Internet Corporation
 
* Research Demos Chair: Ron Hutchins, Georgia Institute of Technology

* Finance Chair: Edward Knightly, Rice University

* Registration Chair: Suresh Singh, Portland State University

* Sponsorship/Exhibit Chair: Ramesh Govindan, Univ. of Southern California

* Local Arrangements Chair: Raghupathy Sivakumar: Georgia Institute of Technology

* Steering Committee Chair: Imrich Chlamtac, University of Texas at Dallas
   


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 17 21:40:16 2001
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] re-announcement of monet mailing list
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
Date: 17 Dec 2001 12:40:06 +0100
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Hi,

At the end of the bar bof on Mobile Networks at Salt Lake it was
suggested to re-send the information on how to join the monet mailing
list.

In order to join, please send mail to monet-request@crm.mot.com with
subscribe in the body.

An archive file is kept locally but not yet available publicly.  Until
becoming available I can send it personally to anyone interested.

Thank you,

Alex

PS: here's the original announcement sent earlier.

Dear colleagues,

I would like to announce the monet (mobile network) mailing list for
future discussion of the mobile networks subject.

Until the last IETF meeting, Thierry Ernst has submitted several times
I-Ds and made presentations on the subject.  At IETF-51, I was
encouraged by the mobileip WG co-chair Phil Roberts to set up a
separate mailing list to further discuss the subject.  Since then,
there has been some discussions online and offline, to the extent that
a BOF may be on its way to address the subject.

Having sensed the need to have a proper forum of discussion on mobile
network, the Monet mailing list is created, so that we could discuss
and share:

- work out the problem scope/statement
- define terminology
- technical discussions
- define the solution requirements
- plan the necessary activities
- how to address the subject in IETF (creation of a BOF?)
- etc

To start with, I would like to put forward the following 2 I-Ds:
- draft-ernst-mobileip-v6-network-02.txt
- draft-ernst-mobileip-monetv6-00.txt

In particular I would like to solicit comments on
draft-ernst-mobileip-monetv6-00.txt about the problem scope and
solution requirements.

After London IETF a long discussion took place on the mobileip list
with respect to mobile networks and routers: terminology for "router"
and "mobile router", MR and router adjacency, interactions of mobile
networks with routing protocols, multiple Care-of-Addresses, mobile
routers as NAT's, tunnelling and routing headers, security aspects,
mobile networks as PANs and many other subjects.  Several solutions
could be designed as a result of those discussions.

Besides, I would also like to gather your ideas and comments on the
creation of a monet BOF.

I am looking forward to your participation in the monet mailing list
discussion. Subscribe to the monet mailing list by sending mail to

monet-request@crm.mot.com

with the word "subscribe" (without the quotes) in the body. You need to
subscribe to the list in order to send to the list. You can post to the list by
sending mail to monet@crm.mot.com. Unsubscribe by sending mail to
monet-request@crm.mot.com with the two
words "unsubscribe monet" (again without the quotes) in the body.

Cheers,
Hong-Yon Lach
Alexandru Petrescu
Christophe Janneteau
John Boot




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 18 06:25:16 2001
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	(envelope-from dupont@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr)
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] icmpv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 17 Dec 2001 11:44:33 PST.
             <NDBBJKCANKEKAMDAPIHPEELMCCAA.sgoswami@umich.edu> 
Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 12:23:17 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   this may not be an appropriate question for this group, although it impacts
   mobile-ip indirectly. on going through the ICMPv6 , we noticed that the
   Link-Layer Options in Neighbor Discovery Protocol(rfc 2461) may not support
   the 64-bit IEEE-EUI address.

=> this is false: link-layer options support any kind of link-layer addresses.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Dec 18 19:14:54 2001
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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 18:46:43 -0500
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I'd like to get working group feedback on the low latency draft and
part of the route optimization draft.

First, how urgent is the need for the low latency draft to become an RFC?
I was rather disappointed to see that only a few people are planning on
implementing any part of this.  Given that, it's hard for me to see whether
there is any urgency at all.

Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might be stripped
into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.  The background
issue here is that the chairs (well, me) have sat on the route optimization
draft pending some resolution of the route optimization issues for MIPv6.
I'd like to have some feedback about the RO draft, so could you please
comment
on whether you are actually going to use any part of route optimization
(other
than PFANE), and whether you'd like to push me to go ahead and send route
optimization for v4 to the IESG before the MIPv6 issues are resolved.  Route
optimization completed WG last call sometime before March of this year.

Phil


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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] icmpv6 
Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 07:57:16 -0800
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

well, how do you make a 64 bit address in accordance with the following
in RFC 2461 ?

4.6.1.  Source/Target Link-layer Address

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |     Type      |    Length     |    Link-Layer Address ...
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Fields:

      Type
                     1 for Source Link-layer Address
                     2 for Target Link-layer Address

      Length         The length of the option (including the type and
                     length fields) in units of 8 octets.  For example,
                     the length for IEEE 802 addresses is 1 [IPv6-
                     ETHER].

      Link-Layer Address
                     The variable length link-layer address.

                     The content and format of this field (including
                     byte and bit ordering) is expected to be specified
                     in specific documents that describe how IPv6
                     operates over different link layers.  For instance,
                     [IPv6-ETHER].

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Francis Dupont
Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2001 3:23 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] icmpv6


   this may not be an appropriate question for this group, although it
impacts
   mobile-ip indirectly. on going through the ICMPv6 , we noticed that the
   Link-Layer Options in Neighbor Discovery Protocol(rfc 2461) may not
support
   the 64-bit IEEE-EUI address.

=> this is false: link-layer options support any kind of link-layer
addresses.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 19 04:22:02 2001
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Message-Id: <200112190919.fBJ9JgD57186@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] icmpv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 18 Dec 2001 07:57:16 PST.
             <NDBBJKCANKEKAMDAPIHPMEMACCAA.sgoswami@umich.edu> 
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 10:19:42 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   well, how do you make a 64 bit address in accordance with the following
   in RFC 2461 ?
   
=> the answer is in your mail (I apologize because I have to keep
this long message :-).

   4.6.1.  Source/Target Link-layer Address
   
         0                   1                   2                   3
         0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
        +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
        |     Type      |    Length     |    Link-Layer Address ...
        +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   
      Fields:
   
         Type
                        1 for Source Link-layer Address
                        2 for Target Link-layer Address
   
         Length         The length of the option (including the type and
                        length fields) in units of 8 octets.  For example,
                        the length for IEEE 802 addresses is 1 [IPv6-
                        ETHER].
   
         Link-Layer Address
                        The variable length link-layer address.
   
                        The content and format of this field (including
                        byte and bit ordering) is expected to be specified
                        in specific documents that describe how IPv6
                        operates over different link layers.  For instance,
                        [IPv6-ETHER].
   
=> read, reread, etc the link-layer address definition.
BTW I don't know a link-layer using EUI 64 as addresses
(but there already are more complex link-layers, for instance ATM).
If your concern is padding, look at RFC 2529.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 19 06:45:59 2001
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Message-ID: <F7709E7648BAD41181E60008C716A229010590A2@edkchnt102.lmd.ericsson.se>
From: "Peter Grimstrup (TED)" <Peter.Grimstrup@lmd.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Prefix lifetime
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 12:43:45 +0100
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I'm not very familiar with the ND procedures, but anyway here is
my question:

Section 9.1 in ID-15 says:
                                                "The lifetime for
the each Binding Cache entry MUST NOT be greater than the minimum
remaining valid lifetime for all subnet prefixes on the mobile
node's home link."

When a prefix is no longer to be used, the lifetime is decreased
eventually to zero, when the prefix is removed.
While decreasing the lifetime, i.e. when the value has become
"low", it doesn't seem reasonable to use this value as limit
on granted lifetime of a BU.
Could this be avoided by only minimising over prefixes with
nonzero preferred lifetime - or have I misunderstood?

Thanks
	Peter
----------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Grimstrup          Systems Developer
Ericsson Telebit A/S     tel: +45 89 38 52 75
Skanderborgvej 232       fax: +45 89 38 51 01
DK 8260 Viby J, Denmark  e-mail: peter.grimstrup@ted.ericsson.dk


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 19 10:19:53 2001
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Message-ID: <795A014AF92DD21182AF0008C7A404320DFBEE4D@esealnt117>
From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 16:17:00 +0100
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 > I'd like to get working group feedback on the low latency draft and
 > part of the route optimization draft.
 > 
 > First, how urgent is the need for the low latency draft to 
 > become an RFC?
 > I was rather disappointed to see that only a few people are 
 > planning on
 > implementing any part of this.  Given that, it's hard for me 
 > to see whether
 > there is any urgency at all.

IMO unless we finish the work off people won't have a chance
to see if it fits their requirements. Until we have an RFC we
can't really say IETF has a stable solution for low latency
MIPv4 handoffs which people can implement and try out. Early
implementation is useful but few implementations doesn't
mean it shouldn't make it to RFC. We also need to consider that
low latency is closely knit to wireless (through L2 triggers and
their timing) which makes the real implementation harder than
many other drafts.

 > 
 > Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might 
 > be stripped
 > into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency. 

The previous FA extension has no relation to the low latency draft.
In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
as soon as it attaches to the new FA.

/Karim


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 19 10:38:26 2001
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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] icmpv6 
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 07:40:40 -0800
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sorry, i still do not understand what you are trying to say.

consider the following

0x01:0xY:0xAAAAAAAA

questions are:
1. what is the value of Y ?
2. If it is 2 then where and what padding do you
   add ?

subrata


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Francis Dupont
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 1:20 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] icmpv6 


 In your previous mail you wrote:

   well, how do you make a 64 bit address in accordance with the following
   in RFC 2461 ?
   
=> the answer is in your mail (I apologize because I have to keep
this long message :-).

   4.6.1.  Source/Target Link-layer Address
   
         0                   1                   2                   3
         0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
        +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
        |     Type      |    Length     |    Link-Layer Address ...
        +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   
      Fields:
   
         Type
                        1 for Source Link-layer Address
                        2 for Target Link-layer Address
   
         Length         The length of the option (including the type and
                        length fields) in units of 8 octets.  For example,
                        the length for IEEE 802 addresses is 1 [IPv6-
                        ETHER].
   
         Link-Layer Address
                        The variable length link-layer address.
   
                        The content and format of this field (including
                        byte and bit ordering) is expected to be specified
                        in specific documents that describe how IPv6
                        operates over different link layers.  For instance,
                        [IPv6-ETHER].
   
=> read, reread, etc the link-layer address definition.
BTW I don't know a link-layer using EUI 64 as addresses
(but there already are more complex link-layers, for instance ATM).
If your concern is padding, look at RFC 2529.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 19 11:02:24 2001
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From: "Patil Basavaraj (NET/Dallas)" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
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One possbility is to consider making the low-latency draft an
experimental RFC. That will give implementers an opportunity to
work with a spec that is "relatively" stable while discovering issues.
We could take it to proposed standard once we have a better 
understanding of the low-latency implementations for MIPv4.

-Basavaraj

> 
> I'd like to get working group feedback on the low latency draft and
> part of the route optimization draft.
> 
> First, how urgent is the need for the low latency draft to 
> become an RFC?
> I was rather disappointed to see that only a few people are 
> planning on
> implementing any part of this.  Given that, it's hard for me 
> to see whether
> there is any urgency at all.
> 
> Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might be stripped
> into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.  
> The background
> issue here is that the chairs (well, me) have sat on the 
> route optimization
> draft pending some resolution of the route optimization 
> issues for MIPv6.
> I'd like to have some feedback about the RO draft, so could you please
> comment
> on whether you are actually going to use any part of route 
> optimization
> (other
> than PFANE), and whether you'd like to push me to go ahead 
> and send route
> optimization for v4 to the IESG before the MIPv6 issues are 
> resolved.  Route
> optimization completed WG last call sometime before March of 
> this year.
> 
> Phil
> 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 19 11:48:13 2001
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From: George Tsirtsis <G.Tsirtsis@flarion.com>
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Hi Karim

Comments inline...

-----Original Message-----
From: Karim El-Malki (ERA) [mailto:Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 3:17 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


IMO unless we finish the work off people won't have a chance
to see if it fits their requirements. Until we have an RFC we
can't really say IETF has a stable solution for low latency
MIPv4 handoffs which people can implement and try out. Early
implementation is useful but few implementations doesn't
mean it shouldn't make it to RFC. We also need to consider that
low latency is closely knit to wireless (through L2 triggers and
their timing) which makes the real implementation harder than
many other drafts.

GT> I think that the community has been overwhelmed by the MIPv6 security
discussion and has reviewed the fast handoff specs very little. Also these
specs are full of new mechanisms...some of them very complex. Fast handoffs
are also "optimizations" and as Eric N. said recently, IETF is not very good
at producing optimization techniques. Even worst, parts of the fast handoff
specs are about optimizing the optimization...see Handoff To Third
(HTT)....what about the Forth, Fifth and Hundredth? What I am saying is that
the IETF must be very careful and rather conservative in this
standardization effort. Peer review and experimentation is needed here more
than anywhere.

 > 
 > Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might 
 > be stripped
 > into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency. 

The previous FA extension has no relation to the low latency draft.

GT> This is true.

In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
as soon as it attaches to the new FA.

GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very stable for long
time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the short term and
until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make before break
capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not needed. The only
reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are part of the Route
Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the MIPv6
security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue themselves...hence
the discussion about publishing them independently of Routing Optimization.

Regards
George


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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 17:04:52 +0100
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  > One possbility is to consider making the low-latency draft an
  > experimental RFC. That will give implementers an opportunity to
  > work with a spec that is "relatively" stable while 
  > discovering issues.
  > We could take it to proposed standard once we have a better 
  > understanding of the low-latency implementations for MIPv4.

=> Certainly, that's a possibility, but the question 
is why ?
I sure hope this wasn't due to the last presentation
in SLC. It was already shown on the mailing list
that the understanding of RFC2002 and the low 
latency draft were not correct in that implementation. 

I think the draft should move on, there is no need 
for more unnecessary delays. 

Hesham


  > 
  > -Basavaraj
  > 
  > > 
  > > I'd like to get working group feedback on the low latency 
  > draft and
  > > part of the route optimization draft.
  > > 
  > > First, how urgent is the need for the low latency draft to 
  > > become an RFC?
  > > I was rather disappointed to see that only a few people are 
  > > planning on
  > > implementing any part of this.  Given that, it's hard for me 
  > > to see whether
  > > there is any urgency at all.
  > > 
  > > Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft 
  > might be stripped
  > > into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.  
  > > The background
  > > issue here is that the chairs (well, me) have sat on the 
  > > route optimization
  > > draft pending some resolution of the route optimization 
  > > issues for MIPv6.
  > > I'd like to have some feedback about the RO draft, so 
  > could you please
  > > comment
  > > on whether you are actually going to use any part of route 
  > > optimization
  > > (other
  > > than PFANE), and whether you'd like to push me to go ahead 
  > > and send route
  > > optimization for v4 to the IESG before the MIPv6 issues are 
  > > resolved.  Route
  > > optimization completed WG last call sometime before March of 
  > > this year.
  > > 
  > > Phil
  > > 
  > 


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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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 > IMO unless we finish the work off people won't have a chance
 > to see if it fits their requirements. Until we have an RFC we
 > can't really say IETF has a stable solution for low latency
 > MIPv4 handoffs which people can implement and try out. Early
 > implementation is useful but few implementations doesn't
 > mean it shouldn't make it to RFC. We also need to consider that
 > low latency is closely knit to wireless (through L2 triggers and
 > their timing) which makes the real implementation harder than
 > many other drafts.
 > 
 > GT> I think that the community has been overwhelmed by the 
 > MIPv6 security
 > discussion and has reviewed the fast handoff specs very 
 > little. Also these
 > specs are full of new mechanisms...some of them very 
 > complex. Fast handoffs
 > are also "optimizations" and as Eric N. said recently, IETF 
 > is not very good
 > at producing optimization techniques. Even worst, parts of 
 > the fast handoff
 > specs are about optimizing the optimization...see Handoff To Third
 > (HTT)....what about the Forth, Fifth and Hundredth? What I 
 > am saying is that
 > the IETF must be very careful and rather conservative in this
 > standardization effort. Peer review and experimentation is 
 > needed here more
 > than anywhere.

I agree that experimentation is useful. The point is that here
experimentation is not easy since you need to make this work with
your wireless L2, so we can't expect everyone to implement it
or for it to fit all wireless systems. If there's no stable solution
there's no chance wireless people will implement this, so it would be
like going round in circles if we didn't finish this work. The lack of
fast MIP handoff on most L2s (as you say those which do not allow the
make-before-break where the MN talks both to oFA and nFA contemporarily)
has been given as a problem of Mobile IP which we aim to solve in low
latency. That's stated in the spec and is as far as this draft goes.
Regarding the optimisations I agree things should be kept simple but so
far people have not opposed things like HTT. By the way, HTT is a SHOULD
for those wireless systems where the MN moves fast enough for it not to be
able to register with nFA. It isn't needed for all cases. If you want
to propose ways of simplifying the spec like removing HTT or other parts
while keeping the basic functionality and the WG agrees I'm all for it.
My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.

 > In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
 > request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
 > L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
 > latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
 > as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
 > 
 > GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very 
 > stable for long
 > time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the 
 > short term and
 > until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make 
 > before break
 > capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not 
 > needed. The only
 > reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are 
 > part of the Route
 > Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the MIPv6
 > security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue 
 > themselves...hence
 > the discussion about publishing them independently of 
 > Routing Optimization.
 
I'm not against splitting PFANE from route opt. since I agree that
it solves a different problem than generic route opt.
However I can't agree with the argument that PFANE can be used for
loss-less handoff on the way to a next step. PFANE in route opt
is used after the MN has attached so that implies some latency/loss.
I say we provide the necessary fast handoff tools and let people
make their implementation choices.

/Karim



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On Wednesday, December 19, 2001, at 08:04 AM, Hesham Soliman (ERA) wrote:

> => Certainly, that's a possibility, but the question
> is why ?
> I sure hope this wasn't due to the last presentation
> in SLC. It was already shown on the mailing list
> that the understanding of RFC2002 and the low
> latency draft were not correct in that implementation.

This has not been shown, either on the mailing list or elsewhere.

>
> I think the draft should move on, there is no need
> for more unnecessary delays.
>

I agree that we need more implementation experience with these complex 
proposals. If we move the draft to proposed now, yes, more people will 
implement it, but only because they assume it's stable and 
well-understood, when that is not the case.

Jonathan

> Hesham
>
>
>>
>> -Basavaraj
>>
>>>
>>> I'd like to get working group feedback on the low latency
>> draft and
>>> part of the route optimization draft.
>>>
>>> First, how urgent is the need for the low latency draft to
>>> become an RFC?
>>> I was rather disappointed to see that only a few people are
>>> planning on
>>> implementing any part of this.  Given that, it's hard for me
>>> to see whether
>>> there is any urgency at all.
>>>
>>> Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft
>> might be stripped
>>> into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.
>>> The background
>>> issue here is that the chairs (well, me) have sat on the
>>> route optimization
>>> draft pending some resolution of the route optimization
>>> issues for MIPv6.
>>> I'd like to have some feedback about the RO draft, so
>> could you please
>>> comment
>>> on whether you are actually going to use any part of route
>>> optimization
>>> (other
>>> than PFANE), and whether you'd like to push me to go ahead
>>> and send route
>>> optimization for v4 to the IESG before the MIPv6 issues are
>>> resolved.  Route
>>> optimization completed WG last call sometime before March of
>>> this year.
>>>
>>> Phil
>>>
>>
>



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-----Original Message-----
From: Karim El-Malki (ERA) [mailto:Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 5:39 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


 > IMO unless we finish the work off people won't have a chance
 > to see if it fits their requirements. Until we have an RFC we
 > can't really say IETF has a stable solution for low latency
 > MIPv4 handoffs which people can implement and try out. Early
 > implementation is useful but few implementations doesn't
 > mean it shouldn't make it to RFC. We also need to consider that
 > low latency is closely knit to wireless (through L2 triggers and
 > their timing) which makes the real implementation harder than
 > many other drafts.
 > 
 > GT> I think that the community has been overwhelmed by the 
 > MIPv6 security
 > discussion and has reviewed the fast handoff specs very 
 > little. Also these
 > specs are full of new mechanisms...some of them very 
 > complex. Fast handoffs
 > are also "optimizations" and as Eric N. said recently, IETF 
 > is not very good
 > at producing optimization techniques. Even worst, parts of 
 > the fast handoff
 > specs are about optimizing the optimization...see Handoff To Third
 > (HTT)....what about the Forth, Fifth and Hundredth? What I 
 > am saying is that
 > the IETF must be very careful and rather conservative in this
 > standardization effort. Peer review and experimentation is 
 > needed here more
 > than anywhere.

I agree that experimentation is useful. The point is that here
experimentation is not easy since you need to make this work with
your wireless L2, so we can't expect everyone to implement it
or for it to fit all wireless systems. If there's no stable solution
there's no chance wireless people will implement this, so it would be
like going round in circles if we didn't finish this work. The lack of
fast MIP handoff on most L2s (as you say those which do not allow the
make-before-break where the MN talks both to oFA and nFA contemporarily)
has been given as a problem of Mobile IP which we aim to solve in low
latency. That's stated in the spec and is as far as this draft goes.
Regarding the optimisations I agree things should be kept simple but so
far people have not opposed things like HTT. By the way, HTT is a SHOULD
for those wireless systems where the MN moves fast enough for it not to be
able to register with nFA. It isn't needed for all cases. If you want
to propose ways of simplifying the spec like removing HTT or other parts
while keeping the basic functionality and the WG agrees I'm all for it.

GT> Yes I am saying that these specs are too big and complex to go through
the standards process as they are...they need to be broken down but to do
that we first need to figure out what is the basic functionality...

My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.

GT> If we do break them down then clearly we have some work to do before we
can push them forward.



 > In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
 > request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
 > L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
 > latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
 > as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
 > 
 > GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very 
 > stable for long
 > time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the 
 > short term and
 > until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make 
 > before break
 > capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not 
 > needed. The only
 > reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are 
 > part of the Route
 > Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the MIPv6
 > security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue 
 > themselves...hence
 > the discussion about publishing them independently of 
 > Routing Optimization.
 
I'm not against splitting PFANE from route opt. since I agree that
it solves a different problem than generic route opt.
However I can't agree with the argument that PFANE can be used for
loss-less handoff on the way to a next step. PFANE in route opt
is used after the MN has attached so that implies some latency/loss.
I say we provide the necessary fast handoff tools and let people
make their implementation choices.


GT> Karim, it is well understood that for Make Before Break handoffs such as
all the inter-technology handoffs and any good enough link layers that also
allow it there is no need for the fast handoff specs. These are specifically
needed for break before make handoffs. But lets not get hanged up on this
the point is that you also agree that the PFANE proposal could be
standardized independently.

Cheers
George


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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 19:01:06 +0100
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Jonathan Wood wrote:

  > > => Certainly, that's a possibility, but the question
  > > is why ?
  > > I sure hope this wasn't due to the last presentation
  > > in SLC. It was already shown on the mailing list
  > > that the understanding of RFC2002 and the low
  > > latency draft were not correct in that implementation.
  > 
  > This has not been shown, either on the mailing list or elsewhere.
  > 

=> Please see Karim's response to you some weeks
ago, I've attached it below in case you missed it.

Also the same claim is made in section 4.1.1 of your 
paper. This is clearly wrong. 

There are also other claims about race conditions which
are false.

  > 
  > I agree that we need more implementation experience with 
  > these complex 
  > proposals. If we move the draft to proposed now, yes, more 
  > people will 
  > implement it, but only because they assume it's stable and 
  > well-understood, when that is not the case.
  > 
  
=> So what do you propose ? Keep it a WG item for another
year till enough people prove that it is implementable ?


Hesham



-----Original Message-----
From: Karim El-Malki (ERA) 
Sent: den 7 november 2001 16:56
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Low Latency MIPv4 Handoffs: Coverage Area
Transit ion


> > > First I should call out one place where it looks like we may have
> > > differing assumptions. I assert that the MN MUST know whether or
> > > not it is in a PRE-REG or rfc2002 coverage area, since the actions
> > > it takes on movement detection will be different. For rfc2002, a
> > > MN typically on receipt on an advert will flush L2 caches and
> > > routing tables, add a default and host route through the FA, and
> > > send a registration reply.
> > 
> > It would do that after it received a registration reply. I 
> guess that's
> > what you meant.
> 
> Actually the MN can set the default route whenever it wants after it
> gets an advert; so far as I can tell rfc2002 is silent on the matter
> and it makes little difference. The implementation I am using sets
> the default route after getting the advert and before sending the
> registration request (yes I typoed above - s/reply/request/). This
> is significantly different for PRE-REG, where it is critical the
> default route is not reset until the MN is on the new FAs link. (You
> do touch on this in section 3.6.)

I don't think RFC2002bis is silent on this. It says the following under
MN considerations (4.2.1):

  When registered on a foreign network, the mobile node chooses a
  default router by the following rules:

     -  If the mobile node is registered using a foreign agent care-of
        address, it MAY use its foreign agent as a first-hop router.
     .....

From the above I understand that the MN chooses the default router
once registered and MAY use the FA with which it is registered. When a MN
has an active registration and receives another agent advertisement it
shouldn't immediately change default router. It has to do movement detection
and wait until a successful registration goes through before making routing
changes. Otherwise any ongoing communication (through the current FA) would
be disrupted since the new FA shouldn't let traffic through (to and from MN)
until it gets the successful reply.

/Karim


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Just a minor comment.

Anything that uses L2 triggers is extremely hard to implement
in a small laboratory kind of place. That is why you dont
see any implementations.

the same thing goes for FMIPv6. it is easy to implement the
anticipated part of it. Tunnel based handovers are just not
possible for us.

Vijay


"Karim El-Malki (ERA)" wrote:
> 
> IMO unless we finish the work off people won't have a chance
> to see if it fits their requirements. Until we have an RFC we
> can't really say IETF has a stable solution for low latency
> MIPv4 handoffs which people can implement and try out. Early
> implementation is useful but few implementations doesn't
> mean it shouldn't make it to RFC. We also need to consider that
> low latency is closely knit to wireless (through L2 triggers and
> their timing) which makes the real implementation harder than
> many other drafts.
> 
>  >
>  > Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might
>  > be stripped
>  > into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.
> 
> The previous FA extension has no relation to the low latency draft.
> In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
> request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
> L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
> latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
> as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
> 
> /Karim


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Karim,


> IMO unless we finish the work off people won't have a chance
> to see if it fits their requirements.

Well, this seems sort of backwards to me. Requirements should
be done first. However, in this case, we went right to
the solution because at the time we started the work,
there was a perceived need to have
the solution done quickly. If that need has abated or people
have changed their minds, then we need to revisit.

> Until we have an RFC we
> can't really say IETF has a stable solution for low latency
> MIPv4 handoffs which people can implement and try out. Early
> implementation is useful but few implementations doesn't
> mean it shouldn't make it to RFC. We also need to consider that
> low latency is closely knit to wireless (through L2 triggers and
> their timing) which makes the real implementation harder than
> many other drafts.
>

I think it is as important to have running code as to have rough
concensus. The difficulty with this work is that it is making
a performance claim. IETF has difficulty with performance claims,
since typically all that is important to approve a protocol
for draft standard is that the code run and some degree of
interoperability be
demonstrated. For proposed standard, even that level of implementability
is not necessary, except for routing protocols. Arguably, MIP is
a routing protocol, but recently the IESG seems to be backing
away from treating it like one.

My own opinion is that the IESG ought to require a protocol
making a performance claim to demonstrate that claim,
and, in particular, demonstrate when the claim holds
and when it doesn't. If there are other, similar protocols
that can make an equivalent or better claim that is
more broadly applicable, obviously they are better
candidates for standardization. Charaterizing a protocol
with a performance claim is critical for implementation
and deployment.

