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Date: Sun, 30 Jun 2002 23:58:56 -0700
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] closing the sol/adv security issue
From: "T.J. Kniveton" <TJ@Kniveton.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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> From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>

> Also, we have discussed whether protecting ICMPv6 would cause
> additional problems. I don't think it will -- if a packet
> matches the SPD entry it will be protected to the home agent. If
> not it, it will be sent in the clear. Either way, the HA will
> get even ICMP errors and other messages. A separate SA should
> be used for MH and ICMPv6.
> 
> We have also discussed whether to use MH or ICMPv6 for the messages.
> My proposal is that we stick to the current approach, i.e. ICMPv6 to avoid
> too much document (and implementation) change.
> 
> So here's a proposal on how to move forward:
> 
> 1. Keep the current messages and functionality.
> 2. Require that all sol/adv messages be protected.
> 3. Document the fact that the mobile nodes can have
> some home address to begin with, and must in any case
> have SA(s).
> 
> Ok?

I agree with your conclusions. As long as you're confident that it won't be
a big burden to secure ICMPv6, then it seems reasonable to me to leave
things as-is and require protection (and hence an existing HoA).

-TJ



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  1 05:06:32 2002
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From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Hello folks,

A new revision for Mobile IPv6 has been submitted to the Internet
Drafts directorate, and is also available at the URL:
	http://people.nokia.net/charliep/txt/mobilev6/mobilev6.txt

Regards.
Charlie P.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  1 05:53:10 2002
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From: "Pascal Thubert" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] CoT
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2002 11:47:18 +0200
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I understand that the RR test is meant for the CN to ensure that the remote
mobile node is actually who he says, at least as far as the Home Agent knows. So
a CN sends a secret via Home, and hopefully the REAL guy gets it. Then the REAL
guy could talk to the CN, using that secret to authenticate himself. Now, what
about the CareOf Test? Seems that is it mostly used to check that the path to
the MN works. To me, it looks like the first beat of a heartbeat more than a
HELLO; we're just missing the next beats to detect when the path becomes
unusable, in which case the home route should be used. Anyway, what bothers me
is that the CareOf address is part of the secret that comes with that test. When
the MN moves, a new test is needed before the BU, correct?

In general, I do not necessarily see the value of that secret in the CoT for
MIP. If the guy at the CoA has the secret from the HoT, then it's him, ain't it?

This line of thinking would end up with a flow like:

1) HoT once
2) BU, based on HoT only, when CoA change
3) CoT as a heartbeat


What do you think?

Pascal




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  1 06:21:38 2002
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Date: Mon, 01 Jul 2002 13:22:08 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Pascal Thubert <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CoT
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Pascal Thubert wrote:

> I understand that the RR test is meant for the CN to ensure that the remote
> mobile node is actually who he says, at least as far as the Home Agent knows. So
> a CN sends a secret via Home, and hopefully the REAL guy gets it. Then the REAL
> guy could talk to the CN, using that secret to authenticate himself. Now, what
> about the CareOf Test? Seems that is it mostly used to check that the path to
> the MN works. To me, it looks like the first beat of a heartbeat more than a
> HELLO; we're just missing the next beats to detect when the path becomes
> unusable, in which case the home route should be used. Anyway, what bothers me
> is that the CareOf address is part of the secret that comes with that test. When


The intention of the care-of address test is to protect against
certain types of bombing attacks, as described in section 2.5
of draft-aura-mipv6-bu-attacks-01.txt.

> the MN moves, a new test is needed before the BU, correct?


Correct. That is as intended.


> In general, I do not necessarily see the value of that secret in the CoT for
> MIP. If the guy at the CoA has the secret from the HoT, then it's him, ain't it?


The care-of address is used as an input in creating the care-of cookie,
which in turn is used as an input to the correct value of the authenticator
field.

If the authenticator field did not depend on the care-of address and the
cookie sent to that address, the care-of test would not prove that the
MN is live at the care-of address.

Jari



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To: IETF-Announce: ;
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Reply-to: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: [mobile-ip] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mobileip-reg-revok-03.txt
Date: Mon, 01 Jul 2002 06:35:08 -0400
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Registration Revocation in Mobile IP
	Author(s)	: S. Glass, M. Chandra
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-reg-revok-03.txt
	Pages		: 37
	Date		: 28-Jun-02
	
During the original design of Mobile IP, the need for an
administrative domain to be able to actively revoke a current Mobile
IP registration was recognized.  Due to the lack of a specific
scenario requiring such a mechanism, it was decided that instead of an
active revocation mechanism explicitly for the purpose of registration
revocation, a passive mechanism, namely short registration lifetimes,
and the denial of a subsequent registrations from a mobile node, would
likely be sufficient for this purpose.
Investigations into requirements for a AAA protocol within the AAA
working group have forced reconsideration of a more pro-active Mobile
IP registration revocation feature whereby both domains providing
Mobile IP services can be made aware that the service is being suspended.

In the ideal model, revocations must be possible from either home
or foreign domains, so any registration revocation mechanism being
defined must provide a signaling mechanism between the two that
identify registration(s) being released, implying that since Mobile IP
services are no longer being provided on one side of the registration,
they need not be provided on the other.  In some cases the current
registration may be terminated to simply force the mobile node to
renegotiate its registration, but in other cases renegotiation may not
be allowed.  Either one of these reasons is sufficient to justify this
mechanism.

Moreover, there should also be a mechanism in place whereby the
mobile node whose registration has been terminated can also be
informed that such a revocation has occurred, if only so it may
understand it is not longer being provided Mobile IP services, though
the reasons for such a revocation need not necessarily be immediately
relayed.  This mechanism would ideally be independent of the
signaling mechanism between the agents identified above so as to
leave actual notification of the mobile node up to a separate policy 
of the domains in question

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-reg-revok-03.txt

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type "cd internet-drafts" and then
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or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt


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Send a message to:
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  1 07:41:43 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] closing the sol/adv security issue
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2002 13:40:53 +0200 
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Jari, 

This is fine with me. 

Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi]
  > Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 10:10 PM
  > To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
  > Subject: [mobile-ip] closing the sol/adv security issue
  > 
  > 
  > Folks,
  > 
  > We need to close this issue and move on.
  > 
  > Over the course of the discussion a number of observations and
  > comments have been made. There seems to be some amount of 
  > disagreement
  > about the level of security needed. We have also debated the
  > order of events, the specific protocol that should carry
  > the discovery messages, what information the MNs need to have
  > at startup anyway, and so on.
  > 
  > How to agree then? Given disagreement about the security level,
  > perhaps it would be easiest to accept the tougher requirements.
  > 
  > The question is, does this cause problems for us?
  > Fortunately, this does appear to be so. As has been discussed,
  > an SA and a potential home address is available in any case
  > for the MN, so perhaps these could be used.
  > 
  > Also, we have discussed whether protecting ICMPv6 would cause
  > additional problems. I don't think it will -- if a packet
  > matches the SPD entry it will be protected to the home agent. If
  > not it, it will be sent in the clear. Either way, the HA will
  > get even ICMP errors and other messages. A separate SA should
  > be used for MH and ICMPv6.
  > 
  > We have also discussed whether to use MH or ICMPv6 for the messages.
  > My proposal is that we stick to the current approach, i.e. 
  > ICMPv6 to avoid
  > too much document (and implementation) change.
  > 
  > So here's a proposal on how to move forward:
  > 
  > 1. Keep the current messages and functionality.
  > 2. Require that all sol/adv messages be protected.
  > 3. Document the fact that the mobile nodes can have
  >     some home address to begin with, and must in any case
  >     have SA(s).
  > 
  > Ok?
  > 
  > Jari
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  1 10:52:06 2002
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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@megisto.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] WG last call on Mobility Support in IPv6
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2002 10:46:36 -0400 
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This is the Mobile IP working group last call on Mobile IP v6:
draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt

The draft has been submitted but is not yet available in the I-D directory.
Until then the draft is obtainable from:
http://people.nokia.net/charliep/txt/mobilev6/mobilev6.txt.

All last call comments should be directed to the mailing list.

Last call will conclude on July 15.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  1 11:11:22 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 49 (rfc 3041 or new prefixes and manual SAs
	)
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2002 17:10:21 +0200 
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Jari, 


  > And more issues to close...
  > 
  > I've had a discussion about this issue with a couple of people.
  > The general feeling seems to be that making mobility work with
  > privacy in a seamless and secure way may not be achievable
  > right now. Or rather, it shouldn't be a requirement for the
  > first version of the MIPv6 RFC.
  > 
  > Let me highlight some of the issues involved in this:
  > 
  > * On manually keyed IPsec SAs we have the problem of binding
  >    the SAs to the IP addresses, leading to a need for manual
  >    intervention when addresses change.

=> Agreed.

  > 
  > * Security schemes that are not directly bound to addresses
  >    could also be used. But even these schemes have to deal
  >    with a few non-trivial questions, such as who has the
  >    authority to send a BU for a specific address to the HA?
  >    The very first authenticated MN to come up with that address?
  >    But then we'd have to store all addresses that have ever
  >    been used. Or perhaps we could allow the address to be
  >    used if no one else has a binding for it at the moment, or
  >    DAD succeeds? But what if I hijack everyone else's addresses
  >    after the HA reboots?

=> Well, I agree, with one clarification: I believe
that anyone can send a BU for any home address provided:

1. No binding exists for that address and
2. That address is not stored in a server to be 
used as a permanent identifier for another
MN. 
(1) is easy to check, but (2) is slightly harder. 

  > 
  > * On certificate-based IPsec, one can use addresses in the
  >    Subject AltName field to force the HA to allow only the
  >    given address for the owner of that certificate. This
  >    would minimize configuration at the HA, but would bind
  >    every MN to their given addresses.
  > 
  > * For renumbering, it is conceivable that the HA/CA
  >    could make new certificates for the same MN/public key
  >    but with the new address. But isn't clear how these
  >    are pushed to the MNs in the easiest manner.
  > 
  > * For RFC 3041, the problem is harder because the MN
  >    has the initiative. Perhaps the MN could request
  >    a new SA/cert using its old address/SA/cert.
  > 
  > Solving all of the above may not be possible in the immediate
  > future and definately not before Monday 9 AM.
  > 
  > So, I have the following proposal:
  > 
  > - We keep on allowing RFC 3041 home addresses and new prefixes.
  > - We point out that in order to use these, one must have e.g.
  >    manually configured SAs suitable for the new addresses.
  > - We point out that future specifications will deal with this
  >    problem in a more complete manner.
  > 
  > Does this work for everyone?

=> Works for me.

Hesham


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Date: Mon, 01 Jul 2002 10:15:25 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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Subject: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
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Hello folks,

I have submitted a new version of the fast handover
draft to the ID registrar. However, I missed the 6 am (PST)
deadline..You may access it from the following URL

http://people.nokia.net/~rajeev/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mip6-05.txt

Comments welcome!

Regards,

-Rajeev





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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
In-Reply-To: <3D208E2D.C3659ED8@iprg.nokia.com> from Rajeev Koodli at "Jul 1,
 2002 10:15:25 am"
To: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
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Rajeev;

> I have submitted a new version of the fast handover
> draft to the ID registrar. However, I missed the 6 am (PST)
> deadline..You may access it from the following URL
> 
> http://people.nokia.net/~rajeev/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mip6-05.txt
> 
> Comments welcome!

A statement in abstract

	 comparison to the inevitable link switching latency.

is incorrect, because, with two transceivers, it is not inevitable.

						Masataka Ohta


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From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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Masataka Ohta wrote:

> Rajeev;
>
> > I have submitted a new version of the fast handover
> > draft to the ID registrar. However, I missed the 6 am (PST)
> > deadline..You may access it from the following URL
> >
> > http://people.nokia.net/~rajeev/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mip6-05.txt
> >
> > Comments welcome!
>
> A statement in abstract
>
>          comparison to the inevitable link switching latency.
>
> is incorrect, because, with two transceivers, it is not inevitable.
>

Could you elaborate more ? There could be scenarios
when the link switching delay could be reduced to a "very small
amount". The intention however is to provide a protocol that
works well under such scenarios as well.

Regards,

-Rajeev


>
>                                                 Masataka Ohta



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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
In-Reply-To: <3D20E7B3.E500DC0E@iprg.nokia.com> from Rajeev Koodli at "Jul 1,
 2002 04:37:23 pm"
To: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@IPRG.nokia.com>
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Rajeev;

> > > I have submitted a new version of the fast handover
> > > draft to the ID registrar. However, I missed the 6 am (PST)
> > > deadline..You may access it from the following URL
> > >
> > > http://people.nokia.net/~rajeev/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mip6-05.txt
> > >
> > > Comments welcome!
> >
> > A statement in abstract
> >
> >          comparison to the inevitable link switching latency.
> >
> > is incorrect, because, with two transceivers, it is not inevitable.

> Could you elaborate more ? There could be scenarios
> when the link switching delay could be reduced to a "very small
> amount".

Sure.

> The intention however is to provide a protocol that
> works well under such scenarios as well.

Then,

   The intent of this
   document is to describe protocol enhancements to reduce handover
   latency due to IP protocol operations as small as possible in
   comparison to the inevitable link switching latency.

should be:

   The intent of this
   document is to describe protocol enhancements to reduce handover
   latency due to IP protocol operations as small as possible when
   link switching latency is smaller than what is acceptable to
   support real-time or delay sensitive traffic or is small enough
   for non real-time, throughput-sensitive applications.

							Masataka Ohta





> 
> Regards,
> 
> -Rajeev
> 
> 
> >
> >                                                 Masataka Ohta
> 
> 



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From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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Masataka Ohta wrote:

> Then,
>
>    The intent of this
>    document is to describe protocol enhancements to reduce handover
>    latency due to IP protocol operations as small as possible in
>    comparison to the inevitable link switching latency.
>
> should be:
>
>    The intent of this
>    document is to describe protocol enhancements to reduce handover
>    latency due to IP protocol operations as small as possible when
>    link switching latency is smaller than what is acceptable to
>    support real-time or delay sensitive traffic or is small enough
>    for non real-time, throughput-sensitive applications.
>

Ok, so there is link-switching latency..
Your comment above seems to belong to an applicability statement
section. In an abstract, wouldn't it suffice to say that the latency due to
IP protocol operations should be as small as possible in comparison
with the link-switching latency, whatever the latter might be ?

Regards,

-Rajeev



>
>                                                         Masataka Ohta
>
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > -Rajeev
> >
> >
> > >
> > >                                                 Masataka Ohta
> >
> >



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>

> Hello folks,

I will be away for the rest of the week. I will
catch up with the discussion upon returning.

Regards,

-Rajeev





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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
In-Reply-To: <3D20FC34.E3254F55@iprg.nokia.com> from Rajeev Koodli at "Jul 1,
 2002 06:04:52 pm"
To: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@IPRG.nokia.com>
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2002 10:17:03 +0859 ()
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Rajeev;

> Ok, so there is link-switching latency..
> Your comment above seems to belong to an applicability statement
> section.

That's fine to put it in the section.

> In an abstract, wouldn't it suffice to say that the latency due to
> IP protocol operations should be as small as possible in comparison
> with the link-switching latency, whatever the latter might be ?

The problem of the current abstract is that it is saying

   comparison to the inevitable link switching latency.

even though link switching latency is not inevitable.

   comparison to the link switching latency.

would be OK.

							Masataka Ohta


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To: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>,
        Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@IPRG.nokia.com>
From: "Dana L. Blair" <dblair@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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One option might be to clarify that the draft is addressing break-before-make
handover.  If you have two transceivers, then make-before-break handover
is possible with simple home agent registration.

thanks,
Dana


At 10:17 AM 7/2/2002 +0859, Masataka Ohta wrote:
>Rajeev;
>
>> Ok, so there is link-switching latency..
>> Your comment above seems to belong to an applicability statement
>> section.
>
>That's fine to put it in the section.
>
>> In an abstract, wouldn't it suffice to say that the latency due to
>> IP protocol operations should be as small as possible in comparison
>> with the link-switching latency, whatever the latter might be ?
>
>The problem of the current abstract is that it is saying
>
>   comparison to the inevitable link switching latency.
>
>even though link switching latency is not inevitable.
>
>   comparison to the link switching latency.
>
>would be OK.
>
>                                                        Masataka Ohta 



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20020701213547.02021ce0@mira-sjcm-2.cisco.com> from "Dana
 L. Blair" at "Jul 1, 2002 09:37:04 pm"
To: "Dana L. Blair" <dblair@cisco.com>
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Dana;

> One option might be to clarify that the draft is addressing break-before-make
> handover.  If you have two transceivers, then make-before-break handover
> is possible with simple home agent registration.

That's not enough to clarify that the protocol is not applicable very
well if link latency is large.

						Masataka Ohta


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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] closing issue 48, identifying link changes and prev-coa
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Jari,

I've got no problem with this (and, in any case, it is too late now).

        jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; <Srinivasan.Damodaran@lntinfotech.com>; "Samita Chakrabarti"
<Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 2:59 PM
Subject: [mobile-ip] closing issue 48, identifying link changes and prev-coa


> Yet another issue to close.
>
> If you remember the discussion, this was about the default router that turned to a non-default
> router. This causes the mobile node to go for another default router on the same link, per
> rules of the movement detection section. Since the old router is no longer in the default
> router list, the MN thinks it has changed link, and may send a BU to the "previous HA".
> This will however fail since the old HA will try to do DAD, which the MN itself will respond
> to. Even if prefixes between the routers differ, the link local address will be the same, so
> the MN will answer a DAD query if the 'L' bit was on.
>
> We also discussed whether it makes sense to keep the previous coa functionality in the
> draft at all, and the application of SEND techniques in this space. We also noted that
> we don't enough experience to say exactly how security policies can be configured for the
> prev coa forwarding to work, and we are not sure it is practical to configure per MN SAs
> on the routers on the places you might be moving in.
>
> I have a primary proposal on how to go forward. This is based on the observation that
> the original situation isn't very typical, so we shouldn't try to optimize it. It is
> sufficient to ensure that nothing horrible happens. So, we don't care even if the forwarding
> from previous coa would fail in this situation, or if some unnessary tunneling would take
> place. As long as the current coa works well and nothing breaks in the old coa, we are happy.
> Forwarding from previous coa should of course work in the usual case when you actually move to
> another link.
>
> The proposal is that we allow MNs to request forwarding from previous CoA.
> We do not require them to be aware that they might possibly be on the same
> link due to one of the routers no longer being a default router. What happens
> then is that forwarding-from-previous-coa is requested. We require the 'D'
> and 'L' bits to be set in such BUs. This leads the HA to run DAD, which should
> fail as the link local address is still in use on the same physical link.
> Then, no forwarding will be done. (But this is fine, as the packets will
> normally come to the link anyway.)
>
> Does this work for everyone? (A possible backup proposal:
> drop this functionality and deal with it in another spec.)
>
> Jari
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  2 05:42:21 2002
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Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2002 11:40:00 +0200 (CEST)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Issue 20 (extensibility) can be closed
To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
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> I'm curious about whether ABK would fit into this scheme.
> 
> Basically, we see ABK as not needing either HoTI or CoTI. The MN exchanges
> protocol with the CN instructing the CN to load the id-crypto parameters
> from the HA. After the parameters are loaded, the MN can send signed BUs to
> the CN without having to use any other security signaling.

A brief glance at the Okazaki ABK draft makes me think there are DoS
and perhaps reflection opportunities. The ABKP1 causes a P2 to be sent to
the HA, and presumably creates some state on the CN in order to do the
P2/P3 transaction against the HA.

If you want to avoid these threats I think you end up with at least a
CoTI/CoT exchange.

  Erik



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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Low latency Handoffs in Mobile IPv4
	Author(s)	: K. Malki et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-lowlatency-handoffs-v4-04.txt
	Pages		: 53
	Date		: 01-Jul-02
	
Mobile IPv4 describes how a Mobile Node can perform IP-layer handoffs
between subnets served by different Foreign Agents. In certain cases,
the latency involved in these handoffs can be above the threshold
required for the support of delay-sensitive or real-time services.
The aim of this document is to present two methods to achieve low-
latency Mobile IP handoffs. In addition, a combination of these two
methods is described. The described techniques allow greater support
for real-time services on a Mobile IPv4 network by minimising the
period of time when a Mobile Node is unable to send or receive IP
packets due to the delay in the Mobile IP Registration process.

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Mobile IP API
	Author(s)	: A. Yokote et al.
	Filename	: draft-yokote-mobileip-api-01.txt
	Pages		: 14
	Date		: 01-Jul-02
	
The Mobile IP API is an interface between the mobility management 
module and the application layer.  Using Mobile IP API, applications 
can extract the mobility information that is already maintained by 
the mobility management module.  API provides awareness of mobility 
for applications. 
This document describes application scenarios followed by 
requirements and definition of Mobile IP API.  Application scenarios 
are example applications that can take advantage of awareness of the 
mobility information.

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Simultaneous Bindings for Mobile IPv6 Fast Handoffs
	Author(s)	: K. Malki, H. Soliman
	Filename	: draft-elmalki-mobileip-bicasting-v6-02.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 01-Jul-02
	
Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 [1] and Bidirectional Edge Tunnel
Handover [2] describe protocols to minimise the amount of service
disruption when performing layer-3 handoffs. This draft extends the
Fast Handover protocol with a simultaneous bindings function and the
BETH capabilities with a bicasting function to minimise packet loss
at the MN. Traffic for the MN is therefore bicast or n-cast for a
short period to its current location and to one or more locations
where the MN is expected to move to shortly. This removes the timing
ambiguity regarding when to start sending traffic for the MN to its
new point of attachment followng a Fast Handover and allows the
decoupling of layer-2 and layer-3 handoffs. It also saves the MN
periods of service disruption in the case of ping-pong movement.

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  2 07:24:55 2002
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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] closing issue 10 (esp vs ah)
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> I'm not sure that understand/buy this
> prerequisite. I should be able to have multiple
> addresses covered by a single SA/SPI, right? This
> is irrespective of binding updates, and is just a
> general feature of IPsec. What we clearly want to
> prevent is a mobile node hijacking another node's
> legitimate use of an IP address on that subnet.
> But we clearly want mobile nodes to be able to use
> stateless autoconf and/or rfc 3041 addresses, most
> likely at the same time, and we want to allow the
> MN to use mobility for those addresses if it so
> desires. Thus, it seems to me that you have a way
> to protect multiple addresses under a single SPI
> for which it should be possible to change their
> attachment point (ie, send a BU).

Mike,

There seems to be a fundamental conflict between the two requirements 
 - another MN should not be able to "steal" traffic for somebody elses
   HoA (on the same HA)
 - an MN should be able to use RFC 3041 to pick random numbers as temporary
   home addresses
Combining those two, how can the HA determine which MN "owns" which RFC 3041
address?

For stateless addrconf, even with site or subnet renumbering, the situation
is a little simpler because the HA can at least predict the HoAs based on
the prefix and the interface ID that the MN is using.

But in essence this is a variant of the threats in 
draft-kempf-ipng-netaccess-threats-03.txt applied to the home link
and with the BU being a layer of indirection between the (mutually untrusting)
MNs and the neighbor discovery messages on the home link.

I think was is needed for RFC 3041 home addresses to work seemlessly is
 - a mechanism by which MNs can claim and release RFC 3041 addresses 
   using an manual SA (or certificate) tied to a non-temporary home address.
 - a mechanism and policy on the HA which prevents one MN from stealing an
   already used temporary address. A reasonable policy might be 
   first-come-first-served with the HA retaining state about the "reserved"
   temporary addresses.
 - a policy on the HA that prevents a misbehaving MNs from taking all 2^63 
   temporary addresses. For instance, with current RFC 3041 it would be 
   sufficient to allow each MN to use 7 concurrent temporary addresses (per
   home subnet prefix)

The first item could be overloaded on the BU but I think this requires
extreme care. For instance, a temporary address might be allocated by an
MN for 7 days per RFC 3041, and I don't think this allocation should expire
because the home registration for either the temporary address or the
non-temporary address expires.
So at least conceptually there is a need for "temporary home address 
reservation" protocol to make this seamless.

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  2 11:18:19 2002
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Subject: [mobile-ip] WG last call on Registration Revocation in Mobile IP (draft-ietf-mobileip-reg-revok-03.txt)
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2002 10:16:41 -0500
Message-ID: <697DAA22C5004B4596E033803A7CEF44A1308F@daebe007.NOE.Nokia.com>
Thread-Topic: WG last call on Registration Revocation in Mobile IP (draft-ietf-mobileip-reg-revok-03.txt)
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Hello,

This is a WG last call for: Registration Revocation in Mobile IP
draft-ietf-mobileip-reg-revok-03.txt
This draft is a standards track WG document.

Please send in your comments by July 23rd, 2002 to the WG discussion
list. 





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  2 11:24:34 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] HMIPv6 resubmission - different IPR statement
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2002 17:24:05 +0200 
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Folks, 

HMIPv6 ver 05 has expired and I've resubmitted
it yesterday. Until it gets announced you 
can find it here:
http://standards.ericsson.net/Hesham/draft-ietf-mobileip-hmipv6-06.txt

This draft is identical to ver 05, we resubmitted it 
for two reasons, to keep it on the web (we've got
some private emails from people interested in the 
draft but couldn't find it), and because we will
have a new IPR statement. The IPR people in my company
wanted to reference an existing draft inside the statement
(and all future revisions). 

The new IPR statement will clearly state that licencing
is royalty-free for open source implementations. 
I'll send a link when the statement is on the IETF page. 

As far as the technical content is concerned (the interesting 
part!) we were planning on updating the draft according 
to the latest MIPv6 draft. However, since rev 18 came out very
recently, we couldn't be sure about meeting the deadline, 
but the next update of HMIPv6 will match the latest
MIPv6 spec. The following needs to be done:

- Update BU message format to match the latest BU format
- Make sure there are no conflicts with the new MH
- Security considerations (a significant section has to
  be added here regarding the MN - MAP SA). We should really
  discuss this one on the list first. I'll try to write up 
  a brief analysis to kick start the discussion. 
- Changes to Extended mode to be able to work with RR.  
- Remove the discussion on mobile networks.
- Any other comments on the ML

Cheers,
Hesham


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  2 11:56:00 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
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> One option might be to clarify that the draft is addressing break-before-make
> handover.  If you have two transceivers, then make-before-break handover
> is possible with simple home agent registration.
>

I think the draft may even apply in the make before break case, if some percentage of the handovers are disrupted because the
channel to the old router needs to be deallocated permaturely. I think changing the wording on the abstract to remove "inevitable"
should do. It might also be appropriate to have a paragraph in the introduction to discuss this.

            jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  2 14:14:09 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Erik Nordmark" <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Cc: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1025602800.6094.nordmark@bebop.france>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Issue 20 (extensibility) can be closed
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2002 11:11:40 -0700
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> A brief glance at the Okazaki ABK draft makes me think there are DoS
> and perhaps reflection opportunities. The ABKP1 causes a P2 to be sent to
> the HA, and presumably creates some state on the CN in order to do the
> P2/P3 transaction against the HA.
>

The ABKP1-ABKp4 message exchange is intended to be stateless on the CN. That
is why the CoA is included in messages ABKp2 and ABKp3.

> If you want to avoid these threats I think you end up with at least a
> CoTI/CoT exchange.
>

In the next version, we have some ideas about eliminating the dependence on the CoA entirely by running the parameter loading
transaction through the home agent. If we can get it worked out properly, this should remove the threat of an attacker using a
random CoA.

            jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  2 15:53:34 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] BAR BOF for alternate BU security algorithms?
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2002 12:40:54 -0700
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Is there any interest in a BAR BOF for talking about alternate BU security algorithms (CGA, ABK, IPsec) in Yoko? The intent would
not be to propose anything for the MIPv6 spec but to maybe gauge interest in moving forward with standardizing algorithms that have
might have some nicer properties than RR but maybe require more infastructure.

            jak



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From: zb <zbin@samsung.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] a question on L2 trigger
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hi all,

I have read several draft on L2 trigger in the group. I have a question on
the source node and destination node of the L2 trigger. The definition does
not say it explicitly. Do they locate in the same node or in different node?
If in different node, how is it implemented?

thanks in advanced.

bin
*************************************
Zhen Bin

i-Networking lab,
Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology,
San14-1, NongSeo-ri, Kiheung-Eup,
Yongin, Kyungki-do, 440600, Korea

82-31-2809569 (fax)
82-31-2809534 (o)
82-31-2122268 (h)
*************************************



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Route Optimization Support for Localized Mobility 
                          Management Based on IPv6
	Author(s)	: Y. Han et al.
	Filename	: draft-han-mobileip-rolmmv6-00.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 02-Jul-02
	
Using localized mobility management based on IPv6, all packets
destined to a mobile node are routed through the local mobility
agent in the mobile node's local mobility domain, which then
tunnels the packets to the mobile node's current location. Such
packet routing mechanism is similar to the triangle routing in
Mobile IPv4, which may leave the local mobility agent overloaded
and take a longer route thus increasing the network traffic in the
local mobility domain. This document specifies a route optimization
scheme for localized mobility management based on IPv6 with the
help of L2 trigger. Using this, correspondent nodes can cache LCoA
of a mobile node if it is actively communicating with the mobile
node, and then send their packets for the mobile node directly to
the LCoA, bypassing the local mobility agent. This route
optimization scheme will result in more efficient localized
mobility management. It alleviates the local mobility agent's loads
and takes the nearly same handoff delay time as the one in
localized mobility management based on IPv6.

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Supporting Optimized Handover for IP Mobility 
                          -Requirements for Underlying Systems
	Author(s)	: A. Yegin et al.
	Filename	: draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-02.txt
	Pages		: 
	Date		: 02-Jul-02
	
A critical factor in achieving good performance for IP mobility 
protocols is the design of L2 handover. Handover occurs when a 
Mobile Node moves from one radio Access Point to another. If the new 
radio Access Point is associated with a new subnet, a change in 
routing reachability may occur and require L3 protocol action on the 
part of the Mobile Node or Access Routers. If no change in subnet 
occurs, the Access Point may still need to take some action to 
inform the Access Router about a change in on-link reachability. In 
either case, prompt and timely information from L2 to the parties 
involved about the sequencing of handover can help optimize handover 
at the IP level. This draft discusses requirements for an L2 
handover protocol or API to support optimized handover.

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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] New Fast Handover Draft
In-Reply-To: <005701c221e0$676ca700$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> from James Kempf at "Jul
 2, 2002 08:52:01 am"
To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2002 22:33:47 +0859 ()
CC: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@IPRG.nokia.com>, "Dana L. Blair" <dblair@cisco.com>,
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James;

> > One option might be to clarify that the draft is addressing break-before-make
> > handover.  If you have two transceivers, then make-before-break handover
> > is possible with simple home agent registration.
> >
> 
> I think the draft may even apply in the make before break case, if some percentage of the handovers are disrupted because the
> channel to the old router needs to be deallocated permaturely.

Just for clarification, are you saying

	L2make-before-L2break-before-L3handover

?

						Masataka Ohta


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I think there is some ambiguity in chapter
8. It should be clearly stated that this chapter
does not place requirements on All IPv6 nodes. 
The heading of chapter 8.2 says:

'Route Optimization Requirements for All IPv6 Nodes'

I think that people can get confused by this. 
Somewhere in the beginning of chapter 8 it should 
be made clearer that nodes implementing RO are 
a subset of all IPv6 nodes on the Internet. 
Also I think the heading should change to:

'Requirements for IPv6 Nodes that support route optimisation'


Also, I still wonder about the point behind
the MUST in 8.1 for the HAO. We all agreed that
it MUST be supported

Hesham


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul  3 14:07:42 2002
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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] closing issue 10 (esp vs ah)
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I'm somewhat behind here, but Erik's note seems
to capture most of the questions raised...

Erik Nordmark writes:

 > There seems to be a fundamental conflict between the two requirements 
 >  - another MN should not be able to "steal" traffic for somebody elses
 >    HoA (on the same HA)
 >  - an MN should be able to use RFC 3041 to pick random numbers as temporary
 >    home addresses
 > Combining those two, how can the HA determine which MN "owns" which RFC 3041
 > address?

How is it that one does that without any crypto to
complicate the picture? This seems to me to be the
essence of DAD: you can use an address so long as
nobody else is currently using it. Is this
adequate? Well, you tell me. There's an obvious
hijacking attack inherent with DAD, but by
ignoring it you sidestep the sticky questions
about "ownership". Crypto here doesn't really
change that question: just because you could
conceivably use strong auth to close that hole
doesn't mean you are *obligated* to close that
hole. Indeed, there's significant downside to
conflating addresses with identity, so it may well
be better to let sleeping dogs lay.

 > I think was is needed for RFC 3041 home addresses to work seemlessly is
 >  - a mechanism by which MNs can claim and release RFC 3041 addresses 
 >    using an manual SA (or certificate) tied to a non-temporary home address.
 >  - a mechanism and policy on the HA which prevents one MN from stealing an
 >    already used temporary address. A reasonable policy might be 
 >    first-come-first-served with the HA retaining state about the "reserved"
 >    temporary addresses.
 >  - a policy on the HA that prevents a misbehaving MNs from taking all 2^63 
 >    temporary addresses. For instance, with current RFC 3041 it would be 
 >    sufficient to allow each MN to use 7 concurrent temporary addresses (per
 >    home subnet prefix)

I think what needs to be asked first is whether a
strict binding of identity to ip address (cf
"ownership") is even a good idea. I don't think
that is at all clear. In fact it may well be
harmful.

		Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul  3 14:15:47 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] a question on L2 trigger
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2002 11:05:57 -0700
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Hello,

> I have read several draft on L2 trigger in the group. I have a question on
> the source node and destination node of the L2 trigger. The definition
does
> not say it explicitly. Do they locate in the same node or in different
node?
> If in different node, how is it implemented?

L2 triggers are generated by the link-layer on a node.
And they are consumed by the network-layer of a node.
These two can be the same node, for example, in the
case of a WLAN client receiving a link-up. Therefore
an internal communication mechanism between the
link-layer and IP would be sufficient.

On the other hand, in the case of WLAN access point
receiving a link-up, the consumer of this trigger is located
on a separate node, like a router behind the AP. In this
case there needs to be a protocol to carry the L2 trigger
from the AP to the AR. Please see following draft which
attempts to define such a protocol:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yegin-l2-triggers-00.txt

alper


>
> thanks in advanced.
>
> bin
> *************************************
> Zhen Bin
>
> i-Networking lab,
> Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology,
> San14-1, NongSeo-ri, Kiheung-Eup,
> Yongin, Kyungki-do, 440600, Korea
>
> 82-31-2809569 (fax)
> 82-31-2809534 (o)
> 82-31-2122268 (h)
> *************************************
>
>
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul  3 14:29:51 2002
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Date: Wed, 03 Jul 2002 11:27:27 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Hesham Soliman (EAB) wrote:

> Sorry, unfinished sentence at the end. I
> just discovered that I sent it by accident.
> 
> The last paragraph should read:
> Also, I still wonder about the point behind
> the MUST in 8.1 for the HAO. We all agreed that
> it MUST be supported when a BCE entry, what is 


actually no. we agreed that HAO MUST be processed if the home
address can be verified. verifiability of the home address can be 
achieved by mechanisms other than the a valid BCE entry. for example, 
lets asumme the MN and CN have an IPsec protected data session with
the SA created on MN's home address. in this case the verifiability 
comes from the IPsec SA. another case is, when the CN and MN belong
to the same 'trusted' domain. in this case the HAO can be processed. 
there are other mechanisms like Rajeev's and Charlie's HAO tagging
proposal to verify the HoA.

IMO, HoA verifiability is something I believe we can solve. it
would be wrong to restrict ourselves now by saying HAO MUST NOT be
processed if a vaild BCE does not exist.

> the point of having it supported just in case
> IPsec exists? 
> Is it to use triangular routing? There is nothing


yes. you can have triangular routing if the home address can be
verified.

regards
Vijay



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] a question on L2 trigger
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I suggested to ZB to take this discussion to pilc (pilc@ietf.org) 
mailing list where L2 Triggers
related discussions have already been taking place. You can get to know 
what is going on by consulting the mailing list of pilc.

Regards,


zb wrote:

>hi all,
>
>I have read several draft on L2 trigger in the group. I have a question on
>the source node and destination node of the L2 trigger. The definition does
>not say it explicitly. Do they locate in the same node or in different node?
>If in different node, how is it implemented?
>
>thanks in advanced.
>
>bin
>*************************************
>Zhen Bin
>
>i-Networking lab,
>Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology,
>San14-1, NongSeo-ri, Kiheung-Eup,
>Yongin, Kyungki-do, 440600, Korea
>
>82-31-2809569 (fax)
>82-31-2809534 (o)
>82-31-2122268 (h)
>*************************************
>

-- 
Behcet 





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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2002 19:15:23 +0200 
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Sorry, unfinished sentence at the end. I
just discovered that I sent it by accident.

The last paragraph should read:
Also, I still wonder about the point behind
the MUST in 8.1 for the HAO. We all agreed that
it MUST be supported when a BCE entry, what is 
the point of having it supported just in case
IPsec exists? 
Is it to use triangular routing? There is nothing
in the draft about that. i don't see the benefit, 
but I see confusion for someone reading the spec
and trying to understand what's going on. 

Hesham

PS: The rest of the comments (before this paragrph) 
still apply.

  > I think there is some ambiguity in chapter
  > 8. It should be clearly stated that this chapter
  > does not place requirements on All IPv6 nodes. 
  > The heading of chapter 8.2 says:
  > 
  > 'Route Optimization Requirements for All IPv6 Nodes'
  > 
  > I think that people can get confused by this. 
  > Somewhere in the beginning of chapter 8 it should 
  > be made clearer that nodes implementing RO are 
  > a subset of all IPv6 nodes on the Internet. 
  > Also I think the heading should change to:
  > 
  > 'Requirements for IPv6 Nodes that support route optimisation'
  > 
  > 
  > Also, I still wonder about the point behind
  > the MUST in 8.1 for the HAO. We all agreed that
  > it MUST be supported
  > 
  > Hesham
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul  3 15:47:10 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "zb" <zbin@samsung.com>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <3D208E2D.C3659ED8@iprg.nokia.com> <00c301c2226f$ffc351e0$dc2f024b@zbin>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] a question on L2 trigger
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2002 10:38:13 -0700
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The idea behind an L2 trigger is that the trigger is delivered to the IP stack on a particular node. The trigger can be implemented
as an API, protocol, or in some other way. The question of what the source node is is therefore a question of the implementation. If
the trigger occurs within a single node, like a router, then there is no source in the protocol sense, though there may be in the
API sense (like it comes from the wireless link driver). If the trigger is an extension of the Layer 2 protocol, then there will be
a source and destination node.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "zb" <zbin@samsung.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, July 03, 2002 1:59 AM
Subject: [mobile-ip] a question on L2 trigger


> hi all,
>
> I have read several draft on L2 trigger in the group. I have a question on
> the source node and destination node of the L2 trigger. The definition does
> not say it explicitly. Do they locate in the same node or in different node?
> If in different node, how is it implemented?
>
> thanks in advanced.
>
> bin
> *************************************
> Zhen Bin
>
> i-Networking lab,
> Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology,
> San14-1, NongSeo-ri, Kiheung-Eup,
> Yongin, Kyungki-do, 440600, Korea
>
> 82-31-2809569 (fax)
> 82-31-2809534 (o)
> 82-31-2122268 (h)
> *************************************
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul  4 02:52:48 2002
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
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Hesham Soliman (EAB) wrote:

> I think there is some ambiguity in chapter
> 8. It should be clearly stated that this chapter
> does not place requirements on All IPv6 nodes. 
> The heading of chapter 8.2 says:
> 
> 'Route Optimization Requirements for All IPv6 Nodes'
> 
> I think that people can get confused by this. 
> Somewhere in the beginning of chapter 8 it should 
> be made clearer that nodes implementing RO are 
> a subset of all IPv6 nodes on the Internet. 
> Also I think the heading should change to:
> 
> 'Requirements for IPv6 Nodes that support route optimisation'


Yes. Thanks for noting this. The intention was indeed
to specify the MUSTs for nodes that support RO, and then
leave the decision of which nodes support RO to the node
requirements document that is being worked on in the IPv6
WG.

=> new issue #52


> Also, I still wonder about the point behind
> the MUST in 8.1 for the HAO. We all agreed that
> it MUST be supported


There's two things here. One is whether the current
spec adequately explains how all this works even if RO
is not used. Does it? Secondly, how useful is the
functionality?

=> new issue #53 (hmm... it has been discussed before...)

Jari



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul  4 03:06:45 2002
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Date: Thu, 04 Jul 2002 16:07:56 +0900
From: zb <zbin@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] a question on L2 trigger
To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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From your answer, the source node and destination node of "L2 Trigger" can
be either in a same device or in seperated device. The "L2 Trigger" only
define its mechanism and ability. How to implement it is another issue.

thanks,

bin
----- Original Message -----
From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "zb" <zbin@samsung.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Thursday, July 04, 2002 3:05 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] a question on L2 trigger


> Hello,
>
> > I have read several draft on L2 trigger in the group. I have a question
on
> > the source node and destination node of the L2 trigger. The definition
> does
> > not say it explicitly. Do they locate in the same node or in different
> node?
> > If in different node, how is it implemented?
>
> L2 triggers are generated by the link-layer on a node.
> And they are consumed by the network-layer of a node.
> These two can be the same node, for example, in the
> case of a WLAN client receiving a link-up. Therefore
> an internal communication mechanism between the
> link-layer and IP would be sufficient.
>
> On the other hand, in the case of WLAN access point
> receiving a link-up, the consumer of this trigger is located
> on a separate node, like a router behind the AP. In this
> case there needs to be a protocol to carry the L2 trigger
> from the AP to the AR. Please see following draft which
> attempts to define such a protocol:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yegin-l2-triggers-00.txt
>
> alper
>
>
> >
> > thanks in advanced.
> >
> > bin
> > *************************************
> > Zhen Bin
> >
> > i-Networking lab,
> > Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology,
> > San14-1, NongSeo-ri, Kiheung-Eup,
> > Yongin, Kyungki-do, 440600, Korea
> >
> > 82-31-2809569 (fax)
> > 82-31-2809534 (o)
> > 82-31-2122268 (h)
> > *************************************
> >
> >
> **********************Confidentiality Note**********************
> Privileged/Confidential Information may be contained in this e-mail and
any
> attachment to it and may be covered by existing non-disclosure or
> confidentiality agreements.
> If you are not the addressee (or authorized to receive for the addressee),
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> sender immediately by reply e-mail and delete it from your system.
> Thank you very much.
> *************************************************************
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul  4 10:27:28 2002
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Date: Thu, 4 Jul 2002 16:24:30 +0200 (CEST)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] closing issue 10 (esp vs ah)
To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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> How is it that one does that without any crypto to
> complicate the picture? This seems to me to be the
> essence of DAD: you can use an address so long as
> nobody else is currently using it. Is this
> adequate? Well, you tell me. There's an obvious
> hijacking attack inherent with DAD, but by
> ignoring it you sidestep the sticky questions
> about "ownership". Crypto here doesn't really
> change that question: just because you could
> conceivably use strong auth to close that hole
> doesn't mean you are *obligated* to close that
> hole. Indeed, there's significant downside to
> conflating addresses with identity, so it may well
> be better to let sleeping dogs lay.

See below.
 

> I think what needs to be asked first is whether a
> strict binding of identity to ip address (cf
> "ownership") is even a good idea. I don't think
> that is at all clear. In fact it may well be
> harmful.

Perhaps the term "ownership" carries very wrong connotations in this context.
The issue isn't identity, but the stability of the address.
[As an aside, I didn't think "owership" in the real aka non-IETF world implied
a tie to an identity. I own the 20 Euro bill in my wallet but there is
no relationship between it and my identity.]

Being able to use temporary addresses seems like a very useful thing in
general. Folks are concerns about the threats for public multi-access links
(ND and addrconf threats). To make temporary addresses useful in the SeND
case, there has to be a notion of being able to "allocate" such an
address and be able to use it for its intended lifetime (7 days by default).
In the non-mobile case the unstated assumption is that the node needs
to be present on the link to be able to "defend" an address by responding to
DAD probes. Perhaps this assumption needs to be questioned in general.
In any case, in the mobile case the assumption is bad if it ends up assuming
that the MN is always reachable from the HA.

But this "stable temporary addresses" doesn't mean that the addresses should
be tied to a particular identity of the owner; merely that attackers should not
be able to (easily) steal them from the owner.

  Erik



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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Hesham Soliman (EAB)"
	 <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
Date: Thu, 4 Jul 2002 18:10:36 +0200 
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Hi Vijay, 

My comment was two fold:

1. Is it worth it? You say, yes it is
because we get triangulr routing. 
I'm not so sure that triangular routing
is much better, but anyway this is not 
my biggest concern. That one is below

2. The draft is very unclear about the 
rationale. I know it says that the HAO
can be accepted if IPsec is used, but I
think more text is needed there.

(2) is more important to me than (1), because
I was a bit confused by section 8, and I would
imagine that someone reading this for the first
time will be more confused. 

Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
  > Sent: Wednesday, July 03, 2002 8:27 PM
  > To: Hesham Soliman (EAB)
  > Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
  > 
  > 
  > 
  > 
  > Hesham Soliman (EAB) wrote:
  > 
  > > Sorry, unfinished sentence at the end. I
  > > just discovered that I sent it by accident.
  > > 
  > > The last paragraph should read:
  > > Also, I still wonder about the point behind
  > > the MUST in 8.1 for the HAO. We all agreed that
  > > it MUST be supported when a BCE entry, what is 
  > 
  > 
  > actually no. we agreed that HAO MUST be processed if the home
  > address can be verified. verifiability of the home address can be 
  > achieved by mechanisms other than the a valid BCE entry. 
  > for example, 
  > lets asumme the MN and CN have an IPsec protected data session with
  > the SA created on MN's home address. in this case the verifiability 
  > comes from the IPsec SA. another case is, when the CN and MN belong
  > to the same 'trusted' domain. in this case the HAO can be 
  > processed. 
  > there are other mechanisms like Rajeev's and Charlie's HAO tagging
  > proposal to verify the HoA.
  > 
  > IMO, HoA verifiability is something I believe we can solve. it
  > would be wrong to restrict ourselves now by saying HAO MUST NOT be
  > processed if a vaild BCE does not exist.
  > 
  > > the point of having it supported just in case
  > > IPsec exists? 
  > > Is it to use triangular routing? There is nothing
  > 
  > 
  > yes. you can have triangular routing if the home address can be
  > verified.
  > 
  > regards
  > Vijay
  > 


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From: "Hiroyuki OHNISHI" <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
To: "Liu, Changwen" <changwen.liu@intel.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] I-D ACTION:draft-ohnishi-mobileip-v6vpngateway-00.txt
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 2002 12:00:06 +0900
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Hi  changwen,

Thank you for your comments.
I understand what you are saying.  But this architecture is aiming to be
applied to a VPN model.
I show you our requiements first and reply to your comments.

Our requirements are followings;
Requirement 1: MN outside the Intranet can set up IPsec tunnel between the
MN and the Intranet(VPN GW).  And the IPsec tunnel does not need to be
renegotiated even if the MN changes its CoA.
Requirement 2: To achieve Requirement 1,  the VPN GW has to handle binding
caches for the MN.  And it is better that MN can create binding caches in
VPN GW by using a simple way.

As you mentioned, this draft proposed that MN sends Binding Update to GHA
instead of HA and GHA again sends Binding Update to the HA.  This is because
we want to create binding caches in GHA during registering MN's CoA to HA
(requirement 2).   I think it can be possible that MN sends BU(for HA) over
BU(for GHA) mesasge.  But from the viewpoint of MN,  I think it is too
complex.

GHA has to forward all the traffic from/to MNs.  But it is common senario
that the traffic has to pass through the VPN GW in the VPN senario.  I think
even if MN moves to outside the Intranet,  the MN should be under same
envinronment.  It means that the packets to the MN can pass through a FW
that is located in the Intranet.   If the route optimization is applied in
the VPN scenario,  the packets that can not pass through the FW can also
reach the MN.

Will you give me further comments on this?
Thanks in advance.

Hiroyuki


----- Original Message -----
From: "Liu, Changwen" <changwen.liu@intel.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Saturday, June 29, 2002 2:28 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] I-D
ACTION:draft-ohnishi-mobileip-v6vpngateway-00.txt


> I read through the draft and here is my quick observation/comment on this
> draft:
> Unlike MIPv4, MIPv6 (as of draft 17) has better authorization
specification
> for binding update. For example, in order to avoid unauthorized binding
> update for a MNv6, "the security policy database entries MUST
unequivocally
> identify a single SA for any given home address and home agent" in MIPv6
> while MIPv4 SA doesn't has this restriction. In other words, if the GHA
can
> send binding update to MIPv6 HA for a MNv6, the MNv6 loses its capability
> for sending binding update to its own MIPv6 HA. Hence no matter where MNv6
> roams to, all MNv6 data traffic has to go through GHA and a lot of traffic
> has to go through the path HA-GHA. The routing for MNv6 can never be fully
> optimized as specified in MIPv6 and triangular routing is unavoidable. If
> one wants support full routing optimization for VPN traversal, it seems
that
> the aforementioned line in MIPv6 specification may need to be changed
> slightly to allow more than one SAs for updating any given home address
and
> home agent pair.
>
> My two cents.
>
> changwen
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org [mailto:Internet-Drafts@ietf.org]
> > Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 3:37 AM
> > Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: [mobile-ip] I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ohnishi-mobileip-v6vpngateway-00.txt
> >
> >
> > A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line
> > Internet-Drafts directories.
> >
> >
> > Title : Mobile IPv6 VPN using Gateway Home Agent
> > Author(s) : H. Ohnishi, K. Suzuki, Y. Takagi
> > Filename : draft-ohnishi-mobileip-v6vpngateway-00.txt
> > Pages : 18
> > Date : 27-Jun-02
> >
> > Mobile IPv6 [Mobile IPv6] provides mobility functions for IPv6.  It
> > can also be used for public mobility services.  One of the most
> > important services is the VPN service enabling users to access their
> > Intranets from outside.  Mobile IP does notwork well with VPN,
> > however, and this issue is being discussed in the Mobile IP WG [VPN
> > problem].  This document proposes a simple mechanism that combines
> > VPN and Mobile IP functions. This mechanism uses a hierarchical HA
> > architecture and includes an HA with GW functions, called a Gateway
> > Home Agent (GHA).
> >
> > A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ohnishi-mobileip-v6v
> pngateway-00.txt
>
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Message-ID: <009b01c223fe$a3d89260$ad29024b@yhhan>
From: "Youn-Hee Han" <yhhan@disys.korea.ac.kr>
To: <Internet-Drafts@ietf.org>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <irtf-rr-mm@research.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] I-D ACTION:draft-han-mobileip-rolmmv6-00.txt
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 2002 17:29:49 +0900
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Hello mobile-ip and micro-mobility folks!

I know you all are very busy since you are being prepared with 54th IETF meeting.
I submitted a new draft about the route optimization in LMMv6.
Although this late draft is not included in the discussion at this yokohama meeting,
I will take great efforts so that the route optimization becomes a important function in LMMv6.
If you can find the time, would you please comment about this draft?

see you all at yokohama!
Best regards,

Youn-Hee Han.


----- Original Message ----- 
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> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
> 
> 
> Title : Route Optimization Support for Localized Mobility 
>                           Management Based on IPv6
> Author(s) : Y. Han et al.
> Filename : draft-han-mobileip-rolmmv6-00.txt
> Pages : 10
> Date : 02-Jul-02
> 
> Using localized mobility management based on IPv6, all packets
> destined to a mobile node are routed through the local mobility
> agent in the mobile node's local mobility domain, which then
> tunnels the packets to the mobile node's current location. Such
> packet routing mechanism is similar to the triangle routing in
> Mobile IPv4, which may leave the local mobility agent overloaded
> and take a longer route thus increasing the network traffic in the
> local mobility domain. This document specifies a route optimization
> scheme for localized mobility management based on IPv6 with the
> help of L2 trigger. Using this, correspondent nodes can cache LCoA
> of a mobile node if it is actively communicating with the mobile
> node, and then send their packets for the mobile node directly to
> the LCoA, bypassing the local mobility agent. This route
> optimization scheme will result in more efficient localized
> mobility management. It alleviates the local mobility agent's loads
> and takes the nearly same handoff delay time as the one in
> localized mobility management based on IPv6.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-han-mobileip-rolmmv6-00.txt
> 
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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] revised draft on WLAN and MIP
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Hi,

I have revised my draft:

             Smooth Handover over IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN

It now describes how handover period is minimized by NOT using
link layer mobility or link layer beacon signals.

							Masataka Ohta
--




INTERNET DRAFT                                                   M. Ohta
draft-ohta-smooth-handover-wlan-01.txt     Tokyo Institute of Technology
                                                               July 2002

             Smooth Handover over IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is subject to all provisions
   of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/1id-abstracts.html

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (July/5/2002).  All Rights
   Reserved.

Abstract

   This memo describes, based on the experience of MIS (Mobile Internet
   Services, Inc.) for commercial mobile IP service over IEEE 802.11b
   based wireless LAN environment, how handover between access points is
   made small or smooth.

   The major obstacle for the smooth handover is time required to scan
   frequency channels, which is made minimal by pseudo ad-hoc mode and
   latency of mobile registration is not so much a problem, both of
   which is solved with terminals having two transceivers.


1. Introduction

   This memo describes technical detail on handover latency of the
   service of MIS (Mobile Internet Services, Inc.), the first ISP to
   have commercialized mobile IP with IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN as a



M. Ohta                Expires on January 5, 2003               [Page 1]

INTERNET DRAFT         Smooth Handover over WLAN               July 2002


   feedback from the real world to IETF.

   MIS uses IEEE 802.11b based wireless LAN infrastructure and puts a
   lot of wireless LAN access points to let its subscribers move around
   with IP mobility.

   MIS started public field trial in August 2001 and started commercial
   service in April 2002.

   During the trial, a possible problem of the wireless LAN became
   apparent that it takes considerable amount of time, often more than a
   second, to scan all the possible frequency channels, which is
   required upon handover to find the next access point better than the
   current.

   So, it is important to minimize handover latency, as described in
   Section 2. As a result, IP mobility with MIS wireless LAN base
   stations works, even on a car driving on highway at 100Km/h.

   For some applications such as web browsing, it is not a problem.

   However, for streaming applications such as Internet telephony,
   smooth handover with little or no service interruption is strongly
   desired.

   As discussed in Sections  3 and 4, the problem of smooth handover is
   solved by terminals having two wireless transceivers.

2. Minimizing Handover Latency of IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN with One
   Transceiver

   IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN has two mode of operations, infrastructure
   mode and IBSS mode.  Infrastructure mode is capable of frequency
   channel scanning, link layer mobility and beacon signal processing.
   IBSS mode is capable of beacon signal processing.

   However, complex link layer capabilities are seldom useful in the
   end-to-end Internet, because such link layer is an intelligent
   intermediate entity.

   It might be misunderstood that link layer mobility combined with IP
   layer mobility reduces the latency of handover, because it responds
   quickly enough, so that IP layer handover should be used only at
   borders of link layers.

   To rely on link layer mobility, frequency channels must be scanned
   once. Then, if IP layer handover is, in addition, required, frequency
   channels must be scanned again, which unnecessarily increases the



M. Ohta                Expires on January 5, 2003               [Page 2]

INTERNET DRAFT         Smooth Handover over WLAN               July 2002


   latency.

   To prevent it, access points must be sought regardless of the
   boundaries of link layer, which means link layer mobility is not
   used.

   Even if wireless LAN is used with infrastructure mode, each access
   point should belong to different ESS and link layer mobility should
   be disabled.

   Another problem is beacon processing with both infrastructure and
   IBSS modes.

   In both modes, information in link layer beacon is necessary before
   starting communication.  As IEEE 802.11 does not specify anything and
   WiFi specifies beacon period between 20m second to 1 second, typical,
   or may be all the, IBSS implementations listen to a frequency channel
   for 1 second.  Then, if a terminal scans all the 14 channels, most of
   which does not have beacon signals, it takes about 14 seconds, which
   is prohibitively long.

   Even if we can somehow shorten the listening period, there is still a
   problem with link layer beacon signals.  While IEEE 802.11 frequency
   channels are scanned based on limited information in link layer
   beacon signals, real world scanning needs upper layer information.
   For example, whether an access point supports IPv4 and/or IPv6 is
   important upper layer information for scanning. Another important
   information is the number of remaining IP addresses pooled at an
   access point (with FA/MN collocation model, which MIS assumes to
   remove an intermediate intelligent entity of FA from the network).

   That is, for efficient frequency channel scanning, upper layer
   software of access points should generate its own beacon signals
   containing capabilities of the upper layer. To minimize handover
   latency, it should be as frequent as link layer beacon signals. As
   inter-frame gaps of IEEE 802.11 is considerably large, separately
   generating link and upper layer beacons reduces the tolerable beacon
   frequency by half.

   Another option is for terminals to actively query upper layer
   information to access points.  However, with many candidate access
   points, communication with which may involve packet drop and
   retransmission delay, considerable amount of time is required.

   That is, link layer beacon signals are not useful.

   Fortunately, NICs from most, if not all, vendors have so called
   "pseudo ad-hoc" mode, with which there is no link layer intelligence



M. Ohta                Expires on January 5, 2003               [Page 3]

INTERNET DRAFT         Smooth Handover over WLAN               July 2002


   such as half hearted mobility or beacon signals.

   MIS relies on the pseudo ad-hoc mode to minimize the latency for
   frequency channel scanning. Access points of MIS generate beacon
   signals 30 time a second and it takes about a second to scan all the
   14 frequency channels.

   It is confirmed that IP mobility take over between access points
   works even with terminals on cars running at 100Km/h.

3. Smooth Handover with Two Transceivers

   To prevent the service interruption, it is necessary that a terminal,
   which is expected to run service-interruption-sensitive applications,
   should have two wireless LAN transceivers, one for keeping connection
   to the the current access point and another for scanning frequency
   channels to search alternative ones.

4. Smoother Handover with Two Transceivers

   With the elimination of service interruption for frequency channel
   scanning, there still is a smaller amount of service interruption for
   mobility registration, which can also be eliminated.

   With two wireless LAN transceivers, just after one transceiver find a
   new access point better than the current, a new connection to the new
   access point should be established through the transceiver.

   Then, mobility registration for the new access point should be
   initiated.

   Still, another transceiver should keep connecting to the current
   access point.

   A while after the terminal confirms a successful mobility
   registration, the terminal should terminate the connection to the old
   access point and, as described in section 2, start scanning newer
   access points.

   During mobile registration, packets from CH comes from either of the
   access points. As the terminal receives packets from both access
   points, there is no packet loss caused by the latency of the
   registration.

5. Applications of the Technique

   The technique described in sections 3 and 4 was deployed in recent
   PHS (personal handy phone, 32Kbps mobile telephone system available



M. Ohta                Expires on January 5, 2003               [Page 4]

INTERNET DRAFT         Smooth Handover over WLAN               July 2002


   in Japan and other countries) service, only after which, PHS can
   support stable and smooth handover.

   In general, the technique requires two sets of transceivers, which
   increases the cost of terminals, which is welcome to wireless LAN
   chip vendors, it also reduce the cost of network by eliminating
   intelligent intermediate entities for half-hearted smooth mobility.

   Note that a CDMA based wireless transceiver can simultaneously use
   two access points with different code without additional RF modules.

   The technique is L1 or L2 independent and is applicable to smooth
   handover between different media, such as between PHS and WLAN or
   Ethernet and WLAN.

6. Security Considerations

   To prevent anonymous and/or unpaid access to the Internet, access
   points of MIS have packet-wise cryptographical authentication
   mechanism to disallow unauthorized access to the Internet.

   To prevent subscribers share a single subscriber ID with single
   payment, the mechanism disallows multiple terminals with a single
   subscriber ID simultaneously use access points.

   As a side effect, the mechanism, basically, disallows a terminal
   simultaneously use multiple access points.

   However, to allow for the smooth handover, a terminal is allowed to
   simultaneously use access points with overlapping service area.

7. Author's Address

   Masataka Ohta
   Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering,
   Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku
   Tokyo 152-8552, JAPAN

   Phone: +81-3-5734-3299
   Fax: +81-3-5734-3299
   EMail: mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp










M. Ohta                Expires on January 5, 2003               [Page 5]

INTERNET DRAFT         Smooth Handover over WLAN               July 2002


8. Full Copyright Statement

   "Copyright (C) The Internet Society (July/1/2002).  All Rights
   Reserved.

   This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
   others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
   or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
   and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
   kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
   included on all such copies and derivative works.  However, this
   document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
   the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
   Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
   developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
   copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
   followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
   English.

   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
   revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.

   This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
   TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
   BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.























M. Ohta                Expires on January 5, 2003               [Page 6]



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Localized Mobility Management Requirements
	Author(s)	: C. Williams
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-lmm-requirements-02.txt
	Pages		: 12
	Date		: 03-Jul-02
	
This document describes requirements for Localized Mobility
Management (LMM) for Mobile IP and Mobile Ipv6 protocols.  
These requirements are intended to guide the design of a protocol 
specification for LMM.  Localized Mobility Management, in general,
introduces enhancements to Mobile IPv4 and Mobile IPv6 to
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Agent and, for route-optimization, Correspondent Nodes, upon
Care of Address change. In addition, LMM seeks to reduce the
amount of signaling over the global Internet when a mobile
node traverses within a defined local domain.  The identified 
requirements are essential for localized mobility management 
functionality. They are intended to be used as a guide for 
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Hesham Soliman \(EAB\)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
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> 2. The draft is very unclear about the
> rationale. I know it says that the HAO
> can be accepted if IPsec is used, but I
> think more text is needed there.
>

I was very confused by this.

If IPsec is required for HAO, then doesn't that mean that the CN must have an IPsec SA with the MN in order to do RO? If so, then
what was the point of developing the RR algorithm?

This seems to me to be a very limiting requirement.

            jak




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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Hierarchical MIPv6 mobility management (HMIPv6)
	Author(s)	: H. Soliman, C. Castelluccia, K. Malki, L. Bellier
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-hmipv6-06.txt
	Pages		: 34
	Date		: 05-Jul-02
	
This draft introduces some extensions for MIPv6 and neighbour
discovery to allow for the introduction of a hierarchical MIPv6
mobility management model. The proposed hierarchical mobility
management for MIPv6 will reduce the amount of signalling to CNs and
the HA and may also improve the performance of MIPv6 in terms of
handoff speed. Moreover, HMIPv6 is well-suited to implement access
control and handoffs between different access technologies.

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	Title		: Mobility Support in IPv6
	Author(s)	: D. Johnson, C. Perkins, J. Arkko
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
	Pages		: 157
	Date		: 05-Jul-02
	
This document specifies how the IPv6 Internet operates with mobile
computers.  Without specific support for mobility in IPv6 [11],
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communication in spite of its movement, a mobile node could change
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also continue to communicate with other nodes (stationary or mobile)
after moving to a new link.  The movement of a mobile node away from
its home link is thus transparent to transport and higher-layer
protocols and applications.

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	Title		: Per-flow movement in MIPv6
	Author(s)	: H. Soliman, K. Malki, C. Castelluccia
	Filename	: draft-soliman-mobileip-flow-move-02.txt
	Pages		: 9
	Date		: 05-Jul-02
	
The aim of this draft is to introduce a new extension to MIPv6 to
allow hosts to direct inbound flows individually to certain preferred
interfaces. This extension to MIPv6 allows multi-homed hosts to take
full advantage of the diverse access technologies that they may be
connected to and direct their traffic according to internal policies
specified by the users or applications.

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	Title		: SUCV Identifiers and Addresses
	Author(s)	: G. Montenegro, C. Castelluccia
	Filename	: draft-montenegro-sucv-03.txt
	Pages		: 34
	Date		: 05-Jul-02
	
This document addresses the identifier ownership problem.  It
does so by using characteristics of Statistic Uniqueness and
Cryptographic Verifiability (SUCV) of certain entities which
this document calls SUCV Identifiers (SUCV ID's).  This note
also proposes using these SUCV characteristics in related
entities called SUCV Addresses in order to severely limit
certain classes of denial of service attacks and hijacking
attacks. SUCV addresses are particularly applicable to solve the
'address ownership' problem that severely undermines confidence
in mechanisms like Binding Updates in Mobile IP for IPv6.

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Jul  7 13:42:42 2002
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Date: Sun, 07 Jul 2002 20:43:21 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
References: <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF0538044F0821@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se> <008a01c22439$eee424a0$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF>
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James Kempf wrote:

>>2. The draft is very unclear about the
>>rationale. I know it says that the HAO
>>can be accepted if IPsec is used, but I
>>think more text is needed there.
>>
>>
> 
> I was very confused by this.
> 
> If IPsec is required for HAO, then doesn't that mean that the CN must have an IPsec SA with the MN in order to do RO? If so, then
> what was the point of developing the RR algorithm?
> 
> This seems to me to be a very limiting requirement.


No, the discussion was that HAO can be accepted when *either* RR or IPsec has
been used. So, IPsec SA is not a requirement for RO.

Jari




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  8 04:46:07 2002
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From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] MIP and multicast
Date: Mon, 8 Jul 2002 04:45:01 -0400 
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I have just submitted an internet-draft (abstract below) on the subject of
MIPv4 and MIPv6 multicast support via the Foreign multicast system which
will be available at http://www.flarion.com/technology/tech_standards.html
hopefully early this week.

Both MIPv4 and MIPv6 presently require the MN to use a CCoA as a foreign
multicast source address. This I believe is problematic for multicast
protocols that build source specific trees at cellular mobility rates. This
is because each tree needs to be rebuilt on every hand-off which is going to
thrash the routing system because every router on each tree is being exposed
to the movement of every MN on that tree. Clearly, the more trees with MN
senders the worse this problem becomes. ASM (PIM-SM) and SSM (on any
protocol) all build source trees so I believe this is a major deployment
barrier for foreign network multicast.

In contrast, the HoA is stable across hand-offs and therefore this should be
the source address and also used to populate multicast forwarding entries.
To avoid the RPF check failing (expects packets from the HA and not the FA),
the draft discusses various ways to initially bypass the problematic RPF
checks, but in the future for multicast routing protocols to be evolved to
be able to support an arbitrary RPF point (the present Multicast Designated
Router of the MN). The RPF approach is optimal because each hand-off only
changes the RPF interface in routers local to the hand-off and is therefore
scalable. The draft does not however deal with the multicast changes in
detail but is simplky intended to motivate discussion, MIP spec changes and
appropriate multicast research and standards work.

I will be in Yokohama from sunday to wednesday afternoon and am happy to
discuss this with interested parties outside the main meeting.

Regards, Alan.


Mobility Management and IP Multicast  <draft-oneill-mip-multicast-00.txt>

Abstract
                 
   Mobile IP provides a mobile node, that visits a foreign subnet, the
ability 
   to continue to use an address from its home subnet (the home address) as
a 
   source address. This is achieved through the allocation of a Care of
Address 
   on the foreign subnet that is used as the end-point of a redirection
tunnel 
   from a home agent on the home subnet. Mobile IP in RFC 3220 states that
when 
   the mobile node originates multicast traffic intended for the foreign 
   multicast system, it can only do so by first obtaining an IP address from
the 
   foreign subnet (a Collocated Care of Address) and then using this address
as 
   the multicast source address. This is to ensure that the source address
will 
   pass multicast routing reverse path forwarding checks.

   This foreign multicast model is however extremely restrictive, and still
very 
   problematic to multicast routing and applications when the mobile node 
   regularly changes foreign subnets, as is common in wireless systems. This
is 
   because the source address continues to evolve which must be tracked by 
   source specific multicast application and routing signalling. Using the
home 
   multicast system, again described above, is also non-optimal because the 
   mobile node receiver is then serviced by packets that must be tunnelled
from 
   its home agent which, removes any multicast routing benefits (ie network 
   based tree building). This draft therefore describes modifications to the

   foreign multicast interface between mobile IP and multicast routing that 
   enable the mobile node to use its persistent home address as a multicast 
   source address.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  8 11:51:52 2002
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Message-ID: <00ab01c22696$eb515100$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF>
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: "Hesham Soliman \(EAB\)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF0538044F0821@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se> <008a01c22439$eee424a0$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D287DB9.9040107@kolumbus.fi>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
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Jari,

Thanx for the clarification.

I think the draft needs to be clearer about this. Perhaps it could be stated in the requirements section.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>;
<mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Sunday, July 07, 2002 10:43 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8


> James Kempf wrote:
>
> >>2. The draft is very unclear about the
> >>rationale. I know it says that the HAO
> >>can be accepted if IPsec is used, but I
> >>think more text is needed there.
> >>
> >>
> >
> > I was very confused by this.
> >
> > If IPsec is required for HAO, then doesn't that mean that the CN must have an IPsec SA with the MN in order to do RO? If so,
then
> > what was the point of developing the RR algorithm?
> >
> > This seems to me to be a very limiting requirement.
>
>
> No, the discussion was that HAO can be accepted when *either* RR or IPsec has
> been used. So, IPsec SA is not a requirement for RO.
>
> Jari
>
>
>



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
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hi Hesham,

"Hesham Soliman (EAB)" wrote:
> 
> Hi Vijay,
> 
> My comment was two fold:
> 
> 1. Is it worth it? You say, yes it is
> because we get triangulr routing.
> I'm not so sure that triangular routing
> is much better, but anyway this is not
> my biggest concern. That one is below

I will avoid getting into a debate whether triangular 
routing is better. (IMO it is better than reverse tunneling 
if we can avoid the possible reflection attacks).

> 2. The draft is very unclear about the
> rationale. I know it says that the HAO
> can be accepted if IPsec is used, but I
> think more text is needed there.
> 
> (2) is more important to me than (1), because
> I was a bit confused by section 8, and I would
> imagine that someone reading this for the first
> time will be more confused.

not just IPsec. basically we are tying the processing of
HAO to the verifiability of the home address (to avoid
reflection attacks).

maybe we can include more text to explain this clearly.

Vijay


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
CC: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> 
> There's two things here. One is whether the current
> spec adequately explains how all this works even if RO
> is not used. Does it? Secondly, how useful is the
> functionality?
> 
> => new issue #53 (hmm... it has been discussed before...)

I havent seen the text for this new issue. but this has been
discussed as part of both Issue #31 and Issue #45. and both
issues have been closed.

Vijay


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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
Date: Mon, 8 Jul 2002 21:37:25 +0100
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Various comments on MIPv6 I-D 18.

1. There still appears to be a minor bug in the description 
   of how the DHAAD response is created. The addresses are 
   ordered by decreasing Preference, and if the sender is 
   the first in the list, its address should be omitted and 
   the recipient will assume that the sender is most 
   preferred. But there is also the provision for 
   truncating the response if it exceeds max MTU. So, for 
   example, if the sender is least preferred but its 
   address gets truncated because of MTU size constraints, 
   the recipient will incorrectly assume the sender to be 
   most preferred. Since all this is specified using SHOULD 
   and SHOULD NOT, an implementation can legitimately 
   achieve approximately the intended behaviour by not 
   doing what the I-D says, but the way it is currently 
   described is an invitation to error. An obvious fix is 
   to eliminate the 'bandwidth conservation' and explicitly 
   transmit all addresses that will fit in the response.

2. In section 9.4.1, it says: "If the Home Registration (H) 
   bit is set in the Binding Update, the Binding Update is 
   processed according to the procedure specified in 
   Section 10.2; otherwise, it is processed according to 
   the procedure specified in Section 9.4.2." 
   Unfortunately, the context of this text implies that the 
   Return Routeability procedure can be used to secure a 
   Home Registration, which is not the case. Same problem 
   with the next bullet, too. 

3. Sections 6.1.8 and 9.4.4 are inconsistent. The former 
   says a BA does not use a routing header. The latter 
   describes conditions under which it does.

4. Section 10.3 says "If the home agent does not reject the 
   Binding Update as described above, then it MUST delete 
   any existing entry in its Binding Cache for this mobile 
   node, and proceed as follows." Should "any existing 
   entry" read "all existing entries"? I.e., what are the 
   semantics of the S bit in a deregistration? For example, 
   is it permissible to register a set of addresses using 
   S=0 and then individually deregister them with S=1?

Editorial:

5. The document still has a few instances of "Binding 
   Update option". Most, if not all, should read "Binding 
   Update" or "Binding Update message.

6. Repeated text on p64: "Subsequent checks depend on the 
   particular Mobility Header message, as specified in 
   Sections 9.3 and 9.4.  Subsequent checks depend on the 
   particular Mobility Header message."

Kevin.




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I read through the MIPv6 spec last week and this note contains some suggestions. The spec is really long, and I think anything that
could be done to reduce the size without compromising an accurate and detailed description of the basic protocol would be very
beneficial. On the plus side, most of the technical details look good, the authors have done a good job of collecting WG opinion and
forging it into a new and interesting technology. Of the following suggestions, only 2) would really need to be completed before RFC
if there is an urgent need to get it out now, the rest could follow as incremental changes, with the proper attention to requirement
level, IMHO.

                jak

-----------------------------------------------

1) Editorial

The spec is in need of being worked through by a technical editor with an understanding of IETF specifications. In some cases, MUST
and SHOULD language is missing where it would be useful to designate requirement level. Section 5.2 contains much detail on RR,
exactly at the right level for an IETF specification, but unfortunately some of the other sections aren't up to that level. Also,
there are cases where information on particular operations are spread across a number of sections making it difficult to see what is
required to implement. The material in Appendix A should either be incorporated into the text or dropped. Similarly, the other two
appendicies should be dropped. Appendix C would be good for the WG to use as a guide for future work, but doesn't belong here. There
are lots of other such editorial changes that could be done to tighten the spec up.

2) Security with CN needed for RO

On pg. 65 in Section 9.2.2, there is this statement about security for RO:

    Due to the threat of reflection attacks, this specification requires that packets containing a Home Address option
    MUST be dropped if there is no corresponding Binding Cache Entry for the given home address and the
    packet was not protected by IPsec.

This sentence seems to imply that an IPsec SA is required between the CN and MN in order to perform RO (for which the Home Address
option is used). However, in the requirements for all IPv6 nodes in Section 8.2 there is no such requirement.

The practical difficulty of requiring an IPsec SA between the CN and MN was one of the motivating factors for developing the RR
algorithm for securing the routing change. Requiring it in order that the actual routing itself can be done faces exactly the same
practical issues. I think it would be helpful to change the "and" to an "or".

3) Security between the MN and HA

There are various bits and pieces of text that deal with the security required between the MN and HA for Mobile IP signaling. For
example, Section 5.1 contains a very sketchy description of the IPsec SA required for RR, where either ESP or AH is allowed. There
is also some material in Section 6.1.3 along the same lines when the HoTI message is described. Section 6.8 requires an AH header
for the Mobile Prefix Advertisement message (though this is not required by the SA for RR). And Section 10.7 requires ESP for RR,
but not AH. In Section 11.2.2, there is a short discussion on pg. 97 about using IKE for key distribution.

I think this material should be collected into a single section in which the details of the security association between the MN and
HA for purposes of securing MIP signaling should be described. This section should be very specific and detailed, so there is no
question of ambiguity or interoperability problems, and should deal with key management as well. Also, there should be some
consideration whether the same SA can be used for securing tunneled traffic as well, in the interests of economizing the amount of
processing and code.

4) Alternate Care of Address?

Throughout the spec, there are occasional references to this, but I was unable to pin down exactly why this was there, and how it
might be used by the HA. In Seamoby, there have been some proposals to use it for hosts that are in dormant mode, but I really
couldn't tell whether it could be used from this spec. I think that a section should clearly explain why this was included in the
spec, what this is, and when it can and can't be used. If the AltCoA can't be well motivated, it should be dropped.

5) HA Service Discovery and MN Address Provisioning

I was suprised to discover that MIPv6 defines its own protocol for service discovery of the HA and address provisioning of the MN.
In particular, Sections 6.5 and 6.6 describe HA service discovery messages and Section 6.7, and 6.8 describe the address
provisioning messages. Sections 10.9, 11.3.2, 11.3.3, and 11.3.4 describe the operation of these new protocols.

I'm having a difficult time understanding why Mobile IP can't use standard IPv6 protocols in this area. In particular, it seems like
DNS SRV records would be ideal for discovering the HA. Typically, an MN would have an NAI for the user's home network, and it could
use the domain name as a way to look up the SRV record for the HA's address. This seems much more consistent with the typical way
that IP services are discovered. As for address configuration, many of the operations described for the HA in handling MN home
address assignment are exactly the same kinds of operations that a DHCP server would be expected to perform. So I'm wondering if
DHCP might not be a better solution than a special Mobile IP protocol. Both DNS and DHCP would be expected on most IPv6 hosts,
though, I suppose one could argue about the latter since stateless autoconfig might be expected to handle many cases.

In any event, regardless of whether these suggestions are useful or not (and I don't really think this is the right thread to debate
that issue) I think the spec could be profitably shortened by removing these items and taking them as separate work items for a
seperate specification describing how a MN away from home configures itself.

6)   Forwarding from Previous Care of Address

In Section 2, the following design goal for Mobile IPv6 is stated prominently:

    -There is no longer any need to deploy special routers as "foreign agents" as are used in Mobile IPv4. In
    Mobile IPv6, mobile nodes can make use of IPv6 features, to operate in any location without any
    special support required from the local router.

Yet, once we dive into the document, we find specifications for forwarding from previous care of address, which requires an access
router to interpret Mobility Headers in a way different from a  standard IPv6 node, that makes it an "on link" home agent. In
particular, Section 11.6.6 contains most details, but others are scattered through out the specification.

Since forwarding from previous care of address is meant to be a handover optimization, I think it could easily be removed from the
base specification if the working group is serious about maintaining consistency to the original design goals in the base
specification. There is already ongoing work on handover optimization, and forwarding from previous care of address could be folded
into that work. The debate about whether an access router should support just generic IPv6 functionality or some special Mobile IP
signaling could then take place within the handover optimization work, and the base spec could remain deployable with any IPv6
router, as was the original design intent.

7) BA return

Section 6.1.8 says that a BA MUST be sent if the A bit is set, but it does not say what should happen if the A bit isn't set. Can a
node send a BA if the A bit isn't set?

8) PadN

Would it be worthwhile to specify that the PadN bits must be zeroed?

9) MaxRtAdvInterval

In Section 7.5, this number is defined to be 1.5 seconds, but there may be certain wireless links where periodic multicast router
advertisements are unnecessary or expensive for reasons of spectral efficiency. I think the network administrator should have the
option of configuring this off in such cases.

10) Using the CoA

On pg. 94 in Section 11.2.1, the second bullet item allows the MN to use the CoA for certain communications, but I have a difficult
time seeing how this could be done given the standard socket API. Perhaps this is not an issue for this spec, but it does need some
consideration.

On the next page, the direct delivery option should mention that the described technique won't work without a Binding Cache entry or
an IPsec SA.

11) NS or RS?

On pg. 106, an NS message is recommended for probing the router, but wouldn't an RS be more appropriate, since the mobile node is
interested in the router function?

12) Value judgement on security infrastructure

In Section 14.2, pg. 130 contains a paragraph with a value judgement on whether security infrastructure might be deployable or not.
It is too early to tell whether this value judgement is correct and, in any event, it does not belong in this specification. The
infrastructureless approach can be motivated by the simple statement that deploying an IPsec security association between two
arbitrary node in the Internet in the absence of a global PKI is a hard problem, and so a solution that does not require such was
developed in the interests of maintaining the minimum requirements for deployable MIPv6. Whether or not an infrastructure based
solution can be developed for some subproblem is an open question.

13) References

The nonnormative references should be removed or converted into normative references.





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Subject: [mobile-ip] Bar BoF: Mobile IPv4 VPN Traversal
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Hi all,

A bar BoF session is planned during the upcoming IETF meeting 
in Yokohama, to talk about VPN Traversal draft for MoIP v4:
http://ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-00.txt

The bar BoF will begin at 9:30am on Monday July 15, 2002. 
All interested people should please meet near the IETF 
registration desks. 

The agenda is to:
1. Summarize the status of the VPN traversal drafts
2. Discuss the MoIP v4 solution requirements
3. Discuss the VPN traversal solutions

Those who would like to attend this bar BoF session, please
send mail directly to Farid Adrangi (copied here) or me.

Thank you,
Milind


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul  8 22:16:45 2002
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Date: Tue, 09 Jul 2002 11:14:36 +0900 (JST)
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] current issue situation
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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I'm sorry I may have missed the discussion.

From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>

> 45 Adopted   HAO keyword same as for RO or MUST?

Let me confirm the conclusion.

As I have said in the mailing-list before, there are four types of
CNs. (Sorry for the duplicated explanation.)

CN0:  has no special MIP6 processing code.
CN1:  processes HAO only if it is protected (by IPsec).
CN2:  processes HAO only if it is protected (by IPsec)
      and accepts a BU only if it is protected (by IPsec).
CN3:  does RR
      and processes HAO if it is verified
      and accepts a BU if it is protected (by RR).

Vijay suggested CN2 capability for all CNs.  There seems no one has
any objection for this.  This means all the IPv6 node must support the
binding cache management (= RO) if the BU/HAO is protected by the
IPsec.  Is it WG consecsus?

http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/issues/issue45.txt

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


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From: "Roy Jose" <rojose@cisco.com>
To: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIP and multicast
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Hi Alan,

Why am not able find your draft using ID search?

-Roy

> I have just submitted an internet-draft (abstract below) on the subject of
> MIPv4 and MIPv6 multicast support via the Foreign multicast system which
> will be available at http://www.flarion.com/technology/tech_standards.html
> hopefully early this week.
>
> Both MIPv4 and MIPv6 presently require the MN to use a CCoA as a foreign
> multicast source address. This I believe is problematic for multicast
> protocols that build source specific trees at cellular mobility rates.
This
> is because each tree needs to be rebuilt on every hand-off which is going
to
> thrash the routing system because every router on each tree is being
exposed
> to the movement of every MN on that tree. Clearly, the more trees with MN
> senders the worse this problem becomes. ASM (PIM-SM) and SSM (on any
> protocol) all build source trees so I believe this is a major deployment
> barrier for foreign network multicast.
>
> In contrast, the HoA is stable across hand-offs and therefore this should
be
> the source address and also used to populate multicast forwarding entries.
> To avoid the RPF check failing (expects packets from the HA and not the
FA),
> the draft discusses various ways to initially bypass the problematic RPF
> checks, but in the future for multicast routing protocols to be evolved to
> be able to support an arbitrary RPF point (the present Multicast
Designated
> Router of the MN). The RPF approach is optimal because each hand-off only
> changes the RPF interface in routers local to the hand-off and is
therefore
> scalable. The draft does not however deal with the multicast changes in
> detail but is simplky intended to motivate discussion, MIP spec changes
and
> appropriate multicast research and standards work.
>
> I will be in Yokohama from sunday to wednesday afternoon and am happy to
> discuss this with interested parties outside the main meeting.
>
> Regards, Alan.
>
>
> Mobility Management and IP Multicast  <draft-oneill-mip-multicast-00.txt>
>
> Abstract
>
>    Mobile IP provides a mobile node, that visits a foreign subnet, the
> ability
>    to continue to use an address from its home subnet (the home address)
as
> a
>    source address. This is achieved through the allocation of a Care of
> Address
>    on the foreign subnet that is used as the end-point of a redirection
> tunnel
>    from a home agent on the home subnet. Mobile IP in RFC 3220 states that
> when
>    the mobile node originates multicast traffic intended for the foreign
>    multicast system, it can only do so by first obtaining an IP address
from
> the
>    foreign subnet (a Collocated Care of Address) and then using this
address
> as
>    the multicast source address. This is to ensure that the source address
> will
>    pass multicast routing reverse path forwarding checks.
>
>    This foreign multicast model is however extremely restrictive, and
still
> very
>    problematic to multicast routing and applications when the mobile node
>    regularly changes foreign subnets, as is common in wireless systems.
This
> is
>    because the source address continues to evolve which must be tracked by
>    source specific multicast application and routing signalling. Using the
> home
>    multicast system, again described above, is also non-optimal because
the
>    mobile node receiver is then serviced by packets that must be tunnelled
> from
>    its home agent which, removes any multicast routing benefits (ie
network
>    based tree building). This draft therefore describes modifications to
the
>
>    foreign multicast interface between mobile IP and multicast routing
that
>    enable the mobile node to use its persistent home address as a
multicast
>    source address.
>
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  9 05:56:48 2002
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Hi James and thanks for your in-depth comments.
I assigned issue #55 for this. Some discussion follows
in-line.

> I read through the MIPv6 spec last week and this note contains some suggestions. The spec is really long, and I think anything that
> could be done to reduce the size without compromising an accurate and detailed description of the basic protocol would be very


I agree. We did quite a bit of work on this already for draft 18, in an editorial sense. Further
editorial suggestions on reducing the length and/or suggestions about the general scope of the
protocol are of course highly appreciated.


> beneficial. On the plus side, most of the technical details look good, the authors have done a good job of collecting WG opinion and
> forging it into a new and interesting technology. Of the following suggestions, only 2) would really need to be completed before RFC
> if there is an urgent need to get it out now, the rest could follow as incremental changes, with the proper attention to requirement
> level, IMHO.
> 
>                 jak
> 
> -----------------------------------------------
> 
> 1) Editorial
> 
> The spec is in need of being worked through by a technical editor with an understanding of IETF specifications. In some cases, MUST
> and SHOULD language is missing where it would be useful to designate requirement level. Section 5.2 contains much detail on RR,
> exactly at the right level for an IETF specification, but unfortunately some of the other sections aren't up to that level. Also,


Yes... perhaps we should go through the spec with this particular aspect in mind. Do you
have any particular complaints about sections that don't do well in this aspect?


