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Date: Mon, 04 Mar 2013 16:46:37 +0100
From: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>
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To: Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com>
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Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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Hi,

> This depends on specific properties of the EAP method being used.  It w=
ould
> not be true for a simple user name/password EAP method.   I don't know =
that
> there is anything that would prevent a man-in-the-middle attack from
> occurring in this situation would might result in leaked credentials an=
d no
> failure for the EAP peer to know about.
>=20
> See Sam's draft in the EMU WG for more details.

We (eduroam) require EAP methods capable of mutual authentication
(typically by the EAP server presenting a server certificate) and
require users to validate the server-side identity. It is well possible
that some users neglect to configure the proper checks, and yes, these
would be fooled into connecting to a different EAP server than expect.
It is though, to a very large extent, their own fault then.

But this is a bit of side-track issue not terribly relevant for the spec.=


>> That is a decision for a deployer of the algorithm to make though: the=

>> security considerations say that it's only safe with DNSSEC - which is=

> true;
>> every deployer is free to draw his own consequences from that.
>=20
> Given the presence of the second sentence in the paragraph that is not =
a
> statement that I heard from the Security Considerations.

Okay, I've made it more explicit in my current working copy:

3.  Security Considerations

   The results from the execution of this algorithm are only trustworthy
   if each of the lookup steps by the name resolution library were
   cryptographically secured; i.e.  if DNSSEC validation was turned on
   during the resolution AND all of the records were in a DNSSEC signed
   zone AND validation of all those records was successful.

>> We've investigated the opportunities of DANE and it seems much rather
>> like: DANE ignores the possibility that TLS handshakes can be mutual.
>> Which is a bummer for things like RADIUS/TLS which /require/ mutual au=
th.
>=20
> I don't know that I agree with this.  A very simple way to use DANE for=
 this
> would be
>=20
> Server gets client certificate
> Server extracts client DNS name from certificate
> Server does a TLSA lookup on the client DNS name and sees if it matches=
 the
> certificate given per DANE rules
>=20
> Assuming that we are looking a this being a generic proxy, that informa=
tion
> is going to be in the DNS for lookups back.

Sure; it's not rocket science to specify this. It just hasn't been done;
and I would find it undue for this document to invent something on its
own. The proper place for such work would IMHO be in DANE for the
generic use of TLS client authentication. It would be easy to refer to
such a spec and make it a suggested way of verifying TLS keys.

I've added the following text to my working copy' Security Consideration
to make all this spelt out explicitly:

   The use of DNSSEC allows to verify TLS keys inside the DNS using
   DANE.  It is in principle possible to use DANE and TLSA records to
   verify the authenticity, and possibly the authorisation of, a
   discovered RADIUS server by the RADIUS client which executed the
   algorithm.  However, RADIUS/TLS and RADIUS/DTLS require mutual
   authentication; i.e.  the RADIUS client's authenticity and
   authorisation are also verified by the RADIUS server as the client
   establishes the TLS connection.  The DANE specification does not
   currently include a mechanism regarding the validation of a TLS
   credential of a client as it connects to a server (there is not per
   se a DNS label for which to do TLSA lookups).  This makes DANE in its
   current state unsuitable for TLS connections discovered with the
   algorithm in this specification.  If client authentication gets
   covered by future DANE extensions, this situation may change.

> However I was really only looking at the use of DANE in the same forwar=
d
> direction that you are doing the discovery.  This means that the mutual=
 auth
> question is an interesting one and should be discussed as a reason for
> perhaps not using the DANE work.

It is actually quite promising - but client verification being
underspecified currently makes it incomplete. I'll very gladly look at
things again when there is a TLS client verification spec!

>> I'd say: unless ABFAB people want to have text about the dynamic
>> negotiation of TLS-PSK keying material with this algorithm (some ABFAB=
s
> are
>> known to read the radext list :-) ), I'd feel inclined to write that P=
SK
> cipher
>> suites are not appropriate for use with DNS-based dynamic discovery.
>=20
> Given that ABFAB is basically doing a completely different dynamic
> negotiation, I would be inclined to state that don't use PSK is a reaso=
nable
> position.

Good! I've deleted the mention of TLS-PSK from the security
considerations; and clarified the dangers of not using DNSSEC:

   When using DNS without DNSSEC security extensions for at least one of
   the replies to NAPTR, SRV and A/AAAA requests as described in section
   Section 2, the resulting set O can not be trusted.  RADIUS transports
   have an out-of-DNS-band means to verify that the discovery attempt
   led to the intended target: certificate verification using a PKI.  If
   the result set from DNS discovery is not trusted, deployments need to
   take sufficient care to verify during the TLS session establishment
   that they communicate with a peer they expect and deem authorised for
   RADIUS datagram exchange in their roaming environment.

(The last sentence is a cliffhanger to add MTI text how to do this,
depending on the outcome of the other discussion in the thread with Sam)

Greetings,

Stefan

>=20
> Jim
>=20
>>
>> Greetings,
>>
>> Stefan Winter
>>
>> --
>> Stefan WINTER
>> Ingenieur de Recherche
>> Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education Natio=
nale et de
>> la Recherche 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
>> L-1359 Luxembourg
>>
>> Tel: +352 424409 1
>> Fax: +352 422473
>=20
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar  4 07:55:55 2013
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To: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>
References: <065.a122826c6d7c009295065142646863ee@trac.tools.ietf.org> <512E23F3.3000307@restena.lu> <026f01ce152a$f24ceb20$d6e6c160$@augustcellars.com> <5134C1DD.1020204@restena.lu>
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In-Reply-To: <5134C1DD.1020204@restena.lu> (Stefan Winter's message of "Mon, 04 Mar 2013 16:46:37 +0100")
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Cc: radext@ietf.org, Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com>
Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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This is experimental, right?  I'm trying to figure out how loud to
grumble about the lack of a MTI certificate validation approach.

From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Mon Mar  4 08:05:00 2013
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Date: Mon, 04 Mar 2013 17:04:54 +0100
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Hi,

> I strongly favor the first.  I agree that it means that you need to hav=
e
> a field in the cert that contains the realm's name.
> There are fairly obvious ways this can be done in a SAN.
> RFc 4985 is an example of how microsoft does this.
> My concern with the dnssec approach is that while it's easy to specify,=

>=20
> I'm concerned that dnssec APIs are not widely available enough at
> userspace levels outside the resolver that I'd have confidence
> radsecproxy or freeradius or other radsec implementations could actuall=
y
> implement dnssec validation in the radius proxy right now.

That's a reasonable concern to have, IMHO. I'd usually agree that the
use of a SAN is a safer bet right now. Unfortunately, we've burnt our
fingers on that one in eduroam already, so I'm somewhat reluctant to go
down that path. Here's the war story.

In an early beta deployment, we also considered the exact mention of the
realm name the only safe thing to do. We used SAN:URI and filled it with
a URN which contained the realm name (that is probably not the most
obvious nor practicable way of doing things, but ... well.. it was an
early beta).

One of the things which are troublesome about this is that we found that
even with dynamic discovery, proxies continued to exist: for most
eduroam IdP's, operation of their own RADIUS/TLS enabled server, caring
to get issued certificates, checking revocation and so on, was seen as
too complex. Instead, they put the first-level aggregation server into
DNS (with their agreement) to catch all their traffic and use normal
RADIUS "routing tables" for the last hop to the actual IdP.

That reduced the number of servers who needed to be "in the know" about
dynamic discovery, and made the whole thing much more easily manageable.
Except that all of a sudden, a RADIUS/TLS endpoint served hundreds of
RADIUS NAI realms. With each realm required to be in the cert, the cert
needs to changed whenever a new realm gets added or deleted. It also
needs to remain in sync in near real-time with what the individual IdPs
put into their DNS.

This makes the whole dynamic discovery model a lot less self-service;
there is always a CA operation involved.

Our model of reverting to a generic "eligible eduroam IdP" (read as:
"... or proxy for an eligible eduroam IdP") restored the self-service
capabilities for the individual IdPs; they could add NAPTRs for their
NAI realm at any time, and no changes on the certificates would be
needed any more.

I'm afraid that manageability issues will prevent the SAN approach from
scaling to large consortia if any kind of aggregation is in use.

Maybe if the SAN could include wildcards things would look better; an
aggregation proxy could be given a cert for "*.lu and foo.net" for exampl=
e.

This, however, defeats the purpose of impersonation prevention because
then that server could take the place of all .lu NAI realms, even if
some of those want to handle their own business themselves.

So... there's pros and cons. I wonder what you think of the reservations
above.

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Mon Mar  4 08:05:46 2013
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Hi,

> This is experimental, right?  I'm trying to figure out how loud to
> grumble about the lack of a MTI certificate validation approach.

Correct.

Stefan

> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar  4 08:10:20 2013
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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>
To: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>
References: <065.a122826c6d7c009295065142646863ee@trac.tools.ietf.org> <512E23F3.3000307@restena.lu> <tslip5dn5jb.fsf@mit.edu> <512E2846.5090702@restena.lu> <tsl621dn4gq.fsf@mit.edu> <5134C626.7090408@restena.lu>
Date: Mon, 04 Mar 2013 11:10:12 -0500
In-Reply-To: <5134C626.7090408@restena.lu> (Stefan Winter's message of "Mon, 04 Mar 2013 17:04:54 +0100")
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Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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>>>>> "Stefan" == Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu> writes:



I'm missing something here.  I'm not arguing that eduroam should use
certificate validation. I'm simply arguing that there should be a MTI
certificate validation strategy.  We're documenting a generic mechanism
here, not eduroam practice, right?  I agree we want eduroam to comply
with the spec, but an MTI security mechanism you choose not to use in
your enviroment doesn't violate the spec.

--Sam

From ietf@augustcellars.com  Mon Mar  4 18:08:20 2013
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From: "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com>
To: "'Stefan Winter'" <stefan.winter@restena.lu>, <radext@ietf.org>
References: <065.a122826c6d7c009295065142646863ee@trac.tools.ietf.org>	<512E23F3.3000307@restena.lu> <tslip5dn5jb.fsf@mit.edu>	<512E2846.5090702@restena.lu> <tsl621dn4gq.fsf@mit.edu> <5134C626.7090408@restena.lu>
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Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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Stefan,

Did you consider the use of SNI as part of your solution?  This would =
allow
for the use a different certificates for each thing you proxy and thus =
would
reduce the need to re-issue certificates.  The only thing that would be
needed is to add a new certificate for each new proxied realm

Jim


> -----Original Message-----
> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On =
Behalf
> Of Stefan Winter
> Sent: Monday, March 04, 2013 11:05 AM
> To: radext@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
>=20
> Hi,
>=20
> > I strongly favor the first.  I agree that it means that you need to
> > have a field in the cert that contains the realm's name.
> > There are fairly obvious ways this can be done in a SAN.
> > RFc 4985 is an example of how microsoft does this.
> > My concern with the dnssec approach is that while it's easy to
> > specify,
> >
> > I'm concerned that dnssec APIs are not widely available enough at
> > userspace levels outside the resolver that I'd have confidence
> > radsecproxy or freeradius or other radsec implementations could
> > actually implement dnssec validation in the radius proxy right now.
>=20
> That's a reasonable concern to have, IMHO. I'd usually agree that the =
use
of a
> SAN is a safer bet right now. Unfortunately, we've burnt our fingers =
on
that
> one in eduroam already, so I'm somewhat reluctant to go down that =
path.
> Here's the war story.
>=20
> In an early beta deployment, we also considered the exact mention of =
the
> realm name the only safe thing to do. We used SAN:URI and filled it =
with a
> URN which contained the realm name (that is probably not the most =
obvious
> nor practicable way of doing things, but ... well.. it was an early =
beta).
>=20
> One of the things which are troublesome about this is that we found =
that
> even with dynamic discovery, proxies continued to exist: for most =
eduroam
> IdP's, operation of their own RADIUS/TLS enabled server, caring to get
issued
> certificates, checking revocation and so on, was seen as too complex.
> Instead, they put the first-level aggregation server into DNS (with =
their
> agreement) to catch all their traffic and use normal RADIUS "routing
tables"
> for the last hop to the actual IdP.
>=20
> That reduced the number of servers who needed to be "in the know" =
about
> dynamic discovery, and made the whole thing much more easily
> manageable.
> Except that all of a sudden, a RADIUS/TLS endpoint served hundreds of
> RADIUS NAI realms. With each realm required to be in the cert, the =
cert
> needs to changed whenever a new realm gets added or deleted. It also
> needs to remain in sync in near real-time with what the individual =
IdPs
put
> into their DNS.
>=20
> This makes the whole dynamic discovery model a lot less self-service;
there is
> always a CA operation involved.
>=20
> Our model of reverting to a generic "eligible eduroam IdP" (read as:
> "... or proxy for an eligible eduroam IdP") restored the self-service
> capabilities for the individual IdPs; they could add NAPTRs for their =
NAI
realm
> at any time, and no changes on the certificates would be needed any =
more.
>=20
> I'm afraid that manageability issues will prevent the SAN approach =
from
> scaling to large consortia if any kind of aggregation is in use.
>=20
> Maybe if the SAN could include wildcards things would look better; an
> aggregation proxy could be given a cert for "*.lu and foo.net" for
example.
>=20
> This, however, defeats the purpose of impersonation prevention because
> then that server could take the place of all .lu NAI realms, even if =
some
of
> those want to handle their own business themselves.
>=20
> So... there's pros and cons. I wonder what you think of the =
reservations
> above.
>=20
> Greetings,
>=20
> Stefan Winter
>=20
> --
> Stefan WINTER
> Ingenieur de Recherche
> Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education =
Nationale et de
> la Recherche 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
> L-1359 Luxembourg
>=20
> Tel: +352 424409 1
> Fax: +352 422473



From ietf@augustcellars.com  Mon Mar  4 18:08:50 2013
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From: "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com>
To: "'Sam Hartman'" <hartmans@painless-security.com>, "'Stefan Winter'" <stefan.winter@restena.lu>
References: <065.a122826c6d7c009295065142646863ee@trac.tools.ietf.org>	<512E23F3.3000307@restena.lu> <tslip5dn5jb.fsf@mit.edu>	<512E2846.5090702@restena.lu> <tsl621dn4gq.fsf@mit.edu>	<5134C626.7090408@restena.lu> <tslk3pnno2j.fsf@mit.edu>
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Hear Hear!!!!!
Jim


> -----Original Message-----
> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
> Of Sam Hartman
> Sent: Monday, March 04, 2013 11:10 AM
> To: Stefan Winter
> Cc: radext@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
> 
> >>>>> "Stefan" == Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu> writes:
> 
> 
> 
> I'm missing something here.  I'm not arguing that eduroam should use
> certificate validation. I'm simply arguing that there should be a MTI
certificate
> validation strategy.  We're documenting a generic mechanism here, not
> eduroam practice, right?  I agree we want eduroam to comply with the spec,
> but an MTI security mechanism you choose not to use in your enviroment
> doesn't violate the spec.
> 
> --Sam
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


From jouni.nospam@gmail.com  Mon Mar  4 21:02:06 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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I would encourage sparing few words for a MTI certificate validation =
strategy.

- Jouni


On Mar 4, 2013, at 6:10 PM, Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com> =
wrote:

>>>>>> "Stefan" =3D=3D Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu> writes:
>=20
>=20
>=20
> I'm missing something here.  I'm not arguing that eduroam should use
> certificate validation. I'm simply arguing that there should be a MTI
> certificate validation strategy.  We're documenting a generic =
mechanism
> here, not eduroam practice, right?  I agree we want eduroam to comply
> with the spec, but an MTI security mechanism you choose not to use in
> your enviroment doesn't violate the spec.
>=20
> --Sam
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


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Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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Hi,

> Did you consider the use of SNI as part of your solution?  This would a=
llow
> for the use a different certificates for each thing you proxy and thus =
would
> reduce the need to re-issue certificates.  The only thing that would be=

> needed is to add a new certificate for each new proxied realm

Back in the day: no :-)

But looking at SNI now sure looks somewhat promising. It's not a clear
winner though:

SNI as per the current RFC6066 definition includes only DNS hostnames.

The discovery algorithm in this draft will at some point end up at a
host which is responsible for a realm - but that does not mean this
hosts' DNS name is identical to the realm that was being queried. If ID
management is outsourced, the realm and the hostname can be completely
unrelated.

In a "dream world" where SNI would allow SAN:othername as an indication,
this might work pretty well though. It could combine Sam's
"SAN:othername realm=3Dwhatever " construct and combine it with a
client-side hint in SNI: please show me a certificate with this
SAN:othername included.

This would nicely bond together the realm, and the verification that the
discovered server is authorised for that particular realm (disregarding
the DNS host name).

As you correctly point out, this would *still* be less than practical in
a large-scale deployment, where an aggregation proxy would need to be
issued "hundreds" of certificates by a CA, but it would at least in
principle be a rather clean approach.

That said, the only way to get other names besides DNS names into SNI
would be by updating RFC6066. Certainly not impossible, but a big caliber=
=2E

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

> Jim
>=20
>=20
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Beha=
lf
>> Of Stefan Winter
>> Sent: Monday, March 04, 2013 11:05 AM
>> To: radext@ietf.org
>> Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
>>
>> Hi,
>>
>>> I strongly favor the first.  I agree that it means that you need to
>>> have a field in the cert that contains the realm's name.
>>> There are fairly obvious ways this can be done in a SAN.
>>> RFc 4985 is an example of how microsoft does this.
>>> My concern with the dnssec approach is that while it's easy to
>>> specify,
>>>
>>> I'm concerned that dnssec APIs are not widely available enough at
>>> userspace levels outside the resolver that I'd have confidence
>>> radsecproxy or freeradius or other radsec implementations could
>>> actually implement dnssec validation in the radius proxy right now.
>>
>> That's a reasonable concern to have, IMHO. I'd usually agree that the =
use
> of a
>> SAN is a safer bet right now. Unfortunately, we've burnt our fingers o=
n
> that
>> one in eduroam already, so I'm somewhat reluctant to go down that path=
=2E
>> Here's the war story.
>>
>> In an early beta deployment, we also considered the exact mention of t=
he
>> realm name the only safe thing to do. We used SAN:URI and filled it wi=
th a
>> URN which contained the realm name (that is probably not the most obvi=
ous
>> nor practicable way of doing things, but ... well.. it was an early be=
ta).
>>
>> One of the things which are troublesome about this is that we found th=
at
>> even with dynamic discovery, proxies continued to exist: for most edur=
oam
>> IdP's, operation of their own RADIUS/TLS enabled server, caring to get=

> issued
>> certificates, checking revocation and so on, was seen as too complex.
>> Instead, they put the first-level aggregation server into DNS (with th=
eir
>> agreement) to catch all their traffic and use normal RADIUS "routing
> tables"
>> for the last hop to the actual IdP.
>>
>> That reduced the number of servers who needed to be "in the know" abou=
t
>> dynamic discovery, and made the whole thing much more easily
>> manageable.
>> Except that all of a sudden, a RADIUS/TLS endpoint served hundreds of
>> RADIUS NAI realms. With each realm required to be in the cert, the cer=
t
>> needs to changed whenever a new realm gets added or deleted. It also
>> needs to remain in sync in near real-time with what the individual IdP=
s
> put
>> into their DNS.
>>
>> This makes the whole dynamic discovery model a lot less self-service;
> there is
>> always a CA operation involved.
>>
>> Our model of reverting to a generic "eligible eduroam IdP" (read as:
>> "... or proxy for an eligible eduroam IdP") restored the self-service
>> capabilities for the individual IdPs; they could add NAPTRs for their =
NAI
> realm
>> at any time, and no changes on the certificates would be needed any mo=
re.
>>
>> I'm afraid that manageability issues will prevent the SAN approach fro=
m
>> scaling to large consortia if any kind of aggregation is in use.
>>
>> Maybe if the SAN could include wildcards things would look better; an
>> aggregation proxy could be given a cert for "*.lu and foo.net" for
> example.
>>
>> This, however, defeats the purpose of impersonation prevention because=

>> then that server could take the place of all .lu NAI realms, even if s=
ome
> of
>> those want to handle their own business themselves.
>>
>> So... there's pros and cons. I wonder what you think of the reservatio=
ns
>> above.
>>
>> Greetings,
>>
>> Stefan Winter
>>
>> --
>> Stefan WINTER
>> Ingenieur de Recherche
>> Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education Natio=
nale et de
>> la Recherche 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
>> L-1359 Luxembourg
>>
>> Tel: +352 424409 1
>> Fax: +352 422473
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Wed Mar  6 04:38:44 2013
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Date: Wed, 06 Mar 2013 13:38:43 +0100
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Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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Hi,

> I'm missing something here.  I'm not arguing that eduroam should use
> certificate validation. I'm simply arguing that there should be a MTI
> certificate validation strategy.  We're documenting a generic mechanism=

> here, not eduroam practice, right?  I agree we want eduroam to comply
> with the spec, but an MTI security mechanism you choose not to use in
> your enviroment doesn't violate the spec.

My issue is not that the MTI mechanism would not be identical to what
eduroam does; far from it.

My issue is that this particular mechanism is known to have scalability
issues by practical experimentation. Of course we could make it MTI
anyway. The consequence might well be that we require code in conforming
servers that is later "never" used because its practical implications
are clumsy.

That would be "specifying MTI for MTI's sake" - without much real value
in the real world, and code being written for no reason other than to
comply with the "law". I don't really like that situation.

Of course our scalability problems could be entirely homemade and not
applicable to the rest of the world, and every other deployer will find
the MTI mechanism as sketched perfectly fine, and the implementation
code will be put to good use.

Then I'd have no issues with specifying this; eduroam would simply be
doing its own thing anyway. It's just that I'm not really convinced that
this is the case.

Greetings,

Stefan

--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From hartmans@painless-security.com  Wed Mar  6 04:53:00 2013
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To: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>
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Subject: Re: [radext] #148: Review of dynamic-discovery by Jim Schaad
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I consider the lack of a MTI validation mechanism (cert or otherwise)
that's credible a fatal flaw for standards-track.  I prefer this spec
have a MTI cert validation mechanism, but would rather see it published
without than not published.

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Wed Mar  6 09:39:39 2013
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To: abfab@ietf.org, radext@ietf.org, saag@ietf.org
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Subject: [radext] Trust Router BAR BOF at IETF 86: Thursday at 1130
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The ABFAB working group has been busy at work describing a federated identity
and access management model that enables federated identity for a wide variety
of use cases and applications; this work is currently drawing to a close.

However, one of the typical problems in the federated world - and a problem
that any ABFAB implementations needs to address - is managing the scaling of
number of partners involved in the federation (this is because configuration
changes need to be made at all interested partners when new entities join).
Existing federation technologies attempt to solve this problem in a variety of
ways (e.g. SAML metadata, hierarchical RADIUS federations) but each has their
own unique disadvantages. A much more elegant, flexible, and extensible way to
achieve the same goals would be beneficial - especially for when scaling up to
the potential number of entities in a community of ABFAB-enabled partners.

Alongside this, operationally, there is also a need to separate the
authentication process from the creation of a new partnership across a set of
federated entities - so as to allow existing credentials to be used for new
communities of users with minimal operation and infrastructure costs. This is
crucial in driving adoption of federated technologies on a wide scale, and in
reducing the cost of operating and being a part of federation on such a wide
scale.

Trust Router is an attempt to build an infrastructure that solves these - and
other - problems (see the full problem statement for more details).
Essentially, trust Router works by distributing information about new and
existing trust relationships across a network of entities. It achieves this
distribution using protocols with many similarities to existing routing
protocols, and avoids any requirement for technologies such as PKI. The broad
applicability of a general infrastructure for routing trust information between
arbitrary entities and allowing them to communicate securely means that this is
potentially quite an exciting topic, and one ripe for standardisation.

Come join us to talk all about trust and trust routing at our Bar BOF - to be
held on Thursday March 14th @ 11:30AM, located in Caribbean 7.

Documents to read:
* Trust Router problem statement - http://tools.ietf.org/html/
draft-howlett-abfab-trust-router-ps-02
* ABFAB Architecture document - http://tools.ietf.org/html/
draft-ietf-abfab-arch-05
* Trust router protocol overview -
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mrw-abfab-trust-router-02.txt

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Wed Mar  6 09:46:01 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] [abfab] Trust Router BAR BOF at IETF 86: Thursday at 1130
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>>>>> "Klaas" == Klaas Wierenga (kwiereng) <kwiereng@cisco.com> writes:

    Klaas> Sam, How does this relate to the trust router slot in Routing
    Klaas> Area Open Meeting?

we're going to introduce the topic and try and get routing folks to go
to the bar bof.
We think having routing clue review the trust router would be valuable.

