From nobody Wed Aug 9 19:04:22 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 64DA6129A92 for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 19:04:21 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -4.22 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-4.22 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H3=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01, SPF_PASS=-0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id DSwnzatTGzGu for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 19:04:19 -0700 (PDT) Received: from lhrrgout.huawei.com (lhrrgout.huawei.com [194.213.3.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher RC4-SHA (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 0F4FD132518 for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 19:04:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: from 172.18.7.190 (EHLO lhreml705-cah.china.huawei.com) ([172.18.7.190]) by lhrrg02-dlp.huawei.com (MOS 4.3.7-GA FastPath queued) with ESMTP id DMH47839; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:04:17 +0000 (GMT) Received: from DGGEMI405-HUB.china.huawei.com (10.3.17.143) by lhreml705-cah.china.huawei.com (10.201.108.46) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 14.3.301.0; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 03:04:16 +0100 Received: from DGGEMI509-MBS.china.huawei.com ([169.254.2.103]) by dggemi405-hub.china.huawei.com ([10.3.17.143]) with mapi id 14.03.0301.000; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 10:04:10 +0800 From: "qiangli (D)" To: "netslices@ietf.org" Thread-Topic: Reliability & Availability in NetSling Thread-Index: AdMRfN5eHIJHr9ZeRXW5IRXAHZDYnQ== Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:04:09 +0000 Message-ID: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com> Accept-Language: zh-CN, en-US Content-Language: zh-CN X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: x-originating-ip: [10.130.163.138] Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7dggemi509mbschi_" MIME-Version: 1.0 X-CFilter-Loop: Reflected X-Mirapoint-Virus-RAPID-Raw: score=unknown(0), refid=str=0001.0A020206.598BBF21.00E6, ss=1, re=0.000, recu=0.000, reip=0.000, cl=1, cld=1, fgs=0, ip=169.254.2.103, so=2013-06-18 04:22:30, dmn=2013-03-21 17:37:32 X-Mirapoint-Loop-Id: cf44b3a38bd0ff7effb5bdb6c32e8d45 Archived-At: Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:04:21 -0000 --_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7dggemi509mbschi_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi All, I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related materials. It see= ms that "Reliability" supported by Netslicing refers to the probability tha= t a network slice could work stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn= 't this be the defination of "Availability"? Then what does reliability mea= n in NetSlicing? Best regards, Cristina QIANG --_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7dggemi509mbschi_ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hi All,

 

I was confused when I was readi= ng some NetSlicing related materials. It seems that “Reliability̶= 1; supported by Netslicing refers to the probability that a network slice c= ould work stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn’t this be the defination of “Availability”? Then= what does reliability mean in NetSlicing?

 

 

Best regards,=

 

Cristina QIANG

 

