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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Rajeev Koodli '" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 '"
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
Cc: "''Alper E. YEGIN' '" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'James Kempf '"
	 <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "''Vijay Devarapalli' '"
	 <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com '"
	 <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmi
	pv6 ? 
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2002 08:19:55 +0200 
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Catching up with the thread.

> So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
> defines the messages necessary to work on all links
> while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
> does not mean that you remove the message from
> the spec. Do you agree ?
>
> AJOY-> I agree with this if you make PrRTAdv as
> an optional message.

This question is for the WG to decide. What do others
think ? Should we make PrRtAdv an optional message ?

=> NO! This is making the handover prediction
in the MN optional, non starter.

Interop implications ?

=> And unacceptable link layer dependencies.

Hesham


>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2002 2:27 PM
> To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
> Cc: 'Alper E. YEGIN'; James Kempf; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
>
> Ajoy,
>
> Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 wrote:
>
> > Alper,
> > In my previous reply to Rajeev, I explained why
> > MN is not required to know the L2 address of nAR
> > in case of srial link. Why this question again? If you do
> >
>
> I also responded to your input. I guess you agree that
> an IP protocol has to supply this information in
> order for it work on all links ? At the same time,
> the protocol has to work if the MN moves without
> receiving the PrRtAdv, which should cover your
> scenario. So, my suggestion is that the base protocol
> defines the messages necessary to work on all links
> while it also allows for scenarios such as yours. This
> does not mean that you remove the message from
> the spec. Do you agree ?
>
> Regards,
>
> -Rajeev
>
> > not agree, please comment on my previous
> > email.
> > Regards,
> > Ajoy
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Alper E. YEGIN [mailto:alper@docomolabs-usa.com]
> > Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:12 PM
> > To: James Kempf; Rajeev Koodli
> > Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Vijay Devarapalli';
> > mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > I think we need to include the complete question here:
> >
> >   1. How does the MN get the L2 address and IP address of the
> >        new AR ? I see the following possibilities
> >   a) PrRtAdv provides this
> >   b) upon establishing a new link, the MN does RS and gets an RA
> >
> >   How can you avoid PrRtAdv ? Can we assume that L2 trigger
> >   provides the necessary information ? Which L2 trigger today
> >   provides such information?
> >
> > Does MN really get "L2 and IP address of the new AR"?
> > I see MN is aware of the L2 id of the Base Stations, but note
> > that this is not same as L2 id of AR(s) behind them.
> >
> > alper
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
> > To: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>; "Rajeev Koodli"
> > <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
> > Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>; "'Vijay
Devarapalli'"
> > <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
> > Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 1:58 PM
> > Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Fast Handover draft: proposed revisions
> >
> > > > > Which L2 trigger today
> > > > > provides such information?
> > > >
> > > > I'm not aware of any...
> > > >
> > >
> > > I refer you to "Draft Standard for W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division
> Multiple
> > > Access) Air Interface Compatibility Standard for 1.85 to 1.99 GHz
PCS
> > > Applications", ANSI J-STD-015, 1998, Section 11.7 "Handoff
Operation",
> > Section
> > > 12.2.4.3, "Handoff Messages," Section 12.2.5.3.7, "Handoff
Parameter",
> and
> > > Section 12.25.3.8, "Handoff Indication". This version is a little
old
> but
> > > probably not very far off from the current W-CDMA specification.
> > >
> > > In Section 11.7, the procedures for mobile controlled and network
> > controlled
> > > handover are described. In the mobile controlled case, the mobile
sends
> a
> > layer
> > > 2 identifier to the current base station indicating the target
base
> > station to
> > > which the mobile wants to hand over, and gets back a response
indicating
> > whether
> > > handover is allowed or denied. In the network controlled case, the
> current
> > base
> > > station sends the same information to the mobile. (Note: "layer 3"
in
> this
> > > specification actually refers to what from the IP viewpoint would
be the
> > MAC
> > > layer, or layer 2). The network controlled case is used to manage
power
> > and cell
> > > load, the mobile controlled case is used when the power level on
the
> > mobile goes
> > > below the specified handoff point.
> > >
> > > In either case, the SolPrRtAdv and PrRtAdv of FMIPv6 duplicate, at
the
> IP
> > layer,
> > > what W-CDMA already does at the MAC layer. Also in either case,
the
> layer
> > 2
> > > information should be sufficient to allow the base station to
perform a
> > layer 3
> > > handover without any over the air layer 3 signaling, provided the
base
> > station
> > > has a way to map the target base station id to an IP address,
using
> GAARD
> > or a
> > > preconfigured table.
> > >
> > > Of course, in the R99 UTRAN, the actual W-CDMA protocol is buried
under
> > the NBAP
> > > and RNSAP RAN protocols.
> > >
> > > I don't have access to an IS-2000 specification at the moment, but
I'm
> > working
> > > on getting the same information. Other wireless link layers must
provide
> > this
> > > information in some form, either before handover, as with the
cellular
> > > protocols, or afterwards, as with 802.11. Barring make before
break,
> > without
> > > some information at layer 2 about where the mobile is going, it is
> simply
> > > impossible for the link to get switched, and, without a link, it
is not
> > possible
> > > to do IP. If the layer 2 protocol supports real make before break
(not
> > soft
> > > handover), none of the fast handover protocols are necessary,
since the
> > mobile
> > > can do RS/RA on the forward link while receiving its traffic on
the
> > backward
> > > one.
> > >
> > >             jak
> > >
> > > (fyi, Alper, the specification in question is in the DoCoMo
library, if
> > you care
> > > to check it out.)
> > >
> > >


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Subject: [mobile-ip] I-D ACTION:draft-nomad-mobileip-filters-02.txt
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Filters for Mobile IP Bindings (NOMAD)
	Author(s)	: N. Fikouras et al.
	Filename	: draft-nomad-mobileip-filters-02.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 31-Jul-02
	
In Mobile IP, a mobile node that maintains simultaneous bindings will
receive at each registered care-of address a duplicate copy of every 
datagram from every active flow. However, a mobile node with multiple 
points of attachment may wish to receive different flows at each one. 
The purpose of this document is to enable mobile nodes to associate a 
list of filters with a binding during its establishment 
(registration, binding update). In this manner, a mobile node may 
select for each flow the most appropriate point of attachment. In 
order not to violate layer independence, the filtering of individual 
flows or groups of them is managed through flow description 
components made available by existing approaches to QoS support.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Aug  1 15:38:51 2002
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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobile IPv6 I-D 18:BA status value
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> 6.1.2. Binding Refresh Request (BRR) Message
> 
>     [...] When a mobile node receives a
>     packet containing a Binding Refresh Request message and there
>     already exists a Binding Update List entry for the source of the
>     Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability procedure
>     (see Section 5.2) if it believes the amount of traffic with the
>                             
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>     correspondent justifies the use of route optimization.
> 
> This means MN judges whether the MN uses RO or not depends
> on the amount of traffic with CN when it receives BRR.

Yes. Just like the MN initially decides when to first initiate a BU procedure,
it isn't required to refresh the binding when it receives the BRR.
The MN can presumably use whatever information it has (amount of traffic,
the type of traffic, the phase of the moon) to determine which CNs it
wants to use RO with at any given time. 
The high level point is that the BRR is a hint that the CN would like to
see the binding refreshed.

> And if the amount is low enough, it sends BA with 136 to the CN?

Sending a BA in response to a BRR seems odd.
I've been assuming the MN would just silently ignore the BRR if the MN
doesn't see a need to refresh the binding. Perhaps this should be made
explicit in the spec?

  Erik



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Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2002 19:25:11 +0200 (CEST)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ? 
To: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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> This question is for the WG to decide. What do others
> think ? Should we make PrRtAdv an optional message ?
> Interop implications ?

I'm having a hard time understanding the question without a specification
that I can read which goes into detail of what messages are sent and received
in which cases.

If there are link layers where this message isn't useful at all, then it
isn't useful for those link layers. As long as all the MNs and ARs in fact
know that they are operating over such a link layer (which is an implementation
issue; my IP stack doesn't know whether it is operating over Ethernet or
802.11 for instance), then it might be reasonable to state that the message is
optional *when running over that link layer*.

But I think the high-order bit is that such a message might not provide any
utility on particular link layers.

My 2 cents,
  Erik



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Date: Thu, 01 Aug 2002 13:00:18 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
CC: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
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Hello Erik,

Erik Nordmark wrote:

> > This question is for the WG to decide. What do others
> > think ? Should we make PrRtAdv an optional message ?
> > Interop implications ?
>
> I'm having a hard time understanding the question without a specification
> that I can read which goes into detail of what messages are sent and received
> in which cases.

The draft has so far addressed a base protocol that should work on all
link types. Here is the URL.
http://people.nokia.net/~rajeev/draft-ietf-mobileip-fast-mip6-05.txt

The debate is now on whether we could optimize the protocol for certain
link types.

>
>
> If there are link layers where this message isn't useful at all, then it
> isn't useful for those link layers. As long as all the MNs and ARs in fact
> know that they are operating over such a link layer (which is an implementation
> issue; my IP stack doesn't know whether it is operating over Ethernet or
> 802.11 for instance), then it might be reasonable to state that the message is
> optional *when running over that link layer*.
>

Ok. Although, I do not know of *existing* link layers where
the functionality is provided by the link layer with the qualifier
that serial links need consideration.

>
> But I think the high-order bit is that such a message might not provide any
> utility on particular link layers.
>

OK. It would be good enlist those link layers that offer the
same functionality today or are required to provide in
future.

Thanks,

-Rajeev


>
> My 2 cents,
>   Erik



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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Erik Nordmark" <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Cc: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
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References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028222711.5164.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D499352.5F5652A@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
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> > If there are link layers where this message isn't useful at all, then it
> > isn't useful for those link layers. As long as all the MNs and ARs in fact
> > know that they are operating over such a link layer (which is an
implementation
> > issue; my IP stack doesn't know whether it is operating over Ethernet or
> > 802.11 for instance), then it might be reasonable to state that the message
is
> > optional *when running over that link layer*.
> >
>
> Ok. Although, I do not know of *existing* link layers where
> the functionality is provided by the link layer with the qualifier
> that serial links need consideration.
>

See my message sent out yesterday on wCDMA. The message is unnecessary there
because it duplicates information exchanged at the link layer. I believe IS-2000
is a similar situation, but I have not checked.

> >
> > But I think the high-order bit is that such a message might not provide any
> > utility on particular link layers.
> >
>
> OK. It would be good enlist those link layers that offer the
> same functionality today or are required to provide in
> future.
>

 Do you mean compile a list of such link layers?

            jak



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From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
CC: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028222711.5164.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D499352.5F5652A@iprg.nokia.com> <011501c239ac$2c9781c0$296015ac@T23KEMPF>
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James Kempf wrote:

> > > If there are link layers where this message isn't useful at all, then it
> > > isn't useful for those link layers. As long as all the MNs and ARs in fact
> > > know that they are operating over such a link layer (which is an
> implementation
> > > issue; my IP stack doesn't know whether it is operating over Ethernet or
> > > 802.11 for instance), then it might be reasonable to state that the message
> is
> > > optional *when running over that link layer*.
> > >
> >
> > Ok. Although, I do not know of *existing* link layers where
> > the functionality is provided by the link layer with the qualifier
> > that serial links need consideration.
> >
>
> See my message sent out yesterday on wCDMA. The message is unnecessary there
> because it duplicates information exchanged at the link layer. I believe IS-2000
> is a similar situation, but I have not checked.
>

I read your message, but did not understand how the MN
gets the L2 address and IP address of the target access router, which
is what it needs to send packets. It seemed like what the MN is
getting is the BSSID of the target base station. Am I missing
something ?


>
> > >
> > > But I think the high-order bit is that such a message might not provide any
> > > utility on particular link layers.
> > >
> >
> > OK. It would be good enlist those link layers that offer the
> > same functionality today or are required to provide in
> > future.
> >
>
>  Do you mean compile a list of such link layers?
>

Yes, so that we know if majority of link layers already
supply the information needed.

-Rajeev


>
>             jak



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From: "Wang Hui" <whui@mail.ustc.edu.cn>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] drivers  supported layer 2 triggers ....?
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 09:38:46 +0800
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 Hello folks here,
 
Sorry to bother u here.  I see many discussion on fast handover and the related issues - triggers.

 I am doing some research about the fast handover of mobile ip.
 And I want to implement some prototypes of my idea in wlan(802.11b) to gain some experimental data .  To setup the wlan, one things is to buy the wireless card
 and find the matched driver.    There are tons of wireless card supporting 802.11b and I dont know how to choose the suitable one.   I think different card with different drivers will result in different supporting level of wirelss functions.  Triggers supporting is my most interesting functions.
 We have ordered linksys card for testing.  Now before I get the card, I have a question that is whether the drivers of linksys supporting some layer 2 triggers??  If supporting, what  are the supported triggers in the current software?

Or any suggestion on choosing wireless card(802.11b)?  More triggers, more better.  ;)
 
 I am looking forward to your voice and any suggestion is appreciated.
 
 best,
 W.Hui
 --
  Wang Hui
  Next Generation Internet Research Team,
  InfoNet Lab, USTC
  http://mail.ustc.edu.cn/~whui
  Tel: +86-551-3603634




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Message-ID: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E07862467@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        James Kempf
	 <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmi
	pv6 ?
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 09:23:30 -0500 
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I read your message, but did not understand how the MN
gets the L2 address and IP address of the target access router, which
is what it needs to send packets. It seemed like what the MN is
getting is the BSSID of the target base station. Am I missing
something ?
AJOY-> As far as I know, WCDMA also provides serial link 
between MN and AR. So, I am not sure why it is must 
for MN to know L2 address and IP address of the nAR ? 
Could you clarify? 


-----Original Message-----
From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Thursday, August 01, 2002 7:17 PM
To: James Kempf
Cc: Erik Nordmark; Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Alper E. YEGIN'; 'Vijay
Devarapalli'; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in
fmipv6 ?


James Kempf wrote:

> > > If there are link layers where this message isn't useful at all, then it
> > > isn't useful for those link layers. As long as all the MNs and ARs in fact
> > > know that they are operating over such a link layer (which is an
> implementation
> > > issue; my IP stack doesn't know whether it is operating over Ethernet or
> > > 802.11 for instance), then it might be reasonable to state that the message
> is
> > > optional *when running over that link layer*.
> > >
> >
> > Ok. Although, I do not know of *existing* link layers where
> > the functionality is provided by the link layer with the qualifier
> > that serial links need consideration.
> >
>
> See my message sent out yesterday on wCDMA. The message is unnecessary there
> because it duplicates information exchanged at the link layer. I believe IS-2000
> is a similar situation, but I have not checked.
>

I read your message, but did not understand how the MN
gets the L2 address and IP address of the target access router, which
is what it needs to send packets. It seemed like what the MN is
getting is the BSSID of the target base station. Am I missing
something ?


>
> > >
> > > But I think the high-order bit is that such a message might not provide any
> > > utility on particular link layers.
> > >
> >
> > OK. It would be good enlist those link layers that offer the
> > same functionality today or are required to provide in
> > future.
> >
>
>  Do you mean compile a list of such link layers?
>

Yes, so that we know if majority of link layers already
supply the information needed.

-Rajeev


>
>             jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  2 10:42:00 2002
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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>,
        James Kempf
	 <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmi
	pv6 ?
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 09:41:31 -0500 
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Yes, so that we know if majority of link layers already
supply the information needed.

AJOY-> I can see link layer such as CDMA (IS-2000, WCDMA, IS-95A,
IS-95B), TDMA (GSM, GPRS, IS-136) provides serial link connection between
MN and AR. Correct me if I mis-stated? I do not claim to 
be expert in all mentioned link layers? On other handoff
I can see 802.11 provides CSMA/CA type of MAC. Could you 
please list all the link layers where MN will really need 
L2 address as well as IP address of nAR to send any packet
out? 

-----Original Message-----
From: Rajeev Koodli [mailto:rajeev@iprg.nokia.com]
Sent: Thursday, August 01, 2002 7:17 PM
To: James Kempf
Cc: Erik Nordmark; Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Alper E. YEGIN'; 'Vijay
Devarapalli'; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in
fmipv6 ?


James Kempf wrote:

> > > If there are link layers where this message isn't useful at all, then it
> > > isn't useful for those link layers. As long as all the MNs and ARs in fact
> > > know that they are operating over such a link layer (which is an
> implementation
> > > issue; my IP stack doesn't know whether it is operating over Ethernet or
> > > 802.11 for instance), then it might be reasonable to state that the message
> is
> > > optional *when running over that link layer*.
> > >
> >
> > Ok. Although, I do not know of *existing* link layers where
> > the functionality is provided by the link layer with the qualifier
> > that serial links need consideration.
> >
>
> See my message sent out yesterday on wCDMA. The message is unnecessary there
> because it duplicates information exchanged at the link layer. I believe IS-2000
> is a similar situation, but I have not checked.
>

I read your message, but did not understand how the MN
gets the L2 address and IP address of the target access router, which
is what it needs to send packets. It seemed like what the MN is
getting is the BSSID of the target base station. Am I missing
something ?


>
> > >
> > > But I think the high-order bit is that such a message might not provide any
> > > utility on particular link layers.
> > >
> >
> > OK. It would be good enlist those link layers that offer the
> > same functionality today or are required to provide in
> > future.
> >
>
>  Do you mean compile a list of such link layers?
>

Yes, so that we know if majority of link layers already
supply the information needed.

-Rajeev


>
>             jak


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  2 11:42:30 2002
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Message-ID: <000b01c23a3a$a72c07b0$296015ac@T23KEMPF>
From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Rajeev Koodli" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Erik Nordmark" <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 08:38:30 -0700
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 >
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> I read your message, but did not understand how the MN
> gets the L2 address and IP address of the target access router, which
> is what it needs to send packets. It seemed like what the MN is
> getting is the BSSID of the target base station. Am I missing
> something ?
>

That requires the Seamoby CARD protocol, or a static table mapping the BS id to
the target router id. The same procedure is required by any radio protocol in
which the base station is not integrated with the access router, and it would
even be required if PrRtAdv were sent, in order that the old AR could get the
new AR's IP address for the HI/HaCK.

>
> Yes, so that we know if majority of link layers already
> supply the information needed.
>

Here is a start at a list:

    wCDMA - PrRtAdv not necessary, BS id of target BS is supplied by L2
signaling, mapped to router L2/IP address
                      via Seamoby CARD protocol or a static table on BS/old AR.
    IS-2000 - Same as wCDMA (but needs confirmation)
    flash OFDM - Fast handover not necessary. Wireless layer 2 is capable of
true make-before-break, so the mobile
                          can conduct RS/RA and binding updates on the forward
channel to the new BS while getting its traffic
                          on the backward channel.
    802.11a,b,g-  PrRtAdv and SolPrRtAdv not possible in a portable way, since
802.11 standard provides no prehandover
                          signaling on the mobile or access point. Nonportable,
proprietary extensions to some product drivers
                          to provide signal strength may allow use, but depends
on product firmware.
    Bluetooth - The standard Bluetooth IP profile requires IP to run over PPP,
so fast handover is probably not an option.
                      (Aside: is somebody looking at how Mobile IP would work
with PPP for Bluetooth?)
    Hyperlan - ??? (is Hyperlan still important?)
    GSM - ??? ( is it important? GPRS hides the radio protocol fairly deeply?)

If anyone is more familiar with these radio protocols, or others that I have
missed, please reply with corrections.

                jak



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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Erik Nordmark" <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        "Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1" <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
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References: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E07862467@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
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Ajoy,

> AJOY-> As far as I know, WCDMA also provides serial link
> between MN and AR. So, I am not sure why it is must
> for MN to know L2 address and IP address of the nAR ?
> Could you clarify?
>

I wasn't talking about the UTRAN/GPRS protocols, I was just talking about the
radio protocol wCDMA.

If you look at the whole UTRAN/GPRS, it results in a connection-oriented setup
like a serial link terminating at the GGSN (PDP context). They can also set up
using PPP. But the wCDMA radio protocol has nothing in it (as far as I can tell)
that requires this. Someone having more familiarity with the protocol can
correct me if I am wrong.

            jak



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From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1
	 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmi
	pv6 ?
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 11:37:50 -0500 
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I wasn't talking about the UTRAN/GPRS protocols, I was just talking about
the
radio protocol wCDMA.

AJOY-> Ok

If you look at the whole UTRAN/GPRS, it results in a connection-oriented
setup
like a serial link terminating at the GGSN (PDP context). can also set up
using PPP. But the wCDMA radio protocol has nothing in it (as far as I can
tell)
that requires this. Someone having more familiarity with the protocol can
correct me if I am wrong.

AJOY-> Sure, you can can replace UTRAN/GRPS with something else. 
I did say that you were wrong. I just mentioned that 
current WCDMA based network provides serial link between
MN and AR. This is going to remain same unless
the WCDMA MAC is changed drastically.

-----Original Message-----
From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Friday, August 02, 2002 11:19 AM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Rajeev Koodli'
Cc: Erik Nordmark; Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Alper E. YEGIN'; 'Vijay
Devarapalli'; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in
fmipv6 ?


Ajoy,

> AJOY-> As far as I know, WCDMA also provides serial link
> between MN and AR. So, I am not sure why it is must
> for MN to know L2 address and IP address of the nAR ?
> Could you clarify?
>

I wasn't talking about the UTRAN/GPRS protocols, I was just talking about
the
radio protocol wCDMA.

If you look at the whole UTRAN/GPRS, it results in a connection-oriented
setup
like a serial link terminating at the GGSN (PDP context). They can also set
up
using PPP. But the wCDMA radio protocol has nothing in it (as far as I can
tell)
that requires this. Someone having more familiarity with the protocol can
correct me if I am wrong.

            jak


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Date: Fri, 02 Aug 2002 10:08:10 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
CC: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028222711.5164.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D499352.5F5652A@iprg.nokia.com> <011501c239ac$2c9781c0$296015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D49CF88.268F6FCB@iprg.nokia.com> <000b01c23a3a$a72c07b0$296015ac@T23KEMPF>
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James Kempf wrote:

>  >
> > I read your message, but did not understand how the MN
> > gets the L2 address and IP address of the target access router, which
> > is what it needs to send packets. It seemed like what the MN is
> > getting is the BSSID of the target base station. Am I missing
> > something ?
> >
>
> That requires the Seamoby CARD protocol, or a static table mapping the BS id to
> the target router id. The same procedure is required by any radio protocol in
> which the base station is not integrated with the access router, and it would
> even be required if PrRtAdv were sent, in order that the old AR could get the
> new AR's IP address for the HI/HaCK.
>

The AR needs a mapping, yes. However, how does the MN get the
mapping information ? Who provides it ? A link layer message ? If
yes, is such thing there in the relevant spec ?

>
> >
> > Yes, so that we know if majority of link layers already
> > supply the information needed.
> >
>
> Here is a start at a list:
>
>     wCDMA - PrRtAdv not necessary, BS id of target BS is supplied by L2
> signaling, mapped to router L2/IP address via Seamoby CARD protocol or a static
> table on BS/old AR.

>

Rajeev: Same comment as above: which message provides the information
to the MN ?

>     IS-2000 - Same as wCDMA (but needs confirmation)

Ok.

>
>     flash OFDM - Fast handover not necessary. Wireless layer 2 is capable of
> true make-before-break, so the mobile
>                           can conduct RS/RA and binding updates on the forward
> channel to the new BS while getting its traffic
>                           on the backward channel.
>

Ok.

>     802.11a,b,g-  PrRtAdv and SolPrRtAdv not possible in a portable way, since
> 802.11 standard provides no prehandover
>                           signaling on the mobile or access point. Nonportable,
> proprietary extensions to some product drivers
>                           to provide signal strength may allow use, but depends
> on product firmware.
>

So, how does a WLAN card decide to associate with a new AP ? There is
a "scan" message that allows the MS to figure out what APs are within
reach. After that, there has to be some guideline as to when the MS
changes its AP, based on, e.g., received signal strength.
The result of scan is the input to PrRtSol. We don't have to standardize
how the scanning works etc, do we ? It suffices to provide a message
that can be called when the L2 decides to look for other AP(s). Note
that there is analogous support in Linux to send a RS upon detecting
a new link.

If the MS moves before PrRtSol could be attempted, then the HI/HAck
happens after the association with the new AP.

-Rajeev


>     Bluetooth - The standard Bluetooth IP profile requires IP to run over PPP,
> so fast handover is probably not an option.
>                       (Aside: is somebody looking at how Mobile IP would work
> with PPP for Bluetooth?)
>     Hyperlan - ??? (is Hyperlan still important?)
>     GSM - ??? ( is it important? GPRS hides the radio protocol fairly deeply?)
>
> If anyone is more familiar with these radio protocols, or others that I have
> missed, please reply with corrections.
>
>                 jak



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Message-ID: <A5B4C9A2AD89D411AB3E009027B0DA1E0786246D@IL27EXM09.cig.mot.com>
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'James Kempf'"
	 <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Rajeev Koodli'" <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Erik Nordmark'" <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'"
	 <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmi
	pv6 ?
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 12:30:45 -0500 
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James,
Sorry,I missed a NOT in "I did  <NOT> say that you were wrong. "
Regards,
ajoy 

-----Original Message-----
From: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 
Sent: Friday, August 02, 2002 11:38 AM
To: 'James Kempf'; Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Rajeev Koodli'
Cc: Erik Nordmark; Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Alper E. YEGIN'; 'Vijay
Devarapalli'; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in
fmipv6 ?


I wasn't talking about the UTRAN/GPRS protocols, I was just talking about
the
radio protocol wCDMA.

AJOY-> Ok

If you look at the whole UTRAN/GPRS, it results in a connection-oriented
setup
like a serial link terminating at the GGSN (PDP context). can also set up
using PPP. But the wCDMA radio protocol has nothing in it (as far as I can
tell)
that requires this. Someone having more familiarity with the protocol can
correct me if I am wrong.

AJOY-> Sure, you can can replace UTRAN/GRPS with something else. 
I did say that you were wrong. I just mentioned that 
current WCDMA based network provides serial link between
MN and AR. This is going to remain same unless
the WCDMA MAC is changed drastically.

-----Original Message-----
From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
Sent: Friday, August 02, 2002 11:19 AM
To: Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Rajeev Koodli'
Cc: Erik Nordmark; Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1; 'Alper E. YEGIN'; 'Vijay
Devarapalli'; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in
fmipv6 ?


Ajoy,

> AJOY-> As far as I know, WCDMA also provides serial link
> between MN and AR. So, I am not sure why it is must
> for MN to know L2 address and IP address of the nAR ?
> Could you clarify?
>

I wasn't talking about the UTRAN/GPRS protocols, I was just talking about
the
radio protocol wCDMA.

If you look at the whole UTRAN/GPRS, it results in a connection-oriented
setup
like a serial link terminating at the GGSN (PDP context). They can also set
up
using PPP. But the wCDMA radio protocol has nothing in it (as far as I can
tell)
that requires this. Someone having more familiarity with the protocol can
correct me if I am wrong.

            jak


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Jari Arkko wrote:

> Brian Haley wrote:
>
> > I was wondering why the MH type field (Section 6.1.1, draft 18) was 16 bits
> > and not 8 bits.  I couldn't find any other IPv6 header that had a type larger
> > than 8 bits, and I don't think we'll ever have 65535 types.  Should this be
> > changed to 8 bits for type and 8 bits reserved?  This also saves a nthos()
> > for those of us on certain-endian machines, not that 3 assembly instructions
> > is buying me anything :)
>
> 8 bits looks sufficient now. OTOH I don't think the 8 bit reserved field
> buys very much either. And there are some protocols in the Internet
> where 8 bits looked initially sufficient but proved later to be insufficient.
> Mobility is an interesting subject to many folks. Will 256 values cover
> all the xMIP extensions that we might need in the future? Yeah, you could
> also say that it's a terrible thought that we'd need so much complexity
> that 10-15 values wouldn't do...
>
> By the way, if you switch statements in the code are in network byte
> order, you'll save the 3 instructions ;-)
>
> My gut feeling is that we should keep the current format, unless
> someone has strong arguments otherwise.

My only follow-up would be that we could change a reserved field into
an "extended type" field in the future.  For example, if type == 255 then
add "extended type" to it to get the actual type.  It would be harder to go
the other way.  Noone else seems to have an opinion either way about
such little issues though...

-Brian



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
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> The AR needs a mapping, yes. However, how does the MN get the
> mapping information ? Who provides it ? A link layer message ? If
> yes, is such thing there in the relevant spec ?
>

In the case of radio protocols such as wCDMA, the MN doesn't need this
information, since the MN and the old BS exchange the identity of the new BS at
the link layer. The old BS sends the Layer 2 identifier of the new BS to the AR
by a Layer 2 specific means, or using something like Alper's proposed ICMP
message, if the BS and AR are not integrated. If they are integrated, then the
AR will have this information. The AR can use either the CARD protocol or a
static table to do the lookup, exchange HI/HaCK. The MN's link gets switched at
Layer 2, the AR tunnels until the MN completes binding update on the new AR.

For link layers where there is no exchange of new BS identity over the air at
Layer 2 prior to handover but the MN knows, the MN can use Seamoby CARD to do
the mapping, and SolPrRtAdv/PrRtAdv would be required.

For link layers with no prehandover signaling between the BS and MN such as
802.11, the MN can use Seamoby CARD after handover and do the mapping, but it is
yet unclear how the tunnel would be initiated in this case. Alternatively, the
BS can do the mapping if the old BS id is known, and use target triggered
handover, which is also undefined in draft 5. The fast handover signaling for
this case is the most underspecified in draft 5, IMHO.

In any case, how the BS does this mapping is out of scope for the fast handover
spec, though we do need to have it nailed down for a complete solution.

> >     wCDMA - PrRtAdv not necessary, BS id of target BS is supplied by L2
> > signaling, mapped to router L2/IP address via Seamoby CARD protocol or a
static
> > table on BS/old AR.
>
> >
>
> Rajeev: Same comment as above: which message provides the information
> to the MN ?

See above.

>
> >     IS-2000 - Same as wCDMA (but needs confirmation)
>
> Ok.
>

> >
> >     flash OFDM - Fast handover not necessary. Wireless layer 2 is capable of
> > true make-before-break, so the mobile
> >                           can conduct RS/RA and binding updates on the
forward
> > channel to the new BS while getting its traffic
> >                           on the backward channel.
> >
>
> Ok.
>
> >     802.11a,b,g-  PrRtAdv and SolPrRtAdv not possible in a portable way,
since
> > 802.11 standard provides no prehandover
> >                           signaling on the mobile or access point.
Nonportable,
> > proprietary extensions to some product drivers
> >                           to provide signal strength may allow use, but
depends
> > on product firmware.
> >
>

> So, how does a WLAN card decide to associate with a new AP ?

Proprietary. It is not specified in the 802.11 standard. As a practical matter,
FER and signal strength are both possibilites. In existing products, there are a
wide variety of algorithms, and they are likely to get more varied as vendors
start competing on handover performance.

> There is
> a "scan" message that allows the MS to figure out what APs are within
> reach. After that, there has to be some guideline as to when the MS
> changes its AP, based on, e.g., received signal strength.

It could also be FER. Also, some current products do make a decision based on
other measures not associated with the quality of the link. 802.11 is not like
cellular, there is no standard signal strength specified nor a standard FER, nor
even a requirement that these should be used to make the handover decision. The
only standardized signaling is the Reassociation.request() and
Reassociation.reply() when the card has selected which access point it will
associate with.

> The result of scan is the input to PrRtSol.

Our experience is that the results of a scan are not typically available to the
driver when a handover is necessary, it is conducted by the firmware, and is
followed by the Reassociation.request()/reply() without any driver intervention.
On some cards, a scan can be forced, signal strength measured, and handover
forced by the driver, but this is by no means a standard. Also,during the
exchange of PrRtSol/PrRtAdv (which will take some amount of time) after the scan
is forced, the firmware could decide to perform handover to a completely
different access point. Nothing constrains the firmware to continue being
associated with the current access point until the PrRtSol/PrRtAdv completes.
Finally, while a scan is being conducted, the card is basically offline for any
traffic. This means that the scan prior to the PrRtSol/PrRtAdv would shut down
traffic to the card, during which time it would have to be buffered (or dropped)
if the scan takes too long.

We've measured typical scan times of about 100 ms on a cell with a single MN.
This time increases dramatically if there is more than one MN in the cell,
because 802.11 has no QoS on signaling traffic. The scan is scheduled on the
link with the same priority as MN traffic. With 3 MNs doing continuous traffic,
the scan time can be upwards of 200 ms.

> We don't have to standardize
> how the scanning works etc, do we ?

We can't. It is up to IEEE 802.11 to do that. They have been extremely reluctant
to do any standardization of prehandover conditions. I've been advised to not
pursue the issue with them.

> It suffices to provide a message
> that can be called when the L2 decides to look for other AP(s). Note
> that there is analogous support in Linux to send a RS upon detecting
> a new link.
>

I don't follow. If the Layer 2 protocol doesn't provide this, how can IP help?
We can't control what happens at Layer 2 unless the hooks are there.

> If the MS moves before PrRtSol could be attempted, then the HI/HAck
> happens after the association with the new AP.
>

Sure, that's target triggered handover. There is something in draft 04 to do
this, and also in the FMIPv4 draft.

            jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  2 15:14:05 2002
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: mipv6imp@enst-bretagne.fr
Subject: [mobile-ip] new list for Mobile IPv6 implementors
Date: Tue, 30 Jul 2002 15:02:59 +0200
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I am creating a new mailing list for Mobile IPv6 implementors.
My purpose is to fix the small & little details in the draft 19
(i.e., the draft 18 + the closed points, the draft 19 should be
out in some days) for the ETSI IPv6 plugtests event at the end
of September.
The list is at <mipv6imp@enst-bretagne.fr>, subscription is initiated
by a mail to sympa@enst-bretagne.fr (the mailing-list server)
with "subscribe mipv6imp FirstName LastName" in the body.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

The (long) URL of the ETSI event is:
http://www.etsi.org/plugtests/02UpcomingEvents/IPv6/IPv6_home.htm


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  2 15:20:49 2002
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Date: Fri, 02 Aug 2002 15:19:24 -0400
From: "Steven M. Glass" <Steven.Glass@sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Mail problems
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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     Not the list - with me.  Besides being over-committed right now 
(which you don't care about, I know; I don't want it to effect the 
list), I had some mail problems which prevented me from approving some 
posts, so they'll be following this email.  Even the archive justifies 
sending these, but with apologies for the latency.

                               Cheers,
                                   Steve



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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated
Date: Tue, 30 Jul 2002 14:31:06 -0400
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From: "Bound, Jim" <Jim.Bound@hp.com>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <mat@cisco.com>, <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <itojun@iijlab.net>, <keiichi@iij.ad.jp>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
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John,

I would prefer all requirements for me to implement are in the specs as a programmer.  I view node reqs doc as a statement of further reqs of the std regarding conformance not implementation.  If we don't want HAO to be MUST make it a SHOULD this should be decided in the MIPv6 spec.k

thanks
/jim

-----Original Message-----
From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 8:14 PM
To: mat@cisco.com; vijayd@iprg.nokia.com
Cc: itojun@iijlab.net; keiichi@iij.ad.jp; 
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com;
ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated


Hi Mike,

Vijay Devarapalli writes:
RO is a SHOULD, it is not a MUST in the current draft. we were 
not talking about route optimization. we were talking about 
processing a HAO. in the current spec HAO MUST be processed but 
not accepted if it cant be verified. verification can be in the 
form of checking for a valid BCE (created securely), IPsec 
protected data session, same trusted domain (where you dont 
expect people to do reflection attacks), the tagging proposal 
from Rajeev and Charlie, smart ingress filtering from Francis 
Dupont, etc...

   Oh, OK. Sorry about that. Still if the code
   isn't in the CN, the MN should still be able
   to operate correctly, right? That still seems
   to me to be a SHOULD rather than a MUST for the
   same reasons in my reply to John.

   I guess the long and short of this is that I'm
   somewhat skeptical of putting general node
   requirements in the MIP draft since it's
   probably not the first place one would be
   looking to figure out if they were an IPv6
   compliant node. If it's really, really vital
   for the health of the net, yadda, yadda, it
   would be better to put it in a general v6 node
   requirements RFC, don't you think?

Just as an FYI, I replied to the earlier mail because I am
trying to sort this out for the node requirements.  I think 
that in MIPv6, it is OK that MIPv6 makes this recommendation (given 
working group consensus, IESG approval, etc.) but the Node 
Requirements
document is the final word on the issue (assuming WG consensus, 
IESG approval, etc.).

John

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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  2 15:24:40 2002
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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 
Date: Tue, 30 Jul 2002 14:35:18 -0400
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From: "Bound, Jim" <Jim.Bound@hp.com>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        <mat@cisco.com>, <itojun@iijlab.net>
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HAO SHOULD be implemented.  MUST is a stretch and I always thought so since draft 1.
The security argument is irrelevant to being a MUST or SHOULD if I deployed MIPv6 I would not use RR or any IPsec there are many ways to secure the mobile nodes and CNs and I agree with Vijays point on this just not the MUST.

That being said anyone who would not want to implement mobile HAO is not in tune with the market at all.  But thats not the IETFs job to keep them in tune.

/jim

-----Original Message-----
From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 17, 2002 8:41 PM
To: hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se; mat@cisco.com; itojun@iijlab.net
Cc: vijayd@iprg.nokia.com; keiichi@iij.ad.jp;
mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Re: HAO and BE processing will be mandated 


Hi Hesham,

=> Exactly, IMHO the support for HAO is tied to
RO support which is a SHOULD anyway, so the HAO
should follow that. 

Logically, you are inconsistant.  

As an example, RO is a should, protecting RO is a MUST.

=> Huh? 

Protecting it is a must for those who support it! 
But supporting it is a should.

We're dangerously on the edge of a rathole.

Debates on support / implement / use of various functions is something
to often causes pointless discussions.

The question more is, what do general implementations need to 
implement.
In my opinion, general often equals robust.  SHOULD does not mean
optional, it means you do it unless you have good reason not to do it.
I think the burden of proof, then, would be the endpoint 
which does not
implement a certain feature.

I think that since HAO is used for security reasons, it may 
have a strong
need to be a must than other functionality.  Just my opinion.

John





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  2 15:36:39 2002
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Date: Fri, 02 Aug 2002 15:34:58 -0400
From: "Steven M. Glass" <Steven.Glass@sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Don't subscribe us to other lists!
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Cc: Raj Patil <Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com>, proberts@MEGISTO.com
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     Sometime on Wednesday, it seems, someone subscribed mobile-
ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com to tf-cdma, the CDMA Technical Forum list.

     Please, and I can't stress this enough, don't do this!  If you don't 
understand why this is bad, and you have a few extra hours, get in touch 
with me and I'll let you know.

                           In all seriousness,
                                   Steven M. Glass
                                   owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com


 >Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 07:39:23 -0400 (EDT)
 >Message-Id: <200207311139.g6VBdNW29891@ruebert.ieee.org>
 >To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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From: CWC02-HZ Office <cwc02@mail.hz.zj.cn>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] ADV: 2002 China Wireless Congress - Oct. 15-17, 2002
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[Sorry for Multiple Copies of This Message. Welcome to CWC02 in China]

Dear wireless colleagues:

By the end of 2002, China will have over 200 MLN mobile users. From late
of 2003, China will issue 3G licenses and full 3G services will be
available in 2005. Currently, there is still over 5 MLN new mobile users
coming every month, and the mobile revenue is increasing over 25% every
year.

China is so far the world's largest wireless market, and the most
potential business partner in the coming several years. To get involved
in this huge business, 2002 China Wireless Congress is the best platform
which focuses on the following issues:

1. The New Business Models of China's Mobile Communications
2. Infrastructure of Nationwide Wireless Access Systems
3. Convergence of Wireless Local Access and Mobile Networks
4. Evolution of 2G networks to 2.5G and 3G networks
5. Emerging R&D on 4G Mobile and 4G Mobile Forum
6. Investment Strategies towards 2008 OlympiTek
7. New Spectrum Management and Sharing Policies
8. All-Hands Meeting and Marketing Events

In addition, this congress will be together with the famous West-Lake
Expo'2002, and really a best combination of business and leisure in
Hangzhou - the most beautiful city of China.