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Subject: Re: [radext] [abfab] Trust Router BAR BOF at IETF 86: Thursday at 1130
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On 6 mrt. 2013, at 18:45, Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com> wrote:

>>>>>> "Klaas" == Klaas Wierenga (kwiereng) <kwiereng@cisco.com> writes:
> 
>    Klaas> Sam, How does this relate to the trust router slot in Routing
>    Klaas> Area Open Meeting?
> 
> we're going to introduce the topic and try and get routing folks to go
> to the bar bof.
> We think having routing clue review the trust router would be valuable.


Agreed, makes a lot of sense.

Klaas

> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext

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From: "Klaas Wierenga (kwiereng)" <kwiereng@cisco.com>
To: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>
Thread-Topic: [abfab] Trust Router BAR BOF at IETF 86: Thursday at 1130
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Subject: Re: [radext] [abfab] Trust Router BAR BOF at IETF 86: Thursday at 1130
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Sam,

How does this relate to the trust router slot in Routing Area Open Meeting?

Klaas

Sent from my iPad

On 6 mrt. 2013, at 18:39, "Sam Hartman" <hartmans@painless-security.com> wr=
ote:

> The ABFAB working group has been busy at work describing a federated iden=
tity
> and access management model that enables federated identity for a wide va=
riety
> of use cases and applications; this work is currently drawing to a close.
>=20
> However, one of the typical problems in the federated world - and a probl=
em
> that any ABFAB implementations needs to address - is managing the scaling=
 of
> number of partners involved in the federation (this is because configurat=
ion
> changes need to be made at all interested partners when new entities join=
).
> Existing federation technologies attempt to solve this problem in a varie=
ty of
> ways (e.g. SAML metadata, hierarchical RADIUS federations) but each has t=
heir
> own unique disadvantages. A much more elegant, flexible, and extensible w=
ay to
> achieve the same goals would be beneficial - especially for when scaling =
up to
> the potential number of entities in a community of ABFAB-enabled partners=
.
>=20
> Alongside this, operationally, there is also a need to separate the
> authentication process from the creation of a new partnership across a se=
t of
> federated entities - so as to allow existing credentials to be used for n=
ew
> communities of users with minimal operation and infrastructure costs. Thi=
s is
> crucial in driving adoption of federated technologies on a wide scale, an=
d in
> reducing the cost of operating and being a part of federation on such a w=
ide
> scale.
>=20
> Trust Router is an attempt to build an infrastructure that solves these -=
 and
> other - problems (see the full problem statement for more details).
> Essentially, trust Router works by distributing information about new and
> existing trust relationships across a network of entities. It achieves th=
is
> distribution using protocols with many similarities to existing routing
> protocols, and avoids any requirement for technologies such as PKI. The b=
road
> applicability of a general infrastructure for routing trust information b=
etween
> arbitrary entities and allowing them to communicate securely means that t=
his is
> potentially quite an exciting topic, and one ripe for standardisation.
>=20
> Come join us to talk all about trust and trust routing at our Bar BOF - t=
o be
> held on Thursday March 14th @ 11:30AM, located in Caribbean 7.
>=20
> Documents to read:
> * Trust Router problem statement - http://tools.ietf.org/html/
> draft-howlett-abfab-trust-router-ps-02
> * ABFAB Architecture document - http://tools.ietf.org/html/
> draft-ietf-abfab-arch-05
> * Trust router protocol overview -
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mrw-abfab-trust-router-02.txt
> _______________________________________________
> abfab mailing list
> abfab@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/abfab

From jouni.nospam@gmail.com  Fri Mar  8 03:26:50 2013
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To: Alejandro Perez Mendez <alex@um.es>, "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [radext] Adoption call for draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05
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Folks,

It seems the document as such still needs more work to be
acceptable as a WG item. We will have time for a discussion
around the fragmentation in Orlando meeting agenda and see
then where to head to.

Related to this, we will also have a presentation of the
other alternative proposals seen on the list.

- Jouni & Mauricio


On Feb 22, 2013, at 1:46 PM, Alejandro Perez Mendez <alex@um.es> wrote:

>=20
>> I support adopting the previous version of this draft
>> (draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-04) and would support =
adopting
>> the current version (draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05) if a
>> mechanism was added for fragmented information in access-request =
prior
>> to authentication.  That is, I disagree with one of the changes the
>> authors made between 04 and 05.
>=20
> Hi Sam,
>=20
> we have been discussing this aspect internally, and we have concluded =
that the support of fragmentation prior to authentication will be =
re-incorporated into the next version of the document, though it will be =
noted that it may have the potential to allow DoS attacks.
>=20
> Best regards,
> Alejandro
>=20
>=20
>>=20
>> --Sam
>> _______________________________________________
>> radext mailing list
>> radext@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


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To: Jouni Korhonen <jouni.nospam@gmail.com>
References: <14C85EF3-B67D-405A-B8CD-BFF9DF26B92D@gmail.com> <tslbobp7gja.fsf@mit.edu> <51275AA9.4070306@um.es> <A4B73ABF-A8EF-4568-A3E4-405C4999BD84@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [radext] Adoption call for draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05
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    Jouni> Folks,

    Jouni> It seems the document as such still needs more work to be
    Jouni> acceptable as a WG item. We will have time for a discussion
    Jouni> around the fragmentation in Orlando meeting agenda and see
    Jouni> then where to head to.

    Jouni> Related to this, we will also have a presentation of the
    Jouni> other alternative proposals seen on the list.

    Jouni> - Jouni & Mauricio

do you have someone to speak to the alternative of just use TCP when
possible?

I actually don't consider it a strict alternative, but I do think it
should be discussed and would be happy to help present if you don't have
anything lined up.

My personal preference is that we use TCP when possible and this draft
when not.

--Sam

From aland@deployingradius.com  Fri Mar  8 06:55:02 2013
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Date: Fri, 08 Mar 2013 09:54:57 -0500
From: Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com>
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Cc: "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>, "abfab@ietf.org" <abfab@ietf.org>, Alejandro Perez Mendez <alex@um.es>
Subject: Re: [radext] Adoption call for	draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05
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Jouni Korhonen wrote:
> It seems the document as such still needs more work to be
> acceptable as a WG item. We will have time for a discussion
> around the fragmentation in Orlando meeting agenda and see
> then where to head to.

  After much discussion in the past week, the fragmentation draft
authors have decided to change the draft, and re-issue it under a new
name.  The name change reflects a change in focus which we hope makes
fragmentation easier to understand.

  The net result is the same, but the underlying theory is different.
I'll give a short explanation here.

  The first goal is to work with existing RADIUS proxies.  This goal is
satisfied by using Access-Request / Access-Accept.  A User-Name is
included in the Access-Request, so that existing proxies can forward the
packets.

  The second goal is to do this *only* for authorization.  There is no
need to support "large data" for CoA, Accounting, etc.  This goal is
satisfied by using Access-Request / Access-Accept.

  The third goal is to not change existing authentication methods or
packet flows.  This goal is new, and results in the name change.  We are
no longer fragmenting "access requests", we are exchanging large amounts
of authorization data.

  The third goal is satisfied by exchanging *references* to the
authorization data in the Access-Request and Access-Accept.  These
references satisfy the requirements of RFC 6158, as pointed out by Bernard.

  The problem we're solving then becomes "how to dynamically provision
authorization data".  When defined that way, the discussion becomes
simpler.  The exchange of this data no longer affects existing
authentication methods.

  The exchange of large data happens pretty much as discussed in the
current draft.  There are technical details, of course.  These details
again become simpler when they don't affect existing methods.

  The resulting exchange is then done in three steps.

1. send pre-authentication authorization data NAS to Server.

2. authentication (as is done now)

3. send post-authentication authorization data Server to NAS.

  Step (1) finishes with a token which is used in the Access-Request for
step (2).  Step (2) finishes with a token in the Access-Accept, which
refers to step (3).

  Either or both of steps (1) and (2) can be omitted.  If the
authorization data is small enough, it can just be put into packets for
step (2).


  I hope that this explanation is clear, and satisfies the concerns
raised here.  We hope to have an updated draft ready by next week.

  Alan DeKok.

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Folks,

Those with an agenda slot please send your slides to the
chairs by Monday noon.



From mauricio.sanchez@hp.com  Mon Mar 11 11:58:47 2013
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From: "Sanchez, Mauricio (HP Networking)" <mauricio.sanchez@hp.com>
To: "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [radext] Presentations slides
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Thanks to those of you that have sent in your slides.  For those that
haven't (and you know who you are), please do so ASAP.

Thanks,
RADEXT chairs 



On 3/10/13 9:29 AM, "Jouni Korhonen" <jounikor@gmail.com> wrote:

>Folks,
>
>Those with an agenda slot please send your slides to the
>chairs by Monday noon.
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>radext mailing list
>radext@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext

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--B_3445858654_65993123--

From aland@deployingradius.com  Wed Mar 13 07:00:33 2013
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Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2013 10:00:30 -0400
From: Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com>
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Subject: [radext] Fragmentation draft(s)
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  This message is to correct misconceptions I heard at the RADEXT mike
yesterday.  They seem to be rooted in the confusion between what is
*allowed* and what is *required*.

  Peter's draft *requires* re-assembly at every intermediate node.

  Alejandro's draft *allows* re-assembly at every intermediate node.

  Peter's draft *forbids* existing proxies from using fragmentation.

  Alejandro's draft *allows* existing proxies to use fragmentation.


  To me, the more flexible approach is better on a number of fronts.
First, it works with existing systems, which is (for me) a hard
requirement.  Second, it allows systems to be *gradually* upgraded.

  The gradual upgrade path means that Alejandro's draft can be deployed
today, and fixed over time.  The "fork-lift ugrade" required by Peter's
draft means that everyone has to upgrade for anyone to see any benefit.

  The IETF has sufficient proof that fork-lift upgrades rarely work.

  Alan DeKok.

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Wed Mar 13 07:07:15 2013
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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>
To: Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com>
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Alan, I agree with you that we should support Alejandro's draft.
However, I think we're early enough in the deployment of RADSEC and
RADIUS over TCP that having a better approach for fragmenting over those
technologies is desirable.


From aland@deployingradius.com  Wed Mar 13 07:08:14 2013
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Sam Hartman wrote:
> Alan, I agree with you that we should support Alejandro's draft.
> However, I think we're early enough in the deployment of RADSEC and
> RADIUS over TCP that having a better approach for fragmenting over those
> technologies is desirable.

  Absolutely.

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Wed Mar 13 09:01:36 2013
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On Wed, 13 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

>  This message is to correct misconceptions I heard at the RADEXT mike
> yesterday.  They seem to be rooted in the confusion between what is
> *allowed* and what is *required*.

Hi Alan,

I think my discussion with Sam was more in regards to flights of packets.

I hope there is no confusion left on this topic as I have gone out of my 
way to stress the differences on the list.  Last slide of my presentation 
spoke to this question.

> today, and fixed over time.  The "fork-lift ugrade" required by Peter's
> draft means that everyone has to upgrade for anyone to see any benefit.

>  The IETF has sufficient proof that fork-lift upgrades rarely work.

Another way to look at the situation from the perspective of only subset 
of systems which do not implement the specifications is that existing 
systems are seeing different information when Alex's approach is switched 
on.

Unless these proxy systems are expected to do little else than forward 
messages based on User-Name realm you are likely to cause breakage with 
unknowable consequences.

I have a preference for not working at all over breaking existing things 
especially when "things" are of sort authentication or authorization.

regards,
Peter

From aland@deployingradius.com  Wed Mar 13 10:33:18 2013
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> I think my discussion with Sam was more in regards to flights of packets.

  I was referring to Sams comments about fragility of the Alejandro
draft, and that reassembly was preferred.

> I hope there is no confusion left on this topic as I have gone out of my
> way to stress the differences on the list.  Last slide of my
> presentation spoke to this question.

  Yes.  It's why I mentioned the fork-lift upgrade.

> Another way to look at the situation from the perspective of only subset
> of systems which do not implement the specifications is that existing
> systems are seeing different information when Alex's approach is
> switched on.

  I'm not sure how to parse that sentence.

> Unless these proxy systems are expected to do little else than forward
> messages based on User-Name realm you are likely to cause breakage with
> unknowable consequences.

  Vague predictions of disaster aren't helpful.

  There are already many proxies that do *not* re-write packet contents.
 Most of the proxies in Eduroam, for example.  That serves as proof it
*can* work without breakage.

  For servers which need to re-write packet contents, the answer is the
same as for your proposal: upgrade.  So this proposal is in some cases
better, but no worse than your proposal.

> I have a preference for not working at all over breaking existing things
> especially when "things" are of sort authentication or authorization.

  Please describe *what* will break, and *how* it will break.  We've had
this conversation repeatedly.  Doom and gloom aren't good protocol
design.  Facts and evidence are.

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Wed Mar 13 11:07:58 2013
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Some thoughts from meeting.

-----
RADIUS/DTLS

I still think my scheme using 4 byte header from issue #64 in the 
tracker could be useful to improve DTLS draft for following reasons.

- Remove dependencies on TLS content type and RADIUS packet code

- Prevent sync problems with UDP NAT state association

- Allow single DTLS session to be used to support more than 255 
unacknowledged requests.  This would simplify client implementations from 
having to pool and maintain multiple sessions to the same server.

- Resolves "pothole" problem where a source port is selected from which 
RADIUS server already has an open session and therefore ignores anything 
not associated to the session.


-----
Stefan - loop detection

We have had a trivial proxy loop detection system in production in our 
implementations for several years.  It works on the assumption any request 
the same proxy system sees again completes a cycle.

In our implementation a systems identifier is embedded in the proxy state 
attribute.  When a request for proxy is received we check for matching 
system identifier in the current stack of proxy states and drop the 
request if one is found.

-----
ieee802ext

Had a chance to read thru this draft a bit before and after the 
meeting - looks good here.

-----
Datatypes

I like the general idea of a type registry that can be referenced but I'm 
not sure how much utility there is at this point.

It could see it being more expressive to have a new complex type in the 
registry to map things we don't want to add a separate entry for like 
Tunnel-Password rather than collapsing to string.


Thanks to chairs and all for a great meeting :)

regards,
Peter

From peterd@iea-software.com  Wed Mar 13 11:23:54 2013
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On Wed, 13 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

> Peter Deacon wrote:
>> I think my discussion with Sam was more in regards to flights of packets.

>  I was referring to Sams comments about fragility of the Alejandro
> draft, and that reassembly was preferred.

Yes, this was about movement of packets thru the system rather than 
compatibility.

>  There are already many proxies that do *not* re-write packet contents.
> Most of the proxies in Eduroam, for example.  That serves as proof it
> *can* work without breakage.

Changing contents is only a small half of the equation.  The other half is 
making decisions based upon the same content.

regards,
Peter

From aland@deployingradius.com  Wed Mar 13 11:38:34 2013
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> Changing contents is only a small half of the equation.  The other half
> is making decisions based upon the same content.

  Sure.  Which is why the draft says that User-Name is included in each
fragment.

  The requirements for fragmentation come from abfab (among others).
All of the known use-cases are for proxy federations, where User-Name is
used for proxying.

  If you have other use-cases, please explain.

  Alan DeKok.


From peterd@iea-software.com  Wed Mar 13 12:02:49 2013
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On Wed, 13 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

>> Changing contents is only a small half of the equation.  The other half
>> is making decisions based upon the same content.

>  Sure.  Which is why the draft says that User-Name is included in each
> fragment.

>  The requirements for fragmentation come from abfab (among others).
> All of the known use-cases are for proxy federations, where User-Name is
> used for proxying.

Hu? What requirements?

regards,
Peter

From aland@deployingradius.com  Wed Mar 13 12:30:50 2013
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> On Wed, 13 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:
>>  The requirements for fragmentation come from abfab (among others).
>> All of the known use-cases are for proxy federations, where User-Name is
>> used for proxying.
> 
> Hu? What requirements?

  The use-cases were discussed on this list, on the abfab list, and in
the face to face meetings.  The requirements are to satisfy the use-cases.

  Why, exactly, are you unfamiliar with them?

  I also said:

>>   If you have other use-cases, please explain.

  Since you didn't respond, I can only assume you have no use-cases for
the solution you're proposing.  As such, it is a solution in search of a
problem, and isn't relevant to this working group.

  Alan DeKok.

From aland@deployingradius.com  Wed Mar 13 18:39:51 2013
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> Datatypes
> 
> I like the general idea of a type registry that can be referenced but
> I'm not sure how much utility there is at this point.
> 
> It could see it being more expressive to have a new complex type in the
> registry to map things we don't want to add a separate entry for like
> Tunnel-Password rather than collapsing to string.

  This seems reasonable.

  There are 26 "string" attributes defined in the RFCs.  Of these, only
a few appear to be carrying raw data.  Many carry pre-defined complex
data types.

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Wed Mar 13 23:45:11 2013
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On Wed, 13 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

>>>  The requirements for fragmentation come from abfab (among others).
>>> All of the known use-cases are for proxy federations, where User-Name is
>>> used for proxying.

>> Hu? What requirements?
>  The use-cases were discussed on this list, on the abfab list, and in
> the face to face meetings.  The requirements are to satisfy the use-cases.

I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable 
solution.  Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to address 
specific needs of specific groups?

If offered as a general solution I would assume there would be parity in 
consideration of possible implications to more than specific groups.

regards,
Peter

From alex@um.es  Thu Mar 14 06:42:04 2013
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El 14/03/13 07:45, Peter Deacon escribiÃ³:
> On Wed, 13 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
>>>>  The requirements for fragmentation come from abfab (among others).
>>>> All of the known use-cases are for proxy federations, where 
>>>> User-Name is
>>>> used for proxying.
>
>>> Hu? What requirements?
>>  The use-cases were discussed on this list, on the abfab list, and in
>> the face to face meetings.  The requirements are to satisfy the 
>> use-cases.
>
> I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable 
> solution.  Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to 
> address specific needs of specific groups?

Hello Peter,

initially it was intented to be generic. However, after recent 
discussions (please, refer to Alan's mail 08/Mar/13), we come out with 
the conlusion that fragmentation does not make much sense out of sending 
authorization-related data, as it does not seem a good idea to interfere 
with authentication flows. Other flows like accounting are alraedy 
discussed in the draft.

That's why we are considering updating the draft's name.

Regards,
Alejandro

>
> If offered as a general solution I would assume there would be parity 
> in consideration of possible implications to more than specific groups.
>
> regards,
> Peter
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


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Peter Deacon wrote:
> I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable
> solution.  Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to
> address specific needs of specific groups?

  Alejandro's comments apply here.

> If offered as a general solution I would assume there would be parity in
> consideration of possible implications to more than specific groups.

  What real-world problem is solved by *generalized* fragmentation
support?  Accounting?  CoA?  Disconnect?

  Please explain.

  Alan DeKok.

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Thu Mar 14 08:20:28 2013
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Subject: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
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Hi.
we've had a lot of messages on fragmentation. Here's where we are in my
understanding.
Please correct me if I'm wrong.

1) Alex's draft supports fragmentation through existing proxies. Alex,
Alan, and I believe this is important to support.
Peter said a while back that he's not opposed to having a way to do this
but support through existing proxies is not his focus because that
support doesn't support arbitrary command codes such as accounting.

2) Alan, Jim Schaad, Margaret Wasserman and I believe it is strongly
desirable to use large packets to handle fragmentation when using TCP or
TLS. Peter supports this with his fragmentation inquery concept.

3) Peter would like to support fragmentation over UDP in a manner that
supports all command codes. As a consequence this doesn't work with
existing proxies. This is is fragmentation data concept. Peter believes
the overhead of setting up TCP may be too high for some situations.

4) I don't support fragmentation data because I believe TCP/TLS is
sufficient of a solution in cases where you are willing to upgrade
equipment. Peter's solution will be much harder to standardize. In
addition, I don't think the overhead of TCP connection establishment is
significant with tuned equipment.



5) Alan doesn't support the fragmentation data concept from Peter's
proposal. I don't remember the reasons he cites.

6) Alex's draft involves reassembley both at the IP layer because
packets larger than MTU are sent as well as reassembley at the RADIUS
layer (it's a fragmentation mechanism after all.) I believe this is
inherent when you want to support existing proxies. However, it does
have transport implications that make it desirable to use an alternative
mechanism when you can upgrade equipment.  In my mind I'm not being
critical of Alex's draft; I'm just trying to scope when it makes sense.

From alex@um.es  Thu Mar 14 09:47:15 2013
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Hi Sam,

see my comment inline, please.

> Hi.
> we've had a lot of messages on fragmentation. Here's where we are in my
> understanding.
> Please correct me if I'm wrong.
>
> 1) Alex's draft supports fragmentation through existing proxies. Alex,
> Alan, and I believe this is important to support.
> Peter said a while back that he's not opposed to having a way to do this
> but support through existing proxies is not his focus because that
> support doesn't support arbitrary command codes such as accounting.
>
> 2) Alan, Jim Schaad, Margaret Wasserman and I believe it is strongly
> desirable to use large packets to handle fragmentation when using TCP or
> TLS. Peter supports this with his fragmentation inquery concept.
>
> 3) Peter would like to support fragmentation over UDP in a manner that
> supports all command codes. As a consequence this doesn't work with
> existing proxies. This is is fragmentation data concept. Peter believes
> the overhead of setting up TCP may be too high for some situations.
>
> 4) I don't support fragmentation data because I believe TCP/TLS is
> sufficient of a solution in cases where you are willing to upgrade
> equipment. Peter's solution will be much harder to standardize. In
> addition, I don't think the overhead of TCP connection establishment is
> significant with tuned equipment.
>
>
>
> 5) Alan doesn't support the fragmentation data concept from Peter's
> proposal. I don't remember the reasons he cites.
>
> 6) Alex's draft involves reassembley both at the IP layer because
> packets larger than MTU are sent as well as reassembley at the RADIUS
> layer (it's a fragmentation mechanism after all.) I believe this is
> inherent when you want to support existing proxies. However, it does
> have transport implications that make it desirable to use an alternative
> mechanism when you can upgrade equipment.  In my mind I'm not being
> critical of Alex's draft; I'm just trying to scope when it makes sense.
Well, the idea is to maintain chunk size below PMTU, hence there would 
no need to reassemble at IP layer and thus we avoid UDP fragmentation. 
That's one of the reasons why we don't want to interfere with RADIUS-EAP 
which already fills RADIUS packets up to the PMTU.

Regards,
Alejandro


> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


From hartmans@painless-security.com  Thu Mar 14 10:19:08 2013
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How do you plan to figure out what the path mtu is?

From aland@deployingradius.com  Thu Mar 14 10:58:47 2013
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Sam Hartman wrote:
> How do you plan to figure out what the path mtu is?

  Telephone.  Or email.

  The MTU should be settable by the proxy.  The administrator then plays
with it until it works.

  I've spent some time reading up on UDP PTMU discovery.  In short, it
doesn't work well in IPv4.  It's worse in IPv6.

  Pretty much all of the UDP applications I've seen turn PMTU discovery
off.  Enabling it means that the kernel may do PMTU discover on every
packet sent by the application.  That's bad.

  Alan DeKok.

From alex@um.es  Thu Mar 14 11:09:42 2013
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Hi Sam,

it seems to be several RFC dealing with that specific problem (4821, 
1191, 1981). Sorry if I'm assuming they work, but actually they don't. I 
assumed that was somehow trivial.

Regards,
Alejandro


El 14/03/13 18:19, Sam Hartman escribió:
> How do you plan to figure out what the path mtu is?


From hartmans@painless-security.com  Thu Mar 14 11:19:07 2013
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>>>>> "Alan" == Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com> writes:

    Alan> Sam Hartman wrote:
    >> How do you plan to figure out what the path mtu is?

    Alan>   Telephone.  Or email.

No, but if multiple proxies are involved, how do you get the information
to the other side of the path.

--Sam

From aland@deployingradius.com  Thu Mar 14 11:25:35 2013
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Sam Hartman wrote:
> No, but if multiple proxies are involved, how do you get the information
> to the other side of the path.

  The same way people do now.  Email or telephone. :(

  It's ugly and non-scalable, but it works.