>  >
>  > Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might
>  > be stripped
>  > into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.
>
> The previous FA extension has no relation to the low latency draft.
> In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
> request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
> L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
> latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
> as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
>

PFANE is a form of "forwarding from previous care of address", which
provides an alternative to Prereg. Like Prereg, it allows the
MN to control movement. Because it is sent after the MN
moves to the new FA, it does not suffer from the problem of
having signaling cut off before completion, requiring the MN to
recover on the new FA, as does Prereg. Because it allows
the old FA to tunnel traffic for the MN, it maintains connectivity
until the routing update is done through the HA.
Based on our experiments with a similar, though slightly different,
technique, PFANE is likely to perform about as well as Prereg
when the MN is moving at the optimal speed, and much better where
Prereg performance deteriorates as the MN moves faster
or slower than the optimal speed. It should also perform
better than standard MIPv4 handover because the MN
doesn't have to wait for routing to change at the HA, but
not as good as Postreg because of the delay associated with
L2 handover and PFANE signalling. Of course, to verify
this, we will have to test PFANE.

Thus, I think PFANE is quite relevent to the low latency
work. I believe that it should be moved from the route
optimization draft to a separate draft, because the security
issues are much more straightforward. PFANE involves
security between FAs, which is solved problem, and not between
the MN and an arbitrary CN, which has proved a fairly
difficult problem to solve. Keeping these security issues
separate will help facilitate IESG approval.

However, I really think we need to uplevel the context
here a bit and look at the meta-issue. Phil's question at the meeting
about who was going to implement this work was not encouraging.
I had thought that 3GPP2 was an obvious customer,
but they already do something like Postreg for PPP.
If nobody is going to implement this work, or it
will just be implemented as a research project, then what
is the point of doing it? We should just make the whole
thing experimental and concentrate on getting FMIPv6
right.

            jak



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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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 > GT> Yes I am saying that these specs are too big and complex 
 > to go through
 > the standards process as they are...they need to be broken 
 > down but to do
 > that we first need to figure out what is the basic functionality...
 > 
 > My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.
 > 
 > GT> If we do break them down then clearly we have some work 
 > to do before we
 > can push them forward.

Going back to where we were several IETFs ago just sounds to me like
delaying the work. I thought basic functionality was already clear in
the doc through the MAY/SHOULD/MUSTs, but if not let's clarify it now.

 > 
 > GT> Karim, it is well understood that for Make Before Break 
 > handoffs such as
 > all the inter-technology handoffs and any good enough link 
 > layers that also
 > allow it there is no need for the fast handoff specs. These 
 > are specifically
 > needed for break before make handoffs. But lets not get 
 > hanged up on this
 > the point is that you also agree that the PFANE proposal could be
 > standardized independently.
 
We agree this is outside the scope of low latency. Appendix B spells
out that there MAY be different ways of doing fast handoffs in certain
cases.

/Karim


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George Tsirtsis wrote:

> GT> Yes I am saying that these specs are too big and complex to go through
> the standards process as they are...they need to be broken down but to do
> that we first need to figure out what is the basic functionality...

this is incredible. Why werent you protesting when FMIPv6 spec 
bloated from 25 pages to over 62 pages? It was nice and simple
when I started implemented it. 

Only a couple of us protested merging BETH with FMIPv6. I wish 
BETH had been a separate proposal.

regards
Vijay


> 
> My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.
> 
> GT> If we do break them down then clearly we have some work to do before we
> can push them forward.
> 
>  > In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
>  > request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
>  > L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
>  > latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
>  > as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
>  >
>  > GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very
>  > stable for long
>  > time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the
>  > short term and
>  > until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make
>  > before break
>  > capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not
>  > needed. The only
>  > reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are
>  > part of the Route
>  > Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the MIPv6
>  > security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue
>  > themselves...hence
>  > the discussion about publishing them independently of
>  > Routing Optimization.
> 
> I'm not against splitting PFANE from route opt. since I agree that
> it solves a different problem than generic route opt.
> However I can't agree with the argument that PFANE can be used for
> loss-less handoff on the way to a next step. PFANE in route opt
> is used after the MN has attached so that implies some latency/loss.
> I say we provide the necessary fast handoff tools and let people
> make their implementation choices.
> 
> GT> Karim, it is well understood that for Make Before Break handoffs such as
> all the inter-technology handoffs and any good enough link layers that also
> allow it there is no need for the fast handoff specs. These are specifically
> needed for break before make handoffs. But lets not get hanged up on this
> the point is that you also agree that the PFANE proposal could be
> standardized independently.
> 
> Cheers
> George


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George,


> GT> I think that the community has been overwhelmed by the MIPv6
security
> discussion and has reviewed the fast handoff specs very little. Also
these
> specs are full of new mechanisms...some of them very complex. Fast
handoffs
> are also "optimizations" and as Eric N. said recently, IETF is not
very good
> at producing optimization techniques.

I agree.

>Even worst, parts of the fast handoff
> specs are about optimizing the optimization...see Handoff To Third
> (HTT)....what about the Forth, Fifth and Hundredth?

I see you haven't read the spec. If you had, you would see
that the "Third" in this case is the highest it can go.

>What I am saying is that
> the IETF must be very careful and rather conservative in this
> standardization effort. Peer review and experimentation is needed here
more
> than anywhere.
>

I agree!!

>  >
>  > Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might
>  > be stripped
>  > into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.
>
> The previous FA extension has no relation to the low latency draft.
>
> GT> This is true.
>
> In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
> request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
> L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
> latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
> as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
>
> GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very stable for
long
> time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the short term
and
> until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make before break
> capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not needed. The only
> reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are part of the
Route
> Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the MIPv6
> security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue
themselves...hence
> the discussion about publishing them independently of Routing
Optimization.
>

I agree with this as well. PFANE can perform optimization now, and is
particularly important for protocols such as 802.11 in which the
MN controls movement. The only reason it is being held up is that the
security
issues of full route optimization are much more complex than the simple
FA/FA security
required for PFANE. Therefore, I think it needs to be moved into a
separate
draft.

                jak



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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  > 
  > Anything that uses L2 triggers is extremely hard to implement
  > in a small laboratory kind of place. That is why you dont
  > see any implementations.

=> Amen ! Especially if all you have is an ethernet
link. You can't claim to have implemented something
like BETH, POSTREG ...etc on an ethernet, unless you're
triggering it manually !

Hesham


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That was a reply to Vijay actually, don't know why
half my email disappeared !

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: Hesham Soliman (ERA) [mailto:hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se]
  > Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 7:27 PM
  > To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
  > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
  > 
  > 
  > => Amen ! Especially if all you have is an ethernet
  > link. You can't claim to have implemented something
  > like BETH, POSTREG ...etc on an ethernet, unless you're
  > triggering it manually !
  > 
  > Hesham
  > 


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Hesham,

> => Certainly, that's a possibility, but the question 
> is why ?
> I sure hope this wasn't due to the last presentation
> in SLC. It was already shown on the mailing list
> that the understanding of RFC2002 and the low 
> latency draft were not correct in that implementation. 
> 

This is a misrepresentation and has nothing to
do with the results shown in SLC.

I sent theoretical calculations to the list last summer
that showed exactly the same effect. In science,
when experimental results conform closely to
theoretical, it is known as "confirming the
theory." 

If you want to prove these wrong, then I suggest
you implement Prereg and show results that
contradict the ones I presented. We are not talking about
extraterristrial abductions here.

> I think the draft should move on, there is no need 
> for more unnecessary delays. 
> 
> 

I disagree.

One way to make progress is for the WG to
do the hard call and separate the two
proposals into two drafts, as I suggested
in SLC. Since the WG and chairs don't
seem inclined to make that hard call,
another way would be to move the
whole thing to experimental, as Raj
has proposed.

Meanwhile, we can separate out PFANE
from the route optimization draft, and
those who want something that's already
had a good deal of implementation
experience can use that.


                    jak



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Vijay,

Relax. All my references to Fast Handoffs are in plural...meaning both v4
and v6 specs....And yes, I also think that it was a mistake to merge BETH
(as well as HTT) in the specs, although I am partly responsible as a
co-author of FMIPv6 and since I let this happen in a moment of unbelievable
weakness or temporary insanity or both.

So, lets try to correct things.

George

-----Original Message-----
From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 6:23 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


George Tsirtsis wrote:

> GT> Yes I am saying that these specs are too big and complex to go through
> the standards process as they are...they need to be broken down but to do
> that we first need to figure out what is the basic functionality...

this is incredible. Why werent you protesting when FMIPv6 spec 
bloated from 25 pages to over 62 pages? It was nice and simple
when I started implemented it. 

Only a couple of us protested merging BETH with FMIPv6. I wish 
BETH had been a separate proposal.

regards
Vijay


> 
> My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.
> 
> GT> If we do break them down then clearly we have some work to do before
we
> can push them forward.
> 
>  > In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
>  > request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
>  > L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
>  > latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
>  > as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
>  >
>  > GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very
>  > stable for long
>  > time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the
>  > short term and
>  > until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make
>  > before break
>  > capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not
>  > needed. The only
>  > reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are
>  > part of the Route
>  > Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the MIPv6
>  > security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue
>  > themselves...hence
>  > the discussion about publishing them independently of
>  > Routing Optimization.
> 
> I'm not against splitting PFANE from route opt. since I agree that
> it solves a different problem than generic route opt.
> However I can't agree with the argument that PFANE can be used for
> loss-less handoff on the way to a next step. PFANE in route opt
> is used after the MN has attached so that implies some latency/loss.
> I say we provide the necessary fast handoff tools and let people
> make their implementation choices.
> 
> GT> Karim, it is well understood that for Make Before Break handoffs such
as
> all the inter-technology handoffs and any good enough link layers that
also
> allow it there is no need for the fast handoff specs. These are
specifically
> needed for break before make handoffs. But lets not get hanged up on this
> the point is that you also agree that the PFANE proposal could be
> standardized independently.
> 
> Cheers
> George


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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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James, 


  > 
  > I agree with this as well. PFANE can perform optimization 
  > now, and is
  > particularly important for protocols such as 802.11 in which the
  > MN controls movement. The only reason it is being held up 
  > is that the
  > security
  > issues of full route optimization are much more complex 
  > than the simple
  > FA/FA security
  > required for PFANE. Therefore, I think it needs to be moved into a
  > separate
  > draft.

=> I'm stunned by this discussion, I thought we were 
all aware of the existence of PFANE when we did 
the lowlatency draft ! Obviously I was wrong. 
The _entire_ purpose of the draft was to show
that the handover speed can be reduced due to
anticipation of the handover, so how can you 
possibly claim that PFANE is an alternative ?

Hesham


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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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 > PFANE is a form of "forwarding from previous care of address", which
 > provides an alternative to Prereg.

PFANE is an extension of the registration request so it's not really an
alternative. PFANE can be used as an extension to the pre-reg registration
request but I'm not necessarily saying this is a good idea.

 > Based on our experiments with a similar, though slightly different,
 > technique, PFANE is likely to perform about as well as Prereg
 > when the MN is moving at the optimal speed, and much better where
 > Prereg performance deteriorates as the MN moves faster
 > or slower than the optimal speed.

What is this optimal speed? Optimal for who? Hopefully not
Schumacher in his Ferrari ;-)

 > It should also perform
 > better than standard MIPv4 handover because the MN
 > doesn't have to wait for routing to change at the HA, but
 > not as good as Postreg because of the delay associated with
 > L2 handover and PFANE signalling. Of course, to verify
 > this, we will have to test PFANE.

How can pre-reg which anticipates the mobility be worse than
a protocol which runs after then MN has moved?

 > However, I really think we need to uplevel the context
 > here a bit and look at the meta-issue. Phil's question at the meeting
 > about who was going to implement this work was not encouraging.
 > I had thought that 3GPP2 was an obvious customer,
 > but they already do something like Postreg for PPP.
 > If nobody is going to implement this work, or it
 > will just be implemented as a research project, then what
 > is the point of doing it? We should just make the whole
 > thing experimental and concentrate on getting FMIPv6
 > right.

I think I've already said what I think about the implementation issue.
If we don't have a spec which is stable enough we're just going in circles.
How do you know what FMIPv6 is going to be used for? If you apply this
argument to low latency soon people will be applying the same to
FMIPv6 and we'll just go back to where we started. We should just
get low latency into some RFC form, do the same for FMIPv6 once
MIPv6 is done and put this issue aside awaiting real deployment.

There have been several specs which were not used because they
were not RFCs. 3GPP2 could well be a good example and provide a
reason why this work needs to be completed. RFCs can get revisited
as it becomes clear changes are needed.

/Karim




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Great!! But I am not sure how to proceed. I guess lot of work
went in merging BETH into FMIPv6. I can see Gopal getting ready
to kill me :)

Vijay

George Tsirtsis wrote:
> 
> Vijay,
> 
> Relax. All my references to Fast Handoffs are in plural...meaning both v4
> and v6 specs....And yes, I also think that it was a mistake to merge BETH
> (as well as HTT) in the specs, although I am partly responsible as a
> co-author of FMIPv6 and since I let this happen in a moment of unbelievable
> weakness or temporary insanity or both.
> 
> So, lets try to correct things.
> 
> George
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 6:23 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
> 
> George Tsirtsis wrote:
> 
> > GT> Yes I am saying that these specs are too big and complex to go through
> > the standards process as they are...they need to be broken down but to do
> > that we first need to figure out what is the basic functionality...
> 
> this is incredible. Why werent you protesting when FMIPv6 spec
> bloated from 25 pages to over 62 pages? It was nice and simple
> when I started implemented it.
> 
> Only a couple of us protested merging BETH with FMIPv6. I wish
> BETH had been a separate proposal.
> 
> regards
> Vijay
> 
> >
> > My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.
> >
> > GT> If we do break them down then clearly we have some work to do before
> we
> > can push them forward.
> >
> >  > In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
> >  > request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
> >  > L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
> >  > latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
> >  > as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
> >  >
> >  > GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very
> >  > stable for long
> >  > time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the
> >  > short term and
> >  > until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make
> >  > before break
> >  > capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not
> >  > needed. The only
> >  > reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are
> >  > part of the Route
> >  > Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the MIPv6
> >  > security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue
> >  > themselves...hence
> >  > the discussion about publishing them independently of
> >  > Routing Optimization.
> >
> > I'm not against splitting PFANE from route opt. since I agree that
> > it solves a different problem than generic route opt.
> > However I can't agree with the argument that PFANE can be used for
> > loss-less handoff on the way to a next step. PFANE in route opt
> > is used after the MN has attached so that implies some latency/loss.
> > I say we provide the necessary fast handoff tools and let people
> > make their implementation choices.
> >
> > GT> Karim, it is well understood that for Make Before Break handoffs such
> as
> > all the inter-technology handoffs and any good enough link layers that
> also
> > allow it there is no need for the fast handoff specs. These are
> specifically
> > needed for break before make handoffs. But lets not get hanged up on this
> > the point is that you also agree that the PFANE proposal could be
> > standardized independently.
> >
> > Cheers
> > George


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  > I sent theoretical calculations to the list last summer
  > that showed exactly the same effect. In science,
  > when experimental results conform closely to
  > theoretical, it is known as "confirming the
  > theory." 

=> Aha ! Thanks for the enlightenment, but you've missed
my point. Your theoritical analysis was 
based on an implementation on a cellular link
with certain characteristics (e.g. you had to 
send MIP signalling on the same channel as the
traffic data). Now your implementation is 
on an ethernet, so I'm not sure which theory 
that confirms.
In addition, the standard we follow is RFC2002, 
your implementation didn't follow that standard, 
so what do you disagree with when I say that 
the implementation is not correct ?
Please clarify this to me.


  > 
  > If you want to prove these wrong, then I suggest
  > you implement Prereg and show results that
  > contradict the ones I presented. We are not talking about
  > extraterristrial abductions here.

=> I don't have to implement it to show you 
you've done something wrong, I can read 
text ! section 4.1.1 of your paper is only one 
example of the wrong implementation  and there 
is more.
 
  > One way to make progress is for the WG to
  > do the hard call and separate the two
  > proposals into two drafts, as I suggested
  > in SLC. Since the WG and chairs don't
  > seem inclined to make that hard call,
  > another way would be to move the
  > whole thing to experimental, as Raj
  > has proposed.

=> Separating the draft again is simply 
irrational and takes us back a year. 
If the WG decides on the next steps, we
should abide of course, but I want to make
it clear that we have the right foundations
for othe decision. And that definitely (no offence) 
should not be based on the presentation in SLC, 
because anyone who reads the paper will realise
where the errors are. 

  > Meanwhile, we can separate out PFANE
  > from the route optimization draft, and
  > those who want something that's already
  > had a good deal of implementation
  > experience can use that.
  > 

=> I'm neutral to that, but what implementations
are you referring too. Is the route opt 
draft actually widely implemented ?
George T has an implementation, but does anyone 
else ? Just curious.

Hesham



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James,

We agree on most things in this thread so lets desagree on one :-)....see
below.

-----Original Message-----
From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 6:23 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested

...

>Even worst, parts of the fast handoff
> specs are about optimizing the optimization...see Handoff To Third
> (HTT)....what about the Forth, Fifth and Hundredth?

I see you haven't read the spec. If you had, you would see
that the "Third" in this case is the highest it can go.


GT> Actually I have.... Just because HTT is currently limited in scope it
does not mean that someone can not be tempted to extend it. HTT is for fast
mobiles. What about super fast mobiles? Say someone goes a bit mad and tries
to cover the bullet-train track with microcells...A bullet train can go
through a large number of microcells in very short time indeed!
Just kidding of course but you see my point about how far do you go with
optimizing something? Maybe specifying such an optimization separately would
help isolate the essential part of fast handoff from its
optimization...which is always a good thing.

George


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> I agree that experimentation is useful. The point is that here
> experimentation is not easy since you need to make this work with
> your wireless L2, so we can't expect everyone to implement it
> or for it to fit all wireless systems.

I disagree. Simulation has proven successful in a variety of
areas (particularly with routing protocols), and I think it
can be used quite successfully here. If one implements
the protocol for one particular wireless L2, that only proves
it works for that particular wireless L2. For another
wireless L2 with different properties, it may not
work.

>If there's no stable solution
> there's no chance wireless people will implement this, so it would be
> like going round in circles if we didn't finish this work. The lack of
> fast MIP handoff on most L2s (as you say those which do not allow the
> make-before-break where the MN talks both to oFA and nFA
contemporarily)
> has been given as a problem of Mobile IP which we aim to solve in low
> latency. That's stated in the spec and is as far as this draft goes.

Making it experimental should solve this problem.

> Regarding the optimisations I agree things should be kept simple but
so
> far people have not opposed things like HTT. By the way, HTT is a
SHOULD
> for those wireless systems where the MN moves fast enough for it not
to be
> able to register with nFA. It isn't needed for all cases. If you want
> to propose ways of simplifying the spec like removing HTT or other
parts
> while keeping the basic functionality and the WG agrees I'm all for
it.
> My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.
>

Making it experimental isn't putting it on hold, it is saying that we
don't know enough yet to make it standards track.

> I'm not against splitting PFANE from route opt. since I agree that
> it solves a different problem than generic route opt.
> However I can't agree with the argument that PFANE can be used for
> loss-less handoff on the way to a next step. PFANE in route opt
> is used after the MN has attached so that implies some latency/loss.

I disagree. If the old FA buffers traffic until it receives the PFANE
message, lossless handover is possible. The techniques
in the low latency draft require exactly the same support.
Buffering is required in any case during L2 handover when there is
absolutely no way to get traffic across L2 to the MN.

> I say we provide the necessary fast handoff tools and let people
> make their implementation choices.
>

If the IETF is approving a protocol with a performance claim,
then I think it is incumbent upon the authors of the protocol
that they prove that claim. A protocol that claims to be
have lower latency than standard MIPv4 should define when
it does and when or if it doesn't. The IETF isn't an
academic conference, it's a standards body. RFCs
are designed to be implemented and deployed. If the
IETF is making a recommendation that something
be implemented and deployed, it had better have
confidence that the protocol does what it says.

What ever happened to "running code?"

            jak



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Hesham,

Is this for me? I havent implemented BETH or POSTREQ.
And I never claimed I did. on the contrary, I was saying
that we cant implement anything which depends on L2 
triggers.

Vijay


"Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
> 
> That was a reply to Vijay actually, don't know why
> half my email disappeared !
> 
>   > -----Original Message-----
>   > From: Hesham Soliman (ERA) [mailto:hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se]
>   > Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 7:27 PM
>   > To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
>   > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
>   >
>   >
>   > => Amen ! Especially if all you have is an ethernet
>   > link. You can't claim to have implemented something
>   > like BETH, POSTREG ...etc on an ethernet, unless you're
>   > triggering it manually !
>   >
>   > Hesham
>   >


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Hesham,

> There are also other claims about race conditions which
> are false.
> 

Karim and I discussed this before the MIP meeting and
he agreed that Prereg has this problem, but so does
standard MIPv4. Are you saying that Karim is wrong
here?

Also, I would like you to specifically answer this question,
without any prevarication or attempt to divert the
debate in another direction:

        Do you disagree with the theoretical data presented
        to the list last summer, and the experimental data
        presented at the SLC meeting, that Prereg will
        have worse performance than standard MIPv4
        handover if the MN moves too fast for the
        Prereg signaling to complete while the MN
        is still on the old FA?

*That* is the issue, not the implementation. If you think
we implemented it wrong, then implement it yourself
and prove it!


> => So what do you propose ? Keep it a WG item for another
> year till enough people prove that it is implementable ?
> 

If Raj, Phil, and Thomas don't want to make the hard call
and separate out Prereg, then let's take the whole thing
to experimental. 

                jak



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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:07:10 +0100
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Vijay, 

I know, I was confirming what you said actually, 
I should say 'one can't claim to have implemented ...'
sorry for the confusion.

Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
  > Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 8:03 PM
  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
  > 
  > 
  > Hesham,
  > 
  > Is this for me? I havent implemented BETH or POSTREQ.
  > And I never claimed I did. on the contrary, I was saying
  > that we cant implement anything which depends on L2 
  > triggers.
  > 
  > Vijay
  > 
  > 
  > "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
  > > 
  > > That was a reply to Vijay actually, don't know why
  > > half my email disappeared !
  > > 
  > >   > -----Original Message-----
  > >   > From: Hesham Soliman (ERA) 
[mailto:hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se]
>   > Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 7:27 PM
>   > To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
>   > Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
>   >
>   >
>   > => Amen ! Especially if all you have is an ethernet
>   > link. You can't claim to have implemented something
>   > like BETH, POSTREG ...etc on an ethernet, unless you're
>   > triggering it manually !
>   >
>   > Hesham
>   >


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From: "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" <Karim.El-Malki@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:14:26 +0100
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 > Hesham,
 > 
 > > There are also other claims about race conditions which
 > > are false.
 > > 
 > 
 > Karim and I discussed this before the MIP meeting and
 > he agreed that Prereg has this problem, but so does
 > standard MIPv4. Are you saying that Karim is wrong
 > here?

Just to clarify I said exactly the opposite.....neither
will have such a condition. You send the reg. reply
before sending traffic to the MN, not the other way round.

/K.


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  > Karim and I discussed this before the MIP meeting and
  > he agreed that Prereg has this problem, but so does
  > standard MIPv4. Are you saying that Karim is wrong
  > here?

=> No I'm saying you are. Karim DISagreed with
this, I don't know how you got that impression
though.

  > 
  > Also, I would like you to specifically answer this question,
  > without any prevarication or attempt to divert the
  > debate in another direction:
  > 
  >         Do you disagree with the theoretical data presented
  >         to the list last summer, and the experimental data
  >         presented at the SLC meeting, that Prereg will
  >         have worse performance than standard MIPv4
  >         handover if the MN moves too fast for the
  >         Prereg signaling to complete while the MN
  >         is still on the old FA?


=> Sigh .....
James, IF you make certain assumptions on your link
layer capabilities(e.g. separating signalling
from payload bearers ...etc), then I agree, 
you would see that PREREG is not optimal. HOWEVER, 
these assumptions need not be made and I don't
know how many times we've discussed this and I said
the sentence above. 

So if you have this inflexible link layer, 
then use POST REG, this is the whole rationale
of the draft.

  > 
  > *That* is the issue, not the implementation. If you think
  > we implemented it wrong, then implement it yourself
  > and prove it!
  > 
=> Obviously you're not reading my messages. 
If I tell I've implemented IPv6 with 64 bit addresses, 
will you believe me ? Well if you think you have
to implement to prove me wrong then ...... well
it's strange to think that. 

So can you PLEASE answer my question on section 4.1.1 ?
otherwise there is no point in this discussion.

Hesham


  > 
  > If Raj, Phil, and Thomas don't want to make the hard call
  > and separate out Prereg, then let's take the whole thing
  > to experimental. 
  > 
=> Again, if that¨s what the WG wants we have to
go with it. BUT for the right reasons.

Hesham


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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Vijay,

Simulations are always possible. That's what we did. 

People have been using simulations to validate
the scalability of routing protocols for years. It is not possible
to deploy a huge network to test a routing protocol,
but a simulation can do it. 

I think this case is similar. It is not possible to implement
and deploy on all possible wireless protocols, so
a simulation that captures the important characteristics
of wireless protocols can help to characterize the
protocol.

I really hope others will do some simulation work,
and also for the FMIPv6 protocols.

            jak


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 10:12 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


> Just a minor comment.
> 
> Anything that uses L2 triggers is extremely hard to implement
> in a small laboratory kind of place. That is why you dont
> see any implementations.
> 
> the same thing goes for FMIPv6. it is easy to implement the
> anticipated part of it. Tunnel based handovers are just not
> possible for us.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> 
> "Karim El-Malki (ERA)" wrote:
> > 
> > IMO unless we finish the work off people won't have a chance
> > to see if it fits their requirements. Until we have an RFC we
> > can't really say IETF has a stable solution for low latency
> > MIPv4 handoffs which people can implement and try out. Early
> > implementation is useful but few implementations doesn't
> > mean it shouldn't make it to RFC. We also need to consider that
> > low latency is closely knit to wireless (through L2 triggers and
> > their timing) which makes the real implementation harder than
> > many other drafts.
> > 
> >  >
> >  > Second, it was proposed that PFANE from the RO draft might
> >  > be stripped
> >  > into a separate draft to accelerate progress on low latency.
> > 
> > The previous FA extension has no relation to the low latency draft.
> > In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
> > request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing the
> > L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3 handoff
> > latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in communication
> > as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
> > 
> > /Karim
> 



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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Hesham,

>   >
>   > I agree with this as well. PFANE can perform optimization
>   > now, and is
>   > particularly important for protocols such as 802.11 in which the
>   > MN controls movement. The only reason it is being held up
>   > is that the
>   > security
>   > issues of full route optimization are much more complex
>   > than the simple
>   > FA/FA security
>   > required for PFANE. Therefore, I think it needs to be moved into a
>   > separate
>   > draft.
>
> => I'm stunned by this discussion, I thought we were
> all aware of the existence of PFANE when we did
> the lowlatency draft !

Well, maybe we missed it because it was bundled
into the route optimization draft. I don't think
there is any harm in admiting that a simple existing
technique which we know works is preferable
to something that is not yet well understood,
for the short term.

>Obviously I was wrong.

Really?!

> The _entire_ purpose of the draft was to show
> that the handover speed can be reduced due to
> anticipation of the handover, so how can you
> possibly claim that PFANE is an alternative ?
>

The simulation results we did showed that a technique
similar to PFANE worked about as well as Prereg.
The paper is at
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
t
Of course, we will have to do simulations for
PFANE itself to be sure.

            jak



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Karim,

> PFANE is an extension of the registration request so it's not really
an
> alternative. PFANE can be used as an extension to the pre-reg
registration
> request but I'm not necessarily saying this is a good idea.
>

It is an alternative because it does forwarding from previous FA by
tunneling, exactly like Postreg, so the MN keeps getting its
traffic while routing is updated on the HA.

>  > Based on our experiments with a similar, though slightly different,
>  > technique, PFANE is likely to perform about as well as Prereg
>  > when the MN is moving at the optimal speed, and much better where
>  > Prereg performance deteriorates as the MN moves faster
>  > or slower than the optimal speed.
>
> What is this optimal speed? Optimal for who? Hopefully not
> Schumacher in his Ferrari ;-)
>

Given a 10 ms latency on the radio link, movement of
the MN is such that:

For a 9.6 kbps radio link, the time between L2 handover
and the prehandover  trigger is between 110 and 300 ms.

For a 15 kbps radio link, the time between L2 handover
and the prehandover trigger is between 65 and 160 ms.

For a 300 kbps radio link, the time between L2 handover
and the prehandover trigger is between 20 and 80 ms.

That's what I mean by optimal. For other radio link
latency and other data rates, the region is different
(which is part of the problem).