To join this professional gathering, please visit the website at:
http://delson.org/cwc02 or http://china.wirelesscongress.com

This 2002 China Wireless Congress will be very busy, please register
ASAP before the door is closed. For more information about this congress
or about Hangzhou,etc, please also check the website.

On behalf of the congress committee, welcome to Hangzhou, the garden of
Shanghai !

Thank you.

Hangzhou Office of CWC'2002
http://delson.org/cwc02
http://china.wirelesscongress.com

[sorry for copy of this message, removal is automatically. This is for
conference information only, not for commercial sale. Thanks a lot!]





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Subject: [mobile-ip] MobiCom 2002: Call for Demos
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MobiCom 2002

The Eighth ACM International Conference on
Mobile Computing and Networking

September 23-26, 2002,
Westin Peachtree Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
http://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobicom/2002/
Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE

C A L L  for  D E M O s

MobiCom 2002 solicits demos that highlight on-going experimental research on
mobile computing topics. Please send a one page description of your demo to:

Ron Hutchins
MobiCom 2002 Demos Chair
Email: ron@oit.gatech.edu

before August 8, 2002. Notification of accepted demos will
be sent on August 10, 2002.

Thank you for your participation



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Date: Sat, 3 Aug 2002 00:03:48 +0200 (CEST)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
To: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
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In section 9.4.4 draft 18:

    -  Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of the packet containing
       the Binding Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing Header,
       the routing header will be constructed using that IP address.
       Note that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, loopback
       addresses, IPv4 mapped addresses, and the unspecified address,
       MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the Binding
       Acknowledgement.

   Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero lifetime but the Source
   IP address is not allowable for use within the Routing Header,
   the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile node's home
   address.

This seems to say that if a node forms a packet with
	ip src = mapped address
	ip dst = reflector
	HAO = victim
	MH protocol, type = BU
		random bits in the authenticator

then the reflector will send binding ack to the victim with status 
            137   Invalid authenticator

I propose that when the source address can't use used in a routing header,
the CN should silently drop the BU.

  Erik



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Date: Fri, 02 Aug 2002 15:37:20 -0700
From: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia Research Center
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To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
CC: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6 ?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028222711.5164.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D499352.5F5652A@iprg.nokia.com> <011501c239ac$2c9781c0$296015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D49CF88.268F6FCB@iprg.nokia.com> <000b01c23a3a$a72c07b0$296015ac@T23KEMPF> <3D4ABC7A.9343333A@iprg.nokia.com>
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James Kempf wrote:

> > The AR needs a mapping, yes. However, how does the MN get the
> > mapping information ? Who provides it ? A link layer message ? If
> > yes, is such thing there in the relevant spec ?
> >
>
> In the case of radio protocols such as wCDMA, the MN doesn't need this
> information, since the MN and the old BS exchange the identity of the new BS at
> the link layer. The old BS sends the Layer 2 identifier of the new BS to the AR
> by a Layer 2 specific means, or using something like Alper's proposed ICMP
> message, if the BS and AR are not integrated. If they are integrated, then the
> AR will have this information. The AR can use either the CARD protocol or a
> static table to do the lookup, exchange HI/HaCK. The MN's link gets switched at
> Layer 2, the AR tunnels until the MN completes binding update on the new AR.

I guess I was not clear.. The question is not how the old AR can determine the
IP address of the new AR, which itself is a separate issue, but how can the MN send

packets to the new router. If the MN knows the L2 address of the new BS (not the
new AR), can it send packets to the router ? Two options:

a) assume that the new AP is capable of routing/switching packets to the new AR
based on L2 headers
b) assume that the new AP is only a bridge between wireless and wireline portions
of
     the network.

In UMTS (scenario a) ), the MN sends packets to the AP (actually to Node B and then
to RNC).
And, then there is GTP tunneling. However, in UMTS, the MN does not change the
AR (i.e., GGSN). As I understand, inter-GGSN handovers are not specified. Inside
the GGSN, handover support is done by GTP and is well-specified. So, I am not
sure how the scenario you describe above would be applicable specifically to WCDMA
networks..
Also, PrRtAdv is as inapplicable as any ND messages defined today.

If you consider scenario b), which is applicable to WLAN e.g., the MN needs to know

the L2 address of the new AR to send packets.


>
>
> For link layers where there is no exchange of new BS identity over the air at
> Layer 2 prior to handover but the MN knows, the MN can use Seamoby CARD to do
> the mapping, and SolPrRtAdv/PrRtAdv would be required.
>
> For link layers with no prehandover signaling between the BS and MN such as
> 802.11, the MN can use Seamoby CARD after handover and do the mapping, but it is
> yet unclear how the tunnel would be initiated in this case. Alternatively, the
> BS can do the mapping if the old BS id is known, and use target triggered
> handover, which is also undefined in draft 5. The fast handover signaling for
> this case is the most underspecified in draft 5, IMHO.

Regarding target-triggered tunnel establishment: how does the new AR know
the previous AR, and the previous IP address of the MN ? How does the new AP
figure both of these through Reassociate ?

Regarding tunnel establishment after association: the MN sends FBU which
triggers HI/HAck and hence the tunnel establishment. This may be need to
be specified separately, but is not undefined.



>
>
> > So, how does a WLAN card decide to associate with a new AP ?
>
> Proprietary. It is not specified in the 802.11 standard. As a practical matter,
> FER and signal strength are both possibilites. In existing products, there are a
> wide variety of algorithms, and they are likely to get more varied as vendors
> start competing on handover performance.
>

This is good enough. We provide a message that implementations can use
to obtain the L2 and IP addresses.

>
> > There is
> > a "scan" message that allows the MS to figure out what APs are within
> > reach. After that, there has to be some guideline as to when the MS
> > changes its AP, based on, e.g., received signal strength.
>
> It could also be FER. Also, some current products do make a decision based on
> other measures not associated with the quality of the link. 802.11 is not like
> cellular, there is no standard signal strength specified nor a standard FER, nor
> even a requirement that these should be used to make the handover decision. The
> only standardized signaling is the Reassociation.request() and
> Reassociation.reply() when the card has selected which access point it will
> associate with.
>

This is ok. What we need is a message that the implementations can use
independent of what criterion they use to undergo handover.


>
> > The result of scan is the input to PrRtSol.
>
> Our experience is that the results of a scan are not typically available to the
> driver when a handover is necessary, it is conducted by the firmware, and is
> followed by the Reassociation.request()/reply() without any driver intervention.
> On some cards, a scan can be forced, signal strength measured, and handover
> forced by the driver, but this is by no means a standard. Also,during the
> exchange of PrRtSol/PrRtAdv (which will take some amount of time) after the scan
> is forced, the firmware could decide to perform handover to a completely
> different access point. Nothing constrains the firmware to continue being
> associated with the current access point until the PrRtSol/PrRtAdv completes.
> Finally, while a scan is being conducted, the card is basically offline for any
> traffic. This means that the scan prior to the PrRtSol/PrRtAdv would shut down
> traffic to the card, during which time it would have to be buffered (or dropped)
> if the scan takes too long.
>
> We've measured typical scan times of about 100 ms on a cell with a single MN.
> This time increases dramatically if there is more than one MN in the cell,
> because 802.11 has no QoS on signaling traffic. The scan is scheduled on the
> link with the same priority as MN traffic. With 3 MNs doing continuous traffic,
> the scan time can be upwards of 200 ms.
>

All of the above is ok. If the MN has time to do PrRtSol/PrRtAdv, which BTW
takes few milliseconds, it will benefit. Otherwise, the protocol will operate from
the
new link (i.e., FBU sent from new link). So, I don't understand..

>
> > It suffices to provide a message
> > that can be called when the L2 decides to look for other AP(s). Note
> > that there is analogous support in Linux to send a RS upon detecting
> > a new link.
> >
>
> I don't follow. If the Layer 2 protocol doesn't provide this, how can IP help?
> We can't control what happens at Layer 2 unless the hooks are there.

The L2 protocol allows scanning and each card can make a decision
to undergo handover based on its own criterion. Then, the IP message
can be sent.

>
>
> > If the MS moves before PrRtSol could be attempted, then the HI/HAck
> > happens after the association with the new AP.
> >
>
> Sure, that's target triggered handover. There is something in draft 04 to do
> this, and also in the FMIPv4 draft.

v05 also allows the tunnel establishment through FBU. I will put this under
a separate section for tunnel establishment subsequent to new link
establishment and more content.

-Rajeev


>
>
>             jak



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Subject Change: Should PrRtAdv be optional in fmipv6
 ?
In-Reply-To: <3D4B09A0.4F34ECE3@iprg.nokia.com> from Rajeev Koodli at "Aug 2,
 2002 03:37:20 pm"
To: Rajeev Koodli <rajeev@iprg.nokia.com>
Date: Sat, 3 Aug 2002 07:53:40 +0859 ()
CC: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>,
        Singh Ajoy-ASINGH1 <ASINGH1@motorola.com>,
        "'Alper E. YEGIN'" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Rajeev

> James Kempf wrote:

> > Finally, while a scan is being conducted, the card is basically offline for any
> > traffic. This means that the scan prior to the PrRtSol/PrRtAdv would shut down
> > traffic to the card, during which time it would have to be buffered (or dropped)
> > if the scan takes too long.
> >
> > We've measured typical scan times of about 100 ms on a cell with a single MN.
> > This time increases dramatically if there is more than one MN in the cell,
> > because 802.11 has no QoS on signaling traffic. The scan is scheduled on the
> > link with the same priority as MN traffic. With 3 MNs doing continuous traffic,
> > the scan time can be upwards of 200 ms.

I'm afraid scan time to scan all the possible frequency channels is
more than a second.

> All of the above is ok. If the MN has time to do PrRtSol/PrRtAdv, which BTW
> takes few milliseconds, it will benefit. Otherwise, the protocol will operate from
> the
> new link (i.e., FBU sent from new link). So, I don't understand..

It will take several seconds to find the new link.

When link latency is a lot larger than mobile IP latency, which is
the case with WLAN, minimization of mobile IP latency is meaningless.

						Masataka Ohta


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hi,

the Header Len field in Mobility header as described in draft 18
is a multiple of 8 octets including the header fields. how about 
changing it to a multiple of 8 octects leaving out the first 8 
octets.

two advangtages 

1. buys you 8 bytes :) (I know its minor)

2. IF we have piggybacking tomorrow, Mobility Header can be 
processed like any other extension header. otherwise I need special
code.

comments?

regards
Vijay


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  2 22:17:04 2002
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Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 19:16:53 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MH type field
To: Brian.Haley@hp.com
Cc: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Hi Brian,

> >
> > 8 bits looks sufficient now. OTOH I don't think the 8 bit reserved field
> > buys very much either. And there are some protocols in the Internet
> > where 8 bits looked initially sufficient but proved later to be 
insufficient.
> > Mobility is an interesting subject to many folks. Will 256 values cover
> > all the xMIP extensions that we might need in the future? Yeah, you could
> > also say that it's a terrible thought that we'd need so much complexity
> > that 10-15 values wouldn't do...
> >
> > By the way, if you switch statements in the code are in network byte
> > order, you'll save the 3 instructions ;-)
> >
> > My gut feeling is that we should keep the current format, unless
> > someone has strong arguments otherwise.
> 
> My only follow-up would be that we could change a reserved field into
> an "extended type" field in the future.  For example, if type == 255 then
> add "extended type" to it to get the actual type.  It would be harder to go
> the other way.  Noone else seems to have an opinion either way about
> such little issues though...

How do you think the reserved field be useful in future ? Do you
think it could be used for some flags someday ? 

IMHO, I agree with Jari, that we can keep the MH type field 16 bit
for now, as we don't know the extent of future applicability of
MH header, unless we know for sure that saving 8 bit as reserved
will have some applicability in the near future.

-Samita



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobility Header len 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 02 Aug 2002 18:52:32 PDT.
             <3D4B3760.AF60953E@iprg.nokia.com> 
Date: Sat, 03 Aug 2002 15:25:35 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   the Header Len field in Mobility header as described in draft 18
   is a multiple of 8 octets including the header fields. how about 
   changing it to a multiple of 8 octects leaving out the first 8 
   octets.
   
   two advangtages 
   
   1. buys you 8 bytes :) (I know its minor)
   
   2. IF we have piggybacking tomorrow, Mobility Header can be 
   processed like any other extension header. otherwise I need special
   code.
   
=> I buy the second argument: the only exception (IPsec extension headers)
is already a source of trouble.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Cc: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MH type field
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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:

> How do you think the reserved field be useful in future ? Do you
> think it could be used for some flags someday ?

Hi Samita,

Flags is an option, I'm sure someone will come up with a need some day,
I just doubt that we'll ever need 65K MH types.

It was simply something I noticed updating to draft 18 that was different
from all the other IPv6 headers (like MH Len).

-Brian




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Subject: [mobile-ip] WG meeting minutes (IETF54)
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Hello,

Attached are the WGs IETF54 meeting minutes. If you find any errors
or discrepancies, please do send a note with the correction.

-Chairs


Mobile IP WG minutes 
IETF54 @ Yokohama (July 15th)
=============================

Meeting minutes captured by Basavaraj Patil and Phil Roberts.

Agenda bashing:
---------------

Mr. Mastaka Ohta requested a presentation slot - rejected by the
chairs, ADs asked, and then insisted that the ongoing persistent
request be taken offline 

WG Doc Status
-------------
3012bis has actually completed WG last call.
Actually, it has been sent to the IESG and is on the review list
already.

3220bis is with the RFC editor and should be published as a new RFC
soon. 

Reg-Revocation in WG last call now.

AAA-Keys has completed WG last call and awaiting changes based on IESG
review comments.

MIPv6 discussions
------------------

Resolutions of all issues will be proposed to the ML, with included text for
the draft.  WG will be able to comment.

Issues Discussed:

	76 - unclear response on whether to include this, asked
	whether useful, whether not.  Dave Johnson requested whether
	it is dangerous to have it in the text and he and Charlie at
	least indicated some concern.  Some found it useful. 

	74 - source selection, plus guidance here, plus implementors
	common sense will get this right (Hesham).  Dave J history -
	acknowledging that it is useful and is there so folks will
	know it is possible.  (Mr. Keichi?) some communications must
	use COA so text will be needed to clarify this.  (?)  Problem
	needs to be solved, will be done elsewhere, not in this
	document.  (Francis) need something like API or state machines
	for some details and security descriptions. (Hesham) in some
	other API, let's not make it CoA vs HA, but something more
	abstract. 

	62 - (Hesham) separate issue posted to the ML.  Some twisted
	notion of ll home address and needing to keep what's at home.
	(TJ) thinks it ought to be obvious.  (Francis) should wait for
	DAD and DAAD before deciding on the best solution. (Phil)
	let's go with what we've got  (Hesham) either defending home
	address or defending link local  (Phil) yes, home

	72 - (Charlie) uses same binding update signalling as is in
	this draft, whereas the fast handover work has new signalling.
	(James) there is signalling for this in the fmip draft.
	(Charlie) Doesn't make sense to use the existing messages to
	do what it was designed to do?  (Rajeev) new signalling is
	slightly different.  (Charlie) even if you take it out, it
	could still be done.  This provides guidance.  (Alper) maybe
	it would be best left where it is to allow better performance
	now. (Erik) the security description is incomplete.  (Note to
	self - work with Jari about what is actually needed to make
	this complete.  If it's a lot, take seriously the request to
	drop it). 

	49 - (Hesham) need to clarify why this is a hard problem.
	(Francis) this is a general IPSEC/IKE problem.  Give it to
	IPSEC to solve.  (Erik) it is harder than what Hesham said: if
	I assign myself a temporary address (3041), preferred for a
	day, deferred for 6 days.  Don't want anyone to claim it in
	the mobility case even though I used it for just a little bit.
	Hard - need something different.  Not tied to binding
	lifetime, but the lifetime of the temporary address, conflict
	between multiple mobile nodes trying to claim the same
	temporary.  Conclusion is agreeable to all.

	55 - (FD) HA discovery is totally insecure and there is no way
	to make it sure. (Hesham) It doesn't need to be secure.  A
	fake HA will be discovered immediately. (Raj) What is the
	threat with not securing the HA process?  (FD) Not sure, but
	need to use IPSEC and IPSEC will fail.  All other proposed
	solutions can be done in a secure manner.  (Jim) Was arguing
	that maybe an alternative is possible, and reducing the size
	of the doc is a goal.  Maybe there is an argument for a
	special protocol.  (Hesham) this mechanism serves a good
	purpose and it should be left in. (Dave J)  Removing features
	solely for the purpose of making the doc shorter is a recipe
	to further reducing the implemented functions.  (Jari) node
	requirements can mandate stuff (Dave J) node requirements
	doesn't exist.  At worst you create extra work rather than
	denial-of-service.  (Thomas) not clear there is a concrete
	proposal here.  Need a concrete proposal if we're going to do
	something to replace this.  Proposal is to keep it, finish
	discussion on the ML. 

	70 - (DJ) what is the purpose in making it mandatory?  (Jari)
	when using ESP to protect BUs, ESP doesn't protect source
	address.  (DJ) use it only when using ESP?  (Jari) possible,
	but introduces unnecessary dependency.  (DJ)  Why not make it
	a required field?  We end up with distinguishing between a BU
	for home and for non-home BUs.  (Jari) we already have that.
	(FD) make it mandatory (Jari) need to know whether it is ESP.
	Just make a requirement for home registrations. Don't try to
	solve an implementation problem by changing the protocol.  Let
	implementors.  (Hesham) it's not a big problem, don't change
	it now. (Rajeev) in FMIPv6 and HMIPv6 you need it.  (Charlie)
	leave it up to implementors (Dave J) if you don't know whether
	you are using ESP you must use this. 

	(TJ) dynamic HA discovery question (56).  Alternative
	proposal, if addresses don't fit in MTU, do it j-1 addresses
	and make j the address of the HA that is responding.  Still
	get first optimization.  (Charlie) important to keep the first
	optimization. 

	(Hesham) prohibit site-local COA - no text is there.

	(FD) R-bit is needed to say whether mobile node is a router.

	(DJ) For RR the MN can't know whether the nonce is too old.
	An MN can send a BU requesting not to acknowledge.  Can't get
	told nonce is too old. -> Need to be able to handle Binding
	Acks and match them with sequence numbers even in the case we
	did not request a binding ack. 

	(DJ) For RR, the cookie may be protected by ESP on HA-MN link.
	If it isn't protected anyone on or near the FL will see both
	cookies.  Why not require ESP on MN-HA link? (Jari)  Previous
	discussion led us to believe it is a MAY.  One of the reasons
	is that the kind of attacks that can happen will hurt MN-HA
	but cannot hurt third parties.  (DJ) disagrees - affects
	conversation with CN also.  (Hesham) thinks it's a SHOULD (DJ)
	wants a MUST, reckless not to take advantage of required
	fnality (DJ) will post rest of issues to list.

	(Erik) let's not say anything about site-locals
 
	(Mr Keichi) why do all nodes have to support HoA?  (DJ) for CNs to
	receive a packet from a mobile node while it is away from
	home.  (Mr K) this does not prevent communication.  (DJ)  MN
	that sends a packet with HoA implies that all nodes must support it.


Fast Handoff in V6:
--------------------

(Phil's pres on an 802.11 fast handoff draft)


Phil set the context and provided the background for the work and
discussion. He also outlined a strategy for moving forward. Phils
recommendation is that Fast HO be defined for specific link layers and
we can start with defining Fast HO for 802.11
For details on the proposal refer to the slides.

- Hesham agrees. However a general protocol is all you really need. 
Jak: Disagrees. Example of IPv6 in RFC2461 and 2464

Ohta: FMIPv6 useless. Document is large. 3G/FoMA is not valid for
Internet access

Hesham: 802.11 work will raise the same issues all over again

Jim Bound: Agrees with the process proposed by Phil and supports it

Gopal: Doing the 802.11 spec will narrow the focus and help 
Gopal agrees that the 802.11 spec should simply specify the triggers

Rajeev: V05 already supports implementing FMIpv6 on 802.11

Hesham: Will the 802.11 draft simply specify the L2 triggers for fast
HO?

Jak: The current draft is focused on Preaddress configuration and this
is not possible in 802.11

(Rajeev's pres)

(Jim) on network controlled handover.  How does PAR know to send PrRtAdv without
an L2 trigger?  Only use when there is potentially no L2trigger, when MN sends
a solicitation.  Assertion: there is no way to do something like this without
some kind of l2 info.
(Hesham) tunnel was previously terminated on the mobile node - now what happens
with ingress filtering.
(Rajeev) question about what's available on L2?  (Jim) we are setting requirements
(Rajeev) are we putting musts for L2s (Jim) there may be a tight coupling that
needs to be specified.
- had to cut off the pres, Rajeev will post issues to the ML and solicit discussion
from the WG on answers to his question.

VPN Traversal requirements
--------------------------
(Farid Adrangi presented the requirements)

(Raj) on RO, is it an objective to solve v4 R.O.  (Farid) may
(Raj) what does RO have to do with this problem?  If a new entity is
introduced is rt. opt. needed.

Limited Private Address Support
-------------------------------
(Gabriel's pres)
new draft updates guidance for implementation of reverse tunneling
(Phil) what do you want to do with it? 
(Gab) separate wg document as
BCP or Informational 
(Pete) concerned that implementation community is split because there
are CDMA vendors  who are doing separate implementations from what is
done at Cthon.  Existing RFC is a fine spec, pp2 understands what it
means.  Needs to review. 

LMM Requirements
-----------------
(Carl pres)
Some small modifications.  Ready for WG last call.





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Aug  5 17:05:00 2002
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Date: Mon, 05 Aug 2002 14:02:13 -0700
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] [Fwd: List of Questions about "AAA Key Distribution Draft"]
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Hi,

We have been going over the AAA Key Distribution draft in
detail and have the following list of questions. Can someone 
clarify them.


1.  Section 3 (items 8, 9), indicates that unsoliciated key material
    can be pushed to the MN. Is the intended purpose to generate
    new keys at MN? The wording says that MN authenticates and
    then if finds 'unsolicited key material', MN generates key.
    
2. Is the intention of this draft to also facilitate HA/FA key
   distribution through AAA? If so, which entity initiates it? 
   Also, how to ensure that FA and HA reaches the same AAA server?
   (The last question is critical if AAA server is Radius).
    
3. Where is the MF KeyRequest Extension located compared to MN-AAA
    AE? If before MN-AAA AE, FA cannot remove this extension before
    forwarding RRQ to HA. Section 3 (item 4) states this, but just
    wanted to confirm.

4. Sections 6.1 and 6.3, what is included in subtype data?

5. Sections 6.2 and 6.4, what is included in subtype data? Is it 
   that this contains the extensions specified in section 8 and 9?

6. Why 6.4 has lifetime and not section 9 extension?
   Why 6.2 does not have lifetime field and section 8 extension has?
   Can you clarify this?

7. Can MN put multiple MN KeyRequestExtensions in same RRQ to
   generate multiple keys? If not, then the solution would be to send
   multiple RRQs. Can a statement in this regards put in the draft to
   clarify this behavior.

Suggestions:
------------
1. Section 5, the formulae for calculating the key is missing to take
   the AAA-key into account. It is described in the following 
   paragraph in that section. This needs to be corrected.

2. A paragraph explaining the role of SPI's (how they are setup) to be
   unidirectional would help if it is spelled out clearly.

Thanks
Alpesh


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug  6 05:13:42 2002
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Erik Nordmark wrote:

> In section 9.4.4 draft 18:
> 
>     -  Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of the packet containing
>        the Binding Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing Header,
>        the routing header will be constructed using that IP address.
>        Note that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, loopback
>        addresses, IPv4 mapped addresses, and the unspecified address,
>        MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the Binding
>        Acknowledgement.
> 
>    Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero lifetime but the Source
>    IP address is not allowable for use within the Routing Header,
>    the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile node's home
>    address.
> 
> This seems to say that if a node forms a packet with
> 	ip src = mapped address
> 	ip dst = reflector
> 	HAO = victim
> 	MH protocol, type = BU
> 		random bits in the authenticator
> 
> then the reflector will send binding ack to the victim with status 
>             137   Invalid authenticator


Right.


> I propose that when the source address can't use used in a routing header,
> the CN should silently drop the BU.


Agreed.

Proposed text:

- Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST NOT be sent.

Jari





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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
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Erik Nordmark wrote:

> In section 9.4.4 draft 18:
> 
>     -  Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of the packet containing
>        the Binding Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing Header,
>        the routing header will be constructed using that IP address.
>        Note that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, loopback
>        addresses, IPv4 mapped addresses, and the unspecified address,
>        MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the Binding
>        Acknowledgement.
> 
>    Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero lifetime but the Source
>    IP address is not allowable for use within the Routing Header,
>    the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile node's home
>    address.
> 
> This seems to say that if a node forms a packet with
> 	ip src = mapped address
> 	ip dst = reflector
> 	HAO = victim
> 	MH protocol, type = BU
> 		random bits in the authenticator
> 
> then the reflector will send binding ack to the victim with status 
>             137   Invalid authenticator


Right.


> I propose that when the source address can't use used in a routing header,
> the CN should silently drop the BU.


Agreed.

Proposed text:

- Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST NOT be sent.

Jari





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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
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Erik Nordmark wrote:

> In section 9.4.4 draft 18:
> 
>     -  Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of the packet containing
>        the Binding Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing Header,
>        the routing header will be constructed using that IP address.
>        Note that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, loopback
>        addresses, IPv4 mapped addresses, and the unspecified address,
>        MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the Binding
>        Acknowledgement.
> 
>    Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero lifetime but the Source
>    IP address is not allowable for use within the Routing Header,
>    the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile node's home
>    address.
> 
> This seems to say that if a node forms a packet with
> 	ip src = mapped address
> 	ip dst = reflector
> 	HAO = victim
> 	MH protocol, type = BU
> 		random bits in the authenticator
> 
> then the reflector will send binding ack to the victim with status 
>             137   Invalid authenticator


Right.


> I propose that when the source address can't use used in a routing header,
> the CN should silently drop the BU.


Agreed.

Proposed text:

- Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST NOT be sent.

Jari





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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobile IPv6 I-D 18:BA status value
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Erik Nordmark wrote:

>>6.1.2. Binding Refresh Request (BRR) Message
>>
>>    [...] When a mobile node receives a
>>    packet containing a Binding Refresh Request message and there
>>    already exists a Binding Update List entry for the source of the
>>    Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability procedure
>>    (see Section 5.2) if it believes the amount of traffic with the
>>                            
>>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>>    correspondent justifies the use of route optimization.
>>
>>This means MN judges whether the MN uses RO or not depends
>>on the amount of traffic with CN when it receives BRR.
>>
> 
> Yes. Just like the MN initially decides when to first initiate a BU procedure,
> it isn't required to refresh the binding when it receives the BRR.
> The MN can presumably use whatever information it has (amount of traffic,
> the type of traffic, the phase of the moon) to determine which CNs it
> wants to use RO with at any given time. 
> The high level point is that the BRR is a hint that the CN would like to
> see the binding refreshed.
> 
> 
>>And if the amount is low enough, it sends BA with 136 to the CN?
>>
> 
> Sending a BA in response to a BRR seems odd.
> I've been assuming the MN would just silently ignore the BRR if the MN
> doesn't see a need to refresh the binding. Perhaps this should be made
> explicit in the spec?


Yes. Suggested text follows.

Here's a new version of the first paragraph in 9.4.4:

   When a mobile node receives a packet containing a Binding Refresh Request
   message and there already exists a Binding Update List entry for the
   source of the Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability
   procedure (see Section~\ref{overview:security}) if it believes the
   amount of traffic with the correspondent justifies the use of route
   optimization. If it does not believe this, the mobile node MAY choose
   to either ignore the Binding Refresh Request or to delete its binding
   from the sender of the Binding Refresh Request. Note that the mobile
   node SHOULD NOT respond Binding Refresh Requests from previously
   unknown correspondent nodes due to Denial-of-Service concerns.

We also need to clarify how to use 130/136. My proposal is to
merge the error codes and add the following text to the end of 9.4.2:

    The correspondent node MAY refuse to accept a new Binding Cache
    entry, if it does not have sufficient resources. A new entry MAY
    also be refused if the correspondent node believes its resources
    are utilized more efficiently in some other purpose, such as
    serving another mobile node with higher amount of traffic. In both
    cases the correspondent node SHOULD return a Binding
    Acknowledgement with status value 130.

Jari




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug  6 07:45:51 2002
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Brian Haley wrote:

> Seems like Jari must be back from vacation with all the recent emails :)


I wasn't back then, but now I am...


> Anyways, I think the Checksum calculation paragraph in Section 6.1.1
> needs some clarification.  The pseudo IPv6 header used does not specify
> which source address is used if there is a Home Address Option in the
> packet.  Some MH types do not require HAO (HoTI,CoTI, etc.), one
> might have one (BRR, if MN->MN), and others must have one (BU).
> I'm assuming that if there's a HAO, that it must be used as the IPv6
> source address for the checksum calculation?  If so, in addition to 6.1.1


Right.


> changes, it might be good to add some text (in 11.2.1?) that says what
> a MN should do if sending a MH message with a HAO.
> 
> Section 11.2.1 does do a good job of saying how a MN should send
> a "direct delivery" packet, swapping addresses and such, but doesn't
> mention checksum.


Checksum calculation should be the same for MH as it is for ICMP etc.
My suggestion is to clarify this in 11.2.1 as follows:

      -  Construct the packet using the mobile node's home address
         as the packet's Source Address, in the same way as if the
         mobile node were at home. NEW=> This includes the calculation
         of upper layer checksums using the home address as the value
         of the source.

and then refer to this from 6.1.1 as follows:

         Note that the procedures described in Section 11.2.1 apply
         even for the Mobility Header. If a Mobility Header message
         has a Home Address destination option, then the checksum calculation
         uses the address in this option as the value of the IPv6 Source
         Address field.

Jari




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Date: Tue, 06 Aug 2002 16:15:57 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MH type field
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It does not seem that there are very strong feelings either
way. Let's just pick one way to do it and stick with it.

But Brian's note about possibility to extend type field later is
true. This removes the main drawback about the 8 bit type
field. The reserved field might also be useful for HOT/COT
messages that do not currently have any Reserved fields.

So, my suggestion is that we should just shorten the field
to 8 bits and leave the rest Reserved. This does not cause
any problems, and while the benefit is questionable it *might*
be useful.

Anyone disagree?

Jari





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Date: Tue, 06 Aug 2002 16:27:21 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobility Header len
References: <3D4B3760.AF60953E@iprg.nokia.com>
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> hi,
> 
> the Header Len field in Mobility header as described in draft 18
> is a multiple of 8 octets including the header fields. how about 
> changing it to a multiple of 8 octects leaving out the first 8 
> octets.
> 
> two advangtages 
> 
> 1. buys you 8 bytes :) (I know its minor)


[Clarification: Allows 8 byte longer MH messages, current max being 2048.
  Doesn't save bytes on the wire.]


> 2. IF we have piggybacking tomorrow, Mobility Header can be 
> processed like any other extension header. otherwise I need special
> code.


Let's do this.

Suggested text:

          8-bit unsigned integer. Length of the Mobility Header in units
          of 8 octets, excluding the first 8 octets. That is, the length
          of the Mobility Header beyond the Payload Proto, Header Len, MH
          Type, Reserved, and Checksum fields and the two first octets of
          the Message Data field.

And some modifications later in the suggested MH Len values for particular
messages.

Jari



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Cc: mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MH Checksum calculation
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> Checksum calculation should be the same for MH as it is for ICMP etc.
> My suggestion is to clarify this in 11.2.1 as follows:
>
>       -  Construct the packet using the mobile node's home address
>          as the packet's Source Address, in the same way as if the
>          mobile node were at home. NEW=> This includes the calculation
>          of upper layer checksums using the home address as the value
>          of the source.
>
> and then refer to this from 6.1.1 as follows:
>
>          Note that the procedures described in Section 11.2.1 apply
>          even for the Mobility Header. If a Mobility Header message
>          has a Home Address destination option, then the checksum calculation
>          uses the address in this option as the value of the IPv6 Source
>          Address field.

This sounds good to me, thanks Jari.

-Brian




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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
CC: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
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Section 10.2 which talks about primary Care-of Address registration 
with the Home Agent refers to section 9.4.4. specifically the text
mentioned below. you should move the text there. it is needed for
the HA to select the destination address for the Binding Ack.

the reflection attack does not exist when we are talking about
Home Agent.

Vijay

Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> Erik Nordmark wrote:
> 
> > In section 9.4.4 draft 18:
> >
> >     -  Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of the packet containing
> >        the Binding Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing Header,
> >        the routing header will be constructed using that IP address.
> >        Note that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, loopback
> >        addresses, IPv4 mapped addresses, and the unspecified address,
> >        MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the Binding
> >        Acknowledgement.
> >
> >    Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero lifetime but the Source
> >    IP address is not allowable for use within the Routing Header,
> >    the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile node's home
> >    address.
> >
> > This seems to say that if a node forms a packet with
> >       ip src = mapped address
> >       ip dst = reflector
> >       HAO = victim
> >       MH protocol, type = BU
> >               random bits in the authenticator
> >
> > then the reflector will send binding ack to the victim with status
> >             137   Invalid authenticator
> 
> Right.
> 
> > I propose that when the source address can't use used in a routing header,
> > the CN should silently drop the BU.
> 
> Agreed.
> 
> Proposed text:
> 
> - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST NOT be sent.
> 
> Jari


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Date: Tue, 06 Aug 2002 10:24:13 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobility Header len
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> 
> Suggested text:
> 
>           8-bit unsigned integer. Length of the Mobility Header in units
>           of 8 octets, excluding the first 8 octets. That is, the length
>           of the Mobility Header beyond the Payload Proto, Header Len, MH
>           Type, Reserved, and Checksum fields and the two first octets of
>           the Message Data field.

Okay. But isnt it sufficient if the text says

            8-bit unsigned integer. Length of the Mobility Header in
units
            of 8 octets, excluding the first 8 octets. 

regards
Vijay


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Date: Wed, 07 Aug 2002 12:06:53 +0900
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
From: Hiroyuki OHNISHI <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobile IPv6 I-D 18:BA status value
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Hi,

At 12:56 02/08/06 +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
>Erik Nordmark wrote:
>
>>>6.1.2. Binding Refresh Request (BRR) Message
>>>
>>>    [...] When a mobile node receives a
>>>    packet containing a Binding Refresh Request message and there
>>>    already exists a Binding Update List entry for the source of the
>>>    Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability procedure
>>>    (see Section 5.2) if it believes the amount of traffic with the
>>>
>>>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>>>    correspondent justifies the use of route optimization.
>>>
>>>This means MN judges whether the MN uses RO or not depends
>>>on the amount of traffic with CN when it receives BRR.
>>Yes. Just like the MN initially decides when to first initiate a BU procedure,
>>it isn't required to refresh the binding when it receives the BRR.
>>The MN can presumably use whatever information it has (amount of traffic,
>>the type of traffic, the phase of the moon) to determine which CNs it
>>wants to use RO with at any given time. The high level point is that the 
>>BRR is a hint that the CN would like to
>>see the binding refreshed.
>>
>>>And if the amount is low enough, it sends BA with 136 to the CN?
>>Sending a BA in response to a BRR seems odd.
>>I've been assuming the MN would just silently ignore the BRR if the MN
>>doesn't see a need to refresh the binding. Perhaps this should be made
>>explicit in the spec?
>
>
>Yes. Suggested text follows.
>
>Here's a new version of the first paragraph in 9.4.4:
>
>   When a mobile node receives a packet containing a Binding Refresh Request
>   message and there already exists a Binding Update List entry for the
>   source of the Binding Refresh Request, it MAY start a return routability
>   procedure (see Section~\ref{overview:security}) if it believes the
>   amount of traffic with the correspondent justifies the use of route
>   optimization. If it does not believe this, the mobile node MAY choose
>   to either ignore the Binding Refresh Request or to delete its binding
>   from the sender of the Binding Refresh Request. Note that the mobile
>   node SHOULD NOT respond Binding Refresh Requests from previously
>   unknown correspondent nodes due to Denial-of-Service concerns.
>
>We also need to clarify how to use 130/136. My proposal is to
>merge the error codes and add the following text to the end of 9.4.2:
>
>    The correspondent node MAY refuse to accept a new Binding Cache
>    entry, if it does not have sufficient resources. A new entry MAY
>    also be refused if the correspondent node believes its resources
>    are utilized more efficiently in some other purpose, such as
>    serving another mobile node with higher amount of traffic. In both
>    cases the correspondent node SHOULD return a Binding
>    Acknowledgement with status value 130.
>
>Jari

I agree to merge the 130/136 error codes because it is difficult for the MN
to use these different code effectively as you mentioned in your e-mail.
But I want to confirm the meaning of second operation [A new entry MAY 
also be refused if .....].
It says that the route optimization is effective to reduce the traffic,
but handling binding cache consumes CN's resources and
the CN does not want to create new binding cache for a MN
with which CN has a little amount of traffic.
So there is a trade-off between the reduction of amount of traffic and
the consumption of CN's resource.  CN MAY decide how to use R.O from
these 2 viewpoints.
Is my understanding correct?

--
Hiroyuki 




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug  7 01:21:41 2002
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Date: Wed, 07 Aug 2002 15:20:02 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [mobile-ip] (Announce) Hierarchical MIPv6 implementation for Linux
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Message-id: <3D50AE02.3030709@eng.monash.edu.au>
Organization: Monash University
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We are pleased to announce the first release of
source code for the Monash HMIPv6 implementation for Linux.

This is published as a patch to HUT's MIPL 0.9.3 and
radvd 0.7.1

The code is available for download from:

http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/ipv6/hmipv6.htm

This implementation provides:

* Conformance to draft-ietf-mobileip-hmipv6-06.txt
* Correct MN and MAP function for HMIPv6 Basic Mode.
* Support for all IPv6 transport layers
* Dynamic MAP information configuration/propagation.

The source code is published under GNU GPL (kernel)
and a BSD-style (radvd) open-source license.

Additional information is available at the web site.

Interest from other organizations with HMIPv6
implementations is especially sought, for
the purposes of interoperability testing.

Greg Daley

Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering,
Monash University.




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Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobile IPv6 I-D 18:BA status value
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028222302.17008.nordmark@bebop.france> <4.3.2-J.20020807102508.05250c38@imd.m.ecl.ntt.co.jp>
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Hiroyuki OHNISHI wrote:


> I agree to merge the 130/136 error codes because it is difficult for the MN
> to use these different code effectively as you mentioned in your e-mail.


Good.


> But I want to confirm the meaning of second operation [A new entry MAY 
> also be refused if .....].
> It says that the route optimization is effective to reduce the traffic,
> but handling binding cache consumes CN's resources and
> the CN does not want to create new binding cache for a MN
> with which CN has a little amount of traffic.
> So there is a trade-off between the reduction of amount of traffic and
> the consumption of CN's resource.  CN MAY decide how to use R.O from
> these 2 viewpoints.
> Is my understanding correct?

Yes. But I don't really want to emphasize the resource consumption
point: RR+RO consumes an extremely small amount of resources from
the CN. Still, in some cases one wants to carefully evaluate the
tradeoff, e.g. on busy servers. The idea is to allow CNs to make
these decisions.

Jari



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To: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>,
        Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Cc: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        "''mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com' '" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] The link-local address issue
References: <200207150752.g6F7qkGF061058@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr> <3D4116C7.7030700@kolumbus.fi> <3D454370.9050802@hp.com>
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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:

> Yes, I agree.  There was a thread a few months ago about
> what to do with NCE on the mobile, but that did not get any
> answeres.  It looks like the "resetting" all ND state is
> the way to go.


Looks like some people agree at least. Francis, you
said you agreed as well but that it should not be bound
to MIPv6. I'm not sure I understand what you mean.
Where are you proposing to make this clarification?
In a new revision of the ND specifications? I think
the mobility specification is the right place to treat
this issue.

Jari



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Date: Wed, 07 Aug 2002 16:30:51 +0800
From: Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
Subject: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
To: Mobile IP Mailing List <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Hi all,

On Section 9.4.4 of the Mobile IPv6 internet draft, it was specified that:

"if the packet is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
   node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header...

