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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Aug  2 10:46:36 2003
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Date: Sat, 2 Aug 2003 15:45:24 +0100 (BST)
From: Michael Rogers <ucabmjr@ucl.ac.uk>
To: p2prg <p2prg@ietf.org>
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Subject: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
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Since nobody else seems keen to attempt a definition of peer-to-peer, I'll
have a stab. I think Clay Shirkey was right when he said that
peer-to-peer networks are characterised by existing at the edges of the
internet. Here's my attempt at expanding on that thought:

Peer-to-peer networks are defined by the following characteristics:

	Each node typically has a different owner.

	Participation is voluntary. Therefore p2p networks typically
	depend on commodity hardware, software and connectivity.

	Nodes are unreliable (compared to, say, corporate web servers).

	Nodes may behave selfishly or maliciously.

This definition is still too broad - would anyone like to help narrow it
down?


Michael


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Aug  4 00:42:33 2003
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Subject: [P2Prg] MMAPPS Day
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Some of my colleagues here at BT Exact www.btexact.com are involved in a
project called MMAPPS (Market Management of Peer-to-Peer Services) which
I expect to be of interest to p2p-hackers, p2prg and decentralization
subscribers. (Apologies for crosspost if you don't agree).

For general project information see:
www.mmapps.org
For further information on the MMAPPS Project Day see:
www.mmapps.org/events

A summary of the project is shown inline below for reference. Please
feel free to contact me for further information and I will pass on your
enquiry to the relevant member of the team.

Cefn
http://www.cefn.com

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

MMAPPS (Market Management of Peer-to-Peer Services) is creating generic
middleware to support a new class of P2P applications that give peers
appropriate incentives to co-operate for the good of the whole peer
community. These applications will encourage peers to contribute and
will then efficiently allocate that contribution amongst the members of
the community.

The middleware is generic and supports the definition of a wide variety
of incentive schemes which may be based on rewarding good behaviour, or
on punishing bad. The schemes can involve payments for contribution but
can also be based on rules that enforce a minimum contribution through
community sanctions.

A key aspect is how peers contribution is accounted for; the middleware
provides support for a very wide variety of specific accounting and
management schemes, since we have come to the firm conclusion that
different P2P applications can require very different trade-offs in
terms of the necessary security/scalability/anonymity/robustness of such
schemes.

The MMAPPS middleware framework has the potential to underlie a very
wide range of future P2P applications, and allows easy re-use of many
different independently-developed accounting schemes (including
traditional micropayment schemes, reputation-based schemes, and many
more novel, lighter-weight 'record-based' schemes).

The project is now approaching its mid-point (and is in its engineering
phase) and so has plenty of results to report.

If you would like to be kept informed of the project's progress we
recommend you do so either via the MMAPPS Newsletter (issued quarterly)
or more directly through participation in the FREE 1-day MMAPPS Project
Day we will be holding (as part of NGC/ICQT'03). 

To receive further information on either the Newsletter or Project Day,
please send a mail to cefn.hoile@bt.com, or register yourself directly
at the MMAPPS web-site www.mmapps.org.

MMAPPS Project partners are:	AUEB, BT, ETHZ, Mysterian, TA, TUD and
ULANC.

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Disclaimer: This post represents the views of the author and does not
necessarily accurately represent the views of BT.

_______________________________________________
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P2prg@ietf.org
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Aug  4 01:31:23 2003
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Subject: [P2Prg] ADV: We Buy Used Cell Phones
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<HTML>
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Since the "big burst" of activity a month ago nothing has happened. Will 
the chair (chairs) tell me what is happening?

Chuck Wegrzyn




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Subject: FW: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
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Fyi, about definition of P2P

 -Raymond Gao
-----Original Message-----
From: Raymond Gao [mailto:raygao@comcast.net]
Sent: Saturday, August 02, 2003 10:20 AM
To: Michael Rogers
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
Importance: High


Hi,

I also have some ideas about what is considered as P2P computing. See
following.

Peer-to-Peer computing defines a model that is based on reciprocal and
ad-hoc relationships. In a P2P network, contents could originate from edge
peers and are to be repopulated throughout the network based on informal
associations and dynamic connections between peers, super-peers, and
session-leaders, etc.

Relationships between peers are created on the fly and on mutual needs. The
relationship tends to be short-term or transient in nature. Identity and
trust could be leading considerations for enterprise strength P2P.

The clients for P2P interaction could be devices ranging from a PC, to a
Unix workstation, to a file server, to a mainframe, to a handheld device,
i.e. personal digital assistant (PDA), a cell phone, a wristwatch, or even a
MP3 player, etc. Equality and reciprocal statue are more considered
fundamental aspects under the P2P model.

The general distributed computing definition further says that those
endpoints should be hosted on individual environments, separate operating
systems (OS) and process threads.

I hope my above definition for P2P computing is of some use and can be
incorporated into the broad understanding.

Best wishes,

-Ray Gao

> -----Original Message-----
> From: p2prg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:p2prg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
> Michael Rogers
> Sent: Saturday, August 02, 2003 9:45 AM
> To: p2prg
> Subject: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
>
>
> Since nobody else seems keen to attempt a definition of peer-to-peer, I'll
> have a stab. I think Clay Shirkey was right when he said that
> peer-to-peer networks are characterised by existing at the edges of the
> internet. Here's my attempt at expanding on that thought:
>
> Peer-to-peer networks are defined by the following characteristics:
>
>       Each node typically has a different owner.
>
>       Participation is voluntary. Therefore p2p networks typically
>       depend on commodity hardware, software and connectivity.
>
>       Nodes are unreliable (compared to, say, corporate web servers).
>
>       Nodes may behave selfishly or maliciously.
>
> This definition is still too broad - would anyone like to help narrow it
> down?
>
>
> Michael
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg


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<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D816433513-04082003>Fyi,=20
about definition of P2P</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D816433513-04082003></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D816433513-04082003>&nbsp;-Raymond Gao</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><FONT =
face=3DTahoma=20
size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Raymond Gao=20
[mailto:raygao@comcast.net]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, August 02, 2003 =
10:20=20
AM<BR><B>To:</B> Michael Rogers<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [P2Prg] =
Definition of=20
p2p<BR><B>Importance:</B> High<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
<P dir=3Dltr style=3D"MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT size=3D2>Hi,<BR><BR>I =
also have some=20
ideas about what is considered as P2P computing. See =
following.<BR><BR><FONT=20
color=3D#0000ff>Peer-to-Peer computing defines a model that is based on =
reciprocal=20
and ad-hoc relationships. In a P2P network, contents could originate =
from edge=20
peers and are to be repopulated throughout the network based on informal =

associations and dynamic connections between peers, super-peers, and=20
session-leaders, etc.<BR><BR>Relationships between peers are created on =
the fly=20
and on mutual needs. The relationship tends to be short-term or =
transient in=20
nature. Identity and trust could be leading considerations for =
enterprise=20
strength P2P.<BR><BR>The clients for P2P interaction could be devices =
ranging=20
from a PC, to a Unix workstation, to a file server, to a mainframe, to a =

handheld device, i.e. personal digital assistant (PDA), a cell phone, a=20
wristwatch, or even a MP3 player, etc. Equality and reciprocal statue =
are more=20
considered fundamental aspects under the P2P model.<BR><BR>The general=20
distributed computing definition further says that those endpoints =
should be=20
hosted on individual environments, separate operating systems (OS) and =
process=20
threads.<BR></FONT><BR>I hope my above definition for P2P computing is =
of some=20
use and can be incorporated into the broad understanding.<BR><BR>Best=20
wishes,<BR><BR>-Ray Gao<BR><BR>&gt; -----Original Message-----<BR>&gt; =
From:=20
p2prg-admin@ietf.org [<A=20
href=3D"mailto:p2prg-admin@ietf.org">mailto:p2prg-admin@ietf.org</A>]On =
Behalf=20
Of<BR>&gt; Michael Rogers<BR>&gt; Sent: Saturday, August 02, 2003 9:45=20
AM<BR>&gt; To: p2prg<BR>&gt; Subject: [P2Prg] Definition of=20
p2p<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Since nobody else seems keen to attempt a =
definition=20
of peer-to-peer, I'll<BR>&gt; have a stab. I think Clay Shirkey was =
right when=20
he said that<BR>&gt; peer-to-peer networks are characterised by existing =
at the=20
edges of the<BR>&gt; internet. Here's my attempt at expanding on that=20
thought:<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Peer-to-peer networks are defined by the =
following=20
characteristics:<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Each =
node=20
typically has a different owner.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
Participation is voluntary. Therefore p2p networks typically<BR>&gt;=20
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; depend on commodity hardware, software =
and=20
connectivity.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Nodes are=20
unreliable (compared to, say, corporate web servers).<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Nodes may behave selfishly or=20
maliciously.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; This definition is still too broad - would =
anyone=20
like to help narrow it<BR>&gt; down?<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
Michael<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
_______________________________________________<BR>&gt; P2prg mailing=20
list<BR>&gt; P2prg@ietf.org<BR>&gt; <A=20
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg"=20
target=3D_blank>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg</A></FONT>=20
</P></BODY></HTML>

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Date: Mon, 04 Aug 2003 16:14:28 +0200
From: Valentin Mesaros <valentin@info.ucl.ac.be>
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Hi there,

My name is Valentin Mesaros and I work within an international project
called (PEPITO -- PEer-to-Peer: Implementation and TheOry --
http://www.sics.se/pepito). 
We've been working for one year and a half now on different facets of
P2P computing such as: formal models, distributed algorithms and
services, and applications.

We came up with a possible definition of a P2P system that I thought you
might be intrested to know about. Here it is:

A Peer-To-Peer system is a distributed system based on resource sharing
by direct exchange
between nodes and which has at least the following properties:
- Decentralization: no single centralized coordination nor
administration;
- Scalability: the system size can grow arbitrarily while keeping the
system performance acceptable;
- Adaptation: the system adapts to frequent changes in content and load;
- Self-organization: despite frequent arrival and voluntary departure of
nodes, (nearly) optimal configurations emerge without manual
intervention; 
- Fault-tolerance: the impact of node/communication failures on the
overall system is minimized;
- Equal functionality: each node can play the role of client, server,
router and cache;
- Mobility: nodes do not have fixed IP addresses.

Valentin

Michael Rogers wrote:
> 
> Since nobody else seems keen to attempt a definition of peer-to-peer, I'll
> have a stab. I think Clay Shirkey was right when he said that
> peer-to-peer networks are characterised by existing at the edges of the
> internet. Here's my attempt at expanding on that thought:
> 
> Peer-to-peer networks are defined by the following characteristics:
> 
>         Each node typically has a different owner.
> 
>         Participation is voluntary. Therefore p2p networks typically
>         depend on commodity hardware, software and connectivity.
> 
>         Nodes are unreliable (compared to, say, corporate web servers).
> 
>         Nodes may behave selfishly or maliciously.
> 
> This definition is still too broad - would anyone like to help narrow it
> down?
> 
> Michael
> 
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg

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Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
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On Mon, 04 Aug 2003 16:14:28 +0200, Valentin Mesaros wrote:
> We came up with a possible definition of a P2P system that I thought
> you
> might be intrested to know about. Here it is:
> 
> A Peer-To-Peer system is a distributed system based on resource
sharing
> by direct exchange
> between nodes and which has at least the following properties:
> - Decentralization: no single centralized coordination nor
> administration;
> - Scalability: the system size can grow arbitrarily while keeping the
> system performance acceptable;
> - Adaptation: the system adapts to frequent changes in content and
> load;
> - Self-organization: despite frequent arrival and voluntary departure
> of
> nodes, (nearly) optimal configurations emerge without manual
> intervention; 
> - Fault-tolerance: the impact of node/communication failures on the
> overall system is minimized;
> - Equal functionality: each node can play the role of client, server,
> router and cache;
> - Mobility: nodes do not have fixed IP addresses.

While each of these properties are often desirable in p2p systems for
a variety of reasons, by making them mandatory for the p2p label, 
you're excluding pretty much every real, working system that most
people refer to as p2p without hesitation (e.g. Napster/Seti@HOME
which are centrally coordinated, and Gnutella which has scalability
limitations).

