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From: Black_David@emc.com
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Subject: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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In response to my request for explanations of opposition to
requiring sender alignment:

	So, let me ask those three people, plus anyone else
	who is opposed to a general approach of requiring
	sender alignment to send me a brief email off the list
	summarizing their viewpoint and the reasoning behind it.

I received a total of six responses, five of which expressed
varying degrees of opposition to a sender alignment requirement:
	- Somesh Gupta, Caitlin Bestler, David Borman, Randy
		Stewart and Shridhar Mukund
and one that indicated that alignment could be an acceptable
compromise if it could be shown to be of practical value:
	- Jim Williams
I'll leave it to these people to explain their views in further
detail if they think it's warranted (in some cases, what was sent
to me was a summary of what had already been posted to the list).

I'm struck by the fact that a single theme was in common among
the five individuals who expressed opposition, namely:
	- The RDDP specifications need to allow implementations
		over unmodified TCP/IP stacks.

The primary rationales for this are:
(1) An unmodified stack will send unaligned in some circumstances
	that cannot be avoided unless one resorts to truly draconian
	and unacceptable measures such as a ULP-level stop-and-wait
	protocol (ULP ACK between sends drains TCP send queue ensuring
	that next ULP send is aligned by TCP).
(2) Even for a hardware-accelerated ULP server implementation,
	software ULP clients will be common and important.  Implementing
	the RDDP functionality in software over an unmodified stack for
	ULP clients in this scenario is important to reduce barriers
	to adoption/use.  For example, this enables all of RDDP to be
	implemented in user mode over an existing stack.
(3) The ability to run over an unmodified stack makes the RDDP
	protocols far more applicable and hence amenable to
	widespread adoption, including the above ULP client scenario.

Beyond this, I saw a divergence of opinion on how much attention
implementers should pay to aligned vs. unaligned traffic beyond
agreement that it should not be treated as an error case.  This
divergence ranged from "most traffic will be aligned, but unaligned
traffic should not run any slower than ordinary TCP traffic" to
"unaligned traffic will be common enough that implementations
need to optimize for it, even if most/all senders send aligned"
(quoted text is my paraphrase in both cases).  Fortunately, the WG
does not need to settle this issue - implementers are always free
to optimize whatever cases they believe are important.  Some of
the emails also raised other issues that I'll leave it to those
involved to decide whether to discuss further on this list.

So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
as a requirement.  If this should be accepted as a requirement,
then sender alignment cannot be required of all senders (this
wouldn't rule out negotiating it in some fashion).  Here are a
few more implications:
	- Unmodified means 100% unmodified, not even "minor" changes.
	- This would imply that a sender using an unmodified stack
		could send RDDP payloads that are directly placeable
		by an RDDP receiver.
	- There don't appear to be any receiver implications, as
		although an optimized RDDP implementation will likely
		use a modified stack, I haven't seen any proposal that
		requires such modifications (e.g., disallows the brute
		force technique of having TCP buffer as usual and then
		running RDDP functionality on the in-order TCP bytestream).
	- The practical meaning of "allow" would be that an
		implementation is possible without violating any MUST,
		MUST NOT, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT requirement.
The latter bullet is based on my view that "I don't want to modify
an existing stack" is not a sufficient reason by itself to disregard
a SHOULD or SHOULD NOT requirement.

All of this is open to discussion (including the immediately
preceding SHOULD/SHOULD NOT implication).  That should be sufficient
to get further discussion going ;-).  I would ask that those
opposed to accepting the requirement start from the above numbered
rationale and explain what they believe to be wrong/unconvincing/
missing/etc.

Thanks,
--David

----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953 **NEW**     FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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Date: Sat,  4 Jan 2003 12:35:08 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: Re: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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On 1/2/03, Black_David@emc.com wrote:


>
>Beyond this, I saw a divergence of opinion on how much
>attention implementers should pay to aligned vs. unaligned
>traffic beyond agreement that it should not be treated as
>an error case.  This divergence ranged from "most traffic
>will be aligned, but unaligned traffic should not run any
>slower than ordinary TCP traffic" to "unaligned traffic
>will be common enough that implementations need to
>optimize for it, even if most/all senders send aligned"
>(quoted text is my paraphrase in both cases). 
>Fortunately, the WG does not need to settle this issue -
>implementers are always free to optimize whatever cases
>they believe are important.  Some of the emails also
>raised other issues that I'll leave it to those involved
>to decide whether to discuss further on this list.
>

I'm firmly in the camp that favors ensuring that unaligned
operation is *possible* but expecting that it will be the
exception.

It is important to keep in mind that RDDP provides two basic
benefits: direct placement of incoming data and eliminating
false ordering requirements.

Features such as alignment support implementation of direct
placement in hardware. These are important benefits, but
they are not necessary to justify the deployment of RDDP.
A ULP can still benefit from the relaxed ordering rules
and/or from merely having one end of a session with hardware
accelerated data placement.

The prime scenario for this to me is an RDMA enabled file
server dealing with a large number of clients. The clients
may not have enough RDMA specific traffic to justify
hardware assist. But the server can still benefit by being
able to use RDMA at its end, because it does have enough
traffic to justify hardware placement.

The question then becomes whether protocol enhancements
should be done to support optimal hardware implementation
when faced with high volume out-of-order delivery of
non-alligned traffic.

My estimate remains that the overwhelming majority of
connections, even long-haul connections, will not break
alignment. Therefore lower-cost hardware that has a limited
capacity to optimize non-aligned packets will still be of
considerable value.

With those assumptions, I think most people would agree that
addign complexity and overhead to the protocol (such as a
second CRC for just the header) is not justified. Does
anyone agree that the second CRC provides no benefit when
alignment is maintained?

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Black_David@emc.com [mailto:Black_David@emc.com]
> 
> So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> as a requirement.

I don't believe anyone has proposed or recommended otherwise.
(MPA states an MPA-aware sender SHOULD align, but even that
is not contradictory to the above.)
I thought all alignment proposals were optional on the 
part of the sender.  Alignment is potentially exploitable by
the receiver if it exists, and some mechanism should
allow the receiver to determine if alignment is present.
Maybe I am missing the point here.


> 	- This would imply that a sender using an unmodified stack
> 		could send RDDP payloads that are directly placeable
> 		by an RDDP receiver.

By directly placeable, you mean placeable even if received out
or order?  If so, I don't understand how an unaligned RDDP PDU is
directly placeable, and as you stated, unmodified TCP stacks
can't do alignment.

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Jim,

> > So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> > 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> > 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> > as a requirement.
> 
> I don't believe anyone has proposed or recommended otherwise.
> (MPA states an MPA-aware sender SHOULD align, but even that
> is not contradictory to the above.)
> I thought all alignment proposals were optional on the 
> part of the sender.  Alignment is potentially exploitable by
> the receiver if it exists, and some mechanism should
> allow the receiver to determine if alignment is present.
> Maybe I am missing the point here.

The point is that "optional" (MAY) is a considerably weaker
requirement than SHOULD (see RFC 2119).  I believe that an
unmodified TCP stack cannot comply with a "SHOULD align"
requirement solely on the basis that the an implementer does
not want to or cannot modify the stack, in contrast to a
"MAY align" requirement.

In turn, a "MAY align" requirement for senders would make it
incumbent upon receivers to do a "reasonable job" for
unaligned traffic (and there are a range of views in the WG
on what is "reasonable"), in contrast to a "SHOULD align" that
would allow receivers to take the attitude that "the sender
ignored a SHOULD, and hence deserves the lousy performance that
it's going to get".

This is not just a wordsmithing issue, as it is strongly related
to your next concern:

> > 	- This would imply that a sender using an unmodified stack
> > 		could send RDDP payloads that are directly placeable
> > 		by an RDDP receiver.
> 
> By directly placeable, you mean placeable even if received out
> or order?  If so, I don't understand how an unaligned RDDP PDU is
> directly placeable, and as you stated, unmodified TCP stacks
> can't do alignment.

I believe so.  If we accept the requirement, I am concerned about
problem magnification - essentially, transient network congestion
causes TCP to start sending unaligned, which in turn causes serious
performance problems on servers that relied on aligned transmission
for performance, thus turning a network problem that TCP can readily
ride out into a serious overall system performance glitch.  While
implementers cannot be prevented from doing this, one can use
carefully drafted and well explained SHOULDs and SHOULD NOTs to
warn of the perils lurking here.

Markers and similar mechanisms are among the ways to obtain direct
placeability of unaligned RDDP PDUs, although I don't see the need
for every RDDP PDU to be directly placeable under all circumstances
(cf. previous list discussion on why there's no such thing as a truly
bufferless [R]NIC).

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953 **NEW**     FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Black_David@emc.com [mailto:Black_David@emc.com]

> > > So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether 
> > > to accept:
> > > 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> > > 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> > > as a requirement.
> > 
> > I don't believe anyone has proposed or recommended otherwise.
> > (MPA states an MPA-aware sender SHOULD align, but even that
> > is not contradictory to the above.)
> > [...]
> 
> The point is that "optional" (MAY) is a considerably weaker
> requirement than SHOULD (see RFC 2119).  I believe that an
> unmodified TCP stack cannot comply with a "SHOULD align"
> requirement solely on the basis that the an implementer does
> not want to or cannot modify the stack, in contrast to a
> "MAY align" requirement.

If a sender MAY be MPA-aware, and an MPA-aware sender
SHOULD align, then we have an overall MAY.  This was how
I interpreted the draft.  However, your
point is well taken, and the draft could be a bit
clearer on this.

> [...]
> 
> 
> Markers and similar mechanisms are among the ways to obtain direct
> placeability of unaligned RDDP PDUs [...].

The data can't be placed until the header is received.  In the
unaligned case, at best only part of the data can be placed, even
with markers or similar mechanism.

Doing partial packet placement, while theoretically possible,
has some serious practical concerns.

  1. To be of any value, it implies the ability to free partial
     buffers for re-use, while keeping the unplaced data.
     Or else copying the unplaced fragment elsewhere to allow
     freeing the buffer.  Either causes serious implementation
     complexities that are avoided in the aligned case.

  2. Since each supported connection may have an associated
     unplaced fragment, the total data buffering required
     now scales linearly with the number of active connections.
     This is fundamentally different than the aligned case.
     Worse, if there are multiple gaps, there may be 
     multiple unplaced fragments on a single connection.

I do not believe that direct placement of unaligned PDUs 
achieves the objectives that the proponents of direct
placement are looking for.

 
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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inline


|---------+---------------------------->
|         |           "Williams, Jim"  |
|         |           <Jim.Williams@emu|
|         |           lex.com>         |
|         |           Sent by:         |
|         |           rddp-admin@ietf.o|
|         |           rg               |
|         |                            |
|         |                            |
|         |           07/01/03 05:10 PM|
|---------+---------------------------->
  >-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                                                                               |
  |       To:       rddp@ietf.org                                                                                                 |
  |       cc:                                                                                                                     |
  |       Subject:  RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification                                                                     |
  >-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|






> -----Original Message-----
> From: Black_David@emc.com [mailto:Black_David@emc.com]

> > > So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether
> > > to accept:
> > >              - The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> > >                          unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> > > as a requirement.
> >
> > I don't believe anyone has proposed or recommended otherwise.
> > (MPA states an MPA-aware sender SHOULD align, but even that
> > is not contradictory to the above.)
> > [...]
>
> The point is that "optional" (MAY) is a considerably weaker
> requirement than SHOULD (see RFC 2119).  I believe that an
> unmodified TCP stack cannot comply with a "SHOULD align"
> requirement solely on the basis that the an implementer does
> not want to or cannot modify the stack, in contrast to a
> "MAY align" requirement.

If a sender MAY be MPA-aware, and an MPA-aware sender
SHOULD align, then we have an overall MAY.  This was how
I interpreted the draft.  However, your
point is well taken, and the draft could be a bit
clearer on this.

> [...]
>
>
> Markers and similar mechanisms are among the ways to obtain direct
> placeability of unaligned RDDP PDUs [...].

The data can't be placed until the header is received.  In the
unaligned case, at best only part of the data can be placed, even
with markers or similar mechanism.

<VM> I would say that the data cannot be placed until the entire MPA
segment has been received. Even in-order reception of part
of MPA segment would require to keep the received part in the intermediate
buffers <VM>

<VM> I don't think that purpose of Markers is to enable direct data
placement.
Markers just help to find the next DDP header. This feature is very
valuable when TCP segment is lost.
In aligned case Markers allow to ensure alignment and perform direct data
placement.
In not aligned case, Markers reduce the size of the intermediate buffers -
placement of the arriving DDP segments can be done without waiting for the
lost segment.
Another feature of Markers, is their transparency to the resegmenting TCP
boxes. <VM>

Doing partial packet placement, while theoretically possible,
has some serious practical concerns.