--_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7dggemi509mbschi_-- From nobody Wed Aug 9 19:44:21 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 69C94127735 for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 19:44:18 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -1.124 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-1.124 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, FORGED_HOTMAIL_RCVD2=0.874, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_PASS=-0.001, URIBL_BLOCKED=0.001] autolearn=no autolearn_force=no Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=hotmail.com Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id 6ezuzmXTkLCG for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 19:44:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: from APC01-HK2-obe.outbound.protection.outlook.com (mail-oln040092255011.outbound.protection.outlook.com [40.92.255.11]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 1339D13252B for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 19:44:12 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=hotmail.com; s=selector1; h=From:Date:Subject:Message-ID:Content-Type:MIME-Version; bh=72VQbnXL//ZW0LUEc5jKQ1qwPaSlzODHFRZGyCpbUXQ=; b=cSYtZDe8JW9c2igHjiU2yLtoKCDdCbZw7aMkk6XJxGE77Ijz96r7zFom42VSKpgxonQpYXJ9ljq93Hr7VwtOxQ/UY49e6X4IEEKzbH0Zzkp5O4yKlSVDA4QNuqRMJ615Zxc9CJRqwhhdnqxBqORhfCWNXRqgT5rGf64jQxdLP1Kw1aJYv6n2Ox0dqvc3ZXtHkE0tEl5AJK8EUC7NVK4611X3Gm02nDtWf7pLWLFgdm3OqK/317MQR6oCMReK3SLRZYSdO2gGQVH3sEKqCddArrKqUSaJEhpld8TKuVk6XxmwH5mYH+diyC7S7rQSuAUrGIQzkYeW1ygBmeqmGVXSAA== Received: from PU1APC01FT015.eop-APC01.prod.protection.outlook.com (10.152.252.56) by PU1APC01HT087.eop-APC01.prod.protection.outlook.com (10.152.253.120) with Microsoft SMTP Server (version=TLS1_2, cipher=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P384) id 15.1.1282.16; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:44:09 +0000 Received: from TY1PR06MB0928.apcprd06.prod.outlook.com (10.152.252.52) by PU1APC01FT015.mail.protection.outlook.com (10.152.252.227) with Microsoft SMTP Server (version=TLS1_2, cipher=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P256) id 15.1.1304.16 via Frontend Transport; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:44:09 +0000 Received: from TY1PR06MB0928.apcprd06.prod.outlook.com ([10.164.99.154]) by TY1PR06MB0928.apcprd06.prod.outlook.com ([10.164.99.154]) with mapi id 15.01.1320.018; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:44:09 +0000 From: GENG Liang To: "'qiangli (D)'" , "netslices@ietf.org" Thread-Topic: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling Thread-Index: AdMRfN5eHIJHr9ZeRXW5IRXAHZDYnQ== Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:44:09 +0000 Message-ID: References: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com> Accept-Language: zh-CN, en-US Content-Language: en-US X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: authentication-results: huawei.com; dkim=none (message not signed) header.d=none;huawei.com; dmarc=none action=none header.from=hotmail.com; x-incomingtopheadermarker: OriginalChecksum:12AE0646F5F32CFBDC4300116D3AE1395742B19C04ADD97371E4CFF0413B72B6; UpperCasedChecksum:2CBBF21FC8931D5441ACB680A4CB0252472B06CDE6B144B13F2E929917B23FA8; SizeAsReceived:7207; Count:45 x-ms-exchange-messagesentrepresentingtype: 1 x-tmn: [35ekOk4ha329FZg18Gf59cVyZ+GLUn7j] x-ms-publictraffictype: Email x-microsoft-exchange-diagnostics: 1; PU1APC01HT087; 7: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 x-incomingheadercount: 45 x-eopattributedmessage: 0 x-forefront-antispam-report: EFV:NLI; SFV:NSPM; SFS:(7070007)(98901004); DIR:OUT; SFP:1901; SCL:1; SRVR:PU1APC01HT087; H:TY1PR06MB0928.apcprd06.prod.outlook.com; FPR:; SPF:None; LANG:en; x-ms-office365-filtering-correlation-id: 20a999b1-f22d-4442-0d27-08d4df99ac9f x-microsoft-antispam: UriScan:; BCL:0; PCL:0; RULEID:(300000500095)(300135000095)(300000501095)(300135300095)(22001)(300000502095)(300135100095)(300000503095)(300135400095)(201702061074)(5061506573)(5061507331)(1603103135)(2017031320274)(2017031324274)(2017031323274)(2017031322377)(1603101448)(1601125374)(1701031045)(300000504095)(300135200095)(300000505095)(300135600095)(300000506095)(300135500095); SRVR:PU1APC01HT087; x-ms-traffictypediagnostic: PU1APC01HT087: x-exchange-antispam-report-test: UriScan:(50582790962513); x-exchange-antispam-report-cfa-test: BCL:0; PCL:0; RULEID:(100000700101)(100105000095)(100000701101)(100105300095)(100000702101)(100105100095)(444000031); SRVR:PU1APC01HT087; BCL:0; PCL:0; RULEID:(100000800101)(100110000095)(100000801101)(100110300095)(100000802101)(100110100095)(100000803101)(100110400095)(100000804101)(100110200095)(100000805101)(100110500095); SRVR:PU1APC01HT087; x-forefront-prvs: 03950F25EC spamdiagnosticoutput: 1:99 spamdiagnosticmetadata: NSPM Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_TY1PR06MB0928FED40F8D136737C6036187880TY1PR06MB0928apcp_" MIME-Version: 1.0 X-OriginatorOrg: hotmail.com X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-originalarrivaltime: 10 Aug 2017 02:44:09.2521 (UTC) X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-fromentityheader: Internet X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-id: 84df9e7f-e9f6-40af-b435-aaaaaaaaaaaa X-MS-Exchange-Transport-CrossTenantHeadersStamped: PU1APC01HT087 Archived-At: Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:44:18 -0000 --_000_TY1PR06MB0928FED40F8D136737C6036187880TY1PR06MB0928apcp_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 SGkgQ3Jpc3RpbmEsDQoNCkludGVyZXN0aW5nbHkgd2Ugd2VyZSBkaXNjdXNzaW5nIHRoaXMgY29u ZnVzaW9uIHdpdGggZmV3IGluZHVzdHJpYWwgcGFydG5lcnMgcmVjZW50bHkuIEluIHRlbGVjb21t dW5pY2F0aW9uIGxhbmd1YWdlIHdlIG5vcm1hbGx5IHVzZSAiUmVsaWFiaWxpdHkiIHRvIHJlZmVy IHRoZSBwcm9iYWJpbGl0eSBhIG5ldHdvcmsgaXMgc3RhYmx5IHJ1biAoaS5lLiA5OS45OTklIG9m IHRpbWUpLiBUaGlzIGlzIGFsc28gcmVnYXJkZWQgYXMgbmV0d29yayAiQXZhaWxhYmlsaXR5Ii4g SG93ZXZlciwgIlJlbGlhYmlsaXR5IiBpbiBpbmR1c3RyaWFsIHZlcnRpY2FscyBpcyBtb3JlIGNv bXByZWhlbnNpdmUgLSBpbmNsdWRpbmcgbm90IG9ubHkgbmV0d29yayBhdmFpbGFiaWxpdHkgcGFy YW1ldGVyIGJ1dCBhbHNvIG1lY2hhbmljcywgZWxlY3RyaWNpdHkgZXRjLg0KDQpQZXJzb25hbGx5 IEkgdGhpbmssIG5ldHdvcmsgc2xpY2luZyBpcyBzdGlsbCBsb29raW5nIGF0IG5ldHdvcmsgcmVn aW1lIHdoZXJlIEkgYmVsaWV2ZSBSZWxpYWJpbGl0eSBtZWFucyB0aGUgcGVyY2VudGFnZSBvZiB0 aW1lIGEgY29ubmVjdGlvbiBpcyBhdmFpbGFibGUuIEJ1dCB3ZSB5b3Ugc2VsbCB0aGlzIGNvbmNl cHQgdG8gaW5kdXN0cmlhbCB2ZXJ0aWNhbHMsIHRoZXkgbWF5IHRoaW5rIGRpZmZlcmVudGx5Lg0K DQpfX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fXw0KTGlhbmcgR0VORw0KQ2hpbmEgTW9i aWxlIFJlc2VhcmNoIEluc3RpdHV0ZQ0KDQpGcm9tOiBxaWFuZ2xpIChEKTxtYWlsdG86cWlhbmds aTNAaHVhd2VpLmNvbT4NCkRhdGU6IDIwMTctMDgtMTAgMTA6MDQNClRvOiBuZXRzbGljZXNAaWV0 Zi5vcmc8bWFpbHRvOm5ldHNsaWNlc0BpZXRmLm9yZz4NClN1YmplY3Q6IFtOZXRzbGljZXNdIFJl bGlhYmlsaXR5ICYgQXZhaWxhYmlsaXR5IGluIE5ldFNsaW5nDQpIaSBBbGwsDQoNCkkgd2FzIGNv bmZ1c2VkIHdoZW4gSSB3YXMgcmVhZGluZyBzb21lIE5ldFNsaWNpbmcgcmVsYXRlZCBtYXRlcmlh bHMuIEl0IHNlZW1zIHRoYXQg4oCcUmVsaWFiaWxpdHnigJ0gc3VwcG9ydGVkIGJ5IE5ldHNsaWNp bmcgcmVmZXJzIHRvIHRoZSBwcm9iYWJpbGl0eSB0aGF0IGEgbmV0d29yayBzbGljZSBjb3VsZCB3 b3JrIHN0YWJseSwgb3Igb3RoZXIgc2ltaWxhciBtZXRyaWNzLiBCdXQsIHNob3VsZG7igJl0IHRo aXMgYmUgdGhlIGRlZmluYXRpb24gb2Yg4oCcQXZhaWxhYmlsaXR54oCdPyBUaGVuIHdoYXQgZG9l cyByZWxpYWJpbGl0eSBtZWFuIGluIE5ldFNsaWNpbmc/DQoNCg0KQmVzdCByZWdhcmRzLA0KDQpD cmlzdGluYSBRSUFORw0KDQo= --_000_TY1PR06MB0928FED40F8D136737C6036187880TY1PR06MB0928apcp_ Content-Type: text/html; charset="utf-8" Content-ID: Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 PGh0bWw+DQo8aGVhZD4NCjxtZXRhIGh0dHAtZXF1aXY9IkNvbnRlbnQtVHlwZSIgY29udGVudD0i dGV4dC9odG1sOyBjaGFyc2V0PXV0Zi04Ij4NCjxzdHlsZT5ib2R5IHsgbGluZS1oZWlnaHQ6IDEu NTsgfWJsb2NrcXVvdGUgeyBtYXJnaW4tdG9wOiAwcHg7IG1hcmdpbi1ib3R0b206IDBweDsgbWFy Z2luLWxlZnQ6IDAuNWVtOyB9cCB7IG1hcmdpbi10b3A6IDBweDsgbWFyZ2luLWJvdHRvbTogMHB4 OyB9ZGl2LmZveGRpdjIwMTcwODEwMTAyOTMxOTk1MjE1IHsgfWJvZHkgeyBmb250LXNpemU6IDEw LjVwdDsgZm9udC1mYW1pbHk6IFRhaG9tYTsgY29sb3I6IHJnYigwLCAwLCAwKTsgbGluZS1oZWln aHQ6IDEuNTsgfTwvc3R5bGU+DQo8L2hlYWQ+DQo8Ym9keT4NCjwhLS1baWYgZ3RlIG1zbyA5XT48 eG1sPgo8bzpzaGFwZWRlZmF1bHRzIHY6ZXh0PSJlZGl0IiBzcGlkbWF4PSIxMDI2IiA+PC9vOnNo YXBlZGVmYXVsdHM+CjwveG1sPjwhW2VuZGlmXS0tPjwhLS1baWYgZ3RlIG1zbyA5XT48eG1sPgo8 bzpzaGFwZWxheW91dCB2OmV4dD0iZWRpdCI+CjxvOmlkbWFwIHY6ZXh0PSJlZGl0IiBkYXRhPSIx IiA+PC9vOmlkbWFwPgo8L286c2hhcGVsYXlvdXQ+PC94bWw+PCFbZW5kaWZdLS0+DQo8ZGl2Pjxz cGFuPjwvc3Bhbj5IaSBDcmlzdGluYSw8L2Rpdj4NCjxkaXY+PGJyPg0KPC9kaXY+DQo8ZGl2Pklu dGVyZXN0aW5nbHkgd2Ugd2VyZSBkaXNjdXNzaW5nIHRoaXMgY29uZnVzaW9uIHdpdGggZmV3IGlu ZHVzdHJpYWwgcGFydG5lcnMgcmVjZW50bHkuIEluIHRlbGVjb21tdW5pY2F0aW9uIGxhbmd1YWdl IHdlIG5vcm1hbGx5IHVzZSAmcXVvdDtSZWxpYWJpbGl0eSZxdW90OyB0byByZWZlciB0aGUgcHJv YmFiaWxpdHkgYSBuZXR3b3JrIGlzIHN0YWJseSBydW4gKGkuZS4gOTkuOTk5JSBvZiB0aW1lKS4g