  A workable PMTU discovery would involve some kind of multi-proxy
capability negotiation.

  Or, everyone sets PMTU to 576 octets, and hopes for the best.

  Alan DeKok.

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Thu Mar 14 11:32:43 2013
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>>>>> "Alan" == Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com> writes:

    Alan> Sam Hartman wrote:
    >> No, but if multiple proxies are involved, how do you get the
    >> information to the other side of the path.

    Alan>   The same way people do now.  Email or telephone. :(

That doesn't seem realistic.
Consider a case like eduroam.
I have a path that goes from a->b->c->d

It seems reasonable for the operators of a and b to call each other.
But how does a learn the mtu between c and d?

Phone or e-mail don't seem like reasonable options for that.

From aland@deployingradius.com  Thu Mar 14 13:30:21 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
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Sam Hartman wrote:
> That doesn't seem realistic.

  It's not.

> Consider a case like eduroam.
> I have a path that goes from a->b->c->d
> 
> It seems reasonable for the operators of a and b to call each other.
> But how does a learn the mtu between c and d?

  We need a way for RADIUS servers to exchange MTU for specific paths.
This information probably needs to be part of a capabilities exchange,
and / or a RADIUS routing protocol.

  Alan DeKok.

From mauricio.sanchez@hp.com  Thu Mar 14 21:49:42 2013
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From: "Sanchez, Mauricio (HP Networking)" <mauricio.sanchez@hp.com>
To: "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: preliminary minutes 
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Attached  are preliminary notes. Any corrections/additions welcome.


Thanks to Steve H. for note taking.


-Jouni and Mauricio






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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: s=
pace; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size:=
 14px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><div><br></div><div><p class=3D"Mso=
Normal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; ">Attached &nbsp;a=
re preliminary notes. Any corrections/additions welcome.&nbsp;</p><p class=3D"=
MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; "><br></p><p cl=
ass=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; ">Thanks t=
o Steve H. for note taking.&nbsp;</p><p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: =
11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; "><br></p><p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-s=
ize: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; ">-Jouni and Mauricio&nbsp;</p><p class=
=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; "><br></p><p =
class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; "><br></=
p></div></body></html>

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--B_3446135505_3235857--

From peterd@iea-software.com  Thu Mar 14 22:11:40 2013
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From: Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com>
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On Thu, 14 Mar 2013, Alejandro Perez Mendez wrote:

>> I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable 
>> solution.  Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to 
>> address specific needs of specific groups?

> initially it was intented to be generic. However, after recent 
> discussions (please, refer to Alan's mail 08/Mar/13), we come out with

Hi Alex,

Drilling down from the question of command code coverage do you intend 
this to be a generally applicable solution or something only to meet the 
needs of specific groups and specific technologies?

If it is only for specific technologies or groups I would just ask to try 
and clarify this point.

For example if I wanted to push a configuration file in an authorization 
message using one of these newfangled "long attributes" would your draft 
be something I could use to do that?

If it is to be generally applicable albeit with the limited command code 
coverage then I would assume there would be some parity in consideration 
of implications to the general audience rather than relying on inside 
operational knowledge of specific groups to reason about implications.

For example we have operators with production use of processing and proxy 
based on attributes other than User-Name.

> the conlusion that fragmentation does not make much sense out of sending 
> authorization-related data, as it does not seem a good idea to interfere 
> with authentication flows. Other flows like accounting are alraedy 
> discussed in the draft.

See this text from RFC 6158 section 3.1:

"In the case of RADIUS accounting, transporting large amounts of data 
would require a sequence of Accounting-Request packets.  This is a 
nontrivial change to RADIUS, since RADIUS accounting clients would need 
to be modified to split the attribute stream across multiple 
Accounting-Requests, and billing servers would need to be modified to 
reassemble and interpret the attribute stream."

draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05 section 3.4.1

"There is no need to fragment accounting packets.  While the accounting 
process can send large amounts of data, that data is typically composed of 
many small updates.  That is, there is no demonstrated need to send 
indivisible blocks of more than 4K of data. The need to send large amounts 
of data per user session often originates from the need for flow-based 
accounting.  In this use- case, the client may send accounting data for
many thousands of flows, where all those flows are tied to one user 
session.  The existing Acct-Multi-Session-Id attribute defined in 
[RFC2866] Section 5.11 has been proven to work here."


With regards to CoA (Section 3.4.2) this scheme is less than ideal due to 
additional round trips, lack of feedback, lack of ability to implement 
fallback mechanisms and lack of separation of admission from session 
management.  We have separate systems (Not RADIUS servers) managing 
aspects of dynamic authorization.

regards,
Peter

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From: Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com>
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On Thu, 14 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

> Peter Deacon wrote:
>> I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable
>> solution.  Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to
>> address specific needs of specific groups?

>  Alejandro's comments apply here.

>> If offered as a general solution I would assume there would be parity in
>> consideration of possible implications to more than specific groups.

>  What real-world problem is solved by *generalized* fragmentation
> support?  Accounting?  CoA?  Disconnect?

What real-world problem do "long attributes" solve if you can't 
practically make use of them?

If I want to push a cert, subscriber configuration file or filter list I 
have nothing but hacks for options if any of these items exceed 4096 
bytes.

regards,
Peter

From peterd@iea-software.com  Thu Mar 14 23:59:26 2013
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On Thu, 14 Mar 2013, Sam Hartman wrote:

> 1) Alex's draft supports fragmentation through existing proxies. Alex,
> Alan, and I believe this is important to support.

> Peter said a while back that he's not opposed to having a way to do this 
> but support through existing proxies is not his focus because that 
> support doesn't support arbitrary command codes such as accounting.

I am not opposed to Alex's draft in principal assuming constraint of 
working with existing proxies that can't be upgraded.

> 2) Alan, Jim Schaad, Margaret Wasserman and I believe it is strongly
> desirable to use large packets to handle fragmentation when using TCP or
> TLS. Peter supports this with his fragmentation inquery concept.

> 3) Peter would like to support fragmentation over UDP in a manner that
> supports all command codes. As a consequence this doesn't work with
> existing proxies. This is is fragmentation data concept. Peter believes
> the overhead of setting up TCP may be too high for some situations.

I don't have a negative opinion of TCP setup time.

Prefer UDP since there are no delays or dependencies on flight of other 
requests.  No head of line where RTO effects a queue of requests rather 
than a single request.  Tend to identify with sentiments of RFC 2865 
section 2.4.

On the other hand Fragment-Data wins no prize for round trip efficiency or 
congestion avoidance.

> 4) I don't support fragmentation data because I believe TCP/TLS is
> sufficient of a solution in cases where you are willing to upgrade

A problem here is if you don't provide an analogue for UDP with the same 
capabilities then TCP and UDP universes cannot be bridged.

It was intended to be separable so implementors can decide the best 
approach (TCP and or UDP) for their needs.

> equipment. Peter's solution will be much harder to standardize. In

Is this because there are two options (TCP and Fragment-Data) or something 
about Fragment-Data?

regards,
Peter

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Hi,

El 15/03/13 06:11, Peter Deacon escribiÃ³:
> On Thu, 14 Mar 2013, Alejandro Perez Mendez wrote:
>
>>> I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable
>>> solution. Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to
>>> address specific needs of specific groups?
>
>> initially it was intented to be generic. However, after recent
>> discussions (please, refer to Alan's mail 08/Mar/13), we come out with
>
> Hi Alex,
>
> Drilling down from the question of command code coverage do you intend
> this to be a generally applicable solution or something only to meet
> the needs of specific groups and specific technologies?
>
> If it is only for specific technologies or groups I would just ask to
> try and clarify this point.
>
I'm really confused. There are three or four last emails where Alan and
Alex say it is for Authorization.
> For example if I wanted to push a configuration file in an
> authorization message using one of these newfangled "long attributes"
> would your draft be something I could use to do that?
I suppose you want to push configuration data, so yes
>
> If it is to be generally applicable albeit with the limited command
> code coverage then I would assume there would be some parity in
> consideration of implications to the general audience rather than
> relying on inside operational knowledge of specific groups to reason
> about implications.
>
> For example we have operators with production use of processing and
> proxy based on attributes other than User-Name.
>
>> the conlusion that fragmentation does not make much sense out of
>> sending authorization-related data, as it does not seem a good idea
>> to interfere with authentication flows. Other flows like accounting
>> are alraedy discussed in the draft.
>
> See this text from RFC 6158 section 3.1:
>
> "In the case of RADIUS accounting, transporting large amounts of data
> would require a sequence of Accounting-Request packets. This is a
> nontrivial change to RADIUS, since RADIUS accounting clients would
> need to be modified to split the attribute stream across multiple
> Accounting-Requests, and billing servers would need to be modified to
> reassemble and interpret the attribute stream."
>
> draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05 section 3.4.1
>
> "There is no need to fragment accounting packets. While the accounting
> process can send large amounts of data, that data is typically
> composed of many small updates. That is, there is no demonstrated need
> to send indivisible blocks of more than 4K of data. The need to send
> large amounts of data per user session often originates from the need
> for flow-based accounting. In this use- case, the client may send
> accounting data for
> many thousands of flows, where all those flows are tied to one user
> session. The existing Acct-Multi-Session-Id attribute defined in
> [RFC2866] Section 5.11 has been proven to work here."
>
>
> With regards to CoA (Section 3.4.2) this scheme is less than ideal due
> to additional round trips, lack of feedback, lack of ability to
> implement fallback mechanisms and lack of separation of admission from
> session management. We have separate systems (Not RADIUS servers)
> managing aspects of dynamic authorization.
>
> regards,
> Peter
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------
Gabriel LÂ—pez MillÂ‡n
Departamento de IngenierÂ’a de la InformaciÂ—n y las Comunicaciones
University of Murcia
Spain
Tel: +34 868888504
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email: gabilm@um.es


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El 15/03/13 06:22, Peter Deacon escribiÃ³:
> On Thu, 14 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
>> Peter Deacon wrote:
>>> I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable
>>> solution. Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to
>>> address specific needs of specific groups?
>
>> Alejandro's comments apply here.
>
>>> If offered as a general solution I would assume there would be
>>> parity in
>>> consideration of possible implications to more than specific groups.
>
>> What real-world problem is solved by *generalized* fragmentation
>> support? Accounting? CoA? Disconnect?
>
> What real-world problem do "long attributes" solve if you can't
> practically make use of them?
Do we have not mention before ABFAB?

regards, Gabi.
>
> If I want to push a cert, subscriber configuration file or filter list
> I have nothing but hacks for options if any of these items exceed 4096
> bytes.
>
> regards,
> Peter
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------
Gabriel LÂ—pez MillÂ‡n
Departamento de IngenierÂ’a de la InformaciÂ—n y las Comunicaciones
University of Murcia
Spain
Tel: +34 868888504
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email: gabilm@um.es


From alex@um.es  Fri Mar 15 01:07:38 2013
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El 15/03/13 06:11, Peter Deacon escribiÃ³:
> On Thu, 14 Mar 2013, Alejandro Perez Mendez wrote:
>
>>> I recall Alex indicating a desire to provide a generally applicable 
>>> solution.  Is this still the case or is his draft intended only to 
>>> address specific needs of specific groups?
>
>> initially it was intented to be generic. However, after recent 
>> discussions (please, refer to Alan's mail 08/Mar/13), we come out with
>
> Hi Alex,
>
> Drilling down from the question of command code coverage do you intend 
> this to be a generally applicable solution or something only to meet 
> the needs of specific groups and specific technologies?

It is intended for the exchange of authorization data. It does not mean 
that it is constrained to any particular group. Anyone could use it.

>
> If it is only for specific technologies or groups I would just ask to 
> try and clarify this point.
>
> For example if I wanted to push a configuration file in an 
> authorization message using one of these newfangled "long attributes" 
> would your draft be something I could use to do that?

Sure you could. I don't see anything precluding you to do that.

>
> If it is to be generally applicable albeit with the limited command 
> code coverage then I would assume there would be some parity in 
> consideration of implications to the general audience rather than 
> relying on inside operational knowledge of specific groups to reason 
> about implications.
>
> For example we have operators with production use of processing and 
> proxy based on attributes other than User-Name.

Which attributes? Why is the Proxy assuming they are there? Does the NAS 
intentionally include them to allow proxying? Do they have other utility 
on the AS other than being used for proxying? Those are important 
questions.

>
>> the conlusion that fragmentation does not make much sense out of 
>> sending authorization-related data, as it does not seem a good idea 
>> to interfere with authentication flows. Other flows like accounting 
>> are alraedy discussed in the draft.
>
> See this text from RFC 6158 section 3.1:
>
> "In the case of RADIUS accounting, transporting large amounts of data 
> would require a sequence of Accounting-Request packets.  This is a 
> nontrivial change to RADIUS, since RADIUS accounting clients would 
> need to be modified to split the attribute stream across multiple 
> Accounting-Requests, and billing servers would need to be modified to 
> reassemble and interpret the attribute stream."
>
> draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05 section 3.4.1
>
> "There is no need to fragment accounting packets.  While the 
> accounting process can send large amounts of data, that data is 
> typically composed of many small updates.  That is, there is no 
> demonstrated need to send indivisible blocks of more than 4K of data. 
> The need to send large amounts of data per user session often 
> originates from the need for flow-based accounting.  In this use- 
> case, the client may send accounting data for
> many thousands of flows, where all those flows are tied to one user 
> session.  The existing Acct-Multi-Session-Id attribute defined in 
> [RFC2866] Section 5.11 has been proven to work here."
>
> With regards to CoA (Section 3.4.2) this scheme is less than ideal due 
> to additional round trips, lack of feedback, lack of ability to 
> implement fallback mechanisms and lack of separation of admission from 
> session management.  We have separate systems (Not RADIUS servers) 
> managing aspects of dynamic authorization.
>
> regards,
> Peter
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


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Peter Deacon wrote:
> On Thu, 14 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:
...
>>  What real-world problem is solved by *generalized* fragmentation
>> support?  Accounting?  CoA?  Disconnect?
> 
> What real-world problem do "long attributes" solve if you can't
> practically make use of them?

  I'll take that as you don't have an answer to my question.

> If I want to push a cert, subscriber configuration file or filter list I
> have nothing but hacks for options if any of these items exceed 4096 bytes.

  We could allow RADIUS over TCP to have 64K packets.  That would
involve minimal changes to existing systems.  It's not a "hack" by any
stretch of the imagination.

  Fragmentation is only required for (a) UDP, and (b) authorization.

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Fri Mar 15 08:08:49 2013
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On Fri, 15 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

>>>  What real-world problem is solved by *generalized* fragmentation
>>> support?  Accounting?  CoA?  Disconnect?

>> What real-world problem do "long attributes" solve if you can't
>> practically make use of them?

>  I'll take that as you don't have an answer to my question.

Any justification I make will be thrown back at me with workarounds.

If I want to send a CoA to change a configuration file or filter list I 
sent during authentication then I should use a workaround described in 
3.4.2 which require infrastructure changes and does NOT meet my needs.

If I want to send detailed accounting messages in an accounting flow then 
I should arbitrarily partition a single transaction and come up with some 
unknown mechanism to understand if the full message has been received.

If I want to send certificates during an access request then I should use 
a URL.

I still don't understand why SAML can't be compressed, packed or 
referenced externally.  It might be an operational headache but it can be 
done.  For me it is not about what can be done it is about what is the 
most effective solution.  I don't want a series of workarounds I want one 
solution.

We have a new concept for long attributes allowing vendors to send large 
blocks of data in the command code of their choosing but there is no 
serious way to utilize this facility without running into the packet 
limit.

>> If I want to push a cert, subscriber configuration file or filter list I
>> have nothing but hacks for options if any of these items exceed 4096 bytes.

>  We could allow RADIUS over TCP to have 64K packets.  That would
> involve minimal changes to existing systems.  It's not a "hack" by any
> stretch of the imagination.

And you could use Diameter.  Its not a "hack" by any stretch of the 
imagination.  I suspect you'll find more client vendors currently 
supporting Diameter than RADIUS over TCP.

>  Fragmentation is only required for (a) UDP, and (b) authorization.

>From Alex's presentation even ABFAB has requirements for sending data 
prior to authentication.

"Satisfy ABFAB requirements on supporting chunked data transfer prior to 
the authentication flow"

regards,
Peter

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Subject: Re: [radext] Fragmentation draft(s)
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El 15/03/13 16:08, Peter Deacon escribió:
> On Fri, 15 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:
>
>>>>  What real-world problem is solved by *generalized* fragmentation
>>>> support?  Accounting?  CoA?  Disconnect?
>
>>> What real-world problem do "long attributes" solve if you can't
>>> practically make use of them?
>
>>  I'll take that as you don't have an answer to my question.
>
> Any justification I make will be thrown back at me with workarounds.
>
> If I want to send a CoA to change a configuration file or filter list 
> I sent during authentication then I should use a workaround described 
> in 3.4.2 which require infrastructure changes and does NOT meet my needs.
>
> If I want to send detailed accounting messages in an accounting flow 
> then I should arbitrarily partition a single transaction and come up 
> with some unknown mechanism to understand if the full message has been 
> received.
>
> If I want to send certificates during an access request then I should 
> use a URL.
>
> I still don't understand why SAML can't be compressed, packed or 
> referenced externally.  It might be an operational headache but it can 
> be done.  For me it is not about what can be done it is about what is 
> the most effective solution.  I don't want a series of workarounds I 
> want one solution.
>
> We have a new concept for long attributes allowing vendors to send 
> large blocks of data in the command code of their choosing but there 
> is no serious way to utilize this facility without running into the 
> packet limit.
>
>>> If I want to push a cert, subscriber configuration file or filter 
>>> list I
>>> have nothing but hacks for options if any of these items exceed 4096 
>>> bytes.
>
>>  We could allow RADIUS over TCP to have 64K packets.  That would
>> involve minimal changes to existing systems.  It's not a "hack" by any
>> stretch of the imagination.
>
> And you could use Diameter.  Its not a "hack" by any stretch of the 
> imagination.  I suspect you'll find more client vendors currently 
> supporting Diameter than RADIUS over TCP.
>
>>  Fragmentation is only required for (a) UDP, and (b) authorization.
>
> From Alex's presentation even ABFAB has requirements for sending data 
> prior to authentication.
>
> "Satisfy ABFAB requirements on supporting chunked data transfer prior 
> to the authentication flow"
>

Yes, but those are related to authorization.

> regards,
> Peter
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


From peterd@iea-software.com  Fri Mar 15 09:42:41 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] Fragmentation draft(s)
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On Fri, 15 Mar 2013, Alejandro Perez Mendez wrote:

>> From Alex's presentation even ABFAB has requirements for sending data prior 
>> to authentication.

>> "Satisfy ABFAB requirements on supporting chunked data transfer prior to 
>> the authentication flow"

> Yes, but those are related to authorization.

Hi Alex,

Thanks, I will wait for the draft.

regards,
Peter

From aland@deployingradius.com  Fri Mar 15 10:33:43 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] Fragmentation draft(s)
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> Any justification I make will be thrown back at me with workarounds.

  Protocol design involves peer review and trade-offs between costs and
benefits.  There shouldn't be a problem discussing those trade-offs, and
responding to peer review.

  For me, the "workarounds" you talk about are no worse, and in many
cases better, than the ones you propose for your draft.

> If I want to send a CoA to change a configuration file or filter list I
> sent during authentication then I should use a workaround described in
> 3.4.2 which require infrastructure changes and does NOT meet my needs.

Q: How does CoA handle large filter lists today?
A: It doesn't.

Q: How do we handle it with your draft?
A: With infrastructure changes

Q: How do we handle it with Alejandro's draft?
A: With infrastructure changes

Q: Why does your draft "meet your needs", and Alejandro's draft doesn't?
A: You're not saying.

> If I want to send detailed accounting messages in an accounting flow
> then I should arbitrarily partition a single transaction and come up
> with some unknown mechanism to understand if the full message has been
> received.

Q: How are multiple flows for one session handled today?
A: With Acct-Multi-Session-Id.  (as has been pointed out repeatedly)

Q: How do we handle it with your draft?
A: With duplicate functionality, and infrastructure changes.

Q: Why are you preferring infrastructure changes to re-using functionality?
A: You're not saying.

> If I want to send certificates during an access request then I should
> use a URL.

Q: How is this handled today?
A: RFC 5904 defines a similar method, which isn't general.

Q: Does sending a URL fulfill the requirements?
A: No, as pointed out earlier on this list.

Q: Was this point already addressed on the list?
A: Yes.  Multiple times.

Q: Why are you ignoring those explanations?
A: You're not saying.

> I still don't understand why SAML can't be compressed, packed or
> referenced externally.

Q: Why are you ignoring previous explanations of this topic?
A: You're not saying.

> It might be an operational headache but it can
> be done.  For me it is not about what can be done it is about what is
> the most effective solution.  I don't want a series of workarounds I
> want one solution.

Q: Is there a need for a series of workarounds?
A: No, as explained repeatedly here, and in the draft.

> We have a new concept for long attributes allowing vendors to send large
> blocks of data in the command code of their choosing but there is no
> serious way to utilize this facility without running into the packet limit.

Q: Are the long attributes useful without fragmentation?
A: Yes. RFC 5904 (among others) could have used them.

> And you could use Diameter.  Its not a "hack" by any stretch of the
> imagination.  I suspect you'll find more client vendors currently
> supporting Diameter than RADIUS over TCP.

Q: Why is Diameter not acceptable for RADIUS infrastructure?
A1: Because it's not supported by vendor NAS equipment.
A2: Because proxy maintainers don't have $$ for commercial Diameter
    solutions.

>>  Fragmentation is only required for (a) UDP, and (b) authorization.
> 
> From Alex's presentation even ABFAB has requirements for sending data
> prior to authentication.

Q: Have I said that already?
A: Yes, in previous emails to this list.


  And we're back to the same sticking point.  There is a serious
communication problem here.  I'm explaining my position, and you're not
explaining yours.  You're also pretending I haven't explained my
position.  It doesn't give me confidence in the utility of this
conversation.

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Fri Mar 15 11:21:10 2013
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On Fri, 15 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

> Peter Deacon wrote:
>> Any justification I make will be thrown back at me with workarounds.

>  Protocol design involves peer review and trade-offs between costs and
> benefits.  There shouldn't be a problem discussing those trade-offs, and
> responding to peer review.

>  For me, the "workarounds" you talk about are no worse, and in many
> cases better, than the ones you propose for your draft.

>> If I want to send a CoA to change a configuration file or filter list I
>> sent during authentication then I should use a workaround described in
>> 3.4.2 which require infrastructure changes and does NOT meet my needs.

> Q: How does CoA handle large filter lists today?
> A: It doesn't.

> Q: How do we handle it with your draft?
> A: With infrastructure changes

By infrastructure change I was referring to the idea of separability of 
dynamic authorization from RADIUS.  The two systems need not overlap. 
For example RADIUS does not necessarily need visibility into a system 
dedicated to managing active sessions.

Forcing them to overlap means you have to change systems, data flows, 
operational considerations..etc.

With Fragment-Data or TCP or equivalent it is a low level detail handled 
by what amounts to transport layer, with no implications propagated up the 
stack.

> Q: How do we handle it with Alejandro's draft?
> A: With infrastructure changes
> Q: Why does your draft "meet your needs", and Alejandro's draft doesn't?
> A: You're not saying.

I explained my reasons in response to Alex.

"With regards to CoA (Section 3.4.2) this scheme is less than ideal due to 
additional round trips, lack of feedback, lack of ability to implement 
fallback mechanisms and lack of separation of admission from session 
management.  We have separate systems (Not RADIUS servers) managing 
aspects of dynamic authorization."

>> If I want to send detailed accounting messages in an accounting flow
>> then I should arbitrarily partition a single transaction and come up
>> with some unknown mechanism to understand if the full message has been
>> received.

> Q: How are multiple flows for one session handled today?
> A: With Acct-Multi-Session-Id.  (as has been pointed out repeatedly)

I explained why this is insufficient repeatedly.  Oddly enough RFC 6158 
section 3.1 also echo's some of the same concern.

> Q: How do we handle it with your draft?
> A: With duplicate functionality, and infrastructure changes.

The problem is I have to invent something (sessions) that do not exist. 
Even if I invented random session id's to make the transport layer happy I 
still need to invent a way of reasoning on whether the whole transaction 
is complete.