    -  Whenever the Binding Update is accepted with a nonzero lifetime,
       the routing header will be constructed using the care-of address
       as described in Section 9.6.

    -  Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of the packet containing
       the Binding Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing Header,
       the routing header will be constructed using that IP address.
       Note that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, loopback
       addresses, IPv4 mapped addresses, and the unspecified address,
       MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the Binding
       Acknowledgement.

   Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero lifetime but the Source
   IP address is not allowable for use within the Routing Header,
   the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile node's home
   address."

Is this referring to the Type 0 or 2 RH?
If the "addresses other than Home Address" is referring to the Care-of Address (if caching 
of BU entry is successful), shouldn't Type 2 RH be used with the Home Address in it (as 
in Section 9.6: Sending Packets to a MN)?
And if caching fails, shouldn't BAck be sent back to the Home Address (without RH, 
and tunnelled by HA to MN)?

Please correct me if I'm wrong. 


Regards,
Vrizlynn Thing (Ms)

--Boundary_(ID_ycvSJp7IdSRwZlXMaYtM9Q)
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>On Section 9.4.4 of the Mobile IPv6 internet draft, 
it was specified that:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>"if the packet is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than 
the mobile<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing 
header...</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; Whenever the Binding Update is accepted with a 
nonzero lifetime,<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the routing header 
will be constructed using the care-of 
address<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; as described in Section 
9.6.<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of 
the packet containing<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the Binding 
Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing 
Header,<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the routing header will be 
constructed using that IP address.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Note 
that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, 
loopback<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addresses, IPv4 mapped 
addresses, and the unspecified address,<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the 
Binding<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
Acknowledgement.<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero 
lifetime but the Source<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; IP address is not allowable for use 
within the Routing Header,<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be 
sent to the mobile node's home<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; address."<BR></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Is this referring to the Type 0 or 2 
RH?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>If the "addresses other than Home Address" is 
referring to the Care-of Address (if caching </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>of BU entry is successful), </FONT><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>shouldn't Type 2 RH be used with the Home Address in it (as </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>in Section 9.6: Sending Packets to a 
MN)?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>And if caching fails, shouldn't BAck be sent back 
to the Home Address (without RH, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>and tunnelled by HA to MN)?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Please correct me if I'm wrong. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Vrizlynn Thing (Ms)</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

--Boundary_(ID_ycvSJp7IdSRwZlXMaYtM9Q)--


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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028325828.6591.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D4F9389.1000101@kolumbus.fi> <3D500528.D7252192@iprg.nokia.com>
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> Section 10.2 which talks about primary Care-of Address registration 
> with the Home Agent refers to section 9.4.4. specifically the text
> mentioned below. you should move the text there. it is needed for
> the HA to select the destination address for the Binding Ack.
> 
> the reflection attack does not exist when we are talking about
> Home Agent.


Yes. The HA can still keep sending the BA even in these cases.
I will make the following change in 10.2:

    The rules for selecting the Destination IP address (and possibly
    Routing Header construction) for the Binding Acknowledgement to the
    mobile node are the same as in section 9.4.4.

=>

    If the packet
    is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
    node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header (even if
    the binding was rejected).  The intermediate IP address, to which
    the packet will be delivered immediately before the home address, is
    determined as follows:

     -  Whenever the Binding Update is accepted with a nonzero lifetime,
        the routing header will be constructed using the care-of address
        as described in Section 9.6.

     -  Otherwise, the Source IP Address of the packet containing
        the Binding Update MUST be used, unless it is a multicast
        address, link-local address, loopback address, IPv4 mapped
        address, or the unspecified address.

     - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile
       node's home address.

Jari



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Subject: [mobile-ip] issue 94: unclear references to "addresses allowable in RH"
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Background: Text in Section 6.1.7 says:

    The care-of address MUST NOT be any IPv6 address which is prohibited
    for use within a Routing Header; thus multicast addresses, the
    unspecified address, loop-back address, and link-local addresses
    are excluded.  Binding Updates indicating any such excluded care-of
    address MUST be silently discarded.

and Section 9.4.4 says:

     -  Otherwise, if the Source IP Address of the packet containing
        the Binding Update, is legal for inclusion in a Routing Header,
        the routing header will be constructed using that IP address.
        Note that multicast addresses, link-local addresses, loopback
        addresses, IPv4 mapped addresses, and the unspecified address,
        MUST NOT be used within a Routing Header for the Binding
        Acknowledgement.

as well as

    Otherwise, if the Binding Update has a zero lifetime but the Source
    IP address is not allowable for use within the Routing Header,
    the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile node's home
    address.

All these texts refer to addresses allowable for use within the
Routing Header. The given list does not appear to match RFC 2460's
definition of allowable addresses, as it only disallows multicast
addresses. Furthermore, some of the text talks about the IPv6
destination address and still refers to the allowable RH
addresses.

Proposal: It is unnecessary to refer to other documents for the
allowable addresses. We can simply list them in our document.
Two alternative ways to do this:

1) List the illegal address types, i.e., a multicast address,
    link-local address, loopback address, IPv4 mapped address,
    or the unspecified address.
2) List the legal address types, i.e., global unicast
    address.

I'm concerned that we might miss something by picking the first
scheme. And what if there are new address types in the future?



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To: Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
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Vrizlynn Thing wrote:


> Is this referring to the Type 0 or 2 RH?


Type 2. See a separate thread on removing some references to addresses
allowable in RH. The remaining RH references should state type 2 in
all cases. That is, in your specific example the text should
have read:

   "if the packet is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
   node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Type 2 Routing header...

> If the "addresses other than Home Address" is referring to the Care-of 
> Address (if caching


I believe it refers to the source address of the BU. Let's clarify the
text as follows:

  Furthermore, if the packet
  is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
  node's home address, ...


=>

   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
   that carried the Binding Update. If this address is different from
   the home address of the mobile node, ...

I registered the above modifications as issue #95.


> of BU entry is successful), shouldn't Type 2 RH be used with the Home 
> Address in it (as
> in Section 9.6: Sending Packets to a MN)?


Yes.


> And if caching fails, shouldn't BAck be sent back to the Home Address 
> (without RH,
> and tunnelled by HA to MN)?


For CNs, I think it makes more sense to send the packet to the source
address of the BU if possible. This would avoid some reflection attacks
that would otherwise become possible. As Vijay pointed out, this does
not apply to HAs so the HA would still be able to respond to the home
address.

Jari



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Date: Wed, 07 Aug 2002 15:43:55 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Kevin Miles <kmiles@cisco.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] MIPv6 I-D 18: Miscellaneous Comments
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> Kevin Miles wrote:
> 
>>So at any time the mobile can choose to switch from S=1 to S=0? Which begs the
>>question, can it also switch the other way and manage its set of BCEs
>>individually? (Isn't this where we came in :-)
>>
>>I can't actually think why it would be useful for a mobile node to want to
>>change the value of S in either direction during a single binding. Does anyone
>>have a reason for allowing this?
>>
>>My preferred resolution is to declare that the value of S on all rereg and dereg
>>BUs is ignored and treated as if it were the same as on the original BU. (If the
>>mobile node really needs to change the value of S, it can always dereg and reg
>>again.)
>>
> 
> I agree with Kevin.


Ok.

Suggested text. Add to fifth bullet of section 11.6.1:

   The value of the `S' bit MUST be set equivalently
   for subsequent de-registrations and re-registrations
   with the same addresses.

and then in 10.2:

    If the `S' bit field in the Binding Update is zero, The home agent
    creates or updates Binding Cache entries for each of possibly
    several home addresses.  The set of such home addresses is formed
    by replacing the routing prefix for the given home address with
    all other routing prefixes on the mobile node's home link that are
    supported by the home agent processing the Binding Update.  The home
    agent creates such a separate primary care-of address registration
    for each such home address.  Note that the same considerations for
    Duplicate Address Detection apply for each affected home address.

=>

    If the `S' bit field in the Binding Update is zero, The home agent
    creates Binding Cache entries for each of possibly
    several home addresses.  The set of such home addresses is formed
    by replacing the routing prefix for the given home address with
    all other routing prefixes on the mobile node's home link that are
    supported by the home agent processing the Binding Update.  The home
    agent creates such a separate primary care-of address registration
    for each such home address.  Note that the same considerations for
    Duplicate Address Detection apply for each affected home address.
    The value of the `S' bit field is examined only for new registrations.
    Its value is ignored on de-registrations and re-registrations
    of the same addresses.

Jari



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> I guess I was not clear.. The question is not how the old AR can determine the
> IP address of the new AR, which itself is a separate issue, but how can the MN
send
>
> packets to the new router. If the MN knows the L2 address of the new BS (not
the
> new AR), can it send packets to the router ? Two options:
>
> a) assume that the new AP is capable of routing/switching packets to the new
AR
> based on L2 headers
> b) assume that the new AP is only a bridge between wireless and wireline
portions
> of
>      the network.
>
> In UMTS (scenario a) ), the MN sends packets to the AP (actually to Node B and
then
> to RNC).
> And, then there is GTP tunneling. However, in UMTS, the MN does not change the
> AR (i.e., GGSN). As I understand, inter-GGSN handovers are not specified.
Inside
> the GGSN, handover support is done by GTP and is well-specified. So, I am not
> sure how the scenario you describe above would be applicable specifically to
WCDMA
> networks..
> Also, PrRtAdv is as inapplicable as any ND messages defined today.
>

Even if you don't consider GPRS, the base station could take care of making sure
the packets get to the new router, since the router would likely be at the
segmentation and reassembly point for the radio frames. So I don't think it's an
issue in cellular protocols.

> If you consider scenario b), which is applicable to WLAN e.g., the MN needs to
know
>
> the L2 address of the new AR to send packets.
>

Three possibilities:

1) The MN runs Seamoby CARD protocol, maps the new AP address into the new AR
address.

2) MN sends the packet to the new AP L2 address and the new AP forwards to the
new AR. In this case, the AP isn't working as a transparent bridge anymore.

3) The tunnel doesn't run between the new AR and old AR, it runs between the new
AP and the old AP. The new AP and old AP exchange the target triggered signaling
when the new AP gets the Reassociation.request().

Note that 3) isn't quite as unlikely as it may seem, since the new AP must
already use IAPP back to the old AP to request the old AP to clean up its
resources for the mobile.

1) is out of scope for the fast handover draft, 2) and 3) would require some AP
work, and therefore is out of scope for the generic fast handover draft, but
maybe in for the 802.11 specific fast handover draft.

>
> >
> >
> > For link layers where there is no exchange of new BS identity over the air
at
> > Layer 2 prior to handover but the MN knows, the MN can use Seamoby CARD to
do
> > the mapping, and SolPrRtAdv/PrRtAdv would be required.
> >
> > For link layers with no prehandover signaling between the BS and MN such as
> > 802.11, the MN can use Seamoby CARD after handover and do the mapping, but
it is
> > yet unclear how the tunnel would be initiated in this case. Alternatively,
the
> > BS can do the mapping if the old BS id is known, and use target triggered
> > handover, which is also undefined in draft 5. The fast handover signaling
for
> > this case is the most underspecified in draft 5, IMHO.
>
> Regarding target-triggered tunnel establishment: how does the new AR know
> the previous AR, and the previous IP address of the MN ? How does the new AP
> figure both of these through Reassociate ?
>

New AP sends MN L2 address and old AP address to new AR through proposed ICMP
protocol, uses Seamoby CARD to find IP address of old AR for target triggered
handover signaling. The only issue is, unlike MIPv4, that the old AR doesn't
necessarily know the care of address for the MN, unless the AR has locked down
the neighbor cache and still has it around.

I think in our implementation we lock down the neighbor cache and send back the
MN's old CoA in the target triggered handover reply signaling, and flush the
cache when the tunnel gets torn down.

Alternatively, if the AP is handling the tunnel, it does the target triggered
handover back to the old AP in conjunction with the IAPP signaling.

> Regarding tunnel establishment after association: the MN sends FBU which
> triggers HI/HAck and hence the tunnel establishment. This may be need to
> be specified separately, but is not undefined.
>

I'm unclear why FBU is being used here, but I think we should discuss that in a
separate thread.

>
>
> >
> >
> > > So, how does a WLAN card decide to associate with a new AP ?
> >
> > Proprietary. It is not specified in the 802.11 standard. As a practical
matter,
> > FER and signal strength are both possibilites. In existing products, there
are a
> > wide variety of algorithms, and they are likely to get more varied as
vendors
> > start competing on handover performance.
> >
>
> This is good enough. We provide a message that implementations can use
> to obtain the L2 and IP addresses.
>

Can you explain what you mean by a message? The handover decision making is
happening internally to the firmware on the interface card. There is network
traffic involved, but it is strictly determined by the 802.11 scanning protocol.

> >
> > > There is
> > > a "scan" message that allows the MS to figure out what APs are within
> > > reach. After that, there has to be some guideline as to when the MS
> > > changes its AP, based on, e.g., received signal strength.
> >
> > It could also be FER. Also, some current products do make a decision based
on
> > other measures not associated with the quality of the link. 802.11 is not
like
> > cellular, there is no standard signal strength specified nor a standard FER,
nor
> > even a requirement that these should be used to make the handover decision.
The
> > only standardized signaling is the Reassociation.request() and
> > Reassociation.reply() when the card has selected which access point it will
> > associate with.
> >
>
> This is ok. What we need is a message that the implementations can use
> independent of what criterion they use to undergo handover.
>

Same question as above?

>
> >
> > > The result of scan is the input to PrRtSol.
> >
> > Our experience is that the results of a scan are not typically available to
the
> > driver when a handover is necessary, it is conducted by the firmware, and is
> > followed by the Reassociation.request()/reply() without any driver
intervention.
> > On some cards, a scan can be forced, signal strength measured, and handover
> > forced by the driver, but this is by no means a standard. Also,during the
> > exchange of PrRtSol/PrRtAdv (which will take some amount of time) after the
scan
> > is forced, the firmware could decide to perform handover to a completely
> > different access point. Nothing constrains the firmware to continue being
> > associated with the current access point until the PrRtSol/PrRtAdv
completes.
> > Finally, while a scan is being conducted, the card is basically offline for
any
> > traffic. This means that the scan prior to the PrRtSol/PrRtAdv would shut
down
> > traffic to the card, during which time it would have to be buffered (or
dropped)
> > if the scan takes too long.
> >
> > We've measured typical scan times of about 100 ms on a cell with a single
MN.
> > This time increases dramatically if there is more than one MN in the cell,
> > because 802.11 has no QoS on signaling traffic. The scan is scheduled on the
> > link with the same priority as MN traffic. With 3 MNs doing continuous
traffic,
> > the scan time can be upwards of 200 ms.
> >
>
> All of the above is ok. If the MN has time to do PrRtSol/PrRtAdv, which BTW
> takes few milliseconds, it will benefit.

Maybe I wasn't clear here. The issue is that even in *that few milliseconds*,
the firmware may decide to switch to another AP than the one that was selected
by the driver and sent in the PrRtSol/PrRtAv. Can you explain how the Mobile IP
stack can benefit if it runs some nonzero probability of ending up on a
different access point?

> Otherwise, the protocol will operate from
> the
> new link (i.e., FBU sent from new link). So, I don't understand..
>

The current definition of how this works in draft 05 has that defined as an
error case. In 802.11, unless the standard IETF Mobile IP fast handover
specification for 802.11 is defined such that it depends on proprietary
extensions to 802.11, the case of the mobile moving without any prehandover
notification will be the norm.

And, again, I'm unclear why FBU is being used in this case, but we should take
that up in a separate thread.

> >
> > > It suffices to provide a message
> > > that can be called when the L2 decides to look for other AP(s). Note
> > > that there is analogous support in Linux to send a RS upon detecting
> > > a new link.
> > >
> >
> > I don't follow. If the Layer 2 protocol doesn't provide this, how can IP
help?
> > We can't control what happens at Layer 2 unless the hooks are there.
>
> The L2 protocol allows scanning and each card can make a decision
> to undergo handover based on its own criterion. Then, the IP message
> can be sent.
>

As I mentioned above, the firmware has its own ideas. The driver may decide to
switch to access point A, but if the firmware switches to access point B, the IP
signaling won't reflect reality.

> >
> >
> > > If the MS moves before PrRtSol could be attempted, then the HI/HAck
> > > happens after the association with the new AP.
> > >
> >
> > Sure, that's target triggered handover. There is something in draft 04 to do
> > this, and also in the FMIPv4 draft.
>
> v05 also allows the tunnel establishment through FBU. I will put this under
> a separate section for tunnel establishment subsequent to new link
> establishment and more content.
>

OK.

            jak



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Date: Wed, 07 Aug 2002 10:30:30 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
CC: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028325828.6591.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D4F9389.1000101@kolumbus.fi> <3D500528.D7252192@iprg.nokia.com> <3D50ED6F.6030405@kolumbus.fi>
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Jari Arkko wrote:

>     If the packet
>     is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
>     node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header (even if
>     the binding was rejected).  The intermediate IP address, to which
>     the packet will be delivered immediately before the home address, is
>     determined as follows:
> 
>      -  Whenever the Binding Update is accepted with a nonzero lifetime,
>         the routing header will be constructed using the care-of address
>         as described in Section 9.6.
> 
>      -  Otherwise, the Source IP Address of the packet containing
>         the Binding Update MUST be used, unless it is a multicast
>         address, link-local address, loopback address, IPv4 mapped
>         address, or the unspecified address.
> 
>      - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile
>        node's home address.

this wont go anywhere. the MN is not at home. the HA should not
send a Binding Ack, in case it cant be sent to the MN's current 
CoA.

the third point could say

       - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment is not sent.

Vijay


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From: Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.org.sg>
Cc: Mobile IP Mailing List <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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>
>    The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
>    that carried the Binding Update. If this address is different from
>    the home address of the mobile node, ...
>
> I registered the above modifications as issue #95.
>
>
>
> For CNs, I think it makes more sense to send the packet to the source
> address of the BU if possible. This would avoid some reflection attacks
> that would otherwise become possible. As Vijay pointed out, this does
> not apply to HAs so the HA would still be able to respond to the home
> address.
>

I agree with the above. Let's say we have 3 cases here.

Case 1: BU accepted for caching
src = CoA
dest = CN

BAck sent with src = CN, dest = CoA, RH2 = HoA


Case 2: BU accepted for deletion (lifetime == 0)
src = HoA
dest = CN

BAck sent with src = CN, dest = HoA
If src in BU is not HoA but legal RH address, then BAck dest = this src
address, RH2 = HoA


Case 3: BU not accepted
src = CoA / HoA / other addresses
dest = CN

BAck sent with src = CN, dest = HoA
If src in BU is not HoA but legal RH address, then BAck dest = this src
address (no RH2 in this case since binding not accepted)


Am I right to say these? I voiced out these questions mainly because in
Sect. 9.4.4 (Sending Binding Acknowledgement), it's stated that
RH should contain either CoA or Src address. Whereas, I believe in any cases
if RH is to be used, it should contain HoA instead.

Regards,
Vrizlynn Thing



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028325828.6591.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D4F9389.1000101@kolumbus.fi> <3D500528.D7252192@iprg.nokia.com> <3D50ED6F.6030405@kolumbus.fi> <3D515936.FE4F2C8B@iprg.nokia.com>
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:


>>     - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile
>>       node's home address.
>>
> 
> this wont go anywhere. the MN is not at home. the HA should not
> send a Binding Ack, in case it cant be sent to the MN's current 
> CoA.
> 
> the third point could say
> 
>        - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment is not sent.


I though you argued earlier that the CN and HA cases are
different, and the third points differ because there's no
reflection attack danger. But perhaps I misunderstood this.

Anyway, if the HA sends something to the mobile node's home address,
this should be intercepted by the HA and sent to the currently registered
CoA. Note that currently registered may not be the same as the source
address used in the BU, particularly if the BU failed for some reason.

But I guess the main question here is if we *need* to do anything
else than to drop the ack if the source is weird? I'd be very happy
if we didn't need to do anything else.

Jari



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Subject: [mobile-ip] TR: (Announce) Hierarchical MIPv6 implementation for Linux
Date: Thu, 8 Aug 2002 11:43:06 +0200
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Thread-Topic: [mobile-ip] (Announce) Hierarchical MIPv6 implementation for Linux
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From: "AUVRAY Sebastien FTRD/DMI/CAE" <sebastien.auvray@rd.francetelecom.com>
To: "mobile-ip list (E-mail)" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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FYI

Cordialement,

Sebastien

Sebastien

------------------------------------------------------------------
Sebastien AUVRAY
France Telecom R&D  - DMI/SIR/IPI
42, rue des Coutures
BP 6243
14066 CAEN Cedex 4
Tel. :  02.31.75.90.54           Fax :  02.31.75.56.26
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-----Message d'origine-----
De : Greg Daley [mailto:greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au]
Envoye : mercredi 7 aout 2002 07:20
A : mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Objet : [mobile-ip] (Announce) Hierarchical MIPv6 implementation for
Linux


We are pleased to announce the first release of
source code for the Monash HMIPv6 implementation for Linux.

This is published as a patch to HUT's MIPL 0.9.3 and
radvd 0.7.1

The code is available for download from:

http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/ipv6/hmipv6.htm

This implementation provides:

* Conformance to draft-ietf-mobileip-hmipv6-06.txt
* Correct MN and MAP function for HMIPv6 Basic Mode.
* Support for all IPv6 transport layers
* Dynamic MAP information configuration/propagation.

The source code is published under GNU GPL (kernel)
and a BSD-style (radvd) open-source license.

Additional information is available at the web site.

Interest from other organizations with HMIPv6
implementations is especially sought, for
the purposes of interoperability testing.

Greg Daley

Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering,
Monash University.





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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028325828.6591.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D4F9389.1000101@kolumbus.fi> <3D500528.D7252192@iprg.nokia.com> <3D50ED6F.6030405@kolumbus.fi> <3D515936.FE4F2C8B@iprg.nokia.com> <3D52176D.2090200@kolumbus.fi>
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

>> this wont go anywhere. the MN is not at home. the HA should not
>> send a Binding Ack, in case it cant be sent to the MN's current CoA.


And I wrote:


> But I guess the main question here is if we *need* to do anything
> else than to drop the ack if the source is weird? I'd be very happy
> if we didn't need to do anything else.

After some thinking, we do need to handle at least the case where
the source address is link-local (when the MN is returning home).

Also, I'm not sure the rule about the current CoA is sufficient
either. Say, the MN has moved and can no longer use the previous
coa. Then, it sends a BU but for some reason with a wrong sequence
number. The BA will give an error about this, and the MN must be
able to read this error before the situation can be corrected. So
it would seem that we must be able to send the BA to the source of
the BU rather than the currently registered coa?

Jari



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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
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Vrizlynn Thing wrote:


> I agree with the above. Let's say we have 3 cases here.
> 
> Case 1: BU accepted for caching
> src = CoA
> dest = CN
> 
> BAck sent with src = CN, dest = CoA, RH2 = HoA


Right.


> Case 2: BU accepted for deletion (lifetime == 0)
> src = HoA
> dest = CN
> 
> BAck sent with src = CN, dest = HoA
> If src in BU is not HoA but legal RH address, then BAck dest = this src
> address, RH2 = HoA
> 
> 
> Case 3: BU not accepted
> src = CoA / HoA / other addresses
> dest = CN
> 
> BAck sent with src = CN, dest = HoA
> If src in BU is not HoA but legal RH address, then BAck dest = this src
> address (no RH2 in this case since binding not accepted)


No. Per issue #92 CNs will not respond to HoA if the src is unsuitable.

So: 

   BAck sent with src=CN, dest=bu src, RH2=hoa

I think this applies to both cases 2 and 3. The real differentiator is
is (1) whether bu src is equal to home address or not, and then if
not (2) whether the bu src is a suitable address or not.


> Am I right to say these? I voiced out these questions mainly because in
> Sect. 9.4.4 (Sending Binding Acknowledgement), it's stated that
> RH should contain either CoA or Src address. Whereas, I believe in any cases
> if RH is to be used, it should contain HoA instead.

Correct. This should be fixed.

Sigh... 9.4.4. is a continuous source of trouble... let's try to
create better text to fix #92, #94 and #95. This one is for 9.4.4:

   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
   that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
   independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
   information from the Binding Cache.

   If the Source Address field does not contain a global unicast address,
   the Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.

   If the address is a global unicast address, further processing
   depends on whether this address is the home address of the mobile node
   or not. If the Binding Update does not contain a Home Address destination
   option, then the source address is the home address of the mobile
   node. If so, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
   Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the source address,
   but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the packet to carry the
   home address.

And this one is for 10.2:

   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
   that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
   independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
   information from the Binding Cache.

   If the Source Address field does not contain a global or link-local
   unicast address, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.

   If the address is of these types, further processing
   depends on whether the address was the home address of the mobile node
   or not. If the Binding Update does not contain a Home Address destination
   option, then the source address is the home address of the mobile
   node. If so, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
   Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the source address,
   but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the packet to carry the
   home address.

Jari



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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> >>     - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment MUST be sent to the mobile
> >>       node's home address.
> >>
> >
> > this wont go anywhere. the MN is not at home. the HA should not
> > send a Binding Ack, in case it cant be sent to the MN's current
> > CoA.
> >
> > the third point could say
> >
> >        - Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgment is not sent.
> 
> I though you argued earlier that the CN and HA cases are
> different, and the third points differ because there's no
> reflection attack danger. But perhaps I misunderstood this.

no you did not. I was saying that.

> Anyway, if the HA sends something to the mobile node's home address,
> this should be intercepted by the HA and sent to the currently registered
> CoA. Note that currently registered may not be the same as the source
> address used in the BU, particularly if the BU failed for some reason.

I dont want this. let me try to construct a scenario

1. HA has a binding for MN pointing to CoA1.

2. MN sends a binding update to the HA with CoA2.

3. BU fails for some reason and is not accepted.

    a) CoA2 is a valid address (a global unicast address). 
       the HA sends a binding ack to CoA2 and not CoA1. the 
       BCE contents are not used. the routing header contains 
       the HoA.

    b) CoA2 is not a valid address (a non-global unicast
       address). HA does not send a binding ack. 

does this sound ok?

regards
Vijay


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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> >> this wont go anywhere. the MN is not at home. the HA should not
> >> send a Binding Ack, in case it cant be sent to the MN's current CoA.
> 
> And I wrote:
> 
> > But I guess the main question here is if we *need* to do anything
> > else than to drop the ack if the source is weird? I'd be very happy
> > if we didn't need to do anything else.
> 
> After some thinking, we do need to handle at least the case where
> the source address is link-local (when the MN is returning home).

okay. anyway, if a BU was received with link local address as
the source address the HA can assume it is from the same link.
if the MN sends a BU from a visited link with the source address
set to link local, the packet should have never been forwarded
by the router serving the MN in the visited link.
 
> Also, I'm not sure the rule about the current CoA is sufficient
> either. Say, the MN has moved and can no longer use the previous
> coa. Then, it sends a BU but for some reason with a wrong sequence
> number. The BA will give an error about this, and the MN must be
> able to read this error before the situation can be corrected. So
> it would seem that we must be able to send the BA to the source of
> the BU rather than the currently registered coa?

right.

Vijay


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028325828.6591.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D4F9389.1000101@kolumbus.fi> <3D500528.D7252192@iprg.nokia.com> <3D50ED6F.6030405@kolumbus.fi> <3D515936.FE4F2C8B@iprg.nokia.com> <3D52176D.2090200@kolumbus.fi> <3D525195.7010807@piuha.
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> 
> Jari Arkko wrote:
> >
> > Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> >
> > >> this wont go anywhere. the MN is not at home. the HA should not
> > >> send a Binding Ack, in case it cant be sent to the MN's current CoA.
> >
> > And I wrote:
> >
> > > But I guess the main question here is if we *need* to do anything
> > > else than to drop the ack if the source is weird? I'd be very happy
> > > if we didn't need to do anything else.
> >
> > After some thinking, we do need to handle at least the case where
> > the source address is link-local (when the MN is returning home).
> 
> okay. anyway, if a BU was received with link local address as
> the source address the HA can assume it is from the same link.
> if the MN sends a BU from a visited link with the source address
> set to link local, the packet should have never been forwarded
> by the router serving the MN in the visited link.

one more thing. there is no need for the MN to send a BU using link 
local address. it is possible with the current draft 18 for the MN 
to send a BU with its home address as the source after it comes 
home. and it works.

Vijay


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Aug  8 16:43:47 2002
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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@MEGISTO.com>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Mobile IP Working Group Cochairman
Date: Thu, 8 Aug 2002 16:36:55 -0400 
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Hi folks,

     We'd like to announce that we've added Gabriel Montenegro as a third
cochair for the Mobile IP Working Group.
We are pleased to welcome him into this role.  The three of us are
coordinating our efforts and there should be
no noticeable interruption of WG activities.  Gabriel's contact info is
gab@sun.com.

     Some of you may know that I've taken the job of chairing the
nominations committe for the upcoming year.
(By the way, pariticipating in the nominating process is a valuable and
rewarding activity and you can volunteer to
be a committe member by sending an email to me.  The committee members will
be chosen at random from
the folks who volunteer.  You can read more about it at:
http://www.ietf.org/nomcom/index.html).  Gabriel's help
with the Mobile IP working group will free up cycles for me for that
activity.

Thanks,
Phil



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[Many appologies if you receive duplicates of this message]


=======================================
C A L L  for  P A R T I C I P A T I O N
=======================================

   ***  ACM MobiCom 2002  *** 

The Eighth ACM International Conference on
Mobile Computing and Networking

     September 23-28, 2002

Westin Peachtree Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

   Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
MobiCom has grown in prestige since its inception in 1995 to
become the leading technical meeting to learn about the latest
and most exciting developments in mobile networking and 
computing. This year's conference includes 26 outstanding 
technical papers, 8 informative tutorials, two very interesting 
panels, an exceptional student poster session, and 6 full-day 
workshops that reflect important new research directions, 
including new workshops on sensor networks and wireless security.

As the global interest in mobile and wireless research and development
surges, come join the debate on the future of mobile and wireless
communication networks.

Please find below information concerning registration, 
hotel accommodation, and a summary of the MobiCom 2002 program.

We look forward to hosting you in Atlanta!


Ian F. Akyildiz
MobiCom 2002 General Chair

----------------------------------------------------------------------
FULL TECHNICAL PROGRAM:

nhttp://www.acm.org/sigmobile/mobicom/2002/

SECURE ONLINE REGISTRATION:

Early Registration cut-off ** August 22, 2002**

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CONFERENCE PROGRAM SUMMARY:
---------------------------

+ 8 tutorials, September 23-24, 2002:

  Mobile IPv6
  Charles E. Perkins, Nokia Research Center

  Wireless Sensor Networks
  Deborah Estrin, University of California, Los Angeles
  Akbar Sayeed, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  Mani Srivastava, University of California, Los Angeles

  M-Commerce - Issues, Applications and Technologies
  Upkar Varshney, Georgia State University

  Mobile Computing Middleware
  Cecilia Mascolo, University College London

  Wireless IP Multimedia
  Henning Schulzrinne, Columbia University

  QoS Enhancements for Wireless Packet Networks
  Mike Tzamaloukas, Skymoon Ventures

  Wireless Data Network and Systems
  H. Anthony Chan, San Jose State University

  Mobile Ad Hoc Networking
  Elizabeth Belding-Royer, UC Santa Barbara,
  Sung-Ju Lee, HP Laboratories

+ 26 technical papers (September 25-27, 2002)
  covering sessions on:

  Security, media access control, transport layer issues,
  WLANs, sensor networks, energy efficient systems,
  wireless QOS, systems issues, and future research challenges.

+ 2 panels

  "Evolution of Mobile and Wireless Networks: Enablers and Inhibitors"
  Organizer and Moderator: Tom LaPorta, Lucent Technologies

  "Home Networks - Wired or Wireless?"
   Organizer and Moderator: Marie-Jose Montpetit, MJMontpetit.com

+ a student poster session (new to MobiCom)

+ a DEMO session of mobile and wireless kit

+ 6 one day ACM workshops, September 28, 2002:

   Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications (WSNA 2002)

   Workshop on Wireless Security (WiSe)

   Workshop on Wireless Mobile Multimedia (WoWMoM 2002)

   Workshop on Discrete Algorithms and Methods for Mobile
   Computing and Communications (Dial M for Mobility 2002)

   Workshop on Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile
   Systems (MSWiM 2002)

   Workshop on Mobile Commerce



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  9 07:00:08 2002
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Date: Fri, 09 Aug 2002 14:01:39 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Reflection attack using bogus BU?
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.1028325828.6591.nordmark@bebop.france> <3D4F9389.1000101@kolumbus.fi> <3D500528.D7252192@iprg.nokia.com> <3D50ED6F.6030405@kolumbus.fi> <3D515936.FE4F2C8B@iprg.nokia.com> <3D52176D.2090200@kolumbus.fi> <3D52A60F.8E6E88C8@iprg.nokia.com>
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:


> 1. HA has a binding for MN pointing to CoA1.
> 
> 2. MN sends a binding update to the HA with CoA2.
> 
> 3. BU fails for some reason and is not accepted.
> 
>     a) CoA2 is a valid address (a global unicast address). 
>        the HA sends a binding ack to CoA2 and not CoA1. the 
>        BCE contents are not used. the routing header contains 
>        the HoA.
> 
>     b) CoA2 is not a valid address (a non-global unicast
>        address). HA does not send a binding ack. 
> 
> does this sound ok?


Yes.

Jari





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug  9 08:29:40 2002
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Date: Fri, 9 Aug 2002 14:27:12 +0200 (CEST)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
To: Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
Cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.org.sg>,
        Mobile IP Mailing List <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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> Case 3: BU not accepted
> src = CoA / HoA / other addresses
> dest = CN
> 
> BAck sent with src = CN, dest = HoA
> If src in BU is not HoA but legal RH address, then BAck dest = this src
> address (no RH2 in this case since binding not accepted)

The safe thing to do (to avoid using this for reflection attacks) in
this case is to send the BAck with a destination which is the source of the BU.

  Erik



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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg>, Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.org.sg>,
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> So: 
> 
>    BAck sent with src=CN, dest=bu src, RH2=hoa
> 
> I think this applies to both cases 2 and 3. The real differentiator is
> is (1) whether bu src is equal to home address or not, and then if
> not (2) whether the bu src is a suitable address or not.

While this packet doesn't cause reflection attacks in case 3
(since it is delivered to the bu src) it seems a bit odd to have 
the RH2 there. Doesn't cause harm as far as I can tell mbut it looks odd...

  Erik



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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        Mobile IP Mailing List <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
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Erik Nordmark wrote:


>>   BAck sent with src=CN, dest=bu src, RH2=hoa
>>
>>I think this applies to both cases 2 and 3. The real differentiator is
>>is (1) whether bu src is equal to home address or not, and then if
>>not (2) whether the bu src is a suitable address or not.
> 
> While this packet doesn't cause reflection attacks in case 3
> (since it is delivered to the bu src) it seems a bit odd to have 
> the RH2 there. Doesn't cause harm as far as I can tell mbut it looks odd...

The rules that I'm proposing (see bottom of [1]) sends the BA
always to the BU src (and drops it if the src is unsuitable). RH2
goes to the packet when the src is not the home address.

Are you saying that you'd like RH2 to be included only if (a) the
BU src is not the home address AND (b) the BU has been successful?

Jari

[1] http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/issues/issue95.txt



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Date: Fri, 09 Aug 2002 17:56:46 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Reply-To: jari.arkko@piuha.net
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Cc: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] R (router) bit in BUs
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>    However, I have some doubts about this still. But let me first
>    describe the alternatives we have:
>    
>       1. No R-bit in base spec.
> 
> => do you mean "R-bit in base spec".


Yes. Sorry for the confusion.


>       2. R-Bit in an draft-kniveton-mobrtr-02.txt
>       3. No R-bit, ever.
>    
>    I think no one is arguing for #3 so we can only consider #1 and
>    #2. But what is their difference? One concern is that if the base
>    spec does not define this, then it becomes impossible to extend this
>    functionality later. This is obviously not an issue, as there is
>    reserved space in the BUs that can be used.
>    
> => I can't see a real difference between a reversed dedicated space
> and #1. So #1 is simpler for the future.


Yeah, well... the only real difference is that in #1 we have some
text in the base RFC while in #2 we don't. The behaviour is really
the same in any case.


>    Another possible concern is that when base-only HA implementations
>    are deployed, it becomes impossible to deploy mobile routers as the
>    existing HAs do not support them.
> 
> => don't forget that in IPv6 a node is either a host or a router
> (exclusive "or").
> 
>     Presumably,
>    we are talking a case where a mobile host is a router at the same time.
> 
> => s/host/node/ !
> 
>    In conclusion, my suggestion is that we should define the R bit in
>    draft-kniveton and keep the base spec from increasing in length once
>    more...
> 
> => as you still have to reserve the bit I don't buy this argument.


The reservation is for a _set_ of bits that can be used for a number
of potential future things.

This debate is turning to one a rather philosophical one. Do we describe
the bit now in the base spec but leave it's main use to be described
later? Or do we put everything in the later, complete spec for mobile
routers?

We are not going to break anything either way. My preference is to
keep related functionality described in one place (the complete
mobile router spec), and to strip the base RFC of features that
aren't operational until some further developments occur. But looking
at this thread, many people seem to be OK with putting the R bit
back in. I'm OK with that as well. Could you Francis propose the
text that is needed?

Jari



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To: "'mobile-ip'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "'Charlie Perkins'" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] A Race condition which may cause denial of service if network con
	dition persist
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------_=_NextPart_001_01C23FBB.307DF2F0
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Hello Charlie,

This is a race condition where the FA and the MN does everything according
to the standard 
BUT still this scenario may cause a denial of service for many Mobile Nodes
when the network 
"probably" is handling a heavy traffic or more explicitly when it takes
about a second 
for the FA to receive the RRP from the HA for any DYNAMIC BASIC/Reverse
Tunnel Mobile IP call.

Background:
According to the standard (RFC3220) Mobile Node can not send RRQ messages
with less than one second interval.
In other words, Mobile Node must wait at least one second before retrying to
register with the same FA.
Now as we know that Air time (Wireless) is the most precious thing for
carriers, Carriers MAY very well configure 
their Mobile Nodes with a retry timer of "1 second".


Details:

MN					PDSN
HA
------					-----------
-----

<<<<<=======  Agent Adv. FAC=C1  ==== (1)

(2)===== RRQ 	============>>>>>>>>>
		Home Address  = 0.0.0.0
		ID		= ID1
		FAC		= C1
					       (3)===== RRQ
============>>>>>>>
							Home Address  =
0.0.0.0
							ID		=
ID1
							FAC		= C1

					        <<<<<<===== RRP
==========  (4)
							Home Address  =
a.b.c.d.
							ID		=
ID1
							FAC		= C1

   <<<<<<===== RRP 	===============(5.1)	{Mobile Node is REGISTERED
with Home Address = a.b.c.d.}
		Home Address  = a.b.c.d.
		ID		= ID1
		FAC		= C2

(5.2)===== RRQ Retransmission ====>>>>>    		{Since Mobile Node
is Registered C1 is Used Challenge}
		Home Address  = 0.0.0.0
		ID (timestamp)	= ID2
		FAC		= C1

** Mobile Node ignores the RRP(5.1) since it already sent a retransmission
RRQ with ID2.

   <<<<<<== RRP (code=106 Stale Challenge) ==(6)
		Home Address  = a.b.c.d.
		ID		= ID2
		FAC		= C3

(7)===== Agent Solicitation Msg ====>>>>>    

<<<<<=======  Agent Adv. FAC=C4  ==== (8)

(9)===== RRQ 	============>>>>>>>>>		{C4 is not USED BUT Mobile
Node is Registered with Home Address = a.b.c.d. NOT 0.0.0.0}
		Home Address  = 0.0.0.0
		ID		= ID3
		FAC		= C4

 <<<= RRP(code=99 Home Address missing)==(10)
		Home Address  = a.b.c.d.
		ID		= ID3
		FAC		= C5

This scenario continues and eventually MN takes down the call after
exhausting all retries.
There is a big possibility, if the network condition persists, MN will not
get service.

