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I have read the document and support its publication.

/bill

At 12:49 AM 1/20/2012, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
>Dear colleagues,
>
>This message initiates a three week Working Group Last Call on the
>document draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16.  LC will close on
>2012-01-11 at 00:00 UTC.
>
>The WG's standard conventions, which require five reviewers who state
>that they have read the draft and support its publication as a
>necessary but not sufficient determinant of rough consensus, are in
>force.  Please review the document and post to the list any comments
>you have before the close of LC.  If you cannot meet that deadline,
>but are willing to commit to completing a review and can give me a
>firm date for it (and that date is within a reasonable horizon), I
>will announce an extension of the LC deadline.  I'd appreciate it if
>you'd tell me of this need sooner rather than later.  Specific
>comments are much better than generic ones, and specific comments with
>suggested text (if you find some text wanting) are particularly
>encouraged.
>
>Speaking only personally, this draft is the product of several years
>of WG work: the -00 of the draft was submitted in 2005.  Moreover, it
>is the product of a lot of heated discussion and careful teasing out
>of the issues involved.  I would be sad to discover that we could not
>find (rather) more than five reviewers for this document.
>
>I will be the shepherd for this document if it is sent to the IESG.
>
>Best regards,
>
>Andrew
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From dnsext-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Feb  1 06:17:41 2012
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From: "Yao Jiankang" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
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Subject: [dnsext] CNAME check Re: [WGLC: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16]
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For Section 4.3.  "Check for CNAME",

In order to accommade the possible CNAME synthesis extension, how about
adding the following sentence or sentence with the similar meaning in the 
section 4.3?

"
When validating the CNAME, if the CNAME has not matching RRSIG and the 
validator can not decide whether the CNAME is the synthesis of other names 
such as the DNAME, this CNAME should be neglected."

Jiankang Yao


----- Original Message ----- 
From: <bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com>
To: <dnsext@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, February 01, 2012 8:27 PM
Subject: [dnsext] [WGLC: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16]


>
> I have read the document and support its publication.
>
> /bill
>
> At 12:49 AM 1/20/2012, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
>>Dear colleagues,
>>
>>This message initiates a three week Working Group Last Call on the
>>document draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16.  LC will close on
>>2012-01-11 at 00:00 UTC.
>>
>>The WG's standard conventions, which require five reviewers who state
>>that they have read the draft and support its publication as a
>>necessary but not sufficient determinant of rough consensus, are in
>>force.  Please review the document and post to the list any comments
>>you have before the close of LC.  If you cannot meet that deadline,
>>but are willing to commit to completing a review and can give me a
>>firm date for it (and that date is within a reasonable horizon), I
>>will announce an extension of the LC deadline.  I'd appreciate it if
>>you'd tell me of this need sooner rather than later.  Specific
>>comments are much better than generic ones, and specific comments with
>>suggested text (if you find some text wanting) are particularly
>>encouraged.
>>
>>Speaking only personally, this draft is the product of several years
>>of WG work: the -00 of the draft was submitted in 2005.  Moreover, it
>>is the product of a lot of heated discussion and careful teasing out
>>of the issues involved.  I would be sad to discover that we could not
>>find (rather) more than five reviewers for this document.
>>
>>I will be the shepherd for this document if it is sent to the IESG.
>>
>>Best regards,
>>
>>Andrew
> _______________________________________________
> dnsext mailing list
> dnsext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext 

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Subject: Re: [dnsext] draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-algo-imp-status-00.txt
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On Tue, 31 Jan 2012, Edward Lewis wrote:

> Not really.  We only needed an NSEC3-ized RSA/SHA-1 to deal with backward 
> compatibility issues at the time.  From here out, any "new" DNSSEC 
> "algorithm" will be defined for NSEC3 and NSEC.
>
> And - for RSASHA1-NSEC3-SHA1, the -SHA1 is there twice!

The trailing -SHA1 refers to the NSEC3 name hashing algorithm.  That 
could be different from the hash algorithm used in signing (and, in 
the case of RSASHA256 and RSASHA512, they are indeed different).  I 
think there's a plausible arugment that the mnemonics defined in 
RFC5702 should have been RSASHA256-SHA1 and RSASHA512-SHA1.

-- Sam


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] draft-srose-dnssec-algo-imp-status-00 (was: Re: Follow up on draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes)
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To save everyone else the time of diff'ing them, since the tools site 
did not flag one as a replacement for the other: the recently-posted 
WG-named version of this doc 
(draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-algo-imp-status-00.txt) appears to make no 
substantive changes from the -srose version.

-- Sam

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Subject: Re: [dnsext] WGLC: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16
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Thanks to all who have reviewed this doc during the WGLC (Mark, 
Wouter, Ed, Mike, Mohan, Warren, and Bill).  I want to assure you that 
your comments are not being ignored -- I plan to respond to most of 
them in bulk at the end of the WGLC.  I'm responding to this one now
since it may require some more discussion.


On Wed, 25 Jan 2012, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:

> The section and appendix on CD bits are long.  Not wrong, but long.

I know, and I concur.  The chairs directed the editors to add this 
text, which is the result of a design team meeting reported on this 
list (well, on namedroppers).  I didn't feel strongly enough about it 
to refuse.

Feel free to make a stronger case for leaving some of it (e.g. the 
whole appendix) out.

> Section 6.2 is correct.  But its tone is loose.  It is about lenient
> acceptance of the SEP flag.  Please say that, or say that the proper
> setting of the SEP flag is defined in its RFC.

I'll try to improve this when making the changes at the end of WGLC.

-- Sam
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Date: Wed, 1 Feb 2012 10:16:13 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] CNAME check Re: [WGLC: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16]
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Hi,

No hat.

> "
> When validating the CNAME, if the CNAME has not matching RRSIG and
> the validator can not decide whether the CNAME is the synthesis of
> other names such as the DNAME, this CNAME should be neglected."

In the case of DNAME, you shouldn't need to worry about the synthetic
CNAME because if you are validating you already know about DNSSEC.
Therefore, you can validate the DNAME and know that the CNAME is
synthetic.  So I don't think this text is necessary.

If you're talking about some future example, then I don't think it
will work.  Suppose that we invented RRTYPE FOO that was an xNAME.
FOO did backward compatibility by synthesizing CNAMEs for FOO-unaware
resolvers of some type (let's pretend we signalled awareness using
EDNS0).

Now, imagine a FOO-unaware validating resolver that follows the advice
you suggest.  It queries a signed zone with a FOO record.  The
resolver doesn't know about FOO.  Therefore, it doesn't know that
there could be a synthetic CNAME at that name, resulting from the FOO
record.  Therefore, it will treat the unsigned CNAME as bogus, and the
backwards compatibility doesn't happen.  

Ok, so let's suppose we went further than you did, and said any time
you see a CNAME in a signed zone that is not signed, you should assume
that the unsigned CNAME is synthetic rather than bogus.  This of
course would be a massive hole in DNSSEC: anyone who could convince
you to accept a CNAME any time could undermine your validation.
Therefore, it wouldn't be acceptable.

Is there some other scenario you can see that I haven't outlined
above?

Best,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com

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Date: Wed, 1 Feb 2012 11:05:01 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Hi,

No hat.

On Wed, Feb 01, 2012 at 11:40:23PM +0800, Yao Jiankang wrote:

> >Now, imagine a FOO-unaware validating resolver that follows the advice
> >you suggest.  It queries a signed zone with a FOO record.  The
> >resolver doesn't know about FOO.  Therefore, it doesn't know that
> >there could be a synthetic CNAME at that name, resulting from the FOO
> >record.  Therefore, it will treat the unsigned CNAME as bogus, and the
> >backwards compatibility doesn't happen.
> 
> My suggested word is that "this CNAME should be neglected". It means
> that the FOO-unaware validating resolver(when doing DNSSEC checking)
> will see this unsigned CNAME as nothing, not accept it, and also not
> report it as bogus. When a unsigned CNAME appears,  the FOO-unaware
> validating resolver(when doing DNSSEC checking)  just sees nothing
> and negelcts this CNAME. So I do not think that it will cause any
> hole in DNSSEC.

Ok, so the resolver ignores the unsigned CNAME (i.e. it's as though it
wasn't received), and returns what to the initiator of the query
(i.e. the originating resolver or the application or whatever)?
NOERROR with an empty answer?  I don't understand how this is any
better than treating the result as bogus; the originator of the query
still can't get to the destination it was querying for, right?

Best,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] WGLC: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

I have reviewed and support publication. Here are my comments.

1. Section 5.4. Caution About Local Policy and Multiple RRSIGs

1a. Nit
The second paragraph raises concerns when a resolver adopts a more
restrictive security policy. On the first read, it is not immediately
obvious why there can be unnecessary validation failures. Perhaps a
small explanation is needed, that the restrictive policy is requiring
all signatures to validate?

2. Section 5.11. Mandatory Algorithm Rules

2a. Nit
Typo: pressence -> presence

2b.
The section states that a signed zone MUST include a DNSKEY for each
algorithm present in the zone's DS RRset and expected trust anchors for
the zone. I argue if MUST is too strong, and would vote for SHOULD, for
the reason that the expected trust anchors and DS RRset are being
maintained outside the administrative boundaries of the zone owner.

3. Section 6.4. Erros in RFC 5155

I would like to see some clarifying or guiding text about the
contradiction in this RFC on the Flags field I posted earlier to this list:

Section 8.2 of RFC 5155 states that a validator MUST ignore NSEC3 RRs
with a Flag fields value other than zero or one. But in the IANA
Considerations section, bits 0-6 are available for assignment.

However, assigning a meaning to one of the bits 0-6 would break NSEC3
conformance because that would allow for Flag fields value larger than
one and that conflicts with the rule in Section 8.2 . As a result,
assigning a meaning to one of the bits 0-6 in the NSEC3 Flag fields
would require an update at the resolver side to ignore the bits it does
not implement, regardless of the total outcome value of the Flag fields.
Such a requirement allows for a more flexible approach for future
updates of the NSEC3 Flag fields, with a nice backwards compatibility
property.


Best regards,
  Matthijs
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Big:

5.10 is long, scary, and useless for most environments because most environments will have just one trust anchor. Please add the following after the first paragraph of the section:

When DNSSEC was first published, many sites had multiple (and sometimes nested) trust anchors. Now, it is believed that very few do. If a site has a single trust anchor, the information in this entire section can safely be skipped.

Medium:

5.6 (setting the DO bit in replies) suggests resolvers should "be liberal in what they accept". That's a bit vague. Instead, say what you mean "In order to interoperate with implementations that ignore this rule on sending, resolvers need to allow either the DO bit to be set or unset when receiving responses". However, that's still not as honest as I would like. "Because some implementations ignore this rule on sending, the rule for receivers is now that they MUST NOT expect the DO bit to be set as it was sent."

In 5.8, it is unclear what "protect" means. Either clarify what is being protected or use a different word.

Small:

1.1 should start "The clarifications and changes to ..."

--Paul Hoffman

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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Andrew Sullivan" <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: <dnsext@ietf.org>
Sent: Thursday, February 02, 2012 12:05 AM
Subject: Re: [dnsext] CNAME check Re: [WGLC: 
draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-16]


> Hi,
>
> No hat.
>
> On Wed, Feb 01, 2012 at 11:40:23PM +0800, Yao Jiankang wrote:
>
>> >Now, imagine a FOO-unaware validating resolver that follows the advice
>> >you suggest.  It queries a signed zone with a FOO record.  The
>> >resolver doesn't know about FOO.  Therefore, it doesn't know that
>> >there could be a synthetic CNAME at that name, resulting from the FOO
>> >record.  Therefore, it will treat the unsigned CNAME as bogus, and the
>> >backwards compatibility doesn't happen.
>>
>> My suggested word is that "this CNAME should be neglected". It means
>> that the FOO-unaware validating resolver(when doing DNSSEC checking)
>> will see this unsigned CNAME as nothing, not accept it, and also not
>> report it as bogus. When a unsigned CNAME appears,  the FOO-unaware
>> validating resolver(when doing DNSSEC checking)  just sees nothing
>> and negelcts this CNAME. So I do not think that it will cause any
>> hole in DNSSEC.
>
> Ok, so the resolver ignores the unsigned CNAME (i.e. it's as though it
> wasn't received), and returns what to the initiator of the query
> (i.e. the originating resolver or the application or whatever)?
> NOERROR with an empty answer?  I don't understand how this is any
> better than treating the result as bogus; the originator of the query
> still can't get to the destination it was querying for, right?
>
For example,
Assume that the DNSEXT supports BNAME in the future.
 the FOO-unaware validating resolver(when doing DNSSEC checking) will not 
regard the BNAME's CNAME synthesis as bogus. So the section 5.2. " BNAME 
alias algorithm identifiers" is not needed.
 the FOO-unaware validating resolver(when DNSSEC check is not enabled) can 
use the CNAME.(unsigned CNAME is only neglected when DNSSEC check is 
enabled)

Jiankang Yao


Otherwise, the

> Best,
>
> A
>
> -- 
> Andrew Sullivan
> ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
> _______________________________________________
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> 

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Dear colleagues,

On Fri, Jan 27, 2012 at 04:39:28PM -0500, Andrew Sullivan wrote:

> draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-algo-signal completed a WGLC under its
> (apponted, non-WG chair) shepherd some time ago, but there have been
> comments since.  The shepherd was appointed because both of the WG
> co-chairs, in their employment, reported to one of the document
> authors.  The appointed shephed is busy.  Given that I am no longer
> reporting to the author in question in my employment, I wonder whether
> people still have a concern here.  Comments are welcome.

I have received (off-list) an objection to taking this on as shepherd,
so we will maintain our strategy of using the appointed shepherd.  I
will ask him when he might have time for this.

Best,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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Date: Fri, 3 Feb 2012 12:47:56 -0800
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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: dnsext@ietf.org, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] [dane] Aiming towards some specific wording
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On Tue, Nov 22, 2011 at 5:55 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
> (Took DANE off because I'm not on the list.)
>
> At 20:10 -0800 11/21/11, Matt McCutchen wrote:
>
>>That's great, RFC 4035 has a totally different definition of
>>"indeterminate" than RFC 4033.
>
> You're right.=A0 When I answered I went to 4035 because it is the "protoc=
ol
> mod" and not 4034 because it was "records".=A0 I usually ignore 4033 beca=
use
> it's "intro" and has no requirements language in it.=A0 That's just to ex=
plain
> why I quoted 4035 (because these kind of terminology things run rampant in
> RFCs) and why I didn't quote 4033.
>
> Not that 4033 is any less wrong than 4035.=A0 I just ordinarily look at
> 4034/4035 more.
>
> Here's what '33 says:
>
> #=A0=A0 Indeterminate: There is no trust anchor that would indicate that a
> #=A0=A0 specific portion of the tree is secure.=A0 This is the default
> #=A0=A0 operation mode.
>
> Certainly different from 4035 and what I would assume was the right way to
> define indeterminate.
>

This is an old thread but may be relevant now. As we are in the last
call of dnssec-bis updates, we should clarify this.

Even the definition of Insecure is different. 4033 says that you have
the signed proof of the non-existence of a DS record where as 4035
says you declare insecure if you can't construct the chain which could
be because of the missing DNSKEY/DS RRs. I may not  be able to obtain
them because of the bad CPE device. Can it not be Bogus as per the
definition in 4035 ?

If the application is going to be sensitive and react differently
based on these status codes, then this should either be simplified or
clarified in the dnssec-bis updates.

-mohan

> --
>
> -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=
=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-
> Edward Lewis
> NeuStar=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 You can =
leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468
>
> Vote for the word of the day:
> "Papa"razzi - father that constantly takes photos of the baby
> Corpureaucracy - The institution of corporate "red tape"
>
> _______________________________________________
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Subject: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)
	Author(s)       : Joao Damas
                          Michael Graff
                          Paul Vixie
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
	Pages           : 15
	Date            : 2012-02-07

   The Domain Name System's wire protocol includes a number of fixed
   fields whose range has been or soon will be exhausted and does not
   allow requestors to advertise their capabilities to responders.  This
   document describes backward compatible mechanisms for allowing the
   protocol to grow.

   This document updates the EDNS0 specification (RFC 2671) based on
   feedback from deployment experience in several implementations.  It
   also closes the IANA registry for extended labels created as part of
   RFC 2671 and obsoletes RFC 2673 ("Binary Labels in the Domain Name
   System") which depends on the existence of extended labels.


A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt

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Date: Tue, 7 Feb 2012 11:23:44 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: dnsext@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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Hi,

On Tue, Feb 07, 2012 at 04:34:52PM +0100, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
> 
> I feel the first (4033) is a better description.  I personally use a
> definition for this as: this portion of the tree does not have a trust
> anchor above it (higher up the hierarchy), and therefore is not secure,
> insecure, or bogus.  Note that with the root trust anchor the
> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
> covered by that trust anchor.

This is extremely interesting and helpful; thanks.  I wonder about
something, though.  What should we call the state you get when you
have a validating resolver that can only speak to upstream resolvers
that all respond NOTIMP (or similar) to the DO bit?  That case appears
to be covered by the 4035 definition and not the 4033 one.  Is this
"unvalidatable" rather than "indeterminate"?

Best regards,

A
-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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Date: Tue, 07 Feb 2012 17:53:57 +0100
From: "W.C.A. Wijngaards" <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi Andrew,

On 02/07/2012 05:23 PM, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 07, 2012 at 04:34:52PM +0100, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
>>
>> I feel the first (4033) is a better description.  I personally use a
>> definition for this as: this portion of the tree does not have a trust
>> anchor above it (higher up the hierarchy), and therefore is not secure,
>> insecure, or bogus.  Note that with the root trust anchor the
>> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
>> covered by that trust anchor.
> 
> This is extremely interesting and helpful; thanks.  I wonder about
> something, though.  What should we call the state you get when you
> have a validating resolver that can only speak to upstream resolvers
> that all respond NOTIMP (or similar) to the DO bit?  That case appears
> to be covered by the 4035 definition and not the 4033 one.  Is this
> "unvalidatable" rather than "indeterminate"?

This would make data that is not covered by a trust anchor indeterminate
(like it was before, you have no anchor that covers it so can check no
signatures).  Data covered by a trust anchor becomes bogus, because you
cannot get the DNSSEC data for zone of the trust anchor, and its
delegations need to tell you if the data covered by it is secure or
insecure; these signatures are withheld, and this makes the result bogus.

Best regards,
   Wouter
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At 16:34 +0100 2/7/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:

>insecure, or bogus.  Note that with the root trust anchor the
>indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
>covered by that trust anchor.

I disagree with that.

The Internet that we usually think about as being the only one is 
what I call the "global public Internet".  For the global public 
Internet, the DNS in common use does have a trust anchor for it's 
root zone so the assertion holds for the majority of cases, but then 
again only for recursive servers that have the trust anchor.

There are other inter-networks that use the DNS protocol.  In at 
least one of these, DNSSEC has not been deployed.

And, you can stretch this to the case of a recursive server, on the 
global public Internet, that does not have the root anchor configured 
- and may have another anchor.  To such a server, validating some DNS 
data is impossible (incalculable).