> Q: Why are you preferring infrastructure changes to re-using functionality?
> A: You're not saying.

Installing a new version that upgrades transport details which have no 
effect up the stack is vastly different than updating backend 
infrastructure necessary to deal with this.

>> If I want to send certificates during an access request then I should
>> use a URL.

> Q: How is this handled today?
> A: RFC 5904 defines a similar method, which isn't general.
> Q: Does sending a URL fulfill the requirements?
> A: No, as pointed out earlier on this list.
> Q: Was this point already addressed on the list?
> A: Yes.  Multiple times.
> Q: Why are you ignoring those explanations?
> A: You're not saying.

>> I still don't understand why SAML can't be compressed, packed or
>> referenced externally.

> Q: Why are you ignoring previous explanations of this topic?
> A: You're not saying.

I understand the reasons but they do not make this impossible to overcome. 
It is just operationally inconvenient which is how I would also classify 
your suggestions.

>> It might be an operational headache but it can
>> be done.  For me it is not about what can be done it is about what is
>> the most effective solution.  I don't want a series of workarounds I
>> want one solution.

> Q: Is there a need for a series of workarounds?
> A: No, as explained repeatedly here, and in the draft.

Not my question.

>> We have a new concept for long attributes allowing vendors to send 
>> large blocks of data in the command code of their choosing but there is 
>> no serious way to utilize this facility without running into the packet 
>> limit.

> Q: Are the long attributes useful without fragmentation?
> A: Yes. RFC 5904 (among others) could have used them.

Not my question.

>> And you could use Diameter.  Its not a "hack" by any stretch of the
>> imagination.  I suspect you'll find more client vendors currently
>> supporting Diameter than RADIUS over TCP.

> Q: Why is Diameter not acceptable for RADIUS infrastructure?

> A1: Because it's not supported by vendor NAS equipment.

Neither is RADIUS/TCP as near as I can tell.

> A2: Because proxy maintainers don't have $$ for commercial Diameter
>    solutions.

:)

>>>  Fragmentation is only required for (a) UDP, and (b) authorization.

>> From Alex's presentation even ABFAB has requirements for sending data
>> prior to authentication.

> Q: Have I said that already?
> A: Yes, in previous emails to this list.

I get confused easily with the revisions.  I was under the impression 
sending fragmented data to the server was being resurrected in the 
upcoming draft.  I'm sorry for my misunderstanding of this point.

regards,
Peter

From aland@deployingradius.com  Fri Mar 15 12:06:02 2013
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Cc: "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [radext] Fragmentation draft(s)
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> By infrastructure change I was referring to the idea of separability of
> dynamic authorization from RADIUS.  The two systems need not overlap.

  Sure.  But if it's not RADIUS, then it's not up for discussion here.

> For example RADIUS does not necessarily need visibility into a system
> dedicated to managing active sessions.

  But it can use it... as with CoA.

> Forcing them to overlap means you have to change systems, data flows,
> operational considerations..etc.

  I'm not sure what you mean.  You seem to be saying that because some
systems don't do CoA via RADIUS, we should prevent other systems from
doing CoA via RADIUS.

> "With regards to CoA (Section 3.4.2) this scheme is less than ideal due
> to additional round trips, lack of feedback, lack of ability to
> implement fallback mechanisms and lack of separation of admission from
> session management.  We have separate systems (Not RADIUS servers)
> managing aspects of dynamic authorization."

  Any fragmentation method has additional round trips over just using
CoA-Request and CoA-Ack.  I'm not sure what you mean by "lack of
feedback", or "fallback mechanisms".  And again, if you have non-RADIUS
servers managing dynamic authorization, that is NOT a reason to limit
other peoples implementation of RADIUS.

  This is a problem I've run into time and again.  I'm OK with you using
non-RADIUS systems.  You're not OK with me using RADIUS systems.  So
you're trying to prevent a solution which works for RADIUS, because you
don't want to use it.

  The only response I have then is "Why are you here?"  If you're not
using RADIUS, you shouldn't care what RADIUS people do.

> I explained why this is insufficient repeatedly.  Oddly enough RFC 6158
> section 3.1 also echo's some of the same concern.

  Well... no.  The text in RFC 6158 says that splitting attributes
across multiple Accounting-Request packets is wrong and unnecessary.
Alejandro's draft points out that we are already doing accounting for
multiple flows in RADIUS.

  There has been no demonstrated need to send more than 4K of *tightly
related* data in accounting.  RADIUS can do accounting for multiple
streams in one session, via widely deployed and standardized methods.

  In contrast, the Abfab people want to send >4K blocks of data (SAML
assertions), which cannot be split up into independent pieces.

> The problem is I have to invent something (sessions) that do not exist.
> Even if I invented random session id's to make the transport layer happy
> I still need to invent a way of reasoning on whether the whole
> transaction is complete.

  i.e. you're saying that existing use of Acct-Multi-Session-Id is
impossible, and won't work.

  Well... reality disagrees with you.

> I understand the reasons but they do not make this impossible to
> overcome. It is just operationally inconvenient which is how I would
> also classify your suggestions.

  We use RADIUS because it's inconvenient to use IPv4 over carrier
pigeon.  Operation convenience is absolutely part of protocol design.

>>> It might be an operational headache but it can
>>> be done.  For me it is not about what can be done it is about what is
>>> the most effective solution.  I don't want a series of workarounds I
>>> want one solution.
> 
>> Q: Is there a need for a series of workarounds?
>> A: No, as explained repeatedly here, and in the draft.
> 
> Not my question.

  Then you're attacking a straw man.

>> Q: Why is Diameter not acceptable for RADIUS infrastructure?
> 
>> A1: Because it's not supported by vendor NAS equipment.
> 
> Neither is RADIUS/TCP as near as I can tell.

  Good point.  So... which is easier to implement for the NAS vendors?
RADIUS over TCP, or Diameter?

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Fri Mar 15 12:55:03 2013
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Cc: "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [radext] Fragmentation draft(s)
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On Fri, 15 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

>> For example RADIUS does not necessarily need visibility into a system
>> dedicated to managing active sessions.

>> Forcing them to overlap means you have to change systems, data flows,
>> operational considerations..etc.

>  I'm not sure what you mean.  You seem to be saying that because some
> systems don't do CoA via RADIUS, we should prevent other systems from
> doing CoA via RADIUS.

With 3.4.2 approach RFC 5176 compliant RADIUS clients would be prevented 
from doing CoA containing large packets using RADIUS protocol without 
forced synchronization with RADIUS server infrastructure.

>> "With regards to CoA (Section 3.4.2) this scheme is less than ideal due
>> to additional round trips, lack of feedback, lack of ability to
>> implement fallback mechanisms and lack of separation of admission from
>> session management.  We have separate systems (Not RADIUS servers)
>> managing aspects of dynamic authorization."

>  Any fragmentation method has additional round trips over just using
> CoA-Request and CoA-Ack.  I'm not sure what you mean by "lack of
> feedback", or "fallback mechanisms".  And again, if you have non-RADIUS

lack of feedback = Error-Cause
fallback mechanism = Responding to Error-Cause

> servers managing dynamic authorization, that is NOT a reason to limit
> other peoples implementation of RADIUS.

This is backwards.  3.4.2 would limit dynamic authorization client 
autonomy.  Nothing is preventing RADIUS servers from issuing dynamic 
authorization requests.

regards,
Peter

From aland@deployingradius.com  Fri Mar 15 13:20:23 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] Fragmentation draft(s)
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> With 3.4.2 approach RFC 5176 compliant RADIUS clients would be prevented
> from doing CoA containing large packets using RADIUS protocol without
> forced synchronization with RADIUS server infrastructure.

  Yes.

> lack of feedback = Error-Cause
> fallback mechanism = Responding to Error-Cause

  That can be signaled in the fragmentation exchange.

>> servers managing dynamic authorization, that is NOT a reason to limit
>> other peoples implementation of RADIUS.
> 
> This is backwards.  3.4.2 would limit dynamic authorization client
> autonomy.  Nothing is preventing RADIUS servers from issuing dynamic
> authorization requests.

  Yes.  The draft proposes that dynamic authorization clients and RADIUS
servers be tightly coupled.

  If the initial authentication sets up authorization rules on the NAS,
how do those get to the dynamic authorization client (DAC)?  If the
RADIUS server doesn't communicate with the DAC, then it is *impossible*
to make any subsequent authorization changes.

  i.e. The use case you're concerned about is when the DAC *doesn't*
have access to the authorization rules, but *can* change them later.

  That confuses me.  I don't see how that works.

  Alan DeKok.

From diego@tid.es  Sat Mar 16 00:56:42 2013
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From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 05:23:29 2013
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>>>>> "Peter" == Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com> writes:

    Peter> I don't have a negative opinion of TCP setup time.

    Peter> Prefer UDP since there are no delays or dependencies on
    Peter> flight of other requests.  No head of line where RTO effects
    Peter> a queue of requests rather than a single request.  Tend to
    Peter> identify with sentiments of RFC 2865 section 2.4.

If you want this behavior, open multiple TCP requests or propose RADIUS
over SCTP.

With regard to Alex's draft and the MTU issue, I stand behind my claim
that it will tend to involve fragmentation at multiple layers.  There's
no way to learn the MTU that is currently being proposed.  In addition,
because the protocol is lock-step, there is a significant penalty to
limiting the size of transmitted packets.

I think both Peter's fragmentation data approach and Alex's draft will
require significant transport review because they both propose protocols
with complex MTU/congestion/fragmentation/performance characteristics.
In the case of Alex's draft I expect the conclusion will be that there's
no better option that works with existing proxies. With respect to
Peter's fragmentation data, I believe the analysis is that UDP is the
wrong option for what he's trying to do and we have multiple better
transport options available.

--Sam

From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Mon Mar 18 06:31:38 2013
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Hi,

I have one comment about section 2.8 of the document.

Imagine
* an end-user device which produces valid UTF-8 NAIs; they are not in
NFC form though; in particular, the realm portion is interspersed with
U+FEFF characters ("zero-width, non-breaking space", i.e "nothing").
* his EAP server knows about this "strange" representation of the
identity and configures the corresponding byte sequence as a realm he is
willing to authenticate (i.e. terminate EAP for)

As per the draft, this will work nicely; both ends of EAP know each
other's representation of the username, and act accordingly.

In a AAA routing scenario as described in 2.8, forwarding of the
authentication will break unless all intermediate proxies are /also/
provided with the knowledge that this one realm can have the
non-normalised appearance in question.

This requires either signalling of numerous representations of the same
realm throughout all concerned proxies (which doesn't scale well), or
will lead to a "sorry, use a more sane representation" DoS.

I find both alternatives rather unfortunate.

How about the following tweak to the routing decision algorithm in 2.8:

Old text:

"Intermediate nodes MUST use the "utf8-realm" portion of the NAI
   without modification to perform this lookup.  Comparisons between the
   NAI as given in a AAA packet, and as provisioned in a logical AAA
   routing table SHOULD be done as a byte-for-byte equality test."

New text:

"Intermediate nodes MUST use the "utf8-realm" portion of the NAI
   to perform this lookup.  Comparisons between the NAI as given in a
   AAA packet, and as provisioned in a logical AAA routing table SHOULD
   be done as a byte-for-byte equality test of the normalized form (NFC)
   of the NAI and the normalized form (NFC) of the entry in the AAA
   routing table."

Note that this does not manipulate the realm representation in the
packet; it merely changes the logical handling of realms in proxies.

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

On 28.01.2013 16:50, internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>=20
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts dire=
ctories.
>  This draft is a work item of the RADIUS EXTensions Working Group of th=
e IETF.
>=20
> 	Title           : The Network Access Identifier
> 	Author(s)       : Alan DeKok
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> 	Pages           : 22
> 	Date            : 2013-01-28
>=20
> Abstract:
>    In order to provide inter-domain authentication services, it is
>    necessary to have a standardized method that domains can use to
>    identify each others users.  This document defines the syntax for th=
e
>    Network Access Identifier (NAI), the user identity submitted by the
>    client prior to accessing network resources. This document is a
>    revised version of RFC 4282 [RFC4282], which addresses issues with
>    international character sets, as well as a number of other
>    corrections to the previous document.
>=20
>=20
> The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-radext-nai
>=20
> There's also a htmlized version available at:
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-radext-nai-02
>=20
> A diff from the previous version is available at:
> http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-radext-nai-02
>=20
>=20
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From aland@deployingradius.com  Mon Mar 18 06:34:30 2013
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  I agree with SAM here.  Re-implementing TCP over UDP is a horrible
idea.  The only reason to use it is the limitations of existing proxy
networks.

  Alan DeKok.

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 06:46:39 2013
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"Intermediate nodes MUST use the "utf8-realm" portion of the NAI
   without modification to perform this lookup.  Comparisons between the
   NAI as given in a AAA packet, and as provisioned in a logical AAA
   routing table SHOULD be done as a byte-for-byte equality test."

New text:

"Intermediate nodes MUST use the "utf8-realm" portion of the NAI
   to perform this lookup.  Comparisons between the NAI as given in a
   AAA packet, and as provisioned in a logical AAA routing table SHOULD
   be doneusing a normalization-insensitive comparison function."

Rationale: consistent with what the filesystem community and other parts
of the apps community (especially outside the IETF) are doing.  One
obvious normalization-insensitive comparison function is what you
propose: normalize both sides.  However, the important thing in terms of
implementing this is to be normalization insensitive. We want to
encourage people to call into their unicode library, not roll their own.

--Sam


From peterd@iea-software.com  Mon Mar 18 08:37:53 2013
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Date: Mon, 18 Mar 2013 08:37:47 -0700 (Pacific Daylight Time)
From: Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com>
To: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>
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Subject: Re: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
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On Mon, 18 Mar 2013, Sam Hartman wrote:

>>>>>> "Peter" == Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com> writes:

>    Peter> I don't have a negative opinion of TCP setup time.
>    Peter> Prefer UDP since there are no delays or dependencies on
>    Peter> flight of other requests.  No head of line where RTO effects
>    Peter> a queue of requests rather than a single request.  Tend to
>    Peter> identify with sentiments of RFC 2865 section 2.4.

> If you want this behavior, open multiple TCP requests or propose RADIUS
> over SCTP.

I agree these are alternatives.

> With regard to Alex's draft and the MTU issue, I stand behind my claim
> that it will tend to involve fragmentation at multiple layers.  There's
> no way to learn the MTU that is currently being proposed.  In addition,
> because the protocol is lock-step, there is a significant penalty to
> limiting the size of transmitted packets.

> I think both Peter's fragmentation data approach and Alex's draft will
> require significant transport review because they both propose protocols
> with complex MTU/congestion/fragmentation/performance characteristics.

While I understand why this issue is being raised I don't understand what 
makes Alex's upcoming draft different than EAP and operational experience 
applicable to its use.

> In the case of Alex's draft I expect the conclusion will be that there's
> no better option that works with existing proxies. With respect to

> Peter's fragmentation data, I believe the analysis is that UDP is the
> wrong option for what he's trying to do and we have multiple better
> transport options available.

UDP is what is actually being used.  I don't have the luxury of ignoring 
it.

regards,
Peter

From ietf@augustcellars.com  Mon Mar 18 09:33:41 2013
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From: "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com>
To: "'Stefan Winter'" <stefan.winter@restena.lu>, <radext@ietf.org>
References: <20130128155031.8392.45953.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <5147172F.8090100@restena.lu>
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I would not support this change.

I would suggest that in this case that the AAA client should be the one =
that
does the required normalization or mapping into the normal form as part =
of
its "I know where this is supposed to be going" work.

I don't see any reason to impose this onto the middle proxies rather =
than
the injecting system.

Jim


> -----Original Message-----
> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On =
Behalf
> Of Stefan Winter
> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 6:31 AM
> To: radext@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
>=20
> Hi,
>=20
> I have one comment about section 2.8 of the document.
>=20
> Imagine
> * an end-user device which produces valid UTF-8 NAIs; they are not in =
NFC
> form though; in particular, the realm portion is interspersed with
> U+FEFF characters ("zero-width, non-breaking space", i.e "nothing").
> * his EAP server knows about this "strange" representation of the =
identity
> and configures the corresponding byte sequence as a realm he is =
willing to
> authenticate (i.e. terminate EAP for)
>=20
> As per the draft, this will work nicely; both ends of EAP know each
other's
> representation of the username, and act accordingly.
>=20
> In a AAA routing scenario as described in 2.8, forwarding of the
> authentication will break unless all intermediate proxies are /also/
provided
> with the knowledge that this one realm can have the non-normalised
> appearance in question.
>=20
> This requires either signalling of numerous representations of the =
same
> realm throughout all concerned proxies (which doesn't scale well), or =
will
> lead to a "sorry, use a more sane representation" DoS.
>=20
> I find both alternatives rather unfortunate.
>=20
> How about the following tweak to the routing decision algorithm in =
2.8:
>=20
> Old text:
>=20
> "Intermediate nodes MUST use the "utf8-realm" portion of the NAI
>    without modification to perform this lookup.  Comparisons between =
the
>    NAI as given in a AAA packet, and as provisioned in a logical AAA
>    routing table SHOULD be done as a byte-for-byte equality test."
>=20
> New text:
>=20
> "Intermediate nodes MUST use the "utf8-realm" portion of the NAI
>    to perform this lookup.  Comparisons between the NAI as given in a
>    AAA packet, and as provisioned in a logical AAA routing table =
SHOULD
>    be done as a byte-for-byte equality test of the normalized form =
(NFC)
>    of the NAI and the normalized form (NFC) of the entry in the AAA
>    routing table."
>=20
> Note that this does not manipulate the realm representation in the =
packet;
it
> merely changes the logical handling of realms in proxies.
>=20
> Greetings,
>=20
> Stefan Winter
>=20
> On 28.01.2013 16:50, internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> >
> > A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
> directories.
> >  This draft is a work item of the RADIUS EXTensions Working Group of =
the
> IETF.
> >
> > 	Title           : The Network Access Identifier
> > 	Author(s)       : Alan DeKok
> > 	Filename        : draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> > 	Pages           : 22
> > 	Date            : 2013-01-28
> >
> > Abstract:
> >    In order to provide inter-domain authentication services, it is
> >    necessary to have a standardized method that domains can use to
> >    identify each others users.  This document defines the syntax for =
the
> >    Network Access Identifier (NAI), the user identity submitted by =
the
> >    client prior to accessing network resources. This document is a
> >    revised version of RFC 4282 [RFC4282], which addresses issues =
with
> >    international character sets, as well as a number of other
> >    corrections to the previous document.
> >
> >
> > The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
> > https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-radext-nai
> >
> > There's also a htmlized version available at:
> > http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-radext-nai-02
> >
> > A diff from the previous version is available at:
> > http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-radext-nai-02
> >
> >
> > Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
> > ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > radext mailing list
> > radext@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
> >
>=20
>=20
> --
> Stefan WINTER
> Ingenieur de Recherche
> Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education =
Nationale et de
> la Recherche 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
> L-1359 Luxembourg
>=20
> Tel: +352 424409 1
> Fax: +352 422473



From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 10:22:36 2013
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>>>>> "Jim" == Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com> writes:

    Jim> I would not support this change.  I would suggest that in this
    Jim> case that the AAA client should be the one that does the
    Jim> required normalization or mapping into the normal form as part
    Jim> of its "I know where this is supposed to be going" work.

    Jim> I don't see any reason to impose this onto the middle proxies
    Jim> rather than the injecting system.

We have a lot of experience in the i18n space that suggests you're much
better off normalizing as late as possible.  When you normalize at
injection you can lose information and collapse things together that a
later party may wish you had not.  The person using the information is
in a much better position to know what options they need to distinguish
between and thus is in a better position to know what normalization is
appropriate.

The major exceptions to this rule are when you're forced to normalize
before hashing/encrypting or when you have a legacy system like the DNS.

--Sam

From aland@deployingradius.com  Mon Mar 18 11:47:41 2013
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Cc: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>, radext@ietf.org
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> While I understand why this issue is being raised I don't understand
> what makes Alex's upcoming draft different than EAP and operational
> experience applicable to its use.

  Many uses of EAP are EAPoL.  EAP over RADIUS is really using RADIUS as
a replacement for Ethernet.  As such, any expectations about the
transport layer are pretty much zero.  It gets a packet from A to B.
Mostly.  Most of the time.

  The fragmentation proposals are doing transport of bulk data.  As
such, they're really competing with TCP.

  RADIUS is a horrible replacement for TCP.  It's only being proposed
here (IMHO) as a temporary migration path.  Once the proxies do RADIUS
over TCP, *and* allow for 64K RADIUS packets, the fragmentation
proposals become less relevant.

  Alan DeKok.

From ietf@augustcellars.com  Mon Mar 18 11:58:17 2013
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From: "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com>
To: "'Sam Hartman'" <hartmans@painless-security.com>
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Sam,

In the descriptive text that Stefan provided, he said that the AAA client
was configured with the fact that the names were the same.  Thus there is no
reason for it not to do the mapping on that information rather than
normalization.

If we are talking about delaying the normalization, then we are looking at
what the AAA client as oppose to the AAA server is looking for in the
un-normalized name.   AAA proxies are always going to want to see the
normalized version of the name.  

There may be other issues in non-AAA systems, but again we are looking at
three different entities, the initial client, any proxies in the middle and
the final destination server.  We are imposing work on the middle proxies in
order to get something that is not necessarily a strong benefit for the
final server.

Jim


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Sam Hartman [mailto:hartmans@painless-security.com]
> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 10:22 AM
> To: Jim Schaad
> Cc: 'Stefan Winter'; radext@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> 
> >>>>> "Jim" == Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com> writes:
> 
>     Jim> I would not support this change.  I would suggest that in this
>     Jim> case that the AAA client should be the one that does the
>     Jim> required normalization or mapping into the normal form as part
>     Jim> of its "I know where this is supposed to be going" work.
> 
>     Jim> I don't see any reason to impose this onto the middle proxies
>     Jim> rather than the injecting system.
> 
> We have a lot of experience in the i18n space that suggests you're much
> better off normalizing as late as possible.  When you normalize at
injection
> you can lose information and collapse things together that a later party
may
> wish you had not.  The person using the information is in a much better
> position to know what options they need to distinguish between and thus is
in
> a better position to know what normalization is appropriate.
> 
> The major exceptions to this rule are when you're forced to normalize
before
> hashing/encrypting or when you have a legacy system like the DNS.
> 
> --Sam


From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 12:18:20 2013
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>>>>> "Jim" == Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com> writes:

    Jim> Sam, In the descriptive text that Stefan provided, he said that
    Jim> the AAA client was configured with the fact that the names were
    Jim> the same.  Thus there is no reason for it not to do the mapping
    Jim> on that information rather than normalization.

    Jim> If we are talking about delaying the normalization, then we are
    Jim> looking at what the AAA client as oppose to the AAA server is
    Jim> looking for in the un-normalized name.  AAA proxies are always
    Jim> going to want to see the normalized version of the name.

Yeah, I agree his example is not the best.  However, I suspect that both
aaa-servers and aaa-proxies will perform better if given the
un-normalized name.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Mon Mar 18 12:31:02 2013
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From: Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com>
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Cc: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>, radext@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
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On Mon, 18 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

> Peter Deacon wrote:
>> While I understand why this issue is being raised I don't understand
>> what makes Alex's upcoming draft different than EAP and operational
>> experience applicable to its use.

>  Many uses of EAP are EAPoL.  EAP over RADIUS is really using RADIUS as 
> a replacement for Ethernet.  As such, any expectations about the 
> transport layer are pretty much zero.  It gets a packet from A to B. 
> Mostly.  Most of the time.

>  The fragmentation proposals are doing transport of bulk data.  As such, 
> they're really competing with TCP.

What is different about the semantics of transporting EAP over RADIUS 
compared with Alex's draft?

On the surface they both appear to me to have the same properties.  If I 
am missing something any hints/clue would be much appreciated.

Both are transported blindly thru proxies without regard for intermediate 
MTU considerations.

Both are lock step, both give the sender full control over amount of data 
to be transmitted at a time.

If they are the same I would just expect operational experience (positive 
or negative) from widely deployed experience with EAP to also be directly 
applicable to Alex's draft.

>  RADIUS is a horrible replacement for TCP.  It's only being proposed
> here (IMHO) as a temporary migration path.  Once the proxies do RADIUS
> over TCP, *and* allow for 64K RADIUS packets, the fragmentation
> proposals become less relevant.