>  > It should also perform
>  > better than standard MIPv4 handover because the MN
>  > doesn't have to wait for routing to change at the HA, but
>  > not as good as Postreg because of the delay associated with
>  > L2 handover and PFANE signalling. Of course, to verify
>  > this, we will have to test PFANE.
>
> How can pre-reg which anticipates the mobility be worse than
> a protocol which runs after then MN has moved?
>

Because if the MN is moving so fast that it fails to complete
the Prereg signaling on the old FA, it needs to recover
with standard MIPv4 signaling on the new FA. While
on the old FA, data traffic is blocked because of
the Prereg signaling. While on the new FA, it can't
get traffic until the routing changes on the HA.
Please see
http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf
for details.

> I think I've already said what I think about the implementation issue.
> If we don't have a spec which is stable enough we're just going in
circles.
> How do you know what FMIPv6 is going to be used for? If you apply this
> argument to low latency soon people will be applying the same to
> FMIPv6 and we'll just go back to where we started. We should just
> get low latency into some RFC form, do the same for FMIPv6 once
> MIPv6 is done and put this issue aside awaiting real deployment.
>
> There have been several specs which were not used because they
> were not RFCs. 3GPP2 could well be a good example and provide a
> reason why this work needs to be completed. RFCs can get revisited
> as it becomes clear changes are needed.
>

I agree that the specs need to be stabilized. The question before the WG
is how. I don't want something to get the imprinteur of an IETF standard
before it is well understood and known to work.

            jak




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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Vjay,

We are trying to do a complete job with FMIPv6. We did
a lot of work on specifying interaction that was not
done for low latency.

Besides, there is no guarantee that the same discussion
won't occur for FMIPv6 when we have similar simulation
results, though I am willing to wait until the data are
in before making any claims. My feeling is that
the discussion here is not about whether the spec
is too complex, it is more about whether the
theoretical and experimental results presented
so far are sufficient to judge the Prereg
performance claims as inferior. And whether
the promising results for a technique similar
to PFANE are sufficient to justify considering
it as an alternative for Prereg. Perhaps
making the spec simpler would faciliatate
understanding and IESG approval (I'm
told 40 pages is the maximum if you
want the IESG to read it in a short
period of time), but to my mind that
is the lesser issue.

            jak


----- Original Message -----
From: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 10:47 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


> Great!! But I am not sure how to proceed. I guess lot of work
> went in merging BETH into FMIPv6. I can see Gopal getting ready
> to kill me :)
>
> Vijay
>
> George Tsirtsis wrote:
> >
> > Vijay,
> >
> > Relax. All my references to Fast Handoffs are in plural...meaning
both v4
> > and v6 specs....And yes, I also think that it was a mistake to merge
BETH
> > (as well as HTT) in the specs, although I am partly responsible as a
> > co-author of FMIPv6 and since I let this happen in a moment of
unbelievable
> > weakness or temporary insanity or both.
> >
> > So, lets try to correct things.
> >
> > George
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> > Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 6:23 PM
> > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
> >
> > George Tsirtsis wrote:
> >
> > > GT> Yes I am saying that these specs are too big and complex to go
through
> > > the standards process as they are...they need to be broken down
but to do
> > > that we first need to figure out what is the basic
functionality...
> >
> > this is incredible. Why werent you protesting when FMIPv6 spec
> > bloated from 25 pages to over 62 pages? It was nice and simple
> > when I started implemented it.
> >
> > Only a couple of us protested merging BETH with FMIPv6. I wish
> > BETH had been a separate proposal.
> >
> > regards
> > Vijay
> >
> > >
> > > My point is that this doesn't justify putting low latency on hold.
> > >
> > > GT> If we do break them down then clearly we have some work to do
before
> > we
> > > can push them forward.
> > >
> > >  > In fact the PFANE is sent by the MN along with the registration
> > >  > request when it has attached to the new FA and is completing
the
> > >  > L3 handoff. The low latency solutions aim at reducing L3
handoff
> > >  > latency to zero, which means that the MN must be in
communication
> > >  > as soon as it attaches to the new FA.
> > >  >
> > >  > GT> The point is though that PFANE extension has been very
> > >  > stable for long
> > >  > time and provides lossless handoff that can be used in the
> > >  > short term and
> > >  > until either fast handoffs mature or link layers get make
> > >  > before break
> > >  > capability...in which case fast handoff specs are not
> > >  > needed. The only
> > >  > reason PFANEs are not a standard today is because they are
> > >  > part of the Route
> > >  > Optimization draft that is notionaly kept behind because of the
MIPv6
> > >  > security discussion. Yet PFANEs have no security issue
> > >  > themselves...hence
> > >  > the discussion about publishing them independently of
> > >  > Routing Optimization.
> > >
> > > I'm not against splitting PFANE from route opt. since I agree that
> > > it solves a different problem than generic route opt.
> > > However I can't agree with the argument that PFANE can be used for
> > > loss-less handoff on the way to a next step. PFANE in route opt
> > > is used after the MN has attached so that implies some
latency/loss.
> > > I say we provide the necessary fast handoff tools and let people
> > > make their implementation choices.
> > >
> > > GT> Karim, it is well understood that for Make Before Break
handoffs such
> > as
> > > all the inter-technology handoffs and any good enough link layers
that
> > also
> > > allow it there is no need for the fast handoff specs. These are
> > specifically
> > > needed for break before make handoffs. But lets not get hanged up
on this
> > > the point is that you also agree that the PFANE proposal could be
> > > standardized independently.
> > >
> > > Cheers
> > > George
>



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Hesham,

----- 
Hesham,

> => Aha ! Thanks for the enlightenment, but you've missed
> my point. Your theoritical analysis was 
> based on an implementation on a cellular link
> with certain characteristics (e.g. you had to 
> send MIP signalling on the same channel as the
> traffic data). Now your implementation is 
> on an ethernet, so I'm not sure which theory 
> that confirms.

Look at the simulation description
in http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf. 
The simulation was designed to work like a cellular link
(10 ms latency on the simulated radio channel).

> In addition, the standard we follow is RFC2002, 
> your implementation didn't follow that standard, 
> so what do you disagree with when I say that 
> the implementation is not correct ?
> Please clarify this to me.
> 

Again, you are misrepresenting the discussion that
Jon and Karim had on the mailing list. Our
code was based on Solaris MIPv4, which 
implements RFC2002. How can you say
that our implementation doesn't follow
the standard when you've never looked at it?

> 
>   > 
>   > If you want to prove these wrong, then I suggest
>   > you implement Prereg and show results that
>   > contradict the ones I presented. We are not talking about
>   > extraterristrial abductions here.
> 
> => I don't have to implement it to show you 
> you've done something wrong, I can read 
> text ! section 4.1.1 of your paper is only one 
> example of the wrong implementation  and there 
> is more.
>  

No, but you have to implement something
to prove to the working group
that you've done something worth having
lots of people implement as a standard. IETF
is not an academic conference where people
publish theoretical papers then everybody
forgets about them. The work we do is
implemented and deployed by many companies
at great expense. It is incumbent upon us 
to prove that what we promote as a standard
works as claimed.

Now, Jon and I have done some implementation
work that shows Prereg doesn't work very
well for particular kinds of radio links. You
and Karim are the authors of Prereg. If you
think we are wrong, implement it yourselves
and prove us wrong!

> => Separating the draft again is simply 
> irrational and takes us back a year. 
> If the WG decides on the next steps, we
> should abide of course, but I want to make
> it clear that we have the right foundations
> for othe decision. And that definitely (no offence) 
> should not be based on the presentation in SLC, 
> because anyone who reads the paper will realise
> where the errors are. 
> 

Hesham, I've argued from the start that the
WG should select either one or another of
the techniques. The so-called "errors" in
the SLC presentation are your misrepresentations
of conversations between Jon and Karim on
the mailing list. You have not ever addressed
my specific question of Prereg's failure
when the MN is moving too fast to
complete the Prereg signaling on the
old FA.

Until you address this, your arguments are
completely baseless. 


            jak



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George,

> GT> Actually I have.... Just because HTT is currently limited in scope
it
> does not mean that someone can not be tempted to extend it. HTT is for
fast
> mobiles. What about super fast mobiles? Say someone goes a bit mad and
tries
> to cover the bullet-train track with microcells...A bullet train can
go
> through a large number of microcells in very short time indeed!
> Just kidding of course but you see my point about how far do you go
with
> optimizing something?

Well, my sense of humor seems to have atrophied this morning.
Maybe I need to go get stem cell therapy or something to get it back.
:-)

Actually, I don't see the need for anything further. And HTT is not
just for superfast mobiles. It also works if the mobile wants
to postpone getting a new care of address for any reason.

Maybe the name sounds too "bell-shaped" for you?

> Maybe specifying such an optimization separately would
> help isolate the essential part of fast handoff from its
> optimization...which is always a good thing.
>

I don't think so. IMHO, the fundamental problems are that:

1) Simulation results indicate that Prereg performance could be worse
the standard MIPv4 for certain kinds of radio links.

2) Postreg doesn't handle MN initiated handover.

We can solve 2) with PFANE. We can solve 1) by making Prereg
informational or experimental so it is not Least Required to
Implement for the standard.

If the WG doesn't want to make the hard call, then let's take low
latency to experimental and separate out PFANE as standards
track for now.

It might be worthwhile looking at splitting the draft up just to
facilitate the IESG reading it, but that's a separate issue from
what should be a proposed standard and what not. I think
we ought to settle that issue first.

            jak



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Hesham,

> => No I'm saying you are. Karim DISagreed with
> this, I don't know how you got that impression
> though.
> 

Because he told me that both standard MIPv4
and Prereg have this problem. And if you
look at the spec, you will see this is so.

Karim...are you there? Did we not have
this conversation in SLC?


>   > 
>   > Also, I would like you to specifically answer this question,
>   > without any prevarication or attempt to divert the
>   > debate in another direction:
>   > 
>   >         Do you disagree with the theoretical data presented
>   >         to the list last summer, and the experimental data
>   >         presented at the SLC meeting, that Prereg will
>   >         have worse performance than standard MIPv4
>   >         handover if the MN moves too fast for the
>   >         Prereg signaling to complete while the MN
>   >         is still on the old FA?
> 
> 
> => Sigh .....
> James, IF you make certain assumptions on your link
> layer capabilities(e.g. separating signalling

You mean having the same signaling and bearer...

> from payload bearers ...etc), then I agree, 
> you would see that PREREG is not optimal. HOWEVER, 
> these assumptions need not be made and I don't
> know how many times we've discussed this and I said
> the sentence above. 
> 

But the point is that Postreg does not have these
problems regardless of *what* assumptions you
make about the radio link. And neither does
PFANE.

> So if you have this inflexible link layer, 
> then use POST REG, this is the whole rationale
> of the draft.
> 

Then what is the point of even having Prereg? 
PFANE and Postreg both cover the space
of what the MN and network need, and
what Layer 2 triggers might be provided.


> => Obviously you're not reading my messages. 
> If I tell I've implemented IPv6 with 64 bit addresses, 
> will you believe me ? Well if you think you have
> to implement to prove me wrong then ...... well
> it's strange to think that. 
> 
> So can you PLEASE answer my question on section 4.1.1 ?
> otherwise there is no point in this discussion.
> 

As I've said, you have misrepresented the discussion
between Jon and Karim on the mailing list. Jon implemented
our version of low latency in accordance with RFC 2002
and draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs.txt. 

Now YOU answer MY question:

        Given that you admit that certain combinations of
        radio link parameters will result in suboptimal
        preformance for Prereg, and that both Postreg
        and PFANE don't have this problem, what is
        the point of keeping Prereg in the spec?


            jak



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Karim,


> Just to clarify I said exactly the opposite.....neither
> will have such a condition. You send the reg. reply
> before sending traffic to the MN, not the other way round.
> 

Right, the HA sends it...but that doesn't guarantee that it
will get to the FA before the MN's traffic gets there. 

Anyway, we differ on what we remember about this.
Rashoman...

            jak



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Subject: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked
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Looks like I asked the wrong question.

So, here's the question I'd like an answer to:

- how many people are planning on this list are planning to *use* the MIP v4
low latency draft?  Please
identify yourselves.


Re: the other items.  The exchanges back and forth on the claims made about
the performance
of what's in the low latency draft don't seem to be getting us anywhere.
Could we have two
things:
1) discussions about who said and who claimed what off the list
2) results and rebuttals written up in draft format.  I know this takes
longer, but it's a lot
easier to point to that and read it than something that is thrown on the
list.





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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] On Promoting the Low Latency Document
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:29:59 -0500
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One of the difficulties is that Low Latency claims to document methods for
improving the
performance of plain MIP.  This is somewhat different than the claim
typically made that
a protocol will work.  Perhaps a document with this sort of claim deserves a
treatment
different than what is normally given to Proposed Standards.  There are a
couple of ways
this could be done - through the experimental process to allow implementors
time to determine
how it actually stands up to the claims made for it, or through more work up
front with
implementations and analysis of those.


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked
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Hi Phil,

> So, here's the question I'd like an answer to:
>
> - how many people are planning on this list are planning to *use* the
MIP v4
> low latency draft?  Please
> identify yourselves.
>

We have a project here at DoCoMo Labs USA in which we are planning
to use the MIPv4 low latency draft (and possibly PFANE now that it has
come up,
we haven't discussed it yet). However, we are not planning this as a
product
or for deployment purposes, but rather as research. Our goal is to
characterize the different algorithms.

>
> Re: the other items.  The exchanges back and forth on the claims made
about
> the performance
> of what's in the low latency draft don't seem to be getting us
anywhere.
> Could we have two
> things:
> 1) discussions about who said and who claimed what off the list

OK.

> 2) results and rebuttals written up in draft format.  I know this
takes
> longer, but it's a lot
> easier to point to that and read it than something that is thrown on
the
> list.
>

Sure, I've been in favor of this all along.

            jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] On Promoting the Low Latency Document
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Hi Phil,

> One of the difficulties is that Low Latency claims to document methods
for
> improving the
> performance of plain MIP.  This is somewhat different than the claim
> typically made that
> a protocol will work.  Perhaps a document with this sort of claim
deserves a
> treatment
> different than what is normally given to Proposed Standards.  There
are a
> couple of ways
> this could be done - through the experimental process to allow
implementors
> time to determine
> how it actually stands up to the claims made for it, or through more
work up
> front with
> implementations and analysis of those.
>

I agree with this. The problem is that, by IETF rules, this is not
strictly
necessary. So it becomes a judgement call on the part of the WG chairs
and ADs, and therefore subject to second guessing from disgruntled
WG members.

Long term, perhaps we need to start a Poisson action to modify the IETF
rules
in this area. Short term, I like Raj's idea of taking the low latency
document to
experimental until more people have had a chance to implement and
characterize it.


                jak



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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked
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Hello Phil,
We are implementing low latency handoff draft. Probably we 
will have some results by March. 
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Phil Roberts [mailto:PRoberts@MEGISTO.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 2:25 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked


Looks like I asked the wrong question.

So, here's the question I'd like an answer to:

- how many people are planning on this list are planning to *use* the MIP v4
low latency draft?  Please
identify yourselves.


Re: the other items.  The exchanges back and forth on the claims made about
the performance
of what's in the low latency draft don't seem to be getting us anywhere.
Could we have two
things:
1) discussions about who said and who claimed what off the list
2) results and rebuttals written up in draft format.  I know this takes
longer, but it's a lot
easier to point to that and read it than something that is thrown on the
list.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 19 23:48:05 2001
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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:39:39 -0800
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Few general comments....

The discussions on FMIPv4 surely
maps to FMIPv6... (an obvious
observation)

I think while PFANE is an improvement
over regular MIPv4 as far as low
latency is concerned, I don't think
it can be as fast as prereg. Exchanging
protocol signaling after the L2 handover would 
be slower.

I think both approaches have L2 trigger
requirements. How can one not require any?
So saying postreg requires triggers is
misleading. prereg does too.
It's just they have different L2 trigger
requirements.

Because what postreg requires (source/target triggers)
is not available on every link, we need prereg. And that's 
where people can use prereg. I think this is obvious 
even without comparing numbers.

alper






----- Original Message ----- 
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 11:52 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


> Hesham,
> 
> ----- 
> Hesham,
> 
> > => Aha ! Thanks for the enlightenment, but you've missed
> > my point. Your theoritical analysis was 
> > based on an implementation on a cellular link
> > with certain characteristics (e.g. you had to 
> > send MIP signalling on the same channel as the
> > traffic data). Now your implementation is 
> > on an ethernet, so I'm not sure which theory 
> > that confirms.
> 
> Look at the simulation description
> in http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf. 
> The simulation was designed to work like a cellular link
> (10 ms latency on the simulated radio channel).
> 
> > In addition, the standard we follow is RFC2002, 
> > your implementation didn't follow that standard, 
> > so what do you disagree with when I say that 
> > the implementation is not correct ?
> > Please clarify this to me.
> > 
> 
> Again, you are misrepresenting the discussion that
> Jon and Karim had on the mailing list. Our
> code was based on Solaris MIPv4, which 
> implements RFC2002. How can you say
> that our implementation doesn't follow
> the standard when you've never looked at it?
> 
> > 
> >   > 
> >   > If you want to prove these wrong, then I suggest
> >   > you implement Prereg and show results that
> >   > contradict the ones I presented. We are not talking about
> >   > extraterristrial abductions here.
> > 
> > => I don't have to implement it to show you 
> > you've done something wrong, I can read 
> > text ! section 4.1.1 of your paper is only one 
> > example of the wrong implementation  and there 
> > is more.
> >  
> 
> No, but you have to implement something
> to prove to the working group
> that you've done something worth having
> lots of people implement as a standard. IETF
> is not an academic conference where people
> publish theoretical papers then everybody
> forgets about them. The work we do is
> implemented and deployed by many companies
> at great expense. It is incumbent upon us 
> to prove that what we promote as a standard
> works as claimed.
> 
> Now, Jon and I have done some implementation
> work that shows Prereg doesn't work very
> well for particular kinds of radio links. You
> and Karim are the authors of Prereg. If you
> think we are wrong, implement it yourselves
> and prove us wrong!
> 
> > => Separating the draft again is simply 
> > irrational and takes us back a year. 
> > If the WG decides on the next steps, we
> > should abide of course, but I want to make
> > it clear that we have the right foundations
> > for othe decision. And that definitely (no offence) 
> > should not be based on the presentation in SLC, 
> > because anyone who reads the paper will realise
> > where the errors are. 
> > 
> 
> Hesham, I've argued from the start that the
> WG should select either one or another of
> the techniques. The so-called "errors" in
> the SLC presentation are your misrepresentations
> of conversations between Jon and Karim on
> the mailing list. You have not ever addressed
> my specific question of Prereg's failure
> when the MN is moving too fast to
> complete the Prereg signaling on the
> old FA.
> 
> Until you address this, your arguments are
> completely baseless. 
> 
> 
>             jak
> 
> 



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 04:14:34 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] icmpv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 19 Dec 2001 07:40:40 PST.
             <NDBBJKCANKEKAMDAPIHPAEMFCCAA.sgoswami@umich.edu> 
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:12:09 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   sorry, i still do not understand what you are trying to say.
   
=> argh! I can't say really more than the specs...

   consider the following
   
   0x01:0xY:0xAAAAAAAA
   
=> 0x01:0xYY:0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

   questions are:
   1. what is the value of Y ?

=> 0x02 if there is no extra padding.

   2. If it is 2 then where and what padding do you
      add ?
   
                           The content and format of this field (including
                           byte and bit ordering) is expected to be specified
                           in specific documents that describe how IPv6
                           operates over different link layers.  For instance,
                           [IPv6-ETHER].

=> so there should be a specific (to the link-layer) document that
describes how IPv6 operates over this link-layer and specifies
the content and format of the link-layer address field, including
the padding because 2+8 != 0 [8]. I don't know a link-layer using
EUI 64 as addresses nor an IPv6 over foo document for it. But IMHO
the only thing should be to decide where to put the padding, likely
after the length field in order to keep the address 8 byte aligned.
(BTW can you say more about the link-layer using EUI 64 as addresses?)

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:18:16 +0100
From: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.pettersson@era-t.ericsson.se>
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Hi Peter,

"Peter Grimstrup (TED)" wrote:
> 
> I'm not very familiar with the ND procedures, but anyway here is
> my question:
> 
> Section 9.1 in ID-15 says:
>                                                 "The lifetime for
> the each Binding Cache entry MUST NOT be greater than the minimum
> remaining valid lifetime for all subnet prefixes on the mobile
> node's home link."
> 
> When a prefix is no longer to be used, the lifetime is decreased
> eventually to zero, when the prefix is removed.
> While decreasing the lifetime, i.e. when the value has become
> "low", it doesn't seem reasonable to use this value as limit
> on granted lifetime of a BU.
> Could this be avoided by only minimising over prefixes with
> nonzero preferred lifetime - or have I misunderstood?

There's something on this as well:

9.8.4. Lifetimes for Changed Prefixes

   As described in Section 9.1, the lifetime returned by the home
   agent in a Binding Acknowledgement MUST be no greater than the
   remaining valid lifetime for the subnet prefix in the mobile node's
   home address.  Furthermore, as described in Section 10.9, Binding
   Updates sent by the mobile node to other nodes MUST use a lifetime no
   greater than the remaining lifetime of its home registration of its
   primary care-of address.  These limits on the binding lifetime serve
   to prohibit use of a mobile node's home address after it becomes
   invalid.  The mobile node SHOULD further limit the lifetimes that it
   sends on any Binding Updates to be within the remaining preferred
   lifetime for the prefix in its home address.


So MN SHOULD limit BU lifetime to preferred lifetime, and HA MUST limit
it to valid lifetime. Sounds fine to me. Deprecated (pref <= 0)
addresses are still valid to use.

/Mattias

> 
> Thanks
>         Peter
> ----------------------------------------------------------------
> Peter Grimstrup          Systems Developer
> Ericsson Telebit A/S     tel: +45 89 38 52 75
> Skanderborgvej 232       fax: +45 89 38 51 01
> DK 8260 Viby J, Denmark  e-mail: peter.grimstrup@ted.ericsson.dk


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 05:31:12 2001
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From: George Tsirtsis <G.Tsirtsis@flarion.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked
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Ajoy,

Is it possible to tell us which parts?

Thanks
George

-----Original Message-----
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 [mailto:ASINGH1@motorola.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 10:23 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked


Hello Phil,
We are implementing low latency handoff draft. Probably we 
will have some results by March. 
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Phil Roberts [mailto:PRoberts@MEGISTO.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 2:25 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked


Looks like I asked the wrong question.

So, here's the question I'd like an answer to:

- how many people are planning on this list are planning to *use* the MIP v4
low latency draft?  Please
identify yourselves.


Re: the other items.  The exchanges back and forth on the claims made about
the performance
of what's in the low latency draft don't seem to be getting us anywhere.
Could we have two
things:
1) discussions about who said and who claimed what off the list
2) results and rebuttals written up in draft format.  I know this takes
longer, but it's a lot
easier to point to that and read it than something that is thrown on the
list.



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 05:50:10 2001
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From: George Tsirtsis <G.Tsirtsis@flarion.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 05:48:11 -0500
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Yes, I do not know where the idea of PFANE *replacing* fast handoffs came
from. What I said is that make before break handoffs do not need fast
handoffs, which I hope is well understood since it was clearly stated when
we started working on fast handoffs...Yet for break before make these are
essential for good performance.

PFANE can help with packet loss not with letancy.

George

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 4:40 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


Few general comments....

The discussions on FMIPv4 surely
maps to FMIPv6... (an obvious
observation)

I think while PFANE is an improvement
over regular MIPv4 as far as low
latency is concerned, I don't think
it can be as fast as prereg. Exchanging
protocol signaling after the L2 handover would 
be slower.

I think both approaches have L2 trigger
requirements. How can one not require any?
So saying postreg requires triggers is
misleading. prereg does too.
It's just they have different L2 trigger
requirements.

Because what postreg requires (source/target triggers)
is not available on every link, we need prereg. And that's 
where people can use prereg. I think this is obvious 
even without comparing numbers.

alper






----- Original Message ----- 
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 11:52 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested


> Hesham,
> 
> ----- 
> Hesham,
> 
> > => Aha ! Thanks for the enlightenment, but you've missed
> > my point. Your theoritical analysis was 
> > based on an implementation on a cellular link
> > with certain characteristics (e.g. you had to 
> > send MIP signalling on the same channel as the
> > traffic data). Now your implementation is 
> > on an ethernet, so I'm not sure which theory 
> > that confirms.
> 
> Look at the simulation description
> in http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf. 
> The simulation was designed to work like a cellular link
> (10 ms latency on the simulated radio channel).
> 
> > In addition, the standard we follow is RFC2002, 
> > your implementation didn't follow that standard, 
> > so what do you disagree with when I say that 
> > the implementation is not correct ?
> > Please clarify this to me.
> > 
> 
> Again, you are misrepresenting the discussion that
> Jon and Karim had on the mailing list. Our
> code was based on Solaris MIPv4, which 
> implements RFC2002. How can you say
> that our implementation doesn't follow
> the standard when you've never looked at it?
> 
> > 
> >   > 
> >   > If you want to prove these wrong, then I suggest
> >   > you implement Prereg and show results that
> >   > contradict the ones I presented. We are not talking about
> >   > extraterristrial abductions here.
> > 
> > => I don't have to implement it to show you 
> > you've done something wrong, I can read 
> > text ! section 4.1.1 of your paper is only one 
> > example of the wrong implementation  and there 
> > is more.
> >  
> 
> No, but you have to implement something
> to prove to the working group
> that you've done something worth having
> lots of people implement as a standard. IETF
> is not an academic conference where people
> publish theoretical papers then everybody
> forgets about them. The work we do is
> implemented and deployed by many companies
> at great expense. It is incumbent upon us 
> to prove that what we promote as a standard
> works as claimed.
> 
> Now, Jon and I have done some implementation
> work that shows Prereg doesn't work very
> well for particular kinds of radio links. You
> and Karim are the authors of Prereg. If you
> think we are wrong, implement it yourselves
> and prove us wrong!
> 
> > => Separating the draft again is simply 
> > irrational and takes us back a year. 
> > If the WG decides on the next steps, we
> > should abide of course, but I want to make
> > it clear that we have the right foundations
> > for othe decision. And that definitely (no offence) 
> > should not be based on the presentation in SLC, 
> > because anyone who reads the paper will realise
> > where the errors are. 
> > 
> 
> Hesham, I've argued from the start that the
> WG should select either one or another of
> the techniques. The so-called "errors" in
> the SLC presentation are your misrepresentations
> of conversations between Jon and Karim on
> the mailing list. You have not ever addressed
> my specific question of Prereg's failure
> when the MN is moving too fast to
> complete the Prereg signaling on the
> old FA.
> 
> Until you address this, your arguments are
> completely baseless. 
> 
> 
>             jak
> 
> 


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To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 12:10:07 +0100
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  > >   > I agree with this as well. PFANE can perform optimization
  > >   > now, and is
  > >   > particularly important for protocols such as 802.11 
  > in which the
  > >   > MN controls movement. The only reason it is being held up
  > >   > is that the
  > >   > security
  > >   > issues of full route optimization are much more complex
  > >   > than the simple
  > >   > FA/FA security
  > >   > required for PFANE. Therefore, I think it needs to be 
  > moved into a
  > >   > separate
  > >   > draft.
  > >
  > > => I'm stunned by this discussion, I thought we were
  > > all aware of the existence of PFANE when we did
  > > the lowlatency draft !
  > 
  > Well, maybe we missed it 

=> WE didn't miss it, YOU obviously did.


because it was bundled
  > into the route optimization draft. I don't think
  > there is any harm in admiting that a simple existing
  > technique which we know works is preferable
  > to something that is not yet well understood,
  > for the short term.

=> I can't explain this any better and as a co-author
of the draft you shouldn't need me to explain it to
you. If you don't understand that PFANE is not 
an alternative to PREREG then I suggest you read
both, the low latency and route opt drafts.

  > > The _entire_ purpose of the draft was to show
  > > that the handover speed can be reduced due to
  > > anticipation of the handover, so how can you
  > > possibly claim that PFANE is an alternative ?
  > >
  > 
  > The simulation results we did showed that a technique
  > similar to PFANE worked about as well as Prereg.
  > The paper is at
  > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-ha
ndover-00.tx

=> Did you simulate it or implement it ?????????


t
Of course, we will have to do simulations for
PFANE itself to be sure.