Although this is a race condition but it is very possible and may cause a
denial of service to
some Mobile Nodes for some time.

Charlie,
Your comments is greatly appreciated.

Regards;
Ahmad Muhanna


------_=_NextPart_001_01C23FBB.307DF2F0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2654.89">
<TITLE>A Race condition which may cause denial of service if network =
condition persist</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Hello Charlie,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>This is a race condition where the FA and the MN does =
everything according to the standard </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>BUT still this scenario may cause a denial of =
service for many Mobile Nodes when the network </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&quot;probably&quot; is handling a heavy traffic or =
more explicitly when it takes about a second </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>for the FA to receive the RRP from the HA for any =
DYNAMIC BASIC/Reverse Tunnel Mobile IP call.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Background:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>According to the standard (RFC3220) Mobile Node can =
not send RRQ messages with less than one second interval.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>In other words, Mobile Node must wait at least one =
second before retrying to register with the same FA.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Now as we know that Air time (Wireless) is the most =
precious thing for carriers, Carriers MAY very well configure </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>their Mobile Nodes with a retry timer of &quot;1 =
second&quot;.</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Details:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>MN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PDSN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; HA</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>------&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
-----------&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -----</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D&nbsp; Agent =
Adv. FAC=3DC1&nbsp; =3D=3D=3D=3D (1)</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>(2)=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D RRQ &nbsp;&nbsp; =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;=
</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D 0.0.0.0</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>ID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D ID1</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C1</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (3)=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D RRQ =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D 0.0.0.0</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>ID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D ID1</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C1</FONT>
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D RRP =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D&nbsp; (4)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D a.b.c.d.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>ID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D ID1</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C1</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D =
RRP &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D(5.1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
{Mobile Node is REGISTERED with Home Address =3D a.b.c.d.}</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D a.b.c.d.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>ID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D ID1</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C2</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>(5.2)=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D RRQ Retransmission =
=3D=3D=3D=3D&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
{Since Mobile Node is Registered C1 is Used Challenge}</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D 0.0.0.0</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>ID =
(timestamp)&nbsp; =3D ID2</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C1</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>** Mobile Node ignores the RRP(5.1) since it already =
sent a retransmission RRQ with ID2.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;=3D=3D RRP =
(code=3D106 Stale Challenge) =3D=3D(6)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D a.b.c.d.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>ID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D ID2</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C3</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>(7)=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D Agent Solicitation Msg =
=3D=3D=3D=3D&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D&nbsp; Agent =
Adv. FAC=3DC4&nbsp; =3D=3D=3D=3D (8)</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>(9)=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D RRQ &nbsp;&nbsp; =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {C4 is not USED =
BUT Mobile Node is Registered with Home Address =3D a.b.c.d. NOT =
0.0.0.0}</FONT></P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D 0.0.0.0</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>ID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D ID3</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C4</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;&lt;&lt;&lt;=3D RRP(code=3D99 Home Address =
missing)=3D=3D(10)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Home =
Address&nbsp; =3D a.b.c.d.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>ID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D ID3</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>FAC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =3D C5</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>This scenario continues and eventually MN takes down =
the call after exhausting all retries.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>There is a big possibility, if the network condition =
persists, MN will not get service.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Although this is a race condition but it is very =
possible and may cause a denial of service to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>some Mobile Nodes for some time.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Charlie,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Your comments is greatly appreciated.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Regards;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Ahmad Muhanna</FONT>
</P>

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: MIPv6 for Multiple Interfaces
	Author(s)	: N. Montavont, T. Noel, M. Kassi-Lahlou
	Filename	: draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-00.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 24-Jul-02
	
MIPv6 [MIPv6] allows a MN to maintain its IPv6 communications
while moving between subnets. This document presents the
problematic for a MN of having multiple network interfaces. It
discusses how to perform vertical handovers (flow redirection
between interfaces) and propose MMI (MIPv6 for Multiple
Interfaces) which describes the use of MIPv6 to support multiple
interfaces. These extensions focus on the MN ability to use a
backup interface for communications and to redirect flows between
its own interfaces.

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Better late than never :-)

Draft 18 is more organized than draft 17. Thanks for adding sections
on node requirements for supporting RO to make things clear.

The following are my comments (some of them may be already
mentioned by the previous reviewers):

1.
Section 4. Basic Operation

It's good add a subsection at the end to describe the two
modes of operation for clarity :
1) MN-CN communication through reverse tunnel via HA
2) MN-CN communication using Route Optimization
   In this section, we can specify that RR procedure
   is the default RO mechanism defined in this draft.


2.
Since, lifetime field has been changed to
16 bit, s/0xffffffff/0xffff

3.
section 6.1.7 (BU)
Now that we removed home-address field from the BU
message and made HAO manadatory for all BUs for
which src-addr is not home-addr. A line after the
following paragraph is needed:

A Binding Update to the home agent MUST include the Home Address
   destination option if the Source Address field in the IPv6 header is
   not the home address of the mobile node.

i,e.
 A binding Update to the Correspondent node MUST include
home address option (section 9.4.1) .


3.
section 6.1.8 indicates that we don't have "no Security
Association" status code anymore and we have:

137   Invalid authenticator

That suggests Binding Authorization Data Option is manadatory
for all binding update messages--correct ?
If that is the case, then that must be specified in 6.1.7
as well. Otherwise, we need another status error code or
specification when the HA or CN receives a BU without
binding authorization data option.


4.

6.1.9

Status code 1:
1   Home Address destination option used without a binding
Is this still valid ?


5.
section 8.2 Route Optimization Requirements for All IPv6 Nodes

It's missing the MN behavior,

How about adding a text something like this?

A node that is performing mobile node operation MUST be able to
process RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header (section 11.2.3 and 6.4).
All other nodes MUST ignore and drop RTHDR_TYPE2 extensions.


6.
section  8.4

One more requirement to be added:

- Every home agent MUST support IPSec ESP for protection of
  packets belonging to Return Routability Procedure (section
10.7).

7.

section 8.5

Additional requirement:

-MUST be able to process RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header as defined
 in 6.4 and 11.2.3

8.

section 9.2.2 , section 9.4.6 needs update as they specify that
HAO without binding asociation MUST be dropped.

9.
section 10.3

remove:
-  The Refresh field MUST be set to zero.
10.
section 9.4.1
s/144/138
s/145/139
s/141/135

Perhaps there are more cases throughout the document.


11.
section 10. Home Agent Operation

Should not we have a section here on "Processing Binding Updates" ?



-Samita





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From: vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg
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Date: Sat, 10 Aug 2002 11:50:04 +0800
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Mobile IP Mailing List <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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> > Case 2: BU accepted for deletion (lifetime == 0)
> > src = HoA
> > dest = CN
> > 
> > BAck sent with src = CN, dest = HoA
> > If src in BU is not HoA but legal RH address, then BAck dest = 
> this src
> > address, RH2 = HoA
> > 
> > 
> > Case 3: BU not accepted
> > src = CoA / HoA / other addresses
> > dest = CN
> > 
> > BAck sent with src = CN, dest = HoA
> > If src in BU is not HoA but legal RH address, then BAck dest = 
> this src
> > address (no RH2 in this case since binding not accepted)
> 
> 
> No. Per issue #92 CNs will not respond to HoA if the src is 
> unsuitable.

That means checking of whether the src address is legal for routing 
purpose, is compulsory no matter whether if it's (src address's) a HoA or 
not?


> So: 
> 
>   BAck sent with src=CN, dest=bu src, RH2=hoa
> 
> I think this applies to both cases 2 and 3. The real 
> differentiator is
> is (1) whether bu src is equal to home address or not, and then if
> not (2) whether the bu src is a suitable address or not.
> 
>   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 
> header   that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
>   independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
>   information from the Binding Cache.
> 
>   If the Source Address field does not contain a global unicast 
> address,   the Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.
> 
>   If the address is a global unicast address, further processing
>   depends on whether this address is the home address of the 
> mobile node
>   or not. If the Binding Update does not contain a Home Address 
> destination   option, then the source address is the home address 
> of the mobile
>   node. If so, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly 
> to this address.
>   Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to 
> the source address,
>   but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the packet to 
> carry the
>   home address.
> 

Therefore, binding cache information is not to be used when sending 
BAck. 
The src address must be checked if it's legal.
Determination of whether RH2 is to be used only if the BU contains a dest 
opt for HoA.
If there's no dest opt for HoA, then BAck is sent directly to the src 
address.
As Erik pointed out, is it necessary to use RH2 if the BAck is to return a 
failure status code?
Will there be any security loophole in this case?

Regards,
Vrizlynn Thing



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From: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
Organization: Hewlett Packard
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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Hi

I have some questions about Section 5 (Security) in
draft 18.

1.  Multiple subsections use the symbol '|' in the cookie
     and key calculations.  Does this symbol mean "concatinate"
     or "Logical OR"?  (my guess is "Concatinate").  If my guess
     is correct, in what order are the bits concatinated (i.e
     cookie | none == ((cookie << 64) | nonce)?

2.  Section 5.2.5 uses a function First64() in calculating home
     and care-of cookies.  Which bits are assumed to be the first
     64 bits?

3.  There doesn't appear to be a section on processing and validating
     Binding Updates.  Is it enought to make sure that authenticator
     matches, or should the entire HMAC match?  (My guess it the
     entire HMAC).

4.  Section 5.2.7 says the following:

     "Before sending a Binding Update, the mobile node has to wait for both
      the Home and Care-of Cookies to arrive.  Due to resource limitations,
      rapid deletion of bindings, or reboots it can not be guaranteed that
      the cookies are still fresh and acceptable when the correspondent
      node uses them in the processing of the Binding Update.  If the
      cookies have become too old, the correspondent node replies with
      an an error code in the Binding Acknowledgement.  The mobile node
      can then retry the return routability procedure.  However, it is
      recommended that correspondent nodes try to keep these cookies
      acceptable as long as possible and SHOULD NOT accept them beyond
      MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds."

    I find this paragraph highly confusing from the point of view of a
    correspondent node.  This paragraph implies that the correspondent
    should timeout and therefore cache cookies, but the whole assumption
    behind RR is that correspondent doesn't keep state per mobile node until
    BU had happened.  So, in effect, the corresondent times out nonces every
    MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds.  Is my understanding correct?


Depending on the replies to the above, I might have more questions,
but I'll hold them for now.

Thanks
-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Date: Tue, 13 Aug 2002 10:00:14 -0700
From: Alpesh S Patel <alpesh@cisco.com>
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 Draft"]
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Posting it again...

Alpesh S Patel wrote:

> Hi,
>
> We have been going over the AAA Key Distribution draft in
> detail and have the following list of questions. Can someone
> clarify them.
>
> 1.  Section 3 (items 8, 9), indicates that unsoliciated key material
>     can be pushed to the MN. Is the intended purpose to generate
>     new keys at MN? The wording says that MN authenticates and
>     then if finds 'unsolicited key material', MN generates key.
>
> 2. Is the intention of this draft to also facilitate HA/FA key
>    distribution through AAA? If so, which entity initiates it?
>    Also, how to ensure that FA and HA reaches the same AAA server?
>    (The last question is critical if AAA server is Radius).
>
> 3. Where is the MF KeyRequest Extension located compared to MN-AAA
>     AE? If before MN-AAA AE, FA cannot remove this extension before
>     forwarding RRQ to HA. Section 3 (item 4) states this, but just
>     wanted to confirm.
>
> 4. Sections 6.1 and 6.3, what is included in subtype data?
>
> 5. Sections 6.2 and 6.4, what is included in subtype data? Is it
>    that this contains the extensions specified in section 8 and 9?
>
> 6. Why 6.4 has lifetime and not section 9 extension?
>    Why 6.2 does not have lifetime field and section 8 extension has?
>    Can you clarify this?
>
> 7. Can MN put multiple MN KeyRequestExtensions in same RRQ to
>    generate multiple keys? If not, then the solution would be to send
>    multiple RRQs. Can a statement in this regards put in the draft to
>    clarify this behavior.
>
> Suggestions:
> ------------
> 1. Section 5, the formulae for calculating the key is missing to take
>    the AAA-key into account. It is described in the following
>    paragraph in that section. This needs to be corrected.
>
> 2. A paragraph explaining the role of SPI's (how they are setup) to be
>    unidirectional would help if it is spelled out clearly.
>
> Thanks
> Alpesh



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Vlad

About your question 3 there is a section describing BU processing and validation in 9.4.1 "Receiving Binding Updates". So this should be covered.

However under Home Agent Operation for shake of clarity I would like to propose some lines of description how a static SA is used to validate the MN-HA BUs. Current text that describes in 10.2 "Primary Care-of Address Registration" starts with an assumption that the BU is valid. But says nothing how the validation is done. Later in  section 10.3 "Primary Care-of address De-Registration" the text finally refers to Section 9.4.1.

However section 9.4.1 has been written Return Routability in mind that doesn't apply as such with the home agent that has IPsec SA. 


Regards 
Hannu

-----Original Message-----
From: ext Vladislav Yasevich [mailto:Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com]
Sent: 13 August, 2002 11:57 AM
To: MobilIP
Subject: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18


Hi

I have some questions about Section 5 (Security) in
draft 18.

1.  Multiple subsections use the symbol '|' in the cookie
     and key calculations.  Does this symbol mean "concatinate"
     or "Logical OR"?  (my guess is "Concatinate").  If my guess
     is correct, in what order are the bits concatinated (i.e
     cookie | none == ((cookie << 64) | nonce)?

2.  Section 5.2.5 uses a function First64() in calculating home
     and care-of cookies.  Which bits are assumed to be the first
     64 bits?

3.  There doesn't appear to be a section on processing and validating
     Binding Updates.  Is it enought to make sure that authenticator
     matches, or should the entire HMAC match?  (My guess it the
     entire HMAC).

4.  Section 5.2.7 says the following:

     "Before sending a Binding Update, the mobile node has to wait for both
      the Home and Care-of Cookies to arrive.  Due to resource limitations,
      rapid deletion of bindings, or reboots it can not be guaranteed that
      the cookies are still fresh and acceptable when the correspondent
      node uses them in the processing of the Binding Update.  If the
      cookies have become too old, the correspondent node replies with
      an an error code in the Binding Acknowledgement.  The mobile node
      can then retry the return routability procedure.  However, it is
      recommended that correspondent nodes try to keep these cookies
      acceptable as long as possible and SHOULD NOT accept them beyond
      MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds."

    I find this paragraph highly confusing from the point of view of a
    correspondent node.  This paragraph implies that the correspondent
    should timeout and therefore cache cookies, but the whole assumption
    behind RR is that correspondent doesn't keep state per mobile node until
    BU had happened.  So, in effect, the corresondent times out nonces every
    MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds.  Is my understanding correct?


Depending on the replies to the above, I might have more questions,
but I'll hold them for now.

Thanks
-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug 13 22:00:06 2002
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Date: Tue, 13 Aug 2002 19:00:26 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
To: hannu.flinck@nokia.com
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com
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> However under Home Agent Operation for shake of clarity I would like to 
propose some lines of description how a static SA is used to validate the MN-HA 
BUs. Current text that describes in 10.2 "Primary Care-of Address Registration" 
starts with an assumption that the BU is valid. But says nothing how the 
validation is done. Later in  section 10.3 "Primary Care-of address 
De-Registration" the text finally refers to Section 9.4.1.
> 
> However section 9.4.1 has been written Return Routability in mind that doesn't 
apply as such with the home agent that has IPsec SA. 
> 


Agreed.  Currently Section 10 (Home Agent Operation) is missing a
section on "Processing Binding Updates". A section seems to be necessary
to describe HA's processing of binding updates from MN.


-Samita


> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Vladislav Yasevich [mailto:Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com]
> Sent: 13 August, 2002 11:57 AM
> To: MobilIP
> Subject: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
> 
> 
> Hi
> 
> I have some questions about Section 5 (Security) in
> draft 18.
> 
> 1.  Multiple subsections use the symbol '|' in the cookie
>      and key calculations.  Does this symbol mean "concatinate"
>      or "Logical OR"?  (my guess is "Concatinate").  If my guess
>      is correct, in what order are the bits concatinated (i.e
>      cookie | none == ((cookie << 64) | nonce)?
> 
> 2.  Section 5.2.5 uses a function First64() in calculating home
>      and care-of cookies.  Which bits are assumed to be the first
>      64 bits?
> 
> 3.  There doesn't appear to be a section on processing and validating
>      Binding Updates.  Is it enought to make sure that authenticator
>      matches, or should the entire HMAC match?  (My guess it the
>      entire HMAC).
> 
> 4.  Section 5.2.7 says the following:
> 
>      "Before sending a Binding Update, the mobile node has to wait for both
>       the Home and Care-of Cookies to arrive.  Due to resource limitations,
>       rapid deletion of bindings, or reboots it can not be guaranteed that
>       the cookies are still fresh and acceptable when the correspondent
>       node uses them in the processing of the Binding Update.  If the
>       cookies have become too old, the correspondent node replies with
>       an an error code in the Binding Acknowledgement.  The mobile node
>       can then retry the return routability procedure.  However, it is
>       recommended that correspondent nodes try to keep these cookies
>       acceptable as long as possible and SHOULD NOT accept them beyond
>       MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds."
> 
>     I find this paragraph highly confusing from the point of view of a
>     correspondent node.  This paragraph implies that the correspondent
>     should timeout and therefore cache cookies, but the whole assumption
>     behind RR is that correspondent doesn't keep state per mobile node until
>     BU had happened.  So, in effect, the corresondent times out nonces every
>     MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds.  Is my understanding correct?
> 
> 
> Depending on the replies to the above, I might have more questions,
> but I'll hold them for now.
> 
> Thanks
> -vlad
> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
> Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
> Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07
> 
> 
> 



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From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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>       can then retry the return routability procedure.  However, it is
>       recommended that correspondent nodes try to keep these cookies
>       acceptable as long as possible and SHOULD NOT accept them beyond
>       MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds."
> 
>     I find this paragraph highly confusing from the point of view of a
>     correspondent node.  This paragraph implies that the correspondent
>     should timeout and therefore cache cookies, but the whole assumption
>     behind RR is that correspondent doesn't keep state per mobile node until
>     BU had happened.  So, in effect, the corresondent times out nonces every
>     MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds.  Is my understanding correct?


I am assuming you are referring to K0/K1 cookies.

Well, it seems CN needs to keep track of N(j)s, N(i)s for
COOKIE_MAX_LIFE time in a sliding window scale. So at a
given COOKIE_MAX_LIFE time, there will be X number of N(j)s
and Y number of N(i)s around in the system depending on
the nonce generation frequency. 

Since K0 or K1 are  fn(Ni, Hoa), fn(Nj, Coa) respectively,
CN does not need to keep the cookies saved for their lifetime,
but it needs to compute everytime it processes a request.

I thought about the possibility of keeping K0/K1 as well, but
then it means more memory and then in a way it's keeping state
of MN, before accepting the BU for that MN--which is not 
recommended.

-Samita



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug 14 13:46:35 2002
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Organization: Hewlett Packard
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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Samita

Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
>>      can then retry the return routability procedure.  However, it is
>>      recommended that correspondent nodes try to keep these cookies
>>      acceptable as long as possible and SHOULD NOT accept them beyond
>>      MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds."
>>
>>    I find this paragraph highly confusing from the point of view of a
>>    correspondent node.  This paragraph implies that the correspondent
>>    should timeout and therefore cache cookies, but the whole assumption
>>    behind RR is that correspondent doesn't keep state per mobile node until
>>    BU had happened.  So, in effect, the corresondent times out nonces every
>>    MAX_COOKIE_LIFE seconds.  Is my understanding correct?
> 
> 
> 
> I am assuming you are referring to K0/K1 cookies.
> 
> Well, it seems CN needs to keep track of N(j)s, N(i)s for
> COOKIE_MAX_LIFE time in a sliding window scale. So at a
> given COOKIE_MAX_LIFE time, there will be X number of N(j)s
> and Y number of N(i)s around in the system depending on
> the nonce generation frequency.

Well, that's what I was asking.  The correspondent keeps nonces
instead of cookies.  However the paragraph I quoted implies that
cookies are kept, which is actually not true and against previous
recomendations.  And, in effect, a nonce may remain valid up to
a maximum of "nonce generation interval" + MAX_COOKIE_LIFE (that's
how far the time window may slide).

Additionally, it would be nice to recomend a nonce generation frequency
that is more specific then "... at regular intervals,for example every few
minutes".

> 
> Since K0 or K1 are  fn(Ni, Hoa), fn(Nj, Coa) respectively,
> CN does not need to keep the cookies saved for their lifetime,
> but it needs to compute everytime it processes a request.

Yes, but the time window on the nonce only slides when the cookie
for a CoT or a HoT are computed, not everytime.

> 
> I thought about the possibility of keeping K0/K1 as well, but
> then it means more memory and then in a way it's keeping state
> of MN, before accepting the BU for that MN--which is not 
> recommended.
> 

That would actually be really bad, because you would need K0/K1 pair
for each mobile node talking to you and that can be a very large
number.  This would also open for yet another DOS attack, where
all an attacker would do is run RR with different addresses and
consume all your cookie space and cause another redirect attack
that would result for HoT and CoT messages.

-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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hi Vlad,

Vladislav Yasevich wrote:

> This would also open for yet another DOS attack, where
> all an attacker would do is run RR with different addresses and
> consume all your cookie space 

I am not sure I understood this DoS attack. how is this possible? 
the attacker can be at only one CoA at a time. the purpose of 
Care-of test is to prevent an attacker from claiming any 
arbitrary CoA. right?

> and cause another redirect attack
> that would result for HoT and CoT messages.

didnt understand this.

Vijay


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Vijay

This was an attempt to say that storing K0/K1 cookies on
the CN is a bad idea.

If the correspondent caches K0/K1 (the bad behavior), an attacker
can send CoTI and HoTI messages from bogus source addresses.
this would cause creation and caching of cookies and a response of
CoT and HoT messages respectively.   Thus the attack is two-fold.
One part consumes memory/cookie space.  The attacker has 4 minutes
(240 sec) in which the cookies cached on the CN will be valid.
That can be a lot of cookies.   The other part sends HoT or CoT
messages to some hosts that doen't expect them and may result in
additional ICMP errors.

All in all, bad situation.


This all really points to a paragraph is Section 5.2.7 that implied
(to me on my first few reads) that a CN keeps cookies.  It might be
better to talk about nonces from the CN point of view and stick to
cookies from the MN point of view.

-vlad

Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> hi Vlad,
> 
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
> 
>>This would also open for yet another DOS attack, where
>>all an attacker would do is run RR with different addresses and
>>consume all your cookie space 
> 
> 
> I am not sure I understood this DoS attack. how is this possible? 
> the attacker can be at only one CoA at a time. the purpose of 
> Care-of test is to prevent an attacker from claiming any 
> arbitrary CoA. right?
> 
> 
>>and cause another redirect attack
>>that would result for HoT and CoT messages.
> 
> 
> didnt understand this.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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> instead of cookies.  However the paragraph I quoted implies that
> cookies are kept, which is actually not true and against previous
> recomendations.  And, in effect, a nonce may remain valid up to
> a maximum of "nonce generation interval" + MAX_COOKIE_LIFE (that's
> how far the time window may slide).
> 

Yes, a nonce should be valid at least up to MAX_COOKIE_LIFE,
otherwise, a BU refresh with valid cookie life time will not be
able to generate the same key.

> > 
> > Since K0 or K1 are  fn(Ni, Hoa), fn(Nj, Coa) respectively,
> > CN does not need to keep the cookies saved for their lifetime,
> > but it needs to compute everytime it processes a request.
> 
> Yes, but the time window on the nonce only slides when the cookie
> for a CoT or a HoT are computed, not everytime.
> 

I am not sure what you mean by this, could you please explain ?

> > 
> > I thought about the possibility of keeping K0/K1 as well, but
> > then it means more memory and then in a way it's keeping state
> > of MN, before accepting the BU for that MN--which is not 
> > recommended.
> > 
> 
> That would actually be really bad, because you would need K0/K1 pair
> for each mobile node talking to you and that can be a very large
> number.  This would also open for yet another DOS attack, where
> all an attacker would do is run RR with different addresses and
> consume all your cookie space and cause another redirect attack
> that would result for HoT and CoT messages.

Right. Keeping cookies are bad ideas.


-Samita 



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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
>>>Since K0 or K1 are  fn(Ni, Hoa), fn(Nj, Coa) respectively,
>>>CN does not need to keep the cookies saved for their lifetime,
>>>but it needs to compute everytime it processes a request.
>>
>>Yes, but the time window on the nonce only slides when the cookie
>>for a CoT or a HoT are computed, not everytime.
>>
> 
> 
> I am not sure what you mean by this, could you please explain ?


I'll try...

A nonce is valid for MAX_COOKIE_LIFE after the cookie is generated
to make the cookie valid.  So, for every (new) cookie that's generated from
a nonce, the time that the nonce and the cookie are valid stides out to 
MAX_COOKIE_LIFE.  But, conceptually, cookies are originally generated for
HoT and CoT messages only. They just will need to be recomputed to figure
out Kbu.  So, my assumption (and this is just my assumption) is that the
timeout on the nonce is reset only when the cookies are computed for HoT and
CoT messages.  Otherwise nonces, and thus cookies, might be kept for much
longer then intended.

Does that make sense?

-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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Hi Vlad,


> >>Yes, but the time window on the nonce only slides when the cookie
> >>for a CoT or a HoT are computed, not everytime.
> >>
> > 
> > 
> > I am not sure what you mean by this, could you please explain ?
> 
> 
> I'll try...
> 
> A nonce is valid for MAX_COOKIE_LIFE after the cookie is generated
> to make the cookie valid.  So, for every (new) cookie that's generated from
> a nonce, the time that the nonce and the cookie are valid stides out to 
> MAX_COOKIE_LIFE.  But, conceptually, cookies are originally generated for
> HoT and CoT messages only. They just will need to be recomputed to figure
> out Kbu.  So, my assumption (and this is just my assumption) is that the
> timeout on the nonce is reset only when the cookies are computed for HoT and
> CoT messages.  Otherwise nonces, and thus cookies, might be kept for much
> longer then intended.
> 
> Does that make sense?
> 

Let me see if my understanding is correct...

For example, if nonces are generated in every 10 sec, then there will be
about 20 (18 + 2 extra) nonces will be valid for MAX_COOKIE_LIFE (180sec).

So for a 10 sec period at a given time, there might be 5 HOTI/COTI messages
from 5 MNs; they all will use same Ni, Nj even though their cookies are
different and so is the expiry time for each cookie, depending on when they
are generated. So, if one HOTI or COTI message is received at t+9 sec, when
t= Nonce Nj generation time, then this Nj cannot expire until after
 10+MAX_COOKIE_LIFE sec. Are you saying that the nonce timeout value should
 be updated everytime a cookie is created ?  That may be possible, or simply
 setting to the max value (nonce generation value + COOKIE_LIFE_TIME + delta)
  may save some CPU cycles.
 
 But, I think the draft should specify the "delta" value. "delta" value is
 the extra time a old nonce to be around to make sure that nonce does not
 disappear between sending HOT/COT and receiving BU. 
 This value should depend on the RTT of max (COT path , HOT path). 
 
 Also, I agree with you that the draft is unclear about managing nonce
 and nonce-indices and their generation frequency.
 
 Section 5.2.7 ( Updating Node Keys and Nonces) needs to specify the 
 nonce timeout logic more clearly than it is now. The second and third 
 paragraph of this section mostly talks about the cookie lifetime which
 is confusing in the context of Nonces. 
 
 Perhaps the heading needs to change to say " Updating Node Keys and Nonces and
 Cookies" and add one more paragraph on Nonce timeout procedure. 
 
 Copying to Jari Arkko for his comments.
 
 -Samita



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To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
> 
> Let me see if my understanding is correct...
> 
> For example, if nonces are generated in every 10 sec, then there will be
> about 20 (18 + 2 extra) nonces will be valid for MAX_COOKIE_LIFE (180sec).

I thought MAX_COOKIE_LIFE was 240?   This brings up another possible
problem.  The MAX_COOKIE_LIFE duration at a mobile node SHOULD not be
smaller that at the correspondent node (assumig MAX_COOKIE_LIFE is
configurable).    Otherwise, the situations where RR will succeed, but BU
fail due to nonce timeout will become very likely.  This might be something
that needs to be in the draft...

> 
> So for a 10 sec period at a given time, there might be 5 HOTI/COTI messages
> from 5 MNs; they all will use same Ni, Nj even though their cookies are
> different and so is the expiry time for each cookie, depending on when they
> are generated. So, if one HOTI or COTI message is received at t+9 sec, when
> t= Nonce Nj generation time, then this Nj cannot expire until after
>  10+MAX_COOKIE_LIFE sec. Are you saying that the nonce timeout value should
>  be updated everytime a cookie is created ?  That may be possible, or simply
>  setting to the max value (nonce generation value + COOKIE_LIFE_TIME + delta)
>   may save some CPU cycles.

I was saing that that nonce timeout value needs to be updated every time a
"new" cookie is generated from a given nonce.  The "new" cookie is a cookie
that is generated for the first time, usually during processing of HoTI and
CoTI messages.  This means that any cookie generation as part of the BU
processing does NOT effect the current timeout value of a nonce.

Also, using your example,  I would actually say that the Nj can not
expire until after t+9+MAX_COOKIE_LIFE, but that's a more conservative
estimate.

>  
>  But, I think the draft should specify the "delta" value. "delta" value is
>  the extra time a old nonce to be around to make sure that nonce does not
>  disappear between sending HOT/COT and receiving BU. 
>  This value should depend on the RTT of max (COT path , HOT path). 

This would be extremely rare as the mobile node would have to delay
MAX_COOKIE_LIFE-RRT(mn-cn path) to send a BU after RR is complete.
The recovery mechanims is in place and the mobile will succeed eventually.

>  
>  Also, I agree with you that the draft is unclear about managing nonce
>  and nonce-indices and their generation frequency.
>  
>  Section 5.2.7 ( Updating Node Keys and Nonces) needs to specify the 
>  nonce timeout logic more clearly than it is now. The second and third 
>  paragraph of this section mostly talks about the cookie lifetime which
>  is confusing in the context of Nonces. 
>  
>  Perhaps the heading needs to change to say " Updating Node Keys and Nonces and
>  Cookies" and add one more paragraph on Nonce timeout procedure. 

"Updating Node Keys, Nonces and Cookies"  ;)

Section 5.2.2 states the following:
"  ...                                      Expected validity times for
    the nonces values and the procedures for updating them are discussed
    later in Section 5.2.7. "

As we see now, 5.2.7 does not talk about nonces.


>  
>  Copying to Jari Arkko for his comments.
>  
>  -Samita


Thanks
-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
References: <200208140241.g7E2fKmG484018@jurassic.eng.sun.com> <3D5A9758.4090602@hp.com> <3D5AA5F7.46E4F872@iprg.nokia.com> <3D5AAF8F.1010405@hp.com>
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hi Vlad,

Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
> Vijay
> 
> This was an attempt to say that storing K0/K1 cookies on
> the CN is a bad idea.

I was not disputing the above statement. but the DoS attack 
that you described as the reason is not correct (or atleast 
I did not understand it).

> If the correspondent caches K0/K1 (the bad behavior), an attacker
> can send CoTI and HoTI messages from bogus source addresses.
> this would cause creation and caching of cookies and a response of
> CoT and HoT messages respectively.   Thus the attack is two-fold.
> One part consumes memory/cookie space.  The attacker has 4 minutes
> (240 sec) in which the cookies cached on the CN will be valid.
> That can be a lot of cookies.   

how can it be a lot of cookies? the CN would be storing only 
one K0/K1 per MN. a new pair of cookies can be created only if 
the MN moves and does CoTi and HoTi for a new CoA and a new HoA. 
how can one MN launch this DoS attack?

regards
Vijay


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Vijay

It does not have to be a mobile node.  It can be any node.

-vlad


> how can it be a lot of cookies? the CN would be storing only 
> one K0/K1 per MN. a new pair of cookies can be created only if 
> the MN moves and does CoTi and HoTi for a new CoA and a new HoA. 
> how can one MN launch this DoS attack?
> 
> regards
> Vijay
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
> Vijay
> 
> It does not have to be a mobile node.  It can be any node.
> 

you are right. it can be any node. but the CN still stores
only one K0/K1 pair at any time per node, right? one single 
node cannot fill up memory at the CN by generating a large 
number of K0/K1 pairs.

I dont know what I am missing.

Vijay


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
>>Vijay
>>
>>It does not have to be a mobile node.  It can be any node.
>>
> 
> 
> you are right. it can be any node. but the CN still stores
> only one K0/K1 pair at any time per node, right? 

No, the cookies are generated per address.  If the address
changes, the cookie changes.  In the end, to the correspondent,
it will look like a large number of mobile nodes are trying to
do RR.  How many times can 1 node run RR in a 240 sec interval?
(240sec == MAX_COOKIE_LIFE).

The atack is defeated however by ingress filtering and other RFP
checks.

> 						one single 
> node cannot fill up memory at the CN by generating a large 
> number of K0/K1 pairs.
> 
> I dont know what I am missing.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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Hi

I have a comment about authorization of BAcks in draft 18.

They way I interpret the spec, if the BU has the Authorization
Data option, BAck must contains this option as well.  I get this
out sections 5.2.6 and and 9.4.4.

However, section 6.2.7 "Binding Authorization Data" says:
"  ...                  This specification gives the rules only for
    the return routability procedure.  For this procedure, this option
    can only appear in a Binding Update message and rules for calculating
    the Authenticator value are described in Section 6.1.7."

This seems to restrict Bindgin Authorisation Data only to BUs.
Also, going and reading 6.1.7, I can't find the rules for calculating
the Authenticator value.  I think the reference needs to be fixed as well.


-vlad

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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hi Vlad,

Vladislav Yasevich wrote:

> No, the cookies are generated per address.  If the address
> changes, the cookie changes.  In the end, to the correspondent,
> it will look like a large number of mobile nodes are trying to
> do RR.  How many times can 1 node run RR in a 240 sec interval?
> (240sec == MAX_COOKIE_LIFE).
> 
> The atack is defeated however by ingress filtering and other RFP
> checks.

exactly. this is what was I was trying to say. I know that
storing K0/K1 is a bad idea. but for other reasons. and not
the DoS attack you mentioned.

Vijay


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Hi Vijay

Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> hi Vlad,
> 
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
> 
>>No, the cookies are generated per address.  If the address
>>changes, the cookie changes.  In the end, to the correspondent,
>>it will look like a large number of mobile nodes are trying to
>>do RR.  How many times can 1 node run RR in a 240 sec interval?
>>(240sec == MAX_COOKIE_LIFE).
>>
>>The atack is defeated however by ingress filtering and other RFP
>>checks.
> 
> 
> exactly. this is what was I was trying to say. I know that
> storing K0/K1 is a bad idea. but for other reasons. and not
> the DoS attack you mentioned.


That's assuming these RFP checks are used.  Do
you think this should be mentioned in the security considerations?

-vlad


> 
> Vijay
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
> Hi Vijay

> That's assuming these RFP checks are used.  Do
> you think this should be mentioned in the security considerations?

hold on Vlad. we came down this dicussion path assuming CN
stores K0/K1. if it does not (which is the case now), we
dont have to mention it anywhere.

RPF checks need to be there anyway. MIPv6 does not have to 
say anything about them.

Vijay


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Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2002 15:27:58 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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> > For example, if nonces are generated in every 10 sec, then there will be
> > about 20 (18 + 2 extra) nonces will be valid for MAX_COOKIE_LIFE (180sec).
> 
> I thought MAX_COOKIE_LIFE was 240?   This brings up another possible
> problem.  The MAX_COOKIE_LIFE duration at a mobile node SHOULD not be
> smaller that at the correspondent node (assumig MAX_COOKIE_LIFE is
> configurable).    Otherwise, the situations where RR will succeed, but BU
> fail due to nonce timeout will become very likely.  This might be something
> that needs to be in the draft...
> 

Oops. I did not see that the MAX_COOKIE_LIFE is now changed from 180 to 240.
It was 180 sec  before ( I think, draft 16). 

> > 
> > So for a 10 sec period at a given time, there might be 5 HOTI/COTI messages
> > from 5 MNs; they all will use same Ni, Nj even though their cookies are
> > different and so is the expiry time for each cookie, depending on when they
> > are generated. So, if one HOTI or COTI message is received at t+9 sec, when
> > t= Nonce Nj generation time, then this Nj cannot expire until after
> >  10+MAX_COOKIE_LIFE sec. Are you saying that the nonce timeout value should
> >  be updated everytime a cookie is created ?  That may be possible, or simply
> >  setting to the max value (nonce generation value + COOKIE_LIFE_TIME + 
delta)
> >   may save some CPU cycles.
> 
> I was saing that that nonce timeout value needs to be updated every time a
> "new" cookie is generated from a given nonce.  The "new" cookie is a cookie
> that is generated for the first time, usually during processing of HoTI and
> CoTI messages.  This means that any cookie generation as part of the BU
> processing does NOT effect the current timeout value of a nonce.
> 
> Also, using your example,  I would actually say that the Nj can not
> expire until after t+9+MAX_COOKIE_LIFE, but that's a more conservative
> estimate.
> 

True.

> >  
> >  But, I think the draft should specify the "delta" value. "delta" value is
> >  the extra time a old nonce to be around to make sure that nonce does not
> >  disappear between sending HOT/COT and receiving BU. 
> >  This value should depend on the RTT of max (COT path , HOT path). 
> 
> This would be extremely rare as the mobile node would have to delay
> MAX_COOKIE_LIFE-RRT(mn-cn path) to send a BU after RR is complete.
> The recovery mechanims is in place and the mobile will succeed eventually.
> 


After thinking about it a bit, I realized that this situation would be 
rare and in those cases, MN should restart RR procedure.


> >  
> >  Also, I agree with you that the draft is unclear about managing nonce
> >  and nonce-indices and their generation frequency.
> >  
> >  Section 5.2.7 ( Updating Node Keys and Nonces) needs to specify the 
> >  nonce timeout logic more clearly than it is now. The second and third 
> >  paragraph of this section mostly talks about the cookie lifetime which
> >  is confusing in the context of Nonces. 
> >  
> >  Perhaps the heading needs to change to say " Updating Node Keys and Nonces 
and
> >  Cookies" and add one more paragraph on Nonce timeout procedure. 
> 
> "Updating Node Keys, Nonces and Cookies"  ;)
> 

Yes, that was not correct. So we need to come up with a better sub-heading.

> Section 5.2.2 states the following:
> "  ...                                      Expected validity times for
>     the nonces values and the procedures for updating them are discussed
>     later in Section 5.2.7. "
> 
> As we see now, 5.2.7 does not talk about nonces.

Actually, I looked at the hardcopy of draft 16, the explanation on nonce
and Kcn updates using examples (Nj, N(j+1)) seems to have more information
than that in draft 18. Some text similar to that would be helpful (in 
section 5.2.7  of draft 18) for implementors.

Thanks,
-Samita



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Subject: [mobile-ip] 2 Questions on Mobile Draft 18
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
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Hi all,

1. In section 5.2.1 :

      5.2.2. Nonces

   Each correspondent node also generates nonces at regular intervals,
   for example every few minutes.  The nonces should be generated by
   using a random number generator that is known to have good randomness
   properties [1].  A correspondent node may use the same Kcn and nonce
   with all the mobiles it is in communication with, so that it does not
   need to generate and store a new nonce when a new mobile contacts it.

Does this mean that nonces are generated at regular intervals as stated in
the
first sentence, or the same one is used in all communications with all
mobile
nodes, as implied in the last sentence ?

2. Binding Refresh Advice (Section 6.2.8) : This Type=7 is missing in
Section 13,
the IANA considerations. Also, the type should be 6!