  1. To be of any value, it implies the ability to free partial
     buffers for re-use, while keeping the unplaced data.
     Or else copying the unplaced fragment elsewhere to allow
     freeing the buffer.  Either causes serious implementation
     complexities that are avoided in the aligned case.

  2. Since each supported connection may have an associated
     unplaced fragment, the total data buffering required
     now scales linearly with the number of active connections.
     This is fundamentally different than the aligned case.
     Worse, if there are multiple gaps, there may be
     multiple unplaced fragments on a single connection.

I do not believe that direct placement of unaligned PDUs
achieves the objectives that the proponents of direct
placement are looking for.


_______________________________________________
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rddp@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rddp



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To: Black_David@emc.com
cc: rddp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification 
In-Reply-To: Message from Black_David@emc.com 
   of "Thu, 02 Jan 2003 15:21:58 EST." <277DD60FB639D511AC0400B0D068B71E0564C6CA@corpmx14.us.dg.com> 
References: <277DD60FB639D511AC0400B0D068B71E0564C6CA@corpmx14.us.dg.com> 
Date: Tue, 07 Jan 2003 16:28:36 -0500
From: Stephen Bailey <steph@cs.uchicago.edu>
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David,

I'm too woozy right this second to completely understand the details
of your consensus request, so I'll just charge ahead.

Perhaps stating the obvious, it seems ridiculous to require RDDP run
on a TCP that performs sender alignment.  RDDP must be able to run on
an unmodified TCP.  It seems equally ridiculous to expect the receiver
to hypothesize but verify sender alignment without any information
about whether the sender is even trying to provide it.  An unmodified
sender is not likely to end up aligning by accident.

That leaves the endpoints negotiating whether the sender will try, and
if so, the receiver will verify, correct?

Steph

> In response to my request for explanations of opposition to
> requiring sender alignment:
> 
> 	So, let me ask those three people, plus anyone else
> 	who is opposed to a general approach of requiring
> 	sender alignment to send me a brief email off the list
> 	summarizing their viewpoint and the reasoning behind it.
> 
> I received a total of six responses, five of which expressed
> varying degrees of opposition to a sender alignment requirement:
> 	- Somesh Gupta, Caitlin Bestler, David Borman, Randy
> 		Stewart and Shridhar Mukund
> and one that indicated that alignment could be an acceptable
> compromise if it could be shown to be of practical value:
> 	- Jim Williams
> I'll leave it to these people to explain their views in further
> detail if they think it's warranted (in some cases, what was sent
> to me was a summary of what had already been posted to the list).
> 
> I'm struck by the fact that a single theme was in common among
> the five individuals who expressed opposition, namely:
> 	- The RDDP specifications need to allow implementations
> 		over unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> 
> The primary rationales for this are:
> (1) An unmodified stack will send unaligned in some circumstances
> 	that cannot be avoided unless one resorts to truly draconian
> 	and unacceptable measures such as a ULP-level stop-and-wait
> 	protocol (ULP ACK between sends drains TCP send queue ensuring
> 	that next ULP send is aligned by TCP).
> (2) Even for a hardware-accelerated ULP server implementation,
> 	software ULP clients will be common and important.  Implementing
> 	the RDDP functionality in software over an unmodified stack for
> 	ULP clients in this scenario is important to reduce barriers
> 	to adoption/use.  For example, this enables all of RDDP to be
> 	implemented in user mode over an existing stack.
> (3) The ability to run over an unmodified stack makes the RDDP
> 	protocols far more applicable and hence amenable to
> 	widespread adoption, including the above ULP client scenario.
> 
> Beyond this, I saw a divergence of opinion on how much attention
> implementers should pay to aligned vs. unaligned traffic beyond
> agreement that it should not be treated as an error case.  This
> divergence ranged from "most traffic will be aligned, but unaligned
> traffic should not run any slower than ordinary TCP traffic" to
> "unaligned traffic will be common enough that implementations
> need to optimize for it, even if most/all senders send aligned"
> (quoted text is my paraphrase in both cases).  Fortunately, the WG
> does not need to settle this issue - implementers are always free
> to optimize whatever cases they believe are important.  Some of
> the emails also raised other issues that I'll leave it to those
> involved to decide whether to discuss further on this list.
> 
> So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> as a requirement.  If this should be accepted as a requirement,
> then sender alignment cannot be required of all senders (this
> wouldn't rule out negotiating it in some fashion).  Here are a
> few more implications:
> 	- Unmodified means 100% unmodified, not even "minor" changes.
> 	- This would imply that a sender using an unmodified stack
> 		could send RDDP payloads that are directly placeable
> 		by an RDDP receiver.
> 	- There don't appear to be any receiver implications, as
> 		although an optimized RDDP implementation will likely
> 		use a modified stack, I haven't seen any proposal that
> 		requires such modifications (e.g., disallows the brute
> 		force technique of having TCP buffer as usual and then
> 		running RDDP functionality on the in-order TCP bytestream).
> 	- The practical meaning of "allow" would be that an
> 		implementation is possible without violating any MUST,
> 		MUST NOT, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT requirement.
> The latter bullet is based on my view that "I don't want to modify
> an existing stack" is not a sufficient reason by itself to disregard
> a SHOULD or SHOULD NOT requirement.
> 
> All of this is open to discussion (including the immediately
> preceding SHOULD/SHOULD NOT implication).  That should be sufficient
> to get further discussion going ;-).  I would ask that those
> opposed to accepting the requirement start from the above numbered
> rationale and explain what they believe to be wrong/unconvincing/
> missing/etc.
> 
> Thanks,
> --David
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------
> David L. Black, Senior Technologist
> EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
> +1 (508) 293-7953 **NEW**     FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
> black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
> ----------------------------------------------------
> _______________________________________________
> rddp mailing list
> rddp@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rddp
> 
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To: Jim.Williams@emulex.com, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
Date: Tue, 7 Jan 2003 17:59:54 -0500 
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Jim,

> > > > So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether 
> > > > to accept:
> > > > 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> > > > 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> > > > as a requirement.
> > > 
> > > I don't believe anyone has proposed or recommended otherwise.
> > > (MPA states an MPA-aware sender SHOULD align, but even that
> > > is not contradictory to the above.)
> > > [...]
> > 
> > The point is that "optional" (MAY) is a considerably weaker
> > requirement than SHOULD (see RFC 2119).  I believe that an
> > unmodified TCP stack cannot comply with a "SHOULD align"
> > requirement solely on the basis that the an implementer does
> > not want to or cannot modify the stack, in contrast to a
> > "MAY align" requirement.
> 
> If a sender MAY be MPA-aware, and an MPA-aware sender
> SHOULD align, then we have an overall MAY.  This was how
> I interpreted the draft.  However, your
> point is well taken, and the draft could be a bit clearer on this.

That's one side of it, the other side (ellipsed in your message)
is whether the receiver is under some obligation do a "reasonable job"
of RDDP on traffic that arrives unaligned and what that means.  If
the only way to avoid "MPA-aware sender SHOULD align" is to not be
MPA-aware, and the sender not being MPA-aware disables RDDP at the
receiver, then RDDP does not run over unmodified TCP stacks (oops).
In defense of the MPA draft, I believe it intended to separate the
MPA additions to the bytestream from MPA-aware TCP, but the MPA
with unmodified TCP case doesn't get sufficient attention.

> > Markers and similar mechanisms are among the ways to obtain direct
> > placeability of unaligned RDDP PDUs [...].
> 
> The data can't be placed until the header is received.  In the
> unaligned case, at best only part of the data can be placed, even
> with markers or similar mechanism.
> 
> Doing partial packet placement, while theoretically possible,
> has some serious practical concerns.
>
>   1. To be of any value, it implies the ability to free partial
>      buffers for re-use, while keeping the unplaced data.
>      Or else copying the unplaced fragment elsewhere to allow
>      freeing the buffer.  Either causes serious implementation
>      complexities that are avoided in the aligned case.

I think that's overstated.  There are "complexities", but they
don't entail either copying or partial freeing.  For example,
one could use reference counting to not free a buffer until all
of its pieces have been placed.
 
>   2. Since each supported connection may have an associated
>      unplaced fragment, the total data buffering required
>      now scales linearly with the number of active connections.
>      This is fundamentally different than the aligned case.
>      Worse, if there are multiple gaps, there may be 
>      multiple unplaced fragments on a single connection.

Yes, but that's still better than connection count x bandwidth x
round trip time for the case in which a TCP retransmit has to be
waited for before placement can occur.

> I do not believe that direct placement of unaligned PDUs 
> achieves the objectives that the proponents of direct
> placement are looking for.

No comment, for further discussion.

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953 **NEW**     FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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To: steph@cs.uchicago.edu
Cc: rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification 
Date: Tue, 7 Jan 2003 18:13:02 -0500 
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Steph,

> I'm too woozy right this second to completely understand the details
> of your consensus request, so I'll just charge ahead.

By all means.  This consensus request is a bit tricky as I'm trying
to establish consensus on a requirement, some of whose implications
are not immediately or plainly obvious.
 
> Perhaps stating the obvious, it seems ridiculous to require RDDP run
> on a TCP that performs sender alignment.  RDDP must be able to run on
> an unmodified TCP.

I'll note you as being in favor of the requirement.

>  It seems equally ridiculous to expect the receiver
> to hypothesize but verify sender alignment without any information
> about whether the sender is even trying to provide it.  An unmodified
> sender is not likely to end up aligning by accident.

I'm not sure about that.  For a request/response ULP where there's
not enough traffic to keep data flowing in both directions all the
time, alignment by accident may well happen based on draining the
send queue at various points (esp. if the Nagle optimization is
disabled which seems to be getting an increasing level of recommendation
these days).  iSCSI, NFS, and CIFS come to mind as examples of such
protocols for some reason [;-)], but HTTP can also behave this way.
 
> That leaves the endpoints negotiating whether the sender will try, and
> if so, the receiver will verify, correct?

That's certainly one way to approach the problem.  My impression of the
MPA draft is that it went in the direction of always trying to optimize
for alignment in the hope that modified senders will help out by aligning
in situations where unmodified ones may fail to align, but I'll be happy
to have the MPA authors clarify this.  Some sort of negotiation-like
mechanism could also help with the "avoidance of framed vs. non-framed
traffic confusion" issue that the WG has to resolve.

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953 **NEW**     FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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From mailnull@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jan  8 12:19:08 2003
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From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: Re: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification 
To: Stephen Bailey <steph@cs.uchicago.edu>, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/7/03, Stephen Bailey wrote:


>
>Perhaps stating the obvious, it seems ridiculous to
>require RDDP run on a TCP that performs sender alignment. 
>RDDP must be able to run on an unmodified TCP.  It seems
>equally ridiculous to expect the receiver to hypothesize
>but verify sender alignment without any information about
>whether the sender is even trying to provide it.  An
>unmodified sender is not likely to end up aligning by
>accident.
>
A DDP/MPA stack implemented on top of a conventional sockets
interface could be attempting to achieve alignment by
flushing. This could succeed most of the time, but fail when
the unaltered stack had reasons to ignore the user level
hint (such as retransmissions or congestion).

Similarly a TCP-spoofing middlebox (that terminates and
re-orginates the TCP connection) might be deployed even
without a severe MTU change. For example, the pacing
characteristics of the two networks are radically different.
Such a middlebox might pass *most* TCP segments through
unmodified, but reserve the right to consolidate them on
retransmits, etc.

Administrative methods could be deployed to allow a receiver
to *know* certain connections will be aligned. For example a
list of "safe" netmasks could be applied. But I do not think
there is anyway to *dynamically* determine that a given
connection is "safe" and is guaranteed to maintain alignment
from that point forward.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
To: rddp@ietf.org
Cc: Vadim Makhervaks <VADIK@il.ibm.com>
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On 1/7/03, Vadim Makhervaks replying to Jim Williams wrote:

>The data can't be placed until the header is received.  In
>the unaligned case, at best only part of the data can be
>placed, even with markers or similar mechanism.
>
><VM> I would say that the data cannot be placed until the
>entire MPA segment has been received. Even in-order
>reception of part of MPA segment would require to keep the
>received part in the intermediate buffers <VM>
>
><VM> I don't think that purpose of Markers is to enable
>direct data placement. Markers just help to find the next
>DDP header. This feature is very valuable when TCP segment
>is lost. In aligned case Markers allow to ensure alignment
>and perform direct data placement. In not aligned case,
>Markers reduce the size of the intermediate buffers -
>placement of the arriving DDP segments can be done without
>waiting for the lost segment. Another feature of Markers,
>is their transparency to the resegmenting TCP boxes. <VM>

Markers enable detection of the DDP segment even when
delivered out-of-order. This is true even when alignment has
not been preserved, its just that two (or possibly more) TCP
segments will have to be received to get the DDP segment.
But placement is still enabled even if a prior TCP segment
holding portions of prior DDP segments is still missing.