Horrible is an opinion not a reason.  You still have to deliver to/from 
clients which far outnumber server implementations.

regards,
Peter

From aland@deployingradius.com  Mon Mar 18 12:35:28 2013
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  I agree with Jim here.

  As I write RADIUS servers instead of supplicants, I think the
normalization work should be pushed off onto supplicants.

  The document already says that realm names MUST be registrable as
names within DNS.  DNS requires NFC.  Therefore, realms are NFC.  Any
supplicant injecting non-NFC names is wrong.

  re: Sam's comments on i18n space, I'm not sure it's relevant to have
the home server normalize the realm name.  I'm curious to know what
information is in the non-NFC form which is needed by the home server.

  The home server knows who it's users are, and can just use names,
without a realm portion.  If it gets a realm, it verifies that it owns
the realm, but that verification is largely site-specific.  e.g.
EXAMPLE\foo versus foo@example.com.

  So the main use for realms is proxies.  They don't care about the
*content* of the realm.  They just want to use it as an opaque token.
Realm A goes to RADIUS server for Realm A, etc.

  Alan DeKok.

From aland@deployingradius.com  Mon Mar 18 12:38:23 2013
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> What is different about the semantics of transporting EAP over RADIUS
> compared with Alex's draft?

  I explained that in my previous message.

> Horrible is an opinion not a reason.  You still have to deliver to/from
> clients which far outnumber server implementations.

  The use-cases for abfab are largely dealing with RADIUS servers.
Access points likely won't be sending SAML assertions.

  If the systems need to send bulk data over RADIUS, they will upgrade.
 For now, upgrading RADIUS servers is easier than upgrading clients.
It's also a first step.  There's no point in upgrading clients until the
RADIUS servers support TCP.

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Mon Mar 18 13:27:56 2013
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On Mon, 18 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

> Peter Deacon wrote:
>> What is different about the semantics of transporting EAP over RADIUS
>> compared with Alex's draft?

>  I explained that in my previous message.

I reread your message and did not see the relevance.  The client 
retransmits in lock step the same as Alex's.  Ethernet properties are 
irrelevant.

What is the average expected size of SAML data to be transported?

>From draft-perez-radext-radius-fragmentation-05 Section 5.
"It is RECOMMENDED that the limits be set to a few tens of kilobytes"

Transporting >=2048 bit public keys and certificate chains over EAP adding 
all the round trips to negotiate methods and handshake seems to be a 
pretty good approximation of handling data both in terms of maxing out MTU 
and dealing with about the same number of round trips.

I'm not saying this is good or bad I'm just trying to understand the major 
differences that prevent EAP being used to reason about the properties of 
Alex's draft.

regards,
Peter

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 14:52:17 2013
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--=-=-=


Dear Pete and Barry:

I think radext  could use some help on the i18n front; I'm fairly
convinced that a decision we seem to be making is the wrong approach,
but I don't have quite enough clue or mental bandwidth to argue it.
Briefly, we're debating where normalization of network access
identifiers should happen.
I'm reasonably sure that this is a case where normalization should
happen as close to use as possible.
The current thinking seems to be that normalization should happen on the
client and I think many of the reasons that have made that approach
problematic for other architectures apply here.

Any chance you could get someone to review this draft and take another
look at the issue?



--=-=-=
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Content-Disposition: inline

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Date: Mon, 18 Mar 2013 15:34:04 -0400
From: Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com>
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Subject: Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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  I agree with Jim here.

  As I write RADIUS servers instead of supplicants, I think the
normalization work should be pushed off onto supplicants.

  The document already says that realm names MUST be registrable as
names within DNS.  DNS requires NFC.  Therefore, realms are NFC.  Any
supplicant injecting non-NFC names is wrong.

  re: Sam's comments on i18n space, I'm not sure it's relevant to have
the home server normalize the realm name.  I'm curious to know what
information is in the non-NFC form which is needed by the home server.

  The home server knows who it's users are, and can just use names,
without a realm portion.  If it gets a realm, it verifies that it owns
the realm, but that verification is largely site-specific.  e.g.
EXAMPLE\foo versus foo@example.com.

  So the main use for realms is proxies.  They don't care about the
*content* of the realm.  They just want to use it as an opaque token.
Realm A goes to RADIUS server for Realm A, etc.

  Alan DeKok.


--=-=-=--

From bernard_aboba@hotmail.com  Mon Mar 18 14:58:31 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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I agree that the NAI draft is broken, if only because "the client" can mean a=
nything from a PPP peer to an HTTP client or SIP UA. Attempting to write a s=
ingle ABNF covering HTTP and SIP URIs, as well as EAP, PPP, L2TP, IKEv2, etc=
. let alone to insist that RADIUS proxies have no role in normalization, see=
ms to be contradicted by other RADEXT drafts as well as by experience and co=
mmon sense.

On Mar 18, 2013, at 17:52, "Sam Hartman" <hartmans@painless-security.com> wr=
ote:

>=20
> Dear Pete and Barry:
>=20
> I think radext  could use some help on the i18n front; I'm fairly
> convinced that a decision we seem to be making is the wrong approach,
> but I don't have quite enough clue or mental bandwidth to argue it.
> Briefly, we're debating where normalization of network access
> identifiers should happen.
> I'm reasonably sure that this is a case where normalization should
> happen as close to use as possible.
> The current thinking seems to be that normalization should happen on the
> client and I think many of the reasons that have made that approach
> problematic for other architectures apply here.
>=20
> Any chance you could get someone to review this draft and take another
> look at the issue?
>=20
>=20
> <mime-attachment>
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext

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Peter Deacon wrote:
> I reread your message and did not see the relevance.  The client
> retransmits in lock step the same as Alex's.  Ethernet properties are
> irrelevant.

  I explained why they're not.

> I'm not saying this is good or bad I'm just trying to understand the
> major differences that prevent EAP being used to reason about the
> properties of Alex's draft.

  I did *not* say anyone was prevented from using EAP like that.  *I*
used EAP like that.

  Can you explain why you keep straw-manning me?


  Supplicants *can't* do TCP, because they have no net access.  So any
EAP transport is *allowed* to be horrible, because it's no worse than
Ethernet.

  RADIUS servers *can* do TCP, so horrible transports are use only when
there is no alternative.

  I don't *care* that Alex's draft is no worse (or better) than EAP.  A
better alternative exists: TCP.  Therefore we should use it.  The only
reason to *not* use TCP is implementation delays.

  Alan DeKok.

From aland@deployingradius.com  Mon Mar 18 15:16:39 2013
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Bernard Aboba wrote:
> I agree that the NAI draft is broken, if only because "the client" can mean anything from a PPP peer to an HTTP client or SIP UA.
 Attempting to write a single ABNF covering HTTP and SIP URIs, as well
as EAP, PPP, L2TP, IKEv2, etc. let alone to insist that RADIUS proxies
have no role in normalization, seems to be contradicted by other RADEXT
drafts as well as by experience and common sense.

  What other drafts require RADIUS proxies to normalize usernames / realms?

  What else can we do to replace RFC 4282, which is arguably *worse*
than the current draft?

  Alan DeKok.

From ietf@augustcellars.com  Mon Mar 18 15:18:22 2013
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Bernard,

Just so I can follow the argument.  Which RADEXT drafts are you referring
to?

Jim


> -----Original Message-----
> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
> Of Bernard Aboba
> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 2:58 PM
> To: Sam Hartman
> Cc: radext@ietf.org; Pete Resnick; Barry Leiba
> Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action:
draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> 
> I agree that the NAI draft is broken, if only because "the client" can
mean
> anything from a PPP peer to an HTTP client or SIP UA. Attempting to write
a
> single ABNF covering HTTP and SIP URIs, as well as EAP, PPP, L2TP, IKEv2,
> etc. let alone to insist that RADIUS proxies have no role in
normalization,
> seems to be contradicted by other RADEXT drafts as well as by experience
> and common sense.
> 
> On Mar 18, 2013, at 17:52, "Sam Hartman" <hartmans@painless-
> security.com> wrote:
> 
> >
> > Dear Pete and Barry:
> >
> > I think radext  could use some help on the i18n front; I'm fairly
> > convinced that a decision we seem to be making is the wrong approach,
> > but I don't have quite enough clue or mental bandwidth to argue it.
> > Briefly, we're debating where normalization of network access
> > identifiers should happen.
> > I'm reasonably sure that this is a case where normalization should
> > happen as close to use as possible.
> > The current thinking seems to be that normalization should happen on
> > the client and I think many of the reasons that have made that
> > approach problematic for other architectures apply here.
> >
> > Any chance you could get someone to review this draft and take another
> > look at the issue?
> >
> >
> > <mime-attachment>
> > _______________________________________________
> > radext mailing list
> > radext@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


From bernard_aboba@hotmail.com  Mon Mar 18 15:40:40 2013
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On Mar 18, 2013, at 18:16, "Alan DeKok" <aland@deployingradius.com> wrote:

>=20
>  What other drafts require RADIUS proxies to normalize usernames / realms?=


[BA] The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes that realms won't necessarily ap=
pear in the User-Name attribute in normalized form.=20

>=20
>  What else can we do to replace RFC 4282, which is arguably *worse*
> than the current draft?

[BA] Focus only on the scope that the Charter outlines for the document: the=
 Network Access Identifier, which is a term that applies to Network Access a=
lone. This includes EAP, PPP, etc. but NOT HTTP, SIP, etc.  The NAI draft sh=
ould not talk about the contents of the RADIUS User-Name attribute -- that s=
hould be handled by a separate document.=20


>=20
>  Alan DeKok.
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 15:44:53 2013
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>>>>> "Pete" == Pete Resnick <presnick@qti.qualcomm.com> writes:

    Pete> Are these identifiers (usernames, realm names) things that
    Pete> users actually type in (i.e., user interface elements) or are
    Pete> they protocol elements? The answer will very much depend on
    Pete> which sort of thing they are. (And I have a sneaking suspicion
    Pete> that you're going to tell me that they are both, which is
    Pete> going to make your job much more difficult.) So, at what layer
    Pete> are these things used?

They're both.
Their use is very similar to Kerberos principals or jabber jids.
(Their format and the legacy issues are of course unique and special in
the worst possible way)

They can be typed in by users; for example on Android when you go
configure an EAP wireless network you type in a string that acts as a
NAI.
Or they can be provisioned.
For example, you can provision them centrally using Windows group
policy.
Provisioning is more recommended that typing in but both happen.


From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 16:02:18 2013
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>>>>> "Bernard" == Bernard Aboba <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com> writes:


    Bernard> [BA] Focus only on the scope that the Charter outlines for
    Bernard> the document: the Network Access Identifier, which is a
    Bernard> term that applies to Network Access alone. This includes
    Bernard> EAP, PPP, etc. but NOT HTTP, SIP, etc.  The NAI draft
    Bernard> should not talk about the contents of the RADIUS User-Name
    Bernard> attribute -- that should be handled by a separate document.

Bernard, unfortunately, some of us really need to cover
non-network-access use cases of EAP and we'd really like to see the same
treatment of network access use cases of EAP.
I'd prefer to keep all EAP use cases in this draft.

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> -----Original Message-----
> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
> Of Bernard Aboba
> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 3:41 PM
> To: Alan DeKok
> Cc: Sam Hartman; Pete Resnick; Barry Leiba; radext@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action:
draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> 
> 
> 
> On Mar 18, 2013, at 18:16, "Alan DeKok" <aland@deployingradius.com>
> wrote:
> 
> >
> >  What other drafts require RADIUS proxies to normalize usernames /
> realms?
> 
> [BA] The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes that realms won't necessarily
> appear in the User-Name attribute in normalized form.

The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes the following:
1.  What is in the UserName field may not be an NAI
2.  What is in the UserName field realm portion needs to somehow be mapped
to a DNS name (much easier if already normalized).

Note that it does not talk about the process of normalization in any way.
It talks about how to map from a UTF-8 realm name to a DNS name.

Jim

> 
> >
> >  What else can we do to replace RFC 4282, which is arguably *worse*
> > than the current draft?
> 
> [BA] Focus only on the scope that the Charter outlines for the document:
the
> Network Access Identifier, which is a term that applies to Network Access
> alone. This includes EAP, PPP, etc. but NOT HTTP, SIP, etc.  The NAI draft
> should not talk about the contents of the RADIUS User-Name attribute --
> that should be handled by a separate document.
> 
> 
> >
> >  Alan DeKok.
> > _______________________________________________
> > radext mailing list
> > radext@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


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EAP use cases are fine.

On Mar 18, 2013, at 7:02 PM, "Sam Hartman" <hartmans@painless-security.com> w=
rote:

>>>>>> "Bernard" =3D=3D Bernard Aboba <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com> writes:
>=20
>=20
>    Bernard> [BA] Focus only on the scope that the Charter outlines for
>    Bernard> the document: the Network Access Identifier, which is a
>    Bernard> term that applies to Network Access alone. This includes
>    Bernard> EAP, PPP, etc. but NOT HTTP, SIP, etc.  The NAI draft
>    Bernard> should not talk about the contents of the RADIUS User-Name
>    Bernard> attribute -- that should be handled by a separate document.
>=20
> Bernard, unfortunately, some of us really need to cover
> non-network-access use cases of EAP and we'd really like to see the same
> treatment of network access use cases of EAP.
> I'd prefer to keep all EAP use cases in this draft.

From bernard_aboba@hotmail.com  Mon Mar 18 16:22:22 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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Point #1 is particularly relevant here - which is why handling the NAI and t=
he RADIUS User-Name attribute in the same doc (as if they were the same) is d=
o problematic.

On Mar 18, 2013, at 7:16 PM, "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com> wrote:

>=20
>=20
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
>> Of Bernard Aboba
>> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 3:41 PM
>> To: Alan DeKok
>> Cc: Sam Hartman; Pete Resnick; Barry Leiba; radext@ietf.org
>> Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action:
> draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> On Mar 18, 2013, at 18:16, "Alan DeKok" <aland@deployingradius.com>
>> wrote:
>>=20
>>>=20
>>> What other drafts require RADIUS proxies to normalize usernames /
>> realms?
>>=20
>> [BA] The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes that realms won't necessarily=

>> appear in the User-Name attribute in normalized form.
>=20
> The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes the following:
> 1.  What is in the UserName field may not be an NAI
> 2.  What is in the UserName field realm portion needs to somehow be mapped=

> to a DNS name (much easier if already normalized).
>=20
> Note that it does not talk about the process of normalization in any way.
> It talks about how to map from a UTF-8 realm name to a DNS name.
>=20
> Jim
>=20
>>=20
>>>=20
>>> What else can we do to replace RFC 4282, which is arguably *worse*
>>> than the current draft?
>>=20
>> [BA] Focus only on the scope that the Charter outlines for the document:
> the
>> Network Access Identifier, which is a term that applies to Network Access=

>> alone. This includes EAP, PPP, etc. but NOT HTTP, SIP, etc.  The NAI draf=
t
>> should not talk about the contents of the RADIUS User-Name attribute --
>> that should be handled by a separate document.
>>=20
>>=20
>>>=20
>>> Alan DeKok.
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> radext mailing list
>>> radext@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>> _______________________________________________
>> radext mailing list
>> radext@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20

From peterd@iea-software.com  Mon Mar 18 16:29:43 2013
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Date: Mon, 18 Mar 2013 16:29:48 -0700 (Pacific Daylight Time)
From: Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com>
To: Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com>
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Cc: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>, "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
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On Mon, 18 Mar 2013, Alan DeKok wrote:

>  Supplicants *can't* do TCP, because they have no net access.  So any 
> EAP transport is *allowed* to be horrible, because it's no worse than 
> Ethernet.

>  RADIUS servers *can* do TCP, so horrible transports are use only when 
> there is no alternative.

>  I don't *care* that Alex's draft is no worse (or better) than EAP.  A 
> better alternative exists: TCP.  Therefore we should use it.  The only 
> reason to *not* use TCP is implementation delays.

I think there is a misunderstanding in what has been asked.  In the 
context of my question I am not concerned with:

What can or can't do TCP
Which protocol is better
Why protocol x is better than protocol y
Why x implements y while z implements c

The only question or observation I wish to make is that Alex's scheme 
whatever you may think of it looks a lot like EAP over RADIUS in terms of 
lock step, maximum fragment size, rough number of round trips and presence 
of proxies forwarding up to maximum fragment size.

To the extent comments about the properties of Alex's fragmentation scheme 
are being discussed specifically the following concerns expressed by Sam:

"draft will require significant transport review because they both propose 
protocols with complex MTU/congestion/fragmentation/performance 
characteristics."

"Alex's draft and the MTU issue, I stand behind my claim that it will tend 
to involve fragmentation at multiple layers.  There's no way to learn the 
MTU that is currently being proposed."

My observation or question is could we look toward current widespread 
deployment of RADIUS/EAP to help understand these concerns with respect to 
Alex's fragmentation scheme only?

Again I am not making any determinations and I understand EAP is more 
conversational than bulk transfer and there are different constraints 
however the MTU issue especially I believe could benefit from operational 
experience with RADIUS/EAP.

regards,
Peter

From hartmans@painless-security.com  Mon Mar 18 17:08:15 2013
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>>>>> "Peter" == Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com> writes:

    Peter> To the extent comments about the properties of Alex's
    Peter> fragmentation scheme are being discussed specifically the
    Peter> following concerns expressed by Sam:

    Peter> "draft will require significant transport review because they
    Peter> both propose protocols with complex
    Peter> MTU/congestion/fragmentation/performance characteristics."

    Peter> "Alex's draft and the MTU issue, I stand behind my claim that
    Peter> it will tend to involve fragmentation at multiple layers.
    Peter> There's no way to learn the MTU that is currently being
    Peter> proposed."

    Peter> My observation or question is could we look toward current
    Peter> widespread deployment of RADIUS/EAP to help understand these
    Peter> concerns with respect to Alex's fragmentation scheme only?

Yes. 
I think that will help us.

From aland@deployingradius.com  Mon Mar 18 17:09:04 2013
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Cc: Sam Hartman <hartmans@painless-security.com>, "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> I think there is a misunderstanding in what has been asked.  In the
> context of my question I am not concerned with:
> 
> What can or can't do TCP
> Which protocol is better
> Why protocol x is better than protocol y
> Why x implements y while z implements c

  OK.

> The only question or observation I wish to make is that Alex's scheme
> whatever you may think of it looks a lot like EAP over RADIUS in terms
> of lock step, maximum fragment size, rough number of round trips and
> presence of proxies forwarding up to maximum fragment size.

  Yes, they look very similar.

> To the extent comments about the properties of Alex's fragmentation
> scheme are being discussed specifically the following concerns expressed
> by Sam:
> 
> "draft will require significant transport review because they both
> propose protocols with complex MTU/congestion/fragmentation/performance
> characteristics."
> 
> "Alex's draft and the MTU issue, I stand behind my claim that it will
> tend to involve fragmentation at multiple layers.  There's no way to
> learn the MTU that is currently being proposed."
> 
> My observation or question is could we look toward current widespread
> deployment of RADIUS/EAP to help understand these concerns with respect
> to Alex's fragmentation scheme only?

  No.

  We can point to EAP over RADIUS and say that fragmentation will
*mostly* work.

  The transport people don't care.  They will describe it as a horrible
hack, and they will be right.  They will point out that we can use TCP
instead of fragmentation, and they will be right.

  The only defense is to say it's a temporary measure meant to work with
existing implementations.  The transport people will ensure that the
fragmentation draft has big warnings saying it's a terrible idea that
will destroy the Internet and should be removed ASAP.  (I'm only
slightly exaggerating)

> Again I am not making any determinations and I understand EAP is more
> conversational than bulk transfer and there are different constraints
> however the MTU issue especially I believe could benefit from
> operational experience with RADIUS/EAP.

  Of course.

  The traditional RADIUS response to MTU issues is to stick your fingers
in your ears and say <la la la la la>

  Alan DeKok.

From ietf@augustcellars.com  Mon Mar 18 17:25:25 2013
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From: "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com>
To: "'Bernard Aboba'" <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>
References: <tslehfctlz1.fsf@mit.edu> <BLU401-EAS27345C42BDF3DFBFF61429A93E80@phx.gbl> <51479244.4040004@deployingradius.com> <BLU404-EAS828E90520FB398D228188A93E80@phx.gbl> <095301ce242e$801f3ef0$805dbcd0$@augustcellars.com> <BLU402-EAS118AC3A0D2B04FDB73968BD93E80@phx.gbl>
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Cc: 'Sam Hartman' <hartmans@painless-security.com>, 'Pete Resnick' <presnick@qti.qualcomm.com>, 'Barry Leiba' <barryleiba@computer.org>, radext@ietf.org, 'Alan DeKok' <aland@deployingradius.com>
Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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So I just did  search in the document for User-Name just to see how
overlapped they are.  The document says 

* NAIs are often transported in the User-Name field of RADIUS and Diameter
* Putting localized text into a User-Name field is problematic (because
User-Name is not NAI)
* Don't do ToAscii on NAI before putting into a User-Name field.

Of that list only the last one seems to be an issue from the point of
separation.  The text seems to be very clear that they are not the same
thing.

Jim

 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bernard Aboba [mailto:bernard_aboba@hotmail.com]
> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 4:22 PM
> To: Jim Schaad
> Cc: Alan DeKok; Sam Hartman; Pete Resnick; Barry Leiba; radext@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action:
draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> 
> Point #1 is particularly relevant here - which is why handling the NAI and
the
> RADIUS User-Name attribute in the same doc (as if they were the same) is
do
> problematic.
> 
> On Mar 18, 2013, at 7:16 PM, "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com> wrote:
> 
> >
> >
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On
> >> Behalf Of Bernard Aboba
> >> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 3:41 PM
> >> To: Alan DeKok
> >> Cc: Sam Hartman; Pete Resnick; Barry Leiba; radext@ietf.org
> >> Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action:
> > draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> On Mar 18, 2013, at 18:16, "Alan DeKok" <aland@deployingradius.com>
> >> wrote:
> >>
> >>>
> >>> What other drafts require RADIUS proxies to normalize usernames /
> >> realms?
> >>
> >> [BA] The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes that realms won't
> >> necessarily appear in the User-Name attribute in normalized form.
> >
> > The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes the following:
> > 1.  What is in the UserName field may not be an NAI 2.  What is in the
> > UserName field realm portion needs to somehow be mapped to a DNS name
> > (much easier if already normalized).
> >
> > Note that it does not talk about the process of normalization in any
way.
> > It talks about how to map from a UTF-8 realm name to a DNS name.
> >
> > Jim
> >
> >>
> >>>
> >>> What else can we do to replace RFC 4282, which is arguably *worse*
> >>> than the current draft?
> >>
> >> [BA] Focus only on the scope that the Charter outlines for the
document:
> > the
> >> Network Access Identifier, which is a term that applies to Network
> >> Access alone. This includes EAP, PPP, etc. but NOT HTTP, SIP, etc.
> >> The NAI draft should not talk about the contents of the RADIUS
> >> User-Name attribute -- that should be handled by a separate document.
> >>
> >>
> >>>
> >>> Alan DeKok.
> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>> radext mailing list
> >>> radext@ietf.org
> >>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> radext mailing list
> >> radext@ietf.org
> >> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
> >


From ietf@augustcellars.com  Mon Mar 18 17:30:52 2013
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References: <tsl38vy80ul.fsf@mit.edu>	<alpine.WNT.2.00.1303142222290.2600@SMURF> <tslfvzszykk.fsf@mit.edu>	<alpine.WNT.2.00.1303180809290.2600@SMURF>	<51476121.1090704@deployingradius.com>	<alpine.WNT.2.00.1303181205230.2600@SMURF>	<51476D06.80202@deployingradius.com>	<alpine.WNT.2.00.1303181246580.2600@SMURF>	<5147918E.2000602@deployingradius.com>	<alpine.WNT.2.00.1303181559060.1116@littlesmurf> <tslboags13n.fsf@mit.edu>
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Cc: radext@ietf.org, 'Alan DeKok' <aland@deployingradius.com>
Subject: Re: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
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It is unclear to me how much looking at this will help.  My understand
(possibly wrong) is that the EAP fragmentation issue has as much to do with
the MTU size on the network between the client and NAS as anything else.
This is going to be frequently smaller than the MTU size between the NAS and
the server and thus becomes a huge gating factor that has nothing to do with
internet congestion itself.  The choice of making EAP do the fragmentation
rather than having the NAS do it is a trade off in terms of where the
complexity lies (i.e. just with the people who talk EAP) rather than having
it occur on every protocol that is between clients and NAS boxes.