Thanks,

- KK





From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Aug 15 21:04:15 2002
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Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2002 18:06:39 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 2 Questions on Mobile Draft 18
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> 1. In section 5.2.1 :
> 
>       5.2.2. Nonces
> 
>    Each correspondent node also generates nonces at regular intervals,
>    for example every few minutes.  The nonces should be generated by
>    using a random number generator that is known to have good randomness
>    properties [1].  A correspondent node may use the same Kcn and nonce
>    with all the mobiles it is in communication with, so that it does not
>    need to generate and store a new nonce when a new mobile contacts it.
> 
> Does this mean that nonces are generated at regular intervals as stated in
> the
> first sentence, or the same one is used in all communications with all
> mobile
> nodes, as implied in the last sentence ?
> 

It is the former. Since the nonces are generated in regular intervals,
same nonce value will be used for "all" (or any) mobile nodes that send 
HOTI/COTI messages during that interval.

-Samita  



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Aug 15 21:45:51 2002
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Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2002 18:48:16 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Home and COA cookie generation
To: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Section 5.2.5 of draft 18, specifies the following algorithm  for
home cookie and coa cookie:

  home cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(home address | nonce))
  
  care-of cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(care-of address | nonce))
  
  
  
  Previously,  (draft 16) talked about concatanating 0 and 1 for
  home cookie and care-of cookie, i.e:
  home cookie = MAC_Kcn (home_address | nonce| 0)
  coa cookie  = MAC_Kcn (coa_address | nonce | 1)
  
  Have we decided not use 0 and 1 any more to distinguish the cookies ?
  
  Thanks,
  -Samita



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To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        Vladislav Yasevich
	 <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
Date: Fri, 16 Aug 2002 13:10:48 +0200
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  > how can it be a lot of cookies? the CN would be storing only 
  > one K0/K1 per MN. a new pair of cookies can be created only if 
  > the MN moves and does CoTi and HoTi for a new CoA and a new HoA. 
  > how can one MN launch this DoS attack?

=> There are possibly 2^^64 addresses on a single
link :) all can be CoAs. So it doesn't have to move
anywhere.

Hesham 


  > 
  > regards
  > Vijay
  > 


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Home and COA cookie generation
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Hi Samita

Why would you need to distinguish the cookies like this?

-vlad

Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
> Section 5.2.5 of draft 18, specifies the following algorithm  for
> home cookie and coa cookie:
> 
>   home cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(home address | nonce))
>   
>   care-of cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(care-of address | nonce))
>   
>   
>   
>   Previously,  (draft 16) talked about concatanating 0 and 1 for
>   home cookie and care-of cookie, i.e:
>   home cookie = MAC_Kcn (home_address | nonce| 0)
>   coa cookie  = MAC_Kcn (coa_address | nonce | 1)
>   
>   Have we decided not use 0 and 1 any more to distinguish the cookies ?
>   
>   Thanks,
>   -Samita
> 
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Home and COA cookie generation
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> 
> Why would you need to distinguish the cookies like this?
> 
> -vlad


I don't know the reason why it was put in there before. That's why
I was asking the question. 

-Samita

> 
> Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
> > Section 5.2.5 of draft 18, specifies the following algorithm  for
> > home cookie and coa cookie:
> > 
> >   home cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(home address | nonce))
> >   
> >   care-of cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(care-of address | nonce))
> >   
> >   
> >   
> >   Previously,  (draft 16) talked about concatanating 0 and 1 for
> >   home cookie and care-of cookie, i.e:
> >   home cookie = MAC_Kcn (home_address | nonce| 0)
> >   coa cookie  = MAC_Kcn (coa_address | nonce | 1)
> >   
> >   Have we decided not use 0 and 1 any more to distinguish the cookies ?
> >   
> >   Thanks,
> >   -Samita
> > 
> > 
> > 
> 
> 
> -- 
> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
> Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
> Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07
> 
> 



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Aug 19 04:18:07 2002
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] 2 Questions on Mobile Draft 18
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Krishna Kumar wrote:

>    Each correspondent node also generates nonces at regular intervals,
>    for example every few minutes.  The nonces should be generated by
>    using a random number generator that is known to have good randomness
>    properties [1].  A correspondent node may use the same Kcn and nonce
>    with all the mobiles it is in communication with, so that it does not
>    need to generate and store a new nonce when a new mobile contacts it.
> 
> Does this mean that nonces are generated at regular intervals as stated in
> the
> first sentence, or the same one is used in all communications with all
> mobile
> nodes, as implied in the last sentence ?

As Samita commented earlier, the former is the right interpreration.
But the text is a bit unclear. How about this:

     A correspondent node may use the same Kcn and nonce
     with all the mobiles it is in communication with, so that it does not
     need to generate and store a new nonce when a new mobile contacts it.

=>

     A correspondent node uses the same Kcn and nonce
     with all the mobiles it is in communication with.

I'll assign this issue #96.

> 2. Binding Refresh Advice (Section 6.2.8) : This Type=7 is missing in
> Section 13,
> the IANA considerations. Also, the type should be 6!

Yes. Thanks for noticing this. Issue #97. The Type will be set to 6
in Section 6.2.8, and it will be listed in Section 13.

Jari



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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
> Section 5.2.5 of draft 18, specifies the following algorithm  for
> home cookie and coa cookie:
> 
>   home cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(home address | nonce)
>   care-of cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(care-of address | nonce))
>  
>   Previously,  (draft 16) talked about concatanating 0 and 1 for
>   home cookie and care-of cookie, i.e:
>   home cookie = MAC_Kcn (home_address | nonce| 0)
>   coa cookie  = MAC_Kcn (coa_address | nonce | 1)
>   
>   Have we decided not use 0 and 1 any more to distinguish the cookies ?

The rules have been simplified in draft 18. There does not
seem to be any advantage in making the cookies truly different
this way. (A long time ago we debated whether the cookies must
depend on both addresses, but that was another issue.)

The inclusion of the 0 or 1 in the input of the MAC has the
effect of requiring the MN to use specifically the Home Test
and the Care-of Test messages to retrieve the corresponding
cookies. If these values are not included, an attacker could
use the value acquired through a Care-of Test message as a
home cookie. However, this does not appear to make the life
of the attacker any easier; if the attacker can send a particular
MH message then he can most likely send another MH message as
well. Obviously, the cookies are still dependent on the addresses
so the attacker can't get a home cookie without being able to
receive traffic at the home address.

Tuomas or Mike may comment on this, as the values were included
in BAKE/2. My proposal is to not include the values unless we
have an explicit reason to do so.

Jari



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Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2002 12:38:26 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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I have updated the text proposals to fix issues
#92, #94 and #95 based on comments I received. Namely, we do not
want to prevent site-local addresses from using mobility. Also,
the text becomes simpler if the condition for using RH is the presense
of HAO in the BU.

New text for 9.4.4:

   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
   that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
   independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
   information from the Binding Cache.

   If the Source Address field does not contain a site-local or global
   unicast address, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.

   Otherwise, further processing depends on whether or not the Binding
   Update contains a Home Address destination option. If it does, the
   source address is the home address of the mobile node and the
   Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
   Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the
   source address but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the
   packet to carry the home address.

And for 10.2:

   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
   that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
   independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
   information from the Binding Cache.

   If the Source Address field does not contain a unicast address, the
   Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.

   Otherwise, further processing depends on whether or not the Binding
   Update contains a Home Address destination option. If it does, the
   source address is the home address of the mobile node and the
   Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
   Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the
   source address but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the
   packet to carry the home address.



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Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2002 10:38:41 -0400
From: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
Organization: Tru64 UNIX Networking
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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Jari,

I'm confused, all Binding Updates must contain a Home Address option,
so that check is always true.  I thought draft 15 had good text about this:

 "Furthermore, if the packet
   is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
   node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header (even if
   the binding was rejected)."

The point being that if the source and home address are equal, we don't
use a Routing Header.  At Cthon 2002 we agreed this was good since
we're conserving bytes on the wire(less).

Your third paragraph in each of these below seems to contradict itself:

1) If a HAO is present, the BAck must be sent directly to this address.
    This implies no route optimization.

2) If a HAO is not present, the BAck is sent to the source of the packet
    with the home address in the T2 RH.  But in this case we don't have
    a home address to put in the RH.

-Brian


Jari Arkko wrote:

> I have updated the text proposals to fix issues
> #92, #94 and #95 based on comments I received. Namely, we do not
> want to prevent site-local addresses from using mobility. Also,
> the text becomes simpler if the condition for using RH is the presense
> of HAO in the BU.
>
> New text for 9.4.4:
>
>    The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
>    that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
>    independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
>    information from the Binding Cache.
>
>    If the Source Address field does not contain a site-local or global
>    unicast address, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.
>
>    Otherwise, further processing depends on whether or not the Binding
>    Update contains a Home Address destination option. If it does, the
>    source address is the home address of the mobile node and the
>    Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
>    Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the
>    source address but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the
>    packet to carry the home address.
>
> And for 10.2:
>
>    The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
>    that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
>    independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
>    information from the Binding Cache.
>
>    If the Source Address field does not contain a unicast address, the
>    Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.
>
>    Otherwise, further processing depends on whether or not the Binding
>    Update contains a Home Address destination option. If it does, the
>    source address is the home address of the mobile node and the
>    Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
>    Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the
>    source address but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the
>    packet to carry the home address.



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Aug 19 13:23:25 2002
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs
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Hi

If the BA is sent to the mobile node, in response to BU, with
the status of 137 (Invalid authenticator), 138 (Expired Home Nonce Index),
or 139 (Expired Care-of Nonce Index), shuld this BA contains
the Authorization Data option and authenticator?

It looks to me like it should not because the CN was unable
to authenticate the BU.

-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Aug 19 14:57:11 2002
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Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2002 11:58:08 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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Hi Jari,

As noted earlier, the third paragraph in both sections seems to be incorrect.
Please see the comments below.

> I have updated the text proposals to fix issues
> #92, #94 and #95 based on comments I received. Namely, we do not
> want to prevent site-local addresses from using mobility. Also,
> the text becomes simpler if the condition for using RH is the presense
> of HAO in the BU.
> 
> New text for 9.4.4:
> 
>    The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
>    that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
>    independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
>    information from the Binding Cache.
> 
>    If the Source Address field does not contain a site-local or global
>    unicast address, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.
> 

... and the binding update packet is dropped.
(please add this for clarification). 

>    Otherwise, further processing depends on whether or not the Binding
>    Update contains a Home Address destination option. If it does, the
>    source address is the home address of the mobile node and the
>    Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
>    Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the
>    source address but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the
>    packet to carry the home address.
> 

Perhaps you mean to say the following:

If the source address of the Binding Update is equal to the home address of
the mobile node in the binding cache (i.e. mobile node is back at home) or
the home-address in the HAO, then also it sends the BA to it's source addr
(in this case, home-addr)-- so we are already covered by the first 
paragraph.  Also 9.4.4 also specifies in the beginning that:

   Furthermore, if the packet
   is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
   node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header (even if
   the binding was rejected).  


So, I think the third paragraph is incorrect and unnecessary in section 9.4.4.


For section 10.2, situation is a little different that BU may not contain a
HAO ( as per 6.1.7), but even in that case your first and second paragraph
are okay. The third paragraph should write the following:

  ( as discussed and agreed at Cthon2002, Brian H. already mentioned) 
  
  If the Source Address field in the IPv6 header of the Binding Update is
  equal to the home address of mobile node, then it indicates that the
  mobile node is back at home. In this case, Binding Acknowledgement does
  (MUST?) not include Type 2 Routing Header.
  

BTW, I kind of liked the list of illegal addresses for the RH Type 2 header
for clarification in spec.


> And for 10.2:
> 
>    The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
>    that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
>    independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
>    information from the Binding Cache.
> 
>    If the Source Address field does not contain a unicast address, the
                                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  Unicast address alone is not enough. Did you mean to say site-local and
  global unicast address ?
                                              
>    Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.
> 
>    Otherwise, further processing depends on whether or not the Binding
>    Update contains a Home Address destination option. If it does, the
>    source address is the home address of the mobile node and the
>    Binding Acknowledgement MUST be sent directly to this address.
>    Otherwise, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST still be sent to the
>    source address but a Type 2 Routing Header MUST be added to the
>    packet to carry the home address.
> 


BTW, why do we need to include RH Type 2 in BA when src-addr != home-addr,
is this because of authentication verification at the MN end ?  May be
we should clarify that in the draft.

Thanks,
-Samita



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Mon Aug 19 15:03:05 2002
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Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Home and COA cookie generation
To: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, tuomaura@microsoft.com, mroe@microsoft.com
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> Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
> > Section 5.2.5 of draft 18, specifies the following algorithm  for
> > home cookie and coa cookie:
> > 
> >   home cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(home address | nonce)
> >   care-of cookie = First64(MAC_Kcn(care-of address | nonce))
> >  
> >   Previously,  (draft 16) talked about concatanating 0 and 1 for
> >   home cookie and care-of cookie, i.e:
> >   home cookie = MAC_Kcn (home_address | nonce| 0)
> >   coa cookie  = MAC_Kcn (coa_address | nonce | 1)
> >   
> >   Have we decided not use 0 and 1 any more to distinguish the cookies ?
> 
> The rules have been simplified in draft 18. There does not
> seem to be any advantage in making the cookies truly different
> this way. (A long time ago we debated whether the cookies must
> depend on both addresses, but that was another issue.)
> 
> The inclusion of the 0 or 1 in the input of the MAC has the
> effect of requiring the MN to use specifically the Home Test
> and the Care-of Test messages to retrieve the corresponding
> cookies. If these values are not included, an attacker could
> use the value acquired through a Care-of Test message as a
> home cookie. However, this does not appear to make the life
> of the attacker any easier; if the attacker can send a particular
> MH message then he can most likely send another MH message as
> well. Obviously, the cookies are still dependent on the addresses
> so the attacker can't get a home cookie without being able to
> receive traffic at the home address.
> 
> Tuomas or Mike may comment on this, as the values were included
> in BAKE/2. My proposal is to not include the values unless we
> have an explicit reason to do so.


Thanks for the explanation. I am fine with current proposal.

-Samita



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From: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
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To: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:

> For section 10.2, situation is a little different that BU may not contain a
> HAO ( as per 6.1.7), but even in that case your first and second paragraph
> are okay. The third paragraph should write the following:

Well, I completely missed that comment in section 6.1.7 about the HAO,
especially since section 10.2 says:

"-  A Home Address destination option MUST be present in the message."

There's been so many changes to all sections of the draft it's getting hard
to remember if this is already fixed, but if an HAO isn't necessary for
home bindings, then please copy the text from 6.1.7 to 10.2.

That said, why have this optimization?  Do the byte-savings outweigh the
added complexity?

-Brian



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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:

>>   If the Source Address field does not contain a site-local or global
>>   unicast address, the Binding Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sen
> 
> ... and the binding update packet is dropped.
> (please add this for clarification). 

=> ... the Binding Update MUST be silently discarded, and the Binding
Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.


>    Furthermore, if the packet
>    is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
>    node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header (even if
>    the binding was rejected).  
 >
 > So, I think the third paragraph is incorrect and unnecessary in section 9.4.4.

This was a part of the old text that the new text is expected to replace.
So, we need to keep this part of the old text... just that it could perhaps
be more exact so that it would say exactly when are we not sending to the home
address and what type of RH to use. Feel free to propose text ;-)

> 
> For section 10.2, situation is a little different that BU may not contain a
> HAO ( as per 6.1.7), but even in that case your first and second paragraph
> are okay. The third paragraph should write the following:

According to Brian, all BUs contain a HAO.

>   ( as discussed and agreed at Cthon2002, Brian H. already mentioned) 
>   
>   If the Source Address field in the IPv6 header of the Binding Update is
>   equal to the home address of mobile node, then it indicates that the
>   mobile node is back at home. In this case, Binding Acknowledgement does
>   (MUST?) not include Type 2 Routing Header.

Couldn't we use this text in both 9.4.4 and 10.2?

>>And for 10.2:
>>
>>   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
>>   that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
>>   independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
>>   information from the Binding Cache.
>>
>>   If the Source Address field does not contain a unicast address, the
> 
>                                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>   Unicast address alone is not enough. Did you mean to say site-local and
>   global unicast address ?


Global unicast addresses are obviously allowed. I think link-locals can also
be used for dereg to the HA. And, wouldn't it be bad if made it illegal
to use MIPv6 within a site that uses only site-local addresses? So that
was the justification for allowing all unicast addresses. However, on
second look this covers also NSAP addresss, the unspecified address etc.
So perhaps we should stick with "link-local, site-local, or global unicast
addresses".

Jari







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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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Brian Haley wrote:
> Jari,
> 
> I'm confused, all Binding Updates must contain a Home Address option,
> so that check is always true.  I thought draft 15 had good text about this:

It seems that there's even more to fix: 6.1.7 allows optional HAO. For CNs,
9.4.1 always requires a HAO but 11.6.2. allows optional HAO. For HAs, 11.6.1
10.2, and 10.3 all agree that a HAO is needed. My mistake...

So, this should be fixed as always requiring a HAO, even when sending from
the home address?

>  "Furthermore, if the packet
>    is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
>    node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header (even if
>    the binding was rejected)."
> 
> The point being that if the source and home address are equal, we don't
> use a Routing Header.  At Cthon 2002 we agreed this was good since
> we're conserving bytes on the wire(less).

Agree with this.

> Your third paragraph in each of these below seems to contradict itself:
> 
> 1) If a HAO is present, the BAck must be sent directly to this address.
>     This implies no route optimization.
> 
> 2) If a HAO is not present, the BAck is sent to the source of the packet
>     with the home address in the T2 RH.  But in this case we don't have
>     a home address to put in the RH.

Yes, the third paragraph is bad... The intention was to say that if HAO
is present, then include a T2 RH. And if the HAO is not present, then
send directly.

Based on this and the above, we need a new third paragraph.

Jari



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Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2002 15:36:32 -0700 (PDT)
From: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Reply-To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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> > 
> > ... and the binding update packet is dropped.
> > (please add this for clarification). 
> 
> => ... the Binding Update MUST be silently discarded, and the Binding
> Acknowledgement MUST NOT be sent.
> 

Ok. Thanks.

> 
> >    Furthermore, if the packet
> >    is to be sent to the mobile node at any address other than the mobile
> >    node's home address, it MUST be sent using a Routing header (even if
> >    the binding was rejected).  
>  >
>  > So, I think the third paragraph is incorrect and unnecessary in section 
9.4.4.
> 
> This was a part of the old text that the new text is expected to replace.
> So, we need to keep this part of the old text... just that it could perhaps
> be more exact so that it would say exactly when are we not sending to the home
> address and what type of RH to use. Feel free to propose text ;-)
> 

Well, I think the above old text is good to keep. But the line after this text
needs to change. I'd leave it to the editor :-)

> > 
> > For section 10.2, situation is a little different that BU may not contain a
> > HAO ( as per 6.1.7), but even in that case your first and second paragraph
> > are okay. The third paragraph should write the following:
> 
> According to Brian, all BUs contain a HAO.
> 

If so, then we have to make sure that we don't have any inconsistency in any
other places in the draft. For example, Section 6.1.7 says:

A Binding Update to the home agent MUST include the Home Address
   destination option if the Source Address field in the IPv6 header is
   not the home address of the mobile node.


If we decide BU MUST always contain HAO, then the above text will have to
change. I thought, BU MUST contain HA0 for Route Optimization BU, but is
not necessary for home agent registration while back at home.

If making HAO mandatory for all BUs makes the code and the protocol less
complex, I am all for it.


> >   ( as discussed and agreed at Cthon2002, Brian H. already mentioned) 
> >   
> >   If the Source Address field in the IPv6 header of the Binding Update is
> >   equal to the home address of mobile node, then it indicates that the
> >   mobile node is back at home. In this case, Binding Acknowledgement does
> >   (MUST?) not include Type 2 Routing Header.
> 
> Couldn't we use this text in both 9.4.4 and 10.2?
> 

I don't see a problem in using it for both cases.

> >>And for 10.2:
> >>
> >>   The acknowledgement is sent to the Source Address of the IPv6 header
> >>   that carried the Binding Update. Note that this procedure is
> >>   independent from the treatment of regular packets and does not use
> >>   information from the Binding Cache.
> >>
> >>   If the Source Address field does not contain a unicast address, the
> > 
> >                                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> >   Unicast address alone is not enough. Did you mean to say site-local and
> >   global unicast address ?
> 
> 
> Global unicast addresses are obviously allowed. I think link-locals can also
> be used for dereg to the HA. And, wouldn't it be bad if made it illegal
> to use MIPv6 within a site that uses only site-local addresses? So that
> was the justification for allowing all unicast addresses. However, on
> second look this covers also NSAP addresss, the unspecified address etc.
> So perhaps we should stick with "link-local, site-local, or global unicast
> addresses".
> 

Ok with me.

Thanks,
-Samita



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Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2002 08:09:09 +0800
From: Vrizlynn Thing <vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>, vriz@lit.org.sg
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: <vriz@lit.org.sg>
Cc: "Mobile IP Mailing List" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Monday, August 19, 2002 5:47 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)


>
> This is debatable, I think. I'm not sure I see why we would _have_ to send
> it either with RH2 or without. Couldn't we simply do it the same way as we
> do for the regular BA?
>
> > Will there be any security loophole in this case?
>
> I don't think we have any security loophole if we always respond to the
same
> source address that was in the request. Adding RH2 doesn't really cause
anything
> terrible to happen, as the result will stay within the same node.
>

I believe we could do that in a consistent way (sending RH2 even in event of
failure status for BAck, if dest opt is used),
if it doesn't raise any security issue.


Vrizlynn Thing (Ms.)
Senior Engineer

Laboratories for Information Technology
21 Heng Mui Keng Terrace
Singapore 119613
Tel: +65 68746728
Fax: +65 67768109
Email: vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg



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Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2002 21:15:13 -0400
To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
From: Margaret Wasserman <mrw@windriver.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization 
Cc: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>,
        Dave Thaler <dthaler@windows.microsoft.com>,
        "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>, itojun@iijlab.net,
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At 06:26 AM 6/4/02 , Erik Nordmark wrote:
> >   | My preference is that we just ban DAD optimization in all cases.
> > 
> > That's certainly an option.   The "new prefix causes several thousand
> > nodes to all attempt DAD at the same time" argument is the one which
> > makes me hesitant to simply support this without further investigation.

If thousands of nodes are involved, the DAD optimization may not be 
enough to fix this problem. 

Instead, we might need some sort of random delay on the creation of 
addresses when a new prefix is received.

Margaret




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with RH
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Brian Haley wrote:

> That said, why have this optimization?  Do the byte-savings outweigh the
> added complexity?

The HAO could be omitted only in the de-registration case, which may not
be frequent enough to talk about big savings.

One argument for making HAO optional in BUs is that then it would follow
the use of HAO in other traffic, i.e. if you are at home you don't include
it.

However, it seems that getting this described in text is going to take
some amount of words; it would be specification-wise simpler to just
say that all BUs must have a HAO. So I'm leaning towards that now...

Jari





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	Margaret Wasserman on Mon, 19 Aug 2002 21:15:13 -0400)
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization
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> From: Margaret Wasserman <mrw@windriver.com>

> > > That's certainly an option.   The "new prefix causes several thousand
> > > nodes to all attempt DAD at the same time" argument is the one which
> > > makes me hesitant to simply support this without further investigation.
> 
> If thousands of nodes are involved, the DAD optimization may not be 
> enough to fix this problem. 

Umm? DAD optimization definitely removes the quoted problem. When
optimized, DAD is only done on the link local address when a node is
attached (or booted) to the network.

> Instead, we might need some sort of random delay on the creation of 
> addresses when a new prefix is received.

The random delay is already specified for DAD in the boot/attach
process.

The delay is less suitable for DAD's done on RA. In optimized
environment, addresses are useable immediately after RA. With
non-optimized and delayed DAD, we would have undetermined gap after
RA, when an address retrieved from DNS might not work. I would like my
network to be as deterministic as possible, avoid randomness when not
absolutely necessary.






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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Re: MIPv6 Draft 18 Comments
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Thanks Samita for your review! Some discussion inline:

> 1.
> Section 4. Basic Operation
> 
> It's good add a subsection at the end to describe the two
> modes of operation for clarity :
> 1) MN-CN communication through reverse tunnel via HA
> 2) MN-CN communication using Route Optimization
>    In this section, we can specify that RR procedure
>    is the default RO mechanism defined in this draft.


Agreed. (I'll group this and the following items under
a new issue #100.)

> 2.
> Since, lifetime field has been changed to
> 16 bit, s/0xffffffff/0xffff


Yes.

> 3.
> section 6.1.7 (BU)
> Now that we removed home-address field from the BU
> message and made HAO manadatory for all BUs for
> which src-addr is not home-addr. A line after the
> following paragraph is needed:
> 
> A Binding Update to the home agent MUST include the Home Address
>    destination option if the Source Address field in the IPv6 header is
>    not the home address of the mobile node.
> 
> i,e.
>  A binding Update to the Correspondent node MUST include
> home address option (section 9.4.1) .

Ok, this is being discussed separately. I think we are leaning
towards having a HAO always.

> 3.
> section 6.1.8 indicates that we don't have "no Security
> Association" status code anymore and we have:
> 
> 137   Invalid authenticator
> 
> That suggests Binding Authorization Data Option is manadatory
> for all binding update messages--correct ?

Not quite. BAD (!) options are mandatory for CN binding updates,
but not for HA binding updates.

> If that is the case, then that must be specified in 6.1.7
> as well. Otherwise, we need another status error code or
> specification when the HA or CN receives a BU without
> binding authorization data option.

My suggestion is to rename 137 as "Invalid or missing authenticator",
which would cover the case where BAD wasn't included in a BU to a
CN.

> 4.
> 
> 6.1.9
> 
> Status code 1:
> 1   Home Address destination option used without a binding
> Is this still valid ?

I think it is still valid, but a more proper name would perhaps
be "Home Address destination option used without sufficient validation",
the validation mechanisms being (1) existing binding or (2) use of
IPSec.

Note that this issue is separate from the discussion of whether or
not the HAO and the IPsec validation are mandatory. (Whether or not
they are, it is still possible that someone sends an unauthenticated
HAO without a binding.)

> 5.
> section 8.2 Route Optimization Requirements for All IPv6 Nodes
> 
> It's missing the MN behavior,
> 
> How about adding a text something like this?
> 
> A node that is performing mobile node operation MUST be able to
> process RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header (section 11.2.3 and 6.4).
> All other nodes MUST ignore and drop RTHDR_TYPE2 extensions.

Hmm... ok, but the purpose of this section was to list only requirements
for CNs. A CN can also be an MN at the same time. How about

    Unless the correspondent node is also acting as a mobile node,
    it MUST ignore Type 2 Routing headers and drop all packets
    that it has received with such headers.

We should also change:

    The following requirements apply to all nodes that support route
    optimization:

to

    The following requirements apply to all correspondent nodes that support route
    optimization:

I'll put this under issue #101.

> 6.
> section  8.4
> 
> One more requirement to be added:
> 
> - Every home agent MUST support IPSec ESP for protection of
>   packets belonging to Return Routability Procedure (section
> 10.7).


Yes.

> 7.
> 
> section 8.5
> 
> Additional requirement:
> 
> -MUST be able to process RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header as defined
>  in 6.4 and 11.2.3

Yes. "RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header" => "Type 2 Routing header"

> 8.
> 
> section 9.2.2 , section 9.4.6 needs update as they specify that
> HAO without binding asociation MUST be dropped.

Yes. Back to issue #100.

> 9.
> section 10.3
> 
> remove:
> -  The Refresh field MUST be set to zero.

Right.

> 10.
> section 9.4.1
> s/144/138
> s/145/139
> s/141/135
> 
> Perhaps there are more cases throughout the document.

Yes (see also issue 91).

> 11.
> section 10. Home Agent Operation
> 
> Should not we have a section here on "Processing Binding Updates" ?

Isn't 10.2 & 10.3 just that? Or would you like a different name?

Jari




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Subject: [mobile-ip] moving on with the multicast issue (#63)
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A discussion has taken place on and off-list about the
multicast mechanisms in MIPv6 and exactly what the base
RFC must say and allow.

The main discussion item has been whether to allow
sending only via the HA, or also locally. We have
come up with the following proposal in the discussion:

1. We clarify in the draft that HAO is not allowed for
    CoA-sourced multicast traffic.

    Reason: reduces complexity and we simply don't know how to
    do this at this time.

2. We allow HA tunneling AND CoA sourced traffic, but add
    an applicability statement that describes what limitations
    these mechanisms have.

    Reason: This does not prevent anything, but warns the
    implementers so that they can think about the implications
    for the multicast routing infrastructure. Later, when
    we have better technology we can revisit this statement.

3. We require MLD to be run without HAO.

    Reason: This makes multicast traffic that uses care-of
    address equivalent to any other local traffic. Also
    implied by item 1.

-----text for 1------

   (1) send directly on the foreign link being visited

=>

   (1) Send directly on the foreign link being visited.
       The application is aware of the care-of address
       and uses it for multicast traffic just like any
       other stationary address. The mobile node MUST NOT
       use Home Address destination option in such traffic.

-----text for 2-------

Note that direct sending from the foreign link is only
applicable whilst the MN is at that foreign link. This
is because the associated multicast tree is specific to
that source location and any change of location and source
address will invalidate the source specific tree or branch
and the application context of the other multicast
group members.

This specification does not provide mechanisms to enable such
local multicast session to survive hand-off, and to seamlessly
continue from a new CCoA on each new foreign link. Any
such mechanism, developed as an extension to this
specification, needs to take into account the impact of
fast moving mobile nodes on the Internet multicast
routing protocols and their ability to maintain the
integrity of source specific multicast trees and branches.

Whilst the use of reverse tunnelling can ensure that multicast trees are
independent of the MN's movement, in some case such tunnelling can have
adverse affects. The latency of specific types of multicast
applications such as multicast based discovery protocols will
be impacted when the RTT between the foreign subnet and the HA
is significant compared to that of the topology to be
discovered. In addition, the delivery tree from the HA in such
circumstances relies on unicast encapsulation from the HA to the
MN and is therefore bandwidth inefficient compared to the native
multicast forwarding in the foreign multicast system.

-----text for 3------

    If the multicast applications depend on the
    address of the joining node, the mobile node MAY treat the router as
    a correspondent node and establish a binding with it.  The mobile
    node can then use the Home Address destination option in the sent
    control messages.

=>

    The mobile node MUST NOT use the Home Address destination option
    when sending MLD packets [ref].




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X-Mailer: exmh version 2.5 07/13/2001 with nmh-1.0.4
From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
cc: mrw@windriver.com, Erik.Nordmark@sun.com, dthaler@windows.microsoft.com,
        charliep@iprg.nokia.com, itojun@iijlab.net,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization 
In-Reply-To: <200208200829.LAA28974@burp.tkv.asdf.org> 
References: <200208200829.LAA28974@burp.tkv.asdf.org>  <"Your message with ID" <770.1023183551@munnari.OZ.AU> <4.2.2.20020819211305.0284a1b0@mail.windriver.com> 
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    Date:        Tue, 20 Aug 2002 11:29:40 +0300
    From:        Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
    Message-ID:  <200208200829.LAA28974@burp.tkv.asdf.org>

  | The delay is less suitable for DAD's done on RA. In optimized
  | environment, addresses are useable immediately after RA.

That's true, but I'm not sure this is important.

  | With
  | non-optimized and delayed DAD, we would have undetermined gap after
  | RA, when an address retrieved from DNS might not work.

If you're sticking things in the DNS simultaneously with RA, or even
before the RA is issued, then yes, I'd expect breakage.   But I can't
imagine why anyone would do that.

Usually, I'd expect, you'd advertise the new prefix (via RA) then
after that's done, advertise the new addresses in the DNS - either
by manually waiting for the RA to take effect (which might involve
waiting a few RA transmit cycles - some hosts might be busy and
miss the first RA after all) and then editing the DNS, or by using
dynamic DNS, and having each host update its own address(es) as they
are installed in the host.

  | I would like my
  | network to be as deterministic as possible, avoid randomness when not
  | absolutely necessary.

The way to achieve that is to test that the hosts have picked up the new
prefix before advertising it in the DNS, not by assuming that every host
will necessarily have the address available the instant that the RA is
transmitted.

kre



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	20 Aug 2002 19:49:28 +0700)
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization
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> From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>

> If you're sticking things in the DNS simultaneously with RA, or even
> before the RA is issued, then yes, I'd expect breakage.   But I can't
> imagine why anyone would do that.

But, this is exactly the normal situation. The prefix, that is
announced in RA, is one the global prefixes for link. I assume global
addresses are in the DNS.

It can be just situation that router was temporarily down and then
came online/reachable again. At least in our system, application can
connect to an global address, but if there is no route, the connect
can be on hold for a while in wait for router advertisement. If such
arrives, onlink route for the prefix is intalled, and immediately also
the connections are activated (SYN packets sent causing the Neighbor
solitications for the destionations). Now, if the other hosts are
delaying their replies, I may get unreachable... perhaps not a big
deal, but still not pretty either.





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Message-Id: <200208201339.g7KDdw6o002495@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Margaret Wasserman <mrw@windriver.com>
cc: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>,
        Dave Thaler <dthaler@windows.microsoft.com>,
        "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>, itojun@iijlab.net,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        IPng Working Group <ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 19 Aug 2002 21:15:13 EDT.
             <4.2.2.20020819211305.0284a1b0@mail.windriver.com> 
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2002 15:39:58 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Instead, we might need some sort of random delay on the creation of 
   addresses when a new prefix is received.
   
=> IMHO the delay should be in the DAD itself. We already got a
random delay between 0 and MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY for the first DAD
on an interface, why not require it in all cases?
Another detail: before doing DAD, the solicited group must be joined
and this is another cause of collisions when implementations are buggy
(i.e., no new report should be sent because the node is already a member
of the group).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
To: Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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In-reply-to: <200208201339.g7KDdw6o002495@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
	(message from Francis Dupont on Tue, 20 Aug 2002 15:39:58 +0200)
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization
References:  <200208201339.g7KDdw6o002495@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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> From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>

> Another detail: before doing DAD, the solicited group must be joined
> and this is another cause of collisions when implementations are buggy
> (i.e., no new report should be sent because the node is already a member
> of the group).

What report? Solicited node is LINKLOCAL group, there is no need to
send any joins on those? Or is some weird multilink hack again
breaking the basic assumptions about Link Local?


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
cc: mrw@windriver.com, Erik.Nordmark@sun.com, kre@munnari.OZ.AU,
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        itojun@iijlab.net, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 20 Aug 2002 17:10:31 +0300.
             <200208201410.RAA29298@burp.tkv.asdf.org> 
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2002 16:27:37 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   What report? Solicited node is LINKLOCAL group, there is no need to
   send any joins on those? Or is some weird multilink hack again
   breaking the basic assumptions about Link Local?

=> from RFC 2710:

   MLD messages ARE sent for multicast addresses whose scope is 2
   (link-local), including Solicited-Node multicast addresses [ADDR-
   ARCH], except for the link-scope, all-nodes address (FF02::1).

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: the reason is that layer-2 devices need to know if they can
remove multicast packets to nodes which are not listening for them
(cf draft-ietf-magma-snoop-02.txt).


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug 20 10:33:26 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        Samita Chakrabarti
	 <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with R
	H
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2002 16:33:20 +0200
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Jari, 

  > Global unicast addresses are obviously allowed. I think 
  > link-locals can also
  > be used for dereg to the HA. And, wouldn't it be bad if 
  > made it illegal
  > to use MIPv6 within a site that uses only site-local 
  > addresses? So that
  > was the justification for allowing all unicast addresses. 
  > However, on
  > second look this covers also NSAP addresss, the unspecified 
  > address etc.
  > So perhaps we should stick with "link-local, site-local, or 
  > global unicast
  > addresses".

=> There were some complicaitons with Site-local addresses
that I raised in the meeting. Just to reiterate, it is hard for
a MN to know if it's in the home site or not or in two sites at the
same time. This makes it difficult to use Site-local CoAs. 
Also, if the HA is multi-sited then how does it know which
site the MN belongs to? these may not be difficult issues (?) 
but they're not trivial either. I think that we would need 
to add substantial text to discuss these cases. If I remember
correctly, there was a suggestion from Erik to remove any 
reference to Site-local in the draft. I don't know how much of 
a loss it would be, but given time constraints, this seems
like a reasonable way to go.

Hesham


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with R
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FWIW, I agree with Hesham.  Site-Locals are not trivially handled
if the HA is multi-sited (it's a little easier on MN).  So, for the
sake of simplicity of the protocol (which is already rather
complex), let's remove the site-local use.

-vlad

Hesham Soliman (EAB) wrote:
> 
> => There were some complicaitons with Site-local addresses
> that I raised in the meeting. Just to reiterate, it is hard for
> a MN to know if it's in the home site or not or in two sites at the
> same time. This makes it difficult to use Site-local CoAs. 
> Also, if the HA is multi-sited then how does it know which
> site the MN belongs to? these may not be difficult issues (?) 
> but they're not trivial either. I think that we would need 
> to add substantial text to discuss these cases. If I remember
> correctly, there was a suggestion from Erik to remove any 
> reference to Site-local in the draft. I don't know how much of 
> a loss it would be, but given time constraints, this seems
> like a reasonable way to go.
> 
> Hesham
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Hi all,

  I have read the latest version of the LMM requirements and I have some
comments as well as questions about some of these.

- 3.2.5-> What does the draft define as a security hole? Where can a
security hole be introduced (like in what aspects -signalling or data) ?

- 3.2.5 -> How does the possibility of a DoS attack come into play for
the core LMM function?

- 3.2.1 ->How does a replay attack come into action for the LMA. Does it
mean replay of a sniffed RBU message? Basically does it refer to the RBU
message?

- 3.2.6 ->The security associate with routing, does it refer to the
possibility of forging the entries in the regional binding cache with
the intent of deflecting traffic on a node other than the MN?

-3.2.6 ->what is defined as topological confidentiality within a LMM
domain. If the RA provides the prefix of the LMA how does one envisage
that this can reveal the topology of the domain?? 

A simple traceroute on the RCoA could do that..

-3.3.2 -> when it is said that non-lmm-aware host/HA/MN must
interoperate with LMA is it meant that "the operation of the LMM
function is optional with default mode of operation MIPv6"?

3.3.3 -> must not increase the no. of messages between MN-CN/HA. I take
it you mean global BUs. Increase it in contrast to what though??? Also
"must minimize the global (BU) signalling between MN-peers". What is max
acceptable threshold? Furthermore, I believe that the last statement is
wrong on the same clause. Consider:

It is stated that "The amount of regional (RBU) signalling must not
surpass the amount of global signalling...(used basically under base IP
mobility)". Well the threhold you allow here is fundamentally wrong.
Why?

In mip we have only global signals, say Xg.
In LMM we have global and local signals, X'g and Xi. If you allow (from
the clause) Xi=Xg then it will be that (Xi+X'g)> Xg (unless X'g=0, i.e.
I am still in the home net) which is unacceptable for LMM since its
signalling cost gets bigger than that of base MIPv6.

The relations that must hold are:

 The sum of intra-domain RBU signals must always be less than the number
of BU signal performed under base MIPv6.
 The inter-domain signals for LMM must always be the difference between
the total no. of MIPv6 BU signals and the sum of intra-domain RBU under
LMM. This way the basic equation of Xg = X'g + Xi is always honoured.
You see what we want to achieve is break the multiplicative term Xg of

(k+1)Xg for MIPv6 where Xg is also the number of handoffs

into a much smaller one with the remainder being just additive, i.e.

(k+2)X'g + Xi


I suggest that 3.3.3 is restated to reflect that.

-3.4.1 states that "The LMM complexity.." does that mean "the scaling of
BU/RBU signalling" ? Also if it scales linearly with the size of the
local domain, then it contradicts directly the last statement of 3.4.5.
If I accept 3.4.1 to be the case (subject to proof) then I cannot accept
3.4.5. Please remove 3.4.5 unless there is contradictory evidence.

-3.4.2 states "The LMM must keep the number of host routes to a
minimum". What is this measure of minimum; basically what is considered
to be the maximum?

-3.4.4 I trust that as long as the LMM function does not depend the
MIPv6 function then it will not interfere with it. Besides the LMA is a
major interferer :).. I can only deduce that you do not mean interfere,
but impede the MIP function. If this is the case then the clause must be
removed since it is expressed in detail in 3.5.1, 3.5.2, 3.5.3. If it is
not then just remove it since it does not make sense (at least to me :).