The protocol cannot be defined assuming one particular mode of operation.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
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Subject: [dnsext] What is indeterminate
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On Feb 7, 2012, at 10:18 AM, Andrew Sullivan wrote:

> ISSUE 1: Indeterminacy of Indeterminate
> 
> In http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/dnsext/current/msg12176.html,
> Mohan Parthasarathy argues that RFC 4033 and RFC 4035 have
> inconsistent definitions of "Indeterminate".  RFC 4033 says this is
> what Indeterminate means, in section 5:
> 
>   Indeterminate: There is no trust anchor that would indicate that a
>      specific portion of the tree is secure.  This is the default
>      operation mode.
> 
> RFC 4035 has this definition in section 4.3: 
> 
>   Indeterminate: An RRset for which the resolver is not able to
>      determine whether the RRset should be signed, as the resolver is
>      not able to obtain the necessary DNSSEC RRs.  This can occur when
>      the security-aware resolver is not able to contact security-aware
>      name servers for the relevant zones.
> 
> These two do seem to be inconsistent.  In particular, the latter
> apparently can happen when a security-aware resolver with an
> appropriate trust anchor can't find an upstream that can handle the DO
> bit.  Does anyone have an opinion on what to do about this?  We will
> need to come to some very strong agreement quickly, or it will not be
> addressed in this document.
> 
>    DEFAULT ACTION: none.  Without proposed text that finds strong
>    support, this issue will be left out of the document.  

A request to the folks who have done DNSSEC much longer than I have: please do resolve this somehow. It affected the development of DANE, and will probably nail others later.

--Paul Hoffman

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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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On Tue, Feb 7, 2012 at 9:14 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
> At 16:34 +0100 2/7/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
>
>> insecure, or bogus. =A0Note that with the root trust anchor the
>> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
>> covered by that trust anchor.
>
>
> I disagree with that.
>
> The Internet that we usually think about as being the only one is what I
> call the "global public Internet". =A0For the global public Internet, the=
 DNS
> in common use does have a trust anchor for it's root zone so the assertion
> holds for the majority of cases, but then again only for recursive servers
> that have the trust anchor.
>
> There are other inter-networks that use the DNS protocol. =A0In at least =
one
> of these, DNSSEC has not been deployed.
>
> And, you can stretch this to the case of a recursive server, on the global
> public Internet, that does not have the root anchor configured - and may
> have another anchor. =A0To such a server, validating some DNS data is
> impossible (incalculable).
>
> The protocol cannot be defined assuming one particular mode of operation.
>
Before getting to define this precisely, we should try to understand
the different cases that can occur and see whether we all agree on the
error status for the different cases.

Some RRSet needs to be validated. The RRSet was fetched with the DO bit set.

- We are able to get the RRSIGs back for the RRset. But unable to
validate completely because we are not able to get the DNSKEY RRSET or
not able to fetch the DS record. Going by 4035, this is Insecure. Two
problems here. First, it is also possible that you talked to the
DNSSEC-unaware server which does not know how to fetch the DS record.
Secondly, this could be a fake signature for which you can never
establish the trust. Do we want to declare Insecure in both these
cases ?

- We are able to get the RRSIGs back for the RRSet. But unable to
validate the signatures because it is expired. This is Bogus as per
4035.

- We are unable to get the RRSIGs back, but we got some response from
the server i.e., the main RRSet itself. Missing signatures. As per
4035, this is Bogus. But then this could be a bad CPE. Do we want to
declare this Bogus ?

We can create more examples, but it looks to me that there are only
two error cases.

1) We get some DNSSEC RRs back but can't validate. Just being able to
partially validate without tracing back to the trust anchor is equally
bad as not being able to validate the signatures.

2) We get no DNSSEC RRs back. This could be a problem in the path or
the zone is not signed. We can't tell the difference without some
extra configuration.

How does it help the application to make this more fine grained ?

-mohan


> --
> -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=
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> Edward Lewis
> NeuStar =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0You can leave a voice mess=
age at +1-571-434-5468
>
> 2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
>
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To: "W.C.A. Wijngaards" <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
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In message <4F315725.4010705@nlnetlabs.nl>, "W.C.A. Wijngaards" writes:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Hi Andrew,
> 
> On 02/07/2012 05:23 PM, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> > On Tue, Feb 07, 2012 at 04:34:52PM +0100, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
> >>
> >> I feel the first (4033) is a better description.  I personally use a
> >> definition for this as: this portion of the tree does not have a trust
> >> anchor above it (higher up the hierarchy), and therefore is not secure,
> >> insecure, or bogus.  Note that with the root trust anchor the
> >> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
> >> covered by that trust anchor.
> > 
> > This is extremely interesting and helpful; thanks.  I wonder about
> > something, though.  What should we call the state you get when you
> > have a validating resolver that can only speak to upstream resolvers
> > that all respond NOTIMP (or similar) to the DO bit?  That case appears
> > to be covered by the 4035 definition and not the 4033 one.  Is this
> > "unvalidatable" rather than "indeterminate"?
> 
> This would make data that is not covered by a trust anchor indeterminate
> (like it was before, you have no anchor that covers it so can check no
> signatures).  Data covered by a trust anchor becomes bogus, because you
> cannot get the DNSSEC data for zone of the trust anchor, and its
> delegations need to tell you if the data covered by it is secure or
> insecure; these signatures are withheld, and this makes the result bogus.

The delegation is secure or insecure.  The data is secure, bogus
or indeterminate.  When you follow a insecure delegation the data
is no longer under the trust anchor, i.e. there is no chain from a
trust anchor to it.

> Best regards,
>    Wouter
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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Date: Wed, 08 Feb 2012 10:31:08 +1100
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] What is indeterminate
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In message <E59CC699-741A-4815-B4CD-D0781420072E@vpnc.org>, Paul Hoffman writes
:
> On Feb 7, 2012, at 10:18 AM, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> 
> > ISSUE 1: Indeterminacy of Indeterminate
> > 
> > In http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/dnsext/current/msg12176.html,
> > Mohan Parthasarathy argues that RFC 4033 and RFC 4035 have
> > inconsistent definitions of "Indeterminate".  RFC 4033 says this is
> > what Indeterminate means, in section 5:
> > 
> >   Indeterminate: There is no trust anchor that would indicate that a
> >      specific portion of the tree is secure.  This is the default
> >      operation mode.
> > 
> > RFC 4035 has this definition in section 4.3: 
> > 
> >   Indeterminate: An RRset for which the resolver is not able to
> >      determine whether the RRset should be signed, as the resolver is
> >      not able to obtain the necessary DNSSEC RRs.  This can occur when
> >      the security-aware resolver is not able to contact security-aware
> >      name servers for the relevant zones.
> > 
> > These two do seem to be inconsistent.  In particular, the latter
> > apparently can happen when a security-aware resolver with an
> > appropriate trust anchor can't find an upstream that can handle the DO
> > bit.  Does anyone have an opinion on what to do about this?  We will
> > need to come to some very strong agreement quickly, or it will not be
> > addressed in this document.
> > 
> >    DEFAULT ACTION: none.  Without proposed text that finds strong
> >    support, this issue will be left out of the document.  
> 
> A request to the folks who have done DNSSEC much longer than I have: please d
> o resolve this somehow. It affected the development of DANE, and will probabl
> y nail others later.

This really is a "how many angels can you fit on a pin head" argument.

You can prove a answer is secure with respect to the trust anchors you have.
You can determine that you can't validate as secure with the trust anchors
you have.
Everything else is indeterminate/insecure as far as the application is
concerned.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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On Feb 7, 2012, at 3:31 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:

> This really is a "how many angels can you fit on a pin head" argument.

No, it is not, and please don't try to dissuade people from answering. There are two different definitions in the respective RFCs. You may not care which is right, but the rest of us do.

> You can prove a answer is secure with respect to the trust anchors you have.
> You can determine that you can't validate as secure with the trust anchors
> you have.
> Everything else is indeterminate/insecure as far as the application is
> concerned.


Is that proposed text for the dnssec-bis document?

--Paul Hoffman

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CD bit handling is in a couple of places in 4035.  The alternative
to this is defining a way to pass trust anchors and time from the
stub to the recursive server to be used to find answers which will
pass validation on the stub resolver.

I'll see if I can come up with similar words for the recursive
server that is talking to another recursive server.

Section 4.9.2 of RFC 4035 is hereby replaced with the following:

Old:
4.9.2.  Handling of the CD Bit

   A non-validating security-aware stub resolver SHOULD NOT set the CD
   bit when sending queries unless it is requested by the application
   layer, as by definition, a non-validating stub resolver depends on
   the security-aware recursive name server to perform validation on its
   behalf.

   A validating security-aware stub resolver SHOULD set the CD bit,
   because otherwise the security-aware recursive name server will
   answer the query using the name server's local policy, which may
   prevent the stub resolver from receiving data that would be
   acceptable to the stub resolver's local policy.

New:
4.9.2.  Handling of the CD Bit

   A non-validating security-aware stub resolver SHOULD NOT set the CD
   bit when sending queries unless it is requested by the application
   layer, as by definition, a non-validating stub resolver depends on
   the security-aware recursive name server to perform validation on its
   behalf.

   A validating security-aware stub resolver SHOULD first try queries
   with the CD bit clear, then if SERVFAIL is returned, retry the
   query with the CD bit set.  The CD=0 query allow the recursive
   server to reject answers from misconfigured / stale authorititative
   servers.  The CD=1 query allows the stub resolver to talk though
   a recursive server with stale trust anchors or a misconfigured
   clock.  In either case it validates the answer it receives from
   the recursive server prior to passing it to the application.

   It is RECOMMENDED that the recursive server be configured with
   a super-set of the trust anchors used by its clients.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE:	+61 2 9871 4742		         INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi Mohan,

The definition of indeterminate was wrong in RFC4035, and you now seem
to think DNSSEC is riddled with downgrade.  There is no downgrade,
because the security-states are the outcome of the chain-of-trust
algorithm, not implemented from its definitions in RFC4035.

At any step, if the algorithm, that is validating the chain of trust
from a trust anchor to the data, knows that it must have DNSSEC data,
but this is not available, the result becomes bogus.  Why the data is
not available does not matter.  The algorithm knows if DNSSEC data must
be available, because this is what NSEC and DS records tell at
delegation points.

DNSSEC has the interesting property that it can tell if a zone is signed
or not.  And it can do so securely.  This is very nice for backwards
compatibility.  And it solves all of the things you ask for.

On 02/07/2012 08:51 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 7, 2012 at 9:14 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
>> At 16:34 +0100 2/7/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
>>
>>> insecure, or bogus.  Note that with the root trust anchor the
>>> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
>>> covered by that trust anchor.
>>
>>
>> I disagree with that.
>>
>> The Internet that we usually think about as being the only one is what I
>> call the "global public Internet".  For the global public Internet, the DNS
>> in common use does have a trust anchor for it's root zone so the assertion
>> holds for the majority of cases, but then again only for recursive servers
>> that have the trust anchor.
>>
>> There are other inter-networks that use the DNS protocol.  In at least one
>> of these, DNSSEC has not been deployed.
>>
>> And, you can stretch this to the case of a recursive server, on the global
>> public Internet, that does not have the root anchor configured - and may
>> have another anchor.  To such a server, validating some DNS data is
>> impossible (incalculable).
>>
>> The protocol cannot be defined assuming one particular mode of operation.
>>
> Before getting to define this precisely, we should try to understand
> the different cases that can occur and see whether we all agree on the
> error status for the different cases.

Why data cannot be fetched is not a factor in the end result.  This
simplifies the cases to: cannot get the proper DNSSEC data, can get
proper DNSSEC data but it's invalid, can get proper DNSSEC data and it's
ok.  And the results are bogus, bogus, secure.  If you find an insecure
delegation it is insecure.  If there is no applicable trust anchor, the
result is indeterminate (that is effectively just like insecure).

> Some RRSet needs to be validated. The RRSet was fetched with the DO bit set.
> 
> - We are able to get the RRSIGs back for the RRset. But unable to
> validate completely because we are not able to get the DNSKEY RRSET or
> not able to fetch the DS record. Going by 4035, this is Insecure. Two

No, it is bogus.  If you cannot get the DS and DNSKEY records, the
result is bogus.

> problems here. First, it is also possible that you talked to the
> DNSSEC-unaware server which does not know how to fetch the DS record.
> Secondly, this could be a fake signature for which you can never
> establish the trust. Do we want to declare Insecure in both these
> cases ?

It is not important if the upstream server is DNSSEC unaware or if it is
lying.  If you cannot get the proper DNSSEC data the result is bogus.

> - We are able to get the RRSIGs back for the RRSet. But unable to
> validate the signatures because it is expired. This is Bogus as per
> 4035.

Yes, expired is bogus.

> - We are unable to get the RRSIGs back, but we got some response from
> the server i.e., the main RRSet itself. Missing signatures. As per
> 4035, this is Bogus. But then this could be a bad CPE. Do we want to
> declare this Bogus ?

Yes it is bogus.

I understand the definition of Indeterminate is wrong in 4035; but no,
downgrade attacks by the removal of DNSSEC data result in bogus.  There
are no excuses (i.e. being a CPE, being old, or being unaware) that
would make the result non-bogus.

> We can create more examples, but it looks to me that there are only
> two error cases.
> 
> 1) We get some DNSSEC RRs back but can't validate. Just being able to
> partially validate without tracing back to the trust anchor is equally
> bad as not being able to validate the signatures.

Yes, that is bogus in today's implementations.

> 2) We get no DNSSEC RRs back. This could be a problem in the path or
> the zone is not signed. We can't tell the difference without some
> extra configuration.

You can tell the difference because the chain-of-trust is signed itself,
and this extends from the trust anchor to the data you just got, and
thus you know if this zone is signed or not.  And thus in your question,
the unsigned zone is ok(insecure), and the signed-zone-missing-DNSSEC
RRs is not ok(bogus).

> How does it help the application to make this more fine grained ?

No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed.  Data that
is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what it wants.  Because
of the chain-of-trust the validator knows which parts of the space below
a trust anchor is signed (and must have DNSSEC available) and which part
is unsigned.  This property could be the cause that made insecure and
indeterminate terms exist, as indeterminate is not really processed but
simply the absence of a covering trust anchor, just like in the case
where you had no trust anchors at all.  But then insecure needs
processing: you have to validate the chain of trust from the trust
anchor to the insecure-delegation point, and only then can you conclude
that the data is insecure.  This is something internal to the DNSSEC
validator, and not particularly impressive to the application, that
likely just wants to know if the data was DNSSEC-signed (if so: secure
or bogus) or if the data was not DNSSEC-signed (as determined with the
configured set of trust anchors).

Best regards,
   Wouter
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To: "W.C.A. Wijngaards" <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <20120207151820.GE9478@crankycanuck.ca> <4F31449C.9040604@nlnetlabs.nl> <a06240801cb570a945202@192.168.128.143> <CACU5sD=bUC9bC_OW4SeH2h6DPM+d3+-JkZyz=6u=dpmj+7rVjw@mail.gmail.com> <4F3232B6.3060505@nlnetlabs.nl>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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In message <4F3232B6.3060505@nlnetlabs.nl>, "W.C.A. Wijngaards" writes:
> No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed.  Data that
> is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what it wants.  Because
> of the chain-of-trust the validator knows which parts of the space below
> a trust anchor is signed (and must have DNSSEC available) and which part
> is unsigned.

More correctly it knows if it should be able to get a signed answer
with signatures it is capable of verifying or not.  A zone can be
insecure, as far as the validator is concerned, even if there are
DS records in the parent zone and the validator treats the parent
zone as secure.

> This property could be the cause that made insecure and
> indeterminate terms exist, as indeterminate is not really processed but
> simply the absence of a covering trust anchor, just like in the case
> where you had no trust anchors at all.  But then insecure needs
> processing: you have to validate the chain of trust from the trust
> anchor to the insecure-delegation point, and only then can you conclude
> that the data is insecure.

No, you can conclude that you don't expect to be able to validate
it.  The break point may or may not be at a insecure delegation (no
DS records in parent zone).

In reality the first step of validation is determining if there is
a trust anchor that is could potentially result in the data being
declared secure.  From the application's perspective there is no
difference if the data came from a zone that was not under a
configured trust anchor or from a zone to which there is not a trust
chain supported by the validator.

> This is something internal to the DNSSEC
> validator, and not particularly impressive to the application, that
> likely just wants to know if the data was DNSSEC-signed (if so: secure
> or bogus) or if the data was not DNSSEC-signed (as determined with the
> configured set of trust anchors).

No, it want to know if it is secure or insecure (insecure data can still
be signed data).
 
Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi Mark,

On 02/08/2012 11:08 AM, Mark Andrews wrote:
> More correctly it knows if it should be able to get a signed answer
> with signatures it is capable of verifying or not.  A zone can be
> insecure, as far as the validator is concerned, even if there are
> DS records in the parent zone and the validator treats the parent
> zone as secure.

You are more correct in applying the validation implementation support
rules.

> No, you can conclude that you don't expect to be able to validate
> it.  The break point may or may not be at a insecure delegation (no
> DS records in parent zone).

Thus the set of trust anchors that is configured, and their chains of
trust, determine a number of zones that the validator can securely
determine that are signed and it has the implementation for to
dnssec-validate it.  If dnssec data needed to securely determine this is
unavailable or invalid then the result is bogus

Best regards,
   Wouter
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On Tue, Feb 07, 2012 at 04:34:52PM +0100, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----Hash: SHA1
> Hi Andrew,
> I support the default actions you describe.  Below are reasons forthings I feel more strongly about.
> > ISSUE 1: Indeterminacy of Indeterminate
> I feel the first (4033) is a better description.  I personally use adefinition for this as: this portion of the tree does not have a trustanchor above it (higher up the hierarchy), and therefore is not secure,insecure, or bogus.  Note that with the root trust anchor theindeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything iscovered by that trust anchor.

	Which root?  The ICANN root?  My corporate root?
	Folks use IP and DNS in networks that may not be connected to the 
	"public" Internet and thus to the ICANN root key.
	So I would say that there is existence proof that you can find 
	the ICANN root trust anchor in an indeterminate state.  I would 
	hope your code is agile enough to cope.


> > ISSUE 2: Ignoring CNAME signatures
> The change requested seems impossible (not compatible with deployedcode, and not future compatible with intended feature too) to me, thus Isupport no change.
> Best regards,   Wouter

/bill
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On 2/8/12 7:32 AM, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:
>> I feel the first (4033) is a better description.  I personally use adefinition for this as: this portion of the tree does not have a trustanchor above it (higher up the hierarchy), and therefore is not secure,insecure, or bogus.  Note that with the root trust anchor theindeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything iscovered by that trust anchor.
> 	Which root?  The ICANN root?  My corporate root?
> 	Folks use IP and DNS in networks that may not be connected to the 
> 	"public" Internet and thus to the ICANN root key.

Futher, there exists one or more networks connected to the "public"
Internet (non-locally routed prefixes) for which the IANA root zone
does not completely determine the root zone, and for which one or more
zone-restricted trust anchors would be insufficient.

> 	So I would say that there is existence proof that you can find 
> 	the ICANN root trust anchor in an indeterminate state.

Agree.