Jim


> -----Original Message-----
> From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
Of
> Sam Hartman
> Sent: Monday, March 18, 2013 5:08 PM
> To: Peter Deacon
> Cc: radext@ietf.org; Alan DeKok
> Subject: Re: [radext] Summary of Where we are with Fragmentation
> 
> >>>>> "Peter" == Peter Deacon <peterd@iea-software.com> writes:
> 
>     Peter> To the extent comments about the properties of Alex's
>     Peter> fragmentation scheme are being discussed specifically the
>     Peter> following concerns expressed by Sam:
> 
>     Peter> "draft will require significant transport review because they
>     Peter> both propose protocols with complex
>     Peter> MTU/congestion/fragmentation/performance characteristics."
> 
>     Peter> "Alex's draft and the MTU issue, I stand behind my claim that
>     Peter> it will tend to involve fragmentation at multiple layers.
>     Peter> There's no way to learn the MTU that is currently being
>     Peter> proposed."
> 
>     Peter> My observation or question is could we look toward current
>     Peter> widespread deployment of RADIUS/EAP to help understand these
>     Peter> concerns with respect to Alex's fragmentation scheme only?
> 
> Yes.
> I think that will help us.
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Tue Mar 19 00:52:18 2013
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Hi,

>   As I write RADIUS servers instead of supplicants, I think the
> normalization work should be pushed off onto supplicants.
>=20
>   The document already says that realm names MUST be registrable as
> names within DNS.  DNS requires NFC.  Therefore, realms are NFC.  Any
> supplicant injecting non-NFC names is wrong.

Not quite. Section 2.1 states:

See [RFC5198] for a discussion of normalization; the use of Normal
   Form Composed (NFC) is RECOMMENDED.

RECOMMENDED means that some ill-thinking supplicant implementers might
decide that they don't have to pay attention to normalisation.

If this statement were a MUST; plus a discussion what to do if an
incoming string is not in NFC (discard?) would make the whole thing a
lot more deterministic.

>   re: Sam's comments on i18n space, I'm not sure it's relevant to have
> the home server normalize the realm name.  I'm curious to know what
> information is in the non-NFC form which is needed by the home server.

It may be that the home server does not "need" the non-normalised junk
:-) It may just be that a supplicant thinks it's wise to send it; and
since the contents of the attribute can't be altered in-flight, this
junk will stay in the packet until it arrives at the home server.

My argument was that it may not even reach the home server if proxies
aren't allowed to do some sort of "sane" lookup of the packet content
vs. their local configuration.

>   The home server knows who it's users are, and can just use names,
> without a realm portion.  If it gets a realm, it verifies that it owns
> the realm, but that verification is largely site-specific.  e.g.
> EXAMPLE\foo versus foo@example.com.

That verification may ultimately require normalisation by the home
server. It's true that this is site-specific; but in the presence of
proxies the problematic bit is to reach that home site in the first place=
=2E

>   So the main use for realms is proxies.  They don't care about the
> *content* of the realm.  They just want to use it as an opaque token.
> Realm A goes to RADIUS server for Realm A, etc.

My issue is: does realm A', which is extremely similar to A in that it
differs only in string representation, also go to server A? Or is it
discarded by the proxy due to being unknown (i.e. not byte-wise equal to
the configured realm A)? Or sent to a "last resort"? If NFC(A') =3D A, an=
d
if that is looked up in the routing table, a lot good is done in terms
of forwardability, IMHO.

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

>=20
>   Alan DeKok.
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
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Hi,

> What is different about the semantics of transporting EAP over RADIUS
> compared with Alex's draft?
>=20
> On the surface they both appear to me to have the same properties.  If =
I
> am missing something any hints/clue would be much appreciated.
>=20
> Both are transported blindly thru proxies without regard for
> intermediate MTU considerations.
>=20
> Both are lock step, both give the sender full control over amount of
> data to be transmitted at a time.
>=20
> If they are the same I would just expect operational experience
> (positive or negative) from widely deployed experience with EAP to also=

> be directly applicable to Alex's draft.

That's just not correct: the maximum size of EAP-Message in EAPoL in a
RADIUS packet is not "in full control of the sender" - it is limited by
the L2 MTU between supplicant and the pass-through authenticator.

In practice, this means: 1500 Bytes for Ethernet; some have been
experimenting with 21xx for the wireless medium, but that rarely works.

1500 Bytes of EAP-Message usually do trigger UDP fragmentation; but even
with a fair number of attributes added by RADIUS besides the core
EAP-Message, they don't exceed 4096 Bytes and thus don't require
RADIUS-level packet fragments. I.e. it's a non-issue.

BTW, the operational experience with UDP fragmentation in eduroam is far
from perfect: EAP types which tend to fill the L2 MTU to the max
sometimes won't authenticate because somewhere along the path, UDP
fragments are erroneously discarded (well, many instances of that some
years ago; meanwhile we test these things and so have found most of the
ill firewalls which do that).

The problems with UDP frags make many IdPs send their EAP
server-to-supplicant with EAP-Message <=3D 1024 Bytes; so that even addin=
g
RADIUS attributes to the packet will stay below typical UDP
fragmentation thresholds. That's "better safe than sorry" but decreases
efficiency - more roundtrips.

Back in the day (IETF 69!) I argued that working on a RADIUS MTU
discovery to prevent UDP fragmentation would be a good thing. I have
meanwhile given up on the hope that it will be specified *and* actually
work; I believe that human energy is better spent in fixing broken
firewalls to make UDP fragmentation work in the first place.

So, in short: for EAPoL

- UDP fragmentation is a (purely operational) issue
- RADIUS total packet size fragmentation is not

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

>>  RADIUS is a horrible replacement for TCP.  It's only being proposed
>> here (IMHO) as a temporary migration path.  Once the proxies do RADIUS=

>> over TCP, *and* allow for 64K RADIUS packets, the fragmentation
>> proposals become less relevant.
>=20
> Horrible is an opinion not a reason.  You still have to deliver to/from=

> clients which far outnumber server implementations.
>=20
> regards,
> Peter
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Tue Mar 19 01:42:14 2013
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Hi,

> -----
> Stefan - loop detection
>=20
> We have had a trivial proxy loop detection system in production in our
> implementations for several years.  It works on the assumption any
> request the same proxy system sees again completes a cycle.
>=20
> In our implementation a systems identifier is embedded in the proxy
> state attribute.  When a request for proxy is received we check for
> matching system identifier in the current stack of proxy states and dro=
p
> the request if one is found.

Many of those who implement loop checking in eduroam do similarly: they
use their own VSA space to

* in incoming packets, check for presence of their VSA like
"Processed-By: my.ip.ad.dr" (or other halfways unique ID)
* If found, discard and log loop
* if not found, add "Processed-By: my.ip.ad.dr" (or other halfways
unique ID) and process packet

That's simple and straightforward indeed. The problem I have is that
such a behaviour is not specified anywhere, and doesn't have its own
attribute.

You overload Proxy-State; which is fine if you don't need it for
anything else.

I don't really care if that use of Proxy-State gets standardised, or if
a new attribute is chosen. But having one deterministic way of doing
things, along with a document which explains the how and why, instead of
everyone doing his own variant on its own, is a GoodThing(tm) IMHO.

That is after all what Standardisation Organisations are made for :-)

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

>=20
> -----
> ieee802ext
>=20
> Had a chance to read thru this draft a bit before and after the meeting=

> - looks good here.
>=20
> -----
> Datatypes
>=20
> I like the general idea of a type registry that can be referenced but
> I'm not sure how much utility there is at this point.
>=20
> It could see it being more expressive to have a new complex type in the=

> registry to map things we don't want to add a separate entry for like
> Tunnel-Password rather than collapsing to string.
>=20
>=20
> Thanks to chairs and all for a great meeting :)
>=20
> regards,
> Peter
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From aland@deployingradius.com  Tue Mar 19 06:31:16 2013
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Stefan Winter wrote:
>>   As I write RADIUS servers instead of supplicants, I think the
>> normalization work should be pushed off onto supplicants.
>>
>>   The document already says that realm names MUST be registrable as
>> names within DNS.  DNS requires NFC.  Therefore, realms are NFC.  Any
>> supplicant injecting non-NFC names is wrong.
> 
> Not quite. Section 2.1 states:
> 
> See [RFC5198] for a discussion of normalization; the use of Normal
>    Form Composed (NFC) is RECOMMENDED.

  Yes.  Keep reading.  It also says that realm names MUST be registrable
as names within DNS.  Which (eventually) means NFC.

  The text you quote is left over from an earlier version of the draft,
before I worked through the DNS documents.  It will be updated in the
next rev.

> If this statement were a MUST; plus a discussion what to do if an
> incoming string is not in NFC (discard?) would make the whole thing a
> lot more deterministic.

  I vote a "hell no" to discarding packets with malformed NAI.

  For me, a malformed NAI only means that it's not an NAI.  EXAMPLE\user
 is a perfectly valid RADIUS User-Name.  It should *not* be forbidden by
the NAI document.

> It may be that the home server does not "need" the non-normalised junk
> :-) It may just be that a supplicant thinks it's wise to send it; and
> since the contents of the attribute can't be altered in-flight, this
> junk will stay in the packet until it arrives at the home server.

  That's not what I got from his message, but OK.

> My argument was that it may not even reach the home server if proxies
> aren't allowed to do some sort of "sane" lookup of the packet content
> vs. their local configuration.

  They are allowed.  They do this today.  Proxy routing can be done on
EXAMPLE\user.

  The point of the NAI draft is to (a) fix RFC 4282, (b) define the NAI
correctly, and (c) encourage people to use it instead of broken
alternatives.

  There are no plans for a RADIUS police force who will shut down
non-complaint implementations.  They just won't get the benefit of
standardization.

> That verification may ultimately require normalisation by the home
> server. It's true that this is site-specific; but in the presence of
> proxies the problematic bit is to reach that home site in the first place.

  That's blaming the messenger.

  The problem is really the supplicants that inject multiple versions of
the same domain.

> My issue is: does realm A', which is extremely similar to A in that it
> differs only in string representation, also go to server A? Or is it
> discarded by the proxy due to being unknown (i.e. not byte-wise equal to
> the configured realm A)? Or sent to a "last resort"? If NFC(A') = A, and
> if that is looked up in the routing table, a lot good is done in terms
> of forwardability, IMHO.

  I'm OK with proxies doing deeper inspection or normalization of the
NAI.  I'm against the *requirement* that they do this.  RFC 4282
requires it.  Requiring non-NFS from the supplicants means that proxies
are required to massage the NAI before they use it.

  Alan DeKok.

From aland@deployingradius.com  Tue Mar 19 08:11:18 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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Bernard Aboba wrote:
> [BA] The Dynamic Discovery draft recognizes that realms won't necessarily appear in the User-Name attribute in normalized form. 

  Sure.  That's reality.  People do all kinds of horrible things with
protocols.

  But the text makes it clear it's about DNS:

   This document describes
   server discovery only for well-formed realms mapping to DNS domain
   names in UTF-8 encoding.

  And then:

   The result of all other possible contents
   of User-Name is unspecified;

  i.e. other forms are allowed, but "realm == DNS" is what the draft
describes.

>>  What else can we do to replace RFC 4282, which is arguably *worse*
>> than the current draft?
> 
> [BA] Focus only on the scope that the Charter outlines for the document: the Network Access Identifier, which is a term that applies to Network Access alone. This includes EAP, PPP, etc. but NOT HTTP, SIP, etc.  The NAI draft should not talk about the contents of the RADIUS User-Name attribute -- that should be handled by a separate document. 

  The document discusses how the NAI *may* be used in User-Name, and
other protocols.  It's meant as a guide for people who want to use the
NAI.  It's not a requirement on how other protocols (including RADIUS)
use the NAI.

  I'd oppose removing the text about protocols using NAI.  Doing that
means we're defining an NAI independent of... anything.  So we'll have
an NAI, but no idea of where or when to use it.

  Alan DeKok.

From peterd@iea-software.com  Tue Mar 19 08:14:05 2013
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On Tue, 19 Mar 2013, Stefan Winter wrote:

>> We have had a trivial proxy loop detection system in production in our
>> implementations for several years.  It works on the assumption any
>> request the same proxy system sees again completes a cycle.

>> In our implementation a systems identifier is embedded in the proxy
>> state attribute.  When a request for proxy is received we check for
>> matching system identifier in the current stack of proxy states and drop
>> the request if one is found.

> Many of those who implement loop checking in eduroam do similarly: they
> use their own VSA space to

> * in incoming packets, check for presence of their VSA like
> "Processed-By: my.ip.ad.dr" (or other halfways unique ID)
> * If found, discard and log loop
> * if not found, add "Processed-By: my.ip.ad.dr" (or other halfways
> unique ID) and process packet

> That's simple and straightforward indeed. The problem I have is that
> such a behaviour is not specified anywhere, and doesn't have its own
> attribute.

> You overload Proxy-State; which is fine if you don't need it for
> anything else.

I don't know that "overload" is applicable in this context or why it 
couldn't be used for multiple purposes concurrently.

Proxy-State is defined as an opaque field.  Its purpose is left 
intentionally out of scope RFC2865 5.33

"      Usage of the Proxy-State Attribute is implementation dependent.  A
       description of its function is outside the scope of this
       specification.
"

> I don't really care if that use of Proxy-State gets standardised, or if
> a new attribute is chosen. But having one deterministic way of doing
> things, along with a document which explains the how and why, instead of
> everyone doing his own variant on its own, is a GoodThing(tm) IMHO.

We don't really know generally what constitutes a "loop" or granularity of 
the system box (Parts of one server or entire groups of servers). 
Messages may be able to loop back for another round of processing after 
being sent outside the admin domain.

Seems easy enough to create one-off solutions yet very difficult to solve 
generally.

Perhaps some general guidance or blunt tools like TTLs on stack of 
proxy-states.

regards,
Peter

From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Tue Mar 19 08:20:21 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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Hi,

>   Yes.  Keep reading.  It also says that realm names MUST be registrabl=
e
> as names within DNS.  Which (eventually) means NFC.
>=20
>   The text you quote is left over from an earlier version of the draft,=

> before I worked through the DNS documents.  It will be updated in the
> next rev.

Okay.

>   I vote a "hell no" to discarding packets with malformed NAI.
>=20
>   For me, a malformed NAI only means that it's not an NAI.  EXAMPLE\use=
r
>  is a perfectly valid RADIUS User-Name.  It should *not* be forbidden b=
y
> the NAI document.

Then I'd suggest making this very explicit. E.g. replace the previous
sentence with

"See [RFC5198] and section 2.6 of this specification for a discussion of
normalization. Strings which are not in Normal Form Composed (NFC) are
not valid NAIs and SHOULD NOT be treated as such."


>> It may be that the home server does not "need" the non-normalised junk=

>> :-) It may just be that a supplicant thinks it's wise to send it; and
>> since the contents of the attribute can't be altered in-flight, this
>> junk will stay in the packet until it arrives at the home server.
>=20
>   That's not what I got from his message, but OK.

You mean my initial mail with the hypothetical example? Well it was
about that; I had the assumption in my mind that these multiple
representations of the realm are imposed by stubborn supplicants; so if
a server wants to authenticate users using this supplicant, it has to
negotiate that this is a recognised representation of the string and add
it to its server-side config. Not the other way around; sorry if that
was unclear.

I don't think servers are the main problem when it comes to
normalisation (or just valid UTF-8 in the first place). I have much more
concerns about ignorant supplicants.

>> My argument was that it may not even reach the home server if proxies
>> aren't allowed to do some sort of "sane" lookup of the packet content
>> vs. their local configuration.
>=20
>   They are allowed.  They do this today.  Proxy routing can be done on
> EXAMPLE\user.
>=20
>   The point of the NAI draft is to (a) fix RFC 4282, (b) define the NAI=

> correctly, and (c) encourage people to use it instead of broken
> alternatives.
>=20
>   There are no plans for a RADIUS police force who will shut down
> non-complaint implementations.  They just won't get the benefit of
> standardization.

Okay; well it's already good that NAI =3D> NFC is indeed hard-wired into
the spec.

>> That verification may ultimately require normalisation by the home
>> server. It's true that this is site-specific; but in the presence of
>> proxies the problematic bit is to reach that home site in the first pl=
ace.
>=20
>   That's blaming the messenger.
>=20
>   The problem is really the supplicants that inject multiple versions o=
f
> the same domain.

With the multitude of end-user computing devices in the wild, and the
varying amounts of care firmware writers spend into their supplicant
code, I'm sure there'll be a whole zoo of representations of
internationalised domain names on the supplicant side :-(

>> My issue is: does realm A', which is extremely similar to A in that it=

>> differs only in string representation, also go to server A? Or is it
>> discarded by the proxy due to being unknown (i.e. not byte-wise equal =
to
>> the configured realm A)? Or sent to a "last resort"? If NFC(A') =3D A,=
 and
>> if that is looked up in the routing table, a lot good is done in terms=

>> of forwardability, IMHO.
>=20
>   I'm OK with proxies doing deeper inspection or normalization of the
> NAI.  I'm against the *requirement* that they do this.

Well if it's a NAI it does not need to be noramlised any more :-)

Would it be okay to *RECOMMEND* that UTF-8 which is not in NFC should be
normalised prior to "doing something" in terms of lookup in the config?

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

>  RFC 4282
> requires it.  Requiring non-NFS from the supplicants means that proxies=

> are required to massage the NAI before they use it.
>=20
>   Alan DeKok.
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From aland@deployingradius.com  Tue Mar 19 08:21:53 2013
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Peter Deacon wrote:
> I don't know that "overload" is applicable in this context or why it
> couldn't be used for multiple purposes concurrently.

  Yeah.  Fill it with whatever makes you happy.

> We don't really know generally what constitutes a "loop" or granularity
> of the system box (Parts of one server or entire groups of servers).
> Messages may be able to loop back for another round of processing after
> being sent outside the admin domain.

  I agree.  I think using an opaque token is a good idea.  Using an IP
address is more fragile, and prone to disclosing private information.

> Perhaps some general guidance or blunt tools like TTLs on stack of
> proxy-states.

  FreeRADIUS just has a config option which says "too many".  It's good
for blunt checks.

  Having some guidance for detecting proxy loops would be good.

  Alan DeKok.

From presnick@qti.qualcomm.com  Mon Mar 18 15:31:43 2013
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Subject: Re: [radext] I18N help: : I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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This might be something we want to discuss in the contact of PRECIS, but 
let's get started just between us:

Are these identifiers (usernames, realm names) things that users 
actually type in (i.e., user interface elements) or are they protocol 
elements? The answer will very much depend on which sort of thing they 
are. (And I have a sneaking suspicion that you're going to tell me that 
they are both, which is going to make your job much more difficult.) So, 
at what layer are these things used?

pr

On 3/18/13 3:52 PM, Sam Hartman wrote:
> Dear Pete and Barry:
>
> I think radext  could use some help on the i18n front; I'm fairly
> convinced that a decision we seem to be making is the wrong approach,
> but I don't have quite enough clue or mental bandwidth to argue it.
> Briefly, we're debating where normalization of network access
> identifiers should happen.
> I'm reasonably sure that this is a case where normalization should
> happen as close to use as possible.
> The current thinking seems to be that normalization should happen on the
> client and I think many of the reasons that have made that approach
> problematic for other architectures apply here.
>
> Any chance you could get someone to review this draft and take another
> look at the issue?
>
>
>    
>
> Subject:
> Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
> From:
> Alan DeKok <aland@deployingradius.com>
> Date:
> Mon, 18 Mar 2013 15:34:04 -0400
> To:
> Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com>
>
> To:
> Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com>
> CC:
> 'Sam Hartman' <hartmans@painless-security.com>, 'Stefan Winter' 
> <stefan.winter@restena.lu>, <radext@ietf.org>
>
>
>    I agree with Jim here.
>
>    As I write RADIUS servers instead of supplicants, I think the
> normalization work should be pushed off onto supplicants.
>
>    The document already says that realm names MUST be registrable as
> names within DNS.  DNS requires NFC.  Therefore, realms are NFC.  Any
> supplicant injecting non-NFC names is wrong.
>
>    re: Sam's comments on i18n space, I'm not sure it's relevant to have
> the home server normalize the realm name.  I'm curious to know what
> information is in the non-NFC form which is needed by the home server.
>
>    The home server knows who it's users are, and can just use names,
> without a realm portion.  If it gets a realm, it verifies that it owns
> the realm, but that verification is largely site-specific.  e.g.
> EXAMPLE\foo versus foo@example.com.
>
>    So the main use for realms is proxies.  They don't care about the
> *content* of the realm.  They just want to use it as an opaque token.
> Realm A goes to RADIUS server for Realm A, etc.
>
>    Alan DeKok.
>
>    

-- 
Pete Resnick<http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/>
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. - +1 (858)651-4478


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This might be something we want to discuss in the contact of PRECIS,
but let's get started just between us:<br>
<br>
Are these identifiers (usernames, realm names) things that users
actually type in (i.e., user interface elements) or are they protocol
elements? The answer will very much depend on which sort of thing they
are. (And I have a sneaking suspicion that you're going to tell me that
they are both, which is going to make your job much more difficult.)
So, at what layer are these things used?<br>
<br>
pr<br>
<br>
On 3/18/13 3:52 PM, Sam Hartman wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid:tslehfctlz1.fsf@mit.edu" type="cite">
  <pre wrap="">
Dear Pete and Barry:

I think radext  could use some help on the i18n front; I'm fairly
convinced that a decision we seem to be making is the wrong approach,
but I don't have quite enough clue or mental bandwidth to argue it.
Briefly, we're debating where normalization of network access
identifiers should happen.
I'm reasonably sure that this is a case where normalization should
happen as close to use as possible.
The current thinking seems to be that normalization should happen on the
client and I think many of the reasons that have made that approach
problematic for other architectures apply here.

Any chance you could get someone to review this draft and take another
look at the issue?


  </pre>
  <br>
  <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
  <table class="header-part1" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"
 cellspacing="0">
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>
        <div class="headerdisplayname" style="display: inline;">Subject:
        </div>
Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
        <div class="headerdisplayname" style="display: inline;">From: </div>
Alan DeKok <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:aland@deployingradius.com">&lt;aland@deployingradius.com&gt;</a></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
        <div class="headerdisplayname" style="display: inline;">Date: </div>
Mon, 18 Mar 2013 15:34:04 -0400</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
        <div class="headerdisplayname" style="display: inline;">To: </div>
Jim Schaad <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:ietf@augustcellars.com">&lt;ietf@augustcellars.com&gt;</a></td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
  <table class="header-part2" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"
 cellspacing="0">
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>
        <div class="headerdisplayname" style="display: inline;">To: </div>
Jim Schaad <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:ietf@augustcellars.com">&lt;ietf@augustcellars.com&gt;</a></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
        <div class="headerdisplayname" style="display: inline;">CC: </div>
'Sam Hartman' <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:hartmans@painless-security.com">&lt;hartmans@painless-security.com&gt;</a>, 'Stefan Winter'
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:stefan.winter@restena.lu">&lt;stefan.winter@restena.lu&gt;</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:radext@ietf.org">&lt;radext@ietf.org&gt;</a></td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
  <br>
  <pre wrap="">  I agree with Jim here.

  As I write RADIUS servers instead of supplicants, I think the
normalization work should be pushed off onto supplicants.

  The document already says that realm names MUST be registrable as
names within DNS.  DNS requires NFC.  Therefore, realms are NFC.  Any
supplicant injecting non-NFC names is wrong.

  re: Sam's comments on i18n space, I'm not sure it's relevant to have
the home server normalize the realm name.  I'm curious to know what
information is in the non-NFC form which is needed by the home server.

  The home server knows who it's users are, and can just use names,
without a realm portion.  If it gets a realm, it verifies that it owns
the realm, but that verification is largely site-specific.  e.g.
EXAMPLE\foo versus <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:foo@example.com">foo@example.com</a>.

  So the main use for realms is proxies.  They don't care about the
*content* of the realm.  They just want to use it as an opaque token.
Realm A goes to RADIUS server for Realm A, etc.

  Alan DeKok.

