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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: mshore@cisco.com, hgs+nsis@cs.columbia.edu
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Subject: [NSIS] [NSIS]: identifiers with global scope
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Melinda, Henning

thanks for your clarifications. I fully agree with Melinda that the issue of "identifiers with global scope" needs some more discussion. Melinda mentions that there's "some agreement that [global IDs are] needed". And "there hasn't been sufficient discussion of namespace collision avoidance and there hasn't been discussion of how to avoid a proliferation of identifiers, the latter of which is a potential problem."

What is lacking seems to be a concept how to make "identifiers with global scope" operational. There may be more "next steps of NSIS", but to me that is one which is important (I also like these identifiers). Should we solve the problem right now and go on? Or just define some "parameter" space and look for details later? In the latter case I'd prefer to have a "plan B", to be able to continue work if global IDs don't work.

Practical solutions to the global ID scheme? A 32 bit number, globally unique. Should there be a fixed "per operator" code (AS number, country code, IP address/prefix, other) and a variable one? Only a variable one? How's the latter organised (I've got no expertise and the sole statement that 32 bit coding space is sufficient to avoid collisions doesn't help to much, even if I believe it). Or did I miss something and the 32 bit number is valid only in combination with an address or the like?

Regards, Rudiger



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To: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
cc: hgs+nsis@cs.columbia.edu, nsis@ietf.org
From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
In-Reply-To: Message from Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com
   of "Tue, 01 Jul 2003 09:22:50 +0200." <9F8582E37B2EE5498E76392AEDDCD3FE03DBB50D@G8PQD.blf01.telekom.de> 
Date: Tue, 01 Jul 2003 07:04:37 -0400
Subject: [NSIS] Re: [NSIS]: identifiers with global scope
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> Practical solutions to the global ID scheme? A 32 bit
> number, globally unique. Should there be a fixed "per
> operator" code (AS number, country code, IP
> address/prefix, other) and a variable one? Only a variable
> one? How's the latter organised (I've got no expertise and
> the sole statement that 32 bit coding space is sufficient
> to avoid collisions doesn't help to much, even if I
> believe it). Or did I miss something and the 32 bit number
> is valid only in combination with an address or the like?

A 32-bit number on its own is unfortunately insufficient to
provide reasonable protection against collisions on its own.
I think there are things we can do with high-resolution
timestamps or cryptographically, but we're going to need
more bits (potentially a lot more bits).  This is not an
uncommon problem and I expect there's been some useful work
done already; a literature search is probably a good next
step.

I should add that I am not comfortable with a scheme that
relies on a central registry.

Melinda


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: A Quality of Service NSLP for NSIS
	Author(s)	: A. McDonald et al.
	Filename	: draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp-00.txt
	Pages		: 39
	Date		: 2003-6-30
	
This draft describes a protocol to be used for signaling QoS
reservations in the Internet. It is compatible with the framework and
requirements for such signaling protocols developed within NSIS; in
conjunction with the NSIS Transport solution, it provides
functionality comparable to RSVP: it is independent of the details of
QoS specification, and adds support for a greater variety of
reservation models, but is simplified by the elimination of support
for multicast flows.

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From: Pete McCann <mccap@lucent.com>
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [NSIS] I-D ACTION:draft-alfano-aaa-qosreq-00.txt
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Hi, John,

I don't think it's too soon to start considering this sort of
interaction, especially because, as Hannes has indicated, there may be
some impact on the NSIS protocol itself.  Also, our hope is that we
can make use of an IETF-specified Diameter application for the
appropriate interfaces in the next release of 3GPP and 3GPP2
specifications, which means the sooner we can get started the better.

We certainly intend to continue the discussion with Hannes and others
on both the NSIS and AAA lists, as appropriate - hopefully the
bandwidth we use will be tolerated by those not directly interested in
the topic.

-Pete



john.loughney@nokia.com writes:
 > Hi Pete,
 > 
 > Question for you - NSIS will obviously need some AAA interaction,
 > not just for QoS, but for middle box traversal (note, new NSIS
 > charter has been announced).
 > 
 > It might be interesting to discuss this work in both AAA & NSIS,
 > but my feeling is that the AAA WG already has a lot to do.  Perhaps
 > you could work with Hannes to incorporate aspects of the drafts
 > together.  
 > 
 > thanks,
 > John
 > 
 > > -----Original Message-----
 > > From: ext Pete McCann [mailto:mccap@lucent.com]
 > > Sent: 26 June, 2003 23:20
 > > To: nsis@ietf.org; aaa-wg@merit.edu
 > > Subject: [AAA-WG]: [NSIS] I-D ACTION:draft-alfano-aaa-qosreq-00.txt
 > > 
 > > 
 > > 
 > > Hi,
 > > 
 > > We hope everyone who is interested in QoS/AAA has a chance to read the
 > > draft we have just submitted.
 > > 
 > > Our work is definitely related to the 2 drafts-tschofenig that have
 > > been posted on the NSIS group (apologies for not acknowledging this
 > > explicitly in the draft, but we found them only recently and are still
 > > reading them).  However, our work focuses more on the requirements for
 > > a AAA protocol rather than requirements for NSIS.  Also, we are trying
 > > to set forth in our draft what we think is the proper relationship
 > > between NSIS/RSVP, AAA, and call control protocols like SIP.
 > > 
 > > Please read/comment!
 > > 
 > > -Pete
 > > 
 > > Internet-Drafts@ietf.org writes:
 > >  > A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line 
 > > Internet-Drafts directories.
 > >  > 
 > >  > 
 > >  > 	Title		: Requirements for a QoS AAA Protocol
 > >  > 	Author(s)	: F. Alfano et al.
 > >  > 	Filename	: draft-alfano-aaa-qosreq-00.txt
 > >  > 	Pages		: 16
 > >  > 	Date		: 2003-6-24
 > >  > 	
 > >  > This document describes requirements for a protocol that would 
 > >  > perform Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting for 
 > > Quality-of-
 > >  > Service reservations.  This protocol would be used by 
 > > elements along 
 > >  > the path of a given application flow to authenticate a reservation 
 > >  > request, ensure that the reservation is authorized, and to account 
 > >  > for resources used during the life of the application flow.  A QoS 
 > >  > AAA protocol should also support dynamic authorization of QoS as a 
 > >  > function of application and account state.  While we assume the 
 > >  > existence of some QoS reservation protocol to allow endpoints to 
 > >  > request QoS from network elements, complete requirements 
 > > for such a 
 > >  > protocol are outside the scope of this document and a QoS AAA 
 > >  > protocol could be used to support more than one kind of 
 > > reservation 
 > >  > protocol.  A QoS AAA protocol could be used between any 
 > > bearer-level 
 > >  > network element that lies along the path of an application 
 > > flow and 
 > >  > an application server that lies anywhere in the network, 
 > > allowing for 
 > >  > a wide variety of flexible service deployment models.
 > >  > 
 > >  > A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
 > >  > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-alfano-aaa-qosreq-00.txt
 > > 
 > > 
 > > 


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From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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To: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] Re: [NSIS]: identifiers with global scope
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I've talked about that in depth at the interim meeting. This is a 
well-known problem, also known as the "birthday problem". I picked a 128 
bit random number as a reasonable compromise where the collision 
probability is way below the '5 nines' reliability threshold.

For example, I computed the collision probability (using bc, the 
extended-precision library on Unix) for the case of d=2^127 and 
n=10,000, i.e., 10,000 simultaneous sessions in a node, using my 
suggested identifier length of 128 bits. The collision probability is 
approximated according to Eq. (5) in 
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BirthdayProblem.html as

.0000000000000000000000000000002938436127

Thus, this probability is far smaller than, say, the probability of 
winning the Powerball lottery (which is approximately
.00000000125). For 32 bits, the collision probability increases to
.011 (roughly, 1%), which is clearly too large. 64 bits yields 
.0000000000027102343806669673910162993043, which is also way below any 
other likely error contribution.

I think I've gone through the other plausible alternatives for defining 
identifiers in an earlier message, and they all have fatal flaws in 
practical networks. (Plausible does not include a central mechanism for 
doling out numbers....) There is one other reasonable approach that 
combines a random, locally-unique identifier with a host IP address. 
This works as long as the host is not on an RFC-1918-addressed device. 
If we assume that the number of such devices is much smaller than the 
number of nodes overall, one could pick a combination of a short random 
identifier with the IP address. This seems dicier to me since there may 
well be two very large 1918-style networks that have a lot of flows 
between them.

Henning


Melinda Shore wrote:

>>Practical solutions to the global ID scheme? A 32 bit
>>number, globally unique. Should there be a fixed "per
>>operator" code (AS number, country code, IP
>>address/prefix, other) and a variable one? Only a variable
>>one? How's the latter organised (I've got no expertise and
>>the sole statement that 32 bit coding space is sufficient
>>to avoid collisions doesn't help to much, even if I
>>believe it). Or did I miss something and the 32 bit number
>>is valid only in combination with an address or the like?
> 
> 
> A 32-bit number on its own is unfortunately insufficient to
> provide reasonable protection against collisions on its own.
> I think there are things we can do with high-resolution
> timestamps or cryptographically, but we're going to need
> more bits (potentially a lot more bits).  This is not an
> uncommon problem and I expect there's been some useful work
> done already; a literature search is probably a good next
> step.
> 
> I should add that I am not comfortable with a scheme that
> relies on a central registry.
> 
> Melinda
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis


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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
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Henning,

I've read your draft and would like to provide a brief feedback:

I like the idea of using whatever transport is already there. I also =
appreciate that space and ideas on security issues are provided.

I don't understand how GIMPS works if a re-route occurs between =
querying node and an already discovered next-hop peer. If you've =
provided text I'd appreciate if you explain things more explicit.

The state table seems to include information on the previous hop and on =
"the existing transport and security assosiaction to the next-hop =
peer". That's mentioned several times in the text. It may be added in =
the paragraph "each node maintains a forwarding state table that =
includes...". It's clear to me that several individual state table =
entries may refer to the same previous/next peer entries.

Two editorials:

Section 2 mentions a "GTSP".
Section 6 doesn't contain a "message SDU" (or message content), which =
should at least be optional.

I don't intend to start a detailed discussion. I'm rather asking for a =
couple of clarifications by the author.=20

Regards, R=FCdiger

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Jul  1 23:22:37 2003
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Date: Tue, 01 Jul 2003 15:04:39 -0400
From: Michael Lee <mlee@cnri.reston.va.us>
Subject: [NSIS] Document Action: Requirements of a QoS Solution for Mobile IP
 to an Informatinal RFC
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The IESG has approved the Internet-Draft 'Requirements of a QoS Solution 
for Mobile IP' <draft-ietf-nsis-qos-requirements-01.txt> as an 
Informatinal RFC. This document is the product of the Next Steps in 
Signaling Working Group. 
The IESG contact persons are A. Mankin and J. Peterson


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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [NSIS] I-D ACTION:draft-alfano-aaa-qosreq-00.txt
Date: Wed, 2 Jul 2003 11:49:11 +0300
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Hi Pete,

> I don't think it's too soon to start considering this sort of
> interaction, especially because, as Hannes has indicated, there may be
> some impact on the NSIS protocol itself.  Also, our hope is that we
> can make use of an IETF-specified Diameter application for the
> appropriate interfaces in the next release of 3GPP and 3GPP2
> specifications, which means the sooner we can get started the better.
>=20
> We certainly intend to continue the discussion with Hannes and others
> on both the NSIS and AAA lists, as appropriate - hopefully the
> bandwidth we use will be tolerated by those not directly interested in
> the topic.

I think if we breakdown the problem into near term and longer term,
the Diameter based solution is a good approach for the near term &
may help generate useful material for the longer-term impact on
NSIS.

I don't see a problem discussing this on NSIS.

thanks,
John

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Tschofenig Hannes writes:
 > hi pete, 
 > 
 > as promised i have read your draft and provided some comments inline. please
 > take a look at: 
 > 
 > http://www.tschofenig.priv.at/comments/draft-alfano-aaa-qosreq-00-hannes.txt
 > 
 > it is good that you join the discussion. 
 > 
 > ciao
 > hannes



Hi, Hannes,

Thanks for your detailed comments - unfortunately it is more difficult
for me to post files to the web on short notice, so I will try to respond to
each of your points in this e-mail, deleting most of the draft text.

See below...



# please see my comments inline. 

# general comment: 
# 
# it is good that someone finally joins the aaa/qos discussion. i
# always had the impression that there are a number of things that
# need to be discussed.

It's good to find your work in progress here in NSIS: hopefully we can work
together to produce something useful.


# Section 1 discusses a number of issues which are not applicable for
# AAA and QoS reservations (my opinion).

The Introduction tries to motivate the scope of the work; perhaps it wouldn't be
appropriate for the final requirements document, at least not in its current form.
(but see below)


# For the purpose of authorization it is not relevant which protocols
# (nsis, rsvp, etc.) carry the qos request to the network.

Yes, I agree - section 1 is just an introduction, and is an attempt to motivate
the work in the context of several different reservation protocols.  Note that
our draft is a set of requirements for a AAA protocol, not a set of requirements
for NSIS.


# it would be good to have the documents more generic, link layer and
# 3gpp (or similar) independent.

Understood; the 3G examples are given simply as motivation.  In
particular, we think that some of the current architectures for
authorizing QoS may be harmful, as they may tend to limit the
deployability of new services by linking the signaling plane to the
bearer plane in a certain inflexible way.  The body of the document
should be generic.


# the term bearer is not used in nsis. 

We use this to refer to anything that is on the path of the application flow
or to the resources used to support the application flow.  Can you suggest
the proper NSIS term?  I guess we are showing our bellhead colors here...


 
   there will be no need to manage them with a reservation protocol.  
   Also, if the transport or application layers can provide self-
   correcting congestion control, it may be possible to operate the 
   network even with high utilization and still meet the QoS 
   requirements of the various applications.

# this is a motiviation for not using qos at all. 

Yes, it's one scenario where you don't necessarily need to signal for
resources, and is designed to set up a contrast with the remainder of
the paragraph...

  However, when bandwidth is 
   expensive and must be carefully managed, such as in wide-area 
   cellular networks, and/or when applications and transport protocols 
   lack the capability or cannot be trusted to perform congestion 
   control, explicit reservation techniques are required.  Note that a 
   reservation protocol might be used regardless of the mechanisms used 
   to enforce QoS, e.g., IntSrv or DiffSrv. 

...
    
   Despite the advantages of closer coupling between application and 
   bearer, the use of private, local interfaces between SIP servers and 
   the bearer path leads to several disadvantages: 
    
      * Use of SIP servers other than the ones provided by the operator 
        becomes more difficult. 
      * Deployment of some new applications requires close coordination 
        with the network operator. 
      * It becomes impossible to handle mobility at the network layer 
        when a change in the bearer element point of attachment to the 
        Internet requires a change in the associated SIP server. 
      * Use of protocols other than SIP to establish sessions becomes 
        impossible. 
   
# I would like to understand the motivation for the tight 
# coupling between an application and a QoS signaling protocol. 

See the previous paragraphs in the draft; however, what is not covered
there explicitly is the desire on the part of operators to participate
in more than just transport of IP packets.  They do this by preventing
bearer application flows until some SIP server in their network says
it is OK.

Now, that may or may not be a good idea, but it seems to be a reality
of the current 3G architectures.  We think that by opening up a
QoS/AAA interface, and by doing this work in the IETF, we can at least
make sure that the interface between application and bearer is an
open, inter-domain one and allows for application servers to be placed
anywhere on the Internet, assuming they can connect to the AAA cloud.
That will allow for easy deployment of new applications, in keeping
with the end-to-end principle.


# - which application knowledge is sometimes needed 

Sometimes it is just the fact that some particular application server
participated in the call set-up.

# - the should be a clearer distinction between " the qos protocol
# obtains information from the application signaling protocol" and "tight coupling". 

We can work on this for the next version.

# - does this related a bit to john's draft draft-ietf-sipping-aaa-req-03.txt?

Only indirectly.  I think sipping-aaa is an attempt to capture the
requirements of a AAA protocol that would support SIP.  That is, you
need to authenticate & authorize registrations, INVITEs, etc.  In
contrast, we are proposing a AAA protocol that would be used to
authenticate QoS reservation requests.  Now, the reservation requests
may have been triggered after some SIP interaction took place, but
that is just happenstance --- in general there is no need to execute
SIP prior to a QoS reservation request.


...
 
   To meet the requirements of network operators while at the same time 
   preserving the best of the end-to-end Internet service model, we 
   propose that a AAA protocol be developed that can be used by bearer 
   elements to authenticate, authorize, and account for individual 
   application flows that require QoS.

# there is already a aaa protocol used for this purpose => 
#
#  [RFC2748]    Boyle, J., Cohen, R., Durham, D., Herzog, S., Rajan, 
#  R., Sastry, A.: "The COPS(Common Open Policy Service) Protocol", RFC 
#  2748, January, 2000. 
#   
#  [RFC2749]    Boyle, J., Cohen, R., Durham, D., Herzog, S., Rajan, 
#  R., Sastry, A.: "COPS usage for RSVP", RFC 2749, January, 2000. 
#   
#  [RFC2750]    Herzog, S.: "RSVP Extensions for Policy Control", RFC 
#  2750, January, 2000. 
#
# is this insufficient for your purpose? 

COPS is one approach, but my personal bias would be to do this sort of
thing with Diameter.  Mainly, this is because the 3GPP2 operators will
already have an inter-domain AAA infrastructure based on RADIUS
(hopefully evolving to Diameter) and it would be good to re-use this
infrastructure for QoS authorization as well as basic network access
authentication.  I don't mean to restart the COPS vs. Diameter thread
here, but I think Diameter has some advantages over COPS.

...

 
                          +------+         +------+ 
                          | Subs |         |      | 
                          |  DB  |         |  AS  | 
                          |      |         |      | 
                          +---\--+         +---/--+ 
                               \              / 
                                \            / 
                               /-\----------/\ 
                           ////               \\\\ 
                         ||                       || 
                        |         AAA Cloud         | 
                         ||                       || 
                           \\\\               //// 
                               \-------+-----/ 
                                       | 
                                   +---+--+ 
               Application         |      | 
               Flow ===============+  BE  +==========>> 
                                   |      | 
                                   +------+ 
             Figure 1.  An architecture supporting QoS-AAA 
    
   Figure 1 depicts a bearer element 

# why is it necessary to talk about bearer elements? 

These are the nodes that would process NSIS (or other reservation) messages, i.e.,
the IP routers along the path of the flow.

# what is the subs db? 

This is short for "Subscriber Database" --- it would be (or be
"behind") the home AAA server, and would store information about
the subscription, i.e., what sorts of QoS the user is allowed.

# what information is used to compute this authorization decision?

If the subscriber database is used, it might just be a check of the
requested QoS (and perhaps the link type and/or some other indication
of cost) against what the user has signed up for.

If an application server is used, it might be a check of the requested
QoS against the e.g., SIP SDP that was negotiated.

  In more complex deployment models, the 
   authorization will be based on dynamic application state, so the 
   request must be authenticated and authorized based on information 
   from one or more application servers.

# what information would you like to use to compute this authorization decision? 
# how does the message flow look like? 

We could get into that in a protocol document; I'm not sure it belongs
here in the requirements.  At a high level, I think the bearer element
would pick up the QoS request, and then send a AAA message to the
authorizing entity containing various parameters of the request.  The
authorizing entity would then consult internal data structures and return
a yea/nay response.  Also, the authorizing entity could update the bearer
element proactively if the subscriber profile changes or if the application
state changes.

  If defined properly, the 
   interface between the bearer element and AAA cloud would be identical 
   in both cases.

# the interface propably but the message routing seems to be more complex since
# some information from the application server needs be incorporated? 

I'm not sure it has to be.  Assuming there is an identifier for an "authorizing
entity" and that entity has the ability to update the bearer element dynamically,
we can really hide the details of what kind of authorizing entity is being used.
However, I think it's important to talk about application servers explicitly
in the requirements so that we know what role they will be playing in the overall
architecture.

...

    Termination Actions 
       On-line accounting allows for the on-line accounting 
       authorization entity to terminate flows in real time. A 
       termination action defines the action to be taken by the bearer 
       element for the case where a flow has been terminated. For 
       example flow packets might be dropped, might be redirected, or 
       might be allowed to continue but not be counted. 
    
# the term "On-line accounting" is new to me? is it something similar to real-time credit control?

Yes, also called "pre-paid."  We should be more explicit about that.


...

4.1 Identity Information 
    
   The QoS signaling protocol MUST carry information sufficient to 
   identify an authorizing entity for a QoS request. 
    
   For instance, the identity may be represented as the NAI of a user or 
   FQDN of an application server. 
   
# this requirement is already included in the nsis requirements draft. in section 
# 5.7.1 "Authentication of signaling requests" we require that the entity requesting resources 
# has to be authenticated. 

Ok, good.  Again, our document is intended to be a requirement for a
AAA protocol rather than NSIS, but we thought it was important to list
at least the basic attributes that must be supported by a reservation
protocol.  This sort of requirement may or may not go into a final
requirements document, depending on what the WG thinks.


4.2 Flow Information 
    
   The QoS signaling protocol MUST carry information sufficient to 
   identify the application flow(s).


# this is a natural requirement for qos signaling and therefore covered by the nsis requirements draft. 

Ok, good, but see above.


  However, the protocol MUST allow 
   flow information to be under-specified ("wild carded") in the case 
   when specific endpoints are not known at the time of resource 
   reservation. 

# this is a new requirement. why would you like to specify wildcards? 
# wildcards for what (ports, ip addresses, transport protocol; source or destination  ?
# that might raise a number of questions!

This is just an attempt to capture e.g., the wildcard sender selection
supported by RSVP.  Depending on the signaling protocol, the endpoint
may or may not have complete information about the sender IP
address/port, and may only have a range of destination
ports... anyway, we are open to re-wording this.
    
    
4.3 Authentication Information 

# the subsection title does not match the content

Could you be more specific?  Do you not think that checking the integrity of
a message is a form of authentication?
    
   The QoS signaling protocol MUST be integrity protected. 

# covered by requirement 5.7.3 Integrity protection

See above with respect to requirements on a generic reservation protocol
in this document.
    
   For example, each message could carry a cryptographic message 
   authentication code to ensure that only valid requests are granted by 
   the network.  This is especially important when a user is being held 
   responsible for charges associated with a QoS session.

# how would you enable that? "held responsible for charges" sounds like non-repudidation

I'm not sure we need a strong form of non-repudiation (really, that would
require MACs on every packet in the flow!) but at least we should have an
initial/periodic authenticated request.  

...

5.1 Inter-domain Support 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST support inter-domain operation where the 
   bearer elements, subscriber databases, and application servers can 
   each belong to different administrative domains. 
    

# covered by the fact that mobility is a goal for nsis. 
# additionally we specified "5.9.4 SHOULD provide hooks for AAA protocols "

This one is important for the AAA protocol, and not necessarily covered by
the 2 NSIS requirements you quote.  It is possible to have a mobile-aware
NSIS that provides hooks for AAA, but where the supporting AAA infrastructure
does not support inter-domain operation.  This is a critical point that we
want to ensure is addressed by the AAA protocol.

...
    
5.2 Identity-based Routing 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST route AAA requests to the authorizing 
   entity based on the identity information given in the QoS signaling 
   protocol. 

# this is the general procedure.     

Clearly, this requirement could easily be met by a Diameter or RADIUS
protocol, but I don't think its a "general procedure" of NSIS, right?

...
    
6.1 Authentication Check 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST support verification of authentication 
   information present in QoS signaling messages. 
 
# should this requirement be combined with 4.1 and 4.3 of the previous section?

Again, this section covers the AAA protocol, whereas Section 4 covers
the QoS reservation protocol.

...    
    
7.1 Flow Information 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST carry flow information to and from the 
   authorizing entity.

# is this a typo? how should the authorizing entity know information about the flow? 
# what whould the authorizing entity do with the flow information?
# between which entity is the flow information carried? 

The idea is to carry the flow information from the bearer element
(e.g., NSIS signaling-aware node) to the authorizing entity, so that
it can be matched against the application-layer signaling that was
carried out.  For example, if SIP is the upper layer signaling, and
the authorizing entity is a SIP server, you would check that the SDP
matched the flow requested in the NSIS signaling.

...

 However, the protocol MUST allow flow information 
   to be under-specified ("wild carded") in the case when specific 
   endpoints are not known at the time of initial resource 
   authorization. 
# hmm. i am not sure that i really understand what you really need this for.

See discussion above in section 4.  Maybe we need to re-state these requirments.
    
 
7.2 Application State Pointer 
 
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST carry information sufficient for an 
   application server to identify the appropriate application session. 
    
   Note that this requirement might be met by the same mechanism as for 
   requirement 7.1, if flow information alone is sufficient to identify 
   an application session. 

# nsis adds a session identifier? would that be useful?

An NSIS session identifier wouldn't necessarily help the authorizing entity
find the session information - it would be more like a token that would appear
separately in the NSIS signaling, and which would be carried via AAA to the
authorizing entity.
    
 
7.3 Dynamic Authorization 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST support dynamic authorization; that is, it 
   MUST be possible to push updates towards the bearer element(s) from 
   authorizing entities. 
    
# what do you call "dynamic authorization"? 
# is a authorization request which is given an answer? 

The authorization state may change even after the initial (successful)
authorization.  For instance, if the user's subscription is updated to
remove QoS service, we may need to revoke an existing session.  Similarly,
if the application state changes, the corresponding QoS session may need
to be revoked.


   This requirement would support runtime changes to a subscriber 
   profile or application state transitions that would authorize/de-
   authorize application flows. 

# this sounds like assynchronous notifications from the user's home 
# network (in case of profile changes) to the networks where the user reserved 
# resources. 

Yes, exactly.

# what information is contained in the profile that would require such a notification?

For example, an upgrade/downgrade to a subscriber's allowed bandwidth.


...    
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST allow the authorizing entity to gate 
   authorized application flows. 
    
 # this sounds to me like an interworking with midcom. 
 # i would like to make sure that i correctly understood this issue: 
 # an unsuccessful qos authorization would cause packet filters to be installed that 
 # data traffic is disallowed to flow? 

At least, the packet filters would *not* be installed to support QoS for that flow.
Perhaps also the (best effort) packets would be discarded, but this is harder to
justify.

...

8.1 Accounting Records 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST define QoS accounting records containing 
   duration or volume (bytecount) usage information, or both duration 
   and Volume usage information.  The records MUST also contain a 
   description of the QoS attributes (e.g., bandwidth, delay, loss rate) 
   that were supported for the flow. 
 
# this sounds like a useful requriement. haven't other groups (such as the 3gpp, packetcable or 3gpp)
# worked on similar things?

Yes, there are various accounting formats defined; hopefully the IETF could
define the generic "IP-layer" accounting for QoS that would be useful to a
wide variety of specific link layers.

 
8.2 Accounting Rules 
 
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST allow the authorizing entity to transfer 
   accounting rules that are applicable to specific flows. These rules 
   would define the on-line ("pre-paid") versus off-line ("post-paid") 
   nature of the accounting as well as convey other associated 
   parameters such as record identifiers, rating information, usage 
   quota, on-line termination actions, etc. 

# why would the authorizing entity exchange such rules? most information is 
# already available to the pep (such as flow identifier, qos objects, session id, etc.)

The rules are not what to do with the traffic; rather, they are how to
count the traffic.  For example, you should be told whether to count different
senders in distinct buckets, or count everything for a single reservation
together.  If pre-paid is used, you should be told how much quota is available
and in what units it is represented.  These all fall under the generic term
"Accounting Rules".  Perhaps we need to expand on these.

# why does accounting of qos differ so much from traditional accounting (except for some new 
# fields describing the qos parameters)?

Maybe it wouldn't, but at least pre-paid might have some impact over and above
"traditional" accounting (not sure which tradition you are making reference to,
of course).

 
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST allow for accounting rules to be provided 
   at authorization time as well as to be pushed later as dynamic 
   updates. 

# which protocol provides such a capability (radius, diameter, cops)? 

Again, our bias is towards Diameter, but you can clearly do this sort of
thing in both RADIUS and COPS with the right extensions/modifications.

    
8.3 Sending Accounting Records 
    
   The bearer element MUST send accounting records for a particular 
   application flow to the authorizing entity for that flow or to 
   another entity identified by the authorizing entity. 
 
# previously i had the impression that you would like to send an initial authorization request around. 
# this requirement, however, sounds like shipping accounting records around and asking for an authorization 
# based on these accounting record. 

It wasn't intended that way: this requirement simply requires accounting records
to be sent.  The destination for the accounting records depends on who authorized
the session.



8.4 Loss of Bearer Notification Requirements 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST allow the bearer element to report loss of 
   bearer to the authorizing entity. 
    
# isn't it possible to specify this requirement as a "termination" reason. 

Yes, that might be a more generic way to put it.

# i guess a loss of bearer is more relevant for network access in general. 
# how do you detect a loss of bearer in general. some link layer mechanisms do not provide 
# such a mechanism.

Right, but this is a key requirement of some of the 3G deployments.  Cellular link
layers, especially when a voice call is ongoing, are very connection-oriented and
a loss of bearer indication is in fact available.


 
8.5 Accounting Correlation 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol MUST support the exchange of sufficient 
   information to allow for correlation between bearer accounting 
   records and application accounting records. 

# what type of information must be exchanged? 

Might just be the session ID / token I mentioned above.


...


9. Interaction with other AAA Applications 
    
   It is likely that an endpoint attached to a first-hop bearer element 
   was authenticated and authorized for basic, best-effort Internet 
   access prior to requesting any special QoS from the network.  If the 
   subscriber database for basic network access is the same as the one 
   containing a QoS subscription, it may be expeditious to define some 
   interactions between the AAA protocol used for basic access (e.g., 
   NASREQ [10]) and the one outlined here for QoS.  For example, it may 
   be useful to return some QoS-related attributes to the first-hop 
   bearer element at the time the endpoint is granted basic, best-effort 
   access.


# This is an often mentioned example. I am, however, not sure whether it is
# really useful. What it really make sense to send information like 
# 'user x is allowed to request max 5mbits for a duration of 10 min, then only 
# 3 mbits (but only during weekdays)' 
# what type of policies would you send around? 

The example you give actually sounds very similar to the pre-paid accounting
application being developed by 3GPP2!  There is a notion of a "Tariff Switch"
event that would happen at a given time-of-day, and this time is given to
the NAS when the user is authorized.  When the tariff switch occurs, the rating
for the call might change (i.e., 10c/minute before 7pm, 5c/minute after).

Anyway, it doesn't always have to be that complicated.  There might be a simple
profile like "this user is authorized for 2Mbit/sec when connecting via WLAN,
or 100kbit/sec when connecting via cdma2000".


# i often have the impression that this sounds great but has no
# practical value. i have also listed it in the aaa draft but later
# got the impression that this is the difficult to accomplish.

I wouldn't dismiss it so quickly.


# what information is stored in the user profile that could be used
# for this purpose?  is is desired by the user's home network provide
# to distribute this type of information?  this also assumes that the
# user profile is sort-of standardized. this is, however, not the
# case.

Home operators definitely will want to distribute such information.
We can help with the standardization here in the IETF.


...

   Also, it may be useful to allow application servers to push QoS 
   authorization information to a bearer element prior to any explicit 
   request from the endpoint.  This could support application endpoints 
   that do not support an explicit QoS signaling mechanism. In this 
   case, the authorization may be pushed via the home AAA server, which 
   presumably knows to which NAS the endpoint is currently attached.  
   Alternatively, the QoS AAA protocol may define some sort of 
   redirection facility that would allow application servers to send AAA 
   messages directly to selected bearer elements such as a NAS.  

# huch - that is certainly not easy to accomplish. there are a number
# of assumptions in there we need to be clarified.

Yes indeed - but I think it's clear that the Home AAA server that authorizes
basic IP access will have some information that could be made available to
other applications, especially if they are Diameter applications running on
the same server.


...
     
   The application endpoint makes a request for resources from the 
   bearer element.  The video server and the bearer element will verify 
   that the application endpoint has not requested more resources than 
   what were negotiated and for which the application has agreed to be 
   financially responsible.

# this bearer element is somewhat confusing. whatis the relationship between 
# the video server, application end point and bearer element?
# what is the trust relationship between these entities?

Sorry, terminology problem again.  Think of the bearer element as any
NSIS-aware IP router.  It has the same degree of trust as any IP
router between server and application endpoint.  In addition, it may
have a special relationship with the server (possibly via AAA brokers)
so that the server is allowed to authorize QoS sessions, even if the
subscriber's profile on its own wouldn't normally allow it.

...

11. Security Considerations 
    
   The QoS AAA protocol whose requirements are given in this draft 
   assumes that a security relationship exists between the authorizing 
   entity (the home AAA server or application server) and the bearer 
   element (AAA client).

# this is a rather strong assumption. that might not be true in all cases. 

It seems like precisely the relationship that is required: think about
it.  The bearer element is making a decision about whether to admit a
flow.  It consults an authorizing entity.  In order to trust the
result from the authorizing entity, there must be a (possibly
indirect) security relationship in place.


  This relationship implies that the bearer 
   element should grant service based on the say-so of the authorizing 
   entity, presumably because the used resources will be paid for in 
   some later settlement phase.

# payment is provided later only? 
# what about pre-paid cards which require real-time credit control. 

Yes, we should re-word it to allow that.


  The relationship may be direct or it 
   may be indirect via a AAA cloud consisting of brokers and proxies.  
   Each link in this chain of relationships MUST be secured to prevent 
   spoofed authorizations. 

# securing the aaa interaction does not prevent spoofing since the end point is authenticated. 
# is entity authentication between the user and the home network required with every qos reservation request?
# (or is data origin authentication sufficient?)

The security referenced here is between bearer element and authorizing entity,
possibly via AAA proxies.

To answer your question, yes, I think that if any AAA interaction is
done at a given NSIS node, then every QoS reservation should be
independently authenticated.

    
   The authentication outlined in Section 6 MUST be cryptographically 
   strong and protected against replay and other attacks. 
    
   Once QoS resources have been authorized, it may be possible for an 
   unauthorized party to subvert them for its own use.  Steps MUST be 
   taken to bind the authorization to the actual flow of packets using 
   the QoS bearer in the bearer element.

# this can actually only be prevented if the data traffic is cryptographically protected (either link layer or network layer 
# protection). do you mandate this?

No, I would not.  But we can at least make sure that the packets using the
QoS actually match the transport endpoints authorized by an application.


  Actual mechanisms applied to 
   the bearer traffic for this purpose might include, e.g., ingress 
   filtering and/or IPSec, but in general are beyond the scope of a QoS 
   AAA protocol. 
    
# ingress filtering does not prevent all attacks. 

No, but it would make the QoS reservation useless unless the spoofed
traffic was carrying the same source IP address/port.

-Pete


    


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Next Steps in Signaling Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: RSVP Security Properties
	Author(s)	: H. Tschofenig
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nsis-rsvp-sec-properties-02.txt
	Pages		: 43
	Date		: 2003-7-2
	
This document summarizes the security properties of RSVP. The goal of 
this analysis is to benefit from previous work done with RSVP and to 
capture the knowledge about past activities.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-rsvp-sec-properties-02.txt

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This draft is a work item of the Next Steps in Signaling Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Security Threats for NSIS
	Author(s)	: H. Tschofenig, D. Kroeselberg
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nsis-threats-02.txt
	Pages		: 22
	Date		: 2003-7-2
	
This threats document provides a detailed analysis of the security 
threats relevant for the NSIS working group. It motivates and helps 
to understand various security considerations in the NSIS 
Requirements, Framework and Protocol proposals. This document does 
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	Title		: Analysis of Existing Quality of Service Signaling 
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	Author(s)	: J. Manner et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nsis-signalling-analysis-02.txt
	Pages		: 35
	Date		: 2003-7-2
	
This document reviews some of the existing QoS signaling protocols
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	Title		: Next Steps in Signaling: Framework
	Author(s)	: R. Hancock et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nsis-fw-03.txt
	Pages		: 45
	Date		: 2003-7-2
	
The Next Steps in Signaling working group is considering protocols 
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mobility. The different routing and mobility events that impact 
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul  3 06:14:29 2003
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To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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Subject: RE: AW: [NSIS] framework: proposal on congestion/flow control
Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2003 11:13:20 +0100 
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hi henning,

> > in my view, the cost of congestion control is not the per-packet 
> > processing overhead; it's the architectural constraint that (so far
> > as we all can tell, I think) you can't send messages without 
> > knowing what congestion control state to apply, i.e. which 
> peer you are
> > sending to. so, applying congestion control directly to 
> PATH messages 
> > (for example) is liable to be non-trivial. 
> 
> This depends. I just submitted a draft, temporarily at
> http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~hgs/nsis/gimps/draft-schulzrinne-n
> sis-ntlp-00.html
> that tries to find a compromise similar to all existing 
> congestion-controlled transport protocols: the first small message is 
> (congestion-control) free. To be more precise, if you know 
> where you are 
> going, by previous state or some external knowledge (e.g., all your 
> non-local messages go through a border router or you are running a 
> link-state routing protocol that somehow conveys this 
> information or all 
> your routers support NTLP), you use an existing congestion-controlled 
> association. Large messages that could cause congestion 
> themselves are 
> always subject to congestion control.
> 
> After all, TCP SYN and kin aren't congestion controlled, 
> either, except 
> that their loss causes exponential back-off. I think the best we can 
> hope to do is to mimick this behavior in environments where the first 
> message goes off into the blue yonder.

I am familiar with the concepts you describe in that draft ...

It's clear that something can be done. The key point i was trying to make
was that the concept of a 'congestion controlled association' which you
can use because 'you know where you are going' is hard to match with 
the use of PATH-like methods for refresh/route change probing. Some people
think that's a big deal, some don't, but that's the point which needs to
be confronted and resolved (IMHO).

> > [As an aside, we've just finished writing an NSLP 
> definition which optionally
> > sends some messages outside the NTLP like this, to skip 
> processing in network
> > interior nodes - very like rfc3175 in fact. but it's very 
> hard to be convincing
> > that the result is network friendly overall. i'd be much 
> happier with a
> > congestion-controlling NTLP that was able to bypass 
> interior nodes the same
> > way. I suspect that argument is still to come.]
> 
> Nothing prevents 'short-cut' or 'express' NTLP connections, 
> in general. 
> This is just a matter of trivially tuning the discovery mechanism.
> 

Broadly, I agree with you, and I'd be happier with a protocol
that allowed this sort of 'express routing'. How it is done of course
depends on what the rest of the protocol looks like (e.g. does it even
have an identifiable discovery mechanism to be tuned in the first place).

There are two additional points I would emphasise:
a) Sometimes you really want messages to be routed through intermediate
NSIS-aware (but NSLP-unaware) nodes, but processed statelessly (e.g. 
flow-id re-writing in a NAT, or imposing a policy forwarding rule). 
So, it's hard to have the intermediate nodes completely drop out of 
the picture.
b) For scaling/aggregation reasons, you may want to be able to have some
messages bypass a lot of NSIS processing in interior nodes. 3175 grabs a new
protocol number and suggests modifications to the router alert option to
achieve this. We haven't really looked at this up to now.

cheers,

robert h.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul  3 06:16:29 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        Melinda Shore
	 <mshore@cisco.com>
Cc: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>, hgs+nsis@cs.columbia.edu,
        nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Re: [NSIS]: identifiers with global scope
Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2003 11:14:32 +0100 
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hi all,

There appear to be two or three different issues on the table here.

The one identifier that we know needs global scope is the session 
identifier (f/w section 4.6.2). I believe (like Henning) that uniqueness 
problems for these can be solved by providing more bits and using 
good random number generators. (Essentially I believe this for the 
same reason that I believe that cryptographic security is possible
without using one-time pads). That doesn't mean there are no issues
with the session identifier, and Hannes has written a draft recently
specifically about them (they are mainly security related).

However, the session identifier format and generation mechanism shouldn't
have much impact on the NTLP design.

The origin of this particular discussion is a different identifier,
the MESSAGE_ID in the shore draft. I have to confess to being unclear
about the role it is supposed to play, but on the assumption that
the NTLP role is just to deliver messages between adjacent NSIS nodes,
I'd be rather shocked to find
a) global scope was needed, or
b) it was visible outside the NTLP.
The message ID needs to be qualified with some message source identification,
but hopefully this shouldn't be as hard as wanting (a). The main problem would
be NAT traversal (as usual).

There is a more general (and more fundamental) point here: in discussions up
to now we have aimed for both a fairly strict NTLP/NSLP separation, and also
for a fairly strict 'locality' of NTLP operation (i.e. between adjacent peers
only). These are not just theological obsessions, they are the fundamental
mechanisms to enable us to have a protocol suite which can evolve (by adding
new signalling applications, or by improving NTLP performance, or whatever)
without needing coordinated upgrades across the whole Internet.

Remember, the main reason we are doing this work this way at all is that 
RSVP has proven impossible to extend in this way because the layering of it
is not so strict. (And this also implies - at least to me - that directly 
re-using protocol components out of 2961, which is equally un-layered, is
not likely to be the best approach. We have to re-use the ideas, of course.)

If anyone thinks this is all wrong or misguided, they could comment to 
that effect on the relevant sections of the framework draft
(currently -03 version).

see you all in Vienna.

robert h.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 01, 2003 16:07
> To: Melinda Shore
> Cc: Geib, Ruediger; hgs+nsis@cs.columbia.edu; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Re: [NSIS]: identifiers with global scope
> 
> 
> I've talked about that in depth at the interim meeting. This is a 
> well-known problem, also known as the "birthday problem". I 
> picked a 128 
> bit random number as a reasonable compromise where the collision 
> probability is way below the '5 nines' reliability threshold.
> 
> For example, I computed the collision probability (using bc, the 
> extended-precision library on Unix) for the case of d=2^127 and 
> n=10,000, i.e., 10,000 simultaneous sessions in a node, using my 
> suggested identifier length of 128 bits. The collision probability is 
> approximated according to Eq. (5) in 
> http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BirthdayProblem.html as
> 
> .0000000000000000000000000000002938436127
> 
> Thus, this probability is far smaller than, say, the probability of 
> winning the Powerball lottery (which is approximately
> .00000000125). For 32 bits, the collision probability increases to
> .011 (roughly, 1%), which is clearly too large. 64 bits yields 
> .0000000000027102343806669673910162993043, which is also way 
> below any 
> other likely error contribution.
> 
> I think I've gone through the other plausible alternatives 
> for defining 
> identifiers in an earlier message, and they all have fatal flaws in 
> practical networks. (Plausible does not include a central 
> mechanism for 
> doling out numbers....) There is one other reasonable approach that 
> combines a random, locally-unique identifier with a host IP address. 
> This works as long as the host is not on an 
> RFC-1918-addressed device. 
> If we assume that the number of such devices is much smaller than the 
> number of nodes overall, one could pick a combination of a 
> short random 
> identifier with the IP address. This seems dicier to me since 
> there may 
> well be two very large 1918-style networks that have a lot of flows 
> between them.
> 
> Henning
> 
> 
> Melinda Shore wrote:
> 
> >>Practical solutions to the global ID scheme? A 32 bit
> >>number, globally unique. Should there be a fixed "per
> >>operator" code (AS number, country code, IP
> >>address/prefix, other) and a variable one? Only a variable
> >>one? How's the latter organised (I've got no expertise and
> >>the sole statement that 32 bit coding space is sufficient
> >>to avoid collisions doesn't help to much, even if I
> >>believe it). Or did I miss something and the 32 bit number
> >>is valid only in combination with an address or the like?
> > 
> > 
> > A 32-bit number on its own is unfortunately insufficient to
> > provide reasonable protection against collisions on its own.
> > I think there are things we can do with high-resolution
> > timestamps or cryptographically, but we're going to need
> > more bits (potentially a lot more bits).  This is not an
> > uncommon problem and I expect there's been some useful work
> > done already; a literature search is probably a good next
> > step.
> > 
> > I should add that I am not comfortable with a scheme that
> > relies on a central registry.
> > 
> > Melinda
> > 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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To: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
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From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Re: [NSIS]: identifiers with global scope 
In-Reply-To: Message from robert.hancock@roke.co.uk
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MESSAGE_ID is, indeed, hop-by-hop in 2961.  It's used to
support summary refreshes.  I don't see an obvious reason
why we would need an identifier with global scope, which
isn't to say that there's not one lurking out there
somewhere (mobility people might have some thoughts on
that).  In any event it certainly shouldn't be visible
outside the NTLP.

As far as NAT, the issue with source identification isn't
NAT traversal but uniqueness.  

Melinda

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From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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CC: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>,
        "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>,
        hgs+nsis@cs.columbia.edu, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Re: [NSIS]: identifiers with global scope
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Hancock, Robert wrote:

> However, the session identifier format and generation mechanism shouldn't
> have much impact on the NTLP design.

We should agree on a general approach. I don't think having half a dozen 
options in one protocol to choose from adds much value for this element. 
(I'm all for toolbox approaches elsewhere.)

> 
> The origin of this particular discussion is a different identifier,
> the MESSAGE_ID in the shore draft. I have to confess to being unclear
> about the role it is supposed to play, but on the assumption that
> the NTLP role is just to deliver messages between adjacent NSIS nodes,
> I'd be rather shocked to find
> a) global scope was needed, or
> b) it was visible outside the NTLP.
> The message ID needs to be qualified with some message source identification,
> but hopefully this shouldn't be as hard as wanting (a). The main problem would
> be NAT traversal (as usual).

A message identifier would be used (in both drafts) for correlating 
messages in both directions, for example. However, this is much more 
similar to a sequence number, since this is strictly between two nodes. 
I'm unclear why this needs a global uniqueness scope of any sort, 
whether generated randomly or otherwise. This is similar to a 
transport-protocol sequence number, e.g., in TCP or SCTP.

Henning


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Hancock, Robert wrote:


> It's clear that something can be done. The key point i was trying to make
> was that the concept of a 'congestion controlled association' which you
> can use because 'you know where you are going' is hard to match with 
> the use of PATH-like methods for refresh/route change probing. Some people
> think that's a big deal, some don't, but that's the point which needs to
> be confronted and resolved (IMHO).

Fundamentally, if one has no clue where the next hop is, there is no way 
to maintain congestion state, since congestion state is generally tied 
to some sort of association. The only other solution is to have a 
"global" congestion state, i.e., a state that limits the number of 
unacknowledged messages to any destination. If each node is only allowed 
to have one "unknown destination" packet in the ether at any one time, 
congestion is going to be bounded. This is clearly extremely 
conservative and would limit the concurrent number of sessions to a very 
small number, but I think it is provable that given the "know nothing" 
constraint, that's the best you can do for those messages.

In this context, I'd like to add some evidence to my contention that for 
most popular destinations, routing changes are rare, on the order of 
several days between events. See the paper

BGP Routing Stability of Popular Destinations
Jennifer Rexford, Jia Wang, Zhen Xiao, Yin Zhang
ACM SIGCOMM IMW (Internet Measurement Workshop) 2002
http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/rexford02bgp.html

for the details. Thus, there may be better ways to deal with these than 
probing every 30 seconds. I can think of a number of heuristics. I 
suspect that a 30-second probing interval is both too long and too 
short. It's too long if your signaling state is critical to the session 
and too short for efficiency and scaling. For example, for QoS, it might 
be better to use indications of trouble (packet loss) or change (changed 
TTL, for example) to resend the signaling message. If there's a routing 
change with a transient or flapping, it is not clear that any signaling 
protocol can keep up during that period of instability or that this is 
useful. By the time you've gotten AAA permission from the new routers, 
the route has oscillated again...



> 
> Broadly, I agree with you, and I'd be happier with a protocol
> that allowed this sort of 'express routing'. How it is done of course
> depends on what the rest of the protocol looks like (e.g. does it even
> have an identifiable discovery mechanism to be tuned in the first place).

 From what I can tell, it is not too difficult to provide this as an 
option. It does not appear to add any appreciable complexity to NTLP.

> 
> There are two additional points I would emphasise:
> a) Sometimes you really want messages to be routed through intermediate
> NSIS-aware (but NSLP-unaware) nodes, but processed statelessly (e.g. 
> flow-id re-writing in a NAT, or imposing a policy forwarding rule). 
> So, it's hard to have the intermediate nodes completely drop out of 
> the picture.

We clearly want to allow nodes that are 'generally aware', i.e., process 
all messages, but are a no-op at the NSLP level. I used the term 
omnivorous for those at some point :-)

> b) For scaling/aggregation reasons, you may want to be able to have some
> messages bypass a lot of NSIS processing in interior nodes. 3175 grabs a new
> protocol number and suggests modifications to the router alert option to
> achieve this. We haven't really looked at this up to now.

There are probably three levels of ignorance:

(1) bypass at router alert level
(2) see NTLP message, but forward without inspection or modification 
(transparently)
(3) do NSLP-unaware processing (allow modification of NTLP)



> 
> cheers,
> 
> robert h.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul  3 23:26:32 2003
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Date: Thu, 03 Jul 2003 17:48:11 +0200
To: nsis@ietf.org
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Cc: ifreytsis@cetacean.com, robert.hancock@roke.co.uk
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Subject: [NSIS] A benchmarking draft, but signaling terminology
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dear all,

In the Benchmarking Working Group (BMWG) we have produced a draft about 
benchmarking routers supporting resource reservation. Some weeks ago we 
have updated the terminology draft that targets distinguished traffic, QoS 
sessions, resource reservation capable routers, protocols, etc.. We have 
tried to make the draft as much 'NSIS conform' as possible. Luckily, our 
thoughts about resource reservation are really close to yours, so it was 
not a break. Please take a look at on the draft: 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-bmwg-benchres-term-03.txt We 
would appreciate any question or comment!

regards,
Gabor



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Hi all,

Here is my first shot at trying to organize the agenda for IETF 57.  As =
you can tell,
we have a very full agenda.

If I have left anything out or if anyone has general comments on the =
agenda, please let
me know.

Next Steps in Signaling Agenda

MONDAY, July 14, 2003
1530-1730 Afternoon Session I
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D

Agenda bashing & WG Update 15 min
	Milestones
	Charter Update=20
	Requirements Doc update

"NSIS Transport Protocol" - 45 min - Melinda Shore & Henning Schulzrinne
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00.txt
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt


Security, Threats & Authorization issues - 30 minutes - Hannes =
Tschofenig   =20
"RSVP Security Properties" & "NSIS Threats"=20
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-threats-02.txt
	=
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-rsvp-sec-properties-0=
2.txt
	=
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschofenig-nsis-qos-authz-issue=
s-00.txt
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschofenig-nsis-sid-00.txt


"Next Steps in Signaling: Framework" - 15 minutes - Robert Handcock
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-fw-03.txt
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-hancock-nsis-overload-00.txt

"Analysis of Existing Signaling Protocols" - 15 minutes - Jukka Manner
	=
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-signalling-analysis-0=
2.txt


TUESDAY, July 15, 2003
1300-1400 Afternoon Session I
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D

"NSIS QoS Application Protocol" - 20 minutes - TBA
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-buchli-nsis-nslp-00.txt
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp-00.txt
	=
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-westberg-proposal-for-rsvpv2-ns=
lp-00.txt


"NSIS Middle Box Signaling Application Protocol" - 20 minutes - Marcus =
Brunner
	http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-brunner-nsis-midcom-ps-00.txt

Wrapup & Next Steps - 10 minutes - chair


Other relevant documents
------------------------
Requirements for IPv6 Signaling as NTLP
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-choi-ipv6-signaling-req-ntlp-00=
.txt

Mobility Support in NSIS
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.txt

QoS Signaling for IP-based Radio Access Networks
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lee-nsis-signaling-ran-00.txt

RSVP Domain of Interpretation for ISAKMP
http://www.tschofenig.priv.at/drafts/draft-tschofenig-rsvp-doi-00.txt

Signaling for QoS Measurement
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-couturier-nsis-measure-00.txt

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From: "Georgios Karagiannis" <karagian@cs.utwente.nl>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <nsis@ietf.org>
References: <DADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB32063658F072@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com>
Subject: Additional draft for  [NSIS] NSIS agenda at IETF 57
Date: Fri, 4 Jul 2003 17:17:29 +0200
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Hi John

Could you please introduce the following draft into the list
"NSIS Transport Protocol" ?
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-westberg-nsis-rsvp-as-ntlp-01.txt

Best Regards,
Georgios

----- Original Message -----
From: <john.loughney@nokia.com>
To: <nsis@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, July 04, 2003 1:19 PM
Subject: [NSIS] NSIS agenda at IETF 57


> Hi all,
>
> Here is my first shot at trying to organize the agenda for IETF 57.  As
you can tell,
> we have a very full agenda.
>
> If I have left anything out or if anyone has general comments on the
agenda, please let
> me know.
>
> Next Steps in Signaling Agenda
>
> MONDAY, July 14, 2003
> 1530-1730 Afternoon Session I
> =============================
>
> Agenda bashing & WG Update 15 min
> Milestones
> Charter Update
> Requirements Doc update
>
> "NSIS Transport Protocol" - 45 min - Melinda Shore & Henning Schulzrinne
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt
>
>
> Security, Threats & Authorization issues - 30 minutes - Hannes Tschofenig
> "RSVP Security Properties" & "NSIS Threats"
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-threats-02.txt
>
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-rsvp-sec-properties-02.t
xt
>
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschofenig-nsis-qos-authz-issues-0
0.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschofenig-nsis-sid-00.txt
>
>
> "Next Steps in Signaling: Framework" - 15 minutes - Robert Handcock
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-fw-03.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-hancock-nsis-overload-00.txt
>
> "Analysis of Existing Signaling Protocols" - 15 minutes - Jukka Manner
>
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-signalling-analysis-02.t
xt
>
>
> TUESDAY, July 15, 2003
> 1300-1400 Afternoon Session I
> =============================
>
> "NSIS QoS Application Protocol" - 20 minutes - TBA
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-buchli-nsis-nslp-00.txt
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp-00.txt
>
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-westberg-proposal-for-rsvpv2-nslp-
00.txt
>
>
> "NSIS Middle Box Signaling Application Protocol" - 20 minutes - Marcus
Brunner
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-brunner-nsis-midcom-ps-00.txt
>
> Wrapup & Next Steps - 10 minutes - chair
>
>
> Other relevant documents
> ------------------------
> Requirements for IPv6 Signaling as NTLP
>
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-choi-ipv6-signaling-req-ntlp-00.tx
t
>
> Mobility Support in NSIS
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.txt
>
> QoS Signaling for IP-based Radio Access Networks
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lee-nsis-signaling-ran-00.txt
>
> RSVP Domain of Interpretation for ISAKMP
> http://www.tschofenig.priv.at/drafts/draft-tschofenig-rsvp-doi-00.txt
>
> Signaling for QoS Measurement
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-couturier-nsis-measure-00.txt
>
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Jul  6 20:10:34 2003
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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
Date: Sun, 6 Jul 2003 20:09:11 -0400
Organization: Columbia University
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Hi,  

I think having such a draft discussing mobility issues with NSIS is
helpful and inline with the WG charter. I started a similar effort in an
earlier draft last July
http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles/publication/draft-shen-nsis-mobility
-fw-00.txt.  

Fu's draft incorporated some recent issues including NSLP/NTLP
interaction, Discovery, peer-to-peer addressing etc. It would be good to
elaborate those parts when they become clearer in the WG discussion. 

Disscussion of tunneling/non-optimized routing is also useful, but it
would be beneficial to refer to RFC2746 which provides a very good
example of solving tunneling issues in the case of RSVP. 

Some issues may also be grouped together. Basically there are cases of
sender mobility and receiver mobility (The protocol itself could be
either sender initiated or receiver initated). Handoff causes
appropriate signaling actions in three segments of the network: the
intact path, the new path and the obsoleted path. (This applies to both
optimized/non-optimized routing, and possibly involves tunneling.) The
handoff process would further impact subsequent regular soft-state
refresh which has to be considered.

Best regards,

Charles

---
Charles Q. Shen
Department of Electrical Engineering
Columbia University
Email: charles@ee.columbia.edu
Phone: +1 212 853 8475
http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles


-------- Original Message --------
Subject: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 23:43:09 +0200
From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
To: nsis@ietf.org

Hi all,

Here is a new Internet Draft that we propose as a problem statement and
proposed mechanisms to extend NSIS for mobility support:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.txt or
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.pdf

Following previous work (Michael Thomas, Cedric Westphal/Hemant Chaskar,
Charles Shen, and many others), this Draft aims to provide an extensive
view on mobility support related issues that will be of broad general
use.

We welcome your comments. We are also especially interested in other
open issues and studying how they may be addressed by future versions of
the Draft.

Regards,
Xiaoming


_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
nsis@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis


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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'Charles Q. Shen'" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 09:55:47 +0200 
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hi charles,

thanks for pointing to your draft. i haven't actually noticed that you
submitted a draft. i will take a look at it as soon as possible.  

ciao
hannes

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Charles Q. Shen [mailto:charles@ee.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 2:09 AM
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
> 
> 
> Hi,  
> 
> I think having such a draft discussing mobility issues with NSIS is
> helpful and inline with the WG charter. I started a similar 
> effort in an
> earlier draft last July
> http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles/publication/draft-shen-nsi
> s-mobility
> -fw-00.txt.  
> 
> Fu's draft incorporated some recent issues including NSLP/NTLP
> interaction, Discovery, peer-to-peer addressing etc. It would 
> be good to
> elaborate those parts when they become clearer in the WG discussion. 
> 
> Disscussion of tunneling/non-optimized routing is also useful, but it
> would be beneficial to refer to RFC2746 which provides a very good
> example of solving tunneling issues in the case of RSVP. 
> 
> Some issues may also be grouped together. Basically there are cases of
> sender mobility and receiver mobility (The protocol itself could be
> either sender initiated or receiver initated). Handoff causes
> appropriate signaling actions in three segments of the network: the
> intact path, the new path and the obsoleted path. (This 
> applies to both
> optimized/non-optimized routing, and possibly involves tunneling.) The
> handoff process would further impact subsequent regular soft-state
> refresh which has to be considered.
> 
> Best regards,
> 
> Charles
> 
> ---
> Charles Q. Shen
> Department of Electrical Engineering
> Columbia University
> Email: charles@ee.columbia.edu
> Phone: +1 212 853 8475
> http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles
> 
> 
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
> Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 23:43:09 +0200
> From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> Here is a new Internet Draft that we propose as a problem 
> statement and
> proposed mechanisms to extend NSIS for mobility support:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.txt or
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.pdf
> 
> Following previous work (Michael Thomas, Cedric 
> Westphal/Hemant Chaskar,
> Charles Shen, and many others), this Draft aims to provide an 
> extensive
> view on mobility support related issues that will be of broad general
> use.
> 
> We welcome your comments. We are also especially interested in other
> open issues and studying how they may be addressed by future 
> versions of
> the Draft.
> 
> Regards,
> Xiaoming
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

_______________________________________________
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Hi,

Thanks for your insightful comments. My comments inline:

Charles Q. Shen wrote:
> Hi,  
> 
> I think having such a draft discussing mobility issues with NSIS is
> helpful and inline with the WG charter. I started a similar effort in an
> earlier draft last July
> http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles/publication/draft-shen-nsis-mobility-fw-00.txt.  

I read this draft and found it helpful. For example, your draft 
identified the necessity to soft-state refresh even for the _intact 
path_ (I find this term looks more appealing than _common path_ :)) 
before and after a handoff happens. This has also been summarized in 
issue 3 and section 4.1 in our draft.

> 
> Fu's draft incorporated some recent issues including NSLP/NTLP
> interaction, Discovery, peer-to-peer addressing etc. It would be good to
> elaborate those parts when they become clearer in the WG discussion. 

Yes, to my understanding a concrete conclusion has not been drawn so far 
on whether end-to-end or peer-peer addressing will be used in NTLP. 
That's why the draft discusses both peer-peer and e2e addressing issues 
there, in align with framework draft. It is also my belief that with the 
further development of framework/protocol work, discovery and NSLP/NTLP 
issues would be clearer and we'll be able to look into these issues in 
depth.

> 
> Disscussion of tunneling/non-optimized routing is also useful, but it
> would be beneficial to refer to RFC2746 which provides a very good
> example of solving tunneling issues in the case of RSVP. 

You're right! This is related to the addressing mode of NTLP messages. I 
think RFC2746 scheme would probably be most useful for at least e2e 
addressing approaches such as RSVP. For peer-peer addressing, it looks 
to me discovery component would help to identify next peer and IP-in-IP 
tunneled signaling message can be avoided, as long as the MIP tunnel 
endpoints support NTLP.

> 
> Some issues may also be grouped together. Basically there are cases of
> sender mobility and receiver mobility (The protocol itself could be
> either sender initiated or receiver initated). Handoff causes
> appropriate signaling actions in three segments of the network: the
> intact path, the new path and the obsoleted path. (This applies to both
> optimized/non-optimized routing, and possibly involves tunneling.) 

Thanks for your suggestions, such restructuring looks fine to me.

> The handoff process would further impact subsequent regular soft-state
> refresh which has to be considered.
Regarding the two types of soft-state timers: the mobility management 
timer (let's assume "only" one mobility management, or minimal value of 
timers of all mobility management schemes) and the NSIS timer (let's 
assume NTLP would do some basic state management), there are a few open 
issues (have not explored in our draft yet):

- Shall we use a smaller value for NSIS timer than mobility management 
timer? my conjecture would be "yes", to ensure NSIS signaling actually 
reflect mobility signaling.

- How can we know this comparision at all? This could be through an API, 
or, say, a mobility routing interface issue. If this knowledge is 
unaware to NSIS at all, a simplest way presumably can be NSIS signlaing 
directly after each moibility management.

Cheers,
Xiaoming

> Best regards,
> 
> Charles
> 
> ---
> Charles Q. Shen
> Department of Electrical Engineering
> Columbia University
> Email: charles@ee.columbia.edu
> Phone: +1 212 853 8475
> http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles
> 
> 
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
> Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 23:43:09 +0200
> From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> Here is a new Internet Draft that we propose as a problem statement and
> proposed mechanisms to extend NSIS for mobility support:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.txt or
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.pdf
> 
> Following previous work (Michael Thomas, Cedric Westphal/Hemant Chaskar,
> Charles Shen, and many others), this Draft aims to provide an extensive
> view on mobility support related issues that will be of broad general
> use.
> 
> We welcome your comments. We are also especially interested in other
> open issues and studying how they may be addressed by future versions of
> the Draft.
> 
> Regards,
> Xiaoming
> 
> 


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Subject: [NSIS] Review of "Analysis of Existing Signaling Protocols"
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Hi all,

In preparing for IETF 57, I am trying to make a quick review of many of =
the
documents under discussion.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-signalling-analysis-0=
2.txt

Overall, I think that this document is looking quite good.  I am happy =
with
the overall tone & structure of the document.  I think there are still =
some
places for improvement, I hope that we can have some discussion of this =
document
and then a revision before we start the WG last call on it.