Eric
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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
To: "W.C.A. Wijngaards" <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 12:30 AM, W.C.A. Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl> wr=
ote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> Hi Mohan,
>
> The definition of indeterminate was wrong in RFC4035, and you now seem
> to think DNSSEC is riddled with downgrade. =A0There is no downgrade,
> because the security-states are the outcome of the chain-of-trust
> algorithm, not implemented from its definitions in RFC4035.
>
Okay, after reading your response and re-reading 4035 and 4033, I
think 4033 definitions for Bogus, Insecure and Indeterminate capture
the discussion below more clearly.

 <snip>

> On 02/07/2012 08:51 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>> On Tue, Feb 7, 2012 at 9:14 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrot=
e:
>>> At 16:34 +0100 2/7/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
>>>
>>>> insecure, or bogus. =A0Note that with the root trust anchor the
>>>> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
>>>> covered by that trust anchor.
>>>
>>>
>>> I disagree with that.
>>>
>>> The Internet that we usually think about as being the only one is what I
>>> call the "global public Internet". =A0For the global public Internet, t=
he DNS
>>> in common use does have a trust anchor for it's root zone so the assert=
ion
>>> holds for the majority of cases, but then again only for recursive serv=
ers
>>> that have the trust anchor.
>>>
>>> There are other inter-networks that use the DNS protocol. =A0In at leas=
t one
>>> of these, DNSSEC has not been deployed.
>>>
>>> And, you can stretch this to the case of a recursive server, on the glo=
bal
>>> public Internet, that does not have the root anchor configured - and may
>>> have another anchor. =A0To such a server, validating some DNS data is
>>> impossible (incalculable).
>>>
>>> The protocol cannot be defined assuming one particular mode of operatio=
n.
>>>
>> Before getting to define this precisely, we should try to understand
>> the different cases that can occur and see whether we all agree on the
>> error status for the different cases.
>
> Why data cannot be fetched is not a factor in the end result. =A0This
> simplifies the cases to: cannot get the proper DNSSEC data, can get
> proper DNSSEC data but it's invalid, can get proper DNSSEC data and it's
> ok. =A0And the results are bogus, bogus, secure. =A0If you find an insecu=
re
> delegation it is insecure. =A0If there is no applicable trust anchor, the
> result is indeterminate (that is effectively just like insecure).
>

Ok, Bogus, Secure and Insecure applies only when there is an
applicable trust anchor. When it is absent, it is indeterminate. That
simplifies a lot.

 <snip>
>>
>> 1) We get some DNSSEC RRs back but can't validate. Just being able to
>> partially validate without tracing back to the trust anchor is equally
>> bad as not being able to validate the signatures.
>
> Yes, that is bogus in today's implementations.
>
>> 2) We get no DNSSEC RRs back. This could be a problem in the path or
>> the zone is not signed. We can't tell the difference without some
>> extra configuration.
>
> You can tell the difference because the chain-of-trust is signed itself,
> and this extends from the trust anchor to the data you just got, and
> thus you know if this zone is signed or not. =A0And thus in your question,
> the unsigned zone is ok(insecure), and the signed-zone-missing-DNSSEC
> RRs is not ok(bogus).
>
>> How does it help the application to make this more fine grained ?
>
> No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed. =A0Data that
> is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what it wants. =A0Because
> of the chain-of-trust the validator knows which parts of the space below
> a trust anchor is signed (and must have DNSSEC available) and which part
> is unsigned. =A0This property could be the cause that made insecure and
> indeterminate terms exist, as indeterminate is not really processed but
> simply the absence of a covering trust anchor, just like in the case
> where you had no trust anchors at all. =A0But then insecure needs
> processing: you have to validate the chain of trust from the trust
> anchor to the insecure-delegation point, and only then can you conclude
> that the data is insecure. =A0This is something internal to the DNSSEC
> validator, and not particularly impressive to the application, that
> likely just wants to know if the data was DNSSEC-signed (if so: secure
> or bogus) or if the data was not DNSSEC-signed (as determined with the
> configured set of trust anchors).
>
That was very useful discussion.

regards
mohan

> Best regards,
> =A0 Wouter
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Date: Wed, 8 Feb 2012 13:56:17 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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No hat.

On Wed, Feb 08, 2012 at 09:30:46AM +0100, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
> 
> On 02/07/2012 08:51 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> 
> > How does it help the application to make this more fine grained ?
> 
> No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed.  Data that
> is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what it wants. 

It seems to me that the above is either a matter of policy or a matter
of implementation.  That is, some applications will surely only want
data that they can know for sure is valid, and in particular will not
want any unsigned data no matter what.

This could be implemented in more than one way.  One is to hand the
application everything that is validated and unsigned, and let the
application work out which it wants.  But another would be for the
application to be able to signal this choice to the resolver.  No?

A
-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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To: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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On Feb 8, 2012, at 10:56 AM, Andrew Sullivan wrote:

> No hat.
> 
> On Wed, Feb 08, 2012 at 09:30:46AM +0100, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
>> 
>> On 02/07/2012 08:51 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>> 
>>> How does it help the application to make this more fine grained ?
>> 
>> No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed.  Data that
>> is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what it wants. 
> 
> It seems to me that the above is either a matter of policy or a matter
> of implementation.  That is, some applications will surely only want
> data that they can know for sure is valid, and in particular will not
> want any unsigned data no matter what.
> 
> This could be implemented in more than one way.  One is to hand the
> application everything that is validated and unsigned, and let the
> application work out which it wants.  But another would be for the
> application to be able to signal this choice to the resolver.  No?


In specific, the current proposal for DANE wants to know if it is getting bogus data. It treats bogus data as quite different than "no record received". See the bulleted list in section 5 of draft-ietf-dane-protocol-16.txt.

If the DNSEXT WG thinks that it is going to change dnssec-bis to make the change Wouter suggests, the DANE WG needs to hear about it *very soon*.

--Paul Hoffman

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To: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <20120207151820.GE9478@crankycanuck.ca> <4F31449C.9040604@nlnetlabs.nl> <a06240801cb570a945202@192.168.128.143> <CACU5sD=bUC9bC_OW4SeH2h6DPM+d3+-JkZyz=6u=dpmj+7rVjw@mail.gmail.com> <4F3232B6.3060505@nlnetlabs.nl> <CACU5sDk8zGPF-w5BpBG21tNW1s0mpCEUP=YBaoZXhmbHT-+u-A@mail.gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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In message <CACU5sDk8zGPF-w5BpBG21tNW1s0mpCEUP=YBaoZXhmbHT-+u-A@mail.gmail.com>,
 Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 12:30 AM, W.C.A. Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl> wr=
> ote:
> > -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> > Hash: SHA1
> >
> > Hi Mohan,
> >
> > The definition of indeterminate was wrong in RFC4035, and you now seem
> > to think DNSSEC is riddled with downgrade. =A0There is no downgrade,
> > because the security-states are the outcome of the chain-of-trust
> > algorithm, not implemented from its definitions in RFC4035.
> >
> Okay, after reading your response and re-reading 4035 and 4033, I
> think 4033 definitions for Bogus, Insecure and Indeterminate capture
> the discussion below more clearly.
> 
>  <snip>
> 
> > On 02/07/2012 08:51 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> >> On Tue, Feb 7, 2012 at 9:14 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrot=
> e:
> >>> At 16:34 +0100 2/7/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
> >>>
> >>>> insecure, or bogus. =A0Note that with the root trust anchor the
> >>>> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
> >>>> covered by that trust anchor.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> I disagree with that.
> >>>
> >>> The Internet that we usually think about as being the only one is what I
> >>> call the "global public Internet". =A0For the global public Internet, t=
> he DNS
> >>> in common use does have a trust anchor for it's root zone so the assert=
> ion
> >>> holds for the majority of cases, but then again only for recursive serv=
> ers
> >>> that have the trust anchor.
> >>>
> >>> There are other inter-networks that use the DNS protocol. =A0In at leas=
> t one
> >>> of these, DNSSEC has not been deployed.
> >>>
> >>> And, you can stretch this to the case of a recursive server, on the glo=
> bal
> >>> public Internet, that does not have the root anchor configured - and may
> >>> have another anchor. =A0To such a server, validating some DNS data is
> >>> impossible (incalculable).
> >>>
> >>> The protocol cannot be defined assuming one particular mode of operatio=
> n.
> >>>
> >> Before getting to define this precisely, we should try to understand
> >> the different cases that can occur and see whether we all agree on the
> >> error status for the different cases.
> >
> > Why data cannot be fetched is not a factor in the end result. =A0This
> > simplifies the cases to: cannot get the proper DNSSEC data, can get
> > proper DNSSEC data but it's invalid, can get proper DNSSEC data and it's
> > ok. =A0And the results are bogus, bogus, secure. =A0If you find an insecu=
> re
> > delegation it is insecure. =A0If there is no applicable trust anchor, the
> > result is indeterminate (that is effectively just like insecure).
> >
> 
> Ok, Bogus, Secure and Insecure applies only when there is an
> applicable trust anchor. When it is absent, it is indeterminate. That
> simplifies a lot.

Absolutely wrong.

Step 1 of validation.
Is there a potential covering trust anchor?
	Yes.  Goto step 2.
	No.  Mark as insecure.

Step 2 ....

>  <snip>
> >>
> >> 1) We get some DNSSEC RRs back but can't validate. Just being able to
> >> partially validate without tracing back to the trust anchor is equally
> >> bad as not being able to validate the signatures.
> >
> > Yes, that is bogus in today's implementations.
> >
> >> 2) We get no DNSSEC RRs back. This could be a problem in the path or
> >> the zone is not signed. We can't tell the difference without some
> >> extra configuration.
> >
> > You can tell the difference because the chain-of-trust is signed itself,
> > and this extends from the trust anchor to the data you just got, and
> > thus you know if this zone is signed or not. =A0And thus in your question,
> > the unsigned zone is ok(insecure), and the signed-zone-missing-DNSSEC
> > RRs is not ok(bogus).
> >
> >> How does it help the application to make this more fine grained ?
> >
> > No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed. =A0Data that
> > is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what it wants. =A0Because
> > of the chain-of-trust the validator knows which parts of the space below
> > a trust anchor is signed (and must have DNSSEC available) and which part
> > is unsigned. =A0This property could be the cause that made insecure and
> > indeterminate terms exist, as indeterminate is not really processed but
> > simply the absence of a covering trust anchor, just like in the case
> > where you had no trust anchors at all. =A0But then insecure needs
> > processing: you have to validate the chain of trust from the trust
> > anchor to the insecure-delegation point, and only then can you conclude
> > that the data is insecure. =A0This is something internal to the DNSSEC
> > validator, and not particularly impressive to the application, that
> > likely just wants to know if the data was DNSSEC-signed (if so: secure
> > or bogus) or if the data was not DNSSEC-signed (as determined with the
> > configured set of trust anchors).
> >
> That was very useful discussion.
> 
> regards
> mohan
> 
> > Best regards,
> > =A0 Wouter
> > -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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> > Comment: Using GnuPG with SUSE - http://enigmail.mozdev.org/
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> > -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
> > _______________________________________________
> > dnsext mailing list
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> _______________________________________________
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-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 3:05 PM, Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:
>
> In message <CACU5sDk8zGPF-w5BpBG21tNW1s0mpCEUP=3DYBaoZXhmbHT-+u-A@mail.gm=
ail.com>,
> =A0Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
>> On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 12:30 AM, W.C.A. Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>=
 wr=3D
>> ote:
>> > -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>> > Hash: SHA1
>> >
>> > Hi Mohan,
>> >
>> > The definition of indeterminate was wrong in RFC4035, and you now seem
>> > to think DNSSEC is riddled with downgrade. =3DA0There is no downgrade,
>> > because the security-states are the outcome of the chain-of-trust
>> > algorithm, not implemented from its definitions in RFC4035.
>> >
>> Okay, after reading your response and re-reading 4035 and 4033, I
>> think 4033 definitions for Bogus, Insecure and Indeterminate capture
>> the discussion below more clearly.
>>
>> =A0<snip>
>>
>> > On 02/07/2012 08:51 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>> >> On Tue, Feb 7, 2012 at 9:14 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> w=
rot=3D
>> e:
>> >>> At 16:34 +0100 2/7/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
>> >>>
>> >>>> insecure, or bogus. =3DA0Note that with the root trust anchor the
>> >>>> indeterminate state no longer occurs, since we know everything is
>> >>>> covered by that trust anchor.
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>> I disagree with that.
>> >>>
>> >>> The Internet that we usually think about as being the only one is wh=
at I
>> >>> call the "global public Internet". =3DA0For the global public Intern=
et, t=3D
>> he DNS
>> >>> in common use does have a trust anchor for it's root zone so the ass=
ert=3D
>> ion
>> >>> holds for the majority of cases, but then again only for recursive s=
erv=3D
>> ers
>> >>> that have the trust anchor.
>> >>>
>> >>> There are other inter-networks that use the DNS protocol. =3DA0In at=
 leas=3D
>> t one
>> >>> of these, DNSSEC has not been deployed.
>> >>>
>> >>> And, you can stretch this to the case of a recursive server, on the =
glo=3D
>> bal
>> >>> public Internet, that does not have the root anchor configured - and=
 may
>> >>> have another anchor. =3DA0To such a server, validating some DNS data=
 is
>> >>> impossible (incalculable).
>> >>>
>> >>> The protocol cannot be defined assuming one particular mode of opera=
tio=3D
>> n.
>> >>>
>> >> Before getting to define this precisely, we should try to understand
>> >> the different cases that can occur and see whether we all agree on the
>> >> error status for the different cases.
>> >
>> > Why data cannot be fetched is not a factor in the end result. =3DA0This
>> > simplifies the cases to: cannot get the proper DNSSEC data, can get
>> > proper DNSSEC data but it's invalid, can get proper DNSSEC data and it=
's
>> > ok. =3DA0And the results are bogus, bogus, secure. =3DA0If you find an=
 insecu=3D
>> re
>> > delegation it is insecure. =3DA0If there is no applicable trust anchor=
, the
>> > result is indeterminate (that is effectively just like insecure).
>> >
>>
>> Ok, Bogus, Secure and Insecure applies only when there is an
>> applicable trust anchor. When it is absent, it is indeterminate. That
>> simplifies a lot.
>
> Absolutely wrong.
>
> Step 1 of validation.
> Is there a potential covering trust anchor?
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Yes. =A0Goto step 2.
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0No. =A0Mark as insecure.
>
> Step 2 ....
>
>From RFC 4033:

Insecure: The validating resolver has a trust anchor, a chain of
      trust, and, at some delegation point, signed proof of the
      non-existence of a DS record.  This indicates that subsequent
      branches in the tree are provably insecure.  A validating resolver
      may have a local policy to mark parts of the domain space as
      insecure.

So, I don't understand what you mean.

-mohan



>> =A0<snip>
>> >>
>> >> 1) We get some DNSSEC RRs back but can't validate. Just being able to
>> >> partially validate without tracing back to the trust anchor is equally
>> >> bad as not being able to validate the signatures.
>> >
>> > Yes, that is bogus in today's implementations.
>> >
>> >> 2) We get no DNSSEC RRs back. This could be a problem in the path or
>> >> the zone is not signed. We can't tell the difference without some
>> >> extra configuration.
>> >
>> > You can tell the difference because the chain-of-trust is signed itsel=
f,
>> > and this extends from the trust anchor to the data you just got, and
>> > thus you know if this zone is signed or not. =3DA0And thus in your que=
stion,
>> > the unsigned zone is ok(insecure), and the signed-zone-missing-DNSSEC
>> > RRs is not ok(bogus).
>> >
>> >> How does it help the application to make this more fine grained ?
>> >
>> > No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed. =3DA0Data=
 that
>> > is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what it wants. =3DA0Be=
cause
>> > of the chain-of-trust the validator knows which parts of the space bel=
ow
>> > a trust anchor is signed (and must have DNSSEC available) and which pa=
rt
>> > is unsigned. =3DA0This property could be the cause that made insecure =
and
>> > indeterminate terms exist, as indeterminate is not really processed but
>> > simply the absence of a covering trust anchor, just like in the case
>> > where you had no trust anchors at all. =3DA0But then insecure needs
>> > processing: you have to validate the chain of trust from the trust
>> > anchor to the insecure-delegation point, and only then can you conclude
>> > that the data is insecure. =3DA0This is something internal to the DNSS=
EC
>> > validator, and not particularly impressive to the application, that
>> > likely just wants to know if the data was DNSSEC-signed (if so: secure
>> > or bogus) or if the data was not DNSSEC-signed (as determined with the
>> > configured set of trust anchors).
>> >
>> That was very useful discussion.
>>
>> regards
>> mohan
>>
>> > Best regards,
>> > =3DA0 Wouter
>> > -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
>> > Version: GnuPG v2.0.15 (GNU/Linux)
>> > Comment: Using GnuPG with SUSE - http://enigmail.mozdev.org/
>> >
>> > iQIcBAEBAgAGBQJPMjK2AAoJEJ9vHC1+BF+NxVUQAIyQ4nPk7Syogn9uh4z890yJ
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>> > =3D3DdpSm
>> > -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > dnsext mailing list
>> > dnsext@ietf.org
>> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext
>> _______________________________________________
>> dnsext mailing list
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>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext
> --
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 INTERNET: marka@is=
c.org
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Date: Wed, 8 Feb 2012 17:15:35 -0800
To: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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At 15:27 -0800 2/8/12, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 3:05 PM, Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:

>>
>>  Step 1 of validation.
>>  Is there a potential covering trust anchor?
>>         Yes.  Goto step 2.
>>         No.  Mark as insecure.
>>
>>  Step 2 ....
>>
>From RFC 4033:
>
>Insecure: The validating resolver has a trust anchor, a chain of
>       trust, and, at some delegation point, signed proof of the
>       non-existence of a DS record.  This indicates that subsequent
>       branches in the tree are provably insecure.  A validating resolver
>       may have a local policy to mark parts of the domain space as
>       insecure.
>
>So, I don't understand what you mean.

What Mark wrote is consistent with that paragraph.  Not complete, but 
consistent.

Look at a path through the namespace:

     o      = root
     |
     o      = tld
     |
     o      = example
     |
     o      = www

Let's say that "tld." is a cut point.

Case 1 - if there are no trust anchors at all, then everything is "insecure."

Case 2 - if there is a root trust anchor and there is provably no DS 
record for tld., then all names in the tld. domain (not just the 
zone) are provably insecure.

Case 3 - (as in case 2 up to the BUT) if there is a root trust anchor 
and there is provably no DS record for tld., BUT there is a trust 
anchor for example.tld. and www is not a cut point.  In this case you 
can validate sets owned by www.example.tld.  "Insecure" is never an 
outcome.  The possible outcomes are "bogus", "valid" (or whatever 
"good" is called), and a service failure if some record cannot be 
retrieved.

Case 4 - trust anchors at root and tld.root and no cutpoints without 
a DS, then you'll never see insecure.

(I hope I have this right.)