  </pre>
</blockquote>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Pete Resnick <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/">&lt;http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/&gt;</a>
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. - +1 (858)651-4478</pre>
</body>
</html>

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From aland@deployingradius.com  Tue Mar 19 10:46:37 2013
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Pete Resnick wrote:
> This might be something we want to discuss in the contact of PRECIS, but
> let's get started just between us:

  I've been showing up at Precis for a while.

> Are these identifiers (usernames, realm names) things that users
> actually type in (i.e., user interface elements) or are they protocol
> elements? The answer will very much depend on which sort of thing they
> are. (And I have a sneaking suspicion that you're going to tell me that
> they are both, which is going to make your job much more difficult.) So,
> at what layer are these things used?

  A large percentage of the identifiers will be entered by users.  They
will then be used in various protocols to identify the users, and the
domains to which the users belong.

  The traditional practice in RADIUS has been to allow pretty much
anything as identifiers.  The only requirement is that the user and home
system agree on the user identifier.

  The problem we're trying to solve here is proxies.  They connect
visited networks to home networks.  The proxies need a standard format
for the user identifier.  This is so that they can route domain A to
network A, etc.  The format of the user portion is less relevant to
proxies.  It can be pretty much anything.  (and is, in practice)

  Alan DeKok.

From aland@deployingradius.com  Tue Mar 19 10:57:18 2013
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Stefan Winter wrote:
> Then I'd suggest making this very explicit. E.g. replace the previous
> sentence with
> 
> "See [RFC5198] and section 2.6 of this specification for a discussion of
> normalization. Strings which are not in Normal Form Composed (NFC) are
> not valid NAIs and SHOULD NOT be treated as such."

  Looks good to me.

> I don't think servers are the main problem when it comes to
> normalisation (or just valid UTF-8 in the first place). I have much more
> concerns about ignorant supplicants.

  I agree.  It would be nice to support feedback in one of the EAP
methods (e.g. TEAP).  A server could say "Thanks for using DOMAIN', but
next time please use DOMAIN".

> With the multitude of end-user computing devices in the wild, and the
> varying amounts of care firmware writers spend into their supplicant
> code, I'm sure there'll be a whole zoo of representations of
> internationalised domain names on the supplicant side :-(

  Yes.  Which is why I'd like to get the NAI document published.  RFC
4282 is distressingly broken.  Being able to point to a *good* document
would be useful.

> Would it be okay to *RECOMMEND* that UTF-8 which is not in NFC should be
> normalised prior to "doing something" in terms of lookup in the config?

  Yes.

  Alan DeKok.

From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Wed Mar 20 01:32:43 2013
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Hi,

>   Yes.  Which is why I'd like to get the NAI document published.  RFC
> 4282 is distressingly broken.  Being able to point to a *good* document=

> would be useful.
>=20
>> Would it be okay to *RECOMMEND* that UTF-8 which is not in NFC should =
be
>> normalised prior to "doing something" in terms of lookup in the config=
?
>=20
>   Yes.

Great. I think an extra sentence in addition to the above should make
this fit nicely:

"See [RFC5198] and section 2.6 of this specification for a discussion of
 normalization. Strings which are not in Normal Form Composed (NFC) are
 not valid NAIs and SHOULD NOT be treated as such.

 Implementations which expect to receive a NAI, but get non-normalised
 (but otherwise valid) UTF-8 strings instead SHOULD attempt to normalise
 the input to NFC for local processing."

?

Greetings,

Stefan Winter

>=20
>   Alan DeKok.
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
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e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Wed Mar 20 02:12:13 2013
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Hi,

>> I don't know that "overload" is applicable in this context or why it
>> couldn't be used for multiple purposes concurrently.
>=20
>   Yeah.  Fill it with whatever makes you happy.
>=20
>> We don't really know generally what constitutes a "loop" or granularit=
y
>> of the system box (Parts of one server or entire groups of servers).
>> Messages may be able to loop back for another round of processing afte=
r
>> being sent outside the admin domain.
>=20
>   I agree.  I think using an opaque token is a good idea.  Using an IP
> address is more fragile, and prone to disclosing private information.

Sure; my use of "(or other halfways unique ID)" is basically about cases
where one needs to control granularity.

E.g. I have two redundant servers in failover: tld1.eduroam.lu and
tld2.eduroam.lu - the ID could then be "tld.eduroam.lu" to indicate that
the packet went through either of the two already and shouldn't come
back later.

Of course even loops that ping-pong between multiple hops would
eventually be detected, as soon as the packet comes back to one of the
servers which used his own mark. So in effect any random value is good
enough, doesn't have to be an IP address. It has to be random enough
though, so that no two hops accidently use the same ID.

>> Perhaps some general guidance or blunt tools like TTLs on stack of
>> proxy-states.
>=20
>   FreeRADIUS just has a config option which says "too many".  It's good=

> for blunt checks.
>=20
>   Having some guidance for detecting proxy loops would be good.

Yes! It's good to hear that Peter's implementation does some magic with
Proxy-State - but it would be even better to write down something like
that for every implementation's benefit. E.g. in FreeRADIUS Proxy-State
is not under config control and it doesn't do such clever comparisons
yet. With a good spec, this could become a config switch
"do_loop_checks" which would do all that Proxy-State magic
automatically, without any fiddling with VSAs and such.

I wonder if Peter feels like putting this into an I-D...?

Greetings,

Stefan Winter


>=20
>   Alan DeKok.
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From: Emile van Bergen <emile@e-advies.nl>
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Cc: radext@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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Hi,

On Wed, 20 Mar 2013 09:32:41 +0100, Stefan Winter
<stefan.winter@restena.lu> wrote:

> Great. I think an extra sentence in addition to the above should make
> this fit nicely:
> 
> "See [RFC5198] and section 2.6 of this specification for a discussion of
>  normalization. Strings which are not in Normal Form Composed (NFC) are
>  not valid NAIs and SHOULD NOT be treated as such.
> 
>  Implementations which expect to receive a NAI, but get non-normalised
>  (but otherwise valid) UTF-8 strings instead SHOULD attempt to normalise
>  the input to NFC for local processing."
> 
> ?

I read these as two slightly conflicting clauses, both written from the
receiver's viewpoint. 

I've often found the way that IETF documents dissect 'validity' into
separate requirements for senders and receivers. How about:

 "See [RFC5198] and section 2.6 of this specification for a discussion of
  normalization. Strings which are not in Normal Form Composed (NFC) are
  not valid NAIs and MUST NOT be sent by compliant implementations.
 
  Implementations which expect to receive a NAI, but get non-normalised
  (but otherwise valid) UTF-8 strings instead SHOULD attempt to normalise
  the input to NFC for local processing."

Following Jon Postel's "be conservative in what you send, be liberal in
what you accept"?

Kind regards,


Emile van Bergen.

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Cc: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>, radext@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [radext] I-D Action: draft-ietf-radext-nai-02.txt
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Emile van Bergen wrote:
> I've often found the way that IETF documents dissect 'validity' into
> separate requirements for senders and receivers. How about:
> 
>  "See [RFC5198] and section 2.6 of this specification for a discussion of
>   normalization. Strings which are not in Normal Form Composed (NFC) are
>   not valid NAIs and MUST NOT be sent by compliant implementations.
>  
>   Implementations which expect to receive a NAI, but get non-normalised
>   (but otherwise valid) UTF-8 strings instead SHOULD attempt to normalise
>   the input to NFC for local processing."

  That text is ambiguous about whether or not you re-write the NAI in
the packet.  People will read it incorrectly.  How about this:

  Implementations which expect to receive a NAI, but get non-normalised
  (but otherwise valid) UTF-8 strings instead SHOULD attempt to create a
  local version of the NAI, which is normalized from the input
  identifier.  This local version can then be used for local processing.

  Alan DeKok.

From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Wed Mar 20 06:07:45 2013
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Hi,

>   That text is ambiguous about whether or not you re-write the NAI in
> the packet.  People will read it incorrectly.  How about this:
>=20
>   Implementations which expect to receive a NAI, but get non-normalised=

>   (but otherwise valid) UTF-8 strings instead SHOULD attempt to create =
a
>   local version of the NAI, which is normalized from the input
>   identifier.  This local version can then be used for local processing=
=2E

Sounds good to me.

Stefan

--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From hartmans@painless-security.com  Wed Mar 20 06:12:18 2013
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To: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>
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Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2013 09:12:08 -0400
In-Reply-To: <51497429.9090607@restena.lu> (Stefan Winter's message of "Wed, 20 Mar 2013 09:32:41 +0100")
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With regard to the i18n issues, having asked others to look at it, I'm
withdrawing my objection.  I simply don't have time to be a driving
force behind confirming that my concerns are real and going through a
joint education process here as I learn Alan's side and try and explain
my concerns.  If people from the apps area look at the document and
choose to raise their own concerns, that's fine. However I want to make
it clear to the chairs and WG that in terms of judging consensus on the
document I'm not objecting.

--Sam

From xueli@huawei.com  Wed Mar 27 19:12:58 2013
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Remember you asked for it.

I am CC-ing the radext list for completeness not because I believe this
should be a radext working group document.

1.  It is not clear to me that the use of RFC 2119 language is appropriate
to a document that is describing what the current design is.

2.  Introduction: Suggest that the introduction should give a layout of the
document as well.   Specifically there are two ways to organize the second
half of the draft <problem, solution> or <problems><solutions> and it would
be good to set expectations of this upfront.

3.  Given that RFC 6614 and 6613 are experimental - do you want to say /IETF
standardization efforts/?

4.  Section 1.3 - Who has to be able to identify users? Just the IdP or the
NAS as well?  

5.  what does it mean to either impersonate someone or to take over their
identity?  If I give you my name and password it is possible for you to
impersonate me.  This language should be tightened.

6.  Do you really want me to be able to access your network or are you going
to provide a public network for me to be able to access and use?  It might
need to be clearer what is going on.  The first implies a greater degree of
identification that might actually exist.

7.  I can see three different vectors of scalability - it might be useful to
tease that out.  Users, Orgs providing access, Orgs hosting users.  Are the
last two a one-to-one or not?  

8.  For whom does it need to be easy to install and use - just clients or
organizations as well?  Can it be hard for an org to setup and still be easy
for clients?

9.  In the paragraph on security, I don't understand the purpose of the
first sentence.  This would tend to argue that secure is not an absolute
design goal.  There may be a trade off, but that would be a design goal of
usability which is separate.

10.  The goal is secure and privacy preserving - however there is nothing in
the text about who the privacy is supposed to be protected from.  While I
guess it could be the third part, that is hardly the limit of who one could
wish for privacy to be protected from.  Do you care about privacy from the
visited SP?  Should the IdP be able to know who the client is visiting?

11.  It is laid out that organizations should be able to set their own
authentication structure.  Is there going to be a minimum security that is
imposed on organizations by the eduroam federation?

12.  Were any other options considered for the architecture?  If so why were
they not used? 

13.  Section 2 - If you read the ABFAB architecture document, I think we
talk about three different trust relationships.  Two of which are
"pre-existing" and one of which is established during the protocol.  

14.  Going from the term type of trust to trust relationship does don't flow
well.

15.  The term establishment is potentially confusing in this location.  Are
you talking about for a single event or initial establishment (i.e.
introduction ) between the user and the IdP.

16.  Section 2.1 - I can understand that authentication uses EAP.  However
how does it use 802.1X and not use RADIUS for authentication?   If 802.1x
does anything other than carry EAP this should be covered.   Otherwise you
should probably include RADIUS here as well.

17.  Section 2.1.1 ?? wireless networks MUST support WPA2+AES - What does
this mean?  It is a requirement that all networks deploy this or merely that
the hardware has the capability to use it?  If a network deploys both WPA2
and WPA does that require that multiple SSIDs be used?  If so is there a
naming convention that is documented for this usage type?

18. What are the security implications of not knowing who the SP is - since
all SSIDs are "eduroam" it is not possible to distinguish from a user
perspective which are not to be used.

19.  Discuss the trade of for not always using "eduroam-foo" as the SSID

20.  Section 2.1.2 - What guidance is the federation giving on EAP methods -
is that of interest to this document?

21.  What is the "policy with regards to security properties"

22.  I don't understand the purpose of Figure 1 - It does not appear to be
reference from the text in any way.  The picture would seem to be
underspecified in that the specific protocols are not put any place (i.e.
X802.1x)  and the term EAP tunnel is not introduced in any manner.  As with
the ABFAB document I did like that it is not clear that the tunneled eap is
not traveling directly between the host and the authentication server.

23.  Note that mutual authentication does not imply privacy.  If I
authenticate with EAP-TLS and send both the server and the client
certificates in the clear then I have mutual authentication however I have
no privacy on identities.

24.  The term outer identity is problematic.  There is the EAP outer
identity - and then there is the RADIUS user-identity attribute.  The
routing is done on the later and it is generally (but not always) copied
from the initial EAP method.  However not all methods will have a distinct
inner identity.  Is there an identity that is transmitted on 802.1x that is
used rather than the first eap name?

25.  When did you suddenly say than a TLS tunnel was required.  If this is
true it should be stated someplace explicitly.  This is not a requirement on
IdPs that was not there before.  

26.  Do you want to say that outer identities must be NAIs or not?

27..  Section 2.2.1 - You just sprang a national server on me without
telling me what it represents.   Are you assuming that all routing is two
levels deep or  is there three and four level deep routing.  

28.  Do you want to say at this point who is operating the national servers
and root servers?   On what basis will they setup or remove shared secrets
with organizations?

29.  What are the trade offs of using anonymous@surfnet.nl vs @surnet.nl for
the outer identity?

30.  What, if anything needs to be said about the trust needed between the
access points and the organization RADIUS server.  Is this under some type
of protections?

31. Section 3 - Not all of the issues appear to be future problems that are
expected.  This paragraph should be expanded to say that current operations
have identified problems, in addition others are expected with an increase
of ...

32.  Section 3.1 - I think the word you are looking for is deduced rather
than deducted in many of these sentences.

33.  I have a slight problem with the fact that you are using down the
authentication path since you have just told me that it is a tree and thus
has both an up and a down component.  'Along' might be a better choice.

34.  I would not use the term proxy chain when looking at the length.  I
would just say that the radius authentication chain contains more than one
hop.   If there were no proxies then you have no problems, but in that case
the proxy chain is 0 hops? 1 hop?  Not clear.

35.  I assume that if a server which is believed to be "dead" sends you an
authentication request then you would also know that it is now live (step 3)

36.  One option that is not discussed here is the option of always flooding
and never assuming anything but realms fail.  What are the operational
problem with this approach.

37.  Presumably the use of TCP rather than UDP would also help this
situation.  Since you seem to be talking about ways that can be used to fix
this here.

38.  Section 3.2 - ? reactively or retroactively?

39.  You don't say how much improvements from section 3.1 would deal with
this issue.  If you could get reliable - don't fail because I did not get a
reply - does this help the situation in the event of no reply?

40.  What would be the security implications of being able to inject an
error code into the stream by a middle man?  Are they any worse than the
injection of an access-deny?

41.  Do you need to talk about dropped packets in this context as well as
dead servers?

42.  If 802.1x does not allow for returning errors.  Are you suggesting that
the RADIUS servers would inject EAP packets in the event of failures or
should this be handled by the NAS?

43.  Section 3.3 - You need to tell me what a ccTLD and a gTLD are

44.  What are the "downsides" to routing based on insertion of new
"national" servers that can talk directly to the org servers?   These
servers would potentially need to be more intelligent - but it would
restrict the places where tables need to be routed.  Was this considered?

45.  I am not sure that I understand why doing an add of a new route would
be especially error prone.  It seems that this should be easily fixable by a
simple tool.  Are you ever removing this from the table - it seems that this
would be overwhelmed by adds.  Are these mappings made at more than just the
root level - that is not clear from the discussion although I assume it
would be true.  

46.  Who are you imposing the recommendation on?  Is this a new 802.1x
requirement for an updated draft?  If so is this really what you want - or
do you want to be able to negotiate the L2 packet size all the way down?

47.  For whom are they hard to diagnose? Are you just talking about users or
are you talking about IT departments as well?  Are there recommendations on
how to do this diagnosis?

48.  Section 3.5 - Are EAP MSKs used in this configuration?  If so then you
have low level encryption on these and it could potentially be stolen and
used.

49.  It is not clear to me that using a pseudonymous client identifier for
the client does much of anything to prevent linking to an actual client.
You still can build a large mobility profile.

50.  You have not dealt with the issue for TLS of checking that the server
certificate is still valid.  This is also not currently done.

51.  Have you brought up the concept of an EAP configuration meta data
format in the EMU group?  It is about to close.

52.  Is there a reason why you don't reference RADIUS-TLS at this point as
this would deal with this issue to a certain extent.  I.e. no protection
from the proxies but from eavesdroppers.

53.  Section 4.1.1 - why is the translation not satisfactorily answered by
NASREQ?

54.  The last pargraph of 4.1.1. should be the first paragraph of 4.1.2

55.  Section 5 - It would seem that placing the policy enforcement with
Chargeable User Identity at the RADIUS server nearest the NAS - or at the
edge of the organization, would make as much sense as placing it on the NAS
itself.  This would allow for correlation between different access points
and given a better idea of abuse on the network as a whole.  Thus using the
servers that do this would solve the problem better.

56.  Section 5.1 - It may be also taken as evidence that you have no idea of
what is going on as you have not identified the serious incident as being
serious.

57.  Section 5.2 - How does the fact that the home site is now going have
the ability to block reflect back on the question of differences of opinion
on if the action was abuse or not?  What type of protocol is setup for
dealing with this type of request- is it automated, done by hand or through
the infrastructure?

58.  Section 5.3 - Given that home servers are required to regularly churn
CUIs, how does this affect the local accounting problems in terms of
tracking and preventing people from abusing the system.  Can the home IdP
simply deal with this issue by changing the CUI of an individual every time
an abuse is reported?



Random changes

s/Abfab/ABFAB/
s/in all continents/on all continents/
s/like for example/like/
s/alternative use/alternative uses/
s/foresaw/?????? - I am not sure what this sentence is supposed to say/

Update reference to privacy terminology draft - it is now
draft-iab-private-considerations





From stefan.winter@restena.lu  Fri Mar 29 06:27:59 2013
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From: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>
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Subject: Re: [radext] FW: New Version Notification for draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt
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Hello,


On 28.03.2013 03:12, Xueli wrote:
> Hi all
>=20
> There is a draft to resolve the some issue raised in WLAN network.
>=20
> In the authentication architecture, only STA and AS can manufacture PMK=
,=20
> moreover, AS can only distribute PMK to Authenticator.However, if the a=
uthenticator function is not collocated
> with the encryption/decryption function, it is difficult to achieve tra=
ffic encryption/decryption in WLAN network.
>=20
> The purpose of this document is to analyze the requirement and issue fo=
r key management that have arisen so far=20
> during STA authentication process in WLAN network. Meanwhile, the contr=
ol messages for key management are defined.
>=20
> Your comments are appreciated.

You attempt to split the role of the Access Point into several
sub-entities. This is admirable, but by no means a novelty. There are
many proprietary approaches to this, but there's also already a set of
RFCs describing a standard way:

If you are interested in offloading functions of an AP into separate
sub-entities, you should also first take a look at the results of the
CAPWAP working group, whose target is to do just that. The advantage of
CAPWAP is that it has a much broader scope than "just" the keys for a
session.

RFC5415 is a good read. Section 10.1 has a "Station Configuration
Request" which transmits user session specific data from the controller
to the lightweight AP (which you call "FIT" AP in your document - did
you mean "thin" as the opposite to "fat"?).

The media-specific binding in RFC5416 goes into detail and describes how
exactly session keys are transmitted in WLAN (Sections 5.10, 6.15).

Greetings,

Stefan Winter


>=20
> BR
> Li
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: internet-drafts@ietf.org [mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org]
>> Sent: Monday, February 18, 2013 7:31 PM
>> To: Xueli
>> Subject: New Version Notification for draft-xue-radext-key-management-=
00.txt
>>
>>
>> A new version of I-D, draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt
>> has been successfully submitted by Li Xue and posted to the
>> IETF repository.
>>
>> Filename:	 draft-xue-radext-key-management
>> Revision:	 00
>> Title:		 RADIUS Extensions for Key Management in WLAN network
>> Creation date:	 2013-02-18
>> Group:		 Individual Submission
>> Number of pages: 17
>> URL:
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-xue-radext-key-management-00=
=2Etxt
>> Status:
>> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-xue-radext-key-management
>> Htmlized:
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-xue-radext-key-management-00
>>
>>
>> Abstract:
>>   In order to guarantee the security and integration of the subscriber=

>>   in WLAN network, Pairwise Master Key (PMK) will be generated as an
>>   access authorization token during the mutual authentication procedur=
e
>>   between station (STA) and authenticator server (AS).  Then, the PMK
>>   and 4-way handshake are used between STA and Authenticator to derive=
,
>>   bind and verify the Pairwise Transient Key (PTK), which is a
>>   collection of operational keys for security.  Also,Group Transient
>>   Key (GTK) can be derived, and is used to secure multicast/broadcast
>>   traffic.  In the authentication architecture, only STA and AS can
>>   manufacture PMK, moreover, AS can only distribute PMK to
>>   Authenticator.However, if the authenticator function is not
>>   collocated with the encryption/decryption function, it is difficult
>>   to achieve traffic encryption/decryption in WLAN network.The purpose=

>>   of this document is to analyze the requirement and issue for key
>>   management that have arisen so far during STA authentication process=

>>   in WLAN network.  Meanwhile, the control messages for key
>> management
>>   are defined.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> The IETF Secretariat
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>=20


--=20
Stefan WINTER
Ingenieur de Recherche
Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education National=
e et
de la Recherche
6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
L-1359 Luxembourg

Tel: +352 424409 1
Fax: +352 422473


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From kwiereng@cisco.com  Fri Mar 29 02:55:12 2013
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From: "Klaas Wierenga (kwiereng)" <kwiereng@cisco.com>
To: Jim Schaad <ietf@augustcellars.com>
Thread-Topic: Comments on draft-wierenga-ietf-eduroam-00
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Subject: Re: [radext] Comments on draft-wierenga-ietf-eduroam-00
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Hi Jim,

On 28 mrt. 2013, at 23:44, "Jim Schaad" <ietf@augustcellars.com> wrote:

> Remember you asked for it.

Be careful what you wish for, you may get it....

But seriously, thanks a lot for your careful review, many of the points you=
 bring up stem from the fact that we are too familiar with the architecture=
 and thus assume knowledge, so your review is very helpful in pointing thos=
e out. Some other comments need some more careful consideration, we'll work=
 on addressing those.

Thanks again!