Minor nits:

End of Section 3.1:

Text:

   In summary, in trying to introduce reliability in RSVP, we are
   getting closer to reinvent TCP. Furthermore, if head of line blocking
   is likely to occur, SCTP can be used. Certainly, if TCP, SCTP or
   similar protocols is the transport protocol for RSVP, the message
   reliability would not have been an issue.

should be:
   a similar protocol is the transport protocol for RSVP, the message
   ^                 ^
   reliability would not have been an issue.

Section 3.2:

Text:
   According to RSVP [RFC2205], each RSVP message can only contain
   information for one session. In a network that has a reasonably large
   number of RSVP sessions, this constraint imposes a heavy processing
   burden on the routers. Many router OS is based on UNIX. [IP-OPT]

should be:
   According to RSVP [RFC2205], each RSVP message can only contain
   information for one session. In a network that has a reasonably large
   number of RSVP sessions, this constraint imposes a heavy processing
   burden on the routers. Many router OSes are based on UNIX. [IP-OPT]
                                        ^^ ^^^=20
More stubstantial comments.

Section 3.5

I don't completely disagree with the text here, but I don't agree with =
it completely
either.  I don't think the authors have proven that:


   If a new transport protocol is needed, the protocol must be able to
   handle the following:
   - reliable messaging;

   - message packing;

   - the MTU problem;

   - small triggered message volume. =20

I think that the authors should not make such bold statements unless =
they provide
more text to back-up their claims.  I think it would be more reasonable =
to say that
if reliability, fragmentation, etc. are determined to be problems for =
NSIS, then
they should be solved using known techniques.  Further, I would strike =
the final
paragraph completely, unless there was some documentation to back-up the =
claims.

Section 6.2.1 says:

   It was proven that YESSIR one-pass reservation model has better
   performance and lower processing cost, comparing with a regular two-
   way signaling protocol, such as RSVP.

A reference to where this was proven would be needed.

7.  Summary needs improvements.  Also, this is where any conclusions =
drawn in
the document should be placed.

8.  Security Considerations needs improvement.  Perhaps Hannes could =
provide
a paragraph or two summarizing some of the conclusions from the RSVP =
Security
Properties & Threats documents.

References need to be split - I could provide the authors some clues =
off-list=20
on how to do this.

Finally, I think the appendix is not needed, I suggest it be deleted.

thanks,
John

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Hi all,

In preparing for IETF 57, I am trying to make a quick review of many of =
the
documents under discussion.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-threats-02.txt


Overall, I think this document is quite good & quite ready for WG Last =
Call.
If noone opposes, I would like to start WG last call on this document
starting Wednesday July 9th and run it for 3 weeks until July 23rd.

I am restricting my comments to some more general comments right now.

1) Abstract needs improvement.

Text is:
        =20
        This threats document provides a detailed analysis of the =
security=20
        threats relevant for the NSIS working group. It motivates and =
helps=20
        to understand various security considerations in the NSIS=20
        Requirements, Framework and Protocol proposals. This document =
does=20
        not describe vulnerabilities of specific NSIS protocols.=20

Suggested change (feel free to modify accordingly):
        =20
        This document provides a detailed analysis of the relevant =
security=20
        threats for the NSIS working group. It provides motivatation =
behind=20
	  the various security considerations in the NSIS Requirements and =
Framework=20
	  documents. This document is not meant to describe potential =
vulnerabilities=20
	  of specific NSIS protocols, but provide input into protocol design to
	  ensure security considerations are well thought out prior to design

2) Section 1

There probably is not a need to diagram the different NSIS documents, a =
bulleted
list might be enough.

3) Terminology shouldn't be a seperate section, perhaps a sub-section.  =
Are you
sure there is no security-specific terminology that should be added =
here? IKE,
S/MIME, IPsec, SA probably should be expanded.

4) General comment: blank lines between paragraphs are missing in many =
places.

5) A summary might be a nice touch at the end.

thanks,
John

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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Tschofenig Hannes'" <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 15:49:48 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com] 
> Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 3:56 AM
> To: 'Charles Q. Shen'; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
> 
> hi charles,
> 
> thanks for pointing to your draft. i haven't actually noticed 
> that you submitted a draft. i will take a look at it as soon 
> as possible.  
> 
> ciao
> hannes
> 

Thank you Hannes. 

That draft is also an attempt to generalize the topic from RSVP-Mobility
to NSIS Mobility. The experience from a working RSVP-MIP test-bed should
be helpful when looking into NSIS-mobility. (Drafts and these related to
our RSVP-MIP work are available through my homepage.). It is now also
important to reflect the most current WG progress in such a document. 

Best regards
Charles
---
Charles Q. Shen	http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles


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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 15:53:48 -0400
Organization: Columbia University
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Hi Xiaoming, 

Thanks for your reply. Please find comments inline.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Xiaoming Fu
> Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 4:22 AM
> To: Charles Q. Shen; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
> 
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Thanks for your insightful comments. My comments inline:

Thanks :-)

> 
> Charles Q. Shen wrote:
> > Hi,  
> > 
> > I think having such a draft discussing mobility issues with NSIS is
> > helpful and inline with the WG charter. I started a similar 
> effort in an
> > earlier draft last July
> > 
>
http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles/publication/draft-shen-nsis-mobility
-fw-00.txt.  
> 
> I read this draft and found it helpful. For example, your draft 
> identified the necessity to soft-state refresh even for the _intact 
> path_ (I find this term looks more appealing than _common path_ :)) 
> before and after a handoff happens. This has also been summarized in 
> issue 3 and section 4.1 in our draft.
> 

Yes, I think it is very appropriate to include this issue into the
draft. When we did our RSVP-Mobile IP implementation we found it
actually causes many complexities as detailed in our implementation
draft. 
http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles/publication/draft-shen-nsis-rsvp-mob
ileipv6-00.txt

As to the terminotlogy, we can always think about better ones :)

> > 
> > Fu's draft incorporated some recent issues including NSLP/NTLP
> > interaction, Discovery, peer-to-peer addressing etc. It 
> would be good to
> > elaborate those parts when they become clearer in the WG 
> discussion. 
> 
> Yes, to my understanding a concrete conclusion has not been 
> drawn so far 
> on whether end-to-end or peer-peer addressing will be used in NTLP. 
> That's why the draft discusses both peer-peer and e2e 
> addressing issues 
> there, in align with framework draft. It is also my belief 
> that with the 
> further development of framework/protocol work, discovery and 
> NSLP/NTLP 
> issues would be clearer and we'll be able to look into these 
> issues in 
> depth.
> 

That would be very helpful because those aspects differentiate the
protocol from original RSVP and require new efforts that are different
from existing work on RSVP mobility.

> > 
> > Disscussion of tunneling/non-optimized routing is also 
> useful, but it
> > would be beneficial to refer to RFC2746 which provides a very good
> > example of solving tunneling issues in the case of RSVP. 
> 
> You're right! This is related to the addressing mode of NTLP 
> messages. I 
> think RFC2746 scheme would probably be most useful for at least e2e 
> addressing approaches such as RSVP. For peer-peer addressing, 
> it looks 
> to me discovery component would help to identify next peer 
> and IP-in-IP 
> tunneled signaling message can be avoided, as long as the MIP tunnel 
> endpoints support NTLP.
> 

Yes, you are right, the two addressing modes should be treated
differently on this issue.

1) in e2e mode like RSVP, RFC 2746 describes three possibilities of the
(logical) link. That seems to me is a more generic description. You are
certainly correct in pointing out the requirement for the two tunnel end
points to be NSIS aware to achieve a true e2e signaling.

2) in p2p mode, if the discovery is done properly with the help of NSIS
aware tunnel endpoints, you are probably right that such tunneling could
be avoided. (Do we have the path-coupled assumption here? )

> > 
> > Some issues may also be grouped together. Basically there 
> are cases of
> > sender mobility and receiver mobility (The protocol itself could be
> > either sender initiated or receiver initated). Handoff causes
> > appropriate signaling actions in three segments of the network: the
> > intact path, the new path and the obsoleted path. (This 
> applies to both
> > optimized/non-optimized routing, and possibly involves tunneling.) 
> 
> Thanks for your suggestions, such restructuring looks fine to me.

Thanks.

> 
> > The handoff process would further impact subsequent regular 
> soft-s  tate
> > refresh which has to be considered.
> Regarding the two types of soft-state timers: the mobility management 
> timer (let's assume "only" one mobility management, or 
> minimal value of 
> timers of all mobility management schemes) and the NSIS timer (let's 
> assume NTLP would do some basic state management), there are 
> a few open 
> issues (have not explored in our draft yet):
> 
> - Shall we use a smaller value for NSIS timer than mobility 
> management 
> timer? my conjecture would be "yes", to ensure NSIS signaling 
> actually 
> reflect mobility signaling.
> 
> - How can we know this comparision at all? This could be 
> through an API, 
> or, say, a mobility routing interface issue. If this knowledge is 
> unaware to NSIS at all, a simplest way presumably can be NSIS 
> signlaing 
> directly after each moibility management.

I think there is always a trade-off here in terms of signaling overheads
and promptness of response. Upon handoff, trying to achieve an
"on-demand" adjustment (i.e., movement triggers both MIP and NSIS) is
probably appropriate. During normal refresh, I agree that generally the
NSIS timer should not be larger than the mobility timer. After all, why
should the specific NSIS signaling (e.g. QoS) be still there if the
mobility entry has expired? Of course there might be more details to
look at. 


Cheers

Charles

> 
> Cheers,
> Xiaoming
> 
> > Best regards,
> > 
> > Charles
> > 
> > ---
> > Charles Q. Shen
> > Department of Electrical Engineering
> > Columbia University
> > Email: charles@ee.columbia.edu
> > Phone: +1 212 853 8475
> > http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~charles
> > 
> > 
> > -------- Original Message --------
> > Subject: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
> > Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 23:43:09 +0200
> > From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
> > To: nsis@ietf.org
> > 
> > Hi all,
> > 
> > Here is a new Internet Draft that we propose as a problem 
> statement and
> > proposed mechanisms to extend NSIS for mobility support:
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.txt or
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.pdf
> > 
> > Following previous work (Michael Thomas, Cedric 
> Westphal/Hemant Chaskar,
> > Charles Shen, and many others), this Draft aims to provide 
> an extensive
> > view on mobility support related issues that will be of 
> broad general
> > use.
> > 
> > We welcome your comments. We are also especially interested in other
> > open issues and studying how they may be addressed by 
> future versions of
> > the Draft.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Xiaoming
> > 
> > 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 


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From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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Charles,

Additional comments inline:

> Yes, you are right, the two addressing modes should be treated
> differently on this issue.
> 
> 1) in e2e mode like RSVP, RFC 2746 describes three possibilities of the
> (logical) link. That seems to me is a more generic description. You are
> certainly correct in pointing out the requirement for the two tunnel end
> points to be NSIS aware to achieve a true e2e signaling.
> 
> 2) in p2p mode, if the discovery is done properly with the help of NSIS
> aware tunnel endpoints, you are probably right that such tunneling could
> be avoided. (Do we have the path-coupled assumption here? )

True. RSVP signaling uses RSVP-in-RSVP encapsulation to support IP-in-IP 
tunnels in the data path. In the p2p mode, due to the seperation of 
discovery from signaling, an NTLP hop (either in the (MIP) tunnel 
entrance or inside the tunnel) can discover the next NTLP hop along the 
path anyway, thus avoiding NTLP-in-NTLP.

With p2p mode, signaling can be extended to be somehow path-decoupled, 
but we may look at path-coupled first only.

> 
>>- How can we know this comparision at all? This could be 
>>through an API, 
>>or, say, a mobility routing interface issue. If this knowledge is 
>>unaware to NSIS at all, a simplest way presumably can be NSIS signlaing 
>>directly after each moibility management.
> 
> I think there is always a trade-off here in terms of signaling overheads
> and promptness of response. Upon handoff, trying to achieve an
> "on-demand" adjustment (i.e., movement triggers both MIP and NSIS) is
                                -------->"route change"? (the node can
                                         be mobile host, home agent,...)
> probably appropriate. 

This is another possibility one can do. IMO NSIS signaling after MIP 
signaling might be less complex, as it can happen MIP fails but NSIS 
succeeds if a handoff triggers both (then you need additional signaling 
to release NSIS states). Since the places where a route change takes 
place after a handoff differ, we have to coordinate these events (see 
some discussions in our I-D).

Cheers,
Xiaoming


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Hi all,

I'm doing a quick review on documents to be discussed at IETF 57.

As this document is quite preliminary, I don't intend to give a detailed =

review, but an initial overview of the document.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt

1) Terminology=20

This section needs to be expanded, with definitions provided.

2) Introduction

The introduction is well written, sets out the proposal for the draft =
and
seems to provide the correct intro for the document.

3) NTLP Messages
4) Sending NTLP Messages

I'm combining these sections all together.  In general, I would have =
liked to
see a (somewhat) simplified overview of the protocol upfront, so I could
get the overall picture of the protocol in my mind before seeing the =
bits
& bytes. I do like the TLV structure & generally have no major =
complaints
about the initial message & parameter formats.

5) Messaging and State Maintenance

This section does capture state reduction well, however the text is =
somewhat
dense and complicated.  I do think that a slightly slimmed down version=20
of this removing things like exponential back-off procedures, etc. could =
have
been better for a version 00 draft.  I worry that the overall protocol =
workings
will become more complicated over time - which is usual for most IETF =
protocols,
so a simple proposal at first might be needed.

SUMMARY

The draft has a number of good things going for it, some of the details=20
are quite useful - however, a good editing with a view towards=20
simplifying the protocol would be benefitial.

thanks,
John

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Hi all,

I'm doing a quick review on documents to be discussed at IETF 57.

As this document is quite preliminary, I don't intend to give a detailed =

review, but an initial overview of the document.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00.txt

1) Terminology=20

This section needs to be expanded, with definitions provided.

2) Introduction

Needs some improvement - the introduction feels like it makes a jump=20
straight into the details, where I feel that some more introductory
material would be useful.

3) Objectives

I would quibble with this objective:

   1.  Discover the set of nodes along the path from the data sender to
       the receiver (peer discovery);

I've always thought that discovery comes as part of signaling along
the data path.  I think it is more proper to consider something
along the lines of determining the concerned nodes along the path,
rather than full-fledged discovery.

4) Overview of Operations

In generally, I think that this style of this section is effective in
providing an overview of the protocol.  However, after I reading this
section, I have worries about the amount of state needed - I feel
that the devil may be in the details here - which, of course, are
left for future versions of this document.

5) Transport Usage

This section is quite short, but after reading it, I started to think =
that
what we may want is to support datagram mode as the default and =
connection
mode multiplexing traffic, etc.  This is a very vague thought - but I =
wonder
if this is what you were getting at in the document, Henning.

6) Message Format=20

Not much comment yet, probably would like to see a future update with =
some
of this fleshed out.

7) Security Considerations

Not much comment, but I am glad to see a more than perfucntory security=20
considerations section

SUMMARY

The document is readable and does have a somewhat straight-forwardness =
to
it, which is a good thing in my opinion.  I worry about some of the
state management, which has been a problem with RSVP, so I think
this is one area that requires a bit of work.

thanks,
John  =20

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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 14:31:13 +0200 
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Hi John,

is it correct to draw the conclusion that you don't feel Melinda's=20
draft to be a bit short on security? The security section=20
currently reads:
we need to determine exactly what we're protecting and why.

Regards, R=FCdiger


|Hi all,
|
|I'm doing a quick review on documents to be discussed at IETF 57.
|
|As this document is quite preliminary, I don't intend to give=20
|a detailed review, but an initial overview of the document.
|
|http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt

[snip]

|SUMMARY
|
|The draft has a number of good things going for it, some of=20
|the details are quite useful - however, a good editing with
|a view towards simplifying the protocol would be benefitial.

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Hi R=FCdiger,

> is it correct to draw the conclusion that you don't feel Melinda's=20
> draft to be a bit short on security? The security section currently =
reads:
> we need to determine exactly what we're protecting and why.

It is short on security, and would definately need something more =
significant
in this section.

John


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To: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
cc: john.loughney@nokia.com, nsis@ietf.org
From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt 
In-Reply-To: Message from Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com
   of "Tue, 08 Jul 2003 14:31:13 +0200." <9F8582E37B2EE5498E76392AEDDCD3FE03DBB52D@G8PQD.blf01.telekom.de> 
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I think it's fair to say that Melinda's draft is quite short
on security.  It seems to me that the security situation
around the layer split is generally not that well-understood
and needs further discussion - I'm not sure that it's
meaningful to go through the list of security facets
(privacy, integrity protection, etc.) and say "we need this,
this, and this" at this point because we're not as clear as
we need to be, I think, about what the issues are at the
NTLP layer.  Some are probably obvious (replay protection)
but some are not, and there are some very difficult issues
around both keying and authorization.  There are some
efforts elsewhere within the IETF that may or may not have
some relevance (soBGP, for example).  I'd actually like to
see a separate security design team for the NTLP.

Melinda

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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: mshore@cisco.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt 
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 15:46:12 +0200 
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Melinda

[snip]
|Some are probably obvious (replay protection)
|but some are not, and there are some very difficult issues
|around both keying and authorization. 

When signaling crosses domain borders (lightweight) message 
integrity and authentication are required. Bogus messages 
should be identified and deleted at the lowest possible 
layer (NTLP is better than NSLP, but if feasible the 
transport below NTLP was better than NTLP).

|There are some efforts elsewhere within the IETF 
|that may or may not have some relevance (soBGP, for 
|example). 

Yes, its a good idea to check their security 
requirements and solutions. 

|I'd actually like to see a separate security design 
|team for the NTLP.

Reaching consensus on the way we'd like to proceed with 
NTLP security design certainly is helpful. 

Regards, Rudiger

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To: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
Cc: mshore@cisco.com, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt 
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Geib, Ruediger writes:
 > Melinda
 > 
 > [snip]
 > |Some are probably obvious (replay protection)
 > |but some are not, and there are some very difficult issues
 > |around both keying and authorization. 
 > 
 > When signaling crosses domain borders (lightweight) message 
 > integrity and authentication are required. Bogus messages 
 > should be identified and deleted at the lowest possible 
 > layer (NTLP is better than NSLP, but if feasible the 
 > transport below NTLP was better than NTLP).

I don't see why this is a priori true. In general,
you gain the most flexibility by moving
functionality up the stack. The tradeoff is the
potential for lack of uniformity, and the
corresponding possibility for breaches due to, oh
say, insufficient review.

Right now the two things that most resemble NSIS
are RSVP and SIP to my mind. BGP has some of the
same problems as Melinda points out, but I'm not
as well clued in there. RSVP has elected to keep
all of it at application layer, and SIP has
elected to use lower level security for hop-by-hop
and application layer for hop-spanning needs. The
biggest win with the SIP approach, IMO, is that
you inherit key management which has been well
vetted. This is something that the RSVP integrity
object lacks, and would require further
standardization to make it useful. Which isn't to
say that it's appropriate for NSIS because though
similar to SIP, it is not the same (cf
discovery...). Also: as with SIP, lower layer
security protocols are not ideal either. TLS
doesn't run over UDP, and IPsec has trouble with
cross-layer binding of auth to authz. TLS also
suffers from fairly trivial DoS attacks if you can
see the traffic flowing by (otherwise it's
O(guess-large-number)).

So I guess I don't see this as really clear. With
MIPv6 I made the argument for IPsec for binding
updates primarily because of the keying problem.
RSVP/NSIS do not have the same security
considerations though and it's not even clear
whether hop-by-hop integrity is even all that
useful since we have the alternate means of
auth/authz through policy objects and/or COPS. To
my knowledge neither policy or integrity are
widely implemented or used, but the one thing to
be said about the policy objects is that the COPS
model is extremely analogous to AAA which is
pervasive. And that model does not require or care
about hop-by-hop integrity. Which isn't to say
that that's an arguably bad thing, just that it is
in fact reality. Given this, it may well be that
NSIS is exactly *inverted* from the SIP mechanism.
That is, SIP's primarly line of auth/authz defense
is made at the hop-by-hop transport level. NSIS --
like AAA -- may well be at the non-adjacent
application layer, which should inform how much
effort we should expend on each; a simple
necessary and sufficient at hop-by-hop may
actually be the right answer ala RSVP.

	    Mike

_______________________________________________
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Date: Tue, 08 Jul 2003 13:46:09 -0400
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Organization: Columbia University
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I think we should be somewhat careful in extrapolating from one 
application, QoS, to all of NTLP. It may well be possible to do this, 
but I could imagine that other near or long-term NSIS applications, such 
as network diagnostics or active code deposits, fall somewhere else on 
the transport-vs-application security axis. For example, it might be 
considered undesirable if random parties can easily spoof diagnostic 
information along a path.

Also, unlike RSVP, the separation into two layers opens up additional 
DOS attacks, such as establishing lots of state on NSIS nodes. (Nodes 
sometimes have to establish state even if they do not understand the 
NSLP layer, or so has been argued.)
Michael Thomas wrote:

> Geib, Ruediger writes:
>  > Melinda
>  > 
>  > [snip]
>  > |Some are probably obvious (replay protection)
>  > |but some are not, and there are some very difficult issues
>  > |around both keying and authorization. 
>  > 
>  > When signaling crosses domain borders (lightweight) message 
>  > integrity and authentication are required. Bogus messages 
>  > should be identified and deleted at the lowest possible 
>  > layer (NTLP is better than NSLP, but if feasible the 
>  > transport below NTLP was better than NTLP).
> 
> I don't see why this is a priori true. In general,
> you gain the most flexibility by moving
> functionality up the stack. The tradeoff is the
> potential for lack of uniformity, and the
> corresponding possibility for breaches due to, oh
> say, insufficient review.
> 
> Right now the two things that most resemble NSIS
> are RSVP and SIP to my mind. BGP has some of the
> same problems as Melinda points out, but I'm not
> as well clued in there. RSVP has elected to keep
> all of it at application layer, and SIP has
> elected to use lower level security for hop-by-hop
> and application layer for hop-spanning needs. The
> biggest win with the SIP approach, IMO, is that
> you inherit key management which has been well
> vetted. This is something that the RSVP integrity
> object lacks, and would require further
> standardization to make it useful. Which isn't to
> say that it's appropriate for NSIS because though
> similar to SIP, it is not the same (cf
> discovery...). Also: as with SIP, lower layer
> security protocols are not ideal either. TLS
> doesn't run over UDP, and IPsec has trouble with
> cross-layer binding of auth to authz. TLS also
> suffers from fairly trivial DoS attacks if you can
> see the traffic flowing by (otherwise it's
> O(guess-large-number)).
> 
> So I guess I don't see this as really clear. With
> MIPv6 I made the argument for IPsec for binding
> updates primarily because of the keying problem.
> RSVP/NSIS do not have the same security
> considerations though and it's not even clear
> whether hop-by-hop integrity is even all that
> useful since we have the alternate means of
> auth/authz through policy objects and/or COPS. To
> my knowledge neither policy or integrity are
> widely implemented or used, but the one thing to
> be said about the policy objects is that the COPS
> model is extremely analogous to AAA which is
> pervasive. And that model does not require or care
> about hop-by-hop integrity. Which isn't to say
> that that's an arguably bad thing, just that it is
> in fact reality. Given this, it may well be that
> NSIS is exactly *inverted* from the SIP mechanism.
> That is, SIP's primarly line of auth/authz defense
> is made at the hop-by-hop transport level. NSIS --
> like AAA -- may well be at the non-adjacent
> application layer, which should inform how much
> effort we should expend on each; a simple
> necessary and sufficient at hop-by-hop may
> actually be the right answer ala RSVP.
> 
> 	    Mike
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



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Date: Tue, 08 Jul 2003 14:16:28 -0400
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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Some remarks.

john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> 3) Objectives
> 
> I would quibble with this objective:
> 
>    1.  Discover the set of nodes along the path from the data sender to
>        the receiver (peer discovery);
> 
> I've always thought that discovery comes as part of signaling along
> the data path.  I think it is more proper to consider something
> along the lines of determining the concerned nodes along the path,
> rather than full-fledged discovery.

This is probably more a difference in terminology than objective. It is 
probably both determining the nodes by sending packets towards the 
destination and, indirectly, discovering what they are (by any messages 
that tell a previous hop what the next hop is).

One more general point is that I'd like to logically keep these separate 
as there is no technical necessity that discovery/next-hop-determination 
is only done by sending packets. It currently is, but as discussed 
during the 'reroute' discussion, under some circumstances it may be more 
expedient to consult the source of routing behavior rather than poll for 
it.


> In generally, I think that this style of this section is effective in
> providing an overview of the protocol.  However, after I reading this
> section, I have worries about the amount of state needed - I feel
> that the devil may be in the details here - which, of course, are
> left for future versions of this document.

 From our implementation, the amount of state is not terribly large and 
no larger than (and likely smaller than) RSVP. There is per-session 
state such as the next and previous hop address and a last-message 
timer, as well as housekeeping information. The additional transport 
state is per-peer, not per-session. The number of peers is likely to be 
much smaller than the number of sessions, or at least bounded by a 
constant (depending on state management policies).

Clearly, this needs to be spelled out in more detail.

> 
> 5) Transport Usage
> 
> This section is quite short, but after reading it, I started to think that
> what we may want is to support datagram mode as the default and connection
> mode multiplexing traffic, etc.  This is a very vague thought - but I wonder
> if this is what you were getting at in the document, Henning.

Yes, roughly. To put the motivation very sloppily: have NTLP handle the 
easy transport, punt to a professional transport protocol for the hard 
cases. Easy = short messages sent infrequently to new destinations with 
relaxed reliability, so that fragmentation, RTT estimation, 
less-than-N-RTT loss detection, flow control and congestion control are 
largely somebody else's problem.

> 
> 6) Message Format 
> 
> Not much comment yet, probably would like to see a future update with some
> of this fleshed out.

Definitely. My current preference is RSVP TLV-like. Although we haven't 
talked about this much, judging from other contributions to this 
discussion, this may be the first IETF working group where the bit 
format is not a major bone of contention :-)

> it, which is a good thing in my opinion.  I worry about some of the
> state management, which has been a problem with RSVP, so I think

More details are needed, but the outline is that if there is transport 
state at all (many sessions won't need it), it needs to be subject to 
the same soft-state mechanisms as other NTLP state, but implementations 
should be free to trade the cost of establishing new state vs. the cost 
of maintaining state by hanging onto transport state if both ends agree.

Thanks for your comments.

Henning




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At first I thought there was merit to the
"QoS-specific" rap, but as I re-read it, I'm not
sure that what I wrote is especially related to
QoS. It's always true that there may be situations
where you want confidentiality, key mgmt, etc in
hop-by-hop, but it's really more of a question of
prioritization and effort. That is, how worth is
it to get this more "correct" for NSIS than it is
for RSVP? SIP had pretty good motivation, not the
least of which was the possiblity of transporting
SRTP keys, but the UA/proxy architecture as the
norm makes a pretty compelling argument as well.

The question, really, is whether NSIS applications
are more SIP-like or AAA-like in their
authorization and delegation. I'm not a huge AAA
fan, but I think it's unarguably the case that
people like that model, and there's tons of
deployment. Indeed, there's been plenty of noise
even in SIP land to integrate with legacy AAA too.
I tend to think that that lure will persist if not
strengthen with NSIS, especially as policy becomes
more complicated.

So if I had to choose whether to put a bunch of
effort making hop-by-hop auth/conf/authz better or
hop-to-decision-maker architectures better, I'd
choose the later. Maybe we have to do both, but I
for one am not eager reopen the same debate with
NSIS as was, IMO, unsatisfactorily resolved in
SIP. There seems like there are better things to
worry about.

		Mike

Henning Schulzrinne writes:
 > I think we should be somewhat careful in extrapolating from one 
 > application, QoS, to all of NTLP. It may well be possible to do this, 
 > but I could imagine that other near or long-term NSIS applications, such 
 > as network diagnostics or active code deposits, fall somewhere else on 
 > the transport-vs-application security axis. For example, it might be 
 > considered undesirable if random parties can easily spoof diagnostic 
 > information along a path.
 > 
 > Also, unlike RSVP, the separation into two layers opens up additional 
 > DOS attacks, such as establishing lots of state on NSIS nodes. (Nodes 
 > sometimes have to establish state even if they do not understand the 
 > NSLP layer, or so has been argued.)
 > Michael Thomas wrote:
 > 
 > > Geib, Ruediger writes:
 > >  > Melinda
 > >  > 
 > >  > [snip]
 > >  > |Some are probably obvious (replay protection)
 > >  > |but some are not, and there are some very difficult issues
 > >  > |around both keying and authorization. 
 > >  > 
 > >  > When signaling crosses domain borders (lightweight) message 
 > >  > integrity and authentication are required. Bogus messages 
 > >  > should be identified and deleted at the lowest possible 
 > >  > layer (NTLP is better than NSLP, but if feasible the 
 > >  > transport below NTLP was better than NTLP).
 > > 
 > > I don't see why this is a priori true. In general,
 > > you gain the most flexibility by moving
 > > functionality up the stack. The tradeoff is the
 > > potential for lack of uniformity, and the
 > > corresponding possibility for breaches due to, oh
 > > say, insufficient review.
 > > 
 > > Right now the two things that most resemble NSIS
 > > are RSVP and SIP to my mind. BGP has some of the
 > > same problems as Melinda points out, but I'm not
 > > as well clued in there. RSVP has elected to keep
 > > all of it at application layer, and SIP has
 > > elected to use lower level security for hop-by-hop
 > > and application layer for hop-spanning needs. The
 > > biggest win with the SIP approach, IMO, is that
 > > you inherit key management which has been well
 > > vetted. This is something that the RSVP integrity
 > > object lacks, and would require further
 > > standardization to make it useful. Which isn't to
 > > say that it's appropriate for NSIS because though
 > > similar to SIP, it is not the same (cf
 > > discovery...). Also: as with SIP, lower layer
 > > security protocols are not ideal either. TLS
 > > doesn't run over UDP, and IPsec has trouble with
 > > cross-layer binding of auth to authz. TLS also
 > > suffers from fairly trivial DoS attacks if you can
 > > see the traffic flowing by (otherwise it's
 > > O(guess-large-number)).
 > > 
 > > So I guess I don't see this as really clear. With
 > > MIPv6 I made the argument for IPsec for binding
 > > updates primarily because of the keying problem.
 > > RSVP/NSIS do not have the same security
 > > considerations though and it's not even clear
 > > whether hop-by-hop integrity is even all that
 > > useful since we have the alternate means of
 > > auth/authz through policy objects and/or COPS. To
 > > my knowledge neither policy or integrity are
 > > widely implemented or used, but the one thing to
 > > be said about the policy objects is that the COPS
 > > model is extremely analogous to AAA which is
 > > pervasive. And that model does not require or care
 > > about hop-by-hop integrity. Which isn't to say
 > > that that's an arguably bad thing, just that it is
 > > in fact reality. Given this, it may well be that
 > > NSIS is exactly *inverted* from the SIP mechanism.
 > > That is, SIP's primarly line of auth/authz defense
 > > is made at the hop-by-hop transport level. NSIS --
 > > like AAA -- may well be at the non-adjacent
 > > application layer, which should inform how much
 > > effort we should expend on each; a simple
 > > necessary and sufficient at hop-by-hop may
 > > actually be the right answer ala RSVP.
 > > 
 > > 	    Mike
 > > 
 > > _______________________________________________
 > > nsis mailing list
 > > nsis@ietf.org
 > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
 > 

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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 01:33:59 -0400
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Xiaoming, a few comments inline.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de] 
> Sent: Tuesday, July 08, 2003 6:22 AM
> To: Charles Q. Shen; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
> 
> True. RSVP signaling uses RSVP-in-RSVP encapsulation to 
> support IP-in-IP 
> tunnels in the data path. In the p2p mode, due to the seperation of 
> discovery from signaling, an NTLP hop (either in the (MIP) tunnel 
> entrance or inside the tunnel) can discover the next NTLP hop 
> along the 
> path anyway, thus avoiding NTLP-in-NTLP.
> 
> With p2p mode, signaling can be extended to be somehow 
> path-decoupled, 
> but we may look at path-coupled first only.
> 

I think the path-decoupled case is different in that signaling message
itself may not care about optimized/non-optimized path, but the related
actions (e.g. QoS allocation) performed will still involve the routing
path used. I agree that we may look at path-coupled case only at this
time.

> > 
> >>- How can we know this comparision at all? This could be
> >>through an API, 
> >>or, say, a mobility routing interface issue. If this knowledge is 
> >>unaware to NSIS at all, a simplest way presumably can be 
> NSIS signlaing 
> >>directly after each moibility management.
> > 
> > I think there is always a trade-off here in terms of signaling 
> > overheads and promptness of response. Upon handoff, trying 
> to achieve 
> > an "on-demand" adjustment (i.e., movement triggers both MIP 
> and NSIS) 
> > is
>                                 -------->"route change"? (the node can
>                                          be mobile host, home 
> agent,...)

Usually I refer to "movement" as mobile node changing its points of
attachment at network edge. But there is a close relationship between
this and route change inside the network. I remember that is exactly how
we came up with using "RSVP local repair property" in the RSVP-mobility
framework. 

> > probably appropriate.
> 
> This is another possibility one can do. IMO NSIS signaling after MIP 
> signaling might be less complex, as it can happen MIP fails but NSIS 
> succeeds if a handoff triggers both (then you need additional 
> signaling 
> to release NSIS states). 

Yes, you are right. By loosely saying "trigger both", there are actually
still possibilities of "triggering both in parallel" or "triggering both
in sequential". Again there is a tradeoff of choosing either of them. 

> Since the places where a route change takes 
> place after a handoff differ, we have to coordinate these events (see 
> some discussions in our I-D).

Not crystally clear about what you mean in this senstence, appreciate it
if you could elaborate.

BR/ Charles 


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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 09:49:22 +0300
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Hi Xiaoming,

> With p2p mode, signaling can be extended to be somehow path-decoupled, =

> but we may look at path-coupled first only.

Just to be clear, right now path-decoupled operation is out of scope
for NSIS.  In order to support path-decoupled operation, we would need
a rechartering & we would need to have completed more of our =
deliverables.

thanks,
John

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hi all, 

please find further comments inline:

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Michael Thomas [mailto:mat@cisco.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 08, 2003 7:41 PM
> To: Geib, Ruediger
> Cc: mshore@cisco.com; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt 
> 
> 
> Geib, Ruediger writes:
>  > Melinda
>  > 
>  > [snip]
>  > |Some are probably obvious (replay protection)
>  > |but some are not, and there are some very difficult issues
>  > |around both keying and authorization. 
>  > 
>  > When signaling crosses domain borders (lightweight) message 
>  > integrity and authentication are required. Bogus messages 
>  > should be identified and deleted at the lowest possible 
>  > layer (NTLP is better than NSLP, but if feasible the 
>  > transport below NTLP was better than NTLP).
> 
> I don't see why this is a priori true. In general,
> you gain the most flexibility by moving
> functionality up the stack. The tradeoff is the
> potential for lack of uniformity, and the
> corresponding possibility for breaches due to, oh
> say, insufficient review.
> 
> Right now the two things that most resemble NSIS
> are RSVP and SIP to my mind. BGP has some of the
> same problems as Melinda points out, but I'm not
> as well clued in there.

i have difficulties to see the relationship to the mentioned certificate
distribution mechanism using bgp. 

> RSVP has elected to keep
> all of it at application layer,

this sounds like there was a design consideration phase which finally
decided to support security at the application layer. actually, i think that
there was no other choice (due to some design decisions). 

> and SIP has
> elected to use lower level security for hop-by-hop
> and application layer for hop-spanning needs.

... because design decisions in the protocol give the freedoom to chose a
number of mechanisms.

> The
> biggest win with the SIP approach, IMO, is that
> you inherit key management which has been well
> vetted.

certainly and there aren't too many flexible and standardized protocol which
support authentication and key exchange (including subsequent message
protection). 

> This is something that the RSVP integrity
> object lacks, and would require further
>standardization to make it useful.
> Which isn't to
> say that it's appropriate for NSIS because though
> similar to SIP, it is not the same (cf
> discovery...).

the discovery combined with signaling message delivery, as pointed out
several times, is not very helpful for a number of things (including
security).

> Also: as with SIP, lower layer
> security protocols are not ideal either. TLS
> doesn't run over UDP, and IPsec has trouble with
> cross-layer binding of auth to authz. TLS also
> suffers from fairly trivial DoS attacks if you can
> see the traffic flowing by (otherwise it's
> O(guess-large-number)).

creating your own security solution at the application layer is also not
trivial (see rsvp security).

> 
> So I guess I don't see this as really clear. With
> MIPv6 I made the argument for IPsec for binding
> updates primarily because of the keying problem.
> RSVP/NSIS do not have the same security
> considerations though and it's not even clear
> whether hop-by-hop integrity is even all that
> useful since we have the alternate means of
> auth/authz through policy objects and/or COPS.

you might want to take a look at our nsis/aaa draft. we believe that
hop-by-hop integrity is a useful concept.  

> To
> my knowledge neither policy or integrity are
> widely implemented or used,

maybe since rsvp is not widely used ? 
microsoft implemented the kerberos authentication mechanism. 
in the packetcable environment the integrity mechanism is used. 

 but the one thing to
> be said about the policy objects is that the COPS
> model is extremely analogous to AAA which is
> pervasive.

you might want to take a look at the 3gpp ims model (sip usage in the 3gpp
environment):
there you will find:

- a protocol executed between the end host and a node in the network  (sip)
- a protocol between the visited network and the home network (let's call it
aaa protocol)

authentication, authorization is done initial (with the first few messages)
- subsequently keys are in place to protect signaling messages between these
nodes. 

i am unbiased with regard to cops - it could well be another protocol such
as radius or diameter (but that does not change anything). 

if you look at the QoS NSLP Authorization Issues draft then you will find
some questions which might, as a consequence, require either the above
described approach or something else. certainly, it is not only a technical
issue but also an issue of control (i.e. how much control do you want to
place at the home network). but that's probably a longer story. 

> And that model does not require or care
> about hop-by-hop integrity. Which isn't to say
> that that's an arguably bad thing, just that it is
> in fact reality.

i hope that i misunderstood you. you are not saying that the hop-by-hop
security is not required? 

entity authentication alone is not the whole story. if you only do the
initial aaa communication then you have nothing more!

> Given this, it may well be that
> NSIS is exactly *inverted* from the SIP mechanism.

i would like to know how you reached this conclusion. 

i think that nsis is closer to sip than one might think (with regard to some
nslps). 

> That is, SIP's primarly line of auth/authz defense
> is made at the hop-by-hop transport level. NSIS --
> like AAA -- may well be at the non-adjacent
> application layer, which should inform how much
> effort we should expend on each;

could you explain this non-ajacent application layer issue a little bit
more? 
is it something what we called "New Jersey Parkway Model" in the nsis/aaa
draft?


 a simple
> necessary and sufficient at hop-by-hop may
> actually be the right answer ala RSVP.


ciao
hannes


> 
> 	    Mike
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt 
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 13:25:45 +0300
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Hi all,

> |I'd actually like to see a separate security design=20
> |team for the NTLP.
>=20
> Reaching consensus on the way we'd like to proceed with=20
> NTLP security design certainly is helpful.=20

One of my suggestions in Vienna was to be about security /
AAA aspects.  Perhaps we should be prepared to discuss
the next steps on this in Vienna.

thanks,
John

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Hi all,

Anyone interested in being a scribe for this?

	     Remote Access for the 57th IETF meeting in Vienna:
                             Text Conferencing

At each IETF meeting, two of the working group meeting rooms are =
equipped
for video multicast and remote participation.  That is, for every IETF
meeting slot, two of the working groups can see and hear the
meeting. For the 57th IETF, in *addition* to the usual network A/V, text
conferencing will be provided for every working group that meets.

All of the conference rooms will be hosted on

    ietf.jabber.at

and each is named using the official IETF abbreviation found in the
agenda (e.g., "apparea",  "dhc", "forces", and so on -- for all the
examples that follow, we'll use "foobar" as the abbreviation).

Each conference room also has a 'bot which records everything that gets
sent. So, the minute taker can review this information right after the
meeting.

In addition to the conference rooms for each wg that is meeting, there
are three others of general interest: bar, hallway, and plenary.
   =20

1. Before the meeting:

1.1. If you want to participate
   =20
If you don't already have one, get yourself a Jabber client, here are =
some
suggestions:

    platform    suggestion
    --------    ----------
    win32       http://exodus.jabberstudio.org
    'nix        http://gabber.sf.net
    macos       http://jabberfox.sf.net

When you start the client for the first time, it will eventually ask if
you want to register on a public server. Go ahead and do
that.=20
   =20
If you want to find out more, instead of choosing these defaults, here
are pointers to some additional information:
   =20
    list of clients:    http://www.jabber.org/user/clientlist.php
              howto:    http://www.jabber.org/user/userguide/
        server list:    http://www.jabber.org/user/publicservers.php

To make sure everything is running ok, do a "Join Group Chat" with your
Jabber client:
   =20
    Group/Room: testing
    Server:     conference.ietf.jabber.com

This conference room is up and running right now (although probably no
one will be in it when you connect).
   =20
1.2. What the Chair does
   =20
If you want to make text conferencing available, you'll need to have a
volunteer scribe in the meeting room. The scribe will be typing in a
running commentary as to what's going on in the room (who's presenting,
what question is being asked, etc.)
   =20
So, why not send an email out on the mailing list now, before the
meeting, to ask for volunteers?
   =20
   =20
2. At the meeting

2.1. What the Chair does

When a session starts, the chair asks if someone in the room is willing
to act as "scribe". If no one volunteers, read no further, we're done!

Otherwise, the scribe should do a "Join Group Chat" with their Jabber
client, e.g.,

    Group/Room: foobar
    Server:     conference.ietf.jabber.com


2.2. What the Scribe does

The scribe types in a running commentary as to what's going on in the
room. For example, if a speaker makes a presentation, the scribe types
in the URL for the presentation (more on this in a bit).

Simlarly, during question time, a remote participant can type a question
into the room and the scribe can pass it on to the speaker.


2.3. What each Presenter does

Each presenter should put a copy of their presentation on a web server
somewhere, so remote participants can follow along.=20
   =20

2.4. Where to find the conference log
   =20
[ tbd: i'm still working on this one... ]
   =20
                                  #######


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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 13:30:06 +0300
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Hi Henning,

> > 3) Objectives
> >=20
> > I would quibble with this objective:
> >=20
> >    1.  Discover the set of nodes along the path from the=20
> data sender to
> >        the receiver (peer discovery);
> >=20
> > I've always thought that discovery comes as part of signaling along
> > the data path.  I think it is more proper to consider something
> > along the lines of determining the concerned nodes along the path,
> > rather than full-fledged discovery.
>=20
> This is probably more a difference in terminology than objective. It =
is=20
> probably both determining the nodes by sending packets towards the=20
> destination and, indirectly, discovering what they are (by any =
messages=20
> that tell a previous hop what the next hop is).

That is good - I was a bit worried about an active discovery mechanism
that would/could search for off-path nodes, as that is clearly out of
scope for the WG:

> One more general point is that I'd like to logically keep these =
separate=20
> as there is no technical necessity that =
discovery/next-hop-determination=20
> is only done by sending packets. It currently is, but as discussed=20
> during the 'reroute' discussion, under some circumstances it may be =
more=20
> expedient to consult the source of routing behavior rather than poll =
for=20
> it.

Sounds reasonable.

> > In generally, I think that this style of this section is=20
> effective in
> > providing an overview of the protocol.  However, after I=20
> reading this
> > section, I have worries about the amount of state needed - I feel
> > that the devil may be in the details here - which, of course, are
> > left for future versions of this document.
>=20
>  From our implementation, the amount of state is not terribly large =
and=20
> no larger than (and likely smaller than) RSVP. There is per-session=20
> state such as the next and previous hop address and a last-message=20
> timer, as well as housekeeping information. The additional transport=20
> state is per-peer, not per-session. The number of peers is likely to =
be=20
> much smaller than the number of sessions, or at least bounded by a=20
> constant (depending on state management policies).
>=20
> Clearly, this needs to be spelled out in more detail.

Perhaps that is the source of my concern - there seems not to be
enough consideration on bounding this aspect.  More detail is a good
think.

> >=20
> > 5) Transport Usage
> >=20
> > This section is quite short, but after reading it, I=20
> started to think that
> > what we may want is to support datagram mode as the default=20
> and connection
> > mode multiplexing traffic, etc.  This is a very vague=20
> thought - but I wonder
> > if this is what you were getting at in the document, Henning.
>=20
> Yes, roughly. To put the motivation very sloppily: have NTLP handle =
the=20
> easy transport, punt to a professional transport protocol for the hard =

> cases. Easy =3D short messages sent infrequently to new destinations =
with=20
> relaxed reliability, so that fragmentation, RTT estimation,=20
> less-than-N-RTT loss detection, flow control and congestion control =
are=20
> largely somebody else's problem.

For example, 2961 has a lot of complexity - one may argue that not all =
of
the features of 2961 are actually needed for NSIS.  However, rolling
your own mechanisms in NTLP do accomplish some of what 2961 may be
difficult.

> > 6) Message Format=20
> >=20
> > Not much comment yet, probably would like to see a future update =
with some
> > of this fleshed out.
>=20
> Definitely. My current preference is RSVP TLV-like. Although we =
haven't=20
> talked about this much, judging from other contributions to this=20
> discussion, this may be the first IETF working group where the bit=20
> format is not a major bone of contention :-)

Be thankful for small things ;)

> > it, which is a good thing in my opinion.  I worry about some of the
> > state management, which has been a problem with RSVP, so I think
>=20
> More details are needed, but the outline is that if there is transport =

> state at all (many sessions won't need it), it needs to be subject to=20
> the same soft-state mechanisms as other NTLP state, but =
implementations=20
> should be free to trade the cost of establishing new state vs. the =
cost=20
> of maintaining state by hanging onto transport state if both  ends =
agree.

Agreed, more text will help.

John

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To: Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>
cc: nsis@ietf.org
From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt 
In-Reply-To: Message from mat
   of "Tue, 08 Jul 2003 14:30:44 PDT." <16139.14340.907062.374071@thomasm-u1.cisco.com> 
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> So if I had to choose whether to put a bunch of
> effort making hop-by-hop auth/conf/authz better or
> hop-to-decision-maker architectures better, I'd
> choose the later. 

I think the latter obviously needs more attention in
general, but when you slice apart the NSIS layers it becomes
pretty clear that you need to focus on the hop-by-hop
problem in the NTLP context or you end up doing things that
aren't that meaningful for actually protecting the traffic
or you end up overly constraining, I think, the design.  For
example, doing something like source authentication almost
certainly doesn't make sense when you're providing a
generalized mechanism for bundling NSLP payloads.

It seems pretty clear to me that the NTLP security problem
is hop-by-hop and the NSLP problem, depending on the
application, will tend to be what you call "hop-to-decision-
maker."

Melinda

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From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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Charles,

> I think the path-decoupled case is different in that signaling message
> itself may not care about optimized/non-optimized path, but the related
> actions (e.g. QoS allocation) performed will still involve the routing
> path used. I agree that we may look at path-coupled case only at this
> time.

Independent of optimizated/non-optimized path, NSIS signaling can have 
minimum influence with MIP signaling - we may only need the "completion 
of MIP signaling" event (such as a mobility route change in the MN, HA 
and/or other nodes) to trigger/notify NSIS signaling. Then the latter 
will be following the data path and deliver signaling services (thru 
various NSLP messages) as needed.

...(snip)
> 
>>Since the places where a route change takes 
>>place after a handoff differ, we have to coordinate these events (see 
>>some discussions in our I-D).
> 
> 
> Not crystally clear about what you mean in this senstence, appreciate it
> if you could elaborate.

Meant "several nodes (such MN, HA and/or FA, possibly ARs in FMIP/CTP 
case) will have to change the routing entries for the data forwarding of 
flows sent to or received by the MN. As these events happen 
subsequently, one has to take care of a reasonable sequence of NSIS 
signaling process which will also go along these nodes." Some of such 
situations are discussed in issue 7 and section 4.1 of the I-D.

Best regards,
Xiaoming


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul  9 11:25:29 2003
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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'Melinda Shore'" <mshore@cisco.com>, Michael Thomas <mat@cisco.com>,
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Subject: [NSIS] authorization
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hi melinda, 

since you are raising the authorization discussion i would like to make
things a little bit more precise:

- which entities would you like to see involved in computing the
authorization decision?
- how long do you think is the authorization decision valid? (e.g.
authorization decision only for a single request)
- what information is needed to compute the authorization decision? (e.g.
price, qos objects, etc.)

do you think that the authorization decision along (together possible with
entity authentication) is sufficient i.e. that there is no need for
signaling message protection? 

ciao
hannes


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Melinda Shore [mailto:mshore@cisco.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 09, 2003 2:08 PM
> To: Michael Thomas
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt 
> 
> 
> > So if I had to choose whether to put a bunch of
> > effort making hop-by-hop auth/conf/authz better or
> > hop-to-decision-maker architectures better, I'd
> > choose the later. 
> 
> I think the latter obviously needs more attention in
> general, but when you slice apart the NSIS layers it becomes
> pretty clear that you need to focus on the hop-by-hop
> problem in the NTLP context or you end up doing things that
> aren't that meaningful for actually protecting the traffic
> or you end up overly constraining, I think, the design.  For
> example, doing something like source authentication almost
> certainly doesn't make sense when you're providing a
> generalized mechanism for bundling NSLP payloads.
> 
> It seems pretty clear to me that the NTLP security problem
> is hop-by-hop and the NSLP problem, depending on the
> application, will tend to be what you call "hop-to-decision-
> maker."
> 
> Melinda
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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To: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
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From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] authorization 
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> do you think that the authorization decision along (together possible with
> entity authentication) is sufficient i.e. that there is no need for
> signaling message protection? 

I think that if you asked me today (which you did), I
wouldn't do any authorization at the NTLP layer.  I'm not
sure if it's meaningful.  It seems to me that the questions
that would be asked are either "may I send you a packet?"
and/or "may I send you an NSLP payload?," neither of which,
I think, would be or even could be properly answered by
NTLP.  It wouldn't be very difficult to convince me to
change my mind on this, but right now it seems that it's the
wrong question for NTLP.

Melinda


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I would agree that spending a lot of time on NTLP-specific security may 
not be time well spent. Indicating the re-use of existing mechanisms is 
probably not much effort where that is feasible; part of the reason SIP 
ended up spending lots of time on this because there was a 
mandatory-to-implement decision tied in with that, which tends to get 
people excited.

Michael Thomas wrote:

> At first I thought there was merit to the
> "QoS-specific" rap, but as I re-read it, I'm not
> sure that what I wrote is especially related to
> QoS. It's always true that there may be situations
> where you want confidentiality, key mgmt, etc in
> hop-by-hop, but it's really more of a question of
> prioritization and effort. That is, how worth is
> it to get this more "correct" for NSIS than it is
> for RSVP? SIP had pretty good motivation, not the
> least of which was the possiblity of transporting
> SRTP keys, but the UA/proxy architecture as the
> norm makes a pretty compelling argument as well.
> 
> The question, really, is whether NSIS applications
> are more SIP-like or AAA-like in their
> authorization and delegation. I'm not a huge AAA
> fan, but I think it's unarguably the case that
> people like that model, and there's tons of
> deployment. Indeed, there's been plenty of noise
> even in SIP land to integrate with legacy AAA too.
> I tend to think that that lure will persist if not
> strengthen with NSIS, especially as policy becomes
> more complicated.
> 
> So if I had to choose whether to put a bunch of
> effort making hop-by-hop auth/conf/authz better or
> hop-to-decision-maker architectures better, I'd
> choose the later. Maybe we have to do both, but I
> for one am not eager reopen the same debate with
> NSIS as was, IMO, unsatisfactorily resolved in
> SIP. There seems like there are better things to
> worry about.
> 
> 		Mike



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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:


> 
> That is good - I was a bit worried about an active discovery mechanism
> that would/could search for off-path nodes, as that is clearly out of
> scope for the WG:

The active discovery mechanism specified or envisioned does not stray 
off-path. (The modularity may enable other mechanisms, including 
off-path, but that's hopefully not a drawback :-))

> Perhaps that is the source of my concern - there seems not to be
> enough consideration on bounding this aspect.  More detail is a good
> think.

My philosophy is that implementors should be given choices here (without 
impairing interoperability), since there's an inherent time/space 
trade-off, with the minimum state being a reasonable one. If that's not 
ok, please let me know.


>>Yes, roughly. To put the motivation very sloppily: have NTLP handle the 
>>easy transport, punt to a professional transport protocol for the hard 
>>cases. Easy = short messages sent infrequently to new destinations with 
>>relaxed reliability, so that fragmentation, RTT estimation, 
>>less-than-N-RTT loss detection, flow control and congestion control are 
>>largely somebody else's problem.
> 
> 
> For example, 2961 has a lot of complexity - one may argue that not all of
> the features of 2961 are actually needed for NSIS.  However, rolling
> your own mechanisms in NTLP do accomplish some of what 2961 may be
> difficult.

The intent is to have only the most basic mechanism from 2961 
(hop-by-hop exponential backoff retransmission) and leave everything 
else as a "hard case". I'm not sure if your statement is agreeing with 
mine, but I have no intent of re-inventing 2961. I don't think the 
subset mentioned is difficult, at least based on our implementation 
experience (one additional timer per pending session) and that of other 
bare-bones transport mechanisms (DNS, SLP, RADIUS, etc.) that do roughly 
the same thing.

Henning


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Hi Melinda,

> I think that if you asked me today (which you did), I
> wouldn't do any authorization at the NTLP layer.  I'm not
> sure if it's meaningful.  It seems to me that the questions
> that would be asked are either "may I send you a packet?"
> and/or "may I send you an NSLP payload?," neither of which,
> I think, would be or even could be properly answered by
> NTLP.  It wouldn't be very difficult to convince me to
> change my mind on this, but right now it seems that it's the
> wrong question for NTLP.

That makes sense, for example, for AAA services, the transport
protocol is not authorized; it is the AAA protocol (RADIUS,
Diameter) where the authorization takes place.

John

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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
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Xiaoming,

> ...(snip)
> > 
> >>Since the places where a route change takes
> >>place after a handoff differ, we have to coordinate these 
> events (see 
> >>some discussions in our I-D).
> > 
> > 
> > Not crystally clear about what you mean in this senstence, 
> appreciate 
> > it if you could elaborate.
> 
> Meant "several nodes (such MN, HA and/or FA, possibly ARs in FMIP/CTP 
> case) will have to change the routing entries for the data 
> forwarding of 
> flows sent to or received by the MN. As these events happen 
> subsequently, one has to take care of a reasonable sequence of NSIS 
> signaling process which will also go along these nodes." Some of such 
> situations are discussed in issue 7 and section 4.1 of the I-D.
> 

Ok, so you are talking about the Synchronization/out of sequence
problem. Usually it is solved by some kind of messages ID/sequence
number (e.g., in related routing protocol updates, RSVP refreshes, and
our RSVP-MIP test-bed). I am not very sure what is the difference
between the Branch ID you mentioned in your draft from the message ID
approach. 

Cheers/Charles


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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Short Review of draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00
Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:47:43 +0300
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Hi Henning,

> > That is good - I was a bit worried about an active discovery =
mechanism
> > that would/could search for off-path nodes, as that is clearly out =
of
> > scope for the WG:
>=20
> The active discovery mechanism specified or envisioned does not stray=20
> off-path. (The modularity may enable other mechanisms, including=20
> off-path, but that's hopefully not a drawback :-))

Off-path is for future study, so it is not a drawback ...

> > Perhaps that is the source of my concern - there seems not to be
> > enough consideration on bounding this aspect.  More detail is a good
> > think.
>=20
> My philosophy is that implementors should be given choices here =
(without=20
> impairing interoperability), since there's an inherent time/space=20
> trade-off, with the minimum state being a reasonable one. If that's =
not=20
> ok, please let me know.

I think certain bounding of the problem needs to be captured, if nothing =
else
than for guidelines for implementors.

> > For example, 2961 has a lot of complexity - one may argue that not =
all of
> > the features of 2961 are actually needed for NSIS.  However, rolling
> > your own mechanisms in NTLP do accomplish some of what 2961 may be
> > difficult.
>=20
> The intent is to have only the most basic mechanism from 2961=20
> (hop-by-hop exponential backoff retransmission) and leave everything=20
> else as a "hard case". I'm not sure if your statement is agreeing with =

> mine, but I have no intent of re-inventing 2961.=20

I am agree agreeing.

> I don't think the=20
> subset mentioned is difficult, at least based on our implementation=20
> experience (one additional timer per pending session) and that of =
other=20
> bare-bones transport mechanisms (DNS, SLP, RADIUS, etc.) that=20
> do roughly  the same thing.

I think that we just need to be a bit more explicit, that is all.

thanks,
John

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 04:02:32 2003
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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'Melinda Shore'" <mshore@cisco.com>
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:01:11 +0200
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hi melinda, 

i guess i misunderstood you. there are actually different places along the
end to end path which experience different protection (see Figure 2 of
[threats]). 

we can discuss this issue in more detail next week. however, i see you have
already strong opinion. i will take a look at the existing ntlp proposals in
more detail to provide you (and others) with more details. 

(btw, at which layer message protection takes place is actually not the
difficult part - its the key management - and for some nslps authorization).
as you know we have also explored the "protect messages at the nslp layer"
part with draft-tschofenig-rsvp-doi-00.txt.
 
ciao
hannes

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Melinda Shore [mailto:mshore@cisco.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 09, 2003 6:16 PM
> To: Tschofenig Hannes
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] authorization 
> 
> 
> > do you think that the authorization decision along 
> (together possible with
> > entity authentication) is sufficient i.e. that there is no need for
> > signaling message protection? 
> 
> I think that if you asked me today (which you did), I
> wouldn't do any authorization at the NTLP layer.  I'm not
> sure if it's meaningful.  It seems to me that the questions
> that would be asked are either "may I send you a packet?"
> and/or "may I send you an NSLP payload?," neither of which,
> I think, would be or even could be properly answered by
> NTLP.  It wouldn't be very difficult to convince me to
> change my mind on this, but right now it seems that it's the
> wrong question for NTLP.
> 
> Melinda
> 

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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'john.loughney@nokia.com'" <john.loughney@nokia.com>, mshore@cisco.com
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
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hi john, 

i somehow got lost in this discussion. 

what is the question that should be answered? 

- is it about at which layer signaling message protection should take place?


- is it about authorization?
if so then we have to further differentiate between different messages and
different locations along the end to end path. i also have to agree that
certain authorization decisions make only sense at the nslp (and at a
particular context). 

ciao
hannes

btw, the aaa context could be somewhat misleading here since the aaa
protocol runs between the aaa server and the attendant whereas the nsis part
would be between the client and the attendant.
that's also the reason why the nsis working group does not really deal with
aaa protocols or extensions. an nsis protocol therefore only serves as a
"information provider" for a subsequent aaa interaction (as proposed in the
past already).

> -----Original Message-----
> From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
> Sent: Thursday, July 10, 2003 5:24 AM
> To: mshore@cisco.com; Tschofenig Hannes
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
> 
> 
> Hi Melinda,
> 
> > I think that if you asked me today (which you did), I
> > wouldn't do any authorization at the NTLP layer.  I'm not
> > sure if it's meaningful.  It seems to me that the questions
> > that would be asked are either "may I send you a packet?"
> > and/or "may I send you an NSLP payload?," neither of which,
> > I think, would be or even could be properly answered by
> > NTLP.  It wouldn't be very difficult to convince me to
> > change my mind on this, but right now it seems that it's the
> > wrong question for NTLP.
> 
> That makes sense, for example, for AAA services, the transport
> protocol is not authorized; it is the AAA protocol (RADIUS,
> Diameter) where the authorization takes place.
> 
> John
> 

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Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
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Hi Hannes,

What I think we need to discuss & decide upon are the following:

1) Security & robustness to DoS attacks at both the NTLP & NSLP layers.
2) Authentication & Authorization issues for services. =20

My gut feeling is that the AA issues would be most appropriate to handle
at the NSLP layer.

Does this make sense?
John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com]
> Sent: 10 July, 2003 11:21
> To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki); mshore@cisco.com
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization=20
>=20
>=20
> hi john,=20
>=20
> i somehow got lost in this discussion.=20
>=20
> what is the question that should be answered?=20
>=20
> - is it about at which layer signaling message protection=20
> should take place?
>=20
>=20
> - is it about authorization?
> if so then we have to further differentiate between different messages =
and
> different locations along the end to end path. i also have to agree =
that
> certain authorization decisions make only sense at the nslp (and at a
> particular context).=20
>=20
> ciao
> hannes
>=20
> btw, the aaa context could be somewhat misleading here since the aaa
> protocol runs between the aaa server and the attendant whereas the =
nsis part
> would be between the client and the attendant.
> that's also the reason why the nsis working group does not really deal =
with
> aaa protocols or extensions. an nsis protocol therefore only serves as =
a
> "information provider" for a subsequent aaa interaction (as proposed =
in the
> past already).
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, July 10, 2003 5:24 AM
> > To: mshore@cisco.com; Tschofenig Hannes
> > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization=20
> >=20
> >=20
> > Hi Melinda,
> >=20
> > > I think that if you asked me today (which you did), I
> > > wouldn't do any authorization at the NTLP layer.  I'm not
> > > sure if it's meaningful.  It seems to me that the questions
> > > that would be asked are either "may I send you a packet?"
> > > and/or "may I send you an NSLP payload?," neither of which,
> > > I think, would be or even could be properly answered by
> > > NTLP.  It wouldn't be very difficult to convince me to
> > > change my mind on this, but right now it seems that it's the
> > > wrong question for NTLP.
> >=20
> > That makes sense, for example, for AAA services, the transport
> > protocol is not authorized; it is the AAA protocol (RADIUS,
> > Diameter) where the authorization takes place.
> >=20
> > John
> >=20
>=20

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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'john.loughney@nokia.com'" <john.loughney@nokia.com>, mshore@cisco.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:33:14 +0200
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hi john, 

that adds some light to our discussion. 

> Hi Hannes,
> 
> What I think we need to discuss & decide upon are the following:
> 
> 1) Security & robustness to DoS attacks at both the NTLP & 
> NSLP layers.
> 2) Authentication & Authorization issues for services.  

that's goes along with my observation. 
 
> My gut feeling is that the AA issues would be most 
> appropriate to handle
> at the NSLP layer.

some of the question we raised with NSIS AAA
(draft-tschofenig-nsis-aaa-issues-01.txt) and with QoS NSLP Authorization
Issues (draft-tschofenig-nsis-qos-authz-issues-00.txt) address this issue.
it is certainly necessary to get some conclusion since it has an impact on
the nslp protocol design. for the nat/firewall handling other authorization
decisions are important as described in  draft-brunner-nsis-midcom-ps-00.txt

small note: authorization does not necessarily need to be combined with
authentication (and also not necessarily at the same layer).
 
> 
> Does this make sense?
yes. 

ciao
hannes

> John
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ext Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com]
> > Sent: 10 July, 2003 11:21
> > To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki); mshore@cisco.com
> > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
> > 
> > 
> > hi john, 
> > 
> > i somehow got lost in this discussion. 
> > 
> > what is the question that should be answered? 
> > 
> > - is it about at which layer signaling message protection 
> > should take place?
> > 
> > 
> > - is it about authorization?
> > if so then we have to further differentiate between 
> different messages and
> > different locations along the end to end path. i also have 
> to agree that
> > certain authorization decisions make only sense at the nslp 
> (and at a
> > particular context). 
> > 
> > ciao
> > hannes
> > 
> > btw, the aaa context could be somewhat misleading here since the aaa
> > protocol runs between the aaa server and the attendant 
> whereas the nsis part
> > would be between the client and the attendant.
> > that's also the reason why the nsis working group does not 
> really deal with
> > aaa protocols or extensions. an nsis protocol therefore 
> only serves as a
> > "information provider" for a subsequent aaa interaction (as 
> proposed in the
> > past already).
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
> > > Sent: Thursday, July 10, 2003 5:24 AM
> > > To: mshore@cisco.com; Tschofenig Hannes
> > > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > > Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Hi Melinda,
> > > 
> > > > I think that if you asked me today (which you did), I
> > > > wouldn't do any authorization at the NTLP layer.  I'm not
> > > > sure if it's meaningful.  It seems to me that the questions
> > > > that would be asked are either "may I send you a packet?"
> > > > and/or "may I send you an NSLP payload?," neither of which,
> > > > I think, would be or even could be properly answered by
> > > > NTLP.  It wouldn't be very difficult to convince me to
> > > > change my mind on this, but right now it seems that it's the
> > > > wrong question for NTLP.
> > > 
> > > That makes sense, for example, for AAA services, the transport
> > > protocol is not authorized; it is the AAA protocol (RADIUS,
> > > Diameter) where the authorization takes place.
> > > 
> > > John
> > > 
> > 
> 

_______________________________________________
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nsis@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 04:46:26 2003
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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>,
        "'john.loughney@nokia.com'" <john.loughney@nokia.com>,
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
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hi 

i should mention that we should not only focus on the first/last peer
communication (we we actually have a user). there this classical
authentication, authorization (+ key exchange) example is found.
authorization within other places (such as inter-domain, intra-domain, etc.)
looks different and does not require a aaa infrastructure. there are
certainly different security requirements between these parts in the
end-to-end signaling path.

ciao
hannes


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tschofenig Hannes 
> Sent: Thursday, July 10, 2003 10:33 AM
> To: 'john.loughney@nokia.com'; mshore@cisco.com
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
> 
> 
> hi john, 
> 
> that adds some light to our discussion. 
> 
> > Hi Hannes,
> > 
> > What I think we need to discuss & decide upon are the following:
> > 
> > 1) Security & robustness to DoS attacks at both the NTLP & 
> > NSLP layers.
> > 2) Authentication & Authorization issues for services.  
> 
> that's goes along with my observation. 
>  
> > My gut feeling is that the AA issues would be most 
> > appropriate to handle
> > at the NSLP layer.
> 
> some of the question we raised with NSIS AAA
> (draft-tschofenig-nsis-aaa-issues-01.txt) and with QoS NSLP 
> Authorization
> Issues (draft-tschofenig-nsis-qos-authz-issues-00.txt) 
> address this issue.
> it is certainly necessary to get some conclusion since it has 
> an impact on
> the nslp protocol design. for the nat/firewall handling other 
> authorization
> decisions are important as described in  
> draft-brunner-nsis-midcom-ps-00.txt
> 
> small note: authorization does not necessarily need to be 
> combined with
> authentication (and also not necessarily at the same layer).
>  
> > 
> > Does this make sense?
> yes. 
> 
> ciao
> hannes
> 
> > John
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: ext Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com]
> > > Sent: 10 July, 2003 11:21
> > > To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki); mshore@cisco.com
> > > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > > Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > hi john, 
> > > 
> > > i somehow got lost in this discussion. 
> > > 
> > > what is the question that should be answered? 
> > > 
> > > - is it about at which layer signaling message protection 
> > > should take place?
> > > 
> > > 
> > > - is it about authorization?
> > > if so then we have to further differentiate between 
> > different messages and
> > > different locations along the end to end path. i also have 
> > to agree that
> > > certain authorization decisions make only sense at the nslp 
> > (and at a
> > > particular context). 
> > > 
> > > ciao
> > > hannes
> > > 
> > > btw, the aaa context could be somewhat misleading here 
> since the aaa
> > > protocol runs between the aaa server and the attendant 
> > whereas the nsis part
> > > would be between the client and the attendant.
> > > that's also the reason why the nsis working group does not 
> > really deal with
> > > aaa protocols or extensions. an nsis protocol therefore 
> > only serves as a
> > > "information provider" for a subsequent aaa interaction (as 
> > proposed in the
> > > past already).
> > > 
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
> > > > Sent: Thursday, July 10, 2003 5:24 AM
> > > > To: mshore@cisco.com; Tschofenig Hannes
> > > > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > > > Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Hi Melinda,
> > > > 
> > > > > I think that if you asked me today (which you did), I
> > > > > wouldn't do any authorization at the NTLP layer.  I'm not
> > > > > sure if it's meaningful.  It seems to me that the questions
> > > > > that would be asked are either "may I send you a packet?"
> > > > > and/or "may I send you an NSLP payload?," neither of which,
> > > > > I think, would be or even could be properly answered by
> > > > > NTLP.  It wouldn't be very difficult to convince me to
> > > > > change my mind on this, but right now it seems that it's the
> > > > > wrong question for NTLP.
> > > > 
> > > > That makes sense, for example, for AAA services, the transport
> > > > protocol is not authorized; it is the AAA protocol (RADIUS,
> > > > Diameter) where the authorization takes place.
> > > > 
> > > > John
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
nsis@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 05:51:28 2003
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Dear All,

I have some questions & observations about how we are proceeding
with the NTLP design process. (Most of them have been stimulated
in fact by reading Melinda's draft-shore-..., but the one I 
consider most important/interesting is actually pretty general,
and I've put it at the start.) I have been out of the office for 
a few days and am not fully up to date with the recent mailing list
discussions, so apologies in advance if any of what follows is
redundant with that.

1. The single most important issue seems to me to be how the
'core' transport functions should be provided. I can see (at
least) 4 options -
a) take existing protocol components straight out of 2205+2961, 
re-arrange them in the NSIS layer model, and add pieces for 
additional functionality needed.
b) do (a) but starting from a clean sheet, i.e. a new 'path coupled
transport protocol'.
c) build the NTLP out of an existing transport protocol, and live 
with a separated signalling transport and route discovery 
process.
d) do (c) but trying to keep the ability to have unified 
transport and route discovery (like PATH does today).

It may be that (b) is ruled out by the terms of John's 'Starting
NTLP Work' slide from San Francisco, but I can't see that the others
are. I feel that we need to bottom out this question before really
getting into the details of protocol design (message formats and
so on), since the 'shape' of the protocol depends so strongly on
it.

Just for the record, let me say that I can see the attraction of 
(a) in terms of providing a conceptual starting point. However, I
have a suspicion that extra functionality - fragmentation, better congestion control, protection against denial-of-service attacks, pmtu discovery,
and so on - will be hard for us to design and hard to build into
the protocol in a nice way. (Another side effect of approach (a)
might well be that the NTLP inherits functionality which was 
natural in 2961 - like message summarisation, awareness of 
signalling application state - which shouldn't logically be there.)

On the other hand, I am not blind to the issues with (c), mainly
the need for a separate discovery procedure. I suspect it's 
impossible to provide a proof (which satisfies everyone) that this
doesn't matter.

So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is 
impossible using a fully reliable transport; however, I'm now
pretty (90%) sure that something sensible can be done by
re-using DCCP, and selectively layering reliability on top
(where needed). (You could also use a different congestion response,
like TFRC, which might be nice. In fact, DCCP seems to have *lots*
of nice features...)

2. In earlier days of the WG, we were careful to consider the
problems of signalling going through clouds which were not pure
IP DA routed (see also recent discussion on this list about
Allison's comments on the requirements). So, I'm nervous about
protocol designs which assume that the IP DA fully defines the
route taken by a flow (i.e. this is all you need in the PATH-like
message). [Even RSVP uses both the flow SA and DA in PATH messages.]

In fact, we have up to now had an object in the framework (the
flow id, maybe a better name would be 'flow routing information')
which supposedly exposed at the NTLP level all the information 
needed to work out where to send a signalling packet. In addition,
this object could be processed at an NTLP-aware NAT to provide
a traversal service for most signalling applications. I'd be 
interested to know if people think this should actually be reflected
in NTLP design (or, if they think it is just a terminally silly 
idea - in which case I can take it out of the framework as well).

3. Just for the avoidance of confusion, the NSIS framework as
currently defined has no concept of message identifiers (global
or local), regarding them as purely internal. The thing it calls
the session id (possibly referred to as flow-id in the Shore draft)
identifies an application layer session.

See you in Vienna,

Robert H.

_______________________________________________
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 12:51:39 +0200
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John,

|What I think we need to discuss & decide upon are the following:
|
|1) Security & robustness to DoS attacks at both the NTLP & NSLP =
layers.

Agreed. Addition: NTLP must not enable new types of DoS attacks.

|2) Authentication & Authorization issues for services. =20
|
|My gut feeling is that the AA issues would be most appropriate=20
|to handle at the NSLP layer.

I'd prefer to have some lightweight authentication at NTLP. A message=20
digest based on a shared secret would be nice. That's why I think=20
discovery and "keep alive" of upstream and downstream NTLP=20
adjacencies is important.=20
Route changes are an issue with this. But I'd rather try to solve=20
the latter than drop the former.

Regards, R=FCdiger

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Subject: RE: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 14:07:52 +0300
Message-ID: <DADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB3206360C1FF1@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com>
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Robert,

Some random thoughts / comments. I've clipped the bits of your
mail that I am replying to, complete email is left unmolested.

> 1. The single most important issue seems to me to be how the
> 'core' transport functions should be provided.=20

Perhaps you should define what you mean by 'core' transport functions.

> It may be that (b) is ruled out by the terms of John's 'Starting
> NTLP Work' slide from San Francisco, but I can't see that the others
> are.=20

(b) is ruled out by our charter.  If we want a clean sheet approach,
we need to demonstate why something like 2205+2961 is not sufficient
for the task at hand.

> So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is=20
> impossible using a fully reliable transport;=20

Using a fully reliable transport option as a starting point requires=20
proof that reliable transport is needed.  I have yet to see good
justification that a relaible transport is required.  My gut feeling is =
that
we start with a connectionless protocol and see how & if a =
connection-oriented
protocol can be supported.

John


> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Hancock, Robert [mailto:robert.hancock@roke.co.uk]
> Sent: 10 July, 2003 12:50
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
>=20
>=20
> Dear All,
>=20
> I have some questions & observations about how we are proceeding
> with the NTLP design process. (Most of them have been stimulated
> in fact by reading Melinda's draft-shore-..., but the one I=20
> consider most important/interesting is actually pretty general,
> and I've put it at the start.) I have been out of the office for=20
> a few days and am not fully up to date with the recent mailing list
> discussions, so apologies in advance if any of what follows is
> redundant with that.
>=20
> 1. The single most important issue seems to me to be how the
> 'core' transport functions should be provided. I can see (at
> least) 4 options -
> a) take existing protocol components straight out of 2205+2961,=20
> re-arrange them in the NSIS layer model, and add pieces for=20
> additional functionality needed.
> b) do (a) but starting from a clean sheet, i.e. a new 'path coupled
> transport protocol'.
> c) build the NTLP out of an existing transport protocol, and live=20
> with a separated signalling transport and route discovery=20
> process.
> d) do (c) but trying to keep the ability to have unified=20
> transport and route discovery (like PATH does today).
>=20
> It may be that (b) is ruled out by the terms of John's 'Starting
> NTLP Work' slide from San Francisco, but I can't see that the others
> are. I feel that we need to bottom out this question before really
> getting into the details of protocol design (message formats and
> so on), since the 'shape' of the protocol depends so strongly on
> it.
>=20
> Just for the record, let me say that I can see the attraction of=20
> (a) in terms of providing a conceptual starting point. However, I
> have a suspicion that extra functionality - fragmentation,=20
> better congestion control, protection against=20
> denial-of-service attacks, pmtu discovery,
> and so on - will be hard for us to design and hard to build into
> the protocol in a nice way. (Another side effect of approach (a)
> might well be that the NTLP inherits functionality which was=20
> natural in 2961 - like message summarisation, awareness of=20
> signalling application state - which shouldn't logically be there.)
>=20
> On the other hand, I am not blind to the issues with (c), mainly
> the need for a separate discovery procedure. I suspect it's=20
> impossible to provide a proof (which satisfies everyone) that this
> doesn't matter.
>=20
> So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is=20
> impossible using a fully reliable transport; however, I'm now
> pretty (90%) sure that something sensible can be done by
> re-using DCCP, and selectively layering reliability on top
> (where needed). (You could also use a different congestion response,
> like TFRC, which might be nice. In fact, DCCP seems to have *lots*
> of nice features...)
>=20
> 2. In earlier days of the WG, we were careful to consider the
> problems of signalling going through clouds which were not pure
> IP DA routed (see also recent discussion on this list about
> Allison's comments on the requirements). So, I'm nervous about
> protocol designs which assume that the IP DA fully defines the
> route taken by a flow (i.e. this is all you need in the PATH-like
> message). [Even RSVP uses both the flow SA and DA in PATH messages.]
>=20
> In fact, we have up to now had an object in the framework (the
> flow id, maybe a better name would be 'flow routing information')
> which supposedly exposed at the NTLP level all the information=20
> needed to work out where to send a signalling packet. In addition,
> this object could be processed at an NTLP-aware NAT to provide
> a traversal service for most signalling applications. I'd be=20
> interested to know if people think this should actually be reflected
> in NTLP design (or, if they think it is just a terminally silly=20
> idea - in which case I can take it out of the framework as well).
>=20
> 3. Just for the avoidance of confusion, the NSIS framework as
> currently defined has no concept of message identifiers (global
> or local), regarding them as purely internal. The thing it calls
> the session id (possibly referred to as flow-id in the Shore draft)
> identifies an application layer session.
>=20
> See you in Vienna,
>=20
> Robert H.
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

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Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization 
Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 14:31:44 +0300
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Hi R=FCdiger,

I think peer authentication of each NTLP hop could be filed under
my point (1).  I would not want to involve 3rd part authentication
though - at least initially - as things might get complicated.

John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Geib, Ruediger [mailto:Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com]
> Sent: 10 July, 2003 13:52
> To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki)
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] authorization=20
>=20
>=20
> John,
>=20
> |What I think we need to discuss & decide upon are the following:
> |
> |1) Security & robustness to DoS attacks at both the NTLP &=20
> NSLP layers.
>=20
> Agreed. Addition: NTLP must not enable new types of DoS attacks.
>=20
> |2) Authentication & Authorization issues for services. =20
> |
> |My gut feeling is that the AA issues would be most appropriate=20
> |to handle at the NSLP layer.
>=20
> I'd prefer to have some lightweight authentication at NTLP. A message=20
> digest based on a shared secret would be nice. That's why I think=20
> discovery and "keep alive" of upstream and downstream NTLP=20
> adjacencies is important.=20
> Route changes are an issue with this. But I'd rather try to solve=20
> the latter than drop the former.
>=20
> Regards, R=FCdiger
>=20

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From: Martin Stiemerling <Martin.Stiemerling@ccrle.nec.de>
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] Review of "Security Threats for NSIS "
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Hi,

I have read the -02 draft and it looks fine for me. Here some nits:
- some more terminology would be good, since all the abbrevations, like SA 
or MITM, are not necessary good to guess for people that are not deeply 
involved.
- in section 5.5 RFC3812 is referenced, but actually it is 3182 (as in the 
reference section)
- in 5.10: May the 'adversary' use the the same session id not only for 
security abuse, but as well just by accident?

Martin

--On Monday, July 07, 2003 15:07:28 +0300 john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

| Hi all,
|
| In preparing for IETF 57, I am trying to make a quick review of many of
| the documents under discussion.
|
| http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-threats-02.txt
|
|
| Overall, I think this document is quite good & quite ready for WG Last
| Call. If noone opposes, I would like to start WG last call on this
| document starting Wednesday July 9th and run it for 3 weeks until July
| 23rd.
|
| I am restricting my comments to some more general comments right now.
|
| 1) Abstract needs improvement.
|
| Text is:
|
|         This threats document provides a detailed analysis of the
| security          threats relevant for the NSIS working group. It
| motivates and helps          to understand various security
| considerations in the NSIS          Requirements, Framework and Protocol
| proposals. This document does          not describe vulnerabilities of
| specific NSIS protocols.
|
| Suggested change (feel free to modify accordingly):
|
|         This document provides a detailed analysis of the relevant
| security          threats for the NSIS working group. It provides
| motivatation behind  	  the various security considerations in the NSIS
| Requirements and Framework  	  documents. This document is not meant to
| describe potential vulnerabilities  	  of specific NSIS protocols, but
| provide input into protocol design to 	  ensure security considerations
| are well thought out prior to design
|
| 2) Section 1
|
| There probably is not a need to diagram the different NSIS documents, a
| bulleted list might be enough.
|
| 3) Terminology shouldn't be a seperate section, perhaps a sub-section.
| Are you sure there is no security-specific terminology that should be
| added here? IKE, S/MIME, IPsec, SA probably should be expanded.
|
| 4) General comment: blank lines between paragraphs are missing in many
| places.
|
| 5) A summary might be a nice touch at the end.
|
| thanks,
| John
|
| _______________________________________________
| nsis mailing list
| nsis@ietf.org
| https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



Martin Stiemerling

NEC Europe Ltd. -- Network Laboratories  Stiemerling@ccrle.nec.de
IPv4: http://www.ccrle.nec.de  IPv6: http://www.ipv6.ccrle.nec.de

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 19:32:10 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 00:29:44 +0100
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hi john,

> Some random thoughts / comments. I've clipped the bits of your
> mail that I am replying to, complete email is left unmolested.

and it is grateful for that...

> 
> > 1. The single most important issue seems to me to be how the
> > 'core' transport functions should be provided. 
> 
> Perhaps you should define what you mean by 'core' transport functions.

i suppose the most objective definition would actually be 'the difficult
ones', i.e. ones which are hard to define correctly, but which are
already provided in other protocols. 

head of my list would be congestion control and DoS protection (from
initialisation floods). Message number management (including non-cryptographic
replay protection) can also be tricky.

Fragmentation/reassembly (and the associated PMTU discovery), multiplexing,
and (optionally) selective reliability and flow control would probably come
into several people's core list; however, I think of them as more just
'nice to be given' since they aren't so hard to design oneself given the
other functionality described above - you don't need several decades' worth 
of experience just to avoid making horrendous errors. (Maybe fragmentation/
reassembly is a borderline case here - it's interesting that the DCCP people
left it out.)

> 
> > It may be that (b) is ruled out by the terms of John's 'Starting
> > NTLP Work' slide from San Francisco, but I can't see that the others
> > are. 
> 
> (b) is ruled out by our charter.  If we want a clean sheet approach,
> we need to demonstate why something like 2205+2961 is not sufficient
> for the task at hand.
> 
> > So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is 
> > impossible using a fully reliable transport; 
> 
> Using a fully reliable transport option as a starting point requires 
> proof that reliable transport is needed.  I have yet to see good
> justification that a relaible transport is required.  My gut 
> feeling is that we start with a connectionless protocol and see how & 
> if a connection-oriented protocol can be supported.

Whether or not this is true, it's orthogonal (i.e. irrelevant) to the
point I was making: if you want to re-use an existing transport, you
probably can't retain having a PATH-like message if you reuse an existing
reliable transport (regardless of whether or not you want its reliability
properties). But you could re-use an unreliable transport. 

r.

As an aside, what exactly do you mean by 'connectionless' and
'connection-oriented'? Are you using them as synonyms for 'unreliable'
and 'reliable'? Or do you mean connectionless as 'holding no per-peer state'?
Is 2961 connectionless in your book? (It has selective reliability and
manages per-peer state, after all.)

> 
> John
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ext Hancock, Robert [mailto:robert.hancock@roke.co.uk]
> > Sent: 10 July, 2003 12:50
> > To: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
> > 
> > 
> > Dear All,
> > 
> > I have some questions & observations about how we are proceeding
> > with the NTLP design process. (Most of them have been stimulated
> > in fact by reading Melinda's draft-shore-..., but the one I 
> > consider most important/interesting is actually pretty general,
> > and I've put it at the start.) I have been out of the office for 
> > a few days and am not fully up to date with the recent mailing list
> > discussions, so apologies in advance if any of what follows is
> > redundant with that.
> > 
> > 1. The single most important issue seems to me to be how the
> > 'core' transport functions should be provided. I can see (at
> > least) 4 options -
> > a) take existing protocol components straight out of 2205+2961, 
> > re-arrange them in the NSIS layer model, and add pieces for 
> > additional functionality needed.
> > b) do (a) but starting from a clean sheet, i.e. a new 'path coupled
> > transport protocol'.
> > c) build the NTLP out of an existing transport protocol, and live 
> > with a separated signalling transport and route discovery 
> > process.
> > d) do (c) but trying to keep the ability to have unified 
> > transport and route discovery (like PATH does today).
> > 
> > It may be that (b) is ruled out by the terms of John's 'Starting
> > NTLP Work' slide from San Francisco, but I can't see that the others
> > are. I feel that we need to bottom out this question before really
> > getting into the details of protocol design (message formats and
> > so on), since the 'shape' of the protocol depends so strongly on
> > it.
> > 
> > Just for the record, let me say that I can see the attraction of 
> > (a) in terms of providing a conceptual starting point. However, I
> > have a suspicion that extra functionality - fragmentation, 
> > better congestion control, protection against 
> > denial-of-service attacks, pmtu discovery,
> > and so on - will be hard for us to design and hard to build into
> > the protocol in a nice way. (Another side effect of approach (a)
> > might well be that the NTLP inherits functionality which was 
> > natural in 2961 - like message summarisation, awareness of 
> > signalling application state - which shouldn't logically be there.)
> > 
> > On the other hand, I am not blind to the issues with (c), mainly
> > the need for a separate discovery procedure. I suspect it's 
> > impossible to provide a proof (which satisfies everyone) that this
> > doesn't matter.
> > 
> > So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is 
> > impossible using a fully reliable transport; however, I'm now
> > pretty (90%) sure that something sensible can be done by
> > re-using DCCP, and selectively layering reliability on top
> > (where needed). (You could also use a different congestion response,
> > like TFRC, which might be nice. In fact, DCCP seems to have *lots*
> > of nice features...)
> > 
> > 2. In earlier days of the WG, we were careful to consider the
> > problems of signalling going through clouds which were not pure
> > IP DA routed (see also recent discussion on this list about
> > Allison's comments on the requirements). So, I'm nervous about
> > protocol designs which assume that the IP DA fully defines the
> > route taken by a flow (i.e. this is all you need in the PATH-like
> > message). [Even RSVP uses both the flow SA and DA in PATH messages.]
> > 
> > In fact, we have up to now had an object in the framework (the
> > flow id, maybe a better name would be 'flow routing information')
> > which supposedly exposed at the NTLP level all the information 
> > needed to work out where to send a signalling packet. In addition,
> > this object could be processed at an NTLP-aware NAT to provide
> > a traversal service for most signalling applications. I'd be 
> > interested to know if people think this should actually be reflected
> > in NTLP design (or, if they think it is just a terminally silly 
> > idea - in which case I can take it out of the framework as well).
> > 
> > 3. Just for the avoidance of confusion, the NSIS framework as
> > currently defined has no concept of message identifiers (global
> > or local), regarding them as purely internal. The thing it calls
> > the session id (possibly referred to as flow-id in the Shore draft)
> > identifies an application layer session.
> > 
> > See you in Vienna,
> > 
> > Robert H.
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> > 
> 

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Hi all,

I asked Brian Carpenter to look over the NTLP proposals, in preperation
for Vienna.

Here is is quick review.

br,
John

> I see these as partly complementary and partly competing. Henning
> gives more of an overview whereas Melinda gives a first cut at
> a detailed spec. The question is whether the requirements implied
> by Henning can be met by morphing the details proposed by Melinda,
> or whether the distance is too great and you really have two
> irreconcilable drafts. I'm not sure about that. I certainly think
> Henning is correct to consider using either a reliable transport
> or not; everyone who tries to bypass TCP ends up partially
> recreating it. There's not the slightest reason Melinda's TLVs
> couldn't travel over TCP or SCTP. The killer overhead is likely
> to be crypto in any case.
>=20
> I think there is scope for combining the two efforts but that
> would need the two authors to agree on the implied requirements
> and on the point about the transport layer. (I do agree with
> Henning that it's a misnomer to call this thing a transport layer.
> Better to call it what it is, a session support layer.)
>=20
> Now a few specific comments on each draft:
>=20
> draft-shore-ntlp
>=20
> A classical TLV approach. If we accept the basic parameters of NSIS
> this is the "obvious" way to go. (I don't mean to trivialize the work
> by writing this, but this is the traditional approach and the details
> hardly matter at this level of discussion).
>=20
> I'd like to see some specific discussion of NAT-PT traversal=20
> and how it
> will work in this scenario and in IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel scenarios.
>=20
> I'm worried by the complete lack of security analysis at a stage when
> basics have been set. Without the threat model I have no idea whether
> there is a problem.
>=20
> How does it work in SCTP or multihoming scenarios when=20
> multiple IP addresses
> may be involved? Do we assume that each time the path=20
> changes, NTLP is back to
> square one?
>=20
> draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp (gimps)
>=20
> This is still an abstract protocol description with details=20
> to be worked out.
>=20
> > GIMPS can operate over any message or stream-oriented=20
> transport layer,=20
> > including UDP, DCCP, TCP and SCTP. [TBD: support raw IP?]=20
>=20
> I like. This feature is better than draft-shore, but=20
> multihoming should
> also be discussed.
>=20
> >     Proxy support:
> > The end systems in a session may not be capable of handling=20
> either the=20
> > signaling transport or the application and may instead rely=20
> on proxies=20
> > to initiate and terminate signaling sessions.
>=20
> This is also a good feature, but the absence of NAT considerations is
> a major shortfall.
>=20
> As with draft-shore, I'd like to see discussion of mixed=20
> IPv4/IPv6 scenarios.
>=20
> I'm glad to see the security discussion but very concerned=20
> about the performance
> implications of crypto protection on a hop by hop basis. As=20
> for other fields
> that need to be examined at every hop, crypto calculations=20
> may simply be
> out of the question.
>=20
>    Brian
>=20
>=20
>=20

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John, all,

after having read draft-buchli-nsis-nslp and =
draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp I asked myself whether we shouldn't draft =
QoS-NSLP requirements before we start to work on solutions. If we can =
agree to proceed with a QoS NSLP requirements draft, I'd further =
appreciate to separate "mandatory" and "nice to have" features.

Some impressions I've collected:
draft-buchli-nsis-nslp is rather general and leaves open many questions =
(security and aggregation, to name two).
draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp suggests a flexible (and complex) generic =
qos signaling protocol. It contains information on security (relation =
to the remainder of the document is not clear) and aggregation =
(suggests e.g. IP in IP tunnels, if I got that correctly). It supports =
options like service & resource negotiation and service mapping. I'd =
prefer to see some application developer/ISP demand for these before =
they get part of a protocol. This is not to say that I'd object to a =
protocol which may be extended to support them.

I'm currently not looking for a detailed discussion on either document. =
I'm aware of the westberg-nslp draft which I'll try to read before the =
meeting.

Regards & see you in Vienna,=20

R=FCdiger =20

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Reply-to: john.loughney@nokia.com
To: "ext Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] making progress on QoS NSLPs
Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 17:04:19 +0300
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Hi R=C3=BCdiger,
I ugh that may be a good point. Let's discuss this in Veinna. I favour =
focussing on a limited set of features.

John

-- original message --
Subject:	[NSIS] making progress on QoS NSLPs
From:	"ext Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
Date:		11th July 2003 3:41:42 pm

John, all,

after having read draft-buchli-nsis-nslp and draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp I =
asked myself whether we shouldn't draft QoS-NSLP requirements before we =
start to work on solutions. If we can agree to proceed with a QoS NSLP =
requirements draft, I'd further appreciate to separate "mandatory" and =
"nice to have" features.

Some impressions I've collected:
draft-buchli-nsis-nslp is rather general and leaves open many questions =
(security and aggregation, to name two).
draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp suggests a flexible (and complex) generic qos =
signaling protocol. It contains information on security (relation to the =
remainder of the document is not clear) and aggregation (suggests e.g. IP =
in IP tunnels, if I got that correctly). It supports options like service & =
resource negotiation and service mapping. I'd prefer to see some =
application developer/ISP demand for these before they get part of a =
protocol. This is not to say that I'd object to a protocol which may be =
extended to support them.

I'm currently not looking for a detailed discussion on either document. I'm =
aware of the westberg-nslp draft which I'll try to read before the =
meeting.

Regards & see you in Vienna,=20

R=C3=BCdiger =20


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jul 11 12:26:29 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: "'john.loughney@nokia.com'" <john.loughney@nokia.com>,
        "ext Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] making progress on QoS NSLPs
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john, ruediger,

I also suspect it's a bit late for a starting a detailed
discussion on the mailing list. However, some of the points here
are interesting because they match the open issues which we
have been identifying internally.

The main issue raised is about flexibility/genericity. I'd stress
that in draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp we didn't set out to build
a complex protocol, we set out to build a simple protocol that
could be used in complex ways if network engineers wanted to do
so. So, there's no protocol element specifically for service mapping
or negotiation (for example), and only minimal resource negotiation;
however, if you want to use these facilities in a complex way, that's
up to the definition of the QoS model in use and the energy of the
implementor. In layering terms, this means we have a 'thin' (and
flexible) NSLP, which could support thin or thick QoS models.
Other people have taken the opposite approach, of having an NSLP
which defines a more detailed and rich abstraction of QoS signalling,
and a thinner QoS model definition above.

What would I say are the major sources of complexity? In order, they
are probably:

*) the fact that we don't want to hard code a definition of what QoS
is and how it should be requested and reserved (what we call a
"QoS model" in the draft). The unknown nature of the QoS model prevents
us leaving things out. For example, if we knew that QoS was always
described by something with the properties of a 2205 Tspec and that
the signalling pattern was OPWA (like RSVP) or just one-pass sender
initiated, this would make the description of possible protocol =
operation
*far* simpler (even though the protocol itself might not change much). =
Not
specfiying a single QoS model is I think a (sensible) charter
restriction, but the consequence is flexibility (and maybe complexity)
in the protocol.

*) supporting sender and receiver initiation and proxy operation. This
comes basically from the requirements.

*) supporting stateless interior nodes robustly.=20

Aggregation (we looked at general tunnel support as well as 3175-style
aggregation) as well as route change support in the end didn't seem so
complex - what is in the draft are examples of how the base protocol =
can be
used
to support these functions, there is very little specific needed for =
them.

BTW, I'm not really clear why we would want something different from=20
the current WG document as a requirements draft for the QoS NSLP. After =
all,
one of the main complaints about the overall req. draft was that it was =
too
specific
to QoS in the first place.

[I recall, after our 20-hour side meeting on NSIS requirements=20
at IETF#53, joking that we might still be having the same discussion =
the
next time we were back in Minneapolis. Maybe that was premature.]

cheers,

robert h.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 11, 2003 15:04
> To: ext Geib, Ruediger
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] making progress on QoS NSLPs
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Hi R=C3=BCdiger,
> I ugh that may be a good point. Let's discuss this in Veinna.=20
> I favour focussing on a limited set of features.
>=20
> John
>=20
> -- original message --
> Subject:	[NSIS] making progress on QoS NSLPs
> From:	"ext Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
> Date:		11th July 2003 3:41:42 pm
>=20
> John, all,
>=20
> after having read draft-buchli-nsis-nslp and=20
> draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp I asked myself whether we=20
> shouldn't draft QoS-NSLP requirements before we start to work=20
> on solutions. If we can agree to proceed with a QoS NSLP=20
> requirements draft, I'd further appreciate to separate=20
> "mandatory" and "nice to have" features.
>=20
> Some impressions I've collected:
> draft-buchli-nsis-nslp is rather general and leaves open many=20
> questions (security and aggregation, to name two).
> draft-mcdonald-nsis-qos-nslp suggests a flexible (and=20
> complex) generic qos signaling protocol. It contains=20
> information on security (relation to the remainder of the=20
> document is not clear) and aggregation (suggests e.g. IP in=20
> IP tunnels, if I got that correctly). It supports options=20
> like service & resource negotiation and service mapping. I'd=20
> prefer to see some application developer/ISP demand for these=20
> before they get part of a protocol. This is not to say that=20
> I'd object to a protocol which may be extended to support them.
>=20
> I'm currently not looking for a detailed discussion on either=20
> document. I'm aware of the westberg-nslp draft which I'll try=20
> to read before the meeting.
>=20
> Regards & see you in Vienna,=20
>=20
> R=C3=BCdiger =20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

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from draft-westberg-nsis-rsvp-as-ntlp-01.txt
" The Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVPv1) has been on the standards
   track within the IETF for a number of years.  During that time, the
   level of vendor support and deployment has been relatively slow,
   despite the desire of many to deploy technology to deliver services
   with different levels of quality of service (QoS) to their customers.
   The reasons for this are arguably well-understood and documented and
   are not the focus of this memo."

Are the QoS deployment issues described correctly on this document? Or is
document out-of-date?
[RFC2990] G. Huston, Next Steps for the IP QoS Architecture, November 2000.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2990.txt?number=2990

If that is the case, this document maybe a good reference to your draft.  As
you said, the reasons are probably 
well-understood.  It would be nice to have a pointer with documentation for
the reasons of
slow QoS deployment though.

Cheers,

Alejandro Avella


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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">from draft-westberg-nsis-rsvp-as-ntlp-01.t=
xt</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&quot; The Resource ReSerVation Protocol =
(RSVPv1) has been on the standards</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;&nbsp; track within the IETF for a =
number of years.&nbsp; During that time, the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;&nbsp; level of vendor support and =
deployment has been relatively slow,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;&nbsp; despite the desire of many t=
o deploy technology to deliver services</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;&nbsp; with different levels of qua=
lity of service (QoS) to their customers.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;&nbsp; The reasons for this are arg=
uably well-understood and documented and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&nbsp;&nbsp; are not the focus of this me=
mo.&quot;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Are the QoS deployment issues described co=
rrectly on this document? Or is document out-of-date?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">[RFC2990] G. Huston, Next Steps for the I=
P QoS Architecture, November 2000. <A HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc29=
90.txt?number=3D2990" TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2990.txt=
?number=3D2990</A></FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">If that is the case, this document maybe a=
 good reference to your draft.&nbsp; As you said, the reasons are probably =
</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">well-understood.&nbsp; It would be nice t=
o have a pointer with documentation for the reasons of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">slow QoS deployment though.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Cheers,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Alejandro Avella</FONT>
</P>

<CODE><FONT SIZE=3D3><BR>
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Subject: [NSIS] tenet reference on Analysis draft
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Page 20, Section 6.1
I couldn't find a reference for tenet on the document, What about using this
one:

Anindo Banerjea, Domenico Ferrari, Bruce A. Mah, Mark Moran, Dinesh C.
Verma, Hui Zhang
The Tenet Real-Time Protocol Suite: Design, Implementation, and Experiences
(1996) 
IEEE ACM Transactions on Networking
http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/banerjea96tenet.html

Alejandro Avella


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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Page 20, Section 6.1</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I couldn't find a reference for tenet on =
the document, What about using this one:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Anindo Banerjea, Domenico Ferrari, Bruce A=
. Mah, Mark Moran, Dinesh C. Verma, Hui Zhang</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">The Tenet Real-Time Protocol Suite: Desig=
n, Implementation, and Experiences (1996) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">IEEE ACM Transactions on Networking</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial"><A HREF=3D"http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/ban=
erjea96tenet.html" TARGET=3D"_blank">http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/banerjea96t=
enet.html</A></FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Alejandro Avella</FONT>
</P>

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Hancock, Robert wrote:
> 
> Just for the record, let me say that I can see the attraction of 
> (a) in terms of providing a conceptual starting point. However, I
> have a suspicion that extra functionality - fragmentation, better congestion control, protection against denial-of-service attacks, pmtu discovery,
> and so on - will be hard for us to design and hard to build into
> the protocol in a nice way. (Another side effect of approach (a)
> might well be that the NTLP inherits functionality which was 
> natural in 2961 - like message summarisation, awareness of 
> signalling application state - which shouldn't logically be there.)

Agreed. 2961 suffered a bit from being a catch-all clean-up effort that 
commingled a number of separate problems, I believe more for historical 
reasons (they all appeared at roughly the same time, after people had 
had a bit of RSVP implementation experience), than technical reasons.

> 
> On the other hand, I am not blind to the issues with (c), mainly
> the need for a separate discovery procedure. I suspect it's 
> impossible to provide a proof (which satisfies everyone) that this
> doesn't matter.

I would find a logical separation that allows determining the next hop 
as a by-product a good compromise. It does not reduce performance, but 
allows the "swapping out" if the need should arise in the future.


> 
> So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is 
> impossible using a fully reliable transport; however, I'm now
> pretty (90%) sure that something sensible can be done by
> re-using DCCP, and selectively layering reliability on top
> (where needed). (You could also use a different congestion response,
> like TFRC, which might be nice. In fact, DCCP seems to have *lots*
> of nice features...)

Definitely a possible choice. I'm not convinced it has to be the only 
one. I'm somewhat perplexed by the reliability issue. I can't see how a 
reasonable QoS mechanism, for example, can be built without fast 
hop-by-hop recovery, where reasonable includes a call setup time that 
falls within the well-known human factors limits of post-"dial" delays.


> 
> 2. In earlier days of the WG, we were careful to consider the
> problems of signalling going through clouds which were not pure
> IP DA routed (see also recent discussion on this list about
> Allison's comments on the requirements). So, I'm nervous about
> protocol designs which assume that the IP DA fully defines the
> route taken by a flow (i.e. this is all you need in the PATH-like
> message). [Even RSVP uses both the flow SA and DA in PATH messages.]

I think we discussed this trade-off in a few previous meetings. The 
choices all seem uniformly bad under some circumstances.

> 
> In fact, we have up to now had an object in the framework (the
> flow id, maybe a better name would be 'flow routing information')
> which supposedly exposed at the NTLP level all the information 
> needed to work out where to send a signalling packet. In addition,
> this object could be processed at an NTLP-aware NAT to provide
> a traversal service for most signalling applications. I'd be 
> interested to know if people think this should actually be reflected
> in NTLP design (or, if they think it is just a terminally silly 
> idea - in which case I can take it out of the framework as well).

It is probably still somewhat vague what this is meant to be. Can I take 
this to mean "simple flow descriptor", basically the 5-tuple + IPv6 flow 
ID + DSCP?







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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:


> (b) is ruled out by our charter.  If we want a clean sheet approach,
> we need to demonstate why something like 2205+2961 is not sufficient
> for the task at hand.

Didn't we have this discussion, at length, in the context of 
fragmentation, flow control and congestion control, on this very list?

> 
> 
>>So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is 
>>impossible using a fully reliable transport; 
> 
> 
> Using a fully reliable transport option as a starting point requires 
> proof that reliable transport is needed.  I have yet to see good
> justification that a relaible transport is required.  My gut feeling is that
> we start with a connectionless protocol and see how & if a connection-oriented
> protocol can be supported.

That sounds familiar... I think this discussion would be helped if the 
word "reliable" is made a bit more precise.




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Brian, thanks for your comments. Mostly questions in-line.

john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

>>I think there is scope for combining the two efforts but that
>>would need the two authors to agree on the implied requirements
>>and on the point about the transport layer. (I do agree with
>>Henning that it's a misnomer to call this thing a transport layer.
>>Better to call it what it is, a session support layer.)

I still think we're doing messaging at the core, from hop to hop, each 
with its own properties. I agree that the transport name evokes 
similarities that aren't apt - we are not building a multi-hop transport 
mechanism with intermediaries, but rather a chain of 
application-appropriate hop behavior.


>>draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp (gimps)
>>

>>I like. This feature is better than draft-shore, but 
>>multihoming should
>>also be discussed.

I wonder (in general) whether multi-homing and mobility are close 
cousins in this area. Can you identify how "source or destination uses 
different network layer addresses" and "source or destination changes 
network layer addresses" differ? Is one the more general version of the 
other or do we need to treat them separately? I think multihoming is a 
topic that has received almost no discussion in this group, while 
mobility has.

>>This is also a good feature, but the absence of NAT considerations is
>>a major shortfall.

To be added. There seem to be two types of NAT behaviors: NTLP-aware 
NATs that can munge bits

>>
>>As with draft-shore, I'd like to see discussion of mixed 
>>IPv4/IPv6 scenarios.

Can we constrain the transition mechanisms or should all be covered?

>>
>>I'm glad to see the security discussion but very concerned 
>>about the performance
>>implications of crypto protection on a hop by hop basis. As 
>>for other fields
>>that need to be examined at every hop, crypto calculations 
>>may simply be
>>out of the question.

This is clearly optional, but I don't see why symmetric crypto, as in 
IPsec or TLS, would be a big deal for anything but the multi-hundred 
Mb/s signaling channel. I agree that having to do key exchange for every 
session, with its public key operations, is likely to be a bear, so 
'restart' (for TLS) is a minimum.  As Michael Thomas has pointed out, 
this may not be a mode we need all that much, although I can think of a 
few cases where transport integrity protection would be useful, as they 
might be significantly cheaper than message-based (NSLP) crypto like CMS 
operations. One such example is network diagnostics where the querier 
wants to keep the results private from external listeners, but doesn't 
want to configure shared secrets in all routers.





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below...

Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
> 
> Brian, thanks for your comments. Mostly questions in-line.
> 
> john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
> 
> >>I think there is scope for combining the two efforts but that
> >>would need the two authors to agree on the implied requirements
> >>and on the point about the transport layer. (I do agree with
> >>Henning that it's a misnomer to call this thing a transport layer.
> >>Better to call it what it is, a session support layer.)
> 
> I still think we're doing messaging at the core, from hop to hop, each
> with its own properties. I agree that the transport name evokes
> similarities that aren't apt - we are not building a multi-hop transport
> mechanism with intermediaries, but rather a chain of
> application-appropriate hop behavior.
> 
> >>draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp (gimps)
> >>
> 
> >>I like. This feature is better than draft-shore, but
> >>multihoming should
> >>also be discussed.
> 
> I wonder (in general) whether multi-homing and mobility are close
> cousins in this area. Can you identify how "source or destination uses
> different network layer addresses" and "source or destination changes
> network layer addresses" differ? Is one the more general version of the
> other or do we need to treat them separately? I think multihoming is a
> topic that has received almost no discussion in this group, while
> mobility has.

Well, Mobile IP is certainly in the set of solutions that don't quite
solve the multihoming problem (excuse the sarcastic tone, but we really
do have a challenge in meeting all the conflicting requirements for
multihoming, hence the churn in the multi6 WG). So there is linkage, but
the scenarios are not isomorphic.
> 
> >>This is also a good feature, but the absence of NAT considerations is
> >>a major shortfall.
> 
> To be added. There seem to be two types of NAT behaviors: NTLP-aware
> NATs that can munge bits
> 
> >>
> >>As with draft-shore, I'd like to see discussion of mixed
> >>IPv4/IPv6 scenarios.
> 
> Can we constrain the transition mechanisms or should all be covered?

All is at least twelve mechanisms, so I don't think you want to go there.
But at least the basic dual stack, IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels, and ugly NAT/PT 
could be covered.
> 
> >>
> >>I'm glad to see the security discussion but very concerned
> >>about the performance
> >>implications of crypto protection on a hop by hop basis. As
> >>for other fields
> >>that need to be examined at every hop, crypto calculations
> >>may simply be
> >>out of the question.
> 
> This is clearly optional, but I don't see why symmetric crypto, as in
> IPsec or TLS, would be a big deal for anything but the multi-hundred
> Mb/s signaling channel. I agree that having to do key exchange for every
> session, with its public key operations, is likely to be a bear, so
> 'restart' (for TLS) is a minimum.  As Michael Thomas has pointed out,
> this may not be a mode we need all that much, although I can think of a
> few cases where transport integrity protection would be useful, as they
> might be significantly cheaper than message-based (NSLP) crypto like CMS
> operations. One such example is network diagnostics where the querier
> wants to keep the results private from external listeners, but doesn't
> want to configure shared secrets in all routers.

In any case I think you need to discuss whether crypto overhead is
a significant concern. Also whether IPSEC flows can actually get
useful benefit from an NSIS environment which they can't get from RSVP).

   Brian

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Brian E Carpenter wrote:


> Well, Mobile IP is certainly in the set of solutions that don't quite
> solve the multihoming problem (excuse the sarcastic tone, but we really
> do have a challenge in meeting all the conflicting requirements for
> multihoming, hence the churn in the multi6 WG). So there is linkage, but
> the scenarios are not isomorphic.

You're extrapolating :-) I wasn't specifically talking about mobile IP, 
but the general problem that a node changes IP addresses (which mobile 
IP may then hide from, say, TCP). For example, in some versions of 
application-layer mobility, there is no mobile IP at all, but rather, 
changes in IP address are signaled at the application layer. At least 
with binding updates, the path would change.



> In any case I think you need to discuss whether crypto overhead is
> a significant concern. Also whether IPSEC flows can actually get
> useful benefit from an NSIS environment which they can't get from RSVP).

Your comment seems to reflect a view of IPsec as an NSIS *user*; I was 
thinking of the inverse - NSIS as an IPsec (or TLS) user to protect the 
upper-layer signaling information from intercept and modification.

> 
>    Brian



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hi all,

i have compiled some thoughts on ntlp security. please see below:

ciao
hannes

----------------------------------------------------------

NTLP Security Considerations
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D

1. Introduction

Based on the discussions at the IETF #56 NSIS working group meeting two n=
ew=20
NTLP proposals have been submitted (see [1] and [2]).

The architectural two-layer split into an NTLP (a generic transport=20
mechanism) and an NSLP part (the NSLP part contains the application speci=
fic=20
signaling payloads). Although this layer split (with regard to security) =
was=20
already introduced with policy-aware and policy-ignorant nodes in RSVP, t=
he=20
question was raised what type of security should be enforced at which lay=
er.

There is conconsus that

- at least some authorization decisions should be handled specific for=20
certain applications.

- non peer-to-peer security must be handled at the application layer

Some members, however, believe that security protection for the signaling=
=20
messages at the NTLP layer is not necessary.

It should be noted that the introduction of the two-layer split might cau=
se=20
that signaling messages traversing n NTLP nodes whereby only m of these=20
nodes (possibly with m<<n) support the required NSLP functionality requir=
ed.

Goal of this document is to describe some threats against the NTLP protoc=
ol.=20
The reader should by itself decide whether these threats require=20
countermeasures.

Some architectural questions might also influence the decisions - these=20
architectural decisions are, however, not described in this document (TBD=
:=20
future version).

2. Protocol Vulnerabilities

Analysing the protocol proposal [1] and [2] the following protocol=20
vulnerabilities are apparent:

- Force NTLP node todo more processing

Some protocol fields (such as epoch or MESSAGE_ID in [1]) allow an advers=
ary=20
to force an NTLP node todo more processing. Additionally it might be able=
 to=20
interfear with the conguestion control procedure.

Furthermore it might be possible to force other entities to cause some=20
additional actions or signaling message exchanges.

- Flooding

An adversary might benefit from flooding an NTLP node with messages which=
=20
must be stored (e.g. due to fragmentation handling) before detecting the=20
correctness of signaling messages.

It was also noticed that a large number of small NTLP messages might requ=
ire=20
a large amount of CPU processing since the processing of Router Alert=20
messages is highly inefficient (additional CPU processing due to the cont=
ext=20
switching).

- Terminate signaling

Unprotected error messages allow an adversary to delete NTLP state (and=20
possibly NSLP state) when returned unprotected.

- Combined discovery and signaling message delivery

Combining discovery together with signaling message delivery prevents usa=
ge=20
of security mechanisms (even at the NSLP layer). Furthermore it does not=20
allow summary refreshes to be used in the expected way since the summary=20
refresh assumes knowledge about the recepient.

- Create NTLP state

An RSVP path-alike message allows an adversary to create NTLP state at a=20
number of NSIS nodes along the path. This might be seen as an amplificati=
on=20
attack.

- Modification to the HOP address

When an RSVP path-alike signaling message is intercepted by an NTLP node =
the=20
HOP address is stored in the NTLP state table. This allows an adversary t=
o=20
change routing of NTLP (and therefore NSLP messages). This might either l=
ead=20
to messages routed to unreachable IP addresses or to other NSIS nodes or =
to=20
the adversary itself.

- Modification of the refresh period

An adversary changing the refresh period is able to control the rate at=20
which refresh messages are expected. Together with bogus state creation=20
messages this might allow an adversary to store state much longer resulti=
ng=20
in a more effective DoS attack.

Reducing the refresh interval causes NTLP nodes to expect refresh message=
s=20
at a higher rate. This might cause state timeouts due to the absence of=20
refresh messages.

- Teardown NTLP state

The NTLP protocol defines different operations on the NTLP state. One of=20
this operation allows to delete NTLP state information. An adversary can=20
issue a teardown message in both direction. A RSVP path-alike teardown=20
message might restrict the location of the adversary whereas the RSVP=20
resv-alike teardown message can be initiated from any location to any NTL=
P=20
node along the path.

The implications of deleted NTLP has implications for NSLPs (e.g. reverse=
=20
routing is not possible if reverse routing information is not present).

- Session Ownership

Including the session identifier into the NTLP might be exploited by an=20
adversary as described in [3].

- Flow ID modification

It was mentioned that the inclusion of the flow identifier in the NTLP=20
allows NAT aware NTLPs to perform address translation independent of the=20
NSLP. It needs to be verified whether the inclusion of the flow identifie=
r=20
for the purpose of network address translation helps in all cases. As an=20
other alternative it is necessary to enable NATs to understand all NSLP=20
protocols.

In any case if a flow identifier is included in the NTLP (unprotected) th=
en=20
an adversary is able to modify the flow identifier to e.g. make QoS=20
reservations inefficient, exploit if for other purposes (e.g. theft of=20
service), for DoS attacks etc. The same implications can be considered in=
=20
case of NAT/firewall signaling.

3. Summary


As a summary it is possible to add, modify and delete any state informati=
on=20
available. This might cause NSLP signaling to become ineffective or to=20
abort. Various denial of service attacks are possible.

4. References

[1]  M. Shore: "The NSIS Transport Layer Protocol (NTLP)",=20
<draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt>, (work in progress), May 2003.

[2] H. Schulzrinne: "GIMPS: General Internet Messaging Protocol for=20
Signaling" <draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00.txt>, (work in progress), June=
=20
2003.

[3] H. Tschofenig, et al.: "Security Implications of the Session=20
Identifier", <draft-tschofenig-nsis-sid-00.txt>, (work in progress), May=20
2003.

_________________________________________________________________
MSN Hotmail=A0 - =A0Absolut kostenfrei! Der weltweit gr=F6=DFte E-Mail-An=
bieter im=20
Netz:  http://www.msn.de/hotmail


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Message-ID: <3F115F5A.4030201@cs.columbia.edu>
Date: Sun, 13 Jul 2003 09:32:10 -0400
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Organization: Columbia University
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To: Hannes Tschofenig <hannestschofenig@hotmail.com>
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Hannes Tschofenig wrote:


Comments in-line.

> It should be noted that the introduction of the two-layer split might=20
> cause that signaling messages traversing n NTLP nodes whereby only m of=
=20
> these nodes (possibly with m<<n) support the required NSLP functionalit=
y=20
> required.
>=20
> Goal of this document is to describe some threats against the NTLP=20
> protocol. The reader should by itself decide whether these threats=20
> require countermeasures.

It might be helpful to divide these into threats that are particularly=20
serious with non-NSLP-aware nodes and others that affect all nodes equall=
y.

Also, some of these attacks can effectively be prevented or limited by=20
forcing a return-routability test, without a full crypto mechanism. I=20
think it would be helpful to highlight those.

Finally, it would be helpful to classify the attacks by whether they can=20
be perpetrated by a remote third party (without ability to listen) or=20
whether they need the attacker to be able to intercept the messages.=20
Some consider the ability of backbone snooping sufficiently unlikely=20
that those risks may not warrant mitigation.

> - Terminate signaling
>=20
> Unprotected error messages allow an adversary to delete NTLP state (and=
=20
> possibly NSLP state) when returned unprotected.
>=20
> - Combined discovery and signaling message delivery
>=20
> Combining discovery together with signaling message delivery prevents=20
> usage of security mechanisms (even at the NSLP layer). Furthermore it=20

Depends. If NSLP messages are individually integrity-protected with the=20
sender's private key, this may not be the case.


>=20
> - Create NTLP state
>=20
> An RSVP path-alike message allows an adversary to create NTLP state at =
a=20
> number of NSIS nodes along the path. This might be seen as an=20
> amplification attack.

Or an adversary might just do a state-exhaustion attack by creating NTLP=20
state. Here, return routability can help some since one can then limit=20
the number of states that each previous hop can establish.


>=20
> - Modification to the HOP address
>=20
> When an RSVP path-alike signaling message is intercepted by an NTLP nod=
e=20
> the HOP address is stored in the NTLP state table. This allows an=20
> adversary to change routing of NTLP (and therefore NSLP messages). This=
=20
> might either lead to messages routed to unreachable IP addresses or to=20
> other NSIS nodes or to the adversary itself.

Assuming that NSLP services, such as QoS, cost money, I can then route=20
the message to particularly expensive nodes, even though the data=20
doesn't go there. A local reservation in Vienna can take a slight detour=20
via New York, picking up reservation charges along the way. This is=20
particularly helpful if one of the nodes can be located in a small=20
Caribbean Island where the local telco has a cozy relationship with the=20
attacker.


>=20
> - Modification of the refresh period
>=20
> An adversary changing the refresh period is able to control the rate at=
=20
> which refresh messages are expected. Together with bogus state creation=
=20
> messages this might allow an adversary to store state much longer=20
> resulting in a more effective DoS attack.
>=20
> Reducing the refresh interval causes NTLP nodes to expect refresh=20
> messages at a higher rate. This might cause state timeouts due to the=20
> absence of refresh messages.
>=20
> - Teardown NTLP state
>=20
> The NTLP protocol defines different operations on the NTLP state. One o=
f=20
> this operation allows to delete NTLP state information. An adversary ca=
n=20
> issue a teardown message in both direction. A RSVP path-alike teardown=20
> message might restrict the location of the adversary whereas the RSVP=20
> resv-alike teardown message can be initiated from any location to any=20
> NTLP node along the path.
>=20
> The implications of deleted NTLP has implications for NSLPs (e.g.=20
> reverse routing is not possible if reverse routing information is not=20
> present).
>=20
> - Session Ownership
>=20
> Including the session identifier into the NTLP might be exploited by an=
=20
> adversary as described in [3].
>=20
> - Flow ID modification
>=20
> It was mentioned that the inclusion of the flow identifier in the NTLP=20
> allows NAT aware NTLPs to perform address translation independent of th=
e=20
> NSLP. It needs to be verified whether the inclusion of the flow=20
> identifier for the purpose of network address translation helps in all=20
> cases. As an other alternative it is necessary to enable NATs to=20
> understand all NSLP protocols.
>=20
> In any case if a flow identifier is included in the NTLP (unprotected)=20
> then an adversary is able to modify the flow identifier to e.g. make Qo=
S=20
> reservations inefficient, exploit if for other purposes (e.g. theft of=20
> service), for DoS attacks etc. The same implications can be considered=20
> in case of NAT/firewall signaling.
>=20
> 3. Summary
>=20
>=20
> As a summary it is possible to add, modify and delete any state=20
> information available. This might cause NSLP signaling to become=20
> ineffective or to abort. Various denial of service attacks are possible.
>=20
> 4. References
>=20
> [1]  M. Shore: "The NSIS Transport Layer Protocol (NTLP)",=20
> <draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt>, (work in progress), May 2003.
>=20
> [2] H. Schulzrinne: "GIMPS: General Internet Messaging Protocol for=20
> Signaling" <draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00.txt>, (work in progress),=20
> June 2003.
>=20
> [3] H. Tschofenig, et al.: "Security Implications of the Session=20
> Identifier", <draft-tschofenig-nsis-sid-00.txt>, (work in progress), Ma=
y=20
> 2003.
>=20
> _________________________________________________________________
> MSN Hotmail  -  Absolut kostenfrei! Der weltweit gr=F6=DFte E-Mail-Anbi=
eter=20
> im Netz:  http://www.msn.de/hotmail
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Jul 13 10:19:28 2003
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From: "Hannes Tschofenig" <hannestschofenig@hotmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] ntlp security thoughts
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hi henning,

thanks for your quick response.

please find my comments inline:

>From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
>To: Hannes Tschofenig <hannestschofenig@hotmail.com>
>CC: nsis@ietf.org
>Subject: Re: [NSIS] ntlp security thoughts
>Date: Sun, 13 Jul 2003 09:32:10 -0400
>
>Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>
>
>Comments in-line.
>
>>It should be noted that the introduction of the two-layer split might=20
>>cause that signaling messages traversing n NTLP nodes whereby only m of=
=20
>>these nodes (possibly with m<<n) support the required NSLP functionalit=
y=20
>>required.
>>
>>Goal of this document is to describe some threats against the NTLP=20
>>protocol. The reader should by itself decide whether these threats requ=
ire=20
>>countermeasures.
>
>It might be helpful to divide these into threats that are particularly=20
>serious with non-NSLP-aware nodes and others that affect all nodes equal=
ly.

that's certainly true although it is not simple for the following reasons=
:
a) i would need more information on the ntlp behavior with regard to the=20
nslp.
(e.g. would you delete nslp state if you receive an ntlp "teardown" messa=
ge)
b) it might depend on certain nslps (and on the security of them)
c) i would have to rate how harmful certain attacks are
e.g. is flooding (dos) more serious than transmitting a bogus terminate=20
signaling message?

i thought about it for the "security threats for nsis" draft. unfortunate=
ly=20
it is not as easy as it sounds.

i can, however, try it.

>
>Also, some of these attacks can effectively be prevented or limited by=20
>forcing a return-routability test, without a full crypto mechanism. I th=
ink=20
>it would be helpful to highlight those.

certainly. there are some non-crypto mechanisms that prevent certain=20
attacks. i haven't listed possible countermeasures

e.g. deleting state information based on a bogus "teardown" message is=20
problematic.
possible solution: do not support such a message (use soft-state timeout=20
only)

>
>Finally, it would be helpful to classify the attacks by whether they can=
 be=20
>perpetrated by a remote third party (without ability to listen) or wheth=
er=20
>they need the attacker to be able to intercept the messages. Some consid=
er=20
>the ability of backbone snooping sufficiently unlikely that those risks =
may=20
>not warrant mitigation.

true - separating adversaries into off-path an on-path makes sense.
i will add some text.

>
>>- Terminate signaling
>>
>>Unprotected error messages allow an adversary to delete NTLP state (and=
=20
>>possibly NSLP state) when returned unprotected.
>>
>>- Combined discovery and signaling message delivery
>>
>>Combining discovery together with signaling message delivery prevents=20
>>usage of security mechanisms (even at the NSLP layer). Furthermore it
>
>Depends. If NSLP messages are individually integrity-protected with the=20
>sender's private key, this may not be the case.

that is certainly possible but the usage of public key cryptography creat=
es=20
dos attack vulnerabilities.

what prevents an adversary from flooding an nsis node with bogus (randoml=
y=20
generated) messages?
they cause the nsis node to verify the digital signature.

additionally messages get large (certificates, digital signature etc.).

>
>
>>
>>- Create NTLP state
>>
>>An RSVP path-alike message allows an adversary to create NTLP state at =
a=20
>>number of NSIS nodes along the path. This might be seen as an=20
>>amplification attack.
>
>Or an adversary might just do a state-exhaustion attack by creating NTLP=
=20
>state.

yes. i will add it.

>Here, return routability can help some since one can then limit the numb=
er=20
>of states that each previous hop can establish.
>
return routability can help to limit some problems. unfortunately not=20
entirely.

a mobile node at the wireless link can create messages (and he would see =
the=20
response). the return-routability makes it more difficult to mount the=20
attacks (since the adversary has to wait for the response) but does not=20
prevent it.

for an offpath adversary return routability certainly helps.

>
>>
>>- Modification to the HOP address
>>
>>When an RSVP path-alike signaling message is intercepted by an NTLP nod=
e=20
>>the HOP address is stored in the NTLP state table. This allows an=20
>>adversary to change routing of NTLP (and therefore NSLP messages). This=
=20
>>might either lead to messages routed to unreachable IP addresses or to=20
>>other NSIS nodes or to the adversary itself.
>
>Assuming that NSLP services, such as QoS, cost money, I can then route t=
he=20
>message to particularly expensive nodes, even though the data doesn't go=
=20
>there. A local reservation in Vienna can take a slight detour via New Yo=
rk,=20
>picking up reservation charges along the way. This is particularly helpf=
ul=20
>if one of the nodes can be located in a small Caribbean Island where the=
=20
>local telco has a cozy relationship with the attacker.

good idea - sounds like a interesting application :-)

>
>
>>
>>- Modification of the refresh period
>>
>>An adversary changing the refresh period is able to control the rate at=
=20
>>which refresh messages are expected. Together with bogus state creation=
=20
>>messages this might allow an adversary to store state much longer=20
>>resulting in a more effective DoS attack.
>>
>>Reducing the refresh interval causes NTLP nodes to expect refresh messa=
ges=20
>>at a higher rate. This might cause state timeouts due to the absence of=
=20
>>refresh messages.
>>
>>- Teardown NTLP state
>>
>>The NTLP protocol defines different operations on the NTLP state. One o=
f=20
>>this operation allows to delete NTLP state information. An adversary ca=
n=20
>>issue a teardown message in both direction. A RSVP path-alike teardown=20
>>message might restrict the location of the adversary whereas the RSVP=20
>>resv-alike teardown message can be initiated from any location to any N=
TLP=20
>>node along the path.
>>
>>The implications of deleted NTLP has implications for NSLPs (e.g. rever=
se=20
>>routing is not possible if reverse routing information is not present).
>>
>>- Session Ownership
>>
>>Including the session identifier into the NTLP might be exploited by an=
=20
>>adversary as described in [3].
>>
>>- Flow ID modification
>>
>>It was mentioned that the inclusion of the flow identifier in the NTLP=20
>>allows NAT aware NTLPs to perform address translation independent of th=
e=20
>>NSLP. It needs to be verified whether the inclusion of the flow identif=
ier=20
>>for the purpose of network address translation helps in all cases. As a=
n=20
>>other alternative it is necessary to enable NATs to understand all NSLP=
=20
>>protocols.
>>
>>In any case if a flow identifier is included in the NTLP (unprotected)=20
>>then an adversary is able to modify the flow identifier to e.g. make Qo=
S=20
>>reservations inefficient, exploit if for other purposes (e.g. theft of=20
>>service), for DoS attacks etc. The same implications can be considered =
in=20
>>case of NAT/firewall signaling.
>>
>>3. Summary
>>
>>
>>As a summary it is possible to add, modify and delete any state=20
>>information available. This might cause NSLP signaling to become=20
>>ineffective or to abort. Various denial of service attacks are possible.
>>
>>4. References
>>
>>[1]  M. Shore: "The NSIS Transport Layer Protocol (NTLP)",=20
>><draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt>, (work in progress), May 2003.
>>
>>[2] H. Schulzrinne: "GIMPS: General Internet Messaging Protocol for=20
>>Signaling" <draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00.txt>, (work in progress), Ju=
ne=20
>>2003.
>>
>>[3] H. Tschofenig, et al.: "Security Implications of the Session=20
>>Identifier", <draft-tschofenig-nsis-sid-00.txt>, (work in progress), Ma=
y=20
>>2003.
>>
>>_________________________________________________________________
>>MSN Hotmail  -  Absolut kostenfrei! Der weltweit gr=F6=DFte E-Mail-Anbi=
eter im=20
>>Netz:  http://www.msn.de/hotmail
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>nsis mailing list
>>nsis@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>nsis mailing list
>nsis@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis

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Date: Sun, 13 Jul 2003 10:34:53 -0400
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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Hannes Tschofenig wrote:


> that's certainly true although it is not simple for the following reasons:
> a) i would need more information on the ntlp behavior with regard to the 
> nslp.
> (e.g. would you delete nslp state if you receive an ntlp "teardown" 
> message)

I can't see how you can have free-floating NSLP state. This may be 
proposal-specific, but my assumption was that NTLP state is necessary 
for NSLP state. I can't see any disadvantages of this approach, but 
others will likely differ (but I would appreciate concrete benefits of 
allowing this, as it makes a lot of things far more complicated, in my 
view).


> b) it might depend on certain nslps (and on the security of them)
> c) i would have to rate how harmful certain attacks are
> e.g. is flooding (dos) more serious than transmitting a bogus terminate 
> signaling message?

I would only suggest classifying this on a per-attack basis, not 
generically.

> i can, however, try it.

Clearly, in some cases the answer is going to be "it depends".

> e.g. deleting state information based on a bogus "teardown" message is 
> problematic.
> possible solution: do not support such a message (use soft-state timeout 
> only)

This is not a viable option, I'm afraid. If we can't agree on that 
within the working group, we have far bigger problems than worrying 
about DOS attacks, since there won't be any service to deny.

> that is certainly possible but the usage of public key cryptography 
> creates dos attack vulnerabilities.

Unless this has changed, I thought there was some agreement that we will 
need CMS-style PK at NSLP layer since none of the other solutions scale 
cross-domain. Is there another proposal, leaving optimizations for 
specific scenarios aside? I don't think we can make progress if we don't 
admit to certain realities, even if we disagree how often they are 
needed. Maybe we need to hum on such a list such as:

- some applications will need PK crypto at NSLP layer
- some applications will need reliable message delivery
- some messages are going to exceed 500 bytes
etc.

> 
> what prevents an adversary from flooding an nsis node with bogus 
> (randomly generated) messages?
> they cause the nsis node to verify the digital signature.

Nothing. But that's where, say, return-routability allows me to throttle 
a particular host (attacker) and limit the ability of one attacker to 
cause damage. You just stick each peer into its own queue and serve them 
round-robin. That way, an attacker has to compromise lots of hosts to be 
effective.


> 
> additionally messages get large (certificates, digital signature etc.).

Yes, about 5 KB, at minimum, to be precise. Such is life :-)

> a mobile node at the wireless link can create messages (and he would see 
> the response). the return-routability makes it more difficult to mount 
> the attacks (since the adversary has to wait for the response) but does 
> not prevent it.

You are assuming that the wireless link is unprotected. One would hope 
that this is a temporary condition that only afflicts certain current 
implementations. I believe that 3G networks, for example, don't suffer 
from this problem.

>> small Caribbean Island where the local telco has a cozy relationship 
>> with the attacker.
> 
> 
> good idea - sounds like a interesting application :-)

Can one file a business method patent on how to defraud people?

Henning



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Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
> 
> Brian E Carpenter wrote:
> 
> > Well, Mobile IP is certainly in the set of solutions that don't quite
> > solve the multihoming problem (excuse the sarcastic tone, but we really
> > do have a challenge in meeting all the conflicting requirements for
> > multihoming, hence the churn in the multi6 WG). So there is linkage, but
> > the scenarios are not isomorphic.
> 
> You're extrapolating :-) I wasn't specifically talking about mobile IP,
> but the general problem that a node changes IP addresses (which mobile
> IP may then hide from, say, TCP). For example, in some versions of
> application-layer mobility, there is no mobile IP at all, but rather,
> changes in IP address are signaled at the application layer. At least
> with binding updates, the path would change.

Certainly. SCTP is fun to think about in a multihoming world.

> 
> > In any case I think you need to discuss whether crypto overhead is
> > a significant concern. Also whether IPSEC flows can actually get
> > useful benefit from an NSIS environment which they can't get from RSVP).
> 
> Your comment seems to reflect a view of IPsec as an NSIS *user*; I was
> thinking of the inverse - NSIS as an IPsec (or TLS) user to protect the
> upper-layer signaling information from intercept and modification.

Both ways round are interesting.

   Brian

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 14 03:30:32 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Review of NTLP proposals
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Brian, Henning, all,

Up to now I think we have been discussing multihoming rather implicitly,
as something which - along with IP or higher layer mobility - can cause
the general problem that the relationship between application-layer session 
and [micro]flow to be more than just a simple 1:1 relationship. That's what
the session identifier functionality is about.

However, I don't see that the NTLP should have a role in trying to 'solve'
the multihoming problem, because the correct solution almost certainly 
depends on the demands of the signalling application (at the moment, the
framework assumes that handling IP address change is a signalling application
responsibility, essentially for the same reason). The NTLP should think
in terms of single flows defined by fixed N-tuples, and anything cleverer has to
be pushed upstairs, IMHO.

cheers,

Robert h.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Brian E Carpenter [mailto:brian@hursley.ibm.com]
> Sent: Sunday, July 13, 2003 12:59
> To: Henning Schulzrinne
> Cc: john.loughney@nokia.com; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Review of NTLP proposals
> 
> 
> Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
> > 
> > Brian E Carpenter wrote:
> > 
> > > Well, Mobile IP is certainly in the set of solutions that 
> don't quite
> > > solve the multihoming problem (excuse the sarcastic tone, 
> but we really
> > > do have a challenge in meeting all the conflicting 
> requirements for
> > > multihoming, hence the churn in the multi6 WG). So there 
> is linkage, but
> > > the scenarios are not isomorphic.
> > 
> > You're extrapolating :-) I wasn't specifically talking 
> about mobile IP,
> > but the general problem that a node changes IP addresses 
> (which mobile
> > IP may then hide from, say, TCP). For example, in some versions of
> > application-layer mobility, there is no mobile IP at all, 
> but rather,
> > changes in IP address are signaled at the application 
> layer. At least
> > with binding updates, the path would change.
> 
> Certainly. SCTP is fun to think about in a multihoming world.
> 
> > 
> > > In any case I think you need to discuss whether crypto overhead is
> > > a significant concern. Also whether IPSEC flows can actually get
> > > useful benefit from an NSIS environment which they can't 
> get from RSVP).
> > 
> > Your comment seems to reflect a view of IPsec as an NSIS 
> *user*; I was
> > thinking of the inverse - NSIS as an IPsec (or TLS) user to 
> protect the
> > upper-layer signaling information from intercept and modification.
> 
> Both ways round are interesting.
> 
>    Brian
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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Charles Q. Shen wrote:
> Ok, so you are talking about the Synchronization/out of sequence
> problem. Usually it is solved by some kind of messages ID/sequence
> number (e.g., in related routing protocol updates, RSVP refreshes, and
> our RSVP-MIP test-bed). I am not very sure what is the difference
> between the Branch ID you mentioned in your draft from the message ID
> approach. 
> 
Yes, the following terms sound similar:
Epoch (RFC2961) ~ Session ID
Message ID (RFC2961) ~ Branch ID
However, they are not quite the same.

To my understanding, Message ID (together with Epoch) concerns with 
signaling messages between _peering neighbers_, where out-of-order 
problem can come from retransmission/refresh. (Correct me if I'm wrong).
While talking about Branch ID, I meant it (together Session ID) can be 
used for avoiding syncronization of signaling messages along different 
branches (each can consist of multiple hops). This can be generally 
useful for determining end of (explicit) teardown message to forward on 
along the common path.

Thanks,
Xiaoming


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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Review of NTLP proposals
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Hi Robert,

> Up to now I think we have been discussing multihoming rather =
implicitly,
> as something which - along with IP or higher layer mobility - can =
cause
> the general problem that the relationship between application-layer =
session=20
> and [micro]flow to be more than just a simple 1:1 relationship. That's =
what
> the session identifier functionality is about.
>=20
> However, I don't see that the NTLP should have a role in trying to =
'solve'
> the multihoming problem, because the correct solution almost certainly =

> depends on the demands of the signalling application (at the moment, =
the
> framework assumes that handling IP address change is a signalling =
application
> responsibility, essentially for the same reason). The NTLP should =
think
> in terms of single flows defined by fixed N-tuples, and anything =
cleverer has to
> be pushed upstairs, IMHO.

I agree.

John

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Subject: Re: [NSIS] ntlp security thoughts
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hi henning,


>From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
>To: Hannes Tschofenig <hannestschofenig@hotmail.com>
>CC: nsis@ietf.org
>Subject: Re: [NSIS] ntlp security thoughts
>Date: Sun, 13 Jul 2003 10:34:53 -0400
>
>Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>
>
>>that's certainly true although it is not simple for the following reaso=
ns:
>>a) i would need more information on the ntlp behavior with regard to th=
e=20
>>nslp.
>>(e.g. would you delete nslp state if you receive an ntlp "teardown"=20
>>message)
>
>I can't see how you can have free-floating NSLP state. This may be=20
>proposal-specific, but my assumption was that NTLP state is necessary fo=
r=20
>NSLP state. I can't see any disadvantages of this approach, but others w=
ill=20
>likely differ (but I would appreciate concrete benefits of allowing this=
,=20
>as it makes a lot of things far more complicated, in my view).
>

ok. an unprotected ntlp signaling message would then destroy nslp state=20
although you have protection at the nslp layer.


>
>>b) it might depend on certain nslps (and on the security of them)
>>c) i would have to rate how harmful certain attacks are
>>e.g. is flooding (dos) more serious than transmitting a bogus terminate=
=20
>>signaling message?
>
>I would only suggest classifying this on a per-attack basis, not=20
>generically.
>
>>i can, however, try it.
>
>Clearly, in some cases the answer is going to be "it depends".
>
>>e.g. deleting state information based on a bogus "teardown" message is=20
>>problematic.
>>possible solution: do not support such a message (use soft-state timeou=
t=20
>>only)
>
>This is not a viable option, I'm afraid. If we can't agree on that withi=
n=20
>the working group, we have far bigger problems than worrying about DOS=20
>attacks, since there won't be any service to deny.

sounds good to me. that's a "solution" discussion.

>
>>that is certainly possible but the usage of public key cryptography=20
>>creates dos attack vulnerabilities.
>
>Unless this has changed, I thought there was some agreement that we will=
=20
>need CMS-style PK at NSLP layer since none of the other solutions scale=20
>cross-domain.

that's true. however, this type of protection was in addition to the used=
=20
peer-to-peer protection. hence the dos protection is already there.

in addition you might want to establish symmetric keys based on an initia=
l=20
pk-based roundtrip for usage with cms as proposed for diameter.

Is there another proposal, leaving
>optimizations for specific scenarios aside? I don't think we can make=20
>progress if we don't admit to certain realities, even if we disagree how=
=20
>often they are needed. Maybe we need to hum on such a list such as:
>
>- some applications will need PK crypto at NSLP layer
>- some applications will need reliable message delivery
>- some messages are going to exceed 500 bytes
>etc.

sounds ok to me.

>
>>
>>what prevents an adversary from flooding an nsis node with bogus (rando=
mly=20
>>generated) messages?
>>they cause the nsis node to verify the digital signature.
>
>Nothing. But that's where, say, return-routability allows me to throttle=
 a=20
>particular host (attacker) and limit the ability of one attacker to caus=
e=20
>damage. You just stick each peer into its own queue and serve them=20
>round-robin. That way, an attacker has to compromise lots of hosts to be=
=20
>effective.

to prevent dos attacks you commonly add an additional roundtrip. however,=
=20
certain message handling in, for example, rsvp does not allow this=20
procedure. you need to tailor your proposal to support this functionality.

>
>
>>
>>additionally messages get large (certificates, digital signature etc.).
>
>Yes, about 5 KB, at minimum, to be precise. Such is life :-)
>
>>a mobile node at the wireless link can create messages (and he would se=
e=20
>>the response). the return-routability makes it more difficult to mount =
the=20
>>attacks (since the adversary has to wait for the response) but does not=
=20
>>prevent it.
>
>You are assuming that the wireless link is unprotected. One would hope t=
hat=20
>this is a temporary condition that only afflicts certain current=20
>implementations. I believe that 3G networks, for example, don't suffer f=
rom=20
>this problem.

hopefully it will be protected in the near future. it is, however, diffic=
ult=20
to make some assumptions here which are based on architectural decisions.
i mentioned that there are some possible interactions with network access=
=20
authentication.

>
>>>small Caribbean Island where the local telco has a cozy relationship w=
ith=20
>>>the attacker.
>>
>>
>>good idea - sounds like a interesting application :-)
>
>Can one file a business method patent on how to defraud people?
>
...already writing....

ciao
hannes

>Henning
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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>nsis@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis

_________________________________________________________________
Mit dem MSN Messenger eine Reise f=FCr 4 Personen nach Barcelona gewinnen=
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Hannes Tschofenig wrote:

> ok. an unprotected ntlp signaling message would then destroy nslp state 
> although you have protection at the nslp layer.

The only alternative I can see that NTLP state isn't removed until NSLP 
state is, but this doesn't work for the case of NTLP-only nodes.

> sounds good to me. that's a "solution" discussion.

We need to constrain the problem space - it's big enough as is solving 
"real" problems.

> that's true. however, this type of protection was in addition to the 
> used peer-to-peer protection. hence the dos protection is already there.

Peer-to-peer at NTLP or NSLP layer?

> 
> in addition you might want to establish symmetric keys based on an 
> initial pk-based roundtrip for usage with cms as proposed for diameter.

Yes, for state updates (and teardowns) this makes sense. However, I 
think peer-to-peer node (rather than session) tends to scale better, 
given that many signaling sessions may well be relatively short and the 
initial denial-of-service problem.

> to prevent dos attacks you commonly add an additional roundtrip. 
> however, certain message handling in, for example, rsvp does not allow 
> this procedure. you need to tailor your proposal to support this 
> functionality.

Indeed; this seems to be one of the fundamental trade-offs.




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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2003 10:37:45 -0400
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Hi John,

The text conferencing does not seem to be running. Could you please put
the presentation slides online?

Thanks.

Charles

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of john.loughney@nokia.com
> Sent: Monday, July 14, 2003 3:41 AM
> To: robert.hancock@roke.co.uk; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Review of NTLP proposals
> 
> 
> Hi Robert,
> 
> > Up to now I think we have been discussing multihoming rather 
> > implicitly, as something which - along with IP or higher layer 
> > mobility - can cause the general problem that the 
> relationship between 
> > application-layer session and [micro]flow to be more than just a 
> > simple 1:1 relationship. That's what the session identifier 
> > functionality is about.
> > 
> > However, I don't see that the NTLP should have a role in trying to 
> > 'solve' the multihoming problem, because the correct 
> solution almost 
> > certainly depends on the demands of the signalling 
> application (at the 
> > moment, the framework assumes that handling IP address change is a 
> > signalling application responsibility, essentially for the same 
> > reason). The NTLP should think in terms of single flows defined by 
> > fixed N-tuples, and anything cleverer has to be pushed 
> upstairs, IMHO.
> 
> I agree.
> 
> John
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 


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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2003 10:38:52 -0400
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Hi John,

The text conferencing does not seem to be running. Could you please put
the presentation slides online?

Thanks.

Charles

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of john.loughney@nokia.com
> Sent: Monday, July 14, 2003 3:41 AM
> To: robert.hancock@roke.co.uk; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Review of NTLP proposals
> 
> 
> Hi Robert,
> 
> > Up to now I think we have been discussing multihoming rather 
> > implicitly, as something which - along with IP or higher layer 
> > mobility - can cause the general problem that the 
> relationship between 
> > application-layer session and [micro]flow to be more than just a 
> > simple 1:1 relationship. That's what the session identifier 
> > functionality is about.
> > 
> > However, I don't see that the NTLP should have a role in trying to 
> > 'solve' the multihoming problem, because the correct 
> solution almost 
> > certainly depends on the demands of the signalling 
> application (at the 
> > moment, the framework assumes that handling IP address change is a 
> > signalling application responsibility, essentially for the same 
> > reason). The NTLP should think in terms of single flows defined by 
> > fixed N-tuples, and anything cleverer has to be pushed 
> upstairs, IMHO.
> 
> I agree.
> 
> John
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 


_______________________________________________
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Subject: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Hi All,

At today's meeting, Melinda pointed out that in her opinion, reliable =
transport
is not required for NTLP.  R=FCdiger seemed to indicate that there is =
not a
significant cost to NTLP.  Unfortunately, there has been no working =
group
consensus that NTLP will be using reliable transport.  Also, I feel that
R=FCdiger behavior was inappropriate for a professional meeting.  I =
should have
asked R=FCdiger to display more professional courtesy at the mic.

However, my point is that the WG has not come to agreement that NTLP
should use reliable transport.  In fact, there is a significant cost,
in my opinion, in terms of setup time & latency.  I will outline a =
scenario.
Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup some signaling between them.  If TCP
is used as a transport, it is not a simple 3 way handshake that is=20
needed. If A & B are x NTLP hops away, they will need x TCP connections,
which, depending upon implementation, will result a 3 way handshake=20
between x+1 nodes, which is a significant problem.  In addition, needing
to setup TCP connections during fast mobility can also be a problem.

My point is that I do not see the requirement for reliable transport
in NTLP.  If there are parties interested in using reliable transport,
the burden of proof is with them. =20

Please note, that Henning has proposed that there may be some =
advantageous
of using a partially reliable transport mechanism, however, I think
he has planned on providing more details to the list of how this could
be achieved, as it was not completely specified in his draft.

John

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Subject: RE: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2003 20:43:51 +0300
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Hi Henning,

> > Using a fully reliable transport option as a starting point requires =

> > proof that reliable transport is needed.  I have yet to see good
> > justification that a relaible transport is required.  My gut feeling =
is that
> > we start with a connectionless protocol and see how & if a =
connection-oriented
> > protocol can be supported.
>=20
> That sounds familiar... I think this discussion would be helped if the =

> word "reliable" is made a bit more precise.

Perhaps it would make more sense if we just were just direct.  TCP/SCTP
provides connection-oriented functionality + retransmission.  It =
provides
congestion control. It requires a 3 way handshake. =20

For some trivial NSLP applications, retransmission & congestion control
are probably not required, so in that sense, TCP would be overkill. =20

John

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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2003 18:56:43 +0100
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john,

i don't think there is anyone arguing at the moment that *all*=20
signalling should be sent reliably.

so, i'm assuming the question on the table is:

a) should the NTLP provide only a single-shot message delivery
attempt (you-the-NSLP don't get any feedback on whether it worked,=20
if you-the-NSLP want an acknowledgement you must get it from
your peer NSLP)

OR

b) should the NTLP also provide a service which allows an NSLP to
say "get this particular message to my peer or tell me if you
can't"

I can imagine doing a cost/benefit analysis of having (a) only
vs. having (b) as well. I can't imagine doing a _proof_ (since there
is no standard of proof to apply), but at least having a clear
question would be a start.

cheers,

robert h.

PS Incidentally, if we drop all reliability from the NTLP, drop=20
bundling from the NTLP (as Melinda suggested), and drop refresh
reduction from the NTLP (as I believe it's a signalling
application function), would we still claim as a WG that we=20
are using 2205+2961 as a starting point?

> -----Original Message-----
> From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
> Sent: Monday, July 14, 2003 18:50
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
>=20
>=20
> Hi All,
>=20
> At today's meeting, Melinda pointed out that in her opinion,=20
> reliable transport
> is not required for NTLP.  R=FCdiger seemed to indicate that=20
> there is not a
> significant cost to NTLP.  Unfortunately, there has been no=20
> working group
> consensus that NTLP will be using reliable transport.  Also,=20
> I feel that
> R=FCdiger behavior was inappropriate for a professional=20
> meeting.  I should have
> asked R=FCdiger to display more professional courtesy at the mic.
>=20
> However, my point is that the WG has not come to agreement that NTLP
> should use reliable transport.  In fact, there is a significant cost,
> in my opinion, in terms of setup time & latency.  I will=20
> outline a scenario.
> Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup some signaling between=20
> them.  If TCP
> is used as a transport, it is not a simple 3 way handshake that is=20
> needed. If A & B are x NTLP hops away, they will need x TCP=20
> connections,
> which, depending upon implementation, will result a 3 way handshake=20
> between x+1 nodes, which is a significant problem.  In=20
> addition, needing
> to setup TCP connections during fast mobility can also be a problem.
>=20
> My point is that I do not see the requirement for reliable transport
> in NTLP.  If there are parties interested in using reliable =
transport,
> the burden of proof is with them. =20
>=20
> Please note, that Henning has proposed that there may be some=20
> advantageous
> of using a partially reliable transport mechanism, however, I think
> he has planned on providing more details to the list of how this =
could
> be achieved, as it was not completely specified in his draft.
>=20
> John
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 14 14:14:29 2003
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Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2003 20:13:30 +0200
From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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Subject: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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Hi all,

As John suggested, I tried to sort out requirements (out of nsis-req-08) 
which are related to mobility and hope they helpful for related discussions:

    5.2 Signaling Flows...............................................10
    5.2.2 NSIS MUST support path-coupled and MAY support path-decoupled
    signaling.........................................................11
==>  relates to different handling of MIP IP-in-IP encapsulation (tunnel).

    5.3 Messaging.....................................................11
    5.3.1 Explicit erasure of state MUST be possible..................12
==> related to explicit teardown of obsoleted branch. Maybe a flag to 
indicate whether to do explicit teardown.

    5.4 Control Information...........................................13
    5.4.3 State MUST be addressed independent of flow identification..14
==> mobility support may make use of this requirement.

    5.5 Performance...................................................15
    5.5.1 Scalability.................................................15
==> NSIS "MUST be scalable in number of hand-offs in mobile 
environments." This can be related to, e.g., capability of dealing with 
pingpong, fast movement.

    5.6 Flexibility...................................................16
    5.6.2 Flexibility in the placement of the NSIS Initiator/Responder16
==> somehow related to the issue of either MN or CN as data sender.

    5.8 Mobility......................................................19
    5.8.1 Allow efficient service re-establishment after handover.....19
==> effectively establish states in new path due to handover.

    5.9 Interworking with other protocols and techniques..............19
    5.9.1 MUST interwork with IP tunneling............................19
==> IP-in-IP encapsulation is one type of IP tunnels

    5.9.2 MUST NOT constrain either to IPv4 or IPv6...................19
==> should be able to work with both Mobile IPv4 protocols and Mobile 
IPv6 protocols.

    5.9.5 SHOULD work with seamless handoff protocols.................20
==> e.g., CTP

Cheers,
Xiaoming


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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

>>That sounds familiar... I think this discussion would be helped if the 
>>word "reliable" is made a bit more precise.
> 
> 
> Perhaps it would make more sense if we just were just direct.  TCP/SCTP
> provides connection-oriented functionality + retransmission.  It provides
> congestion control. It requires a 3 way handshake.  
> 
> For some trivial NSLP applications, retransmission & congestion control
> are probably not required, so in that sense, TCP would be overkill.  

I think we're in agreement on this part; that understanding certainly 
informed my strawman. The only issue I raised in my presentation was 
whether that choice is made per-NSLP, per-hop or some combination.

I'm not sure if others are disagreeing with that part of the discussion, 
but my reading is that most of those arguing for reliability don't see 
this as a "must always be used" issue.

I also happen to think that some NSLP applications will not work well or 
be severely constrained if such a reliable mode is not available 
(without being forced on those NSLPs who do not need it). Do you agree 
with that statement?

Also, since this seems to be common argument: the 3-way handshake 
overhead is not incurred with every session setup. It is only incurred, 
at least in the low fan-out cases I can think, once per peer. Thus, most 
sessions will never see that overhead. (They will still see the 
additional roundtrip time of finding the next hop.)

We should also acknowledge, however, that one-message setup has 
potentially severe denial-of-service implications, as discussed in the 
context of Hanne' recent message.

In general, I think it would be helpful to see this as an interconnected 
issue.

Henning


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Hi Robert,

> i don't think there is anyone arguing at the moment that *all*=20
> signalling should be sent reliably.

Several people have come across as stating that, R=FCdiger's comment
struck me as if he was of this opinion, for exampl
=20
> so, i'm assuming the question on the table is:
>=20
> a) should the NTLP provide only a single-shot message delivery
> attempt (you-the-NSLP don't get any feedback on whether it worked,=20
> if you-the-NSLP want an acknowledgement you must get it from
> your peer NSLP)
>=20
> OR
>=20
> b) should the NTLP also provide a service which allows an NSLP to
> say "get this particular message to my peer or tell me if you
> can't"

My opinion is that a basic raw-IP / UDP mode is supported by default
and we look at how TCP/SCTP could be supported without running into
state bloat caused by multiple protocol support.  It does not need
to be a either / or question.
=20
> I can imagine doing a cost/benefit analysis of having (a) only
> vs. having (b) as well. I can't imagine doing a _proof_ (since there
> is no standard of proof to apply), but at least having a clear
> question would be a start.

Proof in engineering terms is often quite different than in mathmatical
terms.  Proof, in my usage, is nearly equivalent to a strong argument
that gains consensus.

> PS Incidentally, if we drop all reliability from the NTLP, drop=20
> bundling from the NTLP (as Melinda suggested), and drop refresh
> reduction from the NTLP (as I believe it's a signalling
> application function), would we still claim as a WG that we=20
> are using 2205+2961 as a starting point?

I think we can consider how much of 2205 + 2961 needs to be supported.
I have not suggested, myself, dropping all of 2961, but to look at=20
what to support. 2961 lists the following enhancements to RSVP:

	RSVP Bundle Message
	MESSAGE_ID Extension=20
	Summary Refresh Extension=20
	Exponential Back-Off Procedures=20

The Exponential Back-Off Procedures is probably not needed.

John

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Hi Henning,

I basically agree with your text, I just wanted to add clarifying
text - as I was unsure of the intention of some of the comments today.

John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:15
> To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki)
> Cc: robert.hancock@roke.co.uk; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
>=20
>=20
> john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
>=20
> >>That sounds familiar... I think this discussion would be=20
> helped if the=20
> >>word "reliable" is made a bit more precise.
> >=20
> >=20
> > Perhaps it would make more sense if we just were just=20
> direct.  TCP/SCTP
> > provides connection-oriented functionality +=20
> retransmission.  It provides
> > congestion control. It requires a 3 way handshake. =20
> >=20
> > For some trivial NSLP applications, retransmission &=20
> congestion control
> > are probably not required, so in that sense, TCP would be=20
> overkill. =20
>=20
> I think we're in agreement on this part; that understanding certainly=20
> informed my strawman. The only issue I raised in my presentation was=20
> whether that choice is made per-NSLP, per-hop or some combination.
>=20
> I'm not sure if others are disagreeing with that part of the =
discussion,=20
> but my reading is that most of those arguing for reliability don't see =

> this as a "must always be used" issue.
>=20
> I also happen to think that some NSLP applications will not work well =
or=20
> be severely constrained if such a reliable mode is not available=20
> (without being forced on those NSLPs who do not need it). Do you agree =

> with that statement?
>=20
> Also, since this seems to be common argument: the 3-way handshake=20
> overhead is not incurred with every session setup. It is only =
incurred,=20
> at least in the low fan-out cases I can think, once per peer. Thus, =
most=20
> sessions will never see that overhead. (They will still see the=20
> additional roundtrip time of finding the next hop.)
>=20
> We should also acknowledge, however, that one-message setup has=20
> potentially severe denial-of-service implications, as discussed in the =

> context of Hanne' recent message.
>=20
> In general, I think it would be helpful to see this as an =
interconnected=20
> issue.
>=20
> Henning
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

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From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> Hi All,
> 

> 
> However, my point is that the WG has not come to agreement that NTLP
> should use reliable transport.  In fact, there is a significant cost,
> in my opinion, in terms of setup time & latency.  I will outline a scenario.
> Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup some signaling between them.  If TCP
> is used as a transport, it is not a simple 3 way handshake that is 
> needed. If A & B are x NTLP hops away, they will need x TCP connections,
> which, depending upon implementation, will result a 3 way handshake 
> between x+1 nodes, which is a significant problem.  In addition, needing
> to setup TCP connections during fast mobility can also be a problem.

John, this is simply not true and has not been true in all of these 
discussions. There has always been the assumption that connections are, 
on average, already established since the number of peers in most cases 
is bounded. There is no need to start from scratch for every session.

> 
> My point is that I do not see the requirement for reliable transport
> in NTLP.  If there are parties interested in using reliable transport,
> the burden of proof is with them. 

I'm not sure what the threshold of "proof" is. I thought we had 
extensive, but inconclusive, discussions on how to address 
fragmentation, flow control and congestion control in NTLP.

> 
> Please note, that Henning has proposed that there may be some advantageous
> of using a partially reliable transport mechanism, however, I think
> he has planned on providing more details to the list of how this could
> be achieved, as it was not completely specified in his draft.

Without trying to write a draft on the fly, here's the simple outline. 
I really need a whiteboard here. There are three choices:

1) one message, no reliability: just forward and have NSLP or e2e 
retransmission; subject to security issues such as DOS attacks, but 
quick and low overhead.

2) one message pair per hop: adds reliability, but no delay. Doesn't 
address DOS issues completely.

3) one message pair per hop + reliable protocol for large messages: adds 
reliability; adds delay for large signaling message. Addresses DOS 
issues better and.










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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Henning,

I just responded to Robert, but just to make sure we are clear,
I will respond here:

> > However, my point is that the WG has not come to agreement that NTLP
> > should use reliable transport.  In fact, there is a significant =
cost,
> > in my opinion, in terms of setup time & latency.  I will outline a =
scenario.
> > Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup some signaling between them.  If =
TCP
> > is used as a transport, it is not a simple 3 way handshake that is=20
> > needed. If A & B are x NTLP hops away, they will need x TCP =
connections,
> > which, depending upon implementation, will result a 3 way handshake=20
> > between x+1 nodes, which is a significant problem.  In addition, =
needing
> > to setup TCP connections during fast mobility can also be a problem.
>=20
> John, this is simply not true and has not been true in all of these=20
> discussions. There has always been the assumption that connections =
are,=20
> on average, already established since the number of peers in most =
cases=20
> is bounded. There is no need to start from scratch for every session.

My example was to show that there is a trade-off with using TCP, it is
not free.  We can mitigate the effects with proper engineering, I agree.

> > My point is that I do not see the requirement for reliable transport
> > in NTLP.  If there are parties interested in using reliable =
transport,
> > the burden of proof is with them.=20
>=20
> I'm not sure what the threshold of "proof" is. I thought we had=20
> extensive, but inconclusive, discussions on how to address=20
> fragmentation, flow control and congestion control in NTLP.

I don't mean proof in a literal sense, but as a burden of proof, meaning
that there needs to be a convincing argument.

> > Please note, that Henning has proposed that there may be=20
> some advantageous
> > of using a partially reliable transport mechanism, however, I think
> > he has planned on providing more details to the list of how=20
> this could
> > be achieved, as it was not completely specified in his draft.
>=20
> Without trying to write a draft on the fly, here's the simple outline. =

> I really need a whiteboard here. There are three choices:
>=20
> 1) one message, no reliability: just forward and have NSLP or e2e=20
> retransmission; subject to security issues such as DOS attacks, but=20
> quick and low overhead.
>=20
> 2) one message pair per hop: adds reliability, but no delay. Doesn't=20
> address DOS issues completely.
>=20
> 3) one message pair per hop + reliable protocol for large messages: =
adds=20
> reliability; adds delay for large signaling message. Addresses DOS=20
> issues better and.

As we discussed earlier, I think this looks like the way to go
to handle reliable transport, rather than turn it into an either /
or debate.

John

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From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?
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Hi all,

Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path 
features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:
- independence of specific mobility protocols
- IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel
- local repair & synchronization
- even, anticipated handovers

Cheers,
Xiaoming

PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:
http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis-mobility.pdf


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Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2003 22:03:12 +0300
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To: <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>, <nsis@ietf.org>
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Hi Xiaoming,

I think it is premature to do this at the moment - the framework
document & the analysis document cover some mobility issues -=20
you should contact the author of those doucments to see what
overlap, if any, there is between your proposal and those
documents.

John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
> Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:14
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
>=20
>=20
> Hi all,
>=20
> As John suggested, I tried to sort out requirements (out of=20
> nsis-req-08)=20
> which are related to mobility and hope they helpful for=20
> related discussions:
>=20
>     5.2 Signaling=20
> Flows...............................................10
>     5.2.2 NSIS MUST support path-coupled and MAY support=20
> path-decoupled
>    =20
> signaling.........................................................11
> =3D=3D>  relates to different handling of MIP IP-in-IP=20
> encapsulation (tunnel).
>=20
>     5.3=20
> Messaging.....................................................11
>     5.3.1 Explicit erasure of state MUST be=20
> possible..................12
> =3D=3D> related to explicit teardown of obsoleted branch. Maybe a flag =
to=20
> indicate whether to do explicit teardown.
>=20
>     5.4 Control=20
> Information...........................................13
>     5.4.3 State MUST be addressed independent of flow=20
> identification..14
> =3D=3D> mobility support may make use of this requirement.
>=20
>     5.5=20
> Performance...................................................15
>     5.5.1=20
> Scalability.................................................15
> =3D=3D> NSIS "MUST be scalable in number of hand-offs in mobile=20
> environments." This can be related to, e.g., capability of=20
> dealing with=20
> pingpong, fast movement.
>=20
>     5.6=20
> Flexibility...................................................16
>     5.6.2 Flexibility in the placement of the NSIS=20
> Initiator/Responder16
> =3D=3D> somehow related to the issue of either MN or CN as data =
sender.
>=20
>     5.8=20
> Mobility......................................................19
>     5.8.1 Allow efficient service re-establishment after=20
> handover.....19
> =3D=3D> effectively establish states in new path due to handover.
>=20
>     5.9 Interworking with other protocols and=20
> techniques..............19
>     5.9.1 MUST interwork with IP=20
> tunneling............................19
> =3D=3D> IP-in-IP encapsulation is one type of IP tunnels
>=20
>     5.9.2 MUST NOT constrain either to IPv4 or=20
> IPv6...................19
> =3D=3D> should be able to work with both Mobile IPv4 protocols and =
Mobile=20
> IPv6 protocols.
>=20
>     5.9.5 SHOULD work with seamless handoff=20
> protocols.................20
> =3D=3D> e.g., CTP
>=20
> Cheers,
> Xiaoming
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

_______________________________________________
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?
Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2003 22:47:35 +0300
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Hi Xiaoming,

You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and=20
Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds=20
somewhat out of scope for NSIS.

John



> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
> Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:53
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all,
>=20
> Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path=20
> features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:
> - independence of specific mobility protocols
> - IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel
> - local repair & synchronization
> - even, anticipated handovers
>=20
> Cheers,
> Xiaoming
>=20
> PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:
> http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis
> -mobility.pdf
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

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John,

john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
> I think it is premature to do this at the moment - the framework
> document & the analysis document cover some mobility issues -
Yes, I was following your suggestion to complete my comments from these 
requirements' point of view which can help later mobility discussions, :-)

> you should contact the author of those doucments to see what
> overlap, if any, there is between your proposal and those
> documents.

I looked into these docs before submitting the I-D: they did cover 
general state management (e.g., session ID) and local repair issues; 
I'll talk with the authors on latest versions and their plans.

Thanks,
Xiaoming
> 
> John
> 
> 
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: ext Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
>>Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:14
>>To: nsis@ietf.org
>>Subject: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
>>
>>
>>Hi all,
>>
>>As John suggested, I tried to sort out requirements (out of 
>>nsis-req-08) 
>>which are related to mobility and hope they helpful for 
>>related discussions:
>>
>>    5.2 Signaling 
>>Flows...............................................10
>>    5.2.2 NSIS MUST support path-coupled and MAY support 
>>path-decoupled
>>    
>>signaling.........................................................11
>>==>  relates to different handling of MIP IP-in-IP 
>>encapsulation (tunnel).
>>
>>    5.3 
>>Messaging.....................................................11
>>    5.3.1 Explicit erasure of state MUST be 
>>possible..................12
>>==> related to explicit teardown of obsoleted branch. Maybe a flag to 
>>indicate whether to do explicit teardown.
>>
>>    5.4 Control 
>>Information...........................................13
>>    5.4.3 State MUST be addressed independent of flow 
>>identification..14
>>==> mobility support may make use of this requirement.
>>
>>    5.5 
>>Performance...................................................15
>>    5.5.1 
>>Scalability.................................................15
>>==> NSIS "MUST be scalable in number of hand-offs in mobile 
>>environments." This can be related to, e.g., capability of 
>>dealing with 
>>pingpong, fast movement.
>>
>>    5.6 
>>Flexibility...................................................16
>>    5.6.2 Flexibility in the placement of the NSIS 
>>Initiator/Responder16
>>==> somehow related to the issue of either MN or CN as data sender.
>>
>>    5.8 
>>Mobility......................................................19
>>    5.8.1 Allow efficient service re-establishment after 
>>handover.....19
>>==> effectively establish states in new path due to handover.
>>
>>    5.9 Interworking with other protocols and 
>>techniques..............19
>>    5.9.1 MUST interwork with IP 
>>tunneling............................19
>>==> IP-in-IP encapsulation is one type of IP tunnels
>>
>>    5.9.2 MUST NOT constrain either to IPv4 or 
>>IPv6...................19
>>==> should be able to work with both Mobile IPv4 protocols and Mobile 
>>IPv6 protocols.
>>
>>    5.9.5 SHOULD work with seamless handoff 
>>protocols.................20
>>==> e.g., CTP
>>
>>Cheers,
>>Xiaoming
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>nsis mailing list
>>nsis@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 
> 


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John,

john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
> You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and 
> Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds 
> somewhat out of scope for NSIS.

Well, I shall have mentioned more clearly, that doing such a 
characterizing is not going to do MIP signaling at all, but to use the 
route change _resulting from_ MIP signaling (what meant by "independent 
of any specific MIP signaling") and to signaling into IP-in-IP tunnels 
(what meant by "IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel").  My thought was that if 
NSIS finally needs to work with mobility, this can be necessary in NSIS.

Thanks,
Xiaoming


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Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Cc: john.loughney@nokia.com, nsis@ietf.org
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Hi,

I would like to second Henning's opinion here, especially for core
networks. It seems that there would be parts of the network where peering
relations are stable enough for the cost of the overhead to be amortized
over many flows. I believe this would make it a worthwhile addition to the
protocol.

Sven





Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>@ietf.org on 14/07/2003 20:33:12

Sent by:    nsis-admin@ietf.org


To:    john.loughney@nokia.com
cc:    nsis@ietf.org
Subject:    Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP


john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> Hi All,
>

>
> However, my point is that the WG has not come to agreement that NTLP
> should use reliable transport.  In fact, there is a significant cost,
> in my opinion, in terms of setup time & latency.  I will outline a
scenario.
> Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup some signaling between them.  If TCP
> is used as a transport, it is not a simple 3 way handshake that is
> needed. If A & B are x NTLP hops away, they will need x TCP connections,
> which, depending upon implementation, will result a 3 way handshake
> between x+1 nodes, which is a significant problem.  In addition, needing
> to setup TCP connections during fast mobility can also be a problem.

John, this is simply not true and has not been true in all of these
discussions. There has always been the assumption that connections are,
on average, already established since the number of peers in most cases
is bounded. There is no need to start from scratch for every session.

>
> My point is that I do not see the requirement for reliable transport
> in NTLP.  If there are parties interested in using reliable transport,
> the burden of proof is with them.

I'm not sure what the threshold of "proof" is. I thought we had
extensive, but inconclusive, discussions on how to address
fragmentation, flow control and congestion control in NTLP.

>
> Please note, that Henning has proposed that there may be some
advantageous
> of using a partially reliable transport mechanism, however, I think
> he has planned on providing more details to the list of how this could
> be achieved, as it was not completely specified in his draft.

Without trying to write a draft on the fly, here's the simple outline.
I really need a whiteboard here. There are three choices:

1) one message, no reliability: just forward and have NSLP or e2e
retransmission; subject to security issues such as DOS attacks, but
quick and low overhead.

2) one message pair per hop: adds reliability, but no delay. Doesn't
address DOS issues completely.

3) one message pair per hop + reliable protocol for large messages: adds
reliability; adds delay for large signaling message. Addresses DOS
issues better and.










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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Jul 15 03:11:29 2003
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From: Roland Bless <bless@tm.uka.de>
To: nsis@ietf.org, john.loughney@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Hi John,

On Mon, 14 Jul 2003 19:49:36 +0300 john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> transport.  Also, I feel that R=FCdiger behavior was inappropriate for a
> professional meeting.  I should have asked R=FCdiger to display more
> professional courtesy at the mic.

Maybe I missed something, but I don't remember any offending statement
from him. He mainly asked Melinda to check for existing signaling
protocols that use an underlying reliable transport.

> However, my point is that the WG has not come to agreement that NTLP
> should use reliable transport.  In fact, there is a significant cost,
> in my opinion, in terms of setup time & latency.  I will outline a

If NTLP must implement congestion control we may also need a three way
handshake (see current DCCP spec).

> scenario. Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup some signaling between
> them.  If TCP is used as a transport, it is not a simple 3 way
> handshake that is needed. If A & B are x NTLP hops away, they will
> need x TCP connections, which, depending upon implementation, will
> result a 3 way handshake between x+1 nodes, which is a significant
> problem.  In addition, needing to setup TCP connections during fast
> mobility can also be a problem.

As others already stated: there may be already established connections
that can be reused.

> My point is that I do not see the requirement for reliable transport
> in NTLP.  If there are parties interested in using reliable transport,
> the burden of proof is with them. =20

I think Henning mentioned the "SIP experience" several times and the
current discussion reminds me somehow of it...  =20

- Roland

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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Hi Sven,

> I would like to second Henning's opinion here, especially for core
> networks. It seems that there would be parts of the network where =
peering
> relations are stable enough for the cost of the overhead to be =
amortized
> over many flows. I believe this would make it a worthwhile addition to =
the
> protocol.

I think that figuring out the details of this is in-scope for NTLP.
What I want to make sure is that we ensure the we get a handle on this,
with the proper scope.=20

My current working assumption is that NTLP works in a lightweight
datagram mode with the possibility of a reliable model,  for example,
provided by TCP / SCTP / etc.

John

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Hi Roland,

> Maybe I missed something, but I don't remember any offending statement
> from him. He mainly asked Melinda to check for existing signaling
> protocols that use an underlying reliable transport.

If we were in a court of law, I think I would have claimed that he
was badgering the witness - my main point was that as we do not
have a working assumption that NTLP MUST be reliable, his questioning
was inappropiate in tone. =20

As a side note, several people came up to me yesterday staying that
several people at the mic & some on stage were too 'aggressive' in
their questioning / responding to questions.  I hope that we can
be more curtious at today's meeting.
=20
> > However, my point is that the WG has not come to agreement that NTLP
> > should use reliable transport.  In fact, there is a=20
> significant cost,
> > in my opinion, in terms of setup time & latency.  I will outline a
>=20
> If NTLP must implement congestion control we may also need a three way
> handshake (see current DCCP spec).

At least our ADs have said that (currently) there is not a MUST for
congestion control.

> > scenario. Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup some signaling between
> > them.  If TCP is used as a transport, it is not a simple 3 way
> > handshake that is needed. If A & B are x NTLP hops away, they will
> > need x TCP connections, which, depending upon implementation, will
> > result a 3 way handshake between x+1 nodes, which is a significant
> > problem.  In addition, needing to setup TCP connections during fast
> > mobility can also be a problem.
>=20
> As others already stated: there may be already established connections
> that can be reused.

This is a possibility, with detials which need to be provided. This is
my 'burden of proof' principle, meaning that I would like to have =
details
not handwaving. This is a general comment on when we are now starting
a design phase.  Saying things are easy / hard / etc. SHOULD be backed
up with some details.

> > My point is that I do not see the requirement for reliable transport
> > in NTLP.  If there are parties interested in using reliable =
transport,
> > the burden of proof is with them. =20

John

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Subject: thoughts on reiiable transport RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2003 11:28:32 +0300
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Hi all,

Not meaning to pick on Roland specifically, but his comment:

> I think Henning mentioned the "SIP experience" several times and the
> current discussion reminds me somehow of it...  =20

Made me do a little thinking on this subject.

I've taken Henning's comment on SIP more to mean that supporting =
multiple
transport protocols are difficult.  This is why I want to see more =
details
on how to support multiple transport.  Additionally, I thought that
Henning's earlier comments with regards to SIP & reliable were more =
along
the lines of, if you are going to do fragmentation, congestion control,
etc. it is better to re-use existing transport rather than rolling your
own mechanisms. =20

However, some comments in the WG yesterday seemed to be saying, for =
example,=20
TCP does functionality x, y & z so let's use this. I believe Melinda was =

attempting to suggest that maybe functionality x & y are not needed and
maybe thinking about z is needed.  Stating many protocols use TCP,
so why are x, y & z problems seems not to be a helpful line for=20
discussion.

John

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Hi,

jabber was not working yesterday.  I don't have all of the slides, if =
you want
I can post the slides from yesterday.

John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Charles Q. Shen [mailto:charles@ee.columbia.edu]
> Sent: 14 July, 2003 17:38
> To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki); nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Presentation Slides
>=20
>=20
> Hi John,
>=20
> The text conferencing does not seem to be running. Could you=20
> please put
> the presentation slides online?
>=20
> Thanks.
>=20
> Charles
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On=20
> > Behalf Of john.loughney@nokia.com
> > Sent: Monday, July 14, 2003 3:41 AM
> > To: robert.hancock@roke.co.uk; nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [NSIS] Review of NTLP proposals
> >=20
> >=20
> > Hi Robert,
> >=20
> > > Up to now I think we have been discussing multihoming rather=20
> > > implicitly, as something which - along with IP or higher layer=20
> > > mobility - can cause the general problem that the=20
> > relationship between=20
> > > application-layer session and [micro]flow to be more than just a=20
> > > simple 1:1 relationship. That's what the session identifier=20
> > > functionality is about.
> > >=20
> > > However, I don't see that the NTLP should have a role in=20
> trying to=20
> > > 'solve' the multihoming problem, because the correct=20
> > solution almost=20
> > > certainly depends on the demands of the signalling=20
> > application (at the=20
> > > moment, the framework assumes that handling IP address=20
> change is a=20
> > > signalling application responsibility, essentially for the same=20
> > > reason). The NTLP should think in terms of single flows=20
> defined by=20
> > > fixed N-tuples, and anything cleverer has to be pushed=20
> > upstairs, IMHO.
> >=20
> > I agree.
> >=20
> > John
> >=20
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> >=20
>=20
>=20

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Jul 15 04:32:33 2003
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Hi,

We have talked that NTLP can use TCP/SCTP/UDP or IP. Do we always keep
this approach or we must choose a specific protocol (IP or transport
protocols) to use ?

According to me, reusing the existing transport protocols is good way
to economize on time and deployment. But it is not the best way to
implement a new signaling protocol. For example, if we use TCP :
+for bundling a message, how can we place many NSLP messages
in a IP(TCP(NTLP(NSLP messages))), is bundling as useful as we've
thought ?
+how we do  fragementation  when IP does it all even though we don't
want to do
fragmentation.
+ TCP congestion/flow control is appropriate to our characteristic
signaling ?
+ Soft-state seems no much sense.

I don't think using IP is easy, but it is useful because we implement
a new signaling protocol only for signaling and implement it without
constraint.

Nary Tra
ENST, Paris.

----- Original Message -----
From: <john.loughney@nokia.com>
To: <sven.van_den_bosch@alcatel.be>; <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Cc: <nsis@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, July 15, 2003 9:38 AM
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP


Hi Sven,

> I would like to second Henning's opinion here, especially for core
> networks. It seems that there would be parts of the network where
peering
> relations are stable enough for the cost of the overhead to be
amortized
> over many flows. I believe this would make it a worthwhile addition
to the
> protocol.

I think that figuring out the details of this is in-scope for NTLP.
What I want to make sure is that we ensure the we get a handle on
this,
with the proper scope.

My current working assumption is that NTLP works in a lightweight
datagram mode with the possibility of a reliable model,  for example,
provided by TCP / SCTP / etc.

John


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Hi all,

Yesterday's slides can be found from here:

http://www-nrc.nokia.com/sua/ietf57/

John

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Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2003 10:59:34 +0200
From: Roland Bless <bless@tm.uka.de>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>
Cc: <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Hi John,

On Tue, 15 Jul 2003 11:25:04 +0300
<john.loughney@nokia.com> wrote:

> As a side note, several people came up to me yesterday staying that
> several people at the mic & some on stage were too 'aggressive' in
> their questioning / responding to questions.  I hope that we can
> be more curtious at today's meeting.

Ok, to close these non-technical issue, maybe it is helpful for
participants to read and follow RFC 3184/BCP 54 from time to time
again. 
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3184.txt
RFC 3184 IETF Guidelines for Conduct. S. Harris. October 2001. (Format:
     TXT=7413 bytes) (Also BCP0054) (Status: BEST CURRENT PRACTICE)

> > If NTLP must implement congestion control we may also need a three way
> > handshake (see current DCCP spec).
> 
> At least our ADs have said that (currently) there is not a MUST for
> congestion control.

Yes, I know (BTW: do we need to document this somewhere along with its
reasoning?). I just wanted to show that it's not reliability only that
may cause "complexity".

Regards, 
 Roland

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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Roland,

> Ok, to close these non-technical issue, maybe it is helpful for
> participants to read and follow RFC 3184/BCP 54 from time to time
> again.=20
> http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3184.txt

Thanks for posting this, this is a good thing to read.

John

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Subject: Congestion Control (was: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP)
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Hi Roland,


> > At least our ADs have said that (currently) there is not a MUST for
> > congestion control.
>=20
> Yes, I know (BTW: do we need to document this somewhere along with its
> reasoning?). I just wanted to show that it's not reliability only that
> may cause "complexity".

I will ask for some documentation.

thanks,
John

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Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2003 11:13:35 +0200
From: Roland Bless <bless@tm.uka.de>
To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Cc: john.loughney@nokia.com, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: thoughts on reiiable transport RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport
 for NTLP
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On Tue, 15 Jul 2003 04:55:14 -0400 Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu> wrote:

> The SIP experience was that some thought that only UDP support would be 
> necessary. The tendency has been that the problems that seemed minor 
> (congestion, fragmentation) became rather annoying as things progressed 
> and as a more complete system was built.

Thanks Henning, I was refering to exactly this fact.

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Subject: RE: thoughts on reiiable transport RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Hi Henning,

Rather than re-hash history & noting that the IETF has trouble
with revisiting decisions, or maybe it is better to say that the
IETF often revisions decisions that should have been long decided,
I propose:

> Some of us have different opinions on these requirements and claim to=20
> have described clear use cases for these items. Maybe that's not been=20
> clear or convincing enough, but I don't think it helps to deny that =
the=20
> attempts have been made or not at least to refer to those discussions.

No rehashing the discussions, but rather working forward. In the NTLP &
NSLP documents, we should at least have short appendicies that state
what the protocol does with a summary reason or pointer to existing
documentation.  I don't intend these to be long appendicies, but just
nearly like an issue tracker that is carried around with the document
in the early stages.

John

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Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2003 05:27:57 -0400 (EDT)
From: HELENA RUTE SOFIA <rsofia@seas.upenn.edu>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
cc: hgs@cs.columbia.edu, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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John,

question below:

> > Without trying to write a draft on the fly, here's the simple outline.
> > I really need a whiteboard here. There are three choices:
> >
> > 1) one message, no reliability: just forward and have NSLP or e2e
> > retransmission; subject to security issues such as DOS attacks, but
> > quick and low overhead.
> >
> > 2) one message pair per hop: adds reliability, but no delay. Doesn't
> > address DOS issues completely.
> >
> > 3) one message pair per hop + reliable protocol for large messages: adds
> > reliability; adds delay for large signaling message. Addresses DOS
> > issues better and.
>
> As we discussed earlier, I think this looks like the way to go
> to handle reliable transport, rather than turn it into an either /
> or debate.
>
exactly to which option are you referring to?? 1), 2), or 3)?

Rute


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To avoid artificial choices and unnecesary disagreements: I am arguing 
that all three are needed and can be readily supported without undue 
complexity in implementation, time or space. I'm *NOT* arguing that we 
need to make a choice here - the NSLP or NE gets to pick according to 
whatever trade-off it deems reasonable. (Who gets to suggest or force 
the choice is indeed an open issue.)

HELENA RUTE SOFIA wrote:

> John,
> 
> question below:
> 
> 
>>>Without trying to write a draft on the fly, here's the simple outline.
>>>I really need a whiteboard here. There are three choices:
>>>
>>>1) one message, no reliability: just forward and have NSLP or e2e
>>>retransmission; subject to security issues such as DOS attacks, but
>>>quick and low overhead.
>>>
>>>2) one message pair per hop: adds reliability, but no delay. Doesn't
>>>address DOS issues completely.
>>>
>>>3) one message pair per hop + reliable protocol for large messages: adds
>>>reliability; adds delay for large signaling message. Addresses DOS
>>>issues better and.
>>
>>As we discussed earlier, I think this looks like the way to go
>>to handle reliable transport, rather than turn it into an either /
>>or debate.
>>
> 
> exactly to which option are you referring to?? 1), 2), or 3)?
> 
> Rute



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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> I've taken Henning's comment on SIP more to mean that supporting multiple
> transport protocols are difficult.  This is why I want to see more details

This needs to be qualified a bit, I think. The support for multiple 
protocols is not particularly difficult. For example, adding SCTP 
support to TCP was fairly trivial. The slightly difficult part was 
trying to achieve both low-latency end-to-end reliability and per-hop 
reliability. (The difficulty is not in the protocol, but to make sure no 
extra work is being done, i.e., that you don't end up retransmitting 
across a TCP connection.) If we had done purely hop-by-hop (that is, 
proxy-to-proxy or UA-to-proxy) mechanisms, this would have been fairly 
easy. SIP had special concerns that lead to this design (forking and 
human "end systems"), which don't apply here.

Thus, one "lesson" is to do things only once or at different 
time-scales. It's no problem to have a long-term recovery mechanism 
(say, at RSVP 2205 timescales) that primarily deals with system and 
network failures and a short-term one dealing with packet loss. That's 
roughly the 2205 + 2916 combination. I happen to think we can improve 
upon the performance of the latter mechanism, while making it simpler 
(since we're not bolting it on after the fact).

The SIP experience was that some thought that only UDP support would be 
necessary. The tendency has been that the problems that seemed minor 
(congestion, fragmentation) became rather annoying as things progressed 
and as a more complete system was built.


> on how to support multiple transport.  Additionally, I thought that
> Henning's earlier comments with regards to SIP & reliable were more along
> the lines of, if you are going to do fragmentation, congestion control,
> etc. it is better to re-use existing transport rather than rolling your
> own mechanisms.  

Certainly - any attempts to try to this at higher layers seems to end up 
re-inventing the same mechanisms while often lacking the access to the 
lower-level tools.

> 
> However, some comments in the WG yesterday seemed to be saying, for example, 
> TCP does functionality x, y & z so let's use this. I believe Melinda was 
> attempting to suggest that maybe functionality x & y are not needed and
> maybe thinking about z is needed.  Stating many protocols use TCP,
> so why are x, y & z problems seems not to be a helpful line for 
> discussion.

Some of us have different opinions on these requirements and claim to 
have described clear use cases for these items. Maybe that's not been 
clear or convincing enough, but I don't think it helps to deny that the 
attempts have been made or not at least to refer to those discussions.


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From: HELENA RUTE SOFIA <rsofia@seas.upenn.edu>
To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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Henning, John,

> To avoid artificial choices and unnecesary disagreements: I am arguing
> that all three are needed and can be readily supported without undue
> complexity in implementation, time or space. I'm *NOT* arguing that we
> need to make a choice here - the NSLP or NE gets to pick according to
> whatever trade-off it deems reasonable. (Who gets to suggest or force
> the choice is indeed an open issue.)
>

Ok, not sure if this makes sense here, but I second-motion the opinion
aboeve; perhaps this could be addressed clearly on the next version of
ntlp...

Rute


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john,

> 
> My current working assumption is that NTLP works in a lightweight
> datagram mode with the possibility of a reliable model,  for example,
> provided by TCP / SCTP / etc.

for the avoidance of doubt, since you mention including the ability 
to use tcp/sctp:

does this mean that design approaches which include explicit peer-peer
connections for message forwarding, with the peer discovered by 
separate explicit discovery messages, are in scope for the working
group as possible solutions?

[i ask, since such approaches have been objected to in the past on
architectural grounds, but I can see no other way to re-use protocols
such as TCP.]

robert h.

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Hi John,

I don't understand what you want to transmit with the sentence below. If 
I'm correct, MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff Optimization BOF is chartered 
to study HMIP and Fast-Handover issues only, in order to improve MIP 
performance.This BOF does not consider anything especific to signaling 
protocols like NSIS..

I think the question is not to change the MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff 
Optimization BOF to include QoS signalinfg specific issues, but to allow 
the future signaling transport protocol (read it NSIS) to be used in 
mobile environments.

Just for clarify this issue: Are you saying that NSIS should not 
consider mobility? This is, are you assuming that the future Internet, 
for which NSIS is being made, will not have suficient mobile devices to 
justify a mobile-aware signaling transport protocol?

Paulo

john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

>Hi Xiaoming,
>
>You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and 
>Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds 
>somewhat out of scope for NSIS.
>
>John
>
>
>
>  
>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: ext Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
>>Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:53
>>To: nsis@ietf.org
>>Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?
>>
>>
>>Hi all,
>>
>>Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path 
>>features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:
>>- independence of specific mobility protocols
>>- IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel
>>- local repair & synchronization
>>- even, anticipated handovers
>>
>>Cheers,
>>Xiaoming
>>
>>PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:
>>http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis
>>-mobility.pdf
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>nsis mailing list
>>nsis@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>>
>>    
>>
>
>_______________________________________________
>nsis mailing list
>nsis@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>
>  
>


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Hi John,<br>
<br>
I don't understand what you want to transmit with the sentence below.
If I'm correct, MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff Optimization BOF is
chartered to study HMIP and Fast-Handover issues only, in order to
improve MIP performance.This BOF does not consider anything especific
to signaling protocols like NSIS..<br>
<br>
I think the question is not to change the MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff
Optimization BOF to include QoS signalinfg specific issues, but to
allow the future signaling transport protocol (read it NSIS) to be used
in mobile environments. <br>
<br>
Just for clarify this issue: Are you saying that NSIS should not
consider mobility? This is, are you assuming that the future Internet,
for which NSIS is being made, will not have suficient mobile devices to
justify a mobile-aware signaling transport protocol?<br>
<br>
Paulo<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com">john.loughney@nokia.com</a> wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midDADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB32063658F169@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com">
  <pre wrap="">Hi Xiaoming,

You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and 
Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds 
somewhat out of scope for NSIS.

John



  </pre>
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">-----Original Message-----
From: ext Xiaoming Fu [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de">mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de</a>]
Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:53
To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?


Hi all,

Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path 
features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:
- independence of specific mobility protocols
- IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel
- local repair &amp; synchronization
- even, anticipated handovers

Cheers,
Xiaoming

PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis">http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis</a>
-mobility.pdf


_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

    </pre>
  </blockquote>
  <pre wrap=""><!---->
_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

  </pre>
</blockquote>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?
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Hi Paulo,
=20
There seems to have been misunderstanding between what Xiaoming was =
trying to say.  I thought he was trying to suggest tying NSIS signaling =
with some MIP signaling, which is out of scope for NSIS.  NSIS should be =
concerned with the data path after handovers have occured, so it should =
be generic and not tied to any mobility signaling.
=20
At present, since much of MIP related signaling is still preliminary, I =
don't think we should be considering this like HMIP, FMIP, etc. yet in =
NSIS, but rather stick with general mobility.  I believe the discussion =
up until now has been captured in the Framework document.  As the =
framework is nearing completion, perhaps if you have comments on that =
section, it would be good to send them to the list.
=20
thanks,
John

-----Original Message-----
From: ext mendes [mailto:mendes@docomolab-euro.com]
Sent: 15 July, 2003 12:51
To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki)
Cc: fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de; nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?


Hi John,

I don't understand what you want to transmit with the sentence below. If =
I'm correct, MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff Optimization BOF is chartered =
to study HMIP and Fast-Handover issues only, in order to improve MIP =
performance.This BOF does not consider anything especific to signaling =
protocols like NSIS..

I think the question is not to change the MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff =
Optimization BOF to include QoS signalinfg specific issues, but to allow =
the future signaling transport protocol (read it NSIS) to be used in =
mobile environments.=20

Just for clarify this issue: Are you saying that NSIS should not =
consider mobility? This is, are you assuming that the future Internet, =
for which NSIS is being made, will not have suficient mobile devices to =
justify a mobile-aware signaling transport protocol?

Paulo

john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:


Hi Xiaoming,



You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and=20

Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds=20

somewhat out of scope for NSIS.



John







 =20

-----Original Message-----

From: ext Xiaoming Fu [ mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]

Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:53

To:  nsis@ietf.org

Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?





Hi all,



Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path=20

features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:

- independence of specific mobility protocols

- IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel

- local repair & synchronization

- even, anticipated handovers



Cheers,

Xiaoming



PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:

http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis

-mobility.pdf





_______________________________________________

nsis mailing list

nsis@ietf.org

https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



   =20



_______________________________________________

nsis mailing list

nsis@ietf.org

https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



 =20



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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<TITLE></TITLE>

<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4611.1300" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY text=3D#000000 bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>Hi=20
Paulo,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>There=20
seems to have been misunderstanding between what Xiaoming was trying to=20
say.&nbsp; I thought he was trying to suggest tying NSIS signaling with =
some MIP=20
signaling, which is out of scope for NSIS.&nbsp; NSIS should be =
concerned with=20
the data path after handovers have occured, so it should be generic and =
not tied=20
to any mobility signaling.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>At=20
present, since much of MIP related signaling is still preliminary, I =
don't think=20
we should be considering this like HMIP, FMIP, etc. yet in NSIS, but =
rather=20
stick with general mobility.&nbsp; I believe the discussion up until now =
has=20
been captured in the Framework document.&nbsp; As the framework is =
nearing=20
completion, perhaps if you have comments on that section, it would be =
good to=20
send them to the list.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>thanks,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D254282813-15072003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>John</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid">
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><FONT =
face=3DTahoma=20
  size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> ext mendes=20
  [mailto:mendes@docomolab-euro.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> 15 July, 2003=20
  12:51<BR><B>To:</B> Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki)<BR><B>Cc:</B>=20
  fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de; nsis@ietf.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [NSIS] =
Modeling=20
  of mobility?<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>Hi John,<BR><BR>I don't understand =
what you=20
  want to transmit with the sentence below. If I'm correct, MIPv6 =
Signaling and=20
  Handoff Optimization BOF is chartered to study HMIP and Fast-Handover =
issues=20
  only, in order to improve MIP performance.This BOF does not consider =
anything=20
  especific to signaling protocols like NSIS..<BR><BR>I think the =
question is=20
  not to change the MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff Optimization BOF to =
include QoS=20
  signalinfg specific issues, but to allow the future signaling =
transport=20
  protocol (read it NSIS) to be used in mobile environments. =
<BR><BR>Just for=20
  clarify this issue: Are you saying that NSIS should not consider =
mobility?=20
  This is, are you assuming that the future Internet, for which NSIS is =
being=20
  made, will not have suficient mobile devices to justify a mobile-aware =

  signaling transport protocol?<BR><BR>Paulo<BR><BR><A=20
  class=3Dmoz-txt-link-abbreviated=20
  href=3D"mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com">john.loughney@nokia.com</A> =
wrote:<BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE=20
  =
cite=3D"midDADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB32063658F169@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com"=
=20
  type=3D"cite"><PRE wrap=3D"">Hi Xiaoming,

You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and=20
Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds=20
somewhat out of scope for NSIS.

John



  </PRE>
    <BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><PRE wrap=3D"">-----Original Message-----
From: ext Xiaoming Fu [<A class=3Dmoz-txt-link-freetext =
href=3D"mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de">mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de</A=
>]
Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:53
To: <A class=3Dmoz-txt-link-abbreviated =
href=3D"mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</A>
Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?


Hi all,

Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path=20
features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:
- independence of specific mobility protocols
- IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel
- local repair &amp; synchronization
- even, anticipated handovers

Cheers,
Xiaoming

PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:
<A class=3Dmoz-txt-link-freetext =
href=3D"http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis">h=
ttp://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis</A>
-mobility.pdf


_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<A class=3Dmoz-txt-link-abbreviated =
href=3D"mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</A>
<A class=3Dmoz-txt-link-freetext =
href=3D"https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.or=
g/mailman/listinfo/nsis</A>

    </PRE></BLOCKQUOTE><PRE wrap=3D""><!---->
_______________________________________________
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2003 17:19:06 +0300
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Hi Robert,

> > My current working assumption is that NTLP works in a lightweight
> > datagram mode with the possibility of a reliable model,  for =
example,
> > provided by TCP / SCTP / etc.
>=20
> for the avoidance of doubt, since you mention including the ability=20
> to use tcp/sctp:
>=20
> does this mean that design approaches which include explicit peer-peer
> connections for message forwarding, with the peer discovered by=20
> separate explicit discovery messages, are in scope for the working
> group as possible solutions?

I don't object on principle, but I have concerns if we can do this =
cleanly=20
or not, therefore I am looking forward to seeing how we can do this=20
cleanly.

John

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 16 03:42:31 2003
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Date: Wed, 16 Jul 2003 03:40:54 -0400 (EDT)
From: HELENA RUTE SOFIA <rsofia@seas.upenn.edu>
To: nsis@ietf.org
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Subject: [NSIS] QoS analysis draft: novel inter-domain approach
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All,

Yesterday (Monday July 14th), in the NSIS meeting, it was mentioned that
additional QoS signaling protocols could still be added to the draft
"Analysis of Existing Quality of Service Signaling Protocols".

We (myself and Roch Gue'rin) developed a novel inter-domain aggregation
signaling protocol, SICAP (Shared-Segment Inter-domain Control Aggregation
Protocol) that we thought might be of interest to the analysis above.
Being an inter-domain aggregation solution (as BGRP), SICAP was
developed not so much to be "another" alternative to BGRP, but more as
part of an "exercise" aimed at gaining a better understanding of the overall
solution space.  In particular, we felt that while the sink-tree approach
of BGRP offered clear advantages from an operational point of view, it was
not obvious if and how this affected scalability and where BGRP actually
stood, in the space of possible solutions.

So,the investigation, besides identifying a possible
alternative to BGRP (SICAP performs shared-segment aggregation), also
illustrated the existence of a range of options and
showed that further improvements in a protocol's ability to aggregate
state information were indeed feasible.

More detailed information on SICAP and the associated investigation can be
found at:
http://m306pc7.seas.upenn.edu/mnlab/paper/icnp02_173.pdf
(addresses the aggregation algorithms; presents simulation results)

http://m306pc7.seas.upenn.edu/mnlab/paper/hpsr03_paper3743.pdf
(addresses SICAP's design and compares it against BGRP)

If there is interest and a sense that this could be a useful addition to
the topics addressed in the QoS protocols analysis draft, we would be more
than happy to provide additional details.

Rute



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From: Jukka MJ Manner <jmanner@cs.Helsinki.FI>
To: HELENA RUTE SOFIA <rsofia@seas.upenn.edu>
cc: nsis@ietf.org, guerin@ee.upenn.edu
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Hi,

We can still consider additional protocols for the analysis draft, true.  
Yet, I would like to add new protocols only if they provide new insights
to the hard problem of QoS signaling, for example, new solutions and good
ideas that we could learn from when designing the NTLP and NSLPs. So, if
you feel that SICAP has some unique properties and solutions that are not
addressed with existing protocols, you are more than welcome to provide
text. I'll try to read the documents you provided and evaluate myself the
usefulness of an evaluation of an additional protocol. Still, the decision
to add new protocols is not mine but for the whole WG and chair to decide.

Regards,
Jukka


On Wed, 16 Jul 2003, HELENA RUTE SOFIA wrote:

> All,
> 
> Yesterday (Monday July 14th), in the NSIS meeting, it was mentioned that
> additional QoS signaling protocols could still be added to the draft
> "Analysis of Existing Quality of Service Signaling Protocols".
> 
> We (myself and Roch Gue'rin) developed a novel inter-domain aggregation
> signaling protocol, SICAP (Shared-Segment Inter-domain Control Aggregation
> Protocol) that we thought might be of interest to the analysis above.
> Being an inter-domain aggregation solution (as BGRP), SICAP was
> developed not so much to be "another" alternative to BGRP, but more as
> part of an "exercise" aimed at gaining a better understanding of the overall
> solution space.  In particular, we felt that while the sink-tree approach
> of BGRP offered clear advantages from an operational point of view, it was
> not obvious if and how this affected scalability and where BGRP actually
> stood, in the space of possible solutions.
> 
> So,the investigation, besides identifying a possible
> alternative to BGRP (SICAP performs shared-segment aggregation), also
> illustrated the existence of a range of options and
> showed that further improvements in a protocol's ability to aggregate
> state information were indeed feasible.
> 
> More detailed information on SICAP and the associated investigation can be
> found at:
> http://m306pc7.seas.upenn.edu/mnlab/paper/icnp02_173.pdf
> (addresses the aggregation algorithms; presents simulation results)
> 
> http://m306pc7.seas.upenn.edu/mnlab/paper/hpsr03_paper3743.pdf
> (addresses SICAP's design and compares it against BGRP)
> 
> If there is interest and a sense that this could be a useful addition to
> the topics addressed in the QoS protocols analysis draft, we would be more
> than happy to provide additional details.
> 
> Rute
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 


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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> Hi Paulo,
>  
> There seems to have been misunderstanding between what Xiaoming was 
> trying to say.  I thought he was trying to suggest tying NSIS 
> signaling with some MIP signaling, which is out of scope for NSIS.  
> NSIS should be concerned with the data path after handovers have 
> occured, so it should be generic and not tied to any mobility signaling. 

I completely agree with keeping the goal on generic mobility. Although 
the framework speaks about mobility, I had my doubts about if the 
generic mobility issues were going to be considered in NTLP and in some 
QoS related NLSP. Now, this issue is clear to me :).

Cheers
Paulo

> At present, since much of MIP related signaling is still preliminary, 
> I don't think we should be considering this like HMIP, FMIP, etc. yet 
> in NSIS, but rather stick with general mobility.  I believe the 
> discussion up until now has been captured in the Framework document.  
> As the framework is nearing completion, perhaps if you have comments 
> on that section, it would be good to send them to the list. 

thanks,

> John
>
>     -----Original Message-----
>     *From:* ext mendes [mailto:mendes@docomolab-euro.com]
>     *Sent:* 15 July, 2003 12:51
>     *To:* Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki)
>     *Cc:* fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de; nsis@ietf.org
>     *Subject:* Re: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?
>
>     Hi John,
>
>     I don't understand what you want to transmit with the sentence
>     below. If I'm correct, MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff Optimization
>     BOF is chartered to study HMIP and Fast-Handover issues only, in
>     order to improve MIP performance.This BOF does not consider
>     anything especific to signaling protocols like NSIS..
>
>     I think the question is not to change the MIPv6 Signaling and
>     Handoff Optimization BOF to include QoS signalinfg specific
>     issues, but to allow the future signaling transport protocol (read
>     it NSIS) to be used in mobile environments.
>
>     Just for clarify this issue: Are you saying that NSIS should not
>     consider mobility? This is, are you assuming that the future
>     Internet, for which NSIS is being made, will not have suficient
>     mobile devices to justify a mobile-aware signaling transport protocol?
>
>     Paulo
>
>     john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
>
>>Hi Xiaoming,
>>
>>You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and 
>>Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds 
>>somewhat out of scope for NSIS.
>>
>>John
>>
>>
>>
>>  
>>
>>>-----Original Message-----
>>>From: ext Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
>>>Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:53
>>>To: nsis@ietf.org
>>>Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?
>>>
>>>
>>>Hi all,
>>>
>>>Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path 
>>>features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:
>>>- independence of specific mobility protocols
>>>- IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel
>>>- local repair & synchronization
>>>- even, anticipated handovers
>>>
>>>Cheers,
>>>Xiaoming
>>>
>>>PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:
>>>http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis
>>>-mobility.pdf
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>nsis mailing list
>>>nsis@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>>>
>>>    
>>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>nsis mailing list
>>nsis@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>>
>>  
>>
>


--------------000709040008060004050403
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1">
  <title></title>
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff">
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com">john.loughney@nokia.com</a> wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midDADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB32063658F183@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com">
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; ">
  <title></title>
  <meta content="MSHTML 5.50.4611.1300" name="GENERATOR">
  <div><span class="254282813-15072003"><font face="Arial"
 color="#0000ff" size="2">Hi Paulo,</font></span></div>
  <div>&nbsp;</div>
  <div><span class="254282813-15072003"><font face="Arial"
 color="#0000ff" size="2">There seems to have been misunderstanding
between what Xiaoming was trying to say.&nbsp; I thought he was trying to
suggest tying NSIS signaling with some MIP signaling, which is out of
scope for NSIS.&nbsp; NSIS should be concerned with the data path after
handovers have occured, so it should be generic and not tied to any
mobility signaling.</font></span>&nbsp;</div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">I
completely agree with keeping the goal on
generic mobility. Although the framework speaks about mobility, I had
my doubts
about if the generic mobility issues were going to be considered in
NTLP and in
some QoS related NLSP. Now, this issue is clear to me :).<br>
<br>
Cheers<br>
Paulo<br>
</span>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midDADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB32063658F183@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com">
  <div><span class="254282813-15072003"><font face="Arial"
 color="#0000ff" size="2">At present, since much of MIP related
signaling is still preliminary, I don't think we should be considering
this like HMIP, FMIP, etc. yet in NSIS, but rather stick with general
mobility.&nbsp; I believe the discussion up until now has been captured in
the Framework document.&nbsp; As the framework is nearing completion,
perhaps if you have comments on that section, it would be good to send
them to the list.</font></span>&nbsp;</div>
</blockquote>
<span class="254282813-15072003"><font face="Arial" color="#0000ff"
 size="2">thanks,</font></span>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midDADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB32063658F183@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com">
  <div><span class="254282813-15072003"><font face="Arial"
 color="#0000ff" size="2">John</font></span></div>
  <blockquote
 style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 255); padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 5px;">
    <div class="OutlookMessageHeader" dir="ltr" align="left"><font
 face="Tahoma" size="2">-----Original Message-----<br>
    <b>From:</b> ext mendes [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:mendes@docomolab-euro.com">mailto:mendes@docomolab-euro.com</a>]<br>
    <b>Sent:</b> 15 July, 2003 12:51<br>
    <b>To:</b> Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki)<br>
    <b>Cc:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de">fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de</a>; <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a><br>
    <b>Subject:</b> Re: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?<br>
    <br>
    </font></div>
Hi John,<br>
    <br>
I don't understand what you want to transmit with the sentence below.
If I'm correct, MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff Optimization BOF is
chartered to study HMIP and Fast-Handover issues only, in order to
improve MIP performance.This BOF does not consider anything especific
to signaling protocols like NSIS..<br>
    <br>
I think the question is not to change the MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff
Optimization BOF to include QoS signalinfg specific issues, but to
allow the future signaling transport protocol (read it NSIS) to be used
in mobile environments. <br>
    <br>
Just for clarify this issue: Are you saying that NSIS should not
consider mobility? This is, are you assuming that the future Internet,
for which NSIS is being made, will not have suficient mobile devices to
justify a mobile-aware signaling transport protocol?<br>
    <br>
Paulo<br>
    <br>
    <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
 href="mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com">john.loughney@nokia.com</a>
wrote:<br>
    <blockquote
 cite="midDADF50F5EC506B41A0F375ABEB32063658F169@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com"
 type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">Hi Xiaoming,

You may like to bring this up at the MIPv6 Signaling and 
Handoff Optimization BOF on Wednesday, as this sounds 
somewhat out of scope for NSIS.

John



  </pre>
      <blockquote type="cite">
        <pre wrap="">-----Original Message-----
From: ext Xiaoming Fu [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
 href="mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de">mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de</a>]
Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:53
To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
Subject: [NSIS] Modeling of mobility?


Hi all,

Do you think it is useful to have a general modeling of data path 
features caused by (or, "related to") mobility? Examples:
- independence of specific mobility protocols
- IP-in-IP encasulation/tunnel
- local repair &amp; synchronization
- even, anticipated handovers

Cheers,
Xiaoming

PS. I've made the slides "mobility support in NSIS" online at:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
 href="http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/%7Efu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis">http://user.informatik.uni-goettingen.de/~fu/nsis/IETF-fu-nsis</a>
-mobility.pdf


_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
 href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

    </pre>
      </blockquote>
      <pre wrap=""><!---->
_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
 href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

  </pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
  </blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br>
</body>
</html>

--------------000709040008060004050403--


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 16 05:06:28 2003
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Date: Wed, 16 Jul 2003 05:01:44 -0400 (EDT)
From: HELENA RUTE SOFIA <rsofia@seas.upenn.edu>
To: Jukka MJ Manner <jmanner@cs.Helsinki.FI>
cc: nsis@ietf.org, <guerin@ee.upenn.edu>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] QoS analysis draft: novel inter-domain approach
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0307161047020.6164-100000@melkinpaasi.cs.Helsinki.FI>
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Jukka,

> you feel that SICAP has some unique properties and solutions that are not
> addressed with existing protocols, you are more than welcome to provide
> text. I'll try to read the documents you provided and evaluate myself the
> usefulness of an evaluation of an additional protocol. Still, the decision
> to add new protocols is not mine but for the whole WG and chair to decide.

the current analysis draft covers several protocols; however, and even
though it provides input on e2e signaling protocols, there is not an explicit
division of solutions, in terms of scope (intra-domain, inter-domain).
So, in the inter-domain context, only BGRP is presented; hence, I believe
SICAP does bring additional benefits:
1) it outperforms BGRP in state;
2) it presents another type of aggregation, showing that the sink-tree is
not the only solution.

Also, given that aggregation is to be included in the next document on the
QoS-NSLP proposal, and given also that aggregation is still an open issue,
I do believe that SICAP brings a significant contribution to this field.
So, I think it should be considered in the context of the analysis
document...

Rute


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Subject: RE: [NSIS] QoS analysis draft: novel inter-domain approach
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Hi Helena,

Send text to the mailing list & we will see if the WG is interested.


John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext HELENA RUTE SOFIA [mailto:rsofia@seas.upenn.edu]
> Sent: 16 July, 2003 12:02
> To: Jukka MJ Manner
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org; guerin@ee.upenn.edu
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] QoS analysis draft: novel inter-domain approach
>=20
>=20
> Jukka,
>=20
> > you feel that SICAP has some unique properties and=20
> solutions that are not
> > addressed with existing protocols, you are more than=20
> welcome to provide
> > text. I'll try to read the documents you provided and=20
> evaluate myself the
> > usefulness of an evaluation of an additional protocol.=20
> Still, the decision
> > to add new protocols is not mine but for the whole WG and=20
> chair to decide.
>=20
> the current analysis draft covers several protocols; however, and even
> though it provides input on e2e signaling protocols, there is=20
> not an explicit
> division of solutions, in terms of scope (intra-domain, inter-domain).
> So, in the inter-domain context, only BGRP is presented;=20
> hence, I believe
> SICAP does bring additional benefits:
> 1) it outperforms BGRP in state;
> 2) it presents another type of aggregation, showing that the=20
> sink-tree is
> not the only solution.
>=20
> Also, given that aggregation is to be included in the next=20
> document on the
> QoS-NSLP proposal, and given also that aggregation is still=20
> an open issue,
> I do believe that SICAP brings a significant contribution to=20
> this field.
> So, I think it should be considered in the context of the analysis
> document...
>=20
> Rute
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

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Henning Schulzrinne wrote:

> To avoid artificial choices and unnecesary disagreements: I am arguing 
> that all three are needed and can be readily supported without undue 
> complexity in implementation, time or space. I'm *NOT* arguing that we 
> need to make a choice here - the NSLP or NE gets to pick according to 
> whatever trade-off it deems reasonable. (Who gets to suggest or force 
> the choice is indeed an open issue.)

I like the vision of supporting all three. I might even want to add a 
4th, but this needs some more thinking on myside. Itmakes the NTLP 
pretty generic to be applicable in various environment running various 
NSLPs.

Actually, I regard this open issue a much more interesting. It might
raise issues on is the end system/NSLP initiator know what he needs. Is
an adaption to an underlying L2 technology the relevant decision
criterion. Then there is the question which entity is allowed to
overrule another entities request.

Marcus



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 16 13:12:26 2003
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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Message ID v.s. Branch ID --was Re: [NSIS] Proposed draft "Mobility Support in NSIS"
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Xiaoming, comments followed.

> Charles Q. Shen wrote:
> > Ok, so you are talking about the Synchronization/out of sequence 
> > problem. Usually it is solved by some kind of messages ID/sequence 
> > number (e.g., in related routing protocol updates, RSVP 
> refreshes, and 
> > our RSVP-MIP test-bed). I am not very sure what is the difference 
> > between the Branch ID you mentioned in your draft from the 
> message ID 
> > approach.
> > 
> Xiaoming Fu wrote:
> Yes, the following terms sound similar:
> Epoch (RFC2961) ~ Session ID
> Message ID (RFC2961) ~ Branch ID
> However, they are not quite the same.
> 
> To my understanding, Message ID (together with Epoch) concerns with 
> signaling messages between _peering neighbers_, where out-of-order 
> problem can come from retransmission/refresh. (Correct me if 
> I'm wrong). While talking about Branch ID, I meant it 
> (together Session ID) can be 
> used for avoiding syncronization of signaling messages along 
> different 
> branches (each can consist of multiple hops). This can be generally 
> useful for determining end of (explicit) teardown message to 
> forward on 
> along the common path.
> 

My understanding is: a Message ID/Sequence Number approach can be used
to detect out of order messages (carrying refresh information either QoS
or mobility related). Whether it is of hop-by-hop (_peering neighbers_)
significance or end-to-end significance depends on how it is used. We
used Sequence Number in Mobility Update objects in our RSVP-MIP
framework, which I guess might be similar to the branch ID you
mentioned.

Thanks and regards,

Charles


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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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John, 

You are certainly right that it is pre-mature to make any conclusive
arguments about NSIS-mobility details at this time. However, since the
framework document is approaching its completion, while work from
RSVP-mobility to NSIS-mobility is probably still in its early phase, I
do not feel you can fit everything into the framework/requirement
document. 

My personal view is: aside from puting matured framework level mobility
issues into the framework document, keeping a separate disscussion
regarding ongoing NSIS-mobility details would be beneficial. 

Regards,

Charles


> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of john.loughney@nokia.com
> Sent: Monday, July 14, 2003 3:03 PM
> To: fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> 
> 
> Hi Xiaoming,
> 
> I think it is premature to do this at the moment - the 
> framework document & the analysis document cover some 
> mobility issues - 
> you should contact the author of those doucments to see what 
> overlap, if any, there is between your proposal and those documents.
> 
> John
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ext Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
> > Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:14
> > To: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> > 
> > 
> > Hi all,
> > 
> > As John suggested, I tried to sort out requirements (out of
> > nsis-req-08) 
> > which are related to mobility and hope they helpful for 
> > related discussions:
> > 
> >     5.2 Signaling
> > Flows...............................................10
> >     5.2.2 NSIS MUST support path-coupled and MAY support 
> > path-decoupled
> >     
> > signaling.........................................................11
> > ==>  relates to different handling of MIP IP-in-IP
> > encapsulation (tunnel).
> > 
> >     5.3
> > Messaging.....................................................11
> >     5.3.1 Explicit erasure of state MUST be 
> > possible..................12
> > ==> related to explicit teardown of obsoleted branch. Maybe 
> a flag to 
> > indicate whether to do explicit teardown.
> > 
> >     5.4 Control
> > Information...........................................13
> >     5.4.3 State MUST be addressed independent of flow 
> > identification..14
> > ==> mobility support may make use of this requirement.
> > 
> >     5.5
> > Performance...................................................15
> >     5.5.1 
> > Scalability.................................................15
> > ==> NSIS "MUST be scalable in number of hand-offs in mobile 
> > environments." This can be related to, e.g., capability of 
> > dealing with 
> > pingpong, fast movement.
> > 
> >     5.6
> > Flexibility...................................................16
> >     5.6.2 Flexibility in the placement of the NSIS 
> > Initiator/Responder16
> > ==> somehow related to the issue of either MN or CN as data sender.
> > 
> >     5.8
> > Mobility......................................................19
> >     5.8.1 Allow efficient service re-establishment after 
> > handover.....19
> > ==> effectively establish states in new path due to handover.
> > 
> >     5.9 Interworking with other protocols and
> > techniques..............19
> >     5.9.1 MUST interwork with IP 
> > tunneling............................19
> > ==> IP-in-IP encapsulation is one type of IP tunnels
> > 
> >     5.9.2 MUST NOT constrain either to IPv4 or
> > IPv6...................19
> > ==> should be able to work with both Mobile IPv4 protocols 
> and Mobile 
> > IPv6 protocols.
> > 
> >     5.9.5 SHOULD work with seamless handoff
> > protocols.................20
> > ==> e.g., CTP
> > 
> > Cheers,
> > Xiaoming
> > 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> > 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 


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Hi Marcus,

Clipping part of your text out for further discussion:

> It might raise issues on is the end system/NSLP initiator know what he =
needs.=20

I take it you are proposing a few questions to study, for example:

> Is an adaption to an underlying L2 technology the relevant decision =
criterion.=20

In my mind, it is hard to say, I do feel uncomfortable about adapting =
layer 3
4/5 protocols based upon layer 2 considerations - I am not sure if we =
have
any good ways to do this & I am not sure it is in our charter to invent =
them.

> Then there is the question which entity is allowed to overrule another =
entities=20
> request.

Agreed, however, I have a tendency to think that the end-points should =
have the=20
ultimate say in this ...

John


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Hi John

Please see my comments in line:

>My opinion is that a basic raw-IP / UDP mode is supported by default
>and we look at how TCP/SCTP could be supported without running into
>state bloat caused by multiple protocol support.  It does not need
>to be a either / or question.

I totally agree that a basic raw-IP / UDP mode should be supported 
by default.
This means that this mode is the mandatory mode. A NSLP initiator
should be able to select this mode.

I am not sure about the TCP/SCTP mode. We probably have to investigate 
its complications. However, even this mode will be supported it should be

an optional mode, that might also be selected by a NSLP initiator.

>I think we can consider how much of 2205 + 2961 needs to be supported.
>I have not suggested, myself, dropping all of 2961, but to look at 
>what to support. 2961 lists the following enhancements to RSVP:
>
>	RSVP Bundle Message
>	MESSAGE_ID Extension 
>	Summary Refresh Extension 
>	Exponential Back-Off Procedures 
>
>The Exponential Back-Off Procedures is probably not needed.

The other three enhancements are actually interesting in quite static
reservation environments. In mobile/wireless environments, where there 
is a high amount of dynamic reservations (due to handoff procedures) 
these features are not very usefull. Therefore, in my opinion these 
features should be optional.

Best Regards,
Georgios

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From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
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John,



> I take it you are proposing a few questions to study, for example:
> 
> 
>>Is an adaption to an underlying L2 technology the relevant decision criterion. 
> 
> 
> In my mind, it is hard to say, I do feel uncomfortable about adapting layer 3
> 4/5 protocols based upon layer 2 considerations - I am not sure if we have
> any good ways to do this & I am not sure it is in our charter to invent them.
>

For the NTLP this might turn into a configuration capability on each 
single node/interface. Whether this is a good idea or not I have not 
made up my mind. And you do not need to invent something, but we have to 
talk about the knobs and where they are placed, and which entity control 
the knob anyway.

Also in Melindas approach there are quite a number of knobs per 
interface (e.g. time out for various mechnisms etc.)

> 
>>Then there is the question which entity is allowed to overrule another entities 
>>request.
> 
> 
> Agreed, however, I have a tendency to think that the end-points should have the 
> ultimate say in this ...

Can you give an argument, which makes you think the end-point is a good 
idea?
Given it is the end-point. Is it the NSLP on the end-point, the 
user(application) using the protocol, or the NTLP based on information 
about L2 access technology.

Marcus

> John
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis


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Hi Marcus,

> >>Is an adaption to an underlying L2 technology the relevant=20
> decision criterion.=20
> >=20
> >=20
> > In my mind, it is hard to say, I do feel uncomfortable about =
adapting layer 3
> > 4/5 protocols based upon layer 2 considerations - I am not sure if =
we have
> > any good ways to do this & I am not sure it is in our charter to =
invent them.
> >
>=20
> For the NTLP this might turn into a configuration capability on each=20
> single node/interface. Whether this is a good idea or not I have not=20
> made up my mind. And you do not need to invent something, but we have =
to=20
> talk about the knobs and where they are placed, and which entity =
control=20
> the knob anyway.

This sounds more & more like operational issues with the protocols or=20
issues how the protocol can be run over specific layer-2s or in=20
special deployments.  I think, but I could be wrong, that these
belong best outside of the protocol document, but in an operational
doc, deployment doc, applicability statement, bcp-type document,
for example.

> Also in Melindas approach there are quite a number of knobs per=20
> interface (e.g. time out for various mechnisms etc.)

Well, protocols always need to define to have time-outs, etc.  I
would have to re-read Melinda's document to see what you are refering
to, but I was not thinking of Melinda's document what I suggested
what I did.

> >>Then there is the question which entity is allowed to=20
> overrule another entities=20
> >>request.
> >=20
> >=20
> > Agreed, however, I have a tendency to think that the end-points =
should have the=20
> > ultimate say in this ...
>=20
> Can you give an argument, which makes you think the end-point is a =
good=20
> idea? Given it is the end-point. Is it the NSLP on the end-point, the=20
> user(application) using the protocol, or the NTLP based on=20
> information about L2 access technology.

The end-user is requesting service, s authorized for the service and is=20
in the best position to know what is his expectations for the service.
I have an allergic reaction to the suggestion that the network better
understands my wants / my needs as an enduser than I do.  However,
I could be mis-interpretying your comments.

John

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Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Hi Henning 

Regarding the reliability issues, I think that the Melinda`s proposal 
which was stated during the NSIS meeting of Monday, was right.
In order to make a decission on if per-hop realibility of some 
NTLP messages is needed, a motivation of its use is needed. 

Please note that in environments where performance in terms of delay 
is important, per-hop reliability (due to its complexity) is of less
importance.

Best Regards,
Georgios

Dr. ir. Georgios Karagiannis
Group: Design and Analysis of Communication Systems (DACS)
University of Twente
The Netherlands



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Hi Georgios & Henning,

> Regarding the reliability issues, I think that the Melinda`s proposal=20
> which was stated during the NSIS meeting of Monday, was right.
> In order to make a decission on if per-hop realibility of some=20
> NTLP messages is needed, a motivation of its use is needed.=20
>=20
> Please note that in environments where performance in terms of delay=20
> is important, per-hop reliability (due to its complexity) is of less
> importance.

Point of procedure.  I am working from the assumption that we are
working on (some) solutions where per-hop reliability is not needed,
therefore NTLP should be able to run in a mode without per-hop=20
reliability.  This is consistent with our updated charter, which=20
states:

	The intention is to re-use, where appropriate, the protocol
	mechanisms of RSVP, while at the same time simplifying it=20
	and applying a more general signaling model. =20

Please note that our updated charter is approved, there has just been
some difficulties with the IETF Secretariat at posting the updated
charter.

br,
John

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Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2003 04:02:24 -0400 (EDT)
From: "Rute C. Sofia" <rsofia@seas.upenn.edu>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
cc: jmanner@cs.Helsinki.FI, <nsis@ietf.org>, <guerin@ee.upenn.edu>
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Subject: [NSIS] SICAO description, QoS proposals analysis draft
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John,
here goes the description on SICAP. I tried to address the same issues
already being addressed on the analysis draft.

On Wed, 16 Jul 2003 john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> Hi Helena,
>
> Send text to the mailing list & we will see if the WG is interested.
>

.........................................................
SICAP (Shared-segment Inter-domain Control Aggregation protocol) is an
inter-domain signaling solution that performs shared-segment aggregation
on the Autonomous System (AS) level with the purpose of reducing state
required at Boundary Routers.
SICAP performs aggregation based on path segments that different
reservations  share.
Thus, reservations may be merged into aggregates that do not extend
necessarily all the way until the reservation's destination. The
motivation for creating "shorter" aggregates is, on the one hand, their
abilitity to more easily accomodate future requests, and on the other
hand, the minimization of aggregates created and consequently, the
reduction of state required to manage established reservations. However,
and in contrast to the sink-tree approach (used by BGRP),
the shared-segment approach
introduces intermediate deaggregation locations: these are ASes where
aggregates may experience "re-aggregation". At these locations, routers
that perform aggregation (AS egress routers) have to keep track of the
mapping between reservations and aggregates. One possible way of doing
this is to keep each reservation identifier and corresponding resources
stored at each aggregator. However, this solution incurs a high state
penalty on state. SICAP avoids this state penalty by keeping track of the
mapping between aggregates and reservations at the level of destination
domains rather than explicitly mapping individual reservations to
aggregates. In other words, SICAP maintains per aggregate a list of the
destination prefixes advertised by the destination AS an aggregate
provides access to.
In terms of messaging sequence, SICAP is very similar to BGRP: it is
sender-initiated in the sense that the first border router triggers the
process of reservation establishment; it establishes reservations using a
two-phase establishment mechanism: on the first phase, the path is probed
using a message that requires no state, and on the second phase, resources
are allocated. Message delivery is reliable, given that SICAP exchanges
messages over TCP connections.

SICAP and BGRP attain the same signaling load, given that they use three
similar messages to establish and to explicitely delete reservations. This
means that both proposals do not present any signaling load reduction when
compared to proposals that do not perform aggregation.
 In terms of bandwidth, both protocols provision aggregates with the exact
bandwidth required by their merged reservations. Hence, their
major difference is in
state required to manage reservations: we've shown, carrying out
simulations with the network simulator version 2, that SICAP
significantly reduces state required when compared to BGRP.
We consider this to be
of importance not so much to offer a better performing alternative to
BGRP, but to quantify the performance improvements that might still be
available in the research field of control path aggregation.
We have also performed a study, and devised a novel mechanism that can be
used to lower the signaling load of aggregation approaches.


Thanks,
Rute




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From: Paulo Mendes <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>
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CC: john.loughney@nokia.com, fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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Charles Q. Shen wrote:

>John, 
>
>You are certainly right that it is pre-mature to make any conclusive
>arguments about NSIS-mobility details at this time. However, since the
>framework document is approaching its completion, while work from
>RSVP-mobility to NSIS-mobility is probably still in its early phase, I
>do not feel you can fit everything into the framework/requirement
>document. 
>
>My personal view is: aside from puting matured framework level mobility
>issues into the framework document, keeping a separate disscussion
>regarding ongoing NSIS-mobility details would be beneficial. 
>  
>
I agree with Charles's opinion. Some discussion is needed to reflect on 
some issues already mentioned in the Framework, but that need a more 
detailed analysis, such as seamless handover support for mobile 
real-time data transmission.

Cheers,
Paulo

>Regards,
>
>Charles
>
>
>  
>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On 
>>Behalf Of john.loughney@nokia.com
>>Sent: Monday, July 14, 2003 3:03 PM
>>To: fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de; nsis@ietf.org
>>Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
>>
>>
>>Hi Xiaoming,
>>
>>I think it is premature to do this at the moment - the 
>>framework document & the analysis document cover some 
>>mobility issues - 
>>you should contact the author of those doucments to see what 
>>overlap, if any, there is between your proposal and those documents.
>>
>>John
>>
>>    
>>
>>>-----Original Message-----
>>>From: ext Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
>>>Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:14
>>>To: nsis@ietf.org
>>>Subject: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
>>>
>>>
>>>Hi all,
>>>
>>>As John suggested, I tried to sort out requirements (out of
>>>nsis-req-08) 
>>>which are related to mobility and hope they helpful for 
>>>related discussions:
>>>
>>>    5.2 Signaling
>>>Flows...............................................10
>>>    5.2.2 NSIS MUST support path-coupled and MAY support 
>>>path-decoupled
>>>    
>>>signaling.........................................................11
>>>==>  relates to different handling of MIP IP-in-IP
>>>encapsulation (tunnel).
>>>
>>>    5.3
>>>Messaging.....................................................11
>>>    5.3.1 Explicit erasure of state MUST be 
>>>possible..................12
>>>==> related to explicit teardown of obsoleted branch. Maybe 
>>>      
>>>
>>a flag to 
>>    
>>
>>>indicate whether to do explicit teardown.
>>>
>>>    5.4 Control
>>>Information...........................................13
>>>    5.4.3 State MUST be addressed independent of flow 
>>>identification..14
>>>==> mobility support may make use of this requirement.
>>>
>>>    5.5
>>>Performance...................................................15
>>>    5.5.1 
>>>Scalability.................................................15
>>>==> NSIS "MUST be scalable in number of hand-offs in mobile 
>>>environments." This can be related to, e.g., capability of 
>>>dealing with 
>>>pingpong, fast movement.
>>>
>>>    5.6
>>>Flexibility...................................................16
>>>    5.6.2 Flexibility in the placement of the NSIS 
>>>Initiator/Responder16
>>>==> somehow related to the issue of either MN or CN as data sender.
>>>
>>>    5.8
>>>Mobility......................................................19
>>>    5.8.1 Allow efficient service re-establishment after 
>>>handover.....19
>>>==> effectively establish states in new path due to handover.
>>>
>>>    5.9 Interworking with other protocols and
>>>techniques..............19
>>>    5.9.1 MUST interwork with IP 
>>>tunneling............................19
>>>==> IP-in-IP encapsulation is one type of IP tunnels
>>>
>>>    5.9.2 MUST NOT constrain either to IPv4 or
>>>IPv6...................19
>>>==> should be able to work with both Mobile IPv4 protocols 
>>>      
>>>
>>and Mobile 
>>    
>>
>>>IPv6 protocols.
>>>
>>>    5.9.5 SHOULD work with seamless handoff
>>>protocols.................20
>>>==> e.g., CTP
>>>
>>>Cheers,
>>>Xiaoming
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>nsis mailing list
>>>nsis@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>nsis mailing list
>>nsis@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>>
>>    
>>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>nsis mailing list
>nsis@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>
>  
>


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Charles Q. Shen wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid001401c34bce$3dedb2c0$c7f027a0@president">
  <pre wrap="">John, 

You are certainly right that it is pre-mature to make any conclusive
arguments about NSIS-mobility details at this time. However, since the
framework document is approaching its completion, while work from
RSVP-mobility to NSIS-mobility is probably still in its early phase, I
do not feel you can fit everything into the framework/requirement
document. 

My personal view is: aside from puting matured framework level mobility
issues into the framework document, keeping a separate disscussion
regarding ongoing NSIS-mobility details would be beneficial. 
  </pre>
</blockquote>
I agree with Charles's opinion. Some discussion is needed to reflect on
some issues already mentioned in the Framework, but that need a more
detailed analysis, such as seamless handover support for mobile
real-time data transmission.<br>
<br>
Cheers,<br>
Paulo<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid001401c34bce$3dedb2c0$c7f027a0@president">
  <pre wrap="">
Regards,

Charles


  </pre>
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">-----Original Message-----
From: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org">nsis-admin@ietf.org</a> [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org">mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org</a>] On 
Behalf Of <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com">john.loughney@nokia.com</a>
Sent: Monday, July 14, 2003 3:03 PM
To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de">fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de</a>; <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08


Hi Xiaoming,

I think it is premature to do this at the moment - the 
framework document &amp; the analysis document cover some 
mobility issues - 
you should contact the author of those doucments to see what 
overlap, if any, there is between your proposal and those documents.

John

    </pre>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">-----Original Message-----
From: ext Xiaoming Fu [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de">mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de</a>]
Sent: 14 July, 2003 21:14
To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
Subject: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08


Hi all,

As John suggested, I tried to sort out requirements (out of
nsis-req-08) 
which are related to mobility and hope they helpful for 
related discussions:

    5.2 Signaling
Flows...............................................10
    5.2.2 NSIS MUST support path-coupled and MAY support 
path-decoupled
    
signaling.........................................................11
==&gt;  relates to different handling of MIP IP-in-IP
encapsulation (tunnel).

    5.3
Messaging.....................................................11
    5.3.1 Explicit erasure of state MUST be 
possible..................12
==&gt; related to explicit teardown of obsoleted branch. Maybe 
      </pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre wrap="">a flag to 
    </pre>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">indicate whether to do explicit teardown.

    5.4 Control
Information...........................................13
    5.4.3 State MUST be addressed independent of flow 
identification..14
==&gt; mobility support may make use of this requirement.

    5.5
Performance...................................................15
    5.5.1 
Scalability.................................................15
==&gt; NSIS "MUST be scalable in number of hand-offs in mobile 
environments." This can be related to, e.g., capability of 
dealing with 
pingpong, fast movement.

    5.6
Flexibility...................................................16
    5.6.2 Flexibility in the placement of the NSIS 
Initiator/Responder16
==&gt; somehow related to the issue of either MN or CN as data sender.

    5.8
Mobility......................................................19
    5.8.1 Allow efficient service re-establishment after 
handover.....19
==&gt; effectively establish states in new path due to handover.

    5.9 Interworking with other protocols and
techniques..............19
    5.9.1 MUST interwork with IP 
tunneling............................19
==&gt; IP-in-IP encapsulation is one type of IP tunnels

    5.9.2 MUST NOT constrain either to IPv4 or
IPv6...................19
==&gt; should be able to work with both Mobile IPv4 protocols 
      </pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre wrap="">and Mobile 
    </pre>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">IPv6 protocols.

    5.9.5 SHOULD work with seamless handoff
protocols.................20
==&gt; e.g., CTP

Cheers,
Xiaoming


_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

      </pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

    </pre>
  </blockquote>
  <pre wrap=""><!---->

_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

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</blockquote>
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Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2003 10:31:08 +0200
From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
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To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
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>> So, maybe (d) would be nice. Unfortunately, I think (d) is impossible 
>> using a fully reliable transport; however, I'm now
>> pretty (90%) sure that something sensible can be done by
>> re-using DCCP, and selectively layering reliability on top
>> (where needed). (You could also use a different congestion response,
>> like TFRC, which might be nice. In fact, DCCP seems to have *lots*
>> of nice features...)
> 
> 
> Definitely a possible choice. I'm not convinced it has to be the only 
> one. I'm somewhat perplexed by the reliability issue. I can't see how a 
> reasonable QoS mechanism, for example, can be built without fast 
> hop-by-hop recovery, where reasonable includes a call setup time that 
> falls within the well-known human factors limits of post-"dial" delays.

If the "well-known human factors limits of post-"dial" delays" are the 
metric I would assume end-to-end reliability might be enough (implies 
that reliability is an NSLP issue).

If the setup delay impacts an ongoing session (re-setup at a new 
location), setup delay needs to be in another range.

Concerning recovery I wonder what the proposed trigger mechanisms are to 
detect the problem and start the recovery mechanism. So far I was 
assuming that we relay on the routing protocol or change in forwarding 
table.
What is the detection time of a failure using for example TCP in 
function of the various timeout settings?


> 
> 
>>

>> In fact, we have up to now had an object in the framework (the
>> flow id, maybe a better name would be 'flow routing information')
>> which supposedly exposed at the NTLP level all the information needed 
>> to work out where to send a signalling packet. In addition,
>> this object could be processed at an NTLP-aware NAT to provide
>> a traversal service for most signalling applications. I'd be 
>> interested to know if people think this should actually be reflected
>> in NTLP design (or, if they think it is just a terminally silly idea - 
>> in which case I can take it out of the framework as well).
>

I really like it to keep it in. The NTLP routing decision might even be 
based on that information. This would solve the DA only routed problem.
I also like it for the NAT traversal case.


> 
> It is probably still somewhat vague what this is meant to be. Can I take 
> this to mean "simple flow descriptor", basically the 5-tuple + IPv6 flow 
> ID + DSCP?
>

Yes I think so.

Marcus



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john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> Hi Marcus,
> 
> 
>>>>Is an adaption to an underlying L2 technology the relevant 
>>
>>decision criterion. 
>>
>>>
>>>In my mind, it is hard to say, I do feel uncomfortable about adapting layer 3
>>>4/5 protocols based upon layer 2 considerations - I am not sure if we have
>>>any good ways to do this & I am not sure it is in our charter to invent them.
>>>
>>
>>For the NTLP this might turn into a configuration capability on each 
>>single node/interface. Whether this is a good idea or not I have not 
>>made up my mind. And you do not need to invent something, but we have to 
>>talk about the knobs and where they are placed, and which entity control 
>>the knob anyway.
> 
> 
> This sounds more & more like operational issues with the protocols or 
> issues how the protocol can be run over specific layer-2s or in 
> special deployments.  I think, but I could be wrong, that these
> belong best outside of the protocol document, but in an operational
> doc, deployment doc, applicability statement, bcp-type document,
> for example.

Sure they partly are. But some of the knobs might be turned using the 
NTLP protocol, thats where we need decisions.


>>Can you give an argument, which makes you think the end-point is a good 
>>idea? Given it is the end-point. Is it the NSLP on the end-point, the 
>>user(application) using the protocol, or the NTLP based on 
>>information about L2 access technology.
> 
> 
> The end-user is requesting service, s authorized for the service and is 
> in the best position to know what is his expectations for the service.
> I have an allergic reaction to the suggestion that the network better
> understands my wants / my needs as an enduser than I do.  However,
> I could be mis-interpretying your comments.

So do you want to specify as a user whether we should use reliable NTLP 
or not?

Marcus


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> Point of procedure.  I am working from the assumption that we are
> working on (some) solutions where per-hop reliability is not needed,

Strong emphasis on "some"

> therefore NTLP should be able to run in a mode without per-hop 
> reliability.  

I think nobody is against it and both proposals on the table do it.

Marcus




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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Hi Marcus,

> > This sounds more & more like operational issues with the protocols =
or=20
> > issues how the protocol can be run over specific layer-2s or in=20
> > special deployments.  I think, but I could be wrong, that these
> > belong best outside of the protocol document, but in an operational
> > doc, deployment doc, applicability statement, bcp-type document,
> > for example.
>=20
> Sure they partly are. But some of the knobs might be turned using the=20
> NTLP protocol, thats where we need decisions.

Yes, the devil is in the details, so maybe we need to take this as a
case-by-case basis during the protocol design.

> > The end-user is requesting services authorized for the service and =
is=20
> > in the best position to know what is his expectations for  the =
service.
> > I have an allergic reaction to the suggestion that the network =
better
> > understands my wants / my needs as an enduser than I do.  However,
> > I could be mis-interpretying your comments.
>=20
> So do you want to specify as a user whether we should use reliable =
NTLP=20
> or not?

Well, there may be an operational mode that the TCP setup time may be an
issue; fast mobility may be one of them.  We could hypothesize about
these, perhaps these are issues that the NSLPs should consider as they
start their work and make recommendations to the NTLP authors.

John

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Marcus Brunner wrote:


> If the "well-known human factors limits of post-"dial" delays" are the 
> metric I would assume end-to-end reliability might be enough (implies 
> that reliability is an NSLP issue).

I'm not sure I agree. The difficulty is that NSLP has a really hard time 
picking the appropriate timer on the first message. The first message is 
likely to trigger a number of AAA operations along the way, which can 
vary greatly in their delay. Thus, you'll either pick a very 
conservative delay appropriate for multiple AAA invocations (say, 3 
seconds) or you pick an aggressive one reflecting a conservative 
estimate of network round-trip time (say, 500 ms). If you take the long 
value, a single packet loss means that you are talking about delays 
exceeding the typical post-dial delay, while the lower one will result 
in spurious retransmissions that could easily multiply the number of 
messages by a factor of 5 or 6.

> 
> Concerning recovery I wonder what the proposed trigger mechanisms are to 
> detect the problem and start the recovery mechanism. So far I was 
> assuming that we relay on the routing protocol or change in forwarding 
> table.
> What is the detection time of a failure using for example TCP in 
> function of the various timeout settings?

There is no difference - you detect that the next hop has changed (e.g., 
by triggers) and re-send the message.




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Hi Jukka

Please receive a proposed text related to the analysis of the RMD 
(Resource Management in DIffserv) specification that can be used as 
an input (section) for the NSIS Analyisis draft.
If there are comments please let me know!
Please note that during the following three weeks I will be out of
office.
You could forward the comments to Lars Westberg or Attila Bader!

Best Regards,
Georgios

-----------------------------------------------------
x.x Resource Management in Diffserv (RMD)

Resource Management in Diffserv (RMD) [WeCs02] represents a QoS framework

that extends the Diffserv principles with new ones necessary to provide 
dynamic resource management and admission control in Diffserv domains.  
The development of RMD was initially based on two main design goals. The 
first one was that RMD should be stateless on some nodes (e.g. interior 
routers), i.e., no per-flow state is used, unlike RSVP [RFC2205], which 
installs one state for each flow on all the nodes in the communication
path. 
The second goal was that RMD even though stateless should associate each 
reservation to each flow and therefore should provide certain QoS
guarantees
for each flow. These two goals are met by separating a complex reservation

mechanism used in some nodes from a much simpler reservation mechanism 
needed in other nodes. In particular, it is assumed that some nodes will 
support &#8220;per-flow states&#8221;, i.e., are stateful. In RMD these
nodes are 
denoted as &#8220;edge nodes&#8221;. However, any nodes that maintain
reservation states
could fulfill this requirement. The second assumption is that the nodes 
between these stateful nodes can have a simpler execution by using only
one 
aggregated reservation state per traffic class. In RMD these nodes are 
denoted as interior nodes. 
The separation of the complex per domain reservation mechanism from the 
simple reservation mechanism needed for a node is accomplished by using
two types of protocols the Per Domain Reservation (PDR) protocol and the 
Per Hop Reservation (PHR) protocol. The PDR protocol is used for resource
management in the whole Diffserv domain and is used only on the edge
nodes, 
while the PHR protocol is used for managing resources for each node, on 
per hop basis and per traffic class. The PDR protocol can either be a
newly 
defined protocol or an existing one such as RSVP [RFC2205], while the PHR

protocol is a newly defined protocol. The PDR reservation states at the 
edge nodes are identified by a flow Identifier (ID). This flow ID depends

on the used existing reservation protocol. For example, a flow ID 
specification can be a combination of source IP address, destination IP 
address and the Diffserv Code Point (DSCP) field. The PHR reservation 
states are per traffic class aggregated states that are identified 
by a DSCP. The edges will generate reservation requests for each flow, 
similar to RSVP, but in order to achieve simplicity in interior nodes, a 
measurement-based approach on the number of the requested resources per 
traffic class, i.e., per Per Hop Behavior, is applied. In practice, this 
means that the aggregated reservation state per traffic class in the 
interior nodes is updated by a measurement-based algorithm that uses the 
requested and available resources as input. Moreover, RMD applies
admission 
control on resource parameter values included in the reservation requests,

i.e. signaling messages and available resources per traffic class.

RMD is a sender oriented reservation protocol that can only be used for
unicast reservations and can be applied with both IP versions, IPv4 and 
IPv6. Multicast reservations are not supported.  
Due to the fact that RMD is used as a sender oriented reservation
protocol, 
backward reservation states in the interior nodes are not supported. The 
RMD protocol can support both uni-directional and bi-directional 
reservations.


The authors of the RMD proposal show in [WeCs02] that the number of 
simultaneously maintained RMD reservation states in the interior nodes are

independent of the number of simultaneously maintained flows. The number
of 
simultaneously maintained RMD reservation states in the interior nodes is

equal to the number of the supported traffic classes, i.e., supported 
Diffserv Per Hop Behaviors.

Compared to RSVP, the RMD protocol provides limited functionality, 
i.e., no security and policy based interworking are provided. 
Due to the limited functionality of the RMD protocol, its 
messages are short and consume a relatively low amount of bandwidth.

The authors of the RMD proposal show in [WeCs02] that the message 
processing of the RMD protocol implementation is considerable lower 
than the message processing of the ISI RSVP protocol implementation. This

is mainly due to the limited functionality supported by the RMD protocol.

Regarding the deployability issues, RMD is an edge to edge protocol. 
Therefore, it has to be integrated/interoperated with an end to end 
reservation protocol.


References:
--------------
[RFC2205] given in version 03 of the Analysis draft

[WeCs02] Westberg, L., Csaszar, A., Karagiannis, G., Marquetant, A., 
Partain, D., Pop, O., Rexhepi, V., Szabo, R., Takacs, A., "Resource 
Management in Diffserv: A Functionality and Performance Behavior
Overview", 
Seventh International Workshop on Protocols for 
High-Speed Networks - PfHSN 2002, 2002.

 

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Hi John


>Well, there may be an operational mode that the TCP setup time may be an
>issue; fast mobility may be one of them.  We could hypothesize about
>these, perhaps these are issues that the NSLPs should consider as they
>start their work and make recommendations to the NTLP authors.

I agree! 

Best regards,
Georgios



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Paulo,

Sure, go ahead with discussions based on what stands in the framework. I 
think Robert would be glad to get some input on mobility aspects.

Marcus

> I agree with Charles's opinion. Some discussion is needed to reflect on 
> some issues already mentioned in the Framework, but that need a more 
> detailed analysis, such as seamless handover support for mobile 
> real-time data transmission.


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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
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> Paulo,
>
> Sure, go ahead with discussions based on what stands in the framework. I
> think Robert would be glad to get some input on mobility aspects.

Yes please, and do it sooooooon (and/or catch me this week).

Actually, there was a more detailed discussion of some of the issues
you mention in the -00/-01 versions (i can provide them if you don't
have access). We took it out, partly because it seemed that no-one
apart from the author was interested in the subject.

A tiny summary of the proposed way forwards for those who are
interested (in fact, the following - along with a potted summary
of the overall analysis - might be the basis of the eventual
framework content, with all the detail moved to another document):

The framework layer split concept is that the NTLP works in terms
of packet streams ("flows") which are identifiable by nodes inside
the network. This is reflected practically in the fact that the
NTLP universe revolves around "flow-ids" (3/5 tuple etc. - see other
emails). The NTLP knows how to route (and re-route) signalling
messages along the path corresponding to a flow ID, but it
doesn't know anything about any relationships between different
flows (i.e. with different flow IDs).

An IP-visible mobility event (MIP/SIP/HIP/...) results intrinsically
in a new flow ID and also an update of the packet classifiers and
so on. The NTLP doesn't know how the new flow relates to the old;
NSIS-aware nodes which see both flows handle the interactions
between them at the signalling application level (i.e. in the NSLP).
Essentially, the same reasoning applies to the multihoming case, i.e.
it's an NSLP issue.

The NTLP has a greater proportion of the responsibility for
simple re-routing events (actually, the same responsibility, but
the re-routing problem is much simpler for several reasons). Those
people interested in the general problem of seamless handover
support would first have to consider whether that is done by
re-routing (i.e. there are updated host routes in the network)
or by changing IP address. That's a nice subject.

cheers,

robert h.

>
> Marcus
>
> > I agree with Charles's opinion. Some discussion is needed to reflect on
> > some issues already mentioned in the Framework, but that need a more
> > detailed analysis, such as seamless handover support for mobile
> > real-time data transmission.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>

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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
Cc: john.loughney@nokia.com, nsis@ietf.org
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2003 13:54:50 +0000 (GMT)
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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dear all,

I confess to being a bit confused by this conversation.

The performance attributes that the NTLP should achieve for
any particular message are selected by the NSLP instance
on the node where it is generated. But, that node may
be anywhere in the network along the path, and may have
no relationship with the initiating NSLP and certainly
not the user. And the attributes typically invoked may
vary wildly along the path, even for a single application
and a single flow. (Just like RSVP, in fact.)

The NTLP specification needs to be powerful enough that
it can provide these performance attributes (when
requested) in a wide range of environments (including
different link types). But the NSLP (and especially the
user) has no idea and doesn't care how this is done (as
we have discussed and agreed on this list several times).
[To make an analogy: in an ideal world, users/applications
would rely on strong e2e checksums to provided e2e data
integrity, regardless of the mechanisms used to move
messages on interior links.]

I definitely agree that NTLP-over-foo/NTLP-in-bar-environments
information should be in separate documents. But, if the
NTLP base specification lacks the necessary capabilities,
such documents would be hard to write.

John, Marcus - have I just violently agreed with both
of you, or is there a real issue here?

cheers,

r.


On Thu, 17 Jul 2003, Marcus Brunner wrote:

> Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2003 10:44:19 +0200
> From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
> To: john.loughney@nokia.com
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
>
>
>
> john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
>
> > Hi Marcus,
> >
> >
> >>>>Is an adaption to an underlying L2 technology the relevant
> >>
> >>decision criterion.
> >>
> >>>
> >>>In my mind, it is hard to say, I do feel uncomfortable about adapting layer 3
> >>>4/5 protocols based upon layer 2 considerations - I am not sure if we have
> >>>any good ways to do this & I am not sure it is in our charter to invent them.
> >>>
> >>
> >>For the NTLP this might turn into a configuration capability on each
> >>single node/interface. Whether this is a good idea or not I have not
> >>made up my mind. And you do not need to invent something, but we have to
> >>talk about the knobs and where they are placed, and which entity control
> >>the knob anyway.
> >
> >
> > This sounds more & more like operational issues with the protocols or
> > issues how the protocol can be run over specific layer-2s or in
> > special deployments.  I think, but I could be wrong, that these
> > belong best outside of the protocol document, but in an operational
> > doc, deployment doc, applicability statement, bcp-type document,
> > for example.
>
> Sure they partly are. But some of the knobs might be turned using the
> NTLP protocol, thats where we need decisions.
>
>
> >>Can you give an argument, which makes you think the end-point is a good
> >>idea? Given it is the end-point. Is it the NSLP on the end-point, the
> >>user(application) using the protocol, or the NTLP based on
> >>information about L2 access technology.
> >
> >
> > The end-user is requesting service, s authorized for the service and is
> > in the best position to know what is his expectations for the service.
> > I have an allergic reaction to the suggestion that the network better
> > understands my wants / my needs as an enduser than I do.  However,
> > I could be mis-interpretying your comments.
>
> So do you want to specify as a user whether we should use reliable NTLP
> or not?
>
> Marcus
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>

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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
Cc: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        "Hancock, Robert"
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> >> In fact, we have up to now had an object in the framework (the
> >> flow id, maybe a better name would be 'flow routing information')
> >> which supposedly exposed at the NTLP level all the information needed
> >> to work out where to send a signalling packet. In addition,
> >> this object could be processed at an NTLP-aware NAT to provide
> >> a traversal service for most signalling applications. I'd be
> >> interested to know if people think this should actually be reflected
> >> in NTLP design (or, if they think it is just a terminally silly idea -
> >> in which case I can take it out of the framework as well).
> >
>
> I really like it to keep it in. The NTLP routing decision might even be
> based on that information. This would solve the DA only routed problem.
> I also like it for the NAT traversal case.

Good, thanks.
As an example of what we are trying to achieve, at least one of the recent
rash of QoS-NSLP proposals is I believe automatically transparent
to any NAT provided that that  NAT is NTLP aware, since the NSLP
carries no
addressing information itself. In other words, an NTLP-aware NAT
can support any NSLP without needing a signalling ALG, provided that
the NSLP refers to what it wants to talk about as "this flow" rather
than "the flow with IP SA fred and IP DA bert and protocol alf...".

>
>
> >
> > It is probably still somewhat vague what this is meant to be. Can I take
> > this to mean "simple flow descriptor", basically the 5-tuple + IPv6 flow
> > ID + DSCP?
> >
>

Conceptually this is it. There are questions about exactly what
fields are needed and which can be wildcarded - I'd leave these as
details for the NTLP designers. The problem with wildcarding is that
at some point the flow path becomes ambiguous (packets could go in more
than one direction) - at that stage, I suppose, the NTLP could
report an "I'm giving up here" error message (could be complicated,
but useful in some access scenarios).

r.

> Yes I think so.
>
> Marcus
>
>

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From: Roland Bless <bless@tm.uka.de>
To: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
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> In fact, we have up to now had an object in the framework (the
> flow id, maybe a better name would be 'flow routing information')
> which supposedly exposed at the NTLP level all the information 
> needed to work out where to send a signalling packet. In addition,
> this object could be processed at an NTLP-aware NAT to provide
> a traversal service for most signalling applications. I'd be 
> interested to know if people think this should actually be reflected
> in NTLP design (or, if they think it is just a terminally silly 
> idea - in which case I can take it out of the framework as well).

Yes, I think it should be reflected and I'd like to keep it 
in for the same reasons that Marcus stated.

Regards,
 Roland

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From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
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Robert,
> I definitely agree that NTLP-over-foo/NTLP-in-bar-environments
> information should be in separate documents. But, if the
> NTLP base specification lacks the necessary capabilities,
> such documents would be hard to write.

Basically the question I have is who makes the decisions on what mode of 
operation the NTLP is running on, and what are the criterions.

> John, Marcus - have I just violently agreed with both
> of you, or is there a real issue here?

As far as I understood John he is not willing to let the network decide 
on that.

Marcus

> 
> cheers,
> 
> r.
> 
> 
> On Thu, 17 Jul 2003, Marcus Brunner wrote:
> 
> 
>>Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2003 10:44:19 +0200
>>From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
>>To: john.loughney@nokia.com
>>Cc: nsis@ietf.org
>>Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
>>
>>
>>
>>john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
>>
>>
>>>Hi Marcus,
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>>>>Is an adaption to an underlying L2 technology the relevant
>>>>
>>>>decision criterion.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>In my mind, it is hard to say, I do feel uncomfortable about adapting layer 3
>>>>>4/5 protocols based upon layer 2 considerations - I am not sure if we have
>>>>>any good ways to do this & I am not sure it is in our charter to invent them.
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>For the NTLP this might turn into a configuration capability on each
>>>>single node/interface. Whether this is a good idea or not I have not
>>>>made up my mind. And you do not need to invent something, but we have to
>>>>talk about the knobs and where they are placed, and which entity control
>>>>the knob anyway.
>>>
>>>
>>>This sounds more & more like operational issues with the protocols or
>>>issues how the protocol can be run over specific layer-2s or in
>>>special deployments.  I think, but I could be wrong, that these
>>>belong best outside of the protocol document, but in an operational
>>>doc, deployment doc, applicability statement, bcp-type document,
>>>for example.
>>
>>Sure they partly are. But some of the knobs might be turned using the
>>NTLP protocol, thats where we need decisions.
>>
>>
>>
>>>>Can you give an argument, which makes you think the end-point is a good
>>>>idea? Given it is the end-point. Is it the NSLP on the end-point, the
>>>>user(application) using the protocol, or the NTLP based on
>>>>information about L2 access technology.
>>>
>>>
>>>The end-user is requesting service, s authorized for the service and is
>>>in the best position to know what is his expectations for the service.
>>>I have an allergic reaction to the suggestion that the network better
>>>understands my wants / my needs as an enduser than I do.  However,
>>>I could be mis-interpretying your comments.
>>
>>So do you want to specify as a user whether we should use reliable NTLP
>>or not?
>>
>>Marcus
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>nsis mailing list
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2003 20:30:34 +0300
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Hi Marcus,

> > I definitely agree that NTLP-over-foo/NTLP-in-bar-environments
> > information should be in separate documents. But, if the
> > NTLP base specification lacks the necessary capabilities,
> > such documents would be hard to write.
>=20
> Basically the question I have is who makes the decisions on=20
> what mode of=20
> operation the NTLP is running on, and what are the criterions.
>=20
> > John, Marcus - have I just violently agreed with both
> > of you, or is there a real issue here?
>=20
> As far as I understood John he is not willing to let the=20
> network decide on that.

That may be too strongly stated.  I think the endpoints should
decide in the cases that matter.  I don't want to apply a blanket
statement untill I see the proposals.

John

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From: Roland Bless <bless@tm.uka.de>
To: "karagiannis" <karagian@cs.utwente.nl>
Cc: jmanner@cs.Helsinki.FI, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] input (over RMD) for NSIS Analysis draft
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Hi Georgios,

> Please receive a proposed text related to the analysis of the RMD 
> (Resource Management in DIffserv) specification that can be used as 
> an input (section) for the NSIS Analyisis draft.
> If there are comments please let me know!

I think it should be emphasized that RMD is an _intra-domain_ 
resource management scheme. Further comments below.

> The authors of the RMD proposal show in [WeCs02] that the number of 
> simultaneously maintained RMD reservation states in the interior nodes are
> 
> independent of the number of simultaneously maintained flows. The number
> of 
> simultaneously maintained RMD reservation states in the interior nodes is
> 
> equal to the number of the supported traffic classes, i.e., supported 
> Diffserv Per Hop Behaviors.

What about the number of messages that has to be processed 
per interior node?

> Regarding the deployability issues, RMD is an edge to edge protocol. 
                                              ^^^
                                               intra-domain

Wouldn't it be good to mention special requirements for the signaling
protocol to make your scheme work?

Regards,
 Roland

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jul 18 05:58:05 2003
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Hi Roland

Thank you very much for your comments.

Please see my comments in line:

>I think it should be emphasized that RMD is an _intra-domain_ 
>resource management scheme.
 
We tried to emphasize that it is an edge to edge resource management
scheme.
Would it be okay for you if we change the following sentence from:

`Resource Management in Diffserv (RMD) [WeCs02] represents a QoS
framework
that extends the Diffserv principles with new ones necessary to provide
dynamic resource management and admission control in Diffserv domains.`

Into:

`Resource Management in Diffserv (RMD) [WeCs02] represents an edge to edge

(intra-domain) QoS framework that extends the Diffserv principles with new

ones necessary to providedynamic resource management and admission control

in Diffserv domains.`

>What about the number of messages that has to be processed 
>per interior node?

You are right:
We would like to add the following sentece:

`The number of required refresh messages in the RMD protocol is the same 
as the number of required refresh messages in RSVP [RFC2205].` 

>
>> Regarding the deployability issues, RMD is an edge to edge protocol. 
>                                              ^^^
>                                               intra-domain
>

Will the following change be okay:
From:
`Regarding the deployability issues, RMD is an edge to edge protocol.`

INto:
`Regarding the deployability issues, RMD is an 
edge to edge (intra-domain) protocol.`


>Wouldn't it be good to mention special requirements for the signaling
>protocol to make your scheme work?

What do you mean by special requirements?

Best Regards,
Georgios



Dr. ir. Georgios Karagiannis
Group: Design and Analysis of Communication Systems (DACS)
University of Twente
The Netherlands



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jul 18 11:45:08 2003
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Subject: [NSIS] NSLP design draft: way forward
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Hi all,

During the NSIS meeting this week, it was decided to work towards a joint 
NSLP draft. The editing team consists of one representative of the author 
team of each individual NSLP contribution. This mail outlines the way in 
which we intend to proceed.
The main purpose of the draft is the core NSLP design. The draft may also 
identify the need for other documents describing e.g. MIB, operational 
practices and /or bearer service definition. The currently proposed plan is 
agreed between the editors and the chair and may be updated at each IETF 
meeting.
The intention is to have a -00 version by mid september and a -01 version by 
the next IETF meeting (Minneapolis).
The -00 version would be an open, high-level document inviting comments from 
the group. It would contain a basic outline of operation, suggestions for 
additional documentation, potentially additional NTLP requirements and IANA 
considerations related to protocol extensibility (way of creating new 
objects) and QoS models (what makes up a QoS model, how is this reflected in 
standards procedure and can we map RSVP to it as an example).  It would also 
contain a section describing security and AAA interactions mainly focused on 
the parties involved in the authorization decision and where it is invoked 
requirements on AAA object). The (many) open issues will be captured in a 
separate The purpose of the -01 version would be two-fold. On the one hand, 
more protocol issues will be discussed (examples include S/R operation and 
reduced state operation). On the other hand, the existing protocol basics 
will be worked out in more detail (message flows, high-level message 
formats).
Later versions of the document will will contain additional functionality 
including aggregation, tunnel management, bidirectional/proxy operation and 
priority/preemption
We welcome inputs from the group. For this purpose, open conference calls 
will be organized for which a number of lines will be available for 
interested parties. An agenda of discussion points will be circulated 
beforehand.

Best regards,
Sven

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Subject: Re: [NSIS] input (over RMD) for NSIS Analysis draft
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Hi,

I've read the draft of proposal for RSVPv2 NSLP. I have some
questions.

- For bi-directional reservation, you call NI (sender) and
NR(receiver), it makes me confused because both of end hosts can be
receiver and sender. Supposing the bi-directional reservation between
A (and RSVPv2 aware) and B (another RSVPv2 aware end host) is
initiated by  A (NI) . The two  reservation can be established on two
different paths. The announcement of reservation success (A -> B) is
carried by packet Path(NslpPathInit) from B to A. Because of asymmetry
of routing, it is possible that the intermediate NTLP stateful nodes
between A and B don't receive this message to know the success of
reservation. They will only know it after receiving the refresh
message from sender. In case unidirectional reservation, the
intermediate nodes know it by receiving the NslpResvInit. Why is there
this difference ? Is it useful ?

- I don't understand how the NTLP stateless node can support the
routing change. No state is established when NTLP stateless receives a
Path(NslpPathInit) message. When NTLP stateless receives a
Path(NslpPahInit), it adds the new required reservation units of  a
traffic class. When it receives a PathTear(NslpPathTear), it will
subtract the required resource. As previous mail, you said
"simultaneously maintained RMD reservation states in the interior
nodes is equal to the number of the supported traffic classes", that
means if there is a routing change, a deletion of a flux can delete a
required resource on a intermediate NTLP stateless node which was not
previously on the data path.

- I don't understand refresh mechanism for the interior NTLP stateless
node either. How does a interior NTLP stateless nodes know a refresh
message belongs to a specific flux of a traffic class ? If there is
not the refresh for a flux in the NTLP stateless nodes, what does the
refresh mean here ?

- For the severe congestion handling, interruption of a flux which is
reserved doesn't seems interesting to me. If I want to reserve
resource for a VoIP communication, it's better if network refuses the
connection before I can begin the conversation rather than disrupt my
communication.

Nary Tra
ENST, Paris


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 21 03:25:31 2003
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com, mshore@cisco.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: [NSIS] apology to Melinda
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 09:22:58 +0200
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Melinda, John

|Also, I feel that
|R=FCdiger behavior was inappropriate for a professional meeting.=20
|I should have asked R=FCdiger to display more professional=20
|courtesy at the mic.

I'm sorry if I offended somebody and I apologize to all who've felt=20
offended by me.=20
I especially apologize to Melinda. I didn't want to offend you=20
personally, nor did I want to challenge your professional skills.

Regards, R=FCdiger

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 21 04:48:32 2003
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] comments on NTLP design proposals
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 10:43:15 +0200
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John,

|> i don't think there is anyone arguing at the moment that *all*=20
|> signalling should be sent reliably.
|
|Several people have come across as stating that, R=FCdiger's comment
|struck me as if he was of this opinion,=20

I'm a backbone engineer and my experience with backbone signaling=20
is that it is in many cases using reliable transport. It further=20
is in some way congestion aware. BGP is around for a while, but=20
also the later LDP uses TCP as a transport ptotocol. If a=20
new signaling protocol may create a heavy signaling and/or=20
processing load in the backbone, it should:
- be congestion aware to enable backbone routers to reduce=20
  signaling load.
- minimize related state maintenance within backbone routers=20
 (reliable transport between adjacent NTLP peers seems to=20
 reach this aim better than NTLP per session message counting).

I expect the signaling relations within the backbone to be=20
rather stable. Connection oriented transport seems to be=20
possible. Awareness of the next NTLP message receiver =20
may help to secure signaling (connection oriented transport
alone however won't do, an NTLP keep alive mechanism is required).

The connection between backbone NTLP peers is fired up and
then be kept alive for a long time.=20

It is perfectly clear to me that an environment with a low amount=20
of signaling messages and frequent changes in signaling relations=20
results in other requirements. The same holds for stable=20
signaling relations with a rather low amount of message exchanges.
But what's relevant in parts of the network may not be valid for=20
the whole network.=20

Regards, R=FCdiger



=20

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 21 05:37:27 2003
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 11:30:47 +0200
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John,

|I will=20
|outline a scenario. Two end hosts, A & B, need to setup=20
|some signaling between them.  If TCP is used as a transport,
|it is not a simple 3 way handshake that is needed. If A & B=20
|are x NTLP hops away, they will need x TCP connections,
|which, depending upon implementation, will result a 3 way handshake=20
|between x+1 nodes, which is a significant problem.

"Reliable transport" for signaling applications is an issue whith
ample operational and implementation experience. Hence I'd suggest=20
that we stick to the "lessons learned" paradigm instead
of constructing abstract scenarios. I've e.g. refered to BGP and LDP=20
as signaling protocols making use of TCP.=20
I'd ask you to point out issues with TCP transport based on past
experience. I'd appreciate if you could =20

- provide reference to any signaling protocol which wasn't deployed in=20
  backbone networks due to TCP transport.

- provide reference to a TCP based backbone signaling protocol which=20
  will result in an NSIS signaling failure due to TCP transport. =20

When answering, please keep in mind that I'm not asking to have NTLP=20
reliable transport as the only allowed mode of operation.=20

Regards, R=FCdiger



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 21 06:19:28 2003
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: svenvandenbosch@hotmail.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] NSLP design draft: way forward
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 12:16:46 +0200
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Sven,

|QoS models (what makes up a QoS model, how is=20
|this reflected in standards procedure and can=20
|we map RSVP to it as an example). =20

To me a minimum model seems to be to have
- a QoS service id which is the first QoS specific=20
  object read by NSLP. An example of the meaning=20
  in the case of RSVP may be "native IntServ"=20
  or "native IntServ controlled load". It may=20
  be useful to have IANA reserved and private coding=20
  space in it.
  The service ID also determines the NSLP mode of=20
  operation. "Native IntServ" is receiver oriented. A=20
  hypothetical "Sender oriented IntServ" may allow=20
  for sender based reservations re-using IntServ=20
  parametrisation (i.e. QoS specific "RESV" objects=20
  in a "PATH" message).
- a QoS service parametrisation. The service=20
  parametrisation is determined by the service ID=20
  (both are coupled non ambiguosly). IANA based service=20
  IDs must or should have a standardised service=20
  parametrisation. In the case of IntServ, here you'd=20
  find the IntServ specific parameters.=20
  Services sufficiently characterised by the service ID=20
  (in terms of DiffServ e.g. qualitative services) don't=20
  require a QoS service parametrisation.=20

This service identification differs from the one used by=20
IntServ. It's more generic, would support one pass=20
reservations and allows for admission control based on=20
sender provided parameters.=20
Space for private services is left while at the same time=20
standardised services may be supported. Interworking=20
with IntServ is possible. Clearly, existing IntServ=20
implementations can't be used to support the above.

A good question is whether we need a generic "QoS NSLP"=20
and a "service ID" beyond. Maybe above syntax described=20
how NSLPs are to be defined in general.=20

Regards, R=FCdiger =20

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From: Scott W Brim <sbrim@cisco.com>
To: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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In-Reply-To: <9F8582E37B2EE5498E76392AEDDCD3FE03DBB540@G8PQD.blf01.telekom.de>; from Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com on Mon, Jul 21, 2003 at 11:30:47AM +0200
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On Mon, Jul 21, 2003 11:30:47AM +0200, Geib, Ruediger allegedly wrote:
> "Reliable transport" for signaling applications is an issue whith
> ample operational and implementation experience. Hence I'd suggest
> that we stick to the "lessons learned" paradigm instead
> of constructing abstract scenarios. I've e.g. refered to BGP and LDP
> as signaling protocols making use of TCP.
> I'd ask you to point out issues with TCP transport based on past
> experience. I'd appreciate if you could
>
> - provide reference to any signaling protocol which wasn't deployed in
>   backbone networks due to TCP transport.
>
> - provide reference to a TCP based backbone signaling protocol which
>   will result in an NSIS signaling failure due to TCP transport.
>
> When answering, please keep in mind that I'm not asking to have NTLP
> reliable transport as the only allowed mode of operation.

A casual lurker speaks up ...  I think the questions are extreme -- can
you provide an example of a protocol which will fail because it does
*not* run over TCP?  Bad protocols don't get far enough for these
questions to be asked.  Thus I consider them rhetorical.  However, if
you want to consider advantages/disadvantages of TCP, consider CR-LDP
versus RSVP-TE.  CR-LDP used a TCP session.  RSVP-TE used its own
reliability mechanisms and did not ask for reliability in its lower
layer.

TCP is designed for stream reliability, not for transaction reliability.
RSVP-TE was able to tune its own timers for its own needs, instead of
using those optimized for the general case of an average application.
It had control over whether, in a retransmission, the same message was
retried, or a new, more up-to-date message was attempted instead.  It
was able to provide more control plane predictability because messages
did not necessarily have to wait for previous messages to be
acknowledged.  When connectivity was lost and thousands of updates
needed to be sent, it could choose whether to serialize them all at the
transport layer (as LDP did with a single TCP connection) or send
some/many in parallel (serializing at the link layer).

People did not reject CR-LDP because it ran on TCP.  However, the fact
that it did was not seen as an advantage.

..swb

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Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 15:37:12 +0200
From: Paulo Mendes <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>
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 <charles@ee.columbia.edu>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
        fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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  Hi Robert,

Below, I wrote  some comments about the framework doc.

Hancock, Robert wrote:

>>Paulo,
>>
>>Sure, go ahead with discussions based on what stands in the framework. I
>>think Robert would be glad to get some input on mobility aspects.
>>    
>>
>
>Yes please, and do it sooooooon (and/or catch me this week).
>
>Actually, there was a more detailed discussion of some of the issues
>you mention in the -00/-01 versions (i can provide them if you don't
>have access). We took it out, partly because it seemed that no-one
>apart from the author was interested in the subject.
>  
>
I'm interested in reading these two previous versions, and I do not have 
access to them :).

>A tiny summary of the proposed way forwards for those who are
>interested (in fact, the following - along with a potted summary
>of the overall analysis - might be the basis of the eventual
>framework content, with all the detail moved to another document):
>
I also agree with this division, as I already mentioned before: a 
complete description of the problems and possible solutions is too dense 
for the framework doc.

>The framework layer split concept is that the NTLP works in terms
>of packet streams ("flows") which are identifiable by nodes inside
>the network. This is reflected practically in the fact that the
>NTLP universe revolves around "flow-ids" (3/5 tuple etc. - see other
>emails). The NTLP knows how to route (and re-route) signalling
>messages along the path corresponding to a flow ID, but it
>doesn't know anything about any relationships between different
>flows (i.e. with different flow IDs).
>  
>
The need for a session ID is already understood as a basic need for 
NTLP.  How can such session ID give support to other issues besides the 
discovery of the cross router, is another matter. For instance, should 
the session ID be tight related with the IP address of the old access 
router? The importance of this issue can depend on the way the protocol 
operates, namely if the release of resources in the old-path is done 
from the cross router or from the old access network.

>An IP-visible mobility event (MIP/SIP/HIP/...) results intrinsically
>in a new flow ID and also an update of the packet classifiers and
>so on. The NTLP doesn't know how the new flow relates to the old;
>NSIS-aware nodes which see both flows handle the interactions
>between them at the signalling application level (i.e. in the NSLP).
>Essentially, the same reasoning applies to the multihoming case, i.e.
>it's an NSLP issue.
>  
>
Besides the session ID, the need for an implementation-neutral way of 
dealing with encapsulation is of major importance. This is already 
mentioned in the -03 version of the framework.

>The NTLP has a greater proportion of the responsibility for
>simple re-routing events (actually, the same responsibility, but
>the re-routing problem is much simpler for several reasons). Those
>people interested in the general problem of seamless handover
>support would first have to consider whether that is done by
>re-routing (i.e. there are updated host routes in the network)
>or by changing IP address. That's a nice subject.
>  
>
The subject of seamless handover is of great importance, because in a 
mobile environment a signaling protocol should avoid the disruptions of 
the quality level of multimedia sessions during or after a handover. As 
mentioned in the framework (section 5.2) "The main issues for a resource 
signaling application are limiting the period after handovers during 
which the resources are not available along the path". Hence, in what 
concerns resource signaling, the quality level of a mobile session 
depends on two main factors:
a) the capacity of the new access network
b) the capacity of the new e2e path

These two issues are of importance since the time available to setup 
resources in the new path are constrained by the time available for the 
handover.
The problem of the capacity of the new access network is somehow 
mentioned in the framework, where in section 5.2.5, it is referred the 
work being done on the Seamoby WG.  It is referred how NSIS can trigger 
context transfer and how NSIS can be used to transport such context 
information. However, there is no reference about the influence that 
CARD or other discovery protocols can have in the operation of NSIS. For 
instance, should/must NSIS be triggered by route advertisements of a 
mobile protocol such as MIP, or should/must NSIS wait for the 
information about the best access network provided by a CARD-like protocol?

Even if the best access network can be provided by a CARD-like protocol, 
there is no insurance that the new e2e path can support the quality 
level required by the session. As said in section 5.1.2 "It is not 
guaranteed that the new path will be able to provide the same 
characteristics that were available on the old path".
On the one hand, if NSIS tries to setup the new path but the minimum 
quality level required by the session is not support, the session is 
disrupted. On the other hand, if the minimum quality level is support, 
but not the desired quality level, some re-negotiation process is 
required, which can take longer time than the time available for the 
handover. In this case, the seamless desired characteristic of the 
handover can not be accomplish.
Therefore, to enhance the support that NSIS can give to seamless 
handovers, it should be mentioned on point 5.2.5 the need to understand 
the relationship between NSIS and some kind of policy-based routing to 
avoid the dependency upon the capacity of the new shortest-e2e path. 
Since section 6.1.3 already mention that any QoS-NSLP has to be able to 
handle QoS-aware  routing, only a pointer to 6.1.3 is needed in section 
5.2.5.

In what concerns section 6.1.3, two approaches are mentioned to make BGP 
QoS-aware. However, from the Router Area Meeting that happened in 
Vienna, it seems that there is no consensus about continuing to extend 
BGP or to use a new protocol to provide the extra required routing 
functionalities. Hence, section 6.1.3 should also consider other future 
options, such as the use of other protocol to signal "QoS-reachability" 
to BGP routers. Probably NSIS can be a candidate for this job, similar 
to the transport of context information between access networks, as 
mentioned in section 5.2.5. To avoid some of the BGP problems, namely 
the convergence time, probably this use of NSIS can be more efficient if 
done decoupled from the data path.

Cheers,
Paulo

>cheers,
>
>robert h.
>
>  
>
>>Marcus
>>
>>    
>>
>>>I agree with Charles's opinion. Some discussion is needed to reflect on
>>>some issues already mentioned in the Framework, but that need a more
>>>detailed analysis, such as seamless handover support for mobile
>>>real-time data transmission.
>>>      
>>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>nsis mailing list
>>nsis@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>>
>>    
>>
>
>--
>Registered Office: Roke Manor Research Ltd, Siemens House, Oldbury, Bracknell,
>Berkshire. RG12 8FZ
>
>The information contained in this e-mail and any attachments is confidential to
>Roke Manor Research Ltd and must not be passed to any third party without
>permission. This communication is for information only and shall not create or
>change any contractual relationship.
>
>  
>


-- 
Paulo Mendes
DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH
Landsberger Str. 312
80687 Munich, Germany
Tel. +49-89-56824-226
Fax. +49-89-56824-300
E-mail: mendes@docomolab-euro.com
http://www.docomoeurolabs.de/



--------------090109090305040808030007
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
  <title></title>
</head>
<body>
<title></title>
       Hi Robert,<br>
 <br>
 Below, I wrote&nbsp; some comments about the framework doc.<br>
 <br>
 Hancock, Robert wrote:<br>
 
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0307171325360.7570-100000@mjw-pc.roke.co.uk">   
  <blockquote type="cite">     
    <pre wrap="">Paulo,

Sure, go ahead with discussions based on what stands in the framework. I
think Robert would be glad to get some input on mobility aspects.
    </pre>
   </blockquote>
   
  <pre wrap=""><!---->
Yes please, and do it sooooooon (and/or catch me this week).

Actually, there was a more detailed discussion of some of the issues
you mention in the -00/-01 versions (i can provide them if you don't
have access). We took it out, partly because it seemed that no-one
apart from the author was interested in the subject.
  </pre>
 </blockquote>
 I'm interested in reading these two previous versions, and I do not have 
access to them :).<br>
 
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0307171325360.7570-100000@mjw-pc.roke.co.uk">   
  <pre wrap="">A tiny summary of the proposed way forwards for those who are
interested (in fact, the following - along with a potted summary
of the overall analysis - might be the basis of the eventual
framework content, with all the detail moved to another document):</pre>
 </blockquote>
 I also agree with this division, as I already mentioned before: a complete 
description of the problems and possible solutions is too dense for the framework 
doc.<br>
 
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0307171325360.7570-100000@mjw-pc.roke.co.uk">   
  <pre wrap="">The framework layer split concept is that the NTLP works in terms
of packet streams ("flows") which are identifiable by nodes inside
the network. This is reflected practically in the fact that the
NTLP universe revolves around "flow-ids" (3/5 tuple etc. - see other
emails). The NTLP knows how to route (and re-route) signalling
messages along the path corresponding to a flow ID, but it
doesn't know anything about any relationships between different
flows (i.e. with different flow IDs).
  </pre>
 </blockquote>
 The need for a session ID is already understood as a basic need for NTLP. 
&nbsp;How can such session ID give support to other issues besides the discovery 
of the cross router, is another matter. For instance, should the session ID
be tight related with the IP address of the old access router? The importance 
of this issue can depend on the way the protocol operates, namely if the release
of resources in the old-path is done from the cross router or from the old
access network.<br>
 
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0307171325360.7570-100000@mjw-pc.roke.co.uk">   
  <pre wrap="">An IP-visible mobility event (MIP/SIP/HIP/...) results intrinsically
in a new flow ID and also an update of the packet classifiers and
so on. The NTLP doesn't know how the new flow relates to the old;
NSIS-aware nodes which see both flows handle the interactions
between them at the signalling application level (i.e. in the NSLP).
Essentially, the same reasoning applies to the multihoming case, i.e.
it's an NSLP issue.
  </pre>
 </blockquote>
 Besides the session ID, the need for an implementation-neutral way of dealing 
with encapsulation is of major importance. This is already mentioned in the 
-03 version of the framework.<br>
 
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0307171325360.7570-100000@mjw-pc.roke.co.uk">   
  <pre wrap="">The NTLP has a greater proportion of the responsibility for
simple re-routing events (actually, the same responsibility, but
the re-routing problem is much simpler for several reasons). Those
people interested in the general problem of seamless handover
support would first have to consider whether that is done by
re-routing (i.e. there are updated host routes in the network)
or by changing IP address. That's a nice subject.
  </pre>
 </blockquote>
 The subject of seamless handover is of great importance, because in a mobile 
environment a signaling protocol should avoid the disruptions of the quality 
level of multimedia sessions during or after a handover. As mentioned in the
framework (section 5.2) "The main issues for a resource signaling application 
are limiting the period after handovers during which the resources are not 
available along the path". Hence, in what concerns resource signaling, the 
quality level of a mobile session depends on two main factors:<br>
 a) the capacity of the new access network<br>
 b) the capacity of the new e2e path<br>
 <br>
 These two issues are of importance since the time available to setup resources 
in the new path are constrained by the time available for the handover.<br>
 The problem of the capacity of the new access network is somehow mentioned 
in the framework, where in section 5.2.5, it is referred the work being done 
on the Seamoby WG. &nbsp;It is referred how NSIS can trigger context transfer and
how NSIS can be used to transport such context information. However, there
is no reference about the influence that CARD or other discovery protocols 
can have in the operation of NSIS. For instance, should/must NSIS be triggered 
by route advertisements of a mobile protocol such as MIP, or should/must NSIS
wait for the information about the best access network provided by a CARD-like
protocol? <br>
 <br>
 Even if the best access network can be provided by a CARD-like protocol, 
there is no insurance that the new e2e path can support the quality level 
required by the session. As said in section 5.1.2 "It is not guaranteed that 
the new path will be able to provide the same characteristics that were available 
on the old path". <br>
 On the one hand, if NSIS tries to setup the new path but the minimum quality 
level required by the session is not support, the session is disrupted. On 
the other hand, if the minimum quality level is support, but not the desired 
quality level, some re-negotiation process is required, which can take longer 
time than the time available for the handover. In this case, the seamless 
desired characteristic of the handover can not be accomplish. <br>
 Therefore, to enhance the support that NSIS can give to seamless handovers, 
it should be mentioned on point 5.2.5 the need to understand the relationship 
between NSIS and some kind of policy-based routing to avoid the dependency 
upon the capacity of the new shortest-e2e path. Since section 6.1.3 already 
mention that any QoS-NSLP has to be able to handle QoS-aware &nbsp;routing, only 
a pointer to 6.1.3 is needed in section 5.2.5.<br>
 <br>
 In what concerns section 6.1.3, two approaches are mentioned to make BGP 
QoS-aware. However, from the Router Area Meeting that happened in Vienna, 
it seems that there is no consensus about continuing to extend BGP or to use
a new protocol to provide the extra required routing functionalities. Hence,
section 6.1.3 should also consider other future options, such as the use
of other protocol to signal "QoS-reachability" to BGP routers. Probably NSIS
can be a candidate for this job, similar to the transport of context information
between access networks, as mentioned in section 5.2.5. To avoid some of
the BGP problems, namely the convergence time, probably this use of NSIS
can be more efficient if done decoupled from the data path.<br>
 <br>
 Cheers,<br>
 Paulo<br>
 
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="midPine.LNX.4.44.0307171325360.7570-100000@mjw-pc.roke.co.uk">   
  <pre wrap="">cheers,

robert h.

  </pre>
   
  <blockquote type="cite">     
    <pre wrap="">Marcus

    </pre>
     
    <blockquote type="cite">       
      <pre wrap="">I agree with Charles's opinion. Some discussion is needed to reflect on
some issues already mentioned in the Framework, but that need a more
detailed analysis, such as seamless handover support for mobile
real-time data transmission.
      </pre>
     </blockquote>
     
    <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nsis@ietf.org">nsis@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
 href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis</a>

    </pre>
   </blockquote>
   
  <pre wrap=""><!---->
--
Registered Office: Roke Manor Research Ltd, Siemens House, Oldbury, Bracknell,
Berkshire. RG12 8FZ

The information contained in this e-mail and any attachments is confidential to
Roke Manor Research Ltd and must not be passed to any third party without
permission. This communication is for information only and shall not create or
change any contractual relationship.

  </pre>
 </blockquote>
 <br>
 <br>
 
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="$mailwrapcol">-- 
Paulo Mendes
DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH
Landsberger Str. 312
80687 Munich, Germany
Tel. +49-89-56824-226
Fax. +49-89-56824-300
E-mail: <a
 class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
 href="mailto:mendes@docomolab-euro.com">mendes@docomolab-euro.com</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.docomoeurolabs.de/">http://www.docomoeurolabs.de/</a>
</pre>
 <br>
 
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: sbrim@cisco.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 15:50:28 +0200
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Scott,

valid statement. I'd like to point out to
draft-pan-nsis-rsvp-transport-00.txt. It says:

---begin quote---------

2.4. RSVP-TE vs. Signaling Protocol for Real-Time Applications

   RSVP-TE works in an environment that is different from what the
   original RSVP has been designed for: in MPLS networks, the RSVP
   sessions that are used to support Label-Switched-Paths (LSP's) do not
   change frequently.....[snip]

   On the other hand, in many of the new applications where a signaling
   protocol is required, the user session duration can be relatively
   short. The dynamics of adding/dropping user sessions could introduce
   a large number of "triggered" messages in the network. This can
   clearly introduce a substantial amount of processing overhead to the
   routers. This is one area where a new signaling protocol may be
   needed to reduce the processing complexity in the resource
   reservation process.

------end quote-----

As I mentioned in another mail, I think reliablbe transport isn't required 
if there's a "low" amount of signaling to be processed. If NSIS will be 
designed to prevent a "high" signaling load in backbones, I guess I 
won't have a problem. Besides RSVP TE (and DiffServ aware TE) there's also 
RFC 3175 ( aggregated RSVP). Both aim on rather stable state in the 
backbone by flow aggregation. 
Backbone load reduction is a "SHOULD" in the requirements, pointing to 
the framework for details. I was not able to clearly identify them. I'm 
concerned that NSIS is focused too much on end-system based signaling and 
might fail on the edge to edge part.  

Regards, Rudiger
  

|-----Original Message-----
|From: Scott W Brim [mailto:sbrim@cisco.com]
|Sent: Monday, July 21, 2003 1:14 PM
|To: nsis@ietf.org
|Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
|
|
|On Mon, Jul 21, 2003 11:30:47AM +0200, Geib, Ruediger allegedly wrote:
|> "Reliable transport" for signaling applications is an issue whith
|> ample operational and implementation experience. Hence I'd suggest
|> that we stick to the "lessons learned" paradigm instead
|> of constructing abstract scenarios. I've e.g. refered to BGP and LDP
|> as signaling protocols making use of TCP.
|> I'd ask you to point out issues with TCP transport based on past
|> experience. I'd appreciate if you could
|>
|> - provide reference to any signaling protocol which wasn't 
|>   deployed in backbone networks due to TCP transport.
|>
|> - provide reference to a TCP based backbone signaling protocol which
|>   will result in an NSIS signaling failure due to TCP transport.
|>
|> When answering, please keep in mind that I'm not asking to have NTLP
|> reliable transport as the only allowed mode of operation.
|
|A casual lurker speaks up ...  I think the questions are extreme -- can
|you provide an example of a protocol which will fail because it does
|*not* run over TCP?  Bad protocols don't get far enough for these
|questions to be asked.  Thus I consider them rhetorical.  However, if
|you want to consider advantages/disadvantages of TCP, consider CR-LDP
|versus RSVP-TE.  CR-LDP used a TCP session.  RSVP-TE used its own
|reliability mechanisms and did not ask for reliability in its lower
|layer.
|
|TCP is designed for stream reliability, not for transaction 
|reliability.
|RSVP-TE was able to tune its own timers for its own needs, instead of
|using those optimized for the general case of an average application.
|It had control over whether, in a retransmission, the same message was
|retried, or a new, more up-to-date message was attempted instead.  It
|was able to provide more control plane predictability because messages
|did not necessarily have to wait for previous messages to be
|acknowledged.  When connectivity was lost and thousands of updates
|needed to be sent, it could choose whether to serialize them all at the
|transport layer (as LDP did with a single TCP connection) or send
|some/many in parallel (serializing at the link layer).
|
|People did not reject CR-LDP because it ran on TCP.  However, the fact
|that it did was not seen as an advantage.
|
|..swb
|
|_______________________________________________
|nsis mailing list
|nsis@ietf.org
|https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
|

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 21 10:30:26 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: "'Geib, Ruediger'" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
Cc: nsis@ietf.org, "Marcus Brunner (E-mail)" <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
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brief comment,

> Backbone load reduction is a "SHOULD" in the requirements, 
> pointing to 
> the framework for details. I was not able to clearly identify 
> them. I'm 
> concerned that NSIS is focused too much on end-system based 
> signaling and 
> might fail on the edge to edge part.  

<fw editor hat on>

I think that's the only place in the requirements where there
is that type of forward reference to the framework, and it is
probably inappropriate there. Probably 'The framework...' -->
'A signalling solution...' or something would be more apt.
(Marcus?)

The framework currently contains almost nothing on aggregation;
that's partly because it seems to be mainly signalling-application
specific, but that should be discussed (probably somewhere in 3.3). 
The main impact on the framework fundamentals would be on the 
message routing front, where the discussion at the end of 3.2.1
needs to be broadened to cover 3175-style processing.

</hat>

[In our qos-nslp work we cared about aggregation a lot.]

I have a more substantive comment on the reliability front, which
I'll save for later.

cheers,

r.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 21 10:48:26 2003
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: robert.hancock@roke.co.uk
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
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Robert,

|[In our qos-nslp work we cared about aggregation a lot.]

Yes, your draft offers two solutions, and I think that=20
also the westberg draft specifies signaling aggregation.=20

Regards, R=FCdiger=20

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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: robert.hancock@roke.co.uk
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 16:54:17 +0200
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Robert,

|The framework currently contains almost nothing on aggregation;
|that's partly because it seems to be mainly signalling-application
|specific, but that should be discussed (probably somewhere in 3.3).=20

I agree that aggregation isn't a general requirement.=20

Regards, R=FCdiger

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To: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
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From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] apology to Melinda 
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Thank you very much for the apology, but everything is
fine.  It's important to be passionate about your work :-).

Melinda

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Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2003 18:23:28 -0400 (EDT)
From: "Rute C. Sofia" <rsofia@seas.upenn.edu>
To: Sven Van den Bosch <svenvandenbosch@hotmail.com>
cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] NSLP design draft: way forward
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Hi Sven,

first of all, the plan you described seems a quite good and complete one.
Some questions and comments:

> considerations related to protocol extensibility (way of creating new
> objects) and QoS models (what makes up a QoS model, how is this reflected in
> standards procedure and can we map RSVP to it as an example).  It would also

I believe that by "QoS model", you mean something as "signaling model",
right? If you do mean QoS model, I'm a bit confused on how it fits in
the draft...

If you mean "signaling model", then possibly it would make sense to
address definitions of "QoS profile" and "QoS item".
Also, not sure if RSVP should really be used as an example in the draft.
Current signaling proposals have been addressed in the analysis draft.
RSVP is quite covered there...

> including aggregation, tunnel management, bidirectional/proxy operation and
> priority/preemption

Another thing that would probably make sense in addressing (open issues,
later draft versions) is a possible criteria for characterizing a
proposal, e.g., scalability, complexity, adaptability, and so on...

Rute


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From: Scott W Brim <swb@employees.org>
To: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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In-Reply-To: <9F8582E37B2EE5498E76392AEDDCD3FE03DBB540@G8PQD.blf01.telekom.de>; from Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com on Mon, Jul 21, 2003 at 11:30:47AM +0200
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On Mon, Jul 21, 2003 11:30:47AM +0200, Geib, Ruediger allegedly wrote:
> "Reliable transport" for signaling applications is an issue whith
> ample operational and implementation experience. Hence I'd suggest 
> that we stick to the "lessons learned" paradigm instead
> of constructing abstract scenarios. I've e.g. refered to BGP and LDP 
> as signaling protocols making use of TCP. 
> I'd ask you to point out issues with TCP transport based on past
> experience. I'd appreciate if you could  
> 
> - provide reference to any signaling protocol which wasn't deployed in 
>   backbone networks due to TCP transport.
> 
> - provide reference to a TCP based backbone signaling protocol which 
>   will result in an NSIS signaling failure due to TCP transport.  
> 
> When answering, please keep in mind that I'm not asking to have NTLP 
> reliable transport as the only allowed mode of operation. 

A casual lurker speaks up ...  I think the questions are extreme -- can
you provide an example of a protocol which will fail because it does
*not* run over TCP?  Bad protocols don't get far enough for these
questions to be asked.  Thus I consider them rhetorical.  However, if
you want to consider advantages/disadvantages of TCP, consider CR-LDP
versus RSVP-TE.  CR-LDP used a TCP session.  RSVP-TE used its own
reliability mechanisms and did not ask for reliability in its lower
layer.

TCP is designed for stream reliability, not for transaction reliability.
RSVP-TE was able to tune its own timers for its own needs, instead of
using those optimized for the general case of an average application.
It had control over whether, in a retransmission, the same message was
retried, or a new, more up-to-date message was attempted instead.  It
was able to provide more control plane predictability because messages
did not necessarily have to wait for previous messages to be
acknowledged.  When connectivity was lost and thousands of updates
needed to be sent, it could choose whether to serialize them all at the
transport layer (as LDP did with a single TCP connection) or send
some/many in parallel (serializing at the link layer).  

People did not reject CR-LDP because it ran on TCP.  However, the fact
that it did was not seen as an advantage.

..swb

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Jul 22 06:28:28 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 11:25:53 +0100
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Scott,

You raise some interesting points, but I'm not sure which direction 
the argument leads in.

It seems clear that the argument is not about whether reliability
is needed for signalling messages - indeed, as you point out, both
CR-LDP/RSVP-TE provided this, just in different ways. What's at issue
is how to provide it (when it is needed), which is itself 2 questions
in this working group context:
a) whether to provide it as a common service (in the lower layer NSIS
protocol), or whether to build it separately into each signalling 
application that wants it
b) whether to do a customised NSIS design, or whether to re-use an
existing transport protocol.

The open question which is the biggest barrier to progress at the 
moment is actually (a), because it hinders us from splitting up design work
between NTLP and NSLP.

My personal view is that there are strong arguments for providing 
reliability as a (shared but optional) lower layer service, because e.g.
*) retransmission behaviour has to be sensitive to network layer load
(congestion avoidance), which I see as a general lower layer function;
*) retransmission has to distinguish somehow between congestive loss
and loss caused by next-peer change, which is also a lower layer function;
*) in a multi-signalling-application environment there are gains from
sharing the state required for reliability between applications;
...and so on.

And I also think that different signalling applications
will not have wildly different reliability requirements, so a common
service makes sense. I suspect that SCTP (including partial
reliability extensions) or something home-made on top of DCCP would be
a better match to those requirements than TCP, but that's a later
question (and you could still also do something completely home-made, 
like 2961 did).

So far as the MPLS experience is concerned, there is one aspect of the
environment which makes me wary of taking it too directly. AFAIK, RSVP-TE
requires next-IP-hop routers to be RSVP-TE aware; in other words, reliability,
congestion control, etc. etc. have to be provided over a single L2 hop
(whose characteristics you know pretty well). That's a much much simpler
environment than the NSIS one, where many of the likely scenarios involve
large numbers of NSIS-unaware intermediate nodes. The design approach that 
"When connectivity was lost and thousands of updates needed to be sent,
[RSVP-TE] could choose ... to send some/many in parallel" starts
to sound dangerous here.

cheers,

r.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Scott W Brim [mailto:sbrim@cisco.com]
> Sent: Monday, July 21, 2003 12:14
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
> 
> 
> On Mon, Jul 21, 2003 11:30:47AM +0200, Geib, Ruediger allegedly wrote:
> > "Reliable transport" for signaling applications is an issue whith
> > ample operational and implementation experience. Hence I'd suggest
> > that we stick to the "lessons learned" paradigm instead
> > of constructing abstract scenarios. I've e.g. refered to BGP and LDP
> > as signaling protocols making use of TCP.
> > I'd ask you to point out issues with TCP transport based on past
> > experience. I'd appreciate if you could
> >
> > - provide reference to any signaling protocol which wasn't 
> deployed in
> >   backbone networks due to TCP transport.
> >
> > - provide reference to a TCP based backbone signaling protocol which
> >   will result in an NSIS signaling failure due to TCP transport.
> >
> > When answering, please keep in mind that I'm not asking to have NTLP
> > reliable transport as the only allowed mode of operation.
> 
> A casual lurker speaks up ...  I think the questions are 
> extreme -- can
> you provide an example of a protocol which will fail because it does
> *not* run over TCP?  Bad protocols don't get far enough for these
> questions to be asked.  Thus I consider them rhetorical.  However, if
> you want to consider advantages/disadvantages of TCP, consider CR-LDP
> versus RSVP-TE.  CR-LDP used a TCP session.  RSVP-TE used its own
> reliability mechanisms and did not ask for reliability in its lower
> layer.
> 
> TCP is designed for stream reliability, not for transaction 
> reliability.
> RSVP-TE was able to tune its own timers for its own needs, instead of
> using those optimized for the general case of an average application.
> It had control over whether, in a retransmission, the same message was
> retried, or a new, more up-to-date message was attempted instead.  It
> was able to provide more control plane predictability because messages
> did not necessarily have to wait for previous messages to be
> acknowledged.  When connectivity was lost and thousands of updates
> needed to be sent, it could choose whether to serialize them 
> all at the
> transport layer (as LDP did with a single TCP connection) or send
> some/many in parallel (serializing at the link layer).
> 
> People did not reject CR-LDP because it ran on TCP.  However, the fact
> that it did was not seen as an advantage.
> 
> ..swb
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Jul 22 16:13:28 2003
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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 16:09:02 -0400
Subject: [NSIS] WG Action: RECHARTER: Next Steps in Signaling (nsis)
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The Next Steps in Signaling (nsis) Working Group in the Transport Area
of the IETF has been rechartered. For additional information, contact
the Area Directors or the Working Group Chairs.

Next Steps in Signaling (nsis)
-------------------------------

Current Status: Active Working Group

Chair(s):
John Loughney <john.loughney@nokia.com>

Transport Area Director(s):
Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com>
Jon Peterson <jon.peterson@neustar.biz>

Transport Area Advisor:
Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com>

Mailing Lists:
General Discussion: nsis@ietf.org
To Subscribe: nsis-request@ietf.org
In Body: (un)subscribe
Archive: www.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/nsis/current/maillist.html

Description of Working Group:
The Next Steps in Signaling Working Group is responsible for
standardizing an IP signaling protocol with QoS signaling as the first
use case.  This working group will concentrate on a two-layer
signaling paradigm.  The intention is to re-use, where appropriate,
the protocol mechanisms of RSVP, while at the same time simplifying it
and applying a more general signaling model.

The existing work on the requirements, the framework and analysis of
existing protocols will be completed and used as input for the
protocol work.

NSIS will develop a transport layer signaling protocol for the
transport of upper layer signaling. In order to support a toolbox or
building block approach, the two-layer model will be used to separate
the transport of the signaling from the application signaling.  This
allows for a more general signaling protocol to be developed to
support signaling for different services or resources, such as NAT &
firewall traversal and QoS resources.  The initial NSIS application
will be an optimized RSVP QoS signaling protocol.  The second
application will be a middle box traversal protocol.  It may be that a
rechartering of the working group occurs before the completion of this
milestone.

Security is a very important concern for NSIS. The working group will
study and analyze the threats and security requirements for
signaling.  Compatibility with authentication and authorization
mechanisms such as those of Diameter, COPS for RSVP (RFC 2749) and
RSVP Session Authorization (RFC 3250), will be addressed.

It is a non-goal of the working group to develop new resource
allocation protocols. Resource reservation and traffic engineering are
out of scope of this working group.  Additionally, third party
signaling is out of scope of this working group.  Mobility protocols
and AAA work are out of scope of the working group. The work produced
in this Working Group should work with existing IETF mobility and AAA
protocols, including (but not limited to) Mobile IP, SeaMoby Context
Transfer, etc.  NSIS also welcomes participation and expression of
requirements from non-IETF standards organization members, for
instance 3GPP, 3GPP2 and ITU-T.

Goals and Milestones:
Done    Submit 'Signaling Requirements' to IESG for publication as an Informational RFC.  
Aug 03	Submit 'RSVP Security Properties' to IESG as Informational RFC  
Aug 03	Submit 'NSIS Threats' to IESG as Informational RFC  
Sep 03	Submit 'Analysis of Existing Signaling Protocols' to IESG as Informational RFC  
Sep 03	Submit 'Next Steps in Signaling: Framework' to IESG for publication as 
	Informational RFC  
Feb 04	Submit 'NSIS Transport Protocol' to IESG for publication for Proposed Standard  
Mar 04	Submit 'NSIS QoS Application Protocol' to IESG for publication for Proposed Standard  
Sep 04	Submit 'NSIS Middle Box Signaling Application Protocol' to IESG for 
	publication for Proposed Standard  



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Jul 22 16:13:28 2003
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	 <attila.bader@ericsson.com>
To: Thanh Tra LUU <luu@enst.fr>, karagiannis <karagian@cs.utwente.nl>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] input (over RMD) for NSIS Analysis draft
Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 18:48:12 +0200
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Hi Nary,

Thank you for your comments, please see my answers inline.

Best regards,  Attila


> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org]On 
> Behalf Of Thanh
> Tra LUU
> Sent: Saturday, July 19, 2003 9:37 AM
> To: karagiannis
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] input (over RMD) for NSIS Analysis draft
> 
> 
> Hi,
> 
> I've read the draft of proposal for RSVPv2 NSLP. I have some
> questions.
> 
> - For bi-directional reservation, you call NI (sender) and
> NR(receiver), it makes me confused because both of end hosts can be
> receiver and sender. Supposing the bi-directional reservation between
> A (and RSVPv2 aware) and B (another RSVPv2 aware end host) is
> initiated by  A (NI) . The two  reservation can be established on two
> different paths. The announcement of reservation success (A -> B) is
> carried by packet Path(NslpPathInit) from B to A. Because of asymmetry
> of routing, it is possible that the intermediate NTLP stateful nodes
> between A and B don't receive this message to know the success of
> reservation. They will only know it after receiving the refresh
> message from sender. In case unidirectional reservation, the
> intermediate nodes know it by receiving the NslpResvInit. Why is there
> this difference ? Is it useful ?

I agree with you that NI and NR notations can be confusing in case of bidirectional resrevation. Especially if NSLP supports different types of bi-directional reservation methods. We should think of a better terminology for the next nslp design draft.

In our concept general rules are: sender and ingress edge nodes should receive acknowledgement, other statefull NF nodes and egress edge nodes may get acknowledgement, NTLP stateless nodes cannot receive acknowledgement. In case of unidirectional reservation, NslpResvInit is sent back in RESV message, which is routed by NTLP, therefore NFs can get acknowledgement easily. In case of bidirectional reservation acknowledgement to NI is sent in PATH(NslpPathInit) in the simplest case. RESV(NslpResvInit) may be sent in both direction if NFs need acknowledgement. (This example is not shown in the figures.)

> - I don't understand how the NTLP stateless node can support the
> routing change. No state is established when NTLP stateless receives a
> Path(NslpPathInit) message. When NTLP stateless receives a
> Path(NslpPahInit), it adds the new required reservation units of  a
> traffic class. When it receives a PathTear(NslpPathTear), it will
> subtract the required resource. As previous mail, you said
> "simultaneously maintained RMD reservation states in the interior
> nodes is equal to the number of the supported traffic classes", that
> means if there is a routing change, a deletion of a flux can delete a
> required resource on a intermediate NTLP stateless node which was not
> previously on the data path.
> 

In stateless nodes we have to rely on soft states. If routing changes in the domain, two things can happen. If it does not cause packet drop or delay, edge nodes do not notice route change, resources in the new route are added and resources along the old routes are removed automatically after time-out. If routing causes packet drop or delay, data packets are marked, which notify edge node. Edge node may block this flow and resource is removed after time out. You are right PathTear(NslpPathTear) should not be sent in this case, I think the figure in the draft is wrong.  

> - I don't understand refresh mechanism for the interior NTLP stateless
> node either. How does a interior NTLP stateless nodes know a refresh
> message belongs to a specific flux of a traffic class ? If there is
> not the refresh for a flux in the NTLP stateless nodes, what does the
> refresh mean here ?
> 

The interior node does not know to which flow a resource unit belongs to. Refresh means, adding x number of resource units to a traffic class state. y resource unit, reserved in the previous refresh period is released. To be more exact the refresh period is divided to n number of time slots, and refresh units per slot per traffic class is counted and released after time out.

> - For the severe congestion handling, interruption of a flux which is
> reserved doesn't seems interesting to me. If I want to reserve
> resource for a VoIP communication, it's better if network refuses the
> connection before I can begin the conversation rather than disrupt my
> communication.
> 
Yes agree but severe congestion refers to an unexpected situation during call, like route change due to link or node failure. In new route all flows may can not be supported, some have to be terminated.

> Nary Tra
> ENST, Paris
> 
> 
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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Attila_B=E1der_=28ET/ETH=29?=
	 <attila.bader@ericsson.com>
To: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2003 11:38:46 +0200
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Hi Robert and All,

I also think the question is very fundamental. Since NSIS addresses wider range of applications, most probably there will be NSLPs which like to use retransmission-like reliability, while other concepts intend to support reliability like RSVP does. Certainly both have advantages and disadvantages and it depends on the applications.

In my view this latter is closer to the original concept of soft states and using RSVP as a base. Our stateless concept for example needs the simplest transport as possible and it may be reasonable for other NSLPs as well. I am afraid that if retransmission is a common service of NTLP, even if it is optional to use, it introduces unnecessary implementation complexity.

The question can be put in another way as well: Should NTLP have optional features that can be invoked by different NSLPs, or NTLP should be a protocol supporting common basic features and optional feature are only in NSLP? I do not remember if we had a consensus regarding this question.

Best regards,  Attila



> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
> Hancock, Robert
> Sent: Tuesday, July 22, 2003 12:26 PM
> To: 'Scott W Brim'; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
> 
> 
> Scott,
> 
> You raise some interesting points, but I'm not sure which direction 
> the argument leads in.
> 
> It seems clear that the argument is not about whether reliability
> is needed for signalling messages - indeed, as you point out, both
> CR-LDP/RSVP-TE provided this, just in different ways. What's at issue
> is how to provide it (when it is needed), which is itself 2 questions
> in this working group context:
> a) whether to provide it as a common service (in the lower layer NSIS
> protocol), or whether to build it separately into each signalling 
> application that wants it
> b) whether to do a customised NSIS design, or whether to re-use an
> existing transport protocol.
> 
> The open question which is the biggest barrier to progress at the 
> moment is actually (a), because it hinders us from splitting 
> up design work
> between NTLP and NSLP.
> 
> My personal view is that there are strong arguments for providing 
> reliability as a (shared but optional) lower layer service, 
> because e.g.
> *) retransmission behaviour has to be sensitive to network layer load
> (congestion avoidance), which I see as a general lower layer function;
> *) retransmission has to distinguish somehow between congestive loss
> and loss caused by next-peer change, which is also a lower 
> layer function;
> *) in a multi-signalling-application environment there are gains from
> sharing the state required for reliability between applications;
> ...and so on.
> 
> And I also think that different signalling applications
> will not have wildly different reliability requirements, so a common
> service makes sense. I suspect that SCTP (including partial
> reliability extensions) or something home-made on top of DCCP would be
> a better match to those requirements than TCP, but that's a later
> question (and you could still also do something completely home-made, 
> like 2961 did).
> 
> So far as the MPLS experience is concerned, there is one aspect of the
> environment which makes me wary of taking it too directly. 
> AFAIK, RSVP-TE
> requires next-IP-hop routers to be RSVP-TE aware; in other 
> words, reliability,
> congestion control, etc. etc. have to be provided over a single L2 hop
> (whose characteristics you know pretty well). That's a much 
> much simpler
> environment than the NSIS one, where many of the likely 
> scenarios involve
> large numbers of NSIS-unaware intermediate nodes. The design 
> approach that 
> "When connectivity was lost and thousands of updates needed 
> to be sent,
> [RSVP-TE] could choose ... to send some/many in parallel" starts
> to sound dangerous here.
> 
> cheers,
> 
> r.
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Scott W Brim [mailto:sbrim@cisco.com]
> > Sent: Monday, July 21, 2003 12:14
> > To: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
> > 
> > 
> > On Mon, Jul 21, 2003 11:30:47AM +0200, Geib, Ruediger 
> allegedly wrote:
> > > "Reliable transport" for signaling applications is an issue whith
> > > ample operational and implementation experience. Hence I'd suggest
> > > that we stick to the "lessons learned" paradigm instead
> > > of constructing abstract scenarios. I've e.g. refered to 
> BGP and LDP
> > > as signaling protocols making use of TCP.
> > > I'd ask you to point out issues with TCP transport based on past
> > > experience. I'd appreciate if you could
> > >
> > > - provide reference to any signaling protocol which wasn't 
> > deployed in
> > >   backbone networks due to TCP transport.
> > >
> > > - provide reference to a TCP based backbone signaling 
> protocol which
> > >   will result in an NSIS signaling failure due to TCP transport.
> > >
> > > When answering, please keep in mind that I'm not asking 
> to have NTLP
> > > reliable transport as the only allowed mode of operation.
> > 
> > A casual lurker speaks up ...  I think the questions are 
> > extreme -- can
> > you provide an example of a protocol which will fail because it does
> > *not* run over TCP?  Bad protocols don't get far enough for these
> > questions to be asked.  Thus I consider them rhetorical.  
> However, if
> > you want to consider advantages/disadvantages of TCP, 
> consider CR-LDP
> > versus RSVP-TE.  CR-LDP used a TCP session.  RSVP-TE used its own
> > reliability mechanisms and did not ask for reliability in its lower
> > layer.
> > 
> > TCP is designed for stream reliability, not for transaction 
> > reliability.
> > RSVP-TE was able to tune its own timers for its own needs, 
> instead of
> > using those optimized for the general case of an average 
> application.
> > It had control over whether, in a retransmission, the same 
> message was
> > retried, or a new, more up-to-date message was attempted 
> instead.  It
> > was able to provide more control plane predictability 
> because messages
> > did not necessarily have to wait for previous messages to be
> > acknowledged.  When connectivity was lost and thousands of updates
> > needed to be sent, it could choose whether to serialize them 
> > all at the
> > transport layer (as LDP did with a single TCP connection) or send
> > some/many in parallel (serializing at the link layer).
> > 
> > People did not reject CR-LDP because it ran on TCP.  
> However, the fact
> > that it did was not seen as an advantage.
> > 
> > ..swb
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> > 
> 
> _______________________________________________
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: attila.bader@ericsson.com
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2003 12:42:41 +0200
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Hello Attila

|The question can be put in another way as well: Should NTLP=20
|have optional features that can be invoked by different NSLPs,=20
|or NTLP should be a protocol supporting common basic features=20
|and optional feature are only in NSLP? I do not remember if we=20
|had a consensus regarding this question.

I don't remember any past consensus on the issue. I'd like to=20
add that part of the problem is that re-inventing reliable=20
transport (or other interesting TCP/SCTP features) on higher=20
layers like NSLP probably isn't felt to be desirable by all.

Regards, R=FCdiger=20

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From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
Reply-To: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
To: mankin@psg.com, harald@alvestrand.no
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See comments inline.

--On Donnerstag, 26. Juni 2003 21:31 -0700 Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com> 
wrote:

> The IESG reviewed the NSIS Requirements.  There was some concern over
> the readability.  In addition, there were a few technical comments that
> should be addressed.  Here are Harald Alvestrand's.
>
> Allison
>
> ------- Forwarded Message
>
>
> Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 08:35:22 -0700
> From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
> To: iesg@ietf.org
> Subject: A couple of comments on draft-ietf-nsis-req
>
>
> This section, from the start of section 5, worries me:
>
>
>    The parts of the networks we differentiate are the host-to-first
>    router, the access network, and the core network. The host to first
>    router part includes all the layer 2 technologies to access to the
>    Internet. This part of the division is especially informal and may
>    incorporate several access segments. In many cases, there is an
>    application and/or user running on the host initiating signaling.
>    The access network can be characterized by low capacity links,
>    medium speed IP processing capabilities, and it might consist of a
>    complete layer 2 network as well. The core network characteristics
>    include high-speed forwarding capacities and inter-domain issues.
>    These divisions between network types are not strict and do not
>    appear in all networks, but where they do exist they may influence
>    signaling requirements and will be highlighted as necessary.
>
> First of all, the grammar is sufficiently convoluted that I have problems
> parsing it.
>
> Second, I have definitional problems.
>
> I have problems imagining how an access network can work if it does NOT
> contain a "complete layer 2 network" - after all, a link is, in its way,
> a  layer 2 network. OTOH, I don't think GSM/GPRS can fairly be called a
> "layer  2 network" - it's more complex than that - but it's definitely
> being used  as an access network.
>
> The sentence "host to first router part includes all the layer 2
> technologies to access to the Internet" does not parse, and makes the
> definition only make sense when the first router is connected to the
> Internet - I don't think that was intended.
>
> Since this paragraph is key to the overall architectural constraints, I
> think it's rather important to make it crystal clear.
>

Actually, I don't think the paragraph is that much a key to the whole 
architecture. However in the consensus finding phase it help to make a 
number of people happy. It has been heavily discussed during the lifetime 
of the draft, therefore it went grammatically wrong. At this point in time, 
I think that the whole paragraph can be removed.

Anybody objecting to this?


> Section 5.5.1 on scalability worries me a lot, because it uses "scalable"
> without referring to a scale; while it may be appropriate to "scale" an
> end-system-to-first-router protocol to 10.000 users and say "good
> enough",  I think core routers have scalability requirements to millions
> of active  participants (which argues for them not having to see their
> state....)
>
> I would like to see some hand-wringing here like:
>
> "The NSIS protocols MUST be scalable up to the level of ubiquity - that
> is,  if every end-user on the network uses NSIS functions, the system
> MUST NOT  be brought to a catastrophic failure, but continue to give
> service  appropriate to the resources available."
>
> There might be more than this, but this is at least worrying.....

I understand the worry, but your proposal does at least for me not say 
something different that what is stated in the draft. Some people regarded 
the requirement as motherhood and apple pie anyway.

Actually, what I think you are referring to is the robustness of the 
system, where as salability is concerned more with the performance of it.

Somebody from the WG has an idea how to resolve that?

Marcus

--------------------------------------
Marcus Brunner
Network Laboratories
NEC Europe Ltd.

E-Mail: brunner@ccrle.nec.de
WWW:    http://www.ccrle.nec.de/
Phone: +49 (0) 6221 905 11 29
Mobile: +49 (0) 163 275 17 43
personal home page: http://www.brubers.org/marcus





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From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
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--On Donnerstag, 26. Juni 2003 21:41 -0700 Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com> 
wrote:

>
> Steve Bellovin also had comments on the NSIS Requirements draft:
>
>  Section 3 effectively rules out any requirement for security within a
>  domain.  I don't think that's right.
>

That's definitely not right. I assume you refer to point 5 of section 3:

   5. We can see the network at the level of domains/subdomains rather than 

   individual routers (except in the special case that the domain contains
   one link). Domains are assumed to be administrative entities, so 
security
   requirements apply to the signaling between them.

How about the following

   5. We can see the network at the level of domains/subdomains rather than 

   individual routers (except in the special case that the domain contains
   one link). Domains are assumed to be administrative entities. So 
security
   requirements might apply differently for the signaling between them and 

   within them.


>  In 5.7.8, confidentiality SHOULD be supported.  The ability to listen
>  to signaling channels is a major guide to what data channels are
>  interesting.

Is ok for me. The requirement changes then from

OLD:
   5.7.8 Confidentiality of signaling messages

   Based on the signaling information exchanged between nodes participating
   in the signaling protocol an adversary may learn both the identities and
   the content of the signaling messages. To prevent this from happening,
   confidentiality of the signaling message in a hop-by-hop manner MAY be
   provided. Note that the protection can be provided on a hop-by-hop basis
   for most message payloads since it is required that entities which
   actively participating in the signaling protocol must be able to read 
and
   eventually modify the content of the signaling messages.

to NEW:

   5.7.8 Confidentiality of signaling messages

   Based on the signaling information exchanged between nodes participating
   in the signaling protocol an adversary may learn both the identities and
   the content of the signaling messages. Since the ability to listen
   to signaling channels is a major guide to what data channels are
   interesting ones.

   To prevent this from happening, confidentiality of the signaling message
   in a hop-by-hop manner SHOULD be provided. Note that the protection can
   be provided on a hop-by-hop basis for most message payloads since it is
   required that entities which actively participating in the signaling
   protocol must be able to read and eventually modify the content of the
   signaling messages.

Objections?

Marcus

>
>
>
>
>
>



--------------------------------------
Dr. Marcus Brunner
Network Laboratories
NEC Europe Ltd.

E-Mail: brunner@ccrle.nec.de
WWW:    http://www.ccrle.nec.de/
Phone: +49 (0) 6221 905 11 29
Mobile: +49 (0) 163 275 17 43
personal home page: http://www.brubers.org/marcus





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CC: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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At least from our implementation experience with a vaguely related=20
protocol, the additional complexity of such choice is very modest (a few=20
tens of lines of code and an additional table).

As I've said in an earlier message, I'd like to challenge advocates of=20
only offering only end-to-end reliability to address even the simple=20
issue of what RTT estimate to pick if nodes perform anything but trivial=20
forwarding. NSIS nodes are not just dumb packet routers with microsecond=20
latency...


Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH) wrote:

> Hi Robert and All,
>=20
> I also think the question is very fundamental. Since NSIS addresses wid=
er range of applications, most probably there will be NSLPs which like to=
 use retransmission-like reliability, while other concepts intend to supp=
ort reliability like RSVP does. Certainly both have advantages and disadv=
antages and it depends on the applications.
>=20
> In my view this latter is closer to the original concept of soft states=
 and using RSVP as a base. Our stateless concept for example needs the si=
mplest transport as possible and it may be reasonable for other NSLPs as =
well. I am afraid that if retransmission is a common service of NTLP, eve=
n if it is optional to use, it introduces unnecessary implementation comp=
lexity.
>=20
> The question can be put in another way as well: Should NTLP have option=
al features that can be invoked by different NSLPs, or NTLP should be a p=
rotocol supporting common basic features and optional feature are only in=
 NSLP? I do not remember if we had a consensus regarding this question.
>=20
> Best regards,  Attila



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Hi Henning,

As usual, there is more than one question here.

I'm also not a fan of relying on only 'end-to-end'
(in the sense of first-NSIS-node-to-last-NSIS-node)
reliability.

However, even if we agree that a signalling application
needing reliability needs it between (say) adjacent NSLP
peers rather than simply end-to-end, there is still the=20
question of which layer it should be provided at (NTLP
or within each application).

I argued in my email to Scott that there were good
reasons why this functionality should be part of the=20
NTLP. I'd be interested in views on whether those
arguments were valid (or what other arguments were=20
valid). I think the practical consequence would be that
some form of reliable message transport (*) would be
mandatory functionality in the NTLP, optional for an
NSLP to invoke on a message-by-message basis.

cheers,

r.

(*) coupled ideally with some form of express routing
to bypass intermediate nodes between the NSLP peers.

-----Original Message-----
From: Henning Schulzrinne
To: "Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH)"
Cc: Hancock, Robert; nsis@ietf.org
Sent: 23/07/2003 18:25
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP

At least from our implementation experience with a vaguely related=20
protocol, the additional complexity of such choice is very modest (a =
few

tens of lines of code and an additional table).

As I've said in an earlier message, I'd like to challenge advocates of=20
only offering only end-to-end reliability to address even the simple=20
issue of what RTT estimate to pick if nodes perform anything but =
trivial

forwarding. NSIS nodes are not just dumb packet routers with =
microsecond

latency...


Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH) wrote:

> Hi Robert and All,
>=20
> I also think the question is very fundamental. Since NSIS addresses
wider range of applications, most probably there will be NSLPs which
like to use retransmission-like reliability, while other concepts =
intend
to support reliability like RSVP does. Certainly both have advantages
and disadvantages and it depends on the applications.
>=20
> In my view this latter is closer to the original concept of soft
states and using RSVP as a base. Our stateless concept for example =
needs
the simplest transport as possible and it may be reasonable for other
NSLPs as well. I am afraid that if retransmission is a common service =
of
NTLP, even if it is optional to use, it introduces unnecessary
implementation complexity.
>=20
> The question can be put in another way as well: Should NTLP have
optional features that can be invoked by different NSLPs, or NTLP =
should
be a protocol supporting common basic features and optional feature are
only in NSLP? I do not remember if we had a consensus regarding this
question.
>=20
> Best regards,  Attila


_______________________________________________
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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Attila_B=E1der_=28ET/ETH=29?=
	 <attila.bader@ericsson.com>
To: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>,
        "'Henning Schulzrinne '"
	 <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
Cc: "'nsis@ietf.org '" <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Thu, 24 Jul 2003 11:07:40 +0200
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Hi All,

My view is related to our stateless (or reduced states) concept in =
which we do not distinguish individual flows in interior nodes. We rely =
on reserve, refresh, tear messages, which add or remove resources in =
reasonable timing. Hop-by-hop retransmission or =
fragmentation/reassembling in the domain affect negatively the =
performance of this kind of NSLP. What our NSLP provides is actually =
edge-to-edge reliability.=20

On the other hand, I think, if pear-to-pear reliability is desirable =
for other applications it is reasonable to be part of NTLP as an =
option.=20

Regards, Attila

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
> Hancock, Robert
> Sent: Wednesday, July 23, 2003 11:32 PM
> To: 'Henning Schulzrinne '; ' Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH) '
> Cc: Hancock, Robert; 'nsis@ietf.org '
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
>=20
>=20
> Hi Henning,
>=20
> As usual, there is more than one question here.
>=20
> I'm also not a fan of relying on only 'end-to-end'
> (in the sense of first-NSIS-node-to-last-NSIS-node)
> reliability.
>=20
> However, even if we agree that a signalling application
> needing reliability needs it between (say) adjacent NSLP
> peers rather than simply end-to-end, there is still the=20
> question of which layer it should be provided at (NTLP
> or within each application).
>=20
> I argued in my email to Scott that there were good
> reasons why this functionality should be part of the=20
> NTLP. I'd be interested in views on whether those
> arguments were valid (or what other arguments were=20
> valid). I think the practical consequence would be that
> some form of reliable message transport (*) would be
> mandatory functionality in the NTLP, optional for an
> NSLP to invoke on a message-by-message basis.
>=20
> cheers,
>=20
> r.
>=20
> (*) coupled ideally with some form of express routing
> to bypass intermediate nodes between the NSLP peers.
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henning Schulzrinne
> To: "Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH)"
> Cc: Hancock, Robert; nsis@ietf.org
> Sent: 23/07/2003 18:25
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
>=20
> At least from our implementation experience with a vaguely related=20
> protocol, the additional complexity of such choice is very=20
> modest (a few
>=20
> tens of lines of code and an additional table).
>=20
> As I've said in an earlier message, I'd like to challenge=20
> advocates of=20
> only offering only end-to-end reliability to address even the simple=20
> issue of what RTT estimate to pick if nodes perform anything=20
> but trivial
>=20
> forwarding. NSIS nodes are not just dumb packet routers with=20
> microsecond
>=20
> latency...
>=20
>=20
> Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH) wrote:
>=20
> > Hi Robert and All,
> >=20
> > I also think the question is very fundamental. Since NSIS addresses
> wider range of applications, most probably there will be NSLPs which
> like to use retransmission-like reliability, while other=20
> concepts intend
> to support reliability like RSVP does. Certainly both have advantages
> and disadvantages and it depends on the applications.
> >=20
> > In my view this latter is closer to the original concept of soft
> states and using RSVP as a base. Our stateless concept for=20
> example needs
> the simplest transport as possible and it may be reasonable for other
> NSLPs as well. I am afraid that if retransmission is a common=20
> service of
> NTLP, even if it is optional to use, it introduces unnecessary
> implementation complexity.
> >=20
> > The question can be put in another way as well: Should NTLP have
> optional features that can be invoked by different NSLPs, or=20
> NTLP should
> be a protocol supporting common basic features and optional=20
> feature are
> only in NSLP? I do not remember if we had a consensus regarding this
> question.
> >=20
> > Best regards,  Attila
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 24 05:35:27 2003
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References: <F005CD411D18D3119C8F00508B0874800D9010BA@ehubunt100.eth.ericsson.se>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Thu, 24 Jul 2003 11:31:18 +0200
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hi Attila,

I am a fan of E2E reliable delivery but I don't agree with your idea.
If TCP is used, reliable delivery is always used even though your
signaling application needs it or not. It belongs to lower layer and
there is no relationship between stateless attribute and lower layer
here.

I feel that TCP is something too 'solid' and not flexible. If TCP is
used, signaling application must bear all the security attacks of this
protocol (e.g. SYN TCP attack). It will be easier for attack a
signaling aware node because a packet can be sent from a distant host
to a signaling node on the data path without Router Alert Option being
set.

I'll try to find some more arguments for using IP or UDP as a lower
layer of NTLP.

Nary Tra,
ENST, Paris


----- Original Message -----
From: "Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH)" <attila.bader@ericsson.com>
To: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>; "'Henning
Schulzrinne '" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>; "Geib, Ruediger"
<Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
Cc: <nsis@ietf.org>
Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2003 11:07 AM
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP


Hi All,

My view is related to our stateless (or reduced states) concept in
which we do not distinguish individual flows in interior nodes. We
rely on reserve, refresh, tear messages, which add or remove resources
in reasonable timing. Hop-by-hop retransmission or
fragmentation/reassembling in the domain affect negatively the
performance of this kind of NSLP. What our NSLP provides is actually
edge-to-edge reliability.

On the other hand, I think, if pear-to-pear reliability is desirable
for other applications it is reasonable to be part of NTLP as an
option.

Regards, Attila




_______________________________________________
nsis mailing list
nsis@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 24 09:46:31 2003
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
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Nary Tra,

in order to make progress in this WG, we have to keep from repeating the 
same non-disagreements again and again. Nobody here, as far as I can 
tell, is suggesting that TCP be mandatory to support or use for a 
particular NSLP, only that it (or similar protocols, such as SCTP or 
DCCP) are appropriate parts of the tool kit.

You may also find it interesting to read some of the proposals that 
indicate how router alert options are being used. The two issues are 
orthogonal.

Maybe we need a FUD FAQ :-)

Henning

Thanh Tra LUU wrote:

> hi Attila,
> 
> I am a fan of E2E reliable delivery but I don't agree with your idea.
> If TCP is used, reliable delivery is always used even though your
> signaling application needs it or not. It belongs to lower layer and
> there is no relationship between stateless attribute and lower layer
> here.
> 
> I feel that TCP is something too 'solid' and not flexible. If TCP is
> used, signaling application must bear all the security attacks of this
> protocol (e.g. SYN TCP attack). It will be easier for attack a
> signaling aware node because a packet can be sent from a distant host
> to a signaling node on the data path without Router Alert Option being
> set.
> 
> I'll try to find some more arguments for using IP or UDP as a lower
> layer of NTLP.
> 
> Nary Tra,
> ENST, Paris
> 



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hi,

These aren't easy.

My view is that the two 'parts of the network' paragraphs (the one 
Harald quotes and the one before it) could be safely removed.

The general point about being able to adapt to deployment conditions 
is made at the very start of section 5; the rest of the document uses
the terms 'access' and 'core' in an informal (and probably self-explanatory)
way, and I don't see a need for a stricter definition. (Indeed, IIRC
Marcus made this point of deliberate vagueness very explicit when 
this 'parts of the network' issue came up in the Minneapolis WG meeting.)

(We could add a comment in the middle of the 2nd paragraph of section 5
that: We use the terms 'access' and 'core' informally in the discussion 
of some particular requirements to refer to deployment conditions where 
particular protocol attributes, especially performance characteristics, 
have special importance. Or something like that.)

==================================================

How to handle the scaling concern seems much harder. Part of the
problem is that the signalling protocols have to be capable of per-
microflow operation, and if network managers insist on trying to 
[ab]use them that way in the network core, there isn't much we can do
about it. In general, achieving most of what Harald refers to is a 
matter of using a scalable resource management architecture, and 
scalable protocol behaviour will largely follow from that. But the
resource management problem is out of scope for us anyway. In other
words, the requirement he suggests cannot be satisfied by NSIS, but
only by NSIS protocols supporting appropriate operational mechanisms
(which we don't know all of in the first place, in fact).

I can suggest 2 things:
a) Add some text to 5.5.1 to say something like 'In order to be useful
even in an environment where the use of signalling by hosts becomes
universal, NSIS protocols must allow for use at a level above 
that of individual end-to-end flows (ref. 5.2.4 and 5.6.1).'
b) Reinforce a little bit 5.5.4 to say that performance should
degrade gracefully rather than catastrophically under overload
conditions. (Which is actually something we are worrying about
at the moment anyway.)

Maybe these are over-specific or over-detailed.

cheers,

robert h.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Marcus Brunner [mailto:brunner@ccrle.nec.de]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 23, 2003 17:28
> To: mankin@psg.com; harald@alvestrand.no
> Cc: john.loughney@nokia.com; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: [NSIS] Re: IESG Review of draft-ietf-nsis-req-08.txt 
> - Comments
> 1
> 
> 
> See comments inline.
> 
> --On Donnerstag, 26. Juni 2003 21:31 -0700 Allison Mankin 
> <mankin@psg.com> 
> wrote:
> 
> > The IESG reviewed the NSIS Requirements.  There was some 
> concern over
> > the readability.  In addition, there were a few technical 
> comments that
> > should be addressed.  Here are Harald Alvestrand's.
> >
> > Allison
> >
> > ------- Forwarded Message
> >
> >
> > Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 08:35:22 -0700
> > From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
> > To: iesg@ietf.org
> > Subject: A couple of comments on draft-ietf-nsis-req
> >
> >
> > This section, from the start of section 5, worries me:
> >
> >
> >    The parts of the networks we differentiate are the host-to-first
> >    router, the access network, and the core network. The 
> host to first
> >    router part includes all the layer 2 technologies to 
> access to the
> >    Internet. This part of the division is especially 
> informal and may
> >    incorporate several access segments. In many cases, there is an
> >    application and/or user running on the host initiating signaling.
> >    The access network can be characterized by low capacity links,
> >    medium speed IP processing capabilities, and it might 
> consist of a
> >    complete layer 2 network as well. The core network 
> characteristics
> >    include high-speed forwarding capacities and inter-domain issues.
> >    These divisions between network types are not strict and do not
> >    appear in all networks, but where they do exist they may 
> influence
> >    signaling requirements and will be highlighted as necessary.
> >
> > First of all, the grammar is sufficiently convoluted that I 
> have problems
> > parsing it.
> >
> > Second, I have definitional problems.
> >
> > I have problems imagining how an access network can work if 
> it does NOT
> > contain a "complete layer 2 network" - after all, a link 
> is, in its way,
> > a  layer 2 network. OTOH, I don't think GSM/GPRS can fairly 
> be called a
> > "layer  2 network" - it's more complex than that - but it's 
> definitely
> > being used  as an access network.
> >
> > The sentence "host to first router part includes all the layer 2
> > technologies to access to the Internet" does not parse, and 
> makes the
> > definition only make sense when the first router is connected to the
> > Internet - I don't think that was intended.
> >
> > Since this paragraph is key to the overall architectural 
> constraints, I
> > think it's rather important to make it crystal clear.
> >
> 
> Actually, I don't think the paragraph is that much a key to the whole 
> architecture. However in the consensus finding phase it help 
> to make a 
> number of people happy. It has been heavily discussed during 
> the lifetime 
> of the draft, therefore it went grammatically wrong. At this 
> point in time, 
> I think that the whole paragraph can be removed.
> 
> Anybody objecting to this?
> 
> 
> > Section 5.5.1 on scalability worries me a lot, because it 
> uses "scalable"
> > without referring to a scale; while it may be appropriate 
> to "scale" an
> > end-system-to-first-router protocol to 10.000 users and say "good
> > enough",  I think core routers have scalability 
> requirements to millions
> > of active  participants (which argues for them not having 
> to see their
> > state....)
> >
> > I would like to see some hand-wringing here like:
> >
> > "The NSIS protocols MUST be scalable up to the level of 
> ubiquity - that
> > is,  if every end-user on the network uses NSIS functions, 
> the system
> > MUST NOT  be brought to a catastrophic failure, but continue to give
> > service  appropriate to the resources available."
> >
> > There might be more than this, but this is at least worrying.....
> 
> I understand the worry, but your proposal does at least for 
> me not say 
> something different that what is stated in the draft. Some 
> people regarded 
> the requirement as motherhood and apple pie anyway.
> 
> Actually, what I think you are referring to is the robustness of the 
> system, where as salability is concerned more with the 
> performance of it.
> 
> Somebody from the WG has an idea how to resolve that?
> 
> Marcus
> 
> --------------------------------------
> Marcus Brunner
> Network Laboratories
> NEC Europe Ltd.
> 
> E-Mail: brunner@ccrle.nec.de
> WWW:    http://www.ccrle.nec.de/
> Phone: +49 (0) 6221 905 11 29
> Mobile: +49 (0) 163 275 17 43
> personal home page: http://www.brubers.org/marcus
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 24 14:27:55 2003
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Date: Thu, 24 Jul 2003 20:25:11 +0200
From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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To: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
CC: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>,
        Paulo Mendes <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>,
        "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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Hi,

Hancock, Robert wrote:
> 
> The framework layer split concept is that the NTLP works in terms
> of packet streams ("flows") which are identifiable by nodes inside
> the network. This is reflected practically in the fact that the
> NTLP universe revolves around "flow-ids" (3/5 tuple etc. - see other
> emails). The NTLP knows how to route (and re-route) signalling
> messages along the path corresponding to a flow ID, but it
> doesn't know anything about any relationships between different
> flows (i.e. with different flow IDs).

Local repair/re-routing + host addressing (routing header and Home 
Address option) might be insufficient. Consider an example: an MN just 
moves from an foreign network to another, than non-route-optimized MIP 
may change a binding entry in the HA at the (mobile) IP level, and the 
common path (before and after a handoff) ends somewhere between the HA 
and MN. In this case, the NTLP instances in routers locating between the 
HA and the Crossover Router (CR) will be unable to route the NSIS 
signaling message according to universal flow-ids, without introducing 
new NTLP functionalities/objects.

IMO mobility is more than an NSLP issue; it also involves with NTLP. One 
possible way is to distinguish NTLP instances by session ID, but let 
NSIS messages routed according to some object in NTLP independent of 
flow-id and allow NTLP instances be aware of mobility-caused route 
changes also in the middle of the network (not only route changes for 
hosts). Of course, NSLP needs certain neat work to reflect a signaled 
flow' traffic selector.

Cheers,
Xiaoming
> 
> An IP-visible mobility event (MIP/SIP/HIP/...) results intrinsically
> in a new flow ID and also an update of the packet classifiers and
> so on. The NTLP doesn't know how the new flow relates to the old;
> NSIS-aware nodes which see both flows handle the interactions
> between them at the signalling application level (i.e. in the NSLP).
> Essentially, the same reasoning applies to the multihoming case, i.e.
> it's an NSLP issue.




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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>,
        "'Hancock, Robert'" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Thu, 24 Jul 2003 21:42:27 -0400
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Hi all, 

We have had a long debate on whether reliable transport (if applicable)
should reside in NSLP or NTLP. It seems here comes another topic: should
mobility-awareness be built in NSLP only or also in NTLP? I noticed that
Robert and John have explicited said it should be an NSLP issue only.
This sparks my curiousity to ask: "Is it already a WG consensus or is it
true that many people still haven't got time to think about it?" 

IMHO it would be good to make it an NSLP issue only, if possible.
However, I would like to see more proof as details being worked out.
(Although it might still be arguable how detail about NSIS-mobility we
should get into at this time).

Xiaoming, frankly I do not completely understand your example yet. Does
Robert mean that the flow-id (which very likely contains IP addresses)
will change after the handoff (and the presumed session ID will be
retained)? 

Thanks and regards,

Charles

> 
> Hancock, Robert wrote:
> > 
> > The framework layer split concept is that the NTLP works in 
> terms of 
> > packet streams ("flows") which are identifiable by nodes inside the 
> > network. This is reflected practically in the fact that the NTLP 
> > universe revolves around "flow-ids" (3/5 tuple etc. - see other 
> > emails). The NTLP knows how to route (and re-route) signalling 
> > messages along the path corresponding to a flow ID, but it doesn't 
> > know anything about any relationships between different flows (i.e. 
> > with different flow IDs).
> 
> Local repair/re-routing + host addressing (routing header and Home 
> Address option) might be insufficient. Consider an example: 
> an MN just 
> moves from an foreign network to another, than 
> non-route-optimized MIP 
> may change a binding entry in the HA at the (mobile) IP 
> level, and the 
> common path (before and after a handoff) ends somewhere 
> between the HA 
> and MN. In this case, the NTLP instances in routers locating 
> between the 
> HA and the Crossover Router (CR) will be unable to route the NSIS 
> signaling message according to universal flow-ids, without 
> introducing 
> new NTLP functionalities/objects.
> 
> IMO mobility is more than an NSLP issue; it also involves 
> with NTLP. One 
> possible way is to distinguish NTLP instances by session ID, but let 
> NSIS messages routed according to some object in NTLP independent of 
> flow-id and allow NTLP instances be aware of mobility-caused route 
> changes also in the middle of the network (not only route changes for 
> hosts). Of course, NSLP needs certain neat work to reflect a signaled 
> flow' traffic selector.
> 


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From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>, mankin@psg.com
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Subject: [NSIS] Re: IESG Review of draft-ietf-nsis-req-08.txt - Comments 1
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Marcus,

thanks for the follow-up!

--On 23. juli 2003 18:27 +0200 Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de> wrote:
>>
>> This section, from the start of section 5, worries me:
>>
>>
>>    The parts of the networks we differentiate are the host-to-first
>>    router, the access network, and the core network. The host to first
>>    router part includes all the layer 2 technologies to access to the
>>    Internet. This part of the division is especially informal and may
>>    incorporate several access segments. In many cases, there is an
>>    application and/or user running on the host initiating signaling.
>>    The access network can be characterized by low capacity links,
>>    medium speed IP processing capabilities, and it might consist of a
>>    complete layer 2 network as well. The core network characteristics
>>    include high-speed forwarding capacities and inter-domain issues.
>>    These divisions between network types are not strict and do not
>>    appear in all networks, but where they do exist they may influence
>>    signaling requirements and will be highlighted as necessary.
>>
>> First of all, the grammar is sufficiently convoluted that I have problems
>> parsing it.
>>
>> Second, I have definitional problems.
>>
>> I have problems imagining how an access network can work if it does NOT
>> contain a "complete layer 2 network" - after all, a link is, in its way,
>> a  layer 2 network. OTOH, I don't think GSM/GPRS can fairly be called a
>> "layer  2 network" - it's more complex than that - but it's definitely
>> being used  as an access network.
>>
>> The sentence "host to first router part includes all the layer 2
>> technologies to access to the Internet" does not parse, and makes the
>> definition only make sense when the first router is connected to the
>> Internet - I don't think that was intended.
>>
>> Since this paragraph is key to the overall architectural constraints, I
>> think it's rather important to make it crystal clear.
>>
>
> Actually, I don't think the paragraph is that much a key to the whole
> architecture. However in the consensus finding phase it help to make a
> number of people happy. It has been heavily discussed during the lifetime
> of the draft, therefore it went grammatically wrong. At this point in
> time, I think that the whole paragraph can be removed.
>
> Anybody objecting to this?

Do you use the distinction between "host to first router", "access network" 
and "core network" elsewhere in the document? I could find "access network" 
and "core network", but not "host to first router". Defining those terms is 
important, since different people get upset based on where you place the 
boundary. OTOH, "host to first router" is relatively easy to figure out.....

>> Section 5.5.1 on scalability worries me a lot, because it uses "scalable"
>> without referring to a scale; while it may be appropriate to "scale" an
>> end-system-to-first-router protocol to 10.000 users and say "good
>> enough",  I think core routers have scalability requirements to millions
>> of active  participants (which argues for them not having to see their
>> state....)
>>
>> I would like to see some hand-wringing here like:
>>
>> "The NSIS protocols MUST be scalable up to the level of ubiquity - that
>> is,  if every end-user on the network uses NSIS functions, the system
>> MUST NOT  be brought to a catastrophic failure, but continue to give
>> service  appropriate to the resources available."
>>
>> There might be more than this, but this is at least worrying.....
>
> I understand the worry, but your proposal does at least for me not say
> something different that what is stated in the draft. Some people
> regarded the requirement as motherhood and apple pie anyway.

It's been one of the major hassles of RSVP deployment (from my far-away 
ivory tower, at least) that it never got around to actually discussing 
numbers when talking about scaling; the technology works fine (I think) in 
an enterprise context where the number of users has 4 or 5 digits, and the 
provisioning of the network is under centralized control; the hassles we 
have had involve trying to imagine the operation, economics and politics of 
deploying something at "Internet scale". Given that we've already got a lot 
of history here about discussion of scale, I think being explicit is good.
>
> Actually, what I think you are referring to is the robustness of the
> system, where as salability is concerned more with the performance of it.

To my mind, scalability has two aspects:

- How far can you go?
- What happens when you hit the edge?

There was one IOS version (beta code, I think) many years ago that, when 
you started listening to multicast groups, fell over when you hit the limit 
of resources available for multicast state. That's the worst kind of not 
scaling. And the fear that there might be more bugs like this has been a 
major worry of people thinking about deploying multicast, and other 
protocols where they lumped issues under the "scaling" label.

Again - it's history that drives my worries.....

>
> Somebody from the WG has an idea how to resolve that?

Thanks for the feedback, and hope this is useful!

                      Harald

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Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 09:34:40 +0200
From: Paulo Mendes <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>
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        Marcus Brunner
 <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>,
        "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>, john.loughney@nokia.com,
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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Hi Xiaoming,

Some comments below.

Xiaoming Fu wrote:

> Hi,
>
> Hancock, Robert wrote:
>
>>
>> The framework layer split concept is that the NTLP works in terms
>> of packet streams ("flows") which are identifiable by nodes inside
>> the network. This is reflected practically in the fact that the
>> NTLP universe revolves around "flow-ids" (3/5 tuple etc. - see other
>> emails). The NTLP knows how to route (and re-route) signalling
>> messages along the path corresponding to a flow ID, but it
>> doesn't know anything about any relationships between different
>> flows (i.e. with different flow IDs).
>
>
> Local repair/re-routing + host addressing (routing header and Home 
> Address option) might be insufficient. Consider an example: an MN just 
> moves from an foreign network to another, than non-route-optimized MIP 
> may change a binding entry in the HA at the (mobile) IP level, and the 
> common path (before and after a handoff) ends somewhere between the HA 
> and MN. In this case, the NTLP instances in routers locating between 
> the HA and the Crossover Router (CR) will be unable to route the NSIS 
> signaling message according to universal flow-ids, without introducing 
> new NTLP functionalities/objects.

What do you mean by "universal" flow-ids?

> IMO mobility is more than an NSLP issue; it also involves with NTLP. 
> One possible way is to distinguish NTLP instances by session ID, but 
> let NSIS messages routed according to some object in NTLP independent 
> of flow-id and allow NTLP instances be aware of mobility-caused route 
> changes also in the middle of the network (not only route changes for 
> hosts). Of course, NSLP needs certain neat work to reflect a signaled 
> flow' traffic selector. 

It is clear to me that we need a session-ID in the case of mobility. But 
it is not clear to me what is the goal in "distinguishing" NTLP 
instances by session ID. If you mean the need to map the session-ID of a 
mobile session with the different flows-ID that the session can have 
before and after handover, I agree with you. However, I do not 
understand what you want to say with "NSIS messages routed according to 
some object in NTLP independent of flow-id". Are you suggesting that 
NSIS messages should be routed/transported based on something else than 
the flow-id?

Cheers
Paulo

>
> Cheers,
> Xiaoming
>
>>
>> An IP-visible mobility event (MIP/SIP/HIP/...) results intrinsically
>> in a new flow ID and also an update of the packet classifiers and
>> so on. The NTLP doesn't know how the new flow relates to the old;
>> NSIS-aware nodes which see both flows handle the interactions
>> between them at the signalling application level (i.e. in the NSLP).
>> Essentially, the same reasoning applies to the multihoming case, i.e.
>> it's an NSLP issue.
>
>
>
>
>


-- 
Paulo Mendes
DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH
Landsberger Str. 312
80687 Munich, Germany
Tel. +49-89-56824-226
Fax. +49-89-56824-300
E-mail: mendes@docomolab-euro.com
http://www.docomoeurolabs.de/




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Hi Paulo,

Paulo Mendes wrote:
> What do you mean by "universal" flow-ids?

I was following what Robert used in his context. :)
> 
>> IMO mobility is more than an NSLP issue; it also involves with NTLP. 
>> One possible way is to distinguish NTLP instances by session ID, but 
>> let NSIS messages routed according to some object in NTLP independent 
>> of flow-id and allow NTLP instances be aware of mobility-caused route 
>> changes also in the middle of the network (not only route changes for 
>> hosts). Of course, NSLP needs certain neat work to reflect a signaled 
>> flow' traffic selector. 
> 
> 
> It is clear to me that we need a session-ID in the case of mobility. But 
> it is not clear to me what is the goal in "distinguishing" NTLP 
> instances by session ID. If you mean the need to map the session-ID of a 
> mobile session with the different flows-ID that the session can have 
> before and after handover, I agree with you. However, I do not 
> understand what you want to say with "NSIS messages routed according to 
> some object in NTLP independent of flow-id". Are you suggesting that 
> NSIS messages should be routed/transported based on something else than 
> the flow-id?
> 

This issue has been explored in various ways (e.g., in fw draft and 
maillist discussions). Session-ID can be useful, in my point of view, to 
distinguish from other sessions (note they may even have same NI/NR 
pair), and to determine the CR and avoid double reservations. My point 
was: even if one can have a universe flow-id, routing of NSIS messages 
is not as simple as expected. In the HA, for example, you can route NSIS 
messages towards the MN following the same rules as in MIP; for the 
nodes after HA, however, you have no knowledge of changes in MIP - how 
can you route them per flow-id?

Cheers,
Xiaoming


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Hi Charles,


Charles Q. Shen wrote:

>Hi all, 
>
>We have had a long debate on whether reliable transport (if applicable)
>should reside in NSLP or NTLP. 
>
Reliable transport in a session protocol, instead of a transport protocol?!!

>It seems here comes another topic: should
>mobility-awareness be built in NSLP only or also in NTLP? I noticed that
>Robert and John have explicited said it should be an NSLP issue only.
>This sparks my curiousity to ask: "Is it already a WG consensus or is it
>true that many people still haven't got time to think about it?"
>
>IMHO it would be good to make it an NSLP issue only, if possible.
>However, I would like to see more proof as details being worked out.
>(Although it might still be arguable how detail about NSIS-mobility we
>should get into at this time).
>  
>
I think that avoiding redundant functionalities is a good goal. Having 
this in mind,
I think that only makes sense to include within NTLP functionalities 
that are common
to different NSLPs.
In the specific case of mobile session IDs, as said in the framework 
draft, it is desirable
to update the flow:session mapping during the session lifetime. If this 
mapping
is only needed to manage resources of mobile sessions, then it makes 
sense to be the
QoS-NSLP protocol to keep the mapping info. If this mapping is required 
by other NSLPs,
the state should be kept by the NTLP: Henning's NTLP proposal already 
mention a forwarding
state table that includes the session-ID and the destination address.

>Xiaoming, frankly I do not completely understand your example yet. Does
>Robert mean that the flow-id (which very likely contains IP addresses)
>will change after the handoff (and the presumed session ID will be
>retained)? 
>  
>
In the framework draft you can read  "A flow is defined by a packet 
classifier
(in the simplest cases, just the destination address and topological 
origin are needed).
In general we assume that when discussing only the data flow path, we 
only need
to consider 'simple' fixed classifiers (e.g. IPv4 5-tuple or equivalent)."
Hence, this clarify that a flow-ID contains IP addresses, and so the 
flow-ID changes
when the care-of address of the mobile device changes.
In what concerns the session-ID, it must *not* change due to a handover: 
only this
way the cross router can be found, the state related to the flow in the 
old path (old flow-ID)
can be released, and resources in the common path (from correspondent 
node to cross router)
can be used more efficiently.


Robert, this lead me to a comment to the QoS-NSLP draft, where section 
4.3 pays some attention to
the need of using session-ID to allow resources to be shared over the 
network region where
different flows of a mobile session share the path. But, this section is 
lacking some reference
to the need of a session-ID to identify the cross router and to release 
resources in the old path.

Cheers,
Paulo

>Thanks and regards,
>
>Charles
>
-- 
Paulo Mendes
DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH
Landsberger Str. 312
80687 Munich, Germany
Tel. +49-89-56824-226
Fax. +49-89-56824-300
E-mail: mendes@docomolab-euro.com
http://www.docomoeurolabs.de/




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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>,
        "'Paulo Mendes'" <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>
Cc: <nsis@ietf.org>, "'Hancock, Robert'" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>,
        "'Marcus Brunner'" <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>, <john.loughney@nokia.com>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 04:14:35 -0400
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Xiaoming,

> 
> Hi Paulo,
> 
> Paulo Mendes wrote:
> > What do you mean by "universal" flow-ids?
> 
> I was following what Robert used in his context. :)

But as I understand, in Robert's context, the flow-id is the one that
could change due to change of IP addresses, and Session ID is not. So
why universal flow-ID?

Snip ..
> 
> This issue has been explored in various ways (e.g., in fw draft and 
> maillist discussions). Session-ID can be useful, in my point 
> of view, to 
> distinguish from other sessions (note they may even have same NI/NR 
> pair), and to determine the CR and avoid double reservations. 
> My point 
> was: even if one can have a universe flow-id, routing of NSIS 
> messages 
> is not as simple as expected. In the HA, for example, you can 
> route NSIS 
> messages towards the MN following the same rules as in MIP; for the 
> nodes after HA, however, you have no knowledge of changes in 
> MIP - how 
> can you route them per flow-id?

Again I am a bit confused about the notion of universe flow-id and the
(supposed to be unique) session ID here. Also are you talking about
tunneling?

Best regards,

Charles




>Cheers,
> Xiaoming
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 


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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Paulo Mendes'" <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>
Cc: "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>,
        "'Hancock, Robert'" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>,
        "'Marcus Brunner'" <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>, <john.loughney@nokia.com>,
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 04:46:17 -0400
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Hi Paulo, comments inline.

> 
> Hi Charles,
> 
> 
> Charles Q. Shen wrote:
> 
> >Hi all,
> >
> >We have had a long debate on whether reliable transport (if 
> applicable) 
> >should reside in NSLP or NTLP.
> >
> Reliable transport in a session protocol, instead of a 
> transport protocol?!!

I was referring specifically to the comments such as " [Robert] However,
even if we agree that a signalling application
needing reliability needs it between (say) adjacent NSLP peers rather
than simply end-to-end, there is still the 
question of which layer it should be provided at (NTLP or within each
application)." But I have no intention to create more debate on this
topic :)

> 
> >It seems here comes another topic: should
> >mobility-awareness be built in NSLP only or also in NTLP? I noticed 
> >that Robert and John have explicited said it should be an NSLP issue 
> >only. This sparks my curiousity to ask: "Is it already a WG 
> consensus 
> >or is it true that many people still haven't got time to think about 
> >it?"
> >
> >IMHO it would be good to make it an NSLP issue only, if possible. 
> >However, I would like to see more proof as details being worked out. 
> >(Although it might still be arguable how detail about 
> NSIS-mobility we 
> >should get into at this time).
> >  
> >
> I think that avoiding redundant functionalities is a good 
> goal. Having 
> this in mind,
> I think that only makes sense to include within NTLP functionalities 
> that are common
> to different NSLPs.
> In the specific case of mobile session IDs, as said in the framework 
> draft, it is desirable
> to update the flow:session mapping during the session 
> lifetime. If this 
> mapping
> is only needed to manage resources of mobile sessions, then it makes 
> sense to be the
> QoS-NSLP protocol to keep the mapping info. If this mapping 
> is required 
> by other NSLPs,
> the state should be kept by the NTLP: Henning's NTLP proposal already 
> mention a forwarding
> state table that includes the session-ID and the destination address.
> 

I think Robert's opinion (from his comments dated 7/17/03) is to let
NTLP handle "re-routing" only while the association of n flow-id to
possibly one session id is left to NSLP. The question is then "is this
association a common function to different NSLPs?" If it is, then it
seems make sense to me to consider puting it into NTLP as well. Another
comment is, maybe we should call the topic "the association of flow-id
with session-id", instead of "mobility", before the former covers more
than mobility, (eg. Multi-homing?). 

> >Xiaoming, frankly I do not completely understand your 
> example yet. Does 
> >Robert mean that the flow-id (which very likely contains IP 
> addresses) 
> >will change after the handoff (and the presumed session ID will be 
> >retained)?
> >  
> >
> In the framework draft you can read  "A flow is defined by a packet 
> classifier
> (in the simplest cases, just the destination address and topological 
> origin are needed).
> In general we assume that when discussing only the data flow path, we 
> only need
> to consider 'simple' fixed classifiers (e.g. IPv4 5-tuple or 
> equivalent)." Hence, this clarify that a flow-ID contains IP 
> addresses, and so the 
> flow-ID changes
> when the care-of address of the mobile device changes.
> In what concerns the session-ID, it must *not* change due to 
> a handover: 
> only this
> way the cross router can be found, the state related to the 
> flow in the 
> old path (old flow-ID)
> can be released, and resources in the common path (from correspondent 
> node to cross router)
> can be used more efficiently.
> 
> 

Thanks. I apologize. I should have used "Doesn't" instead of "Does"
because that is also my understanding.

> Robert, this lead me to a comment to the QoS-NSLP draft, 
> where section 
> 4.3 pays some attention to
> the need of using session-ID to allow resources to be shared over the 
> network region where
> different flows of a mobile session share the path. But, this 
> section is 
> lacking some reference
> to the need of a session-ID to identify the cross router and 
> to release 
> resources in the old path.
> 

As one possible reference, we tested and proved the concept in our
RSVP-MIP test-bed 
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~charles/publication/draft-shen-nsis-rsvp-mob
ileipv6-00.txt

Regards,

Charles


> Cheers,
> Paulo
> 
> >Thanks and regards,
> >
> >Charles
> >
> -- 
> Paulo Mendes
> DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH
> Landsberger Str. 312
> 80687 Munich, Germany
> Tel. +49-89-56824-226
> Fax. +49-89-56824-300
> E-mail: mendes@docomolab-euro.com
> http://www.docomoeurolabs.de/
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jul 25 05:23:27 2003
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To: "'Charles Q. Shen'" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>,
        "'Paulo Mendes'"
	 <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>,
        "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 10:20:55 +0100
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dear all,

some brief comments (well, brief by my standards anyway):

*) for the sake of my sanity PLEASE don't discuss the reliable 
transport question in this thread. it's confusing enough as it is,
and a totally separate issue.

*) i don't think there has been a formal consensus called on the
'mobility primarily in NSLP' issue/proposal - one reason i posted
my comments in that form (and also raised the issue in all the
recent WG meetings) is to flush out some comments and discussion.
But I think the assumption is that people looking to provide 
explicit support in the NTLP need to (a) define what that support
really is, and (b) explain why the NTLP is a good place to provide
it. There are arguments stretching back over quite a long time
in favour of the 'mainly NSLP' approach, now (if ever) is the
time to challenge them.

*) The idea of of associating flows to a single session is to my
mind a *problem* common to many signalling applications; however,
I expect the *solution* may well not be common. There are two
reasons:
- it is critically dependent on the session id security issue 
(see Hannes' draft) which at the moment is probably NSLP dependent
- what you mean by 'association' is also signalling application 
dependent (do you mean sharing? replacement of one by another? adding
state together somehow? something else?)

*) The next framework will probably broaden the mobility discussion
to include multihoming as well.

*) We know (among the authors of draft-mcdonald-...) that the mobility
handling and session id aspects are not worked out. This will be
picked up as the WG item develops (it will certainly not be addressed
in the first version, however).

*) I don't recall using the term 'universal flow-id'; I was trying to make
the (somewhat informal) point that the NTLP sees the world in terms of
flow-ids and nothing else (a bit like the way a child sees the world
in terms of toys and food and nothing else).

*) I'm not really sure what Xiaoming is suggesting in terms of routing
NSLP messages *other* than on flow-id. The flow-id is essentially
defined as 'the thing which characterises the data path', so routing
on anything else is morally equivalent to off-path signalling. Apart
from anything else, that's currently out scope for NSIS anyway. To take
the concrete example, between the HA and CR, there will be two different
downstream flows and two different upstream flows (and in fact, the CR
may be different between the upstream and downstream flows). The fact that
the two flows within a pair are following the same path is a consequence
of the definition of CR, I'm very opposed to forcing the NTLP to work
out that signalling messages for one CoA should be explicitly routed
the same way as messages for another CoA. You could maybe build an NTLP 
which was tightly integrated with a specific mobility protocol with
this property, but again, that's currently out of scope for NSIS.

cheers,

r.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Charles Q. Shen [mailto:charles@ee.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Friday, July 25, 2003 09:46
> To: 'Paulo Mendes'
> Cc: 'Xiaoming Fu'; Hancock, Robert; 'Marcus Brunner';
> john.loughney@nokia.com; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> 
> 
> Hi Paulo, comments inline.
> 
> > 
> > Hi Charles,
> > 
> > 
> > Charles Q. Shen wrote:
> > 
> > >Hi all,
> > >
> > >We have had a long debate on whether reliable transport (if 
> > applicable) 
> > >should reside in NSLP or NTLP.
> > >
> > Reliable transport in a session protocol, instead of a 
> > transport protocol?!!
> 
> I was referring specifically to the comments such as " 
> [Robert] However,
> even if we agree that a signalling application
> needing reliability needs it between (say) adjacent NSLP peers rather
> than simply end-to-end, there is still the 
> question of which layer it should be provided at (NTLP or within each
> application)." But I have no intention to create more debate on this
> topic :)
> 
> > 
> > >It seems here comes another topic: should
> > >mobility-awareness be built in NSLP only or also in NTLP? 
> I noticed 
> > >that Robert and John have explicited said it should be an 
> NSLP issue 
> > >only. This sparks my curiousity to ask: "Is it already a WG 
> > consensus 
> > >or is it true that many people still haven't got time to 
> think about 
> > >it?"
> > >
> > >IMHO it would be good to make it an NSLP issue only, if possible. 
> > >However, I would like to see more proof as details being 
> worked out. 
> > >(Although it might still be arguable how detail about 
> > NSIS-mobility we 
> > >should get into at this time).
> > >  
> > >
> > I think that avoiding redundant functionalities is a good 
> > goal. Having 
> > this in mind,
> > I think that only makes sense to include within NTLP 
> functionalities 
> > that are common
> > to different NSLPs.
> > In the specific case of mobile session IDs, as said in the 
> framework 
> > draft, it is desirable
> > to update the flow:session mapping during the session 
> > lifetime. If this 
> > mapping
> > is only needed to manage resources of mobile sessions, then 
> it makes 
> > sense to be the
> > QoS-NSLP protocol to keep the mapping info. If this mapping 
> > is required 
> > by other NSLPs,
> > the state should be kept by the NTLP: Henning's NTLP 
> proposal already 
> > mention a forwarding
> > state table that includes the session-ID and the 
> destination address.
> > 
> 
> I think Robert's opinion (from his comments dated 7/17/03) is to let
> NTLP handle "re-routing" only while the association of n flow-id to
> possibly one session id is left to NSLP. The question is then "is this
> association a common function to different NSLPs?" If it is, then it
> seems make sense to me to consider puting it into NTLP as 
> well. Another
> comment is, maybe we should call the topic "the association of flow-id
> with session-id", instead of "mobility", before the former covers more
> than mobility, (eg. Multi-homing?). 
> 
> > >Xiaoming, frankly I do not completely understand your 
> > example yet. Does 
> > >Robert mean that the flow-id (which very likely contains IP 
> > addresses) 
> > >will change after the handoff (and the presumed session ID will be 
> > >retained)?
> > >  
> > >
> > In the framework draft you can read  "A flow is defined by a packet 
> > classifier
> > (in the simplest cases, just the destination address and 
> topological 
> > origin are needed).
> > In general we assume that when discussing only the data 
> flow path, we 
> > only need
> > to consider 'simple' fixed classifiers (e.g. IPv4 5-tuple or 
> > equivalent)." Hence, this clarify that a flow-ID contains IP 
> > addresses, and so the 
> > flow-ID changes
> > when the care-of address of the mobile device changes.
> > In what concerns the session-ID, it must *not* change due to 
> > a handover: 
> > only this
> > way the cross router can be found, the state related to the 
> > flow in the 
> > old path (old flow-ID)
> > can be released, and resources in the common path (from 
> correspondent 
> > node to cross router)
> > can be used more efficiently.
> > 
> > 
> 
> Thanks. I apologize. I should have used "Doesn't" instead of "Does"
> because that is also my understanding.
> 
> > Robert, this lead me to a comment to the QoS-NSLP draft, 
> > where section 
> > 4.3 pays some attention to
> > the need of using session-ID to allow resources to be 
> shared over the 
> > network region where
> > different flows of a mobile session share the path. But, this 
> > section is 
> > lacking some reference
> > to the need of a session-ID to identify the cross router and 
> > to release 
> > resources in the old path.
> > 
> 
> As one possible reference, we tested and proved the concept in our
> RSVP-MIP test-bed 
> http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~charles/publication/draft-shen-nsi
s-rsvp-mob
ileipv6-00.txt

Regards,

Charles


> Cheers,
> Paulo
> 
> >Thanks and regards,
> >
> >Charles
> >
> -- 
> Paulo Mendes
> DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH
> Landsberger Str. 312
> 80687 Munich, Germany
> Tel. +49-89-56824-226
> Fax. +49-89-56824-300
> E-mail: mendes@docomolab-euro.com
> http://www.docomoeurolabs.de/
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 11:47:33 +0200
From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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CC: "'Charles Q. Shen'" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>,
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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Robert,

Thanks for your clarification. I really appreciate a framework view on 
discussions on mobility issues, and agree with you to first explore what 
is necessary for NTLP to support mobility, if needed.

I followed up your previous mail regarding universe flow id because this 
is also (for both you and I) meant how to route the NSIS messages. 
Actually, in a previous version of fw draft it stated either way of 
using flow-id:
     *) Use a flow identification based on low level IP addresses (e.g.
    the Care of Address) and other 'standard' fields in the IP header.
    This makes least demands on the packet classification engines within
    the network. However, it means that even on a part of the flow path
    which is unchanged, the reservation will need to be modified to
    reflect the changed flow identification (see section 5.3.3).

     *) Use a flow identification that does not change (e.g. based on
    Home Address); this is the approach assumed in [23]. This simplifies
    the problem of reservation update, at the likely cost of considerably
    complicating the flow identification requirements.

This can also answer some discussions. My worry, however, is that 
flow-id might be insufficient to address the NSIS messages in mobility 
scenarios, not talking about the mobility-coupled issue; I was trying to 
discuss in the context of decoupling NSIS signaling from MIP signaling.

Hancock, Robert wrote:
> *) I'm not really sure what Xiaoming is suggesting in terms of routing
> NSLP messages *other* than on flow-id. The flow-id is essentially
> defined as 'the thing which characterises the data path', so routing
> on anything else is morally equivalent to off-path signalling. 

At least I can tell, if we use some on-path LMM schemes (e.g., fast 
handover, HMIP), this flow-id could be insufficient to route NSIS 
messages. In such cases, data path in the new segment(s) may not be 
fully characterized by the flow-id (3/5 tuple?).

Cheers,
Xiaoming


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jul 25 06:21:39 2003
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From: Xiaoming Fu <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
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Charles,

> 
> Again I am a bit confused about the notion of universe flow-id and the
> (supposed to be unique) session ID here. 
I think Robert's concept on *universe* flow-id doesn't need to be 
unchanged during a session; if I understand correctly, he only meant 
"universe" for signaling session at one time.

> Also are you talking about tunneling?

So far in this thread, not yet. However, in my view, IP-in-IP tunneling 
is an important issue for NSIS-mobility to work out. Re-routing and 
local repair issues in the data path changed by mobile IP may introduce 
problems other than (routing header + destination option in case of 
MIPv6) - imagine what if a message is encapulated into tunneled :-); 
reverse tunneling could be more complicated. My ideal model is that NTLP 
should be aware of any tunnel entry and exits, and route NSIS message 
when entering and inside a tunnel differently from the case outside the 
tunnel.

Cheers,
Xiaoming


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jul 25 06:37:26 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        Thanh Tra LUU
	 <luu@enst.fr>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 11:35:08 +0100
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dear all,

just as an fyi, i am planning to write a small analysis draft
on the reliability issue during august, which would hopefully
summarise what we have and have not agreed and what questions
still need to be answered once and for all. it will also=20
contain a proposal on this issue and the layer split. I hope
that sounds like a good idea.

if anyone has pointers to information that I should consider
(e.g. in particular whatever was 'in the air' at the time=20
2961 was being put together, anything with quantitative
analysis of rsvp behaviour/known problems) I'd be very interested
to hear it.

r.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2003 14:44
> To: Thanh Tra LUU
> Cc: "Attila B=E1der (ET/ETH)"; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] Reliable Transport for NTLP
>=20
>=20
> Nary Tra,
>=20
> in order to make progress in this WG, we have to keep from=20
> repeating the=20
> same non-disagreements again and again. Nobody here, as far as I can=20
> tell, is suggesting that TCP be mandatory to support or use for a=20
> particular NSLP, only that it (or similar protocols, such as SCTP or=20
> DCCP) are appropriate parts of the tool kit.
>=20
> You may also find it interesting to read some of the proposals that=20
> indicate how router alert options are being used. The two issues are=20
> orthogonal.
>=20
> Maybe we need a FUD FAQ :-)
>=20
> Henning
>=20
> Thanh Tra LUU wrote:
>=20
> > hi Attila,
> >=20
> > I am a fan of E2E reliable delivery but I don't agree with=20
> your idea.
> > If TCP is used, reliable delivery is always used even though your
> > signaling application needs it or not. It belongs to lower layer =
and
> > there is no relationship between stateless attribute and lower =
layer
> > here.
> >=20
> > I feel that TCP is something too 'solid' and not flexible. If TCP =
is
> > used, signaling application must bear all the security=20
> attacks of this
> > protocol (e.g. SYN TCP attack). It will be easier for attack a
> > signaling aware node because a packet can be sent from a=20
> distant host
> > to a signaling node on the data path without Router Alert=20
> Option being
> > set.
> >=20
> > I'll try to find some more arguments for using IP or UDP as a lower
> > layer of NTLP.
> >=20
> > Nary Tra,
> > ENST, Paris
> >=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>=20

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From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
Reply-To: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
To: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>, mankin@psg.com
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] Re: IESG Review of draft-ietf-nsis-req-08.txt - Comments
 1
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--On Donnerstag, 24. Juli 2003 08:00 -0700 Harald Tveit Alvestrand 
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Marcus,
>
> thanks for the follow-up!
>
> --On 23. juli 2003 18:27 +0200 Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
> wrote:
>>>
>>> This section, from the start of section 5, worries me:
>>>
>>>
>>>    The parts of the networks we differentiate are the host-to-first
>>>    router, the access network, and the core network. The host to first
>>>    router part includes all the layer 2 technologies to access to the
>>>    Internet. This part of the division is especially informal and may
>>>    incorporate several access segments. In many cases, there is an
>>>    application and/or user running on the host initiating signaling.
>>>    The access network can be characterized by low capacity links,
>>>    medium speed IP processing capabilities, and it might consist of a
>>>    complete layer 2 network as well. The core network characteristics
>>>    include high-speed forwarding capacities and inter-domain issues.
>>>    These divisions between network types are not strict and do not
>>>    appear in all networks, but where they do exist they may influence
>>>    signaling requirements and will be highlighted as necessary.
>>>
>>> First of all, the grammar is sufficiently convoluted that I have
>>> problems parsing it.
>>>
>>> Second, I have definitional problems.
>>>
>>> I have problems imagining how an access network can work if it does NOT
>>> contain a "complete layer 2 network" - after all, a link is, in its way,
>>> a  layer 2 network. OTOH, I don't think GSM/GPRS can fairly be called a
>>> "layer  2 network" - it's more complex than that - but it's definitely
>>> being used  as an access network.
>>>
>>> The sentence "host to first router part includes all the layer 2
>>> technologies to access to the Internet" does not parse, and makes the
>>> definition only make sense when the first router is connected to the
>>> Internet - I don't think that was intended.
>>>
>>> Since this paragraph is key to the overall architectural constraints, I
>>> think it's rather important to make it crystal clear.
>>>
>>
>> Actually, I don't think the paragraph is that much a key to the whole
>> architecture. However in the consensus finding phase it help to make a
>> number of people happy. It has been heavily discussed during the lifetime
>> of the draft, therefore it went grammatically wrong. At this point in
>> time, I think that the whole paragraph can be removed.
>>
>> Anybody objecting to this?
>
> Do you use the distinction between "host to first router", "access
> network" and "core network" elsewhere in the document? I could find
> "access network" and "core network", but not "host to first router".
> Defining those terms is important, since different people get upset based
> on where you place the boundary. OTOH, "host to first router" is
> relatively easy to figure out.....

The only implication we make with he term access network is that is nearer 
to the edge and relatively low capacity. The term access network is used 
another 3 times in the draft 2 times because of the bandwidth 
characteristics and once concerning security (controlling and charging for 
the access).

So think we should just make the definition clearer?

>
>>> Section 5.5.1 on scalability worries me a lot, because it uses
>>> "scalable" without referring to a scale; while it may be appropriate to
>>> "scale" an end-system-to-first-router protocol to 10.000 users and say
>>> "good enough",  I think core routers have scalability requirements to
>>> millions of active  participants (which argues for them not having to
>>> see their state....)
>>>
>>> I would like to see some hand-wringing here like:
>>>
>>> "The NSIS protocols MUST be scalable up to the level of ubiquity - that
>>> is,  if every end-user on the network uses NSIS functions, the system
>>> MUST NOT  be brought to a catastrophic failure, but continue to give
>>> service  appropriate to the resources available."
>>>
>>> There might be more than this, but this is at least worrying.....
>>
>> I understand the worry, but your proposal does at least for me not say
>> something different that what is stated in the draft. Some people
>> regarded the requirement as motherhood and apple pie anyway.
>
> It's been one of the major hassles of RSVP deployment (from my far-away
> ivory tower, at least) that it never got around to actually discussing
> numbers when talking about scaling; the technology works fine (I think)
> in an enterprise context where the number of users has 4 or 5 digits, and
> the provisioning of the network is under centralized control; the hassles
> we have had involve trying to imagine the operation, economics and
> politics of deploying something at "Internet scale". Given that we've
> already got a lot of history here about discussion of scale, I think
> being explicit is good.

Getting consensus is sometimes hard with being explicit.
I will try to get the text clearer here as well.

Thanks for the comments anyway.

Marcus


>>
>> Actually, what I think you are referring to is the robustness of the
>> system, where as salability is concerned more with the performance of it.
>
> To my mind, scalability has two aspects:
>
> - How far can you go?
> - What happens when you hit the edge?
>
> There was one IOS version (beta code, I think) many years ago that, when
> you started listening to multicast groups, fell over when you hit the
> limit of resources available for multicast state. That's the worst kind
> of not scaling. And the fear that there might be more bugs like this has
> been a major worry of people thinking about deploying multicast, and
> other protocols where they lumped issues under the "scaling" label.
>
> Again - it's history that drives my worries.....
>
>>
>> Somebody from the WG has an idea how to resolve that?
>
> Thanks for the feedback, and hope this is useful!
>
>                       Harald
>
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis



--------------------------------------
Dr. Marcus Brunner
Network Laboratories
NEC Europe Ltd.

E-Mail: brunner@ccrle.nec.de
WWW:    http://www.ccrle.nec.de/
Phone: +49 (0) 6221 905 11 29
Mobile: +49 (0) 163 275 17 43
personal home page: http://www.brubers.org/marcus





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Subject: reliability or not reliablility was: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 17:06:22 +0300
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Hi,

Popping up from vacation:

> Reliable transport in a session protocol, instead of a=20
> transport protocol?!!

There are many forms of reliability, in some protocols,
there may need to be different forms of reliability.  Basic signaling
protocols may need explicit acks/nacks; may set timers & if no
response is gotten within the timer, protocol may send again, etc.

The question we have here is, what level of reliability do applications
need?  We have agreed that soft state is needed; also 'session' state
should not be tied to transport state, i.e. - if the transport protocol
session is terminated (for any reason, error, re-routing, time-out, etc)
we don't assume that the session has ended.

Rather than cycling on this, NSLP protocols probably should state
what they need / expect and NTLP should provide this functionality,
in terms of reliability.=20

John

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Subject: [NSIS] 18th Int. Teletraffic Congress 31 Aug - 5 Sept 2003, Berlin
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Our apologies for receiving multiple copies of this email...

Reminder: Eearly bird discount expires on 1 Aug 2003!

CALL FOR PARTICIPATION CALL FOR PARTICIPATION CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

18th International Teletraffic Congress

31 August - 5 September 2003
Haus am Koellnischen Park, Berlin, Germany
"Providing Quality of Service in heterogeneous Environments"

http://www.itc18.org


This year, the global teletraffic community convenes in Berlin, Germany
in the first week of September. In this week you will have the chance
to participate in six tutorials, 133 presentations plus four invited
talks and to meet 400 experts in the field of teletraffic engineering
for advanced fixed and mobile networks.
Please find attached the Advance Programme (PDF).

See you in Berlin!

Joachim Charzinski, Ralf Lehnert, Phuoc Tran-Gia,
Technical Programme Committee co-chairs

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Hello All:

Following is a problem that may come up during
exchange of label request and label mapping messages
between two LERs using any signaling protocols.

Label Edge Routers Alice and Bob:
	
	+-------+	 	       +-------+
	|	|M(LR)-> 	       |       |
	|Alice	|----------------------|Bob    |
	|	|	   <-Enc(M(LM))|       |
	+-------+	   ^           +-------+
                           |
                           |
                           |
                         Trudy (intruder)
                 
Security Association is assumed to exist between Alice
and Bob

Let M(A) be a message A.
and Enc(M(A)) be the encrypted message A.

1) label request sent from Alice to Bob: M(LR)
2) Encrypted label mapping sent from Bob to Alice:
Enc(M(LM))
                 
The way most signaling protocol are designed,
following holds true:

1) Labels are assigned sequentially
2) The first label assigned after a LSR comes up is
generally a constant value.

Based on the above assumptions, any intruder Trudy can
get enough plain-text cipher text combinations if he
sniffs on the link for a long enough time. Posed risks
are:

1) Label mapping may be discovered which could allow
any intruder to steal resources from Bob (and probably
many other LSRs on the LSP that Bob is a part of)

2) Trudy can play with plain-text, cipher-text pairs
and probably break the security association that is in
place between Alice and Bob.

Has this problem been addressed so far? Can we use a
non-deterministic crypto-system where if the same key
is used to encrypt a given plain-text twice, the two
resulting cipher-texts differ in a random fashion?
(for e.g. the RPK algorithm proposed by Romeo,
Romolotti, Mattaveli and Mlynek from Swiss Federal
Institute of Technology). Such a solution seems to be
addressing both the above risks.

Comments are much appreciated.

Thanks,
Vishal

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 28 05:53:31 2003
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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'Vishal Zinjuvadia'" <vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com>, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Security concern during LSP establishment
Date: Mon, 28 Jul 2003 11:52:44 +0200
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hi vishal,

thanks for raising your security issue. i have some basic questions to
better understand the problem:

are all signaling messages exchanged between alice and bob protected (data
origin authentication, integrity and replay protection)?
 
if yes, how is the security association established? 

how is it possible that an adversary can benefit from the discovered label
mapping? 
what steps are necessary after discovering the label mapping to mount an
attack? 

ciao
hannes

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vishal Zinjuvadia [mailto:vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com]
> Sent: Sunday, July 27, 2003 4:36 AM
> To: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: [NSIS] Security concern during LSP establishment
> 
> 
> Hello All:
> 
> Following is a problem that may come up during
> exchange of label request and label mapping messages
> between two LERs using any signaling protocols.
> 
> Label Edge Routers Alice and Bob:
> 	
> 	+-------+	 	       +-------+
> 	|	|M(LR)-> 	       |       |
> 	|Alice	|----------------------|Bob    |
> 	|	|	   <-Enc(M(LM))|       |
> 	+-------+	   ^           +-------+
>                            |
>                            |
>                            |
>                          Trudy (intruder)
>                  
> Security Association is assumed to exist between Alice
> and Bob
> 
> Let M(A) be a message A.
> and Enc(M(A)) be the encrypted message A.
> 
> 1) label request sent from Alice to Bob: M(LR)
> 2) Encrypted label mapping sent from Bob to Alice:
> Enc(M(LM))
>                  
> The way most signaling protocol are designed,
> following holds true:
> 
> 1) Labels are assigned sequentially
> 2) The first label assigned after a LSR comes up is
> generally a constant value.
> 
> Based on the above assumptions, any intruder Trudy can
> get enough plain-text cipher text combinations if he
> sniffs on the link for a long enough time. Posed risks
> are:
> 
> 1) Label mapping may be discovered which could allow
> any intruder to steal resources from Bob (and probably
> many other LSRs on the LSP that Bob is a part of)
> 
> 2) Trudy can play with plain-text, cipher-text pairs
> and probably break the security association that is in
> place between Alice and Bob.
> 
> Has this problem been addressed so far? Can we use a
> non-deterministic crypto-system where if the same key
> is used to encrypt a given plain-text twice, the two
> resulting cipher-texts differ in a random fashion?
> (for e.g. the RPK algorithm proposed by Romeo,
> Romolotti, Mattaveli and Mlynek from Swiss Federal
> Institute of Technology). Such a solution seems to be
> addressing both the above risks.
> 
> Comments are much appreciated.
> 
> Thanks,
> Vishal
> 
> __________________________________
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> _______________________________________________
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> 

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 28 11:28:30 2003
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Subject: [NSIS] general comment on tunnel handling (was: RE: mobility-related req
 uirements...)
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Dear all,

I thought I'd make a general comment on assumptions about tunnel 
handling in NSIS. Although these assumptions have been mentioned
randomly from time to time, they aren't [yet] documented anywhere,
and probably should be made explicit.

The basic assumption is that if some node in the network
is encapsulating IP packets (for some flow) and sending them to 
a remote tunnel endpoint inside a tunnel, then the 'default' state of 
affairs is that any signalling traffic for that flow is encapsulated
and tunnelled to the same endpoint. If you want to signal about the
tunnel, that means that the tunnel origin (ideally, both endpoints)
have to be NSIS-aware and that they generate logically separate 
signalling for the tunnel (i.e. the tunnel is a new flow).

I've been not worrying about this assumption very much because it
seems to be 'natural' given the way the rest of the framework is
described, and also conceptually the same as RSVP tunnel handling 
(RFC2746). Obviously there are details about which layer of NSIS
should carry information binding inner flows to outer tunnels, if
that information needs to be carried, which I think can be left open
for now.

If there are objections to this view, please say so (and why).

cheers,

robert h.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Xiaoming Fu [mailto:fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de]
> Sent: Friday, July 25, 2003 11:19
> To: Charles Q. Shen
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org; Hancock, Robert; Paulo Mendes
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> 
> 
> Charles,
> 
> > 
> > Again I am a bit confused about the notion of universe 
> flow-id and the
> > (supposed to be unique) session ID here. 
> I think Robert's concept on *universe* flow-id doesn't need to be 
> unchanged during a session; if I understand correctly, he only meant 
> "universe" for signaling session at one time.
> 
> > Also are you talking about tunneling?
> 
> So far in this thread, not yet. However, in my view, IP-in-IP 
> tunneling 
> is an important issue for NSIS-mobility to work out. Re-routing and 
> local repair issues in the data path changed by mobile IP may 
> introduce 
> problems other than (routing header + destination option in case of 
> MIPv6) - imagine what if a message is encapulated into tunneled :-); 
> reverse tunneling could be more complicated. My ideal model 
> is that NTLP 
> should be aware of any tunnel entry and exits, and route NSIS message 
> when entering and inside a tunnel differently from the case 
> outside the 
> tunnel.
> 
> Cheers,
> Xiaoming
> 

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul 28 11:29:33 2003
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	 <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>, nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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hi xiaoming,

more clarifications (I hope):

> I followed up your previous mail regarding universe flow id 
> because this 
> is also (for both you and I) meant how to route the NSIS messages. 
> Actually, in a previous version of fw draft it stated either way of 
> using flow-id:
>      *) Use a flow identification based on low level IP 
> addresses (e.g.
>     the Care of Address) and other 'standard' fields in the IP header.
>     This makes least demands on the packet classification 
> engines within
>     the network. However, it means that even on a part of the 
> flow path
>     which is unchanged, the reservation will need to be modified to
>     reflect the changed flow identification (see section 5.3.3).
> 
>      *) Use a flow identification that does not change (e.g. based on
>     Home Address); this is the approach assumed in [23]. This 
> simplifies
>     the problem of reservation update, at the likely cost of 
> considerably
>     complicating the flow identification requirements.

[reh] and what we are assuming is the first approach and not the
second.

> 
> This can also answer some discussions. My worry, however, is that 
> flow-id might be insufficient to address the NSIS messages in 
> mobility 
> scenarios, not talking about the mobility-coupled issue; I 
> was trying to 
> discuss in the context of decoupling NSIS signaling from MIP 
> signaling.
> 
> Hancock, Robert wrote:
> > *) I'm not really sure what Xiaoming is suggesting in terms 
> of routing
> > NSLP messages *other* than on flow-id. The flow-id is essentially
> > defined as 'the thing which characterises the data path', so routing
> > on anything else is morally equivalent to off-path signalling. 
> 
> At least I can tell, if we use some on-path LMM schemes (e.g., fast 
> handover, HMIP), this flow-id could be insufficient to route NSIS 
> messages. In such cases, data path in the new segment(s) may not be 
> fully characterized by the flow-id (3/5 tuple?).

[reh] the fundamental question is: how are the data packets themselves
being routed? whatever is making them follow the route they follow
should be invoked to make the signalling packets follow the same route.
(*how* to make that invocation is another issue; one approach is to
make the signalling packets look like data packets, another is to 
make the nodes which do some forwarding which is not-purely-IP-DA
NSIS-aware and have them route signalling packets at the NTLP level
on the flow-id directly. see numerous other emails on that subject.)

[if the data packets are being routed on something other than 3/5 tuple
and possibly routing header, I suspect we are in deep trouble.]

r.

> 
> Cheers,
> Xiaoming
> 

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Dear all, 

I tried analysing Hennings and Melindas NTLP drafts in order to find the fundamental differences. No doubt others have also done this; I would like to compare notes.

- what transport protocol to use, if any.
the most hotly debated difference. I don't dare going into details ;-)

- Whether a NE know its next hop peer. 
In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. The next NE peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and subsequently addressed implicitly. 
In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of the next NE peer's address. 
To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is necessary for channel security which we require to at least be possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like a necessary feature.

And that's it...!?

There was one more difference, because in Melindas draft, each PATH-like message must be replied to by a RESERVE-like message (Sec. 3.1). However at the nsis meeting, Melinda agreed there is no reason for the RESERVE message to be issued, so it could be dropped. 

There are a couple of what I believe are minor (i.e. not fundamental) differences, or may be rather the level of detail provided differs between the two drafts. I think they can be sorted out without too much problem - such as:

- do we need a Logical Interface Handle?
- Message bundling and Summary Refresh is only detailed in Melindas draft
- According to Henning it is possible to not leave any state behind (set-up and tear-down in same message). However no details are given.
- etc.

I would be interested to know if others (incl the authors) arrived at the same conclusion, resp what I overlooked. 

Best regards, Cornelia.

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Hi all,

Melinda indicated that she is unable to continue working on the NTLP =
document
with Henning, so I have asked Robert Hancock to work together with =
Henning
on producing a version -00 of the NTLP document.  I would like the =
working
group to review that document when it is published.  Once published,
focusing on big picture issues initially would be first steps for the
WG to review.

I hope that Henning & Robert can produce a good document within a =
reasonable
time frame so we can work towards fufilling our charter items.

thanks,
John

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Hi all,

Here is a short summary of the NSIS meeting, with a longer version to =
follow.
Please review this.  If anyone feels that the consensus reached in the =
meeting
is in error, or disagrees with the consensus, please comment.

thanks,
John


NSIS met for 2 sessions at IETF 57, the highlights of the meeting are as =
follows:

There was discussion of 2 I-Ds for NSIS Transport Protocol:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-schulzrinne-nsis-ntlp-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shore-ntlp-00.txt
Some techinical details were discussed.  The summary of the discussion =
was that
there is sufficient commonality between the two proposals, should merge =
draft. Areas=20
of disagreement to be left as open issues with discussion on mailing =
list. Will organize=20
open design team conference calls as needed.


Hannes Tschofenig discussed 4 drafts on ecurity, Threats & Authorization =
issues.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-threats-02.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-rsvp-sec-properties-0=
2.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschofenig-nsis-qos-authz-issue=
s-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschofenig-nsis-sid-00.txt

The NSIS threats document was in WG last call, Hannes will reissue the =
draft
and the WG chair will review the draft to see if it is ready for AD =
review.  RSVP
Security Properties draft is nearly ready for WGLC.  The other drafts =
raised
issues which should be discussed during protocol design phase.


Robert Hancock discussed the Next Steps in Signaling Framework. =20
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-fw-03.txt

The WG felt that the draft is in good shape, and WGLC should start once =
the
draft is reissued.


Xiaoming Fu discussed an individual draft, Mobility Support in NSIS=20

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-fu-nsis-mobility-00.txt

Consensus was that work will continue on this, on an individual basis


Jukka Manner discussed Analysis of Existing Signaling Protocols =20

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nsis-signalling-analysis-0=
2.txt

There are a few open issues with the draft, Jukka will contact Michael =
Thomas
to see about including comments from his draft on mobility, and re-issue =
the
draft.


Robert Hancock presented a proposal for NSIS QoS Application Protocol. =
This
discussion was a combined discussion of 3 proposals.  The WG agreed that
moving forward on this item is important, and the authors of the =
proposals
will work together to produce a -00 version as a WG document.  Sven van =
den
Bosch will prepare a timetable (roadmap, review teams, open issue list,=20
needs for telephone conferences, etc.) for the work.


Marcus Brunner discussed a proposal for a NSIS Middle Box Signaling =
Application=20
Protocol

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-brunner-nsis-midcom-ps-00.txt

The working group felt that this was a good document, and should be a WG
item.  Marcus will work on preparing a timetable (roadmap, review teams, =

open issue list, needs for telephone conferences, etc.) for the work.

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From: Vishal Zinjuvadia <vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] Security concern during LSP establishment
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Hello Hannes:

Thanks for your reply.

I am hoping that the following points will help me in
making the problem clear.

The messages between Alice and Bob are expected to
have some degree of security associated with them.
Ideally they are expected to be talking over an
encrypted control channel. But at the very least,
sensitive information carried in the messages must be
encrypted. Data origin authentication & message
integrity are provided (using digitally signed hash of
the message appended to the message itself) and so is
replay protection (using sequence number or challenge
nonce).

Security association can be established
administratively (offline) or using some other
protocol. As a result, Alice and Bob share a secret
key that is known only to those two entities.

Let us assume that Trudy (intruder) is able to
determine the label-mapping (label as well as the IP
address of the node that Alice is trying to
communicate with - for e.g. Fred) using methods
described in my previous email. Then Trudy can get his
traffic switched across Bob's domain without having to
pay for it. If some sort of Service-Level Agreement
for a fixed amount of bandwidth exists between Alice
and Bob, traffic from Alice may occassionally be
denied entry into Bob's domain. Moreover, Bob may be
billing Alice based on the number of packets received
with a particular label. Trudy can launch denial of
service attacks on Bob (and also on Fred with whom the
Alice is trying to communicate via Bob's domain) since
he knows that incoming packets with valid label will
not be dropped an will be switched & routed all the
way. The impact can be much worse on Fred if the
traffic injected by Trudy is actually control traffic
for Fred.

Your comments are much appreciated.

Thanks,
Vishal 

--- Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
wrote:
> hi vishal,
> 
> thanks for raising your security issue. i have some
> basic questions to
> better understand the problem:
> 
> are all signaling messages exchanged between alice
> and bob protected (data
> origin authentication, integrity and replay
> protection)?
>  
> if yes, how is the security association established?
> 
> 
> how is it possible that an adversary can benefit
> from the discovered label
> mapping? 
> what steps are necessary after discovering the label
> mapping to mount an
> attack? 
> 
> ciao
> hannes
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Vishal Zinjuvadia
> [mailto:vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com]
> > Sent: Sunday, July 27, 2003 4:36 AM
> > To: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: [NSIS] Security concern during LSP
> establishment
> > 
> > 
> > Hello All:
> > 
> > Following is a problem that may come up during
> > exchange of label request and label mapping
> messages
> > between two LERs using any signaling protocols.
> > 
> > Label Edge Routers Alice and Bob:
> > 	
> > 	+-------+	 	       +-------+
> > 	|	|M(LR)-> 	       |       |
> > 	|Alice	|----------------------|Bob    |
> > 	|	|	   <-Enc(M(LM))|       |
> > 	+-------+	   ^           +-------+
> >                            |
> >                            |
> >                            |
> >                          Trudy (intruder)
> >                  
> > Security Association is assumed to exist between
> Alice
> > and Bob
> > 
> > Let M(A) be a message A.
> > and Enc(M(A)) be the encrypted message A.
> > 
> > 1) label request sent from Alice to Bob: M(LR)
> > 2) Encrypted label mapping sent from Bob to Alice:
> > Enc(M(LM))
> >                  
> > The way most signaling protocol are designed,
> > following holds true:
> > 
> > 1) Labels are assigned sequentially
> > 2) The first label assigned after a LSR comes up
> is
> > generally a constant value.
> > 
> > Based on the above assumptions, any intruder Trudy
> can
> > get enough plain-text cipher text combinations if
> he
> > sniffs on the link for a long enough time. Posed
> risks
> > are:
> > 
> > 1) Label mapping may be discovered which could
> allow
> > any intruder to steal resources from Bob (and
> probably
> > many other LSRs on the LSP that Bob is a part of)
> > 
> > 2) Trudy can play with plain-text, cipher-text
> pairs
> > and probably break the security association that
> is in
> > place between Alice and Bob.
> > 
> > Has this problem been addressed so far? Can we use
> a
> > non-deterministic crypto-system where if the same
> key
> > is used to encrypt a given plain-text twice, the
> two
> > resulting cipher-texts differ in a random fashion?
> > (for e.g. the RPK algorithm proposed by Romeo,
> > Romolotti, Mattaveli and Mlynek from Swiss Federal
> > Institute of Technology). Such a solution seems to
> be
> > addressing both the above risks.
> > 
> > Comments are much appreciated.
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > Vishal
> > 
> > __________________________________
> > Do you Yahoo!?
> > Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site
> design software
> > http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> > 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis


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From: "Thanh Tra LUU" <luu@enst.fr>
To: "Kappler Cornelia" <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
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References: <4D486782CA36D4118A530000D11EA42A021AC310@blns204e.bln.icn.siemens.de>
Subject: Re: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
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hi Cornelia,


> I tried analysing Hennings and Melindas NTLP drafts in order to find
the fundamental differences. No doubt others have also done this; I
would like to compare notes.
>
> - what transport protocol to use, if any.
> the most hotly debated difference. I don't dare going into details
;-)

:o)


> - Whether a NE know its next hop peer.
> In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. The next NE
peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and subsequently addressed
implicitly.
> In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of the next NE
peer's address.
> To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is
necessary for channel security which we require to at least be
possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like a necessary
feature.
>
> And that's it...!?

It is possible that a NE does not know the next node to send a
message. By examining the RSVP-HOP (previous hop) object and INTEGRITY
object, a NE can know which NE has sent this message and which key is
used (following the security association between them). Maybe I don't
understand clearly what you mean " next NE peer is necessary for
channel security ".

> There was one more difference, because in Melindas draft, each
PATH-like message must be replied to by a RESERVE-like message (Sec.
3.1). However at the nsis meeting, Melinda agreed there is no reason
for the RESERVE message to be issued, so it could be dropped.

I think it is up to NSLP.

> There are a couple of what I believe are minor (i.e. not
fundamental) differences, or may be rather the level of detail
provided differs between the two drafts. I think they can be sorted
out without too much problem - such as:
>
> - do we need a Logical Interface Handle?

LIH is used for multicast session. According to me, it is not used if
we don't mind multicast signaling applications.

Nary Tra
ENST, Paris




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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'Thanh Tra LUU'" <luu@enst.fr>,
        Kappler Cornelia
	 <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
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hi, 

~snip~
> 
> > - Whether a NE know its next hop peer.
> > In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. The next NE
> peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and subsequently addressed
> implicitly.
> > In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of the next NE
> peer's address.
> > To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is
> necessary for channel security which we require to at least be
> possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like a necessary
> feature.
> >
> > And that's it...!?
> 
> It is possible that a NE does not know the next node to send a
> message. By examining the RSVP-HOP (previous hop) object and INTEGRITY
> object, a NE can know which NE has sent this message and which key is
> used (following the security association between them). Maybe I don't
> understand clearly what you mean " next NE peer is necessary for
> channel security ".


the problem occurs with rsvp path-alike messages. you send a message and do
not really know which node is actually going to intercept it.

if you know it by some means - e.g. routing table (which is already a
discovery mechanism - assuming you additionally know that the next node will
be nsis aware) then you can select the proper security association (and
key). still something can go wrong and the message ends up at the wrong node
which will drop the incorrectly protected signaling message and you will not
receive an error message.


i guess everyone will tell you that securing discovery messages is hard. 

~snip~


ciao
hannes

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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com'" <vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com>
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Subject: RE:  [NSIS] Security concern during LSP establishment
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hi vishal, 

from your description it sounds that the problem is that the adversary is
able to injecting data traffic. the data traffic - i assume mpls traffic -
is marked with a specific label to force some other entity to believe that
the traffic belongs to someone else.

is this observation correct?

is the adversary able to observe the label mapping also from the data
traffic itself or only from the signaling messages? 

what assumptions must be met in order for an adversary to inject data
traffic? is only an in-path adversary able to perform this attack? is it
necessary for the adversary to be located inside the mpls domain?

i assume that it is not possible to inject bogus signaling messages since
they experience proper security protection. 

ciao
hannes


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vishal Zinjuvadia [mailto:vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 29, 2003 8:33 AM
> To: Tschofenig Hannes
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] Security concern during LSP establishment
> 
> 
> Hello Hannes:
> 
> Thanks for your reply.
> 
> I am hoping that the following points will help me in
> making the problem clear.
> 
> The messages between Alice and Bob are expected to
> have some degree of security associated with them.
> Ideally they are expected to be talking over an
> encrypted control channel. But at the very least,
> sensitive information carried in the messages must be
> encrypted. Data origin authentication & message
> integrity are provided (using digitally signed hash of
> the message appended to the message itself) and so is
> replay protection (using sequence number or challenge
> nonce).
> 
> Security association can be established
> administratively (offline) or using some other
> protocol. As a result, Alice and Bob share a secret
> key that is known only to those two entities.
> 
> Let us assume that Trudy (intruder) is able to
> determine the label-mapping (label as well as the IP
> address of the node that Alice is trying to
> communicate with - for e.g. Fred) using methods
> described in my previous email. Then Trudy can get his
> traffic switched across Bob's domain without having to
> pay for it. If some sort of Service-Level Agreement
> for a fixed amount of bandwidth exists between Alice
> and Bob, traffic from Alice may occassionally be
> denied entry into Bob's domain. Moreover, Bob may be
> billing Alice based on the number of packets received
> with a particular label. Trudy can launch denial of
> service attacks on Bob (and also on Fred with whom the
> Alice is trying to communicate via Bob's domain) since
> he knows that incoming packets with valid label will
> not be dropped an will be switched & routed all the
> way. The impact can be much worse on Fred if the
> traffic injected by Trudy is actually control traffic
> for Fred.
> 
> Your comments are much appreciated.
> 
> Thanks,
> Vishal 
> 
> --- Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
> wrote:
> > hi vishal,
> > 
> > thanks for raising your security issue. i have some
> > basic questions to
> > better understand the problem:
> > 
> > are all signaling messages exchanged between alice
> > and bob protected (data
> > origin authentication, integrity and replay
> > protection)?
> >  
> > if yes, how is the security association established?
> > 
> > 
> > how is it possible that an adversary can benefit
> > from the discovered label
> > mapping? 
> > what steps are necessary after discovering the label
> > mapping to mount an
> > attack? 
> > 
> > ciao
> > hannes
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Vishal Zinjuvadia
> > [mailto:vzinjuvadia@yahoo.com]
> > > Sent: Sunday, July 27, 2003 4:36 AM
> > > To: nsis@ietf.org
> > > Subject: [NSIS] Security concern during LSP
> > establishment
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Hello All:
> > > 
> > > Following is a problem that may come up during
> > > exchange of label request and label mapping
> > messages
> > > between two LERs using any signaling protocols.
> > > 
> > > Label Edge Routers Alice and Bob:
> > > 	
> > > 	+-------+	 	       +-------+
> > > 	|	|M(LR)-> 	       |       |
> > > 	|Alice	|----------------------|Bob    |
> > > 	|	|	   <-Enc(M(LM))|       |
> > > 	+-------+	   ^           +-------+
> > >                            |
> > >                            |
> > >                            |
> > >                          Trudy (intruder)
> > >                  
> > > Security Association is assumed to exist between
> > Alice
> > > and Bob
> > > 
> > > Let M(A) be a message A.
> > > and Enc(M(A)) be the encrypted message A.
> > > 
> > > 1) label request sent from Alice to Bob: M(LR)
> > > 2) Encrypted label mapping sent from Bob to Alice:
> > > Enc(M(LM))
> > >                  
> > > The way most signaling protocol are designed,
> > > following holds true:
> > > 
> > > 1) Labels are assigned sequentially
> > > 2) The first label assigned after a LSR comes up
> > is
> > > generally a constant value.
> > > 
> > > Based on the above assumptions, any intruder Trudy
> > can
> > > get enough plain-text cipher text combinations if
> > he
> > > sniffs on the link for a long enough time. Posed
> > risks
> > > are:
> > > 
> > > 1) Label mapping may be discovered which could
> > allow
> > > any intruder to steal resources from Bob (and
> > probably
> > > many other LSRs on the LSP that Bob is a part of)
> > > 
> > > 2) Trudy can play with plain-text, cipher-text
> > pairs
> > > and probably break the security association that
> > is in
> > > place between Alice and Bob.
> > > 
> > > Has this problem been addressed so far? Can we use
> > a
> > > non-deterministic crypto-system where if the same
> > key
> > > is used to encrypt a given plain-text twice, the
> > two
> > > resulting cipher-texts differ in a random fashion?
> > > (for e.g. the RPK algorithm proposed by Romeo,
> > > Romolotti, Mattaveli and Mlynek from Swiss Federal
> > > Institute of Technology). Such a solution seems to
> > be
> > > addressing both the above risks.
> > > 
> > > Comments are much appreciated.
> > > 
> > > Thanks,
> > > Vishal
> > > 
> > > __________________________________
> > > Do you Yahoo!?
> > > Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site
> > design software
> > > http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com
> > > 
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > nsis mailing list
> > > nsis@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> > > 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 
> 
> __________________________________
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> 

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From: Kappler Cornelia <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
To: "'Thanh Tra LUU'" <luu@enst.fr>
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Hi Nary, see inline

> > - Whether a NE know its next hop peer.
> > In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. The next NE
> peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and subsequently addressed
> implicitly.
> > In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of the next NE
> peer's address.
> > To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is
> necessary for channel security which we require to at least be
> possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like a necessary
> feature.
> >
> > And that's it...!?
> 
> It is possible that a NE does not know the next node to send a
> message. By examining the RSVP-HOP (previous hop) object and INTEGRITY
> object, a NE can know which NE has sent this message and which key is
> used (following the security association between them). Maybe I don't
> understand clearly what you mean " next NE peer is necessary for
> channel security ".

As Hannes already pointed out, in order to establish a security association / utilize the correct one you need to know the next NE peer.

> 
> > - do we need a Logical Interface Handle?
> 
> LIH is used for multicast session. According to me, it is not used if
> we don't mind multicast signaling applications.

I think we should be careful to understand what LIH is really necessary for. It is true (according to my understanding from reading 2205) that LIH is necessary to correctly route multicast RESV messages through tunnels over non-multicast aware routers. But is this the only usage?

For example there is a - for me somewhat cryptic - paragraph in 2205 saying "The LIH may also be useful when RSVP reservations are made over a complex link layer, to map between IP layer and link layer flow entities."  

In fact, more generally, 2205 says the LIH is used to identify the (logical) interface on which the PATH message was sent out and on which the reservation is to be established. The RESERVE may arrive at a different interface, e.g. after traversing a non-RSVP cloud, or because of a tunneling situation, and the router must be enabled to asign the RESERVE to previously established PATH state.

Do we need the this feature? Remember, although we may not have PATH/RESV, we do need reverse routing state for some nslps. Below an attempt at a more detailed analysis (it would be nice if an RSVP expert could shed more light on this) - excuse the length:

Why would the router have difficulties assigning the RESERVE to PATH state on a different (logical) interface?

Is it because processing is done per interface, and these processes dont talk to each other? Not in our situation, since we have the concept of an NE per node, and not NE per interface.

Or is it because the session identifier in the RESV is not sufficient to uniquely identify the corresponding PATH state? I think such a situation can happen, but only in the special case of tunnels through a non-multicast node - not for other tunnels or general non-RSVP clouds: 

Assume a mc session originates in a host attached to router A. The next hop router B is non-mc. However the mc session branches in B towards routers C and D. In such a situation A would establish one tunnel each towards C and D. These tunnels would all leave A towards B via the same interface. The original PATH message is replicated, such that there is one traveling in each tunnel, popping out at C and D respectively. (Note we dont care about the reservation for the tunnels. This is only covered in 2746. We are just interested in correctly routing the RSVP messages) When C and D send back the RESVs, which they address directly to A, A needs some means to attach the RESVs to the correct tunnels. Obviously the session ID is identical. Here the LIH, which is different for each tunnel, comes to rescue.

So, as we dont cover mc for now, we dont need to cover this situation either. Therefore, I come to the same conclusion after all ;-) we dont need the LIH. It might very well be though that I missed something.

Cornelia

 



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Jul 29 19:06:25 2003
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I think your analysis is not quite right, but your conclusion seems to
be correct.

Assume pure unicast.

When the NSIS equivalent to an upstream RESV message arrives, how does
the NSIS program figure out which outgoing interface should have the
reservation?  Matching the path state does not help, because path state
is bound to incoming interfaces, not outgoing interfaces.  But the NSIS
program can make the proper assignment by consulting routing -- what
interface will data packets for this session be sent out?  Bind the
reservation to that interface.  So, the LIH is not logically necessary.

(OTOH, the LIH is an awfully cheap way to avoid this routing lookup in
the NSIS daemon!).

That's the way it seems to me.

Bob Braden

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One question for clarification:

How would do you find out the LIH in the first place, without consulting 
the routing table?

Bob Braden wrote:

> I think your analysis is not quite right, but your conclusion seems to
> be correct.
> 
> Assume pure unicast.
> 
> When the NSIS equivalent to an upstream RESV message arrives, how does
> the NSIS program figure out which outgoing interface should have the
> reservation?  Matching the path state does not help, because path state
> is bound to incoming interfaces, not outgoing interfaces.  But the NSIS
> program can make the proper assignment by consulting routing -- what
> interface will data packets for this session be sent out?  Bind the
> reservation to that interface.  So, the LIH is not logically necessary.
> 
> (OTOH, the LIH is an awfully cheap way to avoid this routing lookup in
> the NSIS daemon!).
> 
> That's the way it seems to me.
> 
> Bob Braden
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis


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  *> From nsis-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul 29 16:21:09 2003
  *> Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 19:19:40 -0400
  *> From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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  *> To: Bob Braden <braden@ISI.EDU>
  *> CC: luu@enst.fr, cornelia.kappler@siemens.com, nsis@ietf.org
  *> Subject: Re: [NSIS] LIH  (was: ntlp drafts differences)
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  *> One question for clarification:
  *> 
  *> How would do you find out the LIH in the first place, without consulting 
  *> the routing table?

Presumably you have to do that whenever you send a path message; it saves
you doing it again when you receive a Resv message. Right?

Bob

  *> 
  *> Bob Braden wrote:
  *> 
  *> > I think your analysis is not quite right, but your conclusion seems to
  *> > be correct.
  *> > 
  *> > Assume pure unicast.
  *> > 
  *> > When the NSIS equivalent to an upstream RESV message arrives, how does
  *> > the NSIS program figure out which outgoing interface should have the
  *> > reservation?  Matching the path state does not help, because path state
  *> > is bound to incoming interfaces, not outgoing interfaces.  But the NSIS
  *> > program can make the proper assignment by consulting routing -- what
  *> > interface will data packets for this session be sent out?  Bind the
  *> > reservation to that interface.  So, the LIH is not logically necessary.
  *> > 
  *> > (OTOH, the LIH is an awfully cheap way to avoid this routing lookup in
  *> > the NSIS daemon!).
  *> > 
  *> > That's the way it seems to me.
  *> > 
  *> > Bob Braden
  *> > 
  *> > _______________________________________________
  *> > nsis mailing list
  *> > nsis@ietf.org
  *> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
  *> 
  *> 
  *> _______________________________________________
  *> nsis mailing list
  *> nsis@ietf.org
  *> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
  *> 

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> 
> Presumably you have to do that whenever you send a path message; it saves
> you doing it again when you receive a Resv message. Right?

 From a practical perspective, if you send a UDP-based PATH message, you 
wouldn't know which interface it left on. I think even for raw IP 
packets, the kernel does the routing, without informing the sender of 
the details of the interface selection decision. (Many of us would like 
to implement NSIS outside the kernel...)


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Hi all,

For those who are updating drafts or plan on submitting new ones, please
review the ID Nits.

thanks,
John

-----Original Message-----
From: ext IETF Secretariat [mailto:ietf-secretariat@ietf.org]
Sent: 29 July, 2003 20:32
To: wgchairs@ietf.org
Cc: iesg@ietf.org
Subject: ID Nits Reminder


Dear Working Group Chairs:

In the course of your efforts, you will be submitting Internet-Drafts to =
the IESG
for consideration as RFCs.  Please note that all Internet-Drafts offered =
for
publication as RFCs must conform to the requirements specified in ID =
Nits
(http://www.ietf.org/ID-nits.html), or they will be returned to the =
author(s)
for revision.  Therefore, the IETF Secretariat strongly recommends that =
you address
all of the issues raised in this document before submitting a request to =
publish
an Internet-Draft to the IESG.  The content issues should be addressed =
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Internet-Draft.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 08:35:34 2003
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From: Kappler Cornelia <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
To: Bob Braden <braden@ISI.EDU>, hgs@cs.columbia.edu
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Subject: AW: [NSIS] LIH  (was: ntlp drafts differences)
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Stupid question: why do I not just store "outgoing interface ID" in the PATH state rather than LIH? Then I need to do the lookup only once, too.

And then it seems to me the nsis problem in that respect is different to the RSVP problem, and nsis usually doesn't need LIH or similar information: 

The ntlp may be used for all sorts of nslps, not just QoS reservation. ntlp needs to be able to correctly do backwards routing, i.e. assign a message coming in on an arbitrary interface to the correct ntlp state. It can do this using the session ID (plus possibly other flow-specific information - i.e. not LIH or similar); however it does not manage interface specific "reservation state" or whatever other nslp state - which in a general case may not even be bound to a particular interface (or would it be?). Therefore at least ntlp doesn't need "outgoing interface information" (LIH or otherwise).

What about nslp, particulary the QoS nslp? According to the framework (6.1.5), nslp just does signaling for QoS, it doesn't do resource management. The resource management function (RMF) may not even be co-located with the nsis node. So I would conclude, nslp, too, doesn't need to know what interface a reservation will be on.

Welcoming comments on flaws in my analysis, Cornelia.

 

>   *> One question for clarification:
>   *> 
>   *> How would do you find out the LIH in the first place, 
> without consulting 
>   *> the routing table?
> 
> Presumably you have to do that whenever you send a path 
> message; it saves
> you doing it again when you receive a Resv message. Right?
> 
> Bob
> 
>   *> 
>   *> Bob Braden wrote:
>   *> 
>   *> > I think your analysis is not quite right, but your 
> conclusion seems to
>   *> > be correct.
>   *> > 
>   *> > Assume pure unicast.
>   *> > 
>   *> > When the NSIS equivalent to an upstream RESV message 
> arrives, how does
>   *> > the NSIS program figure out which outgoing interface 
> should have the
>   *> > reservation?  Matching the path state does not help, 
> because path state
>   *> > is bound to incoming interfaces, not outgoing 
> interfaces.  But the NSIS
>   *> > program can make the proper assignment by consulting 
> routing -- what
>   *> > interface will data packets for this session be sent 
> out?  Bind the
>   *> > reservation to that interface.  So, the LIH is not 
> logically necessary.
>   *> > 
>   *> > (OTOH, the LIH is an awfully cheap way to avoid this 
> routing lookup in
>   *> > the NSIS daemon!).
>   *> > 
>   *> > That's the way it seems to me.
>   *> > 
>   *> > Bob Braden
>   *> > 
>   *> > _______________________________________________
>   *> > nsis mailing list
>   *> > nsis@ietf.org
>   *> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>   *> 
>   *> 
>   *> _______________________________________________
>   *> nsis mailing list
>   *> nsis@ietf.org
>   *> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>   *> 
> 

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  *> > 
  *> > Presumably you have to do that whenever you send a path message; it saves
  *> > you doing it again when you receive a Resv message. Right?
  *> 
  *>  From a practical perspective, if you send a UDP-based PATH message, you 
  *> wouldn't know which interface it left on. I think even for raw IP 
  *> packets, the kernel does the routing, without informing the sender of 
  *> the details of the interface selection decision. (Many of us would like 
  *> to implement NSIS outside the kernel...)
  *> 

Henning,

Then I don't see how NSIS can work with such a kernel.  See my earlier
message: NSIS has to be able to ask routing what decisision it will
make.

When you say "the kernel", you have to define which kernel you mean.
Cisco IOS?  Some particular flavor of Unix (different ones do it
differently).

This seems to have degenerated into a silly discussion, or else I don't
get it.

Bob

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  *> 
  *> Stupid question: why do I not just store "outgoing interface ID" in the PATH state rather than LIH? Then I need to do the lookup only once, too.
  *> 

Cornelia,

The LIH *is* (an opaque handle on) the "outgoing interface ID.  That
is, it is encoded in a manner that is understood by the sender but not
necessarily by the downstream receiver.


  *> And then it seems to me the nsis problem in that respect is different to the RSVP problem, and nsis usually doesn't need LIH or similar information: 
  *> 
  *> The ntlp may be used for all sorts of nslps, not just QoS reservation. ntlp needs to be able to correctly do backwards routing, i.e. assign a message coming in on an arbitrary interface to the correct ntlp state. It can do this using the session ID (plus possibly other flow-specific information - i.e. not LIH or similar); however it does not manage interface specific "reservation state" or whatever other nslp state - which in a general case may not even be bound to a particular interface (or would it be?). Therefore at least ntlp doesn't need "outgoing interface information" (LIH or otherwise).

It appears that you did not follow what I said.  Indeed, it "doesn't need"
the LIH, as I said, but it may be useful to have it.

  *> 
  *> What about nslp, particulary the QoS nslp? According to the framework (6.1.5), nslp just does signaling for QoS, it doesn't do resource management. The resource management function (RMF) may not even be co-located with the nsis node. So I would conclude, nslp, too, doesn't need to know what interface a reservation will be on.

Your argument seems a little strange, if I understand it.  QoS
reservation is to be one of the applications of NSIS.  For QoS
reservations, you had better know on which outgoing interface to apply
the reservation.  Therefore, either NSLP or NTLP must be able to make
this mapping (In this discussion of LIH, I do not intend to take a
stand on which layer has to provide this functionality; my Two-Level
paper did take a stand on that issue, but you folks are rethinking that
modularity.)

Bob Braden







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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: "'Bob Braden'" <braden@ISI.EDU>, hgs@cs.columbia.edu
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] LIH  (was: ntlp drafts differences)
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 17:50:02 +0100
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Bob, Henning, Cornelia,

I think there are two questions being discussed here.

In terms of needing to know the LIH, in the unicast-only case
I think it's clear that the outgoing interface at a node is derivable
from other information associated with signalling messages, namely
some set of header fields (called the "flow-id" in NSIS, more associated
with the SESSION object in RSVP). So, from that point of view, 
knowing the LIH is not needed like it was in RSVP. And, to be honest,
I'd rather do the mapping between header-fields and interface locally
as and when needed rather than relying on indirection via various
handles being passed around, the latter just seems dangerous.

So I don't think the LIH is useful to be sent back to the 
signalling originator. It might still be useful to the receiver - for
example, detecting that it had changed even though the equivalent
of the RSVP_HOP had not changed (i.e. route changes, peer doesn't).
Or, the protocol might detect that some other way. Or, one might
not care about such changes. I think this is a question of detailed
design at this stage.

The other question that has been raised is whether the NTLP can/should
be implementable in a purely 'routing ignorant' way (informally, as
a user space process), or whether it needs closer access to the 
network layer on a node. It would clearly be nice to implement
the NTLP purely in user space, and logically, since the NTLP only
moves messages around and doesn't actually configure interface 
behaviour directly, this could be possible. The NTLP could punt message
routing decisions to the IP stack, and hope that signalling applications
that cared about interfaces found them consistently with the
way the IP stack did (which is then an implementation issue for those
signalling applications).

In practice, I suspect this will be possible in only simple cases.
For example, if you receive messages with scoped addresses, you
need to know which interface they arrive on and control which interface
they are replied to on (this may be simpler if we don't have site-locals
any more, but I'm not certain). Or, if packets are going to be sent
into tunnels which aren't visible to the sending application, 
some layer has to adapt the signalling payloads which refer to header
fields to reflect this. This might mean integration with all sorts of
horrible VPN and other functions (MIP, L2TP, IPsec, ...) but I 
don't see a way round that. Or, if the node is applying some kind of
policy forwarding, the NTLP may need to force a signalling packet out of
the same interface that it knows data packets are going to use, even
if the IP stack would naturally use a different one.

I tend to think of the NTLP as operating system
dependent for this reason. These aspects only have to be done once,
and in a signalling application dependent way. It doesn't necessarily
mean an in-kernel implementation, since modern OSs may allow all sorts
of intimate access to kernel data structures to appropriately privileged
processes.

Cheers,

Robert H.

PS I'd be interested to know if this thinking is different from the 
original CSTP proposal, since I thought it wasn't. (It talks about 
maintaining neighbour state including the local interface used to 
reach the neighbour as well as its IP address, but I assumed this
was just a cached lookup of the local routing table or something
specific for multicast.)

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bob Braden [mailto:braden@ISI.EDU]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 30, 2003 16:56
> To: braden@ISI.EDU; hgs@cs.columbia.edu
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [NSIS] LIH (was: ntlp drafts differences)
> 
> 
> 
>   *> > 
>   *> > Presumably you have to do that whenever you send a 
> path message; it saves
>   *> > you doing it again when you receive a Resv message. Right?
>   *> 
>   *>  From a practical perspective, if you send a UDP-based 
> PATH message, you 
>   *> wouldn't know which interface it left on. I think even 
> for raw IP 
>   *> packets, the kernel does the routing, without informing 
> the sender of 
>   *> the details of the interface selection decision. (Many 
> of us would like 
>   *> to implement NSIS outside the kernel...)
>   *> 
> 
> Henning,
> 
> Then I don't see how NSIS can work with such a kernel.  See my earlier
> message: NSIS has to be able to ask routing what decisision it will
> make.
> 
> When you say "the kernel", you have to define which kernel you mean.
> Cisco IOS?  Some particular flavor of Unix (different ones do it
> differently).
> 
> This seems to have degenerated into a silly discussion, or 
> else I don't
> get it.
> 
> Bob
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Hancock, Robert'" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>,
        "'Xiaoming Fu'" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
Cc: "'Paulo Mendes'" <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 14:22:45 -0400
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Hi Robert, a few comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On
> Behalf Of Hancock, Robert
> Sent: Monday, July 28, 2003 11:27 AM
> To: 'Xiaoming Fu'
> Cc: 'Charles Q. Shen'; 'Paulo Mendes'; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> 
> 
> hi xiaoming,
> 
> more clarifications (I hope):
> 
> > I followed up your previous mail regarding universe flow id because 
> > this is also (for both you and I) meant how to route the NSIS 
> > messages. Actually, in a previous version of fw draft it stated 
> > either way of using flow-id:
> >      *) Use a flow identification based on low level IP 
> > addresses (e.g.
> >     the Care of Address) and other 'standard' fields in the 
> IP header.
> >     This makes least demands on the packet classification
> > engines within
> >     the network. However, it means that even on a part of the 
> > flow path
> >     which is unchanged, the reservation will need to be modified to
> >     reflect the changed flow identification (see section 5.3.3).
> > 
> >      *) Use a flow identification that does not change
> (e.g. based on
> >     Home Address); this is the approach assumed in [23]. This 
> > simplifies
> >     the problem of reservation update, at the likely cost of
> > considerably
> >     complicating the flow identification requirements.
> 
> [reh] and what we are assuming is the first approach and not
> the second.
> 

Since the second approach seems to be referring to our RSVP-MIP draft, I
would like to make a slight clarification. The key point in that draft
is the necessity to keep a unique Identifier (which I called Flow
Identifer back then) during mobility, so that handoff signaling overhead
may be minimized. Using Home Address is one possibily to achieve that.
But the draft also mentioned other possibilities, such as using IPv6
flow label. 

A breif summary of my understanding so far is: 

1. The identifier that should not change during mobilily (if there is
one) is called the Session Identifier, while its detailed structure is
still open. 
2. The flow identifier is the low level identifier that is used to
acutally route the packet at the NTLP level, its structure could contain
IP 5-tuple, IPv6 flow label, or related IP fields. 
3. The association of the two (layer split functionality, etc.) is still
open.

I think the framework draft already contains very good descriptions of
the two IDs, but it would be helpful to document explicitly what are
still open issues, either in that draft or somewhere else. 

Thanks and regards,

Charles


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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: "'Charles Q. Shen '" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>,
        "Hancock, Robert"
	 <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>,
        "''Xiaoming Fu' '" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
Cc: "''Paulo Mendes' '" <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>,
        "'nsis@ietf.org '"
	 <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
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hi charles,

see below, marked [reh]

-----Original Message-----
From: Charles Q. Shen
To: Hancock, Robert; 'Xiaoming Fu'
Cc: 'Paulo Mendes'; nsis@ietf.org
Sent: 30/07/2003 19:22
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08

Hi Robert, a few comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On
> Behalf Of Hancock, Robert
> Sent: Monday, July 28, 2003 11:27 AM
> To: 'Xiaoming Fu'
> Cc: 'Charles Q. Shen'; 'Paulo Mendes'; nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> 
> 
> hi xiaoming,
> 
> more clarifications (I hope):
> 
> > I followed up your previous mail regarding universe flow id because 
> > this is also (for both you and I) meant how to route the NSIS 
> > messages. Actually, in a previous version of fw draft it stated 
> > either way of using flow-id:
> >      *) Use a flow identification based on low level IP 
> > addresses (e.g.
> >     the Care of Address) and other 'standard' fields in the 
> IP header.
> >     This makes least demands on the packet classification
> > engines within
> >     the network. However, it means that even on a part of the 
> > flow path
> >     which is unchanged, the reservation will need to be modified to
> >     reflect the changed flow identification (see section 5.3.3).
> > 
> >      *) Use a flow identification that does not change
> (e.g. based on
> >     Home Address); this is the approach assumed in [23]. This 
> > simplifies
> >     the problem of reservation update, at the likely cost of
> > considerably
> >     complicating the flow identification requirements.
> 
> [reh] and what we are assuming is the first approach and not
> the second.
> 

Since the second approach seems to be referring to our RSVP-MIP draft, I
would like to make a slight clarification. The key point in that draft
is the necessity to keep a unique Identifier (which I called Flow
Identifer back then) during mobility, so that handoff signaling overhead
may be minimized. Using Home Address is one possibily to achieve that.
But the draft also mentioned other possibilities, such as using IPv6
flow label. 

[reh] your draft is certainly the one referred to, i have seen the
same idea since in other places. the key distinction is
whether the stable identifier is only in the control plane, and 
you accept an update (probably end to end as well) in the data plane;
or whether you attempt to put a stable identifier in the data plane 
itself. You could try to use the HA (or something else) in either 
place as part of the stable identifier, but the main point of the 
above distinction is to claim that the second is impossible for
fairly fundamental reasons.

A breif summary of my understanding so far is: 

1. The identifier that should not change during mobilily (if there is
one) is called the Session Identifier, while its detailed structure is
still open. 
[reh] this is my view. designing it is an NTLP design matter (i.e.
the framework at least will not comment further on it). i think this
is generally agreed so far as it goes.

2. The flow identifier is the low level identifier that is used to
acutally route the packet at the NTLP level, its structure could contain
IP 5-tuple, IPv6 flow label, or related IP fields. 
[reh] this is also my view. the precise definition is 'it has to contain
whatever fields that are used by routers to route packets'. discussion
post-Vienna on the mailing list implies to me that this is also generally
agreed.

3. The association of the two (layer split functionality, etc.) is still
open.
[reh] basically, yes. My current proposal is that the framework will
explain the implications of the open-ness of this, but that the details
will be worked out in 'later activities', i.e. individual mobility
analysis work. The only thing I will assert is that the association
machinery is in the NSLP rather than the NTLP - but we still don't
really know what that machinery is.

I think the framework draft already contains very good descriptions of
the two IDs, but it would be helpful to document explicitly what are
still open issues, either in that draft or somewhere else. 
[reh] i hope this reply goes some way in that direction.

Thanks and regards,

Charles

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	Wed, 30 Jul 2003 14:22:39 -0400 (EDT)
From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: <john.loughney@nokia.com>, <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
Cc: <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>, <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>, <nsis@ietf.org>,
        <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>
Subject: RE: reliability or not reliablility was: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 14:22:34 -0400
Organization: Columbia University
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: john.loughney@nokia.com [mailto:john.loughney@nokia.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 25, 2003 10:06 AM
> 
> Rather than cycling on this, NSLP protocols probably should
> state what they need / expect and NTLP should provide this 
> functionality, in terms of reliability. 
> 

It is probably a good idea to include such a discussion in Robert's
upcoming draft about reliability analysis.

Regards,

Charles


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From: "Charles Q. Shen" <charles@ee.columbia.edu>
To: "'Hancock, Robert'" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>,
        "''Xiaoming Fu' '" <fu@cs.uni-goettingen.de>
Cc: "''Paulo Mendes' '" <mendes@docomolab-euro.com>, <nsis@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 15:52:28 -0400
Organization: Columbia University
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Hi Robert, comments in the bottom marked [CS]

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Hancock, Robert [mailto:robert.hancock@roke.co.uk] 
> Sent: Wednesday, July 30, 2003 2:45 PM
> To: 'Charles Q. Shen '; Hancock, Robert; ''Xiaoming Fu' '
> Cc: ''Paulo Mendes' '; 'nsis@ietf.org '
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> 
> 
> hi charles,
> 
> see below, marked [reh]
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Charles Q. Shen
> To: Hancock, Robert; 'Xiaoming Fu'
> Cc: 'Paulo Mendes'; nsis@ietf.org
> Sent: 30/07/2003 19:22
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> 
> Hi Robert, a few comments.
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: nsis-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nsis-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of 
> > Hancock, Robert
> > Sent: Monday, July 28, 2003 11:27 AM
> > To: 'Xiaoming Fu'
> > Cc: 'Charles Q. Shen'; 'Paulo Mendes'; nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [NSIS] mobility-related requirements from nsis-req-08
> > 
> > 
> > hi xiaoming,
> > 
> > more clarifications (I hope):
> > 
> > > I followed up your previous mail regarding universe flow 
> id because
> > > this is also (for both you and I) meant how to route the NSIS 
> > > messages. Actually, in a previous version of fw draft it stated 
> > > either way of using flow-id:
> > >      *) Use a flow identification based on low level IP 
> > > addresses (e.g.
> > >     the Care of Address) and other 'standard' fields in the 
> > IP header.
> > >     This makes least demands on the packet classification engines 
> > > within
> > >     the network. However, it means that even on a part of the
> > > flow path
> > >     which is unchanged, the reservation will need to be 
> modified to
> > >     reflect the changed flow identification (see section 5.3.3).
> > > 
> > >      *) Use a flow identification that does not change
> > (e.g. based on
> > >     Home Address); this is the approach assumed in [23]. This
> > > simplifies
> > >     the problem of reservation update, at the likely cost of
> > > considerably
> > >     complicating the flow identification requirements.
> > 
> > [reh] and what we are assuming is the first approach and not the 
> > second.
> > 
> 
> Since the second approach seems to be referring to our 
> RSVP-MIP draft, I would like to make a slight clarification. 
> The key point in that draft is the necessity to keep a unique 
> Identifier (which I called Flow Identifer back then) during 
> mobility, so that handoff signaling overhead may be 
> minimized. Using Home Address is one possibily to achieve 
> that. But the draft also mentioned other possibilities, such 
> as using IPv6 flow label. 
> 
> [reh] your draft is certainly the one referred to, i have 
> seen the same idea since in other places. the key distinction 
> is whether the stable identifier is only in the control plane, and 
> you accept an update (probably end to end as well) in the 
> data plane; or whether you attempt to put a stable identifier 
> in the data plane 
> itself. You could try to use the HA (or something else) in either 
> place as part of the stable identifier, but the main point of the 
> above distinction is to claim that the second is impossible 
> for fairly fundamental reasons.
> 

[CS] First, I completely agree with your view here. In fact I also
discussed briefly the control/data plane identifer distinction issue in
my later NSIS-mobility draft. 

Second (less important): the need for a unique identifier is still the
starting point of the "Home address" approach, not the other way around.
It was after that practice that the importance of separate views on
control/data plane identifers became very clear to me.

The rest all agreed and snipped :)

Thanks and regards,

Charles


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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: "'Tschofenig Hannes'" <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>,
        "'Thanh Tra LUU'"
	 <luu@enst.fr>,
        Kappler Cornelia <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
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Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
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hi all,

On this security front, there seems to be a choice between
a) Find out (insecurely) who your downstream peer is, then send
them a (secured) signalling message directly.
b) Send a (secured) signalling message which only the right
downstream peer can receive correctly, and get an error message
if it ended up at the wrong place.

Are there fundamental differences in what security can be 
achieved between these two methods? They seem to me to provide
equal opportunities for securing the signalling data (and for
getting this wrong), and equal opportunities for preventing
DoS attacks (and getting this wrong). The threats are the same,
they just apply at different stages in the message flow. 
Or, is there something subtle I am missing? 

(The main difference is in when in the message sequence the 
reaction to a route change takes place, but I don't see this as
a security issue. Indeed, some people think it is a non-issue.)

cheers,

r.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, July 29, 2003 10:24
> To: 'Thanh Tra LUU'; Kappler Cornelia
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
> 
> 
> hi, 
> 
> ~snip~
> > 
> > > - Whether a NE know its next hop peer.
> > > In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. The next NE
> > peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and subsequently addressed
> > implicitly.
> > > In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of the next NE
> > peer's address.
> > > To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is
> > necessary for channel security which we require to at least be
> > possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like 
> a necessary
> > feature.
> > >
> > > And that's it...!?
> > 
> > It is possible that a NE does not know the next node to send a
> > message. By examining the RSVP-HOP (previous hop) object 
> and INTEGRITY
> > object, a NE can know which NE has sent this message and 
> which key is
> > used (following the security association between them). 
> Maybe I don't
> > understand clearly what you mean " next NE peer is necessary for
> > channel security ".
> 
> 
> the problem occurs with rsvp path-alike messages. you send a 
> message and do
> not really know which node is actually going to intercept it.
> 
> if you know it by some means - e.g. routing table (which is already a
> discovery mechanism - assuming you additionally know that the 
> next node will
> be nsis aware) then you can select the proper security 
> association (and
> key). still something can go wrong and the message ends up at 
> the wrong node
> which will drop the incorrectly protected signaling message 
> and you will not
> receive an error message.
> 
> 
> i guess everyone will tell you that securing discovery 
> messages is hard. 
> 
> ~snip~
> 
> 
> ciao
> hannes
> 
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> 

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 06:24:26 2003
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Subject: Re: [NSIS] LIH  (was: ntlp drafts differences)
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 12:21:10 +0200
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hi Cornelia,

When I wrote that a NE can send a downstream signaling message without
knowing its next NE, I thought about a security association (SA) in domaine.
That means every NE has a SA, which is known in a domaine. So it does not
need to know its next NE. Sorry, I got a mistake.

LIH, in fact, I think we can use SESSION_ID (of NSIS) for LIH. So LIH is not
necessary anymore. Of course, SESSION_ID can be used for a multicast
signaling application session. But SESSION_ID structure is still an open
issue and multicast is out of scope of NSIS.

Nary Tra,
ENST, Paris.






----- Original Message -----
From: Kappler Cornelia <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
To: 'Thanh Tra LUU' <luu@enst.fr>
Cc: <nsis@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, July 29, 2003 11:30 PM
Subject: [NSIS] LIH (was: ntlp drafts differences)


> Hi Nary, see inline
>
> > > - Whether a NE know its next hop peer.
> > > In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. The next NE
> > peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and subsequently addressed
> > implicitly.
> > > In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of the next NE
> > peer's address.
> > > To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is
> > necessary for channel security which we require to at least be
> > possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like a necessary
> > feature.
> > >
> > > And that's it...!?
> >
> > It is possible that a NE does not know the next node to send a
> > message. By examining the RSVP-HOP (previous hop) object and INTEGRITY
> > object, a NE can know which NE has sent this message and which key is
> > used (following the security association between them). Maybe I don't
> > understand clearly what you mean " next NE peer is necessary for
> > channel security ".
>
> As Hannes already pointed out, in order to establish a security
association / utilize the correct one you need to know the next NE peer.
>
> >
> > > - do we need a Logical Interface Handle?
> >
> > LIH is used for multicast session. According to me, it is not used if
> > we don't mind multicast signaling applications.
>
> I think we should be careful to understand what LIH is really necessary
for. It is true (according to my understanding from reading 2205) that LIH
is necessary to correctly route multicast RESV messages through tunnels over
non-multicast aware routers. But is this the only usage?
>
> For example there is a - for me somewhat cryptic - paragraph in 2205
saying "The LIH may also be useful when RSVP reservations are made over a
complex link layer, to map between IP layer and link layer flow entities."
>
> In fact, more generally, 2205 says the LIH is used to identify the
(logical) interface on which the PATH message was sent out and on which the
reservation is to be established. The RESERVE may arrive at a different
interface, e.g. after traversing a non-RSVP cloud, or because of a tunneling
situation, and the router must be enabled to asign the RESERVE to previously
established PATH state.
>
> Do we need the this feature? Remember, although we may not have PATH/RESV,
we do need reverse routing state for some nslps. Below an attempt at a more
detailed analysis (it would be nice if an RSVP expert could shed more light
on this) - excuse the length:
>
> Why would the router have difficulties assigning the RESERVE to PATH state
on a different (logical) interface?
>
> Is it because processing is done per interface, and these processes dont
talk to each other? Not in our situation, since we have the concept of an NE
per node, and not NE per interface.
>
> Or is it because the session identifier in the RESV is not sufficient to
uniquely identify the corresponding PATH state? I think such a situation can
happen, but only in the special case of tunnels through a non-multicast
node - not for other tunnels or general non-RSVP clouds:
>
> Assume a mc session originates in a host attached to router A. The next
hop router B is non-mc. However the mc session branches in B towards routers
C and D. In such a situation A would establish one tunnel each towards C and
D. These tunnels would all leave A towards B via the same interface. The
original PATH message is replicated, such that there is one traveling in
each tunnel, popping out at C and D respectively. (Note we dont care about
the reservation for the tunnels. This is only covered in 2746. We are just
interested in correctly routing the RSVP messages) When C and D send back
the RESVs, which they address directly to A, A needs some means to attach
the RESVs to the correct tunnels. Obviously the session ID is identical.
Here the LIH, which is different for each tunnel, comes to rescue.
>
> So, as we dont cover mc for now, we dont need to cover this situation
either. Therefore, I come to the same conclusion after all ;-) we dont need
the LIH. It might very well be though that I missed something.
>
> Cornelia
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> nsis mailing list
> nsis@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
>


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 07:20:29 2003
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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'Hancock, Robert'" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>,
        "'Thanh Tra LUU'"
	 <luu@enst.fr>,
        Kappler Cornelia <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 13:18:57 +0200
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hi robert, 

thanks for pointing to this issue. 

i think that it is important to differentiate between 

a) how rsvp handles it today and 
b) would are possible ways todo it. 

ad a)
as described in the rsvp security properties draft, an rsvp message gets
DROPPED when cryptographic verification fails. hence there is no error
message which would allow the previous node to discover the next hop. 

ad b) 
it is certainly true that you can modify the path message to achieve the
desired behavior. 

with regard to standard security mechanisms it is clear that ipsec cannot be
used to protect this message. but even there you can reuse existing security
mechanisms (to some extend) to support exising authentication and key
exchange mechanisms (as described in draft-tschofenig-rsvp-doi-00.txt).

there are other implications with regard to addressing which are not
immediately relevant for security (hence i do not describe them). 

ciao
hannes

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Hancock, Robert [mailto:robert.hancock@roke.co.uk]
> Sent: Thursday, July 31, 2003 11:38 AM
> To: Tschofenig Hannes; 'Thanh Tra LUU'; Kappler Cornelia
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
> 
> 
> hi all,
> 
> On this security front, there seems to be a choice between
> a) Find out (insecurely) who your downstream peer is, then send
> them a (secured) signalling message directly.
> b) Send a (secured) signalling message which only the right
> downstream peer can receive correctly, and get an error message
> if it ended up at the wrong place.
> 
> Are there fundamental differences in what security can be 
> achieved between these two methods?
> They seem to me to provide
> equal opportunities for securing the signalling data (and for
> getting this wrong), and equal opportunities for preventing
> DoS attacks (and getting this wrong). The threats are the same,
> they just apply at different stages in the message flow. 
> Or, is there something subtle I am missing?
> 
> (The main difference is in when in the message sequence the 
> reaction to a route change takes place, but I don't see this as
> a security issue. Indeed, some people think it is a non-issue.)
> 
> cheers,
> 
> r.
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com]
> > Sent: Tuesday, July 29, 2003 10:24
> > To: 'Thanh Tra LUU'; Kappler Cornelia
> > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
> > 
> > 
> > hi, 
> > 
> > ~snip~
> > > 
> > > > - Whether a NE know its next hop peer.
> > > > In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. 
> The next NE
> > > peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and 
> subsequently addressed
> > > implicitly.
> > > > In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of 
> the next NE
> > > peer's address.
> > > > To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is
> > > necessary for channel security which we require to at least be
> > > possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like 
> > a necessary
> > > feature.
> > > >
> > > > And that's it...!?
> > > 
> > > It is possible that a NE does not know the next node to send a
> > > message. By examining the RSVP-HOP (previous hop) object 
> > and INTEGRITY
> > > object, a NE can know which NE has sent this message and 
> > which key is
> > > used (following the security association between them). 
> > Maybe I don't
> > > understand clearly what you mean " next NE peer is necessary for
> > > channel security ".
> > 
> > 
> > the problem occurs with rsvp path-alike messages. you send a 
> > message and do
> > not really know which node is actually going to intercept it.
> > 
> > if you know it by some means - e.g. routing table (which is 
> already a
> > discovery mechanism - assuming you additionally know that the 
> > next node will
> > be nsis aware) then you can select the proper security 
> > association (and
> > key). still something can go wrong and the message ends up at 
> > the wrong node
> > which will drop the incorrectly protected signaling message 
> > and you will not
> > receive an error message.
> > 
> > 
> > i guess everyone will tell you that securing discovery 
> > messages is hard. 
> > 
> > ~snip~
> > 
> > 
> > ciao
> > hannes
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > nsis mailing list
> > nsis@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> > 
> 
> --
> Registered Office: Roke Manor Research Ltd, Siemens House, 
> Oldbury, Bracknell,
> Berkshire. RG12 8FZ
> 
> The information contained in this e-mail and any attachments 
> is confidential to
> Roke Manor Research Ltd and must not be passed to any third 
> party without
> permission. This communication is for information only and 
> shall not create or
> change any contractual relationship.
> 

_______________________________________________
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 07:44:31 2003
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From: "Geib, Ruediger" <Ruediger.Geib@t-systems.com>
To: robert.hancock@roke.co.uk
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 13:43:07 +0200
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Robert

|a) Find out (insecurely) who your downstream peer is, then send
|them a (secured) signalling message directly.
|
|b) Send a (secured) signalling message which only the right
|downstream peer can receive correctly, and get an error message
|if it ended up at the wrong place.

Without being a security expert:
b) would base discovery on prior topology awareness or=20
error messages? If error messages would require changes on=20
existing security protocols while they could remain unchanged=20
to support a), the latter is my preferred choice.

Regards, R=FCdiger


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 08:17:29 2003
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From: "Hancock, Robert" <robert.hancock@roke.co.uk>
To: "'Tschofenig Hannes'" <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>,
        "'Thanh Tra LUU'"
	 <luu@enst.fr>,
        Kappler Cornelia <cornelia.kappler@siemens.com>
Cc: nsis@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 13:15:36 +0100
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hi hannes,

it would certainly be interesting to know why RSVP 2747 is specified
that way. (A naive assumption would be that a receiver could generate
a PathErr with the appropriate error code. I don't see how doing that
would open up new security issues compared to those that already exist,
but I haven't thought about it very hard.)

r.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com]
> Sent: Thursday, July 31, 2003 12:19
> To: Hancock, Robert; 'Thanh Tra LUU'; Kappler Cornelia
> Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
> 
> 
> hi robert, 
> 
> thanks for pointing to this issue. 
> 
> i think that it is important to differentiate between 
> 
> a) how rsvp handles it today and 
> b) would are possible ways todo it. 
> 
> ad a)
> as described in the rsvp security properties draft, an rsvp 
> message gets
> DROPPED when cryptographic verification fails. hence there is no error
> message which would allow the previous node to discover the next hop. 
> 
> ad b) 
> it is certainly true that you can modify the path message to 
> achieve the
> desired behavior. 
> 
> with regard to standard security mechanisms it is clear that 
> ipsec cannot be
> used to protect this message. but even there you can reuse 
> existing security
> mechanisms (to some extend) to support exising authentication and key
> exchange mechanisms (as described in 
> draft-tschofenig-rsvp-doi-00.txt).
> 
> there are other implications with regard to addressing which are not
> immediately relevant for security (hence i do not describe them). 
> 
> ciao
> hannes
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Hancock, Robert [mailto:robert.hancock@roke.co.uk]
> > Sent: Thursday, July 31, 2003 11:38 AM
> > To: Tschofenig Hannes; 'Thanh Tra LUU'; Kappler Cornelia
> > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
> > 
> > 
> > hi all,
> > 
> > On this security front, there seems to be a choice between
> > a) Find out (insecurely) who your downstream peer is, then send
> > them a (secured) signalling message directly.
> > b) Send a (secured) signalling message which only the right
> > downstream peer can receive correctly, and get an error message
> > if it ended up at the wrong place.
> > 
> > Are there fundamental differences in what security can be 
> > achieved between these two methods?
> > They seem to me to provide
> > equal opportunities for securing the signalling data (and for
> > getting this wrong), and equal opportunities for preventing
> > DoS attacks (and getting this wrong). The threats are the same,
> > they just apply at different stages in the message flow. 
> > Or, is there something subtle I am missing?
> > 
> > (The main difference is in when in the message sequence the 
> > reaction to a route change takes place, but I don't see this as
> > a security issue. Indeed, some people think it is a non-issue.)
> > 
> > cheers,
> > 
> > r.
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Tschofenig Hannes [mailto:hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com]
> > > Sent: Tuesday, July 29, 2003 10:24
> > > To: 'Thanh Tra LUU'; Kappler Cornelia
> > > Cc: nsis@ietf.org
> > > Subject: RE: [NSIS] ntlp drafts differences
> > > 
> > > 
> > > hi, 
> > > 
> > > ~snip~
> > > > 
> > > > > - Whether a NE know its next hop peer.
> > > > > In Melindas NTLP, the NE just knows its previous peer. 
> > The next NE
> > > > peer is discovered by a PATH-like message and 
> > subsequently addressed
> > > > implicitly.
> > > > > In Hennings NTPL, the NE may request to be informed of 
> > the next NE
> > > > peer's address.
> > > > > To my knowledge, knowing the address of the next NE peer is
> > > > necessary for channel security which we require to at least be
> > > > possible (Requirements ID 5.7.5). So to me this looks like 
> > > a necessary
> > > > feature.
> > > > >
> > > > > And that's it...!?
> > > > 
> > > > It is possible that a NE does not know the next node to send a
> > > > message. By examining the RSVP-HOP (previous hop) object 
> > > and INTEGRITY
> > > > object, a NE can know which NE has sent this message and 
> > > which key is
> > > > used (following the security association between them). 
> > > Maybe I don't
> > > > understand clearly what you mean " next NE peer is necessary for
> > > > channel security ".
> > > 
> > > 
> > > the problem occurs with rsvp path-alike messages. you send a 
> > > message and do
> > > not really know which node is actually going to intercept it.
> > > 
> > > if you know it by some means - e.g. routing table (which is 
> > already a
> > > discovery mechanism - assuming you additionally know that the 
> > > next node will
> > > be nsis aware) then you can select the proper security 
> > > association (and
> > > key). still something can go wrong and the message ends up at 
> > > the wrong node
> > > which will drop the incorrectly protected signaling message 
> > > and you will not
> > > receive an error message.
> > > 
> > > 
> > > i guess everyone will tell you that securing discovery 
> > > messages is hard. 
> > > 
> > > ~snip~
> > > 
> > > 
> > > ciao
> > > hannes
> > > 
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > nsis mailing list
> > > nsis@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nsis
> > > 
> > 
> > --
> > Registered Office: Roke Manor Research Ltd, Siemens House, 
> > Oldbury, Bracknell,
> > Berkshire. RG12 8FZ
> > 
> > The information contained in this e-mail and any attachments 
> > is confidential to
> > Roke Manor Research Ltd and must not be passed to any third 
> > party without
> > permission. This communication is for information only and 
> > shall not create or
> > change any contractual relationship.
> > 
> 

_______________________________________________
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 11:48:38 -0400
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Bob Braden wrote:

> Then I don't see how NSIS can work with such a kernel.  See my earlier
> message: NSIS has to be able to ask routing what decisision it will
> make.
> 
> When you say "the kernel", you have to define which kernel you mean.
> Cisco IOS?  Some particular flavor of Unix (different ones do it
> differently).
> 
> This seems to have degenerated into a silly discussion, or else I don't
> get it.

I do agree that we're probably agreeing and talking past each other at 
the same time. Clearly, if you want to set up resources, you better know 
which interface the traffic is leaving the box on. This does not 
necessarily mean that NTLP has to know this, as long as the PATH-like 
message reaches the same next hop.

Thus, one model is that a QOS NSLP figures out (asking the routing 
table, for example) which interface is handling the packets, but NTLP 
doesn't have to.

Since not all applications will need to set interface state, not all 
applications will need to know this information, so it seems best 
handled by those who need to know.

I'm not aware of any Unix OS that propagates outgoing interface 
information to the socket; I'd definitely be curious as to whether this 
is supported somewhere. (Incoming interface information is available on 
Linux, via getsockopt IP_PKTINFO.)





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