Consider the very common scenario where there are many DDP
segments in-flight, and only a single segment has been
dropped. Even without alignment, nearly every DDP segment
can be found and placed.

The worst case scenario without alignment does indeed
require extensive buffering (theoretically up to half of
what a non-marker solution would require). But as previosly
discussed, it would be a totally valid implementation
decision to handle such a worst case scenario on the host
processor. The protocol works even without hardware
optimization of worst case scenarios.

Most importantly, the effort required to support
non-alligned connections does not have to have any adverse
effect on the alligned connections.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
To: rddp@ietf.org
Cc: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
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On 1/7/03, Williams, Jim wrote:


>
>  2. Since each supported connection may have an associated
>     unplaced fragment, the total data buffering required
>     now scales linearly with the number of active 
>     connections.

It scales linearly with the number of active unaligned
connections. No additional buffering is required for aligned
connections.

Whether the wording is MAY or SHOULD, the intent is clear
that anyone intending to make extensive use of DDP/MPA/TCP
really needs to do alignment, and to ensure that their
traffic is not routinely trounced by a middlebox that will
destroy that alignment.

It is my opinion that the vast majority of connections in
the overwhelming majority of deployments will originate and
maintain alignment. Relatively low cost hardware can
optimize an amazingly large number of these connections.
This is of great value to the end user, whether or not we
can guarantee that any specific connection will be aligned.

An implementation can limit the amount of buffering it
wishes to allocate to support unaligned reception. This can
be in the form of a limit on RNIC buffering, or in simply
passing them to the host to handle (and hence limiting
support to the host's capacity).

This means that an RNIC will have to rate itself based on
the maximum number of concurrent aligned connections and
unaligned connections that it can support. It is under no
obligation to divert an unlimited portion of its resources
to support unaligned connections.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
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On 1/9/03, Williams, Jim wrote:


>
>Interestingly, though, RDDP has the property that all
>received data can be immediately processed.  There is
>never any need to stop the remote sender.  The only
>problem occurs when data comes in faster than it
>can be processed.  In this case the desired behavior
>is to slow down the sender a bit, not stop it.
>Therefore ECN might be a better functional fit
>for this requirement than rwnd.  
>
That property is intrinsic to RDDP no matter what transport
it runs over. The ULP is responsible for pacing untagged
messages, but only the LLP paces tagged messages.

RDDP releases all LLP buffers "immediately", meaning as
quickly as the placement of the tagged/untagged data can be
completed. Given that characteristic it is highly unlikely
that there would be buffering resources dedicated to
specific assocation or connection.

Therefore the challenge, whether over MPA/TCP and/or SCTP,
is to ensure that the internal bandwidth required to support
DDP placement will not be swamped by all incoming data.

Specifically the windows SHOULD be set so that the risk of
exhausting the placement bandwith is as low as possible.

However those windoes CANNOT beset so that said risk is
non-existent. LLP Credits are delivered asynchronously,
uncertainty on placemnt speed because of potential host bus
contention or retries, and more importantly in integral
amounts. Those integral amounts, spread over hundreds of
thousands of connections, either force a severe
under-allocation or an over-allocation.

And certainly the available to-host bandwidth over a
conventional host bus is statistically reliable but
defintely not guaranteed. Limiting your RNIC to the host bus
*guaranteed* rates would be a severe limitation.

I believe most implementers will properly choose to take a
slight risk of over-allocation, knowing that in the worst
case the result is that a packet is dropped. A properly
credited LLP packet arrives and there is no available buffer
for it. No LLP ack is generated, and it is eventually
retransmitted. The same thing can happen at any number of
routers and switches along the route for the very same
reason.

Also consider that in some cases the host memory placement
capacity may actually exceed the capacity of the external
link layer. In that case LLP flow control deals only with
network congestion, RNIC and host buffering is irrelevant.
  

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Caitlin Bestler [mailto:cait@asomi.com]
>
> Therefore the challenge, whether over MPA/TCP and/or SCTP,
> is to ensure that the internal bandwidth required to support
> DDP placement will not be swamped by all incoming data.

I am repeating previous stuff here, so I will be brief.
But I think the above is not necessarily desirable.
Implementations may not be able to keep up with the 
link when average size of incoming packet is small.
For those that can, flow control is not an issue; simply
drop packets in the rare instance of buffer overflow.
For those that can't, flow control is an important
problem since incoming packet rate must be throttled to
below link rate, otherwise too many packets may need
to be dropped.

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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: "'Black_David@emc.com'" <Black_David@emc.com>, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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> So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
>           as a requirement.  

I would say yes to this.  A few more thoughts follow.

What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified TCP/IP stack?

    1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is not an issue.

    2.  Performance must be as good as conventional (non-RDMA) TCP.

    3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
        (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used in this case.

A second question is:

       - Is the case of a large number of slow clients using
         unmodified TCP/IP stacks talking to a fast server
         using an RDMA accelerated NIC an important design point?

If the answer to the second question is YES, then I believe
that the answer to the first question is #3.

If the answer to the second question is NO, then I believe
the answer to the first question is #1, since in practice
no one will use RDMA over an unmodified TCP/IP stack.
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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From: "Culley, Paul" <Paul.Culley@hp.com>
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@emulex.com>, <Black_David@emc.com>,
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Of course all issues surrounding performance are really for the market to decide.

That said, I can see very interesting scenarios where large numbers of slow clients using unmodified stacks is NOT a design point.  Implementations that perform poorly in this case are perfectly acceptable and, if cheaper, preferred.  Most of these scenarios involve a machine room or small campus environment, which also makes deployment of RDDP reasonable in the near term.

I suspect that by the time we can get lots of small clients attached, they will probably have to deal with the WAN.  This adds other considerations like security (can you say IPSEC) which may make more expensive NICs both necessary and acceptable.

Paul Culley
HP Sr. Fellow
281-514-5543


-----Original Message-----
From: Williams, Jim [mailto:Jim.Williams@emulex.com]
Sent: Friday, January 10, 2003 10:44 AM
To: 'Black_David@emc.com'; rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification


> So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
>           as a requirement.  

I would say yes to this.  A few more thoughts follow.

What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified TCP/IP stack?

    1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is not an issue.

    2.  Performance must be as good as conventional (non-RDMA) TCP.

    3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
        (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used in this case.

A second question is:

       - Is the case of a large number of slow clients using
         unmodified TCP/IP stacks talking to a fast server
         using an RDMA accelerated NIC an important design point?

If the answer to the second question is YES, then I believe
that the answer to the first question is #3.

If the answer to the second question is NO, then I believe
the answer to the first question is #1, since in practice
no one will use RDMA over an unmodified TCP/IP stack.
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Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2003 11:32:10 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/10/03, Williams, Jim wrote:

>> So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether
to accept:
>>  - The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
>>      unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
>>           as a requirement.  
>
>I would say yes to this.  A few more thoughts follow.
>
>What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
>receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified
>TCP/IP stack?
>
> 1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is
> not an issue.
>
> 2.  Performance must be as good as conventional
> (non-RDMA) TCP.
>
> 3.  Performance must be significantly better than
> conventional (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be
> used in this case.
>
I could see performance falling to 99% of TCP, where the TCP
stack had pre-posted reads. In a worst case scenario the
lack of allignment eliminates all optimizations for that
one-directional stream.

Then, no matter how valiant the DDP stack tried, it would be
hard to overcome the inherent penalties of the MPA markers.
That would especially be true if the connection were very
reliable (in the statistical sense) and dropped packets were
very rare.

That's essentially agreeing with #2, with hints of #3 if
compared to a non-optimized TCP stack. #1 is clearly
unacceptable from any viewpoint other than it could be the
result of absolute minimalism in drafting the standard. I
would favor a SHOULD that unalligned performance be at least
functionally equivalent of TCP performance.

>A second question is:
>
> - Is the case of a large number of slow clients using
> unmodified TCP/IP stacks talking to a fast server using
> an RDMA accelerated NIC an important design point?
>

The fast server would be using an aligned stack. Maintaining
alignment on reception over an unmodified TCP stack is far
easier (there is less for the local stack to optimize). So
the full benefits of alignment would be achieved in at least
one direction.

The server also recieves the benefit of choosing what order
to deliver tagged buffers. As previously discussed, for a
storage oriented server this can be a considerable benefit.


BTW, am I correct that the only spec issue that depends upon
these questions is that of the header CRC? A header CRC is
indeed justified if we determine the need for higher
performance on an unalligned stream.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2003 11:36:38 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
To: "Culley, Paul" <Paul.Culley@hp.com>, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/10/03, Culley, Paul wrote:

>Of course all issues surrounding performance are really for
the market to decide.
>
>That said, I can see very interesting scenarios where
>large numbers of slow clients using unmodified stacks is
>NOT a design point.  Implementations that perform poorly
>in this case are perfectly acceptable and, if cheaper,
>preferred.  Most of these scenarios involve a machine room
>or small campus environment, which also makes deployment
>of RDDP reasonable in the near term.
>
>I suspect that by the time we can get lots of small
>clients attached, they will probably have to deal with the
>WAN.  This adds other considerations like security (can
>you say IPSEC) which may make more expensive NICs both
>necessary and acceptable.
>
Security may be handled by a VPN router, or it might not be
an issue for the specific ULP.

Some examples of the latter: RDMA to support delivery of
streaming media and/or web content, RDMA to support a remote
sealed-storage SAN server (where the content is both
encrypted and decrypted at the client end).

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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Caitlin Bestler wrote:

> BTW, am I correct that the only spec issue that depends upon
> these questions is that of the header CRC?

CRC question is secondary.  Primary goal was to move 
incrementally closer to consensus on alignment and markers.
Answers to these questions may or may not help, but
that was the goal.
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The answer to the second question is a *loud* YES. Hence, the 
answer to the first question is #3 and possibly #3+, if there 
were one.

Some related comments:

* We seem to keep coming back to the *assumption* that RDMA is 
  only for data center or machine room scenarios. The 
  applicability of RDMA/RDDP is *far wider* than that. In the
  life time of this IETF standard, we are talking about 
  convergent NICs that will make sense for any application 
  that needs movement of ?significant? amounts of data. It may
  make sense to agree upon a list of compelling applications 
  for the next 20+ years.

* Ironically, it is the data center application that, 
  *by-design*, has the luxury of negligible out-of-order-ness
  and/or packet drops. Since I may be delving in a few 
  not-so-obvious and possibly debatable assumptions, I will 
  take this topic up in a seperate thread.

-Shridhar Mukund


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Williams, Jim [mailto:Jim.Williams@emulex.com]
> Sent: Friday, January 10, 2003 8:44 AM
> To: 'Black_David@emc.com'; rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
> 
> 
> > So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> > 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> > 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> >           as a requirement.  
> 
> I would say yes to this.  A few more thoughts follow.
> 
> What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
> receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified TCP/IP stack?
> 
>     1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is 
> not an issue.
> 
>     2.  Performance must be as good as conventional (non-RDMA) TCP.
> 
>     3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
>         (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used in this case.
> 
> A second question is:
> 
>        - Is the case of a large number of slow clients using
>          unmodified TCP/IP stacks talking to a fast server
>          using an RDMA accelerated NIC an important design point?
> 
> If the answer to the second question is YES, then I believe
> that the answer to the first question is #3.
> 
> If the answer to the second question is NO, then I believe
> the answer to the first question is #1, since in practice
> no one will use RDMA over an unmodified TCP/IP stack.
> _______________________________________________
> rddp mailing list
> rddp@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rddp
> 
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From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
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On 1/9/03, Williams, Jim wrote:

>
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Caitlin Bestler [mailto:cait@asomi.com]
>>
>> Therefore the challenge, whether over MPA/TCP and/or
>> SCTP, is to ensure that the internal bandwidth required
>> to support DDP placement will not be swamped by all
>> incoming data.
>
>I am repeating previous stuff here, so I will be brief.
>But I think the above is not necessarily desirable.
>Implementations may not be able to keep up with the 
>link when average size of incoming packet is small.
>For those that can, flow control is not an issue; simply
>drop packets in the rare instance of buffer overflow.
>For those that can't, flow control is an important
>problem since incoming packet rate must be throttled to
>below link rate, otherwise too many packets may need
>to be dropped.
>

I believe the nature of an optimum push-based LLP / DDP
interface changes the dynamics of handling many small
packets.

With a non-DDP interface, small packets can result in a
temporary drop in the available resources. The
implementation can choose to release the unused fragments,
thereby consuming more CPU power and ultimately slowing down
the rate at which the ULPs drain the queue. Or it can stick
with a simpler allocation scheme, optimizing for faster
release of the entire buffer rather than partial release of
the unused portion.

When a large number of small messages arrive, there is more
fragmentation and less available CPU power or there is
wasted space (i.e. the system's capacity is best measured by
the number of packets, not number of bytes).