Klaas

>=20
> I am CC-ing the radext list for completeness not because I believe this
> should be a radext working group document.
>=20
> 1.  It is not clear to me that the use of RFC 2119 language is appropriat=
e
> to a document that is describing what the current design is.
>=20
> 2.  Introduction: Suggest that the introduction should give a layout of t=
he
> document as well.   Specifically there are two ways to organize the secon=
d
> half of the draft <problem, solution> or <problems><solutions> and it wou=
ld
> be good to set expectations of this upfront.
>=20
> 3.  Given that RFC 6614 and 6613 are experimental - do you want to say /I=
ETF
> standardization efforts/?
>=20
> 4.  Section 1.3 - Who has to be able to identify users? Just the IdP or t=
he
> NAS as well? =20
>=20
> 5.  what does it mean to either impersonate someone or to take over their
> identity?  If I give you my name and password it is possible for you to
> impersonate me.  This language should be tightened.
>=20
> 6.  Do you really want me to be able to access your network or are you go=
ing
> to provide a public network for me to be able to access and use?  It migh=
t
> need to be clearer what is going on.  The first implies a greater degree =
of
> identification that might actually exist.
>=20
> 7.  I can see three different vectors of scalability - it might be useful=
 to
> tease that out.  Users, Orgs providing access, Orgs hosting users.  Are t=
he
> last two a one-to-one or not? =20
>=20
> 8.  For whom does it need to be easy to install and use - just clients or
> organizations as well?  Can it be hard for an org to setup and still be e=
asy
> for clients?
>=20
> 9.  In the paragraph on security, I don't understand the purpose of the
> first sentence.  This would tend to argue that secure is not an absolute
> design goal.  There may be a trade off, but that would be a design goal o=
f
> usability which is separate.
>=20
> 10.  The goal is secure and privacy preserving - however there is nothing=
 in
> the text about who the privacy is supposed to be protected from.  While I
> guess it could be the third part, that is hardly the limit of who one cou=
ld
> wish for privacy to be protected from.  Do you care about privacy from th=
e
> visited SP?  Should the IdP be able to know who the client is visiting?
>=20
> 11.  It is laid out that organizations should be able to set their own
> authentication structure.  Is there going to be a minimum security that i=
s
> imposed on organizations by the eduroam federation?
>=20
> 12.  Were any other options considered for the architecture?  If so why w=
ere
> they not used?=20
>=20
> 13.  Section 2 - If you read the ABFAB architecture document, I think we
> talk about three different trust relationships.  Two of which are
> "pre-existing" and one of which is established during the protocol. =20
>=20
> 14.  Going from the term type of trust to trust relationship does don't f=
low
> well.
>=20
> 15.  The term establishment is potentially confusing in this location.  A=
re
> you talking about for a single event or initial establishment (i.e.
> introduction ) between the user and the IdP.
>=20
> 16.  Section 2.1 - I can understand that authentication uses EAP.  Howeve=
r
> how does it use 802.1X and not use RADIUS for authentication?   If 802.1x
> does anything other than carry EAP this should be covered.   Otherwise yo=
u
> should probably include RADIUS here as well.
>=20
> 17.  Section 2.1.1 ?? wireless networks MUST support WPA2+AES - What does
> this mean?  It is a requirement that all networks deploy this or merely t=
hat
> the hardware has the capability to use it?  If a network deploys both WPA=
2
> and WPA does that require that multiple SSIDs be used?  If so is there a
> naming convention that is documented for this usage type?
>=20
> 18. What are the security implications of not knowing who the SP is - sin=
ce
> all SSIDs are "eduroam" it is not possible to distinguish from a user
> perspective which are not to be used.
>=20
> 19.  Discuss the trade of for not always using "eduroam-foo" as the SSID
>=20
> 20.  Section 2.1.2 - What guidance is the federation giving on EAP method=
s -
> is that of interest to this document?
>=20
> 21.  What is the "policy with regards to security properties"
>=20
> 22.  I don't understand the purpose of Figure 1 - It does not appear to b=
e
> reference from the text in any way.  The picture would seem to be
> underspecified in that the specific protocols are not put any place (i.e.
> X802.1x)  and the term EAP tunnel is not introduced in any manner.  As wi=
th
> the ABFAB document I did like that it is not clear that the tunneled eap =
is
> not traveling directly between the host and the authentication server.
>=20
> 23.  Note that mutual authentication does not imply privacy.  If I
> authenticate with EAP-TLS and send both the server and the client
> certificates in the clear then I have mutual authentication however I hav=
e
> no privacy on identities.
>=20
> 24.  The term outer identity is problematic.  There is the EAP outer
> identity - and then there is the RADIUS user-identity attribute.  The
> routing is done on the later and it is generally (but not always) copied
> from the initial EAP method.  However not all methods will have a distinc=
t
> inner identity.  Is there an identity that is transmitted on 802.1x that =
is
> used rather than the first eap name?
>=20
> 25.  When did you suddenly say than a TLS tunnel was required.  If this i=
s
> true it should be stated someplace explicitly.  This is not a requirement=
 on
> IdPs that was not there before. =20
>=20
> 26.  Do you want to say that outer identities must be NAIs or not?
>=20
> 27..  Section 2.2.1 - You just sprang a national server on me without
> telling me what it represents.   Are you assuming that all routing is two
> levels deep or  is there three and four level deep routing. =20
>=20
> 28.  Do you want to say at this point who is operating the national serve=
rs
> and root servers?   On what basis will they setup or remove shared secret=
s
> with organizations?
>=20
> 29.  What are the trade offs of using anonymous@surfnet.nl vs @surnet.nl =
for
> the outer identity?
>=20
> 30.  What, if anything needs to be said about the trust needed between th=
e
> access points and the organization RADIUS server.  Is this under some typ=
e
> of protections?
>=20
> 31. Section 3 - Not all of the issues appear to be future problems that a=
re
> expected.  This paragraph should be expanded to say that current operatio=
ns
> have identified problems, in addition others are expected with an increas=
e
> of ...
>=20
> 32.  Section 3.1 - I think the word you are looking for is deduced rather
> than deducted in many of these sentences.
>=20
> 33.  I have a slight problem with the fact that you are using down the
> authentication path since you have just told me that it is a tree and thu=
s
> has both an up and a down component.  'Along' might be a better choice.
>=20
> 34.  I would not use the term proxy chain when looking at the length.  I
> would just say that the radius authentication chain contains more than on=
e
> hop.   If there were no proxies then you have no problems, but in that ca=
se
> the proxy chain is 0 hops? 1 hop?  Not clear.
>=20
> 35.  I assume that if a server which is believed to be "dead" sends you a=
n
> authentication request then you would also know that it is now live (step=
 3)
>=20
> 36.  One option that is not discussed here is the option of always floodi=
ng
> and never assuming anything but realms fail.  What are the operational
> problem with this approach.
>=20
> 37.  Presumably the use of TCP rather than UDP would also help this
> situation.  Since you seem to be talking about ways that can be used to f=
ix
> this here.
>=20
> 38.  Section 3.2 - ? reactively or retroactively?
>=20
> 39.  You don't say how much improvements from section 3.1 would deal with
> this issue.  If you could get reliable - don't fail because I did not get=
 a
> reply - does this help the situation in the event of no reply?
>=20
> 40.  What would be the security implications of being able to inject an
> error code into the stream by a middle man?  Are they any worse than the
> injection of an access-deny?
>=20
> 41.  Do you need to talk about dropped packets in this context as well as
> dead servers?
>=20
> 42.  If 802.1x does not allow for returning errors.  Are you suggesting t=
hat
> the RADIUS servers would inject EAP packets in the event of failures or
> should this be handled by the NAS?
>=20
> 43.  Section 3.3 - You need to tell me what a ccTLD and a gTLD are
>=20
> 44.  What are the "downsides" to routing based on insertion of new
> "national" servers that can talk directly to the org servers?   These
> servers would potentially need to be more intelligent - but it would
> restrict the places where tables need to be routed.  Was this considered?
>=20
> 45.  I am not sure that I understand why doing an add of a new route woul=
d
> be especially error prone.  It seems that this should be easily fixable b=
y a
> simple tool.  Are you ever removing this from the table - it seems that t=
his
> would be overwhelmed by adds.  Are these mappings made at more than just =
the
> root level - that is not clear from the discussion although I assume it
> would be true. =20
>=20
> 46.  Who are you imposing the recommendation on?  Is this a new 802.1x
> requirement for an updated draft?  If so is this really what you want - o=
r
> do you want to be able to negotiate the L2 packet size all the way down?
>=20
> 47.  For whom are they hard to diagnose? Are you just talking about users=
 or
> are you talking about IT departments as well?  Are there recommendations =
on
> how to do this diagnosis?
>=20
> 48.  Section 3.5 - Are EAP MSKs used in this configuration?  If so then y=
ou
> have low level encryption on these and it could potentially be stolen and
> used.
>=20
> 49.  It is not clear to me that using a pseudonymous client identifier fo=
r
> the client does much of anything to prevent linking to an actual client.
> You still can build a large mobility profile.
>=20
> 50.  You have not dealt with the issue for TLS of checking that the serve=
r
> certificate is still valid.  This is also not currently done.
>=20
> 51.  Have you brought up the concept of an EAP configuration meta data
> format in the EMU group?  It is about to close.
>=20
> 52.  Is there a reason why you don't reference RADIUS-TLS at this point a=
s
> this would deal with this issue to a certain extent.  I.e. no protection
> from the proxies but from eavesdroppers.
>=20
> 53.  Section 4.1.1 - why is the translation not satisfactorily answered b=
y
> NASREQ?
>=20
> 54.  The last pargraph of 4.1.1. should be the first paragraph of 4.1.2
>=20
> 55.  Section 5 - It would seem that placing the policy enforcement with
> Chargeable User Identity at the RADIUS server nearest the NAS - or at the
> edge of the organization, would make as much sense as placing it on the N=
AS
> itself.  This would allow for correlation between different access points
> and given a better idea of abuse on the network as a whole.  Thus using t=
he
> servers that do this would solve the problem better.
>=20
> 56.  Section 5.1 - It may be also taken as evidence that you have no idea=
 of
> what is going on as you have not identified the serious incident as being
> serious.
>=20
> 57.  Section 5.2 - How does the fact that the home site is now going have
> the ability to block reflect back on the question of differences of opini=
on
> on if the action was abuse or not?  What type of protocol is setup for
> dealing with this type of request- is it automated, done by hand or throu=
gh
> the infrastructure?
>=20
> 58.  Section 5.3 - Given that home servers are required to regularly chur=
n
> CUIs, how does this affect the local accounting problems in terms of
> tracking and preventing people from abusing the system.  Can the home IdP
> simply deal with this issue by changing the CUI of an individual every ti=
me
> an abuse is reported?
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Random changes
>=20
> s/Abfab/ABFAB/
> s/in all continents/on all continents/
> s/like for example/like/
> s/alternative use/alternative uses/
> s/foresaw/?????? - I am not sure what this sentence is supposed to say/
>=20
> Update reference to privacy terminology draft - it is now
> draft-iab-private-considerations
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20

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[BA] Also=2C RFC 5247 desribes the security issues that can arise when spli=
tting the AP function.=20
 Stefan Winter said:=20
=20
"You attempt to split the role of the Access Point into several
sub-entities. This is admirable=2C but by no means a novelty. There are
many proprietary approaches to this=2C but there's also already a set of
RFCs describing a standard way:"
=20
 		 	   		  =

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{
font-size: 12pt=3B
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--></style></head>
<body class=3D'hmmessage'><div dir=3D'ltr'>[BA] Also=2C RFC 5247 desribes t=
he security issues&nbsp=3Bthat can arise when splitting the AP function. <b=
r>&nbsp=3B<BR><div><div id=3D"SkyDrivePlaceholder">Stefan Winter said: <br>=
&nbsp=3B<br>"You attempt to split the role of the Access Point into several=
<br>sub-entities. This is admirable=2C but by no means a novelty. There are=
<br>many proprietary approaches to this=2C but there's also already a set o=
f<br>RFCs describing a standard way:"<br>&nbsp=3B<br></div></div> 		 	   		=
  </div></body>
</html>=

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From: Behcet Sarikaya <sarikaya2012@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [radext] FW: New Version Notification for draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt
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Hi Stefan, Bernard,

This draft is not about split MAC, local MAC of CAPWAP protocol (in the
draft those are called Fit AP, Fat AP, quite strangely).

This draft is about the case where IEEE 802.11i authenticator is moved from
the AC of CAPWAP to the access router which is not at the same time the AC.

In that case the keys, e.g. PMK has to be transferred to the AC. The
solution is described in Section 5 which uses CoA type of signaling (as in
RFC3576).  This requires some RADIUS extensions

Hope this helps.

Regards,

Behcet


On Fri, Mar 29, 2013 at 4:35 PM, Bernard Aboba <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>wrote:

> [BA] Also, RFC 5247 desribes the security issues that can arise when
> splitting the AP function.
>
> Stefan Winter said:
>
> "You attempt to split the role of the Access Point into several
> sub-entities. This is admirable, but by no means a novelty. There are
> many proprietary approaches to this, but there's also already a set of
> RFCs describing a standard way:"
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> radext mailing list
> radext@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div><div>Hi Stefan, Bernard,<br><br><=
/div>This draft is not about split MAC, local MAC of CAPWAP protocol (in th=
e draft those are called Fit AP, Fat AP, quite strangely).<br><br></div>Thi=
s draft is about the case where IEEE 802.11i authenticator is moved from th=
e AC of CAPWAP to the access router which is not at the same time the AC. <=
br>
<br></div>In that case the keys, e.g. PMK has to be transferred to the AC. =
The solution is described in Section 5 which uses CoA type of signaling (as=
 in RFC3576).=A0 This requires some RADIUS extensions<br><br></div>Hope thi=
s helps.<br>
<br></div>Regards,<br><br></div>Behcet<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">=
<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 29, 2013 at 4:35 PM, Bernard=
 Aboba <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:bernard_aboba@hotmail.com" t=
arget=3D"_blank">bernard_aboba@hotmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">


<div><div dir=3D"ltr">[BA] Also, RFC 5247 desribes the security issues=A0th=
at can arise when splitting the AP function. <br><div class=3D"im">=A0<br><=
div><div>Stefan Winter said: <br>=A0<br>&quot;You attempt to split the role=
 of the Access Point into several<br>
sub-entities. This is admirable, but by no means a novelty. There are<br>ma=
ny proprietary approaches to this, but there&#39;s also already a set of<br=
>RFCs describing a standard way:&quot;<br>=A0<br></div></div> 		 	   		  </=
div>
</div></div>
<br>_______________________________________________<br>
radext mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:radext@ietf.org">radext@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext" target=3D"_blank">=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div>

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From: Xueli <xueli@huawei.com>
To: Stefan Winter <stefan.winter@restena.lu>, "radext@ietf.org" <radext@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [radext] FW: New Version Notification for draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt
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Hi Stefan



Thanks a lot for your comments.



Actually, the issue is when the authenticator is in access router instead o=
f AC, the PMK should be announced to AC.

Please see the procedure shown as follow

[cid:image003.jpg@01CE2D53.74DAE0C0]



Unfortunately, in exiting authentication procedure, authenticator is the on=
ly node which can obtain the derived PMK,

except of STA and AS. In addition, authenticator is not always deployed col=
located on ecryption/decryption node, as AC.

That is to say, WTP/AC cannot implement STA's traffic encryption/decryption=
 because of lacking the PMK information.

In this case, mechanism is needed to inform the PMK to ecryption/decryption=
 node, WTP or AC in WLAN.



The Radius extension is defined in this draft for key announcement from aut=
henticator(GW) to AC.



I hope this clarification is helpful.



BR

Li



>-----Original Message-----

>From: radext-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf O=
f

>Stefan Winter

>Sent: Friday, March 29, 2013 9:28 PM

>To: radext@ietf.org; Xueli

>Subject: Re: [radext] FW: New Version Notification for

>draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt

>

>Hello,

>

>

>On 28.03.2013 03:12, Xueli wrote:

>> Hi all

>>

>> There is a draft to resolve the some issue raised in WLAN network.

>>

>> In the authentication architecture, only STA and AS can manufacture

>> PMK, moreover, AS can only distribute PMK to Authenticator.However, if

>> the authenticator function is not collocated with the encryption/decrypt=
ion

>function, it is difficult to achieve traffic encryption/decryption in WLAN

>network.

>>

>> The purpose of this document is to analyze the requirement and issue

>> for key management that have arisen so far during STA authentication

>process in WLAN network. Meanwhile, the control messages for key

>management are defined.

>>

>> Your comments are appreciated.

>

>You attempt to split the role of the Access Point into several sub-entitie=
s. This

>is admirable, but by no means a novelty. There are many proprietary

>approaches to this, but there's also already a set of RFCs describing a st=
andard

>way:

>

>If you are interested in offloading functions of an AP into separate sub-e=
ntities,

>you should also first take a look at the results of the CAPWAP working gro=
up,

>whose target is to do just that. The advantage of CAPWAP is that it has a

>much broader scope than "just" the keys for a session.

>

>RFC5415 is a good read. Section 10.1 has a "Station Configuration Request"

>which transmits user session specific data from the controller to the

>lightweight AP (which you call "FIT" AP in your document - did you mean

>"thin" as the opposite to "fat"?).

>

>The media-specific binding in RFC5416 goes into detail and describes how

>exactly session keys are transmitted in WLAN (Sections 5.10, 6.15).

>

>Greetings,

>

>Stefan Winter

>

>

>>

>> BR

>> Li

>>> -----Original Message-----

>>> From: internet-drafts@ietf.org [mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org]

>>> Sent: Monday, February 18, 2013 7:31 PM

>>> To: Xueli

>>> Subject: New Version Notification for

>>> draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt

>>>

>>>

>>> A new version of I-D, draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt

>>> has been successfully submitted by Li Xue and posted to the IETF

>>> repository.

>>>

>>> Filename:  draft-xue-radext-key-management

>>> Revision:   00

>>> Title:          RADIUS Extensions for Key Management in WLAN network

>>> Creation date:  2013-02-18

>>> Group:                Individual Submission

>>> Number of pages: 17

>>> URL:

>>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-xue-radext-key-management-0

>>> 0.txt

>>> Status:

>>> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-xue-radext-key-management

>>> Htmlized:

>>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-xue-radext-key-management-00

>>>

>>>

>>> Abstract:

>>>   In order to guarantee the security and integration of the subscriber

>>>   in WLAN network, Pairwise Master Key (PMK) will be generated as an

>>>   access authorization token during the mutual authentication procedure

>>>   between station (STA) and authenticator server (AS).  Then, the PMK

>>>   and 4-way handshake are used between STA and Authenticator to

>derive,

>>>   bind and verify the Pairwise Transient Key (PTK), which is a

>>>   collection of operational keys for security.  Also,Group Transient

>>>   Key (GTK) can be derived, and is used to secure multicast/broadcast

>>>   traffic.  In the authentication architecture, only STA and AS can

>>>   manufacture PMK, moreover, AS can only distribute PMK to

>>>   Authenticator.However, if the authenticator function is not

>>>   collocated with the encryption/decryption function, it is difficult

>>>   to achieve traffic encryption/decryption in WLAN network.The purpose

>>>   of this document is to analyze the requirement and issue for key

>>>   management that have arisen so far during STA authentication process

>>>   in WLAN network.  Meanwhile, the control messages for key

>>> management

>>>   are defined.

>>>

>>>

>>>

>>>

>>> The IETF Secretariat

>>

>> _______________________________________________

>> radext mailing list

>> radext@ietf.org

>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/radext

>>

>

>

>--

>Stefan WINTER

>Ingenieur de Recherche

>Fondation RESTENA - R=E9seau T=E9l=E9informatique de l'Education Nationale=
 et de

>la Recherche 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi

>L-1359 Luxembourg

>

>Tel: +352 424409 1

>Fax: +352 422473



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<body lang=3D"ZH-CN" link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple" style=3D"text-justify-t=
rim:punctuation">
<div class=3D"WordSection1">
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Hi Stefan<o:p></o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Thanks a lot for your commen=
ts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Actually, the issue is when =
the authenticator is in access router instead of AC, the PMK should be anno=
unced to AC.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Please see the procedure sho=
wn as follow<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><img width=3D"418" height=3D=
"253" id=3D"_x56fe__x7247__x0020_1" src=3D"cid:image003.jpg@01CE2D53.74DAE0=
C0"></span><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Unfortunately, in exiting au=
thentication procedure, authenticator is the only node which can obtain the=
 derived PMK,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">except of STA and AS. In add=
ition, authenticator is not always deployed collocated on ecryption/decrypt=
ion node, as AC.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">That is to say, WTP/AC canno=
t implement STA's traffic encryption/decryption because of lacking the PMK =
information.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">In this case, mechanism is n=
eeded to inform the PMK to ecryption/decryption node, WTP or AC in WLAN.<o:=
p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">The Radius extension is defi=
ned in this draft for key announcement from authenticator(GW) to AC.<o:p></=
o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">I hope this clarification is=
 helpful.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">BR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Li<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;-----Original Message---=
--<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;From: radext-bounces@iet=
f.org [mailto:radext-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Stefan Winter<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Sent: Friday, March 29, =
2013 9:28 PM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;To: radext@ietf.org; Xue=
li<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Subject: Re: [radext] FW=
: New Version Notification for<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;draft-xue-radext-key-man=
agement-00.txt<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Hello,<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;On 28.03.2013 03:12, Xue=
li wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; Hi all<o:p></o:p></=
span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; There is a draft to=
 resolve the some issue raised in WLAN network.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; In the authenticati=
on architecture, only STA and AS can manufacture<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; PMK, moreover, AS c=
an only distribute PMK to Authenticator.However, if<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; the authenticator f=
unction is not collocated with the encryption/decryption<o:p></o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;function, it is difficul=
t to achieve traffic encryption/decryption in WLAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;network.<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; The purpose of this=
 document is to analyze the requirement and issue<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; for key management =
that have arisen so far during STA authentication<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;process in WLAN network.=
 Meanwhile, the control messages for key<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;management are defined.<=
o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; Your comments are a=
ppreciated.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;You attempt to split the=
 role of the Access Point into several sub-entities. This<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;is admirable, but by no =
means a novelty. There are many proprietary<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;approaches to this, but =
there's also already a set of RFCs describing a standard<o:p></o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;way:<o:p></o:p></span></=
p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;If you are interested in=
 offloading functions of an AP into separate sub-entities,<o:p></o:p></span=
></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;you should also first ta=
ke a look at the results of the CAPWAP working group,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;whose target is to do ju=
st that. The advantage of CAPWAP is that it has a<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;much broader scope than =
&quot;just&quot; the keys for a session.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;RFC5415 is a good read. =
Section 10.1 has a &quot;Station Configuration Request&quot;<o:p></o:p></sp=
an></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;which transmits user ses=
sion specific data from the controller to the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;lightweight AP (which yo=
u call &quot;FIT&quot; AP in your document - did you mean<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&quot;thin&quot; as the =
opposite to &quot;fat&quot;?).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;The media-specific bindi=
ng in RFC5416 goes into detail and describes how<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;exactly session keys are=
 transmitted in WLAN (Sections 5.10, 6.15).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Greetings,<o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Stefan Winter<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; BR<o:p></o:p></span=
></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; Li<o:p></o:p></span=
></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; -----Original M=
essage-----<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; From: internet-=
drafts@ietf.org [mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Sent: Monday, F=
ebruary 18, 2013 7:31 PM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; To: Xueli<o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Subject: New Ve=
rsion Notification for<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; draft-xue-radex=
t-key-management-00.txt<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; A new version o=
f I-D, draft-xue-radext-key-management-00.txt<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; has been succes=
sfully submitted by Li Xue and posted to the IETF<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; repository.<o:p=
></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Filename:&nbsp;=
 draft-xue-radext-key-management<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Revision:&nbsp;=
&nbsp; 00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Title:&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; RADIUS Extensions for Key Man=
agement in WLAN network<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Creation date:&=
nbsp; 2013-02-18<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Group:&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp; Individual Submission<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Number of pages=
: 17<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; URL:<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; http://www.ietf=
.org/internet-drafts/draft-xue-radext-key-management-0<o:p></o:p></span></p=
>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; 0.txt<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Status:<o:p></o=
:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; http://datatrac=
ker.ietf.org/doc/draft-xue-radext-key-management<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Htmlized:<o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; http://tools.ie=
tf.org/html/draft-xue-radext-key-management-00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; Abstract:<o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; In =
order to guarantee the security and integration of the subscriber<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; in =
WLAN network, Pairwise Master Key (PMK) will be generated as an<o:p></o:p><=
/span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; acc=
ess authorization token during the mutual authentication procedure<o:p></o:=
p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;bet=
ween station (STA) and authenticator server (AS).&nbsp; Then, the PMK<o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; and=
 4-way handshake are used between STA and Authenticator to<o:p></o:p></span=
></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;derive,<o:p></o:p></span=
></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; bin=
d and verify the Pairwise Transient Key (PTK), which is a<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; col=
lection of operational keys for security.&nbsp; Also,Group Transient<o:p></=
o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Key=
 (GTK) can be derived, and is used to secure multicast/broadcast<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; tra=
ffic.&nbsp; In the authentication architecture, only STA and AS can<o:p></o=
:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; man=
ufacture PMK, moreover, AS can only distribute PMK to<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Aut=
henticator.However, if the authenticator function is not<o:p></o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; col=
located with the encryption/decryption function, it is difficult<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; to =
achieve traffic encryption/decryption in WLAN network.The purpose<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; of =
this document is to analyze the requirement and issue for key<o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; man=
agement that have arisen so far during STA authentication process<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; in =
WLAN network.&nbsp; Meanwhile, the control messages for key<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; management<o:p>=
</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; are=
 defined.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;&gt; The IETF Secret=
ariat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; ___________________=
____________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; radext mailing list=
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; radext@ietf.org<o:p=
></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt; https://www.ietf.or=
g/mailman/listinfo/radext<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s=
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<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
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<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>=
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<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;--<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Stefan WINTER<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><span lang=3D"EN-US">&gt;Ingenieur de Recherche<o=
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