VGhpcyBpcyBhbHNvIHJlZ2FyZGVkIGFzIG5ldHdvcmsNCiAmcXVvdDtBdmFpbGFiaWxpdHkmcXVv dDsuIEhvd2V2ZXIsICZxdW90O1JlbGlhYmlsaXR5JnF1b3Q7IGluIGluZHVzdHJpYWwgdmVydGlj YWxzIGlzIG1vcmUgY29tcHJlaGVuc2l2ZSAtIGluY2x1ZGluZyBub3Qgb25seSBuZXR3b3JrIGF2 YWlsYWJpbGl0eSBwYXJhbWV0ZXIgYnV0IGFsc28gbWVjaGFuaWNzLCBlbGVjdHJpY2l0eSBldGMu PC9kaXY+DQo8ZGl2Pjxicj4NCjwvZGl2Pg0KPGRpdj5QZXJzb25hbGx5IEkgdGhpbmssIG5ldHdv cmsgc2xpY2luZyBpcyBzdGlsbCBsb29raW5nIGF0IG5ldHdvcmsgcmVnaW1lIHdoZXJlIEkgYmVs aWV2ZSBSZWxpYWJpbGl0eSBtZWFucyB0aGUgcGVyY2VudGFnZSBvZiB0aW1lIGEgY29ubmVjdGlv biBpcyBhdmFpbGFibGUuIEJ1dCB3ZSB5b3Ugc2VsbCB0aGlzIGNvbmNlcHQgdG8gaW5kdXN0cmlh bCB2ZXJ0aWNhbHMsIHRoZXkgbWF5IHRoaW5rIGRpZmZlcmVudGx5LjwvZGl2Pg0KPGRpdj48YnI+ DQo8L2Rpdj4NCjxociBzdHlsZT0id2lkdGg6IDIxMHB4OyBoZWlnaHQ6IDFweDsiIGNvbG9yPSIj YjVjNGRmIiBzaXplPSIxIiBhbGlnbj0ibGVmdCI+DQo8ZGl2PjxzcGFuPkxpYW5nIEdFTkcNCjxk aXY+Q2hpbmEgTW9iaWxlIFJlc2VhcmNoIEluc3RpdHV0ZTwvZGl2Pg0KPC9zcGFuPjwvZGl2Pg0K PGJsb2NrcXVvdGUgc3R5bGU9Im1hcmdpbi10b3A6IDBweDsgbWFyZ2luLWJvdHRvbTogMHB4OyBt YXJnaW4tbGVmdDogMC41ZW07Ij4NCjxkaXY+Jm5ic3A7PC9kaXY+DQo8ZGl2IHN0eWxlPSJib3Jk ZXI6bm9uZTtib3JkZXItdG9wOnNvbGlkICNCNUM0REYgMS4wcHQ7cGFkZGluZzozLjBwdCAwY20g MGNtIDBjbSI+DQo8ZGl2IHN0eWxlPSJQQURESU5HLVJJR0hUOiA4cHg7IFBBRERJTkctTEVGVDog OHB4OyBGT05ULVNJWkU6IDEycHg7Rk9OVC1GQU1JTFk6dGFob21hO0NPTE9SOiMwMDAwMDA7IEJB Q0tHUk9VTkQ6ICNlZmVmZWY7IFBBRERJTkctQk9UVE9NOiA4cHg7IFBBRERJTkctVE9QOiA4cHgi Pg0KPGRpdj48Yj5Gcm9tOjwvYj4mbmJzcDs8YSBocmVmPSJtYWlsdG86cWlhbmdsaTNAaHVhd2Vp LmNvbSIgc3R5bGU9ImNvbG9yOiBibHVlOyB0ZXh0LWRlY29yYXRpb246IHVuZGVybGluZTsiPnFp YW5nbGkgKEQpPC9hPjwvZGl2Pg0KPGRpdj48Yj5EYXRlOjwvYj4mbmJzcDsyMDE3LTA4LTEwJm5i c3A7MTA6MDQ8L2Rpdj4NCjxkaXY+PGI+VG86PC9iPiZuYnNwOzxhIGhyZWY9Im1haWx0bzpuZXRz bGljZXNAaWV0Zi5vcmciIHN0eWxlPSJjb2xvcjogYmx1ZTsgdGV4dC1kZWNvcmF0aW9uOiB1bmRl cmxpbmU7Ij5uZXRzbGljZXNAaWV0Zi5vcmc8L2E+PC9kaXY+DQo8ZGl2PjxiPlN1YmplY3Q6PC9i PiZuYnNwO1tOZXRzbGljZXNdIFJlbGlhYmlsaXR5ICZhbXA7IEF2YWlsYWJpbGl0eSBpbiBOZXRT bGluZzwvZGl2Pg0KPC9kaXY+DQo8L2Rpdj4NCjxkaXY+DQo8ZGl2IGNsYXNzPSJGb3hEaXYyMDE3 MDgxMDEwMjkzMTk5NTIxNSI+PCEtLVtpZiBndGUgbXNvIDldPjx4bWw+CjxvOnNoYXBlZGVmYXVs dHMgdjpleHQ9ImVkaXQiIHNwaWRtYXg9IjEwMjYiID48L286c2hhcGVkZWZhdWx0cz4KPC94bWw+ PCFbZW5kaWZdLS0+PCEtLVtpZiBndGUgbXNvIDldPjx4bWw+CjxvOnNoYXBlbGF5b3V0IHY6ZXh0 PSJlZGl0Ij4KPG86aWRtYXAgdjpleHQ9ImVkaXQiIGRhdGE9IjEiID48L286aWRtYXA+Cjwvbzpz aGFwZWxheW91dD48L3htbD48IVtlbmRpZl0tLT4NCjxkaXYgY2xhc3M9IldvcmRTZWN0aW9uMSIg c3R5bGU9InBhZ2U6IFdvcmRTZWN0aW9uMTsiPg0KPHAgY2xhc3M9Ik1zb05vcm1hbCIgc3R5bGU9 Im1hcmdpbjogMGNtIDBjbSAwLjAwMDFwdDsgdGV4dC1hbGlnbjoganVzdGlmeTsgZm9udC1zaXpl OiAxMC41cHQ7IGZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OiBDYWxpYnJpLCBzYW5zLXNlcmlmOyI+DQo8c3BhbiBsYW5n PSJFTi1VUyI+SGkgQWxsLDxvOnA+PC9vOnA+PC9zcGFuPjwvcD4NCjxwIGNsYXNzPSJNc29Ob3Jt YWwiIHN0eWxlPSJtYXJnaW46IDBjbSAwY20gMC4wMDAxcHQ7IHRleHQtYWxpZ246IGp1c3RpZnk7 IGZvbnQtc2l6ZTogMTAuNXB0OyBmb250LWZhbWlseTogQ2FsaWJyaSwgc2Fucy1zZXJpZjsiPg0K PHNwYW4gbGFuZz0iRU4tVVMiPjxvOnA+Jm5ic3A7PC9vOnA+PC9zcGFuPjwvcD4NCjxwIGNsYXNz PSJNc29Ob3JtYWwiIHN0eWxlPSJtYXJnaW46IDBjbSAwY20gMC4wMDAxcHQ7IHRleHQtYWxpZ246 IGp1c3RpZnk7IGZvbnQtc2l6ZTogMTAuNXB0OyBmb250LWZhbWlseTogQ2FsaWJyaSwgc2Fucy1z ZXJpZjsiPg0KPHNwYW4gbGFuZz0iRU4tVVMiPkkgd2FzIGNvbmZ1c2VkIHdoZW4gSSB3YXMgcmVh ZGluZyBzb21lIE5ldFNsaWNpbmcgcmVsYXRlZCBtYXRlcmlhbHMuIEl0IHNlZW1zIHRoYXQg4oCc UmVsaWFiaWxpdHnigJ0gc3VwcG9ydGVkIGJ5IE5ldHNsaWNpbmcgcmVmZXJzIHRvIHRoZSBwcm9i YWJpbGl0eSB0aGF0IGEgbmV0d29yayBzbGljZSBjb3VsZCB3b3JrIHN0YWJseSwgb3Igb3RoZXIg c2ltaWxhciBtZXRyaWNzLiBCdXQsIHNob3VsZG7igJl0IHRoaXMgYmUgdGhlDQogZGVmaW5hdGlv biBvZiDigJxBdmFpbGFiaWxpdHnigJ0/IFRoZW4gd2hhdCBkb2VzIHJlbGlhYmlsaXR5IG1lYW4g aW4gTmV0U2xpY2luZz88bzpwPjwvbzpwPjwvc3Bhbj48L3A+DQo8cCBjbGFzcz0iTXNvTm9ybWFs IiBzdHlsZT0ibWFyZ2luOiAwY20gMGNtIDAuMDAwMXB0OyB0ZXh0LWFsaWduOiBqdXN0aWZ5OyBm b250LXNpemU6IDEwLjVwdDsgZm9udC1mYW1pbHk6IENhbGlicmksIHNhbnMtc2VyaWY7Ij4NCjxz cGFuIGxhbmc9IkVOLVVTIj48bzpwPiZuYnNwOzwvbzpwPjwvc3Bhbj48L3A+DQo8cCBjbGFzcz0i TXNvTm9ybWFsIiBzdHlsZT0ibWFyZ2luOiAwY20gMGNtIDAuMDAwMXB0OyB0ZXh0LWFsaWduOiBq dXN0aWZ5OyBmb250LXNpemU6IDEwLjVwdDsgZm9udC1mYW1pbHk6IENhbGlicmksIHNhbnMtc2Vy aWY7Ij4NCjxzcGFuIGxhbmc9IkVOLVVTIj48bzpwPiZuYnNwOzwvbzpwPjwvc3Bhbj48L3A+DQo8 cCBjbGFzcz0iTXNvTm9ybWFsIiBzdHlsZT0ibWFyZ2luOiAwY20gMGNtIDAuMDAwMXB0OyB0ZXh0 LWFsaWduOiBqdXN0aWZ5OyBmb250LXNpemU6IDEwLjVwdDsgZm9udC1mYW1pbHk6IENhbGlicmks IHNhbnMtc2VyaWY7Ij4NCjxzcGFuIGxhbmc9IkVOLVVTIj5CZXN0IHJlZ2FyZHMsPG86cD48L286 cD48L3NwYW4+PC9wPg0KPHAgY2xhc3M9Ik1zb05vcm1hbCIgc3R5bGU9Im1hcmdpbjogMGNtIDBj bSAwLjAwMDFwdDsgdGV4dC1hbGlnbjoganVzdGlmeTsgZm9udC1zaXplOiAxMC41cHQ7IGZvbnQt ZmFtaWx5OiBDYWxpYnJpLCBzYW5zLXNlcmlmOyI+DQo8c3BhbiBsYW5nPSJFTi1VUyI+PG86cD4m bmJzcDs8L286cD48L3NwYW4+PC9wPg0KPHAgY2xhc3M9Ik1zb05vcm1hbCIgc3R5bGU9Im1hcmdp bjogMGNtIDBjbSAwLjAwMDFwdDsgdGV4dC1hbGlnbjoganVzdGlmeTsgZm9udC1zaXplOiAxMC41 cHQ7IGZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OiBDYWxpYnJpLCBzYW5zLXNlcmlmOyI+DQo8c3BhbiBsYW5nPSJFTi1V UyI+Q3Jpc3RpbmEgUUlBTkc8bzpwPjwvbzpwPjwvc3Bhbj48L3A+DQo8cCBjbGFzcz0iTXNvTm9y bWFsIiBzdHlsZT0ibWFyZ2luOiAwY20gMGNtIDAuMDAwMXB0OyB0ZXh0LWFsaWduOiBqdXN0aWZ5 OyBmb250LXNpemU6IDEwLjVwdDsgZm9udC1mYW1pbHk6IENhbGlicmksIHNhbnMtc2VyaWY7Ij4N CjxzcGFuIGxhbmc9IkVOLVVTIj48bzpwPiZuYnNwOzwvbzpwPjwvc3Bhbj48L3A+DQo8L2Rpdj4N CjwvZGl2Pg0KPC9kaXY+DQo8L2Jsb2NrcXVvdGU+DQo8L2JvZHk+DQo8L2h0bWw+DQo= --_000_TY1PR06MB0928FED40F8D136737C6036187880TY1PR06MB0928apcp_-- From nobody Wed Aug 9 21:42:18 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 889C613254B for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 21:42:16 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -4.2 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-4.2 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, SPF_PASS=-0.001, URIBL_BLOCKED=0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id Avg7m9XSvw1Q for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 21:42:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ns2.nict.go.jp (ns2.nict.go.jp [IPv6:2001:df0:232:300::2]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id EF613132542 for ; Wed, 9 Aug 2017 21:42:12 -0700 (PDT) Received: from gw2.nict.go.jp (gw2.nict.go.jp [133.243.18.251]) by ns2.nict.go.jp with ESMTP id v7A4g2oA024234; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 13:42:02 +0900 (JST) Received: from mail2.nict.go.jp (mail2.nict.go.jp [133.243.18.15]) by gw2.nict.go.jp with ESMTP id v7A4g2CC024230; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 13:42:02 +0900 (JST) Received: from spectre (unknown [133.243.115.68]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by mail2.nict.go.jp (NICT Mail Spool Server2) with ESMTPS id E6B32C693; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 13:42:01 +0900 (JST) Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 13:42:00 +0900 From: Pedro Martinez-Julia To: GENG Liang Cc: "'qiangli (D)'" , "netslices@ietf.org" Message-ID: <20170810044200.GB1828@spectre> References: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit In-Reply-To: User-Agent: Mutt/1.8.3 (2017-05-23) X-Virus-Scanned: clamav-milter 0.98.7 at zenith2 X-Virus-Status: Clean Archived-At: Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 04:42:16 -0000 Dear all, I personally think it is better to use the industrial definitions but, being purist, we can find important differences between them. While availability is the probability for a system to work as expected in some period of time (99.999% of time), reliability is a broader term that refers to the different situations in which a system will be able to overcome without breaking. In some cases, the latter can incorporate the former, but not in all of them. For network slicing we can keep the definition commonly used by industry with the necessary details to make clear the aspects that differentiate them. I would keep "working as expected for some period of time" related to availability and "resistant to disparate situations" to reliability. Regards, Pedro On Thu, Aug 10, 2017 at 02:44:09AM +0000, GENG Liang wrote: > Hi Cristina, > > Interestingly we were discussing this confusion with few industrial partners recently. In telecommunication language we normally use "Reliability" to refer the probability a network is stably run (i.e. 99.999% of time). This is also regarded as network "Availability". However, "Reliability" in industrial verticals is more comprehensive - including not only network availability parameter but also mechanics, electricity etc. > > Personally I think, network slicing is still looking at network regime where I believe Reliability means the percentage of time a connection is available. But we you sell this concept to industrial verticals, they may think differently. > > ________________________________ > Liang GENG > China Mobile Research Institute > > From: qiangli (D) > Date: 2017-08-10 10:04 > To: netslices@ietf.org > Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling > Hi All, > > I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related materials. It seems that “Reliability” supported by Netslicing refers to the probability that a network slice could work stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn’t this be the defination of “Availability”? Then what does reliability mean in NetSlicing? > > > Best regards, > > Cristina QIANG > > _______________________________________________ > Netslices mailing list > Netslices@ietf.org > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netslices -- Pedro Martinez-Julia Network Science and Convergence Device Technology Laboratory Network System Research Institute National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) 4-2-1, Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan Email: pedro@nict.go.jp --------------------------------------------------------- *** Entia non sunt multiplicanda praeter necessitatem *** From nobody Thu Aug 10 02:57:56 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id CC326132679 for ; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:57:55 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -2.698 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-2.698 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW=-0.7, SPF_PASS=-0.001, URIBL_BLOCKED=0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id 5a_1vRxPyNea for ; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:57:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-wm0-x234.google.com (mail-wm0-x234.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:400c:c09::234]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 37A2113209C for ; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:57:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: by mail-wm0-x234.google.com with SMTP id k20so19821390wmg.0 for ; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:57:53 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=subject:to:references:from:message-id:date:user-agent:mime-version :in-reply-to:content-language; bh=tkCx6BMkQo73wMGB8DN/WNlBYyiE7/HDGEbKXJaU43A=; b=ar6dPhISE8ftisBZ2yWygFKz4Md7pojyGkeDSMr7Sp6DEvzFwSwbHdnyf3PJxzD5ao i1UyizHwLBhRh/sqrgu24DT52jbYflSfwznda1HtcJKif7xX/mJuZ5GJzzygAlWMydiz 2v2t6a6Y6WFOM2VnZvZuPIZU1zQDhslQfh9de/006oSflLbslBQDTsye2x6fckrpsLVf /INxFF999JryO8J4/cqsqXkCROEsQzTlRRb79omvsaQH7YVx56kMtN8eqagDDU6CyTvJ HpmuE0dl7tasKSEcVIbrZGCP9I7tQW4HmxcDW1SyjjOeiAVlc9JuLQUXwp9+HmFb13ie haAA== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:subject:to:references:from:message-id:date :user-agent:mime-version:in-reply-to:content-language; bh=tkCx6BMkQo73wMGB8DN/WNlBYyiE7/HDGEbKXJaU43A=; b=iaysdHlhFTb6PCFV6nIAOAA1IlpLo+mJU3YLWnCaJbox1Xc3Cwt+FP7kOSW8QGsvuM 13Urk8ztlX2VEQrtfb/vXqTHWZlaKQRvDXst2tY5NcAYNWeL8ugs5V6wyiij9xyvE72G JK+I5/LScLEpWOzsI7ON0R+y7jZtoyS10dt0wW5hC5Pnxyq1G3lO9XzFvT67L26Xs9Fv 5t8TgOEhcA1KoiXOBH/KmUml0YYBTBgyRU84hjf0+JHX6bPI0PrEzojw7uqWgUT79wFN JO30ImkMUGFVyi/HS/uLN8t9UGmCV2UkEV8FD2GP6HNiFfLLsjUTiELEMS1qq+meNE4M qWpg== X-Gm-Message-State: AHYfb5jqCom0H5U4XFHTShn3Ussj18ltgECplsMRPHmXvMOcQp6oc3U/ X+y3ap5l9+WgA61LY3M= X-Received: by 10.28.178.75 with SMTP id b72mr6795979wmf.55.1502359071445; Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:57:51 -0700 (PDT) Received: from [192.168.2.126] (host213-123-124-182.in-addr.btopenworld.com. [213.123.124.182]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id m189sm28819wmb.9.2017.08.10.02.57.50 for (version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); Thu, 10 Aug 2017 02:57:50 -0700 (PDT) To: netslices@ietf.org References: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com> <20170810044200.GB1828@spectre> From: Stewart Bryant Message-ID: <17a7e36c-21c7-93ef-8058-573019280dfc@gmail.com> Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 10:57:47 +0100 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/52.2.1 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20170810044200.GB1828@spectre> Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------9379BB7DE6D355342DCC149D" Content-Language: en-GB Archived-At: Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 09:57:56 -0000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------9379BB7DE6D355342DCC149D Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit In general at IETF we associate reliable with the probability of packet delivery, and a reliable transport protocol is one that retries (at a cost of delay) until the packet is delivered or other factors intervene. Availability tends to refer to the ability of the network to receive packets for attempted delivery. I looked for a formal definition in IPPM which is the WG that is concerned with measuring such things but could not find a definition. From the ITU we can find: *Term*:availability (performance) *Definition*:The ability of an item to be in a state to perform a required function under given conditions at a given instant of time or over a given time interval, assuming that the required external resources are provided. NOTE 1 – This ability depends on the combined aspects of the reliability performance, the maintainability performance and the maintenance support performance. NOTE 2 – Required external resources, other than maintenance resources do not affect the availability performance of the item. *Term*:reliability (performance) *Definition*:The ability of an item to perform a required function under given conditions for a given time interval. NOTE 1 – It is generally assumed that the item is in a state to perform this required function at the beginning of the time interval. NOTE 2 – Generally, reliability performance is quantified using appropriate measures. In some applications, these measures include an expression of reliability performance as a probability, which is also called reliability. or *Term*:reliability characteristic *Definition*:The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a defined QOS requirement. - Stewart On 10/08/2017 05:42, Pedro Martinez-Julia wrote: > Dear all, > > I personally think it is better to use the industrial definitions but, > being purist, we can find important differences between them. While > availability is the probability for a system to work as expected in some > period of time (99.999% of time), reliability is a broader term that > refers to the different situations in which a system will be able to > overcome without breaking. In some cases, the latter can incorporate the > former, but not in all of them. > > For network slicing we can keep the definition commonly used by industry > with the necessary details to make clear the aspects that differentiate > them. I would keep "working as expected for some period of time" related > to availability and "resistant to disparate situations" to reliability. > > Regards, > Pedro > > > On Thu, Aug 10, 2017 at 02:44:09AM +0000, GENG Liang wrote: >> Hi Cristina, >> >> Interestingly we were discussing this confusion with few industrial partners recently. In telecommunication language we normally use "Reliability" to refer the probability a network is stably run (i.e. 99.999% of time). This is also regarded as network "Availability". However, "Reliability" in industrial verticals is more comprehensive - including not only network availability parameter but also mechanics, electricity etc. >> >> Personally I think, network slicing is still looking at network regime where I believe Reliability means the percentage of time a connection is available. But we you sell this concept to industrial verticals, they may think differently. >> >> ________________________________ >> Liang GENG >> China Mobile Research Institute >> >> From: qiangli (D) >> Date: 2017-08-10 10:04 >> To: netslices@ietf.org >> Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling >> Hi All, >> >> I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related materials. It seems that “Reliability” supported by Netslicing refers to the probability that a network slice could work stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn’t this be the defination of “Availability”? Then what does reliability mean in NetSlicing? >> >> >> Best regards, >> >> Cristina QIANG >> >> _______________________________________________ >> Netslices mailing list >> Netslices@ietf.org >> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netslices > --------------9379BB7DE6D355342DCC149D Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
In general at IETF we associate reliable with the probability of packet delivery, and a reliable transport protocol is one that retries (at a cost of delay) until the packet is delivered or other factors intervene. Availability tends to refer to the ability of the network to receive packets for attempted delivery.