- 3.4.5 From what I understand so far from networking, configuration and
interconnects in networking have nothing to do with IP routing. Do you
mean "route"?

- 3.4.7 states "..header/tunneling overhead caused by LMM must be
reduced on the radio link by compression". The expression to me conveys
semantings of compression on the radio link (i.e. layer 2). LMM works on
layer 3. Thus the above statement is impossible since either the radio
link compresses anything (LMM or not) or we hit a layer violation. I
want to believe that this wants to mean "..caused by LMM must be reduced
by IP header compression (RHOC specs), when the underlying link layer is
wireless due to bandwidth restrictions.". Could we change it to
something like that?

-3.4.8 "..should not prohibit optimal placement of LMM agent..."..while
this is fine..optimal placement of something is bound to be restrictive
on how the topology is configured for LMM, yes? If this is the case then
this conflicts the statement of 3.4.5, where you enforce a must that the
LMM function does not restrict the configuration of the network. If this
is the case should we remove the statement of 3.4.5, or is there a
different rationale?

3.5.1, 3.5.2, 3.5.3 the must on the increase is ok on all of them. What
I believe though is that it should also be a must on the decrease.
Consider:

  latency: if not decrease it stays the same or gets bigger. Well if it
stays the same, we still win on less signalling..sorry latency reduction
is not the selling feature for LMM). But if it gets bigger then it
conflict the "MUST NOT" about increase. 
  The clauses must be revisited to state that "At worst, latency,
service disruption (i.e. latency), and no of messages incurred by LMM
must be the same as in MIPv6"

3.7. Traces of this clause are found in 3.4.5. Please remove the
relevant statement of 3.4.5 

3.9 is rather puzzling. I believe it basically means that LMM and MIP
must interoperate when LMM is available. Fine. The last bit confuses me
though.. I think it tries to say that while the above interoperability
is assumed to exist, optimisation from either end, MIPv6 or LMM MAY be
interoperable with the other. I believe the title of the requirement
must change to "Interoperability between MIPv6, LMM and potential
optimisations."


I would appreciate if on the security requirements somebody could give a
plausible situation that the LMM function is likely to engage.


-- 

thanks

theo
UCL/Mobile Systems Group


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug 20 16:54:02 2002
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From: "Shahrier, Sharif M." <Sharif.Shahrier@InterDigital.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject:  [mobile-ip] FMIPv6 over 802.11b
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I had been informed by the chair that the WG is working on a draft on how to
use FMIPv6 handover between different 802.11 wireless LANs.

There is supposed to be someone already working on the draft.

I am interested in participating in this work, and would be grateful if the
author of the draft would contact me directly, or if someone could send me
the pointer to that draft.

Thank you.

Sharif.




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>   > So perhaps we should stick with "link-local, site-local, or 
>   > global unicast
>   > addresses".
> 
> => There were some complicaitons with Site-local addresses
> that I raised in the meeting. Just to reiterate, it is hard for
> a MN to know if it's in the home site or not or in two sites at the
> same time. This makes it difficult to use Site-local CoAs. 
> Also, if the HA is multi-sited then how does it know which
> site the MN belongs to? these may not be difficult issues (?) 
> but they're not trivial either. I think that we would need 
> to add substantial text to discuss these cases. If I remember
> correctly, there was a suggestion from Erik to remove any 
> reference to Site-local in the draft. I don't know how much of 
> a loss it would be, but given time constraints, this seems
> like a reasonable way to go.

Seconded.

-Samita



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Hi Jari,

Thanks for your response. The discussion points are in-line.


> > 3.
> > section 6.1.8 indicates that we don't have "no Security
> > Association" status code anymore and we have:
> > 
> > 137   Invalid authenticator
> > 
> > That suggests Binding Authorization Data Option is manadatory
> > for all binding update messages--correct ?
> 
> Not quite. BAD (!) options are mandatory for CN binding updates,
> but not for HA binding updates.
>

Ok. So the HA binding update can have IPsec transport mode alternatively.
 
> > If that is the case, then that must be specified in 6.1.7
> > as well. Otherwise, we need another status error code or
> > specification when the HA or CN receives a BU without
> > binding authorization data option.
> 
> My suggestion is to rename 137 as "Invalid or missing authenticator",
> which would cover the case where BAD wasn't included in a BU to a
> CN.
> 

Ok. Then this is valid for CN case, but not for HA case. How should HA
react if it receives a BU without BAD or IPsec (or any other security
mechanism in future) ?  

Do you think "No security association" error code would be valid for
this case ?

> > 4.
> > 
> > 6.1.9
> > 
> > Status code 1:
> > 1   Home Address destination option used without a binding
> > Is this still valid ?
> 
> I think it is still valid, but a more proper name would perhaps
> be "Home Address destination option used without sufficient validation",
> the validation mechanisms being (1) existing binding or (2) use of
> IPSec.
> 
Ok.

> Note that this issue is separate from the discussion of whether or
> not the HAO and the IPsec validation are mandatory. (Whether or not
> they are, it is still possible that someone sends an unauthenticated
> HAO without a binding.)
> 

So the code should check in the following order:

1) If IPsec association is present
2) If there is an existing binding
3) If this is a mobility header type for binding update

If none of those conditions satisfy, then the above error status
code should be sent-right ?

> > 5.
> > section 8.2 Route Optimization Requirements for All IPv6 Nodes
> > 
> > It's missing the MN behavior,
> > 
> > How about adding a text something like this?
> > 
> > A node that is performing mobile node operation MUST be able to
> > process RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header (section 11.2.3 and 6.4).
> > All other nodes MUST ignore and drop RTHDR_TYPE2 extensions.
> 
> Hmm... ok, but the purpose of this section was to list only requirements
> for CNs. A CN can also be an MN at the same time. How about
> 
>     Unless the correspondent node is also acting as a mobile node,
>     it MUST ignore Type 2 Routing headers and drop all packets
>     that it has received with such headers.
> 

Fine w/me.

> We should also change:
> 
>     The following requirements apply to all nodes that support route
>     optimization:
> 
> to
> 
>     The following requirements apply to all correspondent nodes that support 
route
>     optimization:
> 
> I'll put this under issue #101.
>

Ok. 
 

> > section 8.5
> > 
> > Additional requirement:
> > 
> > -MUST be able to process RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header as defined
> >  in 6.4 and 11.2.3
> 
> Yes. "RTHDR_TYPE2 extension header" => "Type 2 Routing header"
> 

Right. Sorry about the mix-up.



> > 11.
> > section 10. Home Agent Operation
> > 
> > Should not we have a section here on "Processing Binding Updates" ?
> 
> Isn't 10.2 & 10.3 just that? Or would you like a different name?

You are right. For consistency with CN and MN, how about naming this 
section accordingly ?

Also, there has been requests in the alias to clarify the security mechanism
and processing associated with BU processing at home agent. 

Thanks again,
-Samita 




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] BADs only in BUs (issue 104)
References: <F0B628F30F48064289D8CCC1EE21B7A80175512C@mvebe001.NOE.Nokia.com> <3D5C103F.50304@hp.com>
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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:

> I have a comment about authorization of BAcks in draft 18.
> 
> They way I interpret the spec, if the BU has the Authorization
> Data option, BAck must contains this option as well.  I get this
> out sections 5.2.6 and and 9.4.4.
> 
> However, section 6.2.7 "Binding Authorization Data" says:
> "  ...                  This specification gives the rules only for
>    the return routability procedure.  For this procedure, this option
>    can only appear in a Binding Update message and rules for calculating
>    the Authenticator value are described in Section 6.1.7."
> 
> This seems to restrict Bindgin Authorisation Data only to BUs.

Yes, this is a left-over from the time that we only had BU authorization.
This needs to be fixed. Suggested new text:

      For this procedure, this option
      can only appear in the Binding Update and Binding Acknowledgement messages
      and rules for calculating the Authenticator value are described in
      Section 5.2.6.

> Also, going and reading 6.1.7, I can't find the rules for calculating
> the Authenticator value.  I think the reference needs to be fixed as well.

Fixed above.

Jari




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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Subject: [mobile-ip] Clarifications for section 5 (issue 102)
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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:

 > 1.  Multiple subsections use the symbol '|' in the cookie
 > and key calculations.  Does this symbol mean "concatinate"
 > or "Logical OR"?  (my guess is "Concatinate").  If my guess
 > is correct, in what order are the bits concatinated (i.e
 > cookie | none == ((cookie << 64) | nonce)?

It should be defined. Suggested text follows: "Here
A | B denotes concatenation of the strings A and B,
and First64(A) denotes the first 64 bits of the string A."

 > 2.  Section 5.2.5 uses a function First64() in calculating home
 > and care-of cookies.  Which bits are assumed to be the first
 > 64 bits?

Is the above enough?

 > 3.  There doesn't appear to be a section on processing and validating
 > Binding Updates.  Is it enought to make sure that authenticator
 > matches, or should the entire HMAC match?  (My guess it is the
 > entire HMAC).

and then later Hannu Flinck writes:

 > About your question 3 there is a section
 > describing BU processing and validation in 9.4.1 "Receiving Binding
 > Updates". So this should be covered.

Right. 9.4.1 and 5.2.6 together should do the job.

The rules for calculating the authenticator field indicate the use
of the MAK_(k) function which has been defined as the HMAC function.

 > However under Home Agent Operation for sake of clarity I would like
 > to propose some lines of description how a static SA is used to
 > validate the MN-HA BUs. Current text that describes in 10.2 "Primary
 > Care-of Address Registration" starts with an assumption that the BU is
 > valid. But says nothing how the validation is done. Later in section
 > 10.3 "Primary Care-of address De-Registration" the text finally refers
 > to Section 9.4.1.
 >
 > However section 9.4.1 has been written Return Routability in mind that
 > doesn't apply as such with the home agent that has IPsec

Yes, this reference isn't quite correct. But note that in 9.4.1 there
are two separate activities listed, "validation" and "authorization".
I think we can still refer to the validation steps for sequence numbers
etc, but we need a new text for the authorization part which in this case
works with IPsec. Text is being prepared for that, as required by issue
69.

Jari



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Clarifications for section 5 (issue 102)
References: <3D638432.6010905@kolumbus.fi>
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
>  > 1.  Multiple subsections use the symbol '|' in the cookie
>  > and key calculations.  Does this symbol mean "concatinate"
>  > or "Logical OR"?  (my guess is "Concatinate").  If my guess
>  > is correct, in what order are the bits concatinated (i.e
>  > cookie | none == ((cookie << 64) | nonce)?
> 
> It should be defined. Suggested text follows: "Here
> A | B denotes concatenation of the strings A and B,
> and First64(A) denotes the first 64 bits of the string A."

And to make the order specified as well: "Here A | B denotes
the concatenation of the strings A and B, with the string A
appearing first in the result. First64(X) denotes the first 64
bits of the string X."

(Note that it is helpful to think about the cookies and other
data items as strings rather than as numbers.)

Jari




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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'"
	 <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "'Dave Thaler'" <dthaler@windows.microsoft.com>,
        Erik Nordmark
	 <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, fenner@research.att.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] RE: moving on with the multicast issue (#63)
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 08:51:04 -0400
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Fine with me..

-----Original Message-----
From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi]
Sent: 20 August 2002 22:04
To: 'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'
Cc: Alan O'Neill; 'Dave Thaler'; Erik Nordmark; fenner@research.att.com
Subject: moving on with the multicast issue (#63)


A discussion has taken place on and off-list about the
multicast mechanisms in MIPv6 and exactly what the base
RFC must say and allow.

The main discussion item has been whether to allow
sending only via the HA, or also locally. We have
come up with the following proposal in the discussion:

1. We clarify in the draft that HAO is not allowed for
    CoA-sourced multicast traffic.

    Reason: reduces complexity and we simply don't know how to
    do this at this time.

2. We allow HA tunneling AND CoA sourced traffic, but add
    an applicability statement that describes what limitations
    these mechanisms have.

    Reason: This does not prevent anything, but warns the
    implementers so that they can think about the implications
    for the multicast routing infrastructure. Later, when
    we have better technology we can revisit this statement.

3. We require MLD to be run without HAO.

    Reason: This makes multicast traffic that uses care-of
    address equivalent to any other local traffic. Also
    implied by item 1.

-----text for 1------

   (1) send directly on the foreign link being visited

=>

   (1) Send directly on the foreign link being visited.
       The application is aware of the care-of address
       and uses it for multicast traffic just like any
       other stationary address. The mobile node MUST NOT
       use Home Address destination option in such traffic.

-----text for 2-------

Note that direct sending from the foreign link is only
applicable whilst the MN is at that foreign link. This
is because the associated multicast tree is specific to
that source location and any change of location and source
address will invalidate the source specific tree or branch
and the application context of the other multicast
group members.

This specification does not provide mechanisms to enable such
local multicast session to survive hand-off, and to seamlessly
continue from a new CCoA on each new foreign link. Any
such mechanism, developed as an extension to this
specification, needs to take into account the impact of
fast moving mobile nodes on the Internet multicast
routing protocols and their ability to maintain the
integrity of source specific multicast trees and branches.

Whilst the use of reverse tunnelling can ensure that multicast trees are
independent of the MN's movement, in some case such tunnelling can have
adverse affects. The latency of specific types of multicast
applications such as multicast based discovery protocols will
be impacted when the RTT between the foreign subnet and the HA
is significant compared to that of the topology to be
discovered. In addition, the delivery tree from the HA in such
circumstances relies on unicast encapsulation from the HA to the
MN and is therefore bandwidth inefficient compared to the native
multicast forwarding in the foreign multicast system.

-----text for 3------

    If the multicast applications depend on the
    address of the joining node, the mobile node MAY treat the router as
    a correspondent node and establish a binding with it.  The mobile
    node can then use the Home Address destination option in the sent
    control messages.

=>

    The mobile node MUST NOT use the Home Address destination option
    when sending MLD packets [ref].



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Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 09:19:17 -0400
From: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
Organization: Hewlett Packard
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] BADs only in BUs (issue 104)
References: <F0B628F30F48064289D8CCC1EE21B7A80175512C@mvebe001.NOE.Nokia.com> <3D5C103F.50304@hp.com> <3D636792.3020908@kolumbus.fi>
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Jari

Jari Arkko wrote:
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
> 
> Yes, this is a left-over from the time that we only had BU authorization.
> This needs to be fixed. Suggested new text:
> 
>      For this procedure, this option
>      can only appear in the Binding Update and Binding Acknowledgement 
> messages
>      and rules for calculating the Authenticator value are described in
>      Section 5.2.6.
> 

Thanks, that works...

-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Message-ID: <3D63952C.9000202@hp.com>
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From: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
Organization: Hewlett Packard
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To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Cc: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: MIPv6 Draft 18 Comments
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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
>>
>>My suggestion is to rename 137 as "Invalid or missing authenticator",
>>which would cover the case where BAD wasn't included in a BU to a
>>CN.
>>
> 
> 
> Ok. Then this is valid for CN case, but not for HA case. How should HA
> react if it receives a BU without BAD or IPsec (or any other security
> mechanism in future) ?  
> 
> Do you think "No security association" error code would be valid for
> this case ?
> 

Why not just name error code 137 as "Authentication Failed" and return
that error code if the security validation procedure (IPSec, BAD, etc...)
failed.

-vlad
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Clarifications for section 5 (issue 102)
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Jari

Thanks.  That clarifies a lot.

-vlad

Jari Arkko wrote:
> Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
>> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
>>
>>  > 1.  Multiple subsections use the symbol '|' in the cookie
>>  > and key calculations.  Does this symbol mean "concatinate"
>>  > or "Logical OR"?  (my guess is "Concatinate").  If my guess
>>  > is correct, in what order are the bits concatinated (i.e
>>  > cookie | none == ((cookie << 64) | nonce)?
>>
>> It should be defined. Suggested text follows: "Here
>> A | B denotes concatenation of the strings A and B,
>> and First64(A) denotes the first 64 bits of the string A."
> 
> 
> And to make the order specified as well: "Here A | B denotes
> the concatenation of the strings A and B, with the string A
> appearing first in the result. First64(X) denotes the first 64
> bits of the string X."
> 
> (Note that it is helpful to think about the cookies and other
> data items as strings rather than as numbers.)
> 
> Jari
> 
> 
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: MIPv6 Draft 18 Comments
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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:

>> Ok. Then this is valid for CN case, but not for HA case. How should HA
>> react if it receives a BU without BAD or IPsec (or any other security
>> mechanism in future) ? 
>> Do you think "No security association" error code would be valid for
>> this case ?
>>
> 
> Why not just name error code 137 as "Authentication Failed" and return
> that error code if the security validation procedure (IPSec, BAD, etc...)
> failed.

IPsec has its own mechanisms (i.e. drop packets and not tell anyone about
it) for dealing with authentication problems. So that's why I'm a bit
hesitant to require that the MIPv6 code needs to know too much about what
happened lower down in the stack.

Jari





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Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 09:47:01 -0400
From: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: MIPv6 Draft 18 Comments
References: <200208210159.g7L1xMD7346981@jurassic.eng.sun.com> <3D63952C.9000202@hp.com> <3D639837.3080108@kolumbus.fi>
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Jari


I agree, if IPSec actuall failed, that packet will be just dropped at
lower layer, but a different error code description is still valid
for when there was not authentication done on the packet.

The new description is also generic enough to cover possible future
authentication mechanisms other then BAD and IPSec.

-vlad

Jari Arkko wrote:
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
>>> Ok. Then this is valid for CN case, but not for HA case. How should HA
>>> react if it receives a BU without BAD or IPsec (or any other security
>>> mechanism in future) ? Do you think "No security association" error 
>>> code would be valid for
>>> this case ?
>>>
>>
>> Why not just name error code 137 as "Authentication Failed" and return
>> that error code if the security validation procedure (IPSec, BAD, etc...)
>> failed.
> 
> 
> IPsec has its own mechanisms (i.e. drop packets and not tell anyone about
> it) for dealing with authentication problems. So that's why I'm a bit
> hesitant to require that the MIPv6 code needs to know too much about what
> happened lower down in the stack.
> 
> Jari
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 20:06:58 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Samita Chakrabarti <Samita.Chakrabarti@eng.sun.com>
Cc: hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] issues 92, 94, 95 and text for sending BAs with R
 H
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Samita Chakrabarti wrote:
> 
>>  > So perhaps we should stick with "link-local, site-local, or 
>>  > global unicast
>>  > addresses".
>>
>>=> There were some complicaitons with Site-local addresses

Ok, let's ignore site-local then. The rule for CNs is to verify
that the address is a global unicast address. For HAs we'll allow
link-local as well.

Jari





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Date: Thu, 22 Aug 2002 21:17:39 +1200
From: Francis Chai <jjc38@elec.canterbury.ac.nz>
Subject: [mobile-ip] cellular ip testbed implementation
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Content-type: text/plain;	charset="iso-8859-1"
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Hi,
    Is anyone familiar with cellular ip v1.1 for linux? I'm having =
problems with configuring the software for cellular ip. The following is =
my network layout

                 gateway ------ router
                   I
   --------------- I----------
  I                           |
BS1                    BS2


           MH


The question I have is, what should be in the routing table in the =
gateway? Where is the default route suppose to point to? At the moment, =
I have the default route pointing at the router. However, how will the =
gateway know the route to the mobile host? I could set up a route to the =
mobile host manually with the next hop as either BS1 or BS2. But then =
when I carry out handoff, the current route will not work anymore. I =
have cipnode running on both BS1, BS2 and the gateway. So the question =
is...how will the gateway know the nexthop to the mobile host?


Best regards,
Francis


--Boundary_(ID_IYdaoP1mvYPnXpdeAVMJDA)
Content-type: text/html;	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2600.0" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Is anyone familiar =
with cellular=20
ip v1.1 for linux? I'm having problems with configuring the software for =

cellular ip. </FONT><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The following is my =
network=20
layout</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gateway=20
------ router</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
I</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;---------------&nbsp;I----------</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;=20
I&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>BS1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
BS2</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
MH</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The question I have is, what should be =
in the=20
routing table in the gateway? Where is the default route suppose to =
point to? At=20
the moment, I have the default route pointing at the router. However, =
how will=20
the gateway know the route to the mobile host? I could set up a route to =
the=20
mobile host manually with the next hop as either BS1 or BS2. But then =
when I=20
carry out handoff, the current route will not work anymore. I have =
cipnode=20
running on both BS1, BS2 and the gateway. So the question is...how will =
the=20
gateway know the nexthop to the mobile host?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Best regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Francis</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

--Boundary_(ID_IYdaoP1mvYPnXpdeAVMJDA)--


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs
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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> Hi
> 
> If the BA is sent to the mobile node, in response to BU, with
> the status of 137 (Invalid authenticator), 138 (Expired Home Nonce Index),
> or 139 (Expired Care-of Nonce Index), shuld this BA contains
> the Authorization Data option and authenticator?
> 
> It looks to me like it should not because the CN was unable
> to authenticate the BU.

Right.

Section 9.4.4. has been silent about this. Suggested text:


    The packet in which the Binding Acknowledgement is returned
    MUST meet the specific authentication requirements for Binding
    Acknowledgements, defined in Section 5.2.  Furthermore, if the packet
    ...

=>

    If the Status field in the Binding Acknowledgement contains the value
    137, 138, or 139, then the message MUST NOT include
    the Binding Authorization Data mobility option. Otherwise,
    the Binding Authorization Data mobility option MUST be included, and
    MUST meet the specific authentication requirements for Binding
    Acknowledgements as defined in Section 5.2.6.

    If the packet ...

Jari



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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs
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Jari

Slight problem the text you supplied.  BAD option in
the BAck should only be included if the BU containted
a BAD option.

So I would change the text slightly:

    If the Status field in the Binding Acknowledgement contains the value
    137, 138, or 139, then the message MUST NOT include
    the Binding Authorization Data mobility option. Otherwise,
    the Binding Authorization Data mobility option MUST be included if
    the Binding Update message contained the option, and
    MUST meet the specific authentication requirements for Binding
    Acknowledgements as defined in Section 5.2.6.

    If the packet ...

-vlad

Jari Arkko wrote:
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
>> Hi
>>
>> If the BA is sent to the mobile node, in response to BU, with
>> the status of 137 (Invalid authenticator), 138 (Expired Home Nonce 
>> Index),
>> or 139 (Expired Care-of Nonce Index), shuld this BA contains
>> the Authorization Data option and authenticator?
>>
>> It looks to me like it should not because the CN was unable
>> to authenticate the BU.
> 
> 
> Right.
> 
> Section 9.4.4. has been silent about this. Suggested text:
> 
> 
>    The packet in which the Binding Acknowledgement is returned
>    MUST meet the specific authentication requirements for Binding
>    Acknowledgements, defined in Section 5.2.  Furthermore, if the packet
>    ...
> 
> =>
> 
>    If the Status field in the Binding Acknowledgement contains the value
>    137, 138, or 139, then the message MUST NOT include
>    the Binding Authorization Data mobility option. Otherwise,
>    the Binding Authorization Data mobility option MUST be included, and
>    MUST meet the specific authentication requirements for Binding
>    Acknowledgements as defined in Section 5.2.6.
> 
>    If the packet ...
> 
> Jari
> 
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs
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Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> Jari
> 
> Slight problem the text you supplied.  BAD option in
> the BAck should only be included if the BU containted
> a BAD option.

True, but if the text was in 9.4.4 then BADs are required
in the BUs in any case. I'm also assuming 137 covers
missing BAD.

Jari






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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs
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Jari

If we assume that the CN will ALWAYS do RR, then your
new text in section 9.4.4 would be enough.

I was thinking of a possibility where there is some
other mechanism which does not depend on RR and
thus would not have sent the authenticator in the BU.

So, it might good to actually state that the BAD option
is include only if RR method was used and the message
was successufly authenticated.

-vlad


Jari Arkko wrote:
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
>> Jari
>>
>> Slight problem the text you supplied.  BAD option in
>> the BAck should only be included if the BU containted
>> a BAD option.
> 
> 
> True, but if the text was in 9.4.4 then BADs are required
> in the BUs in any case. I'm also assuming 137 covers
> missing BAD.
> 
> Jari
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Hello Vlad,

I do not agree that use of the Binding Authentication
Data option should be restricted in that way.  For one
thing, it should be usable whenever the nodes involved
have enough information to carry out the computation,
whether by manual configuration or some other proprietary
means or some other future standard protocol.

Regards,
Charlie P.


Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
> Jari
> 
> If we assume that the CN will ALWAYS do RR, then your
> new text in section 9.4.4 would be enough.
> 
> I was thinking of a possibility where there is some
> other mechanism which does not depend on RR and
> thus would not have sent the authenticator in the BU.
> 
> So, it might good to actually state that the BAD option
> is include only if RR method was used and the message
> was successufly authenticated.
> 
> -vlad
> 
> Jari Arkko wrote:
> > Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> >
> >> Jari
> >>
> >> Slight problem the text you supplied.  BAD option in
> >> the BAck should only be included if the BU containted
> >> a BAD option.
> >
> >
> > True, but if the text was in 9.4.4 then BADs are required
> > in the BUs in any case. I'm also assuming 137 covers
> > missing BAD.
> >
> > Jari
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> 
> --
> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> Vladislav Yasevich             Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
> Hewlett Packard                Tel: (603) 884-1079
> Nashua, NH 03062               ZKO3-3/T07


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From: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
Organization: Hewlett Packard
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To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: MobilIP <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>,
        Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs
References: <3D612965.20807@hp.com> <3D64BDC8.7010001@kolumbus.fi> <3D6526A9.704@hp.com> <3D652D42.4040801@kolumbus.fi> <3D652FA9.6020408@hp.com> <3D653183.E8862660@iprg.nokia.com>
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Hello Charly

I guess it depends on the specification of the
"other" protocols.  The text I sent was simply
my interpretation.  I  did not realize that the
original consideration was to re-use Binding
Authorization Data in other authentication schemes.

Upon re-reading the Section 6.2.7, I withdraw
my objection to the clarified text.

-vlad

Charles E. Perkins wrote:
> Hello Vlad,
> 
> I do not agree that use of the Binding Authentication
> Data option should be restricted in that way.  For one
> thing, it should be usable whenever the nodes involved
> have enough information to carry out the computation,
> whether by manual configuration or some other proprietary
> means or some other future standard protocol.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 
> 
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> 
>>Jari
>>
>>If we assume that the CN will ALWAYS do RR, then your
>>new text in section 9.4.4 would be enough.
>>
>>I was thinking of a possibility where there is some
>>other mechanism which does not depend on RR and
>>thus would not have sent the authenticator in the BU.
>>
>>So, it might good to actually state that the BAD option
>>is include only if RR method was used and the message
>>was successufly authenticated.
>>
>>-vlad
>>
>>Jari Arkko wrote:
>>
>>>Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>Jari
>>>>
>>>>Slight problem the text you supplied.  BAD option in
>>>>the BAck should only be included if the BU containted
>>>>a BAD option.
>>>
>>>
>>>True, but if the text was in 9.4.4 then BADs are required
>>>in the BUs in any case. I'm also assuming 137 covers
>>>missing BAD.
>>>
>>>Jari
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>--
>>+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>>Vladislav Yasevich             Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
>>Hewlett Packard                Tel: (603) 884-1079
>>Nashua, NH 03062               ZKO3-3/T07
> 
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Vladislav Yasevich" <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
Cc: "MobilIP" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs
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Agree.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
To: "Vladislav Yasevich" <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
Cc: "MobilIP" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Thursday, August 22, 2002 11:46 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Additional question on BAs


> Hello Vlad,
> 
> I do not agree that use of the Binding Authentication
> Data option should be restricted in that way.  For one
> thing, it should be usable whenever the nodes involved
> have enough information to carry out the computation,
> whether by manual configuration or some other proprietary
> means or some other future standard protocol.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 
> 
> Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> > 
> > Jari
> > 
> > If we assume that the CN will ALWAYS do RR, then your
> > new text in section 9.4.4 would be enough.
> > 
> > I was thinking of a possibility where there is some
> > other mechanism which does not depend on RR and
> > thus would not have sent the authenticator in the BU.
> > 
> > So, it might good to actually state that the BAD option
> > is include only if RR method was used and the message
> > was successufly authenticated.
> > 
> > -vlad
> > 
> > Jari Arkko wrote:
> > > Vladislav Yasevich wrote:
> > >
> > >> Jari
> > >>
> > >> Slight problem the text you supplied.  BAD option in
> > >> the BAck should only be included if the BU containted
> > >> a BAD option.
> > >
> > >
> > > True, but if the text was in 9.4.4 then BADs are required
> > > in the BUs in any case. I'm also assuming 137 covers
> > > missing BAD.
> > >
> > > Jari
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > 
> > --
> > +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > Vladislav Yasevich             Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
> > Hewlett Packard                Tel: (603) 884-1079
> > Nashua, NH 03062               ZKO3-3/T07
> 



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Date: Thu, 22 Aug 2002 17:32:56 -0400 (EDT)
From: Eylem Ekici <ekici@ee.eng.ohio-state.edu>
Message-Id: <200208222132.RAA12994@er4hp030.eng.ohio-state.edu>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] SNPA 2003 CFP - First IEEE Workshop on Sensor Network Protocols and Applications
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Our apologies if you have received multiple copies of this CFP.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          CALL FOR PAPERS

                       IEEE ICC 2003 Workshop
                             SNPA 2003

                First IEEE International Workshop on 
              Sensor Network Protocols and Applications

                  in Conjunction with IEEE ICC 2003
                            May 11, 2003

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

URLs:
SNPA 2003: http://www.icc2003.com/workshop1.html
ICC 2003:  http://www.icc2003.com

Submission Deadline: October 22, 2002

--------------------------------------------------------------------------


SCOPE

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are fast emerging as a new sensing
paradigm based on the collaborative effort of large number of sensors
deployed close to or inside the phenomenon to be observed, and have the
potential of providing diverse services to numerous applications. The
realization of WSNs require intensive technical research efforts
especially in power aware scalable wireless ad hoc communications
protocols due to their unusual application requirements and unique
constraints such as
- WSNs are generally composed of large number of nodes that have limited
  computational and storage capacity.
- In many applications, sensor nodes are expected to be randomly scattered
  in unreachable regions.
- The lifetime of a sensor network is generally limited to the battery
  lifetime of sensor nodes.

SNPA 2003 is intended to provide a forum for researchers to present their
contributions as technical papers related to communication protocols for
WSNs, data management, access, aggregation and fusion techniques, and
sensor network applications. The papers solicited in SNPA 2003 cover a
variety of topics including but not limited to:

- Communication protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks at all layers 
- Novel sensor network applications and services
- Self organizing and scalable sensor network architectures
- Software platforms and tools for sensor network application development
- Energy efficient medium access control, error control, and traffic 
  management protocols
- Energy efficient system services such as localization and time
  synchronization
- Robust distributed algorithms for collaborative processing
- Mechanisms, protocols and algorithms for authenticated, secure
  communication
- Application specific network and system services, including data-centric
  routing, attribute based addressing and location management
- Data querying and dissemination
- Data compression, association, aggregation and fusion


SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS

The papers should confirm with ICC 2003 paper format and can be up to 
11 pages long. Authors should submit a PDF version of their paper to 
snpa03@cs.itu.edu.tr according to the following timetable

            Manuscript Due: October 22, 2002
   Acceptance Notification: December 17, 2002
      Final Manuscript Due: January 14, 2003
             Workshop Date: May 11, 2003


ORGANIZATION

PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS

Erdal Cayirci
Department of Computer Engineering
Istanbul Technical University
Istanbul
E-mail: erdal@ece.gatech.edu

Taieb Znati
Div.of Adv.Net.Inf.& Res.
NSF
Arlington, VA 22230
E-mail: tznati@nsf.gov


TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE

* Sebnem Baydere (Yeditepe University) 
* Azzedine Boukerche (University of North Texas) 
* Erdal Cayirci (Istanbul Technical University)
* Eylem Ekici (Ohio State University) 
* Deborah Estrin (UCLA) 
* John Heidemann (ISI) 
* Bashkar Khrisnamachari (Cornell) 
* Sri Kumar (DARPA) 
* Geng-Sheng Kuo (National Chengchi University) 
* Stephen Olariu (Old Dominion University) 
* Sergio Palazzo (University of Catania)
* Chiara Petrioli (Roma University) 
* Parmesh Ramanathan (University of Wisconsin) 
* Suresh Singh (Portland State University) 
* Stephen Wicker (Cornell) 
* Adam Wolisz (Technical University of Berlin) 
* Michele Zorzi (Universita' di Ferrara) 


PUBLICITY CO-CHAIR 

Eylem Ekici
Ohio State University
E-mail: ekici@ee.eng.ohio-state.edu


SPONSORS

Sponsored by the following IEEE Communications Society Technical Committees:

* Tactical Communications
* Personal Communications (Pending)
* Radio Communications (Pending)


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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Infocom 2003 Call For Tutorials
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Dear Colleague,

Please accept my apology if you receive multiple copies of this announcement.
---------------

INFOCOM 2003 -- Call For Tutorial Proposals

The 22nd Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications
Societies

Tutorial Proposal Deadline: September 30, 2002
Conference dates:           April 1-3, 2003


We are pleased to accept proposals for tutorial presentations at IEEE
Infocom 2003 in San Francisco. Infocom draws a diverse and large audience
each year and is the premier networking conference of the IEEE. Past
tutorial authors include some of the most outstanding researchers and
industry leaders in the fields of networking and security.

Potential instructors are requested to submit a tutorial proposal of at
most 3 pages, including a biographical sketch, tutorial abstract, and
tutorial outline to the Tutorial Co-Chairs, Brian Neil Levine
[brian@cs.umass.edu] and Christophe Diot [cdiot@sprintlabs.com]. Deadline
for accepting Tutorial proposals is a hard deadline of September 30, 2002.

Evaluation of proposals will be based on the expertise and experience of
the instructors, and on the relevance and timeliness of the subject
matter. Authors are encouraged to reviews abstracts of tutorials from last
infocom to gain an idea of scope and level of expertise we desire. Please
keep in mind, our goal is to offer the most up-to-date, relevant, and
interesting array of topics possible.


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From: bkhabs <bkhabs@nc.rr.com>
Reply-To: bkhabs@nc.rr.com
To: Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr, msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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On Tue, 20 Aug 2002 17:10:31  0300 Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
wrote.
From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>

Another detail: before doing DAD, the solicited group must be joined
and this is another cause of collisions when implementations are buggy
(i.e., no new report should be sent because the node is already a member
of the group).

What report? Solicited node is LINKLOCAL group, there is no need to
send any joins on those? Or is some weird multilink hack again
breaking the basic assumptions about Link Local?

RFC 2710 requires that nodes listening to a multicast group of scope
2 or greater (excluding ALL-NODES) to participate in the MLD protocol.
It is intended to allow for proper behavior with the use of IGMP/MLD
snooping switches.

Brian


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Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2002 12:47:21 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] CN to MN (Sending Binding Acknowledgement)
References: <351713a06f.3a06f35171@lit.org.sg>
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    Appologies from the list admin:
        Somehow this got mis-filtered, but is important for the list!


vriz@lit.a-star.edu.sg wrote:

No. Per issue #92 CNs will not respond to HoA if the src is 
unsuitable.


That means checking of whether the src address is legal for routing 
purpose, is compulsory no matter whether if it's (src address's) a HoA or 
not?

Yes.

Therefore, binding cache information is not to be used when sending 
BAck. 

Yes.

The src address must be checked if it's legal.

Yes.

Determination of whether RH2 is to be used only if the BU contains a dest 
opt for HoA.

Yes.

If there's no dest opt for HoA, then BAck is sent directly to the src 
address.

Yes.

As Erik pointed out, is it necessary to use RH2 if the BAck is to return a 
failure status code?

This is debatable, I think. I'm not sure I see why we would _have_ to send
it either with RH2 or without. Couldn't we simply do it the same way as we
do for the regular BA?

Will there be any security loophole in this case?

I don't think we have any security loophole if we always respond to the same
source address that was in the request. Adding RH2 doesn't really cause anything
terrible to happen, as the result will stay within the same node.

Jari



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Fri Aug 23 17:18:58 2002
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Date: Fri, 23 Aug 2002 17:18:08 -0400
From: "Steven M. Glass" <Steven.Glass@sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Web archives accessible again.
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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     As some of you noticed, the archives were unaccessible, however that 
problem has been fixed.  Note the issue isn't completely resolved yet as 
there are some email messages that exist on our new internal mirror that 
for some reason aren't on playground.sun.com, but when the rsync is done 
they'll be back.

     If you recall, as with the last issue with our server over a year 
ago, it was an rsync problem again, this time between a new internal 
mirror and playground [apparently] due to a permissions issues.

     I'll keep an eye on it, and hopefully this head of the hydra won't 
grow back!

     Please note - requesting an archive via email does work, so it's a 
work-around in cases like this; I don't believe they were ever down.  
I've confirmed email to majordomo@sunroof.eng.sun.com for the August 
archives does get you all the most recent postings!  Expect two emails 
in response, e.g.

         >>>>get mobile-ip mobile-ip.200208
         List 'mobile-ip' file 'mobile-ip.200208'
         >>>>is being sent as a separate message.

    See http://playground.sun.com/mobile-ip/instructions.html if you'd 
like to do this.  Warning: August 2002 is already 653K!

                               Cheers,
                                   Steve

     PS(FYI: we're now blocking close to 15 spam's from the list every 
day!)



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Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2002 10:42:41 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Cc: "Tero Kauppinen (LMF)" <Tero.Kauppinen@lmf.ericsson.se>
Subject: [mobile-ip] new text for 85, 86 new issue 105, and state machines
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There's new text proposals for the below issues:

   http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/issues/issue85.txt
   http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/issues/issue86.txt

and there's also a new issue filed against the state machine:

   http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/issues/issue105.txt

In order to close issue #76 I'd like you to send me (private)
e-mail that tells whether you'd like (a) just keep the text and remove
any state machines, (b) add the state machines a non-normative introduction
to section 11, or (c) continue the current approach and have normative
text and non-normative state machines as separate sections.

Finally, I have also added a new field in the issue list that describes whether
or not we have a concrete text proposal available to fix it. We intend
to post text for the remaining issues in the next week or so.

Thanks,

Jari



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From: Theo Pagtzis <t.pagtzis@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
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In addition to what I have mentioned previously I would like to add that
I believe that two more requirements are conflicting about security:

In A: 
   it is required that the LMM agent does not interfere with the
security bindings between the MN and the peers

whereas on B:

 it is required that the MN preserves location privacy under LMM.

I cannot see how one can maintain location privacy (B) of the MN without
breaking the end-to-end principle (A) in terms of security bindings. If
the LMM agent is not to interfere with the security bindings of the
MN-peers that means it cannot "hide" the MN.

No interference by the LMM agent in the security bindings to means that
the bindings are effected end-to-end, ie. the MN with a peer CN (and the
respective on-link CoAs), or the MN and the HA. But the MN has to
provide the regional CoA which is the addr of the LMM agent. That
implies that any security binding effected...is effected between the LMM
agent and the CN/HA. This is clearly violation of the end-2-end
principle, since the peers think they communicate with one node, while
they communicate with another in terms of security bindings.

Thus, if one wants to keep location privacy in the requirements, I
believe he has to kiss goodbye end-to-end security bindings. The
opposite may also be the case; however both of the cases are mutualy
exclusive. We _cannot_ have both worlds...unless somebody can convince
for the opposite without violating the end-2-end principle.

In fact when it comes to security between the MN and the peers, this is
the first time that peers MUST know who they are talking to (i.e. not
the MN, but a trusted representative of the MN), and thus the peers have
to be injected with special functionality over security functions. That
is to say, that LMM is transparent to the peers until the time the
scheme requires security between the MN and the peers.


 
theo
UCL/Mobile Systems Group


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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
To: t.pagtzis@cs.ucl.ac.uk
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
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Hi Theo,

It is very simple in Basic Mode HMIPv6 for example, to have
a system which allows HA and CN bindings to an address at
the LMM Agent (the MAP), without modification to the binding
mechanism provided for MIPv6.

This is because there is a 1-to-1 mapping between the
RCoA and the MN in HMIPv6 Basic Mode.