> there are cases where information on particular operations are spread across a number of sections making it difficult to see what is
> required to implement. The material in Appendix A should either be incorporated into the text or dropped. Similarly, the other two
> appendicies should be dropped.


Appendix A is, I believe, inline with the textual descriptions earlier. The question is if people
feel that a relatively short description of states helps them understand what the protocol does,
or if they will be reading only the text. How does the list feel about this? I'm ready to
remove appendix A or make it part of earlier sections.

Change lists (appendix B) are normally removed by the time a spec reaches the RFC editor. I think
we should do so here as well, but keep it until we actually are sending the I-D version to the
editor.

> Appendix C would be good for the WG to use as a guide for future work, but doesn't belong here. There
> are lots of other such editorial changes that could be done to tighten the spec up.


Yes. (We actually considered this in the last moments before the I-D deadline but didn't
finally have time for removing it.)


> 2) Security with CN needed for RO
> 
> On pg. 65 in Section 9.2.2, there is this statement about security for RO:
> 
>     Due to the threat of reflection attacks, this specification requires that packets containing a Home Address option
>     MUST be dropped if there is no corresponding Binding Cache Entry for the given home address and the
>     packet was not protected by IPsec.
> 
> This sentence seems to imply that an IPsec SA is required between the CN and MN in order to perform RO (for which the Home Address
> option is used). However, in the requirements for all IPv6 nodes in Section 8.2 there is no such requirement.
> 
> The practical difficulty of requiring an IPsec SA between the CN and MN was one of the motivating factors for developing the RR
> algorithm for securing the routing change. Requiring it in order that the actual routing itself can be done faces exactly the same
> practical issues. I think it would be helpful to change the "and" to an "or".


Right. That was the intention.

We do not require IPsec for CN communications. RR is used to establish a binding, and then
HAO, RH, and direct communication can be used. (However, even folks who are not using RO
at all can use HAO if they have IPsec.)


> 3) Security between the MN and HA
> 
> There are various bits and pieces of text that deal with the security required between the MN and HA for Mobile IP signaling. For
> example, Section 5.1 contains a very sketchy description of the IPsec SA required for RR, where either ESP or AH is allowed. There
> is also some material in Section 6.1.3 along the same lines when the HoTI message is described. Section 6.8 requires an AH header
> for the Mobile Prefix Advertisement message (though this is not required by the SA for RR). And Section 10.7 requires ESP for RR,
> but not AH. In Section 11.2.2, there is a short discussion on pg. 97 about using IKE for key distribution.
> 
> I think this material should be collected into a single section in which the details of the security association between the MN and
> HA for purposes of securing MIP signaling should be described. This section should be very specific and detailed, so there is no
> question of ambiguity or interoperability problems, and should deal with key management as well. Also, there should be some
> consideration whether the same SA can be used for securing tunneled traffic as well, in the interests of economizing the amount of
> processing and code.


In general I agree about this concern.

We've been working with Vijay on a separate note (that I hope to post to the list soon)
which describes the IPsec processing, SPD configurations, SAD contents, and so on.

Same SAs can't be used for multiple purposes, due to the need to specify address-based
selectors in the SAD/SPD.


> 4) Alternate Care of Address?
> 
> Throughout the spec, there are occasional references to this, but I was unable to pin down exactly why this was there, and how it
> might be used by the HA. In Seamoby, there have been some proposals to use it for hosts that are in dormant mode, but I really
> couldn't tell whether it could be used from this spec. I think that a section should clearly explain why this was included in the
> spec, what this is, and when it can and can't be used. If the AltCoA can't be well motivated, it should be dropped.


I'll let others comment on this.


> 5) HA Service Discovery and MN Address Provisioning
> 
> I was suprised to discover that MIPv6 defines its own protocol for service discovery of the HA and address provisioning of the MN.
> In particular, Sections 6.5 and 6.6 describe HA service discovery messages and Section 6.7, and 6.8 describe the address
> provisioning messages. Sections 10.9, 11.3.2, 11.3.3, and 11.3.4 describe the operation of these new protocols.
> 
> I'm having a difficult time understanding why Mobile IP can't use standard IPv6 protocols in this area. In particular, it seems like
> DNS SRV records would be ideal for discovering the HA. Typically, an MN would have an NAI for the user's home network, and it could
> use the domain name as a way to look up the SRV record for the HA's address. This seems much more consistent with the typical way
> that IP services are discovered. As for address configuration, many of the operations described for the HA in handling MN home
> address assignment are exactly the same kinds of operations that a DHCP server would be expected to perform. So I'm wondering if
> DHCP might not be a better solution than a special Mobile IP protocol. Both DNS and DHCP would be expected on most IPv6 hosts,
> though, I suppose one could argue about the latter since stateless autoconfig might be expected to handle many cases.
> 
> In any event, regardless of whether these suggestions are useful or not (and I don't really think this is the right thread to debate
> that issue) I think the spec could be profitably shortened by removing these items and taking them as separate work items for a
> seperate specification describing how a MN away from home configures itself.


DNS SRV records might work, but I'm uncertain about DHCP. Wouldn't DHCP be deployed locally, in the visited domain?
This would imply some relationship between the visited and home domains which we may not always want.


> 6)   Forwarding from Previous Care of Address
> 
> In Section 2, the following design goal for Mobile IPv6 is stated prominently:
> 
>     -There is no longer any need to deploy special routers as "foreign agents" as are used in Mobile IPv4. In
>     Mobile IPv6, mobile nodes can make use of IPv6 features, to operate in any location without any
>     special support required from the local router.
> 
> Yet, once we dive into the document, we find specifications for forwarding from previous care of address, which requires an access
> router to interpret Mobility Headers in a way different from a  standard IPv6 node, that makes it an "on link" home agent. In
> particular, Section 11.6.6 contains most details, but others are scattered through out the specification.
> 
> Since forwarding from previous care of address is meant to be a handover optimization, I think it could easily be removed from the
> base specification if the working group is serious about maintaining consistency to the original design goals in the base
> specification. There is already ongoing work on handover optimization, and forwarding from previous care of address could be folded
> into that work. The debate about whether an access router should support just generic IPv6 functionality or some special Mobile IP
> signaling could then take place within the handover optimization work, and the base spec could remain deployable with any IPv6
> router, as was the original design intent.


I agree. How do others feel?


> 7) BA return
> 
> Section 6.1.8 says that a BA MUST be sent if the A bit is set, but it does not say what should happen if the A bit isn't set. Can a
> node send a BA if the A bit isn't set?


I removed the text in 6.1.8 about the BA, since there is more specific rules in the corresponding
behaviour sections later in the draft. For instance, a home agent always returns a BA regardless of the A bit
setting.


> 8) PadN
> 
> Would it be worthwhile to specify that the PadN bits must be zeroed?


Yes.


> 9) MaxRtAdvInterval
> 
> In Section 7.5, this number is defined to be 1.5 seconds, but there may be certain wireless links where periodic multicast router
> advertisements are unnecessary or expensive for reasons of spectral efficiency. I think the network administrator should have the
> option of configuring this off in such cases.


Yes.. we debated about this a while ago. I wonder if the current text is perhaps sufficient?
It does say after the recommendations that the limits MUST be configurable. Or perhaps you
are suggesting to turn it off completely. Yes, that capabability would be useful on some link
types.


> 10) Using the CoA
> 
> On pg. 94 in Section 11.2.1, the second bullet item allows the MN to use the CoA for certain communications, but I have a difficult
> time seeing how this could be done given the standard socket API. Perhaps this is not an issue for this spec, but it does need some
> consideration.


I believe we could (1) skip the description of the CoA usage and leave it as obvious for
implementors to figure out, avoiding the API discussion altogether, (2) include the current
text but add a note somewhere that this requires API support, or (3) leave this issue for
the general source address selection work. There's an IPv6 draft (becoming an RFC) on address
selection.. I wonder if it says anything about this subject...


> On the next page, the direct delivery option should mention that the described technique won't work without a Binding Cache entry or
> an IPsec SA.


Yes.


> 11) NS or RS?
> 
> On pg. 106, an NS message is recommended for probing the router, but wouldn't an RS be more appropriate, since the mobile node is
> interested in the router function?


Perhaps the NA messages are typically shorter than RA messages. Secondly, unreachability detection
in general uses NS/NA rather than RS/RA, even if we are tracking a router. Of course, here we are
going a bit beyond regular NUD, but still...


> 12) Value judgement on security infrastructure
> 
> In Section 14.2, pg. 130 contains a paragraph with a value judgement on whether security infrastructure might be deployable or not.
> It is too early to tell whether this value judgement is correct and, in any event, it does not belong in this specification. The
> infrastructureless approach can be motivated by the simple statement that deploying an IPsec security association between two
> arbitrary node in the Internet in the absence of a global PKI is a hard problem, and so a solution that does not require such was
> developed in the interests of maintaining the minimum requirements for deployable MIPv6. Whether or not an infrastructure based
> solution can be developed for some subproblem is an open question.


Yes.


> 13) References
> 
> The nonnormative references should be removed or converted into normative references.


Hmm... why? Other standards track RFCs appear to have normative and non-normative references,
see for instance the SIP, RFC 3261.

Jari




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul  9 05:57:23 2002
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Thanks Kevin for your comments. I assigned issue #56 for this.
Some discussion follows inline:


> 1. There still appears to be a minor bug in the description 
>    of how the DHAAD response is created. The addresses are 
>    ordered by decreasing Preference, and if the sender is 
>    the first in the list, its address should be omitted and 
>    the recipient will assume that the sender is most 
>    preferred. But there is also the provision for 
>    truncating the response if it exceeds max MTU. So, for 
>    example, if the sender is least preferred but its 
>    address gets truncated because of MTU size constraints, 
>    the recipient will incorrectly assume the sender to be 
>    most preferred. Since all this is specified using SHOULD 
>    and SHOULD NOT, an implementation can legitimately 
>    achieve approximately the intended behaviour by not 
>    doing what the I-D says, but the way it is currently 
>    described is an invitation to error. An obvious fix is 
>    to eliminate the 'bandwidth conservation' and explicitly 
>    transmit all addresses that will fit in the response.


I'm OK with this fix.


> 2. In section 9.4.1, it says: "If the Home Registration (H) 
>    bit is set in the Binding Update, the Binding Update is 
>    processed according to the procedure specified in 
>    Section 10.2; otherwise, it is processed according to 
>    the procedure specified in Section 9.4.2." 
>    Unfortunately, the context of this text implies that the 
>    Return Routeability procedure can be used to secure a 
>    Home Registration, which is not the case. Same problem 
>    with the next bullet, too. 


Right.


> 3. Sections 6.1.8 and 9.4.4 are inconsistent. The former 
>    says a BA does not use a routing header. The latter 
>    describes conditions under which it does.


I'm confused because 6.1.8 does talk about the routing header.
In any case, I'm suggesting we should delete the duplicate text
from sections 6.1.x and refer to the right place in the rest of
the draft for setting the addresses and headers.


> 4. Section 10.3 says "If the home agent does not reject the 
>    Binding Update as described above, then it MUST delete 
>    any existing entry in its Binding Cache for this mobile 
>    node, and proceed as follows." Should "any existing 
>    entry" read "all existing entries"? I.e., what are the 
>    semantics of the S bit in a deregistration? For example, 
>    is it permissible to register a set of addresses using 
>    S=0 and then individually deregister them with S=1?


I believe S=0 in a registration will create separate entries,
so you should be able to remove them individually. But the draft
is quiet on what semantics S bit has on deregistration. My proposal
is that it should have the same semantics, i.e. that you could also
do a S=0 deregistration to remove all of your bindings.


> Editorial:
> 
> 5. The document still has a few instances of "Binding 
>    Update option". Most, if not all, should read "Binding 
>    Update" or "Binding Update message.


Thanks. Fixed.


> 6. Repeated text on p64: "Subsequent checks depend on the 
>    particular Mobility Header message, as specified in 
>    Sections 9.3 and 9.4.  Subsequent checks depend on the 
>    particular Mobility Header message."


Fixed.

Jari






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        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 rev 18 - Editorial in chapter 8
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James Kempf wrote:

 > Jari,
 >
 > Thanx for the clarification.
 >
 > I think the draft needs to be clearer about this. Perhaps it could be stated in the requirements section.


Yes. In 8.1, I have made the following clarification:

    -  The node MUST be able to validate a Home Address option received
       in any IPv6 packet as described in Section 9.2.2.

=>

    -  The node MUST be able to process a Home Address option in any
       IPv6 packet, and validate the option using an IPsec SA, as
       described in Section 9.2.2.

And then addded a new item in 8.2:

    -  The node MUST be able validate a Home Address option using an
       existing Binding Cache entry, as described in Section 9.2.2.

Does this work for everyone? I assigned issue #54 for this.

Jari








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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> 
> I believe S=0 in a registration will create separate entries,
> so you should be able to remove them individually. But the draft
> is quiet on what semantics S bit has on deregistration. My proposal
> is that it should have the same semantics, i.e. that you could also
> do a S=0 deregistration to remove all of your bindings.

this is what is done in our implementation. when the HA receives
a deregistration BU with S=0, it removes all bindings for the
corresponding MN.

Vijay


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To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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Jari,

Just a few replies.

> Yes... perhaps we should go through the spec with this particular aspect in mind. Do you
> have any particular complaints about sections that don't do well in this aspect?
>

I've marked up the spec with some particular cases, and I have some others I could cite, but I think I would rather not take up list
bandwidth on it. I've cited the ones that I felt were most in need of attention in the original note, and can send others to you
offline if there will be a technical editing effort.

>
> Appendix A is, I believe, inline with the textual descriptions earlier. The question is if people
> feel that a relatively short description of states helps them understand what the protocol does,
> or if they will be reading only the text. How does the list feel about this? I'm ready to
> remove appendix A or make it part of earlier sections.
>

I feel comfortable with the state machine descriptions, but I think this is a question that implementors should answer.

> DNS SRV records might work, but I'm uncertain about DHCP. Wouldn't DHCP be deployed locally, in the visited domain?
> This would imply some relationship between the visited and home domains which we may not always want.
>

Like I said, I don't think now is the time to get into a discussion about what exactly these protocols could be. In the end, we may
actually come up with justification for inventing custom service discovery and/or address configuration protocols for Mobile IP. I
do think, however, these protocols are seperable from the basic routing change protocol, and therefore could easily be treated in a
separate document, thus reducing the bulk of the basic spec.

> Yes.. we debated about this a while ago. I wonder if the current text is perhaps sufficient?
> It does say after the recommendations that the limits MUST be configurable. Or perhaps you
> are suggesting to turn it off completely. Yes, that capabability would be useful on some link
> types.
>

It could say "and periodic advertisement MAY be turned off completely if desired if the network or mobile node supports solicited or
unsolicited unicast RAs upon detection of handover" or something like that.


> Perhaps the NA messages are typically shorter than RA messages. Secondly, unreachability detection
> in general uses NS/NA rather than RS/RA, even if we are tracking a router. Of course, here we are
> going a bit beyond regular NUD, but still...
>

OK.

> Hmm... why? Other standards track RFCs appear to have normative and non-normative references,
> see for instance the SIP, RFC 3261.
>

OK, I wasn't aware of the precedent. This must be new, the RFC editor never allowed nonnormative references before.

            jak



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Subject: [mobile-ip] BAR BOF to discuss alternate BU security mechanisms
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I've had a couple of positive responses on this, but one of the responders has a constraint of Sun. to Wed. So how does a night
session on Mon. at 9 PM sound? Meet at the IETF registration desk.


            jak



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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: BAR BOF to discuss alternate security algorithms
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Monday is the MIP group meeting, so we would need to move the meeting to after that. How about 22:00 (10 PM) on Monday, right after
the MIP meeting? We can meet in the MIP meeting room and proceed from there.

            jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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James Kempf wrote:

> 4) Alternate Care of Address?
> 
> Throughout the spec, there are occasional references to this, but I was unable to pin down exactly why this was there, and how it
> might be used by the HA. In Seamoby, there have been some proposals to use it for hosts that are in dormant mode, but I really
> couldn't tell whether it could be used from this spec. I think that a section should clearly explain why this was included in the
> spec, what this is, and when it can and can't be used. If the AltCoA can't be well motivated, it should be dropped.

I dont know exactly why it was introduced (was done a long time ago).
the general idea is that it is used when an MN wants to bind a HoA to 
CoA, but cant use the CoA as its source address (yet). I know this 
sounds a bit vague.

there is atleast one concrete use of AltCoA option. it has to be there
if the home registration BU is protected by ESP. thats the only way
the CoA can be protected if ESP is used. if AH or Binding Authorization 
Data (Section 6.2.7) is used to protect the BU, then the CoA as the 
IPv6 source address is protected automatically.

Vijay


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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
>
> Jari Arkko wrote:
>
> >
> > I believe S=0 in a registration will create separate entries,
> > so you should be able to remove them individually. But the draft
> > is quiet on what semantics S bit has on deregistration. My proposal
> > is that it should have the same semantics, i.e. that you could also
> > do a S=0 deregistration to remove all of your bindings.
>
> this is what is done in our implementation. when the HA receives
> a deregistration BU with S=0, it removes all bindings for the
> corresponding MN.
>
I agree that maintaining consistent semantics for S is most appropriate.

So, at the risk of stating the obvious, the intended behaviour is:-

S=0 achieves the same effect as a set of individual BUs with S=1, one for each
of the MN's home addresses. Each resulting BCE is then operated entirely
independently (own tunnel, with own SAs if necessary), except for subsequent BUs
in which S=0. Given that related BCEs may have been independently created with
S=1, an HA receiving a BU with S=0 (for update or deregistration) decides which
existing BCEs it applies to by matching IIDs alone. (I.e., it doesn't matter if
some BCEs have different CoAs, etc.)

Right?

Kevin.



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> I dont know exactly why it was introduced (was done a long time ago).
> the general idea is that it is used when an MN wants to bind a HoA to
> CoA, but cant use the CoA as its source address (yet). I know this
> sounds a bit vague.
>

It does sound a bit vague. I think there needs to be some stronger motivation, and a section that clearly specifies how the
AltCoA is used. Below sounds like a start on this.

> there is atleast one concrete use of AltCoA option. it has to be there
> if the home registration BU is protected by ESP. thats the only way
> the CoA can be protected if ESP is used. if AH or Binding Authorization
> Data (Section 6.2.7) is used to protect the BU, then the CoA as the
> IPv6 source address is protected automatically.
>

So it sounds like the MN sends the BU to the HA with ESP and with the AltCoA as the source address on the packet, is that
right?

I'm a little confused on this. I thought the security association with the HA was based on the home address so a packet
protected by ESP could be sent through a reverse tunnel.

            jak



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hi Jim,

James Kempf wrote:

> So it sounds like the MN sends the BU to the HA with ESP and with the AltCoA as the source address on the packet, is that
> right?

Home Registration BU, if protected by ESP, is protected in transport
mode. heres how the packet will look like

IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
Dst opt
   HoA
ESP hdr
Mobility Hdr
   Binding Update
      AltCoA option

here the IPv6 src and AltCoA contain the same address. without the
AltCoA option, the care-of address cannot be protected by the ESP hdr.

> I'm a little confused on this. I thought the security association with the HA was based on the home address so a packet
> protected by ESP could be sent through a reverse tunnel.

the security association with the HA is beased on the home address,
thats why you include a HAO. the reverse tunnel is used to send
packets to CNs through the HA. not to the HA itself.

if you want to send a home registration BU in ESP tunnel mode 

IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
Dst opt
    HoA
ESP hdr
IPv6 hdr (HoA, HA)
Mobility Hdr
    Binding Update
       AltCoA option

this packet has two disadvantages. 1) more bytes 2) by the time the 
inner packet is processed, the CoA is lost. the outer header is no
longer available. again you need an AltCoA option.

hope I am not missing anything.

regards
Vijay


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            *************************************************
            *******       FINAL CALL FOR PAPERS     *********
            *************************************************
            *               IEEE INFOCOM 2003               *
            *   The Conference on Computer Communications   *
            *                                               *
            *    March 30 - April 3, 2003, San Francisco    *
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            *    The 22nd Annual Joint Conference of the    *
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SCOPE
=====

The major conference on computer communications and networking is
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PROGRAM COMMITTEE CO-CHAIRS
===========================
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=20

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FINAL CALL FOR PARTICIPATION:

=20

Dear colleagues,

=20

we'd like to announce that the registration for the upcoming=20

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and Traffic Management (IP2002)" remains open until=20

18 July 2002.

=20

http://www.itcspecialistseminar.com/=20



Venue:      University of Wuerzburg, Department of Distributed Systems,=20

Wuerzburg, Germany.

Date:       July 22-24 2002.

=20

A registration form for the IP2002 workshop is available at:=20

=20

http://www.itcspecialistseminar.com/RegistrationForm.pdf

=20

=20

We are looking forward to welcome you in Wuerzburg.

Best Regards,

Phuoc Tran-Gia

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Klaus Heck, your IP2002 Organizing Team

=20


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<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
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<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT=20
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announce that the registration for the upcoming=20
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT =
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Specialist Seminar: "Internet Traffic Engineering=20
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT =
face=3DCourier>and Traffic=20
Management (IP2002)" remains open until =
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT =
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face=3DCourier>Venue:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; University of =
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<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt; TEXT-INDENT: =
35.4pt"><SPAN=20
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<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
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style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DCourier>A =
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form for the IP2002 workshop is available at:=20
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT=20
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style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT=20
face=3DCourier>http://www.itcspecialistseminar.com/RegistrationForm.pdf<o=
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style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT=20
face=3DCourier>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT=20
face=3DCourier>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT =
face=3DCourier>We are looking=20
forward to welcome you in Wuerzburg.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D2><FONT =
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style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New =
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face=3DCourier><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB style=3D"mso-ansi-language: =
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 10 14:08:31 2002
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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 11:07:30 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Kevin Miles <kmiles@cisco.com>
CC: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
References: <00b001c22823$40241c70$0401010a@emea.cisco.com>
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Kevin Miles wrote:

> I agree that maintaining consistent semantics for S is most appropriate.
> 
> So, at the risk of stating the obvious, the intended behaviour is:-
> 
> S=0 achieves the same effect as a set of individual BUs with S=1, one for each
> of the MN's home addresses. Each resulting BCE is then operated entirely
> independently (own tunnel, with own SAs if necessary), except for subsequent BUs
> in which S=0. Given that related BCEs may have been independently created with
> S=1, an HA receiving a BU with S=0 (for update or deregistration) decides which
> existing BCEs it applies to by matching IIDs alone. 

if BCEs are created independently, there will be corresponding 
independent entries in the MN's binding update list.

> (I.e., it doesn't matter if
> some BCEs have different CoAs, etc.)

why would the CoA be different? the MN must have updated all bindings
when it changed its CoA.

anyway, in our implementation, the binding cache entries created 
for a BU with S=0 are linked. there are pointers from the BCE
created for the HoA in the BU. I dont have to search all BCEs
with matching IIDs.


Vijay


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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 22:40:55 +0100
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> anyway, in our implementation, the binding cache entries created
> for a BU with S=0 are linked. there are pointers from the BCE
> created for the HoA in the BU. I dont have to search all BCEs
> with matching IIDs.
>
So if the BCEs were created independently with S=1, presumably they would not be
linked. In which case, a single deregistration BU with S=0 could not be used to
deregister them. Correct?

This is what I'm trying to get clarified. Is it permissible, under any
circumstances, for the MN to change the value of the S bit in successive BUs
that relate to the same binding(s)? I cannot see anything in the draft that
prohibits it. Currently, it would appear that an MN could use multiple BUs with
S=1 to selectively register certain addresses and then deregister them all with
a single BU with S=0.

As Jari observed, the draft is completely silent on the use of the S bit in
deregistrations and, for that matter, BUs that update an existing registration.

Kevin.



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Kevin Miles wrote:
> 
> Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> > anyway, in our implementation, the binding cache entries created
> > for a BU with S=0 are linked. there are pointers from the BCE
> > created for the HoA in the BU. I dont have to search all BCEs
> > with matching IIDs.
> >
> So if the BCEs were created independently with S=1, presumably they would not be
> linked. In which case, a single deregistration BU with S=0 could not be used to
> deregister them. Correct?

right (in our implementation).

> This is what I'm trying to get clarified. Is it permissible, under any
> circumstances, for the MN to change the value of the S bit in successive BUs
> that relate to the same binding(s)? I cannot see anything in the draft that
> prohibits it. Currently, it would appear that an MN could use multiple BUs with

IMO, it would be simpler if the draft prohibits it.

Vijay


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Hello,

We have some unresolved issues with the fast handover draft version 05
that was recently announced. Changes to the draft have yet to be run
by the WG and hence at this time we would like to continue the
discussion at the WG meeting in IETF54 based on draft version 04 which
is still the WG I-D. 

Please treat draft version 04 as the WG consensus document and the
basis for any discussion at this time.

Rajeev Koodli (Draft editor) will be running the proposed changes and
issues by the WG to obtain consensus before issuing the next version 
of the draft (i.e 05). 

-Chairs



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 10 21:44:06 2002
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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 18:43:10 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello folks,

here is a list of proposed changes to the fast handover
draft v04, meant to initiate discussion and arrive at
consensus. Please comment.

Thanks,

-Rajeev


the proposed revisions:

1. Always allow the MN to use its Previous CoA during
    handover to both send and receive IP packets

Change from v04: In v04, PCoA was used only when
 it was not acceptable to use a New CoA.

New Implications: NAR must always have a host route
entry for PCoA (until the MN begins to use NCoA). This
is in addition to the proxy neighbor cache entry that NAR
creates when NCoA is acceptable to use.

Result: The MN is able to send and receive IP packets
while it establishes itself as a Mobile IP end-point.


2. Allow a MN to send FBU to Previous AR to tunnel
    packets arriving at PCoA to NAR.

Change from v04: In v04, only an FBU sent with PCoA as
source IP address would cause packets to be tunneled to
NAR.

New implications:
a) If NAR has not received a HI, it SHOULD
forward FBU to PAR.
b) If PAR has not received PrRtSol, but receives an FBU,
 it SHOULD send a HI to NAR

Result: the protocol can be initiated after the MN establishes
connectivity with NAR.

3. Allow L2 triggers to used

Change from v04: Define generic, L2 independent constructs
(to be done).

New implications: define exact trigger formats elsewhere.
The handover messages should be able to operate transparently.
Introduce a Handover Solicit from NAR (when a trigger indicates
that the MN is attached to it) to PAR to request a HI ?

And, here are the new features

- the MN should be able to maintain uninterrupted IP connectivity
   (i.e., is able to send and receive IP packets) for its existing
   sessions while it expeditiously establishes itself as a Mobile IP
   end-point.
- during the Binding Update procedure, the MN uses its PCoA
    to send and receive IP packets
- the protocol can be initiated when the MN is on the old link
   (via RtSolPr/PrRtAdv) or on the new link (via FBU)



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 11 04:39:05 2002
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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> 
> Kevin Miles wrote:
> > 
<snip>
> 
> > This is what I'm trying to get clarified. Is it 
> permissible, under any
> > circumstances, for the MN to change the value of the S bit 
> in successive BUs
> > that relate to the same binding(s)? I cannot see anything 
> in the draft that
> > prohibits it. Currently, it would appear that an MN could 
> use multiple BUs with
> 
> IMO, it would be simpler if the draft prohibits it.
> 
Works for me.

Kevin.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 11 12:55:01 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 09:52:46 -0700
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Rajeev,

We implemented draft 04 and we feel that it was basically sound except it needed some editorial tightening. Therefore, the
rather drastic revision represented by 05 is not particularly helpful toward moving this forward. It is actually going back
to previous drafts, say 01, where many details were not as tightly specified as draft 04.

In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are critical for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to L2 triggers, we can discuss sanitizing them, but I
believe we had WG concensus to put this into the draft and I would like to see them back.

However, we have found that implementation is aided by having the specification be very precise about when L2 information is
needed and what information is needed. The FMIPv4 draft has this information in it, as does draft 04, and it has been very
useful in both our FMIPv4 and FMIPv6 implementations. Draft 5 does not contain sufficiently detailed information, especially
for Postregv6 but also for Preregv6. Many cases that will be common for particular link layers like standard 802.11 or
cellular are relegated to Section 4.1, the Error Cases. The detailed information on the relationship between L2 events and
FMIPv6 needs to be described somewhere. If the WG does not want it in this draft, then it must be in another.

Remarks on you comments below.

> 1. Always allow the MN to use its Previous CoA during
>     handover to both send and receive IP packets
>
> Change from v04: In v04, PCoA was used only when
>  it was not acceptable to use a New CoA.
>
> New Implications: NAR must always have a host route
> entry for PCoA (until the MN begins to use NCoA). This
> is in addition to the proxy neighbor cache entry that NAR
> creates when NCoA is acceptable to use.
>
> Result: The MN is able to send and receive IP packets
> while it establishes itself as a Mobile IP end-point.
>

OK.

>
> 2. Allow a MN to send FBU to Previous AR to tunnel
>     packets arriving at PCoA to NAR.
>
> Change from v04: In v04, only an FBU sent with PCoA as
> source IP address would cause packets to be tunneled to
> NAR.
>
> New implications:
> a) If NAR has not received a HI, it SHOULD
> forward FBU to PAR.
> b) If PAR has not received PrRtSol, but receives an FBU,
>  it SHOULD send a HI to NAR
>
> Result: the protocol can be initiated after the MN establishes
> connectivity with NAR.
>

OK.

But it must also be possible to do this in the absence of any prehandover signaling, for those link layers that specify no
standard prehandover L2 triggers. The current draft treats this as an error case, and it would not be clear to an
implementor on such a link layer that this would be possible and correct.


> 3. Allow L2 triggers to used
>
> Change from v04: Define generic, L2 independent constructs
> (to be done).
>
> New implications: define exact trigger formats elsewhere.
> The handover messages should be able to operate transparently.
> Introduce a Handover Solicit from NAR (when a trigger indicates
> that the MN is attached to it) to PAR to request a HI ?
>

The information about when the L2 information is used and where needs to be specified somewhere. This draft is not
sufficiently precise about that.

> And, here are the new features
>
> - the MN should be able to maintain uninterrupted IP connectivity
>    (i.e., is able to send and receive IP packets) for its existing
>    sessions while it expeditiously establishes itself as a Mobile IP
>    end-point.

Disagree about the word "connectivity." IP is not connection oriented. The issue is fixing the transient route failure caused
by the mobile node changing links.

> - during the Binding Update procedure, the MN uses its PCoA
>     to send and receive IP packets

Agree. But the removal of the L2 triggers information seemingly excludes Postreg, both mobile and network controlled.

> - the protocol can be initiated when the MN is on the old link
>    (via RtSolPr/PrRtAdv) or on the new link (via FBU)
>

Addition of initiation on the new link is a plus, but it is not clear from this description that this is allowed in the
general case. It is couched as an error case.


            jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Jim,

James Kempf wrote:

> In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are
> critical for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH) can be implemented.

It is possible to imagine a post-registration scheme for handovers
that does not use BETH.  For instance, one could send a Binding Update
to the previous access router, as is specified in the base draft.

> If there is some problem with too much reference to L2 triggers,
> we can discuss sanitizing them, but I believe we had WG concensus
> to put this into the draft and I would like to see them back.

I think we should characterize the layer-2 triggers by what action
they trigger (e.g., "Handover Solicitation Trigger", or
"Handover Initiate Trigger").  Then, we can point out in the
draft the actions that are taken when a layer-2 trigger happens.
This approach has the following benefits:

1) The protocol actions that are specified are layer-2 actions.
2) The layer 2 triggers can arise from whatever layer 2 satisfies
   the appropriate timing conditions
3) We can identify what layer-3 protocol actions are displaced by
   the availability of the layer-2 triggers.


Regards,
Charlie P.


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Subject: MISTAKE! Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello folks,

I made a drastic typo in my previous note!

"Charles E. Perkins" wrote:

..............

> I think we should characterize the layer-2 triggers by what action
> they trigger (e.g., "Handover Solicitation Trigger", or
> "Handover Initiate Trigger").  Then, we can point out in the
> draft the actions that are taken when a layer-2 trigger happens.
> This approach has the following benefits:
> 
> 1) The protocol actions that are specified are layer-2 actions.

I meant, "layer-3" actions!!!

> 2) The layer 2 triggers can arise from whatever layer 2 satisfies
>    the appropriate timing conditions
> 3) We can identify what layer-3 protocol actions are displaced by
>    the availability of the layer-2 triggers.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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Hello Jim,


James Kempf wrote:

> Rajeev,
>
> We implemented draft 04 and we feel that it was basically sound except it needed some editorial tightening. Therefore, the
> rather drastic revision represented by 05 is not particularly helpful toward moving this forward. It is actually going back to
> previous drafts, say 01, where many details were not as tightly specified as draft 04.
>

You didn't exactly say what _proposed_ change is drastic. I have itemized the
changes below under issues. Please comment on them.


>
> In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are critical for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH) can
> be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to L2 triggers, we can discuss sanitizing them, but Ibelieve
> we had WG concensus to put this into the draft and I would like to see them back.
>

Ok. Let's discuss how to accommodate L2 triggers _without_  normative dependency on
all link types that do and don't have such things. Do you have a proposal ?
I would like to be able to define generic constructs that can serve as triggers for the
protocol to be initiated.

>
> However, we have found that implementation is aided by having the specification be very precise about when L2 information is
> needed and what information is needed. The FMIPv4 draft has this information in it, as does draft 04, and it has been very
> useful in both our FMIPv4 and FMIPv6 implementations. Draft 5 does not contain sufficiently detailed information, especially
> for Postregv6 but also for Preregv6. Many cases that will be common for particular link layers like standard 802.11 or
> cellular are relegated to Section 4.1, the Error Cases. The detailed information on the relationship between L2 events and
> FMIPv6 needs to be described somewhere. If the WG does not want it in this draft, then it must be in another.

Let's seek the WG opinion on this. I think the base protocol should concern itself
with IP messages while allowing any L2 feature to be used. The base protocol itself
could define generic L2 constructs that can initiate the protocol operation.

Others ?


>
>
>
> But it must also be possible to do this in the absence of any prehandover signaling, for those link layers that specify no
> standard prehandover L2 triggers. The current draft treats this as an error case, and it would not be clear to an
> implementor on such a link layer that this would be possible and correct.

The reason for this is that proposed v05 is an adaptation of v04, in which
a MN attempts to send an FBU prior to moving.
Also, an implementor has to read the Error cases if he/she wishes to
implement a robust protocol.

If the WG agrees that the text should be under a different section,
that's fine with me.


>
>
> > 3. Allow L2 triggers to used
> >
> > Change from v04: Define generic, L2 independent constructs
> > (to be done).
> >
> > New implications: define exact trigger formats elsewhere.
> > The handover messages should be able to operate transparently.
> > Introduce a Handover Solicit from NAR (when a trigger indicates
> > that the MN is attached to it) to PAR to request a HI ?
> >
>
> The information about when the L2 information is used and where needs to be specified somewhere. This draft is not
> sufficiently precise about that.
>

Ok. What does the rest of the WG think about what L2 specific
information should be in the draft ?


>
> > And, here are the new features
> >
> > - the MN should be able to maintain uninterrupted IP connectivity
> >    (i.e., is able to send and receive IP packets) for its existing
> >    sessions while it expeditiously establishes itself as a Mobile IP
> >    end-point.
>
> Disagree about the word "connectivity." IP is not connection oriented. The issue is fixing the transient route failure caused
> by the mobile node changing links.

I don't see how "IP connectivity" translates to "IP is a connection oriented protocol".
"Internet connectivity" does not translate to "Internet is connection oriented", does it ?
Anyway, the parenthesis should help.
What do others think ?


>
>
> > - during the Binding Update procedure, the MN uses its PCoA
> >     to send and receive IP packets
>
> Agree. But the removal of the L2 triggers information seemingly excludes Postreg, both mobile and network controlled.
>

I didn't see the connection between the two on this bullet..

>
> > - the protocol can be initiated when the MN is on the old link
> >    (via RtSolPr/PrRtAdv) or on the new link (via FBU)
> >
>
> Addition of initiation on the new link is a plus, but it is not clear from this description that this is allowed in the
> general case. It is couched as an error case.
>

Ok. I can include text that allows specific usage.

-Rajeev


>
>             jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Charlie,

> It is possible to imagine a post-registration scheme for handovers
> that does not use BETH.  For instance, one could send a Binding Update
> to the previous access router, as is specified in the base draft.
>

It is not only possible to imagine, but critical to have in the draft. Some link layers may not support access point or
router triggers, nor any prehandover triggering at all, so the option must be there.

The problem with draft 05 is that this case is not clearly specified as a valid option. It is only specified as an error
case. It is not an option in the current WG draft, and that needs to be fixed.

But, additionally, there must be protocol to support when triggers are available just on the access point or router, or when
these triggers will provide the best performance. Our experience is that these typically get the best performance for low
bandwidth, high latency links, such as are used for WAN cellular voice traffic (which is why we are interested). The draft 05
doesn't clearly specify these cases, whereas Sections 3.3 and 3.4 in the current WG draft do.

> I think we should characterize the layer-2 triggers by what action
> they trigger (e.g., "Handover Solicitation Trigger", or
> "Handover Initiate Trigger").  Then, we can point out in the
> draft the actions that are taken when a layer-2 trigger happens.
> This approach has the following benefits:
>
> 1) The protocol actions that are specified are layer-2 actions.
> 2) The layer 2 triggers can arise from whatever layer 2 satisfies
>    the appropriate timing conditions
> 3) We can identify what layer-3 protocol actions are displaced by
>    the availability of the layer-2 triggers.
>
>

In addition:

4) What information is provided by layer 2 to layer 3.

We would need to discuss the actual wording but in principle this is what draft-manyfolks-l2-req-xx.txt is trying to do.

            jak




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1. The requirements for IPv6 routers and nodes would be better addressed
in a separate ID. Similarly the security issues (i.e. BU authentication
etc.) can also be better addressed in a separate ID.
2. A justification for "return routability" as the way it is done with
HoTI/HoT and CoTI/CoT should be there.  Also some details about why both
HoTI and CoTI are needed, rather than just HoTI.
3. The various conceptual data structures in HA, MN, and CN would be
better described through pictures.
4. The BCE of the CN is indexed by the home-address of the MN.  The spec
as it is now allows link-local addresses. So is there a possibility that
two MN's may end up having the same l-l address in a CN?
5. In a hypothetical situation, a MN may visit a foreign network and
acquires the same CoA address and the l-l HoA.  Is it a possibility? Are
CoA's always global?

Subrata



-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com] On Behalf Of Kevin Miles
Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 1:38 AM
To: 'Vijay Devarapalli'
Cc: 'Jari Arkko'; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments

Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> 
> Kevin Miles wrote:
> > 
<snip>
> 
> > This is what I'm trying to get clarified. Is it 
> permissible, under any
> > circumstances, for the MN to change the value of the S bit 
> in successive BUs
> > that relate to the same binding(s)? I cannot see anything 
> in the draft that
> > prohibits it. Currently, it would appear that an MN could 
> use multiple BUs with
> 
> IMO, it would be simpler if the draft prohibits it.
> 
Works for me.

Kevin.



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To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
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References: <3D2CE2AE.715A0F9F@iprg.nokia.com> <011101c228fb$61f84c80$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D2DC3CF.DF289243@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Rajeev,

> You didn't exactly say what _proposed_ change is drastic. I have itemized the
> changes below under issues. Please comment on them.
>

Below is an itemized list of what was removed in draft 05 which we found valuable in or *complete* implemetation of the
current working group draft. In particular, there were a couple important issues that came up in WG discussion which we have
spent lots of time and design cycles on trying to solve which have been ignored or fuzzed over in the current draft but were
clearly if perhaps inaccurately specified in the previous draft:

Draft 05 is missing Sections 3.4 and 3.5 as mentioned. All the protocol support for source and target triggered network
handover has been removed from the message formats.

Sections 3.1: This contains important details about the linking between particular kinds of L2 handover sequencing
information and Preregv6 signaling. This was invaluable for our implementation.

Section 3.5: Tunnel termination conditions. As I recall from the mailing list discussion a year and a half ago (we can check
the archives) this was a hot issue when tunnel based handover was initially introduced into the draft. We've done lots of
work in our implementation to make this possible, in order to conserve access router resources, and we have some suggested
changes to the current WG draft on this. Draft 05 dodges the issue completely by specifying that the tunnel just times out.

Section 4: Interoperability between Prereg and Postreg was another hot issue. We've done lots of work in our implementation
on this, and we now have what we think is a workable interoperability solution. This was completely eliminated from draft 05.

Section 6: Draft 05 removes important details about handling error cases, which are necessary for implementation. We have
additional details that came out of our implemetation effort which are not included in draft 05. Draft 05 also makes cases
that are normal for particular link layers into error cases.

Section 8: Here is what draft 05 has to say about security (from Section 3, Paragraph 3):

        In order to ensure that the target of traffic redirection is not an unsuspecting innocent host, the PAR has to
       determine that the target address belongs to NAR, with which PAR has trust relationships. The
       PAR takes these precautions before it associates PCoA with another address.

This is not sufficient to secure the protocol. Draft 05 Section 9, Security Considerations, is similarly vague about what
must be done. Section 8 in the current WG draft isn't sufficiently precise either, but if draft 05 is supposed to move the
current WG draft forward, then it should be more precise. Instead, draft 05 removes the framework about how to secure the
protocol for network and mobile triggered handover.

Prior to your issuing draft 05, I offered to send you a list of the changes we saw required in the current working group
draft that came out of our implementation experince, but you recommended that I wait until after you had issued draft 05. I
agreed thinking that minor editorial changes would be made in the current WG draft, as is fairly typical with WG drafts at
this stage (two years on) of development, but I was suprised to find, when draft 05 came out, that it was a complete rewrite
removing many important details (which I have outlined above) that were important to our implementation, such that it would
be very difficult to map the changes we saw needed in the current working group draft to draft 05.

Frankly, after two years of working on this protocol, I had thought the draft text had settled down to a state in which it
was implementable with minor changes. Drastically rewriting the draft was unnecessary to introduce the material you describe
in the list below.

What do other people in the WG think (if anybody cares)? Do we need a complete rewrite of this draft?

>
> >
> > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are critical for describing how Postregv6 (aka
BETH) can
> > be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to L2 triggers, we can discuss sanitizing them, but
Ibelieve
> > we had WG concensus to put this into the draft and I would like to see them back.
> >
>
> Ok. Let's discuss how to accommodate L2 triggers _without_  normative dependency on
> all link types that do and don't have such things. Do you have a proposal ?
> I would like to be able to define generic constructs that can serve as triggers for the
> protocol to be initiated.
>

It is not clear that there is WG concensus for removing L2 specific event descriptions from the draft. We have been
discussing a L2 triggers draft, and we could put this information into the draft as we did for FMIPv4.

I would like for us to start with the current WG draft and use that as a base for figuring out what should be done. Draft 05
has eliminated too many details to make it useful. Perhaps we can come up with something based on the current WG draft that
describes how L2 events are utilized that is acceptable to you.

> > Disagree about the word "connectivity." IP is not connection oriented. The issue is fixing the transient route failure
caused
> > by the mobile node changing links.
>
> I don't see how "IP connectivity" translates to "IP is a connection oriented protocol".
> "Internet connectivity" does not translate to "Internet is connection oriented", does it ?
> Anyway, the parenthesis should help.

What's happening is a change in routing. One needs to be precise about this. There is no connection-oriented context being
set up.


> > > - during the Binding Update procedure, the MN uses its PCoA
> > >     to send and receive IP packets
> >
> > Agree. But the removal of the L2 triggers information seemingly excludes Postreg, both mobile and network controlled.
> >
>
> I didn't see the connection between the two on this bullet..
>

The text in draft 05 is not sufficiently clear or precise to present this as an option to an implementor. It looks like every
handover must consist of Preregv6 signaling, even if that is impossible to do on a particular link layer.

            jak





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From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Jim,

newlines inserted for shorter linewidths, hope that's O.K.
Plus I fixed my typo.


James Kempf wrote:

> But, additionally, there must be protocol to support when triggers
> are available just on the access point or router, or when
> these triggers will provide the best performance. Our experience
> is that these typically get the best performance for low
> bandwidth, high latency links, such as are used for WAN cellular
> voice traffic (which is why we are interested).

Not all protocol is layer-3 protocol.  Often, layer-2
triggers trigger actions that are layer-2 actions, but
have no layer-3 effects.  This is true especially for some
of the sorts of cellular handovers that I am familiar with,
and I wouldn't expect much controversy.  But we ought to
be careful to use layer-3 controls just where they are needed.

>> I think we should characterize the layer-2 triggers by what action
>> they trigger (e.g., "Handover Solicitation Trigger", or
>> "Handover Initiate Trigger").  Then, we can point out in the
>> draft the actions that are taken when a layer-2 trigger happens.
>> This approach has the following benefits:
>>
>> 1) The protocol actions that are specified are layer-3 actions.
>> 2) The layer 2 triggers can arise from whatever layer 2 satisfies
>>    the appropriate timing conditions
>> 3) We can identify what layer-3 protocol actions are displaced by
>>    the availability of the layer-2 triggers.
>>
>>
> 
> In addition:
> 
> 4) What information is provided by layer 2 to layer 3.

Agreed.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        James Kempf
	 <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Rajeev,
Please find my inline comments.
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 12:44 PM
To: James Kempf
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


Hello Jim,


James Kempf wrote:

> Rajeev,
>
> We implemented draft 04 and we feel that it was basically sound except it needed some editorial tightening. Therefore, the
> rather drastic revision represented by 05 is not particularly helpful toward moving this forward. It is actually going back to
> previous drafts, say 01, where many details were not as tightly specified as draft 04.
>

You didn't exactly say what _proposed_ change is drastic. I have itemized the
changes below under issues. Please comment on them.


>
> In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are critical for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH) can
> be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to L2 triggers, we can discuss sanitizing them, but Ibelieve
> we had WG concensus to put this into the draft and I would like to see them back.
>

Ok. Let's discuss how to accommodate L2 triggers _without_  normative dependency on
all link types that do and don't have such things. Do you have a proposal ?
I would like to be able to define generic constructs that can serve as triggers for the
protocol to be initiated.

Ajoy: L2 trigger is an abstraction. I do not think we need to provide references to 
specific link layers.

>
> However, we have found that implementation is aided by having the specification be very precise about when L2 information is
> needed and what information is needed. The FMIPv4 draft has this information in it, as does draft 04, and it has been very
> useful in both our FMIPv4 and FMIPv6 implementations. Draft 5 does not contain sufficiently detailed information, especially
> for Postregv6 but also for Preregv6. Many cases that will be common for particular link layers like standard 802.11 or
> cellular are relegated to Section 4.1, the Error Cases. The detailed information on the relationship between L2 events and
> FMIPv6 needs to be described somewhere. If the WG does not want it in this draft, then it must be in another.

Let's seek the WG opinion on this. I think the base protocol should concern itself
with IP messages while allowing any L2 feature to be used. The base protocol itself
could define generic L2 constructs that can initiate the protocol operation.

Others ?

Ajoy-> We already had WG consensus about this. As per cancerous, it was decided that BETH 
will be included in base FMIPV6 draft. So, I do not see why are you asking such questions 
again?
>
>
>
> But it must also be possible to do this in the absence of any prehandover signaling, for those link layers that specify no
> standard prehandover L2 triggers. The current draft treats this as an error case, and it would not be clear to an
> implementor on such a link layer that this would be possible and correct.

The reason for this is that proposed v05 is an adaptation of v04, in which
a MN attempts to send an FBU prior to moving.
Also, an implementor has to read the Error cases if he/she wishes to
implement a robust protocol.

If the WG agrees that the text should be under a different section,
that's fine with me.


>
>
> > 3. Allow L2 triggers to used
> >
> > Change from v04: Define generic, L2 independent constructs
> > (to be done).
> >
> > New implications: define exact trigger formats elsewhere.
> > The handover messages should be able to operate transparently.
> > Introduce a Handover Solicit from NAR (when a trigger indicates
> > that the MN is attached to it) to PAR to request a HI ?
> >
>
> The information about when the L2 information is used and where needs to be specified somewhere. This draft is not
> sufficiently precise about that.
>

Ok. What does the rest of the WG think about what L2 specific
information should be in the draft ?


>
> > And, here are the new features
> >
> > - the MN should be able to maintain uninterrupted IP connectivity
> >    (i.e., is able to send and receive IP packets) for its existing
> >    sessions while it expeditiously establishes itself as a Mobile IP
> >    end-point.
>
> Disagree about the word "connectivity." IP is not connection oriented. The issue is fixing the transient route failure caused
> by the mobile node changing links.

I don't see how "IP connectivity" translates to "IP is a connection oriented protocol".
"Internet connectivity" does not translate to "Internet is connection oriented", does it ?
Anyway, the parenthesis should help.
What do others think ?


>
>
> > - during the Binding Update procedure, the MN uses its PCoA
> >     to send and receive IP packets
>
> Agree. But the removal of the L2 triggers information seemingly excludes Postreg, both mobile and network controlled.
>

I didn't see the connection between the two on this bullet..

>
> > - the protocol can be initiated when the MN is on the old link
> >    (via RtSolPr/PrRtAdv) or on the new link (via FBU)
> >
>
> Addition of initiation on the new link is a plus, but it is not clear from this description that this is allowed in the
> general case. It is couched as an error case.
>

Ok. I can include text that allows specific usage.

-Rajeev


>
>             jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 11 15:07:04 2002
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To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hi Charlie,

> It is possible to imagine a post-registration scheme for handovers
> that does not use BETH.  For instance, one could send a Binding Update
> to the previous access router, as is specified in the base draft.

Actually we worked out a protocol that basically does this.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt

This is a stand alone solution itself. It doesn't require anything
but a link-up trigger. A similar approach was presented in the
base draft, as an error case handling. We, the authors, believe
that this can be worked into a complete solution, but of course
there were some details that needed to be worked out (which
the fmipv6 draft missed).

Cheers,

alper




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hi Charlie,

> Not all protocol is layer-3 protocol.  Often, layer-2
> triggers trigger actions that are layer-2 actions, but
> have no layer-3 effects.  This is true especially for some
> of the sorts of cellular handovers that I am familiar with,
> and I wouldn't expect much controversy.  But we ought to
> be careful to use layer-3 controls just where they are needed.
>

No disagreement there.

> >> 1) The protocol actions that are specified are layer-3 actions.

The problem here is that Layer 3 needs to know what is going on at Layer 2. So there needs to be a specification of what the
event is at Layer 2 that is triggering the protocol action at Layer 3. For example:

    Layer 2                               Layer 3
    ............                              .............

 Link goes down          Start tunneling packets to NAR

Is this what you have in mind?

                jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 11 20:19:37 2002
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hi,

"Dr. Subrata Goswami" wrote:

> 4. The BCE of the CN is indexed by the home-address of the MN.  The spec
> as it is now allows link-local addresses. So is there a possibility that
> two MN's may end up having the same l-l address in a CN?

I dont understand this. how did the link local address of the MN
reach the CN? a binding cache entry for a link local address would
exist only on a Home Agent. not on the CN.

> 5. In a hypothetical situation, a MN may visit a foreign network and
> acquires the same CoA address and the l-l HoA.  Is it a possibility? Are
> CoA's always global?

yes. they are! the CoA is configured when the MN receives a router 
advert in the foreign network.

Vijay


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 11 20:22:26 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Rajeev,

> this is a proposal to define the base protocol with IP messages
> alone while allowing L2 triggers to be used. The intention was not
> to take out anything without seeking consensus. A message from
> the chairs yesterday indicated that v04 is the reference document
> and v05 would be updated based on the WG discussion and consensus
> on proposed changes.
>

That's not how I read Raj's note. Raj's note says that draft 04 is the concensus document, and draft 05 will be issued based
on discussion of the currently proposed strawman draft that you issued, and concensus resolution to the list of issues. That
does not necessarily mean that changes will be merged into the current strawman, IHMO. It could equally mean that changes
from the strawman are merged into draft 04, which is what I maintain should be done (based on our success using draft 04 for
implementation, and my lack of confidence that that would be possible, without massive revision, on the current strawman).

Perhaps the WG chairs can clarify.

> So, what is here is a list of proposed changes. I am proposing that the base
> document should define generic L2 constructs that trigger protocol
> operation. The exact format definitions, which depend on particular
> link layers, should be spcified elsewhere.
>

Please point out to me in draft 04 where there are specific formats based on specific L2s.

> I am willing to revise the draft by accommodating whatever the WG
> desires. That's what I have to do. Would you like to help ? If yes, and
> I hope you would, we may start by defining the generic L2 trigger
> definitions that Charlie indicated and ensure that the base draft is
> independent of specific L2 features. Is this acceptable ?
>

I am certainly willing to help, in fact, I am co-author on a draft, draft-manyfolks-l2-req-xx.txt, which does precisely this.
But so far this draft has not got a lot of traction in IETF, which is why I think we may have to describe the coupling
between the handover protocol and L2 directly in the handover document. The coupling description doesn't have to be for a
specific L2, but can be similar to the email Charlie and I exchanged. Then, in separate documents, the exact implementation
on a particular link layer can be described, with the exact L2 protocol.

I really don't think our disagreement has to do with how to incorporate L2 specific information. I think the disagreement is
about whether the current strawman draft 5 contains the kinds of implementation details that were so important to our
implementation effort, especially for Postregv6/BETH, that are in draft 4. I don't see that level of detail, but rather, I
see another year of trying to implement from the draft and trying to get the details up to where they were in draft 4.

So I think a more fruitful course would be to take the new and important changes, like being able to send FBU after handover,
and folding them into draft 4.

            jak





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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: FW: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 17:21:09 -0700
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Hi Vijay, I was referring to the following in section 9.1.

"Each Binding Cache entry conceptually contains the following fields:

    -  The home address of the mobile node for which this is the Binding
       Cache entry.  This field is used as the key for searching the
       ........................."

Subrata


-----Original Message-----
From: vijayd@darkstar.iprg.nokia.com
[mailto:vijayd@darkstar.iprg.nokia.com] On Behalf Of Vijay Devarapalli
Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 5:11 PM
To: Dr. Subrata Goswami
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt

hi,

"Dr. Subrata Goswami" wrote:

> 4. The BCE of the CN is indexed by the home-address of the MN.  The
spec
> as it is now allows link-local addresses. So is there a possibility
that
> two MN's may end up having the same l-l address in a CN?

I dont understand this. how did the link local address of the MN
reach the CN? a binding cache entry for a link local address would
exist only on a Home Agent. not on the CN.

> 5. In a hypothetical situation, a MN may visit a foreign network and
> acquires the same CoA address and the l-l HoA.  Is it a possibility?
Are
> CoA's always global?

yes. they are! the CoA is configured when the MN receives a router 
advert in the foreign network.

Vijay



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Hello Jim,

this is a proposal to define the base protocol with IP messages
alone while allowing L2 triggers to be used. The intention was not
to take out anything without seeking consensus. A message from
the chairs yesterday indicated that v04 is the reference document
and v05 would be updated based on the WG discussion and consensus
on proposed changes.

So, what is here is a list of proposed changes. I am proposing that the base
document should define generic L2 constructs that trigger protocol
operation. The exact format definitions, which depend on particular
link layers, should be spcified elsewhere.

I am willing to revise the draft by accommodating whatever the WG
desires. That's what I have to do. Would you like to help ? If yes, and
I hope you would, we may start by defining the generic L2 trigger
definitions that Charlie indicated and ensure that the base draft is
independent of specific L2 features. Is this acceptable ?

-Rajeev


James Kempf wrote:

> Rajeev,
>
> > You didn't exactly say what _proposed_ change is drastic. I have itemized the
> > changes below under issues. Please comment on them.
> >
>
> Below is an itemized list of what was removed in draft 05 which we found valuable in or *complete* implemetation of the
> current working group draft. In particular, there were a couple important issues that came up in WG discussion which we have
> spent lots of time and design cycles on trying to solve which have been ignored or fuzzed over in the current draft but were
> clearly if perhaps inaccurately specified in the previous draft:
>
> Draft 05 is missing Sections 3.4 and 3.5 as mentioned. All the protocol support for source and target triggered network
> handover has been removed from the message formats.
>
> Sections 3.1: This contains important details about the linking between particular kinds of L2 handover sequencing
> information and Preregv6 signaling. This was invaluable for our implementation.
>
> Section 3.5: Tunnel termination conditions. As I recall from the mailing list discussion a year and a half ago (we can check
> the archives) this was a hot issue when tunnel based handover was initially introduced into the draft. We've done lots of
> work in our implementation to make this possible, in order to conserve access router resources, and we have some suggested
> changes to the current WG draft on this. Draft 05 dodges the issue completely by specifying that the tunnel just times out.
>
> Section 4: Interoperability between Prereg and Postreg was another hot issue. We've done lots of work in our implementation
> on this, and we now have what we think is a workable interoperability solution. This was completely eliminated from draft 05.
>
> Section 6: Draft 05 removes important details about handling error cases, which are necessary for implementation. We have
> additional details that came out of our implemetation effort which are not included in draft 05. Draft 05 also makes cases
> that are normal for particular link layers into error cases.
>
> Section 8: Here is what draft 05 has to say about security (from Section 3, Paragraph 3):
>
>         In order to ensure that the target of traffic redirection is not an unsuspecting innocent host, the PAR has to
>        determine that the target address belongs to NAR, with which PAR has trust relationships. The
>        PAR takes these precautions before it associates PCoA with another address.
>
> This is not sufficient to secure the protocol. Draft 05 Section 9, Security Considerations, is similarly vague about what
> must be done. Section 8 in the current WG draft isn't sufficiently precise either, but if draft 05 is supposed to move the
> current WG draft forward, then it should be more precise. Instead, draft 05 removes the framework about how to secure the
> protocol for network and mobile triggered handover.
>
> Prior to your issuing draft 05, I offered to send you a list of the changes we saw required in the current working group
> draft that came out of our implementation experince, but you recommended that I wait until after you had issued draft 05. I
> agreed thinking that minor editorial changes would be made in the current WG draft, as is fairly typical with WG drafts at
> this stage (two years on) of development, but I was suprised to find, when draft 05 came out, that it was a complete rewrite
> removing many important details (which I have outlined above) that were important to our implementation, such that it would
> be very difficult to map the changes we saw needed in the current working group draft to draft 05.
>
> Frankly, after two years of working on this protocol, I had thought the draft text had settled down to a state in which it
> was implementable with minor changes. Drastically rewriting the draft was unnecessary to introduce the material you describe
> in the list below.
>
> What do other people in the WG think (if anybody cares)? Do we need a complete rewrite of this draft?
>
> >
> > >
> > > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are critical for describing how Postregv6 (aka
> BETH) can
> > > be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to L2 triggers, we can discuss sanitizing them, but
> Ibelieve
> > > we had WG concensus to put this into the draft and I would like to see them back.
> > >
> >
> > Ok. Let's discuss how to accommodate L2 triggers _without_  normative dependency on
> > all link types that do and don't have such things. Do you have a proposal ?
> > I would like to be able to define generic constructs that can serve as triggers for the
> > protocol to be initiated.
> >
>
> It is not clear that there is WG concensus for removing L2 specific event descriptions from the draft. We have been
> discussing a L2 triggers draft, and we could put this information into the draft as we did for FMIPv4.
>
> I would like for us to start with the current WG draft and use that as a base for figuring out what should be done. Draft 05
> has eliminated too many details to make it useful. Perhaps we can come up with something based on the current WG draft that
> describes how L2 events are utilized that is acceptable to you.
>
> > > Disagree about the word "connectivity." IP is not connection oriented. The issue is fixing the transient route failure
> caused
> > > by the mobile node changing links.
> >
> > I don't see how "IP connectivity" translates to "IP is a connection oriented protocol".
> > "Internet connectivity" does not translate to "Internet is connection oriented", does it ?
> > Anyway, the parenthesis should help.
>
> What's happening is a change in routing. One needs to be precise about this. There is no connection-oriented context being
> set up.
>
> > > > - during the Binding Update procedure, the MN uses its PCoA
> > > >     to send and receive IP packets
> > >
> > > Agree. But the removal of the L2 triggers information seemingly excludes Postreg, both mobile and network controlled.
> > >
> >
> > I didn't see the connection between the two on this bullet..
> >
>
> The text in draft 05 is not sufficiently clear or precise to present this as an option to an implementor. It looks like every
> handover must consist of Preregv6 signaling, even if that is impossible to do on a particular link layer.
>
>             jak



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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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hi Jim,

I formatted your text a bit. they were wrapping around too much.

James Kempf wrote:
> 
> Rajeev,
> 
> We implemented draft 04 and we feel that it was basically sound except 
> it needed some editorial tightening. Therefore, the
> rather drastic revision represented by 05 is not particularly helpful toward 
> moving this forward. It is actually going back
> to previous drafts, say 01, where many details were not as tightly specified as 
> draft 04.

this is an extremely unreasonable statement to make. I went through
draft 5. having been one of the two persons who has implemented
draft 4, there is nothing missing in draft 5 for doing fast handovers
that was in draft 4. the only thing that is missing is how to do tunnel
handovers based on some L2 triggers. infact draft 5 simplifies so
many things by eliminating too many different handover scenarios in
draft 4. draft 4 was a nightmare to implement and interoperate 
(sorry Gopal, you were not to blame). ask Jon Wood and Alper Yegin. 
they were there. we spent 4 days at Connectathon 2002 and could do 
only a fraction of testing that we wanted to do. we didnt have one
complete successful handover :(

IMO, it is a big joke if somebody says draft 4 was better than draft
5 when it comes to implementing FMIPv6.

> In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are critical
> for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to L2 

Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work. 
BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our 
testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
not even have a permanent home (WG).

can you do Postregv6 without using L2 triggers? it can be done
in draft 5.

> triggers, we can discuss sanitizing them, but I

this is better. if there is some way we can do this, we should do
this. not put L2 stuff in the draft.

> useful in both our FMIPv4 and FMIPv6 implementations. Draft 5 does not contain
> sufficiently detailed information, especially
> for Postregv6 but also for Preregv6. Many cases that will be common for particular 

that is something which can be fixed if you feel it is not there.
anyway IMO, draft 5 does both Postregv6 and Preregv6. and I 
certainly dont agree that it does not have enough information for 
implementing Preregv6

> But it must also be possible to do this in the absence of any prehandover
> signaling, for those link layers that specify no
> standard prehandover L2 triggers. The current draft treats this as an error case,
> and it would not be clear to an
> implementor on such a link layer that this would be possible and correct.

this can be explicitly specified. I dont see a problem in it.

> > - during the Binding Update procedure, the MN uses its PCoA
> >     to send and receive IP packets
> 
> Agree. But the removal of the L2 triggers information seemingly excludes Postreg,
> both mobile and network controlled.

no. Postreg can be done without L2 triggers.

> Addition of initiation on the new link is a plus, but it is not clear from this
> description that this is allowed in the
> general case. It is couched as an error case.

again this is something which can be clarified.

regards
Vijay


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as I told you earlier, a BCE for a link local address would not exist 
on a CN. maybe this should be clarified if it not clear in the draft.

and regarding the earlier message, the Home Agent defends the link
local address of the MN (if the L bit was set in the BU). that does
not mean there exists a binding cache entry for the link local 
address at the Home Agent. 

Vijay


Subrata Goswami wrote:
> 
> Hi Vijay, I was referring to the following in section 9.1.
> 
> "Each Binding Cache entry conceptually contains the following fields:
> 
>     -  The home address of the mobile node for which this is the Binding
>        Cache entry.  This field is used as the key for searching the
>        ........................."
> 
> Subrata
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: vijayd@darkstar.iprg.nokia.com
> [mailto:vijayd@darkstar.iprg.nokia.com] On Behalf Of Vijay Devarapalli
> Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 5:11 PM
> To: Dr. Subrata Goswami
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
> 
> hi,
> 
> "Dr. Subrata Goswami" wrote:
> 
> > 4. The BCE of the CN is indexed by the home-address of the MN.  The
> spec
> > as it is now allows link-local addresses. So is there a possibility
> that
> > two MN's may end up having the same l-l address in a CN?
> 
> I dont understand this. how did the link local address of the MN
> reach the CN? a binding cache entry for a link local address would
> exist only on a Home Agent. not on the CN.
> 
> > 5. In a hypothetical situation, a MN may visit a foreign network and
> > acquires the same CoA address and the l-l HoA.  Is it a possibility?
> Are
> > CoA's always global?
> 
> yes. they are! the CoA is configured when the MN receives a router
> advert in the foreign network.
> 
> Vijay


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Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 17:54:38 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
CC: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
        James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
References: <3D2CE2AE.715A0F9F@iprg.nokia.com> <011101c228fb$61f84c80$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D2DC231.A45F988F@iprg.nokia.com> <011401c2290d$6f6726e0$8b6015ac@AlperVAIO>
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"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
> 
> Hi Charlie,
> 
> > It is possible to imagine a post-registration scheme for handovers
> > that does not use BETH.  For instance, one could send a Binding Update
> > to the previous access router, as is specified in the base draft.
> 
> Actually we worked out a protocol that basically does this.
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt
> 
> This is a stand alone solution itself. It doesn't require anything
> but a link-up trigger. A similar approach was presented in the

it can done without the link-up trigger, right?? like receiving a 
router advert on the new link. why cant we design a generic solution
that would not depend on any L2 triggers. and make sure the solution
does not prohibit using L2 triggers if available.

I do agree that you can get better handover performance if you have
L2 triggers. but it is also important, IMO, that the fast handover 
spec advances without having to depend on L2 triggers.

Vijay


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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: FW: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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Hi Vijay, I would think it would be a good idea to mention in the draft
how it is impossible for to have an l-l HoA in the CN's BCE. I can see
some situations where that can happen - trying to confirm these.

Subrata

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com] On Behalf Of Vijay
Devarapalli
Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 5:46 PM
To: Subrata Goswami
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: FW: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt

as I told you earlier, a BCE for a link local address would not exist 
on a CN. maybe this should be clarified if it not clear in the draft.

and regarding the earlier message, the Home Agent defends the link
local address of the MN (if the L bit was set in the BU). that does
not mean there exists a binding cache entry for the link local 
address at the Home Agent. 

Vijay


Subrata Goswami wrote:
> 
> Hi Vijay, I was referring to the following in section 9.1.
> 
> "Each Binding Cache entry conceptually contains the following fields:
> 
>     -  The home address of the mobile node for which this is the
Binding
>        Cache entry.  This field is used as the key for searching the
>        ........................."
> 
> Subrata
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: vijayd@darkstar.iprg.nokia.com
> [mailto:vijayd@darkstar.iprg.nokia.com] On Behalf Of Vijay Devarapalli
> Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 5:11 PM
> To: Dr. Subrata Goswami
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
> 
> hi,
> 
> "Dr. Subrata Goswami" wrote:
> 
> > 4. The BCE of the CN is indexed by the home-address of the MN.  The
> spec
> > as it is now allows link-local addresses. So is there a possibility
> that
> > two MN's may end up having the same l-l address in a CN?
> 
> I dont understand this. how did the link local address of the MN
> reach the CN? a binding cache entry for a link local address would
> exist only on a Home Agent. not on the CN.
> 
> > 5. In a hypothetical situation, a MN may visit a foreign network and
> > acquires the same CoA address and the l-l HoA.  Is it a possibility?
> Are
> > CoA's always global?
> 
> yes. they are! the CoA is configured when the MN receives a router
> advert in the foreign network.
> 
> Vijay



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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James Kempf wrote:

> 
> Section 3.5: Tunnel termination conditions. As I recall from the mailing list 
> discussion a year and a half ago (we can check
> the archives) this was a hot issue when tunnel based handover was initially
> introduced into the draft. We've done lots of
> work in our implementation to make this possible, in order to conserve access
> router resources, and we have some suggested
> changes to the current WG draft on this. Draft 05 dodges the issue completely by
> specifying that the tunnel just times out.

thats because 'Tunnel termination' was a critical issue in BETH. the
BETH protocol does not work without it. it is not the case in 
anticipated handover (as defind in draft 4)

that is why.

> Section 4: Interoperability between Prereg and Postreg was another hot issue.
> We've done lots of work in our implementation
> on this, and we now have what we think is a workable interoperability solution.
> This was completely eliminated from draft 05.

thats because BETH was so different. it includes supressing router
adverts from the routers. you had a problem with respect to 
interoperability between anticipated part and BETH part because the
MN and the access router needed to be told exactly which protocol
it was running. draft 05 has simplified that IMO.

> Section 6: Draft 05 removes important details about handling error cases, which
> are necessary for implementation. We have
> additional details that came out of our implemetation effort which are not

like what? I have Alper's Connectathon report here. I think Rajeev
went through them. if these additional details are something other
than what we found at Connectathon, lets discuss them.

> Frankly, after two years of working on this protocol, I had thought the draft text
> had settled down to a state in which it
> was implementable with minor changes. Drastically rewriting the draft was
> unnecessary to introduce the material you describe
> in the list below.

frankly, it was needed. we spent four days without one complete 
successful fast handover. it was frustrating to say the least. I would 
call neither implementation (yours nor ours) succesful (sorry Jon).

Vijay


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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> thats because 'Tunnel termination' was a critical issue in BETH. the
> BETH protocol does not work without it. it is not the case in
> anticipated handover (as defind in draft 4)

I wanted to say draft 5.


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Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 16:14:21 -0700 (PDT)
From: Joe Lau <jlau@strtio1.cup.hp.com>
Message-Id: <200207112314.QAA15286@strtio1.cup.hp.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 draft 18
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Hello,

I found some minor inconsistencies and editorial improvements in the 
MIPv6 ID-18 draft.  I am not sure if those itmes have been reported 
before by other people.

Regards,

Joe Lau

-------------------------------------------------------------------------


1. Unique Identifier option allowed on Home Test Init and Care-of Test Init?

   Page 25:
      Mobility options
                                                              ....  This
         specification does not define any options valid for the Home
         Test Init message.
   
   Page 26:
      Mobility options
							      ...   This
         specification does not define any options valid for the Care-of
         Test Init message.

   Page 119:
   If the Binding Refresh Request for which the Binding Update is being
   returned contains a Unique Identifier mobility option, the resulting
   Home Test Init, Care-of Test Init, and Update messages MUST also
   include a Unique Identifier mobility option. 


2. Whether Home Address destination option MUST be included in BUs sent to HA.

   Page 12: 
  	 ...  In order for the home address of the mobile node to be
   visible when the policy check is made, the mobile node MUST use the
   Home Address destination option in Binding Updates sent to the home
   agent.

   Page 116: 
    -  The Home Address destination option MUST be attached to the
       message, unless the Source Address is the home address of the
       mobile node. 

   Page 121 (Returning Home):					 
 							    ... The
   mobile node MUST NOT include a Home Address option in this Binding
   Update.

   It would be nice to have a single statement on when Home Address destination
   option MUST be and when MUST NOT be included in BUs sent to HA. 


3. Purpose of Home Test Init.

   Page 16:
    The mobile node sends a Care-of Test Init message to the
    correspondent node to acquire the care-of cookie.

   But the draft does not state:
    The mobile node sends a Home Test Init message to the
    correspondent node to acquire the home cookie.

4. Binding Authorization Data option is valid for what messages? 

   Page 39:

   The Binding Authorization Data option is valid only in the Binding
   Refresh Request, Binding Update, and Binding Acknowledgment messages.

   [then later, the draft says:]

   				...  For this procedure, this option
   can only appear in a Binding Update message and rules for calculating
       ^^^^
       ????
   the Authenticator value are described in Section 6.1.7.
                                                    ^^^^^
                                                    5.2.6

5. Sequence number modulo arithmatics (15 or 16?) 
   
   Page 64: 2**15
   Page 67: 2**16 
   Page 92: 2**15 
   Page 116: 2**16
   Page 131: 2**15 

6. Duplicated text (about 57 lines)

   Page 100:
			 	    ... On receipt of a valid Router
   Advertisement, as defined in the processing algorithm specified for
   Neighbor Discovery [12], the mobile node performs the following
   steps, in addition to any steps already required of it by Neighbor
   Discovery.

    -  If the Home Agent (H) bit in the Router Advertisement is not set,
       and the sending node currently has an entry in the node's Home
       Agents List, delete the corresponding entry.  Subsequently, skip
       all of the following steps.

    ....

   A mobile node SHOULD maintain an entry in its Home Agents List for
   each such valid home agent address until that entry's lifetime
   expires, after which time the entry MUST be deleted.
   --------------------------------------------------------------------

   The above block of text is almost identical to that on page 84.
   Duplicated text suffers the same problem as duplicated code in programming.

7. Duplicated text

   Page 124:

   11.6.9. Rate Limiting Binding Updates

   A mobile node MUST NOT send Binding Update messages for the
   same binding to any individual node more often than once per
   MAX_UPDATE_RATE seconds.  After sending MAX_FAST_UPDATES consecutive
   messages to a particular node with the same care-of address, the
   mobile node SHOULD reduce its rate of sending these messages to that
   node, to the rate of SLOW_UPDATE_RATE per second.  The mobile node
   MAY continue to send these messages at this slower rate indefinitely,
   in hopes that the node will eventually be able to process a Binding
   Update, and begin to route its packets directly to the mobile node at
   its new care-of address.
   ---------------

   The above block of text is almost identical to that on pag 111.
   It would be nice to have a single paragraph on Rate limiting procedure.

3. Typo error

   Page 15:

    					Due to the nearly simultaneous
   message delivery, the return routability procedure completes in about
   roundtrip between the mobile node and the correspondent.
   ^^^^^^^^^
   How many?

7. Typo error.

   Page 91:
   The rules for maintaining a Home Agents List are same for home agents
   and correspondent nodes, and have been described in Section 10.1.
       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
          mobile nodes

   		      ...Note that the mobile node SHOULD NOT respond
   Binding Requests from previously unknown correspondent nodes due to ...
          ^
        Refresh


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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 18:19:16 -0700
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Hi Vijay,

> > > It is possible to imagine a post-registration scheme for handovers
> > > that does not use BETH.  For instance, one could send a Binding Update
> > > to the previous access router, as is specified in the base draft.
> >
> > Actually we worked out a protocol that basically does this.
> >
> >
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt
> >
> > This is a stand alone solution itself. It doesn't require anything
> > but a link-up trigger. A similar approach was presented in the
>
> it can done without the link-up trigger, right?? like receiving a
> router advert on the new link. why cant we design a generic solution
> that would not depend on any L2 triggers. and make sure the solution
> does not prohibit using L2 triggers if available.

I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution
without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.


alper


>
> I do agree that you can get better handover performance if you have
> L2 triggers. but it is also important, IMO, that the fast handover
> spec advances without having to depend on L2 triggers.
>
> Vijay
>



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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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CC: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
 
> I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution
> without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.

is the link-up trigger available on all mobile nodes? if the
answer is no, then we are stuck without a generic fast handover
solution.

OTOH, with sufficiently fast router advertisements you can have 
a reasonably fast handover. agreed, it is wont be as good when
you have a link-up trigger.

but I didnt say you should not take help from a link-up trigger.

seriously, do you think we can advance the FMIPv6 draft to a
Proposed Standard without having a L2 triggers specification?
anybody has an answer to this question?

Vijay


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Hello Alper,

"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:

> I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution
> without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.

But we have an implementation that shows otherwise.

One can have an implementation that works well.

> > I do agree that you can get better handover performance if you have
> > L2 triggers. but it is also important, IMO, that the fast handover
> > spec advances without having to depend on L2 triggers.
> >
> > Vijay
> >

I also agree with this.

I think we have to make the specification so that it works as
well as it can by itself, and it enables use of  L2 triggers to
work better whenever the triggers are supported by the particular
link layer.

Regards,
Charlie P.




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From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
CC: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Alper,


"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:

> Hi Vijay,
>
> > > > It is possible to imagine a post-registration scheme for handovers
> > > > that does not use BETH.  For instance, one could send a Binding Update
> > > > to the previous access router, as is specified in the base draft.
> > >
> > > Actually we worked out a protocol that basically does this.
> > >
> > >
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt
> > >
> > > This is a stand alone solution itself. It doesn't require anything
> > > but a link-up trigger. A similar approach was presented in the
> >
> > it can done without the link-up trigger, right?? like receiving a
> > router advert on the new link. why cant we design a generic solution
> > that would not depend on any L2 triggers. and make sure the solution
> > does not prohibit using L2 triggers if available.
>
> I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution
> without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.
>

we should allow the use, and benefit from it. In fact, Linux v6 stack
already provides an "upcall" that forces a RS to be sent when a new
interface is detected. However, to say that fast handover won't work
when such a feature is not available is analogous to saying that the
particular link type is not suited for fast handover. We should not
make that conclusion. We should allow all possible hooks for L2-specific
customizations, while not relying on them.

See you in Yokohama..

-Rajeev



>
> alper
>
> >
> > I do agree that you can get better handover performance if you have
> > L2 triggers. but it is also important, IMO, that the fast handover
> > spec advances without having to depend on L2 triggers.
> >
> > Vijay
> >



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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Vijay,

> > I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution
> > without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.
> 
> is the link-up trigger available on all mobile nodes? if the
> answer is no, then we are stuck without a generic fast handover
> solution.

The answer is  no (as expected :)

But I think this can be fixed. And if a client wants to do
fast handovers, it better be using one of those "fixed"
wireless interfaces. If it doesn't have one, then it is stuck.
It's not good to have such dependencies, but I think this
time it's unavoidable... 


> 
> OTOH, with sufficiently fast router advertisements you can have 
> a reasonably fast handover. agreed, it is wont be as good when
> you have a link-up trigger.

How fast? Note that starting to hear another prefix doesn't mean
that mobile node has handed over. This needs to be coupled with
"not hearing your current prefix" as well. 

Also, people are even trying to avoid sending "any" unsolicited 
router advertisements over the air due to  bandwidth and dormancy 
reasons... Sending high volume of such signaling is very problematic.
This is not an acceptable solution, imo.


> 
> but I didnt say you should not take help from a link-up trigger.
> 
> seriously, do you think we can advance the FMIPv6 draft to a
> Proposed Standard without having a L2 triggers specification?
> anybody has an answer to this question?
> 
> Vijay

alper

> 



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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Charlie Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 22:50:25 -0700
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Hi Charlie,

> > I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution
> > without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.
> 
> But we have an implementation that shows otherwise.
> 
> One can have an implementation that works well.
> 

Sure. But some details are critical here. As I was asking
Vijay, what is the advertisement frequency? How soon can
the mobile node realize that it needs to handover?

alper


> > > I do agree that you can get better handover performance if you have
> > > L2 triggers. but it is also important, IMO, that the fast handover
> > > spec advances without having to depend on L2 triggers.
> > >
> > > Vijay
> > >
> 
> I also agree with this.
> 
> I think we have to make the specification so that it works as
> well as it can by itself, and it enables use of  L2 triggers to
> work better whenever the triggers are supported by the particular
> link layer.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 
> 
> 



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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] V6 fast handover
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 02:44:47 -0400
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So there are a couple of things that need to be addressed here.

First there was some miscommunication in the handling of the update from
version 4 to version 5.  I fully accept responsibility
for not paying enough attention to this communication to keep folks from
getting upset.  Raj sent a note saying that
version 4 is the current consensus version and I agree with that.  We will
move to a version 5, but we have to be careful
to get consensus about the changes that go into that doc before we go there.

Let me take this opportunity to remind editors of working group documents
about their role.  What finally belongs
in a working group document is subject to the consensus of the working
group.  The editor has a great deal of influence
on what goes in and how it is presented.  In circumstances when the content
of a document is controversial the editor
should take special care to discuss the proposed changes on the mailing
list.  Misunderstandings and mistakes will
occur, and our last call processes and IESG review are the ultimate
guardians against mistakes, but all of you who are
editors can greatly help the smooth operation of the working group by paying
particular care to the way you handle
sensitive issues.

Rajeev was making an effort to do this and a misunderstanding occured.
Let's move on.



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Hi!

What is the relationship between the LIN6 project (http://www.lin6.net/)
and Mobile IPv6. Do they complement each other or do they compete with
each other to produce a standard to support seamless host mobility
support in IPv6?

Any general comments on the LIN6 project?

regards Pär



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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] fast MIPv6 approach
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 03:07:56 -0400
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So there are a few.  A short list might include:

what is the role of layer 2 triggers in fast handoff operation?
what is the significance of particular layer 2
capabilities/architecture/link characteristics?
should the handoff operation be mobile controlled or network controlled?
how fast is fast enough?

So far we've tried to accommodate differences of opinion on these issues by
the inclusion of various methods
in the document and write a specification that allow the operation over
technologies with different underlying
capabilities and with different assumptions about the role of the network.
It is difficult to believe that we're
going to reach consensus as a working group on resolution of the above
difficult issues.  We can spend a lot
of time arguing about it, but these disagreements were evident in the
original design team and the recent discussion
confirms they are still around.

Could we step back and have a discussion on the meta issue of whether we
should continue to have an approach
of a single specification that covers all cases, or consider some approach
to organizing the work that takes a new
course?

One way to go might be to have a base specification that described the tools
needed for implementing fast
handovers (messages and packet formats) and a few specifications that
described fast handover for various
kinds of network technologies.  Experience with the latter could refine the
former, and could certainly give
very concrete specificity to the operation of the protocol in a particular
environment.  It could also help implementors
of access routers determine what exactly needed to be implemented for
interfaces that supported links on a
particular technology.




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Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 09:09:44 +0100 (BST)
From: Tim Chown <tjc@ecs.soton.ac.uk>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: {VIRUS?} [mobile-ip] Fw:mobile-ip,sos!
In-Reply-To: <200207120226.LAA19126@mail1.beijingnet.com>
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Hi,

The recent message titled "mibile-ip, sos" sent to the list, containing a 
virus, originated from a user on beijingnet.com.   It appears that the
virused user's address book was used to pick a bogus From: line, or maybe 
it's plain spam rather than a secondary virus?

Perhpas the list owner can see if a beijingnet.com user is on the list and
alert them.

It's quite surprising how many recipient end systems send you virus alerts.

Tim

----------
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 11:26:13 +0900 (CDT)
Message-Id: <200207120226.LAA19126@mail1.beijingnet.com>
From: tjc <tjc@ecs.soton.ac.uk>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 12 08:21:53 2002
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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?P=E4r_Thor=E9n?= <t98pth@student.bth.se>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LIN6 and MobileIPv6
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On Fri, 12 Jul 2002, Pär Thorén wrote:
> Any general comments on the LIN6 project?

Patented.  Who cares?

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords



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Thread-Topic: Minor comments on MIPv6 v18 draft 
Thread-Index: AcIptpve0XeTbxASRP2ho2LJuSAY1w==
From: "Greg O'Shea" <gregos@microsoft.com>
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1. The lifetimes of a BU and a BA are both encoded in 16-bit ints. The
unit of a BU lifetime is 16secs and the unit of a BA lifetime is 4secs,
so there are (large) valid BU lifetimes which are impossible to ack. (Or
maybe I misunderstood something?)

2. The status code values in section 6.1.8 are out of sync with those in
the body of the text e.g. see 9.5, 10.3, 10.2, 9.4.1, 11.6.1

Apologies if these are already known on the list.
=20

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">1. The lifetimes of a BU and a BA are =
both encoded in 16-bit ints. The unit of a BU lifetime is 16secs and the =
unit of a BA lifetime is 4secs, so there are (large) valid BU lifetimes =
which are impossible to ack. (Or maybe I misunderstood =
something?)</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">2. The status code values in section =
6.1.8 are out of sync with those in the body of the text e.g. see 9.5, =
10.3, 10.2, 9.4.1, 11.6.1</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Apologies if these are already known on =
the list.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;</FONT>
</P>

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Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 18:42:10 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: "Greg O'Shea" <gregos@microsoft.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Minor comments on MIPv6 v18 draft
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Greg O'Shea wrote:

> 1. The lifetimes of a BU and a BA are both encoded in 16-bit ints. The 
> unit of a BU lifetime is 16secs and the unit of a BA lifetime is 4secs, 
> so there are (large) valid BU lifetimes which are impossible to ack. (Or 
> maybe I misunderstood something?)


This is a mistake. Both units should be 4 secs... a result of last-minute
editing where we changed the units from 16->4s... this will be corrected.


> 2. The status code values in section 6.1.8 are out of sync with those in 
> the body of the text e.g. see 9.5, 10.3, 10.2, 9.4.1, 11.6.1


Yet another editorial mistake. Will also be corrected. Thanks for pointing
these out!

This will be registered as issue #58.

Jari




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From: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] V6 fast handover
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 11:58:06 -0500
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And to just add one more thing to what Phil said in his note:
The changes to the fast handover draft in 05 are what is being
proposed to the WG, as Rajeev (editor)has said in an earlier note.
Of course the WG consensus is what will finally decide the content 
of this draft.