=> So how can you make the claims above if you 
didn't simulate both on the exact same environment ??????
Please be consistent with your claims.

Hesham
            jak


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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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  > > => Aha ! Thanks for the enlightenment, but you've missed
  > > my point. Your theoritical analysis was 
  > > based on an implementation on a cellular link
  > > with certain characteristics (e.g. you had to 
  > > send MIP signalling on the same channel as the
  > > traffic data). Now your implementation is 
  > > on an ethernet, so I'm not sure which theory 
  > > that confirms.
  > 
  > Look at the simulation description
  > in http://geocities.com/kempf42/llanalysis.pdf. 
  > The simulation was designed to work like a cellular link
  > (10 ms latency on the simulated radio channel).

=> Like a radio channel ???! You're assuming latency
is the only charactersitic of a radio channel. 
So can you please tell us, did you simulate it 
or implement it ? Because previously you claimed to
have implemented it. It's NOT the same thing btw.

  > 
  > > In addition, the standard we follow is RFC2002, 
  > > your implementation didn't follow that standard, 
  > > so what do you disagree with when I say that 
  > > the implementation is not correct ?
  > > Please clarify this to me.
  > > 
  > 
  > Again, you are misrepresenting the discussion that
  > Jon and Karim had on the mailing list. Our
  > code was based on Solaris MIPv4, which 
  > implements RFC2002. How can you say
  > that our implementation doesn't follow
  > the standard when you've never looked at it?
  > 
=> Have you been reading the emails ?? Jon explained
how his implementation works and it was clearly wrong.

Hesham


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  > Because he told me that both standard MIPv4
  > and Prereg have this problem. And if you
  > look at the spec, you will see this is so.
  > 
  > Karim...are you there? Did we not have
  > this conversation in SLC?

=> I just saw Karim's reply, I don't think I need
to say anymore.


  > > So if you have this inflexible link layer, 
  > > then use POST REG, this is the whole rationale
  > > of the draft.
  > > 
  > 
  > Then what is the point of even having Prereg? 

=> Why don't you read the applicability
statements again. And add to them one new point, 
POSTREG does not work for ETHERNET or any link
layer that has MAC addresses !
PFANE does NOT have anticipation. 
I hope this is cleare.

  > > => Obviously you're not reading my messages. 
  > > If I tell I've implemented IPv6 with 64 bit addresses, 
  > > will you believe me ? Well if you think you have
  > > to implement to prove me wrong then ...... well
  > > it's strange to think that. 
  > > 
  > > So can you PLEASE answer my question on section 4.1.1 ?
  > > otherwise there is no point in this discussion.
  > > 
  > 
  > As I've said, you have misrepresented the discussion
  > between Jon and Karim on the mailing list. Jon implemented
  > our version of low latency in accordance with RFC 2002
  > and draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs.txt. 

=> Why don't you answer my questions (technically)
instead of claiming that I'm misrepresenting 
conversations ? Jon hasn't said that. If 
you're going to answer me let's start from 
section 4.4.1 and then go through the rest of
your paper. If you're not going to respond to that, 
then as I said earlier, this discussion is not
useful or constructive.

Hesham



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From: "Andrew T. Campbell" <campbell@comet.columbia.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "Andrew Campbell \(E-mail\)" <campbell@comet.columbia.edu>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Comparison of IP micro-mobility protocols
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Folks:

All this talk about simulation - L2 triggered me:

Here is a paper on the performance comparison of
Cellular IP, Hawaii and Hierarchical Mobile IP
using the Columbia IP Micro-mobility Software (CIMS):

http://comet.columbia.edu/micromobility/


CIMS includes the ns-2 extension for all three
protocols for those interested in using it.

The paper that goes with the code is as follows:

A. T. Campbell, Gomez, J., Kim, S., Turanyi, Z., Wan, C-Y. and A, Valko
"Comparison of IP Micro-Mobility Protocols", IEEE Wireless Communications
Magazine, Vol. 9, No. 1, February 2002.

You can get a copy from:

http://comet.columbia.edu/~campbell/andrew/publications/papers/pcs2001.pdf


\begin{abstract}

We present a performance comparison of a number of key micro-mobility
protocols that have been discussed in the IETF Mobile IP Working Group over
the past several years. IP micro-mobility protocols complement Mobile IP by
offering fast and seamless handoff control in limited geographical areas and
IP paging in support of scalability and power conservation. We show that
despite the apparent differences between IP micro-mobility protocols, the
operational principles that govern them are largely similar. We use this
observation to establish a generic micro-mobility model to better understand
design and performance trade offs. A number of key design choices are
identified within the context of the generic model related to handoff
quality and route control messaging. We present simulation results for
Cellular IP, Hawaii and Hierarchical Mobile IP and evaluate the handoff
performance of these protocols. Simulation results presented in this paper
are based on the Columbia IP Micro-mobility Software (CIMS), which is freely
available from the Web (comet.columbia.edu/micromobility) for
experimentation.


\end{abstract}

Regards,
---
Andrew
http://comet.columbia.edu/~campbell





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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 14:07:27 +0100
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  > Is it possible to tell us which parts?

=> Why are you asking about this George ?
Do you think this will help the discussion ?

I don't want to go back another year and start 
a futile discussion about the comparison between
the different mechanisms on the list. 

Hesham




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From: George Tsirtsis <G.Tsirtsis@flarion.com>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked
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I am asking because the spec describes multiple, largely independend
mechanisms. 


-----Original Message-----
From: Hesham Soliman (ERA) [mailto:hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se]
Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 1:07 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked


  > Is it possible to tell us which parts?

=> Why are you asking about this George ?
Do you think this will help the discussion ?

I don't want to go back another year and start 
a futile discussion about the comparison between
the different mechanisms on the list. 

Hesham



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 10:23:22 2001
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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:20:21 -0600
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George,
We will implement both post and pre registration. 
But initially we are concentrating on post 
registration. 
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: George Tsirtsis [mailto:G.Tsirtsis@flarion.com]
Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 4:29 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked


Ajoy,

Is it possible to tell us which parts?

Thanks
George

-----Original Message-----
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 [mailto:ASINGH1@motorola.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 10:23 PM
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked


Hello Phil,
We are implementing low latency handoff draft. Probably we 
will have some results by March. 
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Phil Roberts [mailto:PRoberts@MEGISTO.com]
Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 2:25 PM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested - differently asked


Looks like I asked the wrong question.

So, here's the question I'd like an answer to:

- how many people are planning on this list are planning to *use* the MIP v4
low latency draft?  Please
identify yourselves.


Re: the other items.  The exchanges back and forth on the claims made about
the performance
of what's in the low latency draft don't seem to be getting us anywhere.
Could we have two
things:
1) discussions about who said and who claimed what off the list
2) results and rebuttals written up in draft format.  I know this takes
longer, but it's a lot
easier to point to that and read it than something that is thrown on the
list.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 11:34:55 2001
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
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References: <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF053801C4C15F@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se> <012201c188c6$bff79320$7e6015ac@T23KEMPF> <006201c18910$55a91170$446015ac@AlperVAIO>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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Alper,


> I think while PFANE is an improvement
> over regular MIPv4 as far as low
> latency is concerned, I don't think
> it can be as fast as prereg. Exchanging
> protocol signaling after the L2 handover would
> be slower.
>

Please see
http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
t.
This contains measurments of a technique that
is similar to PFANE. The performance is about the
same as Prereg for high latency radio links.

            jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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Hesham,

>   > The simulation results we did showed that a technique
>   > similar to PFANE worked about as well as Prereg.
>   > The paper is at
>   > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-ha
> ndover-00.tx
> 
> => Did you simulate it or implement it ?????????
> 
> 
> t
> Of course, we will have to do simulations for
> PFANE itself to be sure.
> 
> => So how can you make the claims above if you 
> didn't simulate both on the exact same environment ??????
> Please be consistent with your claims.
> 

Read the paper. It contains a description of the
experimental method, and if it isn't clear,
then I'll be happy to clarify.
If you have any implementation skills at
all, it should be enough to allow you to duplicate
the work and either verify or refute our results.
That's what engineering and science are all
about, not sniping on mailing lists at people who do real
work in an attempt to find out whether something
works or not.

And, that's about all I've got to say on this
topic. Happy holidays...


                jak




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 12:30:47 2001
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Message-ID: <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF053801C4C170@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se>
From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "'Phil Roberts'" <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 18:27:16 +0100
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I will obviously ignore replying to this 
stupidity on a public list. You've just shown
your own implementation and conversational skills

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
  > Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 11:49 AM
  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
  > 
  > 
  > Hesham,
  > 
  > >   > The simulation results we did showed that a technique
  > >   > similar to PFANE worked about as well as Prereg.
  > >   > The paper is at
  > >   > http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-ha
  > > ndover-00.tx
  > > 
  > > => Did you simulate it or implement it ?????????
  > > 
  > > 
  > > t
  > > Of course, we will have to do simulations for
  > > PFANE itself to be sure.
  > > 
  > > => So how can you make the claims above if you 
  > > didn't simulate both on the exact same environment ??????
  > > Please be consistent with your claims.
  > > 
  > 
  > Read the paper. It contains a description of the
  > experimental method, and if it isn't clear,
  > then I'll be happy to clarify.
  > If you have any implementation skills at
  > all, it should be enough to allow you to duplicate
  > the work and either verify or refute our results.
  > That's what engineering and science are all
  > about, not sniping on mailing lists at people who do real
  > work in an attempt to find out whether something
  > works or not.
  > 
  > And, that's about all I've got to say on this
  > topic. Happy holidays...
  > 
  > 
  >                 jak
  > 


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References: <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF053801C4C164@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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>   > As I've said, you have misrepresented the discussion
>   > between Jon and Karim on the mailing list. Jon implemented
>   > our version of low latency in accordance with RFC 2002
>   > and draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs.txt.
>
> => Why don't you answer my questions (technically)
> instead of claiming that I'm misrepresenting
> conversations ? Jon hasn't said that. If

I haven't said that because I was on a plane all day yesterday.

I do believe you are misunderstanding the conversation Karim and I
had. The discussion about when to reset the default route was a tangent;
I broke it off because I though it wasn't important enough to continue
spamming the list with it. The implementation worked as specified in the
draft
and RFC2002.

More importantly, it did NOT affect the performance results we got. I'd be
happy to discuss the details more, but let's take it offline for now.

Jonathan



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 13:00:21 2001
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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 18:58:04 +0100
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  > 
  > 
  > >   > As I've said, you have misrepresented the discussion
  > >   > between Jon and Karim on the mailing list. Jon implemented
  > >   > our version of low latency in accordance with RFC 2002
  > >   > and draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs.txt.
  > >
  > > => Why don't you answer my questions (technically)
  > > instead of claiming that I'm misrepresenting
  > > conversations ? Jon hasn't said that. If
  > 
  > I haven't said that because I was on a plane all day yesterday.
  > 
  > I do believe you are misunderstanding the conversation Karim and I
  > had. The discussion about when to reset the default route 
  > was a tangent;

=> Ok, well I don't think it's a tangent at all. 
The point here is that you can't change your 
default router based on advertisements, how 
do you know whether your traffic will be accepted
and not dropped by the FA ? 
In fact you don't know if you've moved at all. 
A new FA might have simply appeared on the 
same link. 

Anyhow, Karim has already shown text from
2002 to explain this.

There is nothing wrong with finding bugs in 
implementations, I don't know why it's been 
taken as an insult and brushed away. 

  > 
  > More importantly, it did NOT affect the performance results 
  > we got. I'd be
  > happy to discuss the details more, but let's take it 
  > offline for now.
  > 

=> Assuming movement (and implicit registration
and reply to the nFA) just because a new FA
advertisement is received, will clearly have 
an impact on performance. This is the implication
of resetting your default router based on new 
FA advertisements. 
That is one of my points against your paper, and 
honestly, after writing all these emails to your 
co-author, I'm looking forward to my holidays 
tomorrow so if you want to discuss more then let's 
do it next year :)

Hesham


  > Jonathan
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 13:39:18 2001
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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test
Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 19:36:59 +0100
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Hi all, 

Just a quick note to inform you that a small
interop test was held before IETF in which 
HMIPv6 ver-4 was tested.
There were implementations from Ericsson, 
Monash University, and test cases from 
conformance lab in Ericsson.


Regards,
Hesham


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hi everybody,

heres an attempt to list all the issues that need to be
resolved so that Mobile IPv6 can move ahead. and some
suggestions follow them.

-----------------------------------

1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
        It has been identified that reflector attacks are
        possible with MIPv6 use of routing header. There is
        also a solution for this. If the host processing
        the routing header performs a simple rule of 
        'check if the destination address and the next address
        to be swapped in both belong to the same interface 
        of the node', before processing the routing header,
        we eliminate this threat caused by MIPv6.

2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
        The threat in this case is that some trivial source 
        spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source 
        spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering. 
        its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling 
        approach does not it solve it either. So we have 
        two options
        a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security 
           considerations and leave it.
        b. Solve it by mandating that home address option 
           is not processed unless there is a corresponding 
           binding cache entry (of course created securely). 
           use reverse tuneling through the home agent when 
           a binding cache entry does not exist.

        in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad 
        idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the 
	threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks 
	are possible currently (in the current internet). if 
	the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
        

3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one. 
        a. new extension header
        b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
        c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how 
           authentication suboption and AH can be used 
           together with minimal changes.

        if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP. 
        instead we should use a new extension header. 
        I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the
        auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code
        if people think it is complicated to implement.


4. Piggybacking
        Phil described various options in his presentation 
	at Salt Lake City. lets pick one.
        a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
        b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
           good to use and when it is bad to use. 


5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
        a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically 
           Generated Addrs)
        b. Binding Security Association

        for (a), lets go with return routability unless 
	somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added 
	complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is 
	not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with 
	simple return routability.

        for (b), I am not sure.         

------------------------------------

Lets try to address these issues one by one. And once we 
are done with an issue, we dont visit it again.

It would be good if everybody woud reply to this mail and 
voice their opinions. Once we close an issue we dont want 
people coming back later on saying that they dont agree 
with the conclusions reached. Maybe the WG chairs can 
decide on the concensus. 

Regards
Vijay


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a quick question. Who are the contact persons for these
implementations?

Vijay

"Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> Just a quick note to inform you that a small
> interop test was held before IETF in which
> HMIPv6 ver-4 was tested.
> There were implementations from Ericsson,
> Monash University, and test cases from
> conformance lab in Ericsson.
> 
> Regards,
> Hesham


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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test
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For Ericsson, Mattias Pettersson.
For Monash, Greg Daley.
For conformance lab, I'll get 
back to you unless they can see this.

Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
  > Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 7:44 PM
  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test
  > 
  > 
  > a quick question. Who are the contact persons for these
  > implementations?
  > 
  > Vijay
  > 
  > "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
  > > 
  > > Hi all,
  > > 
  > > Just a quick note to inform you that a small
  > > interop test was held before IETF in which
  > > HMIPv6 ver-4 was tested.
  > > There were implementations from Ericsson,
  > > Monash University, and test cases from
  > > conformance lab in Ericsson.
  > > 
  > > Regards,
  > > Hesham
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 14:04:29 2001
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Vijay,

> 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
>         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically 
>            Generated Addrs)
>         b. Binding Security Association
> 
>         for (a), lets go with return routability unless 
> somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added 
> complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is 
> not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with 
> simple return routability.
> 

It was not clear to me from the discussion in SLC that
there is any additional decrease in complexity 
over CGA for return routability, if public keys were used
to secure the RR messaging. Clearly, for symmetric
keying, there would be, but that would require a
trust relationship to be set up, which would
require an initial public key exchange/operation
to secure the key distribution.

I believe Gab was going to generate some kind
of analysis of the cost of return routability with
Diffie-Helman compared to CGA?

            jak



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Hi Vijay,
  Can I see this as the beginning of a positive stance on HMIPv6 issue?
It seems that the holiday spririt has already arrived (refering to your
other mail on:
list of things for MIPv6).

  Great news!

Let's keep the good work.

Regards,

Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> a quick question. Who are the contact persons for these
> implementations?
>
> Vijay
>
> "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
> >
> > Hi all,
> >
> > Just a quick note to inform you that a small
> > interop test was held before IETF in which
> > HMIPv6 ver-4 was tested.
> > There were implementations from Ericsson,
> > Monash University, and test cases from
> > conformance lab in Ericsson.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Hesham

--
Behcet



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Hesham,

I would like to publically apologize for the tone of
my email today. It was out of line. You are correct that critically
examining an implementation is important, and
I am sure that Jon will be able to answer any questions
you may have (he was on a plane yesterday and
unable to respond). And, I'd like to encourage
you and anybody else to work towards
implementing low latency so that we can
come to a better understand its characteristics
prior to standardization.

            jak



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Gabriel,

James Kempf wrote:
> 
> Vijay,
> 
> > 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
> >         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically
> >            Generated Addrs)
> >         b. Binding Security Association
> >
> >         for (a), lets go with return routability unless
> > somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added
> > complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is
> > not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with
> > simple return routability.
> >
> 
> It was not clear to me from the discussion in SLC that
> there is any additional decrease in complexity
> over CGA for return routability, if public keys were used
> to secure the RR messaging. Clearly, for symmetric
> keying, there would be, but that would require a
> trust relationship to be set up, which would
> require an initial public key exchange/operation
> to secure the key distribution.
> 
> I believe Gab was going to generate some kind
> of analysis of the cost of return routability with
> Diffie-Helman compared to CGA?


If this is true, can you do this as soon as possible?
if you are too busy, would you trust somebody else to
do it?

Vijay



> 
>             jak


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for Conformance tests I know. It has to be Akos Cserveni. 
Met him at three interops.

Vijay

"Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
> 
> For Ericsson, Mattias Pettersson.
> For Monash, Greg Daley.
> For conformance lab, I'll get
> back to you unless they can see this.
> 
> Hesham
> 
>   > -----Original Message-----
>   > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
>   > Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 7:44 PM
>   > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>   > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test
>   >
>   >
>   > a quick question. Who are the contact persons for these
>   > implementations?
>   >
>   > Vijay
>   >
>   > "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
>   > >
>   > > Hi all,
>   > >
>   > > Just a quick note to inform you that a small
>   > > interop test was held before IETF in which
>   > > HMIPv6 ver-4 was tested.
>   > > There were implementations from Ericsson,
>   > > Monash University, and test cases from
>   > > conformance lab in Ericsson.
>   > >
>   > > Regards,
>   > > Hesham
>   >


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Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 13:41:16 -0600
From: Dave Johnson <dbj@cs.rice.edu>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Extension for MobiHoc 2002 submissions
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We tried to send email yesterday to announce an extension on the
deadline for paper submissions to MobiHoc 2002, but somehow that
message has not yet shown up on the mailing list.  I am thus
resending a copy of the announcement.  I apologize if some people
did get the original and find this one a duplicate, but given the
timing before the holidays, I wanted to be sure the word got
out.

					Dave

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    SUBMISSION DEADLINE EXTENSION
                                   
                             MobiHoc 2002
               The Third ACM International Symposium on
                Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing
                                   
                        Lausanne, Switzerland
                           June 9-11, 2002
                                   
              http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobihoc/2002/

      Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE  http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/

   >>>         New submission deadline: January 8, 2002         <<<
   >>>   Authors must register their paper by January 2, 2002   <<<

MobiHoc 2002 is the third of a series of annual meetings sponsored by
ACM SIGMOBILE, focusing on the latest research in the rapidly growing
area of mobile ad hoc networking and computing.  The first MobiHoc was
held in 2000 in Boston, Massachusetts, as a workshop affiliated with the
MobiCom conference also sponsored by SIGMOBILE.  Since then, MobiHoc has
become a separate symposium, held in 2001 in Long Beach, California, and
now in 2002 in Lausanne, Switzerland.  Topics of interest include all
areas of mobile and wireless ad hoc networking (above the physical
layer), ad hoc computing, and sensor networks.

Due to popular request, we have extended the submission due date for
MobiHoc 2002 from January 2 until January 8, 2002.  However, authors MUST
register their paper by submitting the paper title, abstract, authors,
and all other information except the paper itself by the original due
date of January 2.  Authors should use the normal submission procedure
described on the MobiHoc web pages to register their paper in this
way, and the paper can then be modified and finally submitted up
through January 8.  The new deadline of January 8 for paper submission
is a firm deadline.

The complete Call for Papers and detailed paper submission instructions
for MobiHoc 2002 are available from the MobiHoc web site at

              http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobihoc/2002/

For any questions about the Call for Papers, please contact the Program
Co-Chairs David B. Johnson (dbj@cs.rice.edu) and J.J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves
(jj@cs.ucsc.edu).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------



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From: "Alper Yegin" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
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James,

> > I think while PFANE is an improvement
> > over regular MIPv4 as far as low
> > latency is concerned, I don't think
> > it can be as fast as prereg. Exchanging
> > protocol signaling after the L2 handover would
> > be slower.
> >
> 
> Please see
> http://geocities.com/kempf42/draft-kempf-mobileip-postmit-handover-00.tx
> t.
> This contains measurments of a technique that
> is similar to PFANE. The performance is about the
> same as Prereg for high latency radio links.

Your method above is more like an optimized PFANE.
My understanding is that, the route optim. draft puts this
extension in the registration request (which can only happen
after a router discovery [receive unsoliicted RA; or send RS 
and receive RA]).

Your draft puts a similar extension in the RS, therefore faster
than (and not same as) standard PFANE.

alper








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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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To: Claude Castelluccia <claude.castelluccia@inrialpes.fr>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>,
        mroe@microsoft.com, tuomaura@microsoft.com, gab@sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Risks of not verifying the care-of address    <draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1007855265.30546.nordmark@bebop.france> <3C12BA10.5030304@piuha.net> <3C14787C.C5C79043@inrialpes.fr> <3C149F8F.1030203@piuha.net> <3C14F65C.6020901@piuha.net> <3C15CAB4.20D8B8ED@inrialpes.fr> <3C1635A3.2070105@piuha.net> <3C173610.BEF73BD2@inrialpes.fr>
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Claude writes:


> So what someone could do is:
> 1- establish a SA with a CN using SUCV/CAM, Bake....
> 2- Start some session with the CN using route optimization
> 3- register X  (the network or host target) as your CoA...
> ..packets will be sent to X!!

You are right. We seem to be in a need to prevent not
just bombing attacks against the first CoA but also
all future ones. As you point out, a combination of CGA
and RR techniques could do the job, with RR being repeated
for each new CoA. (It seems unnecessary to repeat HoA and
CGA tests as you move around, though we might do that as
well in order to simplify the protocol.)

Jari




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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 09:06:46 +1100
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [mobile-ip] AT-CRC (Monash) HMIPv6 implementation (and test event)
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au,
        nick.moore@eng.monash.edu.au
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	Hi, 
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	Our implementation is being funded through 
	a Co-operative research centre (Rather than
	the University).

	So I suppose they get naming rights.

	Nick Moore and I may be contacted regarding
	this implementation (But may not respond until
	3 Jan 2002).

	Greg Daley:

	greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au

	Nick Moore:

	nick.moore@eng.monash.edu.au

	The implementation is based off MIPL 0.9,
	and covers a lot of the Basic Mode of operation.
	Our LMM Advertising Agent (RADVD) has been
	modified to send MAP options, but currently only
	uses static configuration.

	Currently we are analysing and consolidating
	the results from the event, and will soon
	move to support draft 5 header formats.

	Thanks to all at Ericsson Hungary for their
	organisation and efforts in running the event.

	Special thanks to Lajos Zaccomer and Akos
	Cserveni for their assistance during the tests.

		Greg Daley


"Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
> 
> For Ericsson, Mattias Pettersson.
> For Monash, Greg Daley.
> For conformance lab, I'll get
> back to you unless they can see this.
> 
> Hesham
> 
>   > -----Original Message-----
>   > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
>   > Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 7:44 PM
>   > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>   > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test
>   >
>   >
>   > a quick question. Who are the contact persons for these
>   > implementations?
>   >
>   > Vijay
>   >
>   > "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
>   > >
>   > > Hi all,
>   > >
>   > > Just a quick note to inform you that a small
>   > > interop test was held before IETF in which
>   > > HMIPv6 ver-4 was tested.
>   > > There were implementations from Ericsson,
>   > > Monash University, and test cases from
>   > > conformance lab in Ericsson.
>   > >
>   > > Regards,
>   > > Hesham
>   >


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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] icmpv6 
In-Reply-To: <NDBBJKCANKEKAMDAPIHPAEMFCCAA.sgoswami@umich.edu>
References: <200112190919.fBJ9JgD57186@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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From: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCNUhGIzFRTEAbKEI=?= 
	<yoshfuji@wide.ad.jp>
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In article <NDBBJKCANKEKAMDAPIHPAEMFCCAA.sgoswami@umich.edu> (at Wed, 19 Dec 2001 07:40:40 -0800), "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu> says:

> 0x01:0xY:0xAAAAAAAA
> 
> questions are:
> 1. what is the value of Y ?
> 2. If it is 2 then where and what padding do you
>    add ?

It depends on the link-layer (XXX) you want to use.
Refer "IPv6 over XXX" document such as RFC 2464.

--yoshfuji


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---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    SUBMISSION DEADLINE EXTENSION
                                   
                             MobiHoc 2002
               The Third ACM International Symposium on
                Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing
                                   
                        Lausanne, Switzerland
                           June 9-11, 2002
                                   
              http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobihoc/2002/

      Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE  http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/

   >>>         New submission deadline: January 8, 2002         <<<
   >>>   Authors must register their paper by January 2, 2002   <<<

MobiHoc 2002 is the third of a series of annual meetings sponsored by
ACM SIGMOBILE, focusing on the latest research in the rapidly growing
area of mobile ad hoc networking and computing.  The first MobiHoc was
held in 2000 in Boston, Massachusetts, as a workshop affiliated with the
MobiCom conference also sponsored by SIGMOBILE.  Since then, MobiHoc has
become a separate symposium, held in 2001 in Long Beach, California, and
now in 2002 in Lausanne, Switzerland.  Topics of interest include all
areas of mobile and wireless ad hoc networking (above the physical
layer), ad hoc computing, and sensor networks.

Due to popular request, we have extended the submission due date for
MobiHoc 2002 from January 2 until January 8, 2002.  However, authors MUST
register their paper by submitting the paper title, abstract, authors,
and all other information except the paper itself by the original due
date of January 2.  Authors should use the normal submission procedure
described on the MobiHoc web pages to register their paper in this
way, and the paper can then be modified and finally submitted up
through January 8.  The new deadline of January 8 for paper submission
is a firm deadline.

The complete Call for Papers and detailed paper submission instructions
for MobiHoc 2002 are available from the MobiHoc web site at

              http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobihoc/2002/

For any questions about the Call for Papers, please contact the Program
Co-Chairs David B. Johnson (dbj@cs.rice.edu) and J.J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves
(jj@cs.ucsc.edu).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 20 18:12:33 2001
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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 00:08:27 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] WG Feedback Requested
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> I think it is as important to have running code as to have rough
> concensus. The difficulty with this work is that it is making
> a performance claim. IETF has difficulty with performance claims,
> since typically all that is important to approve a protocol
> for draft standard is that the code run and some degree of
> interoperability be
> demonstrated.

Agreed that the IETF doesn't deal well with cases when there are
multiple proposals that optimize the same type of thing which results
in different performance benefits perhaps in different situations.
The only tool we have for this is "does the community consider it useful" and
the only way we have to measure this in the interest to implement a particular
proposal.

> For proposed standard, even that level of implementability
> is not necessary, except for routing protocols. Arguably, MIP is
> a routing protocol, but recently the IESG seems to be backing
> away from treating it like one.

The IESG always welcomes interoperable implementations before making
something a proposed standard. I don't think we've had a formal
discussion regarding RFC 1264 for any routing protocol while I've been
on the IESG.

> My own opinion is that the IESG ought to require a protocol
> making a performance claim to demonstrate that claim,
> and, in particular, demonstrate when the claim holds
> and when it doesn't. If there are other, similar protocols
> that can make an equivalent or better claim that is
> more broadly applicable, obviously they are better
> candidates for standardization. Charaterizing a protocol
> with a performance claim is critical for implementation
> and deployment.