I looked for a formal definition in IPPM which is the WG that is concerned with measuring such things but could not find a definition.

From the ITU we can find:

Term : availability (performance)
Definition : The ability of an item to be in a state to perform a required function under given conditions at a given instant of time or over a given time interval, assuming that the required external resources are provided.
NOTE 1 – This ability depends on the combined aspects of the reliability performance, the maintainability performance and the maintenance support performance. 
NOTE 2 – Required external resources, other than maintenance resources do not affect the availability performance of the item.


Term : reliability (performance)
Definition : The ability of an item to perform a required function under given conditions for a given time interval.
NOTE 1 – It is generally assumed that the item is in a state to perform this required function at the beginning of the time interval.
NOTE 2 – Generally, reliability performance is quantified using appropriate measures. In some applications, these measures include an expression of reliability performance as a probability, which is also called reliability.

or
Term : reliability characteristic
Definition : The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a defined QOS requirement.

- Stewart

On 10/08/2017 05:42, Pedro Martinez-Julia wrote:
Dear all,

I personally think it is better to use the industrial definitions but,
being purist, we can find important differences between them. While
availability is the probability for a system to work as expected in some
period of time (99.999% of time), reliability is a broader term that
refers to the different situations in which a system will be able to
overcome without breaking. In some cases, the latter can incorporate the
former, but not in all of them.

For network slicing we can keep the definition commonly used by industry
with the necessary details to make clear the aspects that differentiate
them. I would keep "working as expected for some period of time" related
to availability and "resistant to disparate situations" to reliability.

Regards,
Pedro


On Thu, Aug 10, 2017 at 02:44:09AM +0000, GENG Liang wrote:

Hi Cristina,

Interestingly we were discussing this confusion with few industrial partners recently. In telecommunication language we normally use "Reliability" to refer the probability a network is stably run (i.e. 99.999% of time). This is also regarded as network "Availability". However, "Reliability" in industrial verticals is more comprehensive - including not only network availability parameter but also mechanics, electricity etc.

Personally I think, network slicing is still looking at network regime where I believe Reliability means the percentage of time a connection is available. But we you sell this concept to industrial verticals, they may think differently.

________________________________
Liang GENG
China Mobile Research Institute

From: qiangli (D)<mailto:qiangli3@huawei.com>
Date: 2017-08-10 10:04
To: netslices@ietf.org<mailto:netslices@ietf.org>
Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
Hi All,

I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related materials. It seems that “Reliability” supported by Netslicing refers to the probability that a network slice could work stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn’t this be the defination of “Availability”? Then what does reliability mean in NetSlicing?


Best regards,

Cristina QIANG



      

        
_______________________________________________
Netslices mailing list
Netslices@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netslices


      

      



    

    

  


--------------9379BB7DE6D355342DCC149D--


From nobody Fri Aug 11 00:47:58 2017
Return-Path: 
X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 8BC7E1324E7 for ; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 00:47:56 -0700 (PDT)
X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com
X-Spam-Flag: NO
X-Spam-Score: -4.21
X-Spam-Level: 
X-Spam-Status: No, score=-4.21 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H3=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01, SPF_PASS=-0.001, T_KAM_HTML_FONT_INVALID=0.01] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no
Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id XmoybIn5xrl6 for ; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 00:47:54 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from lhrrgout.huawei.com (lhrrgout.huawei.com [194.213.3.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher RC4-SHA (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 3092313257B for ; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 00:47:53 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from 172.18.7.190 (EHLO lhreml704-cah.china.huawei.com) ([172.18.7.190]) by lhrrg01-dlp.huawei.com (MOS 4.3.7-GA FastPath queued) with ESMTP id DTE77173; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 07:47:50 +0000 (GMT)
Received: from DGGEMI404-HUB.china.huawei.com (10.3.17.142) by lhreml704-cah.china.huawei.com (10.201.108.45) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 14.3.301.0; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 08:47:49 +0100
Received: from DGGEMI509-MBS.china.huawei.com ([169.254.2.103]) by dggemi404-hub.china.huawei.com ([10.3.17.142]) with mapi id 14.03.0301.000; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 15:47:42 +0800
From: "qiangli (D)" 
To: Stewart Bryant , "netslices@ietf.org" 
Thread-Topic: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
Thread-Index: AQHTEYKQIJcEjhMuTkOxxmA9sYa0YaJ8fOAAgABYO4CAAdmIoA==
Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2017 07:47:42 +0000
Message-ID: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>
References: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>  <20170810044200.GB1828@spectre> <17a7e36c-21c7-93ef-8058-573019280dfc@gmail.com>
In-Reply-To: <17a7e36c-21c7-93ef-8058-573019280dfc@gmail.com>
Accept-Language: zh-CN, en-US
Content-Language: zh-CN
X-MS-Has-Attach: 
X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: 
x-originating-ip: [10.130.163.138]
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2dggemi509mbschi_"
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-CFilter-Loop: Reflected
X-Mirapoint-Virus-RAPID-Raw: score=unknown(0), refid=str=0001.0A020204.598D6127.0090, ss=1, re=0.000, recu=0.000, reip=0.000,  cl=1, cld=1, fgs=0, ip=169.254.2.103, so=2013-06-18 04:22:30, dmn=2013-03-21 17:37:32
X-Mirapoint-Loop-Id: 31537d4fb943dda219c4b8b4adb2c33d
Archived-At: 
Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org
X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22
Precedence: list
List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." 
List-Unsubscribe: , 
List-Archive: 
List-Post: 
List-Help: 
List-Subscribe: , 
X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2017 07:47:57 -0000

--_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2dggemi509mbschi_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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--_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2dggemi509mbschi_
Content-Type: text/html; charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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--_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2dggemi509mbschi_--


From nobody Fri Aug 11 01:26:28 2017
Return-Path: 
X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2721113257F for ; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 01:26:27 -0700 (PDT)
X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com
X-Spam-Flag: NO
X-Spam-Score: -1.989
X-Spam-Level: 
X-Spam-Status: No, score=-1.989 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_PASS=-0.001, T_KAM_HTML_FONT_INVALID=0.01] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no
Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com
Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id 1Y4W57DWjHGO for ; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 01:26:24 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from mail-wr0-x232.google.com (mail-wr0-x232.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:400c:c0c::232]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id E70B2132558 for ; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 01:26:23 -0700 (PDT)
Received: by mail-wr0-x232.google.com with SMTP id y43so10914713wrd.3 for ; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 01:26:23 -0700 (PDT)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025;  h=subject:to:references:from:message-id:date:user-agent:mime-version :in-reply-to:content-language; bh=8t0TQu12oUD3fS83sDonnr96D8ZEwH/hjVC9rYYNMTQ=; b=l0VGxwbDZ1mTbWZ3Elc925SewjPyxFfzJpIu1cKdrA+GNqvWE2lINgde4cZM3RRxAB 0BQQZ6j0xIInNCtr2ix3Fj/truxjs4FWCHTez3QtZ7yo15o9WMrqoXyUoYofO9AsCiKh y9UeXlKPJMHzQP/1wmyo3Q0Xq2yrNO4ZOgDufcE5ytiSRIIjd5zRk8RuI5QDzwITExLP L9jjfyfHfiXD+xwyswsLwrNdZmx8XVWruhtx9krNf5IcHDd7XuThkSWRyx9kUUhPNNVT dICjqAtoyi4E0kD8hl/gmV3m2AoPR/RttijnXP4uag3/zoiMC9H33kYRP1JY9Jeyu++f 1pag==
X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:subject:to:references:from:message-id:date :user-agent:mime-version:in-reply-to:content-language; bh=8t0TQu12oUD3fS83sDonnr96D8ZEwH/hjVC9rYYNMTQ=; b=kzWmX9yAITFtsJxdXFdnJXcGJjwE/yiqPAM8KSdrHdCn1ZWGkpui7e7zmLTztn2Kgk pxrqa7DXeZlWhe3+zphiK2QbxFsEtqbqxInNkIzdD+0wAILDxLUWtCErPLt7xOhhweda 5SLnL3cyXueP/KOpaYwIG1lYkH+6qIn0UBWzgdv6FBvR+pRGV6dn+qwQWy4arUzZBLpd r/KtWwDQaJsQnHrnjvXtmOAZU0VJzwxgoqiuoCtdjyWSLLXZ5JhKjXiWuI4mgPixK38a gHOhkhEJWnK7a/DIa5sYkGvDWYFMnYsxboDBK3PpV4bYfqdjhb8pQ41RKxLJsKukGXcN m3aA==
X-Gm-Message-State: AHYfb5jttqvJcPaV9fxlq/w0CGmsqa/k6f5a+A3+1CcwD90qSXcR5agN mw7VE/dJAzGhcsb9CNw=
X-Received: by 10.223.135.175 with SMTP id b44mr9889242wrb.48.1502439982031; Fri, 11 Aug 2017 01:26:22 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from [192.168.2.126] (host213-123-124-182.in-addr.btopenworld.com. [213.123.124.182]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id 195sm737039wmv.25.2017.08.11.01.26.20 (version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); Fri, 11 Aug 2017 01:26:21 -0700 (PDT)
To: "qiangli (D)" , "netslices@ietf.org" 
References: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>  <20170810044200.GB1828@spectre> <17a7e36c-21c7-93ef-8058-573019280dfc@gmail.com> <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>
From: Stewart Bryant 
Message-ID: 
Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2017 09:26:17 +0100
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/52.2.1
MIME-Version: 1.0
In-Reply-To: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------76AC44FF402B199D3A72C865"
Content-Language: en-GB
Archived-At: 
Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org
X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22
Precedence: list
List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." 
List-Unsubscribe: , 
List-Archive: 
List-Post: 
List-Help: 
List-Subscribe: , 
X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2017 08:26:27 -0000

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------76AC44FF402B199D3A72C865
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit


 From a tenant's perspective, which arguably is the most important 
perspective the key characteristics of interest is  surely "The Mean 
Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a defined QOS requirement." 
together with the duration of those periods.

With that information you can the viability of your application over the 
slice, and the impact on your business.