With non-DDP interfaces, there is typically a hold time on
these buffers. Data is not immediately transferred to the
ULP. Therefore the small-packet-stress induced state will
have a duration that could be long enough to warrant use of
LLP flow control.

An push-based LLP/DDP interface, by contrast, does not
require hold time. The DDP can be required to place the data
*immediately*, and to take note of completion status
immediately.

There can indeed be contention for the host memory bus. That
can lead to delays and even an overload of the host bus
capacity under worst case conditions.

However, I cannot see how such a condition could ever
sustain itself long enough to warrant use of LLP flow
control. The *maximum* delay through the host bus should be
magnitudes lower than the round-trip time over the network.

Basically, LLP deliveries to the DDP layer simply cannot be
held long enough to allow something as slow as LLP flow
control to work.

In the event that placement/completions cannot be delivered
to ULP memory quickly enough then packets will have to be
dropped. That is a given. But I cannot see how LLP flow
control can be applied to a situation where the resource
utilization duration is miniscule compared to the round-trip
time.


Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2003 15:45:59 -0500
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If software implementations are common and important,
that suggests there is value in making the CRC optional.
For hardware implementations, once the CRC is implemented,
it might as well be used always.

However for software there is significant overhead for the
CRC, and some reasons why it might be unnecessary.

  1.  IPSec authentication is in use.

  2.  Connection is on a private network with good quality
      switches/routers and good link CRCs.  So TCP checksum
      is enough.

  3.  ULP does its own end to end integrity check.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Mukund, Shridhar [mailto:Shridhar_Mukund@adaptec.com]
> Sent: Friday, January 10, 2003 5:56 PM
> To: Williams, Jim; 'Black_David@emc.com'; rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
> 
> 
> 
> 
> The answer to the second question is a *loud* YES. Hence, the 
> answer to the first question is #3 and possibly #3+, if there 
> were one.
> 
> -Shridhar Mukund
>
> > What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
> > receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified TCP/IP stack?
> > 
> >     1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is 
> >         not an issue.
> > 
> >     2.  Performance must be as good as conventional (non-RDMA) TCP.
> > 
> >     3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
> >         (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used in this case.
> > 
> > A second question is:
> > 
> >        - Is the case of a large number of slow clients using
> >          unmodified TCP/IP stacks talking to a fast server
> >          using an RDMA accelerated NIC an important design point?
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From: "Mukund, Shridhar" <Shridhar_Mukund@adaptec.com>
To: "'Williams, Jim'" <Jim.Williams@emulex.com>, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2003 14:15:11 -0800
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and,

4. Several applications can tolerate TCP chksm escape.
   ( I am assuming that you are talking only about payload
   CRC and not header CRC )

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Williams, Jim [mailto:Jim.Williams@emulex.com]
> Sent: Monday, January 13, 2003 12:46 PM
> To: rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
> 
> 
> If software implementations are common and important,
> that suggests there is value in making the CRC optional.
> For hardware implementations, once the CRC is implemented,
> it might as well be used always.
> 
> However for software there is significant overhead for the
> CRC, and some reasons why it might be unnecessary.
> 
>   1.  IPSec authentication is in use.
> 
>   2.  Connection is on a private network with good quality
>       switches/routers and good link CRCs.  So TCP checksum
>       is enough.
> 
>   3.  ULP does its own end to end integrity check.
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Mukund, Shridhar [mailto:Shridhar_Mukund@adaptec.com]
> > Sent: Friday, January 10, 2003 5:56 PM
> > To: Williams, Jim; 'Black_David@emc.com'; rddp@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > The answer to the second question is a *loud* YES. Hence, the 
> > answer to the first question is #3 and possibly #3+, if there 
> > were one.
> > 
> > -Shridhar Mukund
> >
> > > What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
> > > receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified 
> TCP/IP stack?
> > > 
> > >     1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is 
> > >         not an issue.
> > > 
> > >     2.  Performance must be as good as conventional 
> (non-RDMA) TCP.
> > > 
> > >     3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
> > >         (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used 
> in this case.
> > > 
> > > A second question is:
> > > 
> > >        - Is the case of a large number of slow clients using
> > >          unmodified TCP/IP stacks talking to a fast server
> > >          using an RDMA accelerated NIC an important design point?
> _______________________________________________
> rddp mailing list
> rddp@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rddp
> 
_______________________________________________
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Mukund, Shridhar [mailto:Shridhar_Mukund@adaptec.com]
> Sent: Monday, January 13, 2003 5:15 PM
> To: Williams, Jim; rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
> 
> > However for software there is significant overhead for the
> > CRC, and some reasons why it might be unnecessary.
> > 
> >   1.  IPSec authentication is in use.
> > 
> >   2.  Connection is on a private network with good quality
> >       switches/routers and good link CRCs.  So TCP checksum
> >       is enough.
> > 
> >   3.  ULP does its own end to end integrity check.
> 
> and,
> 
> 4. Several applications can tolerate TCP chksm escape.
>    ( I am assuming that you are talking only about payload
>    CRC and not header CRC )

I was suggesting both header and payload CRCs be optional,
however should be separate option, as you point out some
may need header CRC but not payload CRC. 
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Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2003 16:46:04 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
Cc: "'Mukund, Shridhar'" <Shridhar_Mukund@adaptec.com>, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/13/03, Williams, Jim wrote:


>> 
>> > However for software there is significant overhead for
>> > the CRC, and some reasons why it might be unnecessary.
>> > 
>> >   1.  IPSec authentication is in use.
>> > 
>> > 2.  Connection is on a private network with good
>> > quality switches/routers and good link CRCs.  So TCP
>> > checksum is enough.
>> > 
>> >   3.  ULP does its own end to end integrity check.
>> 
>> and,
>> 
>> 4. Several applications can tolerate TCP chksm escape. (
>> I am assuming that you are talking only about payload
>> CRC and not header CRC )
>
>I was suggesting both header and payload CRCs be optional,
>however should be separate option, as you point out some
>may need header CRC but not payload CRC. 

Deciding to rely upon ULP validation of the payload is
valid. But if the DDP Header is received in error, the
payload may have been placed anywhere that is write-enabled
for the receiving ULP.

Allowing omission of a CRC covering the DDP Header strikes
me as very dangerous, and possibly a security hole.

If there is a consensus to support splitting CRC coverage
between header and payload, I could see making payload
coverage optional. But the extra complexity is just one more
argument for sticking with a single CRC.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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A bit over a week ago, as WG chair, I posed the issue:

> So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
> as a requirement.  If this should be accepted as a requirement,
> then sender alignment cannot be required of all senders (this
> wouldn't rule out negotiating it in some fashion).

Looking back over discussion since then, I've seen a fair amount
of discussion of implications.  I'm going to comment on some of that
discussion, but leave the issue open for at least the rest of this
week for further discussion.

The key implications seem to involve receiver behavior when the
sender is not modified (and in particular winds up sending unaligned
due to factors beyond its control), as Jim Williams asked:

> What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
> receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified TCP/IP stack?

This is somewhat subtle, as I believe the bulk of the answer
is to be found in what I originally wrote after commenting on the
divergence of views on this topic:

> Fortunately, the WG does not need to settle this issue - implementers
> are always free to optimize whatever cases they believe are important.

or in Paul Culley's words:

> Of course all issues surrounding performance are really for the market
> to decide.

So, I would suggest that trying to write MUST or SHOULD requirements
for receiver performance in this scenario is probably not a good idea.
It's also unlikely to succeed, given the clear divergence of views on
this subject - I believe I've seen support for all three possibilities
that Jim listed:

>     1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is not an issue.
> 
>     2.  Performance must be as good as conventional (non-RDMA) TCP.
>
>     3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
>         (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used in this case.

Given this, the most appropriate thing for the WG to do may be to ensure
that implementers can make choices as they see fit and that the market has
the opportunity to decide - this would be based on following the following
guidance from Section 6 of RFC 2119 on usage of requirements imperatives
such as MUST, SHOULD, and MAY:

   For example, they must not be used to try to impose a particular
   method on implementors where the method is not required for
   interoperability.

For this specific issue, this guidance could be realized as a WG
approach of avoiding design approaches and decisions that have the
effect of ruling out any of the three alternative views listed above.
I would ask people to consider this approach in further discussion.

I also want to remind people of an important point related to the
following comment that Paul Culley made:

> That said, I can see very interesting scenarios where large numbers
> of slow clients using unmodified stacks is NOT a design point.
> Implementations that perform poorly in this case are perfectly
> acceptable and, if cheaper, preferred.  Most of these scenarios
> involve a machine room or small campus environment, which also
> makes deployment of RDDP reasonable in the near term.

As written, Paul's comment is a reasonable rationale for why
implementations matching view 1 above are important.

I want to caution against moving beyond what Paul wrote to argue
that this class of deployment scenario is the only one worth designing
RDDP protocols for - that sort of approach runs counter the IETF
principle of not designing protocols that are intended solely for
operation on private networks, even though many IETF protocols
are widely deployed on private networks.

No criticism of Paul's remarks is intended - what he wrote is a nice
example of staying on the correct side of this distinction while making
his case for the class of implementation he believes is important.

The alignment issue is still open.

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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Williams, Jim wrote:
> Some quick thoughts:
> 
> 
> 
>>  The DDP layer is responsible for submitting messages to the SCTP
>>  layer that conform to the PMTU.  The SCTP layer MAY assume this has
>>  been done.  The DDP layer MAY also wish to set the fragmentation
>>  point (usually termed SCTP_MAXSEG) to a low enough value to assure
>>  that PMTU changes will not cause IP fragmentation.
> 
> 
> I don't have a problem with the "MAY" here, but usually that
> won't be a good idea.  Receiver performance will usually be optimized
> by maximizing the fragment size.  Keeping all the chunk headers
> up front for locality of reference can only help, too.
> 
> IP fragmentation on dynamic PMTU reductions (infrequent) seems
> like a small price to pay.  Probing for larger PMTUs seems like
> a good application for multiple SCTP chunks.  Is there a NOP
> type chunk that could be used to pad out the PMTU to probe
> for larger size without needing to bother the DDP layer
> until the larger PMTU is actually observed (usually it won't
> be)?
> 
As a matter of fact, yes there is! And a couple of
implementations at bakeoffs have it implemented (not my
FreeBSD implementation however)... The Heartbeat chunk
is a completely implementation defined chunk.. it can
be as big or as small as the sending implementation wants
but it MUST be sent back intact!

So one could use it for PMTU discovery... interestingly
enough it also does a PMTU discovery in both directions :>

Do we want to add a hint in the document on this?

Maybe we need a section titled:

"Helpful SCTP implementation options"

or something to that effect


> 
>>  This mapping places an entire SCTP association into a specific DDP
>>  mode: DDP or DDP+RDMA.  It is presumed that the handling of incoming
>>  data chunks for DDP enabled associations is sufficiently different
>>  than for routine SCTP associations that it is undesirable to mix DDP
>>  and non-DDP streams in a single association.  An application that
>>  needs to mix DDP and non-DDP traffic must use more than a single
>>  association.
> 
> 
> This is not completely clear to me.  Does this mean that if the DDP+RDMA
> adaption indication is done for a specific association, then ALL traffic
> over that association is DDP+RDMA, or does it mean that DDP+RDMA may be
> negotiated and used by applications, with initial negotiation done in 
> non-DDP mode?  The former seems much clearer and less ambiguous, but
> not sure if that is how SCTP defines adoption indications.

I think the Former is the proposal.. basically you get a Adatpion
Indication at association setup.. and this places the ENTIRE association
in the DDP/RDMA mode.
> 
> 
> Using the 32 bit Payload Protocol Identifier to carry one bit of
> information looks less than optimal.  Also, with the current definition,
> the DDP and RDMA headers end up being unaligned.  I think some additional
> thought should go into optimizing the combined header format.
> 
I don't see how we can use more than a bit of it.. The PPI is meant
to identify to network elements and middle boxes as well as
the application what data is present in the chunk. To attempt
to "harness" the entire PPI is NOT in accordance with how IANA
will be assigning the PPI... using one or two of them, sort of
like a port number, IS more in line with what they were designed
for... The PPI is required to be assigned by IANA... I doubt
you can get a block of PPI's to represent RDDP... a few yes
a block no.

> 
> Regarding ordering, I would strongly support the preferred option
> of using unordered delivery.  The argument can (and has) been made
> that it is fully compliant with ordered transport semantics to
> do out of order placement, however there will be counter arguments.
> Some of those counter arguments actually seem to me to have 
> some merit.  Regardless, even if those arguments could be won,
> I don't see the down side of using unordered delivery.  If nothing
> else it should save a lot of time and reduce risk of rejection.
> 
Agreed :>

> I would suggest that using SCTP ordered delivery be considered
> as a mechanism for providing IN ORDER placement and
> IN ORDER delivery.  This could be an optional mode, but there
> may be applications where this is of significant value.
> 
sounds viable...