I think the IESG has enough to do already.
So while I encourage folks to think quantitively about performance
optimizations (analysis on paper, simulation, or actual tests) I don't think
this will resolve the issue.
Some folks might think implementing a 300 page RFC for a 3% performance
gain is worth while, whereas others would like to see a 300% performance
gain before they implement a 3 page RFC.
This is fundamentally an engineering tradeoff that needs to take into
account not only the complexity/performance tradeoff but also things
like the environment, what type of applications will use this (and what
assumptions will they make about packet drop behavior, delay etc),
and the observation that the probability of interoperability
is inversely related to the complexity of the spec.

And the only "tool" we have for to determine this is whether two or more
implementors find the protocol useful enough to do a complete implementation.

> [...]
>
> However, I really think we need to uplevel the context
> here a bit and look at the meta-issue. Phil's question at the meeting
> about who was going to implement this work was not encouraging.
> I had thought that 3GPP2 was an obvious customer,
> but they already do something like Postreg for PPP.
> If nobody is going to implement this work, or it
> will just be implemented as a research project, then what
> is the point of doing it? We should just make the whole
> thing experimental and concentrate on getting FMIPv6
> right.

I think upleveling in general is a resonable approach for optimizations
in general so try to guage during the process of developping an idea
whether folks think it is useful enough.
But this requires work by the WG participants to make the determination
whether they individually think it is worth while to implement a protocol
and having performance data would presumably be helpful for the WG
participants.

  Erik



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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 11:27:55 +0200 (EET)
From: Henrik Petander <lpetande@tml.hut.fi>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Hi Vijay,

On Thu, 20 Dec 2001, Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> hi everybody,
> 
> heres an attempt to list all the issues that need to be
> resolved so that Mobile IPv6 can move ahead. and some
> suggestions follow them.
> 
> -----------------------------------
> 
> 1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
>         It has been identified that reflector attacks are
>         possible with MIPv6 use of routing header. There is
>         also a solution for this. If the host processing
>         the routing header performs a simple rule of 
>         'check if the destination address and the next address
>         to be swapped in both belong to the same interface 
>         of the node', before processing the routing header,
>         we eliminate this threat caused by MIPv6.

This requirement would make vertical handoffs impossible for mobile hosts.
Wouldn't it be sufficient for the host to check that the next address
belongs to it and that the scope of the next address is not smaller than
that of the destination address? This would stop reflector attacks, and
allow MN to perform vertical handoffs.

Regards,

Henrik
		----------------------------------
		Henrik Petander 		
		Helsinki University of Technology,	
		GO/Core Project 
		Henrik.Petander@hut.fi
		Office: +358 (0)9 451 5846 
		GSM: +358 (0)40 741 5248	
		----------------------------------



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec 21 06:07:25 2001
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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:05:28 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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On Fri, 21 Dec 2001, Henrik Petander wrote:
> On Thu, 20 Dec 2001, Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> > hi everybody,
> > 
> > heres an attempt to list all the issues that need to be
> > resolved so that Mobile IPv6 can move ahead. and some
> > suggestions follow them.
> > 
> > -----------------------------------
> > 
> > 1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
> >         It has been identified that reflector attacks are
> >         possible with MIPv6 use of routing header. There is
> >         also a solution for this. If the host processing
> >         the routing header performs a simple rule of 
> >         'check if the destination address and the next address
> >         to be swapped in both belong to the same interface 
> >         of the node', before processing the routing header,
> >         we eliminate this threat caused by MIPv6.
> 
> This requirement would make vertical handoffs impossible for mobile hosts.
> Wouldn't it be sufficient for the host to check that the next address
> belongs to it and that the scope of the next address is not smaller than
> that of the destination address? This would stop reflector attacks, and
> allow MN to perform vertical handoffs.

An alternative mechanism here would be basically "check that the next 
address is a Home Address of the node".  This depends more on the 
implementation though.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:16:57 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2)
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On Thu, 20 Dec 2001, Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
>         The threat in this case is that some trivial source 
>         spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source 
>         spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering. 
>         its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling 
>         approach does not it solve it either. So we have 
>         two options
>         a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security 
>            considerations and leave it.
>         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option 
>            is not processed unless there is a corresponding 
>            binding cache entry (of course created securely). 
>            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when 
>            a binding cache entry does not exist.
> 
>         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad 
>         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the 
> 	threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks 
> 	are possible currently (in the current internet). if 
> 	the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).

This is the "easy way out".

Your argument about source spoofing does not apply; it's certainly 
possible currently, but there are scenarios (which, unfortunately, I 
appear to have forgot to add in my rh-ha-draft) you can protect against 
without it:

          host1 --- fwrtr1 - rtrISP - Internet - fwrtr2 ---host2
                3ffe:ffff:1::/48            3ffe:ffff:2::/48

Let's assume fwrtr2 is protecting host2 by filtering out all packets the 
source address of which belongs to the local network, like:

deny ip from 3ffe:ffff:1::/48 to any interface from_internet

Now, the attacker host1 could attack:

src = 3ffe:ffff:1::1 (or spoofed if no filtering in fwrtr1, as assumed)
dst = 3ffe:ffff:2::1
 hoa=3ffe:ffff:2::2

The firewall cannot block this, and packets from internal source address 
3ffe:ffff:2::2 can end up in the host2's stack.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:29:09 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2)
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.33.0112211307520.24612-100000@netcore.fi>
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On Fri, 21 Dec 2001, Pekka Savola wrote:
> Let's assume fwrtr2 is protecting host2 by filtering out all packets the 
> source address of which belongs to the local network, like:
> 
> deny ip from 3ffe:ffff:1::/48 to any interface from_internet
                         ^ 
3ffe:ffff:2::/48, of course!  sorry..

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:41:29 PST.
             <3C2230D9.5BA4B149@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 15:39:41 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header

=> the solution has to be written down in a draft and presented
to the IPv6 WG ASAP as a part of the host requirement document.

   2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
           The threat in this case is that some trivial source 
           spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source 
           spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering. 

=> it seems I have to write the IPv6 ingress filtering document
(it is in my TODO list, I'll check with my co-author when we
can write it).

           its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling 
           approach does not it solve it either.

=> tunneling has exactly the same problem (and solution): no miracle
even next Tuesday (:-).

           So we have two options
           a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security 
              considerations and leave it.
           b. Solve it by mandating that home address option 
              is not processed unless there is a corresponding 
              binding cache entry (of course created securely). 
              use reverse tuneling through the home agent when 
              a binding cache entry does not exist.
   
           in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad 
           idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) because the 

=> you already know I agree!

   	threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks 
   	are possible currently (in the current internet). if 
   	the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
           
=> I shan't use the argument. The threat is real and we have
to give back the tools against it. The limits of these tools
are simply not in our scope.
   
   3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one. 
           a. new extension header
           b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
           c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how 
              authentication suboption and AH can be used 
              together with minimal changes.

=> argh! Which draft/section/etc?
   
           if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP. 
           instead we should use a new extension header. 

=> I am in favor of (a) because it works without the need
to check if there is some IPsec somewhere. As IPsec codes
are a bit complex (:-) and have strange (:-) interactions
with other parts of stacks, IMHO this is a strong argument.

   4. Piggybacking
           Phil described various options in his presentation 
   	at Salt Lake City. lets pick one.

=> I presented a generalized version (the IPv6 payload header)
of this at an IPv6 session at SLC. I had to specify that my purpose
was to collect pros & cons, not to really defend the idea,
in order to not be hung with the micro cord... I should release
a new version of the I-D with a lot of cons soon (i.e. before
next IETF).

           a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
           b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
              good to use and when it is bad to use. 
   
=> (b) with good to use == never and bad to use == always!
   
   5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
           a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically 
              Generated Addrs)
           b. Binding Security Association
   
           for (a), lets go with return routability unless 
   	somebody can prove that it is insecure.

=> very easy: put the attacker in the CN default router.

        The added 
   	complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is 
   	not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with 
   	simple return routability.
   
=> I am afraid that if we do that all CNs will simply reject
BSA establishment attempts. Of course if BSA establishments
are very expensive (a lot of crypto operations) we'll get the
same result. Here we really need a miracle!

           for (b), I am not sure.         
   
=> explain a bit more the (b) issue.

   It would be good if everybody woud reply to this mail and 
   voice their opinions. Once we close an issue we dont want 
   people coming back later on saying that they dont agree 
   with the conclusions reached.

=> hum, perhaps this will work but IMHO this should take months!

   Maybe the WG chairs can decide on the concensus. 
   
=> WG chair job is harder and harder (:-)...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec 21 09:42:41 2001
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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Apologies-Low Latency Discussion
Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 15:38:03 +0100
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James, 

Thank you very much. I appreciate it. 
I will look forward to continuing the discussion
later with Jon or anyone else (including you :)).

I also think simulations and implementations of proposals
are very important, we were doing the same here
but got disrupted unfortunately and we lost
some time. Also it is important to understand what 
others are doing and how they did it, which is the 
reason I've been eagerly following this discussion. 

Thanks and enjoy your break !
Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
  > Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 8:06 PM
  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: [mobile-ip] Apologies-Low Latency Discussion
  > 
  > 
  > Hesham,
  > 
  > I would like to publically apologize for the tone of
  > my email today. It was out of line. You are correct that critically
  > examining an implementation is important, and
  > I am sure that Jon will be able to answer any questions
  > you may have (he was on a plane yesterday and
  > unable to respond). And, I'd like to encourage
  > you and anybody else to work towards
  > implementing low latency so that we can
  > come to a better understand its characteristics
  > prior to standardization.
  > 
  >             jak
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec 21 09:50:20 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 20 Dec 2001 11:00:49 PST.
             <02be01c18988$a3af3250$7e6015ac@T23KEMPF> 
Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 15:48:29 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I believe Gab was going to generate some kind
   of analysis of the cost of return routability with
   Diffie-Helman compared to CGA?
   
=> it seems that a Diffie-Hellman and a public key operation
have similar costs (too high according to Vijay).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: my concern about CGAs is IPRs by Ericsson and Microsoft.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec 21 10:48:44 2001
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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 16:45:46 +0100
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Hi Vijay and all, 

Sorry, long email but there are lots of issues.

  > -----------------------------------
  > 
  > 1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
  >         It has been identified that reflector attacks are
  >         possible with MIPv6 use of routing header. There is
  >         also a solution for this. If the host processing
  >         the routing header performs a simple rule of 
  >         'check if the destination address and the next address
  >         to be swapped in both belong to the same interface 
  >         of the node', before processing the routing header,
  >         we eliminate this threat caused by MIPv6.

=> I think the best way to solve this is to make sure
a node, by default, doesn't forward to any addresses
outside any of the node's interfaces. And that it 
MUST be possible to override this behaviour by manual
configuration. Unfortunately though this 
is something that needs to be done in IPng to be generic
for all IPv6 hosts, so I don't know how to go about that. 

Different flavours of this rule are mentioned in Erik's
draft, Pekka's draft and the cellular host (manyfolks)
draft in IPng. 

  > 
  > 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
  >         The threat in this case is that some trivial source 
  >         spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source 
  >         spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering. 
  >         its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling 
  >         approach does not it solve it either. So we have 
  >         two options
  >         a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security 
  >            considerations and leave it.
  >         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option 
  >            is not processed unless there is a corresponding 
  >            binding cache entry (of course created securely). 
  >            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when 
  >            a binding cache entry does not exist.
  > 
  >         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad 
  >         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the 
  > 	threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks 
  > 	are possible currently (in the current internet). if 
  > 	the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
  >         

=> I'm afraid I agree with Pekka here. The threat 
is definitely significant. We can't pretend it
won't happen, so I'd have to go with b) (unfortunately). 
But think on the positive side, it's good to have 
a symmetrical bidirectional path, for QoS reasons :)

  > 
  > 3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one. 
  >         a. new extension header
  >         b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
  >         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how 
  >            authentication suboption and AH can be used 
  >            together with minimal changes.
  > 
  >         if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP. 
  >         instead we should use a new extension header. 
  >         I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the
  >         auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code
  >         if people think it is complicated to implement.
  > 

=> Definitely a) or alternatively a UDP port number.

  > 
  > 4. Piggybacking
  >         Phil described various options in his presentation 
  > 	at Salt Lake City. lets pick one.
  >         a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
  >         b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
  >            good to use and when it is bad to use. 

=> c). (which was discussed), say that it SHOULD NOT
be done. I agree with Francis on this one.

  > 
  > 
  > 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
  >         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically 
  >            Generated Addrs)
  >         b. Binding Security Association
  > 
  >         for (a), lets go with return routability unless 
  > 	somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added 
  > 	complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is 
  > 	not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with 
  > 	simple return routability.

=> I can't see how we can do RR only and still maintain
that our requirement is "Add no harm". Connection
hijacking can be considered "new harm" and RR will
not stop it. IMHO (and I'm not a security expert)
the combination of CGAs and RR is an excellent idea
and will give quite a strong security. 
If the processing power is a concern, some optimisations
were proposed to off-load some of the operations 
onto the HA. 

Hesham


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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 11:35:51 -0600
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> -----------------------------------
> 
> 1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
>         It has been identified that reflector attacks are
>         possible with MIPv6 use of routing header. There is
>         also a solution for this. If the host processing
>         the routing header performs a simple rule of 
>         'check if the destination address and the next address
>         to be swapped in both belong to the same interface 
>         of the node', before processing the routing header,
>         we eliminate this threat caused by MIPv6.

I guess all application or transport layers, even UDP, are responsible for
checking that the source address is valid to tunnel-in so to speak? I may be
wrong but we might be ignoring some other - less publicized threats.

> 
> 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
>         The threat in this case is that some trivial source 
>         spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source 
>         spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering. 
>         its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling 
>         approach does not it solve it either. So we have 
>         two options
>         a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security 
>            considerations and leave it.
>         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option 
>            is not processed unless there is a corresponding 
>            binding cache entry (of course created securely). 
>            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when 
>            a binding cache entry does not exist.
> 
>         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad 
>         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the 
> 	threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks 
> 	are possible currently (in the current internet). if 
> 	the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
>

My opinion is that the specs should be correct and devoid of holes. It is
implementation specific choice of vendors of equipment and software to be
compliant or not. I don't think we should trivialize the hole. We should
just fix it and move on. I also do not think that plugging the hole will
significantly increase the cost of devices. Ex. I don't see an IP-enabled
light switch or toaster being accessed by millions of mobile nodes at the
same time. 
         
> 
> 3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one. 
>         a. new extension header
>         b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
>         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how 
>            authentication suboption and AH can be used 
>            together with minimal changes.
> 
>         if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP. 
>         instead we should use a new extension header. 
>         I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the
>         auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code
>         if people think it is complicated to implement.
> 

I thought the group had already settled on b. Last time I checked there were
even plans to upgrade various open-source implementations as well.

> 
> 4. Piggybacking
>         Phil described various options in his presentation 
> 	at Salt Lake City. lets pick one.
>         a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
>         b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
>            good to use and when it is bad to use. 
> 

Both are fine with me. The points made above about implementation
conformance still apply, though.

> 
> 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
>         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically 
>            Generated Addrs)
>         b. Binding Security Association
> 
>         for (a), lets go with return routability unless 
> 	somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added 
> 	complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is 
> 	not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with 
> 	simple return routability.
> 
>         for (b), I am not sure.         
> 

While I am not apposed to the 3-way triangular handshake - bounce around the
world solutions being devised and standardized. At some point, it might be
fruitful to focus on finding solutions that don't require AAA, yet can
accomplish the association establishment in fewer messages. This might be
more appropriate for working with real-time media streams. It would also be
faster for non-realtime streams.  I don't really see that solution to this
fast establishment problem should be restricted to just mobile ip, however.
I would certainly understand if MIP-specific slower methods were
standardized and implemented first, though.

The main point here is that if the 3-way handshake is the implementation,
the applicability of its use with other WG technologies may be deminished;
therefore other SDOs can claim that because of this, they are not conformant
with MIPv6 route optimization.

Even if there were a MIP RO with AAA document that did show how it could be
done with fewer messages, I suspect that the endpoints might need to know
which way it is being done and this might affect the MIPv6 protocol, itself?
If a solution with no AAA could be found and agreed upon, this might avoid
all of this unpleasantness.

Regards,

Glenn



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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6</TITLE>
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<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----------------------------------</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
It has been identified that reflector attacks are</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
possible with MIPv6 use of routing header. There is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
also a solution for this. If the host processing</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
the routing header performs a simple rule of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
'check if the destination address and the next address</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
to be swapped in both belong to the same interface </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
of the node', before processing the routing header,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
we eliminate this threat caused by MIPv6.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I guess all application or transport layers, even =
UDP, are responsible for checking that the source address is valid to =
tunnel-in so to speak? I may be wrong but we might be ignoring some =
other - less publicized threats.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address =
Option</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
The threat in this case is that some trivial source </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
approach does not it solve it either. So we have </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
two options</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; considerations and leave it.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
b. Solve it by mandating that home address option </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; is not processed unless there is a corresponding </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; binding cache entry (of course created securely). </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; use reverse tuneling through the home agent when </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; a binding cache entry does not exist.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; threat is very =
insignificant. Source spoofing attacks </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; are possible =
currently (in the current internet). if </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the bottom line =
is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>My opinion is that the specs should be correct and =
devoid of holes. It is implementation specific choice of vendors of =
equipment and software to be compliant or not. I don't think we should =
trivialize the hole. We should just fix it and move on. I also do not =
think that plugging the hole will significantly increase the cost of =
devices. Ex. I don't see an IP-enabled light switch or toaster being =
accessed by millions of mobile nodes at the same time. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. =
pick one. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
a. new extension header</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
b. Authentication Sub-Option only.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; authentication suboption and AH can be used </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; together with minimal changes.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
instead we should use a new extension header. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
if people think it is complicated to implement.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I thought the group had already settled on b. Last =
time I checked there were even plans to upgrade various open-source =
implementations as well.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 4. Piggybacking</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Phil described various options in his presentation </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; at Salt Lake =
City. lets pick one.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is</FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; good to use and when it is bad to use. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Both are fine with me. The points made above about =
implementation conformance still apply, though.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and =
CN</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; Generated Addrs)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
b. Binding Security Association</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
for (a), lets go with return routability unless </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; somebody can =
prove that it is insecure. The added </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; complexity of =
CGA or Diffie Helman operations is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not worth it. no =
additional gain. so lets go with </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; simple return =
routability.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
for (b), I am not sure.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>While I am not apposed to the 3-way triangular =
handshake - bounce around the world solutions being devised and =
standardized. At some point, it might be fruitful to focus on finding =
solutions that don't require AAA, yet can accomplish the association =
establishment in fewer messages. This might be more appropriate for =
working with real-time media streams. It would also be faster for =
non-realtime streams.&nbsp; I don't really see that solution to this =
fast establishment problem should be restricted to just mobile ip, =
however. I would certainly understand if MIP-specific slower methods =
were standardized and implemented first, though.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The main point here is that if the 3-way handshake is =
the implementation, the applicability of its use with other WG =
technologies may be deminished; therefore other SDOs can claim that =
because of this, they are not conformant with MIPv6 route =
optimization.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Even if there were a MIP RO with AAA document that =
did show how it could be done with fewer messages, I suspect that the =
endpoints might need to know which way it is being done and this might =
affect the MIPv6 protocol, itself? If a solution with no AAA could be =
found and agreed upon, this might avoid all of this =
unpleasantness.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Regards,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01C18A45.EF19DA70--


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From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 18:42:23 +0100
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>         a. new extension header 
>         b. Authentication Sub-Option only. 
>         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how 
>            authentication suboption and AH can be used 
>            together with minimal changes. 
> 
>         if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP. 
>         instead we should use a new extension header. 
>         I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the 
>         auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code 
>         if people think it is complicated to implement. 
> 
I thought the group had already settled on b. Last time I checked there were even plans to upgrade various open-source implementations as well. 

=> That was optimistic thinking I think ! we never
had a concensus call on this.

Hesham


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Henrik Petander wrote:
> 
> Hi Vijay,
> 
> On Thu, 20 Dec 2001, Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> > hi everybody,
> >
> > heres an attempt to list all the issues that need to be
> > resolved so that Mobile IPv6 can move ahead. and some
> > suggestions follow them.
> >
> > -----------------------------------
> >
> > 1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
> >         It has been identified that reflector attacks are
> >         possible with MIPv6 use of routing header. There is
> >         also a solution for this. If the host processing
> >         the routing header performs a simple rule of
> >         'check if the destination address and the next address
> >         to be swapped in both belong to the same interface
> >         of the node', before processing the routing header,
> >         we eliminate this threat caused by MIPv6.
> 
> This requirement would make vertical handoffs impossible for mobile hosts.
> Wouldn't it be sufficient for the host to check that the next address
> belongs to it and that the scope of the next address is not smaller than
> that of the destination address? This would stop reflector attacks, and
> allow MN to perform vertical handoffs.

Fine with me....

Vijay



> 
> Regards,
> 
> Henrik
>                 ----------------------------------
>                 Henrik Petander
>                 Helsinki University of Technology,
>                 GO/Core Project
>                 Henrik.Petander@hut.fi
>                 Office: +358 (0)9 451 5846
>                 GSM: +358 (0)40 741 5248
>                 ----------------------------------


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test
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Hi,

Anyone have some details about this tests?
_________________________________
Luis Miguel L. de Oliveira
loliveira@av.it.pt ; loliveira@ipt.pt

IPT - Instituto Politécnico de Tomar
Quinta do Contador - Estrada da Serra
2300 TOMAR

Instituto de Telecomunicações
Campus Universitário de Santiago
3810-193 AVEIRO - PORTUGAL
_________________________________

----- Original Message -----
From: "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 10:48 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test


> For Ericsson, Mattias Pettersson.
> For Monash, Greg Daley.
> For conformance lab, I'll get
> back to you unless they can see this.
>
> Hesham
>
>   > -----Original Message-----
>   > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
>   > Sent: Thursday, December 20, 2001 7:44 PM
>   > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>   > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 test
>   >
>   >
>   > a quick question. Who are the contact persons for these
>   > implementations?
>   >
>   > Vijay
>   >
>   > "Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
>   > >
>   > > Hi all,
>   > >
>   > > Just a quick note to inform you that a small
>   > > interop test was held before IETF in which
>   > > HMIPv6 ver-4 was tested.
>   > > There were implementations from Ericsson,
>   > > Monash University, and test cases from
>   > > conformance lab in Ericsson.
>   > >
>   > > Regards,
>   > > Hesham
>   >
>



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Hi Hesham,

"Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
> 
>   > 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
>   >         The threat in this case is that some trivial source
>   >         spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source
>   >         spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering.
>   >         its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling
>   >         approach does not it solve it either. So we have
>   >         two options
>   >         a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security
>   >            considerations and leave it.
>   >         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option
>   >            is not processed unless there is a corresponding
>   >            binding cache entry (of course created securely).
>   >            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when
>   >            a binding cache entry does not exist.
>   >
>   >         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad
>   >         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the
>   >     threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks
>   >     are possible currently (in the current internet). if
>   >     the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
>   >
> 
> => I'm afraid I agree with Pekka here. The threat
> is definitely significant. We can't pretend it

Well. I disagree that the threat is significant. and we are
not pretending that it is not there. we document it and leave
it to the implementations. 

> won't happen, so I'd have to go with b) (unfortunately).
> But think on the positive side, it's good to have
> a symmetrical bidirectional path, for QoS reasons :)
> 
>   >
>   > 3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one.
>   >         a. new extension header
>   >         b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
>   >         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how
>   >            authentication suboption and AH can be used
>   >            together with minimal changes.
>   >
>   >         if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP.
>   >         instead we should use a new extension header.
>   >         I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the
>   >         auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code
>   >         if people think it is complicated to implement.
>   >
> 
> => Definitely a) or alternatively a UDP port number.

never UDP. a lot of implementations dont have UDP in the
kernel. Mobile IPv6 almost always exists in the kernel.
IF we go with (a) lets use a new extension header.

But before that, I think people should read Jari Arkko's
draft again. draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-01.txt, section 6.4.
With that approach we dont need a new extension header for
the BU. and there will be minimal changes to the existing
implementations.

Before people say 'new extension header' please think about
what it means. it means changing a lot of implementations. 
a new extension header not understood by intermediate routers
and dropped. firewalls need to know about the new extension
header....

> 
>   >
>   > 4. Piggybacking
>   >         Phil described various options in his presentation
>   >     at Salt Lake City. lets pick one.
>   >         a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
>   >         b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
>   >            good to use and when it is bad to use.
> 
> => c). (which was discussed), say that it SHOULD NOT
> be done. I agree with Francis on this one.
> 
>   >
>   >
>   > 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
>   >         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically
>   >            Generated Addrs)
>   >         b. Binding Security Association
>   >
>   >         for (a), lets go with return routability unless
>   >     somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added
>   >     complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is
>   >     not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with
>   >     simple return routability.
> 
> => I can't see how we can do RR only and still maintain
> that our requirement is "Add no harm". Connection
> hijacking can be considered "new harm" and RR will

I guess you need to read BU3WAY again. It just uses return
routability. and BU3WAY cannot be called insecure in any
way. and your connection hijacking does not happen there.

> not stop it. IMHO (and I'm not a security expert)
> the combination of CGAs and RR is an excellent idea
> and will give quite a strong security.
> If the processing power is a concern, some optimisations
> were proposed to off-load some of the operations
> onto the HA.

IMO, this is not a option. there is no protocol for that.
and if you try to do that, its plain stupid (of course IMHO).

Vijay

> 
> Hesham


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: [Fwd: Re: [mobile-ip] About authorization and security policies]
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here is an old mail from Jari Arkko. this is tells me
that it is not too difficult making Authentication 
sub option work with IKE. and we have also proved
that it is implementable and interoperable.

regards
Vijay

-------- Original Message --------
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] About authorization and security policies
Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:39:04 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Reply-To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Organization: None
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
References:
<200108140252.f7E2qLn00537@dharkins@lounge.orgatty.lounge.org>

Dan Harkins wrote:


>> If we want to use IKE with -14 authentication, we basically need
>> a new DOI (or extension to the Internet DOI), specifying how 
>> authentication data for -14 BU authentication is created.
> 
> Why? The DOI does not specify how authentication data is created.
> That is done in AH (2402) or ESP (2406) RFC. 

The use of IKE with -14 authentication doesn't
require a full DoI. It requires an _extension_
to the current DoI. Such extensions are regurlarly
done to add algorithms. This extension would be
a bit bigger perhaps -- adding a new protocol --
but still basically a number allocation in some
defined place.

However, one drawback of using IKE with -14
authentication is that other key management
protocols would have to be updated also. For
instance, the possible Son-of-IKE protocol
would also be affected. (It may be that
all these protocols share the same DoI and
algorithm numbers, but I'm not sure if this
would be the case always.)

Jari


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From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Hello Glenn,

Glenn Morrow wrote:

> I guess all application or transport layers, even UDP, are responsible for
> checking that the source address is valid to tunnel-in so to speak? I may be
> wrong but we might be ignoring some other - less publicized threats.

To my understanding, the routing header is not necessarily even
visible to higher-level protocols.  I don't think they should have
anything to do with processing routing headers.

On the other hand, I think that setting up intermediate nodes for
routing headers is an application-level function, just as with
routing protocols.

>> 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
>>         The threat in this case is that some trivial source
>>         spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source
>>         spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering.
>>         its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling
>>         approach does not it solve it either. So we have
>>         two options
>>         a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security
>>            considerations and leave it.
>>         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option
>>            is not processed unless there is a corresponding
>>            binding cache entry (of course created securely).
>>            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when
>>            a binding cache entry does not exist.
>>
>>         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad
>>         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the
>>       threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks
>>       are possible currently (in the current internet). if
>>       the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
>>
> 
> My opinion is that the specs should be correct and devoid of holes. It is
> implementation specific choice of vendors of equipment and software to be
> compliant or not. I don't think we should trivialize the hole. We should just
> fix it and move on. I also do not think that plugging the hole will
> significantly increase the cost of devices. Ex. I don't see an IP-enabled
> light switch or toaster being accessed by millions of mobile nodes at the same
> time.

I have to agree that the specification has to be correct!  However, we
always have to weigh the cost of the problem against the cost of the
solution.  If the problem is microscopic, and the solution so burdensome
as to likely inhibit implementation, then the solution is not a solution
after all, and we should just document the problem.  Thus I agree very
much with (a), because I think the threat is small.  Plus, I think that
ingress-filtering routers can be built to make the threat even smaller.
Furthermore, there are rules that can be built into correspondent nodes
to reduce the threat even more.