- Stewart


On 11/08/2017 08:47, qiangli (D) wrote:
>
> Hi All,
>
> The phrase “working as expected” inspired me. For a network slice, 
> what people expect is not only the stable working probability/time, 
> but also the guaranteed SLA.
>
> Try to consider from tenant’s perspective, I would be very concerned 
> about how much the promised SLA could really be achieved. I am not 
> sure which one (availability/reliability) this concept should belong 
> to according to ITU’s definitions.
>
> Best regards,
>
> Cristina QIANG
>
> *From:*Netslices [mailto:netslices-bounces@ietf.org] *On Behalf Of 
> *Stewart Bryant
> *Sent:* Thursday, August 10, 2017 5:58 PM
> *To:* netslices@ietf.org
> *Subject:* Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
>
>
> In general at IETF we associate reliable with the probability of 
> packet delivery, and a reliable transport protocol is one that retries 
> (at a cost of delay) until the packet is delivered or other factors 
> intervene. Availability tends to refer to the ability of the network 
> to receive packets for attempted delivery.
>
> I looked for a formal definition in IPPM which is the WG that is 
> concerned with measuring such things but could not find a definition.
>
> From the ITU we can find:
>
> *Term* : availability (performance)
>
> *Definition* : The ability of an item to be in a state to perform a 
> required function under given conditions at a given instant of time or 
> over a given time interval, assuming that the required external 
> resources are provided.
> NOTE 1 – This ability depends on the combined aspects of the 
> reliability performance, the maintainability performance and the 
> maintenance support performance.
> NOTE 2 – Required external resources, other than maintenance resources 
> do not affect the availability performance of the item.
>
> *Term* : reliability (performance)
>
> *Definition* : The ability of an item to perform a required function 
> under given conditions for a given time interval.
> NOTE 1 – It is generally assumed that the item is in a state to 
> perform this required function at the beginning of the time interval.
> NOTE 2 – Generally, reliability performance is quantified using 
> appropriate measures. In some applications, these measures include an 
> expression of reliability performance as a probability, which is also 
> called reliability.
>
>
> or
>
> *Term* : reliability characteristic
>
> *Definition* : The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a 
> defined QOS requirement.
>
>
> - Stewart
>
> On 10/08/2017 05:42, Pedro Martinez-Julia wrote:
>
>     Dear all,
>
>     I personally think it is better to use the industrial definitions but,
>
>     being purist, we can find important differences between them. While
>
>     availability is the probability for a system to work as expected
>     in some
>
>     period of time (99.999% of time), reliability is a broader term that
>
>     refers to the different situations in which a system will be able to
>
>     overcome without breaking. In some cases, the latter can
>     incorporate the
>
>     former, but not in all of them.
>
>     For network slicing we can keep the definition commonly used by
>     industry
>
>     with the necessary details to make clear the aspects that
>     differentiate
>
>     them. I would keep "working as expected for some period of time"
>     related
>
>     to availability and "resistant to disparate situations" to
>     reliability.
>
>     Regards,
>
>     Pedro
>
>     On Thu, Aug 10, 2017 at 02:44:09AM +0000, GENG Liang wrote:
>
>         Hi Cristina,
>
>         Interestingly we were discussing this confusion with few
>         industrial partners recently. In telecommunication language we
>         normally use "Reliability" to refer the probability a network
>         is stably run (i.e. 99.999% of time). This is also regarded as
>         network "Availability". However, "Reliability" in industrial
>         verticals is more comprehensive - including not only network
>         availability parameter but also mechanics, electricity etc.
>
>         Personally I think, network slicing is still looking at
>         network regime where I believe Reliability means the
>         percentage of time a connection is available. But we you sell
>         this concept to industrial verticals, they may think differently.
>
>         ________________________________
>
>         Liang GENG
>
>         China Mobile Research Institute
>
>         From: qiangli (D)
>         
>
>         Date: 2017-08-10 10:04
>
>         To: netslices@ietf.org
>         
>         
>
>         Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
>
>         Hi All,
>
>         I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related
>         materials. It seems that “Reliability” supported by Netslicing
>         refers to the probability that a network slice could work
>         stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn’t this be the
>         defination of “Availability”? Then what does reliability mean
>         in NetSlicing?
>
>         Best regards,
>
>         Cristina QIANG
>
>         _______________________________________________
>
>         Netslices mailing list
>
>         Netslices@ietf.org 
>
>         https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netslices
>


--------------76AC44FF402B199D3A72C865
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit


  
    
  
  
    


    

    From a tenant's perspective, which arguably is the most important
    perspective the key characteristics of interest is  surely "The Mean
    Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a defined QOS requirement."
    together with the duration of those periods.

    

    With that information you can the viability of your application over
    the slice, and the impact on your business.

    

    - Stewart

    

    

    
On 11/08/2017 08:47, qiangli (D) wrote:

    

    

      
      
      
      

        
Hi All,

        
 

        
The phrase “working as expected” inspired me.
            For a network slice, what people expect is not only the
            stable working probability/time, but also the guaranteed
            SLA. 

        
 

        
Try to consider from tenant’s perspective, I
            would be very concerned about how much the promised SLA
            could really be achieved. I am not sure which one
            (availability/reliability) this concept should belong to
            according to ITU’s definitions.
            

        
 

        
 

        

          
Best regards,

          
 

          
Cristina QIANG

        

        
 

        

          

            
From: Netslices
                [mailto:netslices-bounces@ietf.org]
                On Behalf Of Stewart Bryant

                Sent: Thursday, August 10, 2017 5:58 PM

                To: netslices@ietf.org

                Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability &
                Availability in NetSling

          

        

        
 

        


            In general at IETF we associate reliable with the
            probability of packet delivery, and a reliable transport
            protocol is one that retries (at a cost of delay) until the
            packet is delivered or other factors intervene. Availability
            tends to refer to the ability of the network to receive
            packets for attempted delivery.

            

            I looked for a formal definition in IPPM which is the WG
            that is concerned with measuring such things but could not
            find a definition.

            

            From the ITU we can find:

        

          
            

              
                
Term : availability (performance)

              		
            

            

              
                
Definition : The ability of an item to be in a state
                    to perform a required function under given
                    conditions at a given instant of time or over a
                    given time interval, assuming that the required
                    external resources are provided.

                    NOTE 1 – This ability depends on the combined
                    aspects of the reliability performance, the
                    maintainability performance and the maintenance
                    support performance. 

                    NOTE 2 – Required external resources, other than
                    maintenance resources do not affect the availability
                    performance of the item.

              		
            

          
        

        
 

        

          
            

              
                
Term : reliability (performance)

              		
            

            

              
                
Definition : The ability of an item to perform a
                    required function under given conditions for a given
                    time interval.

                    NOTE 1 – It is generally assumed that the item is in
                    a state to perform this required function at the
                    beginning of the time interval.

                    NOTE 2 – Generally, reliability performance is
                    quantified using appropriate measures. In some
                    applications, these measures include an expression
                    of reliability performance as a probability, which
                    is also called reliability.

              		
            

          
        

        


            or

        

          
            

              
                
Term : reliability characteristic

              		
            

            

              
                
Definition : The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
                    to maintain a defined QOS requirement.

              		
            

          
        

        


            - Stewart

        

          
On 10/08/2017 05:42,
              Pedro Martinez-Julia wrote:

        

        

          
Dear all,

          
 

          
I personally think it is better to use the industrial definitions but,

          
being purist, we can find important differences between them. While

          
availability is the probability for a system to work as expected in some

          
period of time (99.999% of time), reliability is a broader term that

          
refers to the different situations in which a system will be able to

          
overcome without breaking. In some cases, the latter can incorporate the

          
former, but not in all of them.

          
 

          
For network slicing we can keep the definition commonly used by industry

          
with the necessary details to make clear the aspects that differentiate

          
them. I would keep "working as expected for some period of time" related

          
to availability and "resistant to disparate situations" to reliability.

          
 

          
Regards,

          
Pedro

          
 

          
 

          
On Thu, Aug 10, 2017 at 02:44:09AM +0000, GENG Liang wrote:

          

            
Hi Cristina,

            
 

            
Interestingly we were discussing this confusion with few industrial partners recently. In telecommunication language we normally use "Reliability" to refer the probability a network is stably run (i.e. 99.999% of time). This is also regarded as network "Availability". However, "Reliability" in industrial verticals is more comprehensive - including not only network availability parameter but also mechanics, electricity etc.

            
 

            
Personally I think, network slicing is still looking at network regime where I believe Reliability means the percentage of time a connection is available. But we you sell this concept to industrial verticals, they may think differently.

            
 

            
________________________________

            
Liang GENG

            
China Mobile Research Institute

            
 

            
From: qiangli (D)<mailto:qiangli3@huawei.com>

            
Date: 2017-08-10 10:04

            
To: netslices@ietf.org<mailto:netslices@ietf.org>

            
Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling

            
Hi All,

            
 

            
I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related materials. It seems that “Reliability” supported by Netslicing refers to the probability that a network slice could work stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn’t this be the defination of “Availability”? Then what does reliability mean in NetSlicing?