> Regarding the choice between option 5.1 and 5.2, I would 
> slightly favor 5.2 for its simplicity.  However, only if
> this can be done without any interoperability problems with
> normal SCTP implementations.
> 

There are currently socket options that are in the socketsapi document
that allow one to disable SCTP fragmentation... so yep.. it is
well within reason to do so...

> Section 7.2 looks incomplete to me.  Error shutdown and
> resetting of a stream needs to end to end coordination and
> requires a state machine on each end.  Maybe it's simpler
> than I think, but I think it should be documented more
> clearly.  Overall, I have some concern whether the
> complexity is justified by the value.
> 
> Section 7.1 table entry "DDP+RDMA" looks slightly off.
> 

This is a XML issue and I will see if I can get it
fixed in the next pass :>

>>If the local endpoint  only indicated
>>                 RDMA, then ONLY the procedures in
>>                 [RDMA-Draft] MUST be followed.
> 
> 
> Should be DDP rather than RDMA.  Formatting needs to be
> tweaked also.

I will get this one changed.. one of the items we
missed last time...

R
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> 
> 


-- 
Randall R. Stewart
randall@stewart.chicago.il.us 815-342-5222 (cell phone)

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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Black_David@emc.com [mailto:Black_David@emc.com]
> Sent: Monday, January 13, 2003 8:10 PM
> To: rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
> 
> [...]
> 
> The key implications seem to involve receiver behavior when the
> sender is not modified (and in particular winds up sending unaligned
> due to factors beyond its control), as Jim Williams asked:
> 
> > What is the required performance of an RDMA receiver when
> > receiving data from a transmitter using an unmodified TCP/IP stack?
> 
> This is somewhat subtle, as I believe the bulk of the answer
> is to be found in what I originally wrote after commenting on the
> divergence of views on this topic:
> 
> > Fortunately, the WG does not need to
> > settle this issue - implementers
> > are always free to optimize whatever
> > cases they believe are important.
> 
> or in Paul Culley's words:
> 
> > Of course all issues surrounding
> > performance are really for 
> > the market to decide.

This is a little tricky.  I certainly agree that implementers
are and should be free to make performance tradeoffs.  It
is not for this group to mandate performance.  My use of
lower case "must" and "required" were not intended to
suggest the upper case equivalent.

On the other hand, this group does need to make the 
protocol definition decisions that feed directly
into these implementation performance issues.
It's easy to say "all of the above; let the market
sort it out."  But there are a couple issues to
keep in mind.  It makes it a lot harder for an
implementation to hit its own performance objective
if it can't assume anything about the remote end
of its connection (i.e. whether the remote end
will align.)

Also, it doesn't make sense to over generalize the
protocol to cover cases that make no sense.  I am
quite skeptical about running RDDP in a mode that
results in both ends having performance no greater
than conventional TCP.  Why use RDDP at all in that
case?

One also ought not to treat too lightly the issue
of performance interoperability.  Consider the
case where Vendor A
has a high performance product, and vendor B
also has a high performance product.  But each
vendor's product is only high performance when
connected to a like product.  When vendor A
talks to vendor B, the performance is
terrible (but functionally correct).
This may not be the worst thing in the
world, and the market will ultimately
sort it out.  But if this is common, it
constitutes a failure of this WG to do its
job properly.  The market will ultimately
create a more restrictive de facto standard
than the official IETF standard, but this
is not a good thing to plan on.

So I am left with the following thoughts:

1.  RDDP over unmodified TCP is important,
    and will result in unaligned PDUs being
    common.

2.  Senders may align PDUs, but there is no
    MUST or SHOULD associated with alignment.

3.  Receivers may choose that only when talking to
    an aligning sender will high performance
    (better than non-RDDP TCP) be achieved.
    In this case the receiver should not even
    bother to negotiate use of RDDP when talking
    to RDDP over an unmodified TCP.

    There is no compelling reason to require
    a receiver that depends on sender alignment
    for performance to negotiate use of RDDP
    with a non-aligning sender.
    It should be acceptable
    for such a receiver to simply refuse
    to negotiate use of RDDP and use conventional
    non-RDDP connection in that case.

4.  Other receiver implementations may choose
    to achieve high performance with either
    aligning or non-aligning senders.

5.  Some method needs to be created for a sender
    to notify the receiver of ability to align.
    There are strong arguments that this should
    be done at the transport, not the RDDP layer.
    (i.e. a new TCP option on the SYN segment).

============

This line or reasoning quickly leads to the
realization that three modes of RDDP would be
supported:  unaligned TCP, aligned TCP, and
aligned SCTP.

Not surprisingly, my own preference would be
to limit this to two: unaligned TCP and
aligned SCTP.  However three modes 
seems like a reasonable compromise, if
that is how the WG wants to proceed.




 
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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From: "Uri Elzur" <uri@broadcom.com>
To: "Caitlin Bestler" <cait@asomi.com>,
        "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@emulex.com>
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I don't think we have consensus over having a split CRC. On the contrary, one CRC has many advantages (no intention to re-has here). It will become more evident after the direction for alignment is set. If alignment is assumed, no need for two CRCs.

Uri

-----Original Message-----
From: Caitlin Bestler [mailto:cait@asomi.com]
Sent: Monday, January 13, 2003 2:46 PM
To: Williams, Jim
Cc: 'Mukund, Shridhar'; rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification


On 1/13/03, Williams, Jim wrote:


>> 
>> > However for software there is significant overhead for
>> > the CRC, and some reasons why it might be unnecessary.
>> > 
>> >   1.  IPSec authentication is in use.
>> > 
>> > 2.  Connection is on a private network with good
>> > quality switches/routers and good link CRCs.  So TCP
>> > checksum is enough.
>> > 
>> >   3.  ULP does its own end to end integrity check.
>> 
>> and,
>> 
>> 4. Several applications can tolerate TCP chksm escape. (
>> I am assuming that you are talking only about payload
>> CRC and not header CRC )
>
>I was suggesting both header and payload CRCs be optional,
>however should be separate option, as you point out some
>may need header CRC but not payload CRC. 

Deciding to rely upon ULP validation of the payload is
valid. But if the DDP Header is received in error, the
payload may have been placed anywhere that is write-enabled
for the receiving ULP.

Allowing omission of a CRC covering the DDP Header strikes
me as very dangerous, and possibly a security hole.

If there is a consensus to support splitting CRC coverage
between header and payload, I could see making payload
coverage optional. But the extra complexity is just one more
argument for sticking with a single CRC.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2003 15:54:10 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/14/03, Williams, Jim wrote:


>
>So I am left with the following thoughts:
>
>1.  RDDP over unmodified TCP is important,
>    and will result in unaligned PDUs being
>    common.
>
>2.  Senders may align PDUs, but there is no
>    MUST or SHOULD associated with alignment.
>
>3.  Receivers may choose that only when talking 
>    to an aligning sender will high performance
>    (better than non-RDDP TCP) be achieved.
>    In this case the receiver should not even
>    bother to negotiate use of RDDP when talking
>    to RDDP over an unmodified TCP.
>
>    There is no compelling reason to require
>    a receiver that depends on sender alignment
>    for performance to negotiate use of RDDP
>    with a non-aligning sender.
>    It should be acceptable
>    for such a receiver to simply refuse
>    to negotiate use of RDDP and use conventional
>    non-RDDP connection in that case.
>
>4.  Other receiver implementations may choose
>    to achieve high performance with either
>    aligning or non-aligning senders.
>
>5.  Some method needs to be created for a sender
>    to notify the receiver of ability to align.
>    There are strong arguments that this should
>    be done at the transport, not the RDDP layer.
>    (i.e. a new TCP option on the SYN segment).
>
>============
>
>This line or reasoning quickly leads to the
>realization that three modes of RDDP would be
>supported:  unaligned TCP, aligned TCP, and
>aligned SCTP.
>
>Not surprisingly, my own preference would be
>to limit this to two: unaligned TCP and
>aligned SCTP.  However three modes 
>seems like a reasonable compromise, if
>that is how the WG wants to proceed.
>
>

DDP over unaligned MPA/TCP still has two major
benefits over the ULP using raw TCP:

1) Content can be shipped/fetched in an order
   optimized for actual physical storage, rather
   than in a precise byte order dictated by its
   nominal ULP form.
   
   Storage servers being able to ship/fetch
   disk sectors in the order they are reached
   is a major advantage, even when both ends
   of the connection are unaligned.
   
   Examples: disk striping, file fragmentation,
   logical files, database joins.
   
2) An unaligned DDP/MPA/TCP receiver still needs 
   fewer system buffers than a plain TCP receiver.
   
   With plain TCP, the number of buffers required
   can be N-1 (where N is the maximum # of buffers
   in flight).
   
   With alignment *totally* destroyed, on a
   persistent basis, an unaligned receiver will
   be able to start placement when at least half
   of the in-flight segment have been received,
   and probably well before that.
   
 
It is also important to remember that "non aligned
senders" are probably best described as
"non-alignment guaranteed senders". A DDP/MPA
stack working on top of a conventional unmodified
TCP stack will still be able to produce aligned
segments *most* of the time.


This all leads to a handful of decisions for the
MPA draft:

1) There are major benefits to RDDP for both 
   alignment and prompt transmittal of untagged 
   messages. Does this justify the MPA draft
   overriding some default TCP "SHOULDs"?
   For example:an MPA-aware sender MAY or SHOULD
   use alignment.
   
   I believe there is a strong consensus for yes
   on this point.
   
2) Should the current MPA draft be modified with
   enhancements, such as the split CRC, which 
   would benefit unaligned connections even though
   it would produce no benefits to aligned
   connections and all connections would have to
   pay the cost of the extra feature?
   
   I do not know if this has reached consensus
   yet. Some of the stated opposition was based
   upon a presumption that the second CRC would be 
   too complex. That is clearly not the case.
   
   It is feasible, and would be of benefit for
   unaligned connections. My estimation on the
   portion of connections that would benefit
   from the feature, however, is so low that
   I do not consider it worthwhile.
   
   Someone needs to present a scenario where a
   high performance server would see a substantial
   number of unaligned packets. I cannot come up
   with one.
   
3) Is there a need to configure a connection as 
   being aligned or unaligned, or should all
   connections be prepared to deal with unaligned
   packets at any time? 
   
   I can see allocating my resources based upon a
   statistical model on the number of aligned
   versus unaligned packets. If that model is
   wrong, my performance will suffer. The same
   sort of engineering tradeoff is done with any
   application that wants to predict its bandwidth
   over a media that can require retransmissions
   because of errors.
   
   But just as I would expect to be ready to 
   detect an error in *any* packet, no matter how
   reliable a particular connection has been
   historically, I would expect any connection
   to be ready to handle unaligned packets.
   
   Does anyone have a justification on why a
   receiver would benefit from a "heads up" on
   whether a connection will be aligned or not?
   
4) Are MPA markers sufficiently complex for
   a pure software stack to implement that it is
   worth negotiation of a "no-marker" mode?
   
   IMHO, Markers are truly ugly but ultimately
   not that hard to implement. It is not worth
   the complexity of supporting multiple modes
   and negotiating their use.
   
   However, there may be some merit in trying to 
   synergize interval markers with iSCSI. But
   I wouldn't make that an objective, unless
   the Area Directors jump in to the contrary.

   
    

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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From: "Mukund, Shridhar" <Shridhar_Mukund@adaptec.com>
To: "'Black_David@emc.com'" <Black_David@emc.com>, rddp@ietf.org
Cc: "Munnangi, Siva" <Siva_Munnangi@adaptec.com>,
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	 <Shridhar_Mukund@adaptec.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment and TCP modification
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Dear colleagues,

In the next several email sub-threads, I intend to make the
following main arguments with hopefully ample support arguments 
- so help me god :-)

A. Alignment breaks TCP flow control and *semantics* in very 
   *fundamental* ways. The SAR portion of DDP is an *artifact*
   of the current MPA solution rather than being an *intrinsic* 
   complexity of the defacto problem statement, say "the quest".
   THE QUEST: The desire to direct-place every byte of every 
   packet even if it arrives out of order (and unaligned).

B. Contrary to intuition, SAR+MPA complicates design. In fact,
   it increases the buffering requirement instead of reducing it! 
   I will stay implementation neutral, when discussing this.

C. Lack of alignment is and will be sufficiently common that it
   should not be treated as an error case. Fluid flow (byte stream)
   property is probably the most important *intrinsic nature* and 
   strength of TCP.

D. For the fear of being stoned to death:-), I am going to assume
   "the quest" to be sacrosanct. It is illustrative to evaluate the
   incremental value proposition compared to say 
   iSCSI-like-marker-and-DDP (the baseline alternative). On the 
   other hand, it is also not necessary to break TCP's back bone 
   for efficient and high-performance realization of "the quest". 
   