>> 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
>>         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically
>>            Generated Addrs)
>>         b. Binding Security Association
>>
>>         for (a), lets go with return routability unless
>>       somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added
>>       complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is
>>       not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with
>>       simple return routability.
>>
>>         for (b), I am not sure.
>>
> 
> While I am not apposed to the 3-way triangular handshake - bounce around the
> world solutions being devised and standardized. At some point, it might be
> fruitful to focus on finding solutions that don't require AAA, yet can
> accomplish the association establishment in fewer messages. This might be more
> appropriate for working with real-time media streams. It would also be faster
> for non-realtime streams.  I don't really see that solution to this fast
> establishment problem should be restricted to just mobile ip, however. I would
> certainly understand if MIP-specific slower methods were standardized and
> implemented first, though.

If we were to make the three-way handshake part of the data stream, then it
would boil down to no more messages, but of course a lot more data bytes in
those messages.  Even if we don't do that, I think that the return routability
stuff isn't so bad, given that it would typically occur when the application
starts up, so that it would not interfere with the actual data streaming.

The thing about Mobile IP that suggests a specialized solution is exactly
the possibility to rely on the return routability for additional protection
against wide-area attacks.  In fact, I reckon that this will make MIP-specific
methods faster, not slower, as long as we don't go overboard with mandating
a lot of heavy exponentiation as part of the solution.

> The main point here is that if the 3-way handshake is the implementation, the
> applicability of its use with other WG technologies may be deminished;
> therefore other SDOs can claim that because of this, they are not conformant
> with MIPv6 route optimization.

I don't think this is a likely result.  Furthermore, if another solution
is found that meets the performance and security needs of Mobile IPv6, then
it should be possible to use it.  This is another good reason to keep the
key establishment protocol separated from the Mobile IPv6 protocol.

> Even if there were a MIP RO with AAA document that did show how it could be
> done with fewer messages, I suspect that the endpoints might need to know
> which way it is being done and this might affect the MIPv6 protocol, itself?
> If a solution with no AAA could be found and agreed upon, this might avoid all
> of this unpleasantness.

What do you think about bu3way?  It's bound to be a lot faster than AAA, and
can be adorned with optional features for additional security for applications
that need it.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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Hi Francis,

Francis Dupont wrote:

>            So we have two options
>            a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security
>               considerations and leave it.
>            b. Solve it by mandating that home address option
>               is not processed unless there is a corresponding
>               binding cache entry (of course created securely).
>               use reverse tuneling through the home agent when
>               a binding cache entry does not exist.
> 
>            in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad
>            idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) because the
> 
> => you already know I agree!

I wish everybody would. it would great if implementors are
given more importance in this WG. then we could have our way.

> 
>    3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one.
>            a. new extension header
>            b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
>            c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how
>               authentication suboption and AH can be used
>               together with minimal changes.
> 
> => argh! Which draft/section/etc?

draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-01.txt, section 6.4. 

>            for (b), I am not sure.
> 
> => explain a bit more the (b) issue.

the issue is with the creation of BSAs. do you need the key 
distribution protocol to create BSAs? for example both BU3WAY 
and BAKE use return routability. but BAKE creates a BSA, whereas 
BU3WAY does not. BU3WAY is run everytime the MN sends a BU 
to the CN. There are a few arguments for not creating a BSA 
in Erik Nordmark's draft.

> => hum, perhaps this will work but IMHO this should take months!

I am thinking of closing issues 1-4 in a matter of few weeks.
agreed that 5 will take longer. but it should be doable by
Minneapolis IETF. (being optimistic as always...)

Vijay

> 
>    Maybe the WG chairs can decide on the concensus.
> 
> => WG chair job is harder and harder (:-)...
> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> > not stop it. IMHO (and I'm not a security expert)
> > the combination of CGAs and RR is an excellent idea
> > and will give quite a strong security.
> > If the processing power is a concern, some optimisations
> > were proposed to off-load some of the operations
> > onto the HA.
> 
> IMO, this is not a option. there is no protocol for that.
> and if you try to do that, its plain stupid (of course IMHO).


here I was talking about off-loading the operations onto
the Home Agent.

Vijay


> 
> Vijay
> 
> >
> > Hesham


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Vijay Devarapalli writes:
 > >   >         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad
 > >   >         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the
 > >   >     threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks
 > >   >     are possible currently (in the current internet). if
 > >   >     the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
 > >   >
 > > 
 > > => I'm afraid I agree with Pekka here. The threat
 > > is definitely significant. We can't pretend it
 > 
 > Well. I disagree that the threat is significant. and we are
 > not pretending that it is not there. we document it and leave
 > it to the implementations. 

One of the criteria that Jeff gave was "do no
harm".  There has *considerable* push to get RFC
2827 implemented widely. MIPv6 providing a new and
pervasive source of source spoofing without a way
to prevent that introduces considerable harm by
any reasonable definition. I cannot see how this
can be handwaved away.

       Mike


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one small comment.

"Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:
> 
> >         a. new extension header
> >         b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
> >         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how
> >            authentication suboption and AH can be used
> >            together with minimal changes.
> >
> >         if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP.
> >         instead we should use a new extension header.
> >         I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the
> >         auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code
> >         if people think it is complicated to implement.
> >
> I thought the group had already settled on b. Last time I checked there were even plans to upgrade various open-source implementations as well.
> 
> => That was optimistic thinking I think ! we never
> had a concensus call on this.

option (b) is very simple and works really well. 
all it needs is IKE supplying the keys. 

imagine this.

1. weak authentication can supply the key for the
   auth sub option
2. IKE can supply the key for the auth sub option
3. you dont have to worry about a new extension
   header for the BU. 
4. you dont have to worry about IPSec and piggybacking.

sigh(!) there are so many advantages... people just dont
want to see it.

also please take a look at the Jari Arkko's old mail
that I forwarded to the mailing list yesterday. IKE
can be used to create keys for the auth sub option. 

if the IPSec WG says they dont want to work on (2),
then lets go with option (c). use both the sub option
and AH.

Vijay


> 
> Hesham


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Hello Francis,

Francis Dupont wrote:
> 
>    1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
> 
> => the solution has to be written down in a draft and presented
> to the IPv6 WG ASAP as a part of the host requirement document.

The solution depends on the application.  For Mobile IPv6, the solution
is trivial, as has been suggested many times by me and other people.
I can imagine uses of the routing header that would be set up by
security-conscious people who demand certain routability.  I believe
that the IPv6 working group CANNOT predict all the necessary policy
mechanisms to check the correctness of such esoteric uses of the
routing header.

BTW, the current draft does NOT restrict such enhanced capabilities
from the routing header.  It just demands that any existing sequence
of intermediate nodes should be kept as is except that the care-of
address is to be inserted before the home address in the source route.

>      2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
>            The threat in this case is that some trivial source
>            spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source
>            spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering.
> 
> => it seems I have to write the IPv6 ingress filtering document
> (it is in my TODO list, I'll check with my co-author when we
> can write it).

This sounds like a real piece of hard work.  Can you give a preview
of what you have in mind?  Are you looking for co-masochists?

>            So we have two options
>            a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security
>               considerations and leave it.
>            b. Solve it by mandating that home address option
>               is not processed unless there is a corresponding
>               binding cache entry (of course created securely).
>               use reverse tuneling through the home agent when
>               a binding cache entry does not exist.
> 
>            in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad
>            idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) because the
> 
> => you already know I agree!

I wholeheartedly agree with this approach.  I hope we can get
consensus on it soon and move forward.


>         threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks
>         are possible currently (in the current internet). if
>         the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
> 
> => I shan't use the argument. The threat is real and we have
> to give back the tools against it. The limits of these tools
> are simply not in our scope.

I agree that there is a real threat.  I don't think it's huge, and
I do think there are tools that we can build to protect against it.
I also think that the threat posed by additional delay of Mobile IPv6
is larger than the threat posed by this source-spoofing attack.

> 
>    3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one.
>            a. new extension header
>            b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
>            c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how
>               authentication suboption and AH can be used
>               together with minimal changes.
> 
> => argh! Which draft/section/etc?
> 
>            if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP.
>            instead we should use a new extension header.
> 
> => I am in favor of (a) because it works without the need
> to check if there is some IPsec somewhere. As IPsec codes
> are a bit complex (:-) and have strange (:-) interactions
> with other parts of stacks, IMHO this is a strong argument.

I'm not so enthusiastic about (a), because I know it's a pile
of work to do it.  On the other hand, in the abstract without
consideration of wearing out my keyboard, I would be happy to
support it in hopes of getting closure towards getting the draft
through working-group Last Call.

>    4. Piggybacking
>            Phil described various options in his presentation
>         at Salt Lake City. lets pick one.
> 
> => I presented a generalized version (the IPv6 payload header)
> of this at an IPv6 session at SLC. I had to specify that my purpose
> was to collect pros & cons, not to really defend the idea,
> in order to not be hung with the micro cord... I should release
> a new version of the I-D with a lot of cons soon (i.e. before
> next IETF).

In previous e-mail, I have pointed out why arguments for the
generalized IPv6 payload header are different than the arguments
for including Binding Update as an option within a stream of
data.  Briefly, it has to do with the timeliness of the control
messages and the naturalness of inclusion along with the data.

>            a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
>            b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
>               good to use and when it is bad to use.
> 
> => (b) with good to use == never and bad to use == always!

This isn't right.  It's almost always good to use, because it
almost always offers a performance improvement.  There are times
when the performance improvement could make the difference in
even the feasibility of smooth voice handovers, due to the
decrease in jitter (as was pointed out in work from Cedric Westphal).
There is practically zero downside for the receiver.  The downside
at the sender is that it takes more code.  Arguments about channel
sizing and dropping outsized packets apply only to systems with
broken IPv6 implementations.  Every IPv6 implementation is mandated
to be able to deliver such packets.

So I strongly suggest that we _allow_ platforms to be built that
offer the better performance, without by any means mandating that
such piggybacking MUST be done by the sender.

 
>    5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
>            a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically
>               Generated Addrs)
>            b. Binding Security Association
> 
>            for (a), lets go with return routability unless
>         somebody can prove that it is insecure.
> 
> => very easy: put the attacker in the CN default router.

This is not "easy", and furthermore to prevent such an attack
would take a LOT more mandated protocol than is likely to be
promoted as part of any realistic solution.  I reckon that
compromising the default router is one of the worst things
that could happen at any enterprise, and afterwards nobody
will give a rat's patootie about what happened to Mobile IPv6.

>         The added
>         complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is
>         not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with
>         simple return routability.
> 
> => I am afraid that if we do that all CNs will simply reject
> BSA establishment attempts. Of course if BSA establishments
> are very expensive (a lot of crypto operations) we'll get the
> same result. Here we really need a miracle!

No, but we could use less hysteria.  I would suggest that we
build and test some of the proposed approaches, and carry out
some reasoned discussion after we have more experience.  This
whole argument is sounding to me about how insane it would be
to use your credit card over the Internet.  As it turns out,
life is not so horrible after all.


Regards,
Charlie P.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Dec 21 14:10:29 2001
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Hello Hesham,

"Hesham Soliman (ERA)" wrote:

> => I can't see how we can do RR only and still maintain
> that our requirement is "Add no harm". Connection
> hijacking can be considered "new harm" and RR will
> not stop it.

Can you be specific about the hijacking danger that you see?

What I'm imagining is this:

- Suppose Correspondent Node and Mobile Node (MN) are
  communicating

- Bogus Mobile Node (BMN) sends a bu3way (e.g.) message
  to validate a Binding Update for a bogus care-of address.

- BMN eventually gets CN to send packets to BMN.

I agree that this could happen.  But only when BMN resides
in certain places (e.g., at Francis Dupont's default router).
Thus, I don't think this qualifies as an additional threat.


>                IMHO (and I'm not a security expert)
> the combination of CGAs and RR is an excellent idea
> and will give quite a strong security.
> If the processing power is a concern, some optimisations
> were proposed to off-load some of the operations
> onto the HA.

CGA helps to establish ownership of an address.  As has been
pointed out, it doesn't solve all the problems with bombing
arbitrary subnets.  So I think it should be an optional feature,
not mandated but recommended for situations where the extra
security is valuable.


Regards,
Charlie (not a security expert either) P.


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> 1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header

Agree that a rule is needed, and expect the rule to be
sufficient. Need to work on exactly what the rule is, though.

> 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
>         The threat in this case is that some trivial source 
>         spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source 
>         spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering. 
>         its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling 
>         approach does not it solve it either. So we have 
>         two options
>         a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security 
>            considerations and leave it.
>         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option 
>            is not processed unless there is a corresponding 
>            binding cache entry (of course created securely). 
>            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when 
>            a binding cache entry does not exist.
> 
>         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad 
>         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the 
> threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks 
> are possible currently (in the current internet). if 
> the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).

I believe there is a real difference in current spoofing
attacks compared to the ones enabled by the home
address option. Namely, ingress filtering or other techniques
can prevent source address spoofing but I can't see how
they could prevent HAO spoofing.

However, regarding the exact strength of the attack opened
through this whole I think the jury is still out. We had a discussion
with Erik and Gabriel about trying to classify the threat in some
sort of a 'Richter scale'. For instance, this attack seems to evade
all known automatic tracing and detection techniques unlike e.g.
typical TCP SYN attacks, but on the other hand it does not
produce any packet amplification. Still, it could be used as a
part of a DDoS to hide client locations.

My preliminary answer here would be (b) unless we
can think of something else, or a believable reason why
the attack isn't serious enough.

> 3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one. 
>         a. new extension header
>         b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
>         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how 
>            authentication suboption and AH can be used 
>            together with minimal changes.

I'd like to see this as two separate issues, actually. The
first issue is whether PKI and RR/CGA-based authentication
are *alternatives* of which exactly one is used for one packet,
or whether they are complementary, possibly used together.
On this first question I have lately come to the conclusion
that I'd prefer them to be possibly used together. This is
because the methods prove different things. CGA e.g.
proves address ownership while PKI proves you belong to
the group of good guys. You might want the other one too,
even if you already did one.

The second issue is which protocol actually protects the
BUs. Here my preferences are options 6.2 or 6.4 from my
draft. (I seem to recall that we had some consensus in
SLC about using rather a new protocol or UDP than IPv6
DOs... if so, then 6.2 would be clearly possible as well).

> 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
>         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically 
>            Generated Addrs)
>         b. Binding Security Association

First of all, I think the main alternatives are either pure
RR without D-H or RR+D-H+CGA. The reason for this
is that if you end up doing bignum math in D-H you might as well
get the full protection with CGA at the same time.

Secondly, for the performance concerns, I believe we can rule out
effects to small mobiles, given that there exists crypto offload
mechanisms (see CAM-DH) that can take care of this. Servers
and HAs, on the other hand, may have more of an issue but there
are otoh lots of crypto hardware accelerators available, if a server
wants to do RO with a large number of clients. I believe Gab intended
to post some performance information to the list.

Thirdly, there seems to be some differences in the security
strength of RR vs CGA. There even seems to be some differences
in v4 security vs. MIPv6 + RR. Whether these are significant, 
needs to be discussed. I intend to write something about this
to the list -- but after christmas. My personal preference is
D-H+CGA, because it's the only solution that truly proves address
ownership.

Fourth, recent discussion in the list under the "Risks of not verifying
the care-of address" seem to have concluded that in order to
avoid the 3rd party bombing attacks, we need to verify CoA RR
not just once, but on every movement. To me, this implies that
if we use just RR, then we may not find BSAs very useful (and hence
all the discussion IPsec vs. -14 is moot). On the other hand, if CGA
is used then there's a clear advantage to BSAs still since the bignum
math can be done just once, while RR and some symmetric crypto
is still done on every movement. So, RR => no BSA, CGA => BSA.

Fifth, we need also some further decisions, such as whether to
do an RR test  to CoA as well as the HoA (I think we do), and some
DoS resistance tricks (e.g. puzzles vs. RR at the bottom of CGA, I believe
RR is a better choice for this), and possibly some others.

Jari





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Charlie,

I think I may not have made myself clear on some of the points. I'll try to
rephrase them either via contributions or in a later posting.  

Happy Holidays to all,

Glenn

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Charles E. Perkins [mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, December 21, 2001 12:11 PM
> To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
> 
> 
> Hello Glenn,
> 
> Glenn Morrow wrote:
> 
> > I guess all application or transport layers, even UDP, are 
> responsible for
> > checking that the source address is valid to tunnel-in so 
> to speak? I may be
> > wrong but we might be ignoring some other - less publicized threats.
> 
> To my understanding, the routing header is not necessarily even
> visible to higher-level protocols.  I don't think they should have
> anything to do with processing routing headers.
> 
> On the other hand, I think that setting up intermediate nodes for
> routing headers is an application-level function, just as with
> routing protocols.
> 
> >> 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address Option
> >>         The threat in this case is that some trivial source
> >>         spoofing attacks are possible. The answer to source
> >>         spoofing has always been smart ingress filtering.
> >>         its the same in this case too. Using a tunneling
> >>         approach does not it solve it either. So we have
> >>         two options
> >>         a. Document this threat in Mobile IPv6 security
> >>            considerations and leave it.
> >>         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option
> >>            is not processed unless there is a corresponding
> >>            binding cache entry (of course created securely).
> >>            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when
> >>            a binding cache entry does not exist.
> >>
> >>         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad
> >>         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the
> >>       threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks
> >>       are possible currently (in the current internet). if
> >>       the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
> >>
> > 
> > My opinion is that the specs should be correct and devoid 
> of holes. It is
> > implementation specific choice of vendors of equipment and 
> software to be
> > compliant or not. I don't think we should trivialize the 
> hole. We should just
> > fix it and move on. I also do not think that plugging the hole will
> > significantly increase the cost of devices. Ex. I don't see 
> an IP-enabled
> > light switch or toaster being accessed by millions of 
> mobile nodes at the same
> > time.
> 
> I have to agree that the specification has to be correct!  However, we
> always have to weigh the cost of the problem against the cost of the
> solution.  If the problem is microscopic, and the solution so 
> burdensome
> as to likely inhibit implementation, then the solution is not 
> a solution
> after all, and we should just document the problem.  Thus I agree very
> much with (a), because I think the threat is small.  Plus, I 
> think that
> ingress-filtering routers can be built to make the threat 
> even smaller.
> Furthermore, there are rules that can be built into 
> correspondent nodes
> to reduce the threat even more.
> 
> 
> >> 5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
> >>         a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically
> >>            Generated Addrs)
> >>         b. Binding Security Association
> >>
> >>         for (a), lets go with return routability unless
> >>       somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added
> >>       complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is
> >>       not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with
> >>       simple return routability.
> >>
> >>         for (b), I am not sure.
> >>
> > 
> > While I am not apposed to the 3-way triangular handshake - 
> bounce around the
> > world solutions being devised and standardized. At some 
> point, it might be
> > fruitful to focus on finding solutions that don't require 
> AAA, yet can
> > accomplish the association establishment in fewer messages. 
> This might be more
> > appropriate for working with real-time media streams. It 
> would also be faster
> > for non-realtime streams.  I don't really see that solution 
> to this fast
> > establishment problem should be restricted to just mobile 
> ip, however. I would
> > certainly understand if MIP-specific slower methods were 
> standardized and
> > implemented first, though.
> 
> If we were to make the three-way handshake part of the data 
> stream, then it
> would boil down to no more messages, but of course a lot more 
> data bytes in
> those messages.  Even if we don't do that, I think that the 
> return routability
> stuff isn't so bad, given that it would typically occur when 
> the application
> starts up, so that it would not interfere with the actual 
> data streaming.
> 
> The thing about Mobile IP that suggests a specialized 
> solution is exactly
> the possibility to rely on the return routability for 
> additional protection
> against wide-area attacks.  In fact, I reckon that this will 
> make MIP-specific
> methods faster, not slower, as long as we don't go overboard 
> with mandating
> a lot of heavy exponentiation as part of the solution.
> 
> > The main point here is that if the 3-way handshake is the 
> implementation, the
> > applicability of its use with other WG technologies may be 
> deminished;
> > therefore other SDOs can claim that because of this, they 
> are not conformant
> > with MIPv6 route optimization.
> 
> I don't think this is a likely result.  Furthermore, if 
> another solution
> is found that meets the performance and security needs of 
> Mobile IPv6, then
> it should be possible to use it.  This is another good reason 
> to keep the
> key establishment protocol separated from the Mobile IPv6 protocol.
> 
> > Even if there were a MIP RO with AAA document that did show 
> how it could be
> > done with fewer messages, I suspect that the endpoints 
> might need to know
> > which way it is being done and this might affect the MIPv6 
> protocol, itself?
> > If a solution with no AAA could be found and agreed upon, 
> this might avoid all
> > of this unpleasantness.
> 
> What do you think about bu3way?  It's bound to be a lot 
> faster than AAA, and
> can be adorned with optional features for additional security 
> for applications
> that need it.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Charlie,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I think I may not have made myself clear on some of =
the points. I'll try to rephrase them either via contributions or in a =
later posting.&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Happy Holidays to all,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Glenn</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Charles E. Perkins [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com">mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com</=
A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Friday, December 21, 2001 12:11 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C330:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for =
MIPv6</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Hello Glenn,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; I guess all application or transport =
layers, even UDP, are </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; responsible for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; checking that the source address is valid =
to tunnel-in so </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to speak? I may be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; wrong but we might be ignoring some other =
- less publicized threats.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To my understanding, the routing header is not =
necessarily even</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; visible to higher-level protocols.&nbsp; I =
don't think they should have</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; anything to do with processing routing =
headers.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; On the other hand, I think that setting up =
intermediate nodes for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; routing headers is an application-level =
function, just as with</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; routing protocols.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt; 2. Mobile IPv6 use of Home Address =
Option</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The threat in =
this case is that some trivial source</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; spoofing =
attacks are possible. The answer to source</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; spoofing has =
always been smart ingress filtering.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; its the same =
in this case too. Using a tunneling</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; approach does =
not it solve it either. So we have</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; two =
options</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a. Document =
this threat in Mobile IPv6 security</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p; considerations and leave it.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b. Solve it by =
mandating that home address option</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p; is not processed unless there is a corresponding</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p; binding cache entry (of course created securely).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p; use reverse tuneling through the home agent when</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p; a binding cache entry does not exist.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in my opinion, =
lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; idea. (b) is =
too drastic. I can live (a) becase the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
are possible currently (in the current internet). if</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; My opinion is that the specs should be =
correct and devoid </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; of holes. It is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; implementation specific choice of vendors =
of equipment and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; software to be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; compliant or not. I don't think we should =
trivialize the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; hole. We should just</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; fix it and move on. I also do not think =
that plugging the hole will</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; significantly increase the cost of =
devices. Ex. I don't see </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; an IP-enabled</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; light switch or toaster being accessed by =
millions of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; mobile nodes at the same</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; time.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I have to agree that the specification has to =
be correct!&nbsp; However, we</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; always have to weigh the cost of the problem =
against the cost of the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; solution.&nbsp; If the problem is microscopic, =
and the solution so </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; burdensome</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; as to likely inhibit implementation, then the =
solution is not </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a solution</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; after all, and we should just document the =
problem.&nbsp; Thus I agree very</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; much with (a), because I think the threat is =
small.&nbsp; Plus, I </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; think that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; ingress-filtering routers can be built to make =
the threat </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; even smaller.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Furthermore, there are rules that can be built =
into </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; correspondent nodes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to reduce the threat even more.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt; 5. Key Distribution protocol between =
MN and CN</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a. Return =
routability vs CGA (Cryptographically</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p; Generated Addrs)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b. Binding =
Security Association</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (a), lets =
go with return routability unless</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
somebody can prove that it is insecure. The added</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
simple return routability.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (b), I am =
not sure.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; While I am not apposed to the 3-way =
triangular handshake - </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; bounce around the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; world solutions being devised and =
standardized. At some </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; point, it might be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; fruitful to focus on finding solutions =
that don't require </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; AAA, yet can</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; accomplish the association establishment =
in fewer messages. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; This might be more</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; appropriate for working with real-time =
media streams. It </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; would also be faster</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; for non-realtime streams.&nbsp; I don't =
really see that solution </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to this fast</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; establishment problem should be restricted =
to just mobile </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; ip, however. I would</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; certainly understand if MIP-specific =
slower methods were </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; standardized and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; implemented first, though.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; If we were to make the three-way handshake part =
of the data </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; stream, then it</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; would boil down to no more messages, but of =
course a lot more </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; data bytes in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; those messages.&nbsp; Even if we don't do that, =
I think that the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; return routability</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; stuff isn't so bad, given that it would =
typically occur when </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; the application</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; starts up, so that it would not interfere with =
the actual </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; data streaming.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; The thing about Mobile IP that suggests a =
specialized </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; solution is exactly</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; the possibility to rely on the return =
routability for </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; additional protection</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; against wide-area attacks.&nbsp; In fact, I =
reckon that this will </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; make MIP-specific</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; methods faster, not slower, as long as we don't =
go overboard </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; with mandating</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a lot of heavy exponentiation as part of the =
solution.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; The main point here is that if the 3-way =
handshake is the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; implementation, the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; applicability of its use with other WG =
technologies may be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; deminished;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; therefore other SDOs can claim that =
because of this, they </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; are not conformant</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; with MIPv6 route optimization.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I don't think this is a likely result.&nbsp; =
Furthermore, if </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; another solution</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; is found that meets the performance and =
security needs of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Mobile IPv6, then</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; it should be possible to use it.&nbsp; This is =
another good reason </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to keep the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; key establishment protocol separated from the =
Mobile IPv6 protocol.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; Even if there were a MIP RO with AAA =
document that did show </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; how it could be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; done with fewer messages, I suspect that =
the endpoints </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; might need to know</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; which way it is being done and this might =
affect the MIPv6 </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; protocol, itself?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; If a solution with no AAA could be found =
and agreed upon, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; this might avoid all</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; of this unpleasantness.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; What do you think about bu3way?&nbsp; It's =
bound to be a lot </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; faster than AAA, and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; can be adorned with optional features for =
additional security </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; for applications</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; that need it.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Charlie P.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF053801C4C182@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se> <3C237AB8.F97ED12C@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 21:26:37 +0200
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> > not stop it. IMHO (and I'm not a security expert)
> > the combination of CGAs and RR is an excellent idea
> > and will give quite a strong security.
> > If the processing power is a concern, some optimisations
> > were proposed to off-load some of the operations
> > onto the HA.
> 
> IMO, this is not a option. there is no protocol for that.
> and if you try to do that, its plain stupid (of course IMHO).

Well... I'm not going discuss the latter claim, but there *is*
a protocol. See

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-roe-mobileip-updateauth-01.txt

under 3.2 and Optimisations. (In any case, the feeling in SLC
seemed to be roughly the following: "Nice to know we can optimise
for small MNs/CNs, but thank's, we don't think it will be necessary at
the beginning. We could do it as an optional protocol later.")

Jari





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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 21:54:15 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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On Fri, 21 Dec 2001, Michael Thomas wrote:
> Vijay Devarapalli writes:
>  > >   >         in my opinion, lets go with (a). (b) is a really bad
>  > >   >         idea. (b) is too drastic. I can live (a) becase the
>  > >   >     threat is very insignificant. Source spoofing attacks
>  > >   >     are possible currently (in the current internet). if
>  > >   >     the bottom line is 'do no harm' lets go with (a).
>  > >   >
>  > > 
>  > > => I'm afraid I agree with Pekka here. The threat
>  > > is definitely significant. We can't pretend it
>  > 
>  > Well. I disagree that the threat is significant. and we are
>  > not pretending that it is not there. we document it and leave
>  > it to the implementations. 
> 
> One of the criteria that Jeff gave was "do no
> harm".  There has *considerable* push to get RFC
> 2827 implemented widely. MIPv6 providing a new and
> pervasive source of source spoofing without a way
> to prevent that introduces considerable harm by
> any reasonable definition. I cannot see how this
> can be handwaved away.

Completely agree.  I fear the issue cannot be settled properly.

Everyone who thinks the threat isn't real should read:

Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:16:57 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
Reply-To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2)

This clarifies one issue that may not have come up strongly enough before.

Practically destination site's filtering which you _can_ rely on these
days is nullfied.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Vijay Devarapalli writes:
 > option (b) is very simple and works really well. 
 > all it needs is IKE supplying the keys. 