And only "Bogus" is bad, no data is returned for Bogus and Service 
Failure.  Data is returned for Insecure and Valid.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <20120207151820.GE9478@crankycanuck.ca> <4F31449C.9040604@nlnetlabs.nl> <a06240801cb570a945202@192.168.128.143> <CACU5sD=bUC9bC_OW4SeH2h6DPM+d3+-JkZyz=6u=dpmj+7rVjw@mail.gmail.com> <4F3232B6.3060505@nlnetlabs.nl> <CACU5sDk8zGPF-w5BpBG21tNW1s0mpCEUP=YBaoZXhmbHT-+u-A@mail.gmail.com> <20120208230511.2440F1D0601B@drugs.dv.isc.org> <CACU5sDnrz8ivLR6nMGvX0+gFvmU2k6V7HLrb8MYLtvAs2DODgQ@mail.gmail.com> <a06240800cb58cc29d79a@[172.17.20.117]>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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In message <a06240800cb58cc29d79a@[172.17.20.117]>, Edward Lewis writes:
> At 15:27 -0800 2/8/12, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> >On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 3:05 PM, Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:
> 
> >>
> >>  Step 1 of validation.
> >>  Is there a potential covering trust anchor?
> >>         Yes.  Goto step 2.
> >>         No.  Mark as insecure.
> >>
> >>  Step 2 ....
> >>
> >From RFC 4033:
> >
> >Insecure: The validating resolver has a trust anchor, a chain of
> >       trust, and, at some delegation point, signed proof of the
> >       non-existence of a DS record.  This indicates that subsequent
> >       branches in the tree are provably insecure.  A validating resolver
> >       may have a local policy to mark parts of the domain space as
> >       insecure.
> >
> >So, I don't understand what you mean.
> 
> What Mark wrote is consistent with that paragraph.  Not complete, but 
> consistent.
> 
> Look at a path through the namespace:
> 
>      o      = root
>      |
>      o      = tld
>      |
>      o      = example
>      |
>      o      = www
> 
> Let's say that "tld." is a cut point.
> 
> Case 1 - if there are no trust anchors at all, then everything is "insecure."
> 
> Case 2 - if there is a root trust anchor and there is provably no DS 
> record for tld., then all names in the tld. domain (not just the 
> zone) are provably insecure.
> 
> Case 3 - (as in case 2 up to the BUT) if there is a root trust anchor 
> and there is provably no DS record for tld., BUT there is a trust 
> anchor for example.tld. and www is not a cut point.  In this case you 
> can validate sets owned by www.example.tld.  "Insecure" is never an 
> outcome.  The possible outcomes are "bogus", "valid" (or whatever 
> "good" is called), and a service failure if some record cannot be 
> retrieved.
> 
> Case 4 - trust anchors at root and tld.root and no cutpoints without 
> a DS, then you'll never see insecure.
> 
> (I hope I have this right.)
> 
> And only "Bogus" is bad, no data is returned for Bogus and Service 
> Failure.  Data is returned for Insecure and Valid.
> 
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis
> NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468
> 
> 2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!

Insecure is data that validator *knows* is cannot cryptographically verify.
This may be because:
* there are no suitable trust anchors to attempt to verify with.
* there is a insecure delegation (provable no DS record) in the path.
* there is a secure delegation but no algorithm support in the path.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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Date: Wed, 8 Feb 2012 18:41:06 -0800
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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, dnsext@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 6:22 PM, Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:
>
> In message <a06240800cb58cc29d79a@[172.17.20.117]>, Edward Lewis writes:
>> At 15:27 -0800 2/8/12, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>> >On Wed, Feb 8, 2012 at 3:05 PM, Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:
>>
>> >>
>> >> =A0Step 1 of validation.
>> >> =A0Is there a potential covering trust anchor?
>> >> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Yes. =A0Goto step 2.
>> >> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 No. =A0Mark as insecure.
>> >>
>> >> =A0Step 2 ....
>> >>
>> >From RFC 4033:
>> >
>> >Insecure: The validating resolver has a trust anchor, a chain of
>> > =A0 =A0 =A0 trust, and, at some delegation point, signed proof of the
>> > =A0 =A0 =A0 non-existence of a DS record. =A0This indicates that subse=
quent
>> > =A0 =A0 =A0 branches in the tree are provably insecure. =A0A validatin=
g resolver
>> > =A0 =A0 =A0 may have a local policy to mark parts of the domain space =
as
>> > =A0 =A0 =A0 insecure.
>> >
>> >So, I don't understand what you mean.
>>
>> What Mark wrote is consistent with that paragraph. =A0Not complete, but
>> consistent.
>>
>> Look at a path through the namespace:
>>
>> =A0 =A0 =A0o =A0 =A0 =A0=3D root
>> =A0 =A0 =A0|
>> =A0 =A0 =A0o =A0 =A0 =A0=3D tld
>> =A0 =A0 =A0|
>> =A0 =A0 =A0o =A0 =A0 =A0=3D example
>> =A0 =A0 =A0|
>> =A0 =A0 =A0o =A0 =A0 =A0=3D www
>>
>> Let's say that "tld." is a cut point.
>>
>> Case 1 - if there are no trust anchors at all, then everything is "insec=
ure."
>>
>> Case 2 - if there is a root trust anchor and there is provably no DS
>> record for tld., then all names in the tld. domain (not just the
>> zone) are provably insecure.
>>
>> Case 3 - (as in case 2 up to the BUT) if there is a root trust anchor
>> and there is provably no DS record for tld., BUT there is a trust
>> anchor for example.tld. and www is not a cut point. =A0In this case you
>> can validate sets owned by www.example.tld. =A0"Insecure" is never an
>> outcome. =A0The possible outcomes are "bogus", "valid" (or whatever
>> "good" is called), and a service failure if some record cannot be
>> retrieved.
>>
>> Case 4 - trust anchors at root and tld.root and no cutpoints without
>> a DS, then you'll never see insecure.
>>
>> (I hope I have this right.)
>>
>> And only "Bogus" is bad, no data is returned for Bogus and Service
>> Failure. =A0Data is returned for Insecure and Valid.
>>
>> --
>> -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D=
-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=
=3D-
>> Edward Lewis
>> NeuStar =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0You can leave a voice mes=
sage at +1-571-434-5468
>>
>> 2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
>
> Insecure is data that validator *knows* is cannot cryptographically verif=
y.
> This may be because:
> * there are no suitable trust anchors to attempt to verify with.
> * there is a insecure delegation (provable no DS record) in the path.
> * there is a secure delegation but no algorithm support in the path.
>
Right, but what I wrote was not Absolutely wrong, if you assume that
there will at least be  a root trust anchor configured,  But it might
be worth clarifying the first and third bullet above for Insecure.

-mohan

> --
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 INTERNET: marka@is=
c.org
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Issues in WGLC of dnssec-bis-updates
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi Paul, Andrew,

On 02/08/2012 08:48 PM, Paul Hoffman wrote:
> On Feb 8, 2012, at 10:56 AM, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> 
>> No hat.
>> 
>> On Wed, Feb 08, 2012 at 09:30:46AM +0100, W.C.A. Wijngaards
>> wrote:
>>> 
>>> On 02/07/2012 08:51 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>>> 
>>>> How does it help the application to make this more fine
>>>> grained ?
>>> 
>>> No, the application just wants all bogus data to be removed.
>>> Data that is secure and data that is not DNSSEC signed is what
>>> it wants.
>> 
>> It seems to me that the above is either a matter of policy or a
>> matter of implementation.  That is, some applications will surely
>> only want data that they can know for sure is valid, and in
>> particular will not want any unsigned data no matter what.
>> 
>> This could be implemented in more than one way.  One is to hand
>> the application everything that is validated and unsigned, and
>> let the application work out which it wants.  But another would
>> be for the application to be able to signal this choice to the
>> resolver.  No?
> 
> 
> In specific, the current proposal for DANE wants to know if it is
> getting bogus data. It treats bogus data as quite different than
> "no record received". See the bulleted list in section 5 of
> draft-ietf-dane-protocol-16.txt.
> 
> If the DNSEXT WG thinks that it is going to change dnssec-bis to
> make the change Wouter suggests, the DANE WG needs to hear about it
> *very soon*.

Let me state that I do not want to make such a change.  For backwards
compatibility DNSSEC has this facility to figure out which zones are
signed and validatable by the validator, and this backwards
compatibility can be used for DANE too.  Thus it wants to know the
precise secure, insecure and bogus validation results.

Best regards,
   Wouter
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Subject: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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based on the renewed interest in the delegation and glue ttl problem
caused by the "ghost domains" paper, i looked again at:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vixie-dnsext-resimprove-00

...which i presented in prague about a year ago. the sticking point was:

    B. Stopping a downward cache search when an NXDOMAIN is encountered.

and all of section 3. this proposal was considered controversial since
two existing implementation (rbldnsd and tinydns) currently send
nxdomain when queried for an empty nonterminal domain name. i did not
agree that this was a problem since RBL DNS queries are always full
length (that is, for all octets or all nybbles of an inverted host
address) and since the DNSSEC specification clarified non-terminal names
as existing but empty.

i now propose that we dust off this draft, remove (B) and section 3, and
progress it not as an improvement but as a security and resiliency
requirement (so, a proposed standard) in the face of the "ghost domain"
problem.

i may yet reintroduce the NXDOMAIN matter but i don't think that we
should logjam on it any further.

with five shows of support i would consider the editorial work involved
here to be worth doing.

paul

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Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2012 12:23:18 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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On Thu, Feb 09, 2012 at 03:09:26PM +0000, paul vixie wrote:
> 
> i now propose that we dust off this draft, remove (B) and section 3, and
> progress it not as an improvement but as a security and resiliency
> requirement (so, a proposed standard) in the face of the "ghost domain"
> problem.

> with five shows of support i would consider the editorial work involved
> here to be worth doing.

Do you consider it possible to get done and through WGLC before Paris?
(FWIW, no hat, I do not.)

A

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On Thu, Feb 09, 2012 at 12:23:18PM -0500, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> On Thu, Feb 09, 2012 at 03:09:26PM +0000, paul vixie wrote:
> > 
> > i now propose that we dust off this draft, remove (B) and section 3, and
> > progress it not as an improvement but as a security and resiliency
> > requirement (so, a proposed standard) in the face of the "ghost domain"
> > problem.
> 
> > with five shows of support i would consider the editorial work involved
> > here to be worth doing.
> 
> Do you consider it possible to get done and through WGLC before Paris?
> (FWIW, no hat, I do not.)

Don't You think we should treat this orthogonally to the dnsext
shutdown ?

Clarifications and corrections will continue to show regardless of the
existence of dnsext.

Fred
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On Thu, Feb 09, 2012 at 04:02:01PM -0200, Frederico A C Neves wrote:
> 
> Don't You think we should treat this orthogonally to the dnsext
> shutdown ?

Yes; that's why the "what do you mean 'we'"?  I was just trying to be
clear that the five reviewers, &c., is not a WG work item requirement
in this case, because DNSEXT isn't going to add this work to the WG
list.  I enthusiastically encourage people to use this mailing list to
co-ordinate additional work.

A


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On 2012-01-31, at 04:36, Ray Bellis wrote:

> On 30 Jan 2012, at 20:17, Edward Lewis wrote:
> 
>> Frankly I've never been a fan of that document (...) but
>> I don't have a problem with Andrew taking this on.
> 
> +1 on both counts.

Late to this party, but +1 from me too.


Joe
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Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2012 15:53:46 -0500
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On Thu, Feb 09, 2012 at 01:54:14PM -0500, Andrew Sullivan wrote:

> Yes; that's why the "what do you mean 'we'"?  I was just trying to be
> clear that the five reviewers, &c., is not a WG work item requirement
> in this case, because DNSEXT isn't going to add this work to the WG
> list.

I note from my INBOX, though he's been too polite to say it, that
Olafur doesn't agree with me.  I personally find it hard to believe
this work could happen that fast, and I seem to recall that we had
previous negative reactions to it, but I'm not going to stand in the
way.

Best,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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This draft closes all issues identified so far.
The draft also addresses all Id-nits in prior version
There is one change that was not included in the WGLC version but may 
have been inferred: The document Obsoletes RFC2673 Binary labels.

If anyone objects to this version being forwarded to the IESG please 
speak up now and we will start a short WGLC on that one issue.

	thanks
	Olafur

On 07/02/2012 08:01, internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.
>
> 	Title           : Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)
> 	Author(s)       : Joao Damas
>                            Michael Graff
>                            Paul Vixie
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
> 	Pages           : 15
> 	Date            : 2012-02-07
>
>     The Domain Name System's wire protocol includes a number of fixed
>     fields whose range has been or soon will be exhausted and does not
>     allow requestors to advertise their capabilities to responders.  This
>     document describes backward compatible mechanisms for allowing the
>     protocol to grow.
>
>     This document updates the EDNS0 specification (RFC 2671) based on
>     feedback from deployment experience in several implementations.  It
>     also closes the IANA registry for extended labels created as part of
>     RFC 2671 and obsoletes RFC 2673 ("Binary Labels in the Domain Name
>     System") which depends on the existence of extended labels.
>
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
>
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>
> This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
>
> _______________________________________________
> dnsext mailing list
> dnsext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext
>
>
>

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On Feb 9, 2012, at 7:09 AM, paul vixie wrote:

> based on the renewed interest in the delegation and glue ttl problem
> caused by the "ghost domains" paper, i looked again at:
> =

> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vixie-dnsext-resimprove-00
> =

> ...which i presented in prague about a year ago. the sticking point was:
> =

>    B. Stopping a downward cache search when an NXDOMAIN is encountered.
> =

> and all of section 3. this proposal was considered controversial since
> two existing implementation (rbldnsd and tinydns) currently send
> nxdomain when queried for an empty nonterminal domain name. i did not
> agree that this was a problem since RBL DNS queries are always full
> length (that is, for all octets or all nybbles of an inverted host
> address) and since the DNSSEC specification clarified non-terminal names
> as existing but empty.
> =

> i now propose that we dust off this draft, remove (B) and section 3, and
> progress it not as an improvement but as a security and resiliency
> requirement (so, a proposed standard) in the face of the "ghost domain"
> problem.
> =

> i may yet reintroduce the NXDOMAIN matter but i don't think that we
> should logjam on it any further.
> =

> with five shows of support i would consider the editorial work involved
> here to be worth doing.

I am no longer sure who the five were, but I was not one of them, you now h=
ave 6.

I would be more than happy to contribute / edit / review / whatever is need=
ed to progress it. I think this is a very useful draft=85

W

> =

> paul
> =

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> =


--
Don't be impressed with unintelligible stuff said condescendingly.
    -- Radia Perlman.





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On Thu, Feb 09, 2012 at 03:09:26PM +0000,
 paul vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote 
 a message of 34 lines which said:

> remove (B) and section 3, 

Why? It seems fine to me (even if He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named disagrees).

> progress it not as an improvement but as a security and resiliency
> requirement (so, a proposed standard) in the face of the "ghost domain"
> problem.

It seems to me that this draft does not currently address the ghost
domain problem. It mandates revalidation at the parent when the
records expire, but it does not say anything about the rules that
allow an authoritative server to overwrite the old TTL with a new
value, thus preventing expiration.

Would it be a better idea to use this draft as a starting point to
work on the issues proposed by the ghost domains paper? (Replacing >=
by > in the credibility rules and other measures.)
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On 2/10/2012 8:44 AM, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Thu, Feb 09, 2012 at 03:09:26PM +0000,
>  paul vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote 
>  a message of 34 lines which said:
>
>> remove (B) and section 3, 
> Why? It seems fine to me (even if He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named disagrees).

because arguing those merits will take time, and the other parts of the
proposal which are less controversial should not have to wait while
those arguments complete.

>> progress it not as an improvement but as a security and resiliency
>> requirement (so, a proposed standard) in the face of the "ghost domain"
>> problem.
> It seems to me that this draft does not currently address the ghost
> domain problem. It mandates revalidation at the parent when the
> records expire, but it does not say anything about the rules that
> allow an authoritative server to overwrite the old TTL with a new
> value, thus preventing expiration.
>
> Would it be a better idea to use this draft as a starting point to
> work on the issues proposed by the ghost domains paper? (Replacing >=
> by > in the credibility rules and other measures.)

i think there's some editorial flaw that leads to the above observation.
perhaps an explicit reference to RFC 2181 and some examples about how NS
replacement will work in light of credibility rules, would help explain
why this draft obviates the ghost domain problem.

for example the ghost problem appears to be about glue names (A/AAAA
RRsets referred to by NS RRs) whereas the resimprove solution set seems
to be only about the NS RRsets. but the effect of removing the NS RRsets
due to revalidation will be to purge the cache of any glue names which
were subdomains of those zone apexes.

paul
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Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2012 10:17:51 +0100
From: "W.C.A. Wijngaards" <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi Stephane,

On 02/10/2012 09:44 AM, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> It seems to me that this draft does not currently address the ghost
> domain problem. It mandates revalidation at the parent when the
> records expire, but it does not say anything about the rules that
> allow an authoritative server to overwrite the old TTL with a new
> value, thus preventing expiration.
> 
> Would it be a better idea to use this draft as a starting point to
> work on the issues proposed by the ghost domains paper? (Replacing >=
> by > in the credibility rules and other measures.)

This replacement is wrong.  We must have '=' in >= to pick up zone
changes from the same server.  We must have revalidation at the parent
for the ghost-domain problem, it is simply a case of having the NS TTL
expire (i.e. meaning, the NS RRset can be replaced with a newer one but
the NS TTL does not increase).

Best regards,
   Wouter
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* W. C. A. Wijngaards:

> This replacement is wrong.  We must have '=' in >= to pick up zone
> changes from the same server.  We must have revalidation at the parent
> for the ghost-domain problem, it is simply a case of having the NS TTL
> expire (i.e. meaning, the NS RRset can be replaced with a newer one but
> the NS TTL does not increase).

This is correct for the immediate delegation.  However, it does not
help if there is yet another delegation.  This one would have
attacker-controlled TTLs in the parent (child) and child (grandchild).

Therefore, I fear that an approach which just picks up the data from
the child while keeping the TTL from the parent does not actually
address the issue of crafted TTLs.  Some sort of recursive,
tree-dependent approach appears to be required.
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On 10/02/2012 04:17, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> Hi Stephane,
>
> On 02/10/2012 09:44 AM, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
>> It seems to me that this draft does not currently address the ghost
>> domain problem. It mandates revalidation at the parent when the
>> records expire, but it does not say anything about the rules that
>> allow an authoritative server to overwrite the old TTL with a new
>> value, thus preventing expiration.
>>
>> Would it be a better idea to use this draft as a starting point to
>> work on the issues proposed by the ghost domains paper? (Replacing>=
>> by>  in the credibility rules and other measures.)
>
> This replacement is wrong.  We must have '=' in>= to pick up zone
> changes from the same server.  We must have revalidation at the parent
> for the ghost-domain problem, it is simply a case of having the NS TTL
> expire (i.e. meaning, the NS RRset can be replaced with a newer one but
> the NS TTL does not increase).
>
> Best regards,
>     Wouter
>

<no-hat>

Strictly speaking when a resolver gets a RRset there are 4 different 
actions it can take:
	
Store: Applicable when the RRset does not exist
Replace: Applicable when there is a prior set
Ignore: always an option
Delete: This says that the resolver has lost confidence in the cached.

For Credibility Greater ">"  the following options make sense
	Store, Replace

For Credibility Equal "="   the following options make sense
	Ignore, Delete

For Credibility Less "<"
	Ignore

If you do Replace on NS on "=" you get ghost domains, because
NS set and Glue are the only data that resolver will see in an answer 
that it potentially has in cache.
If you insist on allowing "Replace" on equal then you MUST implement 
"Fetch NS from child" and "Fetch all glue" to combat the ghost domains 
and still have Kaminsky defense.