   The suggestion is to perturb only the sheet-metal part of ROI.
   THE GOAL: To take RDDP TCP mapping from a state of non-solution,
   with sufficient risk of infant mortality, to TCP-like longevity
   and ubiquitous ness.   
   Call for action (pl. save it for later):
	D1. Move the SAR part from DDP spec to SCTP adaptation.
	D2. Merge IFT+MPA and upgrade draft not to require 
          alignment. ?How?
   I have no intention to derail the monumental efforts that
   have gone into RDMAP, Verbs, and DDP. I am humbled by that 
   effort, esp. since I personally did not make any contribution 
   to it.

-Shridhar Mukund
   

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Dear colleagues,

To analyze the problem on hand, I want to attempt to separate
the variables and suggest relative value that each component
brings to the party. In particular, recognize 80-20's.

P1. Steering: 
    The 2-tuple <PKey,Offset>. If the PKey corresponds to 
    tagged model than PKey=STag and Offset=byte offset. If the    
    PKey is for untagged model than PKey=Stream# and 
    Offset=MSN. Also message/byte-stream delimiters.

    At this stage, we make no segmentation-and-reassembly (SAR) 
    assumptions. If a DDP message is a Java stream of 2GB than
    so be it. ULP/RDMAP may choose to segment for reasons 
    other than transport.

P2. Integrity:
    *Optional* Payload Digest. 

P3. Synchronization:
    *Optional and variable* forward pointing marker.   
    Granted, backward pointing marker also achieves 
    synchronization, but forward pointer is better when the 
    inter-marker spacing is larger than the packet size.

P4a. SAR & Alignment:
    I intend to show later that the *only compelling* reason to
    SAR is alignment, be it for MPA or SCTP.

P4b. An alternative to P4 that addresses "THE QUEST".

Comments:

1. P1+P2+P3 is iSCSI. iSCSI has built-in DDP today! On a side
   note, due to my ignorance, I have for a long time been under
   the impression that RDMAC was adopting this baseline
   solution :-(

2. P1 is of course essential and along with P2, it addresses
   several of RDDP needs. We will look at latency-sensitive
   data center scenario in particular.

3. The primary reason behind P3 is to make re-assembly buffer
   *feasible* in the LFN case (10Gbps @300ms, 0.375 GB). With
   some simplifying assumptions, the buffer size is a fn. of:
       a. Number of PDUs in a window.(BWxDelay), PDU size.
       b. Conditional probability of packet loss and that
          the lost packet contains the header.
   a and b compensate for each other -> helps assumptions
   Once the header is received, data segments do not need to 
   be buffered if 
	a. Data integrity is turned off or
  	b. Alg. to compute out-of-order CRC is used.
   P3 is compelling for bulk data over LFN. It adds some
   value to latency sensitive aps.

4. P4a is nice and useful. Lets look at the roadblocks and 
   cost though ...

-Shridhar Mukund
   
   
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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: "'Caitlin Bestler'" <cait@asomi.com>, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2003 10:13:18 -0500
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Caitlin Bestler wrote:
> 4) Are MPA markers sufficiently complex for
>    a pure software stack to implement that it is
>    worth negotiation of a "no-marker" mode?
>    
>    IMHO, Markers are truly ugly but ultimately
>    not that hard to implement. It is not worth
>    the complexity of supporting multiple modes
>    and negotiating their use.

In my mind, the strongest argument for making
markers optional (assuming, hypothetically, that
they are supported at all) is that five years
from now when people realize that they were a
bad idea and nobody is using them, they can simply
be opted out.

If you make them manditory, then if they are
subsequently discovered to be a mistake,
it is a much more difficult mistake to correct. 
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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: "'Randall Stewart'" <randall@stewart.chicago.il.us>
Cc: "'rddp@ietf.org'" <rddp@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [rddp] RE: I-D ACTION:draft-stewart-rddp-sctp-01.txt
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Randall Stewart wrote:

> The PPI is meant
> to identify to network elements and middle boxes as well as
> the application what data is present in the chunk. To attempt
> to "harness" the entire PPI is NOT in accordance with how IANA
> will be assigning the PPI... using one or two of them, sort of
> like a port number, IS more in line with what they were designed
> for... The PPI is required to be assigned by IANA... I doubt
> you can get a block of PPI's to represent RDDP... a few yes
> a block no.

RFC 2960 says:

   The upper layer, i.e., the SCTP user, SHOULD standardize any specific
   protocol identifier with IANA if it is so desired.  The use of any
   specific payload protocol identifier is out of the scope of SCTP.

The phrase "SHOULD do X if it is so desired" seems a bit
self contradictory.  But it certainly suggests that
RDDP "if so desired" may choose NOT to register
the PPI with IANA and use it in a different manner
more along the lines I described. (I.e. use it to carry the
first 16 bits of the DDP header in addition to 16 other bits.
The first 16 bits of the DDP header actually describe 
the payload type, so this is in the spirit of the PPI.)

It sounds like you are implying a requirement that two different
ULPs should have a non-overlapping set of PPIs in use, but
I don't see this documented in RFC-2960, and it seems unnecessary
since the adaption indication can fully disambiguate this.

However, I am at a huge disadvantage arguing author's intent
with the author, so maybe you could elaborate a bit on this.

 Thanks, Jim
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Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2003 10:06:21 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/15/03, Williams, Jim wrote:

>Caitlin Bestler wrote:
>> 4) Are MPA markers sufficiently complex for
>>    a pure software stack to implement that it is
>>    worth negotiation of a "no-marker" mode?
>>    
>>    IMHO, Markers are truly ugly but ultimately
>>    not that hard to implement. It is not worth
>>    the complexity of supporting multiple modes
>>    and negotiating their use.
>
>In my mind, the strongest argument for making
>markers optional (assuming, hypothetically, that
>they are supported at all) is that five years
>from now when people realize that they were a
>bad idea and nobody is using them, they can simply
>be opted out.
>
>If you make them manditory, then if they are
>subsequently discovered to be a mistake,
>it is a much more difficult mistake to correct. 
>

It is also possible that high-performance/low buffer
deployments will migrate to SCTP, leaving TCP for long-haul
connections to clients behind antiquated firewalls without
full SCTP support. In that sense markers would cease to the
extent that TCP would no longer be used.

Actually, the strongest argument for optional markers would
be pushing for marker compatability between iSCSI and MPA.
Allowing two *different* marker schemes, both of which are
optional, strikes me as a major QA headache.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2003 10:22:25 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: Re: [rddp] A consensus call and a poll
To: Black_David@emc.com
Cc: rddp@ietf.org
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On 12/16/02, Black_David@emc.com wrote:

>(1) Having seen no defenders of a prohibition on packing
>   multiple ULPDUs into a TCP segment, I believe the
>   rough consensus of the RDDP WG that packing of
>   multiple ULPDUs into a TCP segment MUST be supported.
>   Anyone who disagrees should post that fact to the list
>   along with a technical rationale.

There is one detail here that still has to be specified.
When there are multiple ULPDUs between two markers, the
marker should refer to the *first* one. The extra ULPDUs
must be found by adding the length of the prior ULPDU.

There are at least two scenarios where you could get a
burst of very short DDP segments:

- A series of short tagged DDP puts where the Data Sinks'
  buffer space was being used to form a join image. [The
  Data Source does not have the records requested organized
  as such anywhere in its memory].
  
- A series of short untagged DDP messages, perhaps flushing
  a large number of pending requests due to an orderly
  shutdown of a session.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
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From: "Barron, Dwight" <Dwight.Barron@hp.com>
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@emulex.com>,
        "Caitlin Bestler" <cait@asomi.com>, <rddp@ietf.org>
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The impact of this form optionality is that every implementor has to implement both options (on and off) and QA four permutations (mine on, your's on; mine on, your's off, etc.) to insure true interoperability. This seems a rather high price to pay today for something that may happen five years hence.

Regards,
Dwight

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Williams, Jim [mailto:Jim.Williams@emulex.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, January 15, 2003 9:13 AM
> To: 'Caitlin Bestler'; rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
> 
> 
> Caitlin Bestler wrote:
> > 4) Are MPA markers sufficiently complex for
> >    a pure software stack to implement that it is
> >    worth negotiation of a "no-marker" mode?
> >    
> >    IMHO, Markers are truly ugly but ultimately
> >    not that hard to implement. It is not worth
> >    the complexity of supporting multiple modes
> >    and negotiating their use.
> 
> In my mind, the strongest argument for making
> markers optional (assuming, hypothetically, that
> they are supported at all) is that five years
> from now when people realize that they were a
> bad idea and nobody is using them, they can simply
> be opted out.
> 
> If you make them manditory, then if they are
> subsequently discovered to be a mistake,
> it is a much more difficult mistake to correct. 
> _______________________________________________
> rddp mailing list
> rddp@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rddp
> 
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: rddp-admin@ietf.org [mailto:rddp-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
> Caitlin Bestler
> Sent: Tuesday, January 14, 2003 1:54 PM
> To: Williams, Jim; rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
> 
> 
> On 1/14/03, Williams, Jim wrote:
> 
> 
> >
> >So I am left with the following thoughts:
> >
> >1.  RDDP over unmodified TCP is important,
> >    and will result in unaligned PDUs being
> >    common.
> >
> >2.  Senders may align PDUs, but there is no
> >    MUST or SHOULD associated with alignment.
> >
> >3.  Receivers may choose that only when talking 
> >    to an aligning sender will high performance
> >    (better than non-RDDP TCP) be achieved.
> >    In this case the receiver should not even
> >    bother to negotiate use of RDDP when talking
> >    to RDDP over an unmodified TCP.
> >
> >    There is no compelling reason to require
> >    a receiver that depends on sender alignment
> >    for performance to negotiate use of RDDP
> >    with a non-aligning sender.
> >    It should be acceptable
> >    for such a receiver to simply refuse
> >    to negotiate use of RDDP and use conventional
> >    non-RDDP connection in that case.
> >
> >4.  Other receiver implementations may choose
> >    to achieve high performance with either
> >    aligning or non-aligning senders.
> >
> >5.  Some method needs to be created for a sender
> >    to notify the receiver of ability to align.
> >    There are strong arguments that this should
> >    be done at the transport, not the RDDP layer.
> >    (i.e. a new TCP option on the SYN segment).
> >
> >============
> >
> >This line or reasoning quickly leads to the
> >realization that three modes of RDDP would be
> >supported:  unaligned TCP, aligned TCP, and
> >aligned SCTP.
> >
> >Not surprisingly, my own preference would be
> >to limit this to two: unaligned TCP and
> >aligned SCTP.  However three modes 
> >seems like a reasonable compromise, if
> >that is how the WG wants to proceed.
> >
> >
> 
> DDP over unaligned MPA/TCP still has two major
> benefits over the ULP using raw TCP:
> 
> 1) Content can be shipped/fetched in an order
>    optimized for actual physical storage, rather
>    than in a precise byte order dictated by its
>    nominal ULP form.
>    
>    Storage servers being able to ship/fetch
>    disk sectors in the order they are reached
>    is a major advantage, even when both ends
>    of the connection are unaligned.
>    
>    Examples: disk striping, file fragmentation,
>    logical files, database joins.

  This capability has always existed, but I wonder
  how many storage servers actually implement this.
  Last time I asked this question, the unanimous
  answer seemed to be that even though it is an
  interesting capability, it is not implemented (maybe
  too complex overall for the benefit ??).

  The real benefit may be that upper layer protocols
  (such as storage over RDDP or whatever) are common
  for aligned or unaligned systems -- rather than have
  having two different ULPs.