As just another CoA the MN's RCoA (at the LMM) is required
to undergo Return Reachability tests to CNs. Therefore the
HMIPv6 protocol must support the use of RR as an exisiting
authorization protocol, without interfering in the process.

Since the RCoA Addresses provided in Basic HMIPv6 are
uniquely mapped to the MN all packets to that address
(even without mobility headers) are delivered to the MN.

All security associations are between the MN and the CN
(e-to-e), if the MN can send CoT messages reverse tunnelled
to the MAP.  IKE negotiated IPSec associations are also
negotiated directly, without the interference from the
LMM Agent.

In the case with the current HMIPv6 extended mode, the RCoA
is shared, and therefore the RR CoT may not be performed
without interference from the Extended MAP.  This means that
Extended Mode HMIPv6 breaks this LMM requirement as specified
today.

As it stands, I think that HMIPv6 extended mode is about to
be modified.

The statement in the LMM draft sounds OK, but is it really
necessary, if the MN has identified the LMM agent, and trusts
it?  Couldn't the security associations be formed with the
help of the LMM, since it owns the address which
is being used for a regional care-of-address (or defends it
on the LMM's link, which amounts to the same thing),
and also has an trust relationship which allows the MN to
use the RCoA?

So, seeing that we can have two worlds (with the HMIPv6 Basic
mode LMM case) where e-to-e security associations and location
privacy is maintained,
is it necessary or desirable to have the e-to-e security
association/negotiation , precluding the mediation of the
LMM agent?

Greg Daley


Theo Pagtzis wrote:
> In addition to what I have mentioned previously I would like to add that
> I believe that two more requirements are conflicting about security:
> 
> In A: 
>    it is required that the LMM agent does not interfere with the
> security bindings between the MN and the peers
> 
> whereas on B:
> 
>  it is required that the MN preserves location privacy under LMM.
> 
> I cannot see how one can maintain location privacy (B) of the MN without
> breaking the end-to-end principle (A) in terms of security bindings. If
> the LMM agent is not to interfere with the security bindings of the
> MN-peers that means it cannot "hide" the MN.
> 
> No interference by the LMM agent in the security bindings to means that
> the bindings are effected end-to-end, ie. the MN with a peer CN (and the
> respective on-link CoAs), or the MN and the HA. But the MN has to
> provide the regional CoA which is the addr of the LMM agent. That
> implies that any security binding effected...is effected between the LMM
> agent and the CN/HA. This is clearly violation of the end-2-end
> principle, since the peers think they communicate with one node, while
> they communicate with another in terms of security bindings.
> 
> Thus, if one wants to keep location privacy in the requirements, I
> believe he has to kiss goodbye end-to-end security bindings. The
> opposite may also be the case; however both of the cases are mutualy
> exclusive. We _cannot_ have both worlds...unless somebody can convince
> for the opposite without violating the end-2-end principle.
> 
> In fact when it comes to security between the MN and the peers, this is
> the first time that peers MUST know who they are talking to (i.e. not
> the MN, but a trusted representative of the MN), and thus the peers have
> to be injected with special functionality over security functions. That
> is to say, that LMM is transparent to the peers until the time the
> scheme requires security between the MN and the peers.
> 
> 
>  
> theo
> UCL/Mobile Systems Group
> 





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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'t.pagtzis@cs.ucl.ac.uk'" <t.pagtzis@cs.ucl.ac.uk>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
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Theo, 

  > In addition to what I have mentioned previously I would 
  > like to add that
  > I believe that two more requirements are conflicting about security:
  > 
  > In A: 
  >    it is required that the LMM agent does not interfere with the
  > security bindings between the MN and the peers
  > 
  > whereas on B:
  > 
  >  it is required that the MN preserves location privacy under LMM.
  > 
  > I cannot see how one can maintain location privacy (B) of 
  > the MN without
  > breaking the end-to-end principle (A) in terms of security 
  > bindings. 

=> These are requirements and are not meant to show how
it can be done. Of course we don't want to place impossible
requirements, but as Greg explained, this is already doable
to a large extent with the existing HMIPv6, so I don't think 
it's impossible. 

Hesham



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From: "Youn-Hee Han" <yhhan@disys.korea.ac.kr>
To: <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 2002 22:28:53 +0900
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Hi Theo and Greg,

I agree with Greg's opinion.
The HMIPv6 is a good representative of LMM, 
and the RCoA in Basic HMIPv6 is uniquely assigned to the MN. 
Therefore, IPSec associations are also negotiated directly 
between MN and CN, without the interference from the LMM Agent.

And, I think that the Extended mode in HMIPv6 must be not involved
in the LMM requirements, but in NEMO (network mobility) requirements.
As you know, the mode is schemed out for supporting a mobile network
by having the Mobile Router act as MAP within the visited network.

Youn-Hee Han
Samsung AIT.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Greg Daley" <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
To: <t.pagtzis@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Monday, August 26, 2002 10:00 AM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue


> Hi Theo,
> 
> It is very simple in Basic Mode HMIPv6 for example, to have
> a system which allows HA and CN bindings to an address at
> the LMM Agent (the MAP), without modification to the binding
> mechanism provided for MIPv6.
> 
> This is because there is a 1-to-1 mapping between the
> RCoA and the MN in HMIPv6 Basic Mode.
> 
> As just another CoA the MN's RCoA (at the LMM) is required
> to undergo Return Reachability tests to CNs. Therefore the
> HMIPv6 protocol must support the use of RR as an exisiting
> authorization protocol, without interfering in the process.
> 
> Since the RCoA Addresses provided in Basic HMIPv6 are
> uniquely mapped to the MN all packets to that address
> (even without mobility headers) are delivered to the MN.
> 
> All security associations are between the MN and the CN
> (e-to-e), if the MN can send CoT messages reverse tunnelled
> to the MAP.  IKE negotiated IPSec associations are also
> negotiated directly, without the interference from the
> LMM Agent.
> 
> In the case with the current HMIPv6 extended mode, the RCoA
> is shared, and therefore the RR CoT may not be performed
> without interference from the Extended MAP.  This means that
> Extended Mode HMIPv6 breaks this LMM requirement as specified
> today.
> 
> As it stands, I think that HMIPv6 extended mode is about to
> be modified.
> 
> The statement in the LMM draft sounds OK, but is it really
> necessary, if the MN has identified the LMM agent, and trusts
> it?  Couldn't the security associations be formed with the
> help of the LMM, since it owns the address which
> is being used for a regional care-of-address (or defends it
> on the LMM's link, which amounts to the same thing),
> and also has an trust relationship which allows the MN to
> use the RCoA?
> 
> So, seeing that we can have two worlds (with the HMIPv6 Basic
> mode LMM case) where e-to-e security associations and location
> privacy is maintained,
> is it necessary or desirable to have the e-to-e security
> association/negotiation , precluding the mediation of the
> LMM agent?
> 
> Greg Daley
> 
> 
> Theo Pagtzis wrote:
> > In addition to what I have mentioned previously I would like to add that
> > I believe that two more requirements are conflicting about security:
> > 
> > In A: 
> >    it is required that the LMM agent does not interfere with the
> > security bindings between the MN and the peers
> > 
> > whereas on B:
> > 
> >  it is required that the MN preserves location privacy under LMM.
> > 
> > I cannot see how one can maintain location privacy (B) of the MN without
> > breaking the end-to-end principle (A) in terms of security bindings. If
> > the LMM agent is not to interfere with the security bindings of the
> > MN-peers that means it cannot "hide" the MN.
> > 
> > No interference by the LMM agent in the security bindings to means that
> > the bindings are effected end-to-end, ie. the MN with a peer CN (and the
> > respective on-link CoAs), or the MN and the HA. But the MN has to
> > provide the regional CoA which is the addr of the LMM agent. That
> > implies that any security binding effected...is effected between the LMM
> > agent and the CN/HA. This is clearly violation of the end-2-end
> > principle, since the peers think they communicate with one node, while
> > they communicate with another in terms of security bindings.
> > 
> > Thus, if one wants to keep location privacy in the requirements, I
> > believe he has to kiss goodbye end-to-end security bindings. The
> > opposite may also be the case; however both of the cases are mutualy
> > exclusive. We _cannot_ have both worlds...unless somebody can convince
> > for the opposite without violating the end-2-end principle.
> > 
> > In fact when it comes to security between the MN and the peers, this is
> > the first time that peers MUST know who they are talking to (i.e. not
> > the MN, but a trusted representative of the MN), and thus the peers have
> > to be injected with special functionality over security functions. That
> > is to say, that LMM is transparent to the peers until the time the
> > scheme requires security between the MN and the peers.
> > 
> > 
> >  
> > theo
> > UCL/Mobile Systems Group
> > 
> 
> 
> 
> 



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Date: Mon, 26 Aug 2002 10:58:00 -0400
From: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
Organization: Tru64 UNIX Networking
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] new text for 85, 86 new issue 105, and state machines
References: <3D6738F1.6020202@kolumbus.fi>
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> There's new text proposals for the below issues:
>
>    http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/issues/issue85.txt

Hi Jari,

issue85.txt says:
"
And then change the text in 9.4.6 from

   If the correspondent node receives a packet with a Home Address
   destination option it MUST verify that it has a binding for that
   mobile node.  Specifically, it MUST have a binding entry for the
   mobile node's home address (as obtained from the Home Address option)
   at the mobile node's care-of address (from the IP source address of
   the packet).  If the correspondent node does not find such a binding
   entry, it MUST discard the packet.  It MUST also return a Binding
   Error message (Section 6.1.9), subject to rate limiting in the same
   manner as is done for ICMPv6 messages [14].

to

   Sections 9.2.1 and 9.4.6 describe error conditions that lead to a
   need to send a Binding Error message.

   A Binding Error message is sent to the address that appeared in the
   IPv6 Source address field of the offending packet.

   The Home Address field in the Binding Error message MUST be copied
   from the Home Address field in the Home Address destination option
   of the offending packet, or set to the unspecified address if no
   such option appeared in the packet.

   Binding Error messages are subject to rate limiting in the same
   manner as is done for ICMPv6 messages [14].
"

BPH> But 9.4.6 now references itself?  I think you meant to say:

"Sections 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 describe..."


issue85.txt also says:
"
In 9.2.1 change

    1. If an MH message of unknown type is received (Section 6.1, the
       correspondent node SHOULD issue a Binding Error message to the
       packet's Source Address with Status field set to 2.  Finally, the
       correspondent node MUST discard the packet.

to

    1. If an MH message of unknown type is received the correspondent
       node SHOULD issue a Binding Error message as described in Section
       9.4.6, with Status field set to 2.  Finally, the correspondent
       node MUST discard the packet.
"

BPH> I just have an editorial change for this, I thought the reference to
6.1 was useful:

1. If an MH message of unknown type is received (Section 6.1), the correspondent
       node SHOULD issue a Binding Error message as described in Section
       9.4.6, with Status field set to 2.  Finally, the correspondent
       node MUST discard the packet.

The rest looks good, thanks,

-Brian




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
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Theo,

> No interference by the LMM agent in the security bindings to means that
> the bindings are effected end-to-end, ie. the MN with a peer CN (and the
> respective on-link CoAs), or the MN and the HA. But the MN has to
> provide the regional CoA which is the addr of the LMM agent. That
> implies that any security binding effected...is effected between the LMM
> agent and the CN/HA. This is clearly violation of the end-2-end
> principle, since the peers think they communicate with one node, while
> they communicate with another in terms of security bindings.
>

I don't see how this follows. It the MN is performing the regional care of
address binding update, it can provide the proper security credentials. With the
Home Agent, it uses the IPsec security association required for Mobile IPv6.
With any correspondent nodes, it uses RR or some other algorithm.

Am I missing something?

            jak



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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>, <t.pagtzis@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
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> The statement in the LMM draft sounds OK, but is it really
> necessary, if the MN has identified the LMM agent, and trusts
> it?  Couldn't the security associations be formed with the
> help of the LMM, since it owns the address which
> is being used for a regional care-of-address (or defends it
> on the LMM's link, which amounts to the same thing),
> and also has an trust relationship which allows the MN to
> use the RCoA?
>

No, end to end security is end to end. It can't  be compromised by involving
someone in the middle. But, as you say, breaking it in the middle isn't required
for basic mode anyway.

As for extended mode, I'm always in favor of making protocols simpler and I have
never really seen the need for it anyway, so I think it could profitably be
dropped from the specification.

            jak





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To: "Youn-Hee Han" <yhhan@disys.korea.ac.kr>, <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
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> And, I think that the Extended mode in HMIPv6 must be not involved
> in the LMM requirements, but in NEMO (network mobility) requirements.
> As you know, the mode is schemed out for supporting a mobile network
> by having the Mobile Router act as MAP within the visited network.
>

I agree. I think extended mode should be taken out of the HMIP draft and moved
into NEMO, since it seems primarily motivated by a desire to support mobile
routers.

            jak



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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
CC: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Question about MIPv6 draft 18
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> => There are possibly 2^^64 addresses on a single
> link :) all can be CoAs. So it doesn't have to move
> anywhere.


simple solution is rate limiting at the CN. there cant
possibly be 2^64 mobile nodes connecting from the same
/64 prefix.

Vijay

> 
> Hesham 
> 
> 
>   > 
>   > regards
>   > Vijay
>   > 
> 




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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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CC: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: MIPv6 Draft 18 Comments
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> Ok. Then this is valid for CN case, but not for HA case. How should HA
> react if it receives a BU without BAD or IPsec (or any other security
> mechanism in future) ?  



I prefer just dropping the BU. there is no need for the HA to send
a BA with yet another error status.

Vijay



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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: Youn-Hee Han <yhhan@disys.korea.ac.kr>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
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Hi James and Youn-Hee Han,

 > I agree. I think extended mode should be taken out
 > of the HMIP draft and moved into NEMO, since it
 > seems primarily motivated by a desire to support mobile
 > routers.
 >
 >             jak

We may have to talk in NEMO about the authorization
of route optimization with extended mode HMIPv6.
Since it seems that the current MIP authorization
mechanisms fail if you have a one (R)CoA to many
MN relationship.

If Extended Mode HMIPv6 is useful, then it will
still have to overcome this issue whether here or
in the other place (NEMO).

Hesham,

How do you see the future of HMIPv6 extended mode in
Mobile-ip WG?

Greg Daley




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Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 10:55:36 +0900
From: Yukiyo Akisada <Yukiyo.Akisada@jp.yokogawa.com>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] calclating Authenticator field
Message-Id: <20020827105536.7b9f4f32.Yukiyo.Akisada@jp.yokogawa.com>
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Hi, all.

I have one question about calclating Authenticator field.

<draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt> says,

    5.2.6. Applying Return Routability for Correspondent Bindings
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
                                       "BU" is the content of the
    Binding Update message, excluding (1) the IP header, (2) any
    extension headers between the IP header the Mobility Header,
    and (3) the Authenticator field inside the Binding Update.

Does (3) mean that BU contains Type and Len field in Binding Authorization Data,
or not contain them ?


Regards.


----
Yukiyo Akisada <Yukiyo.Akisada@jp.yokogawa.com>


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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization 
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>> PS: the reason is that layer-2 devices need to know if they can
>> remove multicast packets to nodes which are not listening for them
>> (cf draft-ietf-magma-snoop-02.txt).
>
>In my view this is crap! Why must IP layer bend over so much for some
>kludgy layer-2 devices? If there are such devices, they could quite
>easily detect the equivalent of solicited node participants from the
>normal ND traffic!

	because otherwise multicast traffic will be flooded to every
	switch ports.

>I'm going to ingore RFC 2710 on this point. I do not send MLD for link
>local multicast groups.

	then your device will have trouble operating on coming switches
	that support MLD snooping, and it will be very difficult to
	track the issue down (extraordinary support load to your colleagues).
	i suggest you to follow RFC2710.

itojun


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From: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
To: Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
CC: mrw@windriver.com, Erik.Nordmark@sun.com, kre@munnari.OZ.AU,
        dthaler@windows.microsoft.com, charliep@iprg.nokia.com,
        itojun@iijlab.net, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
In-reply-to: <200208201427.g7KERb6o002654@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
	(message from Francis Dupont on Tue, 20 Aug 2002 16:27:37 +0200)
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization
References:  <200208201427.g7KERb6o002654@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
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Returning to this..

> From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
> 
> => from RFC 2710:
> 
>    MLD messages ARE sent for multicast addresses whose scope is 2
>    (link-local), including Solicited-Node multicast addresses [ADDR-
>    ARCH], except for the link-scope, all-nodes address (FF02::1).
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
> PS: the reason is that layer-2 devices need to know if they can
> remove multicast packets to nodes which are not listening for them
> (cf draft-ietf-magma-snoop-02.txt).

In my view this is crap! Why must IP layer bend over so much for some
kludgy layer-2 devices? If there are such devices, they could quite
easily detect the equivalent of solicited node participants from the
normal ND traffic!

I'm going to ingore RFC 2710 on this point. I do not send MLD for link
local multicast groups.




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From: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
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In-reply-to: <20020827091746.53DE54B25@coconut.itojun.org>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization
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> From: itojun@iijlab.net

> >I'm going to ingore RFC 2710 on this point. I do not send MLD for link
> >local multicast groups.
> 
> 	then your device will have trouble operating on coming switches
> 	that support MLD snooping, and it will be very difficult to
> 	track the issue down (extraordinary support load to your colleagues).
> 	i suggest you to follow RFC2710.

Although, I don't see much sense in using MLD other link local
multicast groups, I'm here primarily talking about the solicited node
groups. In my view, sending MLD on those is waste, because the *SAME*
information is quite clearly available to the "snoopers" from the
neighbor discovery traffic (DAD, NA, NS).

In my system MLD is a separate component, I would like to be able to
use IPv6 stack *without* MLD. (Which it does quite well, unless these
layer-2 kludges come in and  mess things).


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug 27 08:23:11 2002
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au'" <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>,
        James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: Youn-Hee Han <yhhan@disys.korea.ac.kr>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 14:13:49 +0200
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  > We may have to talk in NEMO about the authorization
  > of route optimization with extended mode HMIPv6.
  > Since it seems that the current MIP authorization
  > mechanisms fail if you have a one (R)CoA to many
  > MN relationship.
  > 
  > If Extended Mode HMIPv6 is useful, then it will
  > still have to overcome this issue whether here or
  > in the other place (NEMO).
  > 
  > Hesham,
  > 
  > How do you see the future of HMIPv6 extended mode in
  > Mobile-ip WG?

=> Well, of course I'll take it out if everyone wants 
it out, but I have to clarify the original intention
for extended mode. This was not only done for mobile 
networks, but the support for mobile networks was seen
as an added advantage. After the recent changes in the MIPv6
spec, and the changes that we were planning for the draft,
I think the other main advantage of extended mode is 
that it will remove the extra tunnel if packets are
forwarded by the HA. So if the MN is communicating with
a CN that does not implement RO or doesn't want to perform
RR, there would still be one tunnel only with Extended mode, 
whereas with Basic mode, the packet will be tunnelled 
twice, once by the HA and then by the MAP. 
So that's one of the main reasons for having both options.
Especially since they make very little difference to the
MN implementation (in the next revision of the draft anyway).

So do you still think it's not needed? We should really 
consider this carefully. I think there are 2 options:

1. Remove Extended mode
2. Keep it but remove any reference to mobile networks

I'm fine with either one as long as we consider the consequences. 
2) is probably less drastic IMHO.

Hesham


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To: hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se> 
> 1. Remove Extended mode
> 2. Keep it but remove any reference to mobile networks
> 
> I'm fine with either one as long as we consider the consequences. 
> 2) is probably less drastic IMHO.

I would like to see the references to mobile networks kept in the
document as long as NEMO doesn't become a WG, but **ALL** references
moved to the annex.

In the present draft, it's really unclear to understand what extended
mode is for because there are always references to mobile networks
from place to places. In one single section, two distinct uses are
described at once: Extended Mode for MN and Extended Mode for a mobile
network. From a reader's point of view, it's tough.
 
I would recommend to describe what is extended mode without references
to mobile networks, and to describe in the annex a possible use of
extended mode for mobiles networks. 

Another solution is to write a separate draft for mobile networks
using extended mode, but for sure I would like to see this work in
some document.


Thierry



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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Thierry Ernst'" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        "Hesham Soliman (EAB)"
	 <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 14:48:16 +0200
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  > From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se> 
  > > 1. Remove Extended mode
  > > 2. Keep it but remove any reference to mobile networks
  > > 
  > > I'm fine with either one as long as we consider the consequences. 
  > > 2) is probably less drastic IMHO.
  > 
  > I would like to see the references to mobile networks kept in the
  > document as long as NEMO doesn't become a WG, but **ALL** references
  > moved to the annex.
  > 
  > In the present draft, it's really unclear to understand 
  > what extended
  > mode is for because there are always references to mobile networks
  > from place to places. In one single section, two distinct uses are
  > described at once: Extended Mode for MN and Extended Mode 
  > for a mobile
  > network. From a reader's point of view, it's tough.

=> Agreed with all of the above.

  >  
  > I would recommend to describe what is extended mode without 
  > references
  > to mobile networks, and to describe in the annex a possible use of
  > extended mode for mobiles networks. 
  > 
  > Another solution is to write a separate draft for mobile networks
  > using extended mode, but for sure I would like to see this work in
  > some document.

=> Makes sense, this was basically my intention with
2) above. So we can describe Extended mode and put all
the mobile networks stuff in another draft or in the 
appendix. 

Is this ok with everyone?

Hesham


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From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com'" <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] new IPR statement
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 15:18:25 +0200
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As promised before IETF, here is the new IPR
statement for hmipv6.

http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/ERICSSON-hmipv6.txt

Hesham


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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "Hesham Soliman \(EAB\)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>,
        "'Thierry Ernst'" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 09:29:09 -0700
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Agree, but I would like to see the mobile networks work be in a separate draft.

            jak

----- Original Message -----
From: "Hesham Soliman (EAB)" <hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>
To: "'Thierry Ernst'" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>; "Hesham Soliman (EAB)"
<hesham.soliman@era.ericsson.se>; <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Tuesday, August 27, 2002 5:48 AM
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] LMM requirements: security issue


> => Agreed with all of the above.
>
>   >
>   > I would recommend to describe what is extended mode without
>   > references
>   > to mobile networks, and to describe in the annex a possible use of
>   > extended mode for mobiles networks.
>   >
>   > Another solution is to write a separate draft for mobile networks
>   > using extended mode, but for sure I would like to see this work in
>   > some document.
>
> => Makes sense, this was basically my intention with
> 2) above. So we can describe Extended mode and put all
> the mobile networks stuff in another draft or in the
> appendix.
>
> Is this ok with everyone?
>
> Hesham
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug 27 15:08:14 2002
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Re: MIPv6 Draft 18 Comments
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> 
> > Ok. Then this is valid for CN case, but not for HA case. How should HA
> > react if it receives a BU without BAD or IPsec (or any other security
> > mechanism in future) ?  
> 
> 
> 
> I prefer just dropping the BU. there is no need for the HA to send
> a BA with yet another error status.
> 


I am ok with HA dropping the BU in the absence of any security association.
Perhaps HA should log the event, but this is implementation specific.

-Samita



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From: Phil Roberts <PRoberts@megisto.com>
To: IETF WG Participants: ;
Subject: [mobile-ip] Nomcom call for volunteers
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 14:44:44 -0400
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The members of the IESG and IAB and the IETF chair are selected
by a nominations committee made up of volunteers from the
IETF community.  The nominations committee is now in the process
of being formed and volunteers are being accepted until Sep 6.
Please see (http://www.ietf.org/nomcom/msg19765.html)
for information if you are interested in volunteering 
to be on the nominations committee.


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Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 23:38:53 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Yukiyo Akisada <Yukiyo.Akisada@jp.yokogawa.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] calclating Authenticator field
References: <20020827105536.7b9f4f32.Yukiyo.Akisada@jp.yokogawa.com>
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Yukiyo Akisada wrote:
> Hi, all.
> 
> I have one question about calclating Authenticator field.
> 
> <draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-18.txt> says,
> 
>     5.2.6. Applying Return Routability for Correspondent Bindings
>     ----------------------------------------------------------------
>                                        "BU" is the content of the
>     Binding Update message, excluding (1) the IP header, (2) any
>     extension headers between the IP header the Mobility Header,
>     and (3) the Authenticator field inside the Binding Update.
> 
> Does (3) mean that BU contains Type and Len field in Binding Authorization Data,
> or not contain them ?

It does contain even the beginning of the MH. Perhaps the text should
say "... the content of the Binding Update *packet*, excluding..."
to clarify that we are not just talking about the BU itself?

Jari




From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Tue Aug 27 17:04:28 2002
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Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 17:04:24 -0400
From: John Wells <wells@ieee.org>
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] Mobile IP dynamic home address assignment
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Hi all,

Section 5.1 of the Mobile AAA requirements RFC (2977) talks about the 
ability to dynamically assign a home address to a mobile node.  The 
Diameter draft describes a way to assign a home agent, but is it possible 
for a mobile node to leave blank its home address so the home agent can 
assign it? 

Thanks,
John

-- 
John Wells, Virginia Tech Networking Lab
(tel) +1 540 231-8347 (web) http://www.ee.vt.edu/~wells


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From: "Alper E. YEGIN" <alper@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: "John Wells" <wells@ieee.org>, <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
References: <20020827170424.A1072@io.irean.vt.edu>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Mobile IP dynamic home address assignment
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 14:15:08 -0700
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> Hi all,
>
> Section 5.1 of the Mobile AAA requirements RFC (2977) talks about the
> ability to dynamically assign a home address to a mobile node.  The
> Diameter draft describes a way to assign a home agent, but is it possible
> for a mobile node to leave blank its home address so the home agent can
> assign it?


Yes, please see RFC2794 Mobile IP Network Access Identifier Extension for
IPv4.


   Since the NAI is typically used to uniquely identify the mobile node,
   the mobile node's home address is not always necessary to provide
   that function.  Thus, it is possible for a mobile node to
   authenticate itself, and be authorized for connection to the foreign
   domain, without even having a home address.  A message containing the
   Mobile Node NAI extension MAY set the Home Address field to zero (0)
   in the Registration Request, to request that a home address be
   assigned.


alper



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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Routing for Wireless/Mobile Hosts Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Problem Statement and Requirements for Mobile IPv4 
                          Traversal Across IPsec-based VPN Gateways
	Author(s)	: A. Patel et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req-00.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 2002-8-27
	
Mobile IP [1] agents are being deployed in enterprise networks, 
to enable mobile users with network mobility across wired and 
wireless LANs while roaming inside the enterprise firewall.  
With the growing deployment of multi-subnetted IEEE 802.11 
networks (referred as hot spots) in public places such as 
hotels, airports, and convention centers, and wireless WAN data 
networks such as GPRS, the need for enabling mobile users to 
maintain their transport connections and constant reachability 
while connecting back to their target 'home' networks protected 
by Virtual Private Network (VPN) technology  is increasing.  
This implies that Mobile IP and VPN  technologies have to 
coexist  and  co-function  in  order  to  provide  mobility  and 
security to the enterprise mobile users.  
The goal of this  draft is threefold. The first is to describe 
possible  deployment  scenarios  for  Mobile  IP  and  VPN  in 
enterprise  and  operator  environments.    The  second  is  to 
identify example usage scenarios for enterprise users roaming 
outside the 'home' network (e.g., corporate Intranet), and 
articulate  the  problems  resulting  from  Mobile  IP  and  VPN 
coexistence.  The  third  is  to  specify  a  set  of  framework 
requirements to evaluate proposed solutions, supporting multi-
vendor seamless IPv4 mobility across IPsec-based VPN Gateways.  
Hereafter, a 'VPN' term in this draft refers to an IPsec-based 
VPN Gateway.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug 28 10:36:59 2002
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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 10:36:35 -0400
To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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I have two comments on
draft-ietf-mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req-00.txt.

First, I'm not sure the model explained in Figure 3.2c (the MN in
non-trusted FA region) is a valid one.  If there is no trust
relationship or security association between the FA in an outside
network and the HA in the enterprise network, Mobile IP registration
is not possible between the FA and HA regardless of whether Mobile IP
runs over VPN or not.  So it seems that we do not have to consider
this scenario.

Second, Problem 2 in section 4 can be solved if we use Mobile IP over
IPsec over PPP over L2TP, where an IPsec tunnel is created in the
enterprise address space, if the mobile proposes to use the same IP
address in the enterprise space during the PPP IPCP negotiation (and
the VPN gateway accepts the IP address) each time the L2TP tunnel is
re-established when handoff occurs.  This can eliminate the need for
re-negotiating the IPsec SA when handoff occurs, since the IP address
used by the IPsec tunnel does not change.  This may not be pure
IPsec-based VPN, but still Mobile IP over IPsec.  Are there any reason
for focusing on IPsec-based VPN?  I think it would be more useful if
the draft is written in more generic manner so that the considration
is applicable to other VPN methods also.

Regards,
Yoshihiro Ohba


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To: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, ipsec@lists.tislabs.com
From: "G. Noubir" <noubir@ccs.neu.edu>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Wireless Security workshop -- advance registration deadline
  soon [August 31]
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Advance registration deadline soon
(visit http://www.crhc.uiuc.edu/~nhv/wise for more information)
---------------------------------------------------------------




                         Call for Participation

                ACM Workshop on Wireless Security (WiSe)

                        in conjunction with
                         ACM MobiCom 2002

                        September 28, 2002
                       Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A.

                  http://www.crhc.uiuc.edu/~nhv/wise

                       Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE

A workshop on wireless security will be held in conjunction with
ACM MobiCom 2002. The objective of this workshop is to bring together
researchers from research communities in wireless networking,
security, and dependability, with the goal of fostering interaction among
them. With the increasing reliance on wireless networks, issues related to
secure and dependable operation of such networks are gaining importance.

For registration information, please visit http://www.crhc.uiuc.edu/~nhv/wise

Preliminary Program
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paper Session 1 (8:30 - 10:00 a.m.)
Session Chair: David B. Johnson (Rice University)


Securing Ad-Hoc Routing Protocols,
   Manel Guerrero Zapata and N. Asokan (Nokia Research Center, Finland)

Self-Organized Network Layer Security in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,
   Hao Yang, Xiaoqiao Meng and Songwu Lu (University of California at Los 
Angeles)

An On-Demand Secure Routing Protocol Resilent to Byzantine Failures,
   Baruch Awerbuch, David Holmer, Cristina Nita-Rotaru
   and Herbert Rubens (Johns Hopkins University)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Poster Session (10:15 - 11:15 a.m.)

Self-Organized Public-Key Management in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks,
   S. Capkun, L. Buttyan and J.-P. Hubaux
   (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - Lausanne)

Providing Multi-Layer Security Support for Wireless Communications
Across Multiple Domains,
   J. Kong, M. Gerla, R. Gadh, B. S. Prahbu
   (University of California, Los Angeles)

Reflection: Secure, Lightweight Wireless Network Administration,
   J. W. Mickens, B. D. Noble, A. J. Lanzone, K.-Y. Tye
   (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor)

Risk Based Probabilistic Routing for Ad-Hoc Networks,
   Z. Yu, T. Jiang, X. Wu and W. A. Arbaugh
   (University of Maryland, College Park)

Performance Evaluation of Secure Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,
   P. Papadimitratos and Z. J. Haas (Cornell University)

Security Protocol for Charging and Participation Incentive in Ad Hoc Stub 
Network,
   B. Lamparter, K. Paul, D. Westhoff (NEC Europe Ltd.)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Invited Presentations (11:15 a.m. - 12:15 p.m.)
Session Chair: Brian Van Leeuwen (Sandia National Laboratories)

Information Assurance and Research Opportunities,
   Douglas Maughan, Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency

Perspectives on Wireless Security,
   Taieb Znati, National Science Foundation and University of Pittsburgh

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paper Session 2 (1:30 - 3:00 p.m.)
Session Chair: Chip Elliott (BBN Technologies)

Survivable Mobile Wireless Networks: Issues, Challenges, and Research 
Directions,
   Rajesh Krishnan, Regina Rosales Hain, Alden W. Jackson,
   David Levin, Ram Ramanathan, John Zao and James P. G. Sterbenz (BBN 
Technologies)

Secure Wireless Gateway,
   Austin Godber and Partha Dasgupta (Arizona State University)

DoS and Authentication in Wireless Public Access Networks,
   Daniel B. Faria and David R. Cheriton (Stanford University)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paper Session 3 (3:30 - 5:30 p.m.)
Session Chair: Yair Amir (Johns Hopkins University)

A Distributed Monitoring Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks,
   Chih-fan Hsin and Mingyan Liu (University of Michigan at Ann Arbor)

Using Signal Processing to Analyze Wireless Data Traffic,
   Craig Partridge, David Cousins, Alden W. Jackson, Rajesh Krishnan,
   Tushar Saxena, and W. Timothy Strayer (BBN Technologies)

Securing IPv6 Neighor Discovery,
   Jari Arkko (Ericsson Research NomadicLab),
   Tuomas Aura (Microsoft Research Cambridge), James Kempf (DoCoMoLabs 
U.S.A.),
   Vesa-Matti Mantyla, Pekka Nikander (Ericsson Research NomadicLab)
   and Michael Roe (Microsoft Research Cambridge)

Performance Analysis of Elliptic Curve Cryptography for SSL,
   Vipul Gupta, Sumit Gupta, Sheueling Chang
   and Douglas Stebila (Sun Microsystems)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



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From: "Qiang Zhang" <qzhang@aber-networks.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, "Yoshihiro Ohba" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>
Cc: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>,
        "Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, <kleung@cisco.com>,
        "'Milind Kulkarni'" <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, <alpesh@cisco.com>,
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References: <20020828143635.GA1307@catfish>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 11:08:35 -0400
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Yoshihiro,

Some comments below, thanks

Qiang

----- Original Message -----
From: "Yoshihiro Ohba" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Sent: Wednesday, August 28, 2002 10:36 AM
Subject: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req


> I have two comments on
> draft-ietf-mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req-00.txt.
>
> First, I'm not sure the model explained in Figure 3.2c (the MN in
> non-trusted FA region) is a valid one.  If there is no trust
> relationship or security association between the FA in an outside
> network and the HA in the enterprise network, Mobile IP registration
> is not possible between the FA and HA regardless of whether Mobile IP
> runs over VPN or not.  So it seems that we do not have to consider
> this scenario.

==> Non-trusted FA refers to the scenario that the FA outside has no any SA
with enterprise network (e.g. VPN gateway at the border).   Thus the MN, in
order to work with HA, is responsible for setting up the VPN connection in
order to tunnel MIP traffic through the VPN gateway and reach the HA.

In addtion an offnote, as a matter of fact, if the HA allowes, FA-HA SA such
as MD5 binding is optional.

>
> Second, Problem 2 in section 4 can be solved if we use Mobile IP over
> IPsec over PPP over L2TP, where an IPsec tunnel is created in the
> enterprise address space, if the mobile proposes to use the same IP
> address in the enterprise space during the PPP IPCP negotiation (and
> the VPN gateway accepts the IP address) each time the L2TP tunnel is
> re-established when handoff occurs.  This can eliminate the need for
> re-negotiating the IPsec SA when handoff occurs, since the IP address
> used by the IPsec tunnel does not change.  This may not be pure
> IPsec-based VPN, but still Mobile IP over IPsec.  Are there any reason
> for focusing on IPsec-based VPN?  I think it would be more useful if
> the draft is written in more generic manner so that the considration
> is applicable to other VPN methods also.

==>The problem statement tends to collect problematic scenarios which MIP
may have difficulty working with properly. Reason to put IPsec because there
are other VPNs around such as MPLS (if they do consider it a VPN) and L2TP.
This scenario you depicted uses L2TP as tunneling mechanism for IPsec VPN,
maybe considered as a solution which will go in different drafts.

>
> Regards,
> Yoshihiro Ohba
>



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug 28 11:52:32 2002
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From: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
To: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] More on HMIPv6 Extended Mode
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So I believe we've agreed to move the routing related material out of the main
body of the text.

But the issue of how to deal with security in Extended Mode remains. Anybody
have any ideas?


            jak



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug 28 13:56:27 2002
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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 13:56:02 -0400
From: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
Organization: Tru64 UNIX Networking
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: [mobile-ip] Home bindings when L=0
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There seems to be a problem in Section 10.2 of the Mobile IPv6 draft
regarding which addresses should be defended for Home bindings.
There is a paragraph that tells what to do when S=0/1 and L=0/1, the
problem is that when L=0 we should only defend the given home
address in the BU since we cannot derive the interface id from the
address to construct other addresses (for example, the MN is using
a private address).

So I propose that this section can be compressed to three cases:

"The specific addresses which are to be tested before accepting the
  Binding Update, and later to be defended by performing Duplicate
  Address Detection, depend on the settings of the `S' and `L' bits, as
  follows:

    -  L=0:  Defend the given address.  The 'S' bit is ignored in this case
        since we cannot derive other on-link addresses without knowing
        the interface identifier (IID).

    -  S=0 & L=1:  Defend all non link-local unicast addresses possible
       on link and the derived link-local.

    -  S=1 & L=1:  Defend both the given non link-local unicast (home)
       address and the derived link-local."

Furthermore, in Section 11.6.1, the paragraph on setting S=0 should
be updated to say that L MUST be 1 in this case or S will be ignored.
BTW, the very next paragraph (about the L-bit) makes the
recommendation that the L-bit SHOULD NOT be set if using RFC
3041 addresses, maybe that should change to MUST NOT since we
should not defend a link-local address derived from that type of
global address.

I talked with Vlad Yasevich about this, who originally proposed the
L-bit, and this was his intention when he proposed it.

Any comments?

-Brian



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug 28 15:01:46 2002
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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 14:52:55 -0400
To: Qiang Zhang <qzhang@aber-networks.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, Yoshihiro Ohba <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>,
        "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>,
        "Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
        "'Milind Kulkarni'" <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
        jlau@cup.hp.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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	mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
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Qiang,

Thank you for your reply.

On Wed, Aug 28, 2002 at 11:08:35AM -0400, Qiang Zhang wrote:

> ==> Non-trusted FA refers to the scenario that the FA outside has no any SA
> with enterprise network (e.g. VPN gateway at the border).   Thus the MN, in
> order to work with HA, is responsible for setting up the VPN connection in
> order to tunnel MIP traffic through the VPN gateway and reach the HA.
> 
> In addtion an offnote, as a matter of fact, if the HA allowes, FA-HA SA such
> as MD5 binding is optional.

OK.  But I still do not understand this usage, because when we use VPN
we usually assume that all packets (including Mobile IP) in the
enterprise address space are transparently carried over the VPN tunnel
through the Internet.  So why the untrusted FA outside the enterprise
network should involve Mobile IP running inside the enterprise network
through VPN?

> 
> >
> > Second, Problem 2 in section 4 can be solved if we use Mobile IP over
> > IPsec over PPP over L2TP, where an IPsec tunnel is created in the
> > enterprise address space, if the mobile proposes to use the same IP
> > address in the enterprise space during the PPP IPCP negotiation (and
> > the VPN gateway accepts the IP address) each time the L2TP tunnel is
> > re-established when handoff occurs.  This can eliminate the need for
> > re-negotiating the IPsec SA when handoff occurs, since the IP address
> > used by the IPsec tunnel does not change.  This may not be pure
> > IPsec-based VPN, but still Mobile IP over IPsec.  Are there any reason
> > for focusing on IPsec-based VPN?  I think it would be more useful if
> > the draft is written in more generic manner so that the considration
> > is applicable to other VPN methods also.
> 
> ==>The problem statement tends to collect problematic scenarios which MIP
> may have difficulty working with properly. Reason to put IPsec because there
> are other VPNs around such as MPLS (if they do consider it a VPN) and L2TP.
> This scenario you depicted uses L2TP as tunneling mechanism for IPsec VPN,
> maybe considered as a solution which will go in different drafts.

OK.  Then I think such an explanation about why the draft focuses on
IPsec-based VPN would be helpful.

Thanks,
Yoshihiro Ohba


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug 28 15:24:38 2002
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From: "Qiang Zhang" <qzhang@aber-networks.com>
To: "Yoshihiro Ohba" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>, "Yoshihiro Ohba" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 15:23:37 -0400
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Yoshihiro,

Are you sending mails from Japan?