	Olafur

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On Feb 10, 2012, at 7:23 AM, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
> For Credibility Greater ">"  the following options make sense
> 	Store, Replace
> 
> For Credibility Equal "="   the following options make sense
> 	Ignore, Delete
> 
> For Credibility Less "<"
> 	Ignore
> 
> If you do Replace on NS on "=" you get ghost domains, because
> NS set and Glue are the only data that resolver will see in an answer that it potentially has in cache.
> If you insist on allowing "Replace" on equal then you MUST implement "Fetch NS from child" and "Fetch all glue" to combat the ghost domains and still have Kaminsky defense.

One other option:
replace-with-min-TTL:  A replacement cache entry's new TTL is min(current TTL on the entry, new TTL).


The problem with ghosted domains is not changing the NS RRSET, its that changing the NS RRSET is also resetting the TTL.  Yet given "Newer vs older data of the same credibility", isn't newer more meaningful (apart from the stickyness problem)?

But changing "replace" with "replace-with-min-ttl" means you're conservative on timeout in the case of disagreement between old and new.


And overall, I think replace-with-min-TTL should be standardized. Because even "Credibility > replace" can have a problem:  The parent wants a deliberate shorter TTL for the NS set, but the child can override it.  

For example, .com wants a 2 day TTL, but the child overrides it with a 7 day TTL, which still gives a 7-day 'no-revocation' window for any preseeded domains.  This could be even worse for various dynamic DNS services which allow delegation.

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This does not seem like it is a quick fix that can be done in the next few weeks.

Why is there hesitation on making this an individual submission for standards track that would happen after the WG shuts down?

--Paul Hoffman

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> One other option: replace-with-min-TTL:  A replacement cache entry's new
> TTL is min(current TTL on the entry, new TTL).

This is the approach we're taking in BIND 9, at present.

-- 
Evan Hunt -- each@isc.org
Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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<still no-hat>
On 10/02/2012 10:58, Nicholas Weaver wrote:
>
> On Feb 10, 2012, at 7:23 AM, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
>> For Credibility Greater ">"  the following options make sense
>> 	Store, Replace
>>
>> For Credibility Equal "="   the following options make sense
>> 	Ignore, Delete
>>
>> For Credibility Less "<"
>> 	Ignore
>>
>> If you do Replace on NS on "=" you get ghost domains, because
>> NS set and Glue are the only data that resolver will see in an answer that it potentially has in cache.
>> If you insist on allowing "Replace" on equal then you MUST implement "Fetch NS from child" and "Fetch all glue" to combat the ghost domains and still have Kaminsky defense.
>
> One other option:
> replace-with-min-TTL:  A replacement cache entry's new TTL is min(current TTL on the entry, new TTL).
>
>
> The problem with ghosted domains is not changing the NS RRSET, its that changing the NS RRSET is also resetting the TTL.  Yet given "Newer vs older data of the same credibility", isn't newer more meaningful (apart from the stickyness problem)?
>
TTL stretching was a REAL BAD idea, and must be stamped out.

> But changing "replace" with "replace-with-min-ttl" means you're conservative on timeout in the case of disagreement between old and new.

I prefer that resolver perform Delete rather than this, that forces the 
resolver to reevaluate the delegation.
In the case of resolver that does "Fetch NS" upon seeing the referral 
and adheres to RFC2181 credibility rules, it will always ignore NS set 
in authority section.

If a zone wants changes to propagate quickly it should use a smaller 
TTL. Resolvers should implement a MAX TTL both to purge old data faster, 
and to adopt faster to changes.

>
>
> And overall, I think replace-with-min-TTL should be standardized. Because even "Credibility>  replace" can have a problem:  The parent wants a deliberate shorter TTL for the NS set, but the child can override it.
>
> For example, .com wants a 2 day TTL, but the child overrides it with a 7 day TTL, which still gives a 7-day 'no-revocation' window for any preseeded domains.  This could be even worse for various dynamic DNS services which allow delegation.
>
>
well in the case of TLD's the TTL on referrals ranges from 600 (10min) 
to 345600 (4 days)  with 1 day as the median value and most common one.
Based on a sample of 180 google.<TLD> domains out of 310 TLD's.

Do you want everyone that has a parent with 600-3600 TTL on parent side 
NS records to force that policy on all their children?

	Olafur
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From: "Blacka, David" <davidb@verisign.com>
To: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>
Thread-Topic: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2012 22:58:40 +0000
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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On Feb 10, 2012, at 3:08 PM, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
>>=20
>>=20
>> The problem with ghosted domains is not changing the NS RRSET, its =
that changing the NS RRSET is also resetting the TTL.  Yet given "Newer =
vs older data of the same credibility", isn't newer more meaningful =
(apart from the stickyness problem)?
>>=20
> TTL stretching was a REAL BAD idea, and must be stamped out.

What do you mean by "TTL stretching"?  Are you inventing new DNS terms?

>=20
>> But changing "replace" with "replace-with-min-ttl" means you're =
conservative on timeout in the case of disagreement between old and new.
>=20
> I prefer that resolver perform Delete rather than this, that forces =
the resolver to reevaluate the delegation.

So, every time a zone operator modifies the apex NS RRset, resolvers =
around the world instantly (as they query the zone for positive answers) =
invalidate the cached NSs and go back to the parent.  That seems like =
suboptimal behavior to me.

> In the case of resolver that does "Fetch NS" upon seeing the referral =
and adheres to RFC2181 credibility rules, it will always ignore NS set =
in authority section.

Fair enough, but why do I have to do that extra query in order to solve =
this problem?

> If a zone wants changes to propagate quickly it should use a smaller =
TTL. Resolvers should implement a MAX TTL both to purge old data faster, =
and to adopt faster to changes.

Agreed.  However, I don't think there is any advice what a good max TTL =
value should be.  2 days? 7 days?

>> And overall, I think replace-with-min-TTL should be standardized. =
Because even "Credibility>  replace" can have a problem:  The parent =
wants a deliberate shorter TTL for the NS set, but the child can =
override it.
>>=20
>> For example, .com wants a 2 day TTL, but the child overrides it with =
a 7 day TTL, which still gives a 7-day 'no-revocation' window for any =
preseeded domains.  This could be even worse for various dynamic DNS =
services which allow delegation.
>>=20
>>=20
> well in the case of TLD's the TTL on referrals ranges from 600 (10min) =
to 345600 (4 days)  with 1 day as the median value and most common one.
> Based on a sample of 180 google.<TLD> domains out of 310 TLD's.
>=20
> Do you want everyone that has a parent with 600-3600 TTL on parent =
side NS records to force that policy on all their children?

I don't, at least.  I'd like to preserve as much of the current DNS =
behavior here as we can (thus, I really don't like the bailiwick rule =
that the paper authors recommend, since it will force all zones to be =
parent-centric, which is a major change to current behavior.)

I would think that if the rule was:

Credibility >
   Replace, update TTL
Credibility =3D=3D
   Replace, keeping existing TTL

then you would get the desired behavior.  That is, the first NS RRset =
from the child would update the RRset as normal, allowing the child to =
have a different NS RRset and whatever TTL they choose.  And when the =
child changes their NS RRset, it propagates at the same speed it does =
today (faster than the TTL expiration).  But the resolver will always =
revaluate the parent delegation after at most 2 TTL intervals.

--
David Blacka                          <davidb@verisign.com>=20
Principal               Verisign Infrastructure Engineering





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Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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Hash: SHA1

Hi Olafur,

I have reviewed the document, and endorse it.

Could the authors put text in 6.1.1:
The OPT record is normally placed near the end of the additional section.

Because then there is guidance for the 'normal case'.

Why is: udpsize < 512 MUST be treated as 512 size?

s/udpates/updates/

Best regards,
   Wouter

On 02/09/2012 11:38 PM, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
> This draft closes all issues identified so far. The draft also
> addresses all Id-nits in prior version There is one change that was
> not included in the WGLC version but may have been inferred: The
> document Obsoletes RFC2673 Binary labels.
> 
> If anyone objects to this version being forwarded to the IESG
> please speak up now and we will start a short WGLC on that one
> issue.
> 
> thanks Olafur
> 
> On 07/02/2012 08:01, internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>> Title           : Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0) Author(s)
>> : Joao Damas Michael Graff Paul Vixie Filename        :
>> draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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* Olafur Gudmundsson:

> This draft closes all issues identified so far.

I'm still worried that this specification does not provide much
guidance how to determine whether an authoritative server supports
EDNS.

This requirement

   Responders which choose not to implement the protocol extensions
   defined in this document MUST respond with a return code (RCODE) of
   FORMERR to messages containing an OPT RR in the additional section
   and MUST NOT include an OPT record in the response.

(section 8) updates RFC 1035.  This should be reflected in the
document header.  I think this paragraph is too strict, the actual
requirement is "MUST respond with FORMERR or process the query as if
no OPT RR was present".  The "MUST NOT include an OPT record in the
response" part is still a (minor) update to RFC 1035.  Originally, it
was possible to generate FORMERR responses by flipping the QR bit and
sending back the question packet.

Section 9 should mention that mistakenly disabling EDNS might lead to
a denial of service.  Such a failure could be caused by a query which
results in a FORMERR response, while other queries to the same server
would not.
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resending as this apparently never made it through to the list

Joao

Begin forwarded message:
>=20
> From: Jo=E3o Damas <joao@bondis.org>
> Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: =
draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
> Date: 7 February 2012 05:05:19 PST
> To: dnsext@ietf.org
>=20
>=20
> Most edits in this version are for typo-like stuff.
>=20
> One item worth noting is that this i-d now explicitly obsoletes =
RFC2673 (binary labels) as they depend on extended labels which are all =
also wrapped-up as part of this update to RFC2671.
>=20
> Also, given the age of RFC2671 the boilerplate has been updated.
>=20
> I believe all other comments had been addressed on the previous =
version of the i-d.
>=20
> Joao
>=20
> On 7 Feb 2012, at 14:01, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>=20
>>=20
>> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts =
directories. This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working =
Group of the IETF.
>>=20
>> 	Title           : Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)
>> 	Author(s)       : Joao Damas
>>                         Michael Graff
>>                         Paul Vixie
>> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
>> 	Pages           : 15
>> 	Date            : 2012-02-07
>>=20
>>  The Domain Name System's wire protocol includes a number of fixed
>>  fields whose range has been or soon will be exhausted and does not
>>  allow requestors to advertise their capabilities to responders.  =
This
>>  document describes backward compatible mechanisms for allowing the
>>  protocol to grow.
>>=20
>>  This document updates the EDNS0 specification (RFC 2671) based on
>>  feedback from deployment experience in several implementations.  It
>>  also closes the IANA registry for extended labels created as part of
>>  RFC 2671 and obsoletes RFC 2673 ("Binary Labels in the Domain Name
>>  System") which depends on the existence of extended labels.
>>=20
>>=20
>> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>> =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.=
txt
>>=20
>> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
>> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>>=20
>> This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
>> =
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.t=
xt
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> dnsext mailing list
>> dnsext@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext
>=20
>=20
>=20


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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; =
"><br><div>resending as this apparently never made it through to the =
list</div><div><br></div><div>Joao</div><div><br><div>Begin forwarded =
message:</div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
color=3D"#000000"><br></font><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><span =
style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; font-size:medium; color:rgba(127, 127, =
127, 1.0);"><b>From: </b></span><span style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; =
font-size:medium;">Jo=E3o Damas &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:joao@bondis.org">joao@bondis.org</a>&gt;<br></span></div><d=
iv style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px;"><span style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; =
font-size:medium; color:rgba(127, 127, 127, 1.0);"><b>Subject: =
</b></span><span style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; =
font-size:medium;"><b>Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: =
draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt</b><br></span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px;"><span style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; =
font-size:medium; color:rgba(127, 127, 127, 1.0);"><b>Date: =
</b></span><span style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; font-size:medium;">7 =
February 2012 05:05:19 PST<br></span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><span =
style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; font-size:medium; color:rgba(127, 127, =
127, 1.0);"><b>To: </b></span><span style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica'; =
font-size:medium;"><a =
href=3D"mailto:dnsext@ietf.org">dnsext@ietf.org</a><br></span></div><br><b=
r>Most edits in this version are for typo-like stuff.<br><br>One item =
worth noting is that this i-d now explicitly obsoletes RFC2673 (binary =
labels) as they depend on extended labels which are all also wrapped-up =
as part of this update to RFC2671.<br><br>Also, given the age of RFC2671 =
the boilerplate has been updated.<br><br>I believe all other comments =
had been addressed on the previous version of the =
i-d.<br><br>Joao<br><br>On 7 Feb 2012, at 14:01, <a =
href=3D"mailto:Internet-Drafts@ietf.org">Internet-Drafts@ietf.org</a> =
wrote:<br><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line =
Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the DNS =
Extensions Working Group of the IETF.<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Title =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: Extension =
Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span=
 class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Author(s) =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: Joao =
Damas<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mich=
ael Graff<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Paul=
 Vixie<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Filename =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: =
draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>Pages =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: =
15<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Date =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: =
2012-02-07<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;The =
Domain Name System's wire protocol includes a number of =
fixed<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;fields whose =
range has been or soon will be exhausted and does =
not<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;allow requestors to =
advertise their capabilities to responders. =
&nbsp;This<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;document =
describes backward compatible mechanisms for allowing =
the<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;protocol to =
grow.<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;This =
document updates the EDNS0 specification (RFC 2671) based =
on<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;feedback from =
deployment experience in several implementations. =
&nbsp;It<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;also closes =
the IANA registry for extended labels created as part =
of<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;RFC 2671 and =
obsoletes RFC 2673 ("Binary Labels in the Domain =
Name<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;System") which =
depends on the existence of extended labels.<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">A URL for this =
Internet-Draft is:<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><a =
href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-e=
dns0-08.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671=
bis-edns0-08.txt</a><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">Internet-Drafts =
are also available by anonymous FTP at:<br></blockquote><blockquote =
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type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">This =
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type=3D"cite"><a =
href=3D"ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-ed=
ns0-08.txt">ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bi=
s-edns0-08.txt</a><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">_______________________________________________<br></blockqu=
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<still no-hat>

On 10/02/2012 17:58, Blacka, David wrote:
>
> On Feb 10, 2012, at 3:08 PM, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>> The problem with ghosted domains is not changing the NS RRSET, its that changing the NS RRSET is also resetting the TTL.  Yet given "Newer vs older data of the same credibility", isn't newer more meaningful (apart from the stickyness problem)?
>>>
>> TTL stretching was a REAL BAD idea, and must be stamped out.
>
> What do you mean by "TTL stretching"?  Are you inventing new DNS terms?
>
Well I have been using this for a while, and I do recall where the 
definition originated. The issue this term is describing:

When a resolver sees an RRset in an response, that it has in its cache,
it compares the RRset's and if identical it updates the TTL to reflect 
the RRset in the response.


>>
>>> But changing "replace" with "replace-with-min-ttl" means you're conservative on timeout in the case of disagreement between old and new.
>>
>> I prefer that resolver perform Delete rather than this, that forces the resolver to reevaluate the delegation.
>
> So, every time a zone operator modifies the apex NS RRset, resolvers around the world instantly (as they query the zone for positive answers) invalidate the cached NSs and go back to the parent.  That seems like suboptimal behavior to me.

I wish you would not use the word: optimal
as that is setting a value judgment without explicitly saying what you 
are optimizing.
In the past trying to do the optimal (packet count) thing vs the safest 
thing has got us in problems and I do not want to see that again.

What happens depends both on the behavior of the resolver and the 
authoritative server that is asked.
For example if the authoritative server is using Minimal-answer (i.e. no 
authority section on positive answers).
Then the resolver does not see a new version of the NS set and is denied 
the opportunity to following ``optimizations''
	- discover that the NS set has changed
	- Stretch the TTL on the NS set

>
>> In the case of resolver that does "Fetch NS" upon seeing the referral and adheres to RFC2181 credibility rules, it will always ignore NS set in authority section.
>
> Fair enough, but why do I have to do that extra query in order to solve this problem?

Again here you are using value judgment as what is better:
	fewer queries vs safety
If all resolvers in 2007 had implemented "Fetch NS" and applied 
credibility rules Kaminsky attack would never have become an issue.

Similarly when authoritative severs use minimal answers the resolver 
only has the parent side NS set, what should the resolver do?
keep the parent side NS or lookup the Childs NS set.

>
>> If a zone wants changes to propagate quickly it should use a smaller TTL. Resolvers should implement a MAX TTL both to purge old data faster, and to adopt faster to changes.
>
> Agreed.  However, I don't think there is any advice what a good max TTL value should be.  2 days? 7 days?
>

Personally I think 1 day if a fine upper bound.

>>> And overall, I think replace-with-min-TTL should be standardized. Because even "Credibility>   replace" can have a problem:  The parent wants a deliberate shorter TTL for the NS set, but the child can override it.
>>>
>>> For example, .com wants a 2 day TTL, but the child overrides it with a 7 day TTL, which still gives a 7-day 'no-revocation' window for any preseeded domains.  This could be even worse for various dynamic DNS services which allow delegation.
>>>
>>>
>> well in the case of TLD's the TTL on referrals ranges from 600 (10min) to 345600 (4 days)  with 1 day as the median value and most common one.
>> Based on a sample of 180 google.<TLD>  domains out of 310 TLD's.
>>
>> Do you want everyone that has a parent with 600-3600 TTL on parent side NS records to force that policy on all their children?
>
> I don't, at least.  I'd like to preserve as much of the current DNS behavior here as we can (thus, I really don't like the bailiwick rule that the paper authors recommend, since it will force all zones to be parent-centric, which is a major change to current behavior.)
>
> I would think that if the rule was:
>
> Credibility>
>     Replace, update TTL
> Credibility ==
>     Replace, keeping existing TTL
>
> then you would get the desired behavior.  That is, the first NS RRset from the child would update the RRset as normal, allowing the child to have a different NS RRset and whatever TTL they choose.  And when the child changes their NS RRset, it propagates at the same speed it does today (faster than the TTL expiration).  But the resolver will always revaluate the parent delegation after at most 2 TTL intervals.
>

Of the two alternatives, I like "Fetch NS" much better than the logic above.
Having said that I also like "Minimal answers" for authoritative servers 
as that forces resolvers to act more predictably :-)

	Olafur
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At 14:05 +0100 2/13/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:

>Why is: udpsize < 512 MUST be treated as 512 size?

My assumption:

1) For ease of implementation
2) Because if the bufsize is too small, the header might not fit. ;)

There's a need to set a lower bound for bufsize large enough to allow 
for even a FORMERR response.  That's, what 12 bytes give or take, way 
less than 512, but the protocol is used to 512 as hard size limit.

Do you want/need to see 512 lowered?
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
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Subject: [dnsext] Ghost domain names
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I looked briefly at the paper 
(http://www.isc.org/files/imce/ghostdomain_camera.pdf) and don't see 
this as a "vulnerability" but rather a result of a lack of revocation 
in the protocol.  (The paper says as much.)  Adding revocation isn't 
going to be easy.

The IETF has never published a detailed document on how a cache 
should be managed.  It's never been an "interoperability issue." 
(This came up at NANOG 54 again, as a result of 
http://www.nanog.org/meetings/nanog54/abstracts.php?pt=MTkwOCZuYW5vZzU0&nm=nanog54.)

My assumption, and perhaps this is just an assumption, is that caches 
clip the TTL to be 1 week.  At least that is what BIND was measured 
as doing at some time in the past.  With this, anyone can then assume 
about a 1 week "fuzz" in the deletion of a domain name.

Beyond that, it's going to get complicated.

When this issue has come up in the path, it eventually goes into - 
what do you do about applications that persist in use of the data 
that has expired.  Like an open SSH connection that lasts days and 
days when the AAAA record used to start it had a TTL of an hour?  Or 
an open web page from which links are clicked.  DNS-based data will 
get stale, the one control element we have is the TTL.

I'd just write this:

A general purpose DNS cache SHOULD limit the TTL of any record set it 
accepts to 1 week.  An application using DNS data is RECOMMENDED to 
refresh the DNS data at least once per week.

Why a week?  It's convenient to write.  A better time span would be 
to ask the TLD's what they are willing to accept as a "fuzz" factor 
when deactivating a domain name - and how long are they willing to 
retain historical registration records.  But a week, otherwise, just 
seems good.

I don't think this is a DNSEXT issue, I don't think a protocol change looms.

Oh, and as far as TTL "stretching" aka, refreshing the set in the 
cache, this is a toss up.  If a recursor is reacting to a referral, 
it won't have to look at any NS set unless it does not find the set 
in the cache.  Maybe here the TTL of what's in the cache matters - 
I'd only consider fetching the NS set again if I think I'll need it 
before the currently held set TTLs out.  With DNSSEC, I'd want to 
pre-fetch long enough I that I have a newly validated set in time to 
plop on top of the old set.  I guess I'd never "stretch" a TTL, I'd 
get ready to bring on a new copy before losing the previous one. 
(Analogous to the process of re-freshing signatures in DNSSEC.)

The issue seems to be - traceability and replaceability.  Once a 
delegation is removed we need to continue to tie the delegation to 
the source until no cache has it around anymore.  And we need to see 
all of the old delegation for a name to "go away" before reviving the 
name.  I think that's the ultimately the goal.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
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From: "Blacka, David" <davidb@verisign.com>
To: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>
Thread-Topic: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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On Feb 13, 2012, at 12:18 PM, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:

> <still no-hat>
>> 
>>> TTL stretching was a REAL BAD idea, and must be stamped out.
>> 
>> What do you mean by "TTL stretching"?  Are you inventing new DNS terms?
>> 
> Well I have been using this for a while, and I do recall where the definition originated. The issue this term is describing:

Did you mean "I don't recall"?

> When a resolver sees an RRset in an response, that it has in its cache,
> it compares the RRset's and if identical it updates the TTL to reflect the RRset in the response.

OK.  I agree this is a bad idea.  Although, in various implementation's defense, *why* it is a bad idea isn't necessarily obvious.  If you are thinking about improving the cache efficiency of your implementation, and not thinking about "cache pinning" problems, TTL stretching seems like a good idea.

>>>> But changing "replace" with "replace-with-min-ttl" means you're conservative on timeout in the case of disagreement between old and new.
>>> 
>>> I prefer that resolver perform Delete rather than this, that forces the resolver to reevaluate the delegation.
>> 
>> So, every time a zone operator modifies the apex NS RRset, resolvers around the world instantly (as they query the zone for positive answers) invalidate the cached NSs and go back to the parent.  That seems like suboptimal behavior to me.
> 
> I wish you would not use the word: optimal
> as that is setting a value judgment without explicitly saying what you are optimizing.
> In the past trying to do the optimal (packet count) thing vs the safest thing has got us in problems and I do not want to see that again.

In the past, doing overly aggressive things have caused serious problem, too.  My concern with the use of "Delete" it that is has the potential for creating packet storms when a busy zone changes its apex NS RRset.

> What happens depends both on the behavior of the resolver and the authoritative server that is asked.
> For example if the authoritative server is using Minimal-answer (i.e. no authority section on positive answers).
> Then the resolver does not see a new version of the NS set and is denied the opportunity to following ``optimizations''
> 	- discover that the NS set has changed
> 	- Stretch the TTL on the NS set

Sure, minimal-answer does solve a set of problems, but I don't understand the consequences of widespread use of that feature.

>>> In the case of resolver that does "Fetch NS" upon seeing the referral and adheres to RFC2181 credibility rules, it will always ignore NS set in authority section.
>> 
>> Fair enough, but why do I have to do that extra query in order to solve this problem?
> 
> Again here you are using value judgment as what is better:
> 	fewer queries vs safety

No, I'm suggesting that both are important.

> If all resolvers in 2007 had implemented "Fetch NS" and applied credibility rules Kaminsky attack would never have become an issue.
> 
> Similarly when authoritative severs use minimal answers the resolver only has the parent side NS set, what should the resolver do?
> keep the parent side NS or lookup the Childs NS set.

I don't know what they "should" do.  I suspect they keep the parent side NS, as that it what the resolution algorithm will naturally lead.

>>> If a zone wants changes to propagate quickly it should use a smaller TTL. Resolvers should implement a MAX TTL both to purge old data faster, and to adopt faster to changes.
>> 
>> Agreed.  However, I don't think there is any advice what a good max TTL value should be.  2 days? 7 days?
>> 
> 
> Personally I think 1 day if a fine upper bound.

What??? And disenfranchise the millions of 2 day TTLs??

>>> Do you want everyone that has a parent with 600-3600 TTL on parent side NS records to force that policy on all their children?
>> 
>> I don't, at least.  I'd like to preserve as much of the current DNS behavior here as we can (thus, I really don't like the bailiwick rule that the paper authors recommend, since it will force all zones to be parent-centric, which is a major change to current behavior.)
>> 
>> I would think that if the rule was:
>> 
>> Credibility>
>>    Replace, update TTL
>> Credibility ==
>>    Replace, keeping existing TTL
>> 
>> then you would get the desired behavior.  That is, the first NS RRset from the child would update the RRset as normal, allowing the child to have a different NS RRset and whatever TTL they choose.  And when the child changes their NS RRset, it propagates at the same speed it does today (faster than the TTL expiration).  But the resolver will always revaluate the parent delegation after at most 2 TTL intervals.
>> 
> 
> Of the two alternatives, I like "Fetch NS" much better than the logic above.

Why?  I'll admit to not really understanding exactly what "Fetch NS" entails.  When does the resolver decide to issue the NS queries?

> Having said that I also like "Minimal answers" for authoritative servers as that forces resolvers to act more predictably :-)

Clearly, you think that the current DNS behavior of returning the apex NS RRset in the authority section provides no value.  My position is that I don't know that it doesn't, and thus would not like to throw that protocol feature away unnecessarily.

--
David Blacka                          <davidb@verisign.com> 
Principal               Verisign Infrastructure Engineering




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Subject: Re: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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On 13/02/2012 13:59, Blacka, David wrote:
>
> On Feb 13, 2012, at 12:18 PM, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
>
>> <still no-hat>
>>>
>>>> TTL stretching was a REAL BAD idea, and must be stamped out.
>>>
>>> What do you mean by "TTL stretching"?  Are you inventing new DNS terms?
>>>
>> Well I have been using this for a while, and I do recall where the definition originated. The issue this term is describing:
>
> Did you mean "I don't recall"?
>

Yes I meant "don't Recall"

>> When a resolver sees an RRset in an response, that it has in its cache,
>> it compares the RRset's and if identical it updates the TTL to reflect the RRset in the response.
>
> OK.  I agree this is a bad idea.  Although, in various implementation's defense, *why* it is a bad idea isn't necessarily obvious.  If you are thinking about improving the cache efficiency of your implementation, and not thinking about "cache pinning" problems, TTL stretching seems like a good idea.
>

>>>>> But changing "replace" with "replace-with-min-ttl" means you're conservative on timeout in the case of disagreement between old and new.
>>>>
>>>> I prefer that resolver perform Delete rather than this, that forces the resolver to reevaluate the delegation.
>>>
>>> So, every time a zone operator modifies the apex NS RRset, resolvers around the world instantly (as they query the zone for positive answers) invalidate the cached NSs and go back to the parent.  That seems like suboptimal behavior to me.
>>
>> I wish you would not use the word: optimal
>> as that is setting a value judgment without explicitly saying what you are optimizing.
>> In the past trying to do the optimal (packet count) thing vs the safest thing has got us in problems and I do not want to see that again.
>
> In the past, doing overly aggressive things have caused serious problem, too.  My concern with the use of "Delete" it that is has the potential for creating packet storms when a busy zone changes its apex NS RRset.
>

What I wrote originally was the resolver could do one of two things: 
Ignore or Delete.

If it does ignore the NS RRset will time out and at some point after 
that the resolver will find out about the change.

>> What happens depends both on the behavior of the resolver and the authoritative server that is asked.
>> For example if the authoritative server is using Minimal-answer (i.e. no authority section on positive answers).
>> Then the resolver does not see a new version of the NS set and is denied the opportunity to following ``optimizations''
>> 	- discover that the NS set has changed
>> 	- Stretch the TTL on the NS set
>
> Sure, minimal-answer does solve a set of problems, but I don't understand the consequences of widespread use of that feature.
>

The main consequence is that large set of resolvers will use the Parent 
side NS record.

>>>> In the case of resolver that does "Fetch NS" upon seeing the referral and adheres to RFC2181 credibility rules, it will always ignore NS set in authority section.
>>>
>>> Fair enough, but why do I have to do that extra query in order to solve this problem?
>>
>> Again here you are using value judgment as what is better:
>> 	fewer queries vs safety
>
> No, I'm suggesting that both are important.
>
>> If all resolvers in 2007 had implemented "Fetch NS" and applied credibility rules Kaminsky attack would never have become an issue.
>>
>> Similarly when authoritative severs use minimal answers the resolver only has the parent side NS set, what should the resolver do?
>> keep the parent side NS or lookup the Childs NS set.
>
> I don't know what they "should" do.  I suspect they keep the parent side NS, as that it what the resolution algorithm will naturally lead.
>
>>>> If a zone wants changes to propagate quickly it should use a smaller TTL. Resolvers should implement a MAX TTL both to purge old data faster, and to adopt faster to changes.
>>>
>>> Agreed.  However, I don't think there is any advice what a good max TTL value should be.  2 days? 7 days?
>>>
>>
>> Personally I think 1 day if a fine upper bound.
>
> What??? And disenfranchise the millions of 2 day TTLs??
>

Number is up for discussion and should be configurable, but for the 
record this is what the current version of Unbound does.
I suspect that most TTL decisions consist of pulling numbers out of a 
hat or looking at what someone else is doing because they know better :-)

>>>> Do you want everyone that has a parent with 600-3600 TTL on parent side NS records to force that policy on all their children?
>>>
>>> I don't, at least.  I'd like to preserve as much of the current DNS behavior here as we can (thus, I really don't like the bailiwick rule that the paper authors recommend, since it will force all zones to be parent-centric, which is a major change to current behavior.)
>>>
>>> I would think that if the rule was:
>>>
>>> Credibility>
>>>     Replace, update TTL
>>> Credibility ==
>>>     Replace, keeping existing TTL
>>>
>>> then you would get the desired behavior.  That is, the first NS RRset from the child would update the RRset as normal, allowing the child to have a different NS RRset and whatever TTL they choose.  And when the child changes their NS RRset, it propagates at the same speed it does today (faster than the TTL expiration).  But the resolver will always revaluate the parent delegation after at most 2 TTL intervals.
>>>
>>
>> Of the two alternatives, I like "Fetch NS" much better than the logic above.
>
> Why?  I'll admit to not really understanding exactly what "Fetch NS" entails.  When does the resolver decide to issue the NS queries?
>

The only time Resolver is required to do  "Fetch NS" is when it 
discovers the existence of the delegations by getting a referral from 
the parent.

>> Having said that I also like "Minimal answers" for authoritative servers as that forces resolvers to act more predictably :-)
>
> Clearly, you think that the current DNS behavior of returning the apex NS RRset in the authority section provides no value.  My position is that I don't know that it doesn't, and thus would not like to throw that protocol feature away unnecessarily.
>

I would phrase it differently "Currently having the apex NS RRset 
included in authority section of positive answers provides ability for 
badly written resolvers to misbehave to the determent of the Internet"

Background: I have been researching how to do Domain Name Transfers when 
DNSSEC is enabled on the domain. In doing that I realized that not all 
resolvers are following the protocol. The first thing I needed to 
educate myself was that using the word "Transfer" was a bad idea.
So I now call it "changing the DNS operator".
One of the questions to answer was when can the old operator turn off 
service ?
everyone's first guess is "NS TTL"
To that the followup question: which NS ?
second guess is "max of the two NS's TTL"
but that fails for the resolvers that stretch the TTL and have strong 
affinity for the domain going through the operator change, except when 
the old operator is doing "minimal answers" and the resolvers can not 
cheat.

	Olafur
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From: Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
References: <3699_1328861785_4F34D258_3699_2027_1_4F33E1A6.4030902@isc.org> <20120210084439.GB7284@laperouse.bortzmeyer.org> <4F34E0BF.9060305@nlnetlabs.nl> <4F353676.6090702@ogud.com> <161E2DAB-4355-4ED8-826A-6C5A0F74CE52@icsi.berkeley.edu> <4F357920.2000008@ogud.com> <6EEB712F-42B8-4318-ABAD-C11A94F61CC6@verisign.com> <4F3945EE.6070008@ogud.com> <a06240804cb5f0772c009@[192.168.128.21]>
Date: Mon, 13 Feb 2012 23:04:22 +0100
In-Reply-To: <a06240804cb5f0772c009@[192.168.128.21]> (Edward Lewis's message of "Mon\, 13 Feb 2012 13\:58\:50 -0500")
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* Edward Lewis:

> I looked briefly at the paper
> (http://www.isc.org/files/imce/ghostdomain_camera.pdf) and don't see
> this as a "vulnerability" but rather a result of a lack of revocation
> in the protocol.  (The paper says as much.)  Adding revocation isn't
> going to be easy.

I think before we could do that, we'd need to know how quickly the
revocation needs to take effect.  If the time period is rather short,
this rules out many potential approaches.

I'm also not sure if this is an actual problem.  For a couple of
years, we had unremovable names in COM & NET due to the way those
zones were provisioned, and while this was abused, very likely not
even intentionally, the world didn't end.  (Verisign fixed this prior
to the introduction of DNSSEC.)
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That's exactly it.
It could be less but that would mean you would be *almost* better off without EDNS (you still would get the additional flag field). You would be adding overhead to the DNS packet while limiting the packet size to a smaller amount than plain DNS creating an increased potential for fallback to TCP

Joao

On 13 Feb 2012, at 10:27, Edward Lewis wrote:

> At 14:05 +0100 2/13/12, W.C.A. Wijngaards wrote:
> 
>> Why is: udpsize < 512 MUST be treated as 512 size?
> 
> My assumption:
> 
> 1) For ease of implementation
> 2) Because if the bufsize is too small, the header might not fit. ;)
> 
> There's a need to set a lower bound for bufsize large enough to allow for even a FORMERR response.  That's, what 12 bytes give or take, way less than 512, but the protocol is used to 512 as hard size limit.
> 
> Do you want/need to see 512 lowered?
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis
> NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468
> 
> 2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
> _______________________________________________
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Elliptic Curve DSA for DNSSEC
	Author(s)       : Paul Hoffman
                          Wouter Wijngaards
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-05.txt
	Pages           : 8
	Date            : 2012-02-13

   This document describes how to specify Elliptic Curve DSA keys and
   signatures in DNSSEC.  It lists curves of different sizes, and uses
   the SHA-2 family of hashes for signatures.


A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-05.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-05.txt

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FWIW, this version was to assuage some ADs' concerns and make the (needed) correction to the front page.

--Paul Hoffman

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Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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i don't think we could introduce that feature and still call this EDNS(0)

Joao

On 13 Feb 2012, at 07:06, Florian Weimer wrote:

> * Olafur Gudmundsson:
> 
>> This draft closes all issues identified so far.
> 
> I'm still worried that this specification does not provide much
> guidance how to determine whether an authoritative server supports
> EDNS.
> 
> This requirement
> 
>   Responders which choose not to implement the protocol extensions
>   defined in this document MUST respond with a return code (RCODE) of
>   FORMERR to messages containing an OPT RR in the additional section
>   and MUST NOT include an OPT record in the response.
> 
> (section 8) updates RFC 1035.  This should be reflected in the
> document header.  I think this paragraph is too strict, the actual
> requirement is "MUST respond with FORMERR or process the query as if
> no OPT RR was present".  The "MUST NOT include an OPT record in the
> response" part is still a (minor) update to RFC 1035.  Originally, it
> was possible to generate FORMERR responses by flipping the QR bit and
> sending back the question packet.
> 
> Section 9 should mention that mistakenly disabling EDNS might lead to
> a denial of service.  Such a failure could be caused by a query which
> results in a FORMERR response, while other queries to the same server
> would not.
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From: Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
To: Joao Damas <joao@bondis.org>
References: <20120207130116.22821.43383.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <4F344AD0.9040607@ogud.com> <871upyept1.fsf@mid.deneb.enyo.de> <82D39247-19E7-4CC9-A847-574D69B808E6@bondis.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Feb 2012 09:35:23 +0100
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* Joao Damas:

> i don't think we could introduce that feature and still call this EDNS(0)

Which feature?

With the draft, when queried with an OPT RR, you either have to answer
with an OPT RR, or produce a FORMERR.  This answer wouldn't be allowed
anymore:

; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> @ns3.schlund.de. quantenblog.net. +dnssec +norecurse
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 41252
;; flags: qr aa; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;quantenblog.net.               IN      A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
quantenblog.net.        86400   IN      A       212.227.229.215

;; Query time: 34 msec
;; SERVER: 217.160.80.131#53(217.160.80.131)
;; WHEN: Tue Feb 14 09:33:21 2012
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 49

This definitely looks like an error in the draft to me.
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Subject: [dnsext] Fwd: [Geopriv] WGLC: draft-ietf-geopriv-res-gw-lis-discovery-02
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Folks on this list might be interested in this draft that is in WGLC in GEOPRIV. Please send comments to the GEOPRIV list if you have them.

Thanks,
Alissa

Begin forwarded message:

> From: Alissa Cooper <acooper@cdt.org>
> Date: February 14, 2012 10:20:28 AM EST
> To: GEOPRIV WG <geopriv@ietf.org>
> Subject: [Geopriv] WGLC: draft-ietf-geopriv-res-gw-lis-discovery-02
> 
> This is a GEOPRIV Working Group Last Call for comments on
> draft-ietf-geopriv-res-gw-lis-discovery-02
> 
> Please send your comments to the GEOPRIV list by 27 February 2012.  As always, please remember to send a note in if you've read the document and have no other comments other than "its ready to go" - we need those as much as we need "I found a problem."
> _______________________________________________
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Dear DNS community,

FYI: There is currently a document in GEOPRIV WGLC that makes use of NAPTR records in the reverse DNS hierarchy, and employs a "tree-walking" algorithm to locate records at points other than terminal points in the hierarchy (e.g., /32 and /48 instead of /128). 