>    
> 2) An unaligned DDP/MPA/TCP receiver still needs 
>    fewer system buffers than a plain TCP receiver.
>    
>    With plain TCP, the number of buffers required
>    can be N-1 (where N is the maximum # of buffers
>    in flight).
>    
>    With alignment *totally* destroyed, on a
>    persistent basis, an unaligned receiver will
>    be able to start placement when at least half
>    of the in-flight segment have been received,
>    and probably well before that.
>    
>  
> It is also important to remember that "non aligned
> senders" are probably best described as
> "non-alignment guaranteed senders". A DDP/MPA
> stack working on top of a conventional unmodified
> TCP stack will still be able to produce aligned
> segments *most* of the time.
> 
> 
> This all leads to a handful of decisions for the
> MPA draft:
> 
> 1) There are major benefits to RDDP for both 
>    alignment and prompt transmittal of untagged 
>    messages. Does this justify the MPA draft
>    overriding some default TCP "SHOULDs"?
>    For example:an MPA-aware sender MAY or SHOULD
>    use alignment.
>    
>    I believe there is a strong consensus for yes
>    on this point.
>    
> 2) Should the current MPA draft be modified with
>    enhancements, such as the split CRC, which 
>    would benefit unaligned connections even though
>    it would produce no benefits to aligned
>    connections and all connections would have to
>    pay the cost of the extra feature?
>    
>    I do not know if this has reached consensus
>    yet. Some of the stated opposition was based
>    upon a presumption that the second CRC would be 
>    too complex. That is clearly not the case.
>    
>    It is feasible, and would be of benefit for
>    unaligned connections. My estimation on the
>    portion of connections that would benefit
>    from the feature, however, is so low that
>    I do not consider it worthwhile.
>    
>    Someone needs to present a scenario where a
>    high performance server would see a substantial
>    number of unaligned packets. I cannot come up
>    with one.
>    
> 3) Is there a need to configure a connection as 
>    being aligned or unaligned, or should all
>    connections be prepared to deal with unaligned
>    packets at any time? 
>    
>    I can see allocating my resources based upon a
>    statistical model on the number of aligned
>    versus unaligned packets. If that model is
>    wrong, my performance will suffer. The same
>    sort of engineering tradeoff is done with any
>    application that wants to predict its bandwidth
>    over a media that can require retransmissions
>    because of errors.
>    
>    But just as I would expect to be ready to 
>    detect an error in *any* packet, no matter how
>    reliable a particular connection has been
>    historically, I would expect any connection
>    to be ready to handle unaligned packets.
>    
>    Does anyone have a justification on why a
>    receiver would benefit from a "heads up" on
>    whether a connection will be aligned or not?
>    
> 4) Are MPA markers sufficiently complex for
>    a pure software stack to implement that it is
>    worth negotiation of a "no-marker" mode?
>    
>    IMHO, Markers are truly ugly but ultimately
>    not that hard to implement. It is not worth
>    the complexity of supporting multiple modes
>    and negotiating their use.
>    
>    However, there may be some merit in trying to 
>    synergize interval markers with iSCSI. But
>    I wouldn't make that an objective, unless
>    the Area Directors jump in to the contrary.
> 
>    
>     
> 
> Caitlin Bestler
> http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
> _______________________________________________
> rddp mailing list
> rddp@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rddp
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Barron, Dwight [mailto:Dwight.Barron@hp.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, January 15, 2003 11:41 AM
> To: Williams, Jim; Caitlin Bestler; rddp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Commentary
> 
> 
> The impact of this form optionality is that every implementor 
> has to implement both options (on and off) and QA four 
> permutations (mine on, your's on; mine on, your's off, etc.) 
> to insure true interoperability. This seems a rather high 
> price to pay today for something that may happen five years hence.
> 
> Regards,
> Dwight

Yes, it is true that options have cost.  Of
course if the iSCSI precedent is followed and markers
are optional to implement, then only those that
choose to implement markers pay the cost.

Anyone have feedback on how iSCSI markers are
doing with respect to market acceptance?  Too soon,
I know, but this may be an indicator of how
RDDP markers will fare as there is a
similarity in the cost/benefit (assuming that
RDDP, like iSCSI, does not mandate alignment).
iSCSI markers are potentially more valuable
in that they can be used for error recovery,
whereas RDDP provides no such error recovery
mechanism.
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Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2003 11:00:34 -0800
From: "Somesh Gupta" <somesh_gupta@silverbacksystems.com>
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Subject: [rddp] DDP Message Length Question
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The DDP draft, section 7.4, requires that the DDP must provide
the ULP message length to the ULP when an untagged message is
delivered. It states that the ULP Message length may be calculated
by adding the MO and the payload length in the last DDP segment
for a message.

However at the same time,, section 7.2 says that DDP SHOULD
transmit DDP segments within a DDP message in increasing MO order.

Does seem that the two sections are in conflict with one
another. Anyone care to provide a clarification.

Thanks,
Somesh
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Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2003 11:12:39 -0800
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Subject: RE: [rddp] DDP Message Length Question
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Thanks for the clarification.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Caitlin Bestler [mailto:cait@asomi.com]
> Sent: Thursday, January 16, 2003 11:10 AM
> To: Somesh Gupta
> Subject: Re: [rddp] DDP Message Length Question
> 
> 
> On 1/16/03, Somesh Gupta wrote:
> 
> >The DDP draft, section 7.4, requires that the DDP must
> >provide the ULP message length to the ULP when an untagged
> >message is delivered. It states that the ULP Message
> >length may be calculated by adding the MO and the payload
> >length in the last DDP segment for a message.
> >
> >However at the same time,, section 7.2 says that DDP
> >SHOULD transmit DDP segments within a DDP message in
> >increasing MO order.
> >
> >Does seem that the two sections are in conflict with one
> >another. Anyone care to provide a clarification.
> >
> 
> Section 6.1:
> 
>     The DDP Segment with the L bit set to 1 MUST be posted 
>     to the LLP after all other DDP Segments of the 
>     associated DDP Message have been posted to the LLP. For 
>     an Untagged DDP Message, the DDP Segment with the L bit 
>     set to 1 MUST carry the highest MO.
>     
>     
> An implementation may, for reasons worthy of overriding a
> "SHOULD", reshuffle the order of all segments in an untagged
> message *except* for the last one, which MUST be last.
> 
> The reason that it MUST be last, is that it allows the
> receiver to calculate the message size from the last segment
> alone. There is no required message state that must be
> accumulated to reassemble the untagged message.
> 
> Caitlin Bestler
> http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Subject: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
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With WG chair hat off:

On optional markers, Dwight Barron says:

> The impact of this form optionality is that every implementor
> has to implement both options (on and off) and QA four permutations
> (mine on, your's on; mine on, your's off, etc.) to insure true
> interoperability. This seems a rather high price to pay today
> for something that may happen five years hence.

Two and a fraction should be closer to the mark because
both the on-off and off-on scenarios should turn into off-off
in short order as the connection gets going.  Recall that we
need a mechanism to ensure that the two TCP endpoints aren't
confused about the content of the bytestream, and the on-off
and off-on scenarios both look like confusion.  The count would
go back to four if markers were independently optional in each
direction, but seems like something that one could "just say no"
to, provided that we had markers that were reasonable for software
to cope with (IMHO, MPA's current 512-byte fixed interval isn't).

On iSCSI markers, Jim Williams asks:

> Anyone have feedback on how iSCSI markers are
> doing with respect to market acceptance?  Too soon,
> I know, but this may be an indicator of how
> RDDP markers will fare as there is a
> similarity in the cost/benefit (assuming that
> RDDP, like iSCSI, does not mandate alignment).

I believe "not widely implemented" is a summary, possibly
optimistic.

Also, a while back, Jim commented:

> 5.  Some method needs to be created for a sender
>     to notify the receiver of ability to align.
>     There are strong arguments that this should
>     be done at the transport, not the RDDP layer.
>     (i.e. a new TCP option on the SYN segment).

IMHO (WG chair hat still off), the odds of a new TCP
option for this purpose getting through tsvwg are close
to zero (I've been involved in somewhat analogous attempts,
and my ears are still ringing ...).  It would be better
to pursue an inband notification mechanism that could also
satisfy the "ensure no confusion about bytestream contents"
requirement.  Getting that design and the underlying rationale,
weaknesses, tradeoffs, etc. are worked out and well-described
in an Internet-Draft ought to be done before considering
whether the result makes a sufficient case for a new TCP
option.

Thanks,
--David

----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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From mailnull@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jan 22 17:28:47 2003
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Subject: [rddp] Alignment Consensus attempt
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With my WG chair hat (and Kevlar[tm] suit) on, here's
an attempt to call consensus on the alignment issue.

My original post on January 2nd phrased the primary issue as:

  So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
  as a requirement.

Based on discussion since then, I believe the rough consensus
of the RDDP WG is to accept this as a requirement.

Restating the implications from that original message, (I've rephrased
the second bullet to discuss RDDP [DDP/RDMA] operations rather than
placement), some important things that this implies are:
	- Unmodified means 100% unmodified, not even "minor" changes.
	- An RDDP sender using an unmodified TCP stack can send RDDP
		payloads that result in the correct execution of RDDP
		operations by an RDDP receiver even if the sends are
		not aligned.
	- There don't appear to be any receiver implications, as
		nothing has been proposed that would prevent a receiver
		from having TCP buffer as usual and then run RDDP
		functionality on the resulting in-order TCP bytestream.
	- The practical meaning of "allow" is that a sender
		implementation is possible without violating any
		MUST, MUST NOT, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT requirement.

OTOH, conditional requirements for stack modification are not ruled
out.  For example: "If a sender notifies a receiver that the sender is
operating in alignment-modified-mode by <means TBD>, then the sender
SHOULD ..., MUST ..., etc."  If this sort of approach is followed,
the second bullet still applies at the receiver, e.g., an unmodified
sender would not use <means TBD>, but would still be able to send
RDDP payloads that invoke RDDP operations at the receiver.

Beyond this, I also believe there is rough consensus for the RDDP WG
to *not* set requirements (MUST/SHOULD) for receiver performance
when the sender does not align traffic.  It is apparent to me from
list discussion that different implementers favor rather different
implementation approaches that have different performance consequences
for this scenario.

Repeating Jim Williams's spectrum of possibilities:

>     1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is not an issue.
> 
>     2.  Performance must be as good as conventional (non-RDMA) TCP.
>
>     3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
>         (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used in this case.

If this second consensus holds, the WG chair intends to hold the WG to
an approach of avoiding design approaches and decisions that have the
effect of ruling out any of the three alternative views listed above.
This should have the effect of broadening the applicability of the
WG's protocols.

Nonetheless, I think the WG's results should capture some of the
list discussion about scenarios that involve unmodified stacks,
including when loss of alignment in such stacks is unavoidable
despite reasonable efforts by an application/ULP (not including
stop-and-wait), as it'll provide some useful insight to implementers.

Anyone who disagrees with either of these consensus calls
should explain why on the list.

Thanks,
--David

----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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From mailnull@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jan 23 11:15:07 2003
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Consensus attempt
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From: "Culley, Paul" <Paul.Culley@hp.com>
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I agree with your consensus calls:
1) RDDP Must work over unmodified TCP stacks
2) The WG Must Not set Performance requirements (for any operating mode)
but SHOULD allow a variety of performance points.

For what it is worth, the authors expect to shortly deliver an updated
MPA draft that will allow packing and explain in greater detail how MPA
can be used on unmodified TCP.

Paul R. Culley
HP Senior Fellow
281-514-5543


-----Original Message-----
From: Black_David@emc.com [mailto:Black_David@emc.com] 
Sent: Wednesday, January 22, 2003 4:29 PM
To: rddp@ietf.org
Subject: [rddp] Alignment Consensus attempt


With my WG chair hat (and Kevlar[tm] suit) on, here's
an attempt to call consensus on the alignment issue.

My original post on January 2nd phrased the primary issue as:

  So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
  as a requirement.

Based on discussion since then, I believe the rough consensus of the
RDDP WG is to accept this as a requirement.

Restating the implications from that original message, (I've rephrased
the second bullet to discuss RDDP [DDP/RDMA] operations rather than
placement), some important things that this implies are:
	- Unmodified means 100% unmodified, not even "minor" changes.
	- An RDDP sender using an unmodified TCP stack can send RDDP
		payloads that result in the correct execution of RDDP
		operations by an RDDP receiver even if the sends are
		not aligned.
	- There don't appear to be any receiver implications, as
		nothing has been proposed that would prevent a receiver
		from having TCP buffer as usual and then run RDDP
		functionality on the resulting in-order TCP bytestream.
	- The practical meaning of "allow" is that a sender
		implementation is possible without violating any
		MUST, MUST NOT, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT requirement.

OTOH, conditional requirements for stack modification are not ruled out.
For example: "If a sender notifies a receiver that the sender is
operating in alignment-modified-mode by <means TBD>, then the sender
SHOULD ..., MUST ..., etc."  If this sort of approach is followed, the
second bullet still applies at the receiver, e.g., an unmodified sender
would not use <means TBD>, but would still be able to send RDDP payloads
that invoke RDDP operations at the receiver.

Beyond this, I also believe there is rough consensus for the RDDP WG to
*not* set requirements (MUST/SHOULD) for receiver performance when the
sender does not align traffic.  It is apparent to me from list
discussion that different implementers favor rather different
implementation approaches that have different performance consequences
for this scenario.

Repeating Jim Williams's spectrum of possibilities:

>     1.  Only functional correctness matters, performance is not an 
> issue.
> 
>     2.  Performance must be as good as conventional (non-RDMA) TCP.
>
>     3.  Performance must be significantly better than conventional
>         (non-RDMA) TCP otherwise RDMA should not be used in this case.

If this second consensus holds, the WG chair intends to hold the WG to
an approach of avoiding design approaches and decisions that have the
effect of ruling out any of the three alternative views listed above.
This should have the effect of broadening the applicability of the WG's
protocols.