> 
> 
> So there are a couple of things that need to be addressed here.
> 
> First there was some miscommunication in the handling of the 
> update from
> version 4 to version 5.  I fully accept responsibility
> for not paying enough attention to this communication to keep 
> folks from
> getting upset.  Raj sent a note saying that
> version 4 is the current consensus version and I agree with 
> that.  We will
> move to a version 5, but we have to be careful
> to get consensus about the changes that go into that doc 
> before we go there.
> 
> Let me take this opportunity to remind editors of working 
> group documents
> about their role.  What finally belongs
> in a working group document is subject to the consensus of the working
> group.  The editor has a great deal of influence
> on what goes in and how it is presented.  In circumstances 
> when the content
> of a document is controversial the editor
> should take special care to discuss the proposed changes on 
> the mailing
> list.  Misunderstandings and mistakes will
> occur, and our last call processes and IESG review are the ultimate
> guardians against mistakes, but all of you who are
> editors can greatly help the smooth operation of the working 
> group by paying
> particular care to the way you handle
> sensitive issues.
> 
> Rajeev was making an effort to do this and a misunderstanding occured.
> Let's move on.
> 
> 



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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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> > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These are critical
> > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to L2
>
> Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
> draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> not even have a permanent home (WG).
>

If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood can help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process of implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on proprietary extensions.

        jak



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To: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
CC: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
References: <3D2CE2AE.715A0F9F@iprg.nokia.com> <011101c228fb$61f84c80$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D2DC231.A45F988F@iprg.nokia.com> <011401c2290d$6f6726e0$8b6015ac@AlperVAIO> <3D2E28CE.41CE0D10@iprg.nokia.com> <04a601c22942$23b881f0$8b6015ac@AlperVAIO> <3D2E32FD.D1888C8E@iprg.nokia.com>
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I concur with Charlie. At the moment we do not know what will happen to 
L2 triggers in IETF. We expect that a decision will be made soon as to 
grant a BOF on this subject.
  It is not clear in my mind if the BOF happens and L2 triggers (on 
handover) which are already in some drafts become RFCs, would that cause 
a problem? What about the other cases?

Regards,

Charlie Perkins wrote:

>Hello Alper,
>
>"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
>
>>I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution
>>without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.
>>
>
>But we have an implementation that shows otherwise.
>
>One can have an implementation that works well.
>
>>>I do agree that you can get better handover performance if you have
>>>L2 triggers. but it is also important, IMO, that the fast handover
>>>spec advances without having to depend on L2 triggers.
>>>
>>>Vijay
>>>
>
>I also agree with this.
>
>I think we have to make the specification so that it works as
>well as it can by itself, and it enables use of  L2 triggers to
>work better whenever the triggers are supported by the particular
>link layer.
>
>Regards,
>Charlie P.
>
>

-- 
Behcet 



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I concur with Charlie. At the moment we do not know what will happen to L2
triggers in IETF. We expect that a decision will be made soon as to grant
a BOF on this subject.<br>
&nbsp; It is not clear in my mind if the BOF happens and L2 triggers (on handover)
which are already in some drafts become RFCs, would that cause a problem?
What about the other cases?<br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
<br>
Charlie Perkins wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:3D2E32FD.D1888C8E@iprg.nokia.com">
  <pre wrap="">Hello Alper,<br><br>"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:<br><br></pre>
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">I don't think we can have a reasonable fast handover solution<br>without relying at least on a link-up trigger on the mobile node.<br></pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre wrap=""><!----><br>But we have an implementation that shows otherwise.<br><br>One can have an implementation that works well.<br><br></pre>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      <blockquote type="cite">
        <pre wrap="">I do agree that you can get better handover performance if you have<br>L2 triggers. but it is also important, IMO, that the fast handover<br>spec advances without having to depend on L2 triggers.<br><br>Vijay<br><br></pre>
        </blockquote>
        </blockquote>
        <pre wrap=""><!----><br>I also agree with this.<br><br>I think we have to make the specification so that it works as<br>well as it can by itself, and it enables use of  L2 triggers to<br>work better whenever the triggers are supported by the particular<br>link layer.<br><br>Regards,<br>Charlie P.<br><br><br></pre>
        </blockquote>
        <br>
        <pre class="moz-signature" cols="$mailwrapcol">-- 
Behcet </pre>
        <br>
        </body>
        </html>

--------------070409000804090509050901--



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 12 13:49:55 2002
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To: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Vijay,

> thats because 'Tunnel termination' was a critical issue in BETH. the
> BETH protocol does not work without it. it is not the case in
> anticipated handover (as defind in draft 4)
>
> that is why.
>

As Ajoy said, we had working group concensus to include BETH. It is not acceptable to drop it from the draft without
concensus to drop. Neither Ajoy nor I want it dropped.

Furthermore, anticipated handover doesn't cover all cases. For link layers where the mobile node only finds out after it has
moved, but before receiving a new RA beacon, i.e. reactive handover, the mobile should be able to set up the tunnel. The
current draft only covers this as an error case. It must make clear that this is an acceptable alternative, and that no
prehandover signaling is required (because there can't be any for reactive handover).


> > Section 4: Interoperability between Prereg and Postreg was another hot issue.
> > We've done lots of work in our implementation
> > on this, and we now have what we think is a workable interoperability solution.
> > This was completely eliminated from draft 05.
>
> thats because BETH was so different. it includes supressing router
> adverts from the routers. you had a problem with respect to
> interoperability between anticipated part and BETH part because the
> MN and the access router needed to be told exactly which protocol
> it was running. draft 05 has simplified that IMO.
>

The same point holds for a mobile node enabled to do Prereg but starting in a standard MIP coverage area. I don't think we
want it hammering on the router with PrxyRtSol messages when the router doesn't understand them, especially not over a
wireless link. The current draft has nothing to cover this.

Furthermore, I believe there is working group concensus for including BETH with inter-router movement with RAs suppressed. It
was included in draft 04. Again, it is not acceptable to drop this. This optimization is critical for low bandwidth, high
latency links, and these are the kinds of links the wireless network operators care about because they are costly. 802.11 is
not the same thing, it will work fine with over the air signaling as long as there are not too many mobiles in the cell. And
the spectrum is free.


                jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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> seriously, do you think we can advance the FMIPv6 draft to a
> Proposed Standard without having a L2 triggers specification?
> anybody has an answer to this question?
>

 I think the MIPv6 fast handovers draft needs to specify the interaction with Layer 2 in an abstract sense, as Charlie and I
were discussing yesterday. Whether that requires a specific L2 triggers specification is another issue.

            jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Charlie,

> I think we have to make the specification so that it works as
> well as it can by itself, and it enables use of  L2 triggers to
> work better whenever the triggers are supported by the particular
> link layer.
> 

Can you give me an example of how a mobile node might hand over without any help from L2?

            jak



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From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Hello Jim,

I can give an example, and I will do so, but I think the
danger would be that then the example would become the point
of contention, diverting attention from what is really
important.  I think what is really important is to get to
the point where:
1) The layer-3 protocol supports the required functionality
2) The layer-3 protocol supports replacement of some of the
   layer-3 signaling by layer-2 signaling (e.g., "L2 trigger")
3) The layer-3 protocol supports as many layer-2s as
   is possible, including low-bandwidth links (e.g., < 10kb/s).

Here is my example:

Suppose the access routers are beaconing 60 times per second,
and the mobile node hears a new beacon.  Then it can solicit
a handover from the previous access router and get packets
delivered to the new access router within 25 ms of the time
it first moved within range of the new access router.

In this example, source triggers, target triggers, and mobile
triggers from Layer 2 can all act to improve the performance
and/or eliminate the need for beaconing.  There are plenty
of variations, depending on whether you like mobile-controlled
or network-controlled, or whether your physical medium doesn't
have enough bandwidth for the beacons, or whether the handover
is reactive or predictive, or ...

However, all of these cases can be served by the existing
fast handover document as I understand it to have evolved
from the original design team document.  What is needed, as
you have mentioned before, is the clean description of how
layer-2 signals can cause layer-3 actions that otherwise
would require layer-3 signals to have occurred.

Regards,
Charlie P.

PS. I guess your mailer doesn't like newlines as much as mine.
    I hope you don't mind if I put one of them into your message text.

James Kempf wrote:
> 
> Charlie,
> 
> > I think we have to make the specification so that it works as
> > well as it can by itself, and it enables use of  L2 triggers to
> > work better whenever the triggers are supported by the particular
> > link layer.
> >
> 
> Can you give me an example of how a mobile node might hand over
> without any help from L2?
> 
>             jak


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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James Kempf wrote:
 
> If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood can help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
> emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. 

this was done on an emulator.

> Jon is also in the process of 
> implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
> manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on proprietary extensions.

but that needs to be specified somewhere, right? are they IP messages?

Jim, I am not against using L2 triggers. I use them too (I use the L2-up 
trigger at the MN). but what I also want to see is FMIPv6 advancing 
without having to depend on L2 triggers.

Vijay


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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Vijay Devarapalli
	 <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Vijay,
We have implemented FMIPv4 in our prototype 3G Cellular testbed. 
We have implemented both source as well as target triggers required 
to support Post-Reg (FMIPv4 version of BETH). So, I do not understand 
why are you complaining about L2 triggers? BTW, can you explain how 
can you implement FMIPv6 without using Link layer triggers?
regards,
ajoy 
 

-----Original Message-----
From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 12:26 PM
To: Vijay Devarapalli
Cc: Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


> > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These
are critical
> > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to
L2
>
> Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
> draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> not even have a permanent home (WG).
>

If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood can
help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process of
implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on
proprietary extensions.

        jak


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James Kempf wrote:
> 
> Vijay,
> 
> > thats because 'Tunnel termination' was a critical issue in BETH. the
> > BETH protocol does not work without it. it is not the case in
> > anticipated handover (as defind in draft 4)
> >
> > that is why.
> >
> 
> As Ajoy said, we had working group concensus to include BETH. It is not acceptable to drop it from the draft without
> concensus to drop. Neither Ajoy nor I want it dropped.

Jim,

what was dropped was the description how to setup tunnels between
access routers using L2 triggers. you can set up tunnels between
access routers based on explicit signaling. that is there in 
draft 5. what we now need to do now is make sure we can take
advantage of L2 triggers when they are available.

> Furthermore, anticipated handover doesn't cover all cases. For link layers where the mobile node only finds out after it has
> moved, but before receiving a new RA beacon, i.e. reactive handover, the mobile should be able to set up the tunnel. The
> current draft only covers this as an error case. It must make clear that this is an acceptable alternative, and that no
> prehandover signaling is required (because there can't be any for reactive handover).

Rajeev has already agreed to this. I think it can be made more
explicit.


> The same point holds for a mobile node enabled to do Prereg but starting in a standard MIP coverage area. 

no it doesnt. in the first place, FMIPv6 draft 5 does not affect 
MIPv6 draft 18 functionality on a MN. please let me know if I am
missing something.

> I don't think we
> want it hammering on the router with PrxyRtSol messages when the router doesn't understand them, especially not over a
> wireless link. The current draft has nothing to cover this.

thats not right. the current draft tells you not to hammer the access 
router with PrxyRtSol. from Section 5.1.1 in draft 5

    A MN sends this message if it wishes to initiate fast handover.  It
    indicates its destination with the New Attachment Point Link-Layer
    Address.  A Proxy Router Advertisement message should be received in
    response.  If such a message is not received in a short time period
    but no less than twice the typical round trip time (RTT) over the
    access link or 100 ms if RTT is not known, it SHOULD resend RtSolPr
    message at most twice, waiting for the same time during each
instance
    of retransmission.  If Proxy Router Advertisement is not received by
    the time the MN disconnects from the PAR, the MN SHOULD attempt to
    send FBU as described in Section 4.1.

A proxy router solicitation is resent atmost twice.

> Furthermore, I believe there is working group concensus for including BETH with inter-router movement with RAs suppressed. It
> was included in draft 04. Again, it is not acceptable to drop this. 

I am not disputing that there was WG concensus to include BETH. my point
was tunnel termination and suppressed RAs were central for BETH to work.
they are not needed for a generic FMIPv6 solution to work.

> This optimization is critical for low bandwidth, high
> latency links, and these are the kinds of links the wireless network operators care about because they are costly. 802.11 is
> not the same thing, it will work fine with over the air signaling as long as there are not too many mobiles in the cell. And
> the spectrum is free.

why did you assume I am talking about 802.11? its true that our
prototype
is based on 802.11 (yours as well). thats because that is what is
feasible
in a lab. I am concerned about cellular operators too. I work for Nokia.

regards
Vijay


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Ajoy,

you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
RFC soon (dont you?).

Vijay

Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> 
> Hello Vijay,
> We have implemented FMIPv4 in our prototype 3G Cellular testbed.
> We have implemented both source as well as target triggers required
> to support Post-Reg (FMIPv4 version of BETH). So, I do not understand
> why are you complaining about L2 triggers? BTW, can you explain how
> can you implement FMIPv6 without using Link layer triggers?
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 12:26 PM
> To: Vijay Devarapalli
> Cc: Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> > > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These
> are critical
> > > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference to
> L2
> >
> > Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> > BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> > testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
> > draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> > not even have a permanent home (WG).
> >
> 
> If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood can
> help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
> emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process of
> implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
> manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on
> proprietary extensions.
> 
>         jak


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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Vijay,
Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please 
explain how can we implement fast handoff without
any link layer support? I also do not understand
why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to 
document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken 
based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?  
regards,
ajoy


-----Original Message-----
From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 2:08 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



Ajoy,

you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
RFC soon (dont you?).

Vijay

Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> 
> Hello Vijay,
> We have implemented FMIPv4 in our prototype 3G Cellular testbed.
> We have implemented both source as well as target triggers required
> to support Post-Reg (FMIPv4 version of BETH). So, I do not understand
> why are you complaining about L2 triggers? BTW, can you explain how
> can you implement FMIPv6 without using Link layer triggers?
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 12:26 PM
> To: Vijay Devarapalli
> Cc: Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> > > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These
> are critical
> > > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference
to
> L2
> >
> > Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> > BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> > testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
> > draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> > not even have a permanent home (WG).
> >
> 
> If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood can
> help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
> emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process of
> implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
> manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on
> proprietary extensions.
> 
>         jak


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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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The Fast HO draft is not intended to specify L2 triggers.
Its primary focus is on L3 signaling to enable MIPv6 nodes
to perform fast HOs. I guess everybody acknowledges that it
is dependent on L2 triggers but in terms of what is actually
specified in the base draft w.r.t L2 triggers can be quite
abstract. The draft can simply say that a certain type of
HO or signaling is initiated as a result of some trigger from
L2. Other drafts can specify what triggers and how fast HO is
done for specific link layers. 
I do not believe that this draft is the one that should be
specifying what L2 triggers exist that are the basis for fast
HO.

> 
> Hello Vijay,
> Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please 
> explain how can we implement fast handoff without
> any link layer support? I also do not understand
> why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
> because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to 
> document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken 
> based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?  
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> 
> Ajoy,
> 
> you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
> need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
> a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
> said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
> RFC soon (dont you?).
> 
> Vijay
> 



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hi Ajoy ,

I think Raj's email answers your question.

I am afraid Section 3.2.1 of draft 4 will hold back the draft
from advancing unless there is a standard way of doing L2-ST,
L2-TT, L2-LD, L2-LU. even if there is a standard way of doing
the triggers, there has to be some kind of reference that FMIPv6
can quote. I am afraid that is not there (or wont there when
we need to advance FMIPv6)

take a look at the following mail from Jack McCann, I just saw
in the IPv6 WG. I hope I am not doing anything wrong by cutting 
and pasting this mail

> The current Basic API draft (draft-ietf-ipngwg-rfc2553bis-05.txt)
> contains normative references to the Scoped Addressing Architecture
> (draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt).  In particular, it relies 
> on the definition of zone indices, and on the scoped address text 
> format defined in that document.  This was flagged as an issue 
> during IESG review.  
> 
> To allow 2553bis to move forward and be published as an RFC without
> having to wait on the scoping-arch document, we've proposed to move 
> those portions of the Basic API that rely on scoping-arch into a 
> separate document that can advance alongside the scoping-arch document.
> 
> There are 4 items that will move from 2553bis to the new "scoping api"
> document:
> 
> 1. References to the terms "link index" and "site index" in
>    the definition of the sin6_scope_id field.  Note that the
>    sin6_scope_id field will remain in 2553bis.
> 
> 2. Use of the scoped address text format with getaddrinfo().
> 
> 3. Use of the scoped address text format with getnameinfo().
> 
> 4. The NI_NUMERICSCOPE flag.
> 

draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt is infact a WG document in the
IPv6 WG, but not an RFC yet. because of this, it cannot be referenced 
in the API draft. 

L2 triggers draft has not been adopted by any WG.

do you see the danger?? please dont conclude I am spreading FUD. this
is a real concern.

Vijay


Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> 
> Hello Vijay,
> Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please
> explain how can we implement fast handoff without
> any link layer support? I also do not understand
> why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
> because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to
> document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken
> based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 2:08 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> Ajoy,
> 
> you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
> need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
> a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
> said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
> RFC soon (dont you?).
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> >
> > Hello Vijay,
> > We have implemented FMIPv4 in our prototype 3G Cellular testbed.
> > We have implemented both source as well as target triggers required
> > to support Post-Reg (FMIPv4 version of BETH). So, I do not understand
> > why are you complaining about L2 triggers? BTW, can you explain how
> > can you implement FMIPv6 without using Link layer triggers?
> > regards,
> > ajoy
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 12:26 PM
> > To: Vijay Devarapalli
> > Cc: Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > > > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft. These
> > are critical
> > > > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > > > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference
> to
> > L2
> > >
> > > Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> > > BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> > > testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
> > > draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> > > not even have a permanent home (WG).
> > >
> >
> > If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood can
> > help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
> > emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process of
> > implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
> > manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on
> > proprietary extensions.
> >
> >         jak


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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Basavraj,
I am not asking to specify L2 trigger in fast handoff draft.
We just have to state the appropriate L3 behaviors when 
specific link layer triggers are available. BTW, that is what 
is done in version V4 of the FMIPv6 draft. 
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com]
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 3:21 PM
To: Ajoy Singh; vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
Cc: kempf@docomolabs-usa.com; rajeev@iprg.nokia.com;
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



The Fast HO draft is not intended to specify L2 triggers.
Its primary focus is on L3 signaling to enable MIPv6 nodes
to perform fast HOs. I guess everybody acknowledges that it
is dependent on L2 triggers but in terms of what is actually
specified in the base draft w.r.t L2 triggers can be quite
abstract. The draft can simply say that a certain type of
HO or signaling is initiated as a result of some trigger from
L2. Other drafts can specify what triggers and how fast HO is
done for specific link layers. 
I do not believe that this draft is the one that should be
specifying what L2 triggers exist that are the basis for fast
HO.

> 
> Hello Vijay,
> Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please 
> explain how can we implement fast handoff without
> any link layer support? I also do not understand
> why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
> because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to 
> document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken 
> based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?  
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> 
> Ajoy,
> 
> you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
> need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
> a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
> said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
> RFC soon (dont you?).
> 
> Vijay
> 


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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Ajoy,

> 
> Basavraj,
> I am not asking to specify L2 trigger in fast handoff draft.
> We just have to state the appropriate L3 behaviors when 
> specific link layer triggers are available. BTW, that is what 

I think we are agreeing on the general approach on how to deal
with triggers. All I am saying is that if link layer X provides
specific triggers to the upper layer, a separate I-D can
document how fast HO will work when these triggers (which would
be identified in that draft) are available. 
So rather than going down the path of identifying all the possible
link layer triggers and the corresponding behavior at L3, the
base FMIPv6 draft should simply document the L3 behavior.

> is done in version V4 of the FMIPv6 draft. 

And my belief is that the current L2 triggers specification in the
version 4 of the draft is of really no help and needs to be moved
to a more appropriate draft that deals with these triggers,.

> regards,
> ajoy 
> 

Cheers,
-Basavaraj




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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com'" <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>, vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Basavraj,
Please find my inline reply.
regards,
ajoy

So rather than going down the path of identifying all the possible
link layer triggers and the corresponding behavior at L3, the
base FMIPv6 draft should simply document the L3 behavior.

Ajoy-> I disagree with this. We have to 
document important triggers at MN, oAR, nAR. Without such
documentation, how can we specify fast handoff scheme. Even in 
case of anticipated handover, we need L2 trigger either 
at MN or oAR. It will be highly confusing to describe
fast handoff without mentioning such triggers. BTW, I agree we 
do not have to explain how such triggers will be available at 
MN, oAR or nAR? This can be done in separate ID or may be 
left for implementers.
 
-----Original Message-----
From: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com]
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 4:23 PM
To: Ajoy Singh; vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
Cc: kempf@docomolabs-usa.com; rajeev@iprg.nokia.com;
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



Ajoy,

> 
> Basavraj,
> I am not asking to specify L2 trigger in fast handoff draft.
> We just have to state the appropriate L3 behaviors when 
> specific link layer triggers are available. BTW, that is what 

I think we are agreeing on the general approach on how to deal
with triggers. All I am saying is that if link layer X provides
specific triggers to the upper layer, a separate I-D can
document how fast HO will work when these triggers (which would
be identified in that draft) are available. 
So rather than going down the path of identifying all the possible
link layer triggers and the corresponding behavior at L3, the
base FMIPv6 draft should simply document the L3 behavior.

> is done in version V4 of the FMIPv6 draft. 

And my belief is that the current L2 triggers specification in the
version 4 of the draft is of really no help and needs to be moved
to a more appropriate draft that deals with these triggers,.

> regards,
> ajoy 
> 

Cheers,
-Basavaraj


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Raj,
  I completely agree with you.

Regards,

Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com wrote:

>Ajoy,
>
>>Basavraj,
>>I am not asking to specify L2 trigger in fast handoff draft.
>>We just have to state the appropriate L3 behaviors when 
>>specific link layer triggers are available. BTW, that is what 
>>
>
>I think we are agreeing on the general approach on how to deal
>with triggers. All I am saying is that if link layer X provides
>specific triggers to the upper layer, a separate I-D can
>document how fast HO will work when these triggers (which would
>be identified in that draft) are available. 
>So rather than going down the path of identifying all the possible
>link layer triggers and the corresponding behavior at L3, the
>base FMIPv6 draft should simply document the L3 behavior.
>
>>is done in version V4 of the FMIPv6 draft. 
>>
>
>And my belief is that the current L2 triggers specification in the
>version 4 of the draft is of really no help and needs to be moved
>to a more appropriate draft that deals with these triggers,.
>
>>regards,
>>ajoy 
>>
>
>Cheers,
>-Basavaraj
>
>

-- 
Behcet 



--------------050403020201050700010901
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
Raj,<br>
&nbsp; I completely agree with you.<br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com">Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com</a> wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:697DAA22C5004B4596E033803A7CEF440969AF@daebe007.NOE.Nokia.com">
  <pre wrap="">Ajoy,<br><br></pre>
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">Basavraj,<br>I am not asking to specify L2 trigger in fast handoff draft.<br>We just have to state the appropriate L3 behaviors when <br>specific link layer triggers are available. BTW, that is what <br></pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre wrap=""><!----><br>I think we are agreeing on the general approach on how to deal<br>with triggers. All I am saying is that if link layer X provides<br>specific triggers to the upper layer, a separate I-D can<br>document how fast HO will work when these triggers (which would<br>be identified in that draft) are available. <br>So rather than going down the path of identifying all the possible<br>link layer triggers and the corresponding behavior at L3, the<br>base FMIPv6 draft should simply document the L3 behavior.<br><br></pre>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">is done in version V4 of the FMIPv6 draft. <br></pre>
      </blockquote>
      <pre wrap=""><!----><br>And my belief is that the current L2 triggers specification in the<br>version 4 of the draft is of really no help and needs to be moved<br>to a more appropriate draft that deals with these triggers,.<br><br></pre>
      <blockquote type="cite">
        <pre wrap="">regards,<br>ajoy <br><br></pre>
        </blockquote>
        <pre wrap=""><!----><br>Cheers,<br>-Basavaraj<br><br><br></pre>
        </blockquote>
        <br>
        <pre class="moz-signature" cols="$mailwrapcol">-- 
Behcet </pre>
        <br>
        </body>
        </html>

--------------050403020201050700010901--



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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 16:52:59 -0500
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Hello Vijay,
You have not answered my question yet. BTW, I do not see
any difference in BETH as well as anticipated handover
scheme in this respect. Both of them need L2 triggers
to enable fast handoff. In case of anticipated handover, we need 
L2 trigger either at MN or oAR. Please find the following 
text from the current fast handoff draft: 

3.1.6.   Mobile Initiated Handover 
    
   The main difference between mobile initiated network initiated 
   handover is that, in mobile initiated handover, MN receives 
   predictive information about the Layer 2 handover. The MN MUST send a 
   RtSolPr message to the oAR to trigger the PrRtAdv. 

3.1.2.  Network Initated Handover 
 
   In network initiated handover, the oAR receives an indication that 
   the MN is about to move and information on the nAR to which the MN 
   will be moved. Both stateless and stateful nCoA configuration are 
   supported, as is use of the oCoA. 
    
I do not really see why are you so opposed to 3.2.1 of the FMIPv6 (Version
V4) 
draft ? 
regards,
ajoy 


  

-----Original Message-----
From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 4:05 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



hi Ajoy ,

I think Raj's email answers your question.

I am afraid Section 3.2.1 of draft 4 will hold back the draft
from advancing unless there is a standard way of doing L2-ST,
L2-TT, L2-LD, L2-LU. even if there is a standard way of doing
the triggers, there has to be some kind of reference that FMIPv6
can quote. I am afraid that is not there (or wont there when
we need to advance FMIPv6)

take a look at the following mail from Jack McCann, I just saw
in the IPv6 WG. I hope I am not doing anything wrong by cutting 
and pasting this mail

> The current Basic API draft (draft-ietf-ipngwg-rfc2553bis-05.txt)
> contains normative references to the Scoped Addressing Architecture
> (draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt).  In particular, it relies 
> on the definition of zone indices, and on the scoped address text 
> format defined in that document.  This was flagged as an issue 
> during IESG review.  
> 
> To allow 2553bis to move forward and be published as an RFC without
> having to wait on the scoping-arch document, we've proposed to move 
> those portions of the Basic API that rely on scoping-arch into a 
> separate document that can advance alongside the scoping-arch document.
> 
> There are 4 items that will move from 2553bis to the new "scoping api"
> document:
> 
> 1. References to the terms "link index" and "site index" in
>    the definition of the sin6_scope_id field.  Note that the
>    sin6_scope_id field will remain in 2553bis.
> 
> 2. Use of the scoped address text format with getaddrinfo().
> 
> 3. Use of the scoped address text format with getnameinfo().
> 
> 4. The NI_NUMERICSCOPE flag.
> 

draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt is infact a WG document in the
IPv6 WG, but not an RFC yet. because of this, it cannot be referenced 
in the API draft. 

L2 triggers draft has not been adopted by any WG.

do you see the danger?? please dont conclude I am spreading FUD. this
is a real concern.

Vijay


Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> 
> Hello Vijay,
> Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please
> explain how can we implement fast handoff without
> any link layer support? I also do not understand
> why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
> because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to
> document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken
> based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 2:08 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> Ajoy,
> 
> you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
> need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
> a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
> said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
> RFC soon (dont you?).
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> >
> > Hello Vijay,
> > We have implemented FMIPv4 in our prototype 3G Cellular testbed.
> > We have implemented both source as well as target triggers required
> > to support Post-Reg (FMIPv4 version of BETH). So, I do not understand
> > why are you complaining about L2 triggers? BTW, can you explain how
> > can you implement FMIPv6 without using Link layer triggers?
> > regards,
> > ajoy
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 12:26 PM
> > To: Vijay Devarapalli
> > Cc: Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > > > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft.
These
> > are critical
> > > > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > > > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference
> to
> > L2
> > >
> > > Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> > > BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> > > testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
> > > draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> > > not even have a permanent home (WG).
> > >
> >
> > If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood
can
> > help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
> > emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process
of
> > implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
> > manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on
> > proprietary extensions.
> >
> >         jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 12 18:13:25 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
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Kevin Miles wrote:

> Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> 
>>Kevin Miles wrote:
>>
> <snip>
> 
>>>This is what I'm trying to get clarified. Is it 
>>>
>>permissible, under any
>>
>>>circumstances, for the MN to change the value of the S bit 
>>>
>>in successive BUs
>>
>>>that relate to the same binding(s)? I cannot see anything 
>>>
>>in the draft that
>>
>>>prohibits it. Currently, it would appear that an MN could 
>>>
>>use multiple BUs with
>>
>>IMO, it would be simpler if the draft prohibits it.
>>
>>
> Works for me.


Works for me too. Let's prohibit it. Also, we need to worry
about the case where the prefixes change between S=0 reg & dereg.
So, my proposal is to define an S=0 dereg as a deregistration of
those addresses that were registered in the original S=0 reg. If no
such original S=0 reg was done, the HA will return a new BA error code.

Finally, in a S=0 rereg we could implicitly dereg all address whose
prefixes have disappeared between the reg & dereg. This appears
unnecessary, though, as the HA would not allow the lifetime to exceed
the prefix lifetimes. But this should be noted in the draft to make it
clear.

Jari



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hi Ajoy,

Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> 
> Hello Vijay,
> You have not answered my question yet. 

is this a trick question? we do the demo in a lab. in our lab 
and in connectathon, we trigger a handoff from userland (an 
ioctl call). you cannot trigger a fast handoff by moving 
5 feet. all 802.11 cards see all access points.

> BTW, I do not see
> any difference in BETH as well as anticipated handover
> scheme in this respect. Both of them need L2 triggers
> to enable fast handoff. In case of anticipated handover, we need
> L2 trigger either at MN or oAR. Please find the following
> text from the current fast handoff draft:

this is not a fair comparison. we are not talking about the same 
L2 triggers now. 

I have problems with L2 triggers where the access point sends
some information to the access router about the MN, without
the MN sending an IP message. (because, this is specific to 
each link layer and is not even available in 802.11). for 
example the Target Trigger (which is needed by BETH) supplies
the newAR with the L2 address of the MN. my 802.11 access point
cannot supply the L2 address of the MN to the newAR. the 
Target Trigger also supplies the L2 address of the oldAR to the
newAR. how does this happen (unless the two 802.11 APs talk
to each other)

in the anticipated part any information obtained (for setting up
the tunnels) is through IP messages.

and when I said I use one L2 trigger, I use the a trigger which
is internal to the MN and it just says "hey, I have an L2 connection".
in response to this, the MN sends either a FNA or NA. whereas the
Link Up trigger required by BETH not only says "hey, I have an L2
connection", but also "hey, heres the L2 address of the newAR".
cool...

I am not saying you cannot have these triggers. cellular links have
these triggers already. but there is no standard which works for
all link layers. therefore we need a protocol with only IP messages
to do a fast handover. 

regards
Vijay


> 3.1.6.   Mobile Initiated Handover
> 
>    The main difference between mobile initiated network initiated
>    handover is that, in mobile initiated handover, MN receives
>    predictive information about the Layer 2 handover. The MN MUST send a
>    RtSolPr message to the oAR to trigger the PrRtAdv.
> 
> 3.1.2.  Network Initated Handover
> 
>    In network initiated handover, the oAR receives an indication that
>    the MN is about to move and information on the nAR to which the MN
>    will be moved. Both stateless and stateful nCoA configuration are
>    supported, as is use of the oCoA.
> 
> I do not really see why are you so opposed to 3.2.1 of the FMIPv6 (Version
> V4)
> draft ?
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 4:05 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> hi Ajoy ,
> 
> I think Raj's email answers your question.
> 
> I am afraid Section 3.2.1 of draft 4 will hold back the draft
> from advancing unless there is a standard way of doing L2-ST,
> L2-TT, L2-LD, L2-LU. even if there is a standard way of doing
> the triggers, there has to be some kind of reference that FMIPv6
> can quote. I am afraid that is not there (or wont there when
> we need to advance FMIPv6)
> 
> take a look at the following mail from Jack McCann, I just saw
> in the IPv6 WG. I hope I am not doing anything wrong by cutting
> and pasting this mail
> 
> > The current Basic API draft (draft-ietf-ipngwg-rfc2553bis-05.txt)
> > contains normative references to the Scoped Addressing Architecture
> > (draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt).  In particular, it relies
> > on the definition of zone indices, and on the scoped address text
> > format defined in that document.  This was flagged as an issue
> > during IESG review.
> >
> > To allow 2553bis to move forward and be published as an RFC without
> > having to wait on the scoping-arch document, we've proposed to move
> > those portions of the Basic API that rely on scoping-arch into a
> > separate document that can advance alongside the scoping-arch document.
> >
> > There are 4 items that will move from 2553bis to the new "scoping api"
> > document:
> >
> > 1. References to the terms "link index" and "site index" in
> >    the definition of the sin6_scope_id field.  Note that the
> >    sin6_scope_id field will remain in 2553bis.
> >
> > 2. Use of the scoped address text format with getaddrinfo().
> >
> > 3. Use of the scoped address text format with getnameinfo().
> >
> > 4. The NI_NUMERICSCOPE flag.
> >
> 
> draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt is infact a WG document in the
> IPv6 WG, but not an RFC yet. because of this, it cannot be referenced
> in the API draft.
> 
> L2 triggers draft has not been adopted by any WG.
> 
> do you see the danger?? please dont conclude I am spreading FUD. this
> is a real concern.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> >
> > Hello Vijay,
> > Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please
> > explain how can we implement fast handoff without
> > any link layer support? I also do not understand
> > why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
> > because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to
> > document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken
> > based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?
> > regards,
> > ajoy
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 2:08 PM
> > To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> > Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > Ajoy,
> >
> > you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
> > need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
> > a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
> > said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
> > RFC soon (dont you?).
> >
> > Vijay
> >
> > Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> > >
> > > Hello Vijay,
> > > We have implemented FMIPv4 in our prototype 3G Cellular testbed.
> > > We have implemented both source as well as target triggers required
> > > to support Post-Reg (FMIPv4 version of BETH). So, I do not understand
> > > why are you complaining about L2 triggers? BTW, can you explain how
> > > can you implement FMIPv6 without using Link layer triggers?
> > > regards,
> > > ajoy
> > >
> > >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 12:26 PM
> > > To: Vijay Devarapalli
> > > Cc: Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> > >
> > > > > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft.
> These
> > > are critical
> > > > > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > > > > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much reference
> > to
> > > L2
> > > >
> > > > Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> > > > BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> > > > testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2 triggers
> > > > draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> > > > not even have a permanent home (WG).
> > > >
> > >
> > > If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood
> can
> > > help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
> > > emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process
> of
> > > implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
> > > manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on
> > > proprietary extensions.
> > >
> > >         jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 12 18:48:01 2002
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To: "Dr. Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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Dr. Subrata Goswami wrote:

> 1. The requirements for IPv6 routers and nodes would be better addressed
> in a separate ID. Similarly the security issues (i.e. BU authentication
> etc.) can also be better addressed in a separate ID.


This was at least partially the intention. That is, the IPv6 node requirements
document would list the requirements for particular types of IPv6 nodes. The
intention of section 8 is to summarize the requirements for a particular class
of functionality, such as nodes that support route optimization. I think this
general approach has already been agreed in the WG.

However, we have a number of alternatives on doing this:

1. Have a separate requirements section plus the behaviour sections (as is now)
2. Remove the requirements section, and improve the behaviour sections to make it more
    clear what is mandatory to implement from e.g. correspondent node behaviour and what is
    not.
3. Move the contents of the requirements sections to the corresponding behaviour sections
    as an introduction on what is mandatory to implement.

What do folks on the list feel about these alternatives?


> 3. The various conceptual data structures in HA, MN, and CN would be
> better described through pictures.


I'd like this, but I'm not sure what we can describe. As it is now, the different

data structures are quite independent from each other. So it's hard to show any
kinds of relationships. And what could we show from the individual data structures
then? We can't really show specific linked-list or hash table structures, all we can
really show is the list of fields in an entry. And for that purpose I believe the text
is already sufficient.

Both items registered as issue #60.

Jari



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Dr. Subrata Goswami wrote:


> 2. A justification for "return routability" as the way it is done with
> HoTI/HoT and CoTI/CoT should be there.  Also some details about why both
> HoTI and CoTI are needed, rather than just HoTI.


14.4.1 talks about some of the background, more can be found from the

referred documents such as draft-aura. Is there something specific that
you are missing there?

Regarding the need for both HoTi and CoTi: we could indeed have just one
initiation message (even if two responses are needed). However, the text
in 14.4.1 about symmetric exchanges applies here... we wanted to make the
protocol symmetric in all requests so that we'd have less problems with
reflection through e.g. the combined hoti-coti message to an unsuspecting
third party.

Jari



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ACM MobiCom 2002: Call for Student Posters!
http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobicom/2002/cfp/posters.html


ACM MobiCom 2002 is the eighth annual conference sponsored by ACM
SIGMOBILE dedicated to addressing new challenges in mobile computing
and networking. The MobiCom 2002 conference solicits student posters
describing new and noteworthy research contributions to the field of mobile
computing and networking.


Student Posters: The conference solicits student posters that
highlight recent and on-going research by students on mobile computing
topics.  Areas of interest include those that are listed on the
technical paper call for papers, which can be found at
http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobicom/2002/cfp/.  Proposals should be a
maximum of TWO pages in length and, while they don't need to describe
completed work, the work should be advanced beyond the initial
stages. The first author of all poster submissions must be a
student. Poster abstracts will not be published in the proceedings but
will instead be published on the web before the conference. Poster
submissions will be reviewed. Authors of accepted papers must not
submit a poster of the work they present in the conference.


Submissions should be sent by email to Elizabeth Belding-Royer
(ebelding@cs.ucsb.edu) by July 15, 2002.

Why should you submit a poster?

  This is a great chance for students to obtain interesting and
valuable feedback on on-going work from a knowledgeable crowd at the
conference.

What is a poster?

  A poster is a 1 meter x 1.25 meter rectangular board on which you
can affix visually appealing material that describes your
research. How you use this is up to you: you may choose to print out
several 8.5"x11" or A4 sheets of paper (e.g., paper copies of
overheads) and "tile" the poster board with these pages. Or, you may
choose to print a single large sheet of paper describing the work and
attach that to the poster board. You may bring your own poster boards
if you like. Several document companies like Kinko's produce
professional-looking posters from material produced on software like
Powerpoint; you may want to use such a facility.

  You should prepare the best material (visually appealing and
succinct) that effectively communicates your research problem,
techniques, and results.

What, when, and where to submit?

  If you are a student and are interested in this, then submit the
following by July 15, 2002 by email to Elizabeth Belding-Royer
(ebelding@cs.ucsb.edu):

  1. A maximum TWO page description (in either postscript, txt, or pdf
format only!) describing the research to be presented in the
poster. Include the title, authors, and institutional affiliations.

  2. A draft of the poster material (either multiple "tiles" or a
single sheet of paper), in pdf or postscript format.  Include the
title, authors, and institutional affiliations.

  Send your submission in one email message with the two parts.

We will select approximately 20 of the most interesting and
thought-provoking posters by August 7, 2002 and notify all contact
authors.  More details will be sent at that time.


Student Posters Co-Chairs:
  Elizabeth Belding-Royer, UC Santa Barbara
                           ebelding@cs.ucsb.edu
  Sung-Ju Lee, Hewlett Packard Laboratories



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From: "Nicolas Montavont" <montavont@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Multiple Interfaces Management - new I-D
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 18:26:25 +0200
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Hi all,

I've recently wrote a new I-D, "draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt",
that I wanted to submit to the Mobile IP Working Group.
As the submission deadline is exceeded, I already send you a copy of the
document in attachment.
It is also available at
http://www-r2.u-strasbg.fr/~montavont/draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt

For any questions or comments, feel free to ask Francis Dupont or Jean-Marie
Bonnin,
which are involved in our project and will be present at the meeting, or
contact me by e-mail.

Here the abstract:

    MIPv6 [MIPv6] allows a MN to maintain its IPv6 communications
    while moving between subnets. This document presents the
    problematic for a MN of having multiple network interfaces. It
    discusses how to perform vertical handovers (flow redirection
    between interfaces) and propose MMI (MIPv6 for Multiple
    Interfaces) which describes the use of MIPv6 to support multiple
    interfaces. These extensions focus on the MN ability to use a
    backup interface for communications and to redirect flows between
    its own interfaces.


Thanks for your interest,
Nicolas

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Internet Engineering Task Force				N. Montavont
INTERNET DRAFT						T. Noel
Expires in February 2003				LSIIT - ULP
							M. Kassi-Lahlou
							France Telecom R&D
							July 2002=20
=20
		    MIPv6 for Multiple Interfaces
=20
		<draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt>

Status of This Memo =20

   This document is an Internet Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC 2026.

   This document is an Internet-Draft.  Internet-Drafts are working
   documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its
   areas, and its working groups.  Note that other groups may also
   distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
   months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other
   documents at any time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-
   Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as
   "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
=20
Abstract

    MIPv6 [MIPv6] allows a MN to maintain its IPv6 communications
    while moving between subnets. This document presents the
    problematic for a MN of having multiple network interfaces. It
    discusses how to perform vertical handovers (flow redirection
    between interfaces) and propose MMI (MIPv6 for Multiple
    Interfaces) which describes the use of MIPv6 to support multiple
    interfaces. These extensions focus on the MN ability to use a
    backup interface for communications and to redirect flows between
    its own interfaces.









draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt				[Page 1]
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Table of contents=20

    Status of this memo=20
    Abstract =20

    1. Introduction.............................................2
    2. Terminology related to multiple interfaces...............3
       2.1 Terminology..........................................3
       2.2 Network configuration................................4
    3. Motivations..............................................5
       3.1 Why a MN may want to redirect a flow.................5
       3.2 Scenarios............................................5
	   3.2.1 Two interfaces available at the same time......5
	   3.2.2 Only one interface available at a given time...6
    4. Multiple interfaces management...........................6
	4.1 Hypothesis..........................................6
	4.2 MMI.................................................7
    5. Future Work..............................................8
       5.1 Receiving new communications.........................8
       5.2 Filtering............................................8
    6. References...............................................9
    7. Authors' address.........................................10
    Appendix A: Local Redirection...............................10

1. Introduction

    Future MNs will probably have multiple interfaces to be connected
    to different access technologies. Each technology has its specific
    characteristics in terms of coverage, bandwidth, reliability,
    etc. While MIPv6 [1] allows a MN to handover between subnets,
    there are no requirements to manage mobility into the MN,
    i.e. between several interfaces.  This document presents the
    problematic of having multiple interfaces and proposes some simple
    extensions to MIPv6, called MMI (MIPv6 for Multiple Interfaces) to
    optimize the use of multiple interfaces.

    Assume a MN with two interfaces. For example, the MN can be
    connected to the network with only one interface. After a move, it
    connects to the network with the other interface and looses the
    network connectivity through the first. Subsequently the MN may
    want all the flows using the first interface to be automatically
    redirected on the other available interface. Or, a MN can take
    advantage of having multiple interfaces by using backup
    interface. Also, if a MN performs a handover between subnets, it
    may redirect its flows on another interface while it performs
    MIPv6 operations. This minimizes the impact of the handover on the
    applications.




draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt				[Page 2]
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    In this document, the specific operations needed to perform
    vertical handovers are described. In the next section, some
    definitions related to multiple interfaces management are
    given. The section 3 explains why a MN may want to redirect flows
    between its interfaces and gives two scenarios of a MN with
    multiple interfaces. Then, MMI operations are described for a
    generic network configuration. These operations describe the use
    of MIPv6 to perform vertical handovers. Finally, the document ends
    on further functionalities which are going to be developped later.
=20
2. Terminology related to multiple interfaces
=20
2.1 Terminology
=20
    The following terms are introduced in the document. Some
    definitions are taken from [2].

    Available interface

    An interface that offers to the MN connectivity to the
    network. The MN can initiate and receive flows through this
    interface

    Interface down

    An interface is down when it is not available for flows. An
    interface may be down for many reasons (e.g. the interface is
    deactivated by the user, the interface is physically not inserted
    in the MN, the interface is not connected to a network)

    L2 handover

    The change of access point=20

    L3 handover

    The change of IP subnet

    Horizontal handover

    From the IP point of view, a horizontal handover happens if the MN
    changes of subnet it is connected to

    Vertical Handover [2]

    In a vertical handover the MN's network interface to the access
    network changes. A vertical handover is typically an
    inter-technology handover



draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt			     [Page 3]=20
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    Source interface

    During a vertical handover, the source interface is the interface
    from which flow will be redirected.

    Target interface

    During a vertical handover, the target interface is the interface
    to which flow will be redirected.
=20
2.2 Network configuration
=20
    This document focuses on the management of multiple network
    interfaces into a single MN. Each interface is either wireless or
    wired. This document will detail the operations needed for a MN to
    redirect flow between its interfaces. In each proposition, we
    discuss the redirection between two interfaces, but the operations
    are effective even if a MN has more interfaces. The proposed
    mechanism proposed works in all the network configurations
    possible, that is to say all the network configurations to which
    the MN is connected:

    - The two interfaces are connected to the same subnet, the home
      network for each interface

    - The two interfaces are connected to the same subnet, a visited
    network for each interface

    - The two interfaces are connected to the same subnet, the home
    network for one interface and a visited network for the other

    - The two interfaces are connected to different subnets, the home
    network for each interface

    - The two interfaces are connected to different subnets, a home
    network for one interface and a visited network for the other
    interface

    - The two interfaces are connected to different subnets, a visited
    network for each interface

    We will prove that some simple operations described in MMI are
    sufficient for all the above network configurations.








draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt				[Page 4]
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=20
3. Motivations
=20
3.1 Why a MN may want to redirect a flow
=20
    A MN may want to redirect its flows between its available
    interfaces for many reasons:

    - An interface in use comes down

    - The MN can take advantage of having multiple interfaces and
    redirects some or all flows from the down interface to another
    available interface

    - An interface comes up. The MN may decide that the interface
    which comes up is most suitable for its current flows using
    another interface

    - The MN performs a handover on an interface in use for
    flows. When a MN performs a horizontal handover, the handover
    latency (the time during which the MN can not send nor receive
    packets) can be long and the flows can be perturbed. If the MN
    wants to minimize such perturbation, it can redirect some or all
    the flows on another available interface. This redirection can be
    done in advance of the handover by the L2 triggers [3]

    - The network capabilities change. The MN can observe a
    degradation of service on one of its interface, or conversely an
    improvement of capacity on an interface. The MN may then decide to
    redirect some or all flows on another interface that it considers
    most suitable for the target flows.
=20
3.2 Scenarios
=20
3.2.1 Two interfaces available at the same time
=20
    Assume a global network covering wide areas, like third generation
    network. A MN can access to services like telephony, e-mail and
    web browser through an interface I1 connected to this wide
    network. At the same time, the MN has Internet access with a
    higher rate than the global network on an other interfaces I2,
    e.g. in WLANs or hot spots. The coverage area of this second
    technology is smaller than the global network and is also covered
    by the global network.

    When the mobile user enters the area covered by the technology
    with the higher rate (e.g. WLANs), he may want to:
    - Initiate new flow through I2
    - Continue its current flows on I1
    - Redirect some or all flows from I1 to I2 to take advantage of
    the technology with the higher rate
   =20
draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt				[Page 5]
=0C
INTERNET-DRAFT       Mobile IPv6 for Multiple interfaces	July 2003

    When the mobile user leaves the coverage area of the technology
    with the higher rate, he may want to:
    - Interrupt its flows using I2
    - Redirect some or all flows from I2 to I1
=20
3.2.2 Only one interface available at a given time
=20
    Consider a MN with two interfaces of different
    technologies. Firstly, the MN is connected to the network with
    only one interface. Then the MN connects to the network through
    the other interface, typically after a move, and the MN looses its
    first connection.

    For example, assume a company offering an access to network
    resources like Internet access or intranet. Consider a mobile host
    with both a wireless and a wired interface. According to company
    rules, the wireless subnet can or cannot be on the same subnet
    than the wired subnet.

    The two interfaces can be used in many ways: keep a backup =
interface,
    use each interface for pre-determined traffic... According to the
    availability of the interfaces, a MN may want to redirect flows
    between its interfaces.
=20
4. Multiple interfaces management

4.1 Hypothesis
=20
    In the following, we assume a MN with two interfaces I1 and I2 of
    different access technologies. Each interface is configured with a
    global IPv6 address, respectively IP1 and IP2. These two global
    IPv6 addresses are assigned to the MN in such a way that both
    addresses can be used to reach the MN.

    The MN uses Mobile IPv6 on each of its interfaces when it moves
    between subnets. Then the MN has a home link for each of its
    interfaces and there is a router acting as a home agent on each
    home link. The use of MIPv6 to redirect flows between interfaces
    are highlight for a generic network configuration. The generic
    network configuration encloses all the cases listed in section
    2.2. MMI allows a MN to transparently redirect its ongoing flows
    from its interface I2 to its interface I1 (vertical handover).









draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt				[Page 6]
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4.2 MMI

    MMI allows a MN to register a binding on its home agent (and
    eventually its CNs) between two IP addresses, each allocated to
    one of the MN's interfaces. The main mechanism is to send a
    Binding Update to indicate a new CoA of a source interface through
    the target interface. MMI works for any configuration network, as
    when the MN is initially connected to the same subnet with its two
    interfaces as when the MN is initially connected to different
    subnet.

    To make things as clear as possible, this document discusses the
    flow redirection from (I2, IP2) to (I1, IP1) in order to
    illustrate MMI. IP1 can be the home address allocated to I1, or
    the current CoA allocated to I1.
=20
    The generic solution for the MN to redirect the flows intended to
    IP2 on I1 (vertical handover from the source interface I2 to the
    target interfaces I1) is to use the MIPv6 mechanism adapted for
    multiple interfaces (MMI). The MN sends a Binding Update to its
    home agent serving the MN for the source interface (and eventually
    to its CNs). The Binding Update [1] must be sent as follow:

    - The home address field set to the IP address bound to the source
    interface (IP2)

    - The CoA field set to the IP address bound to the target
    interface (IP1)

    This Binding Update must be sent through the target
    interface. When receiving the Binding Update, the home agent
    registers an association between IP2 and IP1 in its binding
    cache. Therefore, all new flows with the destination address IP2
    will be intercepted by the home agent and forwarded to the current
    address allocated to target interface (IP1 on I1). This operation
    does not disturb the initial communications on the target
    interface I1 using IP1. Thus, MMI allows a MN to send a binding
    information for a source interface by using another interface, the
    target interface.
=20










draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt				[Page 7]
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    Afterwards, if the MN moves to a new subnet by using the target
    interface I1 (horizontal handover on I1), it obtains a new CoA
    (IP3). Besides the operations required in MIPv6 when a MN changes
    its point of attachment, the MN has to send a Binding Update to
    its home agent serving the source interface (and eventually to CNs
    of its current flows which have a binding between IP2 and IP1 in
    their binding cache) to update its localization. Now, the binding
    cache of the home agent records, among others, a binding between
    the home address IP2 and the CoA IP3. Thus, the movement detected
    on I1 is indicated to I2.

    Later, if the MN wants to use the source interface I2 again and
    had registered an association on its home agent between IP2 and
    IP1, it needs to update the entry in the binding cache of the home
    agent. If the MN is connected to a foreign network through the
    source interface I2 (different from the home link), it sends a
    Binding Update with the new IPv6 address got on the current link
    as the new CoA, to update the binding cache of its home agent. If
    the MN is connected to its home link through I2, it has to send a
    Binding Update to its home agent to make it invalid the binding
    cache for it (see returning home in [1]).
=20
5. Further Work
=20
    In this section, we describe some further operations that can be
    simply added to MMI framework in order to optimize the multiple
    interfaces management.
=20
5.1 Receiving new communications
=20
    Consider a MN which has redirected flows from a source interface
    (I2, IP2) to a target interface (I1, IP1) as described in MMI
    (section 4). If the MN receives a new flow forwarded by its home
    agent, the MN has several possibilities: it might reject the flow
    (e.g. the flow needs are not adapted to the network capacities
    provided to the MN); Or if the MN does not reject the flow, it
    might decide to inform the CN of the flow that its current address
    is IP1 and that it needs to use routing header [1].

5.2 Filtering
=20
    Filtering the current flows

    When a MN redirects its flows between its own interfaces, MMI
    requires that the MN sends a Binding Update to its home agent
    through the target interface (I1, IP1), in order to register a new
    association for the source interface (I2, IP2). However, the MN
    may not want to redirect all the flows of the source interface
    (because the target interface can not support certain flows, or
    the MN just wants to spread again its flows on all its interfaces
    to optimize the network capacities). To advertise its home agent
    (or a CN) to only redirect some flows of the source interface, the
    MN should add filters in the Binding Update sent for the
    redirection. The filter indicates which flow is concerned by this
    binding [5][6].

draft-montavont-mmi-00.txt				      [Page 8]
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    The flow identification can be the one used in the Flow Label
    field in the IPv6 header if set [7]. Otherwise, the flow
    identification can be the quintuplet source and destination ports,
    source and destination addresses and protocol ID.

    Filtering future flows

    Besides redirecting its current flows between its interfaces, a MN
    may want to advertise its home agent to only redirect a part of
    the future flows intended to it. We call future flows of the MN,
    the flows that the MN could receive in the near future, that do
    not exist when the MN sends the Binding Update for the
    redirection.  If the MN wants that its home agent only redirects
    some of its future flows, it may add a new filter in the Binding
    Update sent to its home agent. The new filter in the Binding
    Update can indicate a protocol ID or an application ID. Therefore,
    as soon as a new flow is intercepted by the home agent for the MN,
    it checks if the filter matches with the flow to redirect the flow
    to the right CoA.
=20
6. References
=20
    [1] D. Johnson, C. Perkins. "Mobility support in IPv6",
    draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt, July 2001.

    [2] J. Manner, M. Kojo, "Mobility related terminology",
    draft-manner-seamoby-terms-04.txt, May 2002.

    [3] J. Kempf, et. al, "Supporting Optimized Handover for IP
    Mobility - Requirements for Underlying Systems",
    draft-manyfolks-l2-mobilereq-02.txt, June 2002.

    [4] T. Narten, E. Nordmark, and W. Simpson, "Neighbor Discovery
    for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 2461, December 1998.

    [5] M. Diagne, T. Noel, "A Protocol for IPv6 Nomadic
    Communications", 5th IEEE Malaysia International Conference on
    Communications (MICC'01), Malaysia, October 2001

    [6] H. Soliman, K. El Malki, C. Castelluccia, "Per-flow movement
    in MIPv6", draft-soliman-mobileip-flow-move-01.txt, November 2001.

    [7] J. Rajahalme, A. Conta, B. Carpenter, S. Deering, "IPv6 Flow
    Label Specification", draft-ietf-ipv6-flow-label-00.txt, February
    2002.






draft-montavont-mmi-00.txt				      [Page 9]
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   =20

7. Authors' address

    Nicolas Montavont
    LSIIT - ULP
    Pole API
    Boulevard Sebastien Brant
    67400 Illkirch
    France
    E-mail: montavont@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr

    Thomas Noel
    LSIIT - ULP
    Pole API
    Boulevard Sebastien Brant
    67400 Illkirch
    France
    E-mail: noel@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr

    Mohammed Kassi-Lahlou
    France Telecom R&D
    42, rue des Coutures
    BP 6243
    14066 Caen Cedex 4 - France
    E-mail: mohamed.kassilahlou@francetelecom.com



Annexe A: Local Redirection
=20
    There is an easier mechnanism for the MN to redirect flow between
    its interfaces when it is connected to the same subnet through its
    interfaces. The Local Redirection allows a MN to transparently
    redirect its ongoing flows between its interfaces without using
    the MIPv6 features.

    When a MN is connected to the same subnet though both I1 and I2 and
    wants to redirect all its ongoing flows intended to IP2 (assigned
    to I2) it can allocate IP2 to I1. The MN has to advertise its
    neighbors on the link that all packets with the destination
    address IP2 must now be forwarded to the MAC address of I1. To do
    so, the MN sends an unsolicited Neighbor Advertisement [4] to all
    nodes multicast address indicating the association between IP2 and
    the MAC address of I1. The 'O' bit must be set in the unsolicited
    Neighbor Advertisement to override the old entry associating IP2
    to the MAC address of I2. This causes the neighbor nodes on the
    link to add the association between the MAC address of I2 with
    IP1. After, the MN is reachable through I1 by both IP1 and
    IP2. This redirection is transparent to the distant CNs.



draft-montavont-mmi-00.txt				      [Page 10]
Expires: February 2003
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        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 18:10:25 -0500
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Hello Vijay,
Please find my inline reply. I will only be
able to answer your subsequent emails tomorrow. 
regards,
ajoy

-----Original Message-----
From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 5:16 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


hi Ajoy,

Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> 
> Hello Vijay,
> You have not answered my question yet. 

is this a trick question? we do the demo in a lab. in our lab 
and in connectathon, we trigger a handoff from userland (an 
ioctl call). you cannot trigger a fast handoff by moving 
5 feet. all 802.11 cards see all access points.

> BTW, I do not see
> any difference in BETH as well as anticipated handover
> scheme in this respect. Both of them need L2 triggers
> to enable fast handoff. In case of anticipated handover, we need
> L2 trigger either at MN or oAR. Please find the following
> text from the current fast handoff draft:

this is not a fair comparison. we are not talking about the same 
L2 triggers now. 

Ajoy-> Why not? In what way network initiated L2 trigger of anticipated
handover is different from BETH L2-ST? 

I have problems with L2 triggers where the access point sends
some information to the access router about the MN, without
the MN sending an IP message. (because, this is specific to 
each link layer and is not even available in 802.11). for 
example the Target Trigger (which is needed by BETH) supplies
the newAR with the L2 address of the MN.

Ajoy-> Target trigger will be suitable for cellular 
networks.  BTW, even in case of WLAN, you can receive
L2-TT trigger at nAP. L2TT (Re-association Request) can 
provide nAP the L2 address of the oldAP as well as L2 
address of the mobile node. If we implement FA function 
at AP, then this becomes an implementation issue. 
If not, then you need to define some protocol between 
AP and AR which can be addressed in separate document. 
I understand that Re-Association Request is 
not as good as pre-trigger, but this will provide 
you lot better performance than standard Mobile/IP.

my 802.11 access point cannot supply the L2 address of the MN to the newAR.
the 
Target Trigger also supplies the L2 address of the oldAR to the
newAR. how does this happen (unless the two 802.11 APs talk
to each other)

in the anticipated part any information obtained (for setting up
the tunnels) is through IP messages.

and when I said I use one L2 trigger, I use the a trigger which
is internal to the MN and it just says "hey, I have an L2 connection".
in response to this, the MN sends either a FNA or NA. whereas the
Link Up trigger required by BETH not only says "hey, I have an L2
connection", but also "hey, heres the L2 address of the newAR".
cool...

Ajoy-> MN L2 trigger is only used for Mobile Initiated handover. 
What happens when handover is network initiated ?

I am not saying you cannot have these triggers. cellular links have
these triggers already. but there is no standard which works for
all link layers. therefore we need a protocol with only IP messages
to do a fast handover. 

Ajoy->IP layer protocol only works for Mobile Initiated trigger. It does
not work for network initiated trigger. BTW, based upon our 
implementation, we found anticipated handover does not provide
good performance on cellular link. Hence, anticipated handover
is not going to address fast handoff need for various cellular networks. 



regards
Vijay


> 3.1.6.   Mobile Initiated Handover
> 
>    The main difference between mobile initiated network initiated
>    handover is that, in mobile initiated handover, MN receives
>    predictive information about the Layer 2 handover. The MN MUST send a
>    RtSolPr message to the oAR to trigger the PrRtAdv.
> 
> 3.1.2.  Network Initated Handover
> 
>    In network initiated handover, the oAR receives an indication that
>    the MN is about to move and information on the nAR to which the MN
>    will be moved. Both stateless and stateful nCoA configuration are
>    supported, as is use of the oCoA.
> 
> I do not really see why are you so opposed to 3.2.1 of the FMIPv6 (Version
> V4)
> draft ?
> regards,
> ajoy
> 
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 4:05 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> hi Ajoy ,
> 
> I think Raj's email answers your question.
> 
> I am afraid Section 3.2.1 of draft 4 will hold back the draft
> from advancing unless there is a standard way of doing L2-ST,
> L2-TT, L2-LD, L2-LU. even if there is a standard way of doing
> the triggers, there has to be some kind of reference that FMIPv6
> can quote. I am afraid that is not there (or wont there when
> we need to advance FMIPv6)
> 
> take a look at the following mail from Jack McCann, I just saw
> in the IPv6 WG. I hope I am not doing anything wrong by cutting
> and pasting this mail
> 
> > The current Basic API draft (draft-ietf-ipngwg-rfc2553bis-05.txt)
> > contains normative references to the Scoped Addressing Architecture
> > (draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt).  In particular, it relies
> > on the definition of zone indices, and on the scoped address text
> > format defined in that document.  This was flagged as an issue
> > during IESG review.
> >
> > To allow 2553bis to move forward and be published as an RFC without
> > having to wait on the scoping-arch document, we've proposed to move
> > those portions of the Basic API that rely on scoping-arch into a
> > separate document that can advance alongside the scoping-arch document.
> >
> > There are 4 items that will move from 2553bis to the new "scoping api"
> > document:
> >
> > 1. References to the terms "link index" and "site index" in
> >    the definition of the sin6_scope_id field.  Note that the
> >    sin6_scope_id field will remain in 2553bis.
> >
> > 2. Use of the scoped address text format with getaddrinfo().
> >
> > 3. Use of the scoped address text format with getnameinfo().
> >
> > 4. The NI_NUMERICSCOPE flag.
> >
> 
> draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt is infact a WG document in the
> IPv6 WG, but not an RFC yet. because of this, it cannot be referenced
> in the API draft.
> 
> L2 triggers draft has not been adopted by any WG.
> 
> do you see the danger?? please dont conclude I am spreading FUD. this
> is a real concern.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> >
> > Hello Vijay,
> > Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please
> > explain how can we implement fast handoff without
> > any link layer support? I also do not understand
> > why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
> > because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to
> > document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken
> > based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?
> > regards,
> > ajoy
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 2:08 PM
> > To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> > Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > Ajoy,
> >
> > you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
> > need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
> > a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
> > said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
> > RFC soon (dont you?).
> >
> > Vijay
> >
> > Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
> > >
> > > Hello Vijay,
> > > We have implemented FMIPv4 in our prototype 3G Cellular testbed.
> > > We have implemented both source as well as target triggers required
> > > to support Post-Reg (FMIPv4 version of BETH). So, I do not understand
> > > why are you complaining about L2 triggers? BTW, can you explain how
> > > can you implement FMIPv6 without using Link layer triggers?
> > > regards,
> > > ajoy
> > >
> > >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 12:26 PM
> > > To: Vijay Devarapalli
> > > Cc: Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> > >
> > > > > In particular, Section 3.3 and 3.4 were dropped from the draft.
> These
> > > are critical
> > > > > for describing how Postregv6 (aka BETH)
> > > > > can be implemented. If there is some problem with too much
reference
> > to
> > > L2
> > > >
> > > > Section 3.3 and 3.4 also critically depend on L2 triggers to work.
> > > > BTW, I still havent figured out how to implement L2 triggers on our
> > > > testbed. I dont see FMIPv6 draft moving forward unless the L2
triggers
> > > > draft becomes a standard. right?? and the L2 triggers document does
> > > > not even have a permanent home (WG).
> > > >
> > >
> > > If you want to know how to implement L2 triggers, either I or Jon Wood
> can
> > > help you. I implemented them on the Solaris
> > > emulator and Jon on our Linux/BSD emulator. Jon is also in the process
> of
> > > implementing L2 triggered 802.11 handover, in a
> > > manner that is consistent with the 802.11 spec and doesn't depend on
> > > proprietary extensions.
> > >
> > >         jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 12 19:32:05 2002
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From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] RE: MIPv6 draft 18 - MIP and multicast
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 19:31:09 -0400
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Just a reminder that this draft is available at;
http://www.flarion.com/technology/draft-oneill-mip-multicast-00.txt.

In the context of the review of -18 I would propose`that the multicast text
only cover the reverse tunnelling case and leave new work to cover the
foreign multicast case because I think there is much work to do here. This
is I think reasonable given the lack of discussion and consensus on this
issue. The other option is just to include the hybrid model only (reception
via foreign multicast but origination via the home multicast system as a
non-member system) because this option does not impact multicast routing
protocols and is simply an MIP routing issue.

I am happy to provide suitable text to cover either option..or in fact to
work within a group to try to come up with solid recommendations in this
area for the document.

Alan.


-----Original Message-----
From: Alan O'Neill 
Sent: 08 July 2002 18:16
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: MIP and multicast



I have just submitted an internet-draft (abstract below) on the subject of
MIPv4 and MIPv6 multicast support via the Foreign multicast system which
will be available at http://www.flarion.com/technology/tech_standards.html
hopefully early this week.

Both MIPv4 and MIPv6 presently require the MN to use a CCoA as a foreign
multicast source address. This I believe is problematic for multicast
protocols that build source specific trees at cellular mobility rates. This
is because each tree needs to be rebuilt on every hand-off which is going to
thrash the routing system because every router on each tree is being exposed
to the movement of every MN on that tree. Clearly, the more trees with MN
senders the worse this problem becomes. ASM (PIM-SM) and SSM (on any
protocol) all build source trees so I believe this is a major deployment
barrier for foreign network multicast.

In contrast, the HoA is stable across hand-offs and therefore this should be
the source address and also used to populate multicast forwarding entries.
To avoid the RPF check failing (expects packets from the HA and not the FA),
the draft discusses various ways to initially bypass the problematic RPF
checks, but in the future for multicast routing protocols to be evolved to
be able to support an arbitrary RPF point (the present Multicast Designated
Router of the MN). The RPF approach is optimal because each hand-off only
changes the RPF interface in routers local to the hand-off and is therefore
scalable. The draft does not however deal with the multicast changes in
detail but is simplky intended to motivate discussion, MIP spec changes and
appropriate multicast research and standards work.

I will be in Yokohama from sunday to wednesday afternoon and am happy to
discuss this with interested parties outside the main meeting.

Regards, Alan.


Mobility Management and IP Multicast  <draft-oneill-mip-multicast-00.txt>

Abstract
                 
   Mobile IP provides a mobile node, that visits a foreign subnet, the
ability 
   to continue to use an address from its home subnet (the home address) as
a 
   source address. This is achieved through the allocation of a Care of
Address 
   on the foreign subnet that is used as the end-point of a redirection
tunnel 
   from a home agent on the home subnet. Mobile IP in RFC 3220 states that
when 
   the mobile node originates multicast traffic intended for the foreign 
   multicast system, it can only do so by first obtaining an IP address from
the 
   foreign subnet (a Collocated Care of Address) and then using this address
as 
   the multicast source address. This is to ensure that the source address
will 
   pass multicast routing reverse path forwarding checks.

   This foreign multicast model is however extremely restrictive, and still
very 
   problematic to multicast routing and applications when the mobile node 
   regularly changes foreign subnets, as is common in wireless systems. This
is 
   because the source address continues to evolve which must be tracked by 
   source specific multicast application and routing signalling. Using the
home 
   multicast system, again described above, is also non-optimal because the 
   mobile node receiver is then serviced by packets that must be tunnelled
from 
   its home agent which, removes any multicast routing benefits (ie network 
   based tree building). This draft therefore describes modifications to the

   foreign multicast interface between mobile IP and multicast routing that 
   enable the mobile node to use its persistent home address as a multicast 
   source address.




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 12 19:34:28 2002
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Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Subject: link-locals (was: [mobile-ip] comments on draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt)
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Dr. Subrata Goswami wrote:


> 4. The BCE of the CN is indexed by the home-address of the MN.  The spec
> as it is now allows link-local addresses. So is there a possibility that
> two MN's may end up having the same l-l address in a CN?


You already had a discussion with Vijay, but I would add the following:

A CN that is on the home link could in theory be able to create a BCE
that points from a ll home address to a global coa. However, there's
a problem in how route optimization could be employed with ll addresses.
Assume the CN uses a link-local address, and adds a RH to a packet destined
to the mobile node's ll address. The source address of this packet would
have to be ll, and the destination would have to be non-ll. This appears
to be against normal source address selection rules.

However, I can't find anything in the draft that prohibits RO with
ll addresses. So my proposal is that we prohibit RO for ll home or
CN addresses. Ok for everyone?


> 5. In a hypothetical situation, a MN may visit a foreign network and
> acquires the same CoA address and the l-l HoA.  Is it a possibility? Are
> CoA's always global?

As Vijay already noted, CoA's are formed from advertised prefixes, which

are never link-local (SHOULD NOT in RFC 2461).

Both items registered as issue #62

Jari
----
P.S. As you may recall, the issue list can be found at:
   http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/MIPv6-Issues.html
The files on the list will be updated soon.





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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Regarding the use of alt coa... I can't name any other
reason than possible use with ESP. Are there any situations
where we would not have the possibility to use the new coa
yet? It seems that at least for CN BUs, this isn't even possible,
since we already require RR to test the CoA with CoTi/CoT. For
HA BUs, it still remains a theoretical possibility.

And then to the ESP-reason: as Vijay stated, SPD entries are
used for restricting the right SA/HoA to be used. And these
entries can't be used for restricting the right CoA, as obviously
the HA has no knowledge of the current location of the MN yet.

Let's discuss the implications of an attack where the CoA (= BU src)
is changed. If the attacker is not a MitM, he can't forge the ESP MAC,
so the BU will be dropped. If the attacker is a MitM, he can change
the src address and the HA will not see the modification, and installs
a wrong BCE. However, the MN will not see an ack, and will retry.
For the MN, the effect is the same as any MitM could do anyway: DoS.
So in that sense this attack is not serious. However, for the innocent
bystander whose address is replaced as the CoA this may be more serious.
All traffic destined to the MN will be tunneled to him.

It looks like we need to deal with this, so in order for ESP to be used
we need to have the alt coa option in the spec. However, I dislike
format variants, especially when the choice depends on a user-configured
SPD entry in an another part of the system. This creates an unnecessary
restriction between IPv6 stack parts. Therefore, I'd like to suggest the
alt coa option to be made a fixed field in the BU messages instead, and
to be always used.

Jari



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Thanks Joe for your feedback, it is appreciated! Assigned issue #64.
Comments inline.

Joe Lau wrote:


> 1. Unique Identifier option allowed on Home Test Init and Care-of Test Init?
> 
>    Page 25:
>       Mobility options
>                                                               ....  This
>          specification does not define any options valid for the Home
>          Test Init message.
>    
>    Page 26:
>       Mobility options
> 							      ...   This
>          specification does not define any options valid for the Care-of
>          Test Init message.
> 
>    Page 119:
>    If the Binding Refresh Request for which the Binding Update is being
>    returned contains a Unique Identifier mobility option, the resulting
>    Home Test Init, Care-of Test Init, and Update messages MUST also
>    include a Unique Identifier mobility option. 


We missed this. Page 119 is wrong.


> 2. Whether Home Address destination option MUST be included in BUs sent to HA.
> 
>    Page 12: 
>   	 ...  In order for the home address of the mobile node to be
>    visible when the policy check is made, the mobile node MUST use the
>    Home Address destination option in Binding Updates sent to the home
>    agent.
> 
>    Page 116: 
>     -  The Home Address destination option MUST be attached to the
>        message, unless the Source Address is the home address of the
>        mobile node. 
> 
>    Page 121 (Returning Home):					 
>  							    ... The
>    mobile node MUST NOT include a Home Address option in this Binding
>    Update.
> 
>    It would be nice to have a single statement on when Home Address destination
>    option MUST be and when MUST NOT be included in BUs sent to HA. 


Yes. Page 116 is right in this case...


> 3. Purpose of Home Test Init.
> 
>    Page 16:
>     The mobile node sends a Care-of Test Init message to the
>     correspondent node to acquire the care-of cookie.
> 
>    But the draft does not state:
>     The mobile node sends a Home Test Init message to the
>     correspondent node to acquire the home cookie.


But it does! See bullet item 1a above the point you cite.


> 4. Binding Authorization Data option is valid for what messages? 
> 
>    Page 39:
> 
>    The Binding Authorization Data option is valid only in the Binding
>    Refresh Request, Binding Update, and Binding Acknowledgment messages.
> 
>    [then later, the draft says:]
> 
>    				...  For this procedure, this option
>    can only appear in a Binding Update message and rules for calculating
>        ^^^^


The intention was to allow for the Authz Data suboption to be possible on
other messages as well, if some need would arise later. Just that for the
RR procedure, the only one defined now, would use it for BUs and BAs.

But I see now that this is just confusing. Let's clarify that it should be
present in CN BUs and BAs.


>        ????
>    the Authenticator value are described in Section 6.1.7.
>                                                     ^^^^^
>                                                     5.2.6


Ok, will be fixed.


> 5. Sequence number modulo arithmatics (15 or 16?) 
>    
>    Page 64: 2**15
>    Page 67: 2**16 
>    Page 92: 2**15 
>    Page 116: 2**16
>    Page 131: 2**15 


Great... I thought we had fixed these. It's 2**16, following the
terminology in e.g. TCP RFC.


> 6. Duplicated text (about 57 lines)
> 
>    Page 100:
> 			 	    ... On receipt of a valid Router
>    Advertisement, as defined in the processing algorithm specified for
>    Neighbor Discovery [12], the mobile node performs the following
>    steps, in addition to any steps already required of it by Neighbor
>    Discovery.
> 
>     -  If the Home Agent (H) bit in the Router Advertisement is not set,
>        and the sending node currently has an entry in the node's Home
>        Agents List, delete the corresponding entry.  Subsequently, skip
>        all of the following steps.
> 
>     ....
> 
>    A mobile node SHOULD maintain an entry in its Home Agents List for
>    each such valid home agent address until that entry's lifetime
>    expires, after which time the entry MUST be deleted.
>    --------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
>    The above block of text is almost identical to that on page 84.
>    Duplicated text suffers the same problem as duplicated code in programming.


Right. Let's refer from page 100 to page 84, or put this "code" on its own
little section somewhere.


> 7. Duplicated text
> 
>    Page 124:
> 
>    11.6.9. Rate Limiting Binding Updates
> 
>    A mobile node MUST NOT send Binding Update messages for the
>    same binding to any individual node more often than once per
>    MAX_UPDATE_RATE seconds.  After sending MAX_FAST_UPDATES consecutive
>    messages to a particular node with the same care-of address, the
>    mobile node SHOULD reduce its rate of sending these messages to that
>    node, to the rate of SLOW_UPDATE_RATE per second.  The mobile node
>    MAY continue to send these messages at this slower rate indefinitely,
>    in hopes that the node will eventually be able to process a Binding
>    Update, and begin to route its packets directly to the mobile node at
>    its new care-of address.
>    ---------------
> 
>    The above block of text is almost identical to that on pag 111.
>    It would be nice to have a single paragraph on Rate limiting procedure.


Yes, let's do it.


> 3. Typo error
> 
>    Page 15:
> 
>     					Due to the nearly simultaneous
>    message delivery, the return routability procedure completes in about
>    roundtrip between the mobile node and the correspondent.
>    ^^^^^^^^^
>    How many?


a single roundtrip. should be fixed.


> 7. Typo error.
> 
>    Page 91:
>    The rules for maintaining a Home Agents List are same for home agents
>    and correspondent nodes, and have been described in Section 10.1.
>        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>           mobile nodes
> 
>    		      ...Note that the mobile node SHOULD NOT respond
>    Binding Requests from previously unknown correspondent nodes due to ...
>           ^
>         Refresh


Right. Thanks.

Jari



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Subject: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
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Due to several requests, we have created some text that describes
how IPsec is set up to protect MN-HA BUs and other messages, what
the order processing is, what headers will be included in the sent
packets, etc.

Please send us feedback on these rules. Also, let us know if you
feel some of this information should go to the MIPv6 draft in some
form (I think James was suggesting something like this perhaps).

Jari

--------------050905090001090607070505
Content-Type: text/plain;
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 filename="ipsec_usage.txt"
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USING IPSEC TO PROTECT MOBILE IPV6

July 12th, 2002
Jari Arkko and Vijay Devaparalli

1. INTRODUCTION

Mobile IPv6 uses 

2. SPD Entries

In the following we describe the SPD and SAD entries necessary to
protect BUs and BAs exchanged between the mobile node and the home
agent. We assume ESP is used with manually configured SAs.

  MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = MH, use SA1
          - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA2
  MN SAD: - SA1 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 1
          - SA2 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 2

  HA SPD: - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA3
          - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = MH, use SA4
  HA SAD: - SA3 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 2
          - SA4 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 1

In the following we describe the necessary SPD and SAD entries to
protect RR signaling between the mobile node and the home agent.
Note that the rules in the SPD are ordered, and the ones above
take precedence over these ones:

  MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = *   and proto = MH, use SA5
          - if src = *,   dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA6
  MN SAD: - SA5 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = *,   Mode = tunnel to HA, SPI = 5
          - SA6 (ESP): src = *,   dst = HoA, Mode = tunnel,       SPI = 6

  HA SPD: - if src = *,   dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA7
          - if src = HoA, dst = *   and proto = MH, use SA8
  HA SAD: - SA7 (ESP): src = *,   dst = HoA, Mode = tunnel to HoA, SPI = 6
          - SA8 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = *,   Mode = tunnel,        SPI = 5

It is also possible to perform some additional, optional, protection
of tunneled payload packets. This protection would take place in a
similar manner to the RR protection above, but would require a
different value for the protocol field. For brevity, we do not repeat
the SPD entries here.

In the following we describe some additional SPD and SAD entries to
protect prefix discovery. (Note that when actual new prefixes are
discovered, there may be a need to enter new manually configured SAs
to protect BUs.)

  MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = ICMPv6, use SA9
          - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = ICMPv6, use SA10
  MN SAD: - SA9  (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 9
          - SA10 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 10

  HA SPD: - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = ICMPv6, use SA11
          - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = ICMPv6, use SA12
  HA SAD: - SA11 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 10
          - SA12 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 9

3. Packet Formats

In this section we describe the order of headers within the protected
and tunneled packets over the wire.

The BUs sent from the mobile node to the home agent look like this:

   IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
   Dst Opt
      HAO
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BU

The BAs sent back to the mobile node look like this:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
   Routing hdr
      HoA
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BA

The HoTI messages tunneled to the HA look like this:

   IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
   Dst Opt
      HAO
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (HoA, CN)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

The HoT messages tunneled from the HA look like this:

   IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
   Routing hdr
      HoA
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoT

4. Procedures

4.1. Procedures for Sending a BU to the HA

- At the MN, MIPv6 module first produces the following packet

   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
   Mobility hdr
      BU

- This packet is detected by the IPsec filters on the MN and results in

   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BU

- Before forwarding the packet, the HAO (home address option) is inserted
  into the packet

   IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
   Dst Opt
      HAO
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BU

4.2. Procedures for Receiving a BU from the MN

- The following packet is received at the HA

   IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
   Dst Opt
      HAO
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BU

- The home address option is processed first, which results in

   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
   Dst Opt
      HAO
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BU

- ESP hdr is processed next, resulting in

    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
    Dst Opt
       HAO
    Mobility hdr
       BU

- This packet matches the selectors (src = HoA, dst = HA, proto = MH).

- The BU is delived to the MIPv6 module.

4.3. Procedures for Sending a BA to the MN

- MIPv6 produces the following packet

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
   Mobility hdr
      BA

- This packet is picked up by the IPsec policy filters resulting in
  the use of SA3:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BA

- Before forwarding the packet, the packet is compared against the
  binding cache and results in:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
   Routing hdr
      HoA
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BA

4.4. Procedures for Receiving a BA from the HA

- The following packet is received at the MN

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
   Routing hdr
      HoA
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BA

- After the routing header is processed the packet becomes

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
   Routing hdr
      CoA
   ESP hdr
   Mobility hdr
      BA

- ESP hdr is processed next, resulting in:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
   Routing hdr
      CoA
   Mobility hdr
      BA

- The BA is delived to the MIPv6 module.

4.5. Procedures for Tunneling a HoTI to the HA

- The MN constructs a HoTI message:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
   Mobility hdr
      HoTI

- This matches the SPD entry for IPsec processing,
  resulting in:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
   Mobility hdr
      HoTI

- The MIPv6 code adds a Home Address option:

   IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
   Dst Opt
      HAO
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

4.6. Procedures for Receiving a Tunneled HoTI from the MN

- The HA receives the following packet:

   IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
   Dst Opt
      HAO
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- The home address option is processed first, which results in

   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
   Dst Opt
      CoA
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- ESP is processed next, resulting in

   IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- The packet is then forwarded towards the CN

4.7. Procedures for Tunneling a HoT to the MN

- The HA receives a HoT packet from the CN:

   IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- This matches the IPsec SPD entries, resulting in the
  application of SA7:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- After the routing header is processed the packet becomes

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
   Routing hdr
      HoA
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

4.8. Procedures for Receiving a Tunneled HoT from the HA

- The MN receives the following packet:

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
   Routing hdr
      HoA
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- After the routing header is processed the packet becomes

   IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
   Routing hdr
      CoA
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- ESP is processed next, resulting in:

   IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
   Mobility Hdr
      HoTI

- This matches the selectors (src = *, dst = HoA) and the packet is
  given to MIPv6 processing.

5. Conclusions

All addresses in the SPD entries, in the selectors, and in the tunnel
gateway settings shall use the home address of the mobile node, and
not the care-of address.

For outbound packets, IPsec processing shall take place before
mobility processing (routing headers, HAO, tunnel headers). For
inbound packets, mobility processing shall take place before IPsec.
All this is normal behaviour in any case.

Some packets -- such as HoTI and HoT -- are protected by IPsec when
tunneled via the home agent. At the HA, packet interception shall be
followed by IPsec processing, and mobility delivery processing shall
take place after IPsec processing. If IPsec processing does not add
anything (like for example a data packet from CN to MN), the BC lookup
will result in the addition of a tunnel (src = HA, dest = CoA, no
routing header) to the data packet.  if IPsec processing adds
something (like a tunnel for HoT message), BC lookup will result in
the addition of a routing header.

--------------050905090001090607070505--



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Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 18:01:05 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> It looks like we need to deal with this, so in order for ESP to be used
> we need to have the alt coa option in the spec. However, I dislike
> format variants, especially when the choice depends on a user-configured
> SPD entry in an another part of the system. This creates an unnecessary
> restriction between IPv6 stack parts. Therefore, I'd like to suggest the
> alt coa option to be made a fixed field in the BU messages instead, and
> to be always used.

I didnt quite follow the last paragraph. for Return Routability
protected
BUs, there is no need for the CoA to be present as a fixed field in the
BU. for ESP protected BUs, it needs to be there. so we would end up with
two formats for BUs.

Vijay


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 13 00:52:19 2002
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
From: Fumio Teraoka <tera@tera.ics.keio.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LIN6 and MobileIPv6
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LIN6 and MIPv6 can coexist.

There are two patent applications about LIN6, but have not been
approved.

LIN6 is based on a different architecture than that of MIP, i.e.,
separation of node ID and node locator.

LIN6 has several advantages against MIPv6. For example:
 
  1) LIN6 has no header overhead while MIPv6 uses large extension
     headers for every packet.

  2) LIN6 is more fault tolerant than MIPv6. In MIPv6, the HA is the
     single point of failure and the HA cannot be replicated to the
     subnet other than the home network. In LIN6, the Mapping Agent
     can be replicated to anywhere.  

No modifications are necessary to applications and TCP/UDP for LIN6.
LIN6 is running on several UNIX operating systems and Win2k.
Source code is available from http://www.lin6.net/

Fast handoff is already implemented to LIN6 although there is no
i-d of smooth handoff in LIN6.

Fumio Teraoka

At 02/07/12 08:53 +0200, P$BgS(B Thor$BqO(B wrote:
>Hi!
>
>What is the relationship between the LIN6 project (http://www.lin6.net/)
>and Mobile IPv6. Do they complement each other or do they compete with
>each other to produce a standard to support seamless host mobility
>support in IPv6?
>
>Any general comments on the LIN6 project?
>
>regards P$BgS(B
>



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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> 
>>It looks like we need to deal with this, so in order for ESP to be used
>>we need to have the alt coa option in the spec. However, I dislike
>>format variants, especially when the choice depends on a user-configured
>>SPD entry in an another part of the system. This creates an unnecessary
>>restriction between IPv6 stack parts. Therefore, I'd like to suggest the
>>alt coa option to be made a fixed field in the BU messages instead, and
>>to be always used.
>>
> 
> I didnt quite follow the last paragraph. for Return Routability
> protected
> BUs, there is no need for the CoA to be present as a fixed field in the
> BU. for ESP protected BUs, it needs to be there. so we would end up with
> two formats for BUs.


I agree that the alt coa is only needed in the BUs protected by IPsec, i.e.
those sent to the HA. What you say about two formats for BUs is of course
a possibility. On the other hand, we could just have a single format, the
alt coa field doesn't break anything in the CN BUs. Other than take up some
bits, of course.

But this discussion leads me to think about a possible solution: what if we
required the alt coa option to be present in all BUs that are not protected
by RR? In the current spec this would imply having them in all HA BUs. This
would keep the current formats, avoid the security problem, and avoid the
need for the MIPv6 module to know what kind of IPsec is being used to protect
the BUs.

Jari




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Agree.  I think that is what we all want.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
To: <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 1:21 PM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


> 
> The Fast HO draft is not intended to specify L2 triggers.
> Its primary focus is on L3 signaling to enable MIPv6 nodes
> to perform fast HOs. I guess everybody acknowledges that it
> is dependent on L2 triggers but in terms of what is actually
> specified in the base draft w.r.t L2 triggers can be quite
> abstract. The draft can simply say that a certain type of
> HO or signaling is initiated as a result of some trigger from
> L2. Other drafts can specify what triggers and how fast HO is
> done for specific link layers. 
> I do not believe that this draft is the one that should be
> specifying what L2 triggers exist that are the basis for fast
> HO.
> 
> > 
> > Hello Vijay,
> > Thanks for your email. BTW, can you please 
> > explain how can we implement fast handoff without
> > any link layer support? I also do not understand
> > why standardization of FMIPv6 will get delayed
> > because of L2 triggers. Is it not enough to 
> > document various L2 triggers and the actions to be taken 
> > based upon the L2 triggers? Do we need anything more than this?  
> > regards,
> > ajoy
> > 
> > 
> > Ajoy,
> > 
> > you got me wrong. I am not against using L2 triggers. I know you
> > need them to get the most optimized handovers. but we also need
> > a generic FMIPv6 solution (I dont know how manys times I have
> > said this now) that does not depend on L2 triggers. we need an
> > RFC soon (dont you?).
> > 
> > Vijay
> > 
> 



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Sat, 13 Jul 2002 05:37:40 -0700
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Vijay,

> I am afraid Section 3.2.1 of draft 4 will hold back the draft
> from advancing unless there is a standard way of doing L2-ST,
> L2-TT, L2-LD, L2-LU. even if there is a standard way of doing
> the triggers, there has to be some kind of reference that FMIPv6
> can quote. I am afraid that is not there (or wont there when
> we need to advance FMIPv6)
>

Would your opinion change if these triggers were described in the abstract within the document? Similar to what Charlie and I
discussed the other day? Thus, there would be no normative references outside the document.

            jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Raj,

I don't think it is quite as simple as just documenting the L3 behavior.

For example, if there is no prehandover notification, it is impossible to do address preconfiguration. Similarly, if there is
prehandover notification on the access router with the appropriate information, it is possible to do tunnel establishment
without any over the air signaling. Both of these are considerably more optimized than what draft 05 seems to allow as a
nonerror case.

I think it should be possible to state what the layer 2 requirements are for particular optimized sequences of layer 3
signaling without going down the path of specifying triggers for specific layer 2s. That is what the layer 2 triggers draft
was attempting to do, but perhaps it has become too specific.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
To: <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 2:22 PM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


>
> Ajoy,
>
> >
> > Basavraj,
> > I am not asking to specify L2 trigger in fast handoff draft.
> > We just have to state the appropriate L3 behaviors when
> > specific link layer triggers are available. BTW, that is what
>
> I think we are agreeing on the general approach on how to deal
> with triggers. All I am saying is that if link layer X provides
> specific triggers to the upper layer, a separate I-D can
> document how fast HO will work when these triggers (which would
> be identified in that draft) are available.
> So rather than going down the path of identifying all the possible
> link layer triggers and the corresponding behavior at L3, the
> base FMIPv6 draft should simply document the L3 behavior.
>
> > is done in version V4 of the FMIPv6 draft.
>
> And my belief is that the current L2 triggers specification in the
> version 4 of the draft is of really no help and needs to be moved
> to a more appropriate draft that deals with these triggers,.
>
> > regards,
> > ajoy
> >
>
> Cheers,
> -Basavaraj
>
>



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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Why not have it be an option? There will likely be other algorithms that will be used for protecting BUs and they may need
other stuff.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 6:01 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt


> Jari Arkko wrote:
>
> > It looks like we need to deal with this, so in order for ESP to be used
> > we need to have the alt coa option in the spec. However, I dislike
> > format variants, especially when the choice depends on a user-configured
> > SPD entry in an another part of the system. This creates an unnecessary
> > restriction between IPv6 stack parts. Therefore, I'd like to suggest the
> > alt coa option to be made a fixed field in the BU messages instead, and
> > to be always used.
>
> I didnt quite follow the last paragraph. for Return Routability
> protected
> BUs, there is no need for the CoA to be present as a fixed field in the
> BU. for ESP protected BUs, it needs to be there. so we would end up with
> two formats for BUs.
>
> Vijay
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 13 09:21:03 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
Date: Sat, 13 Jul 2002 06:10:09 -0700
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One question: 

    Are manual SAs required or was that just a convenience for specifying what the SPD and SAD entries look like?


            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 5:55 PM
Subject: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection


> 
> Due to several requests, we have created some text that describes
> how IPsec is set up to protect MN-HA BUs and other messages, what
> the order processing is, what headers will be included in the sent
> packets, etc.
> 
> Please send us feedback on these rules. Also, let us know if you
> feel some of this information should go to the MIPv6 draft in some
> form (I think James was suggesting something like this perhaps).
> 
> Jari
> 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


> 
> USING IPSEC TO PROTECT MOBILE IPV6
> 
> July 12th, 2002
> Jari Arkko and Vijay Devaparalli
> 
> 1. INTRODUCTION
> 
> Mobile IPv6 uses 
> 
> 2. SPD Entries
> 
> In the following we describe the SPD and SAD entries necessary to
> protect BUs and BAs exchanged between the mobile node and the home
> agent. We assume ESP is used with manually configured SAs.
> 
>   MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = MH, use SA1
>           - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA2
>   MN SAD: - SA1 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 1
>           - SA2 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 2
> 
>   HA SPD: - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA3
>           - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = MH, use SA4
>   HA SAD: - SA3 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 2
>           - SA4 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 1
> 
> In the following we describe the necessary SPD and SAD entries to
> protect RR signaling between the mobile node and the home agent.
> Note that the rules in the SPD are ordered, and the ones above
> take precedence over these ones:
> 
>   MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = *   and proto = MH, use SA5
>           - if src = *,   dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA6
>   MN SAD: - SA5 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = *,   Mode = tunnel to HA, SPI = 5
>           - SA6 (ESP): src = *,   dst = HoA, Mode = tunnel,       SPI = 6
> 
>   HA SPD: - if src = *,   dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA7
>           - if src = HoA, dst = *   and proto = MH, use SA8
>   HA SAD: - SA7 (ESP): src = *,   dst = HoA, Mode = tunnel to HoA, SPI = 6
>           - SA8 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = *,   Mode = tunnel,        SPI = 5
> 
> It is also possible to perform some additional, optional, protection
> of tunneled payload packets. This protection would take place in a
> similar manner to the RR protection above, but would require a
> different value for the protocol field. For brevity, we do not repeat
> the SPD entries here.
> 
> In the following we describe some additional SPD and SAD entries to
> protect prefix discovery. (Note that when actual new prefixes are
> discovered, there may be a need to enter new manually configured SAs
> to protect BUs.)
> 
>   MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = ICMPv6, use SA9
>           - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = ICMPv6, use SA10
>   MN SAD: - SA9  (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 9
>           - SA10 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 10
> 
>   HA SPD: - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = ICMPv6, use SA11
>           - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = ICMPv6, use SA12
>   HA SAD: - SA11 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 10
>           - SA12 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 9
> 
> 3. Packet Formats
> 
> In this section we describe the order of headers within the protected
> and tunneled packets over the wire.
> 
> The BUs sent from the mobile node to the home agent look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> The BAs sent back to the mobile node look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> The HoTI messages tunneled to the HA look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (HoA, CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> The HoT messages tunneled from the HA look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoT
> 
> 4. Procedures
> 
> 4.1. Procedures for Sending a BU to the HA
> 
> - At the MN, MIPv6 module first produces the following packet
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - This packet is detected by the IPsec filters on the MN and results in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - Before forwarding the packet, the HAO (home address option) is inserted
>   into the packet
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> 4.2. Procedures for Receiving a BU from the MN
> 
> - The following packet is received at the HA
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - The home address option is processed first, which results in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - ESP hdr is processed next, resulting in
> 
>     IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>     Dst Opt
>        HAO
>     Mobility hdr
>        BU
> 
> - This packet matches the selectors (src = HoA, dst = HA, proto = MH).
> 
> - The BU is delived to the MIPv6 module.
> 
> 4.3. Procedures for Sending a BA to the MN
> 
> - MIPv6 produces the following packet
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - This packet is picked up by the IPsec policy filters resulting in
>   the use of SA3:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - Before forwarding the packet, the packet is compared against the
>   binding cache and results in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> 4.4. Procedures for Receiving a BA from the HA
> 
> - The following packet is received at the MN
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - After the routing header is processed the packet becomes
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       CoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - ESP hdr is processed next, resulting in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       CoA
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - The BA is delived to the MIPv6 module.
> 
> 4.5. Procedures for Tunneling a HoTI to the HA
> 
> - The MN constructs a HoTI message:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - This matches the SPD entry for IPsec processing,
>   resulting in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - The MIPv6 code adds a Home Address option:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> 4.6. Procedures for Receiving a Tunneled HoTI from the MN
> 
> - The HA receives the following packet:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - The home address option is processed first, which results in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       CoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - ESP is processed next, resulting in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - The packet is then forwarded towards the CN
> 
> 4.7. Procedures for Tunneling a HoT to the MN
> 
> - The HA receives a HoT packet from the CN:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - This matches the IPsec SPD entries, resulting in the
>   application of SA7:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - After the routing header is processed the packet becomes
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> 4.8. Procedures for Receiving a Tunneled HoT from the HA
> 
> - The MN receives the following packet:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - After the routing header is processed the packet becomes
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       CoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - ESP is processed next, resulting in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - This matches the selectors (src = *, dst = HoA) and the packet is
>   given to MIPv6 processing.
> 
> 5. Conclusions
> 
> All addresses in the SPD entries, in the selectors, and in the tunnel
> gateway settings shall use the home address of the mobile node, and
> not the care-of address.
> 
> For outbound packets, IPsec processing shall take place before
> mobility processing (routing headers, HAO, tunnel headers). For
> inbound packets, mobility processing shall take place before IPsec.
> All this is normal behaviour in any case.
> 
> Some packets -- such as HoTI and HoT -- are protected by IPsec when
> tunneled via the home agent. At the HA, packet interception shall be
> followed by IPsec processing, and mobility delivery processing shall
> take place after IPsec processing. If IPsec processing does not add
> anything (like for example a data packet from CN to MN), the BC lookup
> will result in the addition of a tunnel (src = HA, dest = CoA, no
> routing header) to the data packet.  if IPsec processing adds
> something (like a tunnel for HoT message), BC lookup will result in
> the addition of a routing header.
> 



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 13 09:21:04 2002
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Message-ID: <013b01c22a6f$c1be3600$056015ac@T23KEMPF>
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
References: <3D2F7A8C.4090600@kolumbus.fi>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
Date: Sat, 13 Jul 2002 06:08:01 -0700
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Excellent! That is what I was looking for.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 5:55 PM
Subject: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection


> 
> Due to several requests, we have created some text that describes
> how IPsec is set up to protect MN-HA BUs and other messages, what
> the order processing is, what headers will be included in the sent
> packets, etc.
> 
> Please send us feedback on these rules. Also, let us know if you
> feel some of this information should go to the MIPv6 draft in some
> form (I think James was suggesting something like this perhaps).
> 
> Jari
> 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


> 
> USING IPSEC TO PROTECT MOBILE IPV6
> 
> July 12th, 2002
> Jari Arkko and Vijay Devaparalli
> 
> 1. INTRODUCTION
> 
> Mobile IPv6 uses 
> 
> 2. SPD Entries
> 
> In the following we describe the SPD and SAD entries necessary to
> protect BUs and BAs exchanged between the mobile node and the home
> agent. We assume ESP is used with manually configured SAs.
> 
>   MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = MH, use SA1
>           - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA2
>   MN SAD: - SA1 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 1
>           - SA2 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 2
> 
>   HA SPD: - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA3
>           - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = MH, use SA4
>   HA SAD: - SA3 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 2
>           - SA4 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 1
> 
> In the following we describe the necessary SPD and SAD entries to
> protect RR signaling between the mobile node and the home agent.
> Note that the rules in the SPD are ordered, and the ones above
> take precedence over these ones:
> 
>   MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = *   and proto = MH, use SA5
>           - if src = *,   dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA6
>   MN SAD: - SA5 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = *,   Mode = tunnel to HA, SPI = 5
>           - SA6 (ESP): src = *,   dst = HoA, Mode = tunnel,       SPI = 6
> 
>   HA SPD: - if src = *,   dst = HoA and proto = MH, use SA7
>           - if src = HoA, dst = *   and proto = MH, use SA8
>   HA SAD: - SA7 (ESP): src = *,   dst = HoA, Mode = tunnel to HoA, SPI = 6
>           - SA8 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = *,   Mode = tunnel,        SPI = 5
> 
> It is also possible to perform some additional, optional, protection
> of tunneled payload packets. This protection would take place in a
> similar manner to the RR protection above, but would require a
> different value for the protocol field. For brevity, we do not repeat
> the SPD entries here.
> 
> In the following we describe some additional SPD and SAD entries to
> protect prefix discovery. (Note that when actual new prefixes are
> discovered, there may be a need to enter new manually configured SAs
> to protect BUs.)
> 
>   MN SPD: - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = ICMPv6, use SA9
>           - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = ICMPv6, use SA10
>   MN SAD: - SA9  (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 9
>           - SA10 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 10
> 
>   HA SPD: - if src = HA,  dst = HoA and proto = ICMPv6, use SA11
>           - if src = HoA, dst = HA  and proto = ICMPv6, use SA12
>   HA SAD: - SA11 (ESP): src = HA,  dst = HoA, Mode = transport, SPI = 10
>           - SA12 (ESP): src = HoA, dst = HA,  Mode = transport, SPI = 9
> 
> 3. Packet Formats
> 
> In this section we describe the order of headers within the protected
> and tunneled packets over the wire.
> 
> The BUs sent from the mobile node to the home agent look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> The BAs sent back to the mobile node look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> The HoTI messages tunneled to the HA look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (HoA, CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> The HoT messages tunneled from the HA look like this:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoT
> 
> 4. Procedures
> 
> 4.1. Procedures for Sending a BU to the HA
> 
> - At the MN, MIPv6 module first produces the following packet
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - This packet is detected by the IPsec filters on the MN and results in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - Before forwarding the packet, the HAO (home address option) is inserted
>   into the packet
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> 4.2. Procedures for Receiving a BU from the MN
> 
> - The following packet is received at the HA
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - The home address option is processed first, which results in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BU
> 
> - ESP hdr is processed next, resulting in
> 
>     IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>     Dst Opt
>        HAO
>     Mobility hdr
>        BU
> 
> - This packet matches the selectors (src = HoA, dst = HA, proto = MH).
> 
> - The BU is delived to the MIPv6 module.
> 
> 4.3. Procedures for Sending a BA to the MN
> 
> - MIPv6 produces the following packet
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - This packet is picked up by the IPsec policy filters resulting in
>   the use of SA3:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - Before forwarding the packet, the packet is compared against the
>   binding cache and results in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> 4.4. Procedures for Receiving a BA from the HA
> 
> - The following packet is received at the MN
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - After the routing header is processed the packet becomes
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       CoA
>    ESP hdr
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - ESP hdr is processed next, resulting in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       CoA
>    Mobility hdr
>       BA
> 
> - The BA is delived to the MIPv6 module.
> 
> 4.5. Procedures for Tunneling a HoTI to the HA
> 
> - The MN constructs a HoTI message:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - This matches the SPD entry for IPsec processing,
>   resulting in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - The MIPv6 code adds a Home Address option:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> 4.6. Procedures for Receiving a Tunneled HoTI from the MN
> 
> - The HA receives the following packet:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       HAO
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - The home address option is processed first, which results in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>    Dst Opt
>       CoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - ESP is processed next, resulting in
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - The packet is then forwarded towards the CN
> 
> 4.7. Procedures for Tunneling a HoT to the MN
> 
> - The HA receives a HoT packet from the CN:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - This matches the IPsec SPD entries, resulting in the
>   application of SA7:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - After the routing header is processed the packet becomes
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> 4.8. Procedures for Receiving a Tunneled HoT from the HA
> 
> - The MN receives the following packet:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=CoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       HoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - After the routing header is processed the packet becomes
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>    Routing hdr
>       CoA
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - ESP is processed next, resulting in:
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>    Mobility Hdr
>       HoTI
> 
> - This matches the selectors (src = *, dst = HoA) and the packet is
>   given to MIPv6 processing.
> 
> 5. Conclusions
> 
> All addresses in the SPD entries, in the selectors, and in the tunnel
> gateway settings shall use the home address of the mobile node, and
> not the care-of address.
> 
> For outbound packets, IPsec processing shall take place before
> mobility processing (routing headers, HAO, tunnel headers). For
> inbound packets, mobility processing shall take place before IPsec.
> All this is normal behaviour in any case.
> 
> Some packets -- such as HoTI and HoT -- are protected by IPsec when
> tunneled via the home agent. At the HA, packet interception shall be
> followed by IPsec processing, and mobility delivery processing shall
> take place after IPsec processing. If IPsec processing does not add
> anything (like for example a data packet from CN to MN), the BC lookup
> will result in the addition of a tunnel (src = HA, dest = CoA, no
> routing header) to the data packet.  if IPsec processing adds
> something (like a tunnel for HoT message), BC lookup will result in
> the addition of a routing header.
> 



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Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 00:19:26 +0900 (JST)
Message-Id: <20020715.001926.74753480.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] comments onf draft-18
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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Hi,

Let me confirm the meanings of the section 8.1.


> 8.1. General Requirements for All IPv6 Nodes
> 
>    Any IPv6 node may at any time be a correspondent node of a mobile
>    node, either sending a packet to a mobile node or receiving a
>    packet from a mobile node.  The following requirements are necessary
>    for every IPv6 node (whether host or router, whether mobile or
>    stationary), since otherwise communications may be impossible:
> 
>     -  The node MUST be able to validate a Home Address option received
>        in any IPv6 packet as described in Section 9.2.2.
> 
>     -  The node MUST be able to send a Binding Error message as
>        described in Section 9.4.6.

The section 8.1 describes the requirements for all IPv6 nodes.  What
is 'all IPv6 nodes'?  Does it mean 'all IPv6 nodes which supports
mobile ipv6'?  If so, it is OK for me.  My question ends.

If it means 'all IPv6 nodes even if they have nothing to do with
mobile ipv6', why must all IPv6 nodes support HAO and BE processing?
The node which doesn't support HAO will send ICMP paramprob back to
the sender (mobile node).  Mobile nodes can communicate using
bi-directional tunneling with such nodes.

If you are thinking of IPseced HAO, I think it better to be separated
from the base document.

I don't think it acceptable for the IPv6 WG to make HAO/BE be MUST.


I' sorry for my very late replying...

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


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Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 00:34:26 +0900 (JST)
Message-Id: <20020715.003426.95886678.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] comments: draft-18
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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Hi,

I have one more question about draft-18.

There is no text which describes the relation between ND packets and
HAO.  If a mobile node sends NS with HAO to a correpondent node's
global address, the response (NA) will be sent to the home agent of
the mobile node (if the CN doesn't have a BCE for the MN) or be sent
to the mobile node's HoA with RTHDR2 (if the CN has a BCE for the MN).

In section 11.2.1, the spec says that the MN MAY ommit HAO for short
term communication.  But I think it is not enough.  HAO MUST NOT be
inserted to NS packets because NAs never reach to the MN.


Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Jul 14 17:34:47 2002
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To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Reminder:BAR BOF on BU AltSecurity
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There will be a BAR BOF for discussing alternate BU security algorithms tonight immediately after the MIP meeting. Let's meet
in the MIP meeting room on the left side (facing the front) and proceed from there.

            jak



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cc: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt 
In-Reply-To: Message from "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com> 
   of "Tue, 09 Jul 2002 11:30:39 PDT." <014d01c22776$b9efcd40$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> 
Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2002 18:11:50 -0400
From: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
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> > Hmm... why? Other standards track RFCs appear to have normative
> > and non-normative references, see for instance the SIP, RFC 3261.
> > > >

> OK, I wasn't aware of the precedent. This must be new, the RFC
>  editor never allowed nonnormative references before.

There is confusion here. the RFC editor has always allowed
non-normative references. What it doesn't allow is normative
references to IDs that are not ready for publishing yet. Thus, it is
important to distinguish between references that are normative and
those that are not. The publishing of an RFC is generally blocked
until all references to normative documents can be
satisified. References to non-normative documents are simply cited as
"works in progress".

Thomas


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 13 Jul 2002 03:55:40 +0300.
             <3D2F7A8C.4090600@kolumbus.fi> 
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 03:33:28 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   2. SPD Entries
   
=> you should add the direction (in/out) and (funny?) the interface.

    We assume ESP is used with manually configured SAs.
   
=> I have a real concern about this assumption: we should use
something like IKE (and we know how to use it in fact, don't forget
that near I-D 13 we had some interoperable implementations with full
IPsec). BTW low SPIs are *reserved*. Last point, for these entries
(i.e., not the RR pair, ...), AH is enough and should be allowed.

   3. Packet Formats
   
   The HoTI messages tunneled to the HA look like this:
   
      IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
      Dst Opt
         HAO

=> why a HAO here? This is a *tunnel*!

      ESP hdr
      IPv6 hdr (HoA, CN)
      Mobility Hdr
         HoTI
   
   The HoT messages tunneled from the HA look like this:
   
      IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
      Routing hdr
         HoA

=> same concern.

      ESP hdr
      IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
      Mobility Hdr
         HoT
   
   4.5. Procedures for Tunneling a HoTI to the HA
   
   - This matches the SPD entry for IPsec processing,
     resulting in:
   
      IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
      ESP hdr
      IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
      Mobility hdr
         HoTI
   
=> NO, the tunnel has CoA and HA outer addresses!

   4.7. Procedures for Tunneling a HoT to the MN
   
   - This matches the IPsec SPD entries, resulting in the
     application of SA7:
   
      IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
      ESP hdr
      IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
      Mobility Hdr
         HoTI
   
=> same problem.

   5. Conclusions
   
   All addresses in the SPD entries, in the selectors, and in the tunnel
   gateway settings shall use the home address of the mobile node, and
   not the care-of address.
   
=> please add "traffic" before the word "selectors".

   For outbound packets, IPsec processing shall take place before
   mobility processing (routing headers, HAO, tunnel headers). For
   inbound packets, mobility processing shall take place before IPsec.
   All this is normal behaviour in any case.
   
   Some packets -- such as HoTI and HoT -- are protected by IPsec when
   tunneled via the home agent. At the HA, packet interception shall be
   followed by IPsec processing, and mobility delivery processing shall
   take place after IPsec processing. If IPsec processing does not add
   anything (like for example a data packet from CN to MN), the BC lookup
   will result in the addition of a tunnel (src = HA, dest = CoA, no
   routing header) to the data packet.  if IPsec processing adds
   something (like a tunnel for HoT message), BC lookup will result in
   the addition of a routing header.
   
=> no, it is deeply stupid to add a degenerated tunnel stuff to
an already encapsulated packet: just use the correct addresses!

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Hi 

I'm Msc.srudent ...I decided to do my thesis in handover ,I have read
drafts and papers for the achievement of fast handover but i felt
that i got lost...so i need an advice to the right way.
thanka in advance......

lalo


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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
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James Kempf wrote:

> One question: 
> 
> Are manual SAs required or was that just a convenience for specifying what the SPD and SAD entries look like?


Dynamically established SAs are also possible. A different security
policy set up is needed. Or to be more exact, a different security
policy set up is more useful with dynamic keying, as you may not need
to deal with individual entries for all mobile nodes.

It looks like it would be useful to have some text that describes
the dynamic set up as well.

Jari






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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
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Thanks Francis for taking a look at this. I was about to ask you to
review the rules anyway ;-) Some discussion inline below:

>    2. SPD Entries
>    
> => you should add the direction (in/out) and (funny?) the interface.


Yes.


>     We assume ESP is used with manually configured SAs.
>    
> => I have a real concern about this assumption: we should use
> something like IKE (and we know how to use it in fact, don't forget
> that near I-D 13 we had some interoperable implementations with full
> IPsec).


I agree... the intention is to write another example that shows how
to set up IKE-based security.

> BTW low SPIs are *reserved*.


Right ;-)

> Last point, for these entries
> (i.e., not the RR pair, ...), AH is enough and should be allowed.


Agreed. Draft 18 should allow any type of IPsec to be used (except
for RR encryption). The text above should have read "Our examples
assume ESP is used..."


>    3. Packet Formats
>    
>    The HoTI messages tunneled to the HA look like this:
>    
>       IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
>       Dst Opt
>          HAO
> 
> => why a HAO here? This is a *tunnel*!
> 
>       ESP hdr
>       IPv6 hdr (HoA, CN)
>       Mobility Hdr
>          HoTI
>    
>    The HoT messages tunneled from the HA look like this:
>    
>       IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
>       Routing hdr
>          HoA
> 
> => same concern.


The question is: do we first encapsulate in an IPv6 tunnel due to
normal MIPv6 tunneling principles and then apply IPsec, or do we
first apply IPsec and only then check if MIPv6 tunneling is
necessary?

If we do the former, I'm not sure how we can make the SPD
entries specific enough so that they would match only the MH
messages, but leave rest of traffic in the clear. Can IPsec
SPD entries see through the tunnel header?

>       ESP hdr
>       IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
>       Mobility Hdr
>          HoT
>    
>    4.5. Procedures for Tunneling a HoTI to the HA
>    
>    - This matches the SPD entry for IPsec processing,
>      resulting in:
>    
>       IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=HA)
>       ESP hdr
>       IPv6 hdr (src=HoA, dst=CN)
>       Mobility hdr
>          HoTI
>    
> => NO, the tunnel has CoA and HA outer addresses!


See above for a discussion of tunnel-first-then-ipsec vs.
ipsec-first-then-tunnel.
 
>    4.7. Procedures for Tunneling a HoT to the MN
>    
>    - This matches the IPsec SPD entries, resulting in the
>      application of SA7:
>    
>       IPv6 hdr (src=HA, dst=HoA)
>       ESP hdr
>       IPv6 hdr (src=CN, dst=HoA)
>       Mobility Hdr
>          HoTI
>    
> => same problem.
> 
>    5. Conclusions
>    
>    All addresses in the SPD entries, in the selectors, and in the tunnel
>    gateway settings shall use the home address of the mobile node, and
>    not the care-of address.
>    
> => please add "traffic" before the word "selectors".


Ok.


>    For outbound packets, IPsec processing shall take place before
>    mobility processing (routing headers, HAO, tunnel headers). For
>    inbound packets, mobility processing shall take place before IPsec.
>    All this is normal behaviour in any case.
>    
>    Some packets -- such as HoTI and HoT -- are protected by IPsec when
>    tunneled via the home agent. At the HA, packet interception shall be
>    followed by IPsec processing, and mobility delivery processing shall
>    take place after IPsec processing. If IPsec processing does not add
>    anything (like for example a data packet from CN to MN), the BC lookup
>    will result in the addition of a tunnel (src = HA, dest = CoA, no
>    routing header) to the data packet.  if IPsec processing adds
>    something (like a tunnel for HoT message), BC lookup will result in
>    the addition of a routing header.
>    
> => no, it is deeply stupid to add a degenerated tunnel stuff to
> an already encapsulated packet: just use the correct addresses!

Let me first check if you are objecting

1) The order, ipsec-first-then-tunnel?
2) The addition of a tunnel in the ipsec-does-not-add-anything
    case above? I suppose not, this is normal MIPv6 tunneling from the
    HA.
3) The addition of RH to the IPsec-tunneled packet?

I'm assuming you must talk about #3.

This is a design choice. We could either use HoA or CoA as the destination
of the tunnel. If we use the HoA (as we have suggested), the IPsec SPD
and SAD entries are static and do not have to be modified when the MN
moves. This eliminates the need for coordination between the MIPv6 and
IPsec code parts. The disadvantage is an additional RH in the packet (24
bytes?). I suppose it would also be possible to use the CoA as the
destination of the tunnel, but then we need the API.

Jari



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 15 Jul 2002 07:33:27 +0300.
             <3D325097.5000406@kolumbus.fi> 
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 07:13:25 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

=> a hard question to begin: is the MN <-> HA tunnel an interface?   
   
   >    3. Packet Formats
   >    
   >    The HoTI messages tunneled to the HA look like this:
   >    
   >       IPv6 hdr (CoA, HA)
   >       Dst Opt
   >          HAO
   > 
   > => why a HAO here? This is a *tunnel*!
   > 
   >       ESP hdr
   >       IPv6 hdr (HoA, CN)
   >       Mobility Hdr
   >          HoTI
   >    
   >    The HoT messages tunneled from the HA look like this:
   >    
   >       IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
   >       Routing hdr
   >          HoA
   > 
   > => same concern.
   
   The question is: do we first encapsulate in an IPv6 tunnel due to
   normal MIPv6 tunneling principles and then apply IPsec, or do we
   first apply IPsec and only then check if MIPv6 tunneling is
   necessary?
   
=> this question is not sound because you specified a tunnel mode,
so the tunnel is both a MIPv6 and IPsec one (i.e., the worms are
going out of the can :-).

   If we do the former, I'm not sure how we can make the SPD
   entries specific enough so that they would match only the MH
   messages, but leave rest of traffic in the clear. Can IPsec
   SPD entries see through the tunnel header?
   
=> yes because they use traffic selectors in a tunnel mode...
Of course a transport mode over a tunnel should be different.

   >    For outbound packets, IPsec processing shall take place before
   >    mobility processing (routing headers, HAO, tunnel headers). For
   >    inbound packets, mobility processing shall take place before IPsec.
   >    All this is normal behaviour in any case.
   >    
   >    Some packets -- such as HoTI and HoT -- are protected by IPsec when
   >    tunneled via the home agent. At the HA, packet interception shall be
   >    followed by IPsec processing, and mobility delivery processing shall
   >    take place after IPsec processing. If IPsec processing does not add
   >    anything (like for example a data packet from CN to MN), the BC lookup
   >    will result in the addition of a tunnel (src = HA, dest = CoA, no
   >    routing header) to the data packet.  if IPsec processing adds
   >    something (like a tunnel for HoT message), BC lookup will result in
   >    the addition of a routing header.
   >    
   > => no, it is deeply stupid to add a degenerated tunnel stuff to
   > an already encapsulated packet: just use the correct addresses!
   
   Let me first check if you are objecting
   
   1) The order, ipsec-first-then-tunnel?
   2) The addition of a tunnel in the ipsec-does-not-add-anything
       case above? I suppose not, this is normal MIPv6 tunneling from the
       HA.
   3) The addition of RH to the IPsec-tunneled packet?
   
   I'm assuming you must talk about #3.
   
=> #3 because if your IPsec tunnel is correctly set up you should not
have to add something. I argue IPsec and Mobile IPv6 should cooperate,
I am trying to convince people in the ipsec WG (look at my draft
draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt) so I'd like to avoid the same issue
from mobileip WG: one encapsulation is enough, or with other words
why four addresses are not enough?

   This is a design choice.

=> without a discussion?

   We could either use HoA or CoA as the destination
   of the tunnel. If we use the HoA (as we have suggested), the IPsec SPD
   and SAD entries are static and do not have to be modified when the MN
   moves.

=> it seems you have not yet understood all the IPsec details:
the SPD and SAD entries don't change because the traffic selectors
are for the inner addresses... Of course the fact you can characterize
a SA with zero to four addresses (I have a reference for the five cases)
doesn't really help (:-).

   This eliminates the need for coordination between the MIPv6 and
   IPsec code parts.

=> this coordination is a good target. I strongly object to avoid
it (i.e., don't put a MUST for the HOA/RH here).

   The disadvantage is an additional RH in the packet (24
   bytes?). I suppose it would also be possible to use the CoA as the
   destination of the tunnel, but then we need the API.
   
=> you need something or you won't be able to establish the SA pair
for the MN-HA BU/BA exchange (don't forget the MN side selector is
the HoA and you can't use the HoA until the BU is processed).
My suggession is to get the whole stuff: current IKE is being modified
(in drafts for IKEv1, directly in IKEv2) for NAT traversal (an ipsec
WG charter item) which is intrinsically insecure. With some good
arguments we can get a good mobility/multi-homing support (without
the security bug).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 03:05:34 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Jari Arkko '" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: "''mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com' '" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] The link-local address issue
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 09:04:50 +0200
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Jari asked me to send this to the list so we don't 
forget. 

The problem I'm thinking of is related to the link-local
address in the MN. Currently IPv6 implementations have one
link-local address. If there is a collision on a visited 
link (rare but possible) then the MN might do what 2462
says (wait for reconfiguration, which is too drastic)
or generate a new iid. If it does the latter then it is 
likely to delete the link-local address. This could be a 
problem when the MN goes home and attempts to deregister 
with its link local address. 
So it might be best to recommend that the MN keeps 
track of its 'Home link-local address' (new!). 

Alternatively, the MN can deregister with its global home address?
But I didn't think about this last alternative. 
We can talk about it in the meeting. 

Hesham


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 03:54:00 2002
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
cc: "'Jari Arkko '" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "''mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com' '" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] The link-local address issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 15 Jul 2002 09:04:50 +0200.
             <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF0538044F0852@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se> 
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 09:52:46 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   The problem I'm thinking of is related to the link-local
   address in the MN. Currently IPv6 implementations have one
   link-local address. If there is a collision on a visited 
   link (rare but possible) then the MN might do what 2462
   says (wait for reconfiguration, which is too drastic)
   or generate a new iid. If it does the latter then it is 
   likely to delete the link-local address. This could be a 
   problem when the MN goes home and attempts to deregister 
   with its link local address. 

=> we have to wait for the DAD/DIIDD resolution but in some cases
IMHO it can be a good idea to use a RFC 3041 address:
 - no interference with the HA "address protection"
 - the collision case is handled in a reasonable way
 - privacy is better (i.e., get a new RFC 3041 when the link changes)
Of course, it works better if the layer 2 says the link can have changed...

   So it might be best to recommend that the MN keeps 
   track of its 'Home link-local address' (new!). 
   
=> urgh!

   Alternatively, the MN can deregister with its global home address?

=> it can if there is no strange game with the neighbor discovery.

   But I didn't think about this last alternative. 
   We can talk about it in the meeting. 
   
=> I believe we should wait for the IPv6 WG in order to do the work
only once (to go back to my first statement).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 04:28:11 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Francis Dupont '" <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>,
        "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
Cc: "''Jari Arkko ' '" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'''mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com' ' '" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] The link-local address issue 
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 10:25:45 +0200
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Francis wrote:

 => I believe we should wait for the IPv6 WG in order to do the work
only once (to go back to my first statement).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


=> Well then let's get it on the IPv6 agenda
ASAP. Personally I think the quick and dirty way
would be to do it in MIP (and I don't mind that
too much :) ) but a cleaner way might be to get 
a claer statement from IPv6. Having said that, 
I thought they already gave a unanymoous statement
saying that it _is_ DAD not DIID, no ?

Hesham




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 07:07:57 2002
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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 12:05:26 +0100
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Jari Arkko wrote:
>
> Works for me too. Let's prohibit it. Also, we need to worry
> about the case where the prefixes change between S=0 reg & dereg.
> So, my proposal is to define an S=0 dereg as a deregistration of
> those addresses that were registered in the original S=0 reg. If no
> such original S=0 reg was done, the HA will return a new BA
> error code.
>
> Finally, in a S=0 rereg we could implicitly dereg all address whose
> prefixes have disappeared between the reg & dereg. This appears
> unnecessary, though, as the HA would not allow the lifetime to exceed
> the prefix lifetimes. But this should be noted in the draft to make it
> clear.
>
While you're there, you might also want to note the intended DAD behaviour upon
receipt of a S=0 rereg when new prefixes have appeared. Presumably, you DAD and
defend the new addresses when the rereg BU arrives, and not before. That is, you
do not do it immediately the applicable prefixes come into operation. Or do you?

Kevin.



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 07:59:29 2002
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 13:58:41 +0200
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Please put again the R bit in BUs, R is set to one if the MN is a router,
R is set to zero if it is a host *and* this bit is copied into Neighbor
Advertisements (in the R bit :-) sent by the Home Agent on the behalf
of the MN.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] 802.11b access in Tokyo and Kyoto with IP mobility (fwd)
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2 21:21:26 JST
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As not so many people in mobile-IP WG are, seemingly, reading the IETF
list, here is a copy of my posting to the list to offer

	802.11b access in Tokyo and Kyoto with IP mobility

						Masataka Ohta
--
Forwarded message:
> From listadm@loki.ietf.org Fri Jul 12 18:03:02 2002
> X-Authentication-Warning: ietf.org: majordom set sender to owner-ietf@ietf.org using -f
> From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@NECOM830.HPCL.TITECH.AC.JP>
> Message-Id: <200207120830.RAA09795@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
> Subject: 802.11b access in Tokyo and Kyoto with IP mobility
> To: ietf@ietf.org
> Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 17:30:08 +0859 ()
> X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL68 (25)]
> Sender: owner-ietf@ietf.org
> Precedence: bulk
> X-Loop: ietf@ietf.org
> 
> Dear IETF participants;
> 
> MIS (Mobile Internet Services, Inc., http://www.miserv.net (in English,
> http://www.miserv.net/miserv-new/english_new/) and Miako Net Project
> (http://www.miako.net) are pleased to announce to jointly offer IETF
> participants free Mobile IPv4 access with 802.11b wireless LAN in
> Tokyo with more than 200 base stations and Kyoto with more than 100
> base stations (sorry, none in Yokohama).
> 
> A clickable map for the service areas in Tokyo is located at:
> 
> 	http://www.miserv.net/miserv-new/renew/service/serv03area.html
> 
> A map for the service areas in Kyoto is located at:
> 
> 	http://www.sccj.com/miako/area.files/miako_map_v5.01.png
> 
> With mobile IP, you can move from one access point to another without
> losing the connection, of course.
> 
> I will deliver those of you who are interested in our service account
> information valid in July, 2002.
> 
> However, MIS considers it essential social responsibility of wireless
> ISPs to cryptographically secure communication between our access points
> and terminals of identified users.
> 
> So, MIS users are required to
> 
> 	1) download and install software for cryptographically secure
> 	communication with packet-wise MD5/AES protection
> 
> 	2) identify yourself to MIS/Miako
> 
> For the identification, contact me or some other person of MIS or Miako
> Project personally with proper identification (e.g. IETF badge). On
> Sunday, I'll be in a terminal room between 16:00 and 17:00 and reception
> between 17:00~18:00. Or, I can mail the account information by e-mail
> to authorized mail addresses, if you can fill the attached application
> form.
> 
> The authorized mail addresses are mail addresses identity of which is
> reliably recognized. All the mail addresses appears in some RFC or
> unexpired Internet Draft are considered authorized. You can suggest me
> other ways to authorize mail addresses (no, I'm not using PGP).
> 
> We are happy to issue multiple account for a single application, if
> the applicant is responsible for the use of all the account.
> 
> Driver software for UNIX (NetBSD 1.5.2 (not tested), NetBSD 1.5ZA20020115,
> FreeBSD 4.4R (not tested a lot)) can be found at:
> 
> 	ftp://chacha.hpcl.titech.ac.jp/misclient-20020705.tar.gz
> 
> Driver software for Windows 2000/XP can be found at:
> 
> 	http://www.miserv.net/miserv-new/english_new/driver/driver.html
> 
> or
> 
> 	ftp://chacha.hpcl.titech.ac.jp/Genuine208_2KXP_E.exe
> 
> The driver should work with most PCMCIA WLAN cards (but not with WLAN
> interface internal to PCs). A official list of cards, applicability
> of which is verified, is available at:
> 
> 	http://www.miserv.net/miserv-new/renew/service/setup/setup1.html
> 
> Enjoy.
> 
> 							Masataka Ohta
> 
> --
> Application Form for MIS/Miako Account
> (mailto:mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp)
> 
> Name:
> 
> Home (not IP but Postal) Address:
> 
> Country:
> 
> Email (optional):
> 
> Number of Accounts You can be Responsible for (default: 1):
> 
> Authorized Mail Address:
> 
> Name and page # of an RFC or an Internet Draft where the Authorized Mail
> Address can be found:
> 
> Comments or Special Requirements:
> 
> --
> 
> 



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 08:39:18 2002
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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] A post in the IETF list on 3G and the Internet
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2 21:26:55 JST
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This is from the IETF list on reality of 3G:

> Subject: Re: 802.11b access in Tokyo and Kyoto with IP mobility

> For the record, I'm sitting at this instant in Tokyo Station, and am on my 
> way from Narita to Yokohama. I am sitting in the green car, and I accessed 
> the appropriate web page.
> 
> I have wonderful 802.11 connectivity, and I have an IP address. Whether 
> that means I can use the Internet is another question. On the parts of the 
> track where the connectivity is there, we see ping round trip delays 
> varying from 380 ms to over four seconds. There are fairly large parts of 
> the track where the NTT DoCoMo 3G data connectivity appears to simply not 
> be there - especially when in concrete tubes and ditches, but also on 
> places with open track.
> 
> So I think here the term "seamless", when applied to connectivity, doesn't 
> really apply.

If you are interested, you can check list archive:

	http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/ietf/Current/index.html

for further posting.

						Masataka Ohta


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 09:41:43 2002
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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 14:40:32 +0100
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Francis Dupont wrote:

> 
> Please put again the R bit in BUs, R is set to one if the MN 
> is a router,
> R is set to zero if it is a host *and* this bit is copied 
> into Neighbor
> Advertisements (in the R bit :-) sent by the Home Agent on the behalf
> of the MN.
> 
Seconded.

Kevin. 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 10:12:03 2002
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
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FYI, we have specified this in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt  -- we did it
there because I don't know what the prospects for putting it back in the base
spec would be.
-TJ

Francis Dupont wrote:

> Please put again the R bit in BUs, R is set to one if the MN is a router,
> R is set to zero if it is a host *and* this bit is copied into Neighbor
> Advertisements (in the R bit :-) sent by the Home Agent on the behalf
> of the MN.
>
> Regards
>
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 12:05:12 2002
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
In-Reply-To: <200207151158.g6FBwfGF061645@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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Francis Dupont writes:
 > Please put again the R bit in BUs, R is set to one if the MN is a router,
 > R is set to zero if it is a host *and* this bit is copied into Neighbor
 > Advertisements (in the R bit :-) sent by the Home Agent on the behalf
 > of the MN.

   I'll bite: what does something do with this information?

	      Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 12:44:42 2002
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] HAO and BE processing will be mandated
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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Hi all,

I'm sorry to raise this topic so many times, I still don't understand
the reason.

The current mip6 (draft-18) says that all IPv6 nodes:

- MUST be able to validate a HAO
- MUST be able to send a Binding Error message

I think I understand the benefit of the above requirements.  If an
IPv6 node supports the above requirements, a mobile node can
communicate with the IPv6 node using a triangular routing if HAO is
protected by the IPsec.

But, even if there is no such requirement, a mobile node can
communicate with all IPv6 nodes in the world using bi-directional
tunneling.  This requires nothing to all existing and future IPv6
nodes.

I may misread/misunderstand something.  If so, please correct me.


I'm not sure it is important or not to mandate HAO/BE to make a
triangular routing possible.  But it seems to me that such
requirements make it harder to make mip6 become an rfc.  I still don't
think such new requirements are accepted by the IPv6 WG.


Again, I'm sorry I should have sent this comment earlier.  I really
want to make the mip6 spec RFC as soon as possible.  I think fewer
requirements is better for fast deploying.  

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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CC: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
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James Kempf wrote:
> 
> Why not have it be an option? There will likely be other algorithms that will be used for protecting BUs and they may need
> other stuff.

It is an option currently. Jari, lets leave it like that instead
of making it a fixed field.

Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> But this discussion leads me to think about a possible solution: what if we
> required the alt coa option to be present in all BUs that are not protected
> by RR? In the current spec this would imply having them in all HA BUs. This
> would keep the current formats, avoid the security problem, and avoid the
> need for the MIPv6 module to know what kind of IPsec is being used to protect
> the BUs.

if the HA BUs were protected by IPsec AH or some other mechanism,
then there is no need for this fixed field. it is *only* needed
for ESP protected BUs. infact it would also be needed if a BU to
a CN were protected by ESP.

regards
Vijay


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James Kempf wrote:

> 
> Would your opinion change if these triggers were described in the abstract within the document? Similar to what Charlie and I
> discussed the other day? Thus, there would be no normative references outside the document.

yes, ofcourse! in any way that doesnt tie FMIPv6 draft to L2 triggers
draft.

Vijay


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To: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Mobile Cookies Length
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hi Jari,

I was trying to figure out why the length of the Mobile Cookies 
(HoT and CoT cookie) have been increased from 32 bits to 64 bits. 
the only justication I have found till now is that "it is good to
have the same length of all cookies". I disagree. HoT and CoT are
just for preventing spoofed HoT and CoT messages. 32 bits are 
more than enough. OTOH, I do agree that Home Cookie and Care-of 
Cookie have to be 64 bits aleast (they are used for BU authentication).

I think we should reduce the mobile cookies to 32 bits (as was in 
draft 17). it saves 32 bits each for four messages (HoTi, CoTi,
HoT and CoT).

regards
Vijay


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1) 
Section 6.1.2
>    When a mobile node receives a
>    packet containing a Binding Refresh Request message and there
>    already exists a Binding Update List entry for the source of the
>    Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability procedure
>    (see Section 5.2) if it believes the amount of traffic with the
>    correspondent justifies the use of route optimization.

remove 'if it believes the amount of traffic with the correspondent 
justifies the use of route optimization'. it is already a MAY. it
is very often difficult to figure out (from the kernel) the amount
of traffic than an application might generated.

anyway, the previous line says 'it MAY start a return routability 
procedue'. I dont think we have to supply the reason not to do it.

2)
Section 6.1.6
> 
>       Reserved
> 
>          The two 16-bit fields are reserved for future use.  These
>          values MUST be initialized to zero by the sender, and MUST be
>          ignored by the receiver.

remove this. there is no reserved field in the CoT message.

3)
Section 6.1.8
>             135   Sequence number out of window

invalid sequence number(?)

>             136   Route optimization unnecessary due to low traffic

I didnt find this used anywhere. do we need this?

4)
Section 10.2
>    -  The Refresh field MUST be set to a value less than or equal to
>        the Lifetime value being returned in the Binding Update.  If the
>        home agent stores the Binding Cache entry in nonvolatile storage
>        (that survives the crash or other failure of the home agent),
>        then the Refresh field SHOULD be set to the same value as the
>        Lifetime field; otherwise, the home agent MAY set the Refresh
>        field to a value less than the Lifetime field, to indicate that
>        the mobile node SHOULD attempt to refresh its home registration
>        at the indicated shorter interval (although the home agent will
>        still retain the registration for the Lifetime period, even if
>        the mobile node does not refresh its registration within the
>        Refresh period).

The refresh field is no longer there in the BU/BA. you should probably
describe the Binding Refresh Advice option here.

5)
Section 10.9.1
>    To avoid possible security attacks from forged Mobile Prefix
>    Advertisements all such Advertisements MUST be authenticated to the
>    mobile node by its home agent using IPsec [4, 5, 6].

is 'MUST' the right keyword? because in another place

>          If a Security Association for the IP Authentication Header
>          exists between the sender and the destination address, then the
>          sender SHOULD include this header.  [subject to change]

Vijay


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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"Hesham Soliman (EAB)" wrote:
> 
> Francis wrote:
> 
>  => I believe we should wait for the IPv6 WG in order to do the work
> only once (to go back to my first statement).
> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
> => Well then let's get it on the IPv6 agenda
> ASAP. Personally I think the quick and dirty way
> would be to do it in MIP (and I don't mind that
> too much :) ) but a cleaner way might be to get
> a claer statement from IPv6. Having said that,
> I thought they already gave a unanymoous statement
> saying that it _is_ DAD not DIID, no ?

DAD vs DIID discussin is on the IPv6 agenda. hopefully we get
a clear statement from that discussion.

Vijay


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Jari Arkko wrote:

> Taking
> in account alignment / padding requirements, if we have more than 16
> bits we might as well make them 64 bits without wasting any more
> bandwidth.

alignment requirements are best solved by padding. tomorrow, if 
somebody defines a new option for HoTi/CoTi/HoT/CoT messages, those 
options would fill up this space. you shouldnt make this cookies 
longer (saying you have to pad anyway today).

Vijay


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 18:07:45 2002
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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
CC: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
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hi Francis,

Francis Dupont wrote:

> => a hard question to begin: is the MN <-> HA tunnel an interface?

the tunnel end point changes every time the MN moves. 

> => yes because they use traffic selectors in a tunnel mode...
> Of course a transport mode over a tunnel should be different.

lets assume the MN receives the following packet. it is a tunneled
HoT message.

IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
ESP hdr
IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
Mobility hdr
     HoT

to pick the right SA, the MN needs destination address, SPI and IPsec
protocol. it is missing the destination address. the only way out
seemed to be to add the routing header.

> => #3 because if your IPsec tunnel is correctly set up you should not
> have to add something. I argue IPsec and Mobile IPv6 should cooperate,
> I am trying to convince people in the ipsec WG (look at my draft
> draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt) so I'd like to avoid the same issue
> from mobileip WG: one encapsulation is enough, or with other words
> why four addresses are not enough?

this draft is good. I am not on the IPsec mailing list. has this been
discussed there? is it being adopted? is there anything Mobile IP WG
can do to help?

> => this coordination is a good target. I strongly object to avoid
> it (i.e., don't put a MUST for the HOA/RH here).

the MUST can definitely be avoided. but for IPsec and MIPv6 to
work together as they are currently defined, I think we need HAO 
and RH.

regards
Vijay


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Hi,

I have a few comments on the sections of draft 18 I've read so far,
as well as some typos.

-Brian


4.5. Conceptual Data Structures

  "... The contents of all of a node's Binding Cache entries are
           cleared when it reboots. ..."

This isn't necessarily the case if we use nonvolatile storage as
Section 10.2 suggests.


6.1.1. Format

   The Mobility Header is identified by a Next Header value of TBD in
   the immediately preceding header, and has the following format:

Can we assign an interim "Next Header" value so we'll be able to test
interoperability at ETSI, even if we don't put it in the draft right now?
IANA has 55 for "IP Mobility", but I didn't think Mipv4 used a protocol number?


6.1.8. Binding Acknowledgement (BA) Message

   The Binding Acknowledgement is sent to the source address of the
   Binding Update message, regardless of whether the Binding Update
   succeeded or failed.  No Routing Headers are added to the message.

Section 9.4.4 describes when and how to send a BAck to a MN, this
paragraph should probably be removed.


6.1.9. Binding Error (BE) Message

What should the Home Address field be set to if the error status is 2,
the unspecified address?  Maybe section 9.4.6 should clarify this, instead
of putting it in both 9.2.1 and 9.2.2.


Section 9.2.1 applies to all Mipv6 nodes, not just CNs, so it should
probably be moved elsewhere.  It also doesn't say what to do if the
checksum is invalid, I'm assuming you drop the packet.  There was
also a typo (Next Header -> Payload Proto) and some duplicated
text (Subsequent checks...).  Here's a possible rewrite:

9.2.1. Processing Mobility Header (MH) Messages

   All IPv6 nodes MUST observe the following rules when processing
   Mobility Header messages:

    1. The "MH type" field MUST be a known type (Section 6.1), else the
       node SHOULD issue a Binding Error message to the packet's Source
       Address with Status field set to 2, subject to rate limiting in
       the same manner as is done for ICMPv6 messages [14].

    2. The "Payload Proto" field MUST be NO_NXTHDR (59 decimal).

    3. The checksum MUST be verified as per Section 6.1.1.

   Any Mobility Header packet which fails to satisfy all of these rules
   MUST be silently discarded.

   Subsequent checks depend on the particular Mobility Header message,
   as specified in Sections 9.3 and 9.4.

(I also shortened this last paragraph since it seemed redundant)

And maybe the rate limiting piece I added should be in the Binding
Error section since there is more than one place that talks about
sending BEs.

And what do we do if the length isn't even enough to cover the type
or checksum fields?

    4. The "Header Len" field MUST meet the minimum length requirements
       of a Mobility Header (which unfortunately doesn't end on an 8-octet
       boundary), which is one (1)?  I.E. if "Header Len" is zero what
       do we do, ICMP message?


9.3.1. Receiving Home Test Init Messages

    -  The Header Extension Length field MUST be greater than or equal
       to the length specified in Section 6.1.3.

should be:

    -  The MH "Header Len" field MUST be greater than or equal to the
       length specified in Section 6.1.3.

Section 9.3.2 needs a similar change.


9.4.1. Receiving Binding Updates

    -  The Header Len field in the Binding Update option is greater than
       or equal to the length specified in Section 6.1.7.

There is no "Header Len" field in the BU any more, it's in the MH:

    - The MH "Header Len" field MUST be greater than or equal to the
      length specified in Section 6.1.7.


Typos:

  6.1.2, "Binding Requests sent" -> "Binding Refresh Requests sent"

  7.1, H-bit section - "Mobile IP home agent" -> "Mobile IPv6 home agent"

  9.2.2, 3rd para, 1st sentence - "nodes" -> "node"

  11.2.1 - "Mobile IP" -> "Mobile IPv6", 4 times

  11.2.2 - "Mobile IP" -> "Mobile IPv6", 2 times



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Subject: [mobile-ip] Minutes from Bar BoF on mobile IPv4 VPN traveral
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Meeting Logistics:
The group met on 7/15/02 at the IETF-54 meeting location in Yokohama.

Attendees:
Hiroyuki Ohnishi 
Joe Lau 
Alan O'neill 
Atsushi Inouye 
Henrik Levkowetz 
Sami Varaala 
Antti Nueppoen 
Gopal Dommety 
Kent Leung
Milind Kulkarni
Gaetan Feige
Uri Blumenthal 
Farid Adrangi 
Prakash Iyer

We started off with Farid reviewing current status:
- Requirements draft updated and posted as a working group draft with
feedback received 
to date incorporated
Per Phil Roberts' suggestion, the problem statement and solution
requirements draft will be 
combined and an updated draft will be posted soon

Discussion:
The group agreed that the meta problem being solved is the need to support
mobile IP for 
an MN that roams inside and outside an Enterprise network (protected by a
firewall).

In the course of discussions, the group identified some scenarios
(combinations of HA and VPN 
gateway deployments) that the problem statement should mention with issues
concerning each. 
The group also suggested that the problem statement identify scenarios that
solution(s) will attempt 
to address. Solution draft(s) will clearly identify the scenarios and
problems outlined in the problem 
statement draft that they are specifically addressing.

The scenarios identified are described below:

	1.	HA outside the DMZ and VPN inside the DMZ 
* Big problem is - How do you move inside and maintain connectivity
* Issue - Untrusted traffic from CN to MN inside the Enterprise is a problem
* A possible workaround inside the Enterprise would be to disable reverse
tunneling however that 
could break with ingress filtering. If we use reverse tunneling, all packets
(even between nodes in 
the Enterprise) have to be routed via the external HA

	2.	HA and VPN gateway connected in parallel in the DMZ
* Only difference from previous case is that HA and VPN gateway now belong
to the same 
administrative domain
* All traffic (including internal traffic) will hit the DMZ, which may not
be acceptable to 
large Enterprises
* CN outside cannot talk to MN inside
* Needs a virtual home network

	3.	HA and VPN gateway combined in 1 box in the DMZ
* This results in signaling optimization makes it somewhat simpler but
previous problems exist
* There may be no need to standardize the signaling between the 2 boxes
* Needs a virtual home network

A variant of the previous scenario is where HA+VPN is combined in a
distributed manner inside 
the Enterprise - in other words not centralized as described in scenario 3.
This may not be 
acceptable especially for large Enterprises as it requires IPsec traffic
termination on these 
distribution HA+VPN boxes

	4.	VPN gateway in the DMZ and HA in the Intranet
* Main issue here is that the HAs are not visible from the Internet
* The issue of maintaining VPN tunnels across IP subnets needs to be
addressed. One possible 
approach is to deploy another layer of mobile IP in the external network
that essentially results 
in a more persistent care-of address. 

	5.	Reverse Tunneling with IPsec
The approach addresses the problem of MIP and VPN encapsulation overhead by
optimizing the 
combination of these protocols. This could result in protocol changes to MIP
and/or IPsec. Other 
issues are for further study.

Next Steps:

-Include the above-mentioned scenarios in an updated problem statement /
requirements draft.
-Chairs will issue a last call on the problem statement / requirements draft

-Form a design team to evaluate solution(s) addressing the draft mentioned
above



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 15 Jul 2002 08:56:51 PDT.
             <15666.61635.91186.184127@thomasm-u1.cisco.com> 
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 03:15:57 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

    > Please put again the R bit in BUs, R is set to one if the MN is a router,
    > R is set to zero if it is a host *and* this bit is copied into Neighbor
    > Advertisements (in the R bit :-) sent by the Home Agent on behalf
    > of the MN.
   
      I'll bite: what does something do with this information?
   
=> we have the choice between either changing MN to MH in the specs or
putting the correct value in the R bit of NAs (:-).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 15 Jul 2002 15:06:04 PDT.
             <3D33474C.490D4D06@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 03:40:40 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > => a hard question to begin: is the MN <-> HA tunnel an interface?
   
   the tunnel end point changes every time the MN moves. 
   
=> is it a tentative answer to the question (:-)?

   > => yes because they use traffic selectors in a tunnel mode...
   > Of course a transport mode over a tunnel should be different.
   
   lets assume the MN receives the following packet. it is a tunneled
   HoT message.
   
   IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
   Mobility hdr
        HoT
   
   to pick the right SA, the MN needs destination address, SPI and IPsec
   protocol. it is missing the destination address. the only way out
   seemed to be to add the routing header.
   
=> no, if the RH is before the ESP hdr this argument doesn't apply.

   > => #3 because if your IPsec tunnel is correctly set up you should not
   > have to add something. I argue IPsec and Mobile IPv6 should cooperate,
   > I am trying to convince people in the ipsec WG (look at my draft
   > draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt) so I'd like to avoid the same issue
   > from mobileip WG: one encapsulation is enough, or with other words
   > why four addresses are not enough?
   
   this draft is good.

=> thanks!

   I am not on the IPsec mailing list. has this been discussed there?

=> not yet but I am trying to get a slot in the ipsec WG session
Wednesday.

   is it being adopted? is there anything Mobile IP WG can do to help?
   
=> IMHO mobile-ip WG people should ask for a better support for
mobility and multi-homing in IPsec, including the Son-Of-Ike.
Today there is only a buggy NAT-traversal (because it is in the charter)
and a half-baked multi-homing support (from SCTP).

   > => this coordination is a good target. I strongly object to avoid
   > it (i.e., don't put a MUST for the HOA/RH here).
   
   the MUST can definitely be avoided. but for IPsec and MIPv6 to
   work together as they are currently defined, I think we need HAO 
   and RH.
   
=> I disagree. And as the SAD description in the original message
doesn't give the outer addresses I can't see your reasoning.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 21:46:02 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] BU AltSec BAR BOF Report
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 18:39:21 -0700
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These are some notes on the BAR BOF held last night on alternate BU security
mechanisms. There were 18 people in attendance.

Currently, there are three alternative mechanisms that are under consideration.
The list below is ordered by need for infrastructure (least infrastructure
first):

    - Cryptographically Generated Addresses
    - Address Based Keys
    - AAA

We also discussed a couple simple optimizations of Return Routability, like
substituting for the Home Address Cookie, that would improve the performance but
still maintain the basic algorithm.

The group agreed that the primary requirement for any new algorithm is that it
should improve on the Return Routability performance by cutting down on the
number of messages involved in doing Route Optimization.

Secondarily, improvement in the very few security areas where Return Routability
still has vulnerabilities would also be of interest.

An important consideration for any algorithm is that it prevent selective
bombing attacks, where a node can launch a DoS attack through a third party. The
CoTI/CoT exchange is designed to prevent this. Any algorithm which doesn't
prevent selective bombing attacks should be excluded. Bombing attacks on
networks were also discussed, since CGA won't prevent them, but they were
thought to be of a lesser concern.

We talked briefly about how to proceed with standardization work in this area,
and all agreed that it should proceed through the MIP group, since the
expertiese and interest is there. Starting a mailing list was suggested, but by
IETF procedure, any discussion would have to proceed through the MIP list.

                jak




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Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2002 19:00:06 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
CC: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>    lets assume the MN receives the following packet. it is a tunneled
>    HoT message.
> 
>    IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
>    ESP hdr
>    IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
>    Mobility hdr
>         HoT
> 
>    to pick the right SA, the MN needs destination address, SPI and IPsec
>    protocol. it is missing the destination address. the only way out
>    seemed to be to add the routing header.
> 
> => no, if the RH is before the ESP hdr this argument doesn't apply.

hold it. I am not sure we are talking about the same thing. you mean
something like this?

IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
Routing hdr (HoA)
ESP hdr
IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
Mobility hdr
     HoT

if yes, this is what is there in the writeup. if no, I dont follow.

Vijay


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 15 Jul 2002 19:00:06 PDT.
             <3D337E26.844AB602@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 04:13:01 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >    lets assume the MN receives the following packet. it is a tunneled
   >    HoT message.
   > 
   >    IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
   >    ESP hdr
   >    IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
   >    Mobility hdr
   >         HoT
   > 
   >    to pick the right SA, the MN needs destination address, SPI and IPsec
   >    protocol. it is missing the destination address. the only way out
   >    seemed to be to add the routing header.
   > 
   > => no, if the RH is before the ESP hdr this argument doesn't apply.
   
   hold it. I am not sure we are talking about the same thing. you mean
   something like this?
   
   IPv6 hdr (HA, CoA)
   Routing hdr (HoA)
   ESP hdr
   IPv6 hdr (CN, HoA)
   Mobility hdr
        HoT
   
=> yes, this is in the original message. And as the inbound processing
puts the HoA in the source IPsec doesn't see the CoA and is happy.
My concern is that if it works there is a more efficient solution.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 15 22:34:45 2002
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Comment on Issue 56 (Optimizations in DHAD)
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Hi all,

Yesterday in the Mobile IP meeting, I made a comment on Issue 56, which 
I want to re-iterate on the list.

The Issue is regarding optimizations of DHAD responses from HAs. There 
are two optimizations that seem to be in conflict:

1. When the HA is higest priority on the list, it omits its own entry 
from the list. Hence, if there is no entry with the sending HA's 
address, there is an implied entry with highest priority.

2. When the reply message exceeds the MTU of the sending interface, the 
packet is truncated to fit within one packet.


The apparent conflict is the following: if #2 happens (the packet is 
truncated), it is possible that an entry for the sending HA would have 
been very low priority (or even not in the list, if possible), but is 
now truncated and doesn't show up in the list, so the MN assumes there's 
an entry with highest priority.

Optimization #1 is a good one, since it is likely that the sending HA 
will always want itself as the highest priority. So to lose this 
optimization just to prevent the conflict case (which is unlikely -- it 
doesn't seem HA lists will be excessively long very often) is a shame.

So the compromise I suggested is the following, which will preserve both 
optimizations:

1. When the sending HA is highest priority in the list, omit it from the 
list. This is the same as the current proposal.

2. Define the following variables:
   i = number of entries in home agent list which will fit within MTU of 
sending interface
   j = posistion of sending HA in list
   k = total length of HA list
Now, when the whole list will not fit into a single packet (i < k), we 
can truncate the packet as follows: if the sending HA appears within the 
MTU (j < i), or the sending HA is highest priority (j=0), simply 
truncate the list by sending HAs {1..i}. If the sending HA would be 
truncated off the end of the list (i < j < k), simply send the truncated 
list, but replace the last entry with the sending HA {1..i-1, j}.

In this way, there is no ambiguity: the sending HA will either always 
appear in the packet (if it's past the truncation point, it is sent as 
the last entry), or it does not appear and we know that it is highest 
priority.

-TJ



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From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 02:41:10 -0400
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Firstly..apologies for the long mail...

I discussed this briefly with Jari after the wg last night to raise concerns
about the stated resolution for this issue in the meeting. Jari suggested I
post a little more text to the wg on this issue so that the problem with the
stated direction is clearer.

The suggested resolution was that the use of the home multicast system via a
bi-directional tunnel be included in the spec (fine) but that a MN can
optionally use, for the foreign multicast system, its CCoA as a source
address (not fine) to originate traffic to a multicast group, and that the
detailed mechanisms for this would be detailed in draft-oneill-multicast
etc..

The problem with the latter (CCoA based origination into the foreign
multicast system) is that a MN multicast originator never knows about the
location or number of the receivers on a multicast group, and multicast
groups can use different types of tree building mechanisms (multicast
protocols) in different operator domains. For global multicast groups there
is also an inter-domain tree building protocol which interconnects the trees
in different domains.

Now some of these tree building protocols, including the current
inter-domain protocol (MSDP), build source specific multicast trees where
the source address is installed into the multicast routing entry in each
router on the source specific branch of the multicast tree. These source
trees can specifically be end to end between the MN sender and all group
receivers. Note that the other extreme is that the tree can also have no
sender specific branches with minimal source specific entries limited to the
edge routers only (multicast Designated Routers). The MN nevers knows where
its tree is between these two extremes except possibly for groups scoped to
the foreign domains only (via policy / profile)..

Clearly then, if the MN uses its CCoA as a multicast source address, and
that CCoA is evolving rapidly as the MN moves, then all the source specific
multicast router entries on all source specific branches for all receivers,
need to be updated from the old to the new CCoA at hand-over speed. The
clear danger here is huge thrashing of the multicast routing system with big
groups and/or large numbers of MNs. Therefore, I don't think it is
reasonable to have the base spec enable a MN to use its CCoA as a source
address. It is as dangerous and unscalable (possibly more so) as supporting
MN movement in the unicast routing system by using host routes rather than
MIP edge tunnel redirection. I hope that is clear but am aware there are
differences of opinion so lets thrash that out.

Assuming the above is a fair statement, then it is next clear that the only
stable parts of a MNs address as it moves, which could be safely installed
into the foreign multicast routing state, is either its HoA or the
InterfaceID part of a universal CCoA. There are potential slowly moving
changes to multicast routing protocols (that need significant investigation)
that might enable the MN to scalably originate packets into the foreign
multicast system. Therefore, draft 18 should refer to this future
possibility. However, this work can only progress with significant buy-in,
support and work from the multicast community and I have therefore started
some effort in stimulating awareness of the issue with the relevant ADs and
chairs.

In parallel with this, there are some potential shorter term work arounds
which might be possible which involve modifying the MIP/multicast interface
rather than the multicast protocols themselves. These protocol specific
solutions are not appropriate for standardisation but might be useful within
specific domains here the operator knows what they are doing.. The protocol
specific fixes might however be useful to put in an Informational RFC. One
of these interim workarounds however seems to be reasonably general (and yes
hacky and maybe long-lived) which we could put into the base spec as the
sole option for foreign multicast origination, but this does come with some
future costs.

The interim solution is hybrid multicast whereby the MN joins group G as a
receiver into the foreign multicast system via MLD and normal multicast
mechanisms will build the tree for that group G receiver branch towards the
sender(s) on that group. In addition, the MN originates multicast to the
group using its HoA by reverse tunnelling it to the home network, where it
is injected into the home multicast system as a non-member sender on group
G. No MLD signalling is therefore sent to the HA so the HA must be prepared
to forward such multicast onto the home subnet where multicast mechansims
will need to inject it into the group G tree. The packets must be sent to
the Home subnet so that they will pass the multicast RPF check on the HoA
multicast source address. These HoA originated packets will come down the
multicast tree and arrive back at the MNs access router where there is MLD
state for group G. The HoA sourced packets needs to be delivered to other
members of group G on that multicast router, but should ideally not be
delivered to the MN that owns the HoA in the source address of the multicast
packet. This can only be achieved through the MN sending an MLD join to the
access router for which it specifically excludes itself from receiving
packets with HoA as a source address (source pruning..via exclude). This
should work although it needs to be closely reviewed. The cost though is
that the MN needs to know to do this which means an assumption is being made
about the nature of multicast protocol support in the foreign domain. If
that support changes, then we need a way to upgrade MNs with a replacement
mechanism so that they can completely exploit the foreign multicast system.
In addition, given that all domains will not upgrade their intra-domain
multicast protocols at the same time, we need to ensure that incremental
deployment is possible so that once a MN originates into the foreign
multicast system, subsequent instabilities are not introduced into
downstream domains...

So I would suggest that in base MIPv6 we bar the use of the CCoA as a MN
multicast source address for now (and possibly for ever to be repalced by
the HoA). We can allow home multicast and potentially allow hybrid multicast
with the latter requiring some discussion. What is not in base spec should
go into future revisions of draft-oneill -mip-multicast.. and evolved into a
wg draft. We can get a few interested parties to explore the issues and work
with the multicast community on this. This will no doubt be a long term
effort but we should be able to state the immediate problem and the ideal
requirements, and then pass to the multicast folks. We then need to stick
around and help them build some appropriate longer term solutions...

Finally, also note that the multicast text and mechanisms in RFC3220 needs
to be updated to restrict MN origination into the foreign multicast system
using a CCoA, with similar reasons and options. The hybrid model is again
applicable but this case has the advantage though that the FA can redirect
the non-member sender multicast to the HA and hence hide the type of
multcast support from the MN..

I hope that clarifies the problem to all and lays done a useful way forward
for the base spec and for MIP/multicast. I'll also put up some basic slides
to illustrate this a bit better on the Flarion site and repost feedback from
the multicast community on their view of these issues.

Alan.

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 16 05:37:42 2002
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From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 05:32:36 -0400
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I have a few concerns about some features in draft 18 when applied in
specific future deployment scenarios (ie not protocol problems for now but I
guess applicability issues). 

Specifically they relate to the applicability of the existing RO mechanisms
during rapid movement that may be possible in future cellular networks with
small cells (eg a Manhatten deployment). In contrast the existing mechanisms
seem ok for 3GPPx and 802.11 clusters where movement is less rapid due to
the existance of radio specific hand-off protocols such as RNC relocation
and IAPP etc.

I have discussed these issues with the chairs and they have recommended I
write up a detailed draft because of the complexities and subtleties
involved. I agree with the chairs that these may have to be post base spec
given the significant investment to date. However, I hope the draft will
motivate future additional RO design work in this space and may even attempt
to indicate specific requirements and solution options so we can avoid any
major barriers to this in the base spec. I guess any near term design work
might fit in with some of the stuff coming from last nights BAR BOF..

If people have similar concerns then by all means contact me
privately..although it might be worth waiting for the draft for obvious
reasons..

Alan.




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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 16 07:07:15 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <8C92E23A3E87FB479988285F9E22BE4601202EB5@ftmail.lab.flarion.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 04:03:43 -0700
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Alan,

Performance of RO was a key issue in last night's BAR BOF. A draft with your
views would be helpful.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, July 16, 2002 2:32 AM
Subject: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18


> I have a few concerns about some features in draft 18 when applied in
> specific future deployment scenarios (ie not protocol problems for now but I
> guess applicability issues).
>
> Specifically they relate to the applicability of the existing RO mechanisms
> during rapid movement that may be possible in future cellular networks with
> small cells (eg a Manhatten deployment). In contrast the existing mechanisms
> seem ok for 3GPPx and 802.11 clusters where movement is less rapid due to
> the existance of radio specific hand-off protocols such as RNC relocation
> and IAPP etc.
>
> I have discussed these issues with the chairs and they have recommended I
> write up a detailed draft because of the complexities and subtleties
> involved. I agree with the chairs that these may have to be post base spec
> given the significant investment to date. However, I hope the draft will
> motivate future additional RO design work in this space and may even attempt
> to indicate specific requirements and solution options so we can avoid any
> major barriers to this in the base spec. I guess any near term design work
> might fit in with some of the stuff coming from last nights BAR BOF..
>
> If people have similar concerns then by all means contact me
> privately..although it might be worth waiting for the draft for obvious
> reasons..
>
> Alan.
>
>
>
>
> ****************************************************************************
> ************************************
> This email may contain confidential and privileged material for the sole use
> of the
> intended recipient. Any review or distribution by others is strictly
> prohibited.
> If you are not the intended recipient please contact the sender and delete
> all copies.
> ****************************************************************************
> *************************************
>
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 16 08:41:26 2002
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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'T.J. Kniveton'" <tj@kniveton.com>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Comment on Issue 56 (Optimizations in DHAD)
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 13:40:32 +0100
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T.J. Kniveton wrote:

> Optimization #1 is a good one, since it is likely that the sending HA
> will always want itself as the highest priority.

Why? It will depend on Preference values.

I don't really care which solution is chosen, but IMHO this seems like a
disproportionate amount of effort to *possibly* save 16 bytes in a packet that
already carries an overhead of 56 bytes even before the HA address list is
inserted. If bandwidth is that scarce, perhaps we should consider reducing the
size of the Reserved field which currently occupies 10 bytes. (Only (half)
kidding:-)

Regards,
Kevin.



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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] BU AltSec BAR BOF Report
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> We also discussed a couple simple optimizations of Return Routability, like
> substituting for the Home Address Cookie, that would improve the performance
> but still maintain the basic algorithm.

I think a word is missing above. Substituting what for the HA cookie?

  Erik



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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] minor comments on draft 18
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> remove 'if it believes the amount of traffic with the correspondent 
> justifies the use of route optimization'. it is already a MAY. it
> is very often difficult to figure out (from the kernel) the amount
> of traffic than an application might generated.
> 
> anyway, the previous line says 'it MAY start a return routability 
> procedue'. I dont think we have to supply the reason not to do it.

I personally see great benefits in providing these suggestions to
implementors. I'm concerns that without them implementors of MNs might
think that it is best to always immediately initiate the BU procedure
with any CN. Such an approach would lead to a performance loss (e.g. if
done before every DNS query is sent to a DNS server, or for other short
transactions). If MIPv6 RO causes a performance loss for short transactions
yet is "advertised" to be a performance improved (and delivers performance
improvements for long transactions) it would be unfortunate.

   Erik



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Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 16:09:56 +0200 (CEST)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast
To: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
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> The suggested resolution was that the use of the home multicast system via a
> bi-directional tunnel be included in the spec (fine) but that a MN can
> optionally use, for the foreign multicast system, its CCoA as a source
> address (not fine) to originate traffic to a multicast group, and that the
> detailed mechanisms for this would be detailed in draft-oneill-multicast
> etc..

The way I see this both approaches have performance issues of different
flavors. Reverse tunneling packets through the HA adds delay for packets
(and is subject to additional potentially congested devices in the network).
Using the CoA as the source causes multicast routing related overhead 
as you point out.
Thus I don't think we can say that one is strictly better than the other;
the performance issues aren't comparable.
Hence I don't see a need to prohibit sending packets with the CoA
as the source.

> It is as dangerous and unscalable (possibly more so) as supporting
> MN movement in the unicast routing system by using host routes rather than
> MIP edge tunnel redirection.

I suspect there are cases when reverse tunneling is equally "dangerous and 
unscalable" - it all depends on the assumptions.
So either we allow both ways (and provide future documentation with guidance
on the issues and tradeoffs between them) or we forbit both.

There are similar issues for the joining of multicast groups.
If it is done using the local interface (the "CoA") then the multicast
tree will change as the MN moves, which is bad. 
If it is done over the reverse tunnel (the "HoA") then the multicast
packets will be tunneled from the HA even though copies of the same
multicast packets might already be present on the visited link.

Also in that case I think both approaches make sense under different
cicumstances.

   Erik
 



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18
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hi Alan,

Alan O'Neill wrote:
> 
> I have a few concerns about some features in draft 18 when applied in
> specific future deployment scenarios (ie not protocol problems for now but I
> guess applicability issues).
> 
> Specifically they relate to the applicability of the existing RO mechanisms
> during rapid movement that may be possible in future cellular networks with
> small cells (eg a Manhatten deployment). 

Fast Handoffs (specifically FMIPv6). it moves the RO part out of the
critical stage, by tunneling to the oldCoA of the MN from the oldAR.
the MN has enough time to do Return Routability based RO.

> ****************************************************************************
> ************************************
> This email may contain confidential and privileged material for the sole use
> of the
> intended recipient. Any review or distribution by others is strictly
> prohibited.
> If you are not the intended recipient please contact the sender and delete
> all copies.
> ****************************************************************************
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this statement is not conformant to the IETF policy. this prevents me
from forwarding this mail to anyone I wish.

regards
Vijay


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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs 
In-Reply-To: <200207160115.g6G1FvGF063795@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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Francis Dupont writes:
 >  In your previous mail you wrote:
 > 
 >     > Please put again the R bit in BUs, R is set to one if the MN is a router,
 >     > R is set to zero if it is a host *and* this bit is copied into Neighbor
 >     > Advertisements (in the R bit :-) sent by the Home Agent on behalf
 >     > of the MN.
 >    
 >       I'll bite: what does something do with this information?
 >    
 > => we have the choice between either changing MN to MH in the specs or
 > putting the correct value in the R bit of NAs (:-).

Francis, 

I'm afraid this is little too oblique for poor
moi. I'm sorry if I'm being dense here as I'm
unfortunately not asking rhetorical questions.
What would a neighbor do if it saw the R bit set
in the NA for my mobile node? Set up a default
route?

		  Mike


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] BU AltSec BAR BOF Report
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> > We also discussed a couple simple optimizations of Return Routability, like
> > substituting for the Home Address Cookie, that would improve the performance
> > but still maintain the basic algorithm.
>
> I think a word is missing above. Substituting what for the HA cookie?
>

Tuomas made this suggestion. He did not elaborate on it at the time. Perhaps he
could elaborate now?

            jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 07:28:55 -0700
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Hi Ajoy,

> Ajoy-> Target trigger will be suitable for cellular 
> networks.  BTW, even in case of WLAN, you can receive
> L2-TT trigger at nAP. L2TT (Re-association Request) can 
> provide nAP the L2 address of the oldAP as well as L2 
> address of the mobile node. If we implement FA function 

Does re-association also apply to BSS mode, or when
the station moves between two different ESS?

If it is only used when the station moves from one AP
to another in the same ESS, this is not as interesting,
because the mobility is already handled at link-layer
in 802.11b.

> at AP, then this becomes an implementation issue. 
> If not, then you need to define some protocol between 
> AP and AR which can be addressed in separate document. 

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yegin-l2-triggers-00.txt

...

> Ajoy->IP layer protocol only works for Mobile Initiated trigger. It does
> not work for network initiated trigger. BTW, based upon our 
> implementation, we found anticipated handover does not provide
> good performance on cellular link. Hence, anticipated handover
> is not going to address fast handoff need for various cellular networks. 

Ajoy, was that an FMIPv4 implementation, or FMIPv6 implementation?

alper




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 16 20:41:54 2002
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 16 Jul 2002 12:08:19 PDT.
             <15668.28451.838538.614608@thomasm-u1.cisco.com> 
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 02:40:50 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

    > => we have the choice between either changing MN to MH in the specs or
    > putting the correct value in the R bit of NAs (:-).
   
   What would a neighbor do if it saw the R bit set
   in the NA for my mobile node? Set up a default
   route?
   
=> the answer is in the RFC 2461 (grep for IsRouter).
The R bit is copied into the neighbor cache entry (in the IsRouter bit)
and the important case is the transition from 1 to 0 (i.e., a router
which becomes a host) when the node is used as a default router or
in a redirect...
Today all MNs are MHs but we should *not* close the door to MRs
just for one bit, and without any argument.

See you this afternoon?

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request) 
and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 16 21:17:26 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 18:11:42 -0700
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Reassociation.request() is sent whenever the mobile station is in infrastructure
mode.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
<vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
<rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, July 16, 2002 7:28 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


> Hi Ajoy,
>
> > Ajoy-> Target trigger will be suitable for cellular
> > networks.  BTW, even in case of WLAN, you can receive
> > L2-TT trigger at nAP. L2TT (Re-association Request) can
> > provide nAP the L2 address of the oldAP as well as L2
> > address of the mobile node. If we implement FA function
>
> Does re-association also apply to BSS mode, or when
> the station moves between two different ESS?
>
> If it is only used when the station moves from one AP
> to another in the same ESS, this is not as interesting,
> because the mobility is already handled at link-layer
> in 802.11b.
>
> > at AP, then this becomes an implementation issue.
> > If not, then you need to define some protocol between
> > AP and AR which can be addressed in separate document.
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yegin-l2-triggers-00.txt
>
> ...
>
> > Ajoy->IP layer protocol only works for Mobile Initiated trigger. It does
> > not work for network initiated trigger. BTW, based upon our
> > implementation, we found anticipated handover does not provide
> > good performance on cellular link. Hence, anticipated handover
> > is not going to address fast handoff need for various cellular networks.
>
> Ajoy, was that an FMIPv4 implementation, or FMIPv6 implementation?
>
> alper
>
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 16 21:22:30 2002
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
CC: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
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Francis Dupont wrote:

> => the answer is in the RFC 2461 (grep for IsRouter).
> The R bit is copied into the neighbor cache entry (in the IsRouter bit)
> and the important case is the transition from 1 to 0 (i.e., a router
> which becomes a host) when the node is used as a default router or
> in a redirect...
> Today all MNs are MHs but we should *not* close the door to MRs
> just for one bit, and without any argument.
> 
> See you this afternoon?
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
> PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
> and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).

I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were considered out of
scope of the current spec. the prefix length field was also removed
from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I thought it was 
the WG decision to remove all references to mobile routers in the 
base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.

anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt 
(and a separate prefix option)

Vijay


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 16 21:36:34 2002
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Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 10:34:02 +0900 (JST)
Message-Id: <20020717.103402.51765637.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] a summary of problems for the requirements to the IPv6 base spec
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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I know many of you are tired to read my mail.  But, before IPv6 WG
session, please give me a chance to explain why I think it hard.

There are two parts in the requirements.  One is already accepted by
the IPv6 WG.  The other is not preseneted to them yet.

If we want to put HAO and BE processing into the IPv6 base spac, we
must update the following things.

(1) [already accepted by the IPv6 WG]
    HAO format definition.

(2) [already accepted by the IPv6 WG]
    Modification of the recommended order of the extension headers
    defined in the section 4.1 of RFC2460, because HAO is not
    placed in the DO1 nor DO2.

(3) [not presented yet]
    IPsec consideration.  HAO must not be processed if the packet
    which contains HAO is not protected by the IPsec.

(4-a) [not presented yet]
    Introducing a new extension header, the mobility header.
    To be able to send a binding error message from IPv6 node, we
    must define a mobility header in the IPv6 base spec.

(4-b) [not presented yet]
    A new recomended extension header order which describes that
    the position of the mobility header.


The last 3 items are not presented to IPv6 WG.  I'm not sure it is OK
for them without any discussion.  If the IPv6 WG does not accept them,
the mobile ipv6 draft will not be accepted to become a rfc.

I really want to make mip6 become standard, not complaining without
any reason.

So, please consider to talk with IPv6 people about the new
requirements for them.


Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


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To: vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
Cc: Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr, mat@cisco.com,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
In-Reply-To: <3D34C643.6741CBC6@iprg.nokia.com>
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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 18:20:03 -0700
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> Francis Dupont wrote:
> 
> > => the answer is in the RFC 2461 (grep for IsRouter).
> > The R bit is copied into the neighbor cache entry (in the IsRouter bit)
> > and the important case is the transition from 1 to 0 (i.e., a router
> > which becomes a host) when the node is used as a default router or
> > in a redirect...
> > Today all MNs are MHs but we should *not* close the door to MRs
> > just for one bit, and without any argument.
> > 
> > See you this afternoon?
> > 
> > Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> > 
> > PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
> > and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).
> 
> I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were considered out of
> scope of the current spec. the prefix length field was also removed
> from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I thought it was 
> the WG decision to remove all references to mobile routers in the 
> base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.

As far as I remember, the prefix length field was there to form
other's MN addresses like the link-local etc. Nothing to do with
MRs. This has always been missunderstood.

Concerning the 'R' bit, I think it should be good to keep it in the
draft, ND may later need to distinguish between the two. Keeping it
doesn't means MIPv6 is dealing with the specific actions to be taken
with MRs.

Thierry.
INRIA - WIDE - Keio University


> anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt 
> (and a separate prefix option)


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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 WG Last call closed
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2002 21:57:15 -0400
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The WG last call for MIPv6 has completed.

For each issue received, Jari will post a proposed resolution to the mailing
list, including text changes (new text,
corrections, deletions).  This will provide an opportunity for the WG to
respond.  These changes will be incorporated
into a new version of the draft sent to the IESG for IETF last call.




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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 16 Jul 2002 18:20:03 PDT.
             <3D34C643.6741CBC6@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 04:29:43 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
   > and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).
   
   I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were considered out of
   scope of the current spec. the prefix length field was also removed
   from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I thought it was 
   the WG decision to remove all references to mobile routers in the 
   base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.
   
=> if this is the reason it is a bad one because a MR is two different
things:
 - a node which is a router too but in this context acts as a host
   (cf. the so called "host function" of routers in IPv4)
 - a mobile router in the NEMO termonology.
The R bit belongs to the first part so should *not* be removed as the
prefix length of second part.

   anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt 
   (and a separate prefix option)
   
=> in order to make the mobile router draft sound the R bit should be
reserved in the MN document, so there is no real argument against
to put it back into the MN document. Of course, this does *not*
applies to the prefix option.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs 
In-Reply-To: <200207170040.g6H0eoGF066719@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
References: <15668.28451.838538.614608@thomasm-u1.cisco.com>
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Francis Dupont writes:
 >  In your previous mail you wrote:
 > 
 >     > => we have the choice between either changing MN to MH in the specs or
 >     > putting the correct value in the R bit of NAs (:-).
 >    
 >    What would a neighbor do if it saw the R bit set
 >    in the NA for my mobile node? Set up a default
 >    route?
 >    
 > => the answer is in the RFC 2461 (grep for IsRouter).
 > The R bit is copied into the neighbor cache entry (in the IsRouter bit)
 > and the important case is the transition from 1 to 0 (i.e., a router
 > which becomes a host) when the node is used as a default router or
 > in a redirect...

   I'm still at a loss here because in order to
   be a real mobile router, you are going to
   either need to have a prefix delegated to you 
   by your home agent, or you are going to want to
   advertize routes to the HA's subnet, neither of which 
   MIP has any provision for. Right? I'm sorry if I'm
   being dense.

 > Today all MNs are MHs but we should *not* close the door to MRs
 > just for one bit, and without any argument.

   Ah, I don't see reserving the bit as closing the
   door on MR's. I see it as deferring it so that
   we get it right. Note that I don't have an issue
   with a "simple" MIP based MR solution so long as
   we understand the tradeoffs, and we are sensible
   with interactions; in particular, I remain concerned
   about RO's interaction.
 
 > See you this afternoon?

   It would be a very long swim...

	    Mike


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
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Hello folks,

As document editor, I was given the very clear message to
remove specification related to protocol for mobile routers.
I did this, even though my personal preference was to leave
it in because I always thought it was useful functionality.

Francis Dupont wrote:

>    Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
>
> PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
> and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).

It was not a typo.  It was according to very clear indication
after the Mobile Routers BOF, and I think according to
explicit instruction from the chairs but I didn't go checking
for e-mails on that.  I hope it does not get to be the case
that working as document editor does not entail keeping
paper trails for every word of every revision.

Regards,
Charlie P.





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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
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Hi All,

HMIPv6 uses Alt-coa extensively.

IMHO, sending should be optional, but processing should be
mandated as part of MIPv6.

The decision then becomes choice by the MN to advertise
a different CoA (which is what it really is for).

Greg Daley


James Kempf wrote:
> Why not have it be an option? There will likely be other algorithms that will be used for protecting BUs and they may need
> other stuff.
> 
>             jak
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
> To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
> Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 6:01 PM
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
> 
> 
> 
>>Jari Arkko wrote:
>>
>>
>>>It looks like we need to deal with this, so in order for ESP to be used
>>>we need to have the alt coa option in the spec. However, I dislike
>>>format variants, especially when the choice depends on a user-configured
>>>SPD entry in an another part of the system. This creates an unnecessary
>>>restriction between IPv6 stack parts. Therefore, I'd like to suggest the
>>>alt coa option to be made a fixed field in the BU messages instead, and
>>>to be always used.
>>
>>I didnt quite follow the last paragraph. for Return Routability
>>protected
>>BUs, there is no need for the CoA to be present as a fixed field in the
>>BU. for ESP protected BUs, it needs to be there. so we would end up with
>>two formats for BUs.
>>
>>Vijay
>>
> 
> 
> 





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Hi Eric,

The reason that I wish to restrict the use of the CoA as the source for
foreign network multicast is not due to any comparison with
reverse-tunnelled multicast. Home and foreign multicast systems are needed
for many different technical and commercial reasons clearly.

However, it is not clear at the moment whether foreign network multicast
should ultimately use the the CoA or the HoA as the source address, so we
should do that work before giving the MN the option of origination into the
foreign system because of forwards compatibility.. The former has the
problem that the multicast system will be thrashed whilst the latter has the
RPF problem. Either might be fixable and a range of protocol (domain)
specific solutions exist in the interim which we can document, including
hybrid.

I don't understand how a potential thrashing problem can be allowed to
progress through the base spec. Maybe you don't believe this exists, or is
that you believe we can trust vendors and operators to do the right thing ?

Clarifying this would help...Maybe this could alternatively be addressed
with some applicability words that specifically does not rule out hybrid or
otheruses of the HoA as a foreign multicast source address ?



-----Original Message-----
From: Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@sun.com]
Sent: 16 July 2002 23:40
To: Alan O'Neill
Cc: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast


> The suggested resolution was that the use of the home multicast system via
a
> bi-directional tunnel be included in the spec (fine) but that a MN can
> optionally use, for the foreign multicast system, its CCoA as a source
> address (not fine) to originate traffic to a multicast group, and that the
> detailed mechanisms for this would be detailed in draft-oneill-multicast
> etc..

The way I see this both approaches have performance issues of different
flavors. Reverse tunneling packets through the HA adds delay for packets
(and is subject to additional potentially congested devices in the network).
Using the CoA as the source causes multicast routing related overhead 
as you point out.
Thus I don't think we can say that one is strictly better than the other;
the performance issues aren't comparable.
Hence I don't see a need to prohibit sending packets with the CoA
as the source.

> It is as dangerous and unscalable (possibly more so) as supporting
> MN movement in the unicast routing system by using host routes rather than
> MIP edge tunnel redirection.

I suspect there are cases when reverse tunneling is equally "dangerous and 
unscalable" - it all depends on the assumptions.
So either we allow both ways (and provide future documentation with guidance
on the issues and tradeoffs between them) or we forbit both.

There are similar issues for the joining of multicast groups.
If it is done using the local interface (the "CoA") then the multicast
tree will change as the MN moves, which is bad. 
If it is done over the reverse tunnel (the "HoA") then the multicast
packets will be tunneled from the HA even though copies of the same
multicast packets might already be present on the visited link.

Also in that case I think both approaches make sense under different
cicumstances.

   Erik
 

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 01:54:55 2002
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Hi Francis,

> The second version of my draft about IPsec and Mobile IPv6 is
> available (name : draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt).


(Sorry for the crosspost -- perhaps replies can go to the mobile ip
list only.)

Your draft looks like a very useful analysis of various cases
regarding mobility and IPsec. But I still lack some practical
background information so that this work could be taken in account
in the relevant protocol descriptions. In particular, could you
classify your recommendations as

   1) Those that restate something which already is in the
      current protocol specifications (but perhaps not stated
      clearly enough).

   2) Those which fix something that would break MIPv6
      security. Draft draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt uses IPsec
      for a part of its security, namely for the HA - MN signaling.
      A more detailed description including SPD entries can be
      found from http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/ipsec_usage.txt

   3) Those which fix something that would break IPsec
      when used for protecting regular payload traffic
      in the presense of MIPv6.

   4) Those that make IPsec work smoother, more efficiently, or
      with less configuration when used together with mobility
      or for the protection of mobility signaling.

   5) Architectural long-term recommendations.

   6) Something completely different.

In particular class 2 is interesting for completing the MIPv6 work,
as is class 3. From my initial understanding, your recommendations
can be classified as follows:

    1) A, C1, C2, E1, E2, E3, G, H, I, K, M, O, Q
    2) P [makes use of IKE for HA-MN security hard -- this is
       very interesting, thanks!]
    3) nothing?
    4) B, F [and I think we were disagreeing on the mip list whether
       these two are good goals], L1, L2, R
    5) nothing?
    6) D [of course!], J
    unclear: N

Is this correct? How do we go about fixing P, is your recommendation
the only way to handle that? Is there anything in the MIPv6 documents
that you'd like to clarify in class 1?

Jari



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 05:07:29 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "Alan O'Neill"
	 <A.ONeill@flarion.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 11:04:37 +0200
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I suppose LMM will help with that issue. 

Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
  > Sent: Tuesday, July 16, 2002 1:04 PM
  > To: Alan O'Neill; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18
  > 
  > 
  > Alan,
  > 
  > Performance of RO was a key issue in last night's BAR BOF. 
  > A draft with your
  > views would be helpful.
  > 
  >             jak
  > 
  > ----- Original Message -----
  > From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
  > To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
  > Sent: Tuesday, July 16, 2002 2:32 AM
  > Subject: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18
  > 
  > 
  > > I have a few concerns about some features in draft 18 
  > when applied in
  > > specific future deployment scenarios (ie not protocol 
  > problems for now but I
  > > guess applicability issues).
  > >
  > > Specifically they relate to the applicability of the 
  > existing RO mechanisms
  > > during rapid movement that may be possible in future 
  > cellular networks with
  > > small cells (eg a Manhatten deployment). In contrast the 
  > existing mechanisms
  > > seem ok for 3GPPx and 802.11 clusters where movement is 
  > less rapid due to
  > > the existance of radio specific hand-off protocols such 
  > as RNC relocation
  > > and IAPP etc.
  > >
  > > I have discussed these issues with the chairs and they 
  > have recommended I
  > > write up a detailed draft because of the complexities and 
  > subtleties
  > > involved. I agree with the chairs that these may have to 
  > be post base spec
  > > given the significant investment to date. However, I hope 
  > the draft will
  > > motivate future additional RO design work in this space 
  > and may even attempt
  > > to indicate specific requirements and solution options so 
  > we can avoid any
  > > major barriers to this in the base spec. I guess any near 
  > term design work
  > > might fit in with some of the stuff coming from last 
  > nights BAR BOF..
  > >
  > > If people have similar concerns then by all means contact me
  > > privately..although it might be worth waiting for the 
  > draft for obvious
  > > reasons..
  > >
  > > Alan.
  > >
  > >
  > >
  > >
  > > 
  > ************************************************************
  > ****************
  > > ************************************
  > > This email may contain confidential and privileged 
  > material for the sole use
  > > of the
  > > intended recipient. Any review or distribution by others 
  > is strictly
  > > prohibited.
  > > If you are not the intended recipient please contact the 
  > sender and delete
  > > all copies.
  > > 
  > ************************************************************
  > ****************
  > > *************************************
  > >
  > >
  > >
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 06:41:18 2002
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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast
To: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
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> However, it is not clear at the moment whether foreign network multicast
> should ultimately use the the CoA or the HoA as the source address, so we
> should do that work before giving the MN the option of origination into the
> foreign system because of forwards compatibility.

The current archiecture requires that the CoA is used as a source when
sending multicast packets on the foreign link and the HoA when reverse
tunneling them through the HA. An example of this architecture is
this statement in draft-ietf-ipv6-default-addr-select:
   For multicast and link-local destination addresses, the set of 
   candidate source addresses MUST only include addresses assigned to 
   interfaces belonging to the same link as the outgoing interface. 

(And, as an aside, the precense of ingress filtering routers
apply the same restriction to unicast packets from mobile nodes
that are away from home).

Perhaps there are possible future architectures that do not have
these constraints, and perhaps it makes sense exploring them to
provide different performance for multicast for MNs. But I suspect
this would result in added total complexity to the system.
The point is that the draft is about the current architecture.

> I don't understand how a potential thrashing problem can be allowed to
> progress through the base spec. Maybe you don't believe this exists, or is
> that you believe we can trust vendors and operators to do the right thing ?

I don't understand why mobility creates a unique problem here. 
IP traffic is known to be bursty, thus the multicast routing system needs 
to be able to deal with bursty sources on widely varying time scales.
A mobile node moving around and using the CoA as the source just looks
like multiple (bursty) sources that are not moving.

> Clarifying this would help...Maybe this could alternatively be addressed
> with some applicability words that specifically does not rule out hybrid or
> otheruses of the HoA as a foreign multicast source address ?

Using the HoA as source on the visited link doesn't work due to RPF checks 
in the current archiecture as you already pointed out.

  Erik



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 07:45:24 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Beyond draft 18
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> I suppose LMM will help with that issue.
>

LMM will definitely help. It will also help with address privacy, on which I
believe the EU has recently passed a resolution.

            jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 10:02:21 2002
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Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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      <20020716.014144.119249637.keiichi@iij.ad.jp> 
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 23:01:00 +0900
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>I'm sorry to raise this topic so many times, I still don't understand
>the reason.
>
>The current mip6 (draft-18) says that all IPv6 nodes:
>
>- MUST be able to validate a HAO
>- MUST be able to send a Binding Error message
>
>I think I understand the benefit of the above requirements.  If an
>IPv6 node supports the above requirements, a mobile node can
>communicate with the IPv6 node using a triangular routing if HAO is
>protected by the IPsec.
>
>But, even if there is no such requirement, a mobile node can
>communicate with all IPv6 nodes in the world using bi-directional
>tunneling.  This requires nothing to all existing and future IPv6
>nodes.

	as you may have heard during IETF54 IESG plenary panel session,
	i would like to see the above "MUST" removed.  there are large amount
	of IPv6 install base, which supports no HAO, or old definition of HAO.
	for instance, FreeBSD beyond 4.0 has IPv6 but no support for HAO.
	MacOS 10.2, JunOS and ExtremeWare do not have HAO support either.
	suspect they have no HAO support.

	we have no way to force upgrade for all users of the existing IPv6
	stacks.  therefore, i believe it very important for mobile-ip6 to be
	defined so that:
	- mobile-ip6 MN is interoperable with CN without HAO support, nor
	  binding error message support
	- do not require any changes to existing implementations
	- do not make them "non-conformant"

	i would really like to see the change included in draft 19.  thanks.

itojun


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Brian Haley wrote:

> And what do we do if the length isn't even enough to cover the type
> or checksum fields?
>
>     4. The "Header Len" field MUST meet the minimum length requirements
>        of a Mobility Header (which unfortunately doesn't end on an 8-octet
>        boundary), which is one (1)?  I.E. if "Header Len" is zero what
>        do we do, ICMP message?

I was a little in error here, each section (9.3.1, 9.3.2, etc.) has a length check

rule, but the HoTI/CoTI sections (9.3.1/9.3.2) don't say what to do with the
packet if the length is incorrect.  Text like this should be place in those
sections:

  Any HoTI/CoTI which fails to satisfy all of these tests  MUST be
  silently ignored, and the packet carrying the HoTI/CoTI MUST be discarded.

-Brian



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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'itojun@iijlab.net'" <itojun@iijlab.net>,
        Keiichi SHIMA / ???
	 <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 16:08:58 +0200
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  > 	we have no way to force upgrade for all users of the 
  > existing IPv6
  > 	stacks.  therefore, i believe it very important for 
  > mobile-ip6 to be
  > 	defined so that:
  > 	- mobile-ip6 MN is interoperable with CN without HAO 
  > support, nor
  > 	  binding error message support

=> Technically, removing the must on the HAO is not a problem. 
In fact, regardless of deployed base, keeping a must for 
the HAO makes no sense IMHO.
As for the BE message, I guess we need to make sure that
somehow the CN tells the MN that no binding exists. 
Not sure what can be done about this. 

  > 	- do not make them "non-conformant"

=> Well, the IETF doesn't make anyone non-conformant
as far as I know.

Hesham

  > 
  > 	i would really like to see the change included in draft 
  > 19.  thanks.
  > 
  > itojun
  > 


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Brian Haley wrote:

> 9.2.1. Processing Mobility Header (MH) Messages
>
>        2. The "Payload Proto" field MUST be NO_NXTHDR (59 decimal).

And to follow myself up once again, this protocol constant is usually
referred to as IPPROTO_NONE.  This should be changed in Section 6.1.1
as well.

-Brian



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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
In-reply-to: (Your message of "Wed, 17 Jul 2002 23:01:00 +0900.") 
             <20020717140100.C4A734B22@coconut.itojun.org> 
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> 	as you may have heard during IETF54 IESG plenary panel session,
> 	i would like to see the above "MUST" removed.  there are large amount
> 	of IPv6 install base, which supports no HAO, or old definition of HAO.
> 	for instance, FreeBSD beyond 4.0 has IPv6 but no support for HAO.
> 	MacOS 10.2, JunOS and ExtremeWare do not have HAO support either.
> 	suspect they have no HAO support.

the purpose of a standard is to describe what is necessary for interoperability
and proper functioning of the protocol, not to legitimize existing 
implementations.  so the installed base shouldn't dictate whether a feature
is a MUST in a new version of a standard unless interoperability with the 
installed base is important (it generally is) and imposing the MUST condition 
on implementations that conform with the new version of the standard affects 
interoperability with the installed base.

Keith


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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Keith Moore'" <moore@cs.utk.edu>, itojun@iijlab.net
Cc: Keiichi SHIMA / ??? <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 18:07:54 +0200
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  > > 	as you may have heard during IETF54 IESG plenary panel session,
  > > 	i would like to see the above "MUST" removed.  there 
  > are large amount
  > > 	of IPv6 install base, which supports no HAO, or old 
  > definition of HAO.
  > > 	for instance, FreeBSD beyond 4.0 has IPv6 but no 
  > support for HAO.
  > > 	MacOS 10.2, JunOS and ExtremeWare do not have HAO 
  > support either.
  > > 	suspect they have no HAO support.
  > 
  > the purpose of a standard is to describe what is necessary 
  > for interoperability
  > and proper functioning of the protocol, not to legitimize existing 
  > implementations.  so the installed base shouldn't dictate 
  > whether a feature
  > is a MUST in a new version of a standard unless 
  > interoperability with the 
  > installed base is important (it generally is) and imposing 
  > the MUST condition 
  > on implementations that conform with the new version of the 
  > standard affects 
  > interoperability with the installed base.

=> I agree, but as I said earlier, technically
removing the must on the HAO makes sense, according
to the meaning of the keywords. The BE message
is a bit difficult to remove though. I hope than
when we discuss this tomorrow we make some distinction
between the 2 functions. 

Hesham


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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 18:51:42 +0200
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Hi, 

I didn't have enough time in the meeting to explain
clearly what I meant when we discussed Phil's proposal. 
Since I suddenly have excellent WLAN coverage in the 
room, I'll try to do it now!

First of all, I'm not sure that the WG is actually
split. In fact, after reading all emails, I think we 
agree on many issues. Let me try to list them and 
see if I'm right. I think we agree on the following:

- L2 triggers will make Fast handovers perform better. 
- L2 triggers are needed.
- We need an access independent solution.

But we disagree on the level of detail at which L2 triggers 
should be included in the draft, and the value of tunnel-based
handover (I think). 

So, to make my comment clear, I wasn't not against
Phil's proposal to have a separate draft for Fast
Handovers in 802.11. I was only against the implicit
content of such document. 

I think that the current draft (v5) provides an 
access independent framework for Fast handovers, 
assuming some hints from lower layers, like 
L2 (in the MN or the AR depending on the type
of link) knows that handover is about to happen
and will inform the IP layer. I believe that's 
about as far as the doc needs to say. However, 
to get this stuff deployed and make it useful, 
more detail is needed. But I don't think that 
this draft can possibly include all the details 
relevant to all link layers. This is where Fast
Handovers over foo documents would be needed. 

These documents can show exactly what triggers 
are needed, and how to integrate FMIPv6 signalling
at the right time. Frankly, even if the current
draft shows some names for L2 triggers, I don't
think it would be useful. We need more detail
for each link layer.

So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should 
do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
on the IP layer. 

Does this make sense to anyone ? 
I wish we had a show of hands during the meeting but
there was no time to discuss it, because I don't think 
the WG is very divided on this actually. 

Hesham


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 13:11:14 2002
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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers with 802.11 IAPP
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 10:11:17 -0700
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Experiences with 802.11 IAPP (any version) would be relevant for
fast-handover issue. If someone can post a brief on the following issues
it would be educative for the whole list.

1. When is the IAPP standard expected to be completed ?
2. What is being included in the standard ?
3. Is IAPP adequate for IP handovers, any limitations ?

Thanks

Subrata

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com] On Behalf Of Hesham Soliman
(EAB)
Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 9:52 AM
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward

Hi, 

I didn't have enough time in the meeting to explain
clearly what I meant when we discussed Phil's proposal. 
Since I suddenly have excellent WLAN coverage in the 
room, I'll try to do it now!

First of all, I'm not sure that the WG is actually
split. In fact, after reading all emails, I think we 
agree on many issues. Let me try to list them and 
see if I'm right. I think we agree on the following:

- L2 triggers will make Fast handovers perform better. 
- L2 triggers are needed.
- We need an access independent solution.

But we disagree on the level of detail at which L2 triggers 
should be included in the draft, and the value of tunnel-based
handover (I think). 

So, to make my comment clear, I wasn't not against
Phil's proposal to have a separate draft for Fast
Handovers in 802.11. I was only against the implicit
content of such document. 

I think that the current draft (v5) provides an 
access independent framework for Fast handovers, 
assuming some hints from lower layers, like 
L2 (in the MN or the AR depending on the type
of link) knows that handover is about to happen
and will inform the IP layer. I believe that's 
about as far as the doc needs to say. However, 
to get this stuff deployed and make it useful, 
more detail is needed. But I don't think that 
this draft can possibly include all the details 
relevant to all link layers. This is where Fast
Handovers over foo documents would be needed. 

These documents can show exactly what triggers 
are needed, and how to integrate FMIPv6 signalling
at the right time. Frankly, even if the current
draft shows some names for L2 triggers, I don't
think it would be useful. We need more detail
for each link layer.

So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should 
do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
on the IP layer. 

Does this make sense to anyone ? 
I wish we had a show of hands during the meeting but
there was no time to discuss it, because I don't think 
the WG is very divided on this actually. 

Hesham



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 13:17:12 2002
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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 02:14:04 +0900 (JST)
Message-Id: <20020718.021404.03534966.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
To: hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
In-Reply-To: <4DA6EA82906FD511BE2F00508BCF0538044F086F@Esealnt861.al.sw.ericsson.se>
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> 
> => Technically, removing the must on the HAO is not a problem. 
> In fact, regardless of deployed base, keeping a must for 
> the HAO makes no sense IMHO.
> As for the BE message, I guess we need to make sure that
> somehow the CN tells the MN that no binding exists. 
> Not sure what can be done about this. 

If the CN supports mip6, the CN will send a BE message when it
receives a packet which has HAO and it doesn't have a BCE.  If the CN
doesn't support mip6, the CN will send an ICMP PRAMPROB with code 2
based on the ICMPv6 specification.

When the MN receives a BE message, the MN will re-start RR procedure.
When the MN receives ICMP PARAMPROB with code 2 and the pointer
indicates HAO, the MN will switch to use bi-directional tunneling.

Is there any other scenarios?  Please correct me if the above rules
are not enough to support non-mip6-aware IPv6 nodes.


Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 13:37:32 2002
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Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 10:36:22 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
CC: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
References: <200207170229.g6H2ThGF067319@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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it is perfectly fine with me if the 'R' bit is put back in the 
MIPv6 spec.

Vijay

Francis Dupont wrote:
> 
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    > PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
>    > and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).
> 
>    I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were considered out of
>    scope of the current spec. the prefix length field was also removed
>    from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I thought it was
>    the WG decision to remove all references to mobile routers in the
>    base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.
> 
> => if this is the reason it is a bad one because a MR is two different
> things:
>  - a node which is a router too but in this context acts as a host
>    (cf. the so called "host function" of routers in IPv4)
>  - a mobile router in the NEMO termonology.
> The R bit belongs to the first part so should *not* be removed as the
> prefix length of second part.
> 
>    anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
>    (and a separate prefix option)
> 
> => in order to make the mobile router draft sound the R bit should be
> reserved in the MN document, so there is no real argument against
> to put it back into the MN document. Of course, this does *not*
> applies to the prefix option.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 13:42:09 2002
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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 02:33:18 +0900 (JST)
Message-Id: <20020718.023318.42767258.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
To: hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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I'm sorry, I must describe more to complete the scenario.

From: Keiichi SHIMA / $BEg7D0l(B <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>

> > => Technically, removing the must on the HAO is not a problem. 
> > In fact, regardless of deployed base, keeping a must for 
> > the HAO makes no sense IMHO.
> > As for the BE message, I guess we need to make sure that
> > somehow the CN tells the MN that no binding exists. 
> > Not sure what can be done about this. 
> 
> If the CN supports mip6, the CN will send a BE message when it
> receives a packet which has HAO and it doesn't have a BCE.  If the CN
> doesn't support mip6, the CN will send an ICMP PRAMPROB with code 2
> based on the ICMPv6 specification.
Also, if the CN doesn't support mip6 and receives MH (ex. HoTI/CoTI),
the CN will send ICMP PARAMPROB with code 1 based on the ICMPv6
specification.
 
> When the MN receives a BE message, the MN will re-start RR procedure.
> When the MN receives ICMP PARAMPROB with code 2 and the pointer
> indicates HAO, the MN will switch to use bi-directional tunneling.
When the MN receives ICMP PARAMPROB with code 1 and the pointer
indicates MH, the MN will switch to use bi-directional tunneling.

> Is there any other scenarios?  Please correct me if the above rules
> are not enough to support non-mip6-aware IPv6 nodes.

Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Keiichi SHIMA / ???'" <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>,
        "Hesham Soliman (EAB)"
	 <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 19:47:13 +0200
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  > I'm sorry, I must describe more to complete the scenario.
  > 
  > From: Keiichi SHIMA / $BEg7D0l(J <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
  > 
  > > > => Technically, removing the must on the HAO is not a problem. 
  > > > In fact, regardless of deployed base, keeping a must for 
  > > > the HAO makes no sense IMHO.
  > > > As for the BE message, I guess we need to make sure that
  > > > somehow the CN tells the MN that no binding exists. 
  > > > Not sure what can be done about this. 
  > > 
  > > If the CN supports mip6, the CN will send a BE message when it
  > > receives a packet which has HAO and it doesn't have a 
  > BCE.  If the CN
  > > doesn't support mip6, the CN will send an ICMP PRAMPROB 
  > with code 2
  > > based on the ICMPv6 specification.
  > Also, if the CN doesn't support mip6 and receives MH (ex. 
  > HoTI/CoTI),
  > the CN will send ICMP PARAMPROB with code 1 based on the ICMPv6
  > specification.
  >  
  > > When the MN receives a BE message, the MN will re-start 
  > RR procedure.
  > > When the MN receives ICMP PARAMPROB with code 2 and the pointer
  > > indicates HAO, the MN will switch to use bi-directional tunneling.
  > When the MN receives ICMP PARAMPROB with code 1 and the pointer
  > indicates MH, the MN will switch to use bi-directional tunneling.
  > 
  > > Is there any other scenarios?  Please correct me if the 
  > above rules
  > > are not enough to support non-mip6-aware IPv6 nodes.

=> You're right, provided that we got the right option type
value for the HAO (can't remember but it should be ok) so
that the CN drops the packet if there is a HAO. 

For others who are not up to date on the MIPv6 spec, 
the HAO is only accpeted by the CN if RO is used
or the packet is protected with IPsec. Otherwise reverse
tunelling is used. So the norm is reverse tunnelling. 
That's why I don't think the HAO needs to be mandated. 

Hesham


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 14:16:16 2002
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Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 21:14:58 +0300
From: Pekka Nikander <Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>,
        Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
References: <200207170229.g6H2ThGF067319@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr> <3D35AB16.5E81EFBE@iprg.nokia.com>
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One of the reasons why the R bit was taken away was
(and IMHO still is) security.  As far as I understand, the
RR method does not work for mobile routers, but I may
be wrong.  Furthermore, I haven't been following closely
enough, so I don't know if the base spec IPsec method
(for MN-HA security) is now clear enough so that the
R bit could be put back form MN-HA BUs.  But AFAIK we still
cannot use it for MN-CN BUs, due to these security
consideratiosn.

Maybe someone who has followed more closely the recent
security clarifications could add something here?

--Pekka

Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> it is perfectly fine with me if the 'R' bit is put back in the 
> MIPv6 spec.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Francis Dupont wrote:
> 
>> In your previous mail you wrote:
>>
>>   > PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
>>   > and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).
>>
>>   I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were considered out of
>>   scope of the current spec. the prefix length field was also removed
>>   from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I thought it was
>>   the WG decision to remove all references to mobile routers in the
>>   base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.
>>
>>=> if this is the reason it is a bad one because a MR is two different
>>things:
>> - a node which is a router too but in this context acts as a host
>>   (cf. the so called "host function" of routers in IPv4)
>> - a mobile router in the NEMO termonology.
>>The R bit belongs to the first part so should *not* be removed as the
>>prefix length of second part.
>>
>>   anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
>>   (and a separate prefix option)
>>
>>=> in order to make the mobile router draft sound the R bit should be
>>reserved in the MN document, so there is no real argument against
>>to put it back into the MN document. Of course, this does *not*
>>applies to the prefix option.
>>
>>Regards
>>
>>Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 




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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Subrata Goswami'" <sgoswami@umich.edu>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers with 802.11 IAPP
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 20:11:04 +0200
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Ok, it's good that you started a separate thread though
because this is not related to my email.

Hesham

  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: Subrata Goswami [mailto:sgoswami@umich.edu]
  > Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 7:11 PM
  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers with 802.11 IAPP
  > 
  > 
  > Experiences with 802.11 IAPP (any version) would be relevant for
  > fast-handover issue. If someone can post a brief on the 
  > following issues
  > it would be educative for the whole list.
  > 
  > 1. When is the IAPP standard expected to be completed ?
  > 2. What is being included in the standard ?
  > 3. Is IAPP adequate for IP handovers, any limitations ?
  > 
  > Thanks
  > 
  > Subrata
  > 
  > -----Original Message-----
  > From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > [mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com] On Behalf Of 
  > Hesham Soliman
  > (EAB)
  > Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 9:52 AM
  > To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
  > Subject: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward
  > 
  > Hi, 
  > 
  > I didn't have enough time in the meeting to explain
  > clearly what I meant when we discussed Phil's proposal. 
  > Since I suddenly have excellent WLAN coverage in the 
  > room, I'll try to do it now!
  > 
  > First of all, I'm not sure that the WG is actually
  > split. In fact, after reading all emails, I think we 
  > agree on many issues. Let me try to list them and 
  > see if I'm right. I think we agree on the following:
  > 
  > - L2 triggers will make Fast handovers perform better. 
  > - L2 triggers are needed.
  > - We need an access independent solution.
  > 
  > But we disagree on the level of detail at which L2 triggers 
  > should be included in the draft, and the value of tunnel-based
  > handover (I think). 
  > 
  > So, to make my comment clear, I wasn't not against
  > Phil's proposal to have a separate draft for Fast
  > Handovers in 802.11. I was only against the implicit
  > content of such document. 
  > 
  > I think that the current draft (v5) provides an 
  > access independent framework for Fast handovers, 
  > assuming some hints from lower layers, like 
  > L2 (in the MN or the AR depending on the type
  > of link) knows that handover is about to happen
  > and will inform the IP layer. I believe that's 
  > about as far as the doc needs to say. However, 
  > to get this stuff deployed and make it useful, 
  > more detail is needed. But I don't think that 
  > this draft can possibly include all the details 
  > relevant to all link layers. This is where Fast
  > Handovers over foo documents would be needed. 
  > 
  > These documents can show exactly what triggers 
  > are needed, and how to integrate FMIPv6 signalling
  > at the right time. Frankly, even if the current
  > draft shows some names for L2 triggers, I don't
  > think it would be useful. We need more detail
  > for each link layer.
  > 
  > So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
  > 802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should 
  > do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
  > layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
  > defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
  > on the IP layer. 
  > 
  > Does this make sense to anyone ? 
  > I wish we had a show of hands during the meeting but
  > there was no time to discuss it, because I don't think 
  > the WG is very divided on this actually. 
  > 
  > Hesham
  > 


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
References: <200207170229.g6H2ThGF067319@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr> <3D35AB16.5E81EFBE@iprg.nokia.com> <3D35B422.2050107@nomadiclab.com>
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hi Pekka,

RR came much later. the 'R' bit was not there in draft 15. 

Vijay

Pekka Nikander wrote:
> 
> One of the reasons why the R bit was taken away was
> (and IMHO still is) security.  As far as I understand, the
> RR method does not work for mobile routers, but I may
> be wrong.  Furthermore, I haven't been following closely
> enough, so I don't know if the base spec IPsec method
> (for MN-HA security) is now clear enough so that the
> R bit could be put back form MN-HA BUs.  But AFAIK we still
> cannot use it for MN-CN BUs, due to these security
> consideratiosn.
> 
> Maybe someone who has followed more closely the recent
> security clarifications could add something here?
> 
> --Pekka
> 
> Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> > it is perfectly fine with me if the 'R' bit is put back in the
> > MIPv6 spec.
> >
> > Vijay
> >
> > Francis Dupont wrote:
> >
> >> In your previous mail you wrote:
> >>
> >>   > PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
> >>   > and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).
> >>
> >>   I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were considered out of
> >>   scope of the current spec. the prefix length field was also removed
> >>   from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I thought it was
> >>   the WG decision to remove all references to mobile routers in the
> >>   base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.
> >>
> >>=> if this is the reason it is a bad one because a MR is two different
> >>things:
> >> - a node which is a router too but in this context acts as a host
> >>   (cf. the so called "host function" of routers in IPv4)
> >> - a mobile router in the NEMO termonology.
> >>The R bit belongs to the first part so should *not* be removed as the
> >>prefix length of second part.
> >>
> >>   anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
> >>   (and a separate prefix option)
> >>
> >>=> in order to make the mobile router draft sound the R bit should be
> >>reserved in the MN document, so there is no real argument against
> >>to put it back into the MN document. Of course, this does *not*
> >>applies to the prefix option.
> >>
> >>Regards
> >>
> >>Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> >


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 14:54:29 2002
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References: <200207170229.g6H2ThGF067319@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr> <3D35AB16.5E81EFBE@iprg.nokia.com> <3D35B422.2050107@nomadiclab.com> <3D35B7FE.62C3F601@iprg.nokia.com>
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Vijay,

I stand corrected.  However, that fact doesn't change the
issue that RR does not work for mobile routers.  And that
AFAIK nobody has suggested how it could be extended, even.

Maybe I was confusing the issue with removing the routing
prefix, there I think the security issues were a part of
the story.  Or maybe not.

--Pekka

Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> hi Pekka,
> 
> RR came much later. the 'R' bit was not there in draft 15. 
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Pekka Nikander wrote:
> 
>>One of the reasons why the R bit was taken away was
>>(and IMHO still is) security.  As far as I understand, the
>>RR method does not work for mobile routers, but I may
>>be wrong.  Furthermore, I haven't been following closely
>>enough, so I don't know if the base spec IPsec method
>>(for MN-HA security) is now clear enough so that the
>>R bit could be put back form MN-HA BUs.  But AFAIK we still
>>cannot use it for MN-CN BUs, due to these security
>>consideratiosn.
>>
>>Maybe someone who has followed more closely the recent
>>security clarifications could add something here?
>>
>>--Pekka
>>
>>Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
>>
>>>it is perfectly fine with me if the 'R' bit is put back in the
>>>MIPv6 spec.
>>>
>>>Vijay
>>>
>>>Francis Dupont wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>In your previous mail you wrote:
>>>>
>>>>  > PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
>>>>  > and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).
>>>>
>>>>  I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were considered out of
>>>>  scope of the current spec. the prefix length field was also removed
>>>>  from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I thought it was
>>>>  the WG decision to remove all references to mobile routers in the
>>>>  base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.
>>>>
>>>>=> if this is the reason it is a bad one because a MR is two different
>>>>things:
>>>>- a node which is a router too but in this context acts as a host
>>>>  (cf. the so called "host function" of routers in IPv4)
>>>>- a mobile router in the NEMO termonology.
>>>>The R bit belongs to the first part so should *not* be removed as the
>>>>prefix length of second part.
>>>>
>>>>  anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
>>>>  (and a separate prefix option)
>>>>
>>>>=> in order to make the mobile router draft sound the R bit should be
>>>>reserved in the MN document, so there is no real argument against
>>>>to put it back into the MN document. Of course, this does *not*
>>>>applies to the prefix option.
>>>>
>>>>Regards
>>>>
>>>>Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
>>>




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 15:01:32 2002
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hi Itojun,

itojun@iijlab.net wrote:

>         as you may have heard during IETF54 IESG plenary panel session,
>         i would like to see the above "MUST" removed.  there are large amount
>         of IPv6 install base, which supports no HAO, or old definition of HAO.
>         for instance, FreeBSD beyond 4.0 has IPv6 but no support for HAO.
>         MacOS 10.2, JunOS and ExtremeWare do not have HAO support either.
>         suspect they have no HAO support.
> 
>         we have no way to force upgrade for all users of the existing IPv6
>         stacks.  therefore, i believe it very important for mobile-ip6 to be
>         defined so that:
>         - mobile-ip6 MN is interoperable with CN without HAO support, nor
>           binding error message support

it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an ICMP error message
pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives this message, it
starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where is the problem?
if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it can be. the 
binding error functionality can also be substituted by an ICMP error.
Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for the MN to figure
out whats going on.

>         - do not require any changes to existing implementations

we dont have to.

>         - do not make them "non-conformant"

everytime a new standard comes out, there is something new in it.

regards
Vijay


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Pekka Nikander wrote:
> 
> Vijay,
> 
> I stand corrected.  However, that fact doesn't change the
> issue that RR does not work for mobile routers.  And that
> AFAIK nobody has suggested how it could be extended, even.

thats true. I guess the NEMO BOF/WG would be investigating that.

Vijay


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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Pekka Nikander'" <Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com>,
        Vijay Devarapalli
	 <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Cc: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>,
        Michael Thomas
	 <mat@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 21:47:43 +0200
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  > I stand corrected.  However, that fact doesn't change the
  > issue that RR does not work for mobile routers.  And that
  > AFAIK nobody has suggested how it could be extended, even.

=> That's correct of course. But this discussion
is only related to the BU sent to the HA. The R
bit is not used to route packets for a prefix, but 
merely for ND reasons as per Francis' email. So, 
it should never be set in a BU to a CN. 

Hesham

  > 
  > Maybe I was confusing the issue with removing the routing
  > prefix, there I think the security issues were a part of
  > the story.  Or maybe not.
  > 
  > --Pekka
  > 
  > Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
  > > hi Pekka,
  > > 
  > > RR came much later. the 'R' bit was not there in draft 15. 
  > > 
  > > Vijay
  > > 
  > > Pekka Nikander wrote:
  > > 
  > >>One of the reasons why the R bit was taken away was
  > >>(and IMHO still is) security.  As far as I understand, the
  > >>RR method does not work for mobile routers, but I may
  > >>be wrong.  Furthermore, I haven't been following closely
  > >>enough, so I don't know if the base spec IPsec method
  > >>(for MN-HA security) is now clear enough so that the
  > >>R bit could be put back form MN-HA BUs.  But AFAIK we still
  > >>cannot use it for MN-CN BUs, due to these security
  > >>consideratiosn.
  > >>
  > >>Maybe someone who has followed more closely the recent
  > >>security clarifications could add something here?
  > >>
  > >>--Pekka
  > >>
  > >>Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
  > >>
  > >>>it is perfectly fine with me if the 'R' bit is put back in the
  > >>>MIPv6 spec.
  > >>>
  > >>>Vijay
  > >>>
  > >>>Francis Dupont wrote:
  > >>>
  > >>>
  > >>>>In your previous mail you wrote:
  > >>>>
  > >>>>  > PS: the R bit was added in I-D 08 (at my request)
  > >>>>  > and lost in I-D 15 for an unknown reason (typo?).
  > >>>>
  > >>>>  I think it was removed when Mobile Routers were 
  > considered out of
  > >>>>  scope of the current spec. the prefix length field 
  > was also removed
  > >>>>  from the BU at the same time for the same reason. I 
  > thought it was
  > >>>>  the WG decision to remove all references to mobile 
  > routers in the
  > >>>>  base MIPv6 spec. I dont remember.
  > >>>>
  > >>>>=> if this is the reason it is a bad one because a MR 
  > is two different
  > >>>>things:
  > >>>>- a node which is a router too but in this context acts 
  > as a host
  > >>>>  (cf. the so called "host function" of routers in IPv4)
  > >>>>- a mobile router in the NEMO termonology.
  > >>>>The R bit belongs to the first part so should *not* be 
  > removed as the
  > >>>>prefix length of second part.
  > >>>>
  > >>>>  anyway we have defined the 'R' bit in 
  > draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
  > >>>>  (and a separate prefix option)
  > >>>>
  > >>>>=> in order to make the mobile router draft sound the R 
  > bit should be
  > >>>>reserved in the MN document, so there is no real 
  > argument against
  > >>>>to put it back into the MN document. Of course, this does *not*
  > >>>>applies to the prefix option.
  > >>>>
  > >>>>Regards
  > >>>>
  > >>>>Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
  > >>>
  > 
  > 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 17:22:52 2002
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
In-reply-to: vijayd's message of Wed, 17 Jul 2002 11:53:49 MST.
      <3D35BD3D.A47B2E09@iprg.nokia.com> 
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 06:21:10 +0900
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>it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an ICMP error message
>pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives this message, it
>starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where is the problem?
>if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it can be. the 
>binding error functionality can also be substituted by an ICMP error.
>Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for the MN to figure
>out whats going on.

	then I see no reason for the MUST.

itojun


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 17:34:34 2002
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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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CC: keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
References: <20020717212110.4853C4B22@coconut.itojun.org>
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itojun@iijlab.net wrote:
> 
> >it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an ICMP error message
> >pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives this message, it
> >starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where is the problem?
> >if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it can be. the
> >binding error functionality can also be substituted by an ICMP error.
> >Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for the MN to figure
> >out whats going on.
> 
>         then I see no reason for the MUST.

I was discounting the reason (the already IPv6 installed base) you 
gave. the MUST is for newer IPv6 CN implementations. as I told you 
already, it makes the MN's life easier. but the current spec does 
ensure that a MN can still have a session with an old IPv6 
implementation (which does not implement HAO) through reverse 
tunneling. so again, where is the problem? why are you against the 
MUST?

regards
Vijay


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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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itojun@iijlab.net writes:
 > >it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an ICMP error message
 > >pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives this message, it
 > >starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where is the problem?
 > >if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it can be. the 
 > >binding error functionality can also be substituted by an ICMP error.
 > >Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for the MN to figure
 > >out whats going on.
 > 
 > 	then I see no reason for the MUST.

Sez RFC 2119:

6. Guidance in the use of these Imperatives

   Imperatives of the type defined in this memo must be used with care
   and sparingly.  In particular, they MUST only be used where it is
   actually required for interoperation or to limit behavior which has
   potential for causing harm (e.g., limiting retransmisssions)  For
   example, they must not be used to try to impose a particular method
   on implementors where the method is not required for
   interoperability.

Given that MIPv6 will interoperate without binding
code in CN's, it looks pretty much like a SHOULD
to me. Indeed, the protocol would not be robust if
it didn't consider the case of a non-conformant CN.

	  Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 17:46:45 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Michael Thomas'" <mat@cisco.com>, itojun@iijlab.net
Cc: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, keiichi@iij.ad.jp,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 23:44:59 +0200
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  > itojun@iijlab.net writes:
  >  > >it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an 
  > ICMP error message
  >  > >pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives 
  > this message, it
  >  > >starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where 
  > is the problem?
  >  > >if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it 
  > can be. the 
  >  > >binding error functionality can also be substituted by 
  > an ICMP error.
  >  > >Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for 
  > the MN to figure
  >  > >out whats going on.
  >  > 
  >  > 	then I see no reason for the MUST.
  > 
  > Sez RFC 2119:
  > 
  > 6. Guidance in the use of these Imperatives
  > 
  >    Imperatives of the type defined in this memo must be 
  > used with care
  >    and sparingly.  In particular, they MUST only be used where it is
  >    actually required for interoperation or to limit 
  > behavior which has
  >    potential for causing harm (e.g., limiting retransmisssions)  For
  >    example, they must not be used to try to impose a 
  > particular method
  >    on implementors where the method is not required for
  >    interoperability.
  > 
  > Given that MIPv6 will interoperate without binding
  > code in CN's, it looks pretty much like a SHOULD
  > to me. Indeed, the protocol would not be robust if
  > it didn't consider the case of a non-conformant CN.

=> Exactly, IMHO the support for HAO is tied to
RO support which is a SHOULD anyway, so the HAO
should follow that. 

Hesham


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        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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hi Hesham,

"Hesham Soliman (EAB)" wrote:

> => Exactly, IMHO the support for HAO is tied to
> RO support which is a SHOULD anyway, so the HAO
> should follow that.

we have been through this before. the support for HAO is tied
to the verifiability of the home address (otherwise you can
have reflection attacks). there are other mechanisms apart
from RO to verify a particular home address. I am not going
to get into those mechanisms now. check the archives.

Vijay


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Hi Michael,
>  > 	then I see no reason for the MUST.
> 
> Sez RFC 2119:
> 
> 6. Guidance in the use of these Imperatives
> 
>    Imperatives of the type defined in this memo must be used with care
>    and sparingly.  In particular, they MUST only be used where it is
>    actually required for interoperation or to limit behavior which has
>    potential for causing harm (e.g., limiting retransmisssions)  For
>    example, they must not be used to try to impose a particular method
>    on implementors where the method is not required for
>    interoperability.
> 
> Given that MIPv6 will interoperate without binding
> code in CN's, it looks pretty much like a SHOULD
> to me. Indeed, the protocol would not be robust if
> it didn't consider the case of a non-conformant CN.

I think we want to ask is, is it the right thing to do?  For 
proper protocol functioning, will this lead to the correct
behavior.  If we think it is important, the MUST is OK.  The
spec does contain a mechanism to support existing implementations
of IPv6, which means the protocol designers are doing their
jobs.

As I see it, we should focus on the behavior & if it is the
right thing to do, then we should do it.  

John



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Hesham,

> => Exactly, IMHO the support for HAO is tied to
> RO support which is a SHOULD anyway, so the HAO
> should follow that. 

Logically, you are inconsistant.  

As an example, RO is a should, protecting RO is a MUST.

This set of mail exchanges have actually made me think
that this is important functionally and that implementing HAO is
important for security reasons and it is not unreasonable to
insist all nodes implement it.  

John





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john.loughney@nokia.com writes:
 > > Given that MIPv6 will interoperate without binding
 > > code in CN's, it looks pretty much like a SHOULD
 > > to me. Indeed, the protocol would not be robust if
 > > it didn't consider the case of a non-conformant CN.
 > 
 > I think we want to ask is, is it the right thing to do?  For 
 > proper protocol functioning, will this lead to the correct
 > behavior.  If we think it is important, the MUST is OK.  The
 > spec does contain a mechanism to support existing implementations
 > of IPv6, which means the protocol designers are doing their
 > jobs.

   I think we're straying into a "good" as in
   "good for the overall health of the Internet"
   kind of good, rather than a "good" as in will
   the protocol operate correctly. For the former,
   I think you need to have extremely compelling
   motivation, as well as a lot of evidence that
   the health of the net will be imperiled if *all*
   nodes don't implement a particular function, which
   is what is at issue here.

   Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence
   that the net would be substantially harmed if RO
   wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed, 
   I think  there's good reason to believe that many/most
   nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel
   implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be
   a nice and useful optimization, but I really
   don't see it as a "if we don't do this the net
   will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems like it
   strikes the right balance.

	       Mike


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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 17:27:42 -0500
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Hello Alper,
Please find my inline reply.
regards,
ajoy

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Tuesday, July 16, 2002 9:29 AM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


Hi Ajoy,

> Ajoy-> Target trigger will be suitable for cellular 
> networks.  BTW, even in case of WLAN, you can receive
> L2-TT trigger at nAP. L2TT (Re-association Request) can 
> provide nAP the L2 address of the oldAP as well as L2 
> address of the mobile node. If we implement FA function 

Does re-association also apply to BSS mode, or when
the station moves between two different ESS?

If it is only used when the station moves from one AP
to another in the same ESS, this is not as interesting,
because the mobility is already handled at link-layer
in 802.11b.

Ajoy-> Mostly I have seen Re-association Request is sent 
whenever an MN moves from one AP to other AP in the same ESS. 
This is partly because IAPP handles intra-ESS handoff.
I believe this is an implementation issue and 
can be easily extended, if Mobile/IP provides appropriate hooks. 

> at AP, then this becomes an implementation issue. 
> If not, then you need to define some protocol between 
> AP and AR which can be addressed in separate document. 

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yegin-l2-triggers-00.txt

...

> Ajoy->IP layer protocol only works for Mobile Initiated trigger. It does
> not work for network initiated trigger. BTW, based upon our 
> implementation, we found anticipated handover does not provide
> good performance on cellular link. Hence, anticipated handover
> is not going to address fast handoff need for various cellular networks. 

Ajoy, was that an FMIPv4 implementation, or FMIPv6 implementation?

Ajoy-> We implemented FMIPv4. But I do not believe FMIPv6 implementation
will provide substantially better performance. More or less the basic 
idea is same. I think the part of the problem is high RTT of 3G wireless 
link (MN to AR). So, adding lots of signaling messages over the high RTT 
link will require sufficiently higher anticipation time. If you keep 
very high anticipation time, handover may not be consistently 
reliable. 
 



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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Mike, 

RO is a SHOULD, it is not a MUST in the current draft. we were 
not talking about route optimization. we were talking about 
processing a HAO. in the current spec HAO MUST be processed but 
not accepted if it cant be verified. verification can be in the 
form of checking for a valid BCE (created securely), IPsec 
protected data session, same trusted domain (where you dont 
expect people to do reflection attacks), the tagging proposal 
from Rajeev and Charlie, smart ingress filtering from Francis 
Dupont, etc...

processing a HAO is simply replacing the source address with
the contents of the HAO. earlier it is used to be a MUST without
the verification step. IPv6 WG was okay with that. but people 
indentified some reflection attacks that are possible if you 
blindly accept unverified home address option. so now, it is a
MUST with the verification step.

regards
Vijay

Michael Thomas wrote:
> 
> john.loughney@nokia.com writes:
>  > > Given that MIPv6 will interoperate without binding
>  > > code in CN's, it looks pretty much like a SHOULD
>  > > to me. Indeed, the protocol would not be robust if
>  > > it didn't consider the case of a non-conformant CN.
>  >
>  > I think we want to ask is, is it the right thing to do?  For
>  > proper protocol functioning, will this lead to the correct
>  > behavior.  If we think it is important, the MUST is OK.  The
>  > spec does contain a mechanism to support existing implementations
>  > of IPv6, which means the protocol designers are doing their
>  > jobs.
> 
>    I think we're straying into a "good" as in
>    "good for the overall health of the Internet"
>    kind of good, rather than a "good" as in will
>    the protocol operate correctly. For the former,
>    I think you need to have extremely compelling
>    motivation, as well as a lot of evidence that
>    the health of the net will be imperiled if *all*
>    nodes don't implement a particular function, which
>    is what is at issue here.
> 
>    Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence
>    that the net would be substantially harmed if RO
>    wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed,
>    I think  there's good reason to believe that many/most
>    nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel
>    implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be
>    a nice and useful optimization, but I really
>    don't see it as a "if we don't do this the net
>    will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems like it
>    strikes the right balance.
> 
>                Mike
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
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> Direct all administrative requests to majordomo@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 16:55:23 -0700 (PDT)
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com, itojun@iijlab.net,
        keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Vijay Devarapalli writes:
 > RO is a SHOULD, it is not a MUST in the current draft. we were 
 > not talking about route optimization. we were talking about 
 > processing a HAO. in the current spec HAO MUST be processed but 
 > not accepted if it cant be verified. verification can be in the 
 > form of checking for a valid BCE (created securely), IPsec 
 > protected data session, same trusted domain (where you dont 
 > expect people to do reflection attacks), the tagging proposal 
 > from Rajeev and Charlie, smart ingress filtering from Francis 
 > Dupont, etc...

   Oh, OK. Sorry about that. Still if the code
   isn't in the CN, the MN should still be able
   to operate correctly, right? That still seems
   to me to be a SHOULD rather than a MUST for the
   same reasons in my reply to John.

   I guess the long and short of this is that I'm
   somewhat skeptical of putting general node
   requirements in the MIP draft since it's
   probably not the first place one would be
   looking to figure out if they were an IPv6
   compliant node. If it's really, really vital
   for the health of the net, yadda, yadda, it
   would be better to put it in a general v6 node
   requirements RFC, don't you think?

		Mike


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Hi Mike,

> Vijay Devarapalli writes:
>  > RO is a SHOULD, it is not a MUST in the current draft. we were 
>  > not talking about route optimization. we were talking about 
>  > processing a HAO. in the current spec HAO MUST be processed but 
>  > not accepted if it cant be verified. verification can be in the 
>  > form of checking for a valid BCE (created securely), IPsec 
>  > protected data session, same trusted domain (where you dont 
>  > expect people to do reflection attacks), the tagging proposal 
>  > from Rajeev and Charlie, smart ingress filtering from Francis 
>  > Dupont, etc...
> 
>    Oh, OK. Sorry about that. Still if the code
>    isn't in the CN, the MN should still be able
>    to operate correctly, right? That still seems
>    to me to be a SHOULD rather than a MUST for the
>    same reasons in my reply to John.
> 
>    I guess the long and short of this is that I'm
>    somewhat skeptical of putting general node
>    requirements in the MIP draft since it's
>    probably not the first place one would be
>    looking to figure out if they were an IPv6
>    compliant node. If it's really, really vital
>    for the health of the net, yadda, yadda, it
>    would be better to put it in a general v6 node
>    requirements RFC, don't you think?

Just as an FYI, I replied to the earlier mail because I am
trying to sort this out for the node requirements.  I think 
that in MIPv6, it is OK that MIPv6 makes this recommendation (given 
working group consensus, IESG approval, etc.) but the Node Requirements
document is the final word on the issue (assuming WG consensus, 
IESG approval, etc.).

John



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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com, keiichi@iij.ad.jp,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 09:12:50 +0900
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>processing a HAO is simply replacing the source address with
>the contents of the HAO. earlier it is used to be a MUST without
>the verification step. IPv6 WG was okay with that. but people 
>indentified some reflection attacks that are possible if you 
>blindly accept unverified home address option. so now, it is a
>MUST with the verification step.

	IPv6 wg OKed HAO in draft 5 or 6.  HAO changed a lot since then,
	and i think it not reasonable for you to think that new-HAO is also
	OKed automaticalliy.

itojun


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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'john.loughney@nokia.com'" <john.loughney@nokia.com>,
        "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>, mat@cisco.com,
        itojun@iijlab.net
Cc: vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 02:19:40 +0200
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  > > => Exactly, IMHO the support for HAO is tied to
  > > RO support which is a SHOULD anyway, so the HAO
  > > should follow that. 
  > 
  > Logically, you are inconsistant.  
  > 
  > As an example, RO is a should, protecting RO is a MUST.

=> Huh? 

Protecting it is a must for those who support it! 
But supporting it is a should.

Hesham

  > 
  > This set of mail exchanges have actually made me think
  > that this is important functionally and that implementing HAO is
  > important for security reasons and it is not unreasonable to
  > insist all nodes implement it.  
  > 
  > John
  > 
  > 


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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itojun@iijlab.net wrote:
> 
> >processing a HAO is simply replacing the source address with
> >the contents of the HAO. earlier it is used to be a MUST without
> >the verification step. IPv6 WG was okay with that. but people
> >indentified some reflection attacks that are possible if you
> >blindly accept unverified home address option. so now, it is a
> >MUST with the verification step.
> 
>         IPv6 wg OKed HAO in draft 5 or 6.  HAO changed a lot since then,
>         and i think it not reasonable for you to think that new-HAO is also
>         OKed automaticalliy.

new-HAO?? the format has not changed. neither has the processing.
it is still a destination option. how is it new? infact it has 
been made secure by the new verification step.

infact, (IMO) there is no need for this new verification step if
we have smart ingress filtering as described by Francis Dupont
in
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-filtering-00.txt.
Francis is probably around somewhere. can you please talk to him?

Vijay


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From: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Hello Itojun,

The home address option is the same in format as the
previous version.  The additional requirement now is
only that now it's required to be secured somehow.

Regards,
Charlie P.


itojun@iijlab.net wrote:

> >processing a HAO is simply replacing the source address with
> >the contents of the HAO. earlier it is used to be a MUST without
> >the verification step. IPv6 WG was okay with that. but people
> >indentified some reflection attacks that are possible if you
> >blindly accept unverified home address option. so now, it is a
> >MUST with the verification step.
>
>         IPv6 wg OKed HAO in draft 5 or 6.  HAO changed a lot since then,
>         and i think it not reasonable for you to think that new-HAO is also
>         OKed automaticalliy.
>
> itojun
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
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To: <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>, <mat@cisco.com>, <itojun@iijlab.net>
Cc: <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>,
        <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Hi Hesham,

>   > > => Exactly, IMHO the support for HAO is tied to
>   > > RO support which is a SHOULD anyway, so the HAO
>   > > should follow that. 
>   > 
>   > Logically, you are inconsistant.  
>   > 
>   > As an example, RO is a should, protecting RO is a MUST.
> 
> => Huh? 
> 
> Protecting it is a must for those who support it! 
> But supporting it is a should.

We're dangerously on the edge of a rathole.

Debates on support / implement / use of various functions is something
to often causes pointless discussions.

The question more is, what do general implementations need to implement.
In my opinion, general often equals robust.  SHOULD does not mean
optional, it means you do it unless you have good reason not to do it.
I think the burden of proof, then, would be the endpoint which does not
implement a certain feature.

I think that since HAO is used for security reasons, it may have a strong
need to be a must than other functionality.  Just my opinion.

John



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pekka Nikander <Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com>
cc: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 17 Jul 2002 21:14:58 +0300.
             <3D35B422.2050107@nomadiclab.com> 
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 02:44:10 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   One of the reasons why the R bit was taken away was
   (and IMHO still is) security.  As far as I understand, the
   RR method does not work for mobile routers, but I may
   be wrong.

=> the R bit is for MN->HA BUs so your argument is irrelevant.

   Furthermore, I haven't been following closely
   enough, so I don't know if the base spec IPsec method
   (for MN-HA security) is now clear enough so that the
   R bit could be put back form MN-HA BUs.

=> MN-HA authorizes far more than the R bit so I don't believe
there is a security issue.

   But AFAIK we still cannot use it for MN-CN BUs, due to these
   security consideratiosn.
   
=> this doesn't matter.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Thread-Topic: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
Thread-Index: AcIt8bZcWArFmmXXSCy6gTz5ONnANgAAlLug
From: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@tahoenetworks.com>
To: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, <itojun@iijlab.net>
Cc: "Michael Thomas" <mat@cisco.com>, <john.loughney@nokia.com>,
        <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Vijay,

I am missing something. Can we invent a new option in the future
and call it a MUST be processed by all nodes ? If a node does
not understand the option, it should use the icmp parameter
problem to return errors. Not sure why we need something special
for HAO.

-mohan


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]=20
> Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 5:24 PM
> To: itojun@iijlab.net
> Cc: Michael Thomas; john.loughney@nokia.com;=20
> keiichi@iij.ad.jp; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;=20
> ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
>=20
>=20
> itojun@iijlab.net wrote:
> >=20
> > >processing a HAO is simply replacing the source address with the=20
> > >contents of the HAO. earlier it is used to be a MUST without the=20
> > >verification step. IPv6 WG was okay with that. but people=20
> indentified=20
> > >some reflection attacks that are possible if you blindly accept=20
> > >unverified home address option. so now, it is a MUST with the=20
> > >verification step.
> >=20
> >         IPv6 wg OKed HAO in draft 5 or 6.  HAO changed a=20
> lot since then,
> >         and i think it not reasonable for you to think that=20
> new-HAO is also
> >         OKed automaticalliy.
>=20
> new-HAO?? the format has not changed. neither has the=20
> processing. it is still a destination option. how is it new?=20
> infact it has=20
> been made secure by the new verification step.
>=20
> infact, (IMO) there is no need for this new verification step=20
> if we have smart ingress filtering as described by Francis=20
> Dupont in=20
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-
filtering-00.txt.
Francis is probably around somewhere. can you please talk to him?

Vijay

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charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
6.0.4417.0">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be =
mandated</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!-- Converted from text/plain format -->

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Vijay,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I am missing something. Can we invent a new option in =
the future</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>and call it a MUST be processed by all nodes ? If a =
node does</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>not understand the option, it should use the icmp =
parameter</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>problem to return errors. Not sure why we need =
something special</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>for HAO.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-mohan</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Vijay Devarapalli [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com">mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com</A>] =
</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 5:24 PM</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: itojun@iijlab.net</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: Michael Thomas; john.loughney@nokia.com; =
</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; keiichi@iij.ad.jp; =
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE =
processing will be mandated</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; itojun@iijlab.net wrote:</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;processing a HAO is simply replacing =
the source address with the </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;contents of the HAO. earlier it is used =
to be a MUST without the </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;verification step. IPv6 WG was okay =
with that. but people </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; indentified </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;some reflection attacks that are =
possible if you blindly accept </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;unverified home address option. so now, =
it is a MUST with the </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;verification step.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; IPv6 wg OKed HAO in =
draft 5 or 6.&nbsp; HAO changed a </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; lot since then,</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and i think it not =
reasonable for you to think that </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; new-HAO is also</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; OKed =
automaticalliy.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; new-HAO?? the format has not changed. neither =
has the </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; processing. it is still a destination option. =
how is it new? </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; infact it has </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; been made secure by the new verification =
step.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; infact, (IMO) there is no need for this new =
verification step </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; if we have smart ingress filtering as described =
by Francis </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Dupont in </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; <A =
HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-">h=
ttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-</A></FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>filtering-00.txt.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Francis is probably around somewhere. can you please =
talk to him?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Vijay</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01C22DF4.1C40AC15--


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 20:54:57 2002
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 02:53:38 +0200
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  > 
  > The question more is, what do general implementations need 
  > to implement.
  > In my opinion, general often equals robust.  SHOULD does not mean
  > optional, it means you do it unless you have good reason 
  > not to do it.
  > I think the burden of proof, then, would be the endpoint 
  > which does not
  > implement a certain feature.

=> So are you saying should is ok? because that's all I'm
saying.

  > I think that since HAO is used for security reasons, it may 
  > have a strong
  > need to be a must than other functionality.  Just my opinion.

=> The HAO is not needed for security reasons at all. All
these arguments for SHOULD vs MUST are essentially because
some people want to allow triangular routing _for_IPsec_protected_
traffic _only_. As I said a few mails back, the HAO is only
accepted if the packet is protected by IPsec or if a BCE
exists.  

Hesham

  > 
  > John
  > 


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Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 17:55:34 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@tahoenetworks.com>
CC: itojun@iijlab.net, Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
        keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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a new spec comes out. it has a lot of features. some of the 
features are very important for the protocol (otherwise the 
protocol does not work well). so we say all nodes have to 
implement these features.

on the other hand, the new spec should not screw up the 
earlier implementations.

are we in agreement with the above?

it is nice to consider legacy nodes. But software upgrades 
are also very routine. I dont have a machine which is running 
the earliest version of Windows/FreeBSD/Linux/......

regards
Vijay

> Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> 
> Vijay,
> 
> I am missing something. Can we invent a new option in the future
> and call it a MUST be processed by all nodes ? If a node does
> not understand the option, it should use the icmp parameter
> problem to return errors. Not sure why we need something special
> for HAO.
> 
> -mohan
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> > Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 5:24 PM
> > To: itojun@iijlab.net
> > Cc: Michael Thomas; john.loughney@nokia.com;
> > keiichi@iij.ad.jp; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
> > ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
> >
> >
> > itojun@iijlab.net wrote:
> > >
> > > >processing a HAO is simply replacing the source address with the
> > > >contents of the HAO. earlier it is used to be a MUST without the
> > > >verification step. IPv6 WG was okay with that. but people
> > indentified
> > > >some reflection attacks that are possible if you blindly accept
> > > >unverified home address option. so now, it is a MUST with the
> > > >verification step.
> > >
> > >         IPv6 wg OKed HAO in draft 5 or 6.  HAO changed a
> > lot since then,
> > >         and i think it not reasonable for you to think that
> > new-HAO is also
> > >         OKed automaticalliy.
> >
> > new-HAO?? the format has not changed. neither has the
> > processing. it is still a destination option. how is it new?
> > infact it has
> > been made secure by the new verification step.
> >
> > infact, (IMO) there is no need for this new verification step
> > if we have smart ingress filtering as described by Francis
> > Dupont in
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-
> filtering-00.txt.
> Francis is probably around somewhere. can you please talk to him?
> 
> Vijay


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: itojun@iijlab.net, keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 17 Jul 2002 14:33:21 PDT.
             <3D35E2A1.18E60F30@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 02:57:10 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > >it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an ICMP error message
   > >pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives this message, it
   > >starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where is the problem?
   > >if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it can be. the
   > >binding error functionality can also be substituted by an ICMP error.
   > >Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for the MN to figure
   > >out whats going on.
   > 
   >         then I see no reason for the MUST.
   
   I was discounting the reason (the already IPv6 installed base) you 
   gave. the MUST is for newer IPv6 CN implementations. as I told you 
   already, it makes the MN's life easier. but the current spec does 
   ensure that a MN can still have a session with an old IPv6 
   implementation (which does not implement HAO) through reverse 
   tunneling. so again, where is the problem? why are you against the 
   MUST?
   
=> MUSTs are for interoperability problems, not for political matters.
So Itojun is right and the fact that old IPv6 nodes still work with
MNs proves the requirement should not be higher than SHOULD.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: sorry but if someone is asking whether the RR/RO support should be
mandatory I'll vote against it. And I can't see how the iETF will
enforce it if I am being in the minority...
(the topics has just been added to the ipv6 WG session agenda)


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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Cc: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@tahoenetworks.com>,
        Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 09:57:38 +0900
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>it is nice to consider legacy nodes. But software upgrades 
>are also very routine. I dont have a machine which is running 
>the earliest version of Windows/FreeBSD/Linux/......

	i don't think i have the same definition for "legacy" with you.

itojun


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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2002 21:07:04 -0400
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A few issues have become mingled here.

1) Keiichi and others have raised the issue of MUST support for HAO
and BE processing and have proposed a solution that allows communication
to happen between any two nodes with clarification in the MIP spec of
properly handling the ICMP errors returned.

2) There is a question about RO support requirements for all nodes.
Actually the current spec doesn't give a recommendation for support of
RO.  If a node is supporting it, there are a bunch of MUSTs.

We should make sure we agree as a working group on our consensus on these
two issues.  Perhaps we can sort this out on the MIP list first?


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Francis Dupont [mailto:Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 8:57 PM
> To: Vijay Devarapalli
> Cc: itojun@iijlab.net; keiichi@iij.ad.jp; 
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
> ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
> 
> 
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    > >it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an 
> ICMP error message
>    > >pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives 
> this message, it
>    > >starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where 
> is the problem?
>    > >if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it 
> can be. the
>    > >binding error functionality can also be substituted by 
> an ICMP error.
>    > >Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for 
> the MN to figure
>    > >out whats going on.
>    > 
>    >         then I see no reason for the MUST.
>    
>    I was discounting the reason (the already IPv6 installed base) you 
>    gave. the MUST is for newer IPv6 CN implementations. as I told you 
>    already, it makes the MN's life easier. but the current spec does 
>    ensure that a MN can still have a session with an old IPv6 
>    implementation (which does not implement HAO) through reverse 
>    tunneling. so again, where is the problem? why are you against the 
>    MUST?
>    
> => MUSTs are for interoperability problems, not for political matters.
> So Itojun is right and the fact that old IPv6 nodes still work with
> MNs proves the requirement should not be higher than SHOULD.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
> PS: sorry but if someone is asking whether the RR/RO support should be
> mandatory I'll vote against it. And I can't see how the iETF will
> enforce it if I am being in the minority...
> (the topics has just been added to the ipv6 WG session agenda)
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
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> Direct all administrative requests to majordomo@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 05:09:03 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Hi Itojun,


 > 	we have no way to force upgrade for all users of the existing IPv6
 > 	stacks.  therefore, i believe it very important for mobile-ip6 to be
 > 	defined so that:
 > 	- mobile-ip6 MN is interoperable with CN without HAO support, nor
 > 	  binding error message support

This is already the case. Draft 18 always work even with an IPv6 node that
has no MIPv6 support. A CN that doesn't support RR will be sending back
ICMP Parameter Problems, which we take in account. (In the current draft
also shows a rather special case where HAO could be used without RO if an
SA exists, but even in that case we would get an ICMP back and be able to
act if the other side didn't support this.)

By the way, this ability to support non-MIPv6 nodes is a new feature from
a couple of months back, a consequence of protecting against certain security
attacks. I really like this feature, and it should make new implementations
quite good in the interoperability sense.

So, technically everything works. But it's a separate question whether
the IETF wants to mandate (SHOULD/MUST) some level of additional support,
such as for the HAO or even for the RO. But regardless of whether such
mandates are accepted or implemented, the protocol should technically
work in all cases. If you can see a case where this would not be the case,
please let as know and we'll fix it.

Jari





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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: itojun@iijlab.net, Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
        keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 17 Jul 2002 17:23:40 PDT.
             <3D360A8C.928E9CAD@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 04:24:29 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   new-HAO?? the format has not changed. neither has the processing.

=> this is not true, now the HAO must be verificable/verified.

   infact, (IMO) there is no need for this new verification step if
   we have smart ingress filtering as described by Francis Dupont
   in
   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dupont-ipv6-ingress-filtering-00.txt.
   Francis is probably around somewhere. can you please talk to him?
   
=> this solution was rejected by the DT... In fact even the verification
concept (from a Charlie Perkins' attempt to avoid mandatory BCE check)
is at the margin of the DT decision.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: I believe Pekka can summarize his ideas about CoA stuff at the
alternate security of Mobile IPv6 bar BOF.


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cc: hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se, mat@cisco.com, itojun@iijlab.net,
        vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, keiichi@iij.ad.jp,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 18 Jul 2002 03:41:18 +0300.
             <0C1353ABB1DEB74DB067ADFF749C4EEFD38ECF@esebe004.NOE.Nokia.com> 
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 04:34:41 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I think that since HAO is used for security reasons, it may have a strong
   need to be a must than other functionality.  Just my opinion.
   
=> I disagree: HAO is only a tunnel optimization and is *not*
used for security reasons.

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 22:39:06 2002
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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 05:39:45 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
Cc: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
        itojun@iijlab.net, keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
References: <0C1353ABB1DEB74DB067ADFF749C4EEFC65789@esebe004.NOE.Nokia.com>	<15669.60922.686205.742010@thomasm-u1.cisco.com>	<3D35FF20.2E5FCADF@iprg.nokia.com> <15670.1003.493633.920465@thomasm-u1.cisco.com>
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Michael Thomas wrote:


>    I guess the long and short of this is that I'm
>    somewhat skeptical of putting general node
>    requirements in the MIP draft since it's
>    probably not the first place one would be
>    looking to figure out if they were an IPv6
>    compliant node. If it's really, really vital
>    for the health of the net, yadda, yadda, it
>    would be better to put it in a general v6 node
>    requirements RFC, don't you think?


That _is_ actually the intention. We tried to formulate
section 8.2. (RO requirements) in the MIPv6 draft so that
it describes what you have to do to support RO, but not
when you have to support it. And we are expecting the node
requirements document to say MAY/SHOULD/MUST for the RO
feature. I think that's the right place to make the
determination. Ok?

Jari






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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 05:38:22 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu>
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net,
        Keiichi SHIMA / =?ISO-8859-1?Q?=3F=3F=3F?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
References: <200207171531.g6HFVft12848@astro.cs.utk.edu>
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Keith Moore wrote:


> the purpose of a standard is to describe what is necessary for interoperability
> and proper functioning of the protocol, not to legitimize existing 
> implementations.  so the installed base shouldn't dictate whether a feature
> is a MUST in a new version of a standard unless interoperability with the 
> installed base is important (it generally is) and imposing the MUST condition 
> on implementations that conform with the new version of the standard affects 
> interoperability with the installed base.

Agree with all of the above.

In this case, there are no interoperability problems. Since draft N-2
Mobile IPv6 has been able to work with IPv6 nodes that have *no* MIPv6
specific code.

Again, this is separate from what the IETF may mandate for IPv6 nodes
to support. To take a clearly unreasonable example, we could mandate
every node to support a 1,000,000 entry bindind cache. Even with
such a mandate a node conforming to this requirement would work
with a node that has never heard of MIPv6. So, interoperability and
must-implement are different in this particular case. I think that's
good because we can then decide more freely what to require from
all implementations.

Jari



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 22:42:11 2002
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From: "Pascal Thubert" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <mat@cisco.com>, <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <itojun@iijlab.net>, <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 11:41:35 +0200
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* Just as an FYI, I replied to the earlier mail because I am
> trying to sort this out for the node requirements.  I think
> that in MIPv6, it is OK that MIPv6 makes this recommendation (given
> working group consensus, IESG approval, etc.) but the Node Requirements
> document is the final word on the issue (assuming WG consensus,
> IESG approval, etc.).

This issue seems to delay MIPv6 till the node requirement is out; so could we
not just recommend that the Mobile Node SHOULD use the reverse tunnel till some
part of the RR test is complete? If we do so, then a potential CN that fails to
respond to the CoT test would be considered as a legacy device and we would not
perform RO at all.  My initial proposal is to negotiate the RO the following
way:

Cot Fails : The MN MUST use the reverse tunnel for all traffic
Cot works, Hot Fails : The CN accepts the HaO but is not willing to manage a
Bind Cache -> triangular routing (E.g. a clustered web server)
Both work: The CN is willing to receive bind updates.

What do you think?

Pascal

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of john.loughney@nokia.com
Sent: Thursday, July 18, 2002 2:14 AM
To: mat@cisco.com; vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net; keiichi@iij.ad.jp; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated

Hi Mike,

> Vijay Devarapalli writes:
>  > RO is a SHOULD, it is not a MUST in the current draft. we were
>  > not talking about route optimization. we were talking about
>  > processing a HAO. in the current spec HAO MUST be processed but
>  > not accepted if it cant be verified. verification can be in the
>  > form of checking for a valid BCE (created securely), IPsec
>  > protected data session, same trusted domain (where you dont
>  > expect people to do reflection attacks), the tagging proposal
>  > from Rajeev and Charlie, smart ingress filtering from Francis
>  > Dupont, etc...
>
>    Oh, OK. Sorry about that. Still if the code
>    isn't in the CN, the MN should still be able
>    to operate correctly, right? That still seems
>    to me to be a SHOULD rather than a MUST for the
>    same reasons in my reply to John.
>
>    I guess the long and short of this is that I'm
>    somewhat skeptical of putting general node
>    requirements in the MIP draft since it's
>    probably not the first place one would be
>    looking to figure out if they were an IPv6
>    compliant node. If it's really, really vital
>    for the health of the net, yadda, yadda, it
>    would be better to put it in a general v6 node
>    requirements RFC, don't you think?

Just as an FYI, I replied to the earlier mail because I am
trying to sort this out for the node requirements.  I think
that in MIPv6, it is OK that MIPv6 makes this recommendation (given
working group consensus, IESG approval, etc.) but the Node Requirements
document is the final word on the issue (assuming WG consensus,
IESG approval, etc.).

John



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 22:49:31 2002
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From: "Pascal Thubert" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <mat@cisco.com>, <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <itojun@iijlab.net>, <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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* Just as an FYI, I replied to the earlier mail because I am
> trying to sort this out for the node requirements.  I think
> that in MIPv6, it is OK that MIPv6 makes this recommendation (given
> working group consensus, IESG approval, etc.) but the Node Requirements
> document is the final word on the issue (assuming WG consensus,
> IESG approval, etc.).

This issue seems to delay MIPv6 till the node requirement is out; so could we
not just recommend that the Mobile Node SHOULD use the reverse tunnel till some
part of the RR test is complete? If we do so, then a potential CN that fails to
respond to the CoT test would be considered as a legacy device and we would not
perform RO at all.  My initial proposal is to negotiate the RO the following
way:

Cot Fails : The MN MUST use the reverse tunnel for all traffic
Cot works, Hot Fails : The CN accepts the HaO but is not willing to manage a
Bind Cache -> triangular routing (E.g. a clustered web server)
Both work: The CN is willing to receive bind updates.

What do you think?

Pascal

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of john.loughney@nokia.com
Sent: Thursday, July 18, 2002 2:14 AM
To: mat@cisco.com; vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net; keiichi@iij.ad.jp; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated

Hi Mike,

> Vijay Devarapalli writes:
>  > RO is a SHOULD, it is not a MUST in the current draft. we were
>  > not talking about route optimization. we were talking about
>  > processing a HAO. in the current spec HAO MUST be processed but
>  > not accepted if it cant be verified. verification can be in the
>  > form of checking for a valid BCE (created securely), IPsec
>  > protected data session, same trusted domain (where you dont
>  > expect people to do reflection attacks), the tagging proposal
>  > from Rajeev and Charlie, smart ingress filtering from Francis
>  > Dupont, etc...
>
>    Oh, OK. Sorry about that. Still if the code
>    isn't in the CN, the MN should still be able
>    to operate correctly, right? That still seems
>    to me to be a SHOULD rather than a MUST for the
>    same reasons in my reply to John.
>
>    I guess the long and short of this is that I'm
>    somewhat skeptical of putting general node
>    requirements in the MIP draft since it's
>    probably not the first place one would be
>    looking to figure out if they were an IPv6
>    compliant node. If it's really, really vital
>    for the health of the net, yadda, yadda, it
>    would be better to put it in a general v6 node
>    requirements RFC, don't you think?

Just as an FYI, I replied to the earlier mail because I am
trying to sort this out for the node requirements.  I think
that in MIPv6, it is OK that MIPv6 makes this recommendation (given
working group consensus, IESG approval, etc.) but the Node Requirements
document is the final word on the issue (assuming WG consensus,
IESG approval, etc.).

John



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 22:51:39 2002
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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 05:50:26 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net, Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
        keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:


> new-HAO?? the format has not changed. neither has the processing.
> it is still a destination option. how is it new? infact it has 
> been made secure by the new verification step.


The processing has changed in the sense that there is a new
verification step. Basically, we don't accept unverified HAOs,
either an SA or RR BCE must exist before they can be used.
This limits in a sense the use of the HAO in a completely free
way, as it used to be. (The most efficient routing case, RO,
is of course still supported and that's what we hope will be
used in most cases.)

(Back in the old versions of the draft, HAO needed to be a MUST
because otherwise interoperability would have failed.)

Jari



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 17 22:51:47 2002
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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hi Ajoy,

> Hi Ajoy,
>
> > Ajoy-> Target trigger will be suitable for cellular
> > networks.  BTW, even in case of WLAN, you can receive
> > L2-TT trigger at nAP. L2TT (Re-association Request) can
> > provide nAP the L2 address of the oldAP as well as L2
> > address of the mobile node. If we implement FA function
>
> Does re-association also apply to BSS mode, or when
> the station moves between two different ESS?
>
> If it is only used when the station moves from one AP
> to another in the same ESS, this is not as interesting,
> because the mobility is already handled at link-layer
> in 802.11b.
>
> Ajoy-> Mostly I have seen Re-association Request is sent
> whenever an MN moves from one AP to other AP in the same ESS.
> This is partly because IAPP handles intra-ESS handoff.

Exactly.... So, IAPP already takes care of the mobility, no need
for higher layer mobility management in that particular case.

> I believe this is an implementation issue and
> can be easily extended, if Mobile/IP provides appropriate hooks.

I wonder if the spec allows/enables use of re-association messages
in BSS mode.

And than, if client is already sending a re-association message, why not
use ESS and IAPP for this? Why would people need another protocol
that looks like IAPP on the same network..


>
> > at AP, then this becomes an implementation issue.
> > If not, then you need to define some protocol between
> > AP and AR which can be addressed in separate document.
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yegin-l2-triggers-00.txt
>
> ...
>
> > Ajoy->IP layer protocol only works for Mobile Initiated trigger. It does
> > not work for network initiated trigger. BTW, based upon our
> > implementation, we found anticipated handover does not provide
> > good performance on cellular link. Hence, anticipated handover
> > is not going to address fast handoff need for various cellular networks.
>
> Ajoy, was that an FMIPv4 implementation, or FMIPv6 implementation?
>
> Ajoy-> We implemented FMIPv4. But I do not believe FMIPv6 implementation
> will provide substantially better performance. More or less the basic
> idea is same. I think the part of the problem is high RTT of 3G wireless
> link (MN to AR). So, adding lots of signaling messages over the high RTT
> link will require sufficiently higher anticipation time. If you keep
> very high anticipation time, handover may not be consistently
> reliable.
>

Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
performance differences.

alper

>
>



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Pascal Thubert wrote:

> * Just as an FYI, I replied to the earlier mail because I am
> 
>>trying to sort this out for the node requirements.  I think
>>that in MIPv6, it is OK that MIPv6 makes this recommendation (given
>>working group consensus, IESG approval, etc.) but the Node Requirements
>>document is the final word on the issue (assuming WG consensus,
>>IESG approval, etc.).
>>
> 
> This issue seems to delay MIPv6 till the node requirement is out; so could we
> not just recommend that the Mobile Node SHOULD use the reverse tunnel till some
> part of the RR test is complete? If we do so, then a potential CN that fails to
> respond to the CoT test would be considered as a legacy device and we would not
> perform RO at all.  My initial proposal is to negotiate the RO the following
> way:


This is what the spec has been saying for some time.


Jari





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Hi Pascal,

> This issue seems to delay MIPv6 till the node requirement is 
> out; 

I disagree.  I think that MIP WG should specify what it thinks
is correct & documents it.  If the documentation is good &
reasons are sufficient, I don't think that supportting it
in the Node Requirements document will be a problem.

John



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward
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> But we disagree on the level of detail at which L2 triggers
> should be included in the draft, and the value of tunnel-based
> handover (I think).
>

There is an additional point on which we disagree. The need for a handover
solution in which there is no over the air signaling, either pre- or
posthandover.

> I think that the current draft (v5) provides an
> access independent framework for Fast handovers,
> assuming some hints from lower layers, like
> L2 (in the MN or the AR depending on the type
> of link) knows that handover is about to happen
> and will inform the IP layer.

Well, the claim was made that the current draft was specfically written to
exclude any reference to hints from Layer 2.

My opinion is that it was written to specificallly exclude certain handover
techniques that require hints from Layer 2, namely those that require no over
the air signaling, and to relegate those that require posthandover over the air
signaling to error cases. Those that require prehandover over the air signaling
were included as the normal cases, regardless of whether they required layer 2
information or not. Curiously, the normal cases were exactly those that were
included in draft 02, which was the result of now long concluded design team
discussions.

Thus, I have a difficult time understanding the logic behind what was included
and eliminated from draft 4.

>I believe that's
> about as far as the doc needs to say. However,
> to get this stuff deployed and make it useful,
> more detail is needed. But I don't think that
> this draft can possibly include all the details
> relevant to all link layers. This is where Fast
> Handovers over foo documents would be needed.
>
> These documents can show exactly what triggers
> are needed, and how to integrate FMIPv6 signalling
> at the right time. Frankly, even if the current
> draft shows some names for L2 triggers, I don't
> think it would be useful. We need more detail
> for each link layer.
>
> So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
> 802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should
> do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
> layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
> defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
> on the IP layer.
>

Here's what I think the current draft needs:

1) A clear statement of the problem.

2) A high level perspective on the proposed solution space that clearly
describes the two processes proposed for solving the problem of optimizing
Mobile IP handover:
    a) Prehandover address configuration
    b) Repair of routing failure due to old link termination.

The first process is not required because it is not possible for certain link
layers, the second is required for optimization otherwise the mobile node loses
in flight packets.

3) A short description of requirements on link layers. These requirements may
not all hold for all link layers. In addition, this should include a grouping of
requirements into classes of link layers based on what kinds of prehandover and
posthandover information is available on handover sequencing. For example, one
class has prehandover sequencing information available on the mobile node, and
thus can support prehandover address configuration.

This section should also describe when this protocol is not required, for
example, when the layer 2 supports make before break handover.

4) A description of the IP signaling required to perform prehandover address
configuration, and the IP signaling required to perform routing failure repair,
without any reference to the availabity of layer 2 handover sequencing
information.

5) A description of what IP signaling would occur for particular classes of
available layer 2 handover sequencing information.

If this sounds complicated, its because there are time dependencies and
dependencies on lower layers that don't occur for other IP protocols. I believe
igoring those would result in a base specification without sufficient detail to
guide implementors having to implement the protocol on a particular link layer.

                jak



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I'm trying to summarize the discussion on the HAO and BE
processing.

Here's a few things that came up in the discussion:

* MUSTs should be used only if interoperability is
   at danger, or if the health of the internet is
   in question even if protocols would operate
   correctly.

* There will be existing IPv6 nodes that do not
   yet have MIPv6 support, and not all of them can
   be changed overnight when a new IPv6 RFC comes out.

* The current MIPv6 protocol works technically even
   with non-MIPv6 nodes. The MNs will not normally
   attempt to use HAO without establishing a binding.
   If the CN does not support MIPv6 RR, it sends back
   an ICMPv6 parameter problem. And even if the MN
   went ahead and used HAO (as in with IPsec, for instance),
   the CN would also respond with a parameter problem.

   This is in the current draft*.

* There are two potential node requirements from the
   MIPv6 functionality:
     - Route optimization, the main benefit (section 8.2)
     - Basic HAO supported, a subset of the above and
       used for HAO under IPsec with triangular routing
       (8.1). Includes also BEs.

* The current draft does not state what the keyword
   is for the RO functionality (so far left for the node
   requirements team to decide, yet we intend to recommend
   something). The draft does say MUST for basic
   HAO support, however.

* The IETF is free to decide what kind of requirement to
   place on nodes for these functions, since there are
   no interoperability concerns.

* IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the HAO as a mandatory
   feature for all IPv6 nodes. Arguments have been made,
   however, that the processing of the HAO has been changed
   and the situation may now be different.

* Arguments have been raised that the basic HAO support does
   not fullfil conditions to be a MUST.

* Earlier discussions have looked upon what is the right
   level of support for RO. Proposals ranging from MAY to
   MUST were then mentioned, and arguments about congestion-like
   effects of non-optimal routing were used among others.

Jari

* A last call comment requested more text for the HAO-without-RO case.



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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 07:46:33 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> Hi Pascal,
> 
> 
>>This issue seems to delay MIPv6 till the node requirement is 
>>out; 
>>
> 
> I disagree.  I think that MIP WG should specify what it thinks
> is correct & documents it.  If the documentation is good &
> reasons are sufficient, I don't think that supportting it
> in the Node Requirements document will be a problem.


I agree with John on this. Note also that even if the final
keyword would be found in the node requirements document,
MIPv6 can still be deployed as soon as its spec is out.

Jari




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 18 01:16:23 2002
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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, mat@cisco.com, itojun@iijlab.net,
        keiichi@iij.ad.jp
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] RE: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 01:09:45 -0400
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When the next version of the draft is issued, incorporating
all the agreed resolutions of WG last call comments, we'll
post a note to the ipng mailing list summarizing the requirements
that the MIP WG is recommending.

Phil


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi]
> Sent: Thursday, July 18, 2002 12:50 AM
> To: mat@cisco.com; itojun@iijlab.net; keiichi@iij.ad.jp
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
> 
> 
> 
> I'm trying to summarize the discussion on the HAO and BE
> processing.
> 
> Here's a few things that came up in the discussion:
> 
> * MUSTs should be used only if interoperability is
>    at danger, or if the health of the internet is
>    in question even if protocols would operate
>    correctly.
> 
> * There will be existing IPv6 nodes that do not
>    yet have MIPv6 support, and not all of them can
>    be changed overnight when a new IPv6 RFC comes out.
> 
> * The current MIPv6 protocol works technically even
>    with non-MIPv6 nodes. The MNs will not normally
>    attempt to use HAO without establishing a binding.
>    If the CN does not support MIPv6 RR, it sends back
>    an ICMPv6 parameter problem. And even if the MN
>    went ahead and used HAO (as in with IPsec, for instance),
>    the CN would also respond with a parameter problem.
> 
>    This is in the current draft*.
> 
> * There are two potential node requirements from the
>    MIPv6 functionality:
>      - Route optimization, the main benefit (section 8.2)
>      - Basic HAO supported, a subset of the above and
>        used for HAO under IPsec with triangular routing
>        (8.1). Includes also BEs.
> 
> * The current draft does not state what the keyword
>    is for the RO functionality (so far left for the node
>    requirements team to decide, yet we intend to recommend
>    something). The draft does say MUST for basic
>    HAO support, however.
> 
> * The IETF is free to decide what kind of requirement to
>    place on nodes for these functions, since there are
>    no interoperability concerns.
> 
> * IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the HAO as a mandatory
>    feature for all IPv6 nodes. Arguments have been made,
>    however, that the processing of the HAO has been changed
>    and the situation may now be different.
> 
> * Arguments have been raised that the basic HAO support does
>    not fullfil conditions to be a MUST.
> 
> * Earlier discussions have looked upon what is the right
>    level of support for RO. Proposals ranging from MAY to
>    MUST were then mentioned, and arguments about congestion-like
>    effects of non-optimal routing were used among others.
> 
> Jari
> 
> * A last call comment requested more text for the HAO-without-RO case.
> 
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> IETF IPng Working Group Mailing List
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> Direct all administrative requests to majordomo@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 18 01:21:07 2002
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
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Let me add one thing.

From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>

> * IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the HAO as a mandatory
>    feature for all IPv6 nodes. Arguments have been made,
>    however, that the processing of the HAO has been changed
>    and the situation may now be different.

In addition, the current draft requires not only HAO but also BE.
This means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new extention header
(mobility header).

I never say that such a mechanism is bad at all.  It is good of
course.  But from the view of the fast deployment of both IPv6 and
Mobile IPv6, I personally think it better not to require additional
requirements...  This is not the view of the protocol designer,
though.

I'm probablly a bad designer and a bad scientist.  I just want a real
IPv6 and a Mobile IPv6...

Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 18 01:24:41 2002
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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'Hesham Soliman (EAB)'" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Hesham Soliman (EAB) [mailto:hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 12:52 PM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward
> 
> 
> Hi, 
> 
> I didn't have enough time in the meeting to explain
> clearly what I meant when we discussed Phil's proposal. 
> Since I suddenly have excellent WLAN coverage in the 
> room, I'll try to do it now!
> 
> First of all, I'm not sure that the WG is actually
> split. In fact, after reading all emails, I think we 
> agree on many issues. Let me try to list them and 
> see if I'm right. I think we agree on the following:
> 
> - L2 triggers will make Fast handovers perform better. 
> - L2 triggers are needed.
> - We need an access independent solution.
> 
> But we disagree on the level of detail at which L2 triggers 
> should be included in the draft, and the value of tunnel-based
> handover (I think). 
> 
> So, to make my comment clear, I wasn't not against
> Phil's proposal to have a separate draft for Fast
> Handovers in 802.11. I was only against the implicit
> content of such document. 
> 
> I think that the current draft (v5) provides an 
> access independent framework for Fast handovers, 
> assuming some hints from lower layers, like 
> L2 (in the MN or the AR depending on the type
> of link) knows that handover is about to happen
> and will inform the IP layer. I believe that's 
> about as far as the doc needs to say. However, 
> to get this stuff deployed and make it useful, 
> more detail is needed. But I don't think that 
> this draft can possibly include all the details 
> relevant to all link layers. This is where Fast
> Handovers over foo documents would be needed. 
> 
> These documents can show exactly what triggers 
> are needed, and how to integrate FMIPv6 signalling
> at the right time. Frankly, even if the current
> draft shows some names for L2 triggers, I don't
> think it would be useful. We need more detail
> for each link layer.
> 
> So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
> 802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should 
> do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
> layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
> defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
> on the IP layer. 
> 
> Does this make sense to anyone ? 
> I wish we had a show of hands during the meeting but
> there was no time to discuss it, because I don't think 
> the WG is very divided on this actually. 

Makes perfect sense.  I read the sense of the working
group differently than you do, but as in many things
YMMV.

It appears I wasn't clear about my intentions for the
document.  I agree there should not be a different IP
layer protocol standardized for each link layer, and for
a new draft, I'd want it to take a subset of what is in the
larger spec.  The end goal, as I tried to say, is a base fho spec
with specific applicability to various underlying technologies
in separate docs.  This is a pragmatic step to solve a subset
of the problem as a means to the eventual end goal.

Phil

> 
> Hesham
> 


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From: "Kuntal Chowdhury" <chowdury@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net, vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, keiichi@iij.ad.jp,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 00:56:23 -0500
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Michael Thomas wrote:
>    Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence
>    that the net would be substantially harmed if RO
>    wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed, 
>    I think  there's good reason to believe that many/most
>    nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel
>    implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be
>    a nice and useful optimization, but I really
>    don't see it as a "if we don't do this the net
>    will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems like it
>    strikes the right balance.
> 
> 	       Mike
> 

I could not agree more with this point. RO would be a required 
functionality a number of years back, when the net was in it's 
infancy and bandwidth availability in the backbone networks 
(even transoceanic links) were severely limited.
We are in the age of OC-192/768s over DWDM. The delay that an IP
packet incurs in the core is almost negligible. 
If bottleneck in the HA is the primary driver for RO, then it is
possible to solve the problem with load balancing with DHAAD.

My two cents.

Regards,
Kuntal

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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated </TITLE>
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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Michael Thomas wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; that the net would be substantially harmed if RO</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I think&nbsp; there's good reason to believe that many/most</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a nice and useful optimization, but I really</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; don't see it as a &quot;if we don't do this the net</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; will fall apart&quot;. As such, SHOULD seems like it</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; strikes the right balance.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mike</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>I could not agree more with this point. RO would be a required </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>functionality a number of years back, when the net was in it's </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>infancy and bandwidth availability in the backbone networks </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>(even transoceanic links) were severely limited.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>We are in the age of OC-192/768s over DWDM. The delay that an IP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>packet incurs in the core is almost negligible. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>If bottleneck in the HA is the primary driver for RO, then it is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>possible to solve the problem with load balancing with DHAAD.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>My two cents.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Kuntal</FONT>
</P>

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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@ericsson.fi>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
References: <0C1353ABB1DEB74DB067ADFF749C4EEFC6578D@esebe004.NOE.Nokia.com>	<3D3648E4.8050701@kolumbus.fi> <20020718.141850.32635405.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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Keiichi SHIMA wrote:

> Let me add one thing.
> 
> From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
> 
>>* IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the HAO as a mandatory
>>   feature for all IPv6 nodes. Arguments have been made,
>>   however, that the processing of the HAO has been changed
>>   and the situation may now be different.
>>
> 
> In addition, the current draft requires not only HAO but also BE.
> This means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new extention header
> (mobility header).


Correct.

Jari




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 18 05:08:31 2002
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From: "Pascal Thubert" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "=?us-ascii?B?S2VpaWNoaSBTSElNQSAvICI/T2NeZQ==?=" <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>,
        <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 18:00:05 +0200
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I think I've been a little cryptic:

Some devices such as a fridge may be happy to have a minimum set of requirements
for IPv6. Other devices such as clustered servers may not be able to maintain a
BCE at all because the cluster IP address is shared among all the members of the
cluster -- unless they perform a new protocol to distribute the BCEs-.
Furthermore, if the cluster uses a dispatcher that is not on the return path,
then the dispatcher cannot provide the MIP termination, either. However, if that
same dispatcher terminates an IPSEC tunnel, or by other means to be defined
later such as piggy backing, it could be possible to trust a Home address option
and perform triangular routing.

Using a Binding Cache as opposed to piggy backing the BU with each packet
assumes that memory scales better than CPU. This seems a reasonable approach, so
does delaying the support of piggybacking. But still, we must allow for the case
where this trade-off does not apply. Say the dispatcher I just mentioned has a
hardware accelerated crypto engine; say it can cache some recent computations in
a LRU fashion; say it has limited memory capabilities to keep many BCEs long
term; and say it needs to serve requests for a huge amount of unrelated users;
in that case, the trade-off is the wrong choice, and triangular may be the best
can do, unless the client sources its requests with its CoA, which leads to more
open issues. MUSTing a Binding Cache in IPv6 outlaws this configuration de
facto.

If we agree that there can be several levels of support by the CN for RO, then
we could define what the behaviour is for each level and how to negotiate that
between the CN and the MN. My suggestion was to do that negotiation at RR test
time so that no bind support would be necessary unless both parties agree upon
bi-directional route optimization.

A way to perform that negotiation is to give a meaning to the response to HoTi
and CoTi. This may be achieved by adding negative Return Code to Hot Cot, and
mostly by accepting an ICMP error as a 'no' response.

So 'No' to Both HoTi and CoTi means no bind updates, and usage of the bidir
MN-HA tunnel, which ensures compatibility with minimum and legacy stacks, as per
the draft
'Yes' to both HoTi and CoTi means let's go with the bind update, as per the
draft
'Yes' to CoTi only means support for Home Address option but not for Bind Cache
'Yes' to HoTi only does not make sense to me at the moment ???

This is not exactly the way the draft presents things, mostly for the triangular
part. Also, the draft is heavily biased (e.g. 8.1) in such a way as to let the
reader believe that MIP could not work without support of the Home Address
option by all nodes, "since otherwise communications may be impossible". I
believe that this is misleading, and that we should rather explain the different
scenarios and pro/cons of each level of support by the CN. I believe we
ShOuLd at least replace all occurrences of MUST by SHOULD in 8.1.

Does that make sense?

Pascal

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Keiichi SHIMA / "?Oc^e
Sent: Thursday, July 18, 2002 7:19 AM
To: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
Cc: mat@cisco.com; itojun@iijlab.net; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion

Let me add one thing.

From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>

> * IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the HAO as a mandatory
>    feature for all IPv6 nodes. Arguments have been made,
>    however, that the processing of the HAO has been changed
>    and the situation may now be different.

In addition, the current draft requires not only HAO but also BE.
This means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new extention header
(mobility header).

I never say that such a mechanism is bad at all.  It is good of
course.  But from the view of the fast deployment of both IPv6 and
Mobile IPv6, I personally think it better not to require additional
requirements...  This is not the view of the protocol designer,
though.

I'm probablly a bad designer and a bad scientist.  I just want a real
IPv6 and a Mobile IPv6...

Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>



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Pascal Thubert wrote:

> I think I've been a little cryptic:
> 
> Some devices such as a fridge may be happy to have a minimum set of requirements
> for IPv6. Other devices such as clustered servers may not be able to maintain a
> BCE at all because the cluster IP address is shared among all the members of the
> cluster -- unless they perform a new protocol to distribute the BCEs-.
> Furthermore, if the cluster uses a dispatcher that is not on the return path,
> then the dispatcher cannot provide the MIP termination, either. However, if that
> same dispatcher terminates an IPSEC tunnel, or by other means to be defined
> later such as piggy backing, it could be possible to trust a Home address option
> and perform triangular routing.
> 
> Using a Binding Cache as opposed to piggy backing the BU with each packet
> assumes that memory scales better than CPU. This seems a reasonable approach, so
> does delaying the support of piggybacking. But still, we must allow for the case
> where this trade-off does not apply. Say the dispatcher I just mentioned has a
> hardware accelerated crypto engine; say it can cache some recent computations in
> a LRU fashion; say it has limited memory capabilities to keep many BCEs long
> term; and say it needs to serve requests for a huge amount of unrelated users;
> in that case, the trade-off is the wrong choice, and triangular may be the best
> can do, unless the client sources its requests with its CoA, which leads to more
> open issues. MUSTing a Binding Cache in IPv6 outlaws this configuration de
> facto.
> 
> If we agree that there can be several levels of support by the CN for RO, then
> we could define what the behaviour is for each level and how to negotiate that
> between the CN and the MN. My suggestion was to do that negotiation at RR test
> time so that no bind support would be necessary unless both parties agree upon
> bi-directional route optimization.
> 
> A way to perform that negotiation is to give a meaning to the response to HoTi
> and CoTi. This may be achieved by adding negative Return Code to Hot Cot, and
> mostly by accepting an ICMP error as a 'no' response.


I've thought about this in the context non-RR RO security schemes. We can
already do this, by adding a new mobility option to be carried by hoti and
then returned by hot if the peer supports it.


> So 'No' to Both HoTi and CoTi means no bind updates, and usage of the bidir
> MN-HA tunnel, which ensures compatibility with minimum and legacy stacks, as per
> the draft
> 'Yes' to both HoTi and CoTi means let's go with the bind update, as per the
> draft


Good.


> 'Yes' to CoTi only means support for Home Address option but not for Bind Cache
> 'Yes' to HoTi only does not make sense to me at the moment ???


Do we really need this kind of negotiation just to figure out whether the receiver
can support HAO or not? If yes, I think it would be much better to have the
RO and HAO support together. That is, the peer supports HAO if and only if
it supports RO and RR.


> This is not exactly the way the draft presents things, mostly for the triangular
> part. Also, the draft is heavily biased (e.g. 8.1) in such a way as to let the
> reader believe that MIP could not work without support of the Home Address
> option by all nodes, "since otherwise communications may be impossible". I


Uh... that's not right.


> believe that this is misleading, and that we should rather explain the different
> scenarios and pro/cons of each level of support by the CN. I believe we


Yes.


> ShOuLd at least replace all occurrences of MUST by SHOULD in 8.1.
> 
> Does that make sense?


Yes.

Jari







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Message-ID: <3D36CFE3.9090605@alcatel.com>
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 09:25:39 -0500
From: Behcet Sarikaya <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
Organization: Alcatel USA
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To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
CC: john.loughney@nokia.com, itojun@iijlab.net, vijayd@iprg.nokia.com,
        keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
References: <0C1353ABB1DEB74DB067ADFF749C4EEFC65789@esebe004.NOE.Nokia.com> <15669.60922.686205.742010@thomasm-u1.cisco.com>
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Michael,
  I do not understand why you are insisting on SHOULD? If IETF is not 
against having such MUSTs as in this case, let's have it. How can a 
revolutionary technology such as MIPv6 allow HA reverse tunneling like 
MIPv4 does?
  Another benefit will be to mandate HAO in any new implementations. 
Becasue of all these, I think that we should (or MUST) keep the MUST 
there, what the heck?

Regards,

Michael Thomas wrote:

>john.loughney@nokia.com writes:
> > > Given that MIPv6 will interoperate without binding
> > > code in CN's, it looks pretty much like a SHOULD
> > > to me. Indeed, the protocol would not be robust if
> > > it didn't consider the case of a non-conformant CN.
> > 
> > I think we want to ask is, is it the right thing to do?  For 
> > proper protocol functioning, will this lead to the correct
> > behavior.  If we think it is important, the MUST is OK.  The
> > spec does contain a mechanism to support existing implementations
> > of IPv6, which means the protocol designers are doing their
> > jobs.
>
>   I think we're straying into a "good" as in
>   "good for the overall health of the Internet"
>   kind of good, rather than a "good" as in will
>   the protocol operate correctly. For the former,
>   I think you need to have extremely compelling
>   motivation, as well as a lot of evidence that
>   the health of the net will be imperiled if *all*
>   nodes don't implement a particular function, which
>   is what is at issue here.
>
>   Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence
>   that the net would be substantially harmed if RO
>   wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed, 
>   I think  there's good reason to believe that many/most
>   nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel
>   implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be
>   a nice and useful optimization, but I really
>   don't see it as a "if we don't do this the net
>   will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems like it
>   strikes the right balance.
>
>	       Mike
>

-- 
Behcet 





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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 09:30:23 -0500
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Hello Alper,
Please find my inline reply.
regards,
ajoy

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 9:40 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


Hi Ajoy,

> Hi Ajoy,
>
> > Ajoy-> Target trigger will be suitable for cellular
> > networks.  BTW, even in case of WLAN, you can receive
> > L2-TT trigger at nAP. L2TT (Re-association Request) can
> > provide nAP the L2 address of the oldAP as well as L2
> > address of the mobile node. If we implement FA function
>
> Does re-association also apply to BSS mode, or when
> the station moves between two different ESS?
>
> If it is only used when the station moves from one AP
> to another in the same ESS, this is not as interesting,
> because the mobility is already handled at link-layer
> in 802.11b.
>
> Ajoy-> Mostly I have seen Re-association Request is sent
> whenever an MN moves from one AP to other AP in the same ESS.
> This is partly because IAPP handles intra-ESS handoff.

Exactly.... So, IAPP already takes care of the mobility, no need
for higher layer mobility management in that particular case.


> I believe this is an implementation issue and
> can be easily extended, if Mobile/IP provides appropriate hooks.

I wonder if the spec allows/enables use of re-association messages
in BSS mode.

And than, if client is already sending a re-association message, why not
use ESS and IAPP for this? Why would people need another protocol
that looks like IAPP on the same network..

Ajoy-> Typically (I think) the IP address of MN is topologically 
not correct after inter ESS handoff. This why Mobile/IP is 
required. BTW, this mobility should not be handled by IAPP. Hope
this helps. 

>
> > at AP, then this becomes an implementation issue.
> > If not, then you need to define some protocol between
> > AP and AR which can be addressed in separate document.
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yegin-l2-triggers-00.txt
>
> ...
>
> > Ajoy->IP layer protocol only works for Mobile Initiated trigger. It does
> > not work for network initiated trigger. BTW, based upon our
> > implementation, we found anticipated handover does not provide
> > good performance on cellular link. Hence, anticipated handover
> > is not going to address fast handoff need for various cellular networks.
>
> Ajoy, was that an FMIPv4 implementation, or FMIPv6 implementation?
>
> Ajoy-> We implemented FMIPv4. But I do not believe FMIPv6 implementation
> will provide substantially better performance. More or less the basic
> idea is same. I think the part of the problem is high RTT of 3G wireless
> link (MN to AR). So, adding lots of signaling messages over the high RTT
> link will require sufficiently higher anticipation time. If you keep
> very high anticipation time, handover may not be consistently
> reliable.
>

Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
performance differences.

Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and 
argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
time ? As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
of handover failure will increase. I do not think this has 
anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
similar behavior in either case. 

alper

>
>


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From: "Pascal Thubert" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Behcet Sarikaya" <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>,
        "Michael Thomas" <mat@cisco.com>
Cc: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <itojun@iijlab.net>, <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2002 23:51:13 +0200
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Face it: Many of today's large web servers will not want to maintain binding
caches. Because:
- They are clustered (see my previous mail on this thread)
- Visits are short and unrelated (the caches are not reused)
- RR reduces the throughput and the response time
- They may even blindly accept the Home Address option since the AAA takes place
at session level anyway using cookies and such.

How much of the global IP traffic does this represent today? What will mobile
devices do at least in the short term? We must provide a way for servers to
simply and politely decline RO. We may want to permit triangular routing. The
minimum we can do to ease IPv6 transition is at least to allow the current v4
applications to run in equivalent conditions.

It's a SHOULD.

Pascal

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Behcet Sarikaya
Sent: Thursday, July 18, 2002 4:26 PM
To: Michael Thomas
Cc: john.loughney@nokia.com; itojun@iijlab.net; vijayd@iprg.nokia.com;
keiichi@iij.ad.jp; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated

Michael,
  I do not understand why you are insisting on SHOULD? If IETF is not
against having such MUSTs as in this case, let's have it. How can a
revolutionary technology such as MIPv6 allow HA reverse tunneling like
MIPv4 does?
  Another benefit will be to mandate HAO in any new implementations.
Becasue of all these, I think that we should (or MUST) keep the MUST
there, what the heck?

Regards,

Michael Thomas wrote:

>john.loughney@nokia.com writes:
> > > Given that MIPv6 will interoperate without binding
> > > code in CN's, it looks pretty much like a SHOULD
> > > to me. Indeed, the protocol would not be robust if
> > > it didn't consider the case of a non-conformant CN.
> >
> > I think we want to ask is, is it the right thing to do?  For
> > proper protocol functioning, will this lead to the correct
> > behavior.  If we think it is important, the MUST is OK.  The
> > spec does contain a mechanism to support existing implementations
> > of IPv6, which means the protocol designers are doing their
> > jobs.
>
>   I think we're straying into a "good" as in
>   "good for the overall health of the Internet"
>   kind of good, rather than a "good" as in will
>   the protocol operate correctly. For the former,
>   I think you need to have extremely compelling
>   motivation, as well as a lot of evidence that
>   the health of the net will be imperiled if *all*
>   nodes don't implement a particular function, which
>   is what is at issue here.
>
>   Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence
>   that the net would be substantially harmed if RO
>   wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed,
>   I think  there's good reason to believe that many/most
>   nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel
>   implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be
>   a nice and useful optimization, but I really
>   don't see it as a "if we don't do this the net
>   will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems like it
>   strikes the right balance.
>
>              Mike
>

--
Behcet




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Date: Fri, 19 Jul 2002 00:08:03 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Pascal Thubert <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: Behcet Sarikaya <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>,
        Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
        itojun@iijlab.net, vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, keiichi@iij.ad.jp,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Pascal Thubert wrote:

> Face it: Many of today's large web servers will not want to maintain binding
> caches. Because:
> - They are clustered (see my previous mail on this thread)
> - Visits are short and unrelated (the caches are not reused)
> - RR reduces the throughput and the response time


The current spec allows CNs to decline a RO/RR request.
This is of course necessary, we couldn't mandate that they
have sufficient memory etc. in all cases to handle these
requests.


> - They may even blindly accept the Home Address option since the AAA takes place
> at session level anyway using cookies and such.


Most likely we can't do this. Earlier analysis indicated that unverified
home address option could lead to reflection attacks.


> How much of the global IP traffic does this represent today? What will mobile
> devices do at least in the short term? We must provide a way for servers to
> simply and politely decline RO. We may want to permit triangular routing. The
> minimum we can do to ease IPv6 transition is at least to allow the current v4
> applications to run in equivalent conditions.


Yes, and they can decline RO already now. Triangular routing will only be
allowed under a special condition (existing SA), which I think is probably
not compatible with your scenario of web servers.


> It's a SHOULD.

I'm not really arguing against that...

Jari



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 18 22:18:01 2002
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From: "Pascal Thubert" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
Date: Fri, 19 Jul 2002 11:16:47 +0200
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Hi Jari:

What I'm trying to get here:

1) SHOULD in 9.1. I support a requirement introduced in this thread. The
requirement is to legalize hosts that would not support MIP for valid reasons. I
provided examples where I think it's needed. I also believe there should be a
little rewording in section 9.1 to come with it.
2) Minimize the content of the SHOULD. I propose a slight change in the draft in
order to decline RO at RR test time in an architected fashion as opposed to side
effect of ICMP errors. At this point, the binding flow is not part of the SHOULD
anymore.

Since 9.4.6 should not occur, I suppose that an ICMP error would be fine in that
case. The problem is that the politically correct way to decline RO at the
moment seems to be binding Ack with code 130   Insufficient resources
(correct?), which requires support for BU. Since we are foreseeing the
overloading of the RR test as a capability negociation mechanism (e.g. C1),
could we not just architect something to negotiate Bind capabilities there
already?

The discussion about whether binding cache and Home Address option are
necessarily coupled is yet an other one, which is related to C1 and C2. I tried
to give an example where they could be separated by using piggy backing instead
of an SA, but that discussion is not needed right now. I started that to
decouple the RR test and the binding flow a little bit more.

Pascal

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of Jari Arkko
Sent: Thursday, July 18, 2002 11:08 PM
To: Pascal Thubert
Cc: Behcet Sarikaya; Michael Thomas; john.loughney@nokia.com; itojun@iijlab.net;
vijayd@iprg.nokia.com; keiichi@iij.ad.jp; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated

Pascal Thubert wrote:

> Face it: Many of today's large web servers will not want to maintain binding
> caches. Because:
> - They are clustered (see my previous mail on this thread)
> - Visits are short and unrelated (the caches are not reused)
> - RR reduces the throughput and the response time


The current spec allows CNs to decline a RO/RR request.
This is of course necessary, we couldn't mandate that they
have sufficient memory etc. in all cases to handle these
requests.


> - They may even blindly accept the Home Address option since the AAA takes
place
> at session level anyway using cookies and such.


Most likely we can't do this. Earlier analysis indicated that unverified
home address option could lead to reflection attacks.


> How much of the global IP traffic does this represent today? What will mobile
> devices do at least in the short term? We must provide a way for servers to
> simply and politely decline RO. We may want to permit triangular routing. The
> minimum we can do to ease IPv6 transition is at least to allow the current v4
> applications to run in equivalent conditions.


Yes, and they can decline RO already now. Triangular routing will only be
allowed under a special condition (existing SA), which I think is probably
not compatible with your scenario of web servers.


> It's a SHOULD.

I'm not really arguing against that...

Jari



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 18 22:59:07 2002
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Date: Fri, 19 Jul 2002 11:21:56 +0900
From: Brett Pentland <Brett.Pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Clarification sought on role of MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Hi folks,

I was just wondering if anyone can confirm that the protocol 
constant "MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS" defined in RFC2461 as 3 seconds only 
relates to multicast RAs sent in response to an RS and thus is 
unrelated to the configuration variable "MinRtrAdvInterval" for 
unsolicited multicast RAs which is redefined in the Mobile IPv6 I-D.

Thanks,
Brett.





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Date: Fri, 19 Jul 2002 12:37:45 +0800
From: zhang zhishou <zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
Subject: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update
To: Mobileip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Hi, folks:

I am newbie in Mobile IP and IPsec. Please forgive me for my stupid
questions.

Why is IPsec not used for binding updates between MN and CN?
If this is topic that was already discussed and clarified, please give me
some reference, so that I could catch up with it.

thanks in advance !!

zzs



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 19 00:57:28 2002
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To: zhang zhishou <zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
Cc: Mobileip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update
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zhang zhishou wrote:
> Hi, folks:
> 
> I am newbie in Mobile IP and IPsec. Please forgive me for my stupid
> questions.
> 
> Why is IPsec not used for binding updates between MN and CN?
> If this is topic that was already discussed and clarified, please give me
> some reference, so that I could catch up with it.

Short answer:  Problems with scalability in key management.

Longer answer:  How do you arrange a pair of SAs between two
arbitrary nodes that may not have anything to do with each other?
Well, you could have a global PKI, but such thing does not exist
today, and even if it did, you would need to make sure that the
PKI carries the right kind of *authorization* information, in
addition to public keys for authentication.

Still longer answer:  There are lots of related text, but I don't
know if there is anything that just discusses your question and
nothing else.  There is something in the earlier texts, e.g.

- Pekka Nikander,  An Address Ownership Problem in IPv6,
   work in progress, Internet-Draft (expired), February 2001.
   http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/draft-nikander-ipng-address-ownership-00.txt

- Michael Roe, Greg O'Shea, "Child-proof Authentication for Mobile IPv6,"
   CCR, April 2001, http://www.research.microsoft.com/~mroe/ccr2001.pdf

--Pekka Nikander



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Pascal,

> Face it: Many of today's large web servers will not want to 
> maintain binding caches. 

We are not talking about forcing deployments to use RO, but
to have to code to support it & have code to support the
HAO.  

Think of it this way, this might always be a premium service
a web service could provide. If their OS has the code, they
could selectively support RO to premium clients.  

John



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: zhang zhishou <zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
cc: Mobileip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 19 Jul 2002 12:37:45 +0800.
             <NEBBLCHIALACIIFMDAIIEEDKCAAA.zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg> 
Date: Fri, 19 Jul 2002 10:36:59 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Why is IPsec not used for binding updates between MN and CN?

=> it may be used but it is not (more) the default solution
because it needs a proper authorization and some kind of global PKI.
 I have a ton of mails about this in my laptop but I am
currently in the Narita Express (http://www.nex.v6pc.jp/)
so it is a bit hard to send them...
 When you'll know well please read my draft about IPsec and Mobile iPv6:
draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

Ps I've seen an answer from Pekka, so you should already have
an idea about the authorization issue.


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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
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Thread-Topic: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
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From: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@tahoenetworks.com>
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=20
> >=20
> >>* IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the HAO as a mandatory
> >>   feature for all IPv6 nodes. Arguments have been made,
> >>   however, that the processing of the HAO has been changed
> >>   and the situation may now be different.
> >>
> >=20
> > In addition, the current draft requires not only HAO but=20
> also BE. This=20
> > means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new extention header=20
> (mobility=20
> > header).
>=20
>=20
> Correct.
>=20
If you read section 9.4.6, "Sending Binding Errors", yes it is
correct. But reading section 6.3 "Home Address option", it says
that if a node does not understand this option, it should return
ICMP parameter problem. Are these in conflict ?

thanks
mohan

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;* IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the =
HAO as a mandatory</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; feature for all IPv6 nodes. =
Arguments have been made,</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; however, that the =
processing of the HAO has been changed</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; and the situation may now =
be different.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&gt;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; In addition, the current draft requires not =
only HAO but </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; also BE. This </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new =
extention header </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; (mobility </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; header).</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Correct.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>If you read section 9.4.6, &quot;Sending Binding =
Errors&quot;, yes it is</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>correct. But reading section 6.3 &quot;Home Address =
option&quot;, it says</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>that if a node does not understand this option, it =
should return</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>ICMP parameter problem. Are these in conflict =
?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>thanks</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>mohan</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 20 05:53:54 2002
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From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: "'carlw@docomolabs-usa.com'" <carlw@docomolabs-usa.com>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] LMM draft comments
Date: Sat, 20 Jul 2002 05:52:55 -0400
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Hi Carl,

Here is some input into the LMM requirements draft.

An additional requirement into LMM is the ability to aggregate as well as
localise hand-off for multiple HoAs. A MN that has more than one HoA
presently has to update multiple global HAs in parallel on each hand-off
because traditional MIP signalling is HoA specific. If LMM only addresses
localisation then each local hand-off will still need to be replicated.
Multiple HoAs is a requirement in 3G and non-MIP mechanisms are presently
used for LMM in 3G to enable a MN to hand-off all its concurrent sessions at
once (RNC relocation etc). LMM needs to reproduce this capability so that
the MN can use LMM aggregate signalling to avoid sending multiple parallel
hand-off signals. 

One obvious use for two HoAs is that one is used for global remote access
(inter-domain mobility) and one for local access (intra-domain mobility).
This enables a foreign operator to sell optimised Internet access via LMM
whilst in addition scalably supporting a users corporate access. I would
therefore also further suggest an additional requirement should be that LMM
mechanisms be able to support both local and remote services. As both local
and remote services are on the MN and both use MIP, not considering or
including this capability in the requirements is I think a hole.

Additional motivation for LMM is that of operator decoupling. If a MN is in
a foreign domain then the hand-off performance in that foreign domain should
not / must not be dependent on the availability and dimensioning of links
and nodes, including the global HA, in a different domain. LMM serves to
ensure that the foreign domain is solely in a position to decide the
performance of the hand-off. This is particularly important as HAs become
increasingly deployed into  SMEs and home networks, potentially over
on-demand links.

Introduction
Bottom page 2 it states that binding updates during RO are issued by the MN
which is an MIPv6 specific comment. In MIPv4 they are issued by the HA. I
would instead generalise this statement to simply say an authorized MIP node
issues the BU..

Terminology - wrt Nested MIP
 I am a little concerned about the use of the term 'coverage area' which may
easily be confused with L2 wireless use of 'coverage area'. The Local
Coverage Area is called a Region in Nested MIP (local mobility region - the
region of local mobility) and the specific Local Mobility Agents are a local
HA (also known as the Regional Mobility Agent) and the access routers (FA in
v4). The term global HA is used therefore to distinguish it from the local
HA. I am however happy to accept the terminology in LMM for the purposes of
the LMM draft, but the particular terminology in Nested MIP is I feel better
suited to the centralised topology in that solution. I hope that that is ok
with you. You may however wish to update the LMM terminology in the light of
these comments.

3.4.3 "The LMM framework MUST NOT create single points of failure in the
network.  The current access router would be excluded from this
requirement."

The global and local HAs assigned to this MN must also be excluded from this
requirement. However, a better to way to describe the requirement might be
to simply state that the solution must have minimal, preferably zero impact
on the availability of the MN / global HA / CN traffic and signalling.

NEW  3.4.9 The LMM framework must ensure that the LMAs can be placed so as
to avoid locations that are bandwdith constrained or costly, and which
minimise signalling and packet redirection over such links. Such a
requirement is critical given the topologies in cellular systems whereby
basestations are typically connected to the core network over expensive
links.

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From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast
Date: Sat, 20 Jul 2002 05:52:53 -0400
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Thanks Eric,

The mist is clearing...

-----Original Message-----
From: Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@sun.com]
Sent: 17 July 2002 20:09
To: Alan O'Neill
Cc: 'Erik Nordmark'; 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast



> However, it is not clear at the moment whether foreign network multicast
> should ultimately use the the CoA or the HoA as the source address, so we
> should do that work before giving the MN the option of origination into
the
> foreign system because of forwards compatibility.

The current archiecture requires that the CoA is used as a source when
sending multicast packets on the foreign link and the HoA when reverse
tunneling them through the HA. An example of this architecture is
this statement in draft-ietf-ipv6-default-addr-select:
   For multicast and link-local destination addresses, the set of 
   candidate source addresses MUST only include addresses assigned to 
   interfaces belonging to the same link as the outgoing interface. 

(And, as an aside, the precense of ingress filtering routers
apply the same restriction to unicast packets from mobile nodes
that are away from home).

AWO> Sure - I fully appreciate that the present barriers to using the HoA as
a foreign multicast source address are significant and hence why I am not
suggesting adding that to the spec. These barriers additionally include the
RPF check of course. Note though that hybrid multicast does not break either
requirement, but again I also have some concerns with adding that to the
spec. My only concern is whether the use of the CoA in MIPv6 should be
allowed in the base spec given the thrashing risk which you comment on
below. The current architecture of IPv6 allows the CoA address and is fine
because their is no mobility. My concern is limited to MIPv6 which has its
own additional architecture given that mobility, and I believe the draft 18
architecture has problems that are of concern. IPv6 also has a routing
header but in the case of mobility a special type header was needed
instead..mobility changes things.. So all I am requesting here is that draft
18 be amended if there is a problem, and as has happened before, IPv6
architecture should not just be accepted within MIPv6 without consideration
of new mobility specific problems...In addition, IPv6 architecture will
change as we learn more..I should also mention that given this issue also
exists for MIPv4, there is less of an 'architectural' barrier there because
the MN is not prohibited in IPv4 from using the HoA as a source address on a
foreign link.

Perhaps there are possible future architectures that do not have
these constraints, and perhaps it makes sense exploring them to
provide different performance for multicast for MNs. But I suspect
this would result in added total complexity to the system.
The point is that the draft is about the current architecture.

AWO> And I certainly do not want to add additional complexity unless it is
necessary..But I would rather have some additional complexity than a useless
or unstable feature, in the same way that RR complexity had to be added to
RO for different but important reasons.

> I don't understand how a potential thrashing problem can be allowed to
> progress through the base spec. Maybe you don't believe this exists, or is
> that you believe we can trust vendors and operators to do the right thing
?

I don't understand why mobility creates a unique problem here. 
IP traffic is known to be bursty, thus the multicast routing system needs 
to be able to deal with bursty sources on widely varying time scales.
A mobile node moving around and using the CoA as the source just looks
like multiple (bursty) sources that are not moving.

AWO> Ok - so lets concentrate on this point, so that the wg can agree if
there is, or is not, a problem. We can then come back to discuss / address
the barriers wrt solving it. I have a couple of other jobs I have to get
done first (other MIPwg stuff) and then I'll send some e-mails explaining
where this is similar yet very different from the bursty source problem in
conjunction with different multicast protocols. I'll also copy in some
multicast experts so we can ensure we isolate the correct issues and get
best advice on progression. I hope that is ok.

> Clarifying this would help...Maybe this could alternatively be addressed
> with some applicability words that specifically does not rule out hybrid
or
> otheruses of the HoA as a foreign multicast source address ?

Using the HoA as source on the visited link doesn't work due to RPF checks 
in the current archiecture as you already pointed out.

AWO> Absolutely..no disagreement here. The hybrid approach might though give
us a working feature..and if none of these work then we have to either
restrict the base spec, add applicability stuff and/or fix the
architecture(s)..

Regards, Alan.

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 20 09:50:33 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] minor comments on draft 18
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Hi,
   I am also wondering how can the MN know the amount of traffic with CN
justifies the use of route optimization or not. In my opinion, once a MN
receives a Binding Refresh Request it SHOULD start a RR procedure. If that,
is it proper?
  Regards

Haofeng


----- Original Message -----
From: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Monday, July 15, 2002 11:43 AM
Subject: [mobile-ip] minor comments on draft 18


> 1)
> Section 6.1.2
> >    When a mobile node receives a
> >    packet containing a Binding Refresh Request message and there
> >    already exists a Binding Update List entry for the source of the
> >    Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability procedure
> >    (see Section 5.2) if it believes the amount of traffic with the
> >    correspondent justifies the use of route optimization.




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To: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
In-reply-to: charliep's message of Wed, 17 Jul 2002 17:35:15 MST.
      <3D360D42.A934AA34@iprg.nokia.com> 
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Sun, 21 Jul 2002 07:41:37 +0900
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>The home address option is the same in format as the
>previous version.  The additional requirement now is
>only that now it's required to be secured somehow.

	no it is not.  also option type # got changed
	draft 04-06: type, length and an IPv6 address, type # = "196???"
	draft 07: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions,
		type # = "196???"
	draft 08-16: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions, type # = 201
	draft 17-18: type, length and an IPv6 address, type # = 201

	note that existence/non-existence of suboption will affect validation
	of incoming messages.

	no wonder vendors ship without HAO support, it is impossible to
	support something that changes this often.  as for *BSD/KAME, it is
	decided that we won't merge anything related to mobile-ip6 into main
	*BSD distribution until mobile-ip6 becomes RFC (so it won't show up
	onto ExtremeWare, JunOS, MacOS X, ...).
	if i remember correctly WinXP is shipping with HAO support, i'm not
	sure which draft it is based.

itojun


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: jari.arkko@piuha.net
cc: ipsec@lists.tislabs.com,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: IPsec and Mobile IPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 17 Jul 2002 08:53:48 +0300.
             <3D35066C.4060900@piuha.net> 
Date: Sun, 21 Jul 2002 17:35:19 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I've revisited your classification:

       1A) [Already in IPsec specs]
           C1, C2, G, H, I, J, L1, L2, M, Q, R

       1B) [Already in Mobile IPv6 specs]
           A, E1, E2, E3, O

       2) [Fixes for Mobile IPv6]
          N, P

       3) [Fixes for IPsec in a Mobile IPv6 context]
          none

       4) [IPsec improvements for Mobile IPv6]
          B, F, K

       5) [Architectural long-term recommendations]
          Appendix B

       6) [Other stuffs]
          D, Appendix D

   Is there anything in the MIPv6 documents that you'd like to clarify
   in class 1?
   
=> I believe we should make the mobile VPN a subset of Mobile IPv6.
Mostly we have to relax the usage of tunnels between a CN and a MN,
in current specifications we have for the CN:
 - if the packet is not genuine (i.e., is forwarded):
   * nothing if the CN is not the HA
   * tunneling if the CN is the HA
 - lookup in the binding cache per CN address
   * nothing is no entry found, fallback to the previous case on the HA
   * routing header if a valid entry is found.
On a mobile VPN CNs have no BC and the SG takes the role of the HA but
it puts all packets in the tunnel, so I propose to relax the Mobile IPv6
rules in two ways:
 - tunneling may replace the routing header (this is useful for the
   mobile to mobile case too)
 - the only mandatory usage of a routing header is for signaling
   (i.e., for genuine packets with a mobile header).
For the MN, the obvious thing is to authorize tunneling in place of
the HAO for non-signaling traffic.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
References: <20020720224137.AEEC64B22@coconut.itojun.org>
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Hello Itojun,

Your argument is not very convincing:

itojun@iijlab.net wrote:

> >The home address option is the same in format as the
> >previous version.  The additional requirement now is
> >only that now it's required to be secured somehow.
>
>         no it is not.  also option type # got changed
>         draft 04-06: type, length and an IPv6 address, type # = "196???"
>         draft 07: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions,
>                 type # = "196???"

These drafts are many years old.  I reckon the base IPv6 specifications
have a number of features that have changed more than the HAO
option has changes since these very old drafts.

>
>         draft 08-16: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions, type # = 201
>         draft 17-18: type, length and an IPv6 address, type # = 201

There is no difference.  There were no valid suboptions defined for
earlier drafts, even though the field was shown as possibly there
for future suboptions.  In the drafts after 16, a reasonable implementation
should still allow for future suboptions that don't exist yet.

>         no wonder vendors ship without HAO support, it is impossible to
>         support something that changes this often.  as for *BSD/KAME, it is
>         decided that we won't merge anything related to mobile-ip6 into main
>         *BSD distribution until mobile-ip6 becomes RFC (so it won't show up
>         onto ExtremeWare, JunOS, MacOS X, ...).
>         if i remember correctly WinXP is shipping with HAO support, i'm not
>         sure which draft it is based.

I hope things change after we have Proposed Standard and a number
of interoperable implementations.  I regret that your experience has
caused discomfort.  However, it is the nature of IETF Internet Drafts
that they often change.  Even Proposed Standards change.  In fact,
if I remember right, there is even now some movement towards
changing the Draft Standard about site local addresses.

Regards,
Charlie P.




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Mon, 22 Jul 2002 06:28:11 +0900
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>> draft 08-16: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions, type # = 201
>> draft 17-18: type, length and an IPv6 address, type # = 201
>There is no difference.  There were no valid suboptions defined for
>earlier drafts, even though the field was shown as possibly there
>for future suboptions.  In the drafts after 16, a reasonable implementation
>should still allow for future suboptions that don't exist yet.

	i don't think draft 17/18 implementation will allow suboptions.
	see the 17/18 languge about HAO option length.  if we follow this,
	there's no chance we will see suboptions.
	you have to take a security stance.  having loose inbound packet
	validation == more chances for security vulnerabilities.
	draft 17/18 implementations that allow option length != 16 are buggy.

>      Option Type
>
>         201 = 0xC9
>
>      Option Length
>
>         8-bit unsigned integer.  Length of the option, in octets,
>         excluding the Option Type and Option Length fields.  This field
>         MUST be set to 16.

>> no wonder vendors ship without HAO support, it is impossible to
>> support something that changes this often.  as for *BSD/KAME, it is
>> decided that we won't merge anything related to mobile-ip6 into main
>> *BSD distribution until mobile-ip6 becomes RFC (so it won't show up
>> onto ExtremeWare, JunOS, MacOS X, ...).
>> if i remember correctly WinXP is shipping with HAO support, i'm not
>> sure which draft it is based.
>I hope things change after we have Proposed Standard and a number
>of interoperable implementations.  I regret that your experience has
>caused discomfort.  However, it is the nature of IETF Internet Drafts
>that they often change.  Even Proposed Standards change.  In fact,
>if I remember right, there is even now some movement towards
>changing the Draft Standard about site local addresses.

	when moving from PS to DS, they *remove* functionality.  they usually
	don't mandate new things.  your example above does not convince me.

	i'm very concerned about the use of MUST for HAO since mobile-ip6 draft
	18 is trying to mandate new thing to all IPv6 (RFC2460) implementations.
	SHOULD for HAO is okay for me, but MUST for HAO is unacceptable at
	this stage of RFC2460-based IPv6 deployment.

itojun


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To: Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu>
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        Keiichi SHIMA / =?ISO-8859-1?Q?=3F=3F=3F?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Keith Moore wrote:


> the purpose of a standard is to describe what is necessary for interoperability
> and proper functioning of the protocol, not to legitimize existing 
> implementations.  so the installed base shouldn't dictate whether a feature
> is a MUST in a new version of a standard unless interoperability with the 
> installed base is important (it generally is) and imposing the MUST condition 
> on implementations that conform with the new version of the standard affects 
> interoperability with the installed base.

Agree with all of the above.

In this case, there are no interoperability problems. Since draft N-2
Mobile IPv6 has been able to work with IPv6 nodes that have *no* MIPv6
specific code.

Again, this is separate from what the IETF may mandate for IPv6 nodes
to support. To take a clearly unreasonable example, we could mandate
every node to support a 1,000,000 entry bindind cache. Even with
such a mandate a node conforming to this requirement would work
with a node that has never heard of MIPv6. So, interoperability and
must-implement are different in this particular case. I think that's
good because we can then decide more freely what to require from
all implementations.

Jari



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A few issues have become mingled here.

1) Keiichi and others have raised the issue of MUST support for HAO
and BE processing and have proposed a solution that allows communication
to happen between any two nodes with clarification in the MIP spec of
properly handling the ICMP errors returned.

2) There is a question about RO support requirements for all nodes.
Actually the current spec doesn't give a recommendation for support of
RO.  If a node is supporting it, there are a bunch of MUSTs.

We should make sure we agree as a working group on our consensus on these
two issues.  Perhaps we can sort this out on the MIP list first?


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Francis Dupont [mailto:Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 8:57 PM
> To: Vijay Devarapalli
> Cc: itojun@iijlab.net; keiichi@iij.ad.jp; 
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
> ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
> 
> 
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    > >it is. if a CN does not support HAO, it will send an 
> ICMP error message
>    > >pointing to the offending octet. when the MN receives 
> this message, it
>    > >starts reverse-tunneling through the Home Agent. where 
> is the problem?
>    > >if this is not clearly specified in the MIPv6 draft, it 
> can be. the
>    > >binding error functionality can also be substituted by 
> an ICMP error.
>    > >Binding Error was specified so that it is easier for 
> the MN to figure
>    > >out whats going on.
>    > 
>    >         then I see no reason for the MUST.
>    
>    I was discounting the reason (the already IPv6 installed base) you 
>    gave. the MUST is for newer IPv6 CN implementations. as I told you 
>    already, it makes the MN's life easier. but the current spec does 
>    ensure that a MN can still have a session with an old IPv6 
>    implementation (which does not implement HAO) through reverse 
>    tunneling. so again, where is the problem? why are you against the 
>    MUST?
>    
> => MUSTs are for interoperability problems, not for political matters.
> So Itojun is right and the fact that old IPv6 nodes still work with
> MNs proves the requirement should not be higher than SHOULD.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
> PS: sorry but if someone is asking whether the RR/RO support should be
> mandatory I'll vote against it. And I can't see how the iETF will
> enforce it if I am being in the minority...
> (the topics has just been added to the ipv6 WG session agenda)
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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        itojun@iijlab.net, keiichi@iij.ad.jp, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Michael Thomas wrote:


>    I guess the long and short of this is that I'm
>    somewhat skeptical of putting general node
>    requirements in the MIP draft since it's
>    probably not the first place one would be
>    looking to figure out if they were an IPv6
>    compliant node. If it's really, really vital
>    for the health of the net, yadda, yadda, it
>    would be better to put it in a general v6 node
>    requirements RFC, don't you think?


That _is_ actually the intention. We tried to formulate
section 8.2. (RO requirements) in the MIPv6 draft so that
it describes what you have to do to support RO, but not
when you have to support it. And we are expecting the node
requirements document to say MAY/SHOULD/MUST for the RO
feature. I think that's the right place to make the
determination. Ok?

Jari






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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
From: Keiichi SHIMA / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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Let me add one thing.

From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>

> * IPv6 WG has in the past accepted the HAO as a mandatory
>    feature for all IPv6 nodes. Arguments have been made,
>    however, that the processing of the HAO has been changed
>    and the situation may now be different.

In addition, the current draft requires not only HAO but also BE.
This means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new extention header
(mobility header).

I never say that such a mechanism is bad at all.  It is good of
course.  But from the view of the fast deployment of both IPv6 and
Mobile IPv6, I personally think it better not to require additional
requirements...  This is not the view of the protocol designer,
though.

I'm probablly a bad designer and a bad scientist.  I just want a real
IPv6 and a Mobile IPv6...

Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Mon, 22 Jul 2002 10:45:36 -0500
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Hello Itojun,

>	i'm very concerned about the use of MUST for HAO since
>	mobile-ip6 draft 18 is trying to mandate new thing to all IPv6
>	(RFC2460) implementations. 
>	SHOULD for HAO is okay for me, but MUST for HAO is unacceptable at
>	this stage of RFC2460-based IPv6 deployment.

If the intent is to support mobility in IPv6 networks as an integral
aspect of the protocol, I believe the HAO processing is a MUST. I
believe the Mobile IP WG is of this opinion. If the IESG and the IPv6
WGs disagree with this opinion when the Mobile IPv6 spec goes to IETF
last call we can deal with it. But for now I am in favor of keeping
the MUST for the HAO processing for all IPv6 nodes.

I am of the opinion that the scale of IPv6 deployment today is still
in its infancy and the impacts associated with mandating the HAO
processing on all IPv6 nodes is far less than maybe two years from
now.

>
>itojun
>

-Basavaraj




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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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To: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
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        <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com writes:
 > If the intent is to support mobility in IPv6 networks as an integral
 > aspect of the protocol, I believe the HAO processing is a MUST. I
 > believe the Mobile IP WG is of this opinion.

   That sure hasn't been my read of the consensus.
   In fact, the consensus seems to be exactly
   opposite.

		Mike


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From: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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>Michael Thomas wrote:=20
>>    Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence=20
>>    that the net would be substantially harmed if RO=20
>>    wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed,=20
>>    I think  there's good reason to believe that many/most=20
>>    nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel=20
>>    implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be=20
>>    a nice and useful optimization, but I really=20
>>    don't see it as a "if we don't do this the net=20
>>    will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems like it=20
>>    strikes the right balance.=20
>>=20
>>              Mike=20
>>=20
>
>I could not agree more with this point. RO would be a required=20
>functionality a number of years back, when the net was in it's=20
>infancy and bandwidth availability in the backbone networks=20
>(even transoceanic links) were severely limited.=20
>We are in the age of OC-192/768s over DWDM. The delay that an IP=20
>packet incurs in the core is almost negligible.=20
>If bottleneck in the HA is the primary driver for RO, then it is=20
>possible to solve the problem with load balancing with DHAAD.=20
>
>My two cents.=20
=20
RO gives you the capability of having two end-points connected without
having to rely on intermediate nodes such as the HA being
involved. The HA is not the bottleneck. One of the benefits of RO is
lesser traffic in the backbone and to a certain degree reduced
latency. But these are some of the lesser motivations.=20
=20
Having a mobile anchored at some point in the network (HA) when it is
non-essential is just not the right approach. Mandating HAO processing
in all IPv6 nodes is the only way to accomplish this and reverse
tunnelling or having a node anchored at the HA is an option only for
backward compatibility to the nodes that already deployed (which is a
pretty small percentage of IP nodes).
=20
>
>Regards,=20
>Kuntal=20
>
=20
-Basavaraj


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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be =
mandated</TITLE>

<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4611.1300" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>
<DIV><BR>&gt;Michael Thomas wrote: <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Frankly, I=20
don't think that there is any evidence <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
that the=20
net would be substantially harmed if RO <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
wasn't=20
widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed, =
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I=20
think&nbsp; there's good reason to believe that many/most=20
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nodes will not enable RO even if their =
kernel=20
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; implements it. In some cases, it's likely =
to be=20
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a nice and useful optimization, but I =
really=20
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; don't see it as a "if we don't do this =
the net=20
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems =
like it=20
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; strikes the right balance. <BR>&gt;&gt;=20
<BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
Mike <BR>&gt;&gt; <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;I could not agree more with this =
point. RO=20
would be a required <BR>&gt;functionality a number of years back, when =
the net=20
was in it's <BR>&gt;infancy and bandwidth availability in the backbone =
networks=20
<BR>&gt;(even transoceanic links) were severely limited. <BR>&gt;We are =
in the=20
age of OC-192/768s over DWDM. The delay that an IP <BR>&gt;packet incurs =
in the=20
core is almost negligible. <BR>&gt;If bottleneck in the HA is the =
primary driver=20
for RO, then it is <BR>&gt;possible to solve the problem with load =
balancing=20
with DHAAD. <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;My two cents. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>RO gives you the capability of having two end-points connected=20
without<BR>having to rely on intermediate nodes such as the HA=20
being<BR>involved. The HA is not the bottleneck. One of the benefits of =
RO=20
is<BR>lesser traffic in the backbone and to a certain degree =
reduced<BR>latency.=20
But these are some of the lesser motivations. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Having a mobile anchored at some point in the network (HA) when it=20
is<BR>non-essential is just not the right approach. Mandating HAO=20
processing<BR>in all IPv6 nodes is the only way to accomplish this and=20
reverse<BR>tunnelling or having a node anchored at the HA is an option =
only=20
for<BR>backward compatibility to the nodes that already deployed (which =
is=20
a<BR>pretty small percentage of IP nodes).</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;<BR>&gt;Regards, <BR>&gt;Kuntal <BR>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>-Basavaraj<BR></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Jul 22 13:34:31 2002
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From: Michael Sessinghaus <sessinghaus@web.de>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] possible movement scenarios with mobile ip
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Hello
I am occupied with movement scenarios, which could be applicable for mobile IP. 
Do you know any references, which examined or concidered mobile ip scenarios? 
Please help me.

Thanks and regards, Michael. 

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From: "Kuntal Chowdhury" <chowdury@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com, mat@cisco.com, john.loughney@nokia.com
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net, vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, keiichi@iij.ad.jp,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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Here are two of the reasons why I think RO will be undesirable:
 
1. It allows the users to entirely bypass the home IP provider's network.
This will keep the home IP network providers out of added revenue streams.
The situation will be even worse when the AAA clients for accounting are in
the home IP network which will not be in the data path due to RO.
 
2. Imposes unnecessary processing requirement on ALL IPv6 devices to support
this non-mandatory functionality.
 
Here is a reason why I think RO will be meaningless:
 
The core of the internet is managed by large carriers. These carriers use
(or will be using) Constrained Based Routing (OSPF-TE) instead of plain
OSPF. The main purpose is traffic engineering. Therefore the path between
the CN and the MN may not always be the shortest one even with RO. It
entirely depends on the traffic engineering of the intervening networks. As
an example:
If the CN is in Chicago, MN is in Dallas and the HA is in Miami, if the
shortest route between Chicago and Dallas has less weight (not preferred by
OSPF-TE) then all the IP packets between CN and the MN will be routed via an
alternative path which may well be via Miami. Therefore RO will be a waste
of time and resource.
 
 
Regards,
Kuntal
 

>Michael Thomas wrote: 
>>    Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence 
>>    that the net would be substantially harmed if RO 
>>    wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. Indeed, 
>>    I think  there's good reason to believe that many/most 
>>    nodes will not enable RO even if their kernel 
>>    implements it. In some cases, it's likely to be 
>>    a nice and useful optimization, but I really 
>>    don't see it as a "if we don't do this the net 
>>    will fall apart". As such, SHOULD seems like it 
>>    strikes the right balance. 
>> 
>>              Mike 
>> 
>
>I could not agree more with this point. RO would be a required 
>functionality a number of years back, when the net was in it's 
>infancy and bandwidth availability in the backbone networks 
>(even transoceanic links) were severely limited. 
>We are in the age of OC-192/768s over DWDM. The delay that an IP 
>packet incurs in the core is almost negligible. 
>If bottleneck in the HA is the primary driver for RO, then it is 
>possible to solve the problem with load balancing with DHAAD. 
>
>My two cents. 
 
RO gives you the capability of having two end-points connected without
having to rely on intermediate nodes such as the HA being
involved. The HA is not the bottleneck. One of the benefits of RO is
lesser traffic in the backbone and to a certain degree reduced
latency. But these are some of the lesser motivations. 
 
Having a mobile anchored at some point in the network (HA) when it is
non-essential is just not the right approach. Mandating HAO processing
in all IPv6 nodes is the only way to accomplish this and reverse
tunnelling or having a node anchored at the HA is an option only for
backward compatibility to the nodes that already deployed (which is a
pretty small percentage of IP nodes).
 
>
>Regards, 
>Kuntal 
>
 
-Basavaraj



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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated</TITLE>

<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2713.1100" name=GENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=233064817-22072002>Here&nbsp;are two of 
the reasons why I think RO will be undesirable:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=233064817-22072002>1. It allows the 
users to entirely bypass the home IP provider's network. This will keep the home 
IP network providers out of added revenue streams. The situation will be even 
worse when the AAA clients for accounting are in the home IP network which will 
not be in the data path due to RO.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=233064817-22072002>2. Imposes 
unnecessary processing requirement on ALL IPv6 devices to support&nbsp;this 
non-mandatory functionality.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=233064817-22072002>Here is 
a&nbsp;reason why I think RO will be meaningless:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=233064817-22072002>The core of the 
internet is managed by large carriers. These carriers use (or will be 
using)&nbsp;Constrained Based Routing (OSPF-TE) instead of plain OSPF. The 
main&nbsp;purpose is traffic engineering. Therefore the path between the CN and 
the MN may not always be the shortest one even with RO. It entirely depends on 
the traffic engineering of the intervening networks. As an 
example:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=233064817-22072002>If the CN is in 
Chicago, MN is in Dallas and the HA is in Miami, if the shortest route between 
Chicago and Dallas has less weight (not preferred by OSPF-TE) then all the IP 
packets between CN and the MN will be routed via an alternative path which may 
well be via Miami. Therefore RO will be a waste of time and 
resource.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002>Regards,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002>Kuntal</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial 
  color=#0000ff size=2>&gt;Michael Thomas wrote: <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
  Frankly, I don't think that there is any evidence 
  <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; that the net would be substantially harmed if 
  RO <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wasn't widely implemented and/or enabled. 
  Indeed, <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I think&nbsp; there's good reason to 
  believe that many/most <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nodes will not enable RO 
  even if their kernel <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; implements it. In some 
  cases, it's likely to be <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a nice and useful 
  optimization, but I really <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; don't see it as a 
  "if we don't do this the net <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; will fall apart". 
  As such, SHOULD seems like it <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; strikes the right 
  balance. <BR>&gt;&gt; 
  <BR>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
  Mike <BR>&gt;&gt; <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;I could not agree more with this point. RO 
  would be a required <BR>&gt;functionality a number of years back, when the net 
  was in it's <BR>&gt;infancy and bandwidth availability in the backbone 
  networks <BR>&gt;(even transoceanic links) were severely limited. <BR>&gt;We 
  are in the age of OC-192/768s over DWDM. The delay that an IP <BR>&gt;packet 
  incurs in the core is almost negligible. <BR>&gt;If bottleneck in the HA is 
  the primary driver for RO, then it is <BR>&gt;possible to solve the problem 
  with load balancing with DHAAD. <BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;My two cents. </DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>RO gives you the capability of having two end-points connected 
  without<BR>having to rely on intermediate nodes such as the HA 
  being<BR>involved. The HA is not the bottleneck. One of the benefits of RO 
  is<BR>lesser traffic in the backbone and to a certain degree 
  reduced<BR>latency. But these are some of the lesser motivations. </DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>Having a mobile anchored at some point in the network (HA) when it 
  is<BR>non-essential is just not the right approach. Mandating HAO 
  processing<BR>in all IPv6 nodes is the only way to accomplish this and 
  reverse<BR>tunnelling or having a node anchored at the HA is an option only 
  for<BR>backward compatibility to the nodes that already deployed (which is 
  a<BR>pretty small percentage of IP nodes).</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>&gt;<BR>&gt;Regards, <BR>&gt;Kuntal <BR>&gt;</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>-Basavaraj<BR></FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Kuntal Chowdhury <chowdury@nortelnetworks.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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Trimmed up the Cc: list a bit.  I think this is getting way off topic
though..

On Mon, 22 Jul 2002, Kuntal Chowdhury wrote:

> Here are two of the reasons why I think RO will be undesirable:
>  
> 1. It allows the users to entirely bypass the home IP provider's network.
> This will keep the home IP network providers out of added revenue streams.
> The situation will be even worse when the AAA clients for accounting are in
> the home IP network which will not be in the data path due to RO.

The data does not go to the home IP provider's network so there is 
absolutely zero reason be able to gain revenue from that.  
  
> 2. Imposes unnecessary processing requirement on ALL IPv6 devices to support
> this non-mandatory functionality.

My personal opinion is a SHOULD, but I think 'unnecessary' is a bit harsh.
  
> Here is a reason why I think RO will be meaningless:
>  
> The core of the internet is managed by large carriers. These carriers use
> (or will be using) Constrained Based Routing (OSPF-TE) instead of plain
> OSPF. 

In which world?

> The main purpose is traffic engineering. Therefore the path between
> the CN and the MN may not always be the shortest one even with RO. It
> entirely depends on the traffic engineering of the intervening networks. As
> an example:
> If the CN is in Chicago, MN is in Dallas and the HA is in Miami, if the
> shortest route between Chicago and Dallas has less weight (not preferred by
> OSPF-TE) then all the IP packets between CN and the MN will be routed via an
> alternative path which may well be via Miami. Therefore RO will be a waste
> of time and resource.

If TE is used to route the traffic via such slow paths the difference is 
noticeable (at least, without measurement tools), the network is designed 
and operated badly, period.  Nobody would want to pay for that kind of 
service.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords




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From: "Kuntal Chowdhury" <chowdury@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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> > Here are two of the reasons why I think RO will be undesirable:
> >  
> > 1. It allows the users to entirely bypass the home IP provider's
network.
> > This will keep the home IP network providers out of added revenue
streams.
> > The situation will be even worse when the AAA clients for accounting are
in
> > the home IP network which will not be in the data path due to RO.
> 
> The data does not go to the home IP provider's network so there is 
> absolutely zero reason be able to gain revenue from that.  

I don't think I understood your point. Are you agreeing with me or
disagreeing?

>   
> > 2. Imposes unnecessary processing requirement on ALL IPv6 
> devices to support
> > this non-mandatory functionality.
> 
> My personal opinion is a SHOULD, but I think 'unnecessary' is 
> a bit harsh.
>   

No comment.

> > Here is a reason why I think RO will be meaningless:
> >  
> > The core of the internet is managed by large carriers. 
> These carriers use
> > (or will be using) Constrained Based Routing (OSPF-TE) 
> instead of plain
> > OSPF. 
> 
> In which world?
> 

Not sure which world it will be :o), but here are some links on TE:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-katz-yeung-ospf-traffic-06.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-srisuresh-ospf-te-02.txt
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3272.txt
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3209.txt
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3212.txt


> > The main purpose is traffic engineering. Therefore the path between
> > the CN and the MN may not always be the shortest one even with RO. It
> > entirely depends on the traffic engineering of the intervening networks.
As
> > an example:
> > If the CN is in Chicago, MN is in Dallas and the HA is in Miami, if the
> > shortest route between Chicago and Dallas has less weight (not preferred
by
> > OSPF-TE) then all the IP packets between CN and the MN will be routed
via an
> > alternative path which may well be via Miami. Therefore RO will be a
waste
> > of time and resource.
> 
> If TE is used to route the traffic via such slow paths the difference is 
> noticeable (at least, without measurement tools), the network is designed 
> and operated badly, period.  Nobody would want to pay for that kind of 
> service.
> 

What makes you think that the TEed route between the CN and the MN 
(i.e. Chicago -> Miami -> Dallas) will be a slow path? 
Do you think the shortest path is ALWAYS the best/fastest path?

-Kuntal



> -- 
> Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
> Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
> Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords
> 
> 
> 

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charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
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<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated =
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; Here are two of the reasons why I think RO =
will be undesirable:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; 1. It allows the users to entirely bypass =
the home IP provider's network.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; This will keep the home IP network =
providers out of added revenue streams.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; The situation will be even worse when the =
AAA clients for accounting are in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; the home IP network which will not be in =
the data path due to RO.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; The data does not go to the home IP provider's =
network so there is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; absolutely zero reason be able to gain revenue =
from that.&nbsp; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I don't think I understood your point. Are you =
agreeing with me or disagreeing?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; 2. Imposes unnecessary processing =
requirement on ALL IPv6 </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; devices to support</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; this non-mandatory functionality.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; My personal opinion is a SHOULD, but I think =
'unnecessary' is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a bit harsh.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>No comment.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; Here is a reason why I think RO will be =
meaningless:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; The core of the internet is managed by =
large carriers. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; These carriers use</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; (or will be using) Constrained Based =
Routing (OSPF-TE) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; instead of plain</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; OSPF. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; In which world?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Not sure which world it will be :o), but here are =
some links on TE:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2><A =
HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-katz-yeung-ospf-traffi=
c-06.txt" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-katz-yeung-o=
spf-traffic-06.txt</A></FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2><A =
HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-srisuresh-ospf-te-02.t=
xt" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-srisuresh-os=
pf-te-02.txt</A></FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2><A HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3272.txt" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3272.txt</A></FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2><A HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3209.txt" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3209.txt</A></FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2><A HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3212.txt" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3212.txt</A></FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; The main purpose is traffic engineering. =
Therefore the path between</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; the CN and the MN may not always be the =
shortest one even with RO. It</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; entirely depends on the traffic =
engineering of the intervening networks. As</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; an example:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; If the CN is in Chicago, MN is in Dallas =
and the HA is in Miami, if the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; shortest route between Chicago and Dallas =
has less weight (not preferred by</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; OSPF-TE) then all the IP packets between =
CN and the MN will be routed via an</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; alternative path which may well be via =
Miami. Therefore RO will be a waste</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; of time and resource.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; If TE is used to route the traffic via such =
slow paths the difference is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; noticeable (at least, without measurement =
tools), the network is designed </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; and operated badly, period.&nbsp; Nobody would =
want to pay for that kind of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; service.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>What makes you think that the TEed route between the =
CN and the MN </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>(i.e. Chicago -&gt; Miami -&gt; Dallas) will be a =
slow path? </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Do you think the shortest path is ALWAYS the =
best/fastest path?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-Kuntal</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -- </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Pekka =
Savola&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;Tell me of difficulties =
surmounted,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Netcore =
Oy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; not those you stumble over and =
fall&quot;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Systems. Networks. Security.&nbsp; -- Robert =
Jordan: A Crown of Swords</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net, charliep@iprg.nokia.com, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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I thought it was already decided that a CN MUST respond with a rate limited
"lack of resources" response to the request for route optimization. If this
is the case then it seems to follow that the processing of the HOA for this
purpose MUST also be supported if the HOA is to be a part of the request to
do route optimization - but only to this extent. Perhaps some clarification
in the draft is all that is necessary as to what is meant by the MUST.
 

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I thought it was already decided that a CN MUST =
respond with a rate limited &quot;lack of resources&quot; response to =
the request for route optimization. If this is the case then it seems =
to follow that the processing of the HOA for this purpose MUST also be =
supported if the HOA is to be a part of the request to do route =
optimization - but only to this extent. Perhaps some clarification in =
the draft is all that is necessary as to what is meant by the =
MUST.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
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To: "Glenn Morrow" <gmorrow@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>, Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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sed r//HOA//HAO/g

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C310:EXCH] 
> Sent: Monday, July 22, 2002 2:17 PM
> To: 'Michael Thomas'; Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
> Cc: itojun@iijlab.net; charliep@iprg.nokia.com;
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
> 
> 
> I thought it was already decided that a CN MUST respond with 
> a rate limited "lack of resources" response to the request 
> for route optimization. If this is the case then it seems to 
> follow that the processing of the HOA for this purpose MUST 
> also be supported if the HOA is to be a part of the request 
> to do route optimization - but only to this extent. Perhaps 
> some clarification in the draft is all that is necessary as 
> to what is meant by the MUST.
>  
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>sed r//HOA//HAO/g</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C310:EXCH] </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Monday, July 22, 2002 2:17 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: 'Michael Thomas'; Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: itojun@iijlab.net; charliep@iprg.nokia.com;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I thought it was already decided that a CN MUST respond with </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; a rate limited &quot;lack of resources&quot; response to the request </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; for route optimization. If this is the case then it seems to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; follow that the processing of the HOA for this purpose MUST </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; also be supported if the HOA is to be a part of the request </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; to do route optimization - but only to this extent. Perhaps </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; some clarification in the draft is all that is necessary as </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; to what is meant by the MUST.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Mon, 22 Jul 2002 13:46:11 -0700
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RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated  Here are two =
of the reasons why I think RO will be undesirable:
=20
  1. It allows the users to entirely bypass the home IP provider's =
network. This will keep the home =20
  IP network providers out of added revenue streams. The situation will =
be even worse when the =20
  AAA clients for accounting are in the home IP network which will not =
be in the data path due to=20
  RO.

This is not a techical reason, this is a business reason. If we get into =
this aspect
of technology deployment, protocol designs might change in rather =
strange ways :)
I don't think we want to go there.

Also, if any operator is trying to bill users by baning route =
optimizations, what is their
plan for non-Mobile IP? What happens when mobile node uses its care-of =
address
as its end point of a communication?

Despite any protocol work here, an operator can still force all the =
traffic to
flow through home network, if it is determined to do so...

alper
=20

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be =
mandated</TITLE>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.3103.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D233064817-22072002>&nbsp; =
Here&nbsp;are=20
two of the reasons why I think RO will be =
undesirable:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D233064817-22072002>&nbsp; =
1. It allows=20
the users to entirely bypass the home IP provider's network. This will =
keep the=20
home&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D233064817-22072002>&nbsp;&nbsp;IP=20
network providers out of added revenue streams. The situation will be =
even worse=20
when the&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D233064817-22072002>&nbsp; =
AAA clients=20
for accounting are in the home IP network which will not be in the data =
path due=20
to </SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D233064817-22072002>&nbsp; =

RO.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D233064817-22072002></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>This is not a techical reason, this is a business reason. If we get =
into=20
this aspect</DIV>
<DIV>of technology deployment, protocol designs might change&nbsp;in =
rather=20
strange ways :)</DIV>
<DIV>I don't think we want to go there.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Also, if&nbsp;any operator&nbsp;is trying to bill users by baning =
route=20
optimizations, what is their</DIV>
<DIV>plan for non-Mobile IP? What happens when mobile node uses its =
care-of=20
address</DIV>
<DIV>as its end point of a communication?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Despite any protocol work here, an operator can still force all the =
traffic=20
to</DIV>
<DIV>flow through home network, if it is determined to do so...</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>alper</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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Date: Mon, 22 Jul 2002 23:57:22 +0300 (EEST)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Kuntal Chowdhury <chowdury@nortelnetworks.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
In-Reply-To: <23BDB0046F3ED51185CD0002A5608D24052E0FDD@zrc2c009.us.nortel.com>
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On Mon, 22 Jul 2002, Kuntal Chowdhury wrote:
> 
> > > Here are two of the reasons why I think RO will be undesirable:
> > >  
> > > 1. It allows the users to entirely bypass the home IP provider's
> network.
> > > This will keep the home IP network providers out of added revenue
> streams.
> > > The situation will be even worse when the AAA clients for accounting are
> in
> > > the home IP network which will not be in the data path due to RO.
> > 
> > The data does not go to the home IP provider's network so there is 
> > absolutely zero reason be able to gain revenue from that.  
> 
> I don't think I understood your point. Are you agreeing with me or
> disagreeing?

Totally disagreeing.

Assuming CN is in ISP 1's network, MN is vising ISP 2's network and HA is 
in ISP 3's network.

Your argument was, if I got it right, that route optimizations is bad 
because traffic is between ISP 1 and ISP 2 so ISP 3 does not get revenue.

This seems ridiculous.  

> > > Here is a reason why I think RO will be meaningless:
> > >  
> > > The core of the internet is managed by large carriers. 
> > These carriers use
> > > (or will be using) Constrained Based Routing (OSPF-TE) 
> > instead of plain
> > > OSPF. 
> > 
> > In which world?
> > 
> 
> Not sure which world it will be :o), but here are some links on TE:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-katz-yeung-ospf-traffic-06.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-srisuresh-ospf-te-02.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3272.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3209.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3212.txt

Sure, people write about it, but there's fiber in abundance.  The problem 
is who is going to pay for the ISP for using it.  This does not change the 
problem, only makes the problem more complex (like MPLS's TE components).

> > If TE is used to route the traffic via such slow paths the difference is 
> > noticeable (at least, without measurement tools), the network is designed 
> > and operated badly, period.  Nobody would want to pay for that kind of 
> > service.
> > 
> 
> What makes you think that the TEed route between the CN and the MN 
> (i.e. Chicago -> Miami -> Dallas) will be a slow path? 

The speed of light is a constant.

> Do you think the shortest path is ALWAYS the best/fastest path?

Almost always, yes.  When it's not, it's almost best, which is roughly the 
same thing.  All of this amounts to advantages by route optimization.

(I'm disregarding stuff like extremely severe network congestion here, as 
we're talking about stable scenarios here.)

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords




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Date: Mon, 22 Jul 2002 18:39:39 -0400
From: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
Organization: Tru64 UNIX Networking
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Don't know if someone noticed this already, but the length of a BU in
Section 6.1.7 is incorrect:

  "If no actual options are present in this message, no padding is
   necessary and the Header Len field will be set to 4."

A BU is the same size of a BAck now that the lifetime field was reduced
to 16 bits and the Home Address removed, it should say:

  "If no options are present in this message, 4 bytes of padding is
   necessary and the Header Len field will be set to 2."

-Brian



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To: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
Cc: charliep@iprg.nokia.com, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
In-reply-to: Basavaraj.Patil's message of Mon, 22 Jul 2002 10:45:36 EST.
      <697DAA22C5004B4596E033803A7CEF44A13156@daebe007.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2002 07:54:20 +0900
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>I am of the opinion that the scale of IPv6 deployment today is still
>in its infancy and the impacts associated with mandating the HAO
>processing on all IPv6 nodes is far less than maybe two years from
>now.

	here are a little (incomplete) list of RFC2460-compliant
	implementations that does not speak/understand HAO:

	JunOS, ExtremeWare, MacOS 10.2, all FreeBSD since 4.0, all NetBSD
	since 1.5, all OpenBSD since 2.7, Solaris beyond 2.7, Linux since 2.2,
	all BSD/OS since 4.1.

	and any product that ships with these operating systems (note that
	many uses *BSD in embedded products such as printers).

	and i would like to stress that it isn't matter of configuration, but
	matter of codebase (you can't say "well, they are not configured with
	IPv6").  and as you may aware, people do run older revisions of those
	operating systems (there still are Win3.1, you know).

	if it isn't enough to convince you otherwise, i think you are in
	a dream world.

itojun


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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you are both right. it was closed as 'Adopted' after there was concensus
on the mailing list. see, issue 45 at
http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/MIPv6-Issues.html

it was reopened (unfortunately) as issue 53.

Vijay


Michael Thomas wrote:
> 
> Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com writes:
>  > If the intent is to support mobility in IPv6 networks as an integral
>  > aspect of the protocol, I believe the HAO processing is a MUST. I
>  > believe the Mobile IP WG is of this opinion.
> 
>    That sure hasn't been my read of the consensus.
>    In fact, the consensus seems to be exactly
>    opposite.
> 
>                 Mike
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> IETF IPng Working Group Mailing List
> IPng Home Page:                      http://playground.sun.com/ipng
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> Direct all administrative requests to majordomo@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Itojun,

there have never been any suboptions defined for the home address
option.

itojun@iijlab.net wrote:
> 
> >The home address option is the same in format as the
> >previous version.  The additional requirement now is
> >only that now it's required to be secured somehow.
> 
>         no it is not.  also option type # got changed
>         draft 04-06: type, length and an IPv6 address, type # = "196???"
>         draft 07: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions,
>                 type # = "196???"
>         draft 08-16: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions, type # = 201
>         draft 17-18: type, length and an IPv6 address, type # = 201
> 
>         note that existence/non-existence of suboption will affect validation
>         of incoming messages.

when there is no vaild sub-option defined, I would expect one 
to write code which would drop the packet, if the packet came 
with some sub-option.

>         no wonder vendors ship without HAO support, it is impossible to
>         support something that changes this often.  

it has been an internet draft so far. people who implement internet
drafts do it knowing very well that it could change.

> as for *BSD/KAME, it is
>         decided that we won't merge anything related to mobile-ip6 into main
>         *BSD distribution until mobile-ip6 becomes RFC (so it won't show up
>         onto ExtremeWare, JunOS, MacOS X, ...).

okay. fair enough.

regards
Vijay


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Itojun,

>         here are a little (incomplete) list of RFC2460-compliant
>         implementations that does not speak/understand HAO:
> 
>         JunOS, ExtremeWare, MacOS 10.2, all FreeBSD since 4.0, all NetBSD
>         since 1.5, all OpenBSD since 2.7, Solaris beyond 2.7, Linux since 2.2,
>         all BSD/OS since 4.1.
> 
>         and any product that ships with these operating systems (note that
>         many uses *BSD in embedded products such as printers).
> 
>         and i would like to stress that it isn't matter of configuration, but
>         matter of codebase (you can't say "well, they are not configured with
>         IPv6").  and as you may aware, people do run older revisions of those
>         operating systems (there still are Win3.1, you know).
> 
>         if it isn't enough to convince you otherwise, i think you are in
>         a dream world.

dream world?? thats nonsense.

I also think the current installed IPv6 base is going to be 
*insignificant* compared to the IPv6 base that is expected.

Vijay


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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
From: itojun@iijlab.net
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2002 12:06:07 +0900
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>there have never been any suboptions defined for the home address
>option.
>>	draft 07: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions,
>>		type # = "196???"
>>	draft 08-16: type, length, an IPv6 address and suboptions, type # = 201
>when there is no vaild sub-option defined, I would expect one 
>to write code which would drop the packet, if the packet came 
>with some sub-option.

	one problem is that draft 07-16 are silent about HAO processing
	when unknown suboption is attached.  from the language in draft 16,
	i guess receiver should ignore suboptions if they are unknown to them
	(otherwise we cannot allow "future extension" - old implementation
	will not be able to talk with new implementation), but i could be wrong.

	anyways, the above is not the main focus of this discussion.

itojun



---
      Sub-Options

         Additional information, associated with this Home Address
         option, that need not be present in all Home Address options
         sent.  This use of sub-options also allows for future
         extensions to the format of the Home Address option to be
         defined.  Currently, no valid sub-options are defined for use
         in a Home Address option.


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Date: Fri, 19 Jul 2002 11:21:56 +0900
From: Brett Pentland <Brett.Pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Clarification sought on role of MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS
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Hi folks,

I was just wondering if anyone can confirm that the protocol 
constant "MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS" defined in RFC2461 as 3 seconds only 
relates to multicast RAs sent in response to an RS and thus is 
unrelated to the configuration variable "MinRtrAdvInterval" for 
unsolicited multicast RAs which is redefined in the Mobile IPv6 I-D.

Thanks,
Brett.





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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: itojun@iijlab.net
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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    Date:        Tue, 23 Jul 2002 07:54:20 +0900
    From:        itojun@iijlab.net
    Message-ID:  <20020722225421.087BD4B24@coconut.itojun.org>

  | 	here are a little (incomplete) list of RFC2460-compliant
  | 	implementations that does not speak/understand HAO:

This is a totally irrelevant argument.   It simply doesn't matter
which current implementations do or do not understand the option
when it comes to deciding if it should be specified as a MUST or not.

That question is relevant when designing the option, and its processing
in the first place though.

That is, someone has to decide what happens when a new option is seen
at an old node that doesn't understand it.   There the choices are
"too bad, old node can't participate", "old node will just ignore this
and do things this other way - not optimal, but works", or "this option
will be useless with all those old nodes, there's no point having it at
all" (perhaps others).

Here, from what I have seen, that question isn't an issue - it seems (I
believe) that the "old nodes will work sub-optimally" is the approach
taken - that is, they don't get communications denied (which they would
if this was a new header) nor is the option just considered worthless to
have at all.

On the other hand, when deciding whether new implementations MUST or SHOULD
implement some option, the question is entirely related to the benefit vs
the cost of the option processing, for nodes that can & would implement it
(or might decide not to).   What old code, shipped before the option was
invented, might do is clearly irrelevant - that's not going to implement it,
it cannot.

Continuing to talk about the existing non HAO-supporting code base when
deciding MUST vs SHOULD isn't helping anyone.   If your point in there
somewhere is that mobile-ip won't work with old nodes, and that is
important enough to worry about, then the solution would have to be to
redesign the protocol, not change one compliance word.   But I don't think
that's it - it seems to be more related to whether all those old 
implementations would be conforming to a standard that didn't exist when
they were shipped.   And the answer is that of course they won't be, and
who cares about that anyway?

kre

ps: this message is not stating an opinion on whether MUST or SHOULD is
the right label for this option, just about this one argument point.



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 23 04:08:25 2002
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] BU length incorrect
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Brian Haley wrote:

> Don't know if someone noticed this already, but the length of a BU in
> Section 6.1.7 is incorrect:
> 
>   "If no actual options are present in this message, no padding is
>    necessary and the Header Len field will be set to 4."
> 
> A BU is the same size of a BAck now that the lifetime field was reduced
> to 16 bits and the Home Address removed, it should say:
> 
>   "If no options are present in this message, 4 bytes of padding is
>    necessary and the Header Len field will be set to 2."


Right. No, no one reported this before. I'll make it issue #77 and
we'll take care of it. Thanks!

Jari





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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: zhang zhishou <zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
cc: Mobileip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 19 Jul 2002 12:37:45 +0800.
             <NEBBLCHIALACIIFMDAIIEEDKCAAA.zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg> 
Date: Fri, 19 Jul 2002 10:36:59 +0200
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   Why is IPsec not used for binding updates between MN and CN?

=> it may be used but it is not (more) the default solution
because it needs a proper authorization and some kind of global PKI.
 I have a ton of mails about this in my laptop but I am
currently in the Narita Express (http://www.nex.v6pc.jp/)
so it is a bit hard to send them...
 When you'll know well please read my draft about IPsec and Mobile iPv6:
draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

Ps I've seen an answer from Pekka, so you should already have
an idea about the authorization issue.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 23 04:25:50 2002
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        itojun@iijlab.net, vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, keiichi@iij.ad.jp,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Kuntal Chowdhury wrote:

> Here are two of the reasons why I think RO will be undesirable:


There might be reasons at some situations to not do RO. But
the spec already allows for that, either by the decision of the
MN or the CN.

So, we can cover the situations that you list, whether or not
your reasons are valid. So can we please close this discussion,
and concentrate only the discussion of what functionality is
mandatory to support in the CNs?

Jari





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Glenn Morrow wrote:

> I thought it was already decided that a CN MUST respond with a rate 
> limited "lack of resources" response to the request for route 
> optimization.


Yes!

> If this is the case then it seems to follow that the 
> processing of the HOA for this purpose MUST also be supported if the HOA 
> is to be a part of the request to do route optimization - but only to 
> this extent.


Indeed.

However, I believe this thread is not about the support of HAO with RO --
it is more about the support of HAO with IPsec and triangular routing.
Folks are complaining that there is not sufficient reason to have a MUST
for that special case. And I'm starting to agree...

Jari




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com wrote:


> RO gives you the capability of having two end-points connected without
> having to rely on intermediate nodes such as the HA being
> involved. The HA is not the bottleneck. One of the benefits of RO is
> lesser traffic in the backbone and to a certain degree reduced
> latency. But these are some of the lesser motivations.


Well, I think latency is still a very good motivation. Even if we
upgraded the backbone, someone forgot to upgrade speed of light ;-)


> Having a mobile anchored at some point in the network (HA) when it is
> non-essential is just not the right approach.


I agree.

> Mandating HAO processing
> in all IPv6 nodes is the only way to accomplish this and reverse
> tunnelling or having a node anchored at the HA is an option only for
> backward compatibility to the nodes that already deployed (which is a
> pretty small percentage of IP nodes).

Please remember that the HAO processing is not sufficient by itself.
This whole debate is not really about RO and HAO processing -- currently
the spec is NOT mandating that with any keyword, we are expecting the
node requirements document to do that. However, we are mandating the
combination of IPsec, triangular routing, and HAO processing. So, when
you are saying "mandating HAO processing", do you IPsec+triangular+HAO
combination?

I would actually say that RR, RO, and HAO are really the main ingredients
for a successful mobility solution. The other combination is really just
a special case and I can't see it being used in the Internet for any
sizeable fraction of traffic. In fact, in my code I would always do RO
even if I had an IPsec SA, so the combination might not even be usable
by everyone.

Jari



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To: zhang zhishou <zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
Cc: Mobileip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update
References: <NEBBLCHIALACIIFMDAIIEEDKCAAA.zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
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zhang zhishou wrote:
> Hi, folks:
> 
> I am newbie in Mobile IP and IPsec. Please forgive me for my stupid
> questions.
> 
> Why is IPsec not used for binding updates between MN and CN?
> If this is topic that was already discussed and clarified, please give me
> some reference, so that I could catch up with it.

Short answer:  Problems with scalability in key management.

Longer answer:  How do you arrange a pair of SAs between two
arbitrary nodes that may not have anything to do with each other?
Well, you could have a global PKI, but such thing does not exist
today, and even if it did, you would need to make sure that the
PKI carries the right kind of *authorization* information, in
addition to public keys for authentication.

Still longer answer:  There are lots of related text, but I don't
know if there is anything that just discusses your question and
nothing else.  There is something in the earlier texts, e.g.

- Pekka Nikander,  An Address Ownership Problem in IPv6,
   work in progress, Internet-Draft (expired), February 2001.
   http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/draft-nikander-ipng-address-ownership-00.txt

- Michael Roe, Greg O'Shea, "Child-proof Authentication for Mobile IPv6,"
   CCR, April 2001, http://www.research.microsoft.com/~mroe/ccr2001.pdf

--Pekka Nikander



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2002 11:32:53 +0200
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Thread-Topic: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update
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From: "Jean-Michel COMBES" <jeanmichel.combes@francetelecom.com>
To: "Pekka Nikander" <Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com>,
        "zhang zhishou" <zszhang@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
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Hi,

Concerning the IPsec use with MIPv6, another document :

Francis Dupont, How to make IPsec more mobile IPv6 friendly, June 2002,
Internet Draft, draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt


Concerning the key management, IMO, that depends on the context :

1. MN and CN in the same administrativ domain (ie. "Brother CN" case)
Use of a local PKI or AAA

2. MN and CN in different administrative domains and partnership between
the
two domains (ie. "Friend CN" case)
Use of AAA

3. MN and CN in different administrative domains and no partnership
between
the two domains (ie. "Random CN" case)
Use of DNSsec


Concerning the right kind of *authorization* information, the certs must
contain the link Home Address/ID(NAI,user-FQDN, etc.).


Regards.

JMC.


France Telecom R&D - DTL/SSR
Jean-Michel COMBES, Internet/Intranet Security
E-Mail : jeanmichel.combes@francetelecom.com
Phone +33 (0)1 45 29 45 94, Fax +33 (0)1 45 29 65 19
PGP fingerprint : 07C6 37BF 4DE5 1CE1 EEB1 1F13 5D75 9E33 CFA7 0214
-----Message d'origine-----
De : Pekka Nikander [mailto:Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com]
Envoye : vendredi 19 juillet 2002 06:57
A : zhang zhishou
Cc : Mobileip
Objet : Re: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update


zhang zhishou wrote:
> Hi, folks:
>
> I am newbie in Mobile IP and IPsec. Please forgive me for my stupid
> questions.
>
> Why is IPsec not used for binding updates between MN and CN?
> If this is topic that was already discussed and clarified, please give
me
> some reference, so that I could catch up with it.
Short answer:  Problems with scalability in key management.
Longer answer:  How do you arrange a pair of SAs between two
arbitrary nodes that may not have anything to do with each other?
Well, you could have a global PKI, but such thing does not exist
today, and even if it did, you would need to make sure that the
PKI carries the right kind of *authorization* information, in
addition to public keys for authentication.
Still longer answer:  There are lots of related text, but I don't
know if there is anything that just discusses your question and
nothing else.  There is something in the earlier texts, e.g.
- Pekka Nikander,  An Address Ownership Problem in IPv6,
   work in progress, Internet-Draft (expired), February 2001.

http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/draft-nikander-ipng-address-owne
rshi
p-00.txt
- Michael Roe, Greg O'Shea, "Child-proof Authentication for Mobile
IPv6,"
   CCR, April 2001, http://www.research.microsoft.com/~mroe/ccr2001.pdf
--Pekka Nikander

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charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
6.0.5770.91">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] questions on binding update</TITLE>
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<BODY>
<!-- Converted from text/plain format -->

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Hi,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Concerning the IPsec use with MIPv6, another document =
:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Francis Dupont, How to make IPsec more mobile IPv6 =
friendly, June 2002,</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Internet Draft, =
draft-dupont-ipsec-mipv6-01.txt</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Concerning the key management, IMO, that depends on =
the context :</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>1. MN and CN in the same administrativ domain (ie. =
&quot;Brother CN&quot; case)</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Use of a local PKI or AAA</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>2. MN and CN in different administrative domains and =
partnership between the</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>two domains (ie. &quot;Friend CN&quot; case)</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Use of AAA</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>3. MN and CN in different administrative domains and =
no partnership between</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>the two domains (ie. &quot;Random CN&quot; =
case)</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Use of DNSsec</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Concerning the right kind of *authorization* =
information, the certs must</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>contain the link Home Address/ID(NAI,user-FQDN, =
etc.).</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Regards.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>JMC.</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>France Telecom R&amp;D - DTL/SSR</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Jean-Michel COMBES, Internet/Intranet Security</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>E-Mail : jeanmichel.combes@francetelecom.com</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Phone +33 (0)1 45 29 45 94, Fax +33 (0)1 45 29 65 =
19</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>PGP fingerprint : 07C6 37BF 4DE5 1CE1 EEB1 1F13 5D75 =
9E33 CFA7 0214</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>-----Message d'origine-----</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>De : Pekka Nikander [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Pekka.Nikander@nomadiclab.com">mailto:Pekka.Nikander@nomad=
iclab.com</A>]</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Envoye : vendredi 19 juillet 2002 06:57</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>A : zhang zhishou</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Cc : Mobileip</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Objet : Re: [mobile-ip] questions on binding =
update</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>zhang zhishou wrote:</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Hi, folks:</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I am newbie in Mobile IP and IPsec. Please =
forgive me for my stupid</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; questions.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Why is IPsec not used for binding updates =
between MN and CN?</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; If this is topic that was already discussed and =
clarified, please give me</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; some reference, so that I could catch up with =
it.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Short answer:&nbsp; Problems with scalability in key =
management.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Longer answer:&nbsp; How do you arrange a pair of SAs =
between two</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>arbitrary nodes that may not have anything to do with =
each other?</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Well, you could have a global PKI, but such thing =
does not exist</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>today, and even if it did, you would need to make =
sure that the</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>PKI carries the right kind of *authorization* =
information, in</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>addition to public keys for authentication.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Still longer answer:&nbsp; There are lots of related =
text, but I don't</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>know if there is anything that just discusses your =
question and</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>nothing else.&nbsp; There is something in the earlier =
texts, e.g.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>- Pekka Nikander,&nbsp; An Address Ownership Problem =
in IPv6,</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp; work in progress, Internet-Draft =
(expired), February 2001.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2><A =
HREF=3D"http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/draft-nikander-ipng-addre=
ss-ownershi">http://www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/draft-nikander-ipng-=
address-ownershi</A></FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>p-00.txt</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>- Michael Roe, Greg O'Shea, &quot;Child-proof =
Authentication for Mobile IPv6,&quot;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp; CCR, April 2001, <A =
HREF=3D"http://www.research.microsoft.com/~mroe/ccr2001.pdf">http://www.r=
esearch.microsoft.com/~mroe/ccr2001.pdf</A></FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>--Pekka Nikander</FONT>
</P>

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	Title		: Mobile IP considerations for Inter-technology 
                          handovers
	Author(s)	: S. Jamadagni, D. Satish
	Filename	: draft-satish-mobileip-inter-technology-00.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 22-Jul-02
	
Multi mode terminals are becoming pervasive. In a multi mode 
environment, Mobile Terminals (MTs) move from the coverage of one radio 
access network to another. There is a need to maintain ongoing network 
sessions to support seamless services. For example, a MT may roam 
between a 3G cellular network and a wireless LAN seamlessly with 
session continuity. It is possible for a single service provider to 
support multiple modes but it is expected that different modes will be 
supported by different service providers. For example WLAN support can 
be enterprise supported where as 3G services are supported by a wide 
area service provider. In this draft we discuss handover support 
between multiple domains (modes) where a MT can use different IP 
addresses or can use a global IP address. Handover between different 
modes will then require greater federation capabilities between the 
different IP domains. 

In this draft we discuss Home Agent federation capabilities over Mobile 
IP so that inter-technology, inter-domain handovers are better 
supported.

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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast
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> I should also mention that given this issue also
> exists for MIPv4, there is less of an 'architectural' barrier there because
> the MN is not prohibited in IPv4 from using the HoA as a source address on a
> foreign link.

The same real-world constraints exist in IPv4 (ingress filtering for all
packets and RPF checks for multicast) as in IPv6. Of course, the mobile IPv4
documents might fail to mention this detail, but that isn't a fault of
the mobile IPv6 document :-)

> ****************************************************************************
> ************************************
> This email may contain confidential and privileged material for the sole use
> of the
> intended recipient. Any review or distribution by others is strictly
> prohibited.
> If you are not the intended recipient please contact the sender and delete
> all copies.
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Could you fix the above trailer in the email?

  Erik



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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        itojun@iijlab.net, charliep@iprg.nokia.com,
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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I agree - let's move on.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 23, 2002 3:25 AM
> To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C310:EXCH]
> Cc: Michael Thomas; Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com; itojun@iijlab.net;
> charliep@iprg.nokia.com; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
> ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
> 
> 
> Glenn Morrow wrote:
> 
> > I thought it was already decided that a CN MUST respond with a rate 
> > limited "lack of resources" response to the request for route 
> > optimization.
> 
> 
> Yes!
> 
> > If this is the case then it seems to follow that the 
> > processing of the HOA for this purpose MUST also be 
> supported if the HOA 
> > is to be a part of the request to do route optimization - 
> but only to 
> > this extent.
> 
> 
> Indeed.
> 
> However, I believe this thread is not about the support of 
> HAO with RO --
> it is more about the support of HAO with IPsec and triangular routing.
> Folks are complaining that there is not sufficient reason to 
> have a MUST
> for that special case. And I'm starting to agree...
> 
> Jari
> 
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>I agree - let's move on.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Jari Arkko [<A HREF="mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi">mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Tuesday, July 23, 2002 3:25 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: Morrow, Glenn [RICH2:C310:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: Michael Thomas; Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com; itojun@iijlab.net;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; charliep@iprg.nokia.com; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Glenn Morrow wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; I thought it was already decided that a CN MUST respond with a rate </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; limited &quot;lack of resources&quot; response to the request for route </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; optimization.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Yes!</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; If this is the case then it seems to follow that the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; processing of the HOA for this purpose MUST also be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; supported if the HOA </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; is to be a part of the request to do route optimization - </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; but only to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; this extent.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Indeed.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; However, I believe this thread is not about the support of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; HAO with RO --</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; it is more about the support of HAO with IPsec and triangular routing.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Folks are complaining that there is not sufficient reason to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; have a MUST</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; for that special case. And I'm starting to agree...</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Jari</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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>>I am of the opinion that the scale of IPv6 deployment today is still
>>in its infancy and the impacts associated with mandating the HAO
>>processing on all IPv6 nodes is far less than maybe two years from
>>now.
>
>	here are a little (incomplete) list of RFC2460-compliant
>	implementations that does not speak/understand HAO:
>
>	JunOS, ExtremeWare, MacOS 10.2, all FreeBSD since 4.0, all NetBSD
>	since 1.5, all OpenBSD since 2.7, Solaris beyond 2.7, Linux since 2.2,
>	all BSD/OS since 4.1.

So are you suggesting that these OS' will have no revisions whatsoever
in the future and they are now frozen forever?

>	and any product that ships with these operating systems (note that
>	many uses *BSD in embedded products such as printers).

So every product that uses the IPv6 component of these OS' will not be
compliant with the standard. These nodes can still operate just as
well via the reverse tunnelling mechanism. I do not expect these nodes
to be even upgraded to support the RR scheme as well. Thats just
something we have to live with.

>
>	and i would like to stress that it isn't matter of configuration, but
>	matter of codebase (you can't say "well, they are not configured with
>	IPv6").  and as you may aware, people do run older revisions of those
>	operating systems (there still are Win3.1, you know).

I know. But you also have to realize that OS' evolve and new features
are added.

>
>	if it isn't enough to convince you otherwise, i think you are in
>	a dream world.

There is an aspect of *tunnel vision* w.r.t your statement above. I
realize there are commercial networks and commercial products running
IPv6 that do not have HAO processing capability. But you are not
looking at the potential scale of the nodes that are yet to be
developed and deployed.

>
>itojun
>

Anyway, this argument is not leading to any conclusions. I would
recommend that we move forward. Let the IESG decide if the HAO
processing as MUST is too cumbersome for IPv6 nodes.

-Basavaraj




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Jul 23 11:49:17 2002
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From: "Pascal Thubert" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>, <itojun@iijlab.net>
Cc: <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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>I am of the opinion that the scale of IPv6 deployment today is still
>in its infancy and the impacts associated with mandating the HAO
>processing on all IPv6 nodes is far less than maybe two years from
>now.

Is that the point?

My point was that the support of binding exchange and binding cache will be
useless is several widely deployed configurations, example:

- Web clusters
- Appliances
- Core routers
...
You name it.

 On the other hand, having to support BU is not only additional code, it's also
additional resources in constrained environments, and lower quality of service,
since it may delay the establishment of the connection (I'm not sure that the
draft is very clear about the use of the reverse tunnel while the RO is being
established).

It's also assuming that the trade off of having a binding cache is always
preferable as opposed to other means of validating the HAO. The "always" is a
"more often than not" at best, IMHO. Again, examples:

- Trusted environment such as Intranet
- BU piggybacking, or other means to sign every HaO, for CPU rich - memory poor
environments such as load balancers and traffic splitters
- Uselessness for attackers if application layer AAA is performed before any
other process takes place (e.g. Web Server in a DMZ)

I would not "MUST" a design point which degrades the performances of all modes
of operation based on the assumptions on one.

Pascal

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
[mailto:owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com]On Behalf Of
Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com
Sent: Tuesday, July 23, 2002 4:41 PM
To: itojun@iijlab.net
Cc: charliep@iprg.nokia.com; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated

>>I am of the opinion that the scale of IPv6 deployment today is still
>>in its infancy and the impacts associated with mandating the HAO
>>processing on all IPv6 nodes is far less than maybe two years from
>>now.
>
>       here are a little (incomplete) list of RFC2460-compliant
>       implementations that does not speak/understand HAO:
>
>       JunOS, ExtremeWare, MacOS 10.2, all FreeBSD since 4.0, all NetBSD
>       since 1.5, all OpenBSD since 2.7, Solaris beyond 2.7, Linux since 2.2,
>       all BSD/OS since 4.1.

So are you suggesting that these OS' will have no revisions whatsoever
in the future and they are now frozen forever?

>       and any product that ships with these operating systems (note that
>       many uses *BSD in embedded products such as printers).

So every product that uses the IPv6 component of these OS' will not be
compliant with the standard. These nodes can still operate just as
well via the reverse tunnelling mechanism. I do not expect these nodes
to be even upgraded to support the RR scheme as well. Thats just
something we have to live with.

>
>       and i would like to stress that it isn't matter of configuration, but
>       matter of codebase (you can't say "well, they are not configured with
>       IPv6").  and as you may aware, people do run older revisions of those
>       operating systems (there still are Win3.1, you know).

I know. But you also have to realize that OS' evolve and new features
are added.

>
>       if it isn't enough to convince you otherwise, i think you are in
>       a dream world.

There is an aspect of *tunnel vision* w.r.t your statement above. I
realize there are commercial networks and commercial products running
IPv6 that do not have HAO processing capability. But you are not
looking at the potential scale of the nodes that are yet to be
developed and deployed.

>
>itojun
>

Anyway, this argument is not leading to any conclusions. I would
recommend that we move forward. Let the IESG decide if the HAO
processing as MUST is too cumbersome for IPv6 nodes.

-Basavaraj



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward
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>Hi, 
>
>I didn't have enough time in the meeting to explain
>clearly what I meant when we discussed Phil's proposal. 
>Since I suddenly have excellent WLAN coverage in the 
>room, I'll try to do it now!
>
>First of all, I'm not sure that the WG is actually
>split. In fact, after reading all emails, I think we 
>agree on many issues. Let me try to list them and 
>see if I'm right. I think we agree on the following:
>
>- L2 triggers will make Fast handovers perform better. 

I do not believe there is any disagreement about this.

>- L2 triggers are needed.

But the Mobile IP WG fast HO specification should only be cognizant of
the existence of L2 triggers and not try to figure out what L2
triggers are available on various links. So the degree to which any
details about L2 triggers are documented should be quite
abstract. 

>- We need an access independent solution.

I believe that is what the FMIPv6 spec's aim is.

>
>But we disagree on the level of detail at which L2 triggers 
>should be included in the draft, and the value of tunnel-based
>handover (I think). 

Comment on detail of L2 tiggers above.

>So, to make my comment clear, I wasn't not against
>Phil's proposal to have a separate draft for Fast
>Handovers in 802.11. I was only against the implicit
>content of such document. 

The signaling details and message details for such a document would be
derived from the FMIPv6 specification. I am of the opinion that a
specification for FMIPv6 over 802.11 will simply specify a much more
narrow scenario for doing Fast HOs. The current FMIPv6 specification
provides multiple scenarios (MN sending a Proxy Solict or AR sending
the Proxy Advt, MN moving before sending or receiving any solicit or
advt etc.). Some of these may not be valid within the scope of
802.11. However I am not sure yet if the details of 802.11 link layer
need to be covered here (eg. the MN completes the Associate with an
AP. So will there be details about what the WLAN driver will provide
to the FastHO module at the IP layer?)

>
>I think that the current draft (v5) provides an 
>access independent framework for Fast handovers, 
>assuming some hints from lower layers, like 
>L2 (in the MN or the AR depending on the type
>of link) knows that handover is about to happen
>and will inform the IP layer. I believe that's 
>about as far as the doc needs to say. However, 
>to get this stuff deployed and make it useful, 
>more detail is needed. But I don't think that 
>this draft can possibly include all the details 
>relevant to all link layers. This is where Fast
>Handovers over foo documents would be needed. 
>
>These documents can show exactly what triggers 
>are needed, and how to integrate FMIPv6 signalling
>at the right time. Frankly, even if the current
>draft shows some names for L2 triggers, I don't
>think it would be useful. We need more detail
>for each link layer.
>

I agree with your views here. However I believe that you could
implement fast HOs based on implementation dependent triggers to test
interoperability. If I have access to my WLAN driver code, I could
build triggers that would initiate the Proxy Rtr Solicit from the
MN. As long as the routers are capable of processing the request, Fast
HO can be accomplished without having to do an explicit
specification. 

>So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
>802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should 
>do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
>layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
>defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
>on the IP layer. 

I do not believe anyone is proposing doing that.

>
>Does this make sense to anyone ? 
>I wish we had a show of hands during the meeting but
>there was no time to discuss it, because I don't think 
>the WG is very divided on this actually. 

I tend to agree. There are a few issues on which people have some
strong opinions, but the general consensus on the approach to fast HOs
is far greater. 

>
>Hesham
>
-Basavaraj



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Note: I am posting this as a new thread since we are not
discussing about the issue of mandatory processing of HAO in the IPv6 CN
anymore.

Pekka Savola wrote:
> Assuming CN is in ISP 1's network, MN is vising ISP 2's 
> network and HA is 
> in ISP 3's network.
> 
> Your argument was, if I got it right, that route optimizations is bad 
> because traffic is between ISP 1 and ISP 2 so ISP 3 does not 
> get revenue.
> 
> This seems ridiculous.  
> 

Consider the scenario where ISP 3 (Home domain of the user) does volume 
based accounting i.e. byte counts. The visited domain (ISP 2) does
not support volume based accounting. Therefore the home domain assigns 
an AAA client in a router (which may well be the HA) which is guaranteed to 
be in the data path. Reverse tunneling is enforced by the home domain to 
ensure that the all the  data to/from the user pass through the home 
domain. Now the user performs RO with the CN. The CN starts sending data
directly to the MN bypassing the home domain. Therefore the byte counts
in the AAA client in the home domain will not be accurate.


> > If TE is used to route the traffic via such slow paths the difference is

> > noticeable (at least, without measurement tools), the network is
designed 
> > and operated badly, period.  Nobody would want to pay for that kind of 
> > service.
> > 
> 
> What makes you think that the TEed route between the CN and the MN 
> (i.e. Chicago -> Miami -> Dallas) will be a slow path? 

> The speed of light is a constant.

It seems the assumption is that the link between CN and the MN is an optical

link. Let me explain what determines the speed and quality of an optical
link. A few important factors for a light path are: 
1. Fiber type (DSF, USF, NZDF etc.)
2. EDFAs and Ramans amplifiers.
3. Number of 3Rs (Retiming, Reshaping, Reamplifying function).
4. Transmission systems (OC-48/192/768 etc.)
5. Network type i.e. Ring or Mesh.

Say CN is in site A, MN in site B and HA in site C. Say the link between 
site A and B is OC-48, older fiber type 'USF' and no EDFAs. However the
A -> C -> B is OC-192, newer fiber 'NZDF' with EDFAs. Also the number of 3Rs
between A -> B is more than the number of 3Rs for the link A -> C -> B. 
Therefore the link speed, quality and available bandwidth will be far better

for A -> C -> B than A -> B. 
Now if the MN performs RO, then it will end up shifting the traffic from
a better link (A -> C -> B) to a worse link (A -> B). This will be the case
when the link A -> B is not congested. 
When the link between A -> B is congested, and TE is implemented, the
traffic may be shifted back to the original link A- > C -> B. That will have
the opposite effect of RO.
I hope it is clear now that the speed of light is not the limiting factor
for a 
light path. Moreover performing RO w/o knowledge of the network topology
and constraints does not guarantee good results.


> > Do you think the shortest path is ALWAYS the best/fastest path?

> Almost always, yes.  When it's not, it's almost best, which is roughly the

> same thing.  All of this amounts to advantages by route optimization.

> (I'm disregarding stuff like extremely severe network congestion here, as 
> we're talking about stable scenarios here.)

The shortest path may not be the best/fastest path even in stable scenarios.
It depends on the factors listed above for the light paths.


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Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="MS Exchange Server version 5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>Implications of Route Optimization</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Note: I am posting this as a new thread since we are not</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>discussing about the issue of mandatory processing of HAO in the IPv6 CN anymore.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Pekka Savola wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Assuming CN is in ISP 1's network, MN is vising ISP 2's </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; network and HA is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; in ISP 3's network.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Your argument was, if I got it right, that route optimizations is bad </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; because traffic is between ISP 1 and ISP 2 so ISP 3 does not </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; get revenue.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; This seems ridiculous.&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Consider the scenario where ISP 3 (Home domain of the user) does volume </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>based accounting i.e. byte counts. The visited domain (ISP 2) does</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>not support volume based accounting. Therefore the home domain assigns </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>an AAA client in a router (which may well be the HA) which is guaranteed to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>be in the data path. Reverse tunneling is enforced by the home domain to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>ensure that the all the&nbsp; data to/from the user pass through the home </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>domain. Now the user performs RO with the CN. The CN starts sending data</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>directly to the MN bypassing the home domain. Therefore the byte counts</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>in the AAA client in the home domain will not be accurate.</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; If TE is used to route the traffic via such slow paths the difference is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; noticeable (at least, without measurement tools), the network is designed </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; and operated badly, period.&nbsp; Nobody would want to pay for that kind of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; service.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; What makes you think that the TEed route between the CN and the MN </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; (i.e. Chicago -&gt; Miami -&gt; Dallas) will be a slow path? </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; The speed of light is a constant.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>It seems the assumption is that the link between CN and the MN is an optical </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>link. Let me explain what determines the speed and quality of an optical</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>link. A few important factors for a light path are: </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>1. Fiber type (DSF, USF, NZDF etc.)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>2. EDFAs and Ramans amplifiers.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>3. Number of 3Rs (Retiming, Reshaping, Reamplifying function).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>4. Transmission systems (OC-48/192/768 etc.)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>5. Network type i.e. Ring or Mesh.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Say CN is in site A, MN in site B and HA in site C. Say the link between </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>site A and B is OC-48, older fiber type 'USF' and no EDFAs. However the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>A -&gt; C -&gt; B is OC-192, newer fiber 'NZDF' with EDFAs. Also the number of 3Rs</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>between A -&gt; B is more than the number of 3Rs for the link A -&gt; C -&gt; B. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Therefore the link speed, quality and available bandwidth will be far better </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>for A -&gt; C -&gt; B than A -&gt; B. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Now if the MN performs RO, then it will end up shifting the traffic from</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>a better link (A -&gt; C -&gt; B) to a worse link (A -&gt; B). This will be the case</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>when the link A -&gt; B is not congested. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>When the link between A -&gt; B is congested, and TE is implemented, the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>traffic may be shifted back to the original link A- &gt; C -&gt; B. That will have</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the opposite effect of RO.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>I hope it is clear now that the speed of light is not the limiting factor for a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>light path. Moreover performing RO w/o knowledge of the network topology</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>and constraints does not guarantee good results.</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Do you think the shortest path is ALWAYS the best/fastest path?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Almost always, yes.&nbsp; When it's not, it's almost best, which is roughly the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; same thing.&nbsp; All of this amounts to advantages by route optimization.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; (I'm disregarding stuff like extremely severe network congestion here, as </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; we're talking about stable scenarios here.)</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The shortest path may not be the best/fastest path even in stable scenarios.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>It depends on the factors listed above for the light paths.</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01C2327A.5D35A1B0--


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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Randy Bush wrote:

> the question is what works best.  it would be good if we
> focussed on that.

exactly. couldnt agree more. 

but I keep hearing from the KAME folks again and again
"we already have IPv6 implementations which do not understand
HAO, we dont want HAO mandated" (which makes no sense to me).

Vijay


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
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>but I keep hearing from the KAME folks again and again
>"we already have IPv6 implementations which do not understand
>HAO, we dont want HAO mandated" (which makes no sense to me).

	MUST for HAO is self-contradictory at best.  if HAO is a MUST, we don't
	need bidir-tunnel (since it won't be used).  if we have bidir-tunnel,
	HAO is okay with SHOULD.

	i don't want a pie-throwing match, but it seems that you want it...
	i keep hearing from you "we can ignore currently-deployed IPv6
	codebase" which is total nonsense (or total ignorance of the current
	situation) to me.  IPv6 is not a toy in your lab any more.  we have
	people depend on it, we have serious IPv6 commercial network operation.

	i suggest to leave the SHOULD/MUST decision to jari, the main editor.

itojun


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Itojun,

itojun@iijlab.net wrote:
> 
>         MUST for HAO is self-contradictory at best.  if HAO is a MUST, we don't
>         need bidir-tunnel (since it won't be used).  if we have bidir-tunnel,
>         HAO is okay with SHOULD.

it is a MUST implement, not MUST use. you might not be able to use
it all the time. so we have bidirectional tunneling (when you 
cant/dont want to do Route Optimization or triangle routing). 
got it??

>         i don't want a pie-throwing match, but it seems that you want it...
>         i keep hearing from you "we can ignore currently-deployed IPv6
>         codebase" which is total nonsense (or total ignorance of the current

where did you get that idea from? Mobile nodes can have sessions
with IPv6 nodes, which dont implement HAO. its there in the
current spec. got it??

look at Robert Elz's answer. I dont have to say anything more.

>         situation) to me.  IPv6 is not a toy in your lab any more.  we have
>         people depend on it, we have serious IPv6 commercial network operation.
> 
>         i suggest to leave the SHOULD/MUST decision to jari, the main editor.

this is funny. the WG decides and Jari edits it in. maybe the WG
chairs can clarify this to you.

Vijay


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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'itojun@iijlab.net'" <itojun@iijlab.net>,
        Vijay Devarapalli
	 <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2002 16:24:04 -0400
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Folks,

    this discussion doesn't seem to be going anywhere at the point.  Perhaps
we
can drop it?

    The decision of MUST/SHOULD is up to the working group to recommend in
its
spec, and Jari will reflect that decision when he produces the final spec.
The consensus that has been recorded so far is MUST for HAO processing, MUST
for
BE processing, SHOULD for RO support (although it's not listed in the
node/host/
routers requirements section, 9.1 says it SHOULD be supported by all nodes).
We'll
look at the recent thread before determing whether the earlier consensus of
MUST for
HAO and BE processing are still intact.

    When MIP sends the spec up to the IESG for approval, we'll let the NG
working
group know the summary of the requirements that the MIP working group has
recommended.

Phil



> -----Original Message-----
> From: itojun@iijlab.net [mailto:itojun@iijlab.net]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 23, 2002 3:29 PM
> To: Vijay Devarapalli
> Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
> 
> 
> >but I keep hearing from the KAME folks again and again
> >"we already have IPv6 implementations which do not understand
> >HAO, we dont want HAO mandated" (which makes no sense to me).
> 
> 	MUST for HAO is self-contradictory at best.  if HAO is 
> a MUST, we don't
> 	need bidir-tunnel (since it won't be used).  if we have 
> bidir-tunnel,
> 	HAO is okay with SHOULD.
> 
> 	i don't want a pie-throwing match, but it seems that 
> you want it...
> 	i keep hearing from you "we can ignore currently-deployed IPv6
> 	codebase" which is total nonsense (or total ignorance 
> of the current
> 	situation) to me.  IPv6 is not a toy in your lab any 
> more.  we have
> 	people depend on it, we have serious IPv6 commercial 
> network operation.
> 
> 	i suggest to leave the SHOULD/MUST decision to jari, 
> the main editor.
> 
> itojun
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> IETF IPng Working Group Mailing List
> IPng Home Page:                      http://playground.sun.com/ipng
> FTP archive:                      ftp://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng
> Direct all administrative requests to majordomo@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> 


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To: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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thanks Phil. this approach sounds good.

Vijay

Phil Roberts wrote:
> 
> Folks,
> 
>     this discussion doesn't seem to be going anywhere at the point.  Perhaps
> we
> can drop it?
> 
>     The decision of MUST/SHOULD is up to the working group to recommend in
> its
> spec, and Jari will reflect that decision when he produces the final spec.
> The consensus that has been recorded so far is MUST for HAO processing, MUST
> for
> BE processing, SHOULD for RO support (although it's not listed in the
> node/host/
> routers requirements section, 9.1 says it SHOULD be supported by all nodes).
> We'll
> look at the recent thread before determing whether the earlier consensus of
> MUST for
> HAO and BE processing are still intact.
> 
>     When MIP sends the spec up to the IESG for approval, we'll let the NG
> working
> group know the summary of the requirements that the MIP working group has
> recommended.
> 
> Phil
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: itojun@iijlab.net [mailto:itojun@iijlab.net]
> > Sent: Tuesday, July 23, 2002 3:29 PM
> > To: Vijay Devarapalli
> > Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
> >
> >
> > >but I keep hearing from the KAME folks again and again
> > >"we already have IPv6 implementations which do not understand
> > >HAO, we dont want HAO mandated" (which makes no sense to me).
> >
> >       MUST for HAO is self-contradictory at best.  if HAO is
> > a MUST, we don't
> >       need bidir-tunnel (since it won't be used).  if we have
> > bidir-tunnel,
> >       HAO is okay with SHOULD.
> >
> >       i don't want a pie-throwing match, but it seems that
> > you want it...
> >       i keep hearing from you "we can ignore currently-deployed IPv6
> >       codebase" which is total nonsense (or total ignorance
> > of the current
> >       situation) to me.  IPv6 is not a toy in your lab any
> > more.  we have
> >       people depend on it, we have serious IPv6 commercial
> > network operation.
> >
> >       i suggest to leave the SHOULD/MUST decision to jari,
> > the main editor.
> >
> > itojun
> > --------------------------------------------------------------------
> > IETF IPng Working Group Mailing List
> > IPng Home Page:                      http://playground.sun.com/ipng
> > FTP archive:                      ftp://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng
> > Direct all administrative requests to majordomo@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > --------------------------------------------------------------------
> >


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From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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>
> >So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
> >802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should
> >do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
> >layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
> >defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
> >on the IP layer.
>
> I do not believe anyone is proposing doing that.
>

I agree that fmipv6 over 802.11 is a good exercise. What
is not clear to me is why this necessarily needs to be done
as a separate PS. The base spec can have a section describing
this. In fact, tunnel establishment subsequent to link establishment
is a proposed feature in v05: I agree better formatting is needed.

>
> >
> >Does this make sense to anyone ?
> >I wish we had a show of hands during the meeting but
> >there was no time to discuss it, because I don't think
> >the WG is very divided on this actually.
>
> I tend to agree. There are a few issues on which people have some
> strong opinions, but the general consensus on the approach to fast HOs
> is far greater.
>

I agree.

-Rajeev


>
> >
> >Hesham
> >
> -Basavaraj



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
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Hi,

From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>

> thanks Phil. this approach sounds good.

I agree, too.

We have had enough discussion and I am almost satisfied (though the
discussion have not closed yet, but this is not a prpblem).  Many
people insist their opinion, almost all WG members hear them, and the
chairmen and the editors have got enough information to go forward.

Thoughout the discussion, it seems to me that the IPv6 WG will not
accept the mip6 draft if the HAO/BE requirements are MUST.  Even if we
leave them with MUST (of course we can, the decision can be done in
the mip WG inside), I think that the IESG never pass it.  This creates
another delay for the standard process of the mip6.

I think we can leave the text for HAO/BE to the editors and wait for
the new draft.


Best Regards,

---
Keiichi SHIMA
IIJ Research Laboratory <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
KAME Project <keiichi@kame.net>


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To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <23BDB0046F3ED51185CD0002A5608D240531CEFE@zrc2c009.us.nortel.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: Implications of Route Optimization
Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2002 10:59:30 +0900
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Implications of Route OptimizationPekka Savola wrote: 
> Assuming CN is in ISP 1's network, MN is vising ISP 2's 
> network and HA is 
> in ISP 3's network. 
> 
> Your argument was, if I got it right, that route optimizations is bad 
> because traffic is between ISP 1 and ISP 2 so ISP 3 does not 
> get revenue. 
> 
> This seems ridiculous.  
> 

Good Indication!. 
However, the route optimization MUST be supported in MIPv6 
in order to reduce traffic amount within global Internet and alleviate the HA's loads.
The abovementioned problem can be solved by serveral methods.
I suggest one simple method.
ISP3 has HA, which manages binding infomation about the MN.
Whether the MN setups route optimization with a CN or not, the MN sends BU to the HA.
Therefore, ISP3 checks the period of binding management, and can get revenue from the checking list.

Youn-Hee Han
Sansung AIT



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 24 00:19:59 2002
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Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2002 13:16:37 +0900
Message-ID: <y7vlm81iwuy.wl@ocean.jinmei.org>
From: JINMEI Tatuya / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCP0BMQEMjOkgbKEI=?=
 <jinmei@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp>
To: Keiichi SHIMA / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCRWc3RDBsGyhC?= <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
Cc: vijayd@iprg.nokia.com, PRoberts@MEGISTO.com, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
In-Reply-To: <20020724.103728.75347084.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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>>>>> On Wed, 24 Jul 2002 10:37:28 +0900 (JST), 
>>>>> Keiichi SHIMA <keiichi@iij.ad.jp> said:

>> thanks Phil. this approach sounds good.

> I agree, too.

I basically agree, too.  A few points:

>>     When MIP sends the spec up to the IESG for approval, we'll let the NG
>> working
>> group know the summary of the requirements that the MIP working group has
>> recommended.

The ipv6 wg members will check the next draft and will make comments
on it when it is out , not only at the point of the IESG approval.
The ipv6 wg members will also make comments at the mip wg last call
(since the last call will be announced to the members as well), and at
the IETF last call, especially if they have objections to the draft.

> Thoughout the discussion, it seems to me that the IPv6 WG will not
> accept the mip6 draft if the HAO/BE requirements are MUST.  Even if we
> leave them with MUST (of course we can, the decision can be done in
> the mip WG inside), I think that the IESG never pass it.  This creates
> another delay for the standard process of the mip6.

I'm not sure if this is really the case (because we cannot tell all
about the future), but I'm 99% sure that many ipv6 wg members will
make objections to the MUST.  And, the objections will surely
introduce additional delay to standardize mip6.  (I'm not talking
about my own position about the MUST vs SHOULD, but talking about a
story that will be very likely to happen, by observing the discussions
so far.)

So, I hope the next draft will consider the various tradeoffs among
ideal solutions to MNs, effects to CNs (both existing and future
ones), and the standardization/deployment schedule.

Again, I agree the ball is now in the mip wg and we should wait for
the next draft.

					JINMEI, Tatuya
					Communication Platform Lab.
					Corporate R&D Center, Toshiba Corp.
					jinmei@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 24 02:11:06 2002
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Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2002 09:09:40 +0300 (EEST)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Kuntal Chowdhury <chowdury@nortelnetworks.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Implications of Route Optimization
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On Tue, 23 Jul 2002, Kuntal Chowdhury wrote:
> Pekka Savola wrote:
> > Assuming CN is in ISP 1's network, MN is vising ISP 2's 
> > network and HA is 
> > in ISP 3's network.
> > 
> > Your argument was, if I got it right, that route optimizations is bad 
> > because traffic is between ISP 1 and ISP 2 so ISP 3 does not 
> > get revenue.
> > 
> > This seems ridiculous.  
> 
> Consider the scenario where ISP 3 (Home domain of the user) does volume 
> based accounting i.e. byte counts. The visited domain (ISP 2) does
> not support volume based accounting. Therefore the home domain assigns 
> an AAA client in a router (which may well be the HA) which is guaranteed to 
> be in the data path. Reverse tunneling is enforced by the home domain to 
> ensure that the all the  data to/from the user pass through the home 
> domain. Now the user performs RO with the CN. The CN starts sending data
> directly to the MN bypassing the home domain. Therefore the byte counts
> in the AAA client in the home domain will not be accurate.

What is the purpose of byte counts?  Most often to see how many bytes have 
been transferred to the node in the specified network.  In Route 
Optimization case, such byte counts are close to zero.  I see no reason to 
artificially try to create these byte counts.  Only the node and the 
networks it visit know how much traffic is used.

> > What makes you think that the TEed route between the CN and the MN 
> > (i.e. Chicago -> Miami -> Dallas) will be a slow path? 
> 
> > The speed of light is a constant.
> 
> It seems the assumption is that the link between CN and the MN is an optical
> link. 

Similar restrictios apply to non-optical links too.  The main factor is 
the length of the link.

[...]
> Say CN is in site A, MN in site B and HA in site C. Say the link between 
> site A and B is OC-48, older fiber type 'USF' and no EDFAs. However the
> A -> C -> B is OC-192, newer fiber 'NZDF' with EDFAs. Also the number of 3Rs
> between A -> B is more than the number of 3Rs for the link A -> C -> B. 
> Therefore the link speed, quality and available bandwidth will be far better
> 
> for A -> C -> B than A -> B. 
> Now if the MN performs RO, then it will end up shifting the traffic from
> a better link (A -> C -> B) to a worse link (A -> B). This will be the case
> when the link A -> B is not congested. 
> When the link between A -> B is congested, and TE is implemented, the
> traffic may be shifted back to the original link A- > C -> B. That will have
> the opposite effect of RO.
> I hope it is clear now that the speed of light is not the limiting factor
> for a 
> light path. 

If the sites choose to prefer A -> B path instead of A -> C -> B (and they 
can easily do so, if they want), it's their choice.

> Moreover performing RO w/o knowledge of the network topology
> and constraints does not guarantee good results.

I agree that RO is sometimes not worth the effort, but where optimized 
path would be worse seem to be just corner cases to me.

> The shortest path may not be the best/fastest path even in stable scenarios.
> It depends on the factors listed above for the light paths.

By 'shortest path' I mean the path that the network admins have chosen to 
be the best path to other site X.  It does not necessarily have to 
physically the shortest one, of course.  But it does not usually go 
through third parties either, though.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "Tell me of difficulties surmounted,
Netcore Oy                   not those you stumble over and fall"
Systems. Networks. Security.  -- Robert Jordan: A Crown of Swords





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 24 08:28:13 2002
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From: Leelavathy.S@lntinfotech.com
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Agent solicitation
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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I need some clarification regarding sending of Agent solicitation message.

Let us consider a mobile node moving from a home link to foreign link.
The home link and foreign link are two different access networks.
The Mobile node till the time it hasnt received any agent advertisement
message from the Foreign agent.
So when the Mobile node knows that it has come to foreign link(by
link-layer mobility management)
has to obtain either Care -of -address or Co-located address,in either case
the Mobile node cannot initiate
a Agent solicitation because if the mobile node sends any packet with its
home ip address in the IP source addres
field,other mobile nodes in the foreign link might be confused updating the
IP address of the new mobile node in their
ARP table..

So does this mean that this mobile node has no other way other than waiting
for Agent advertisement from
the foreign agent?


Thanks
Leelavathy




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From: "Alan O'Neill" <A.ONeill@flarion.com>
To: "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast
Date: Sat, 20 Jul 2002 05:52:53 -0400
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Thanks Eric,

The mist is clearing...

-----Original Message-----
From: Erik Nordmark [mailto:Erik.Nordmark@sun.com]
Sent: 17 July 2002 20:09
To: Alan O'Neill
Cc: 'Erik Nordmark'; 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Issue 63: Multicast



> However, it is not clear at the moment whether foreign network multicast
> should ultimately use the the CoA or the HoA as the source address, so we
> should do that work before giving the MN the option of origination into
the
> foreign system because of forwards compatibility.

The current archiecture requires that the CoA is used as a source when
sending multicast packets on the foreign link and the HoA when reverse
tunneling them through the HA. An example of this architecture is
this statement in draft-ietf-ipv6-default-addr-select:
   For multicast and link-local destination addresses, the set of 
   candidate source addresses MUST only include addresses assigned to 
   interfaces belonging to the same link as the outgoing interface. 

(And, as an aside, the precense of ingress filtering routers
apply the same restriction to unicast packets from mobile nodes
that are away from home).

AWO> Sure - I fully appreciate that the present barriers to using the HoA as
a foreign multicast source address are significant and hence why I am not
suggesting adding that to the spec. These barriers additionally include the
RPF check of course. Note though that hybrid multicast does not break either
requirement, but again I also have some concerns with adding that to the
spec. My only concern is whether the use of the CoA in MIPv6 should be
allowed in the base spec given the thrashing risk which you comment on
below. The current architecture of IPv6 allows the CoA address and is fine
because their is no mobility. My concern is limited to MIPv6 which has its
own additional architecture given that mobility, and I believe the draft 18
architecture has problems that are of concern. IPv6 also has a routing
header but in the case of mobility a special type header was needed
instead..mobility changes things.. So all I am requesting here is that draft
18 be amended if there is a problem, and as has happened before, IPv6
architecture should not just be accepted within MIPv6 without consideration
of new mobility specific problems...In addition, IPv6 architecture will
change as we learn more..I should also mention that given this issue also
exists for MIPv4, there is less of an 'architectural' barrier there because
the MN is not prohibited in IPv4 from using the HoA as a source address on a
foreign link.

Perhaps there are possible future architectures that do not have
these constraints, and perhaps it makes sense exploring them to
provide different performance for multicast for MNs. But I suspect
this would result in added total complexity to the system.
The point is that the draft is about the current architecture.

AWO> And I certainly do not want to add additional complexity unless it is
necessary..But I would rather have some additional complexity than a useless
or unstable feature, in the same way that RR complexity had to be added to
RO for different but important reasons.

> I don't understand how a potential thrashing problem can be allowed to
> progress through the base spec. Maybe you don't believe this exists, or is
> that you believe we can trust vendors and operators to do the right thing
?

I don't understand why mobility creates a unique problem here. 
IP traffic is known to be bursty, thus the multicast routing system needs 
to be able to deal with bursty sources on widely varying time scales.
A mobile node moving around and using the CoA as the source just looks
like multiple (bursty) sources that are not moving.

AWO> Ok - so lets concentrate on this point, so that the wg can agree if
there is, or is not, a problem. We can then come back to discuss / address
the barriers wrt solving it. I have a couple of other jobs I have to get
done first (other MIPwg stuff) and then I'll send some e-mails explaining
where this is similar yet very different from the bursty source problem in
conjunction with different multicast protocols. I'll also copy in some
multicast experts so we can ensure we isolate the correct issues and get
best advice on progression. I hope that is ok.

> Clarifying this would help...Maybe this could alternatively be addressed
> with some applicability words that specifically does not rule out hybrid
or
> otheruses of the HoA as a foreign multicast source address ?

Using the HoA as source on the visited link doesn't work due to RPF checks 
in the current archiecture as you already pointed out.

AWO> Absolutely..no disagreement here. The hybrid approach might though give
us a working feature..and if none of these work then we have to either
restrict the base spec, add applicability stuff and/or fix the
architecture(s)..

Regards, Alan.

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 24 18:18:04 2002
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From: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2002 15:12:57 -0700 (PDT)
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@IPRG.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
In-Reply-To: <3D325097.5000406@kolumbus.fi>
References: <200207150133.g6F1XSGF060243@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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Sorry to take so long to get around to this...

Jari Arkko writes:
 > The question is: do we first encapsulate in an IPv6 tunnel due to
 > normal MIPv6 tunneling principles and then apply IPsec, or do we
 > first apply IPsec and only then check if MIPv6 tunneling is
 > necessary?

   IMO, it should be IP6+MIP+ESP since MIP is essentially
   a routing layer construct. Also: there's no need to
   ever protect the MIP IP-IP tunnel header itself.

 > If we do the former, I'm not sure how we can make the SPD
 > entries specific enough so that they would match only the MH
 > messages, but leave rest of traffic in the clear. Can IPsec
 > SPD entries see through the tunnel header?

   Do we actually care? What are the chances that somebody
   would go through the motions of setting up a tunnel *only*
   for MIP BU traffic? It seems pretty clear to me that 
   VPN+HA is going to be a very popular combination for
   road warriors trying to get past the corporate
   edge. Or am I misreading this?

   Also: IMO the longer term solution here is to
   allow IPsec tunnels to be used instead of IP-IP
   tunnels to get rid of the redundant tunnel
   layer. (backward compatible, yadda yadda).

		    Mike


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 24 23:39:19 2002
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From: "Raymond Jayaraj" <jraymond@cwc.nus.edu.sg>
To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>,
        "Phil Roberts" <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 2002 11:36:19 +0800
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Hi guys,

Sorry to barge in like this, being a nobody in this field. But I'd
like to voice my opinion on this issue, as I have some GSM protocol=20
stack development background, and my current field of work involves=20
developing an optimised tunnel-based, contextful handover protocol for
research purposes.

Setting aside political constraints, I think the FMIPv6 draft can=20
benefit from specifying a framework for a very generic Layer-3=20
Wireless Link Management (WLM) protocol between the MN and AR that can
operate over most cellular access technologies.

I had submitted a draft that introduces the WLM framework (specified
as Handover Management there) for seamless, anticipative and=20
contextful handover using the tunnel-based FMIPv6 approach. Although=20
this draft is geared towards 802.11 type network, I think it can be=20
applied to most cases. Details on the draft as follows -

Abstract:
This document describes how the use of MN originated cell-search list=20
indications, which carry signal level and signal quality measurements=20
of access points in the immediate vicinity of the mobile node, can=20
assist in a handover scheme that factors in seamlessness, target=20
router selection, context transfer and resource usage information.

URL:
http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-rjaya-seamoby-cslist-ind-00.=
txt

I would be glad to hear any comments on this proposal from you guys.

Cheers,
Raymond Jayaraj



----- Original Message -----=20
From: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
To: <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>
Cc: <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, July 24, 2002 6:11 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast handovers - proposal for moving forward


> >
> > >So, to this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over
> > >802.11 doc is needed. But I definitely don't think we should
> > >do a different IP layer protocol standardised for each link
> > >layer. I believe it is unnecessary, let alone
> > >defeats the purpose of doing any fast handover scheme
> > >on the IP layer.
> >
> > I do not believe anyone is proposing doing that.
> >
>=20
> I agree that fmipv6 over 802.11 is a good exercise. What
> is not clear to me is why this necessarily needs to be done
> as a separate PS. The base spec can have a section describing
> this. In fact, tunnel establishment subsequent to link establishment
> is a proposed feature in v05: I agree better formatting is needed.
>=20
> >
> > >
> > >Does this make sense to anyone ?
> > >I wish we had a show of hands during the meeting but
> > >there was no time to discuss it, because I don't think
> > >the WG is very divided on this actually.
> >
> > I tend to agree. There are a few issues on which people have some
> > strong opinions, but the general consensus on the approach to fast =
HOs
> > is far greater.
> >
>=20
> I agree.
>=20
> -Rajeev
>=20
>=20
> >
> > >
> > >Hesham
> > >
> > -Basavaraj
>=20

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2920.0" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Hi guys,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Sorry to barge in like this, =
being a nobody=20
in this field. But I'd</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>like to </FONT><FONT =
face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>voice my opinion on this issue, as I have&nbsp;some GSM =
protocol=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>stack development </FONT><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>background, and my current field of =
work&nbsp;involves=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>developing an optimised =
tunnel-based,=20
contextful handover protocol for</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>research purposes.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Setting aside political =
constraints, I=20
think the FMIPv6 draft can </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>benefit from&nbsp;specifying a =
framework=20
for a very generic </FONT><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Layer-3 =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Wireless Link </FONT><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Management </FONT><FONT face=3D"Courier =
New"=20
size=3D2>(WLM) protocol between the MN and AR that can</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>operate over most cellular =
access=20
technologies.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>I had submitted a=20
draft&nbsp;that&nbsp;introduces the WLM&nbsp;framework =
(specified</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>as Handover Management there) =
for seamless,=20
</FONT><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>anticipative and =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>contextful </FONT><FONT =
face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>handover using the tunnel-based FMIPv6&nbsp;</FONT><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>approach. </FONT><FONT face=3D"Courier =
New"=20
size=3D2>Although </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>this draft is </FONT><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>geared towards 802.11 type network, =
</FONT><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>I think it can be </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>applied to most </FONT><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>cases. Details on the draft as =
</FONT><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>follows -</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Abstract:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>This document describes how the =
use of MN=20
originated cell-search&nbsp;list </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>indications, which carry signal =
level=20
</FONT><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>and signal quality =
measurements=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>of access points in the =
immediate=20
</FONT><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>vicinity of the&nbsp;mobile =
node, can=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>assist in a handover scheme =
that=20
</FONT><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>factors in seamlessness, =
target=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>router </FONT><FONT =
face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>selection, context transfer and&nbsp;resource usage=20
information.<BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>URL:</DIV></FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-rjaya-seamoby-cslist=
-ind-00.txt">http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-rjaya-seamoby-c=
slist-ind-00.txt</A></FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>I would be glad to hear any =
comments on=20
this proposal from you guys.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Cheers,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Raymond Jayaraj</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>----- Original Message ----- =
</FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>From: "Rajeev Koodli" =
&lt;</FONT><A=20
href=3D"mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com"><FONT face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>rajeev@iprg.nokia.com</FONT></A><FONT face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>&gt;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>To: &lt;</FONT><A=20
href=3D"mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com"><FONT face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com</FONT></A><FONT face=3D"Courier New"=20
size=3D2>&gt;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Cc: &lt;</FONT><A=20
href=3D"mailto:hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se"><FONT face=3D"Courier =
New"=20
size=3D2>hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se</FONT></A><FONT face=3D"Courier =
New"=20
size=3D2>&gt;; &lt;</FONT><A =
href=3D"mailto:mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com"><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" =
size=3D2>mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com</FONT></A><FONT=20
face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>&gt;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Sent: Wednesday, July 24, 2002 =
6:11=20
AM</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast =
handovers -=20
proposal for moving forward</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; =
&gt; &gt;So, to=20
this extent, I think that an FMIPv6 over<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;802.11 doc is =
needed.=20
But I definitely don't think we should<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;do a different =
IP layer=20
protocol standardised for each link<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;layer. I believe it =
is=20
unnecessary, let alone<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;defeats the purpose of doing any =
fast=20
handover scheme<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;on the IP layer.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; =
&gt; I do=20
not believe anyone is proposing doing that.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; =
<BR>&gt; I=20
agree that fmipv6 over 802.11 is a good exercise. What<BR>&gt; is not =
clear to=20
me is why this necessarily needs to be done<BR>&gt; as a separate PS. =
The base=20
spec can have a section describing<BR>&gt; this. In fact, tunnel =
establishment=20
subsequent to link establishment<BR>&gt; is a proposed feature in v05: I =
agree=20
better formatting is needed.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; =
&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
&gt; &gt;Does this make sense to anyone ?<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;I wish we had =
a show=20
of hands during the meeting but<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;there was no time to =
discuss=20
it, because I don't think<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;the WG is very divided on =
this=20
actually.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; I tend to agree. There are a few =
issues on=20
which people have some<BR>&gt; &gt; strong opinions, but the general =
consensus=20
on the approach to fast HOs<BR>&gt; &gt; is far greater.<BR>&gt; =
&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
<BR>&gt; I agree.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; -Rajeev<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt;=20
&gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;Hesham<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; =
&gt;=20
-Basavaraj<BR>&gt; </FONT></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_00B5_01C233CF.7E777500--



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Subject: [mobile-ip] ACM Workshop of Wireless Security (WiSE) [in conjuntion with
  ACM MobiCom'02]
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Multiple Copies of this Announcement
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

                         Call for Participation

                ACM Workshop on Wireless Security (WiSe)

                        in conjunction with
                         ACM MobiCom 2002

                        September 28, 2002
                       Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A.

                  http://www.crhc.uiuc.edu/~nhv/wise

                       Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE

A workshop on wireless security will be held in conjunction with
ACM MobiCom 2002. The objective of this workshop is to bring together
researchers from research communities in wireless networking,
security, and dependability, with the goal of fostering interaction among
them. With the increasing reliance on wireless networks, issues related to
secure and dependable operation of such networks are gaining importance.

For registration information, please visit http://www.crhc.uiuc.edu/~nhv/wise

Preliminary Program
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paper Session 1 (8:30 - 10:00 a.m.)

Securing Ad-Hoc Routing Protocols,
     M. Guerrero Zapata and N. Asokan (Nokia Research Center, Finland)

Self-Organized Network Layer Security in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,
     H. Yang, X. Meng and S. Lu (University of California at Los Angeles)

An On-Demand Secure Routing Protocol Resilent to Byzantine Failures,
     B. Awerbuch, D. Holmer, C. Nita-Rotaru and H. Rubens
     (Johns Hopkins University)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paper Session 2 (10:30 a.m. - 12:00 noon)

Survivable Mobile Wireless Networks: Issues, Challenges, and Research
Directions,
     R. Krishnan, R. Rosales Hain, A. W. Jackson, D. Levin, R. Ramanathan,
J. Zao and
     J. P. G. Sterbenz (BBN Technologies)

Secure Wireless Gateway,
     A. Godber and P. Dasgupta (Arizona State University)

DoS and Authentication in Wireless Public Access Networks,
     D. B. Faria and D. R. Cheriton (Stanford University)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Poster session (1:00 - 2:15 p.m.)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Perspectives from Funding Agencies (2:15 - 3:00)

Information Assurance and Research Opportunities,
     D. Maughan, Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency

Title to be announced
     T. Znati, National Science Foundation and University of Pittsburgh

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paper Session 3 (3:30 - 5:30)

A Distributed Monitoring Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks,
     C.-F. Hsin and M. Liu (University of Michigan at Ann Arbor)

Using Signal Processing to Analyze Wireless Data Traffic,
     C. Partridge, D. Cousins, A. W. Jackson, R. Krishnan, T. Saxena, and
     W. T. Strayer (BBN Technologies)

Securing IPv6 Neighor Discovery,
     J. Arkko (Ericsson Research NomadicLab), T. Aura (DoCoMoLabs U.S.A.),
     J. Kempf (Microsoft Research Cambridge),
     V.-M. Mantyla, P. Nikander (Ericsson Research NomadicLab) and M. Roe
(DoCoMoLabs USA.)

Performance Analysis of Elliptic Curve Cryptography for SSL,
     V. Gupta, S. Gupta, Sh. Chang and D. Stebila (Sun Microsystems)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 25 17:38:36 2002
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Message-ID: <3D406FA5.6680BE72@hp.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 2002 17:37:41 -0400
From: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
Organization: Tru64 UNIX Networking
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To: mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] MH type field
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I was wondering why the MH type field (Section 6.1.1, draft 18) was 16 bits
and not 8 bits.  I couldn't find any other IPv6 header that had a type larger
than 8 bits, and I don't think we'll ever have 65535 types.  Should this be
changed to 8 bits for type and 8 bits reserved?  This also saves a nthos()
for those of us on certain-endian machines, not that 3 assembly instructions
is buying me anything :)

-Brian



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 25 20:37:19 2002
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Message-ID: <022b01c2343b$932efc40$a66015ac@AlperVAIO>
From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
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References: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E07862437@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 2002 17:29:59 -0700
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Hello Ajoy,

> Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> performance differences.
> 
> Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and 
> argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> time ? 

Yes of course.

> As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> of handover failure will increase. 

This statement by itself also make sense...

But, the question is how much difference does it make?
Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is 
why I was asking if your statements were based on 
FMIPv6 experiments...

Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
get before the link is broken without any anticipation? 
I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to 
exchange some messages. Is there a window
in which L3 can exchange packets?


> I do not think this has 
> anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> similar behavior in either case. 

But there is more... A fundamental difference between
FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
determine when the routing should change.. And this
should make a difference in the observed performance..

alper




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From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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CC: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Ajoy, Alper,

I have few questions for you.

1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
     new AR ? I see the following possibilities
a) PrRtAdv provides this
b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA

How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
provides such information? Isn't this at best a recommendation
to future L2 designers ? In any case, can we specify that
the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?

2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
    on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
    FBU ? I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
    forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU. Doing
    forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
    proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
    exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
    L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
    traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all possible
    link layers ?

These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
would like to know what you and others think.

Regards,

-Rajeev




"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:

> Hello Ajoy,
>
> > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> > performance differences.
> >
> > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > time ?
>
> Yes of course.
>
> > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > of handover failure will increase.
>
> This statement by itself also make sense...
>
> But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> why I was asking if your statements were based on
> FMIPv6 experiments...
>
> Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> exchange some messages. Is there a window
> in which L3 can exchange packets?
>
> > I do not think this has
> > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > similar behavior in either case.
>
> But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> determine when the routing should change.. And this
> should make a difference in the observed performance..
>
> alper



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 25 21:47:54 2002
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Date: Thu, 25 Jul 2002 18:50:08 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: closing issue 48, identifying link changes and prev-coa
To: jari.arkko@piuha.net, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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        vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
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Hi Jari,

I am catching up with emails after a long vacation, sorry for the
delay in replying. Has this issue been closed already ?

Here is what I think:



> We also discussed whether it makes sense to keep the previous coa 
functionality in the
> draft at all, and the application of SEND techniques in this space. We also 
noted that
> we don't enough experience to say exactly how security policies can be 
configured for the
> prev coa forwarding to work, and we are not sure it is practical to configure 
per MN SAs
> on the routers on the places you might be moving in.
> 

I agree with this. In terms of initial deployment, I believe, it's not very
practical idea considering the security association aspects of MN and the
temporary HAs on the previously visited link.

In order to simplify the base MIPv6 protocol, could we move this item to the
appendix section ? When we gain more experience, we can either drop this
item or develop a separate draft on this mechanism. Your proposal to deal
with default router change in the link sounds fine to me. But, the whole thing
can move to the appendix section for simplicity, IMHO.


Thanks,
-Samita


> I have a primary proposal on how to go forward. This is based on the 
observation that
> the original situation isn't very typical, so we shouldn't try to optimize it. 
It is
> sufficient to ensure that nothing horrible happens. So, we don't care even if 
the forwarding
> from previous coa would fail in this situation, or if some unnessary tunneling 
would take
> place. As long as the current coa works well and nothing breaks in the old 
coa, we are happy.
> Forwarding from previous coa should of course work in the usual case when you 
actually move to
> another link.
> 
> The proposal is that we allow MNs to request forwarding from previous CoA.
> We do not require them to be aware that they might possibly be on the same
> link due to one of the routers no longer being a default router. What happens
> then is that forwarding-from-previous-coa is requested. We require the 'D'
> and 'L' bits to be set in such BUs. This leads the HA to run DAD, which should
> fail as the link local address is still in use on the same physical link.
> Then, no forwarding will be done. (But this is fine, as the packets will
> normally come to the link anyway.)
> 
> Does this work for everyone? (A possible backup proposal:
> drop this functionality and deal with it in another spec.)
> 
> Jari
> 



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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hi Rajeev,

Let me make an attempt to answer your questions.

> 1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>      new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> a) PrRtAdv provides this
> b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
>
> How can you avoid PrRtAdv ?

Please see CARID in draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt.
While MN is still connected to the oAR, it can request
a table that maps L2 id of access points to L2/L3 ids of
access routers. Than, after the movement MN learns
the L2 id of the AP, and performs a table lookup for AR
information.

The difference between PrRtAdv and CARID is that the
latter can happen any time before handover, not necessarily
right before handover or upon anticipation.


> Can we assume that L2 trigger
> provides the necessary information ?

Nope.

> Which L2 trigger today
> provides such information?

I'm not aware of any...

> Isn't this at best a recommendation
> to future L2 designers ?

I personally wouldn't recommend
providing this L3 information via L2 signaling.

> In any case, can we specify that
> the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?
>
> 2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
>     on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
>     FBU ? I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
>     forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU.

I agree.

> Doing
>     forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
>     proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
>     exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
>     L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
>     traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all possible
>     link layers ?

IMO, we should stay in the boundaries of Mobile IP model
and only allow explicite BUs change routing state...
IP can receive help from L2 though, in the form of L2
suggesting a BU be sent, or L2 suggesting precise time
of routing change once AR/MN decided to do so.

alper

>
> These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
> would like to know what you and others think.
>
> Regards,
>
> -Rajeev
>
>
>
>
> "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
>
> > Hello Ajoy,
> >
> > > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> > > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> > > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> > > performance differences.
> > >
> > > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> > > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > > time ?
> >
> > Yes of course.
> >
> > > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > > of handover failure will increase.
> >
> > This statement by itself also make sense...
> >
> > But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> > Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> > why I was asking if your statements were based on
> > FMIPv6 experiments...
> >
> > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> >
> > > I do not think this has
> > > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > > similar behavior in either case.
> >
> > But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> > FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> > registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> > This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> > advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> > determine when the routing should change.. And this
> > should make a difference in the observed performance..
> >
> > alper
>
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Jul 25 22:56:12 2002
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From: "Raymond Jayaraj" <jraymond@cwc.nus.edu.sg>
To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 10:54:48 +0800
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Just a 2 cents worth from ppl other than you guys discussing this
issue:

> 1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>      new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> a) PrRtAdv provides this
> b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
> 
> How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
> provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
> provides such information? Isn't this at best a recommendation
> to future L2 designers ? In any case, can we specify that
> the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?

a) PrRtAdv is a L3 element. It should not be carried over L2 messaging.
b) L2 designers should not have to know what L3 is. 
c) Whenever a handoff involves L3, messaging should be done at L3.
d) We need L3 handoff messaging to carry L2 information.

Regards,
Raymond



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From: Leelavathy.S@lntinfotech.com
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Subject: [mobile-ip] MIP-Agent solicitation
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Dear all,

I had posted a message 2 days back.

I havent got any clarification on the same so far.
Someone Please do help me on the following issue.

I need some clarification regarding sending of Agent solicitation message.

Let us consider a mobile node moving from a home link to foreign link.
The home link and foreign link are two different access networks.
The Mobile node till the time it hasnt received any agent advertisement
message from the Foreign agent.
So when the Mobile node knows that it has come to foreign link(by
link-layer mobility management)
has to obtain either Care -of -address or Co-located address,in either case
the Mobile node cannot initiate
a Agent solicitation because if the mobile node sends any packet with its
home ip address in the IP source addres
field,other mobile nodes in the foreign link might be confused updating the
IP address of the new mobile node in their
ARP table..

So does this mean that this mobile node has no other way other than waiting
for Agent advertisement from
the foreign agent?


Thanks
Leelavathy




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 00:59:30 2002
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From: Joseph Soma Reddy <soma@cwc.ucsd.edu>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello all,
I would like to point out that mobility protocol should not
only ensure routing to mobile hosts, it should be able to
support macrodiversity(i.e. soft handoff) which is very
important in cdma systems. Macrodiversity is already being
incorporated in systems like HDR(High Data Rate system from
Qualcomm) where the mobile can move between different
cell sectors before receiving each packet. With a good
mobility scheme, it is possible to extend this and enable
the mobile to handoff quickly between BS, which can result
in coverage and capacity increase.

I have addressed this issue in a recent draft
("macrodiversity in IP based cellular networks"
available at http://cwc.ucsd.edu/~soma ).
The main conclusions were that the mobile should be able to
handoff as soon as channel conditions changes(i.e. post-reg
handoff) and that it should be possible to handoff without
requiring any over-the-air signalling.
I am concerned that the v5 draft provides for these
mechanisms only as error conditions.

Another concern I have with respect to anticipated handoffs
is that it seems to place requirements on the physical/link
layers with respect to how channel conditions change(i.e. it
assumes that they change gradually enough to be anticipated).
This is not necessarily true even in current systems. For
example, the so called "street corner effect" occurs in dense
urban areas where the base stations are mounted on poletops.
The coverage of these BS extends linearly(along a block) rather
than omnidirectionally. A mobile user who turns a street corner
in such an environment will lose line-of-sight with current BS
and enter line-of-sight of another BS. This causes a sudden handoff
which can only be handled by post-reg type of mobility.
These type of situations are common in micro-cellular
networks which will become more common in future
as increased demand for capacity is met by reducing cell
size.

Comments are appreciated.

Regards,
Joseph







From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 02:34:16 2002
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From: Gaurav.Puri@lntinfotech.com
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Subject: [mobile-ip] draft 18 and  "S" bit  funda
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.5  September 22, 2000
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hi,
   MN will set the 'L' bit in the binding update when it knows that its
home address has been
formed using its own interface id which implies that its interface id is
unique in its home subnet.
   So if 'L' bit is set,  doing DAD for its link local address only is
enough.Why do DAD for
all possible MN's addresses?

cheers
  gaurav





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 03:02:46 2002
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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 10:01:57 +0300
From: Bjorn Andersson <bjorn@lifix.fi>
To: Leelavathy.S@lntinfotech.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIP-Agent solicitation
Message-ID: <20020726070157.GB3282@lifix.fi>
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On Fri, Jul 26 2002, at 09:03:17 +0530, Leelavathy.S@lntinfotech.com wrote:
> Let us consider a mobile node moving from a home link to foreign link.
> The home link and foreign link are two different access networks.
> The Mobile node till the time it hasnt received any agent advertisement
> message from the Foreign agent.
> So when the Mobile node knows that it has come to foreign link(by
> link-layer mobility management)
> has to obtain either Care -of -address or Co-located address,in either case
> the Mobile node cannot initiate
> a Agent solicitation because if the mobile node sends any packet with its
> home ip address in the IP source addres
> field,other mobile nodes in the foreign link might be confused updating the
> IP address of the new mobile node in their
> ARP table..

The Agent soliciation message should have the MN's home address
as source address. Since sending the solicitation does not involve
sending any ARP messages, no ARP tables will be updated. Even if the
ARP table was modified for another MN it must not modify the routing
table of that MN. The MNs should route all their packets via the FA.

> So does this mean that this mobile node has no other way other than waiting
> for Agent advertisement from
> the foreign agent?

No, the MN can send a broadcast/multicast solicitation message at
any time and this will not confuse any standards compliant mobile node.

Hope this helps.

Regards,
Bjorn

-- 
Bjorn Andersson <bjorn@lifix.fi>                       +358 50 341 2556
Lifix Systems Oy <http://www.lifix.fi/>                 PGP id 5AFC144B
Innopoli 2, Tekniikantie 14, FIN-02150 Espoo


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 04:45:07 2002
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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 10:44:14 +0200
From: Peng Gao <gao@lkn.ei.tum.de>
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Moible IP and UDP tunneling problem
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  Hi,
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

I am a student at Technical University of Munich.  I am doing my thesis
named Mobile IP and NAPT Interaction.  I plan to set up a new UDP data
tunneling to go through the NAPT by Netfilter, but I meet a lot of 
problems now.

Firstly, could you please give me some advice about how to distinguish 
Registration
Reply from UDP data tunneling at Foreign Agent?  Since both are UDP
datagram, and have same IP Address and UDP Port.    I know maybe I can
check the payload of the datagram, but I am not sure which part I should
check.

Secondly,  I plan to write  a module for Home Agent, and the module stay 
outside of the normal Home Agent process.  That means before the HA 
process send out the IP-in-IP data tunneling, my module works and 
inserts the UDP header and make it to UDP data tunneling.  Now, I can 
not insert the UDP header correctly.  So, if you already did the same 
thing.  Could you please show me some source code about how to insert 
the UDP header?
 
I will really appreciate your helping me!

Best wishes!

Peng Gao




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From: "Henrik Levkowetz" <henrik@levkowetz.com>
To: "Peng Gao" <gao@lkn.ei.tum.de>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Moible IP and UDP tunneling problem
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 12:01:43 +0200
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Peng Gao,

	This sounds as if you are trying to do basically the same thing
which is described in the Mobile IP NAT traversal draft, but without
having read that particular document. Would you have a look at 

 http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-nat-traversal-05.txt

and see it that answers your questions?

	Regards,

		Henrik

On Friday, 26 July 2002, Peng Gao wrote:
> 
> I am a student at Technical University of Munich.  I am doing my thesis
> named Mobile IP and NAPT Interaction.  I plan to set up a new UDP data
> tunneling to go through the NAPT by Netfilter, but I meet a lot of 
> problems now.
> 
> Firstly, could you please give me some advice about how to distinguish 
> Registration
> Reply from UDP data tunneling at Foreign Agent?  Since both are UDP
> datagram, and have same IP Address and UDP Port.    I know maybe I can
> check the payload of the datagram, but I am not sure which part I should
> check.
> 
> Secondly,  I plan to write  a module for Home Agent, and the module stay 
> outside of the normal Home Agent process.  That means before the HA 
> process send out the IP-in-IP data tunneling, my module works and 
> inserts the UDP header and make it to UDP data tunneling.  Now, I can 
> not insert the UDP header correctly.  So, if you already did the same 
> thing.  Could you please show me some source code about how to insert 
> the UDP header?
>  
> I will really appreciate your helping me!
> 
> Best wishes!
> 
> Peng Gao
> 


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Mobile IP NAT/NAPT Traversal using UDP Tunnelling
	Author(s)	: H. Levkowetz, S. Vaarala
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-nat-traversal-05.txt
	Pages		: 33
	Date		: 25-Jul-02
	
Mobile IP's datagram tunnelling is incompatible with Network Address
Translation (NAT).  This document presents extensions to the Mobile
IP protocol and a tunnelling method which permits mobile nodes using
Mobile IP to operate in private address networks which are separated
from the public internet by NAT devices.  The NAT traversal is based
on using the Mobile IP Home Agent UDP port for encapsulated data
traffic.

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 08:52:05 2002
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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 12:30:47 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] The link-local address issue
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Perhaps someone could tell me why the DAD vs. DIIDD question
has relevance for this discussion? It seems to me that since the
link local prefix is the same in all locations, DAD vs. DIIDD
doesn't affect the behavior for link-local addresses. That is,
if the mobile node waits for reconfiguration after a collision,
it will do so for the address that is used both as a home and
foreign link-local address. But maybe I'm missing something...

If not, then I think the right thing to do would be to have the

MIPv6 specification require "resetting" all ND information
upon movement. That is, we'd forget the fact that we had collisions
in a previous location. We'd also forget the fact that we did
DAD for an address in the previous location, and would be
forced to do a new DAD... I think this would make the protocols
less vulnerable to local problems, whatever they might be.


Jari




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Last Call Review of draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt
References: <024c01c226d3$0488e2f0$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D2B7945.BBC13D09@iprg.nokia.com> <001301c22826$9b244930$4f6015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D2C6E2A.B1980D2C@iprg.nokia.com> <3D2F7058.2070406@kolumbus.fi> <3D2F7BD1.BCC68477@iprg.nokia.com> <00ed01c22a6d$66a47150$056015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D34EC10.6050006@eng.monash.edu.au>
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Greg Daley wrote:

> Hi All,
> 
> HMIPv6 uses Alt-coa extensively.
> 
> IMHO, sending should be optional, but processing should be
> mandated as part of MIPv6.
> 
> The decision then becomes choice by the MN to advertise
> a different CoA (which is what it really is for).

I think we have reached a conclusion on when to send it. It
appears that we can easily accommodate both MNs that know and
MNs that don't know what kind of IPsec they are running on top
of.

Anyways, this translates to the Alt-CoA being optional in the
packet, but mandatory to send in certain circumstances. And
it will also be mandatory to be processed when received. We'll
clarify this as well in the draft.

Jari





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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
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Kevin Miles wrote:

> Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
>>Works for me too. Let's prohibit it. Also, we need to worry
>>about the case where the prefixes change between S=0 reg & dereg.
>>So, my proposal is to define an S=0 dereg as a deregistration of
>>those addresses that were registered in the original S=0 reg. If no
>>such original S=0 reg was done, the HA will return a new BA
>>error code.


Updated proposal: If the registration was a S=1 and the de-registration
ues S=0, then this would be allowed and would mean de-registering the
single address originally registered. This will avoid an extra
error code.


>>Finally, in a S=0 rereg we could implicitly dereg all address whose
>>prefixes have disappeared between the reg & dereg. This appears
>>unnecessary, though, as the HA would not allow the lifetime to exceed
>>the prefix lifetimes. But this should be noted in the draft to make it
>>clear.
>
> While you're there, you might also want to note the intended DAD behaviour upon
> receipt of a S=0 rereg when new prefixes have appeared. Presumably, you DAD and
> defend the new addresses when the rereg BU arrives, and not before. That is, you
> do not do it immediately the applicable prefixes come into operation. Or do you?


I think we should do only after the rereg arrives. Thanks, this also needs
to be clarified.

Jari





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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 10:49:34 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Keiichi SHIMA <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments: draft-18
References: <20020715.003426.95886678.keiichi@iij.ad.jp>
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Keiichi SHIMA / ??? wrote:


> I have one more question about draft-18.
> 
> There is no text which describes the relation between ND packets and
> HAO.  If a mobile node sends NS with HAO to a correpondent node's
> global address, the response (NA) will be sent to the home agent of
> the mobile node (if the CN doesn't have a BCE for the MN) or be sent
> to the mobile node's HoA with RTHDR2 (if the CN has a BCE for the MN).
> 
> In section 11.2.1, the spec says that the MN MAY ommit HAO for short
> term communication.  But I think it is not enough.  HAO MUST NOT be
> inserted to NS packets because NAs never reach to the MN.


I agree.

However, I have a worry that this is just one example of a more
general problem. Are there any other cases where a similar rule
must be applied?

Perhaps we could cover all potential problems by stating the
following:

   While not at its home link, the mobile node MUST NOT use its
   home address (or the home address destination option) in
   Neighbor Discovery communications on the visited link. The
   mobile node also MUST NOT use its home address when
   communicating with link-local or site-local peers on the
   visited link.

Jari








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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 15:24:41 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
Cc: mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MH type field
References: <3D406FA5.6680BE72@hp.com>
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Brian Haley wrote:

> I was wondering why the MH type field (Section 6.1.1, draft 18) was 16 bits
> and not 8 bits.  I couldn't find any other IPv6 header that had a type larger
> than 8 bits, and I don't think we'll ever have 65535 types.  Should this be
> changed to 8 bits for type and 8 bits reserved?  This also saves a nthos()
> for those of us on certain-endian machines, not that 3 assembly instructions
> is buying me anything :)


8 bits looks sufficient now. OTOH I don't think the 8 bit reserved field
buys very much either. And there are some protocols in the Internet
where 8 bits looked initially sufficient but proved later to be insufficient.
Mobility is an interesting subject to many folks. Will 256 values cover
all the xMIP extensions that we might need in the future? Yeah, you could
also say that it's a terrible thought that we'd need so much complexity
that 10-15 values wouldn't do...

By the way, if you switch statements in the code are in network byte
order, you'll save the 3 instructions ;-)

My gut feeling is that we should keep the current format, unless
someone has strong arguments otherwise.

Jari




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Gaurav.Puri@lntinfotech.com
Cc: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] draft 18 and  "S" bit  funda
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Gaurav.Puri@lntinfotech.com wrote:

> hi,
>    MN will set the 'L' bit in the binding update when it knows that its
> home address has been
> formed using its own interface id which implies that its interface id is
> unique in its home subnet.
>    So if 'L' bit is set,  doing DAD for its link local address only is
> enough.Why do DAD for
> all possible MN's addresses?


It's the DAD vs. DIIDD discussion. But my opinion is that DAD is
right. And regardless of what IPv6 does, we should be conservative
in MIPv6 and do DAD for all addresses just to avoid problems with
implementations that might not be doing DIIDD.

Jari








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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 12:07:56 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
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        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection
References: <200207150133.g6F1XSGF060243@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>	<3D325097.5000406@kolumbus.fi> <15679.9833.749904.318028@thomasm-u1.cisco.com>
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Michael Thomas wrote:


>  > If we do the former, I'm not sure how we can make the SPD
>  > entries specific enough so that they would match only the MH
>  > messages, but leave rest of traffic in the clear. Can IPsec
>  > SPD entries see through the tunnel header?
> 
>    Do we actually care? What are the chances that somebody
>    would go through the motions of setting up a tunnel *only*
>    for MIP BU traffic? It seems pretty clear to me that 
>    VPN+HA is going to be a very popular combination for
>    road warriors trying to get past the corporate
>    edge. Or am I misreading this?


It's probably going to be popular, yes. But there also seems to
be quite many folks who don't want to be forced into doing IPsec
for all of their traffic just because they wanted to protect (a)
BUs to HAs and (b) HOTIs/HOTs routed through the HA. So, we need
to have a way to be selective about the traffic. HA is easy, because
there is unlikely to be any other traffic between the HA and the MN
besides the BUs. The HOTI/HOT case is tougher, because we need
to be selective and not e.g. encrypt all the web browsing traffic
that the MN is doing.

So I think it is a requirement that the HOTs/HOTIs be protected
separately from the rest of the payload traffic.

Jari




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Brian Haley wrote:


> 4.5. Conceptual Data Structures
> 
>   "... The contents of all of a node's Binding Cache entries are
>            cleared when it reboots. ..."
> 
> This isn't necessarily the case if we use nonvolatile storage as
> Section 10.2 suggests.


Yes. I propose to remove the text in 4.5.


> 6.1.1. Format
> 
>    The Mobility Header is identified by a Next Header value of TBD in
>    the immediately preceding header, and has the following format:
> 
> Can we assign an interim "Next Header" value so we'll be able to test
> interoperability at ETSI, even if we don't put it in the draft right now?
> IANA has 55 for "IP Mobility", but I didn't think Mipv4 used a protocol number?


I'm fine with this, but I don't know the history behind 55. Anyone?

If we can confirm this value can be used, we can take it immediately

to the draft as well.


> 6.1.8. Binding Acknowledgement (BA) Message
> 
>    The Binding Acknowledgement is sent to the source address of the
>    Binding Update message, regardless of whether the Binding Update
>    succeeded or failed.  No Routing Headers are added to the message.
> 
> Section 9.4.4 describes when and how to send a BAck to a MN, this
> paragraph should probably be removed.


Right. This has already been noted in issue #65.


> 6.1.9. Binding Error (BE) Message
> 
> What should the Home Address field be set to if the error status is 2,
> the unspecified address?  Maybe section 9.4.6 should clarify this, instead
> of putting it in both 9.2.1 and 9.2.2.


Yes. I propose to add the following paragraph to 9.4.6:

     The Home Address field in the Binding Error message MUST be copied
     from the Home Address field in the Home Address destination option of
     the offending packet, or set to the unspecified address if no
     such option appeared in the packet.

Also, there seems to be overlap between sections 9.4.6 and 9.2.2. on
detecting the HAO error and on using rate limitation.


> Section 9.2.1 applies to all Mipv6 nodes, not just CNs, so it should
> probably be moved elsewhere.  It also doesn't say what to do if the
> checksum is invalid, I'm assuming you drop the packet.  There was
> also a typo (Next Header -> Payload Proto) and some duplicated
> text (Subsequent checks...).  Here's a possible rewrite:


Agree about the problems. We should probably have a
section in the draft that deals with general rules
that apply to all nodes. This could go in there.


> 9.2.1. Processing Mobility Header (MH) Messages
> 
>    All IPv6 nodes MUST observe the following rules when processing
>    Mobility Header messages:
> 
>     1. The "MH type" field MUST be a known type (Section 6.1), else the
>        node SHOULD issue a Binding Error message to the packet's Source
>        Address with Status field set to 2, subject to rate limiting in
>        the same manner as is done for ICMPv6 messages [14].
> 
>     2. The "Payload Proto" field MUST be NO_NXTHDR (59 decimal).
> 
>     3. The checksum MUST be verified as per Section 6.1.1.
> 
>    Any Mobility Header packet which fails to satisfy all of these rules
>    MUST be silently discarded.
> 
>    Subsequent checks depend on the particular Mobility Header message,
>    as specified in Sections 9.3 and 9.4.
> 
> (I also shortened this last paragraph since it seemed redundant)


Looks good. We may treat BE rate limitation in 9.4.6.


> And maybe the rate limiting piece I added should be in the Binding
> Error section since there is more than one place that talks about
> sending BEs.


Ah, you noticed this too...


> And what do we do if the length isn't even enough to cover the type
> or checksum fields?


We need an additional check:

     0. The "Header Len" field MUST be non-zero.


>     4. The "Header Len" field MUST meet the minimum length requirements
>        of a Mobility Header (which unfortunately doesn't end on an 8-octet
>        boundary), which is one (1)?  I.E. if "Header Len" is zero what
>        do we do, ICMP message?
> 
> 
> 9.3.1. Receiving Home Test Init Messages
> 
>     -  The Header Extension Length field MUST be greater than or equal
>        to the length specified in Section 6.1.3.
> 
> should be:
> 
>     -  The MH "Header Len" field MUST be greater than or equal to the
>        length specified in Section 6.1.3.
> 
> Section 9.3.2 needs a similar change.


Right.


> 9.4.1. Receiving Binding Updates
> 
>     -  The Header Len field in the Binding Update option is greater than
>        or equal to the length specified in Section 6.1.7.
> 
> There is no "Header Len" field in the BU any more, it's in the MH:
> 
>     - The MH "Header Len" field MUST be greater than or equal to the
>       length specified in Section 6.1.7.

Yes.

Thanks again for your feedback.

Jari




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
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Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:


>  > > In addition, the current draft requires not only HAO but
>  > also BE. This
>  > > means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new extention header
>  > (mobility
>  > > header).
>  >
>  >
>  > Correct.
>  >
> If you read section 9.4.6, "Sending Binding Errors", yes it is
> correct. But reading section 6.3 "Home Address option", it says
> that if a node does not understand this option, it should return
> ICMP parameter problem. Are these in conflict ?

No, ICMP is used if you don't recognize the option. This is standard
behaviour in IPv6. BE is used if you understand the option but don't
like the contents.

Jari




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 08:58:16 2002
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
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I'm looking at this issue and trying to understand what we
should do.

At the moment it looks like most folks who have expressed
their opinion are OK with putting the R bit back to the base
spec.

However, I have some doubts about this still. But let me first
describe the alternatives we have:

   1. No R-bit in base spec.
   2. R-Bit in an draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
   3. No R-bit, ever.

I think no one is arguing for #3 so we can only consider #1 and
#2. But what is their difference? One concern is that if the base
spec does not define this, then it becomes impossible to extend this
functionality later. This is obviously not an issue, as there is
reserved space in the BUs that can be used.

Another possible concern is that when base-only HA implementations
are deployed, it becomes impossible to deploy mobile routers as the
existing HAs do not support them. However, it seems that we need more
than the R bit for the mobile routers to work fully (see draft-kniveton
for the prefix option). So, it appears that whatever we do, we can't
have this functionality without also upgrading HAs.

Finally, Francis raised the concern that the router-with-a-host-function
is a separate issue from nemo-mobile-router, and that the R bit belongs
to the first one. I agree that the issues are separate, but I'm not sure
I understand why the R bit belongs to the former category. Presumably,
we are talking a case where a mobile host is a router at the same time.
That is, node M is a router on the foreign link with address F, and
is a mobile host with the address H at the same time. When at home,
M can even act both as a router and as a host using the same address H.
Even without the R bit, will something break? Obviously, without extensions
the MIPv6 protocol can't handle full router functionality. So, when M
is away from home, the HA will advertise H with the NA R bit set to 0.
So everyone on the home link will see that the router turned to a host.
If M is acting as a router on the foreign link, its router and host
addresses are going to be different, so I don't see a problem here either.

Other concerns? I can't think of any...

In conclusion, my suggestion is that we should define the R bit in
draft-kniveton and keep the base spec from increasing in length once
more... This is a small matter, however, and I have no special interest
in this so I can live with the R bit as well. Let me know if I missed
something above.

Jari




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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 14:43:46 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] BU AltSec BAR BOF Report
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James Kempf wrote:

>>>We also discussed a couple simple optimizations of Return Routability, like
>>>substituting for the Home Address Cookie, that would improve the performance
>>>but still maintain the basic algorithm.
>>>
>>I think a word is missing above. Substituting what for the HA cookie?


I can't remember exactly the specific comment. But I think this is
related to the ability of e.g. CGA to skip home address tests at least
for the majority of movements. It seems some form of care-of address
tests will be necessary always, even if some optimizations might perhaps
be possible even there.

Jari





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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 14:47:55 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Kevin Miles <kmiles@cisco.com>, "'T.J. Kniveton'" <tj@kniveton.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Comment on Issue 56 (Optimizations in DHAD)
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TJ posted rules that prevent a collision of the optimizations. Kevin
complained about the amount of effort we spend on this small feature
and the already existing Reserved field. I'm more or less in agreement
with both of you...

My suggestion is that we remove 8 bytes from the Reserved field as we
don't need to align at 16 byte boundaries in IPv6 (only 8). And then
we apply TJ's rule. Are we done?

Jari




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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 15:26:18 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Srinivasan.Damodaran@lntinfotech.com,
        kempf@docomolabs-usa.com, vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: closing issue 48, identifying link changes and prev-coa
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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:

> Hi Jari,
> 
> I am catching up with emails after a long vacation, sorry for the
> delay in replying. Has this issue been closed already ?


I'm not really sure. There's been many people who want the prev-coa
functionality moved elsewhere. In Yokohama we decided to move this
discussion to the list...

Jari






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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 15:12:46 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Brett Pentland <Brett.Pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Clarification sought on role of MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS
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Brett Pentland wrote:

> Hi folks,
> 
> I was just wondering if anyone can confirm that the protocol 
> constant "MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS" defined in RFC2461 as 3 seconds only 
> relates to multicast RAs sent in response to an RS and thus is 
> unrelated to the configuration variable "MinRtrAdvInterval" for 
> unsolicited multicast RAs which is redefined in the Mobile IPv6 I-D.


MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS concerns any RA sent to the all nodes multicast
address, solicited or unsolicited.

MinRtrAdvInterval concerns unsolicited RAs. These would also be sent
to the all nodes multicast address.

We redefine MinRtrAdvInterval in the MIPv6 I-D. It would seem that
MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS must also be redefined for it to have any effect.
Was that your concern?

Jari





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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 10:35:52 -0400
From: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] MH Checksum calculation
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Seems like Jari must be back from vacation with all the recent emails :)

Anyways, I think the Checksum calculation paragraph in Section 6.1.1
needs some clarification.  The pseudo IPv6 header used does not specify
which source address is used if there is a Home Address Option in the
packet.  Some MH types do not require HAO (HoTI,CoTI, etc.), one
might have one (BRR, if MN->MN), and others must have one (BU).
I'm assuming that if there's a HAO, that it must be used as the IPv6
source address for the checksum calculation?  If so, in addition to 6.1.1
changes, it might be good to add some text (in 11.2.1?) that says what
a MN should do if sending a MH message with a HAO.

Section 11.2.1 does do a good job of saying how a MN should send
a "direct delivery" packet, swapping addresses and such, but doesn't
mention checksum.

-Brian



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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 16:09:37 +0100
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Jari Arkko wrote:
>
> Kevin Miles wrote:
>
> > Jari Arkko wrote:
> >
> >>Works for me too. Let's prohibit it. Also, we need to worry
> >>about the case where the prefixes change between S=0 reg & dereg.
> >>So, my proposal is to define an S=0 dereg as a deregistration of
> >>those addresses that were registered in the original S=0 reg. If no
> >>such original S=0 reg was done, the HA will return a new BA
> >>error code.
>
>
> Updated proposal: If the registration was a S=1 and the
> de-registration
> ues S=0, then this would be allowed and would mean de-registering the
> single address originally registered. This will avoid an extra
> error code.
>
Okay. What about the rereg case? Can you 'upgrade' from S=1 to S=0 in successive
registration BUs? It doesn't sound, to me, like a useful thing to be able to do.
But if it's illegal, either we need a suitable error code, or we need to say
that the S bit is ignored in a BU for which there is an existing BCE and treated
as if it had the value of the originating BU.

Kevin.



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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'T.J. Kniveton'" <tj@kniveton.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Comment on Issue 56 (Optimizations in DHAD)
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 16:11:24 +0100
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> TJ posted rules that prevent a collision of the optimizations. Kevin
> complained about the amount of effort we spend on this small feature
> and the already existing Reserved field. I'm more or less in agreement
> with both of you...
> 
> My suggestion is that we remove 8 bytes from the Reserved field as we
> don't need to align at 16 byte boundaries in IPv6 (only 8). And then
> we apply TJ's rule. Are we done?
> 
Sure.

Kevin.


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 13:12:36 2002
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From: pradeep <pradeep@mail.ukans.edu>
To: mobile-ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, Peng Gao <gao@lkn.ei.tum.de>
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Moible IP and UDP tunneling problem
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Hi,
I've implemented (to some extent) the NAT traversal draft. In my 
implementation I've developed a IP-UDP tunnel device driver. Since the 
implementation is still in its development stage, there may be some bugs to be 
fixed!
But anyway you can have a look at
http://people.eecs.ku.edu/~pnataraj/eecs801
The source code is also available in the same page. 
Good luck.
-Pradeep Natarajan.

>===== Original Message From Peng Gao <gao@lkn.ei.tum.de> =====
>I am a student at Technical University of Munich.  I am doing my thesis
>named Mobile IP and NAPT Interaction.  I plan to set up a new UDP data
>tunneling to go through the NAPT by Netfilter, but I meet a lot of
>problems now.
>
>Firstly, could you please give me some advice about how to distinguish
>Registration
>Reply from UDP data tunneling at Foreign Agent?  Since both are UDP
>datagram, and have same IP Address and UDP Port.    I know maybe I can
>check the payload of the datagram, but I am not sure which part I should
>check.
>
>Secondly,  I plan to write  a module for Home Agent, and the module stay
>outside of the normal Home Agent process.  That means before the HA
>process send out the IP-in-IP data tunneling, my module works and
>inserts the UDP header and make it to UDP data tunneling.  Now, I can
>not insert the UDP header correctly.  So, if you already did the same
>thing.  Could you please show me some source code about how to insert
>the UDP header?
>
>I will really appreciate your helping me!
>
>Best wishes!
>
>Peng Gao




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From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Joseph,

thanks for your input. I have some general comments first.
An IP-based protocol has to work on all link types, while
allowing individual links to customize the protocol for
improving performance. If the protocol is based on the
chatacteristics of a single link type, then the chances are the
protocol won't work at all or won't work the way it should
on all the link types.

Did you see my earlier posting in which I had asked few
questions ? Those questions directly relate to your comment
regarding over-the-air signaling. Specifically,

- how do you inform the new AR's L2 and IP address to the MN ?
- should we assume that L2 specific information is sufficient to
   redirect traffic without explicit authorization (in the form of FBU)
   from the MN ?

These are broader questions, and are not specific to a particular
link technology. I would be interested in hearing how your proposal
would address these two key questions. I would also appreciate if you
could take a look at my previous posting and respond to the questions
there.

Now, some comments below..


Joseph Soma Reddy wrote:

> Hello all,
> I would like to point out that mobility protocol should not
> only ensure routing to mobile hosts, it should be able to
> support macrodiversity(i.e. soft handoff) which is very
> important in cdma systems. Macrodiversity is already being
> incorporated in systems like HDR(High Data Rate system from
> Qualcomm) where the mobile can move between different
> cell sectors before receiving each packet. With a good
> mobility scheme, it is possible to extend this and enable
> the mobile to handoff quickly between BS, which can result
> in coverage and capacity increase.
>

Role of IP in dealing with macrodiversity is an interesting topic and
I am sure will spur lot of discussion. However, increasing capacity, or
more generally, the topic of macrodiversity itself is not an objective
of fast handover. If there is sufficient interest, I think this should
be
explored separately in the WG.


>
> I have addressed this issue in a recent draft
> ("macrodiversity in IP based cellular networks"
> available at http://cwc.ucsd.edu/~soma ).
> The main conclusions were that the mobile should be able to
> handoff as soon as channel conditions changes(i.e. post-reg
> handoff) and that it should be possible to handoff without
> requiring any over-the-air signalling.
> I am concerned that the v5 draft provides for these
> mechanisms only as error conditions.
>

Well, if the AR does not change during such a handover,
there is not anything for the protocol to do. One could argue
that this is a matter of how you roll out the network.

The v05 version allows tunnel establishment subsequent
to the MN attaching to the new link. I don't know if you
have followed the previous versions of the draft or not, but
the reason for this is that the protocol begins on the old link
and the FBU is anticipated to be sent from the old link.
In any case, I have received comments that it would be better
to explain this under a separate section, and I will do that.


>
> Another concern I have with respect to anticipated handoffs
> is that it seems to place requirements on the physical/link
> layers with respect to how channel conditions change(i.e. it
> assumes that they change gradually enough to be anticipated).
>

Actually, there is no such assumption. If the MN does not receive
PrRtAdv, it triggers tunnel establishment after attaching to the
new link. If PrRtAdv can be delivered to the MN on the previous
link, then, also providing the new router's prefix information
facilitates faster new IP address configuration (aka anticipation).
So, consider the following network-controlled handover scenario.

- the previous AR sends PrRtAdv to the MN providing
    - new AR's L2 address, IP address and network prefix info. Note:
        PrRtAdv is needed independent of "anticipation" in order to
       provide the new AR's L2 address and IP address.
- the MN moves and starts sending packets using previous CoA
    immediately. It also sends FNA to confirm if it can use a new CoA.
    [This FNA can be an option in a Router Solicitation which a MN
     needs anyway in order to obtain a Router Advertisement.]
- depending on when the FBU is received, the previous AR
   starts forwarding the packets to the MN. If the FBU is received
   on the old link itself, the packets will be delivered as soon as the
   new AR detects that MN is attached to it. If the FBU is received
   from the new link, they will start arriving from the previous AR.

So, in order for the protocol to work on all link types without
making specific assumptions about what _a_ link type "might be able
to provide", and more importantly, to keep following the principle
of specifying IP protocols for IETF standardization, we need to
specify PrRtAdv and FBU.  At the same time, the draft should be
able to allow L2-specific customizations.


> This is not necessarily true even in current systems. For
> example, the so called "street corner effect" occurs in dense
> urban areas where the base stations are mounted on poletops.
> The coverage of these BS extends linearly(along a block) rather
> than omnidirectionally. A mobile user who turns a street corner
> in such an environment will lose line-of-sight with current BS
> and enter line-of-sight of another BS. This causes a sudden handoff
> which can only be handled by post-reg type of mobility.
> These type of situations are common in micro-cellular
> networks which will become more common in future
> as increased demand for capacity is met by reducing cell
> size.

I agree that the protocol should support the case when the MN
simply attaches to a link without any forewarning. This is why the
draft allows sending FBU from the new link even when the MN has
not received a PrRtAdv, and the previous router should engage in
HI/HACK when it receives a FBU and it has not seen a PrRtSol or not
sent a PrRtAdv.
You might also observe that base Mobile IP draft recognized this
long ago (by allowing forwarding from previous CoA).

Thanks for your interest.

-Rajeev

ps. terms like "post-reg handover" "pre-reg handover" are not
used the fmipv6 draft. I think I know what you mean by them, but
I would rather stick to terms which have been used since v00.
The draft makes a distinction between protocol operations
"prior to" or "subsequent to" new link establishment.


>
>
> Comments are appreciated.
>
> Regards,
> Joseph



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 13:57:33 2002
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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 10:56:46 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
CC: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Alper,


"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:

> Hi Rajeev,
>
> Let me make an attempt to answer your questions.
>
> > 1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
> >      new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> > a) PrRtAdv provides this
> > b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
> >
> > How can you avoid PrRtAdv ?
>
> Please see CARID in draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt.
> While MN is still connected to the oAR, it can request
> a table that maps L2 id of access points to L2/L3 ids of
> access routers. Than, after the movement MN learns
> the L2 id of the AP, and performs a table lookup for AR
> information.
>
> The difference between PrRtAdv and CARID is that the
> latter can happen any time before handover, not necessarily
> right before handover or upon anticipation.
>

I agree that your proposal, after looking at the description
above, allows a MN to send packets on the new link when it
has not received PrRtAdv. I think others are also possible.
For instance, the MN can send a RS as soon as it detects a
new link and force the router to send an RA. There are
pros and cons associated with these mechanisms, of course.

However, the question I have is, can we NOT specify PrRtAdv ?
Seems to me that we need it for the base spec, and when additional
methods are available, the protocol can work well even when the MN
does not receive it. I am not sure if we can specify each of those
additional methods in the base spec..Do you agree ?

-Rajeev


>
> > Can we assume that L2 trigger
> > provides the necessary information ?
>
> Nope.
>
> > Which L2 trigger today
> > provides such information?
>
> I'm not aware of any...
>
> > Isn't this at best a recommendation
> > to future L2 designers ?
>
> I personally wouldn't recommend
> providing this L3 information via L2 signaling.
>
> > In any case, can we specify that
> > the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?
> >
> > 2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
> >     on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
> >     FBU ? I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
> >     forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU.
>
> I agree.
>
> > Doing
> >     forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
> >     proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
> >     exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
> >     L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
> >     traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all possible
> >     link layers ?
>
> IMO, we should stay in the boundaries of Mobile IP model
> and only allow explicite BUs change routing state...
> IP can receive help from L2 though, in the form of L2
> suggesting a BU be sent, or L2 suggesting precise time
> of routing change once AR/MN decided to do so.
>
> alper
>
> >
> > These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
> > would like to know what you and others think.
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > -Rajeev
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
> >
> > > Hello Ajoy,
> > >
> > > > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> > > > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> > > > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> > > > performance differences.
> > > >
> > > > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > > > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> > > > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > > > time ?
> > >
> > > Yes of course.
> > >
> > > > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > > > of handover failure will increase.
> > >
> > > This statement by itself also make sense...
> > >
> > > But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> > > Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> > > why I was asking if your statements were based on
> > > FMIPv6 experiments...
> > >
> > > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > > get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> > > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> > > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> > >
> > > > I do not think this has
> > > > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > > > similar behavior in either case.
> > >
> > > But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> > > FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> > > registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> > > This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> > > advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> > > determine when the routing should change.. And this
> > > should make a difference in the observed performance..
> > >
> > > alper
> >
> >



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Jul 26 14:02:01 2002
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From: "Michael Sessinghaus" <sessinghaus@web.de>
To: "mobile ip" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] internet connectivity for aodv with mobile ip
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 20:01:24 +0200
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Hi,
did anybody simulated internet connectivity for aodv with mobile ip? The =
paper of E.M.Royer=20
"Internet connectivity for Ad Hoc mobile networks" describes such a =
scenario. Does someone know about investigations and references =
regarding to simulation with ns-2 and tcl scripts.

I want your help because i want to investigate aodv and mobile ip for =
internet connectivity.
The scenario should describe the movement and handover from/in a MANET =
with permanent internet connection.
Thanks and best regards, Michael.


------=_NextPart_000_0025_01C234DF.37F4D9E0
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2600.0" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>did&nbsp;anybody simulated internet =
connectivity=20
for aodv with mobile ip? The paper of E.M.Royer </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>"Internet connectivity for Ad Hoc =
mobile networks"=20
</FONT><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>describes such a scenario. Does =
someone know=20
about investigations and references regarding to simulation with =
ns-2&nbsp;and=20
tcl scripts.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I want your help because i want to =
investigate=20
aodv&nbsp;and mobile ip for internet connectivity.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The scenario should describe the =
movement and=20
handover&nbsp;from/in a MANET with permanent internet =
connection.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks and best regards, =
Michael.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 13:04:37 -0500
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Hello Alper,
Please find my inline reply.
Regards,
ajoy

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 25, 2002 7:30 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


Hello Ajoy,

> Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> performance differences.
> 
> Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and 
> argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> time ? 

Yes of course.

> As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> of handover failure will increase. 

This statement by itself also make sense...

Ajoy-> Good 

But, the question is how much difference does it make?
Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is 
why I was asking if your statements were based on 
FMIPv6 experiments...

Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
get before the link is broken without any anticipation? 
I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to 
exchange some messages. Is there a window
in which L3 can exchange packets?


> I do not think this has 
> anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> similar behavior in either case. 

But there is more... A fundamental difference between
FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
determine when the routing should change.. And this
should make a difference in the observed performance..

Ajoy-> BTW, in our implementation there were a few hops 
between FA and HA. So, probably this distinction of FMIPv4 
is not relavent in this discussion. I do agree the FMIPv4 problem
will be even worse when FA and HA are located at the two end of the 
Internet.

alper



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Message-ID: <3D41989A.9050705@kolumbus.fi>
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 21:44:42 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Kevin Miles <kmiles@cisco.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
References: <005301c234b6$75ca4e40$596cfe90@emea.cisco.com>
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Kevin Miles wrote:


> Okay. What about the rereg case? Can you 'upgrade' from S=1 to S=0 in successive
> registration BUs? It doesn't sound, to me, like a useful thing to be able to do.
> But if it's illegal, either we need a suitable error code, or we need to say
> that the S bit is ignored in a BU for which there is an existing BCE and treated
> as if it had the value of the originating BU.

Good point.

Why don't we simply allow this behaviour? The rereg will set up entries for
every current prefix, and will override the entry for the original single
address.

Jari




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Message-ID: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E07862452@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Alper E. YEGIN"
	 <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
	 <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 13:47:07 -0500
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Hello Rajeev,
Please find my inline reply.
regards,
ajoy

-----Original Message-----
From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 25, 2002 8:38 PM
To: Alper E. YEGIN
Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'; 'James Kempf';
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



Ajoy, Alper,

I have few questions for you.

1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
     new AR ? I see the following possibilities
a) PrRtAdv provides this
b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA

AJOY-> In case of network controlled handoff, why MN is required 
to get the IP address of the new AR ? Could you clarify 
this? 

How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
provides such information? 

AJOY-> As I said, in case of network controlled handoff, both ARs 
can communicate to create visitor list entry for the Mobile
node at the nAR. Why we need PrRtAdv in critical path in this 
case? As far as I know, BETH can be implemented in any wireless 
technology capable of supporting network controlled handover. 
Even this can be extended for Mobile controlled handover.
Please let me know in case you know of something where this can
not be implemented. 

Isn't this at best a recommendation
to future L2 designers ? 

Ajoy-> To make something useful, we need to consider the 
need of present network. I will be skeptical to 
standardize something in the hope of being used in 
remote (?) future. 

In any case, can we specify that
the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?

2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
    on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
    FBU ? 

AJOY-> In BETH, as far as I remember, oAR will start forwarding packets
after 
receiving link down event. 

I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
    forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU. Doing
    forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
    proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
    exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
    L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
    traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all possible
    link layers ?

AJOY-> Base protocol will just have to state that link layer must be 
secure. Since, we are not defining link layer triggers in 
base draft, we do not need to be concerned about how 
L2 trigger will be secured. 

These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
would like to know what you and others think.

AJOY-> We are talking about fast handoff. So, we need a solution
that can provide reliable fast handoff. 

Regards,

-Rajeev




"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:

> Hello Ajoy,
>
> > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> > performance differences.
> >
> > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > time ?
>
> Yes of course.
>
> > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > of handover failure will increase.
>
> This statement by itself also make sense...
>
> But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> why I was asking if your statements were based on
> FMIPv6 experiments...
>
> Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> exchange some messages. Is there a window
> in which L3 can exchange packets?
>
> > I do not think this has
> > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > similar behavior in either case.
>
> But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> determine when the routing should change.. And this
> should make a difference in the observed performance..
>
> alper


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Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 14:34:43 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
CC: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:

>
> Ajoy, Alper,
>
> I have few questions for you.
>
> 1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>      new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> a) PrRtAdv provides this
> b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
>
> AJOY-> In case of network controlled handoff, why MN is required
> to get the IP address of the new AR ? Could you clarify
> this?
>

The MN needs an IP address of the gateway for a default
destination. If you have a unix system, "netstat -rn" should
produce the route table entries that includes the Gateway
address for default destination.
The L2 address is needed for encapsulating the IP packet
in a L2 frame.

>
> How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
> provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
> provides such information?
>
> AJOY-> As I said, in case of network controlled handoff, both ARs
> can communicate to create visitor list entry for the Mobile
> node at the nAR. Why we need PrRtAdv in critical path in this
>

Visitor list entry ? Do you mean host route entry ?


> case? As far as I know, BETH can be implemented in any wireless
> technology capable of supporting network controlled handover.
> Even this can be extended for Mobile controlled handover.
> Please let me know in case you know of something where this can
> not be implemented.
>

The routers communicate to establish a host route entry for the MN
on the new AR. But, that does not help the MN in _sending_ packets
unless it has the new AR's addresses. The purpose of PrRtAdv is
to provide this information.
As I asked in my questions, who provides this information ? Are we
assuming that L2 trigger will be able to provide this ? If yes, then I
am asking can we specify that in the base draft which ought to work
on all link types ? I also don't know which L2 type provides such
information today..


>
> Isn't this at best a recommendation
> to future L2 designers ?
>
> Ajoy-> To make something useful, we need to consider the
> need of present network. I will be skeptical to
> standardize something in the hope of being used in
> remote (?) future.
>

Good. I didn't say we should standardize this. I am saying to
expect something from link layers should be part of a wish list.


>
> In any case, can we specify that
> the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?
>
> 2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
>     on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
>     FBU ?
>
> AJOY-> In BETH, as far as I remember, oAR will start forwarding packets
> after receiving link down event.

But, my question is should we allow that even in the absence of
receiving an FBU ? See the questions below (in my previous e-mail)..

>
>
> I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
>     forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU. Doing
>     forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
>     proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
>     exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
>     L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
>     traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all possible
>     link layers ?
>
> AJOY-> Base protocol will just have to state that link layer must be
> secure. Since, we are not defining link layer triggers in
> base draft, we do not need to be concerned about how
> L2 trigger will be secured.
>

Well, how can we enforce that a particular L2 be secure in the base
draft ? In an IP protocol, we can certainly state that FBU must be
protected before traffic can be redirected.

>
> These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
> would like to know what you and others think.
>
> AJOY-> We are talking about fast handoff. So, we need a solution
> that can provide reliable fast handoff.
>

I agree we are talking about fast handover :-)
In what way is the protocol not robust ? It should work in
the presence of lost messages and should provide the desired
performance. I would be happy to address those considerations.

Also, could you comment specifically on how we can
avoid PrRtAdv and FBU ? That would be more useful.

Thanks,

-Rajeev


>
> Regards,
>
> -Rajeev
>
> "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
>
> > Hello Ajoy,
> >
> > > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> > > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> > > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> > > performance differences.
> > >
> > > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> > > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > > time ?
> >
> > Yes of course.
> >
> > > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > > of handover failure will increase.
> >
> > This statement by itself also make sense...
> >
> > But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> > Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> > why I was asking if your statements were based on
> > FMIPv6 experiments...
> >
> > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> >
> > > I do not think this has
> > > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > > similar behavior in either case.
> >
> > But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> > FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> > registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> > This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> > advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> > determine when the routing should change.. And this
> > should make a difference in the observed performance..
> >
> > alper



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From: "Kevin Miles" <kmiles@cisco.com>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 23:04:18 +0100
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Jari Arkko wrote:
>
> Kevin Miles wrote:
>
>
> > Okay. What about the rereg case? Can you 'upgrade' from S=1
> to S=0 in successive
> > registration BUs? It doesn't sound, to me, like a useful
> thing to be able to do.
> > But if it's illegal, either we need a suitable error code,
> or we need to say
> > that the S bit is ignored in a BU for which there is an
> existing BCE and treated
> > as if it had the value of the originating BU.
>
> Good point.
>
> Why don't we simply allow this behaviour? The rereg will set
> up entries for
> every current prefix, and will override the entry for the
> original single
> address.
>
So at any time the mobile can choose to switch from S=1 to S=0? Which begs the
question, can it also switch the other way and manage its set of BCEs
individually? (Isn't this where we came in :-)

I can't actually think why it would be useful for a mobile node to want to
change the value of S in either direction during a single binding. Does anyone
have a reason for allowing this?

My preferred resolution is to declare that the value of S on all rereg and dereg
BUs is ignored and treated as if it were the same as on the original BU. (If the
mobile node really needs to change the value of S, it can always dereg and reg
again.)

Kevin.



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Kevin Miles wrote:
> 
> So at any time the mobile can choose to switch from S=1 to S=0? Which begs the
> question, can it also switch the other way and manage its set of BCEs
> individually? (Isn't this where we came in :-)
> 
> I can't actually think why it would be useful for a mobile node to want to
> change the value of S in either direction during a single binding. Does anyone
> have a reason for allowing this?
> 
> My preferred resolution is to declare that the value of S on all rereg and dereg
> BUs is ignored and treated as if it were the same as on the original BU. (If the
> mobile node really needs to change the value of S, it can always dereg and reg
> again.)

I agree with Kevin.

Vijay


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Message-ID: <032401c2350a$5c486a70$a66015ac@AlperVAIO>
From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2002 18:10:02 -0700
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Rajeev,

> > Let me make an attempt to answer your questions.
> >
> > > 1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
> > >      new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> > > a) PrRtAdv provides this
> > > b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
> > >
> > > How can you avoid PrRtAdv ?
> >
> > Please see CARID in draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt.
> > While MN is still connected to the oAR, it can request
> > a table that maps L2 id of access points to L2/L3 ids of
> > access routers. Than, after the movement MN learns
> > the L2 id of the AP, and performs a table lookup for AR
> > information.
> >
> > The difference between PrRtAdv and CARID is that the
> > latter can happen any time before handover, not necessarily
> > right before handover or upon anticipation.
> >
>
> I agree that your proposal, after looking at the description
> above, allows a MN to send packets on the new link when it
> has not received PrRtAdv. I think others are also possible.
> For instance, the MN can send a RS as soon as it detects a
> new link and force the router to send an RA. There are
> pros and cons associated with these mechanisms, of course.

The advantage of CARID is that it saves one RTT on the new
link. Latency associated with this can be significant especially
in cellular networks.

>
> However, the question I have is, can we NOT specify PrRtAdv ?

I'm not suggesting removal of PrRtAdv.. No problems there...

> Seems to me that we need it for the base spec, and when additional
> methods are available, the protocol can work well even when the MN
> does not receive it. I am not sure if we can specify each of those
> additional methods in the base spec..Do you agree ?

Adapting CARID section of draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt
can be an option. This way, if MN cannot complete an anticipated
handover, it can fall back to using information provided in CARID
to create a tunnel between oAR and nAR after L2 handover,
and preserve its oCoA.

alper

>
> -Rajeev
>
>
> >
> > > Can we assume that L2 trigger
> > > provides the necessary information ?
> >
> > Nope.
> >
> > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > provides such information?
> >
> > I'm not aware of any...
> >
> > > Isn't this at best a recommendation
> > > to future L2 designers ?
> >
> > I personally wouldn't recommend
> > providing this L3 information via L2 signaling.
> >
> > > In any case, can we specify that
> > > the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?
> > >
> > > 2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
> > >     on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
> > >     FBU ? I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
> > >     forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU.
> >
> > I agree.
> >
> > > Doing
> > >     forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
> > >     proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
> > >     exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
> > >     L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
> > >     traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all
possible
> > >     link layers ?
> >
> > IMO, we should stay in the boundaries of Mobile IP model
> > and only allow explicite BUs change routing state...
> > IP can receive help from L2 though, in the form of L2
> > suggesting a BU be sent, or L2 suggesting precise time
> > of routing change once AR/MN decided to do so.
> >
> > alper
> >
> > >
> > > These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
> > > would like to know what you and others think.
> > >
> > > Regards,
> > >
> > > -Rajeev
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
> > >
> > > > Hello Ajoy,
> > > >
> > > > > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP"
and
> > > > > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not
a
> > > > > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make
considerable
> > > > > performance differences.
> > > > >
> > > > > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > > > > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to
higher
> > > > > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > > > > time ?
> > > >
> > > > Yes of course.
> > > >
> > > > > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > > > > of handover failure will increase.
> > > >
> > > > This statement by itself also make sense...
> > > >
> > > > But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> > > > Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> > > > why I was asking if your statements were based on
> > > > FMIPv6 experiments...
> > > >
> > > > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > > > get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> > > > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> > > > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > > > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> > > >
> > > > > I do not think this has
> > > > > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > > > > similar behavior in either case.
> > > >
> > > > But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> > > > FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> > > > registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> > > > This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> > > > advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> > > > determine when the routing should change.. And this
> > > > should make a difference in the observed performance..
> > > >
> > > > alper
> > >
> > >
>
>



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To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Ajoy,

You missed my questions below.. Any data points on these areas?
I'm asking these specific to your cellular links...

> Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> get before the link is broken without any anticipation? 
> I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to 
> exchange some messages. Is there a window
> in which L3 can exchange packets?

alper





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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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"Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:

> >
> > I agree that your proposal, after looking at the description
> > above, allows a MN to send packets on the new link when it
> > has not received PrRtAdv. I think others are also possible.
> > For instance, the MN can send a RS as soon as it detects a
> > new link and force the router to send an RA. There are
> > pros and cons associated with these mechanisms, of course.
>
> The advantage of CARID is that it saves one RTT on the new
> link. Latency associated with this can be significant especially
> in cellular networks.
>

Ok.

>
> >
> > However, the question I have is, can we NOT specify PrRtAdv ?
>
> I'm not suggesting removal of PrRtAdv.. No problems there...
>

Ok.

>
> > Seems to me that we need it for the base spec, and when additional
> > methods are available, the protocol can work well even when the MN
> > does not receive it. I am not sure if we can specify each of those
> > additional methods in the base spec..Do you agree ?
>
> Adapting CARID section of draft-gwon-mobileip-efwd-fmipv6-00.txt
> can be an option. This way, if MN cannot complete an anticipated
> handover, it can fall back to using information provided in CARID
> to create a tunnel between oAR and nAR after L2 handover,
> and preserve its oCoA.
>

The draft certainly does not disallow using methods like yours if they
are available.

-Rajeev


>
> alper
>
> >



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Mobile IP considerations for Inter-technology 
                          handovers
	Author(s)	: S. Jamadagni, D. Satish
	Filename	: draft-satish-mobileip-inter-technology-00.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 22-Jul-02
	
Multi mode terminals are becoming pervasive. In a multi mode 
environment, Mobile Terminals (MTs) move from the coverage of one radio 
access network to another. There is a need to maintain ongoing network 
sessions to support seamless services. For example, a MT may roam 
between a 3G cellular network and a wireless LAN seamlessly with 
session continuity. It is possible for a single service provider to 
support multiple modes but it is expected that different modes will be 
supported by different service providers. For example WLAN support can 
be enterprise supported where as 3G services are supported by a wide 
area service provider. In this draft we discuss handover support 
between multiple domains (modes) where a MT can use different IP 
addresses or can use a global IP address. Handover between different 
modes will then require greater federation capabilities between the 
different IP domains. 

In this draft we discuss Home Agent federation capabilities over Mobile 
IP so that inter-technology, inter-domain handovers are better 
supported.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-satish-mobileip-inter-technology-00.txt

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 27 11:40:46 2002
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Message-Id: <200207271539.g6RFdm6o006101@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
cc: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        "''mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com' '" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] The link-local address issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 26 Jul 2002 12:30:47 +0300.
             <3D4116C7.7030700@kolumbus.fi> 
Date: Sat, 27 Jul 2002 17:39:48 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   If not, then I think the right thing to do would be to have the
   MIPv6 specification require "resetting" all ND information
   upon movement.

=> I agree but this should not be bound to MIPv6...

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
   


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 27 11:47:06 2002
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
cc: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 26 Jul 2002 13:14:45 +0300.
             <3D412115.5000609@kolumbus.fi> 
Date: Sat, 27 Jul 2002 17:46:09 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   However, I have some doubts about this still. But let me first
   describe the alternatives we have:
   
      1. No R-bit in base spec.

=> do you mean "R-bit in base spec".

      2. R-Bit in an draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
      3. No R-bit, ever.
   
   I think no one is arguing for #3 so we can only consider #1 and
   #2. But what is their difference? One concern is that if the base
   spec does not define this, then it becomes impossible to extend this
   functionality later. This is obviously not an issue, as there is
   reserved space in the BUs that can be used.
   
=> I can't see a real difference between a reversed dedicated space
and #1. So #1 is simpler for the future.

   Another possible concern is that when base-only HA implementations
   are deployed, it becomes impossible to deploy mobile routers as the
   existing HAs do not support them.

=> don't forget that in IPv6 a node is either a host or a router
(exclusive "or").

    Presumably,
   we are talking a case where a mobile host is a router at the same time.

=> s/host/node/ !

   In conclusion, my suggestion is that we should define the R bit in
   draft-kniveton and keep the base spec from increasing in length once
   more...

=> as you still have to reserve the bit I don't buy this argument.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sat Jul 27 11:53:23 2002
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
cc: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] rules for using IPsec for MN-HA protection 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 26 Jul 2002 12:07:56 +0300.
             <3D41116C.2050806@kolumbus.fi> 
Date: Sat, 27 Jul 2002 17:51:09 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   It's probably going to be popular, yes. But there also seems to
   be quite many folks who don't want to be forced into doing IPsec
   for all of their traffic just because they wanted to protect (a)
   BUs to HAs and (b) HOTIs/HOTs routed through the HA.

=> note that (a) is transport mode.

   So I think it is a requirement that the HOTs/HOTIs be protected
   separately from the rest of the payload traffic.
   
=> I disagree: you should stand HOTs/HOTIs must be protected and
leave the "separately" to implementors' choice. In fact IMHO:
 - protection requirements should be "MUSTs"
 - standard/smart way to do it should be "SHOULDs"
 - there must be some "MAYs" for alternative less efficient but
   easier in some cases solutions. The protection of the whole
   traffic through the MN-HA tunnel is a good example of this.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Sun Jul 28 20:33:13 2002
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Date: Mon, 29 Jul 2002 10:16:46 +1000
From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Clarification sought on role of MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS
X-Sender: "Brett Pentland" <brett@smtp.monash.edu.au>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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 <3D413CBE.6070405@kolumbus.fi>
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Yes, that was my concern.  I just wasn't sure if it was valid since the
only place MIN_DEALY_BETWEEN_RAS is mentioned in rfc2461 is in section
6.2.6, "Processing Router Solicitations".

Regards,
Brett.

Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> Brett Pentland wrote:
> 
> > Hi folks,
> >
> > I was just wondering if anyone can confirm that the protocol
> > constant "MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS" defined in RFC2461 as 3 seconds only
> > relates to multicast RAs sent in response to an RS and thus is
> > unrelated to the configuration variable "MinRtrAdvInterval" for
> > unsolicited multicast RAs which is redefined in the Mobile IPv6 I-D.
> 
> MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS concerns any RA sent to the all nodes multicast
> address, solicited or unsolicited.
> 
> MinRtrAdvInterval concerns unsolicited RAs. These would also be sent
> to the all nodes multicast address.
> 
> We redefine MinRtrAdvInterval in the MIPv6 I-D. It would seem that
> MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS must also be redefined for it to have any effect.
> Was that your concern?
> 
> Jari



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Subject: [mobile-ip] Info regarding IP Header Compression
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Hi,
	I am S.Sridhar working in MindTree Consulting, Bangalore , India as a
Software Engineer. We are in the process of implementing the IP Header
Compression Protocol. So In this regard I have a couple of doubts. So I
request you to spare some time and answer my doubts or suggest some document
which specifies the relevant information.

Coming to the subject:
According to RFC 2057 (IP Header Compression Algorithm), several headers such
as  IPv6 base and extension headers, IPv4 headers, TCP and
UDP headers, and encapsulated IPv6 and IPv4 headers can be compressed. Every
header should be compressed based on a context. In order to create a context
we have to identify a packet stream. There may be several type of packets
coming from the upper layer. So keeping this in view we have to group the
packets into different packet streams where all the packets in the same
stream have a similar header fields. In this regard,...

1.Firstly, I want to know whether we have to buffer all the packets coming
from application and then group them into different packet streams, then
create contexts according to those packet streams and then assign CID's to
them. If this is the case what will be done for next packet that arrives.
Will if be compared with all contexts to find out to which packet stream it
belongs.....or else again buffer a set of packets and repeat the grouping
procedure and then search different contexts...
If we buffer the incoming packets ,then till what time should we buffer it. 

Here I am really confused about the grouping procedure when coming to
implementation.
Can u please explain it in detail to me....

2. I want to know the storing database part of these contexts also.

can u please reply to this mail at the earliest.

Thanks and Regards,



SRIDHAR S
Software Engineer,
MindTree Consulting Pvt Ltd ,
C/o.Brigade Software Park,
#42,27th cross,Banashankari 2nd stage,
Bangalore - 560 070
Ph (O): +91-80-6711777 / 12777
Ext: 1423






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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] The link-local address issue
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Yes, I agree.  There was a thread a few months ago about
what to do with NCE on the mobile, but that did not get any
answeres.  It looks like the "resetting" all ND state is
the way to go.

-vlad

Jari Arkko wrote:
> MIPv6 specification require "resetting" all ND information
> upon movement. That is, we'd forget the fact that we had collisions
> in a previous location. We'd also forget the fact that we did
> DAD for an address in the previous location, and would be
> forced to do a new DAD... I think this would make the protocols
> less vulnerable to local problems, whatever they might be.
> 
> 
> Jari
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
	 <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Hello Rajeev,
Please find my inline reply.
Regards,
ajoy

-----Original Message-----
From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Friday, July 26, 2002 4:35 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
Cc: Alper E. YEGIN; 'Vijay Devarapalli'; 'James Kempf';
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:

>
> Ajoy, Alper,
>
> I have few questions for you.
>
> 1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>      new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> a) PrRtAdv provides this
> b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
>
> AJOY-> In case of network-controlled handoff, why MN is required
> to get the IP address of the new AR ? Could you clarify
> this?
>

The MN needs an IP address of the gateway for a default
Destination. If you have a unix system, "netstat -rn" should
produce the route table entries that includes the Gateway
address for default destination.

AJOY-> BTW, when there is a serial pipe (link) between MN and AR, the MN
should 
be able to route packet even without getting the actual IP address of the
new 
AR. Suppose at some of point of time, MN is connected to oAR and 
using the IP address of oAR as the default gateway. Also, the routing table
entry 
indicates that to reach the default gateway (oAR), the serial interface s0
should 
be used. In this case, an MN will be sending all the outgoing packets to a
CN over 
the serial link s0. Now, even after MN moves from oAR to nAR, it will have
the 
same routing table entries. The only difference will be that the serial link
s0 
will terminate to nAR instead of oAR. The relocation of termination point of

the serial interface (s0) from oAR to nAR should be handled by the link
layer 
handoff. So, in this case also, mobile node should be able to send any
outgoing 
packets to a CN through the serial interface s0 as it was doing while
connected 
with oAR. Moreover, the nAR should be able to route any MN originated
outgoing 
packet to CN using standard IP routing. So, in case of serial link, we can 
probably afford to wait for default route update until standard Mobile/IP
registration 
is performed. I do agree this approach may not work for the Ethernet type of
MAC. 
BTW, as far as I know, most of today's bandwidth constraint links provide
serial 
connection between MN and AR. So, I guess we should make PrRtAdv as an
optional 
message rather than a mandatory one. I also see a possibility of CARD to
obtain the 
IP address of nAR. Please let me know in case I missed something.


The L2 address is needed for encapsulating the IP packet
in a L2 frame.

AJOY-> In case of serial link, L2 address is not required to be present 
in each and every L2 frame. Such information is only required during link
setup.

>
> How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
> provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
> provides such information?
>
> AJOY-> As I said, in case of network controlled handoff, both ARs
> can communicate to create visitor list entry for the Mobile
> node at the nAR. Why we need PrRtAdv in critical path in this
>

Visitor list entry? Do you mean host route entry?

Ajoy-> Yes, I used MIPv4 term.


> case? As far as I know, BETH can be implemented in any wireless
> technology capable of supporting network controlled handover.
> Even this can be extended for Mobile controlled handover.
> Please let me know in case you know of something where this can
> not be implemented.
>

The routers communicate to establish a host route entry for the MN
on the new AR. But, that does not help the MN in _sending_ packets
unless it has the new AR's addresses. The purpose of PrRtAdv is
to provide this information.

AJOY-> Probably this is not an issue when we have serial 
link between MN and AR. In this case, even if we 
do not update the default route of MN with nAR, all 
the packets sent over serial link will reach to nAR.
Mostly low bandwidth wireless links are serial
link. I still think, we should keep PrRtAdv as 
an optional message that should be sent by the nAR to MN
in case of Ethernet type of MAC. What you think?

As I asked in my questions, who provides this information? Are we
assuming that L2 trigger will be able to provide this? If yes, then I
am asking can we specify that in the base draft which ought to work
on all link types ? I also don't know which L2 type provides such
information today..

AJOY-> I was not assuming that L2 trigger will provide the
IP address of nAR. My assumption was that in serial
link, we can get away by without updating the default 
route at MN in critical path of handover. 

>
> Isn't this at best a recommendation
> to future L2 designers ?
>
> Ajoy-> To make something useful, we need to consider the
> need of present network. I will be skeptical to
> standardize something in the hope of being used in
> remote (?) future.
>

Good. I didn't say we should standardize this. I am saying to
expect something from link layers should be part of a wish list.


>
> In any case, can we specify that
> the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?
>
> 2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
>     on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
>     FBU ?
>
> AJOY-> In BETH, as far as I remember, oAR will start forwarding packets
> after receiving link down event.

But, my question is should we allow that even in the absence of
receiving an FBU? See the questions below (in my previous e-mail)..

AJOY-> Yes. But we should state that this should be implemented in 
case of secure link layer.

>
>
> I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
>     forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU. Doing
>     forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
>     proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
>     exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
>     L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
>     traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all possible
>     link layers ?
>
> AJOY-> Base protocol will just have to state that link layer must be
> secure. Since, we are not defining link layer triggers in
> base draft, we do not need to be concerned about how
> L2 trigger will be secured.
>

Well, how can we enforce that a particular L2 be secure in the base
draft ? In an IP protocol, we can certainly state that FBU must be
protected before traffic can be redirected.

AJOY-> I am not sure if IP can enforce the security of link layer. 
I think we should state the implication of using in-secure link layer 
triggers in security section of the draft.

>
> These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
> would like to know what you and others think.
>
> AJOY-> We are talking about fast handoff. So, we need a solution
> that can provide reliable fast handoff.
>

I agree we are talking about fast handover :-)
In what way is the protocol not robust ? It should work in
the presence of lost messages and should provide the desired
performance. I would be happy to address those considerations.


Also, could you comment specifically on how we can
avoid PrRtAdv and FBU ? That would be more useful.

AJOY-> Hopefully, I have addressed these points in
this email. 

Thanks,

-Rajeev


>
> Regards,
>
> -Rajeev
>
> "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
>
> > Hello Ajoy,
> >
> > > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> > > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> > > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> > > performance differences.
> > >
> > > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> > > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > > time ?
> >
> > Yes of course.
> >
> > > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > > of handover failure will increase.
> >
> > This statement by itself also make sense...
> >
> > But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> > Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> > why I was asking if your statements were based on
> > FMIPv6 experiments...
> >
> > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> >
> > > I do not think this has
> > > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > > similar behavior in either case.
> >
> > But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> > FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> > registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> > This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> > advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> > determine when the routing should change.. And this
> > should make a difference in the observed performance..
> >
> > alper


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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Mon, 29 Jul 2002 09:45:22 -0500
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This depends upon the radio condition and 
RF planning. But anyway in case of cellular
link only a few over the air messages are sent.
Typically, it is difficult to overlap 
L3 signaling with L2 signaling in same
time frame. 
regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Friday, July 26, 2002 8:22 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



Ajoy,

You missed my questions below.. Any data points on these areas?
I'm asking these specific to your cellular links...

> Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> get before the link is broken without any anticipation? 
> I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to 
> exchange some messages. Is there a window
> in which L3 can exchange packets?

alper




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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
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Thread-Topic: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing discussion
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From: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@tahoenetworks.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: "shima" <shimaemad@justmailz.com>, <mat@cisco.com>, <itojun@iijlab.net>,
        <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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=20
>=20
>=20
> >  > > In addition, the current draft requires not only HAO=20
> but  > also=20
> > BE. This  > > means all IPv6 nodes must implement a new extention=20
> > header  > (mobility
> >  > > header).
> >  >
> >  >
> >  > Correct.
> >  >
> > If you read section 9.4.6, "Sending Binding Errors", yes it is
> > correct. But reading section 6.3 "Home Address option", it says
> > that if a node does not understand this option, it should return
> > ICMP parameter problem. Are these in conflict ?
>=20
> No, ICMP is used if you don't recognize the option. This is=20
> standard behaviour in IPv6. BE is used if you understand the=20
> option but don't like the contents.
>=20
Agreed. But if you read section 8.1, "General requirements of all
IPv6 Nodes", it reads that all nodes MUST process Home address
option. But if you read section 6.3, it gives me an impression
that all nodes can choose not to recognise the option and send
an ICMP error back. This is a bit confusing to me. I hope all
this will get cleared up when we decide on the SHOULD or MUST on
the processing of home address option.

-mohan

P.S : I have removed ipng from the CC list.
> Jari
>=20
>=20
>=20

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charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
6.0.4417.0">
<TITLE>RE: [mobile-ip] Re: summary of HAO, BE processing =
discussion</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!-- Converted from text/plain format -->
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; &gt; In addition, the current =
draft requires not only HAO </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; but&nbsp; &gt; also </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; BE. This&nbsp; &gt; &gt; means all IPv6 =
nodes must implement a new extention </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; header&nbsp; &gt; (mobility</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; &gt; header).</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt; Correct.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp; &gt;</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; If you read section 9.4.6, &quot;Sending =
Binding Errors&quot;, yes it is</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; correct. But reading section 6.3 &quot;Home =
Address option&quot;, it says</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; that if a node does not understand this =
option, it should return</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; ICMP parameter problem. Are these in =
conflict ?</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; No, ICMP is used if you don't recognize the =
option. This is </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; standard behaviour in IPv6. BE is used if you =
understand the </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; option but don't like the contents.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Agreed. But if you read section 8.1, &quot;General =
requirements of all</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>IPv6 Nodes&quot;, it reads that all nodes MUST =
process Home address</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>option. But if you read section 6.3, it gives me an =
impression</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>that all nodes can choose not to recognise the option =
and send</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>an ICMP error back. This is a bit confusing to me. I =
hope all</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>this will get cleared up when we decide on the SHOULD =
or MUST on</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>the processing of home address option.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-mohan</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>P.S : I have removed ipng from the CC list.</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Jari</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From: Phillip Neumiller <PNeumiller@MeshNetworks.com>
To: "'Joseph Soma Reddy'" <soma@cwc.ucsd.edu>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Mon, 29 Jul 2002 14:33:36 -0400
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I guess OBAST was ahead of its time?

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Joseph Soma Reddy [mailto:soma@cwc.ucsd.edu]
> Sent: Friday, July 26, 2002 12:59 AM
> To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> 
> Hello all,
> I would like to point out that mobility protocol should not
> only ensure routing to mobile hosts, it should be able to
> support macrodiversity(i.e. soft handoff) which is very
> important in cdma systems. Macrodiversity is already being
> incorporated in systems like HDR(High Data Rate system from
> Qualcomm) where the mobile can move between different
> cell sectors before receiving each packet. With a good
> mobility scheme, it is possible to extend this and enable
> the mobile to handoff quickly between BS, which can result
> in coverage and capacity increase.
> 
> I have addressed this issue in a recent draft
> ("macrodiversity in IP based cellular networks"
> available at http://cwc.ucsd.edu/~soma ).
> The main conclusions were that the mobile should be able to
> handoff as soon as channel conditions changes(i.e. post-reg
> handoff) and that it should be possible to handoff without
> requiring any over-the-air signalling.
> I am concerned that the v5 draft provides for these
> mechanisms only as error conditions.
> 
> Another concern I have with respect to anticipated handoffs
> is that it seems to place requirements on the physical/link
> layers with respect to how channel conditions change(i.e. it
> assumes that they change gradually enough to be anticipated).
> This is not necessarily true even in current systems. For
> example, the so called "street corner effect" occurs in dense
> urban areas where the base stations are mounted on poletops.
> The coverage of these BS extends linearly(along a block) rather
> than omnidirectionally. A mobile user who turns a street corner
> in such an environment will lose line-of-sight with current BS
> and enter line-of-sight of another BS. This causes a sudden handoff
> which can only be handled by post-reg type of mobility.
> These type of situations are common in micro-cellular
> networks which will become more common in future
> as increased demand for capacity is met by reducing cell
> size.
> 
> Comments are appreciated.
> 
> Regards,
> Joseph
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
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From: Joseph Soma Reddy <soma@cwc.ucsd.edu>
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On Fri, 26 Jul 2002, Rajeev Koodli wrote:

> Hello Joseph,
>
> thanks for your input. I have some general comments first.
> An IP-based protocol has to work on all link types, while
> allowing individual links to customize the protocol for
> improving performance. If the protocol is based on the
> chatacteristics of a single link type, then the chances are the
> protocol won't work at all or won't work the way it should
> on all the link types.

I agree.

>
> Did you see my earlier posting in which I had asked few
> questions ? Those questions directly relate to your comment
> regarding over-the-air signaling. Specifically,
>
> - how do you inform the new AR's L2 and IP address to the MN ?
> - should we assume that L2 specific information is sufficient to
>    redirect traffic without explicit authorization (in the form of FBU)
>    from the MN ?
>
> These are broader questions, and are not specific to a particular
> link technology. I would be interested in hearing how your proposal
> would address these two key questions. I would also appreciate if you
> could take a look at my previous posting and respond to the questions
> there.

Signalling on cellular link introduces high delay. So it may
be useful to do away with it in some situations. I proposed
one way in "microbility strategies in IPCN"(available at
http://cwc.ucsd.edu/~soma ). Other mechansims have been
suggested in recent mails.
Of course, there is no need to include these mechanisms in
the current draft.

>
> > I would like to point out that mobility protocol should not
> > only ensure routing to mobile hosts, it should be able to
> > support macrodiversity(i.e. soft handoff) which is very
> > important in cdma systems. Macrodiversity is already being
> > incorporated in systems like HDR(High Data Rate system from
> > Qualcomm) where the mobile can move between different
> > cell sectors before receiving each packet. With a good
> > mobility scheme, it is possible to extend this and enable
> > the mobile to handoff quickly between BS, which can result
> > in coverage and capacity increase.
> >
>
> Role of IP in dealing with macrodiversity is an interesting topic and
> I am sure will spur lot of discussion. However, increasing capacity, or
> more generally, the topic of macrodiversity itself is not an objective
> of fast handover. If there is sufficient interest, I think this should
> be
> explored separately in the WG.

I am not suggesting that macrodiversity be included in this
draft. Rather, I was giving an example of a link layer
consideration that would influence the choice of
performing protocol operations "prior to" or "subsequent to"
handoff.
I think this choice will be dependent on particular L2
technology and there is no need for the current draft to
propose a preferred("prior to") mode and an error
condition("subsequent to").

>
>
> >
> > I have addressed this issue in a recent draft
> > ("macrodiversity in IP based cellular networks"
> > available at http://cwc.ucsd.edu/~soma ).
> > The main conclusions were that the mobile should be able to
> > handoff as soon as channel conditions changes(i.e. post-reg
> > handoff) and that it should be possible to handoff without
> > requiring any over-the-air signalling.
> > I am concerned that the v5 draft provides for these
> > mechanisms only as error conditions.
> >
>
> Well, if the AR does not change during such a handover,
> there is not anything for the protocol to do. One could argue
> that this is a matter of how you roll out the network.

The AR does change during handoff. But that does not
necessarily mean there should be over-the-air signalling, as
explained above.

>
> The v05 version allows tunnel establishment subsequent
> to the MN attaching to the new link. I don't know if you
> have followed the previous versions of the draft or not, but
> the reason for this is that the protocol begins on the old link
> and the FBU is anticipated to be sent from the old link.
> In any case, I have received comments that it would be better
> to explain this under a separate section, and I will do that.
>
>
> >
> > Another concern I have with respect to anticipated handoffs
> > is that it seems to place requirements on the physical/link
> > layers with respect to how channel conditions change(i.e. it
> > assumes that they change gradually enough to be anticipated).
> >
>
> Actually, there is no such assumption. If the MN does not receive
> PrRtAdv, it triggers tunnel establishment after attaching to the
> new link. If PrRtAdv can be delivered to the MN on the previous
> link, then, also providing the new router's prefix information
> facilitates faster new IP address configuration (aka anticipation).
> .............
> So, in order for the protocol to work on all link types without
> making specific assumptions about what _a_ link type "might be able
> to provide", and more importantly, to keep following the principle
> of specifying IP protocols for IETF standardization, we need to
> specify PrRtAdv and FBU.  At the same time, the draft should be
> able to allow L2-specific customizations.

I have no problem with specifiing PrRtAdv. But, in order to
work or all link layers, the protocol should also be able to
operate without it, depending instead on L2-specific
customizations. I understand the draft allows that.

Regards,
Joseph






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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Ajoy,

> This depends upon the radio condition and 
> RF planning. 

Sure. But I thought you could still answer this 
based on your experiments.

> But anyway in case of cellular
> link only a few over the air messages are sent.
> Typically, it is difficult to overlap 
> L3 signaling with L2 signaling in same
> time frame. 

These L3 signaling is just IP packets. 
Basically this says once L2 signaling starts
going on, IP packets are not guaranteed to
be delivered. This would create additional
latency on top of actual L2 blackout time between
link down and link up.. Right?

alper


> regards,
> ajoy 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 26, 2002 8:22 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'
> Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> 
> 
> Ajoy,
> 
> You missed my questions below.. Any data points on these areas?
> I'm asking these specific to your cellular links...
> 
> > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > get before the link is broken without any anticipation? 
> > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to 
> > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> 
> alper
> 
> 
> 



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Hello Ajoy,

thanks for your input. Some comments..

- I think PrRtAdv is needed in order to work on
    all link types. Note that the protocol does work
    when the MN moves without receiving it, i.e.,
    the tunnel is established subsequent to new link
    establishment. I think the scenario you describe
    could be covered by this with the addition that
    HI/HAck exchange could occur in response to
    the network detecting imminent handover.
    Also note that there is L2 signaling exchange
    for handover and it could very well be possible
    for PrRtAdv message to get through during this
    time period.

- I am still not convinced that we can avoid FBU
    by assuming a secure link layer. The issue is more
    of authorizing the network to redirect traffic. A
    secure link layer does not necessarily provide such
    a feature.  Besides, shouldn't we be focussing on
    IP and Mobile-IP related protocol exchange, rather
    than speculating the availability and features of
    secure link layers ?


Regards,

-Rajeev


Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:

> Hello Rajeev,
> Please find my inline reply.
> Regards,
> ajoy
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 26, 2002 4:35 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Cc: Alper E. YEGIN; 'Vijay Devarapalli'; 'James Kempf';
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
> Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
>
> >
> > Ajoy, Alper,
> >
> > I have few questions for you.
> >
> > 1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
> >      new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> > a) PrRtAdv provides this
> > b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
> >
> > AJOY-> In case of network-controlled handoff, why MN is required
> > to get the IP address of the new AR ? Could you clarify
> > this?
> >
>
> The MN needs an IP address of the gateway for a default
> Destination. If you have a unix system, "netstat -rn" should
> produce the route table entries that includes the Gateway
> address for default destination.
>
> AJOY-> BTW, when there is a serial pipe (link) between MN and AR, the MN
> should
> be able to route packet even without getting the actual IP address of the
> new
> AR. Suppose at some of point of time, MN is connected to oAR and
> using the IP address of oAR as the default gateway. Also, the routing table
> entry
> indicates that to reach the default gateway (oAR), the serial interface s0
> should
> be used. In this case, an MN will be sending all the outgoing packets to a
> CN over
> the serial link s0. Now, even after MN moves from oAR to nAR, it will have
> the
> same routing table entries. The only difference will be that the serial link
> s0
> will terminate to nAR instead of oAR. The relocation of termination point of
>
> the serial interface (s0) from oAR to nAR should be handled by the link
> layer
> handoff. So, in this case also, mobile node should be able to send any
> outgoing
> packets to a CN through the serial interface s0 as it was doing while
> connected
> with oAR. Moreover, the nAR should be able to route any MN originated
> outgoing
> packet to CN using standard IP routing. So, in case of serial link, we can
> probably afford to wait for default route update until standard Mobile/IP
> registration
> is performed. I do agree this approach may not work for the Ethernet type of
> MAC.
> BTW, as far as I know, most of today's bandwidth constraint links provide
> serial
> connection between MN and AR. So, I guess we should make PrRtAdv as an
> optional
> message rather than a mandatory one. I also see a possibility of CARD to
> obtain the
> IP address of nAR. Please let me know in case I missed something.
>
> The L2 address is needed for encapsulating the IP packet
> in a L2 frame.
>
> AJOY-> In case of serial link, L2 address is not required to be present
> in each and every L2 frame. Such information is only required during link
> setup.
>
> >
> > How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
> > provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
> > provides such information?
> >
> > AJOY-> As I said, in case of network controlled handoff, both ARs
> > can communicate to create visitor list entry for the Mobile
> > node at the nAR. Why we need PrRtAdv in critical path in this
> >
>
> Visitor list entry? Do you mean host route entry?
>
> Ajoy-> Yes, I used MIPv4 term.
>
> > case? As far as I know, BETH can be implemented in any wireless
> > technology capable of supporting network controlled handover.
> > Even this can be extended for Mobile controlled handover.
> > Please let me know in case you know of something where this can
> > not be implemented.
> >
>
> The routers communicate to establish a host route entry for the MN
> on the new AR. But, that does not help the MN in _sending_ packets
> unless it has the new AR's addresses. The purpose of PrRtAdv is
> to provide this information.
>
> AJOY-> Probably this is not an issue when we have serial
> link between MN and AR. In this case, even if we
> do not update the default route of MN with nAR, all
> the packets sent over serial link will reach to nAR.
> Mostly low bandwidth wireless links are serial
> link. I still think, we should keep PrRtAdv as
> an optional message that should be sent by the nAR to MN
> in case of Ethernet type of MAC. What you think?
>
> As I asked in my questions, who provides this information? Are we
> assuming that L2 trigger will be able to provide this? If yes, then I
> am asking can we specify that in the base draft which ought to work
> on all link types ? I also don't know which L2 type provides such
> information today..
>
> AJOY-> I was not assuming that L2 trigger will provide the
> IP address of nAR. My assumption was that in serial
> link, we can get away by without updating the default
> route at MN in critical path of handover.
>
> >
> > Isn't this at best a recommendation
> > to future L2 designers ?
> >
> > Ajoy-> To make something useful, we need to consider the
> > need of present network. I will be skeptical to
> > standardize something in the hope of being used in
> > remote (?) future.
> >
>
> Good. I didn't say we should standardize this. I am saying to
> expect something from link layers should be part of a wish list.
>
> >
> > In any case, can we specify that
> > the protocol operates based on this assumption on _all_ links ?
> >
> > 2. When does the previous AR actually start forwarding packets
> >     on the tunnel ? Should it do so even when it has not received a
> >     FBU ?
> >
> > AJOY-> In BETH, as far as I remember, oAR will start forwarding packets
> > after receiving link down event.
>
> But, my question is should we allow that even in the absence of
> receiving an FBU? See the questions below (in my previous e-mail)..
>
> AJOY-> Yes. But we should state that this should be implemented in
> case of secure link layer.
>
> >
> >
> > I think use of L2 triggers to more precisely time
> >     forwarding is useful when the router has received FBU. Doing
> >     forwarding in the absence of FBU is redirecting traffic without
> >     proper authorization, and as we have seen inMIPv6 security
> >     exercise, involves security considerations. Can we say here that
> >     L2 trigger will have the necessary authorization to redirect
> >     traffic ? Even so, how can a base spec generalize it to all possible
> >     link layers ?
> >
> > AJOY-> Base protocol will just have to state that link layer must be
> > secure. Since, we are not defining link layer triggers in
> > base draft, we do not need to be concerned about how
> > L2 trigger will be secured.
> >
>
> Well, how can we enforce that a particular L2 be secure in the base
> draft ? In an IP protocol, we can certainly state that FBU must be
> protected before traffic can be redirected.
>
> AJOY-> I am not sure if IP can enforce the security of link layer.
> I think we should state the implication of using in-secure link layer
> triggers in security section of the draft.
>
> >
> > These are the crucial questions that determine the trade-off. I
> > would like to know what you and others think.
> >
> > AJOY-> We are talking about fast handoff. So, we need a solution
> > that can provide reliable fast handoff.
> >
>
> I agree we are talking about fast handover :-)
> In what way is the protocol not robust ? It should work in
> the presence of lost messages and should provide the desired
> performance. I would be happy to address those considerations.
>
> Also, could you comment specifically on how we can
> avoid PrRtAdv and FBU ? That would be more useful.
>
> AJOY-> Hopefully, I have addressed these points in
> this email.
>
> Thanks,
>
> -Rajeev
>
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > -Rajeev
> >
> > "Alper E. YEGIN" wrote:
> >
> > > Hello Ajoy,
> > >
> > > > Generalizing "anticipated FMIPv4" results to "anticipated FMIP" and
> > > > then applying to "anticipated FMIPv6" without experimenting is not a
> > > > good idea. Protocols are sufficiently different to make considerable
> > > > performance differences.
> > > >
> > > > Ajoy-> I think claiming something works without proper data and
> > > > argument is also not a good idea. BTW, do you agree that due to higher
> > > > RTT of cellular link, FMIPv6 will require higher anticipation
> > > > time ?
> > >
> > > Yes of course.
> > >
> > > > As you increase anticipation time, the likelihood
> > > > of handover failure will increase.
> > >
> > > This statement by itself also make sense...
> > >
> > > But, the question is how much difference does it make?
> > > Experimentation can help answer this question, and this is
> > > why I was asking if your statements were based on
> > > FMIPv6 experiments...
> > >
> > > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > > get before the link is broken without any anticipation?
> > > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to
> > > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> > >
> > > > I do not think this has
> > > > anything to do with FMIPv6 or FMIPv4. You will observe
> > > > similar behavior in either case.
> > >
> > > But there is more... A fundamental difference between
> > > FMIPv6 and pre-reg FMIPv4 is that with the latter the
> > > registration request has to go all the way to home agent.
> > > This not only effects the latency, but also prevents taking
> > > advantage of L2 triggers on the oFA/oAR to precisely
> > > determine when the routing should change.. And this
> > > should make a difference in the observed performance..
> > >
> > > alper



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Message-ID: <013b01c2381e$820a4280$a66015ac@AlperVAIO>
From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E07862437@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com> <022b01c2343b$932efc40$a66015ac@AlperVAIO> <3D40A7DA.85A2A1D8@iprg.nokia.com> <02b201c2344d$de137b20$a66015ac@AlperVAIO> <02ec01c2380b$cbf8c870$296015ac@T23KEMPF>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Tue, 30 Jul 2002 16:11:59 -0700
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I think we need to include the complete question here:

  1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
       new AR ? I see the following possibilities
  a) PrRtAdv provides this
  b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA

  How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
  provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
  provides such information?

Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.

alper



----- Original Message -----
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
<rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
<vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


> > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > provides such information?
> >
> > I'm not aware of any...
> >
>
> I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple
> Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
> Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation",
Section
> 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter", and
> Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old but
> probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
>
> In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
controlled
> handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends a
layer
> 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base
station to
> which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating
whether
> handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the current
base
> station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in this
> specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
MAC
> layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power
and cell
> load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the
mobile goes
> below the specified handoff point.
>
> In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the IP
layer,
> what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the layer
2
> information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a
layer 3
> handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base
station
> has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using GAARD
or a
> preconfigured table.
>
> Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under
the NBAP
> and RNSAP RAN protocols.
>
> I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but I'm
working
> on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must provide
this
> information in some form, either before handover, as with the cellular
> protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before break,
without
> some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is simply
> impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it is not
possible
> to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break (not
soft
> handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary, since the
mobile
> can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on the
backward
> one.
>
>             jak
>
> (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo library, if
you care
> to check it out.)
>
>



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Subject: [mobile-ip] Columbia IP Micro-Mobility Suite (CIMS) -ns-2 simulation-
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Hello,

has anyone to gather experiencein investigations about hierarchical =
mobile ip with the Columbia IP Micro-Mobility Suite (CIMS)? Is that =
right, that it is possible to simulate a scenario which a ad hoc network =
and their nodes establish a internet connection over mobile ip? The =
interaction between e.g. aodv and mobile ip on layer 3/2?

Thanks. Best Regards, Michael.=20

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<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hello,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>has anyone to gather experiencein =

investigations about hierarchical mobile ip with the <FONT>Columbia IP=20
Micro-Mobility Suite (CIMS)? Is that right, that it is possible to =
simulate a=20
scenario which a ad hoc network and their&nbsp;nodes establish a =
internet=20
connection over mobile ip? The interaction between e.g. aodv and mobile =
ip on=20
layer&nbsp;3/2?</FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks. Best Regards,=20
Michael.</FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0026_01C23833.3CFE9500--



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Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 13:32:04 +0900
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
From: Hiroyuki OHNISHI <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Mobile IPv6 I-D 18:BA status value
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I have some comments about BA status value in I-D 18.

1. Typo: status value for insufficient resources

*6.1.8. Binding Acknowledgement (BA) Message

             130   Insufficient resources
             ~~~~
             131   Home registration not supported

*9.5. Cache Replacement Policy
    When attempting to add a new "home registration" entry in response
    to a Binding Update with the Home Registration (H) bit set, if no
    sufficient space can be found, the node MUST reject the Binding
    Update and MUST return a Binding Acknowledgement to the sending
    mobile node, in which the Status field is set to 131 (insufficient
                                                                      ~~~~~~~~
    resources).

2: Question: status value 136
(Route optimization unnecessary due to low traffic)

I do not understand clearly how to use this status value.
I am not sure that I missed some information about usage of this status value.
The followings are my assumptions.

*Case 1
HA measures the traffic that pass trough the HA. and if the amount of 
traffic is low,
the HA notifies MN that route optimization is not needed.
This status value is sent to the MN as BA for MN's home registration.
(Receiving the BA with 136, the MN does not try to initiate RR.)

*Case 2
Or is this value related to following description in 6.1.2?

6.1.2. Binding Refresh Request (BRR) Message

    [...] When a mobile node receives a
    packet containing a Binding Refresh Request message and there
    already exists a Binding Update List entry for the source of the
    Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability procedure
    (see Section 5.2) if it believes the amount of traffic with the
                             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    correspondent justifies the use of route optimization.

This means MN judges whether the MN uses RO or not depends
on the amount of traffic with CN when it receives BRR.
And if the amount is low enough, it sends BA with 136 to the CN?

---
Hiroyuki




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To: Hiroyuki OHNISHI <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobile IPv6 I-D 18:BA status value
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Hiroyuki OHNISHI wrote:


> *6.1.8. Binding Acknowledgement (BA) Message
> 
>             130   Insufficient resources
>             ~~~~
>             131   Home registration not supported
> 
> *9.5. Cache Replacement Policy
>    When attempting to add a new "home registration" entry in response
>    to a Binding Update with the Home Registration (H) bit set, if no
>    sufficient space can be found, the node MUST reject the Binding
>    Update and MUST return a Binding Acknowledgement to the sending
>    mobile node, in which the Status field is set to 131 (insufficient
>                                                                      
> ~~~~~~~~
>    resources).


Right...


> 2: Question: status value 136
> (Route optimization unnecessary due to low traffic)
> 
> I do not understand clearly how to use this status value.
> I am not sure that I missed some information about usage of this status 
> value.
> The followings are my assumptions.
> 
> *Case 1
> HA measures the traffic that pass trough the HA. and if the amount of 
> traffic is low,
> the HA notifies MN that route optimization is not needed.
> This status value is sent to the MN as BA for MN's home registration.
> (Receiving the BA with 136, the MN does not try to initiate RR.)
> 
> *Case 2
> Or is this value related to following description in 6.1.2?
> 
> 6.1.2. Binding Refresh Request (BRR) Message
> 
>    [...] When a mobile node receives a
>    packet containing a Binding Refresh Request message and there
>    already exists a Binding Update List entry for the source of the
>    Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability procedure
>    (see Section 5.2) if it believes the amount of traffic with the
>                             
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>    correspondent justifies the use of route optimization.
> 
> This means MN judges whether the MN uses RO or not depends
> on the amount of traffic with CN when it receives BRR.
> And if the amount is low enough, it sends BA with 136 to the CN?

Hmm... for sure this value is not for the home registrations. I don't
think the HA should be involved in traffic measurements either. If the
MN decides to not initiate RR and BU, it simply never sends any packets,
so the BRR does not need an error answer.

Where this error was meant to be used is when the CN supports RO, but
for this particular MN it does not want to give the service as it believes
there's too little traffic to benefit from RO.

Text is missing on how to use this.

However, I'm not really sure this is genuinely different from 130. 130
means "i don't have enough memory or signaling resources to establish
RO with you". Does that mean hitting a hard limit on available BCE entries,
or some value judgement on using a remaining BCE entry for this particular
MN, given some assessment of how much traffic we are going to have with that
MN? The trouble is, from the MN's point of view both of these look the same.
My suggestion is that we clarify the rules for using 130 and remove 136.

Issue #91.

Jari



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	Title		: Requirements of a QoS Solution for Mobile IP
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	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-qos-requirements-03.txt
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Mobile IP ensures correct routing of packets to mobile node as the
mobile node changes its point of attachment to the Internet.
However, it is also required to provide proper QoS forwarding
treatment to mobile node's packet stream at the intermediate nodes
in the network, so that QoS-sensitive IP services can be supported
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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli
	 <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 08:54:24 -0500
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Alper,

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Monday, July 29, 2002 3:25 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'
Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


Ajoy,

> This depends upon the radio condition and 
> RF planning. 

Sure. But I thought you could still answer this 
based on your experiments.

AJOY-> In our setup, we had approx 220ms window
to exchange all L2 and L3 messages. We found 
we were not able to complete the exchange 
of L2 and L2 exchange in the same  time frame.

> But anyway in case of cellular
> link only a few over the air messages are sent.
> Typically, it is difficult to overlap 
> L3 signaling with L2 signaling in same
> time frame. 

These L3 signaling is just IP packets.
Basically this says once L2 signaling starts
going on, IP packets are not guaranteed to
be delivered. 

AJOY-> Absoultely.  

This would create additional
latency on top of actual L2 blackout time between
link down and link up.. Right?

AJOY-> Correct  

alper


> regards,
> ajoy 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 26, 2002 8:22 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli'
> Cc: 'James Kempf'; Rajeev Koodli; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> 
> 
> 
> Ajoy,
> 
> You missed my questions below.. Any data points on these areas?
> I'm asking these specific to your cellular links...
> 
> > Also, how much heads up can the mobile terminal or the network
> > get before the link is broken without any anticipation? 
> > I presume link down doesn't happen instantly, at least L2 has to 
> > exchange some messages. Is there a window
> > in which L3 can exchange packets?
> 
> alper
> 
> 
> 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 31 10:00:31 2002
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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        James Kempf
	 <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
	 <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 08:59:18 -0500
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Alper,
In my previous reply to Rajeev, I explained why
MN is not required to know the L2 address of nAR 
in case of srial link. Why this question again? If you do 
not agree, please comment on my previous 
email.
Regards,
Ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:12 PM
To: James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


I think we need to include the complete question here:

  1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
       new AR ? I see the following possibilities
  a) PrRtAdv provides this
  b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA

  How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
  provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
  provides such information?

Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.

alper



----- Original Message -----
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
<rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
<vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions


> > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > provides such information?
> >
> > I'm not aware of any...
> >
>
> I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple
> Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
> Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation",
Section
> 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter", and
> Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old but
> probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
>
> In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
controlled
> handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends a
layer
> 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base
station to
> which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating
whether
> handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the current
base
> station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in this
> specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
MAC
> layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power
and cell
> load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the
mobile goes
> below the specified handoff point.
>
> In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the IP
layer,
> what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the layer
2
> information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a
layer 3
> handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base
station
> has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using GAARD
or a
> preconfigured table.
>
> Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under
the NBAP
> and RNSAP RAN protocols.
>
> I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but I'm
working
> on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must provide
this
> information in some form, either before handover, as with the cellular
> protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before break,
without
> some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is simply
> impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it is not
possible
> to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break (not
soft
> handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary, since the
mobile
> can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on the
backward
> one.
>
>             jak
>
> (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo library, if
you care
> to check it out.)
>
>


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Message-ID: <00fa01c238c6$1b643fb0$a66015ac@AlperVAIO>
From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
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References: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E07862461@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 12:10:47 -0700
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Hi Ajoy,

> Alper,
> In my previous reply to Rajeev, I explained why
> MN is not required to know the L2 address of nAR
> in case of srial link. Why this question again?

The reason I cut-and-pasted the same question from an
earlier message was to make sure that we were answering the
same question with James....

> If you do
> not agree, please comment on my previous
> email.

But now that you asked....
This is becoming more and more like a L2 handover mechanism,
now that the IP stack of MN doesn't even know it changed its
default router... Probably one can make this work, but making
serial link assumptions is also limiting...

alper

> Regards,
> Ajoy
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:12 PM
> To: James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
> Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
>
> I think we need to include the complete question here:
>
>   1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>        new AR ? I see the following possibilities
>   a) PrRtAdv provides this
>   b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
>
>   How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
>   provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
>   provides such information?
>
> Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
> I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
> that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.
>
> alper
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
> To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
> <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
> Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
> <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
>
> > > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > > provides such information?
> > >
> > > I'm not aware of any...
> > >
> >
> > I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division
Multiple
> > Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
> > Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation",
> Section
> > 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter",
and
> > Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old
but
> > probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
> >
> > In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
> controlled
> > handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends
a
> layer
> > 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base
> station to
> > which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating
> whether
> > handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the
current
> base
> > station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in
this
> > specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
> MAC
> > layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power
> and cell
> > load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the
> mobile goes
> > below the specified handoff point.
> >
> > In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the
IP
> layer,
> > what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the
layer
> 2
> > information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a
> layer 3
> > handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base
> station
> > has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using
GAARD
> or a
> > preconfigured table.
> >
> > Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under
> the NBAP
> > and RNSAP RAN protocols.
> >
> > I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but I'm
> working
> > on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must provide
> this
> > information in some form, either before handover, as with the cellular
> > protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before break,
> without
> > some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is
simply
> > impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it is not
> possible
> > to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break (not
> soft
> > handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary, since the
> mobile
> > can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on the
> backward
> > one.
> >
> >             jak
> >
> > (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo library, if
> you care
> > to check it out.)
> >
> >
>



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Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 12:27:00 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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CC: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
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        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
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Ajoy,


Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:

> Alper,
> In my previous reply to Rajeev, I explained why
> MN is not required to know the L2 address of nAR
> in case of srial link. Why this question again? If you do
>

I also responded to your input. I guess you agree that
an IP protocol has to supply this information in
order for it work on all links ? At the same time,
the protocol has to work if the MN moves without
receiving the PrRtAdv, which should cover your
scenario. So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
defines the messages necessary to work on all links
while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
does not mean that you remove the message from
the spec. Do you agree ?

Regards,

-Rajeev


> not agree, please comment on my previous
> email.
> Regards,
> Ajoy
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:12 PM
> To: James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
> Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
> I think we need to include the complete question here:
>
>   1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>        new AR ? I see the following possibilities
>   a) PrRtAdv provides this
>   b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
>
>   How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
>   provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
>   provides such information?
>
> Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
> I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
> that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.
>
> alper
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
> To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
> <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
> Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
> <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
> > > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > > provides such information?
> > >
> > > I'm not aware of any...
> > >
> >
> > I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple
> > Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
> > Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation",
> Section
> > 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter", and
> > Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old but
> > probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
> >
> > In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
> controlled
> > handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends a
> layer
> > 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base
> station to
> > which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating
> whether
> > handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the current
> base
> > station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in this
> > specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
> MAC
> > layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power
> and cell
> > load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the
> mobile goes
> > below the specified handoff point.
> >
> > In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the IP
> layer,
> > what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the layer
> 2
> > information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a
> layer 3
> > handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base
> station
> > has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using GAARD
> or a
> > preconfigured table.
> >
> > Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under
> the NBAP
> > and RNSAP RAN protocols.
> >
> > I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but I'm
> working
> > on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must provide
> this
> > information in some form, either before handover, as with the cellular
> > protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before break,
> without
> > some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is simply
> > impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it is not
> possible
> > to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break (not
> soft
> > handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary, since the
> mobile
> > can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on the
> backward
> > one.
> >
> >             jak
> >
> > (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo library, if
> you care
> > to check it out.)
> >
> >



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 31 15:40:33 2002
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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        James Kempf
	 <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 14:38:53 -0500
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So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
defines the messages necessary to work on all links
while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
does not mean that you remove the message from
the spec. Do you agree ?

AJOY-> I agree with this if you make PrRTAdv as 
an optional message. 


-----Original Message-----
From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2002 2:27 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
Cc: 'Alper E. YEGIN'; James Kempf; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



Ajoy,


Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:

> Alper,
> In my previous reply to Rajeev, I explained why
> MN is not required to know the L2 address of nAR
> in case of srial link. Why this question again? If you do
>

I also responded to your input. I guess you agree that
an IP protocol has to supply this information in
order for it work on all links ? At the same time,
the protocol has to work if the MN moves without
receiving the PrRtAdv, which should cover your
scenario. So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
defines the messages necessary to work on all links
while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
does not mean that you remove the message from
the spec. Do you agree ?

Regards,

-Rajeev


> not agree, please comment on my previous
> email.
> Regards,
> Ajoy
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:12 PM
> To: James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
> Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
> I think we need to include the complete question here:
>
>   1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>        new AR ? I see the following possibilities
>   a) PrRtAdv provides this
>   b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
>
>   How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
>   provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
>   provides such information?
>
> Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
> I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
> that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.
>
> alper
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
> To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
> <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
> Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
> <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
> > > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > > provides such information?
> > >
> > > I'm not aware of any...
> > >
> >
> > I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division
Multiple
> > Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
> > Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation",
> Section
> > 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter",
and
> > Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old
but
> > probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
> >
> > In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
> controlled
> > handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends
a
> layer
> > 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base
> station to
> > which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating
> whether
> > handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the
current
> base
> > station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in
this
> > specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
> MAC
> > layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power
> and cell
> > load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the
> mobile goes
> > below the specified handoff point.
> >
> > In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the
IP
> layer,
> > what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the
layer
> 2
> > information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a
> layer 3
> > handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base
> station
> > has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using
GAARD
> or a
> > preconfigured table.
> >
> > Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under
> the NBAP
> > and RNSAP RAN protocols.
> >
> > I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but I'm
> working
> > on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must provide
> this
> > information in some form, either before handover, as with the cellular
> > protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before break,
> without
> > some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is
simply
> > impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it is not
> possible
> > to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break (not
> soft
> > handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary, since the
> mobile
> > can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on the
> backward
> > one.
> >
> >             jak
> >
> > (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo library, if
> you care
> > to check it out.)
> >
> >


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Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 12:49:19 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
CC: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ? 
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Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:

> So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
> defines the messages necessary to work on all links
> while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
> does not mean that you remove the message from
> the spec. Do you agree ?
>
> AJOY-> I agree with this if you make PrRTAdv as
> an optional message.

This question is for the WG to decide. What do others
think ? Should we make PrRtAdv an optional message ?
Interop implications ?

-Rajeev


>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2002 2:27 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Cc: 'Alper E. YEGIN'; James Kempf; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
> Ajoy,
>
> Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
>
> > Alper,
> > In my previous reply to Rajeev, I explained why
> > MN is not required to know the L2 address of nAR
> > in case of srial link. Why this question again? If you do
> >
>
> I also responded to your input. I guess you agree that
> an IP protocol has to supply this information in
> order for it work on all links ? At the same time,
> the protocol has to work if the MN moves without
> receiving the PrRtAdv, which should cover your
> scenario. So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
> defines the messages necessary to work on all links
> while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
> does not mean that you remove the message from
> the spec. Do you agree ?
>
> Regards,
>
> -Rajeev
>
> > not agree, please comment on my previous
> > email.
> > Regards,
> > Ajoy
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:12 PM
> > To: James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
> > Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> > mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > I think we need to include the complete question here:
> >
> >   1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
> >        new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> >   a) PrRtAdv provides this
> >   b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
> >
> >   How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
> >   provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
> >   provides such information?
> >
> > Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
> > I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
> > that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.
> >
> > alper
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
> > To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
> > <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
> > Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
> > <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> > Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > > > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > > > provides such information?
> > > >
> > > > I'm not aware of any...
> > > >
> > >
> > > I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division
> Multiple
> > > Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
> > > Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation",
> > Section
> > > 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter",
> and
> > > Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old
> but
> > > probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
> > >
> > > In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
> > controlled
> > > handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends
> a
> > layer
> > > 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base
> > station to
> > > which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating
> > whether
> > > handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the
> current
> > base
> > > station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in
> this
> > > specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
> > MAC
> > > layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power
> > and cell
> > > load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the
> > mobile goes
> > > below the specified handoff point.
> > >
> > > In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the
> IP
> > layer,
> > > what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the
> layer
> > 2
> > > information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a
> > layer 3
> > > handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base
> > station
> > > has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using
> GAARD
> > or a
> > > preconfigured table.
> > >
> > > Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under
> > the NBAP
> > > and RNSAP RAN protocols.
> > >
> > > I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but I'm
> > working
> > > on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must provide
> > this
> > > information in some form, either before handover, as with the cellular
> > > protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before break,
> > without
> > > some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is
> simply
> > > impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it is not
> > possible
> > > to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break (not
> > soft
> > > handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary, since the
> > mobile
> > > can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on the
> > backward
> > > one.
> > >
> > >             jak
> > >
> > > (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo library, if
> > you care
> > > to check it out.)
> > >
> > >



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 31 16:20:41 2002
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Message-ID: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E07862463@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
	 <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 15:19:23 -0500
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Hello Alper,
Please find my inline reply.
Regards,
Ajoy 

But now that you asked....
This is becoming more and more like a L2 handover mechanism,
now that the IP stack of MN doesn't even know it changed its
default router... Probably one can make this work, but making
serial link assumptions is also limiting...

AJOY-> I do not agree that this is becoming more or more 
like L2 handoff mechanism. MN always have option to 
perform Mobile/IP registration if required. The 
proposed solution only enables fast handoff 
to work more efficiently. 

-----Original Message-----
From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2002 2:11 PM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions



Hi Ajoy,

> Alper,
> In my previous reply to Rajeev, I explained why
> MN is not required to know the L2 address of nAR
> in case of srial link. Why this question again?

The reason I cut-and-pasted the same question from an
earlier message was to make sure that we were answering the
same question with James....

> If you do
> not agree, please comment on my previous
> email.

But now that you asked....
This is becoming more and more like a L2 handover mechanism,
now that the IP stack of MN doesn't even know it changed its
default router... Probably one can make this work, but making
serial link assumptions is also limiting...

alper

> Regards,
> Ajoy
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:12 PM
> To: James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
> Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
>
> I think we need to include the complete question here:
>
>   1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
>        new AR ? I see the following possibilities
>   a) PrRtAdv provides this
>   b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
>
>   How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
>   provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
>   provides such information?
>
> Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
> I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
> that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.
>
> alper
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
> To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
> <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
> Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay Devarapalli'"
> <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
>
> > > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > > provides such information?
> > >
> > > I'm not aware of any...
> > >
> >
> > I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division
Multiple
> > Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
> > Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation",
> Section
> > 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter",
and
> > Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old
but
> > probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
> >
> > In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
> controlled
> > handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends
a
> layer
> > 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base
> station to
> > which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating
> whether
> > handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the
current
> base
> > station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in
this
> > specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
> MAC
> > layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power
> and cell
> > load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the
> mobile goes
> > below the specified handoff point.
> >
> > In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the
IP
> layer,
> > what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the
layer
> 2
> > information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a
> layer 3
> > handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base
> station
> > has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using
GAARD
> or a
> > preconfigured table.
> >
> > Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under
> the NBAP
> > and RNSAP RAN protocols.
> >
> > I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but I'm
> working
> > on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must provide
> this
> > information in some form, either before handover, as with the cellular
> > protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before break,
> without
> > some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is
simply
> > impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it is not
> possible
> > to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break (not
> soft
> > handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary, since the
> mobile
> > can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on the
> backward
> > one.
> >
> >             jak
> >
> > (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo library, if
> you care
> > to check it out.)
> >
> >
>


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Jul 31 22:13:11 2002
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Message-ID: <008001c23900$aab35d60$a86015ac@T23KEMPF>
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Fw: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 19:10:52 -0700
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> > Which L2 trigger today
> > provides such information?
>
> I'm not aware of any...
>

 I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple
Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz PCS
Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff Operation", Section
12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff Parameter", and
Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little old but
probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.

In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network controlled
handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile sends a layer
2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target base station to
which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response indicating whether
handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the current base
station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3" in the
specification text actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would be the
MAC
layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage power and cell
load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on the mobile goes
below the specified handoff point.

In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at the IP layer,
what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case, the layer 2
information should be sufficient to allow the base station to perform a layer 3
handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the base station
has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address, using Seamoby
CARD protocol or a preconfigured table.

Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried under the NBAP
and RNSAP RAN protocols, so this protocol is not seen by the GPRS IP layer.

This is, of course, just one example. Can you explain how a wireless protocol
would
switch the link without providing either the old access point with a link layer
identifier
of the new or vice versa? Can you supply an example of such a protocol?

An exception is make before break. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make
before
break (not soft handover) like flash OFDM does, none of the fast handover
protocols are
necessary, since the mobile can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its
traffic
on the backward one.

             jak




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Message-ID: <008a01c23900$e91e5e60$a86015ac@T23KEMPF>
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ? 
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 19:12:35 -0700
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> > So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
> > defines the messages necessary to work on all links
> > while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
> > does not mean that you remove the message from
> > the spec. Do you agree ?
> >
> > AJOY-> I agree with this if you make PrRTAdv as
> > an optional message.
>
> This question is for the WG to decide. What do others
> think ? Should we make PrRtAdv an optional message ?

It should be optional.

> Interop implications ?
>

We have worked out the necessary interoperability in our implementation of draft
04. We can provide you with the necessary text.

                jak