            
 

            
 

            
Best regards,

            
 

            
Cristina QIANG

            
 

          

          
 

          

            
_______________________________________________

            
Netslices mailing list

            
Netslices@ietf.org

            
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netslices

          

          
 

          
 

        

        
 

      

    

    

  


--------------76AC44FF402B199D3A72C865--


From nobody Sun Aug 13 20:53:47 2017
Return-Path: 
X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id A96AF1201F8 for ; Sun, 13 Aug 2017 20:53:45 -0700 (PDT)
X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com
X-Spam-Flag: NO
X-Spam-Score: -4.21
X-Spam-Level: 
X-Spam-Status: No, score=-4.21 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H3=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01, SPF_PASS=-0.001, T_KAM_HTML_FONT_INVALID=0.01] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no
Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id Zvb7HHbH9rsi for ; Sun, 13 Aug 2017 20:53:43 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from lhrrgout.huawei.com (lhrrgout.huawei.com [194.213.3.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher RC4-SHA (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 5CE28120713 for ; Sun, 13 Aug 2017 20:53:42 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from 172.18.7.190 (EHLO lhreml709-cah.china.huawei.com) ([172.18.7.190]) by lhrrg02-dlp.huawei.com (MOS 4.3.7-GA FastPath queued) with ESMTP id DMO77955; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 03:53:40 +0000 (GMT)
Received: from DGGEMI402-HUB.china.huawei.com (10.3.17.135) by lhreml709-cah.china.huawei.com (10.201.108.32) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 14.3.301.0; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 04:53:38 +0100
Received: from DGGEMI509-MBS.china.huawei.com ([169.254.2.187]) by dggemi402-hub.china.huawei.com ([10.3.17.135]) with mapi id 14.03.0301.000; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 11:53:34 +0800
From: "qiangli (D)" 
To: Stewart Bryant , "netslices@ietf.org" 
CC: =?utf-8?B?TGlhbmcgR2VuZyB8IOiAv+S6rg==?= , "'Pedro Martinez-Julia'" 
Thread-Topic: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
Thread-Index: AQHTEYKQIJcEjhMuTkOxxmA9sYa0YaJ8fOAAgABYO4CAAdmIoP//nzyAgATnNWA=
Date: Mon, 14 Aug 2017 03:53:33 +0000
Message-ID: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A579B55@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>
References: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>  <20170810044200.GB1828@spectre> <17a7e36c-21c7-93ef-8058-573019280dfc@gmail.com> <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com> 
In-Reply-To: 
Accept-Language: zh-CN, en-US
Content-Language: zh-CN
X-MS-Has-Attach: 
X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: 
x-originating-ip: [10.130.163.138]
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A579B55dggemi509mbschi_"
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-CFilter-Loop: Reflected
X-Mirapoint-Virus-RAPID-Raw: score=unknown(0), refid=str=0001.0A090201.59911EC4.006A, ss=1, re=0.000, recu=0.000, reip=0.000,  cl=1, cld=1, fgs=0, ip=169.254.2.187, so=2013-06-18 04:22:30, dmn=2013-03-21 17:37:32
X-Mirapoint-Loop-Id: 5cba06c157681e2fa57e18fb5c72f2dc
Archived-At: 
Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org
X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22
Precedence: list
List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." 
List-Unsubscribe: , 
List-Archive: 
List-Post: 
List-Help: 
List-Subscribe: , 
X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 14 Aug 2017 03:53:46 -0000

--_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A579B55dggemi509mbschi_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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==

--_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A579B55dggemi509mbschi_
Content-Type: text/html; charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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--_000_06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A579B55dggemi509mbschi_--



From nobody Mon Aug 14 01:51:32 2017
Return-Path: 
X-Original-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Delivered-To: netslices@ietfa.amsl.com
Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4D6B91320CC for ; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 01:51:30 -0700 (PDT)
X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com
X-Spam-Flag: NO
X-Spam-Score: -1.989
X-Spam-Level: 
X-Spam-Status: No, score=-1.989 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_PASS=-0.001, T_KAM_HTML_FONT_INVALID=0.01] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no
Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com
Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id 60CI5vTb_G4U for ; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 01:51:27 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from mail-wr0-x230.google.com (mail-wr0-x230.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:400c:c0c::230]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 2432E13207A for ; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 01:51:27 -0700 (PDT)
Received: by mail-wr0-x230.google.com with SMTP id m57so1975371wrm.5 for ; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 01:51:27 -0700 (PDT)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025;  h=subject:to:cc:references:from:message-id:date:user-agent :mime-version:in-reply-to:content-language; bh=4IkaniI4O+r+rYOt1Q+CGEJ9Nh0bVsxsRt71LvVh1K4=; b=IOMmzyg7IFE6LJ1EKKsehhkCqj0p8nSKS6zxBnvTdt6/3FdWhi41WRaVh4jZrKH2r7 dazAtZz7Q2mzTPvuCbpkylTyeOA4DCyMtiZlck3QREeox321mPnE+LrrIVJWceksJZYh 8zCNazX3JHQ3MilxGKMb4rnBw7MBYxy2QpYcc0cWxbl0Mxl1Y79jxcpTi5uPnMSpO4jg 7VOtJc3RZTkOlY58GTaX1N8MW3agO/f4IOVhdTvPt+GArn/lcEo8VHffbMVtvtARSzmy RwamXxawyYzy7PhB826O99RU0x3RJudPBQ4sU+kl+4IFPM+3FKoJNCQTExjD+5CBNoWY Lalw==
X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:subject:to:cc:references:from:message-id:date :user-agent:mime-version:in-reply-to:content-language; bh=4IkaniI4O+r+rYOt1Q+CGEJ9Nh0bVsxsRt71LvVh1K4=; b=fVvqFk5oF8MnRzeAYsLfqbr0slhZSOiMfSiiYE3fy3kfIIEBNhPjri8vDixDBBkfDE A0gN0H6hU5ahFM2XT/R2/NsNXqVxwhf9rENGFgbHggI4BBBTqQoms2LQs4b49/nMpyQC eq5OxKKOoDbjUS3FhcDWH4NAexwQjlQyL0j28E3C9cYLimo0A4GlyDS8UujjFMd/Bw6d sKkMrGqLyhkqsxLszdErmd3vl80UbTgEZ2yFbGWZ3JP/tf7txgq78CldvzHExEzftfRl NwAzC++q2CsL7TS46fSUnT1YNR2bdFlx6ywEZ+zbCcWM/LCMEd0ns4sjmOO9n6Nxach4 a4Kg==
X-Gm-Message-State: AHYfb5j+SZbP7UT7tgGD7UtbRcuI1zm/2huyedmNjMqjn9iCs6r2zDK2 f4v4pG/mOmjK9Q==
X-Received: by 10.223.184.98 with SMTP id u31mr3586487wrf.149.1502700685587; Mon, 14 Aug 2017 01:51:25 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from [192.168.2.126] (host213-123-124-182.in-addr.btopenworld.com. [213.123.124.182]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id r3sm5750500wra.97.2017.08.14.01.51.24 (version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); Mon, 14 Aug 2017 01:51:25 -0700 (PDT)
To: "qiangli (D)" , "netslices@ietf.org" 
Cc: =?UTF-8?B?TGlhbmcgR2VuZyB8IOiAv+S6rg==?= , 'Pedro Martinez-Julia' 
References: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5743F7@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>  <20170810044200.GB1828@spectre> <17a7e36c-21c7-93ef-8058-573019280dfc@gmail.com> <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A5745E2@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>  <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A579B55@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>
From: Stewart Bryant 
Message-ID: 
Date: Mon, 14 Aug 2017 09:51:23 +0100
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/52.2.1
MIME-Version: 1.0
In-Reply-To: <06C389826B926F48A557D5DB5A54C4ED2A579B55@dggemi509-mbs.china.huawei.com>
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------EEE522AC95FD2DD55E5C9B40"
Content-Language: en-GB
Archived-At: 
Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
X-BeenThere: netslices@ietf.org
X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22
Precedence: list
List-Id: "This list is intended for discussion and review of network slicing at IETF." 
List-Unsubscribe: , 
List-Archive: 
List-Post: 
List-Help: 
List-Subscribe: , 
X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 14 Aug 2017 08:51:30 -0000

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------EEE522AC95FD2DD55E5C9B40
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Well, we do need a definition to point to even if we reuse an existing 
definition. That way we all have a common understanding of the term and 
can provide a common explanation to the tenants.