   This is *far* more complicated than you are
   making it out to be. Anybody who claims that
   changing IKE -- and IKE is *not* the only
   consideration -- would do well to find out 
   what is going on in the IPsec working group.
   Making tweaks for MIP is not even *vaguely*
   on their radar screen, nor is it clear that 
   the WG would ever take it up.

   Changing MIP to fit IPsec is a *far* easier
   path, and one that MIP WG is completely in
   control of their own destiny.

	  Mike


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Michael Thomas wrote:
> Vijay Devarapalli writes:
>  > option (b) is very simple and works really well.
>  > all it needs is IKE supplying the keys.
> 
>    This is *far* more complicated than you are
>    making it out to be. Anybody who claims that
>    changing IKE -- and IKE is *not* the only
>    consideration -- would do well to find out
>    what is going on in the IPsec working group.

It has been that IKE is "cast in stone". Luckily however,
IKE is in the process of being changed, as we speak.

IPSec working group is working on a successor of IKE, and 
now is the time to submit any specific requirements for IKEv2.
-- 
Regards,
Uri.
-=-=-<>-=-=-
<Disclaimer>


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> I believe there is a real difference in current spoofing
> attacks compared to the ones enabled by the home
> address option. Namely, ingress filtering or other techniques
> can prevent source address spoofing but I can't see how
> they could prevent HAO spoofing.

Ingress filtering could put some restriction on this.
For instance, it could be enforced that only one home
address could be associated to a particular care-of address.
This would eliminate most of the "fun" that would be
associated with such spoofing.  We could also say that
a correspondent node has to do such filtering.  After
these two measures are taken, I think that no self-respecting
bad guy would waste time on such a low-payoff exploit.

>>         b. Solve it by mandating that home address option
>>            is not processed unless there is a corresponding
>>            binding cache entry (of course created securely).
>>            use reverse tuneling through the home agent when
>>            a binding cache entry does not exist.
           ..........
> My preliminary answer here would be (b) unless we
> can think of something else, or a believable reason why
> the attack isn't serious enough.

(b) is a pretty heavy thing to mandate, especially if you agree
with my comments above after the previously cited paragraph.
Perhaps we could say "SHOULD" verify the feasibility of the
Home Address Option by some means, possibly including existence
of a Binding Security Association (BSA).  And then busily make
such a protocol for establilshing BSAs viable (work which I
reckon is currently going on).

At least in this way we could make progress without handicapping
all future implementations.


>> 3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one.
>>         a. new extension header
>>         b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
>>         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how
>>            authentication suboption and AH can be used
>>            together with minimal changes.
> 
> I'd like to see this as two separate issues, actually. The
> first issue is whether PKI and RR/CGA-based authentication
> are *alternatives* of which exactly one is used for one packet,
> or whether they are complementary, possibly used together.
> On this first question I have lately come to the conclusion
> that I'd prefer them to be possibly used together. This is
> because the methods prove different things. CGA e.g.
> proves address ownership while PKI proves you belong to
> the group of good guys. You might want the other one too,
> even if you already did one.

I agree that they do different things, and that they both
do good things, but I can't see mandating CGA, for all of the
reasons that have been mentioned elsewhere.

> The second issue is which protocol actually protects the
> BUs. Here my preferences are options 6.2 or 6.4 from my
> draft. (I seem to recall that we had some consensus in
> SLC about using rather a new protocol or UDP than IPv6
> DOs... if so, then 6.2 would be clearly possible as well).

I don't recall that there was consensus gauged about
anything, except _very briefly_ whether people would like
to see a new header type for Mobile IPv6 messaging.
I was a bit disconcerted that the call for consensus was
taken without any discussion on the issues, but even so
the results have to be taken into account.

Supposing we had a new header type.  Wouldn't it be
appropriate to make the necessary signaling for protecting
Binding Updates to also fit in the same container?


I'll have to postpone discussion on your other points about
CGA ==> BSA until later...

Regards,
Charlie P.


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Michael Thomas wrote:
> 
> Vijay Devarapalli writes:
>  > option (b) is very simple and works really well.
>  > all it needs is IKE supplying the keys.
> 
>    This is *far* more complicated than you are
>    making it out to be. Anybody who claims that
>    changing IKE -- and IKE is *not* the only
>    consideration -- would do well to find out
>    what is going on in the IPsec working group.

actually I did that. IPSec WG is currently working on
a requirements draft for son-of-IKE. I was surprised
that SCTP folks were able to add a couple of requirements
to make IKE work with SCTP. One of them I remember was
that son-of-IKE now should support multiple addresses 
instead of a single address. I believe this was needed 
for SCTP to work.

I was also talking to another person who is quite 
active in the IPSec WG. his personal opinion was 
that IPSec WG wouldnt be against taking on 
additional requirements. (also becuase they would
really like to see IKE being implemented and 
deployed widely).

I was thinking maybe could do something like this. So 
I mailed the IPSec WG chair Theodore T'so. I mailed a 
few other people too in the IPSec WG. havent heard from 
them yet.

Vijay

>    Making tweaks for MIP is not even *vaguely*
>    on their radar screen, nor is it clear that
>    the WG would ever take it up.
> 
>    Changing MIP to fit IPsec is a *far* easier
>    path, and one that MIP WG is completely in
>    control of their own destiny.
>
>           Mike


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Uri Blumenthal wrote:
> 
> Michael Thomas wrote:
> > Vijay Devarapalli writes:
> >  > option (b) is very simple and works really well.
> >  > all it needs is IKE supplying the keys.
> >
> >    This is *far* more complicated than you are
> >    making it out to be. Anybody who claims that
> >    changing IKE -- and IKE is *not* the only
> >    consideration -- would do well to find out
> >    what is going on in the IPsec working group.
> 
> It has been that IKE is "cast in stone". Luckily however,
> IKE is in the process of being changed, as we speak.
> 
> IPSec working group is working on a successor of IKE, and
> now is the time to submit any specific requirements for IKEv2.

Exactly!! two options here.

1. Increase the selector granularity. Destination option
   type should also be a selector.

2. Add Authentication sub option to AH and ESP as protocols
   which need keying by IKE.

Choosing 1 would be great. without it, IPSec is effectively 
killing the use of destination options becase they can never 
be protected specifically. It would good if the extension 
headers could be used more widely instead of always using 
a port number for selecting a particular SA.

regards
Vijay

> --
> Regards,
> Uri.
> -=-=-<>-=-=-
> <Disclaimer>


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Uri Blumenthal wrote:
> 
> Michael Thomas wrote:
> > Vijay Devarapalli writes:
> >  > option (b) is very simple and works really well.
> >  > all it needs is IKE supplying the keys.
> >
> >    This is *far* more complicated than you are
> >    making it out to be. Anybody who claims that
> >    changing IKE -- and IKE is *not* the only
> >    consideration -- would do well to find out
> >    what is going on in the IPsec working group.
> 
> It has been that IKE is "cast in stone". Luckily however,
> IKE is in the process of being changed, as we speak.
> 
> IPSec working group is working on a successor of IKE, and
> now is the time to submit any specific requirements for IKEv2.
> --
> Regards,
> Uri.
> -=-=-<>-=-=-
> <Disclaimer>

I was recently talking with someone involved in the work refered to
above and he was surprised none of the requirements from here were
known to them. In fact, the work is in an advanced stage so it won't
necessarily take years before the revised APIs could be available.
IPsec interfacing seems to me to be a manageable database API problem,
its implementation is not rocket science, it has mainly been taken
too much "given" that absolutely nothing can be changed there.

BR,

-Jari


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Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 16:15:22 -0800
From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: Mobile IP Working Group <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Last minute revisions to RFC2002bis --> RFC 3220
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Hello folks,

RFC2002bis made it to the RFC Editor's desk and was ready to be
published as RFC 3220.  However, the decision was taken to make
one last minute revision, in order to resolve the problem that
had been raised by Siva and Alper regarding the erroneous use of
0.0.0.0 as a destination address for the Registration Reply in
case the mobile node send a Registration Request with source IP
address indicated as 0.0.0.0.

Since RFC 3220 was not published, it was possible to insert these
changes.  Essentially, the new draft mandates use of the mobile
node's home address whenever that is possible, which is in almost
every case.  The case when it is not possible, is when the mobile
node was asking to get a home address, and the Registration Reply
indicates rejection for some reason.

Along the way, I had been informed about a variety of minor
editorial problems -- even, I must say, a spelling error.
So I fixed those also.

The only outstanding issue has to do with prohibiting retransmitted
Registration Requests from using alternative NAIs.  This "could"
be considered "obvious", and so it was felt that there was no need
to further perturb the contents of RFC 2002bis.

Below, please find a complete list of all changes from RFC2002bis
as it was at the conclusion of IETF Last Call, and what will be
hopefully published very soon by the RFC Editor.  If there is any
objection to these changes, please let me know ASAP.

Happy Holidays!

Regards,
Charlie P.

PS. The "Changes" appendix materials probably will disappear...

================= Last-Minute Changes to RFC2002bis ====================

"<" == new
">" == old

639c639
<     a) A "foreign agent care-of address" is a care-of address provided
---
>     -  A "foreign agent care-of address" is a care-of address provided
649c649
<     b) A "co-located care-of address" is a care-of address acquired
---
>     -  A "co-located care-of address" is a care-of address acquired



712a713,744
>    For example, the figure below illustrates the routing of datagrams
>    to and from a mobile node away from home, once the mobile node has
>    registered with its home agent.  In the figure below, the mobile node
>    is using a foreign agent care-of address:
736,766d767
<    For example, figure 1 illustrates the routing of datagrams to
<    and from a mobile node away from home, once the mobile node has
<    registered with its home agent.  In figure 1, the mobile node is
<    using a foreign agent care-of address, not a co-located care-of
<    address.



774,775c775,776
<    Router Discovery messages.  Some extensions have been specified
<    to be encoded in the simple Type-Length-Value format described in
>    Router Discovery messages.  Some extensions have been specified to be
>    encoded in the following simple Type-Length-Value format described in


872c872
<    extension structure does not encourage the most efficient usage
---
>    extension structures does not encourage the most efficient usage


917c917
<        0                   1                   2                   3
---
>       0                   1                   2                   3


930,931c930,931
<       Type     is the type which describes a collection of extensions
<                which have a common data type.
---
>       Type     is the type which describe a collection of extensions
>                which has a common data type.
982c982
<        0                   1                   2                   3
---
>       0                   1                   2                   3
992,993c992,993
<       Type     is the type which describes a collection of extensions
<                which have a common data type.
---
>       Type     is the type which describe a collection of extensions
>                which has a common data type.


1240,1241c1240,1241
<    'F' bit is not also set.  Furthermore, at least one of the 'F' bit
<    and the 'H' bit MUST be set in any Agent Advertisement message sent.
---
>    'F' bit is not also set, and at least one of the 'F' bit and the 'H'
>    bit MUST be set in any Agent Advertisement message sent.


1343,1346c1343,1344
<    Agent Solicitation.  All mobility agents MUST join the Mobile-Agents
<    multicast group, at address 224.0.0.11.  A mobile node MAY send an
<    Agent Solitication to 224.0.0.11.  All mobility agents SHOULD respond
<    to Agent Solicitations.
---
>    Agent Solicitation.  All mobility agents SHOULD respond to Agent
>    Solicitations.


1417,1419c1417,1419
<    nodes can distinguish a reduction in the sequence number that occurs
<    after a reboot from a reduction that results in rollover of the
<    sequence number after it attains the value 0xffff.
---
>    nodes can distinguish reductions in sequence numbers that result from
>    reboots, from reductions that result in rollover of the sequence
>    number after it attains the value 0xffff.


2372,2373c2372,2373
<     -  Otherwise, if the mobile node does not have a home address, the
<        IP source address MUST be 0.0.0.0.
---
>     -  If the mobile node does not have a home address, the IP source
>        address MUST be 0.0.0.0.

2389,2390c2389,2390
<        as learned from the IP source address of the corresponding
<        Agent Advertisement MUST be used.  This MAY be an address
---
>        as learned from the IP source address of the corresponding Agent
>        Advertisement MUST be used.  In addition, when transmitting


2399,2400d2398
<        which does not appear as an advertised care-of address in
<        the Agent Advertisement.  In addition, when transmitting


2821c2821
<     - the IP Destination Address (as specified in 3.6.1.1)
---
>     - the IP Destination Address (as specified in 3.6.2.3)


3014,3017c3014,3016
<                If the Registration Reply (as received from the Home
<                Agent) contains a Home Address which is not 0.0.0.0,
<                then the IP Destination Address is copied from the Home
<                Address field of the Registration Reply.  Otherwise, the
---
>                Copied from the IP Source Address of the Registration
>                Request.


3026,3027d3024
<                IP Destination Address of the Registration Reply is set
<                to be 255.255.255.255.


3242,3243c3236,3237
<            extension or verify that the authenticator value has been
<            checked by another agent with which it has a security
---
>            extension.  or verify that the authenticator value has
>            been checked by another agent with which it has a security


3445c3438
<    This section provides the specific rules by which home agents pick
---
>    This section provides the specific rules by which mobile nodes pick


3695c3683
<    address associated with the mobile node's IP address.
---
>    address associated to the mobile node's IP address.


3734,3737c3721,3724
<    of the encapsulated datagram MUST be the address sent to the mobile
<    node in the home agent field of the registration reply.  That is, the
<    home agent cannot use the the address of some other network interface
<    as the source address.
---
>    of the encapsulated datagram MUST be the address that the mobile
>    node used in the home agent field of the registration request.  That
>    is, the home agent cannot use the the address of some other network
>    interface as the source address.


3844c3833
<    In order to receive multicasts, a mobile node MUST join the multicast
---
>    In order receive multicasts, a mobile node MUST join the multicast


3895,3900c3883,3888
<    A mobile node can be a router that is responsible for the mobility of
<    one or more entire networks moving together, perhaps on an airplane,
<    a ship, a train, an automobile, a bicycle, or a kayak.  The nodes
<    connected to a network served by the mobile router may themselves
<    be fixed nodes or mobile nodes or routers.  In this document, such
<    networks are called "mobile networks".
---
>    A mobile node can be a router, which is responsible for the mobility
>    of one or more entire networks moving together, perhaps on an
>    airplane, a ship, a train, an automobile, a bicycle, or a kayak.
>    The nodes connected to a network served by the mobile router may
>    themselves be fixed nodes or mobile nodes or routers.  In this
>    document, such networks are called "mobile networks".


4093c4082
<    of its home agent.  The ARP packet from the home agent MUST be
---
>    of its home agent.  Th ARP packet from the home agent MUST be


4187,4193c4173,4187
<        Address is set to the link-layer address of the mobile node.
<        If, instead, the home agent rejects the Registration Request,
<        the home agent MUST NOT make any change to the way it performs
<        ARP processing (gratuitous nor proxy) for the mobile node.  In
<        this latter case, the home agent should operate as if the mobile
<        node has not returned home, and continue to perform proxy ARP on
<        behalf of the mobile node.
---
>        Address is set to the link-layer address of the mobile node.  If,
>        instead, the home agent rejects the Registration Request, the
>        home agent MUST NOT make any change to the way it performs ARP
>        processing (gratuitous nor proxy) for the mobile node.  In this
>        latter case, the HA should operate as if the MN has not returned
>        home, and continue to perform proxy ARP on behalf of the MN.


4628d4627
<     - Ken Imboden (Candlestick Networks, Inc.)
4639d4637
<     - Alper Yegin (NTT DoCoMo)


5050,5060c5050
< G.1. Recent Changes Subsequent to Revision 08 of RFC2002bis
< 
<    The following minor revisions had to be made, necessitating this new
<    revision for RFC2002bis:
< 
<     -  Specification for Destination IP address of Registration
<        Reply transmitted from Foreign Agent, to avoid any possible
<        transmission to IP address 0.0.0.0.


5153,5156c5143,5145
<     -  In section 4.2.3, specification that multihomed home agents MUST
<        use the the address sent to the mobile node in the home agent
<        field of the registration reply as the source address in the
<        outer IP header of the encapsulated datagram.
---
>     -  Specification that multihomed home agents MUST use the registered
>        care-of address as the source address in the outer IP header of
>        the encapsulated datagram.


5174,5176c5163,5165
<        a multicast group at the router on the foreign network, the
<        mobile node MUST use its home address as the source IP address
<        for multicast packets,
---
>        multicast group at the router on the foreign network, the mobile
>        node MUST use its home address as the source IP address for
>        multicast packets,



5430,5433c5430,5433
<     [3] J. Border, M. Kojo, J. Griner, G. Montenegro, and Z. Shelby.
<         Performance Enhancing Proxies Intended to Mitigate Link-Related
<         Degradations.  Request for Comments (Proposed Standard) 3135,
<         Internet Engineering Task Force, June 2001.
---
>     [3] J. Border, M. Kojo, J. Griner, G. Montenegro, and
>         Z. Shelby.  Performance Enhancing Proxies (work in
>         progress).  Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force.
>         draft-ietf-pilc-pep-07.txt, May 2001.


5458,5460c5458,5460
<         End-to-end Performance Implications of Links with Errors.
<         Request for Comments (Proposed Standard) 3155, Internet
<         Engineering Task Force, August 2001.
---
>         Performance Implications of Link-Layer Characteristics:  Links
>         with Errors.  Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force.
>         draft-ietf-pilc-error-08.txt, June 2001.


5478,5479c5478
<         Extensions.  Request for Comments (Proposed Standard) 3115,
<         Internet Engineering Task Force, April 2001.
---
>         Extensions, April 2001.


5591,5593c5591,5593
<    [35] Charles E. Perkins and Pat R. Calhoun.  AAA Registration Keys
<         for Mobile IP (work in progress).
<         draft-ietf-mobileip-aaa-key-05.txt, May 2001.
---
>    [35] C. Perkins and P. Calhoun.  Generalized Key Distribution
>         Extensions for Mobile IP (work in progress).
>         draft-ietf-mobileip-gen-key-01.txt, July 2001.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 06:53:48 2001
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@inria.fr>,
        "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
References: <200112211439.fBLEdfD69151@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
	<3C23828A.4876D73E@iprg.nokia.com>
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@crm.mot.com>
Date: 22 Dec 2001 10:51:07 +0100
In-Reply-To: <3C23828A.4876D73E@iprg.nokia.com>
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"Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com> writes:
> No, but we could use less hysteria.  I would suggest that we
> build and test some of the proposed approaches, and carry out
> some reasoned discussion after we have more experience.

Anyone wishing to play today with a return routability implementation,
please consider MIPL archives: there's a patch for 0.8.1 that
establishes an MN-CN key with BAKE.

Alex



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:16:57 +0200.
             <Pine.LNX.4.33.0112211307520.24612-100000@netcore.fi> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 16:03:34 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Your argument about source spoofing does not apply; ...
   
             host1 --- fwrtr1 - rtrISP - Internet - fwrtr2 ---host2
                   3ffe:ffff:1::/48            3ffe:ffff:2::/48
   
   Now, the attacker host1 could attack:
   
   src = 3ffe:ffff:1::1 (or spoofed if no filtering in fwrtr1, as assumed)

=> you say you have a source spoofing attack when the source firewall
doesn't filter anything. I have not to read further in order to say
you should be right and you add nothing to the debate...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 21 Dec 2001 10:17:59 PST.
             <3C237CD7.DAD049A2@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 16:34:27 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >    3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one.
   >            a. new extension header
   >            b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
   >            c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how
   >               authentication suboption and AH can be used
   >               together with minimal changes.
   > 
   > => argh! Which draft/section/etc?
   
   draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-01.txt, section 6.4. 
   
=> I am still in favor of (a) because (a) really gives the choice
between using Mobile IPv6 (aka application) specific stuff or
plain IPsec. This is related to piggy-packing too (and I am strongly
opposed to it).

   >            for (b), I am not sure.
   > 
   > => explain a bit more the (b) issue.
   
   the issue is with the creation of BSAs. do you need the key 
   distribution protocol to create BSAs? for example both BU3WAY 
   and BAKE use return routability. but BAKE creates a BSA, whereas 
   BU3WAY does not. BU3WAY is run everytime the MN sends a BU 
   to the CN. There are a few arguments for not creating a BSA 
   in Erik Nordmark's draft.
   
=> first I believe that in some circumstances BAs have to be secured too.
As I believe the return routability itself is not enough secure there
is no advantage to have an ultra light weight scheme, i.e. to create
a BSA should be paid off by possible reuse.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 11:19:43 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 21 Dec 2001 10:42:18 PST.
             <3C23828A.4876D73E@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 17:17:29 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >    1. Mobile IPv6 use of Routing Header
   > 
   > => the solution has to be written down in a draft and presented
   > to the IPv6 WG ASAP as a part of the host requirement document.
   
   The solution depends on the application.

=> I agree but today the general problem is known so we have to both
fix the general case (even with drastic statements like by default
hosts should drop packets with routing headers with segleft != 0)
and specify the Mobile IPv6 solution.

   I can imagine uses of the routing header that would be set up by
   security-conscious people who demand certain routability.  I believe
   that the IPv6 working group CANNOT predict all the necessary policy
   mechanisms to check the correctness of such esoteric uses of the
   routing header.
   
=> the specs should keep a open door for new usages but now
the open door is for attacks and the priority is there.

   > => it seems I have to write the IPv6 ingress filtering document
   > (it is in my TODO list, I'll check with my co-author when we
   > can write it).
   
   This sounds like a real piece of hard work.  Can you give a preview
   of what you have in mind?

=> explain DDoS and iDDoS threats, how ingress filtering is a reply
to DDoS, how smart ingress filtering (ingress filtering + responsible
usage of the network + access control extension) is a reply to iDDoS.

   Are you looking for co-masochists?
   
=> no, I should have written this document with Claude Castelluccia
(the whole thing is not new for us) at the beginning of this year...

   >    3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one.
   >            a. new extension header
   >            b. Authentication Sub-Option only.
   >            c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how
   >               authentication suboption and AH can be used
   >               together with minimal changes.
   > 
   >            if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP.
   >            instead we should use a new extension header.
   > 
   > => I am in favor of (a) because it works without the need
   > to check if there is some IPsec somewhere. As IPsec codes
   > are a bit complex (:-) and have strange (:-) interactions
   > with other parts of stacks, IMHO this is a strong argument.
   
   I'm not so enthusiastic about (a), because I know it's a pile
   of work to do it.

=> no, this is just a statement in the IANA section.

   >(piggy-backing)
   >            a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
   >            b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
   >               good to use and when it is bad to use.
   > 
   > => (b) with good to use == never and bad to use == always!
   
   This isn't right.  It's almost always good to use, because it
   almost always offers a performance improvement.  There are times
   when the performance improvement could make the difference in
   even the feasibility of smooth voice handovers, due to the
   decrease in jitter (as was pointed out in work from Cedric Westphal).
   
=> all these arguments still apply if this is done by the link-layer.
IMHO this is a typical case of mobility = wireless confusion.

   >    5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
   >            a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically
   >               Generated Addrs)
   >            b. Binding Security Association
   > 
   >            for (a), lets go with return routability unless
   >         somebody can prove that it is insecure.
   > 
   > => very easy: put the attacker in the CN default router.
   
   This is not "easy"

=> I disagree: the formal proof (of insecurity) is easy.

   and furthermore to prevent such an attack
   would take a LOT more mandated protocol than is likely to be
   promoted as part of any realistic solution.  I reckon that
   compromising the default router is one of the worst things
   that could happen at any enterprise, and afterwards nobody
   will give a rat's patootie about what happened to Mobile IPv6.
   
=> we are talking about formal proofs... at least, this is what
I understood from Vijay's question.

   >         The added
   >         complexity of CGA or Diffie Helman operations is
   >         not worth it. no additional gain. so lets go with
   >         simple return routability.
   > 
   > => I am afraid that if we do that all CNs will simply reject
   > BSA establishment attempts. Of course if BSA establishments
   > are very expensive (a lot of crypto operations) we'll get the
   > same result. Here we really need a miracle!
   
   No, but we could use less hysteria.

=> the real issue is we don't know what can be accepted by the market
between cheap & not secure and expensive & very secure. Obviously
there is a balance and to strike it seems to be hard.

   I would suggest that we build and test some of the proposed
   approaches, and carry out some reasoned discussion after we have
   more experience.

=> IPsec/IKE was built and tested, so we have already a point in
one side of the spectrum (too far from the middle according to the IESG).

   This whole argument is sounding to me about how insane it would be
   to use your credit card over the Internet.

=> I agree this is more FUD than a real problem. But we have to take
care of possible FUD against Mobile IPv6... unfortunately not since today.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 11:26:26 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 21 Dec 2001 10:30:57 PST.
             <3C237FE1.D041D3BD@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 17:24:46 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >about BU protection, (b) is Authentication Sub-Option only.

   option (b) is very simple and works really well. 
   all it needs is IKE supplying the keys. 
   
=> argh! I have two strong objections:
 - if piggy-backing is used ((a) new extension header simply makes
   piggy-backing impossible) you can get all the IPsec for another
   reason huge complexity.
 - IKE is Diffie-Hellman with strong authentication,
   as strong authentication mandates a global PKI (nobody
   knows how to do it without, specially in the IKE case)
   there is like a problem here...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: IKE is a pig, left it to IPsec people. Even for the MN-HA security
association(s) IKE should be replaced by better tools (like AAA as described
in AAA for Mobile IPv6 drafts).


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 11:43:34 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 21 Dec 2001 10:08:56 PST.
             <3C237AB8.F97ED12C@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 17:41:44 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > => Definitely a) or alternatively a UDP port number.
   
   never UDP. a lot of implementations dont have UDP in the
   kernel. Mobile IPv6 almost always exists in the kernel.
   IF we go with (a) lets use a new extension header.
   
=> Mobile IPv4 uses UDP and this doesn't seem to be a problem...
As an implementor (of a mobile IPv6 in the user space :-) I can
say the alternative is valid.

   But before that, I think people should read Jari Arkko's
   draft again. draft-arkko-mipv6-bu-security-01.txt, section 6.4.
   With that approach we dont need a new extension header for
   the BU. and there will be minimal changes to the existing
   implementations.
   
=> I already said why I don't believe in this approach.

   Before people say 'new extension header' please think about

=> note that "extension" is misleading, we are talking about
a new terminal header type (a protocol in IPv4 terms).

   what it means. it means changing a lot of implementations.

=> these implementations have to be changed in any case...

   a new extension header not understood by intermediate routers
   and dropped.

=> NO, intermediate routers don't process terminal headers.

   firewalls need to know about the new extension header....

=> this is true for any new protocols like SCTP.
   
   I guess you need to read BU3WAY again. It just uses return
   routability. and BU3WAY cannot be called insecure in any
   way. and your connection hijacking does not happen there.
   
=> don't joke: BU3WAY security is very low (perhaps too low).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 18:49:40 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-Reply-To: <200112221641.fBMGfiD00225@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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On Sat, 22 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
>    firewalls need to know about the new extension header....
> 
> => this is true for any new protocols like SCTP.

SCTP is a valid analogy only if the considered extension header type is
"terminal".  So no TCP/UDP/whatever in that packet then .. that's what's
under the discussion, right?

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords




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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:11:46 PST.
             <3C23A592.ED7C9403@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 17:52:24 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I don't recall that there was consensus gauged about
   anything, except _very briefly_ whether people would like
   to see a new header type for Mobile IPv6 messaging.
   I was a bit disconcerted that the call for consensus was
   taken without any discussion on the issues, but even so
   the results have to be taken into account.
   
=> it seems the only real consensus is we have none (:-).

   Supposing we had a new header type.  Wouldn't it be
   appropriate to make the necessary signaling for protecting
   Binding Updates to also fit in the same container?
   
=> yes of course, same for binding acknowledgements.
I don't know about binding requests but as this costs nothing
(in fact this can remove some complexity) I am in favor
to get a new terminal header type in order to put the whole Mobile IPv6
signaling, including dedicated security, in it.
   
Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 12:01:49 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:21:38 PST.
             <3C23A7E2.9C97F9D1@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 18:00:16 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   It would good if the extension 
   headers could be used more widely instead of always using 
   a port number for selecting a particular SA.
   
=> the only advantage will be to give more control to applications
in the use of IPsec (i.e. in place of hacking the SPD, an application
can just use a "please-protect-me" destination option.
But in the BU protection context, this will only raise again the
piggy-backing issue (i.e. two different policies for the same packet
for maximal confusion).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: does this work well with the proposed IPsec implementation
for Solaris (cf. very old mails about IPsec and piggy-backing)?