If you have comments on this draft, please reply to geopriv@ietf.org by 27 Feb 2012.

Thanks a lot,
--Richard



Begin forwarded message:

> From: Alissa Cooper <acooper@cdt.org>
> Date: February 14, 2012 10:20:28 AM EST
> To: GEOPRIV WG <geopriv@ietf.org>
> Subject: [Geopriv] WGLC: draft-ietf-geopriv-res-gw-lis-discovery-02
> 
> This is a GEOPRIV Working Group Last Call for comments on
> draft-ietf-geopriv-res-gw-lis-discovery-02
> 
> Please send your comments to the GEOPRIV list by 27 February 2012.  As always, please remember to send a note in if you've read the document and have no other comments other than "its ready to go" - we need those as much as we need "I found a problem."
> _______________________________________________
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> Geopriv@ietf.org
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Subject: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-06.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Elliptic Curve DSA for DNSSEC
	Author(s)       : Paul Hoffman
                          Wouter Wijngaards
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-06.txt
	Pages           : 8
	Date            : 2012-02-15

   This document describes how to specify Elliptic Curve DSA keys and
   signatures in DNSSEC.  It lists curves of different sizes, and uses
   the SHA-2 family of hashes for signatures.


A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-06.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-06.txt

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At Olafur's request, we made explicit that we want IANA to use the values we used in the examples.

--Paul Hoffman

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Subject: Re: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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On Thu, Feb 9, 2012 at 7:09 AM, paul vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
> based on the renewed interest in the delegation and glue ttl problem
> caused by the "ghost domains" paper, i looked again at:
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vixie-dnsext-resimprove-00
>
> ...which i presented in prague about a year ago. the sticking point was:
>
> =A0 =A0B. Stopping a downward cache search when an NXDOMAIN is encountere=
d.
>
> and all of section 3. this proposal was considered controversial since
> two existing implementation (rbldnsd and tinydns) currently send
> nxdomain when queried for an empty nonterminal domain name. i did not
> agree that this was a problem since RBL DNS queries are always full
> length (that is, for all octets or all nybbles of an inverted host
> address) and since the DNSSEC specification clarified non-terminal names
> as existing but empty.
>
RFC 4035, "3.1.3.2.  Including NSEC RRs: Name Error Response" has the
following text towards the end:

   Note that this form of response includes cases in which SNAME
   corresponds to an empty non-terminal name within the zone (a name
   that is not the owner name for any RRset but that is the parent name
   of one or more RRsets).

I don't see anything clarified in the dnssec-bis-updates document
regarding this. Could you clarify what you meant by "DNSSEC
specification clarified non-terminal names as existing but empty" ?

thanks
mohan


> i now propose that we dust off this draft, remove (B) and section 3, and
> progress it not as an improvement but as a security and resiliency
> requirement (so, a proposed standard) in the face of the "ghost domain"
> problem.
>
> i may yet reintroduce the NXDOMAIN matter but i don't think that we
> should logjam on it any further.
>
> with five shows of support i would consider the editorial work involved
> here to be worth doing.
>
> paul
>
> _______________________________________________
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At 12:11 -0800 2/15/12, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:

>RFC 4035, "3.1.3.2.  Including NSEC RRs: Name Error Response" has the
>following text towards the end:
>
>    Note that this form of response includes cases in which SNAME
>    corresponds to an empty non-terminal name within the zone (a name
>    that is not the owner name for any RRset but that is the parent name
>    of one or more RRsets).
>
>I don't see anything clarified in the dnssec-bis-updates document
>regarding this. Could you clarify what you meant by "DNSSEC
>specification clarified non-terminal names as existing but empty" ?

Does RFC 4592, section 2.2 help?

Probably what was meant was that DNSSEC forced a clearer 
understanding of empty non-terminals among other issues, which 
spawned RFC 4592 and the words there updating what is meant by 
"existence."

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
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On 2/15/2012 8:11 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> On Thu, Feb 9, 2012 at 7:09 AM, paul vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
>> ... i did not
>> agree that this was a problem since RBL DNS queries are always full
>> length (that is, for all octets or all nybbles of an inverted host
>> address) and since the DNSSEC specification clarified non-terminal names
>> as existing but empty.
>>
> RFC 4035, "3.1.3.2.  Including NSEC RRs: Name Error Response" has the
> following text towards the end:
>
>    Note that this form of response includes cases in which SNAME
>    corresponds to an empty non-terminal name within the zone (a name
>    that is not the owner name for any RRset but that is the parent name
>    of one or more RRsets).
>
> I don't see anything clarified in the dnssec-bis-updates document
> regarding this. Could you clarify what you meant by "DNSSEC
> specification clarified non-terminal names as existing but empty" ?

what i mean is hard to quote a chapter and verse for, but in dnssec if
an authority server receives a query for a domain name which is empty of
rrsets but has children, then the answer is NOERROR not NXDOMAIN, and
there is no need to provide the usual proofs (of no wild card and so on)
that would accompany an NXDOMAIN response.

some dns implementations have been behaving this way for decades (BIND
for example). others have been returning NXDOMAIN under these
conditions. the original DNS spec didn't make either behaviour wrong. in
DNSSEC one way is right and the other way is wrong.

paul
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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
Cc: dnsext@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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On Wed, Feb 15, 2012 at 1:59 PM, Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
> On 2/15/2012 8:11 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>> On Thu, Feb 9, 2012 at 7:09 AM, paul vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
>>> ... i did not
>>> agree that this was a problem since RBL DNS queries are always full
>>> length (that is, for all octets or all nybbles of an inverted host
>>> address) and since the DNSSEC specification clarified non-terminal names
>>> as existing but empty.
>>>
>> RFC 4035, "3.1.3.2. =A0Including NSEC RRs: Name Error Response" has the
>> following text towards the end:
>>
>> =A0 =A0Note that this form of response includes cases in which SNAME
>> =A0 =A0corresponds to an empty non-terminal name within the zone (a name
>> =A0 =A0that is not the owner name for any RRset but that is the parent n=
ame
>> =A0 =A0of one or more RRsets).
>>
>> I don't see anything clarified in the dnssec-bis-updates document
>> regarding this. Could you clarify what you meant by "DNSSEC
>> specification clarified non-terminal names as existing but empty" ?
>
> what i mean is hard to quote a chapter and verse for, but in dnssec if
> an authority server receives a query for a domain name which is empty of
> rrsets but has children, then the answer is NOERROR not NXDOMAIN, and
> there is no need to provide the usual proofs (of no wild card and so on)
> that would accompany an NXDOMAIN response.
>
> some dns implementations have been behaving this way for decades (BIND
> for example). others have been returning NXDOMAIN under these
> conditions. the original DNS spec didn't make either behaviour wrong. in
> DNSSEC one way is right and the other way is wrong.
>
Ok. The problem is that RFC 4035, section 3.1.3.2, mentions about ENT
under the name error response. That should be clarified in the
dnssec-bis-updates document then.

-mohan

>
> paul
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In message <CACU5sDnNUeSrW54AcodDF2MBiQP_rr2YmyFEbsqH5eAvCE5vrw@mail.gmail.com>,
 Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> On Wed, Feb 15, 2012 at 1:59 PM, Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
> > On 2/15/2012 8:11 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> >> On Thu, Feb 9, 2012 at 7:09 AM, paul vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
> >>> ... i did not
> >>> agree that this was a problem since RBL DNS queries are always full
> >>> length (that is, for all octets or all nybbles of an inverted host
> >>> address) and since the DNSSEC specification clarified non-terminal names
> >>> as existing but empty.
> >>>
> >> RFC 4035, "3.1.3.2. =A0Including NSEC RRs: Name Error Response" has the
> >> following text towards the end:
> >>
> >> =A0 =A0Note that this form of response includes cases in which SNAME
> >> =A0 =A0corresponds to an empty non-terminal name within the zone (a name
> >> =A0 =A0that is not the owner name for any RRset but that is the parent n=
> ame
> >> =A0 =A0of one or more RRsets).
> >>
> >> I don't see anything clarified in the dnssec-bis-updates document
> >> regarding this. Could you clarify what you meant by "DNSSEC
> >> specification clarified non-terminal names as existing but empty" ?
> >
> > what i mean is hard to quote a chapter and verse for, but in dnssec if
> > an authority server receives a query for a domain name which is empty of
> > rrsets but has children, then the answer is NOERROR not NXDOMAIN, and
> > there is no need to provide the usual proofs (of no wild card and so on)
> > that would accompany an NXDOMAIN response.
> >
> > some dns implementations have been behaving this way for decades (BIND
> > for example). others have been returning NXDOMAIN under these
> > conditions. the original DNS spec didn't make either behaviour wrong. in
> > DNSSEC one way is right and the other way is wrong.
> >
> Ok. The problem is that RFC 4035, section 3.1.3.2, mentions about ENT
> under the name error response. That should be clarified in the
> dnssec-bis-updates document then.
> 
> -mohan
> 
> >
> > paul
> _______________________________________________
> dnsext mailing list
> dnsext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext

ENT exists in 1035.  The early DNSSEC RFC turned ENT into NXD by
say there were no *names* between the end points of the NSEC record.
4035 repaired that defect by saying there were no *records* between
the end points of the NSEC record.

As for the paragraph in question is is warning the ENT may exist
in the range covered by the NSEC record.  i.e. you can't assume
that because a name is in the range that NXD is correct.  You need
to do additional checks.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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Subject: [dnsext] Publication request: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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Ralph,
please start IETF LC for this document, requested status is:
INTERNET STANDARD

if that is not possible Proposed Standard is OK.


	thanks
	Olafur


Changes are expected over time. This version is dated September 17, 2008.

   (1.a) Who is the Document Shepherd for this document? Has the
         Document Shepherd personally reviewed this version of the
         document and, in particular, does he or she believe this
         version is ready for forwarding to the IESG for publication?

	Olafur Gudmundsson ogud at ogud.com is the document shepherd
	I have personally reviewed this and prior versions, this
	document is ready for publication.

   (1.b) Has the document had adequate review both from key WG members
         and from key non-WG members? Does the Document Shepherd have
         any concerns about the depth or breadth of the reviews that
         have been performed?

	This document has had extensive review and comments over its
	lifetime as well as during the lifetime of its precursor
	RFC2671.
	There are no concerns with the reviews.
	
   (1.c) Does the Document Shepherd have concerns that the document
         needs more review from a particular or broader perspective,
         e.g., security, operational complexity, someone familiar with
         AAA, internationalization or XML?

	No

   (1.d) Does the Document Shepherd have any specific concerns or
         issues with this document that the Responsible Area Director
         and/or the IESG should be aware of? For example, perhaps he
         or she is uncomfortable with certain parts of the document, or
         has concerns whether there really is a need for it. In any
         event, if the WG has discussed those issues and has indicated
         that it still wishes to advance the document, detail those
         concerns here. Has an IPR disclosure related to this document
         been filed? If so, please include a reference to the
         disclosure and summarize the WG discussion and conclusion on
         this issue.

	No IPR disclosure, this is a real important document.
	The precursor document was written in pre-RFC2119 style that
	made it sometimes hard to nail down exact intent of text, this
	document attempts to adress the issues with RFC2671 and
	various deployment issues we have run into over the years.
	All Normative refernecs are "Full Standard", being obsolted or
	"Proposed Standard".

   (1.e) How solid is the WG consensus behind this document? Does it
         represent the strong concurrence of a few individuals, with
         others being silent, or does the WG as a whole understand and
         agree with it?

	Quite solid there are some people that want stronger languague
	in certain places and others that want weaker. The WG understands
	the document and is overall happy with it.

   (1.f) Has anyone threatened an appeal or otherwise indicated extreme
         discontent? If so, please summarise the areas of conflict in
         separate email messages to the Responsible Area Director. (It
         should be in a separate email because this questionnaire is
         entered into the ID Tracker.)

	No

   (1.g) Has the Document Shepherd personally verified that the
         document satisfies all ID nits? (See the Internet-Drafts Checklist
         and http://tools.ietf.org/tools/idnits/). Boilerplate checks are
         not enough; this check needs to be thorough. Has the document
         met all formal review criteria it needs to, such as the MIB
         Doctor, media type and URI type reviews?

	Yes

   (1.h) Has the document split its references into normative and
         informative? Are there normative references to documents that
         are not ready for advancement or are otherwise in an unclear
         state? If such normative references exist, what is the
         strategy for their completion? Are there normative references
         that are downward references, as described in [RFC3967]? If
         so, list these downward references to support the Area
         Director in the Last Call procedure for them [RFC3967].

	Yes the references are split.
	If this document is published as Internet Standard one
	normative reference is a downref RFC3225 that is only included
	here due to the fact that a registry requested by RFC2671 was
	not created by IANA but backfilled much later and this
	document fills out the current values of the registry.

   (1.i) Has the Document Shepherd verified that the document IANA
         consideration section exists and is consistent with the body
         of the document? If the document specifies protocol
         extensions, are reservations requested in appropriate IANA
         registries? Are the IANA registries clearly identified? If
         the document creates a new registry, does it define the
         proposed initial contents of the registry and an allocation
         procedure for future registrations? Does it suggest a
         reasonable name for the new registry? See [RFC5226]. If the
         document describes an Expert Review process has Shepherd
         conferred with the Responsible Area Director so that the IESG
         can appoint the needed Expert during the IESG Evaluation?

	Yes IANA considerations section is present and actionable by
	IANA.

   (1.j) Has the Document Shepherd verified that sections of the
         document that are written in a formal language, such as XML
         code, BNF rules, MIB definitions, etc., validate correctly in
         an automated checker?

	Does not apply

   (1.k) The IESG approval announcement includes a Document
         Announcement Write-Up. Please provide such a Document
         Announcement Write-Up? Recent examples can be found in the
         "Action" announcements for approved documents. The approval
         announcement contains the following sections:
      Technical Summary
         Relevant content can frequently be found in the abstract
         and/or introduction of the document. If not, this may be
         an indication that there are deficiencies in the abstract
         or introduction.
----
    The Domain Name System's wire protocol includes a number of fixed
    fields whose range has been or soon will be exhausted and does not
    allow requestors to advertise their capabilities to responders.  This
    document describes backward compatible mechanisms for allowing the
    protocol to grow.

    This document updates the EDNS0 specification (RFC 2671) based on
    feedback from deployment experience in several implementations.  It
    also closes the IANA registry for extended labels created as part of
    RFC 2671 and obsoletes RFC 2673 ("Binary Labels in the Domain Name
    System") which depends on the existence of extended labels.

    The main contribution of RFC2671 was to allow larger DNS messages
    over UDP, beween cooperating parties, this is crucial for DNSSEC
    and other modern DNS uses.
----

      Working Group Summary
         Was there anything in WG process that is worth noting? For
         example, was there controversy about particular points or
         were there decisions where the consensus was particularly
         rough?

-----
       Working group is solidly behind this document.
----

      Document Quality
         Are there existing implementations of the protocol? Have a
         significant number of vendors indicated their plan to
         implement the specification? Are there any reviewers that
         merit special mention as having done a thorough review,
         e.g., one that resulted in important changes or a
         conclusion that the document had no substantive issues? If
         there was a MIB Doctor, Media Type or other expert review,
         what was its course (briefly)? In the case of a Media Type
         review, on what date was the request posted?

There are many implemenations of this specification, the working group
wish is that this be published as Internet Standard. This document is the
cummulation of fair ammount of work and experience. During the WG process
most of the changes in the document were stylistic and presentation
ones rather than technical.
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Subject: [dnsext] Last Call: <draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-06.txt> (Elliptic Curve DSA for	DNSSEC) to Proposed Standard
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The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG (dnsext) to
consider the following document:
- 'Elliptic Curve DSA for DNSSEC'
  <draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-06.txt> as a Proposed Standard

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2012-03-01. Exceptionally, comments may be
sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.

Note that the intended status of this document is "Proposed Standard."  The
document previously went through an IETF last call with intended status
of "Informational."  The document is to be published as "Proposed Standard"
to meet the requirements of the IANA registries to be updated.

Abstract


   This document describes how to specify Elliptic Curve DSA keys and
   signatures in DNSSEC.  It lists curves of different sizes, and uses
   the SHA-2 family of hashes for signatures.




The file can be obtained via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa/

IESG discussion can be tracked via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa/


The following IPR Declarations may be related to this I-D:

   http://datatracker.ietf.org/ipr/1597/



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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <suruti94@gmail.com>
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] perhaps we should reintroduce "resimprove"
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On Wed, Feb 15, 2012 at 5:24 PM, Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:
>
> In message <CACU5sDnNUeSrW54AcodDF2MBiQP_rr2YmyFEbsqH5eAvCE5vrw@mail.gmai=
l.com>,
> =A0Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
>> On Wed, Feb 15, 2012 at 1:59 PM, Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
>> > On 2/15/2012 8:11 PM, Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
>> >> On Thu, Feb 9, 2012 at 7:09 AM, paul vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:
>> >>> ... i did not
>> >>> agree that this was a problem since RBL DNS queries are always full
>> >>> length (that is, for all octets or all nybbles of an inverted host
>> >>> address) and since the DNSSEC specification clarified non-terminal n=
ames
>> >>> as existing but empty.
>> >>>
>> >> RFC 4035, "3.1.3.2. =3DA0Including NSEC RRs: Name Error Response" has=
 the
>> >> following text towards the end:
>> >>
>> >> =3DA0 =3DA0Note that this form of response includes cases in which SN=
AME
>> >> =3DA0 =3DA0corresponds to an empty non-terminal name within the zone =
(a name
>> >> =3DA0 =3DA0that is not the owner name for any RRset but that is the p=
arent n=3D
>> ame
>> >> =3DA0 =3DA0of one or more RRsets).
>> >>
>> >> I don't see anything clarified in the dnssec-bis-updates document
>> >> regarding this. Could you clarify what you meant by "DNSSEC
>> >> specification clarified non-terminal names as existing but empty" ?
>> >
>> > what i mean is hard to quote a chapter and verse for, but in dnssec if
>> > an authority server receives a query for a domain name which is empty =
of
>> > rrsets but has children, then the answer is NOERROR not NXDOMAIN, and
>> > there is no need to provide the usual proofs (of no wild card and so o=
n)
>> > that would accompany an NXDOMAIN response.
>> >
>> > some dns implementations have been behaving this way for decades (BIND
>> > for example). others have been returning NXDOMAIN under these
>> > conditions. the original DNS spec didn't make either behaviour wrong. =
in
>> > DNSSEC one way is right and the other way is wrong.
>> >
>> Ok. The problem is that RFC 4035, section 3.1.3.2, mentions about ENT
>> under the name error response. That should be clarified in the
>> dnssec-bis-updates document then.
>>
>> -mohan
>>
>> >
>> > paul
>> _______________________________________________
>> dnsext mailing list
>> dnsext@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext
>
> ENT exists in 1035. =A0The early DNSSEC RFC turned ENT into NXD by
> say there were no *names* between the end points of the NSEC record.
> 4035 repaired that defect by saying there were no *records* between
> the end points of the NSEC record.
>
> As for the paragraph in question is is warning the ENT may exist
> in the range covered by the NSEC record. =A0i.e. you can't assume
> that because a name is in the range that NXD is correct. =A0You need
> to do additional checks.
>
Ok, but I can't see how the text that I quoted translates to this. I
would have expected to see some text for the NOERROR case. It looks
like someone proposed text for this case longtime back and it did not
make it to the draft.

http://fixunix.com/dns/57177-rfc4035-missing-text-empty-non-terminal-proof.=
html

Can't tell where this was proposed.