Regarding the first question, pls see comment

Thanks
Qiang
----- Original Message -----
From: "Yoshihiro Ohba" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>
To: "Qiang Zhang" <qzhang@aber-networks.com>
Cc: <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>; "Yoshihiro Ohba"
<yohba@tari.toshiba.com>; "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>; "Iyer,
Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>; <kleung@cisco.com>; "'Milind Kulkarni'"
<mkulkarn@cisco.com>; <alpesh@cisco.com>; <jlau@cup.hp.com>
Sent: Wednesday, August 28, 2002 2:52 PM
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req


>
> Qiang,
>
> Thank you for your reply.
>
> On Wed, Aug 28, 2002 at 11:08:35AM -0400, Qiang Zhang wrote:
>
> > ==> Non-trusted FA refers to the scenario that the FA outside has no any
SA
> > with enterprise network (e.g. VPN gateway at the border).   Thus the MN,
in
> > order to work with HA, is responsible for setting up the VPN connection
in
> > order to tunnel MIP traffic through the VPN gateway and reach the HA.
> >
> > In addtion an offnote, as a matter of fact, if the HA allowes, FA-HA SA
such
> > as MD5 binding is optional.
>
> OK.  But I still do not understand this usage, because when we use VPN
> we usually assume that all packets (including Mobile IP) in the
> enterprise address space are transparently carried over the VPN tunnel
> through the Internet.  So why the untrusted FA outside the enterprise
> network should involve Mobile IP running inside the enterprise network
> through VPN?

==> When the FA is in the middle( like below) and MN is the VPN tunnel end,
apparently FA who is adding
the MIP tunnel will intervene the VPN tunnel between MN and VPNGW.

MN---FA  ------------------------VPNGW----HA



>
> >
> > >
> > > Second, Problem 2 in section 4 can be solved if we use Mobile IP over
> > > IPsec over PPP over L2TP, where an IPsec tunnel is created in the
> > > enterprise address space, if the mobile proposes to use the same IP
> > > address in the enterprise space during the PPP IPCP negotiation (and
> > > the VPN gateway accepts the IP address) each time the L2TP tunnel is
> > > re-established when handoff occurs.  This can eliminate the need for
> > > re-negotiating the IPsec SA when handoff occurs, since the IP address
> > > used by the IPsec tunnel does not change.  This may not be pure
> > > IPsec-based VPN, but still Mobile IP over IPsec.  Are there any reason
> > > for focusing on IPsec-based VPN?  I think it would be more useful if
> > > the draft is written in more generic manner so that the considration
> > > is applicable to other VPN methods also.
> >
> > ==>The problem statement tends to collect problematic scenarios which
MIP
> > may have difficulty working with properly. Reason to put IPsec because
there
> > are other VPNs around such as MPLS (if they do consider it a VPN) and
L2TP.
> > This scenario you depicted uses L2TP as tunneling mechanism for IPsec
VPN,
> > maybe considered as a solution which will go in different drafts.
>
> OK.  Then I think such an explanation about why the draft focuses on
> IPsec-based VPN would be helpful.
>
> Thanks,
> Yoshihiro Ohba
>



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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 13:45:07 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>
CC: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Home bindings when L=0
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it would be nice to separate the 'L' bit and the 'S' bit.

so, heres another suggestion. what if we specify "the MN MUST
set L=0 and S=1 if it is using RFC 3041 generated home address"

when the MN sets the L=1 or S=0, the HA blindly derives other
addresses and defend them.

Vijay

ps: Brian, I am fine with your suggestions too.

Brian Haley wrote:

> There seems to be a problem in Section 10.2 of the Mobile IPv6 draft
> regarding which addresses should be defended for Home bindings.
> There is a paragraph that tells what to do when S=0/1 and L=0/1, the
> problem is that when L=0 we should only defend the given home
> address in the BU since we cannot derive the interface id from the
> address to construct other addresses (for example, the MN is using
> a private address).
> 
> So I propose that this section can be compressed to three cases:
> 
> "The specific addresses which are to be tested before accepting the
>   Binding Update, and later to be defended by performing Duplicate
>   Address Detection, depend on the settings of the `S' and `L' bits, as
>   follows:
> 
>     -  L=0:  Defend the given address.  The 'S' bit is ignored in this case
>         since we cannot derive other on-link addresses without knowing
>         the interface identifier (IID).
> 
>     -  S=0 & L=1:  Defend all non link-local unicast addresses possible
>        on link and the derived link-local.
> 
>     -  S=1 & L=1:  Defend both the given non link-local unicast (home)
>        address and the derived link-local."
> 
> Furthermore, in Section 11.6.1, the paragraph on setting S=0 should
> be updated to say that L MUST be 1 in this case or S will be ignored.
> BTW, the very next paragraph (about the L-bit) makes the
> recommendation that the L-bit SHOULD NOT be set if using RFC
> 3041 addresses, maybe that should change to MUST NOT since we
> should not defend a link-local address derived from that type of
> global address.
> 
> I talked with Vlad Yasevich about this, who originally proposed the
> L-bit, and this was his intention when he proposed it.
> 
> Any comments?
> 
> -Brian
> 
> 




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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Home bindings when L=0
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:

> it would be nice to separate the 'L' bit and the 'S' bit.

But they are tied together because S=0 relies on being able to
know the IID to derive the other addresses from it.

> so, heres another suggestion. what if we specify "the MN MUST
> set L=0 and S=1 if it is using RFC 3041 generated home address"

That's fine with me, but we also have to specify what to do if
we see the invalid setting, we shouldn't need to drop the packet
for something like this.

> when the MN sets the L=1 or S=0, the HA blindly derives other
> addresses and defend them.

I would hope the HA isn't "blind" about what to do in all cases,
but I'm sure everyone's implementation of S=0 will vary slightly.
The way we figure it, it will take deployment to shake-out this
code anyways, although I'd rather get it right the first time...

> ps: Brian, I am fine with your suggestions too.

That's good :)

-Brian


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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 19:24:26 -0400
To: Qiang Zhang <qzhang@aber-networks.com>
Cc: Yoshihiro Ohba <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>,
        "Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
        "'Milind Kulkarni'" <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
        jlau@cup.hp.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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Qiang,

On Wed, Aug 28, 2002 at 03:23:37PM -0400, Qiang Zhang wrote:
> Yoshihiro,
> 
> Are you sending mails from Japan?
> 
> Regarding the first question, pls see comment
> 
> Thanks
> Qiang
> ----- Original Message -----
> 
> > OK.  But I still do not understand this usage, because when we use VPN
> > we usually assume that all packets (including Mobile IP) in the
> > enterprise address space are transparently carried over the VPN tunnel
> > through the Internet.  So why the untrusted FA outside the enterprise
> > network should involve Mobile IP running inside the enterprise network
> > through VPN?
> 
> ==> When the FA is in the middle( like below) and MN is the VPN tunnel end,
> apparently FA who is adding
> the MIP tunnel will intervene the VPN tunnel between MN and VPNGW.
> 
> MN---FA  ------------------------VPNGW----HA
> 

Although this does not answer to my question, I think we should 
not dig into this twisted model.  Instead, just running Mobile IP 
with co-located mode over VPN seems to be much cleaner.

Thanks,
Yoshihiro Ohba

P.S.  I'm sending emails from new jersey.



From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Wed Aug 28 20:15:05 2002
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From: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
To: "'Yoshihiro Ohba'" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>,
        Qiang Zhang
	 <qzhang@aber-networks.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com, "Iyer, Prakash"
	 <prakash.iyer@intel.com>,
        kleung@cisco.com, "'Milind Kulkarni'"
	 <mkulkarn@cisco.com>,
        alpesh@cisco.com, jlau@cup.hp.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 17:12:36 -0700
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Hello Yoshihiro,
Please see my comment below (marked by Farid Writes>).
thanks,
Farid


-----Original Message-----
From: Yoshihiro Ohba [mailto:yohba@tari.toshiba.com]
Sent: Wednesday, August 28, 2002 4:24 PM
To: Qiang Zhang
Cc: Yoshihiro Ohba; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Adrangi, Farid; Iyer,
Prakash; kleung@cisco.com; 'Milind Kulkarni'; alpesh@cisco.com; jlau@cup.hp.
com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req


Qiang,

On Wed, Aug 28, 2002 at 03:23:37PM -0400, Qiang Zhang wrote:
> Yoshihiro,
> 
> Are you sending mails from Japan?
> 
> Regarding the first question, pls see comment
> 
> Thanks
> Qiang
> ----- Original Message -----
> 
> > OK.  But I still do not understand this usage, because when we use VPN
> > we usually assume that all packets (including Mobile IP) in the
> > enterprise address space are transparently carried over the VPN tunnel
> > through the Internet.  So why the untrusted FA outside the enterprise
> > network should involve Mobile IP running inside the enterprise network
> > through VPN?
> 
> ==> When the FA is in the middle( like below) and MN is the VPN tunnel
end,
> apparently FA who is adding
> the MIP tunnel will intervene the VPN tunnel between MN and VPNGW.
> 
> MN---FA  ------------------------VPNGW----HA
> 

Although this does not answer to my question, I think we should 
not dig into this twisted model.  Instead, just running Mobile IP 
with co-located mode over VPN seems to be much cleaner.

Farid Writes > I guess the point here is that you cannot assume that
the MN outside the intranet can always use co-located mode over VPN.
MN may roam into a foreign network in which it MUST use FA services
to route MIP packets.

Thanks,
Yoshihiro Ohba

P.S.  I'm sending emails from new jersey.


From weilaiyang@yahoo.com.cn  Thu Aug 29 04:25:35 2002
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To: mobile-ip-dist@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Reply-To: weilaiyang@yahoo.com.cn
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Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2002 09:09:27 -0400
From: Vladislav Yasevich <Vladislav.Yasevich@hp.com>
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To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: Brian Haley <Brian.Haley@hp.com>, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Home bindings when L=0
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Vijay

Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
> it would be nice to separate the 'L' bit and the 'S' bit.
> 
> so, heres another suggestion. what if we specify "the MN MUST
> set L=0 and S=1 if it is using RFC 3041 generated home address"

This is fine with me as well, but hopefully this will not
get us into the rut of specifiying bit values for other different
address types.  That's my only concern...

> 
> Vijay
> 
> ps: Brian, I am fine with your suggestions too.

I agree with Brians' wording as well.  I must have missed this
inconsitency when the we were talking about the L bit.


-vlad

> 
> Brian Haley wrote:
> 
>> There seems to be a problem in Section 10.2 of the Mobile IPv6 draft
>> regarding which addresses should be defended for Home bindings.
>> There is a paragraph that tells what to do when S=0/1 and L=0/1, the
>> problem is that when L=0 we should only defend the given home
>> address in the BU since we cannot derive the interface id from the
>> address to construct other addresses (for example, the MN is using
>> a private address).
>>
>> So I propose that this section can be compressed to three cases:
>>
>> "The specific addresses which are to be tested before accepting the
>>   Binding Update, and later to be defended by performing Duplicate
>>   Address Detection, depend on the settings of the `S' and `L' bits, as
>>   follows:
>>
>>     -  L=0:  Defend the given address.  The 'S' bit is ignored in this 
>> case
>>         since we cannot derive other on-link addresses without knowing
>>         the interface identifier (IID).
>>
>>     -  S=0 & L=1:  Defend all non link-local unicast addresses possible
>>        on link and the derived link-local.
>>
>>     -  S=1 & L=1:  Defend both the given non link-local unicast (home)
>>        address and the derived link-local."
>>
>> Furthermore, in Section 11.6.1, the paragraph on setting S=0 should
>> be updated to say that L MUST be 1 in this case or S will be ignored.
>> BTW, the very next paragraph (about the L-bit) makes the
>> recommendation that the L-bit SHOULD NOT be set if using RFC
>> 3041 addresses, maybe that should change to MUST NOT since we
>> should not defend a link-local address derived from that type of
>> global address.
>>
>> I talked with Vlad Yasevich about this, who originally proposed the
>> L-bit, and this was his intention when he proposed it.
>>
>> Any comments?
>>
>> -Brian
>>
>>
> 
> 
> 
> 


-- 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Vladislav Yasevich	       Tru64 UNIX - IPv6 Project Lead
Hewlett Packard 	       Tel: (603) 884-1079
Nashua, NH 03062	       ZKO3-3/T07




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Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2002 10:39:26 -0400
To: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
Cc: "'Yoshihiro Ohba'" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>,
        Qiang Zhang <qzhang@aber-networks.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        "Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
        "'Milind Kulkarni'" <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
        jlau@cup.hp.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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Hello Farid,

> Farid Writes > I guess the point here is that you cannot assume that
> the MN outside the intranet can always use co-located mode over VPN.
> MN may roam into a foreign network in which it MUST use FA services
> to route MIP packets.

OK.  Basically, there is a phylosophycal conflict in Problem 2.  VPN
is used because the enterprise network needs to be logically separated
from the Internet.  On the other hand, Problem 2 of the draft is
trying to privide seamless connectivity with Mobile IP spread over the
enterprise network and the Internet as if those two networks were the
single network.  I don't believe both separation and seamless
connectivity can be achieved.

This makes me confused on what is the actual problem that Problem 2
addresses.  I think we can solve either (i) Mobile IP (in the
enterprise domain) over VPN, OR (ii) Mobile IP (in the enterprise
domain) over VPN over Mobile IP (in the provider domain), but cannot
solve seamless Mobile IP over VPN due to the phylosophycal conflict.

Anyway, I think Problem 2 requires more clarification.

Thanks,
Yoshihiro Ohba


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From: Behcet Sarikaya <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
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To: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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Hello Farid,
In addition to Yoshi's comments, I have some comments:
1. In section 2 on deployment scenarios, what about HA's address? Do you
assume that HA does not have a public address? Also HoA? Is it private?
If your answer is yes then you are talking about a private MIP network,
is it of interest to IETF?
2. In section 4.1 you state that your draft is not suggesting an IPsec
over MIP solution. Why not? I think that there are some commercial
products offering this.
3. For scenarios of 2.2 - 2.4, what does the draft offer as to IPsec
over MIP or MIP over IPsec?
4. I am just curious if it is at all possible to establish MIP from
somebody else's intranet, assuming no change to the present VPN solutions?

Regards,

--behcet



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Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2002 11:04:03 -0400
To: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>,
        "'Yoshihiro Ohba'" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>,
        Qiang Zhang <qzhang@aber-networks.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        "Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
        "'Milind Kulkarni'" <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
        jlau@cup.hp.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
Message-ID: <20020829150403.GB1999@catfish>
Mail-Followup-To: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>,
	'Yoshihiro Ohba' <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>,
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	mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
	"Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
	'Milind Kulkarni' <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
	jlau@cup.hp.com
References: <D9223EB959A5D511A98F00508B68C20C0F15AE7A@orsmsx108.jf.intel.com> <20020829143926.GA1631@catfish>
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Correction: Problem 2 -> Problem 1.

On Thu, Aug 29, 2002 at 10:39:26AM -0400, Yoshihiro Ohba wrote:
> Hello Farid,
> 
> > Farid Writes > I guess the point here is that you cannot assume that
> > the MN outside the intranet can always use co-located mode over VPN.
> > MN may roam into a foreign network in which it MUST use FA services
> > to route MIP packets.
> 
> OK.  Basically, there is a phylosophycal conflict in Problem 2.  VPN
> is used because the enterprise network needs to be logically separated
> from the Internet.  On the other hand, Problem 2 of the draft is
> trying to privide seamless connectivity with Mobile IP spread over the
> enterprise network and the Internet as if those two networks were the
> single network.  I don't believe both separation and seamless
> connectivity can be achieved.
> 
> This makes me confused on what is the actual problem that Problem 2
> addresses.  I think we can solve either (i) Mobile IP (in the
> enterprise domain) over VPN, OR (ii) Mobile IP (in the enterprise
> domain) over VPN over Mobile IP (in the provider domain), but cannot
> solve seamless Mobile IP over VPN due to the phylosophycal conflict.
> 
> Anyway, I think Problem 2 requires more clarification.
> 
> Thanks,
> Yoshihiro Ohba
> 


From owner-mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com  Thu Aug 29 11:54:51 2002
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Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2002 18:53:36 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Home bindings when L=0
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I agree with Brian's suggestion for 10.2 and 11.6.1. A
few comments on the discussion:

Vijay wrote:

>so, heres another suggestion. what if we specify "the MN MUST
>set L=0 and S=1 if it is using RFC 3041 generated home address

Yes, we should make this explicit in 11.6.1.

Brian wrote:

> That's fine with me, but we also have to specify what to do if
> we see the invalid setting, we shouldn't need to drop the packet
> for something like this.

We can't tell if the MN did this wrong, because we can't tell
3041 addresses from other addresses. However, the HA can receive
an L=0 and S=0 which is in a way invalid. But your new 3-entry
table already takes care of this, as it doesn't consider the S bit
at all if L=0. So we should be OK now.

Jari





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From: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
To: "'Yoshihiro Ohba'" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>
Cc: Qiang Zhang <qzhang@aber-networks.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        "Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
        "'Milind Kulkarni'" <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
        jlau@cup.hp.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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Hello Yoshihiro,
Please see my replies below.
Best regards,
Farid

-----Original Message-----
From: Yoshihiro Ohba [mailto:yohba@tari.toshiba.com]
Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2002 7:39 AM
To: Adrangi, Farid
Cc: 'Yoshihiro Ohba'; Qiang Zhang; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Iyer,
Prakash; kleung@cisco.com; 'Milind Kulkarni'; alpesh@cisco.com; jlau@cup.hp.
com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req


Hello Farid,

> Farid Writes > I guess the point here is that you cannot assume that
> the MN outside the intranet can always use co-located mode over VPN.
> MN may roam into a foreign network in which it MUST use FA services
> to route MIP packets.

OK.  Basically, there is a phylosophycal conflict in Problem 2.  VPN
is used because the enterprise network needs to be logically separated
from the Internet.  On the other hand, Problem 2 of the draft is
trying to privide seamless connectivity with Mobile IP spread over the
enterprise network and the Internet as if those two networks were the
single network.  I don't believe both separation and seamless
connectivity can be achieved.

Farid Writes > Why is so?  why do you think that is not achievable?
We are treating the two network (intranet and interent) as a single
network from Mobile IP perspective, but there are still separated
from each other (in this case, by an IPsec-based VPN gateway).  In
other words, MNs roaming outside will still need a secure way to 
access resources inside the intranet.

This makes me confused on what is the actual problem that Problem 2
addresses.  I think we can solve either (i) Mobile IP (in the
enterprise domain) over VPN, OR (ii) Mobile IP (in the enterprise
domain) over VPN over Mobile IP (in the provider domain), but cannot
solve seamless Mobile IP over VPN due to the phylosophycal conflict.

FArid Writes> I think here you are again jumping into the solution 
space (i.e.,  what is doable or not doable).  Here we are trying to define 
a problem statement pertaining to MObile IP and IPsec-based VPN
co-existence.

Anyway, I think Problem 2 requires more clarification.

FArid Writes > Ok.  Perhaps, you can help us understand exactly what
clarification needs to be done.

Thanks,
Yoshihiro Ohba


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To: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
Cc: "'Yoshihiro Ohba'" <yohba@tari.toshiba.com>,
        Qiang Zhang <qzhang@aber-networks.com>, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        "Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
        "'Milind Kulkarni'" <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
        jlau@cup.hp.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
Message-ID: <20020829185335.GB657@catfish>
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	mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
	"Iyer, Prakash" <prakash.iyer@intel.com>, kleung@cisco.com,
	'Milind Kulkarni' <mkulkarn@cisco.com>, alpesh@cisco.com,
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References: <D9223EB959A5D511A98F00508B68C20C0F15AE7E@orsmsx108.jf.intel.com>
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Farid,

Please see my comments below.

On Thu, Aug 29, 2002 at 11:07:00AM -0700, Adrangi, Farid wrote:
> Hello Yoshihiro,
> Please see my replies below.
> Best regards,
> Farid
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yoshihiro Ohba [mailto:yohba@tari.toshiba.com]
> Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2002 7:39 AM
> To: Adrangi, Farid
> Cc: 'Yoshihiro Ohba'; Qiang Zhang; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com; Iyer,
> Prakash; kleung@cisco.com; 'Milind Kulkarni'; alpesh@cisco.com; jlau@cup.hp.
> com
> Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
> 
> 
> Hello Farid,
> 
> > Farid Writes > I guess the point here is that you cannot assume that
> > the MN outside the intranet can always use co-located mode over VPN.
> > MN may roam into a foreign network in which it MUST use FA services
> > to route MIP packets.
> 
> OK.  Basically, there is a phylosophycal conflict in Problem 2.  VPN
> is used because the enterprise network needs to be logically separated
> from the Internet.  On the other hand, Problem 2 of the draft is
> trying to privide seamless connectivity with Mobile IP spread over the
> enterprise network and the Internet as if those two networks were the
> single network.  I don't believe both separation and seamless
> connectivity can be achieved.
> 
> Farid Writes > Why is so?  why do you think that is not achievable?
> We are treating the two network (intranet and interent) as a single
> network from Mobile IP perspective, but there are still separated
> from each other (in this case, by an IPsec-based VPN gateway).  In
> other words, MNs roaming outside will still need a secure way to 
> access resources inside the intranet.

If the last sentence above is the goal, it is not necessarily to treat
intranet and interent as a single network from Mobile IP perspective.
For example, Mobile IP (in the enterprise domain) over VPN over Mobile
IP (in the provider domain) can solve the problem when the provider in
the visiting network forces FA services to the MN.  Perhaps Bahcet has
a similer view as mine.  The other issue is on security.  Allowing the
internal HA to communicate with external untrusted FA can be a
security hole which would be unacceptable for enterprise use.

> 
> This makes me confused on what is the actual problem that Problem 2
> addresses.  I think we can solve either (i) Mobile IP (in the
> enterprise domain) over VPN, OR (ii) Mobile IP (in the enterprise
> domain) over VPN over Mobile IP (in the provider domain), but cannot
> solve seamless Mobile IP over VPN due to the phylosophycal conflict.
> 
> FArid Writes> I think here you are again jumping into the solution 
> space (i.e.,  what is doable or not doable).  Here we are trying to define 
> a problem statement pertaining to MObile IP and IPsec-based VPN
> co-existence.
> 
> Anyway, I think Problem 2 requires more clarification.
> 
> FArid Writes > Ok.  Perhaps, you can help us understand exactly what
> clarification needs to be done.

Clarification is needed for why it is necessary to treat intranet and
interent as a single network for Mobile IP only, while non-MIP
services does not require that.

Thanks.

Yoshihiro Ohba


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From: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
To: "'Behcet Sarikaya'" <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2002 12:12:05 -0700
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Hello behcet,
Please see my replies (marked by Farid Writes>).
Please let me know if you still have any questions.
Best regards,
FArid

-----Original Message-----
From: Behcet Sarikaya [mailto:behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com]
Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2002 8:08 AM
To: Adrangi, Farid
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req


Hello Farid,
In addition to Yoshi's comments, I have some comments:
1. In section 2 on deployment scenarios, what about HA's address? Do you
assume that HA does not have a public address? Also HoA? Is it private?
If your answer is yes then you are talking about a private MIP network,
is it of interest to IETF?

Farid Writes>  It depends on which particular deployment scenario(s) you
are referring to in section 2.  For example, section 2.1 describes a 
deoployment scenario in which all HAs are inside intratnet protected 
by a VPN gateway.  In this case, you have a private MIP network (i.e.,
your intranet) -- and the mobility within the intranet is solved by 
RFC 3220.  However, enabling MN to roam outside the intranet, or
enabling MN to roam inside and outside the intranet might also be desried
-- this requires Mobile IP and VPN to co-exist, and this draft attempts
to describe the problems resulting from this co-existence.

2. In section 4.1 you state that your draft is not suggesting an IPsec
over MIP solution. Why not? I think that there are some commercial
products offering this.

Farid Writes > This is a problem statement draft -- we have tried to 
make it clear that we are not suggesting any solution (i.e., IPsec
over MIP or vice a versa).  

3. For scenarios of 2.2 - 2.4, what does the draft offer as to IPsec
over MIP or MIP over IPsec?

Farid Writes> The draf is NOT offering any solutions, but it is simply
defining
problems resulting from MObile IP and VPN co-existence.

4. I am just curious if it is at all possible to establish MIP from
somebody else's intranet, assuming no change to the present VPN solutions?

Farid Writes> That's someting that we need to discuss when we start
evaluating the solution proposals.

Regards,

--behcet


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Hello Farid,
Thanks for your reply. Two more quick questions:
1. Section 2.1 the draft states
This (i.e. private MIP network) can be considered a typical deployment
scenario in
enterprise environments with a large and growing number of mobile
users.
Is this really true? I would not say so.

2. In Section 4.1 on p.9 the draft states
It is important to note that the mobile node connecting to the
home network is forced to establish an IPsec tunnel SA to the
VPN gateway first.

This means that handover occurs first for VPN, which I think, defeats
the purpose of MIP.
What do you think?

Regards,


--behcet



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From: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
To: "'Behcet Sarikaya'" <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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Hello behcet,
Please see my replies below.  
regards,
FArid

-----Original Message-----
From: Behcet Sarikaya [mailto:behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com]
Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2002 12:50 PM
To: Adrangi, Farid
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req


Hello Farid,
Thanks for your reply. Two more quick questions:
1. Section 2.1 the draft states
This (i.e. private MIP network) can be considered a typical deployment
scenario in
enterprise environments with a large and growing number of mobile
users.
Is this really true? I would not say so.

Farid Writes > we said that based on feedback that we got from our and
some other large corporation IT folks.  If you think this will not be a
typical deployment scenario for large enterprise, then what do you think
the typical scenario would be?

2. In Section 4.1 on p.9 the draft states
It is important to note that the mobile node connecting to the
home network is forced to establish an IPsec tunnel SA to the
VPN gateway first.

This means that handover occurs first for VPN, which I think, defeats
the purpose of MIP.
What do you think?

Farid Writes >  This implies that IPsec needs to be re-negotiated as the MN
moves
 from one subnet to another -- which in turn impacts the overall handover
performance.
The solution proposal (whatever it is) needs to address this problem.  So,
you can
view this as a problem that needs to be addressed/solved.

Regards,


--behcet


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Subject: [mobile-ip] How to handle RoutingHeader Type zero 
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Draft 18 sections 4.1, 9.6, 11.2.3 and 14.7 explain why type 2 routing
headers are a good idea and how they should be validated. But the spec
does not say what the MN must do if a RH type 0 is received where a RH
type 2 is expected. As I read things (strictly) a type zero with a
LastSeg=HoA could go all the way through with less validation than a
type 2. 



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From:
http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/security-considerations-new.txt
"
15.7      Type 2 Routing Header

The definition of the Type 2 Routing Header is described in Section
6.4. This definition and the associated processing rules have been
chosen so that the header can not be used for what is traditionally
viewed as source routing. In particular, the IPv6 the Home Address in
the routing header will always have to be assigned to the home address
of the receiving node. Otherwise the packet will be dropped.

Generally, source routing has a number of security concerns. These
include the automatic reversal of unauthenticated source routes (which
is an issue for IPv4, but not for IPv6). Another concern is the
ability to use source routing to "jump" between nodes inside, as well
as outside a firewall. These security concerns are not issues in
Mobile IPv6, due to the rules mentioned above.

In essence the semantics of the type 2 routing header is the same as a
special form of IP-in-IP tunneling where the inner and outer source
addresses are the same.  This implies that a device which implements
filtering of packets should be able to distinguish between a Type 2
Routing header and other Routing headers, as required in section
8.3. This is necessary in order to allow Mobile IPv6 traffic while
still having the option to filter out other uses of Routing headers.
"

So are you suggesting that the spec make a recommendation that MNs 
MUST NOT process packets with RH type 0?

> 
> Draft 18 sections 4.1, 9.6, 11.2.3 and 14.7 explain why type 2 routing
> headers are a good idea and how they should be validated. But the spec
> does not say what the MN must do if a RH type 0 is received where a RH
> type 2 is expected. As I read things (strictly) a type zero with a
> LastSeg=HoA could go all the way through with less validation than a
> type 2. 
> 
> 



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From: Behcet Sarikaya <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
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To: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
CC: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
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Hi Farid,
I could not find any direct requirement in RFC 3220 for HAs to have a
public address (although there are implicit requirements such as dynamic
home agent discovery) however I could find the following requirement for
HAs in CDMA2000 Wireless IP standard (IS 835B):

The HA shall support basic MIP [RFC 2002-2006], reverse tunneling [RFC
3024], FAC [RFC 3012], and Mobile IP NAI Extension [RFC 2794]. In order
to provide public network access and to provide private network access
across the public network, the HA shall use a globally routable and
visible IP address.

Regards,

Adrangi, Farid wrote:

>Hello behcet,
>Please see my replies below.  
>regards,
>FArid
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Behcet Sarikaya [mailto:behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com]
>Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2002 12:50 PM
>To: Adrangi, Farid
>Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
>
>
>Hello Farid,
>Thanks for your reply. Two more quick questions:
>1. Section 2.1 the draft states
>This (i.e. private MIP network) can be considered a typical deployment
>scenario in
>enterprise environments with a large and growing number of mobile
>users.
>Is this really true? I would not say so.
>
>Farid Writes > we said that based on feedback that we got from our and
>some other large corporation IT folks.  If you think this will not be a
>typical deployment scenario for large enterprise, then what do you think
>the typical scenario would be?
>
>2. In Section 4.1 on p.9 the draft states
>It is important to note that the mobile node connecting to the
>home network is forced to establish an IPsec tunnel SA to the
>VPN gateway first.
>
>This means that handover occurs first for VPN, which I think, defeats
>the purpose of MIP.
>What do you think?
>
>Farid Writes >  This implies that IPsec needs to be re-negotiated as the MN
>moves
> from one subnet to another -- which in turn impacts the overall handover
>performance.
>The solution proposal (whatever it is) needs to address this problem.  So,
>you can
>view this as a problem that needs to be addressed/solved.
>
>Regards,
>
>
>--behcet
>

-- 
Behcet 





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From: "Adrangi, Farid" <farid.adrangi@intel.com>
To: "'Behcet Sarikaya'" <behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com>
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Hello Behcet,
Please see my reply below.  Please let me know
if you have any questions.
regards,
FArid

-----Original Message-----
From: Behcet Sarikaya [mailto:behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com]
Sent: Friday, August 30, 2002 8:57 AM
To: Adrangi, Farid
Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req


Hi Farid,
I could not find any direct requirement in RFC 3220 for HAs to have a
public address (although there are implicit requirements such as dynamic
home agent discovery) 

Farid Writes> That's right.  As I mentioned it before, you can provide IP 
mobility as per Mobile IP specifications [RFC3220] within the intranet (
a private address space). RFC3220 requires /assumes HAs to be *directly* 
reachable by the MNs -- that is, it does not provide any solutions
for middle-box (e.g., NAT, VPN) traversal.  In the Intranet case, the HAs
are 
directly reachable within the Intranet private address space (assuming
that there aren't any intervening NAT boxes).  


however I could find the following requirement for
HAs in CDMA2000 Wireless IP standard (IS 835B):

The HA shall support basic MIP [RFC 2002-2006], reverse tunneling [RFC
3024], FAC [RFC 3012], and Mobile IP NAI Extension [RFC 2794]. In order
to provide public network access and to provide private network access
across the public network, the HA shall use a globally routable and
visible IP address.

Farid Writes > I am not familiar with the requirement for HAs in CDMA2000,
so I can't tell you why they require HA to be reachable globally.

Regards,

Adrangi, Farid wrote:

>Hello behcet,
>Please see my replies below.  
>regards,
>FArid
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Behcet Sarikaya [mailto:behcet.sarikaya@alcatel.com]
>Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2002 12:50 PM
>To: Adrangi, Farid
>Cc: mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] comments on mobileip-vpn-problem-statement-req
>
>
>Hello Farid,
>Thanks for your reply. Two more quick questions:
>1. Section 2.1 the draft states
>This (i.e. private MIP network) can be considered a typical deployment
>scenario in
>enterprise environments with a large and growing number of mobile
>users.
>Is this really true? I would not say so.
>
>Farid Writes > we said that based on feedback that we got from our and
>some other large corporation IT folks.  If you think this will not be a
>typical deployment scenario for large enterprise, then what do you think
>the typical scenario would be?
>
>2. In Section 4.1 on p.9 the draft states
>It is important to note that the mobile node connecting to the
>home network is forced to establish an IPsec tunnel SA to the
>VPN gateway first.
>
>This means that handover occurs first for VPN, which I think, defeats
>the purpose of MIP.
>What do you think?
>
>Farid Writes >  This implies that IPsec needs to be re-negotiated as the MN
>moves
> from one subnet to another -- which in turn impacts the overall handover
>performance.
>The solution proposal (whatever it is) needs to address this problem.  So,
>you can
>view this as a problem that needs to be addressed/solved.
>
>Regards,
>
>
>--behcet
>

-- 
Behcet 



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Is there a recommended ordering of MH with respect to other header
types?

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Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] How to handle RoutingHeader Type zero 
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If a type zero gets through the filters then it's not obvious why the MN
need reject the packet, except perhaps that the final segment might not
be to a HoA which the MN isn't required to check for a type zero.

Section 9.6 seems to leave open the possibility that a type zero RH will
be sent by a CN ("For example, assuming ... if no other use...") but
Section 11.2.3 assumes that a MN will never receive a routing header
other than type 2.

Can anyone clarify the intent?

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com [mailto:Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com] 
>Sent: 30 August 2002 16:37
>To: Greg O'Shea; mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
>Subject: RE: [mobile-ip] How to handle RoutingHeader Type zero 
>
>
>
>From: 
>http://www.piuha.net/~jarkko/publications/mipv6/security-consid
erations-new.txt
>"
>15.7      Type 2 Routing Header
>
>The definition of the Type 2 Routing Header is described in 
>Section 6.4. This definition and the associated processing 
>rules have been chosen so that the header can not be used for 
>what is traditionally viewed as source routing. In particular, 
>the IPv6 the Home Address in the routing header will always 
>have to be assigned to the home address of the receiving node. 
>Otherwise the packet will be dropped.
>
>Generally, source routing has a number of security concerns. 
>These include the automatic reversal of unauthenticated source 
>routes (which is an issue for IPv4, but not for IPv6). Another 
>concern is the ability to use source routing to "jump" between 
>nodes inside, as well as outside a firewall. These security 
>concerns are not issues in Mobile IPv6, due to the rules 
>mentioned above.
>
>In essence the semantics of the type 2 routing header is the 
>same as a special form of IP-in-IP tunneling where the inner 
>and outer source addresses are the same.  This implies that a 
>device which implements filtering of packets should be able to 
>distinguish between a Type 2 Routing header and other Routing 
>headers, as required in section 8.3. This is necessary in 
>order to allow Mobile IPv6 traffic while still having the 
>option to filter out other uses of Routing headers. "
>
>So are you suggesting that the spec make a recommendation that MNs 
>MUST NOT process packets with RH type 0?
>
>> 
>> Draft 18 sections 4.1, 9.6, 11.2.3 and 14.7 explain why type 
>2 routing 
>> headers are a good idea and how they should be validated. 
>But the spec 
>> does not say what the MN must do if a RH type 0 is received 
>where a RH 
>> type 2 is expected. As I read things (strictly) a type zero with a 
>> LastSeg=HoA could go all the way through with less validation than a 
>> type 2.
>> 
>> 
>



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To: "Greg O'Shea" <gregos@microsoft.com>
CC: mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Ordering of Mobility Header
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as far as draft 18 is concerned, it is the final header (like ICMP).

if http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-piggyback-00.txt
goes through, MH would be the last extension header.

Vijay

Greg O'Shea wrote:

> Is there a recommended ordering of MH with respect to other header types?
> 




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Hi Greg!

The intent has been to use RH2, and only RH2, for MIPv6 (perhaps
we need to remove the text about "assuming ... if no other use...").

There's an open question, however. What does this mean for RH0.
Possible interpretations:

   (a) Orthogonal. For some other purpose, RH0 may also be used. If
       so, we may need some rules on how RH0 and RH2 work if they
       are applied together, and perhaps also some rules on
       home addresses appeaering in RH0.

   (b) Not at the same time. Forbid RH0 if RH2 appears in the packet.
       If for some obscure reason someone wants to use RH0, then
       the use of RO is not possible at the same time.

   (c) Not by MIPv6 MNs and CNs. Devices supporting MIPv6 CN or MN
       functionality may no longer support RH0 at all.

   (d) Deprecate. Thou shall not use RH0 at all.

Personally, I think the last one is the really right action but
I realize this isn't going to be agreed upon now ;-) Perhaps
the second option would be the way to go. Other opinions?

Jari



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Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2002 15:27:08 +0900
From: Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Ordering of Mobility Header
Cc: "Greg O'Shea" <gregos@microsoft.com>,
        mobile ip <mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com>
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Hi Vijay.

How about the ordering of Mobility options.
Is there any recommended ordering for options?

regards,
ryuji

> as far as draft 18 is concerned, it is the final header (like ICMP).
> 
> if http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobileip-piggyback-00.txt
> goes through, MH would be the last extension header.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Greg O'Shea wrote:
> 
> > Is there a recommended ordering of MH with respect to other header types?
> > 

-- 
Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>



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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Cc: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Greg O'Shea" <gregos@microsoft.com>,
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Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] Ordering of Mobility Header
References: <D141C8A677C8054DA2879B7FEE22CF1C033C36A0@TVP-MSG-01.europe.corp.microsoft.com> <3D6FB114.8050806@iprg.nokia.com> <20020831152457.0A56.RYUJI@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Ryuji Wakikawa wrote:

> How about the ordering of Mobility options.
> Is there any recommended ordering for options?

I don't think we have said anything about the order,
i.e., any order is legal. I don't think we should
recommend anything unless it would also be a mandatory
fixed order.

But a free order seems like the approach
taken in IPv6 protocols in general, so perhaps we
should stick with it here as well.

Jari



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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
cc: gregos@microsoft.com, Basavaraj.Patil@nokia.com,
        mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] How to handle RoutingHeader Type zero 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 31 Aug 2002 01:23:02 +0300.
             <3D6FF046.2000900@kolumbus.fi> 
Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2002 15:29:08 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   There's an open question, however.

=> no, RFC 2460 stands (RHs are processed in order).

   What does this mean for RH0.
   Possible interpretations:
   
      (a) Orthogonal. For some other purpose, RH0 may also be used. If
          so, we may need some rules on how RH0 and RH2 work if they
          are applied together, and perhaps also some rules on
          home addresses appeaering in RH0.
   
      (b) Not at the same time. Forbid RH0 if RH2 appears in the packet.
          If for some obscure reason someone wants to use RH0, then
          the use of RO is not possible at the same time.
   
      (c) Not by MIPv6 MNs and CNs. Devices supporting MIPv6 CN or MN
          functionality may no longer support RH0 at all.
   
      (d) Deprecate. Thou shall not use RH0 at all.
   
   Personally, I think the last one is the really right action but

=> I strongly disagree because we can need RH0 one day. So the proper
action is (a) and Mobile IPv6 has nothing to specify.

   I realize this isn't going to be agreed upon now ;-) Perhaps
   the second option would be the way to go. Other opinions?
   
=> I can't see a problem with multiple RHs even this case has no
usage today. So let just apply RFC 2460 which gives (a).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
cc: itojun@iijlab.net, mrw@windriver.com, Erik.Nordmark@sun.com,
        kre@munnari.OZ.AU, dthaler@windows.microsoft.com,
        charliep@iprg.nokia.com, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: [mobile-ip] RE: RFC 2462 DAD optimization 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:33:34 +0300.
             <200208270933.MAA18566@burp.tkv.asdf.org> 
Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2002 17:07:33 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > >I'm going to ingore RFC 2710 on this point. I do not send MLD for link
   > >local multicast groups.
   > 
   > 	then your device will have trouble operating on coming switches
   > 	that support MLD snooping, and it will be very difficult to
   > 	track the issue down (extraordinary support load to your colleagues).
   > 	i suggest you to follow RFC2710.
   
=> I strongly support Itojun! Please don't ignore standards just because
NIBY.

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr