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 12:20:13 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 22 Dec 2001 18:49:40 +0200.
             <Pine.LNX.4.33.0112221846320.3957-100000@netcore.fi> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 18:18:23 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   On Sat, 22 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
   >    firewalls need to know about the new extension header....
   > 
   > => this is true for any new protocols like SCTP.
   
   SCTP is a valid analogy only if the considered extension header type is
   "terminal".  So no TCP/UDP/whatever in that packet then .. that's what's
   under the discussion, right?
   
=> it should be terminal because a new not-terminal header type has
no real advantage over the destination option header.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 13:13:00 2001
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From: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Hello Francis,

I reckon we're not too far from agreement.  Comments below:

Francis Dupont wrote:

>    >    3. Protecting the BU. There are three options. pick one.
>    >            a. new extension header

>                .............

> I'm not so enthusiastic about (a), because I know it's a pile
>    of work to do it.
>
> => no, this is just a statement in the IANA section.

I wish.  No, I (as editor) would have to specify the exact placement,
and interactions with possibly every other IPv6 header type.
Plus who knows what other interactions will rear their ugly faces
just at the last minute when we thought we had finally made it
through Last Call...?!

>    >(piggy-backing)
>    >            a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
>    >            b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
>    >               good to use and when it is bad to use.
>    >
>    > => (b) with good to use == never and bad to use == always!
>
>    This isn't right.  It's almost always good to use, because it
>    almost always offers a performance improvement.  There are times
>    when the performance improvement could make the difference in
>    even the feasibility of smooth voice handovers, due to the
>    decrease in jitter (as was pointed out in work from Cedric Westphal).
>
> => all these arguments still apply if this is done by the link-layer.
> IMHO this is a typical case of mobility = wireless confusion.

But it's not.  The point of my statement about this, is that sending
the control signal along with the data is very helpful as noted.
The link-layer cannot distinguish between control and data.
And we aren't supposed to be in the business of favoring those
distinguished link-layers that know a lot about bundling packets.

Furthermore, I will claim that I am usually pretty aware of the
distinction between mobility and wireless, but hey nobody's perfect.

>    >    5. Key Distribution protocol between MN and CN
>    >            a. Return routability vs CGA (Cryptographically
>    >               Generated Addrs)
>    >            b. Binding Security Association
>    >
>    >            for (a), lets go with return routability unless
>    >         somebody can prove that it is insecure.
>    >
>    > => very easy: put the attacker in the CN default router.
>
>    This is not "easy"

> => I disagree: the formal proof (of insecurity) is easy.

An easy proof is not the same as a worrisome threat.


Regards,
Charlie P.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 13:14:59 2001
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Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 20:13:22 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2) 
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On Sat, 22 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
>    Your argument about source spoofing does not apply; ...
>    
>              host1 --- fwrtr1 - rtrISP - Internet - fwrtr2 ---host2
>                    3ffe:ffff:1::/48            3ffe:ffff:2::/48
>    
>    Now, the attacker host1 could attack:
>    
>    src = 3ffe:ffff:1::1 (or spoofed if no filtering in fwrtr1, as assumed)
> 
> => you say you have a source spoofing attack when the source firewall
> doesn't filter anything. I have not to read further in order to say
> you should be right and you add nothing to the debate...

fwrtr1 is irrelevant in this scenario; it's all about what fwrtr2 can be 
trusted to do.

Without HAO, destination site can still protect from the attackers
spoofing the source as one of the destination site's internal addresses.  

With HAO this filtering, which you _can_ rely on, is nullified unless 
firewalls keep state of the bindings (or somehow know enough of them).

A relevant threat, as those addresses could be viewed to be more trusted
than most addresses in the internet.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 22 Dec 2001 10:05:17 PST.
             <3C24CB5D.CF3CE33F@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 19:47:13 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:
   
   >(about a new header for BUs)
   > => no, this is just a statement in the IANA section.
   
   I wish.

=> me too.

   No, I (as editor) would have to specify the exact placement,
   and interactions with possibly every other IPv6 header type.

=> terminal (simple, no interaction).

   Plus who knows what other interactions will rear their ugly faces
   just at the last minute when we thought we had finally made it
   through Last Call...?!
   
=> same answer.

   >    >(piggy-backing)
   >    >            a. lets leave it as it is. it is a 'MAY'.
   >    >            b. leave it as it is, but recommend when it is
   >    >               good to use and when it is bad to use.
   >    >
   >    > => (b) with good to use == never and bad to use == always!
   >
   >    This isn't right.  It's almost always good to use, because it
   >    almost always offers a performance improvement.  There are times
   >    when the performance improvement could make the difference in
   >    even the feasibility of smooth voice handovers, due to the
   >    decrease in jitter (as was pointed out in work from Cedric Westphal).
   >
   > => all these arguments still apply if this is done by the link-layer.
   > IMHO this is a typical case of mobility = wireless confusion.
   
   But it's not.  The point of my statement about this, is that sending
   the control signal along with the data is very helpful as noted.

=> there are tons of reasons showing this is a bad idea.
In general control and data need different policies for something
(security (so IPsec issue), QoS, etc) and this is hard to apply
two different policies to the same packet. Just put them
in the same frame (-:)?

   The link-layer cannot distinguish between control and data.

=> make it more clever, i.e. recognize binding update in the "to be
transmit" queue and put them in front of the "next to go" frame
(but see the PostScriptum).

   And we aren't supposed to be in the business of favoring those
   distinguished link-layers that know a lot about bundling packets.
   
=> but very slow or very fast link-layers for different reasons
can take benefit from a knowledge of what is in packets.
I agree I don't want to open door to backones with routers look at
inside my packets (they need the length only in order to aggregate
packets into super-frames) but I am not against not-dumb first/last
slow link-layers.

   Furthermore, I will claim that I am usually pretty aware of the
   distinction between mobility and wireless, but hey nobody's perfect.
   
=> you should recognize piggy-backing is less useful on an Ethernet
or a 802.11b/802.11a. I consider piggy-backing as an over-optimization
(as RSVP in fact) in most cases, i.e. this really makes sense with
some link-layers which are very hard (i.e. too expensive) to improve
(this is the case of mobile phone in Europe, nobody wants to buy
a second license in some countries just to get more bandwidth :-).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: the netcontrol class selector is still defined. If someone uses it
in order to prioritize (?) BUs and if the link-layer knows class selectors,
this will be better than piggy-backing: BUs will be delivered ASAP without
waiting for the end of long frames. Aggressive link-layers can even
cancel a long transmission in favor of a BU...
(note I consider there is important to deliver BUs ASAP which is the case
for home registration, piggy-backing is essentielly a slow down mechanism
because it waits for something into piggy-back... My IPv6 payload header
was smarter because it was designed in order to compress the "to be transmit"
queue, i.e. it was always more efficient)


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Dec 22 14:00:17 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 22 Dec 2001 20:13:22 +0200.
             <Pine.LNX.4.33.0112222010270.4578-100000@netcore.fi> 
Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 19:58:27 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   On Sat, 22 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
   >    Your argument about source spoofing does not apply; ...
   >    
   >              host1 --- fwrtr1 - rtrISP - Internet - fwrtr2 ---host2
   >                    3ffe:ffff:1::/48            3ffe:ffff:2::/48
   >    
   >    Now, the attacker host1 could attack:
   >    
   >    src = 3ffe:ffff:1::1 (or spoofed if no filtering in fwrtr1, as assumed)
   > 
   > => you say you have a source spoofing attack when the source firewall
   > doesn't filter anything. I have not to read further in order to say
   > you should be right and you add nothing to the debate...
   
   fwrtr1 is irrelevant in this scenario; it's all about what fwrtr2 can be 
   trusted to do.
   
=> fwrtr1 is the place where smart ingress filtering can be done.
Without it, the job of fwrtr2 is far more difficult. And look at
my conclusion.

   Without HAO, destination site can still protect from the attackers
   spoofing the source as one of the destination site's internal addresses.  
   
=> this is trivial anti-spoofing.

   With HAO this filtering, which you _can_ rely on, is nullified unless 
   firewalls keep state of the bindings (or somehow know enough of them).
   
=> I agree: the protection of the home domain needs to know the home
registrations, by BU/BA spoofing and/or with HA collaboration.

   A relevant threat, as those addresses could be viewed to be more trusted
   than most addresses in the internet.
   
=> usually the potential home addresses are known so it is possible to
give them less trust than for local addresses of fixed nodes.

But I prefer to rely on smart ingress filtering because if you have
no ingress filtering you have no good reply to ordinary DDos, i.e.
this is a question of are you dead or more dead (:-)?

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: if we continue this discussion, can you put the whole scenario
in order to be understable (not only boring :-) for others?


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
References: <3C2230D9.5BA4B149@iprg.nokia.com> <003301c18a54$4b115e80$8a1b6e0a@arenanet.fi> <3C23A592.ED7C9403@iprg.nokia.com>
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Jari Arkko wrote:

>>I believe there is a real difference in current spoofing
>>attacks compared to the ones enabled by the home
>>address option. Namely, ingress filtering or other techniques
>>can prevent source address spoofing but I can't see how
>>they could prevent HAO spoofing.

Charles E. Perkins wrote:

> Ingress filtering could put some restriction on this.
> For instance, it could be enforced that only one home
> address could be associated to a particular care-of address.
> This would eliminate most of the "fun" that would be
> associated with such spoofing.  We could also say that
> a correspondent node has to do such filtering.  After
> these two measures are taken, I think that no self-respecting
> bad guy would waste time on such a low-payoff exploit.


Well, to me this seems to depend on how the CoAs are
assigned.  If the MN is allowed to use stateless autoconfiguration,
it can generate a few thousand different CoAs for itself,
and use each CoA separately to send different home addresses
in the Home Address Option.  Ingress filtering wouldn't
notice this, each packet just would seem to originate
from a different host.  In an ethernet like network it is
even possible to use a different MAC address each time.

--Pekka Nikander




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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2) 
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On Sat, 22 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
>    On Sat, 22 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
>    >    Your argument about source spoofing does not apply; ...
>    >    
>    >              host1 --- fwrtr1 - rtrISP - Internet - fwrtr2 ---host2
>    >                    3ffe:ffff:1::/48            3ffe:ffff:2::/48
>    >    
>    >    Now, the attacker host1 could attack:
>    >    
>    >    src = 3ffe:ffff:1::1 (or spoofed if no filtering in fwrtr1, as assumed)
>    > 
>    > => you say you have a source spoofing attack when the source firewall
>    > doesn't filter anything. I have not to read further in order to say
>    > you should be right and you add nothing to the debate...
>    
>    fwrtr1 is irrelevant in this scenario; it's all about what fwrtr2 can be 
>    trusted to do.
>    
> => fwrtr1 is the place where smart ingress filtering can be done.
> Without it, the job of fwrtr2 is far more difficult. And look at
> my conclusion.

fwrtr2 can only protect what it knows, that is, the local site not being 
spoofed.

But as that is the only filtering you can _rely on_ (there might not be 
smart ingress filtering at fwrtr1!), it MUST NOT be compromised.

>    Without HAO, destination site can still protect from the attackers
>    spoofing the source as one of the destination site's internal addresses.  
>    
> => this is trivial anti-spoofing.

It is trivial, but vital.

>    With HAO this filtering, which you _can_ rely on, is nullified unless 
>    firewalls keep state of the bindings (or somehow know enough of them).
>    
> => I agree: the protection of the home domain needs to know the home
> registrations, by BU/BA spoofing and/or with HA collaboration.

I disagree with your conclusion.  I didn't say "it's ok to drop this issue
and require the firewall know the registrations".  I think I know my 
opinion about the subject already :-).

And even if we did this, it would not help.  The firewalls of sites where 
CN's are (perhaps not wanting _anything_ to do with MIPv6) would have to 
have these mappings as well, not just home domains.

The reality might be that:
 1) those that don't care or understand the problems pass this through
 2) some (perhaps even most) home domains implement what you suggest
 3) the rest of home domains and probably about all CN sites (people who 
care) drop all packets with HOA.

>    A relevant threat, as those addresses could be viewed to be more trusted
>    than most addresses in the internet.
>    
> => usually the potential home addresses are known so it is possible to
> give them less trust than for local addresses of fixed nodes.
> 
> But I prefer to rely on smart ingress filtering because if you have
> no ingress filtering you have no good reply to ordinary DDos, i.e.
> this is a question of are you dead or more dead (:-)?

Ingress filtering requires it is done at the source.  This is not always 
done.  Every site should implement egress filtering -- it's for their own 
safety even if they couldn't care for others'.

> PS: if we continue this discussion, can you put the whole scenario
> in order to be understable (not only boring :-) for others?

I'm not sure how to make it clearer.

I've added this to my draft:

http://www.netcore.fi/pekkas/ietf/draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-01bis.txt

The only changes are in section 3.1 "The Source Address Spoofing Problem"

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Dec 23 21:14:56 2001
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Date: Mon, 24 Dec 2001 00:37:31 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
To: charliep@iprg.nokia.com
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> I have to agree that the specification has to be correct!  However, we
> always have to weigh the cost of the problem against the cost of the
> solution.  If the problem is microscopic, and the solution so burdensome
> as to likely inhibit implementation, then the solution is not a solution
> after all, and we should just document the problem.  Thus I agree very
> much with (a), because I think the threat is small.  Plus, I think that
> ingress-filtering routers can be built to make the threat even smaller.
> Furthermore, there are rules that can be built into correspondent nodes
> to reduce the threat even more.

Charlie,

since I have no idea what rules could possibly be built into 
ingress-filtering routers and CNs that reduce the threat, could you please
enlighten me?

As far as I can tell, any scheme for verifying the relationship between
the source address (CoA) and the Home Address, whether done by an
ingress-filtering router or a CN, requires knowing the binding between
those two addresses.
Which ways to you see around this?

  Erik



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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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> => I can't see how we can do RR only and still maintain
> that our requirement is "Add no harm". Connection
> hijacking can be considered "new harm" and RR will
> not stop it. IMHO (and I'm not a security expert)
> the combination of CGAs and RR is an excellent idea
> and will give quite a strong security. 

Any node on the path between two communicating entities today can be
MiTM for TCP connections and UDP "flows". If IPsec/TLS/etc is not used those 
MiTM can modify the content of the communication; otherwise they can
just cause a DoS by dropping packets (or modifying them and having the
receipient drop then due to authentication failure).

Adding MIPv6 a BU protected by RR doesn't seem to make this any worse.
What am I missing?

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 24 09:41:09 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 22 Dec 2001 21:38:41 +0200.
             <3C24E141.5020103@nomadiclab.com> 
Date: Mon, 24 Dec 2001 15:38:32 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Well, to me this seems to depend on how the CoAs are
   assigned.  If the MN is allowed to use stateless autoconfiguration,
   it can generate a few thousand different CoAs for itself,
   and use each CoA separately to send different home addresses
   in the Home Address Option.

=> this behavior is so different than standard MN's one that
the ingress filtering should block it.

   Ingress filtering wouldn't notice this, each packet just would seem
   to originate from a different host.

=> I don't understand your argument.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 22 Dec 2001 22:00:13 +0200.
             <Pine.LNX.4.33.0112222107440.4936-100000@netcore.fi> 
Date: Mon, 24 Dec 2001 15:46:29 +0100
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   But as that is the only filtering you can _rely on_ (there might not be 
   smart ingress filtering at fwrtr1!), it MUST NOT be compromised.
   
=> this is why there is something to do (next answer(s)).

   >    With HAO this filtering, which you _can_ rely on, is nullified unless 
   >    firewalls keep state of the bindings (or somehow know enough of them).
   >    
   > => I agree: the protection of the home domain needs to know the home
   > registrations, by BU/BA spoofing and/or with HA collaboration.
   
   I disagree with your conclusion.  I didn't say "it's ok to drop this issue
   and require the firewall know the registrations".  I think I know my 
   opinion about the subject already :-).
   
   And even if we did this, it would not help.  The firewalls of sites where 
   CN's are (perhaps not wanting _anything_ to do with MIPv6) would have to 
   have these mappings as well, not just home domains.
   
=> you are talking about spoofing of local addresses. For a CN which
is not in the home or the visited domain, a HAO makes no difference.

   The reality might be that:
    1) those that don't care or understand the problems pass this through
    2) some (perhaps even most) home domains implement what you suggest
    3) the rest of home domains and probably about all CN sites (people who 
   care) drop all packets with HOA.
   
=> (3) is exactly what we don't want.

   > But I prefer to rely on smart ingress filtering because if you have
   > no ingress filtering you have no good reply to ordinary DDos, i.e.
   > this is a question of are you dead or more dead (:-)?
   
   Ingress filtering requires it is done at the source.  This is not always 
   done.

=> we can't enforce it but this is not our role too.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Erik Nordmark writes:
 > > => I can't see how we can do RR only and still maintain
 > > that our requirement is "Add no harm". Connection
 > > hijacking can be considered "new harm" and RR will
 > > not stop it. IMHO (and I'm not a security expert)
 > > the combination of CGAs and RR is an excellent idea
 > > and will give quite a strong security. 
 > 
 > Any node on the path between two communicating entities today can be
 > MiTM for TCP connections and UDP "flows". If IPsec/TLS/etc is not used those 
 > MiTM can modify the content of the communication; otherwise they can
 > just cause a DoS by dropping packets (or modifying them and having the
 > receipient drop then due to authentication failure).
 > 
 > Adding MIPv6 a BU protected by RR doesn't seem to make this any worse.
 > What am I missing?

   Right. It should be noted that the even the
   most widely deployed crypto/auth layer (TLS)
   is subject to trivial MITM wedging attacks
   (eg, insert a bogus-TLS good-TCP segment --
   barf, die). For better or worse, we depend
   on there not being many evil routers. Literally.

	    Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Dec 24 19:05:34 2001
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Date: Mon, 24 Dec 2001 16:05:32 -0800 (PST)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Reminder: Connectathon Early bird registration : 12/31/01
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Folks who are interested in testing MIPv6/MIPv4 interoperability tests,
please sign up for Connectathon by Dec31 st to get an early bird 
discount. Please check out http://www.connectathon.org or contact
Audrey Van Belleghem at audrey@vanb.com or (408) 358-9598

Please note that the web-site will be updated with new test specifications
on mobileip(V6/V4) in January. Please continue to send your suggestions
on testing drafts that are not already listed in SLC presentation slides.

We most probably will be adding FMIPV6 interoperability testing as two
vendors expressed in testing FMIPV6.

Thanks,
-Samita

samita.chakrabarti@Sun.com
Solaris Networking Technology
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
(650)-786 5068.



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Dec 26 13:26:54 2001
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] IPv6 ingress filtering early access
Date: Wed, 26 Dec 2001 19:25:16 +0100
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I have written a draft about IPv6 ingress filtering (with home address
option considerations). It is not finished (some editing is needed) but
I have put it for early access on (sorry for the long line):

ftp://ftp.ipv6.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr/pub/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-filtering-00.txt

I'll collect comment(s) in one week because me, the I-D editor and perhaps
my co-author are on holidays.

Happy new year!

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: IPv6 ingress filtering early access
Date: Wed, 26 Dec 2001 21:38:53 +0200
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> ftp://ftp.ipv6.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr/pub/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-filtering-00.txt

Nice draft, thanks for taking the time to write down the problems and
their alternative solutions. Hope you still had time for Christmas ;-)

I have a few comments.

First, it seems that the main alternatives we have is (a) restrict MIPv6
functionality by removing intermediate alternatives between bidirectional
tunneling and route optimisation, or (b) deploy AAA to help visited networks
figure out what are legal home addresses. 

It is interesting to note the different actors in these two alternatives. In the
first alternative, it is the CN who is taking the responsibility, and requiring
no help whatsoever from the firewalls in between. In the second alternative,
we put all the trust on the firewalls/routers of sites, and none of the CNs do
any worrying over this anymore. Both solutions work if applied allover, and
the second solution allows the current MIPv6 flexibility, being therefore the
preferred solution if seen feasible.

However, I'm concerned about the "applied allover" part. Specifically - while
I'm very much fond of the AAA solutions - I'm concerned whether we can expect
all parts of the Internet to have an infrastructure that really can figure out the
home addresses. What if there's a coin-operated (or Visa-) airport WLAN?
With no connection to a global roaming association of who owns what addresses.
What kind of filtering should that do? Prohibit everything else expect bidirectional
tunneling, or allow home addresses to be used? If latter, then the trusting
CNs don't have a clue that they could be used as reflectors...

Finally, I seem to remember there was a discussion a long time ago whether
we could somehow provide automatic, mandatory, ingress filtering in IPv6.
If such a feature were possible, it would really make setting up networks easier
and denial of service attacks easier to trace. Do you think this would be
feasible? If yes, perhaps it should also be discussed in the draft. Currently,
we are headed towards the same situation as in IPv4 where ingress filtering
is only partially applied, and we keep coming up with "patch" solutions such
as I-trace to help the situation. Interestingly, these solutions typically need
changes to a large fraction of the routers in the Internet which we already are
doing anyway to move to IPv6...

Jari





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Date: Thu, 27 Dec 2001 10:00:48 +0200
From: Bjorn Andersson <bjorn@lifix.fi>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Mobile IP Working Group <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last minute revisions to RFC2002bis --> RFC 3220
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Charles,

in rfc2002-bis-08 there is still a typo in section 6.4 where there are
overlapping ranges in the error codes. I sent a note about this
some months ago. The current text is as follows:

         0-8        Success Codes
         9-63       No allocation guidelines currently exist
         64-128     Error Codes from the Foreign Agent
         128-192    Error Codes from the Home Agent
         193-255    No allocation guidelines currently exist

but should be:

         0-8        Success Codes
         9-63       No allocation guidelines currently exist
         64-127     Error Codes from the Foreign Agent
         128-192    Error Codes from the Home Agent
         193-255    No allocation guidelines currently exist


Section 6.3 mentions that the One-byte padding can be used in
registration message. There is no reference to this, and the
draft only motivates the need for the One-byte padding in
advertisements. I think that the extension should be removed
from the list of registration extensions mentioned in 6.3.

Regards,
Bjorn
 
-- 
Bjorn Andersson <bjorn@lifix.fi>                       +358 50 341 2556
Lifix Systems Oy <http://www.lifix.fi/>                 PGP id 5AFC144B
Yliopistonkatu 5, 3rd floor; FIN-00100 Helsinki


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Dec 27 06:57:38 2001
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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6 (2) 
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On Mon, 24 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
>    >    With HAO this filtering, which you _can_ rely on, is nullified unless 
>    >    firewalls keep state of the bindings (or somehow know enough of them).
>    >    
>    > => I agree: the protection of the home domain needs to know the home
>    > registrations, by BU/BA spoofing and/or with HA collaboration.
>    
>    I disagree with your conclusion.  I didn't say "it's ok to drop this issue
>    and require the firewall know the registrations".  I think I know my 
>    opinion about the subject already :-).
>    
>    And even if we did this, it would not help.  The firewalls of sites where 
>    CN's are (perhaps not wanting _anything_ to do with MIPv6) would have to 
>    have these mappings as well, not just home domains.
>    
> => you are talking about spoofing of local addresses. For a CN which
> is not in the home or the visited domain, a HAO makes no difference.

Good point.  Nevertheless, picture a scenario where the site has only a 
couple of MIPv6 users: would it be okay to require AAA for their sake (for 
local firewall, and for interacting with remote AAA systems for ingress 
filtering)?

>    The reality might be that:
>     1) those that don't care or understand the problems pass this through
>     2) some (perhaps even most) home domains implement what you suggest
>     3) the rest of home domains and probably about all CN sites (people who 
>    care) drop all packets with HOA.
>    
> => (3) is exactly what we don't want.

Sure, but that's still what me might get..

Consider: whoever got the idea that ICMPv4 is harmful?  For some odd
reason it's being blocked in many firewalls (breaking all sorts of
things).  It appears these kind of blocks can be installed even for much
smaller concerns than spoofability, or no reasons at all...

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
cc: <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: IPv6 ingress filtering early access
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On Wed, 26 Dec 2001, Francis Dupont wrote:
> I have written a draft about IPv6 ingress filtering (with home address
> option considerations). It is not finished (some editing is needed) but
> I have put it for early access on (sorry for the long line):
> 
> ftp://ftp.ipv6.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr/pub/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-filtering-00.txt

Looks rather good .. even though we may not agree on the AAA issues, this 
seems to bring them up rather nicely :-).

About section 2 on Correspondent Nodes; could you elaborate in the 
document why exactly solution is too drastic?  Note that BCE check is not 
the only way to ensure legitimity of HAO: if it's secured by AH, it's ok;  
if some SUCV/.. weak authentication method is used, it's probably also ok; 
the same might even apply to return routability.  It's too early to crush 
CN solutions.

(I think the solution for HAO should most likely consist of two separate, 
"strong-enough" layers, one mandated at CN, one possible at firewalls, but 
that's not the topic of this draft).

Note: it seems every site, even if it had only a few MN's, will have to
have AAA infrastructure, so that it could interact, certify etc. home
address use for remote AAA systems when MN goes roaming and there's a need
to punch a hole in ingress filtering of remote sites.

(If this is the approach for security, it should be required in the main
MIPv6 draft).

Or have I missed something?  This seems unnecessary in many environments,
e.g. university campus area WLAN or company's internal network.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords






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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
In-reply-to: <Pine.LNX.4.33.0112271359370.21684-100000@netcore.fi> (message
	from Pekka Savola on Thu, 27 Dec 2001 14:38:10 +0200 (EET))
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: IPv6 ingress filtering early access
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I may have missed some discussion due to high volume on this topic,
but I like to inject one scenario of Home Address option use...

  If MN and CN have IPSEC session between them, then I
  suppose HAO within such session is safe. (I leave it open for now,
  whether the session should be between care of addresses or home
  addresses of MN and CN, but either should work?).

-- 
Markku Savela <Markku.Savela@iki.fi>


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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Hesham Soliman (ERA) writes:
 > >         a. new extension header 
 > >         b. Authentication Sub-Option only. 
 > >         c. Jari Arkko's draft, option 4 which shows how 
 > >            authentication suboption and AH can be used 
 > >            together with minimal changes. 
 > > 
 > >         if we decide to go with (a), lets not go with UDP. 
 > >         instead we should use a new extension header. 
 > >         I personally prefer option (c). Implementing the 
 > >         auth suboption is very easy. I can provide the code 
 > >         if people think it is complicated to implement. 
 > > 
 > I thought the group had already settled on b. Last time I checked there were even plans to upgrade various open-source implementations as well. 
 > 
 > => That was optimistic thinking I think ! we never
 > had a concensus call on this.

   Indeed. The next rev of the mip draft should have
   *all* of this pulled out until there is consensus.
   What is in there is *highly* misleading and was
   put in the draft without any consultation on the
   list, and came as a rather rude surprise to some
   of us who have been participating in this
   discussion.

		Mike


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Vijay Devarapalli writes:
 > > => I'm afraid I agree with Pekka here. The threat
 > > is definitely significant. We can't pretend it
 > 
 > Well. I disagree that the threat is significant. and we are
 > not pretending that it is not there. we document it and leave
 > it to the implementations. 

   To do _what_ precisely? As in: what exactly can
   this implementation do to protect itself from
   source spoofing?

	  Mike


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] list of things for MIPv6
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Vijay Devarapalli writes:
 > I wish everybody would. it would great if implementors are
 > given more importance in this WG. then we could have our way.

   You know, it would be great if the number of obviously
   inflammatory remarks were kept to a minimum. If it
   weren't for IESG interference here, we'd likely have
   a looming WEP-esque disaster caused primarily by
   impatient developers spurred on by impatient PHB's.

			Mike


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Uri Blumenthal writes:
 > Michael Thomas wrote:
 > > Vijay Devarapalli writes:
 > >  > option (b) is very simple and works really well.
 > >  > all it needs is IKE supplying the keys.
 > > 
 > >    This is *far* more complicated than you are
 > >    making it out to be. Anybody who claims that
 > >    changing IKE -- and IKE is *not* the only
 > >    consideration -- would do well to find out
 > >    what is going on in the IPsec working group.
 > 
 > It has been that IKE is "cast in stone". Luckily however,
 > IKE is in the process of being changed, as we speak.
 > 
 > IPSec working group is working on a successor of IKE, and 
 > now is the time to submit any specific requirements for IKEv2.

   IKE is not the only way to key IPsec SA's.

       Mike