-mohan

> --
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 INTERNET: marka@is=
c.org
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb 18 08:58:27 2012
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From: Jonathan Vomacka <juvix88@gmail.com>
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BIND Community Support,

I am inquiring about how to setup a proper SPF record? I know there are 
SPF wizards/generators available but each seem to have a different 
"opinion" of what should be included and what should not be included.

Let me give you a scenario of my setup, and hopefully someone can help 
me out.

My domain is: test.com
My mailserver hostname is: mail.host.com which also has a MATCHING PTR 
record
mail.host.com (for example) resolves to 50.1.1.1 and 50.1.1.1 resolves 
to mail.host.com

This is a STANDALONE mail server without any VIP's or load balancing. 
There is however one additional host that will send out mail from the 
domain but it wont be receiving mail, it will only be used as an SMTP 
server attached to a website automailer... It only generates error 
reports and sends them out... so technically it isn't a full mail server 
but it will be sending (outbound only) mail on behalf of the domain.

The additional host is: mail2.test.com which resolves to 50.2.2.2 and 
there is a Matching PTR.

These are the ONLY mail servers and IP addresses that will be sending 
out mail from the test.com domain. Some websites say I should use -all 
and others say -all will cause some MTA's to reject and ~all is better 
to use even if those are the only two hosts sending out mail.

Would you be able to assist with a solid SPF record?


From dnsext-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Feb 21 14:19:16 2012
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Dear colleagues,

Apologies if you see this more than once.  Because of prior interest
here, I'm posting this message here, but not cross-posting.

ICANN has published the final version of the Variant Issues Project
report, and has published a project plan for next steps.  You may read
about these developments on the following pages:

http://www.icann.org/en/announcements/announcement-20feb12-en.htm
http://www.icann.org/en/public-comment/idn-vip-proposed-project-plan-20feb12-en.htm

Best regards,

Andrew

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] [dane] End of TTL during TLS setup
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------- Blind-Carbon-Copy

To: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
Cc: dane@ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <20120216215821.GQ29243@mail.yitter.info> <201202211638.q1LGcHdw003904@fs4113.wdf.sap.corp> <20120221170058.GE34608@mail.yitter.info>
Subject: Re: [dane] End of TTL during TLS setup
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 21 Feb 2012 12:00:58 CDT."
             <20120221170058.GE34608@mail.yitter.info>
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 09:26:30 +1100


In message <20120221170058.GE34608@mail.yitter.info>, Andrew Sullivan writes:
> On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 05:38:17PM +0100, Martin Rex wrote:
> > 
> > To me that sounds _much_ too complicated.  The TTL on a DNS record
> > is not a security feature anyway, so I do not see a justification to
> > treat TTLs of TLSA records any different than TTLs on other DNS
> > records
> 
> I'd actually agree with this but for the text that was already there,
> which says that the negotiation has to complete before the TTL
> expires.  Your suggested alternative will not in some cases meet that
> requirement.  I presumed the WG had a reason to phrase it this way; if
> not, then your suggestion is better.
> 
> A

The important time is the RRSIG's expiration time of the RRSIG that
validated the RRset (i.e. you have to choose the correct one).  TTL
is a cache refresh parameter.  You will get TTL's of zero seconds
which means "use for this transaction" not "use within 0 seconds".

[TTL trimming is also something that is not well specified in RFC 4035
but that is dnsext fodder for as long as dnsext exists.  Personally I
thing it is too early to shutdown dnsext as DNSSEC is just begining to
be used widely enough for specification problems to start to surface
from applications. Bcc: dnsext@ietf.org]

- -- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org

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Subject: [dnsext] downcasing of names in IPSECKEY and HIP?
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Dear colleagues,

working from dnssec-bis-updates-16 section 5.1, and 6.2 of 4034, I gather that the rule for downcasing names in RDATA is not simply "downcase everything that is a name", but that the RRtypes listed have been selected for a reason. I am also under the impression that new RRtypes are excluded from the downcasing rules.

Now, types like IPSECKEY and HIP have appeared during , and their RFCs do not explicitly state whether the names appearing in their RDATA should be lowercased in their canonical form for DNSSEC. 

My questions:
- is the exclusion of newer types from these rules intentional? (I could think of a few reasons)
- shouldn't we expect RFCs/drafts for new RRtypes to be explicit about downcasing and perhaps other aspects of canonicalisation?

My apologies if answers to these questions are in the archives; I did a cursory search but did not find anything.

Kind regards,
Peter van Dijk

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Subject: Re: [dnsext] downcasing of names in IPSECKEY and HIP?
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In message <7D06DD86-7FF8-467E-B320-32B525C72B9C@netherlabs.nl>, Peter van Dijk
 writes:
> Dear colleagues,
> 
> working from dnssec-bis-updates-16 section 5.1, and 6.2 of 4034, I gather tha
> t the rule for downcasing names in RDATA is not simply "downcase everything t
> hat is a name", but that the RRtypes listed have been selected for a reason. 

To make those types work as the rdata can be compressed and there is no
requirement for the compression to preserve case.

> I am also under the impression that new RRtypes are excluded from the downcas
> ing rules.
> 
> Now, types like IPSECKEY and HIP have appeared during , and their RFCs do not
> explicitly state whether the names appearing in their RDATA should be lowerc
> ased in their canonical form for DNSSEC. 
> 
> My questions:
> - is the exclusion of newer types from these rules intentional? (I could thin
> k of a few reasons)
> - shouldn't we expect RFCs/drafts for new RRtypes to be explicit about downca
> sing and perhaps other aspects of canonicalisation?

No.  We have rules for how to validate data that you don't know the
internal structure of.  All new RR 's need to be compatible with
those rules.  That is the *entire* system needs to preserve case
of domain names in all new records.  If compression is used it MUST
be done in a case preserving manner.  It would also require signaling
that the client understands the internal structure of the record.
This could be done with EDNS.

> My apologies if answers to these questions are in the archives; I did a curso
> ry search but did not find anything.

The answers are in the RFCs.  http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3597.txt
 
The discussion about downcasing was triggered because the new rules were not
followed and as they were DNSSEC records it wasn't noticed.

> Kind regards,
> Peter van Dijk
> 
> _______________________________________________
> dnsext mailing list
> dnsext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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At 22:18 +1100 2/23/12, Mark Andrews wrote:
>  Peter van Dijk writes:
>>  Dear colleagues,
>>
>>  working from dnssec-bis-updates-16 section 5.1, and 6.2 of 4034, I 
>>gather tha
>>  t the rule for downcasing names in RDATA is not simply "downcase 
>>everything t
>>  hat is a name", but that the RRtypes listed have been selected for a reason.
...
>>  My apologies if answers to these questions are in the archives; I 
>>did a curso
>>  ry search but did not find anything.
>
>The answers are in the RFCs.  http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3597.txt

Except that the RFCs aren't clear and contradict themselves.  I'm 
responding because I spent a non-trivial amount of time on this very 
topic sometime last year.

The general rule is supposed to be: if the type is compressible any 
domain name in the RDATA has to be downcased when doing DNSSEC 
operations (signing, validating).  That is because the case of the 
domain name might change due to the order of the response packet and 
the extent to which the sender tries to maintain case.

But, mistakes were made.  Compression was defined early.  A problem 
arose when new types, those in 1183 and later, were defined and 
implementers assumed that these new types should be compressed.  The 
reason they shouldn't was related to backwards compatibility, but 
that wasn't seen as a crucial design goal at the time.  Because some 
implementations of types defined in this "era" compressed the names, 
today we say "be prepared to see these compressed but don't compress 
them anymore."  Hence, down casing is needed.

And then there's the most frustrating case of the RRSIG.  Although it 
was defined after the new enlightenment that new types should not be 
compressed, the leading implementation continued to down case the 
type by mistake.  Kind of illustrating that code beats specification, 
other implementations followed the leading implementation and not the 
specification.  To this day, if you don't down case RRSIG there will 
likely be interoperability problems with your implementation.

 From my spreadsheet, the following type codes are to be down cased for DNSSEC:

2-9,12,14,15,17,18,21,24,26,30,33,35,36,38,39,46.
(Some of those are obsolete.)

The types that are to be compressed on sending and might (will) be on 
receiving:

2-9,12,14,15.

These are in the "well-known" range, those defined in STD 13 documents.

Types not to be compressed when sending but might be on receiving:

17,18,21,24,26,30,33,35.

The other types, 36, 38, 39, 46 are KX, A6, DNAME, and RRSIG.  Except 
for RRSIG, these were simply erroneously defined as needing to be 
down cased from the start.

As far as I can tell...
-- 
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Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
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At 9:26 +1100 2/22/12, <marka@isc.org> wrote:
>------- Blind-Carbon-Copy

?, Well, I don't think this was meant to be private.

>The important time is the RRSIG's expiration time of the RRSIG that
>validated the RRset (i.e. you have to choose the correct one).  TTL
>is a cache refresh parameter.  You will get TTL's of zero seconds
>which means "use for this transaction" not "use within 0 seconds".
>
>[TTL trimming is also something that is not well specified in RFC 4035
>but that is dnsext fodder for as long as dnsext exists.  Personally I
>thing it is too early to shutdown dnsext as DNSSEC is just begining to
>be used widely enough for specification problems to start to surface
>from applications. Bcc: dnsext@ietf.org]

Before using the value in any field (of any protocol) you need to 
know what it is there.

The TTL is there to keep DNS cache contents fresh.  It's an estimate 
of how long the authority server thinks the data will remain constant.

The RRSIG expiry is the time at which the signature is no longer 
valid as proof of source authenticity and data integrity of the set 
it "covers."  In addition, the time fields in RRSIG are providing a 
defense against replay attacks and a rudimentary means of dealing 
with the need to revoke cryptographic-based credentials.

Neither of these address the correctness of the data, the timeliness 
of the data, the sequence of the data, etc.  The TTL is there solely 
to enable the caching mechanism and the RRSIG dates are there solely 
to protect the DNSSEC validation process.

Any other uses of those fields may engender unintended consequences.

Have we ever ended a Telnet session because the A record TTL'd out?
-- 
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NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
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From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <7D06DD86-7FF8-467E-B320-32B525C72B9C@netherlabs.nl> <20120223111847.DFDA81DC1B7B@drugs.dv.isc.org> <a06240800cb6beed8cba6@[10.31.203.212]>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] downcasing of names in IPSECKEY and HIP?
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In message <a06240800cb6beed8cba6@[10.31.203.212]>, Edward Lewis writes:
> At 22:18 +1100 2/23/12, Mark Andrews wrote:
> >  Peter van Dijk writes:
> >>  Dear colleagues,
> >>
> >>  working from dnssec-bis-updates-16 section 5.1, and 6.2 of 4034, I 
> >>gather tha
> >>  t the rule for downcasing names in RDATA is not simply "downcase 
> >>everything t
> >>  hat is a name", but that the RRtypes listed have been selected for a reas
> on.
> ...
> >>  My apologies if answers to these questions are in the archives; I 
> >>did a curso
> >>  ry search but did not find anything.
> >
> >The answers are in the RFCs.  http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3597.txt
> 
> Except that the RFCs aren't clear and contradict themselves.  I'm 
> responding because I spent a non-trivial amount of time on this very 
> topic sometime last year.
> 
> The general rule is supposed to be: if the type is compressible any 
> domain name in the RDATA has to be downcased when doing DNSSEC 
> operations (signing, validating).  That is because the case of the 
> domain name might change due to the order of the response packet and 
> the extent to which the sender tries to maintain case.
> 
> But, mistakes were made.  Compression was defined early.  A problem 
> arose when new types, those in 1183 and later, were defined and 
> implementers assumed that these new types should be compressed.  The 
> reason they shouldn't was related to backwards compatibility, but 
> that wasn't seen as a crucial design goal at the time.  Because some 
> implementations of types defined in this "era" compressed the names, 
> today we say "be prepared to see these compressed but don't compress 
> them anymore."  Hence, down casing is needed.

To compress of not is more a matter of signaling understanding of
records internals.  No such signaling has been defined so we don't
compress as we don't now if the receiver can expand the compression.

We could add a EDNS option with a bit map similar to NSEC's bitmap
that signaled understanding of the type's internals. This would
allow us to compress any type identified by the bit map.   We would
still need to do lossless compression rather than the lossy compression
currently used so that DNSSEC signatures do not break.

New AXFR implementations are supposed to use lossless compression,
rather than lossy compression, so that the case of compressed rdata
is preserved.  This is done by using compression pointers that point
to label sequences that have the correct case.

Case preservation was one of the design goals of the DNS, it just
not been well implemented.

RFC 1035, 2.3.3. Character Case

For all parts of the DNS that are part of the official protocol, all
comparisons between character strings (e.g., labels, domain names, etc.)
are done in a case-insensitive manner.  At present, this rule is in
force throughout the domain system without exception.  However, future
additions beyond current usage may need to use the full binary octet
capabilities in names, so attempts to store domain names in 7-bit ASCII
or use of special bytes to terminate labels, etc., should be avoided.

> And then there's the most frustrating case of the RRSIG.  Although it 
> was defined after the new enlightenment that new types should not be 
> compressed, the leading implementation continued to down case the 
> type by mistake.  Kind of illustrating that code beats specification, 
> other implementations followed the leading implementation and not the 
> specification.  To this day, if you don't down case RRSIG there will 
> likely be interoperability problems with your implementation.
> 
>  From my spreadsheet, the following type codes are to be down cased for DNSSE
> C:
> 
> 2-9,12,14,15,17,18,21,24,26,30,33,35,36,38,39,46.
> (Some of those are obsolete.)
> 
> The types that are to be compressed on sending and might (will) be on 
> receiving:
> 
> 2-9,12,14,15.
> 
> These are in the "well-known" range, those defined in STD 13 documents.
> 
> Types not to be compressed when sending but might be on receiving:
> 
> 17,18,21,24,26,30,33,35.
> 
> The other types, 36, 38, 39, 46 are KX, A6, DNAME, and RRSIG.  Except 
> for RRSIG, these were simply erroneously defined as needing to be 
> down cased from the start.
> 
> As far as I can tell...
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis
> NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468
> 
> 2012...time to reuse those 1984 calendars!
> _______________________________________________
> dnsext mailing list
> dnsext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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W.C.A. Wijngaards writes:
> Could the authors put text in 6.1.1:
> The OPT record is normally placed near the end of the additional section.
>
> Because then there is guidance for the 'normal case'.

Given the interest in trying to have an EDNS-capable server include
the OPT whenever possible, I'd recommend that the guidance be for the
record to be first.

I'd actually thought that was what earlier drafts said, but going back
to them I see they didn't do it explicitly and I only inferred it
because the simplest algorithm for building the reply would be "add
the OPT if it fits, then add any other records until you run out of
room."  There are, of course, other ways of doing it, but providing
guidance that it be first emphasizes the idea that the OPT is the one
Additional RR that we really want to be present if at all possible.
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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Hi Dave,

On 02/24/2012 04:10 PM, Dave Lawrence wrote:
> W.C.A. Wijngaards writes:
>> Could the authors put text in 6.1.1: The OPT record is normally
>> placed near the end of the additional section.
>> 
>> Because then there is guidance for the 'normal case'.
> 
> Given the interest in trying to have an EDNS-capable server
> include the OPT whenever possible, I'd recommend that the guidance
> be for the record to be first.
> 
> I'd actually thought that was what earlier drafts said, but going
> back to them I see they didn't do it explicitly and I only inferred
> it because the simplest algorithm for building the reply would be
> "add the OPT if it fits, then add any other records until you run
> out of room."  There are, of course, other ways of doing it, but
> providing guidance that it be first emphasizes the idea that the
> OPT is the one Additional RR that we really want to be present if
> at all possible.

Yes, you want EDNS OPT to be present if at all possible.
No, not at the start of the additional section, it is near the end of
the additional section.  The idea is that you reserve some space at
the end of the packet for the EDNS OPT record.  Then, you try to fit
as much additional-section data and so forth as you want into the
remaining space that is available.

I do not think 'first' is backwards compatible.

Best regards,
   Wouter
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W.C.A. Wijngaards writes:
> I do not think [putting the OPT] 'first' is backwards compatible.

What is broken by it?
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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Hi Dave,

On 02/24/2012 05:03 PM, Dave Lawrence wrote:
> W.C.A. Wijngaards writes:
>> I do not think [putting the OPT] 'first' is backwards
>> compatible.
> 
> What is broken by it?

Today's custom in creating the packets puts the EDNS OPT at the end.

I do not know of any code that fails, I thought mine would, but a
quick scan into the code reveals it works fine.

Best regards,
   Wouter
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To: "W.C.A. Wijngaards" <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <20120207130116.22821.43383.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <4F344AD0.9040607@ogud.com> <4F390A8E.5050200@nlnetlabs.nl> <20295.43122.988885.227069@gro.dd.org> <4F47B189.8050407@nlnetlabs.nl> <20295.46269.445854.387208@gro.dd.org> <4F47B67E.1090801@nlnetlabs.nl>
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 24 Feb 2012 17:10:38 BST." <4F47B67E.1090801@nlnetlabs.nl>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-08.txt
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You always need to reserve the space.  The OPT record is a extension
of the DNS header.  OPT takes precedence over answers.  Once you have
reserved the space putting it at the end is easy.

If I was doing EDNS again I would have used opcode "EDNS" and added
the extra fields immediately after the existing header before the
question.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
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Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2012 13:04:42 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Dear colleagues,

The DNSEXT session for Paris has been scheduled.

2011-03-27 at 17:10 Paris time.

Conflicts: marf, iccrg, netconf, sipcore, isis, mile.

Best regards,

A
-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2012 13:10:21 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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On Mon, Feb 27, 2012 at 01:04:42PM -0500, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> Dear colleagues,
> 
> The DNSEXT session for Paris has been scheduled.
> 
> 2011-03-27 at 17:10 Paris time.

Because, of course, we're the timetravel WG.

Sorry about that, it'll be 2012-03-27.

A


-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
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On Feb 27, 2012, at 10:10 AM, Andrew Sullivan wrote:

> On Mon, Feb 27, 2012 at 01:04:42PM -0500, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
>> Dear colleagues,
>> 
>> The DNSEXT session for Paris has been scheduled.
>> 
>> 2011-03-27 at 17:10 Paris time.
> 
> Because, of course, we're the timetravel WG.

RFC 1035 says that TTLs are positive integers, but there is no "MUST" there.

--Paul Hoffman

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Elliptic Curve DSA for DNSSEC
	Author(s)       : Paul Hoffman
                          Wouter Wijngaards
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-07.txt
	Pages           : 8
	Date            : 2012-02-29

   This document describes how to specify Elliptic Curve DSA keys and
   signatures in DNSSEC.  It lists curves of different sizes, and uses
   the SHA-2 family of hashes for signatures.


A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-07.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-ecdsa-07.txt

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