Perhaps the right level of abstraction for a def. of p2p would be
end-user level, not the algorithmic/implementation level.  One of the
things I've found really striking & unique about p2p systems is the
empowerment they endow on their participants. This empowerment has a
variety of forms, e.g. being able to flout antiquated restrictions on
how we listen to music, being able to contribute compute resources to
interesting causes, attaining true anonymity, etc.  Basically being
able to manage one's own data/personal communications/compute
resources on much better terms than what was available in the past.  

Too fluffy, I know, but it beats falling into the peerier-than-thou
trap. 

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Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
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MY Definition of P2P:
 Distributed systems that don't fit in Client-Server architecture.

Personally I think the word peer-to-peer is too broad to define
technically. Maybe we can count ten or more technical characteristics
that usually considered P2P, and any one or some set of them make the
systems beyond traditional C/S arch.

e.g. 
 SETI@Home does client-server like communication, but the processing
has done in CLIENT side, not the server. Thus, it goes beyond
traditional client(thin-light-poor) and server(big-fat-rich)
architecture.

Yusuke

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Date: Mon, 04 Aug 2003 19:54:31 -0700
From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Status of this group?
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Hi Chuck,

This is Summer and lots of us are taking vacations. Not unusual for 
this time of year (-: I'm just back myself, and will have one more for 
the first 15 days of Sept. Then back to work. Those of you who are 
interested might go to the IEEE P2P conference Sept. 1-3. I'll be there 
and will give a keynote on P2P Security and Jxta:

http://www.ida.liu.se/conferences/p2p/p2p2003/

I see the major activity beginning in late September. I am working on a 
first meeting for the end of that month but can't promise anything 
until I work out the details.

Don't fret, we are gearing up so to speak ... Bobby and I will have a 
message to the group in the next two weeks to elaborate our plans.

Bill

On Monday, August 4, 2003, at 04:16 AM, C Wegrzyn wrote:

> Since the "big burst" of activity a month ago nothing has happened. 
> Will the chair (chairs) tell me what is happening?
>
> Chuck Wegrzyn


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Date: Mon, 04 Aug 2003 20:08:37 -0700
From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
In-reply-to: <y383cggorc7.wl@cactus.isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp>
To: ydoi@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp
Cc: p2prg <p2prg@ietf.org>
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Please look at the P2P charter. This is the definition we are going to 
use as a basis for our work.

Thanks,

Bill

On Monday, August 4, 2003, at 05:55 PM, ydoi@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp 
wrote:

> MY Definition of P2P:
>  Distributed systems that don't fit in Client-Server architecture.
>


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Hi,

my name is Thorsten Strufe and I'm highly interested in P2P stuff.

I've been working as a research assistant and lecturer at the Dept.
Telematik (Computernetworks and Distributed Systems) of the Technische
Universit=E4t Ilmenau, Germany, for the last two years.
I'm giving lectures on computer networks, protocol engineering and
distributed applications and I am researching resource sharing in
(mainly decentralized) distributed systems (cluster/grid computing, p2p
etc.)

I've been reading this mailing list for a while and may actually start
taking part in it! ;-)

Regards,

Thorsten Strufe

- --
Dipl.-Inf. Thorsten Strufe         +49(0)3677-694553, CC 442
Fachgebiet Telematik               Institut Praktische Informatik=09
Technische Universit=E4t Ilmenau     http://www-ia.tu-ilmenau.de/IPI/FGT
Sartre:Begehe keine Dummheit zweimal, die Auswahl ist doch gro=DF genug!
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To: "Thorsten Strufe" <thorsten.strufe@tu-ilmenau.de>, <p2prg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] Hi
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Also, check out P2P Journal (http://p2pjournal.com) and there is a call 4
paper going on.
-Ray

> -----Original Message-----
> From: p2prg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:p2prg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
> Thorsten Strufe
> Sent: Friday, August 08, 2003 7:11 AM
> To: p2prg@ietf.org
> Subject: [P2Prg] Hi
>
>
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> Hi,
>
> my name is Thorsten Strufe and I'm highly interested in P2P stuff.
>
> I've been working as a research assistant and lecturer at the Dept.
> Telematik (Computernetworks and Distributed Systems) of the Technische
> Universit=E4t Ilmenau, Germany, for the last two years.
> I'm giving lectures on computer networks, protocol engineering and
> distributed applications and I am researching resource sharing in
> (mainly decentralized) distributed systems (cluster/grid computing, p2p
> etc.)
>
> I've been reading this mailing list for a while and may actually start
> taking part in it! ;-)
>
> Regards,
>
> Thorsten Strufe
>
> - --
> Dipl.-Inf. Thorsten Strufe         +49(0)3677-694553, CC 442
> Fachgebiet Telematik               Institut Praktische Informatik
> Technische Universit=E4t Ilmenau     http://www-ia.tu-ilmenau.de/IPI/FG=
T
> Sartre:Begehe keine Dummheit zweimal, die Auswahl ist doch gro=DF genug=
!
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>
> _______________________________________________
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> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg


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Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2003 12:14:25 -0700
From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
In-reply-to: 
 <20030804164130.18526.h011.c001.wm@mail.web2peer.com.criticalpath.net>
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Hi Bert,

Your points are well taken. We cannot be religious, and P2P may be 
totally ad-hoc, or very centralized, or somewhere in between. I've 
worked with David Anderson of SETI and his team, and know David pretty 
well.

SETI is looking for a less centralized way to redistribute calculations 
that may terminate on one node, and can then be continued on another. 
We've discussed this thoroughly, and he likes P2P. They are super busy, 
and, well, it is not on their current agenda. I plan on pointing David 
to our research group when we get rolling in Sept.

Also, it is clear that Valentin's thoughts are good ones. Just need 
tweaking. To be honest I like this definition:

Charter

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is a way of structuring distributed applications 
such that the individual nodes have symmetric roles. Rather than being 
divided into clients and servers each with quite distinct roles (such 
as Web clients vs. Web servers), in P2P applications a node may act as 
both a client and a server. P2P systems are in general deployable in an 
ad-hoc fashion, without requiring centralized management or control. 
They can be highly autonomous, and can lend themselves to anonymity.

Etc ...
---
Here, we tried very hard to be neutral.

More on this soon,

` Bill


On Monday, August 4, 2003, at 04:41 PM, Bert wrote:

> On Mon, 04 Aug 2003 16:14:28 +0200, Valentin Mesaros wrote:
>> We came up with a possible definition of a P2P system that I thought
>> you
>> might be intrested to know about. Here it is:
>>
>> A Peer-To-Peer system is a distributed system based on resource
> sharing
>> by direct exchange
>> between nodes and which has at least the following properties:
>> - Decentralization: no single centralized coordination nor
>> administration;
>> - Scalability: the system size can grow arbitrarily while keeping the
>> system performance acceptable;
>> - Adaptation: the system adapts to frequent changes in content and
>> load;
>> - Self-organization: despite frequent arrival and voluntary departure
>> of
>> nodes, (nearly) optimal configurations emerge without manual
>> intervention;
>> - Fault-tolerance: the impact of node/communication failures on the
>> overall system is minimized;
>> - Equal functionality: each node can play the role of client, server,
>> router and cache;
>> - Mobility: nodes do not have fixed IP addresses.
>
> While each of these properties are often desirable in p2p systems for
> a variety of reasons, by making them mandatory for the p2p label,
> you're excluding pretty much every real, working system that most
> people refer to as p2p without hesitation (e.g. Napster/Seti@HOME
> which are centrally coordinated, and Gnutella which has scalability
> limitations).
>
> Perhaps the right level of abstraction for a def. of p2p would be
> end-user level, not the algorithmic/implementation level.  One of the
> things I've found really striking & unique about p2p systems is the
> empowerment they endow on their participants. This empowerment has a
> variety of forms, e.g. being able to flout antiquated restrictions on
> how we listen to music, being able to contribute compute resources to
> interesting causes, attaining true anonymity, etc.  Basically being
> able to manage one's own data/personal communications/compute
> resources on much better terms than what was available in the past.
>
> Too fluffy, I know, but it beats falling into the peerier-than-thou
> trap.
>
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg

--Boundary_(ID_OG3ikYz+v/PF1YGfn+kfpw)
Content-type: text/enriched; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT

Hi Bert,


Your points are well taken. We cannot be religious, and P2P may be
totally ad-hoc, or very centralized, or somewhere in between. I've
worked with David Anderson of SETI and his team, and know David pretty
well.


SETI is looking for a less centralized way to redistribute
calculations that may terminate on one node, and can then be continued
on another. We've discussed this thoroughly, and he likes P2P. They
are super busy, and, well, it is not on their current agenda. I plan
on pointing David to our research group when we get rolling in Sept.


Also, it is clear that Valentin's thoughts are good ones. Just need
tweaking. To be honest I like this definition:


<bold><fontfamily><param>Times New Roman</param><bigger><bigger><bigger>Charter</bigger></bigger></bigger></fontfamily></bold><fontfamily><param>Times New Roman</param><bigger><bigger><bigger> 


Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is a way of structuring distributed applications
such that the individual nodes have symmetric roles. Rather than being
divided into clients and servers each with quite distinct roles (such
as Web clients vs. Web servers), in P2P applications a node may act as
both a client and a server. P2P systems are in general deployable in
an ad-hoc fashion, without requiring centralized management or
control. They can be highly autonomous, and can lend themselves to
anonymity. 


Etc ...

--- 

Here, we tried very hard to be neutral.


More on this soon,


` Bill

</bigger></bigger></bigger></fontfamily>


On Monday, August 4, 2003, at 04:41 PM, Bert wrote:


<excerpt>On Mon, 04 Aug 2003 16:14:28 +0200, Valentin Mesaros wrote:

<excerpt>We came up with a possible definition of a P2P system that I
thought

you

might be intrested to know about. Here it is:


A Peer-To-Peer system is a distributed system based on resource

</excerpt>sharing

<excerpt>by direct exchange

between nodes and which has at least the following properties:

- Decentralization: no single centralized coordination nor

administration;

- Scalability: the system size can grow arbitrarily while keeping the

system performance acceptable;

- Adaptation: the system adapts to frequent changes in content and

load;

- Self-organization: despite frequent arrival and voluntary departure

of

nodes, (nearly) optimal configurations emerge without manual

intervention; 

- Fault-tolerance: the impact of node/communication failures on the

overall system is minimized;

- Equal functionality: each node can play the role of client, server,

router and cache;

- Mobility: nodes do not have fixed IP addresses.

</excerpt>

While each of these properties are often desirable in p2p systems for

a variety of reasons, by making them mandatory for the p2p label, 

you're excluding pretty much every real, working system that most

people refer to as p2p without hesitation (e.g. Napster/Seti@HOME

which are centrally coordinated, and Gnutella which has scalability

limitations).


Perhaps the right level of abstraction for a def. of p2p would be

end-user level, not the algorithmic/implementation level.  One of the

things I've found really striking & unique about p2p systems is the

empowerment they endow on their participants. This empowerment has a

variety of forms, e.g. being able to flout antiquated restrictions on

how we listen to music, being able to contribute compute resources to

interesting causes, attaining true anonymity, etc.  Basically being

able to manage one's own data/personal communications/compute

resources on much better terms than what was available in the past.  


Too fluffy, I know, but it beats falling into the peerier-than-thou

trap. 


_______________________________________________

P2prg mailing list

P2prg@ietf.org

https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg

</excerpt>

--Boundary_(ID_OG3ikYz+v/PF1YGfn+kfpw)--

_______________________________________________
P2prg mailing list
P2prg@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg



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From: "Raymond Gao" <raygao@comcast.net>
To: "Bill Yeager" <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>, "Bert" <bert@web2peer.com>
Cc: <p2prg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
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Another thing we can discuss is how P2P's service resolution & routing model
compares to the DNS (domain name server) model. -Ray
  -----Original Message-----
  From: p2prg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:p2prg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Bill
Yeager
  Sent: Sunday, August 10, 2003 2:14 PM
  To: Bert
  Cc: p2prg@ietf.org
  Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p


  Hi Bert,

  Your points are well taken. We cannot be religious, and P2P may be totally
ad-hoc, or very centralized, or somewhere in between. I've worked with David
Anderson of SETI and his team, and know David pretty well.

  SETI is looking for a less centralized way to redistribute calculations
that may terminate on one node, and can then be continued on another. We've
discussed this thoroughly, and he likes P2P. They are super busy, and, well,
it is not on their current agenda. I plan on pointing David to our research
group when we get rolling in Sept.

  Also, it is clear that Valentin's thoughts are good ones. Just need
tweaking. To be honest I like this definition:

  Charter

  Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is a way of structuring distributed applications such
that the individual nodes have symmetric roles. Rather than being divided
into clients and servers each with quite distinct roles (such as Web clients
vs. Web servers), in P2P applications a node may act as both a client and a
server. P2P systems are in general deployable in an ad-hoc fashion, without
requiring centralized management or control. They can be highly autonomous,
and can lend themselves to anonymity.

  Etc ...
  ---
  Here, we tried very hard to be neutral.

  More on this soon,

  ` Bill


  On Monday, August 4, 2003, at 04:41 PM, Bert wrote:


    On Mon, 04 Aug 2003 16:14:28 +0200, Valentin Mesaros wrote:

      We came up with a possible definition of a P2P system that I thought
      you
      might be intrested to know about. Here it is:

      A Peer-To-Peer system is a distributed system based on resource

    sharing

      by direct exchange
      between nodes and which has at least the following properties:
      - Decentralization: no single centralized coordination nor
      administration;
      - Scalability: the system size can grow arbitrarily while keeping the
      system performance acceptable;
      - Adaptation: the system adapts to frequent changes in content and
      load;
      - Self-organization: despite frequent arrival and voluntary departure
      of
      nodes, (nearly) optimal configurations emerge without manual
      intervention;
      - Fault-tolerance: the impact of node/communication failures on the
      overall system is minimized;
      - Equal functionality: each node can play the role of client, server,
      router and cache;
      - Mobility: nodes do not have fixed IP addresses.


    While each of these properties are often desirable in p2p systems for
    a variety of reasons, by making them mandatory for the p2p label,
    you're excluding pretty much every real, working system that most
    people refer to as p2p without hesitation (e.g. Napster/Seti@HOME
    which are centrally coordinated, and Gnutella which has scalability
    limitations).

    Perhaps the right level of abstraction for a def. of p2p would be
    end-user level, not the algorithmic/implementation level. One of the
    things I've found really striking & unique about p2p systems is the
    empowerment they endow on their participants. This empowerment has a
    variety of forms, e.g. being able to flout antiquated restrictions on
    how we listen to music, being able to contribute compute resources to
    interesting causes, attaining true anonymity, etc. Basically being
    able to manage one's own data/personal communications/compute
    resources on much better terms than what was available in the past.

    Too fluffy, I know, but it beats falling into the peerier-than-thou
    trap.

    _______________________________________________
    P2prg mailing list
    P2prg@ietf.org
    https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg


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<DIV><SPAN class=3D087220002-11082003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Another thing we can discuss is how P2P's service resolution =
&amp;=20
routing model compares to the DNS (domain name server) model.=20
-Ray</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
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  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><FONT =
face=3DTahoma=20
  size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> =
p2prg-admin@ietf.org=20
  [mailto:p2prg-admin@ietf.org]<B>On Behalf Of </B>Bill =
Yeager<BR><B>Sent:</B>=20
  Sunday, August 10, 2003 2:14 PM<BR><B>To:</B> Bert<BR><B>Cc:</B>=20
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August=20
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wrote:<BR>
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that I=20
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    <BR><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>P2prg =
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From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Definition of p2p
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Hi Ray,

If you read a little further in the charter, then you will see that 
this is also there:

To this end, the research group also emphasizes the following near-term 
goals: classifying the P2P problem space (both currently, and as it 
evolves) into those problems for which there are existing solutions and 
those for which solutions require longer-term development; developing 
descriptive model(s) of peer-node organization whose interpretation can 
be applied to these solutions; articulating the scope as to what sort 
of P2P applications the models encompass and what sort they do not;  
exploring interfaces to IETF protocols to realize the models;

We can look at DNSEXT to see if in fact what you mention below can be 
incorporated in an extended DNS.

Bill

On Sunday, August 10, 2003, at 07:01 PM, Raymond Gao wrote:

> Another thing we can discuss is how P2P's service resolution & routing 
> model compares to the DNS (domain name server) model. -Ray
>

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Hi Ray,


If you read a little further in the charter, then you will see that
this is also there:


To this end, the research group also emphasizes the following
near-term goals: classifying the P2P problem space (both currently,
and as it evolves) into those problems for which there are existing
solutions and those for which solutions require longer-term
development; developing descriptive model(s) of peer-node organization
whose interpretation can be applied to these solutions; articulating
the scope as to what sort of P2P applications the models encompass and
what sort they do not;  exploring interfaces to IETF protocols to
realize the models; 


We can look at DNSEXT to see if in fact what you mention below can be
incorporated in an extended DNS.


Bill


On Sunday, August 10, 2003, at 07:01 PM, Raymond Gao wrote:


<excerpt><fontfamily><param>Arial</param><color><param>0000,0000,FFFF</param><smaller>Another
thing we can discuss is how P2P's service resolution & routing model
compares to the DNS (domain name server) model. -Ray</smaller></color></fontfamily>


</excerpt>

--Boundary_(ID_2Px0DAm1aIe7hPonj9a/QA)--

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From: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  \(UMKC-Student\)" <saq66@umkc.edu>
To: "Bill Yeager" <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>, <raygao@comcast.net>
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> We can look at DNSEXT to see if in fact what=20
> you mention below can be incorporated in an=20
> extended DNS.=20

Not extending DNS.. A better reference resolution model=20
to reduce the overloading pain in DNS using proposed=20
distributed object location routing systems.


To realize such a system, we have to first concentrate
on the issue of naming. If we can use semantically=20
meaningless names -like cryptographic keys, we don't=20
have to politicize the whole DNS delegation ( and there=20
by avoid problems like "cyber squatting" etc..) Also, we=20
have issues with *referential integrity* in current DNS=20
system. Current structured overlay proposals can help=20
us here.=20

IPTPS conference papers have some thoughts about using
P2P for DNS type of resolution etc. But, there are lot=20
more avenues to concentrate on...


>> Another thing we can discuss is how P2P's service=20
>> resolution & routing model compares to the DNS=20
>> (domain name server) model.

better way is to list the *shortcomings* of DNS and=20
see, what P2P has to offer...

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Hi,

| Please look at the P2P charter. This is the definition we are going to
| use as a basis for our work.

Wouldn't it be nice to have a definition at hand which is a little
shorter? (_and_ a little less prose?)

I think that a definition shouldn't be too broad and that it shouldn't
take the application/user/ownership into account too much. There should
be no dev-goals in the definition.(?) (Scalability, Fault-Tolerance etc.
Most P2P-Systems aren't actually scalable (and scalability doesn't make
the term p2p more exact..), so it's a goal to make the systems scalable
and not an explanation...)

In my opinion something like:
	Peer-to-Peer-Systems are highly dynamic decentraliced
	distributed systems, in which every node performs, or at least
	is able to perform, the same tasks. In different links each node
	may either act as a client or a server.
would do the job.
That way we'd get rid of people who are calling SETI@home P2P ;-D, while
leaving enough room for different application domains such as
collaborative work, cycle-sharing, file-sharing (*sigh*) etc.
Hm. Mobility would be a missing point, but would I come away with the
explanation, that mobility is just a certain occurence of dynamics?


Main(?) research areas:
* Message forwarding/routing (Flooding/Routing Indices/DHT/...)
* Lookup/discovery (implementation of the namespace:
~  registry(dht/supernodes)/flat(flooding)/...)
* NAT-Traversal (or: IPv6, please!)
* Security-Issues (privacy, authentication
* Content Distribution (Multicast?)
* QoS in P2P(?)
* Interoperability(??)

The people researching mobile ad-hoc networks (manets) actually have
done quite some work, which might be of interest.
Loads of work has actually been done on lookup as well (as I had to
realize, when I started writing a paper on Lookup in P2P-Systems), as
most of the ideas/constraints for old fashioned lookup apply to
P2P-Systems as well...

My 5ct.

All the best,

Thorsten

- --
Dipl.-Inf. Thorsten Strufe         +49(0)3677-694553, CC 442
Fachgebiet Telematik               Institut Praktische Informatik=09
Technische Universit=E4t Ilmenau     http://www-ia.tu-ilmenau.de/IPI/FGT
Sartre:Begehe keine Dummheit zweimal, die Auswahl ist doch gro=DF genug!
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>The people researching mobile ad-hoc networks (manets)=20
>actually have done quite some work, which might be of=20
>interest.

The people researching peer to peer networks (P2P) actually=20
have done quite some work, which might be of interest.

MANETS, in its present form, suffer from scalability problems=20
(number of nodes.) Also, don't seem to provide a better open
interface for many server-side applications (like hosting a=20
web server etc..)

Since, the assumptions behind P2P and MANET seems closer (like=20
node flux, decentralization, auto-configuration), MANETS can=20
use DHTs for scaling to large number of nodes and use generic
APIs for creating diverse applications.=20


so, what MANETS have to offer for P2P?=20

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P2prg mailing list
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Aug 11 12:28:43 2003
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To: saq66@umkc.edu, thorsten.strufe@tu-ilmenau.de, William.Yeager@Sun.COM
Cc: p2prg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
Date: Mon, 11 Aug 2003 17:26:12 +0100
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I'm not sure that DHTs and MANETS have a very good fit. 

This is because DHTs generally require that every node can address every
other node, in principle. In a MANET direct addressing is only possible
for individuals within broadcast range of each other, which may or may
not be the individuals to whom you need to forward your message for DHT
routing.

Many design problems are in common between the two cases, and perhaps
APIs could converge in some respects. At least in the case of lookup, I
think the implementation details of the two cases force the solutions to
diverge, sorry.

Keen to hear if you've found a way round this, though ;) We could try it
out with  SWAN (our hash-based routing mechanism,  see
http://www.cefn.com/cefn/index.php?inventor), and the MANET simulator we
have.

Cefn
http://www.cefn.com

-----Original Message-----
From: Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student) [mailto:saq66@umkc.edu] 
Sent: 11 August 2003 10:44
To: Thorsten Strufe; Bill Yeager
Cc: p2prg
Subject: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P



>The people researching mobile ad-hoc networks (manets)
>actually have done quite some work, which might be of 
>interest.

The people researching peer to peer networks (P2P) actually 
have done quite some work, which might be of interest.

MANETS, in its present form, suffer from scalability problems 
(number of nodes.) Also, don't seem to provide a better open interface
for many server-side applications (like hosting a 
web server etc..)

Since, the assumptions behind P2P and MANET seems closer (like 
node flux, decentralization, auto-configuration), MANETS can 
use DHTs for scaling to large number of nodes and use generic APIs for
creating diverse applications. 


so, what MANETS have to offer for P2P? 

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Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
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Ok, I'll bite...

Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student) wrote:

>>We can look at DNSEXT to see if in fact what 
>>you mention below can be incorporated in an 
>>extended DNS. 
> 
> 
> Not extending DNS.. A better reference resolution model 
> to reduce the overloading pain in DNS using proposed 
> distributed object location routing systems.

DNS is useful for bootstrapping. In P2P overlay construction, it allows us 
to get a list of initial candidates and iteratively or recursively building 
the overlay.

Delegation is also a strong mechanism for making things scale to large 
numbers of participants. We know this because it works ("rough consensus, 
working code" and that code, despite the occaisional defect, works well.) We 
also know, from operational experience, that delegation works well 
administratively, since responsibility for a zone is pushed to the zone's 
administrative and technical contact.

Intermediate caching is another strong mechanism that's been proven to have 
benefits, although Balakrishnan's SIGCOMM IMW'01 paper takes issue with this 
point.

What doesn't map well is DNS' iterative search, the source of the pain that 
you mention. At some point in DNS' implied overlay, a resolver has to 
iteratively query zone servers. In the DHT systems, iteration is avoided by 
transparent forwarding.

> To realize such a system, we have to first concentrate
> on the issue of naming. If we can use semantically 
> meaningless names -like cryptographic keys, we don't 
> have to politicize the whole DNS delegation ( and there 
> by avoid problems like "cyber squatting" etc..) Also, we 
> have issues with *referential integrity* in current DNS 
> system. Current structured overlay proposals can help 
> us here. 

No debate here: naming is important. DNS and the canonical P2P applications 
are the few applications where a name is known a priori and can be 
"semantically meaningless". However, semantically meaningless names lose 
prefix information (e.g., higher level DNS zone information). This can have 
a negative impact on routing and forwarding in a P2P system.

>>>Another thing we can discuss is how P2P's service 
>>>resolution & routing model compares to the DNS 
>>>(domain name server) model.
> 
> 
> better way is to list the *shortcomings* of DNS and 
> see, what P2P has to offer...

DNS has a fixed message format, max message size... which can be fixed by a 
new infrastructure. But I wouldn't jump to the contusion that a brand new 
P2P-based infrastructure for doing host name resolution just to add new 
features is necessary or desireable. After all, you need to bootstrap the 
P2P overlay or create an implied overlay like DNS does.


-scooter


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Subject: [P2Prg] CFP: 4th Workshop on Global and Peer-to-Peer Computing
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Please accept our apologies if you receive this message multiple times.

------------------------------------------------------------------
                             CALL FOR PAPERS

                 Fourth International Scientific Workshop on

                     GLOBAL and PEER-TO-PEER Computing
                          "From Theory to Practice"

                          (http://www.lri.fr/~fci/GP2PC-04.htm)

             organized at the IEEE/ACM International Symposium
                   on Cluster Computing and the Grid 2004
                          IEEE/ACM CCGRID 2004

                         Chicago, USA, April 2004

  In cooperation with the IEEE Task Force on Cluster Computing (TFCC)
  -------------------------------------------------------------------

   SCOPE

Global computing systems aim to harness Internet-connected resources at a
global scale. A global computing platform can be built in a pre-defined,
stable, organized fashion (more like today's Grids) or can be
self-organizing, ad-hoc, decentralized, like in Peer-to-Peer systems.

Supporting computation on such systems raises a novel set of questions.
Because of size, autonomy and the high volatility of their resources, Global
Computing and P2P platforms provide the opportunity to revisit major fields
of distributed computing: protocols, infrastructures, security, fault
tolerance, scheduling, performance, services, applications, incentives for
cooperation, etc. Moreover, new issues concerning installation, utilization,
flexibility and scalability become more relevant than ever.

Authors are invited to submit original, unpublished work describing current
research and novel ideas in the area of Global and Peer-to-Peer Computing as
well as experiences with the deployment of Global and Peer-to-Peer Computing
technologies. Papers whose contributions are supported by experimental or
theoretical evaluations are strongly encouraged.

   TOPICS

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

 * Global Computing and Peer-to-Peer platforms
* P2P Merging / Interoperability with Grids (OGSA/I)
* Software technology evaluations: Web Services, Grid services
* Middleware, programming models, environments and toolkits
* Protocols for resource management (discovery, reservation, scheduling,
monitoring)
* Economic considerations of resource usage (protocols, accounting)
* Storage in Global Computing infrastructures (strategies, protocols)
* Performance measurements, benchmarking, and modeling of Global Computing
and Peer-to-Peer systems
* Security
* Result certification (detection/tolerance of corrupted results)
* Parallel computing on large-scale distributed systems
* Compute & I/O driven applications
* Global and peer-to-peer computing applications (programmed from scratch,
ported from sequential or parallel implementations, adaptations to fit a
global computing environment)

   PAPER SUBMISSION

We invite you to submit a full paper of up to 8 pages in IEEE format (10pt
font, two-columns, single-spaced). Please visit the workshop web page at
http://GP2PC.lri.fr for paper submission procedure.

   IMPORTANT DATES

   Papers submission: November 25, 2003
   Notification to authors: January 15, 2004
   Final version of papers due: February 15, 2004

   PROGRAM COMMITTEE (in construction):

   David Anderson, University of Berkeley, SETI@home project, USA
   Franck Cappello, INRIA/LRI, Paris-South University, France
   Henri Casanova, SDSC, California, USA
   Andrew Chien, UCSD, California, USA
   Adriana Iamnitchi, University of Chicago, USA
   Olivier Richard, INRIA ID, Grenoble, France
   Alexander Reinefeld, Zuze Institute Berlin, Germany
   Arnold Rosenberg, DCS, Massachusetts, USA
   Mitsuhisa Sato, CCP, University of Tsukuba, Japan
   Domenico Talia, DEIS, University of Calabria, Italy
   Bernard Traversat, SUN, Jxta, USA
     ...

   WORKSHOP CHAIRS (and contact for info)

   Franck Cappello
   INRIA/LRI, Paris-South University
   France,
   fci@lri.lri.fr

   Adriana Iamnitchi
   University of Chicago
   USA
   anda@cs.uchicago.edu



________________
Adriana Iamnitchi
University of Chicago
http://www.cs.uchicago.edu/~anda
(773) 834-4416



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From: Kuldipsingh Pabla <Kuldipsingh.Pabla@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
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Other reason for MANET to be not highly scalable is that MANET is designed and optimized for the WiFi(or RF) devices. These devices drain more battery power while transmitting messages to other devices. Considering the fact, the MANET algorithms have tried to minimize the transmission of messages while routing packets.

More over, MANET is for pure ad hoc networks.

-Kuldeep
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Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
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I'm not sure that DHTs and MANETS have a very good fit. 

This is because DHTs generally require that every node can address every
other node, in principle. In a MANET direct addressing is only possible
for individuals within broadcast range of each other, which may or may
not be the individuals to whom you need to forward your message for DHT
routing.

Many design problems are in common between the two cases, and perhaps
APIs could converge in some respects. At least in the case of lookup, I
think the implementation details of the two cases force the solutions to
diverge, sorry.

Keen to hear if you've found a way round this, though ;) We could try it
out with  SWAN (our hash-based routing mechanism,  see
http://www.cefn.com/cefn/index.php?inventor), and the MANET simulator we
have.

Cefn
http://www.cefn.com

-----Original Message-----
From: Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student) [mailto:saq66@umkc.edu] 
Sent: 11 August 2003 10:44
To: Thorsten Strufe; Bill Yeager
Cc: p2prg
Subject: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P



>The people researching mobile ad-hoc networks (manets)
>actually have done quite some work, which might be of 
>interest.

The people researching peer to peer networks (P2P) actually 
have done quite some work, which might be of interest.

MANETS, in its present form, suffer from scalability problems 
(number of nodes.) Also, don't seem to provide a better open interface
for many server-side applications (like hosting a 
web server etc..)

Since, the assumptions behind P2P and MANET seems closer (like 
node flux, decentralization, auto-configuration), MANETS can 
use DHTs for scaling to large number of nodes and use generic APIs for
creating diverse applications. 


so, what MANETS have to offer for P2P? 

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>I'm not sure that DHTs and MANETS have a very good fit.=20

DHT is not something new. The concept was originally introduced=20
in landmark hierarchy for ad-hoc networks. Back in 1980s, LH was=20
proposed by Paul Francis for self-configuring an ad-hoc network
into a routing hierarchy. It employs a function (assured dest
binding- ADB) to map the identifier to address; which is=20
essentially a DHT. Some recent MANET routing proposals achieve=20
scalability by way of landmark routing (e.g.LANMAR).=20

The MANET WG has adapted two routing proposals (AODV/DSR);which=20
suffers from scalability problems. DHT can provide indirection
service to achieve scalability.=20



>This is because DHTs generally require that every node can address=20
>every other node, in principle. In a MANET direct addressing=20
>is only possible for individuals within broadcast range of each other,
>which may or may not be the individuals to whom you need to forward=20
>your message for DHT routing.

DHT based overlay routing delivers requests for a given key to the=20
node _currently_ responsible for that key. So, assumption is that=20
their is NO permanent mapping of keys to nodes. Similar to multi-hop=20
hierarchical routing done in MANETS, routing proceeds in a multi-hop=20
fashion. Also, nodes maintain address for  only a small set of=20
neighbors, and routes messages to the neighbor that is closer to the=20
destination. So, the base message forwarding principle is same for=20
both DHT-based  and MANET-based multi-hop routing.



> Keen to hear if you've found a way round this, though ;) We could=20
> try it out with  SWAN (our hash-based routing mechanism, see=20
> http://www.cefn.com/cefn/index.php?inventor), and the MANET=20
> simulator we have.

Purdue has simulation results and work-in-progress prototype for DHT=20
(pastry) + DSR =3D Dynamic P2P source routing.=20

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Subject: [P2Prg] Control of Content in a P2P network
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http://www.opendemocracy.net/debates/article-8-101-1398.jsp

Some of you may have seen this.

I realise this is a technical research group but the corrorally of control
(assuming a system is created in which control is possible) must be the
implementation of policy of which documents/files/objects are propogated.

Creating a P2p system that cannot be censored may appear the obvious soloution
- based on our _western_ ideas of culture and freedom.

But it may not be the best soloution for all cultures.

Control (trusted 3rd parties, distributed approval , etc.) can always be turned 
off for a given instalation.

	Just MHO.

		Sean
-- 
Sean Bennett.
E Pluribus Unum

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Date: Sat, 16 Aug 2003 19:47:04 +0100
From: Patrick Kirk <patrick@kirks.net>
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To: Sean Bennett <sean@gbnet.net>
CC: P2prg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Control of Content in a P2P network
References: <20030816130726.GA3320@gbnet.net>
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Sean Bennett wrote:
> http://www.opendemocracy.net/debates/article-8-101-1398.jsp
> 
> Some of you may have seen this.
> 
> I realise this is a technical research group but the corrorally of control
> (assuming a system is created in which control is possible) must be the
> implementation of policy of which documents/files/objects are propogated.
> 
> Creating a P2p system that cannot be censored may appear the obvious soloution
> - based on our _western_ ideas of culture and freedom.
> 
> But it may not be the best soloution for all cultures.
> 
> Control (trusted 3rd parties, distributed approval , etc.) can always be turned 
> off for a given instalation.
> 
> 	Just MHO.
> 
> 		Sean
I followed the link and frankly I'm shocked that I find attitides like 
this being promoted in a technical mailing list.

Does that article really represent your views?  You are saying that 
freedom is only for "Western" people and offering it to people in Saudi 
Arabia is "cultural imperialism, with its stress on US values and free 
trade."   Just in case some poor Westerner is caught in your little web 
you say "Control (trusted 3rd parties, distributed approval , etc.) can 
always be turned off for a given instalation."

Sean, I suggest you not call ideas like this "humble opinions" - its not 
humble at all.  Its the old "Them darkies just are not mature enough to 
vote"  argument.  Even if you sincerely believe it, it still _stinks_.

Slightly off topic here but even as a non-American I must admit to 
amusement at the arrogance of an author who descibes the USA as not 
having  a legitimate government while defending the shenagigans of the 
Saudi regime.  The sad truth is that the Saudi royal family has _no_ 
interest in governing America. Apart from your friends in the House of 
Saud, who are the dictators you feel Americans could aspire to be 
governed by?  (Idi Amin is dead so you can't choose him).


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You can go back even further into hypercube routing. DHTs advance science by 
routing on digit groups instead of single bits.


-scooter

Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student) wrote:
>>I'm not sure that DHTs and MANETS have a very good fit. 
> 
> 
> DHT is not something new. The concept was originally introduced 
> in landmark hierarchy for ad-hoc networks. Back in 1980s, LH was 
> proposed by Paul Francis for self-configuring an ad-hoc network
> into a routing hierarchy. It employs a function (assured dest
> binding- ADB) to map the identifier to address; which is 
> essentially a DHT. Some recent MANET routing proposals achieve 
> scalability by way of landmark routing (e.g.LANMAR). 
> 
> The MANET WG has adapted two routing proposals (AODV/DSR);which 
> suffers from scalability problems. DHT can provide indirection
> service to achieve scalability. 
> 
> 
> 
> 
>>This is because DHTs generally require that every node can address 
>>every other node, in principle. In a MANET direct addressing 
>>is only possible for individuals within broadcast range of each other,
>>which may or may not be the individuals to whom you need to forward 
>>your message for DHT routing.
> 
> 
> DHT based overlay routing delivers requests for a given key to the 
> node _currently_ responsible for that key. So, assumption is that 
> their is NO permanent mapping of keys to nodes. Similar to multi-hop 
> hierarchical routing done in MANETS, routing proceeds in a multi-hop 
> fashion. Also, nodes maintain address for  only a small set of 
> neighbors, and routes messages to the neighbor that is closer to the 
> destination. So, the base message forwarding principle is same for 
> both DHT-based  and MANET-based multi-hop routing.
> 
> 
> 
> 
>>Keen to hear if you've found a way round this, though ;) We could 
>>try it out with  SWAN (our hash-based routing mechanism, see 
>>http://www.cefn.com/cefn/index.php?inventor), and the MANET 
>>simulator we have.
> 
> 
> Purdue has simulation results and work-in-progress prototype for DHT 
> (pastry) + DSR = Dynamic P2P source routing. 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg


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Subject: [P2Prg] Call For Papers: Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
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(Sorry for multi-posting.)

This is CFP for Peer-to-Peer Internetworking Workshop in Tokyo.

Best Regards, 

------
DOI, Yusuke <ydoi@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp>
 Toshiba Corp., Research and Development Center
  Network and Computer Systems Laboratory


-----

			   Call for Papers

			      P2PI 2004
  (SAINT2004 International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Internetworking)
co-located with the IEEE/IPSJ Symposium on Applications and the Internet

			 January 26-27, 2004
			     Tokyo, Japan

Important Dates
    Paper Submission: Oct 7, 2003
    Notification: Oct 20, 2003
    Final Manuscript: Nov 1, 2003
    Workshop Date: Jan 26-27, 2004

Theme: Internetworking Overlays

    Over the past years, a number of peer-to-peer networks have appeared,
    some with prominent success.  However, the possibility and potential
    of interconnecting these peer-to-peer networks have not been explored
    until recently.
    
    Peer-to-peer internetworking is going to redefine the way peer-to-peer
    networks are constructed.  Since no single peer-to-peer network can
    serve universal purposes, functional decomposition among multiple
    peer-to-peer networks has to occur as peer-to-peer internetworking
    framework is defined.
    
    Peer-to-peer internetworking will facilitate the introduction of
    heterogeneity, internationalization, monetary infrastructure, and
    various security mechanisms.
    
    This workshop is the occasion to address this theme widely, and is
    intended to share latest research results and exchange ideas, thereby
    promoting research activities in this area.
    
    Topics include, but are not limited to:
    - Interconnection of overlay networks
    - Heterogeneous overlay networks
    - DHT and other scalable lookup algorithms
    - Overlay networks and monetary transaction
    - Internationalization in P2P applications
    - Security in overlay internetworks
    - Resource discovery and location in overlay internetworks

    Papers should be sent via e-mail to
    <p2pi2004-submit@is.aist-nara.ac.jp> no later than October 7th.
    Acceptable document formats are PostScript and PDF.  Please
    include "P2PI SUBMISSION" in the subject of e-mail, in order to
    facilitate anti-spam classification.

    Please note that, according to the SAINT2004 organizing committee,
    the workshop is subject to cancellation when enough paper
    presentations are not accepted.

Organizers:
    Yusuke Doi (Toshiba Corporation, Japan)
    ydoi@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp

    Youki Kadobayashi, Ph.D. (Nara Institue of Science and Technology, Japan)
    youki-k@is.aist-nara.ac.jp

    Yuichi Kawasaki (Jnutella.org, Japan)

    Hiroyuki Morikawa, Ph.D. (University of Tokyo, Japan)

    Fumio Teraoka, Ph.D. (Keio University, Japan)


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Date: Wed, 20 Aug 2003 09:54:55 -0700 (PDT)
From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Eng.Sun.COM>
To: p2prg@ietf.org
Cc: William.Yeager@Eng.Sun.COM, bobby@cs.umd.edu
Reply-to: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Eng.Sun.COM>
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Subject: [P2Prg] Research Group plans
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Hi,

Our research group will now begin to formulate the tasks we wish to
begin and to work on over the next year, and we invite you to carefully
read through the charter document. 

The charter evolved from almost one year of discussions with
IETF area directors, the IETF chair and the IAB chair. After that,
Vern Paxson worked with us for about seven months (things do move
slowly because almost all of us have full time commitments to consider
first) to write our RG's charter. It incorporates a great deal from
the earlier IETF discussions.  The charter sets directions for our
research, and certainly, these directions are not restricted to what
is said in the charter. Here, we tried to hit upon the fundamental P2P
issues such as:

"peer-node identity, naming, configuration and capabilities; P2P 
network organization and scope; resource discovery, content lookup, 
search and distribution; request routing and operation in the presence 
of mobility; adaptation to expected peer-node instability; monitoring 
of P2P operations; security of P2P systems involving reputation-based 
trust for ad-hoc systems or more centralized, CA-like approaches."

We do want to form research tracks in each of these areas if possible. 
We cannot do everything at once, and will have to prioritize our list 
given both the interests of the RG members and the RG size.

Thus, we set some near-term goals:

"classifying the P2P problem space (both currently, and as it evolves) 
into those problems for which there are existing solutions and those 
for which solutions require longer-term development; developing 
descriptive model(s) of peer-node organization whose interpretation can 
be applied to these solutions; articulating the scope as to what sort 
of P2P applications the models encompass and what sort they do not; 
understanding the unique security-related problems and opportunities 
P2P systems pose; exploring interfaces to IETF protocols to realize the 
models; and offering input to the IETF as a starting place for possible 
working groups to standardize new protocols that are useful in building P2P 
applications."

The last line is extremely important. We must first carefully explore
interfaces to current IETF protocols, and how, if necessary, these
protocols may be extended to suit our needs before we look at
standardizing any new protocols.  

Since all of us cannot substantially contribute to all areas, perhaps 
it is a good idea to think about to which areas each of you would like to contribute. We can then form sub-research groups directed at specific tasks.

Finally, we would like to thank those among you who have so
enthusiastically discussed what is on their mind with respect to P2P
on our list this Summer. The chairs were somewhat silent, and this was
for at least two reasons: First, we wanted to "laisser faire." Just
let things happen to see what is on your minds. We certainly desire to
be open to possibilities beyond what we've included in our
charter. Second, it is Summer and we all need time to relax, and
regroup for the coming "research" year which for us begins in 
September.

We are looking forward to coming months and hope that the enthusiasm 
continues. We do plan an initial meeting within the next two months. The 
details are being worked out right now.

Thanks again for your interest!

Bill Yeager and Bobby Bhattacharjee  


_______________________________________________
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P2prg@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg



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From: "cjwu" <cjwu@exodus.cs.ccu.edu.tw>
To: <p2prg@ietf.org>
References: <21DA6754A9238B48B92F39637EF307FD0204B5A5@i2km41-ukdy.nat.bt.com>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2003 14:41:34 +0800
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I consider that MANETs is a special case is P2P overlay

In the multi-hop MANETs, any node need neighbors to forward the packets.
A node only know the neighbor nodes, not all node in this MANETs.
In peer-to-peer overlay, it is very difficult for a node knows all nodes in
this overlay. (but, a paper assume that it is work [1])
So that a node in p2p routing table is limited...

[1]
One Hop Lookups for Peer-to-Peer Overlays [ pdf | ps ]
Anjali Gupta, Barbara Liskov, Rodrigo Rodrigues.
Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS IX), Lihue, Hawai, May
2003.

----- Original Message -----
From: <cefn.hoile@bt.com>
To: <saq66@umkc.edu>; <thorsten.strufe@tu-ilmenau.de>;
<William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Cc: <>
Sent: Tuesday, August 12, 2003 12:26 AM
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P


> I'm not sure that DHTs and MANETS have a very good fit.
>
> This is because DHTs generally require that every node can address every
> other node, in principle. In a MANET direct addressing is only possible
> for individuals within broadcast range of each other, which may or may
> not be the individuals to whom you need to forward your message for DHT
> routing.
>
> Many design problems are in common between the two cases, and perhaps
> APIs could converge in some respects. At least in the case of lookup, I
> think the implementation details of the two cases force the solutions to
> diverge, sorry.
>
> Keen to hear if you've found a way round this, though ;) We could try it
> out with  SWAN (our hash-based routing mechanism,  see
> http://www.cefn.com/cefn/index.php?inventor), and the MANET simulator we
> have.
>
> Cefn
> http://www.cefn.com
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student) [mailto:saq66@umkc.edu]
> Sent: 11 August 2003 10:44
> To: Thorsten Strufe; Bill Yeager
> Cc: p2prg
> Subject: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
>
>
>
> >The people researching mobile ad-hoc networks (manets)
> >actually have done quite some work, which might be of
> >interest.
>
> The people researching peer to peer networks (P2P) actually
> have done quite some work, which might be of interest.
>
> MANETS, in its present form, suffer from scalability problems
> (number of nodes.) Also, don't seem to provide a better open interface
> for many server-side applications (like hosting a
> web server etc..)
>
> Since, the assumptions behind P2P and MANET seems closer (like
> node flux, decentralization, auto-configuration), MANETS can
> use DHTs for scaling to large number of nodes and use generic APIs for
> creating diverse applications.
>
>
> so, what MANETS have to offer for P2P?
>
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg
>
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg
>


_______________________________________________
P2prg mailing list
P2prg@irtf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg



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From: "cjwu" <cjwu@exodus.cs.ccu.edu.tw>
To: <p2prg@ietf.org>
References: <21DA6754A9238B48B92F39637EF307FD0204B5A5@i2km41-ukdy.nat.bt.com>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2003 14:45:10 +0800
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I consider that MANETs is a special case is P2P overlay.

In the multi-hop MANETs, any node need neighbors to forward packets.
A node only know the neighbor nodes, not all node in this MANETs.
In peer-to-peer overlay, it is very difficult for a node knows all nodes in
this overlay. (but, a paper assume that it is work [1])
So that a node in p2p routing table is limited...

[1]
"One Hop Lookups for Peer-to-Peer Overlays"
Anjali Gupta, Barbara Liskov, Rodrigo Rodrigues.
Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS IX), Lihue, Hawai, May
2003.

----- Original Message -----
From: <cefn.hoile@bt.com>
To: <saq66@umkc.edu>; <thorsten.strufe@tu-ilmenau.de>;
<William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Cc: <>
Sent: Tuesday, August 12, 2003 12:26 AM
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P


> I'm not sure that DHTs and MANETS have a very good fit.
>
> This is because DHTs generally require that every node can address every
> other node, in principle. In a MANET direct addressing is only possible
> for individuals within broadcast range of each other, which may or may
> not be the individuals to whom you need to forward your message for DHT
> routing.
>
> Many design problems are in common between the two cases, and perhaps
> APIs could converge in some respects. At least in the case of lookup, I
> think the implementation details of the two cases force the solutions to
> diverge, sorry.
>
> Keen to hear if you've found a way round this, though ;) We could try it
> out with  SWAN (our hash-based routing mechanism,  see
> http://www.cefn.com/cefn/index.php?inventor), and the MANET simulator we
> have.
>
> Cefn
> http://www.cefn.com
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student) [mailto:saq66@umkc.edu]
> Sent: 11 August 2003 10:44
> To: Thorsten Strufe; Bill Yeager
> Cc: p2prg
> Subject: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
>
>
>
> >The people researching mobile ad-hoc networks (manets)
> >actually have done quite some work, which might be of
> >interest.
>
> The people researching peer to peer networks (P2P) actually
> have done quite some work, which might be of interest.
>
> MANETS, in its present form, suffer from scalability problems
> (number of nodes.) Also, don't seem to provide a better open interface
> for many server-side applications (like hosting a
> web server etc..)
>
> Since, the assumptions behind P2P and MANET seems closer (like
> node flux, decentralization, auto-configuration), MANETS can
> use DHTs for scaling to large number of nodes and use generic APIs for
> creating diverse applications.
>
>
> so, what MANETS have to offer for P2P?
>
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg
>
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg
>


_______________________________________________
P2prg mailing list
P2prg@irtf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg



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Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
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Thread-Index: AcNn0S6W2DqhdWEXTzKa4FeYzbxYqA==
From: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  \(UMKC-Student\)" <saq66@umkc.edu>
To: <p2prg@ietf.org>
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>What doesn't map well is DNS' iterative search, the source of the pain =
that=20
>you mention. At some point in DNS' implied overlay, a resolver has to=20
>iteratively query zone servers. In the DHT systems, iteration is =
avoided by=20
>transparent forwarding.

 The one you mention, iterative search and the associated resolution
delay is a *performance* pain.  huitema et all study and caida's strip=20
charts illustrate that point. But, I was talking about *architectural*=20
overload on the DNS system - which can be avoided using a P2P model.=20
But, yes!!! It is way too ambitious...



>No debate here: naming is important. DNS and the canonical P2P =
applications=20
>are the few applications where a name is known a priori and can be=20
>"semantically meaningless". However, semantically meaningless names =
lose=20
>prefix information (e.g., higher level DNS zone information). This can =
have=20
>a negative impact on routing and forwarding in a P2P system.

  http://nms.lcs.mit.edu/projects/sfr/


>> Not extending DNS.. A better reference resolution model=20
>> to reduce the overloading pain in DNS using proposed=20
>> distributed object location routing systems.
>
>DNS is useful for bootstrapping. In P2P overlay construction, it allows =
us=20
>to get a list of initial candidates and iteratively or recursively =
building=20
>the overlay.
[...]

> But I wouldn't jump to the contusion that a brand new P2P-based=20
> infrastructure for doing host name resolution just to add new=20
> features is necessary or desireable.=20


agreed. But, their is more... Recently, we invest a lot in overlay =
networks.
Since, backbone providers have no incentive to deploy stuff, researchers =
has
started to consider Internet as a "black-box" and design informed =
overlay
architectures at the application-level. After few years, we will have =
too
many overlays - either host based (end point multicast etc) or=20
infrastructured (chord etc..) So, each of them will create a new name =
space=20
+ indirection and depend on DNS for resolution/interaction between =
overlays.
This is really a major burden on DNS, not to mention the fact that we =
have=20
done enough already (RFC 3467). Hence, it is very necessary to think =
about=20
new approaches to solve this problem.


probably, we should move from DNS *lookup" to "search and update with
crawlers". A half-baked solution might be google can store all bindings=20
and all local resolution can be re-directed to google for lookup.=20

_______________________________________________
P2prg mailing list
P2prg@irtf.org
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Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
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I just want to give my 2 cents worth here. Because DNS is an established
standard, it will be rather difficult to completely overturn it. Rewriting
it could cause complete rebuilt of Internet infrastructure. Rather, a
complimentary model between P2P and existing DNS standard has best chance of
succeeding. DNS is hierarchial vs. P2P is ad-hoc. In fact, routers (PGP/BGP
protocol) in DNS are pretty reliable. If we can add dynamic discovery
capability to it, somewhat like DHCP, it will be pretty nice. Here, I mean,
using PKI (key or token exchange) as the basis for assigning new ID and
address by rendezvous server to a new peer who is joining the horde.

Furthermore, it's inefficient for a simple peer to build a complete table of
the network and listing of all peers. That should reside on the more power
rendezvous or pack-manager/coordinator servers. A peer should have as much
information it needs. Building an extensive listing for the whole network
may have high-overhead, particularly if the network has hundreds, thousands,
or maybe millions of peers. Similarly, DHT is a good idea, although syncing
it across many servers will be a time & resource intensive task with
dependence on the underlying network.

-ray

> -----Original Message-----
> From: p2prg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:p2prg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
> Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student)
> Sent: Thursday, August 21, 2003 5:44 AM
> To: p2prg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
>
>
> >What doesn't map well is DNS' iterative search, the source of
> the pain that
> >you mention. At some point in DNS' implied overlay, a resolver has to
> >iteratively query zone servers. In the DHT systems, iteration is
> avoided by
> >transparent forwarding.
>
>  The one you mention, iterative search and the associated resolution
> delay is a *performance* pain.  huitema et all study and caida's strip
> charts illustrate that point. But, I was talking about *architectural*
> overload on the DNS system - which can be avoided using a P2P model.
> But, yes!!! It is way too ambitious...
>
>
>
> >No debate here: naming is important. DNS and the canonical P2P
> applications
> >are the few applications where a name is known a priori and can be
> >"semantically meaningless". However, semantically meaningless names lose
> >prefix information (e.g., higher level DNS zone information).
> This can have
> >a negative impact on routing and forwarding in a P2P system.
>
>   http://nms.lcs.mit.edu/projects/sfr/
>
>
> >> Not extending DNS.. A better reference resolution model
> >> to reduce the overloading pain in DNS using proposed
> >> distributed object location routing systems.
> >
> >DNS is useful for bootstrapping. In P2P overlay construction, it
> allows us
> >to get a list of initial candidates and iteratively or
> recursively building
> >the overlay.
> [...]
>
> > But I wouldn't jump to the contusion that a brand new P2P-based
> > infrastructure for doing host name resolution just to add new
> > features is necessary or desireable.
>
>
> agreed. But, their is more... Recently, we invest a lot in
> overlay networks.
> Since, backbone providers have no incentive to deploy stuff,
> researchers has
> started to consider Internet as a "black-box" and design informed overlay
> architectures at the application-level. After few years, we will have too
> many overlays - either host based (end point multicast etc) or
> infrastructured (chord etc..) So, each of them will create a new
> name space
> + indirection and depend on DNS for resolution/interaction
> between overlays.
> This is really a major burden on DNS, not to mention the fact
> that we have
> done enough already (RFC 3467). Hence, it is very necessary to
> think about
> new approaches to solve this problem.
>
>
> probably, we should move from DNS *lookup" to "search and update with
> crawlers". A half-baked solution might be google can store all bindings
> and all local resolution can be re-directed to google for lookup.
>
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@irtf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg


_______________________________________________
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Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2003 10:42:06 -0700
From: Scott Michel <scottm@cs.ucla.edu>
To: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  (UMKC-Student)" <saq66@umkc.edu>
Cc: p2prg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
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On Thu, Aug 21, 2003 at 05:44:22AM -0500, Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  (UMKC-Student) wrote:
> delay is a *performance* pain.

It's not "a" but "THE" performance pain.

Also, "overloading" is ambiguous; is it functional or traffic overloading?
Functional overloading is quite true, there's a lot being stuffed into DNS
because it works well as a simple database query system that's very easy
to configure (and configure incorrectly.) Traffic overloading is a harder
case to make.

> >DNS is useful for bootstrapping. In P2P overlay construction, it allows us 
> >to get a list of initial candidates and iteratively or recursively building 
> >the overlay.
> [...]
> 
> > But I wouldn't jump to the contusion that a brand new P2P-based 
> > infrastructure for doing host name resolution just to add new 
> > features is necessary or desireable. 
> 
> agreed. But, their is more... Recently, we invest a lot in overlay networks.
> Since, backbone providers have no incentive to deploy stuff, researchers has
> started to consider Internet as a "black-box" and design informed overlay
> architectures at the application-level. After few years, we will have too
> many overlays - either host based (end point multicast etc) or 
> infrastructured (chord etc..) So, each of them will create a new name space 
> + indirection and depend on DNS for resolution/interaction between overlays.
> This is really a major burden on DNS, not to mention the fact that we have 
> done enough already (RFC 3467). Hence, it is very necessary to think about 
> new approaches to solve this problem.

I took your original point to mean "replace DNS", but here, you're arguing
that DNS needs augmenting, which I happen to agree with. Nonetheless, with
whatever overlays or overlay+infrastructures get used, there's still the
need to treat the peer network topology construction as an individual function.
Part of what you're proposing is using an overlay to bootstrap overlays
and the need for interoperation between overlays.

I'm not entirely convinced that semantically meaningless names solve much more
than sociopolitical problems, as the SFR page points out. If another layer of
name indirection is needed, there needs to be additional benefit. For example,
where do the mappings between a reference and an object get established for
random objects? Is there always a one-to-one mapping between an object and
its reference? What happens if the object changes, does the reference stay
the same or change? How do references move or become aliases for an original
reference?

> probably, we should move from DNS *lookup" to "search and update with
> crawlers". A half-baked solution might be google can store all bindings 
> and all local resolution can be re-directed to google for lookup. 

What happens when there is one name-to-many reference resolution? Consider
GRID workflow setup in which more than one available resource can satisfy
a stage in the workflow.


-scooter
to the same semantically free reference.

_______________________________________________
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To: Scott Michel <scottm@cs.ucla.edu>
CC: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student)" <saq66@umkc.edu>, p2prg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
References: <5EF7D95E17BDAD4A968C812E5ABC390BAA77B7@KC-MAIL4.kc.umkc.edu> <20030821174206.GA7141@mordred.cs.ucla.edu>
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I'm not sure I agree with all of this. DNS is not a mechanism for 
finding things other than addresses using symbolic names. This is 
clearly the case even with things like ENUM.

Searching is better left to other devices. While Google comes to mind it 
isn't the best mechanism for searching for communities of people or skills.

Chuck Wegrzyn


Scott Michel wrote:

>On Thu, Aug 21, 2003 at 05:44:22AM -0500, Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  (UMKC-Student) wrote:
>  
>
>>delay is a *performance* pain.
>>    
>>
>
>It's not "a" but "THE" performance pain.
>
>Also, "overloading" is ambiguous; is it functional or traffic overloading?
>Functional overloading is quite true, there's a lot being stuffed into DNS
>because it works well as a simple database query system that's very easy
>to configure (and configure incorrectly.) Traffic overloading is a harder
>case to make.
>
>  
>
>>>DNS is useful for bootstrapping. In P2P overlay construction, it allows us 
>>>to get a list of initial candidates and iteratively or recursively building 
>>>the overlay.
>>>      
>>>
>>[...]
>>
>>    
>>
>>>But I wouldn't jump to the contusion that a brand new P2P-based 
>>>infrastructure for doing host name resolution just to add new 
>>>features is necessary or desireable. 
>>>      
>>>
>>agreed. But, their is more... Recently, we invest a lot in overlay networks.
>>Since, backbone providers have no incentive to deploy stuff, researchers has
>>started to consider Internet as a "black-box" and design informed overlay
>>architectures at the application-level. After few years, we will have too
>>many overlays - either host based (end point multicast etc) or 
>>infrastructured (chord etc..) So, each of them will create a new name space 
>>+ indirection and depend on DNS for resolution/interaction between overlays.
>>This is really a major burden on DNS, not to mention the fact that we have 
>>done enough already (RFC 3467). Hence, it is very necessary to think about 
>>new approaches to solve this problem.
>>    
>>
>
>I took your original point to mean "replace DNS", but here, you're arguing
>that DNS needs augmenting, which I happen to agree with. Nonetheless, with
>whatever overlays or overlay+infrastructures get used, there's still the
>need to treat the peer network topology construction as an individual function.
>Part of what you're proposing is using an overlay to bootstrap overlays
>and the need for interoperation between overlays.
>
>I'm not entirely convinced that semantically meaningless names solve much more
>than sociopolitical problems, as the SFR page points out. If another layer of
>name indirection is needed, there needs to be additional benefit. For example,
>where do the mappings between a reference and an object get established for
>random objects? Is there always a one-to-one mapping between an object and
>its reference? What happens if the object changes, does the reference stay
>the same or change? How do references move or become aliases for an original
>reference?
>
>  
>
>>probably, we should move from DNS *lookup" to "search and update with
>>crawlers". A half-baked solution might be google can store all bindings 
>>and all local resolution can be re-directed to google for lookup. 
>>    
>>
>
>What happens when there is one name-to-many reference resolution? Consider
>GRID workflow setup in which more than one available resource can satisfy
>a stage in the workflow.
>
>
>-scooter
>to the same semantically free reference.
>
>_______________________________________________
>P2prg mailing list
>P2prg@irtf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg
>
>
>  
>


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Reply-To: <osokin@osokin.com>
From: "Serguei Osokine" <osokin@osokin.com>
To: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  \(UMKC-Student\)" <saq66@umkc.edu>,
        <p2prg@ietf.org>
Cc: <francis@cs.cornell.edu>
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2003 22:21:40 -0700
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On Saturday, August 16, 2003 Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar wrote:
> Back in 1980s, LH was proposed by Paul Francis for 
> self-configuring an ad-hoc network into a routing
> hierarchy.

	Do you know if the original landmark hierarchy
paper can be found anywhere on the net? All I seem to
find is references...

	Thanks -
	Oso.
	21 Aug 2003.


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Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2003 00:27:45 -0500
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>> Back in 1980s, LH was proposed by Paul Francis for=20
>> self-configuring an ad-hoc network into a routing
>> hierarchy.
>
>	Do you know if the original landmark hierarchy
>paper can be found anywhere on the net? All I seem to
>find is references...

search for "The Landmark Hierarchy: A New Hierarchy for
Routing in Very Large Networks" in google. You will get=20
copies from various networking course reading list.

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From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
In-reply-to: <3F456524.1020002@garbagedump.com>
To: "C. Wegrzyn" <wegrzyn@garbagedump.com>
Cc: Scott Michel <scottm@cs.ucla.edu>,
        "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar (UMKC-Student)"
 <saq66@umkc.edu>,
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I think that whatever is done with P2P in this way it needs to be 
capable of handling the ad-hoc publication/removal and lookup of 
information describing billions of peer nodes in the worst case 
scenario. What should this information be? What is necessary and 
sufficient as a description to permit p2p communication? Should we use 
an overlay that is independent of the underlying infrastructure, and 
thus can be inherently mobile, and permit NATS to be transparent to the 
application? Etc .... Should the overlay be hierarchical much like 
IP.V6 routing, and thus permit the localization of publication to 
appropriate levels in the hierarchy, and allow lookup to gracefully 
climb the hierarchy?

It could be that extensions of DNS are possible to handle these 
scenarios. I'm not sure.


On Thursday, August 21, 2003, at 05:34 PM, C. Wegrzyn wrote:

> I'm not sure I agree with all of this. DNS is not a mechanism for 
> finding things other than addresses using symbolic names. This is 
> clearly the case even with things like ENUM.
>
> Searching is better left to other devices. While Google comes to mind 
> it isn't the best mechanism for searching for communities of people or 
> skills.
>
> Chuck Wegrzyn
>
>
> Scott Michel wrote:


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Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
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It was originally published as:

P. F. Tsuchiya, "The landmark hierarchy: A new hierarchy for routing in very 
large networks," ACM Computer Communication Review, vol. 18, no. 4, August 1988.

Serguei Osokine wrote:

> On Saturday, August 16, 2003 Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar wrote:
> 
>>Back in 1980s, LH was proposed by Paul Francis for 
>>self-configuring an ad-hoc network into a routing
>>hierarchy.
> 
> 
> 	Do you know if the original landmark hierarchy
> paper can be found anywhere on the net? All I seem to
> find is references...
> 
> 	Thanks -
> 	Oso.
> 	21 Aug 2003.
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@irtf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg


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IIRC, the original paper wasn't proposing an ad hoc routing system (but it's 
been a while since I've looked at it.) Mario Gerla and his lab did some 
relatively recent research into landmark routing applied to ad hoc networks, 
with mixed results.

-scooter

Serguei Osokine wrote:

> On Saturday, August 16, 2003 Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar wrote:
> 
>>Back in 1980s, LH was proposed by Paul Francis for 
>>self-configuring an ad-hoc network into a routing
>>hierarchy.
> 
> 
> 	Do you know if the original landmark hierarchy
> paper can be found anywhere on the net? All I seem to
> find is references...
> 
> 	Thanks -
> 	Oso.
> 	21 Aug 2003.
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@irtf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg


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Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2003 21:01:32 -0700
From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] RE: DNS and P2P
In-reply-to: <5EF7D95E17BDAD4A968C812E5ABC390BAA77B7@KC-MAIL4.kc.umkc.edu>
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THis is a good point. If you look closely at DNS statistics, you will 
see it is THE bottle neck out there. We can gather URLs where this info 
is kept. I do like DHT and distributed content myself. See the work 
that is being done on Jxta by JPL to create a fully distributed P2P 
digital library with lots of redundancy.

ANother interesting project here (not on jxta but p2p) is LOCKSS by 
Dave Rosenthal. Here a reputation based trust system and voting is used 
to decide on what archived data is valid. Several large libraries are 
participating in this project to create redundant digital library 
archives. Right, a little off of the track ... It does not use DHT's 
but provides a mechanism to know which sources of indexed lookup info 
are to be believed.


On Thursday, August 21, 2003, at 03:44 AM, Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar 
(UMKC-Student) wrote:

> But, I was talking about *architectural*
> overload on the DNS system - which can be avoided using a P2P model.
> But, yes!!! It is way too ambitious...


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Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2003 21:08:09 -0700
From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Call For Papers: Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
In-reply-to: <y38brul6mdt.wl@cactus.isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp>
To: ydoi@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp
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Do you really believe this? I heard the same thing about network 
protocols in 1981. Many of us pushed very hard to make the then 
fledgling IP protocol the standard much to the dismay of DEC and XEROX 
(DECNet and XNS).  We all know where those two protocols ended up.   An 
open, IP standard took about 10 years to bury the others. There are 
many more that became extinct.

The below reminds me of most the the attempts to create protocol 
translating gateways. They have never led to anything long lived, and 
rarely is there a 1-1 mapping. Something is always lost.

I think the hypothesis for this workshop needs to be closely 
reexamined. That might make a good paper (-:

Arigato,

Bill

On Tuesday, August 19, 2003, at 08:25 PM, ydoi@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp 
wrote:

> Since no single peer-to-peer network can
>     serve universal purposes, functional decomposition among multiple
>     peer-to-peer networks has to occur as peer-to-peer internetworking
>     framework is defined.


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Reply-To: <osokin@osokin.com>
From: "Serguei Osokine" <osokin@osokin.com>
To: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  \(UMKC-Student\)" <saq66@umkc.edu>,
        <p2prg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [P2Prg] RE:MANETS and P2P
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On Thursday, August 21, 2003 Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar wrote:
> ...search for "The Landmark Hierarchy: A New Hierarchy for
> Routing in Very Large Networks" in google. You will get 
> copies from various networking course reading list.

	Got it - thank you!

	Now, what makes me wonder is why there's no word
about LANMAR on MANET WG site - looks like they had it
in mind at some point to move it into IRTF, but I cannot
find it in IRTF list, either.

	Which is kinda surprising given the scalability of
the LANMAR-related approaches - say, maybe it would make
sense to somehow integrate such MANET research into the
P2PRG efforts? These areas seem to be awfully closely
related - I can imagine quite a few uses for ad hoc
routing in the existing p2p systems, and other way 
around, too. For example, DHTs seem to be widely 
suggested for use in the landmark routing systems' 
designs.

	Best wishes -
	Oso.


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Subject: RE: [P2Prg]  Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
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>Do you really believe this?=20
[...]
>The below reminds me of most the the attempts to create protocol=20
>translating gateways. They have never led to anything long lived, and=20
>rarely is there a 1-1 mapping. Something is always lost.

 So, do you believe that a single underlay is going to serve all=20
purpose? A number of technologies which tried doing everything
ended up with no wide acceptance( e.g.. ATM - A Total Mess)=20
Lets just accept the fact that heterogeneity is present at all=20
angles. A lot of islands exist within IP itself (IPv4, Ipv6,
site-locals). Also, the local private networks sometimes seems=20
to be cellular networks (gprs etc), ad-hoc ( with 802.11.);wireless
networks need IP for remote connectivity. Then, we have developing=20
technologies like sensors and fiber-channels (Storage area networks).
Also, we need PSTN-IP interworking for voice.=20

  A single business model cannot satisfy the constraints of=20
all the network types.  Hence, my own opinion is, we can=20
either create primitives which help the interaction between
various islands ( e.g, jxta, Michel's FLAPPS can be extended
for such functions.) Else, specific inter-working (IWE) can
be done between domains(like IPNL- NAT extended architecture,=20
Cheriton's content routing, MANET and IP IWEing.) For IP=20
specific IWE, NATs and DNS are the possible extension victims.

 Imagine, a single universal identifiers for entities present
in different domains (IP, sensor, SAN etc.) Is that seems a
practical idea? How persistent those IDs will be... We are=20
stuck at naming level itself; a single routing and addressing=20
proposal seems not practical.

>> Since no single peer-to-peer network can serve universal purposes,=20
>> functional decomposition among multiple peer-to-peer networks has=20
>> to occur as peer-to-peer internetworking framework is defined.

 This seems to be IWE at the application level. It is nothing new; as =20
application folks has invested a lot into work-flow service composition. =

So, just replace "peer-to-peer network" with "application service"; you=20
can find a lot of vintage research works and even start ups. As major
market forces has started investing into web services, application=20
interworking and automated service composition is very essential.

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>	Now, what makes me wonder is why there's no word
>about LANMAR on MANET WG site - looks like they had it
>in mind at some point to move it into IRTF, but I cannot
>find it in IRTF list, either.
=20
 A lot of criteria goes in while standardizing a protocol
in IETF: representative implementations, operational=20
consideration, vendor support and relevance to practical=20
world. In that aspect, AODV/DSR/OLSR routing protocols=20
seems way ahead in MANET WG (although, the WG is bit
slow as no pressurizing market demand.) LANMAR is available
as individual submission.=20


>	Which is kinda surprising given the scalability of
>the LANMAR-related approaches - say, maybe it would make
>sense to somehow integrate such MANET research into the
>P2PRG efforts?=20

 Their is a sub-group within IRTF-RR (routing research
group) which is currently discussing MANET scalability=20
issues.

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Date: Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:28:01 +0100
From: Sean Bennett <sean@gbnet.net>
To: Patrick Kirk <patrick@kirks.net>
Cc: P2prg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [P2Prg] Control of Content in a P2P network
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Dear Sir,

You have my point exactly backwards.

It is you, these technologists, the IETF that I contend should not have the vote -
to override the will of a sovereign nation.

[You may argue that many nation states are undemocratic, monstrous, etc. and
I would happily agree with you]

That is, of course, not the point.

To abrogate the will of a nation or people - no matter how misguided we may
believe them to be (The USA's DMCA, The UK absurd secrecy laws, etc.)
by virtue of a technical solution is a political choice.

To make a political choice in a technical environment inherently disenfranchises
the people of all nations.

I also direct you to consider this phrase from the charter:

"...the group offers a forum for researchers to explore a broad range of fundamental P2P issues such as: ... security of P2P systems involving reputation-based trust for ad-hoc systems or more centralized, CA-like approaches"

I think that further discussion should be taken off the group.

	Yours, Sean Bennett



On Sat, Aug 16, 2003 at 07:47:04PM +0100, Patrick Kirk wrote:
> Sean Bennett wrote:
> I followed the link and frankly I'm shocked that I find attitides like 
> this being promoted in a technical mailing list.
> 
> Does that article really represent your views?  You are saying that 
> freedom is only for "Western" people and offering it to people in Saudi 
> Arabia is "cultural imperialism, with its stress on US values and free 
> trade."   Just in case some poor Westerner is caught in your little web 
> you say "Control (trusted 3rd parties, distributed approval , etc.) can 
> always be turned off for a given installation."
> 
> Sean, I suggest you not call ideas like this "humble opinions" - its not 
> humble at all.  Its the old "Them darkies just are not mature enough to 
> vote"  argument.  Even if you sincerely believe it, it still _stinks_.
> 
> Slightly off topic here but even as a non-American I must admit to 
> amusement at the arrogance of an author who descibes the USA as not 
> having  a legitimate government while defending the shenagigans of the 
> Saudi regime.  The sad truth is that the Saudi royal family has _no_ 
> interest in governing America. Apart from your friends in the House of 
> Saud, who are the dictators you feel Americans could aspire to be 
> governed by?  (Idi Amin is dead so you can't choose him).
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> P2prg mailing list
> P2prg@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg

-- 
Sean Bennett.
E Pluribus Unum

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From: Sean Bennett <sean@gbnet.net>
To: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  \(UMKC-Student\)" <saq66@umkc.edu>
Cc: p2prg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [P2Prg]  Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
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On Sat, Aug 23, 2003 at 12:26:16AM -0500, Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  (UMKC-Student) wrote:
> 
> >Do you really believe this? 
> [...]
> >The below reminds me of most the the attempts to create protocol 
> >translating gateways. They have never led to anything long lived, and 
> >rarely is there a 1-1 mapping. Something is always lost.
> 
>  So, do you believe that a single underlay is going to serve all 
> purpose? A number of technologies which tried doing everything
> ended up with no wide acceptance( e.g.. ATM - A Total Mess) 

Not to pick nits but ATM was bodged because the Telcos wanted very
different functionality from that what the computer industry required.

The reason that mattered is that at the time all the chip foundries refused
to fab masks (and hence chips) for a non-agreed standard.

So we got the mutant that is ATM. Nowa days we tend not to see ATM networks
because it just is pants for LAN work.

But look at your (A)DSL modem - odds are good it is talking ATM-25 running
Ethernet on-top of that. (well in the UK for sure)

So I completely agree that ATM is a bodge - but that it is for a variety of
reasons :)

> Lets just accept the fact that heterogeneity is present at all 
> angles. A lot of islands exist within IP itself (IPv4, Ipv6,
> site-locals).

But surely that is because IP has few _policy_ based constraints?
i.e. the islands are created because the protocol lacks that capacity?

(and when one transitions from one protocol to another 4->6 one must create
islands)

> Also, the local private networks sometimes seems 
> to be cellular networks (gprs etc), ad-hoc ( with 802.11.);wireless
> networks need IP for remote connectivity. Then, we have developing 
> technologies like sensors and fiber-channels (Storage area networks).
> Also, we need PSTN-IP interworking for voice. 

All of these talk common protocols at various points in the stack - after all
you don't really care how the packet is delivered - this is the nature of
an internetwork.

>   A single business model cannot satisfy the constraints of 
> all the network types. 

But Why should it?

Surley any bushiness model is about providing a service or a product in a way
that people will wish to pay for.

After all an IETF blessed P2P system that all computers in the world connect to
as they start up - or open a browser etc. has no 'value'.

Selling access to the global P2P system would have value.

Providing chargeable content would have value. So would approved indexing and
authoritative checking services. (i.e. 'The FT says this document is accurate - that will be 0.05 pence please')

I think that you are still thinking in terms of Napster/kaza bushiness models.

If I understand correctly the goal of this group is to render such systems
valueless and allow the construction of the next generation  - the Amazons, the
WalMarts, etc.

>  Imagine, a single universal identifiers for entities present
> in different domains (IP, sensor, SAN etc.) Is that seems a
> practical idea? How persistent those IDs will be... We are 
> stuck at naming level itself; a single routing and addressing 
> proposal seems not practical.

A P2P system would involve the distribution of data. Otherwise a physical
object (this disk here) could not be distributed. Likewise with any physical
object. A Peer - to - Peer system is asymmetric when one Peer has significantly
different resources to other nodes.

Consider this (highly contrived) example:

My home computer has an outside temperature sensor.

As a public service I load the read out of that sensor into the P2P network.
The data holds who I am, the time of the reading, the location, the reading itself and it may included various references to how trustworthy I am - the
Met Office (the UK weather service) etc.

Whereas only my computer can load my copy of the temperature there is no
requirement to identify the sensor to the P2P network. In fact I could not
reference who I am at all. And be the 'reliable Cambridge weather station'
relying on my references from trusted 3rd parties.

I agree completely that a name space problem exists I would contend that
it lies in how to manage the data in any P2P network that is created rather
than in devices and sensors attached to it.

	Yours, Sean

-- 
Sean Bennett.
E Pluribus Unum

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Date: Sat, 23 Aug 2003 22:18:45 -0700
From: Bill Yeager <William.Yeager@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg]  Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
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To: "Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar  (UMKC-Student)" <saq66@umkc.edu>
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I do think that a single overlay can serve all. And, I am not being 
naive. The point of an overlay is that it hides the bearer networks, 
ie, is bearer network neutral. The underlying software that supports 
the overlay has the smarts to deal with any bearer network, and in a 
sense mediates bearer network differences.

Unfortunately, here I contradict myself a little. I know of translating 
peer rendezvous between bluetooth and TCP/IP, and they are very close 
to being able to merge a bluetooth network with the Internet on Jxta. 
The BT peers don't even know they are peers.

Also, there are already many examples that traverse 802.11a/b/g, 
cellular networks, satellite networks, ATM, sensor networks, mobile 
robots, etc ... using something as simple as the Jxta universal UUIDs. 
I don't believe these ID's are sufficient, and think a better routing 
model is needed if on has an Internet P2P network.

Lots of work needs to go into rdvs to make this happen, and in some 
case, as I say, protocol translation is necessary. The IP.v4/V6 problem 
is easily handled by the way.

There will also be ways to parition the overlay network into 
collections of peerNodes that wish to be virtual islands onto 
themselves within the overlay. Jxta calls these peerGroups. I call them 
connected communities.

I really envision a time when IP.v6 addresses can be used as UUIDs on 
such an overlay. That is a few years away, but I like to target a 
future where there is UUID consistency. There will always be rough 
edges but we should target smoothing these edges and encourage an 
evolution to a pretty much P2P Internet that makes life a lot easier 
for all of us who want to write applications across this space.

Bill

On Friday, August 22, 2003, at 10:26 PM, Ayyasamy, Senthilkumar 
(UMKC-Student) wrote:

>  So, do you believe that a single underlay is going to serve all
> purpose? A number of technologies which tried doing everything
> ended up with no wide acceptance( e.g.. ATM - A Total Mess)
> Lets just accept the fact that heterogeneity is present at all
> angles. A lot of islands exist within IP itself (IPv4, Ipv6,
> site-locals). Also, the local private networks sometimes seems
> to be cellular networks (gprs etc), ad-hoc ( with 802.11.);wireless
> networks need IP for remote connectivity. Then, we have developing
> technologies like sensors and fiber-channels (Storage area networks).
> Also, we need PSTN-IP interworking for voice.


_______________________________________________
P2prg mailing list
P2prg@irtf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/p2prg



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From: Miles Sabin <miles@milessabin.com>
To: p2prg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [P2Prg]  Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
Date: Sun, 24 Aug 2003 20:28:12 +0100
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Bill Yeager wrote,
> I do think that a single overlay can serve all. And, I am not being
> naive. The point of an overlay is that it hides the bearer networks,
> ie, is bearer network neutral. The underlying software that supports
> the overlay has the smarts to deal with any bearer network, and in a
> sense mediates bearer network differences.

I think this is confusing two quite distinct kinds of heterogeneity: of 
the substrate networks; and of the overlay networks themselves.

Eliminating the first kind of heterogeneity is a non-starter. It's 
unreasonable to expect every peer to be able to deal with _any_ 
possible subtrate network ... lightweight peers for constrained devices 
should only have to be able to cope with the substrates they care about 
(eg. your Bluetooth example).

I also think that trying to eliminate the second kind of heterogeneity 
from the outset would be unwise. It would imply that we believe that 
one size fits all ... and that's _far_ from clear right now.

Your nod in the direction of JXTA PeerGroups is reasonable, but there's 
a fundamental difference between on the one hand starting from a single 
unifying network and slicing downwards to obtain scoping, and on the 
other starting from multiple, possibly application-specific networks 
and bridging. While I see the merits of the top-down approach, I also 
see the costs: reaching agreement on a single overarching model is 
likely to be painful and long-winded and unlikely to result in anything 
particularly palatable unless it's scope is so severely limited that it 
doesn't address issues much beyond those of, eg. IP. Which means that 
we'd be setting up a future WG either for interminable wrangling over 
something elaborate, or the redundancy of trying to produce yet another 
protocol of the same order as IP/TCP/HTTP to sit alongside all the 
others.

I think that starting with an enumeration of more abstract services that 
peers might call on is a more useful starting point than preempting a 
future WG by arguing the pros and cons of particular styles of overlay. 
If nothing else, it'll probably turn out that different types of 
service have very different requirements of an overlay, so leaving the 
possiblity of multiple service-specific overlays (perhaps with nothing 
much in common apart from the fact that they sit on top of the same 
substrate(s)) seems like a good option.

Cheers,


Miles

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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Michael=20Rogers?= <mdotrogers@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [P2Prg]  Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
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> Eliminating the first kind of heterogeneity is a non-starter. It's 
> unreasonable to expect every peer to be able to deal with _any_ 
> possible subtrate network

I don't think anyone's suggesting that - the idea is to provide a uniform
interface on top of every substrate, not a single implementation that works
on any substrate.

> ... lightweight peers for constrained devices 
> should only have to be able to cope with the substrates they care about 
> (eg. your Bluetooth example).

I agree. But IDs should nevertheless be substrate-independent so that, eg
Bluetooth peers can talk to 802.11 peers via a suitable gateway, without
either end needing to know what substrate the other is using.

> reaching agreement on a single overarching model is 
> likely to be painful and long-winded and unlikely to result in anything 
> particularly palatable unless it's scope is so severely limited that it 
> doesn't address issues much beyond those of, eg. IP.

What's wrong with that? I think it would be very useful to have "an IP for
peer-to-peer": ie, an unreliable datagram protocol which did not require
centralized management of the address space or central trusted authorities
for authentication.

That's why I believe IDs for any "p2p internet" should be self-certifying, eg
cryptographic hashes of public keys. The disadvantage of course is that
cryptographic hashes don't contain any location information, so the network
would also need a name service mapping IDs to (signed) location information.


Michael


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Bill,

Youki has already responded so I just add my point of view.
Let's consider this three-layer model.

+-------------+
| Applications|
+-------------+
       |
+-------------+
|   Overlay   |
+-------------+
       |
+-------------+
| Bare Network|
+-------------+

Your point as I see stands there's many `bare network' in the world,
and overlay unites them. My point is, `bare network' just let the
message from end to end, and overlay supports name/id/route function
per-application base. So, my view is like the following.

+-------------++-------------+
| Applications|| Applications|
+-------------++-------------+
       |              |     <- loosely coupled
+-------------++-------------+
|   Overlay   ||   Overlay   |
+-------------++-------------+
       |              |
     --+--------------+---   <- Decoupled.
       |
+-------------+
| Bare Network|
+-------------+

=46rom this standing point, I have keen interests on overlay network
interconnection. This issue extends to version-up problem of overlay
network. Version 1 and 2 of overlay protocol X would be considered
as overlay X1 and X2. Thus, we need to interconnect them first to make
smooth migration.

Is the points clear?

Yusuke

At Fri, 22 Aug 2003 21:08:09 -0700,
Bill Yeager wrote:
> =

> Do you really believe this? I heard the same thing about network =

> protocols in 1981. Many of us pushed very hard to make the then =

> fledgling IP protocol the standard much to the dismay of DEC and XEROX =

> (DECNet and XNS).  We all know where those two protocols ended up.   An=
 =

> open, IP standard took about 10 years to bury the others. There are =

> many more that became extinct.
> =

> The below reminds me of most the the attempts to create protocol =

> translating gateways. They have never led to anything long lived, and =

> rarely is there a 1-1 mapping. Something is always lost.
> =

> I think the hypothesis for this workshop needs to be closely =

> reexamined. That might make a good paper (-:
> =

> Arigato,
> =

> Bill

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