- Stewart


On 14/08/2017 04:53, qiangli (D) wrote:
>
> Hi Stewart and All,
>
> Thank you for your suggestion. According to your information, it seems 
> that the words “reliability” is more suitable for the context of 
> network slicing with SLA guarantee.
>
> As Liang mentioned, industrial verticals and other partners have 
> different views on “reliability”. Even within IETF, different WGs may 
> have different understandings. A standardized definition of 
> “reliability” in NetSlicing scope is quite necessary IMHO, then NS 
> service provider can further classify the “reliability” and adopt the 
> appropriateimplementation technology accordingly. I would like to know 
> your opinion on this, and do we need to define the slicing specific 
> “reliability”?
>
> Best regards,
>
> Cristina QIANG
>
> *From:*Stewart Bryant [mailto:stewart.bryant@gmail.com]
> *Sent:* Friday, August 11, 2017 4:26 PM
> *To:* qiangli (D); netslices@ietf.org
> *Subject:* Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
>
> From a tenant's perspective, which arguably is the most important 
> perspective the key characteristics of interest is  surely "The Mean 
> Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a defined QOS requirement." 
> together with the duration of those periods.
>
> With that information you can the viability of your application over 
> the slice, and the impact on your business.
>
> - Stewart
>
> On 11/08/2017 08:47, qiangli (D) wrote:
>
>     Hi All,
>
>     The phrase “working as expected” inspired me. For a network slice,
>     what people expect is not only the stable working
>     probability/time, but also the guaranteed SLA.
>
>     Try to consider from tenant’s perspective, I would be very
>     concerned about how much the promised SLA could really be
>     achieved. I am not sure which one (availability/reliability) this
>     concept should belong to according to ITU’s definitions.
>
>     Best regards,
>
>     Cristina QIANG
>
>     *From:*Netslices [mailto:netslices-bounces@ietf.org] *On Behalf Of
>     *Stewart Bryant
>     *Sent:* Thursday, August 10, 2017 5:58 PM
>     *To:* netslices@ietf.org 
>     *Subject:* Re: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
>
>
>     In general at IETF we associate reliable with the probability of
>     packet delivery, and a reliable transport protocol is one that
>     retries (at a cost of delay) until the packet is delivered or
>     other factors intervene. Availability tends to refer to the
>     ability of the network to receive packets for attempted delivery.
>
>     I looked for a formal definition in IPPM which is the WG that is
>     concerned with measuring such things but could not find a definition.
>
>     From the ITU we can find:
>
>     *Term* : availability (performance)
>
>     *Definition* : The ability of an item to be in a state to perform
>     a required function under given conditions at a given instant of
>     time or over a given time interval, assuming that the required
>     external resources are provided.
>     NOTE 1 –This ability depends on the combined aspects of the
>     reliability performance, the maintainability performance and the
>     maintenance support performance.
>     NOTE 2 –Required external resources, other than maintenance
>     resources do not affect the availability performance of the item.
>
>     *Term* : reliability (performance)
>
>     *Definition* : The ability of an item to perform a required
>     function under given conditions for a given time interval.
>     NOTE 1 –It is generally assumed that the item is in a state to
>     perform this required function at the beginning of the time interval.
>     NOTE 2 –Generally, reliability performance is quantified using
>     appropriate measures. In some applications, these measures include
>     an expression of reliability performance as a probability, which
>     is also called reliability.
>
>
>     or
>
>     *Term* : reliability characteristic
>
>     *Definition* : The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a
>     defined QOS requirement.
>
>
>     - Stewart
>
>     On 10/08/2017 05:42, Pedro Martinez-Julia wrote:
>
>         Dear all,
>
>         I personally think it is better to use the industrial
>         definitions but,
>
>         being purist, we can find important differences between them.
>         While
>
>         availability is the probability for a system to work as
>         expected in some
>
>         period of time (99.999% of time), reliability is a broader
>         term that
>
>         refers to the different situations in which a system will be
>         able to
>
>         overcome without breaking. In some cases, the latter can
>         incorporate the
>
>         former, but not in all of them.
>
>         For network slicing we can keep the definition commonly used
>         by industry
>
>         with the necessary details to make clear the aspects that
>         differentiate
>
>         them. I would keep "working as expected for some period of
>         time" related
>
>         to availability and "resistant to disparate situations" to
>         reliability.
>
>         Regards,
>
>         Pedro
>
>         On Thu, Aug 10, 2017 at 02:44:09AM +0000, GENG Liang wrote:
>
>             Hi Cristina,
>
>             Interestingly we were discussing this confusion with few
>             industrial partners recently. In telecommunication
>             language we normally use "Reliability" to refer the
>             probability a network is stably run (i.e. 99.999% of
>             time). This is also regarded as network "Availability".
>             However, "Reliability" in industrial verticals is more
>             comprehensive - including not only network availability
>             parameter but also mechanics, electricity etc.
>
>             Personally I think, network slicing is still looking at
>             network regime where I believe Reliability means the
>             percentage of time a connection is available. But we you
>             sell this concept to industrial verticals, they may think
>             differently.
>
>             ________________________________
>
>             Liang GENG
>
>             China Mobile Research Institute
>
>             From: qiangli (D)
>             
>
>             Date: 2017-08-10 10:04
>
>             To: netslices@ietf.org
>             
>             
>
>             Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling
>
>             Hi All,
>
>             I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related
>             materials. It seems that “Reliability”supported by Netslicing refers to the probability that a
>             network slice could work stably, or other similar metrics.
>             But, shouldn’t this be the defination of “Availability”? Then what does reliability mean in NetSlicing?
>
>             Best regards,
>
>             Cristina QIANG
>
>             _______________________________________________
>
>             Netslices mailing list
>
>             Netslices@ietf.org 
>
>             https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netslices
>


--------------EEE522AC95FD2DD55E5C9B40
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit


  
    
  
  
    
Well, we do need a
        definition to point to even if we reuse an existing definition.
        That way we all have a common understanding of the term and can
        provide a common explanation to the tenants.

      

    
- Stewart

    

    

    
On 14/08/2017 04:53, qiangli (D) wrote:

    

    

      
      
      
      

        
Hi Stewart and All,

        
 

        
Thank you for your suggestion. According to
            your information, it seems that the words “reliability” is
            more suitable for the context of network slicing with SLA
            guarantee. 

        
 

        
As Liang mentioned, industrial verticals and
            other partners have different views on “reliability”. Even
            within IETF, different WGs may have different
            understandings. A standardized definition of “reliability”
            in NetSlicing scope is quite necessary IMHO, then NS service
            provider can further classify the “reliability” and adopt
            the appropriate
          implementation technology accordingly. I would
            like to know your opinion on this, and do we need to define
            the slicing specific “reliability”?

        
 

        

          
Best regards,

          
 

          
Cristina QIANG

        

        
 

        

          

            
From: Stewart Bryant
                [mailto:stewart.bryant@gmail.com]
                

                Sent: Friday, August 11, 2017 4:26 PM

                To: qiangli (D); netslices@ietf.org

                Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability &
                Availability in NetSling

          

        

        
 

        
 

        
From a tenant's perspective, which arguably is
            the most important perspective the key characteristics of
            interest is  surely "The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
            to maintain a defined QOS requirement." together with the
            duration of those periods.

            

            With that information you can the viability of your
            application over the slice, and the impact on your business.

            

            - Stewart

            

            

        

          
On 11/08/2017 08:47,
              qiangli (D) wrote:

        

        

          
Hi All,

          
 

          
The phrase “working as expected” inspired me.
              For a network slice, what people expect is not only the
              stable working probability/time, but also the guaranteed
              SLA. 

          
 

          
Try to consider from tenant’s perspective, I
              would be very concerned about how much the promised SLA
              could really be achieved. I am not sure which one
              (availability/reliability) this concept should belong to
              according to ITU’s definitions.
            

          
 

          
 

          

            
Best regards,

            
 

            
Cristina QIANG

          

          
 

          

            

              
From: Netslices [mailto:netslices-bounces@ietf.org]
                  On Behalf Of Stewart Bryant

                  Sent: Thursday, August 10, 2017 5:58 PM

                  To: netslices@ietf.org

                  Subject: Re: [Netslices] Reliability &
                  Availability in NetSling

            

          

          
 

          


              In general at IETF we associate reliable with the
              probability of packet delivery, and a reliable transport
              protocol is one that retries (at a cost of delay) until
              the packet is delivered or other factors intervene.
              Availability tends to refer to the ability of the network
              to receive packets for attempted delivery.

              

              I looked for a formal definition in IPPM which is the WG
              that is concerned with measuring such things but could not
              find a definition.

              

              From the ITU we can find:

          

            
              

                
                  
Term : availability
                      (performance)

                		
              

              

                
                  
Definition : The ability
                      of an item to be in a state to perform a required
                      function under given conditions at a given instant
                      of time or over a given time interval, assuming
                      that the required external resources are provided.

                      NOTE 1 – This ability depends on the
                        combined aspects of the reliability performance,
                        the maintainability performance and the
                        maintenance support performance. 

                        NOTE 2 – Required
                        external resources, other than maintenance
                        resources do not affect the availability
                        performance of the item.

                		
              

            
          

          
 

          

            
              

                
                  
Term : reliability
                      (performance)

                		
              

              

                
                  
Definition : The ability
                      of an item to perform a required function under
                      given conditions for a given time interval.

                      NOTE 1 – It is generally assumed that the
                        item is in a state to perform this required
                        function at the beginning of the time interval.

                        NOTE 2 – Generally,
                        reliability performance is quantified using
                        appropriate measures. In some applications,
                        these measures include an expression of
                        reliability performance as a probability, which
                        is also called reliability.

                		
              

            
          

          


              or

          

            
              

                
                  
Term : reliability
                      characteristic

                		
              

              

                
                  
Definition : The Mean
                      Time Between Failures (MTBF) to maintain a defined
                      QOS requirement.

                		
              

            
          

          


              - Stewart

          

            
On 10/08/2017 05:42,
                Pedro Martinez-Julia wrote:

          

          

            
Dear all,

            
 

            
I personally think it is better to use the industrial definitions but,

            
being purist, we can find important differences between them. While

            
availability is the probability for a system to work as expected in some

            
period of time (99.999% of time), reliability is a broader term that

            
refers to the different situations in which a system will be able to

            
overcome without breaking. In some cases, the latter can incorporate the

            
former, but not in all of them.

            
 

            
For network slicing we can keep the definition commonly used by industry

            
with the necessary details to make clear the aspects that differentiate

            
them. I would keep "working as expected for some period of time" related

            
to availability and "resistant to disparate situations" to reliability.

            
 

            
Regards,

            
Pedro

            
 

            
 

            
On Thu, Aug 10, 2017 at 02:44:09AM +0000, GENG Liang wrote:

            

              
Hi Cristina,

              
 

              
Interestingly we were discussing this confusion with few industrial partners recently. In telecommunication language we normally use "Reliability" to refer the probability a network is stably run (i.e. 99.999% of time). This is also regarded as network "Availability". However, "Reliability" in industrial verticals is more comprehensive - including not only network availability parameter but also mechanics, electricity etc.

              
 

              
Personally I think, network slicing is still looking at network regime where I believe Reliability means the percentage of time a connection is available. But we you sell this concept to industrial verticals, they may think differently.

              
 

              
________________________________

              
Liang GENG

              
China Mobile Research Institute

              
 

              
From: qiangli (D)<mailto:qiangli3@huawei.com>

              
Date: 2017-08-10 10:04

              
To: netslices@ietf.org<mailto:netslices@ietf.org>

              
Subject: [Netslices] Reliability & Availability in NetSling

              
Hi All,

              
 

              
I was confused when I was reading some NetSlicing related materials. It seems that “Reliability” supported by Netslicing refers to the probability that a network slice could work stably, or other similar metrics. But, shouldn’t this be the defination of “Availability”? Then what does reliability mean in NetSlicing?

              
 

              
 

              
Best regards,

              
 

              
Cristina QIANG

              
 

            

            
 

            

              
_______________________________________________

              
Netslices mailing list

              
Netslices@ietf.org

              
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netslices

            

            
 

            
 

          

          
 

        

        
 

      

    

    

  


--------------EEE522AC95FD2DD55E5C9B40--