Nonetheless, I think the WG's results should capture some of the list
discussion about scenarios that involve unmodified stacks, including
when loss of alignment in such stacks is unavoidable despite reasonable
efforts by an application/ULP (not including stop-and-wait), as it'll
provide some useful insight to implementers.

Anyone who disagrees with either of these consensus calls should explain
why on the list.

Thanks,
--David

----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
----------------------------------------------------
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From mailnull@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jan 23 11:37:57 2003
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Date: Thu, 23 Jan 2003 10:37:41 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: Re: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
To: rddp@ietf.org
Cc: Black_David@emc.com
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On 1/22/03, Black_David@emc.com wrote:

>provided that we had markers that were reasonable for
>software to cope with (IMHO, MPA's current 512-byte fixed
>interval isn't).

I do not see any undue burden on a software solution from
markers, at whatever interval, unless the software makes the
misktake of physically assembling the DDP Segment in a
consecutive sequence of memory bytes.

The first step is to identify the DDP segment. With markers
embedded, the identified location consists of portions of
one or more received IP datagrams. If you want to be even
more nitty gritty, that is generally within one more
received Ethernet Frames (but there are exceptions).

The DDP implementation has to do two things with the
received DDP segment: interpret the DDP header and place the
DDP contents. Both can be accomplished with a scatter/gather
list. Unless you attempt to interpret the DDP header while
it is has a marker imbedded in the middle of it there really
isnt' that much of a problem for the software.

A hardware implementation could apply the same algorithm,
but has the additional options, such as mapping around the
markers or identifying an incoming Ethernet Frame as being
part of an MPA connection "on the fly" and compressing the
markers during the act of receiving the data. It cannot
cut-thru place the data, because the port number and header
will not be known to be correct until the entire TCP segment
is recieved, but it can "pre-digest" the incoming TCP
segment on the presumption that the only way it will be kept
is if it is indeed part of an MPA connection.
 

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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From: "Somesh Gupta" <somesh_gupta@silverbacksystems.com>
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Consensus attempt
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David,

There are many standard track protocols over TCP that
have framing/record delineation. NFS and iSCSI probably
form the two ends in terms of complexity/features.

I am sure many of us would like to see a standards track
TCP framing.

Is there consensus that the TCP framing protocol be such
that it can be standards track?

OR

Can we have two TCP framing protocols, one standards
track and one informational?

Is there a process for requesting a standards track
framing if MPA remains as an informational RFC?

Thanks,
Somesh
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To: cait@asomi.com, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
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Caitlin,

(WG chair hat off)

> >provided that we had markers that were reasonable for
> >software to cope with (IMHO, MPA's current 512-byte fixed
> >interval isn't).
>
> I do not see any undue burden on a software solution from
> markers, at whatever interval, unless the software makes the
> misktake of physically assembling the DDP Segment in a
> consecutive sequence of memory bytes.

A copy is a way of completely fouling up, but one can get
into trouble long before then, although "undue" is in the
eye of the beholder.

> The first step is to identify the DDP segment. With markers
> embedded, the identified location consists of portions of
> one or more received IP datagrams. If you want to be even
> more nitty gritty, that is generally within one more
> received Ethernet Frames (but there are exceptions).
> 
> The DDP implementation has to do two things with the
> received DDP segment: interpret the DDP header and place the
> DDP contents. Both can be accomplished with a scatter/gather
> list. Unless you attempt to interpret the DDP header while
> it is has a marker imbedded in the middle of it there really
> isnt' that much of a problem for the software.

The "scatter/gather list" is the opportunity to get into
trouble.  Suppose we're dealing with an 8k data block in
a jumbo frame (can be made to work in the data center).
A 512-byte marker interval yields over 30 entries in the
scatter/gather list, whereas a larger marker interval
could yield 3.  That sort of order of magnitude overhead
difference tends to have visible costs in both software
and hardware, doubly so if the hardware can't cope with
a 30-entry list and needs to be redriven by software to
get the job done.  For a user-mode implementation on an
unmodified stack, those are syscalls rather than scatter/
gather list entries if the syscall interface is one
that doesn't support scatter/gather.

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
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EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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Somesh,

These questions are rather speculative, and their answers
have a strong dependency on the degree of presence or absence
of TCP modifications (even OPTIONAL modifications) in the
specific "TCP framing" mechanism.

> There are many standard track protocols over TCP that
> have framing/record delineation. NFS and iSCSI probably
> form the two ends in terms of complexity/features.

Indeed there are - such protocols contain no TCP modifications.

> I am sure many of us would like to see a standards track
> TCP framing.
> 
> Is there consensus that the TCP framing protocol be such
> that it can be standards track?

Not that I can see.  I believe the "no changes to TCP"
aspect of IFT was vehemently objected to, and I don't
believe a "MUST NOT change TCP in any fashion" consensus
call would have had any chance of success.

> Can we have two TCP framing protocols, one standards
> track and one informational?
> 
> Is there a process for requesting a standards track
> framing if MPA remains as an informational RFC?

Send Draft ... Such questions are far easier to deal with
in the context of a specific concrete proposal.  Keep in
mind that Jim Williams's IFT draft was an initial attempt
to do something in this space ...

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: "'Black_David@emc.com'" <Black_David@emc.com>, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Consensus attempt
Date: Fri, 24 Jan 2003 11:21:43 -0500
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David Black wrote:
>   So, I believe the primary issue before the WG is whether to accept:
> 	- The RDDP protocols must allow implementations over
> 		unmodified TCP/IP stacks.
>           as a requirement.
> 
> Based on discussion since then, I believe the rough consensus
> of the RDDP WG is to accept this as a requirement.
> 
> [...]
> 
> Beyond this, I also believe there is rough consensus for the RDDP WG
> to *not* set requirements (MUST/SHOULD) for receiver performance
> when the sender does not align traffic.

I am a little bothered by the implication here.

If vendor A has a product which performs super when receiving
aligned PDUs, but performs worse than non-RDDP when receiving
unaligned PDUs, we say that this is a valid implementation
choice.

Vendor B has a product which performs super when
receiving aligned PDUs, but when receiving unaligned PDUs
it simply refuses to negotiate use of RDDP and defaults
back to non-RDDP version of ULP.  Therefore, vendor B
actually performs better than vendor A in the unaligned
case.  But we say that vendor B's implementation is 
non-compliant.

So, I would suggest that it is reasonable that an RDDP
endpoint ought to be allowed to negotiate not to use
RDDP with a sender of unaligned PDUs.  We could, however,
push this back to the ULP, and say that the receiver
should advise (as part of the ULP negotiation) that
is doesn't want to do RDDP with an unaligned sender,
and the sender should have sense enough in that
case to just not use RDDP (unless there is some
overriding consideration).

So, I don't necessarily disagree with the above 
consensus attempt, but would hope that this case
is handled in a sensible manner.  If a
particular connection is better off not being
in RDDP mode, then the negotiation process should
leave it in non-RDDP mode, and this should happen
naturally and automatically without requiring
undue ULP or operator intervention.


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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: "'Black_David@emc.com'" <Black_David@emc.com>, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
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David Black wrote:
> Also, a while back, Jim commented:
> 
> > 5.  Some method needs to be created for a sender
> >     to notify the receiver of ability to align.
> >     There are strong arguments that this should
> >     be done at the transport, not the RDDP layer.
> >     (i.e. a new TCP option on the SYN segment).
> 
> IMHO (WG chair hat still off), the odds of a new TCP
> option for this purpose getting through tsvwg are close
> to zero (I've been involved in somewhat analogous attempts,
> and my ears are still ringing ...).

I hate to see important technical issues decided by
fear of being yelled at by people with gray beards. :)
On the other hand some valuable experience
comes along with the gray beards, and that should be factored
into the discussion.  If the fundamental objection is to
aligning TCP (as opposed to using a TCP option to do it)
then trying to sneak it by tsvwg by negotiating in-band
and pretending not to modify TCP seems like bad protocol
design as well as questionable politics.

> It would be better
> to pursue an inband notification mechanism that could also
> satisfy the "ensure no confusion about bytestream contents"
> requirement.  Getting that design and the underlying rationale,
> weaknesses, tradeoffs, etc. are worked out and well-described
> in an Internet-Draft ought to be done before considering
> whether the result makes a sufficient case for a new TCP
> option.

The fundamental choice is between:

 A.  "TCP is a byte stream protocol and thou shalt not attempt
      to use it otherwise."
and

 B.  "Let's treat TCP as a sequence of segments which the sender
      can construct, the network will preserve, and the receiver
      can exploit."

If the answer is A, then it's a waste of time to talk about either
TCP options or in-band notification of alignment.

If the answer is B, then in-band notification versus TCP option
is a legitimate debate.

I do object to the notion of, "Let's do B, but be sneaky enough
about it so that nobody looking at the wire can determine that
we aren't doing A, therefore tsvwg has no right to object."
It results in a bad and overly complex protocol motivated
by political rather than technical considerations.
> 
> Thanks,
> --David
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Date: Fri, 24 Jan 2003 11:51:56 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
Cc: "'Black_David@emc.com'" <Black_David@emc.com>, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/24/03, Williams, Jim wrote:

>I do object to the notion of, "Let's do B, but be sneaky
>enough about it so that nobody looking at the wire can
>determine that we aren't doing A, therefore tsvwg has no
>right to object." It results in a bad and overly complex
>protocol motivated by political rather than technical
>considerations.

On the other hand I think it is legitimate to set an
objective of "Let's do B, but in such a way that no
intermediate network equipment is required to anything that
it would not have done for A."

I can even live with taking excruciating pain in drafting
standards so that they fully comply with A. But I do
strongly agree that it is going overboard if we add actual
complexity or overhead on the wire to meet a "cannot be
detected" goal, rather than a "fully interoperable with"
objective.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Date: Fri, 24 Jan 2003 12:04:40 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
Subject: Re: [rddp] Alignment Consensus attempt
To: Black_David@emc.com, rddp@ietf.org
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On 1/22/03, Black_David@emc.com wrote:


>
>Beyond this, I also believe there is rough consensus for
>the RDDP WG to *not* set requirements (MUST/SHOULD) for
>receiver performance when the sender does not align
>traffic.  It is apparent to me from list discussion that
>different implementers favor rather different
>implementation approaches that have different performance
>consequences for this scenario.
>
I believe it would be appropriate for the WG to document an
expectation that use of RDDP over unaligned MPA/TCP will not
result in a signifigant performance penalty when compared to
the ULP simply using TCP itself.

My understanding of "SHOULD" is compatible with that type of
goal, but ultimately I do not care if it is a MAY/SHOULD or
a "hey guys, its a real cool idea if".

The point is not to define an IETF approved performance test
suite, but rather to provide some simple guidance to
application developers and those deploying networks.

Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
To: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@emulex.com>
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Jim,
I do not see the world the same as you do.  "Political" considerations as
you call it is process that one follows while dealing with various
different belief structures.  In this case, the gray beards, as you call
them, have had years of work that has helped form their beliefs.  It is
silly to simply ignore them and useful to find a path that considers them.
Doing this may be "political", but that is not necessary a bad thing, and
is the usual way groups of people work together.  You use the term as if
"political" has the meaning of "wrong", and in so doing negate the years of
experience that is represented by the beliefs that are involved.

As I understand the issue, TCP has a lot of implementations and we would
like to have a way for as many of them as possible be able to exploit RDMA.
Also, in some ways, the complexity of TCP and the various implementations
of TCP  -- which may have pushed the envelop, but are never the less are in
wide use -- cause additional caution.  Therefore, as I understand it, the
ADs have asked us to show how unmodified TCP implementations can operate as
a sender or receiver of RDMA PDUs without having a significant problems.  I
think this is in our interest to do so.  And yes, transparency on the
links, also goes a long way to prevent unforeseen side effects.

Clearly one way to do this is to negotiate a parameter or two in which both
sides understand what the other is capable of doing and then do the right
thing.

The ULP is always able to make its own decision on how it wants to react to
the network configuration, I think that is a normal response, and does not
have a lot to do with the RDMA protocol itself.

.
.
.
John L. Hufferd
Senior Technical Staff Member (STSM)
IBM/SSG San Jose Ca
Main Office (408) 256-0403, Tie: 276-0403,  eFax: (408) 904-4688
Home Office (408) 997-6136, Cell: (408) 499-9702
Internet address: hufferd@us.ibm.com


"Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@emulex.com>@ietf.org on 01/24/2003 09:26:24
AM

Sent by:    rddp-admin@ietf.org


To:    "'Black_David@emc.com'" <Black_David@emc.com>, rddp@ietf.org
cc:
Subject:    RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments



David Black wrote:
> Also, a while back, Jim commented:
>
> > 5.  Some method needs to be created for a sender
> >     to notify the receiver of ability to align.
> >     There are strong arguments that this should
> >     be done at the transport, not the RDDP layer.
> >     (i.e. a new TCP option on the SYN segment).
>
> IMHO (WG chair hat still off), the odds of a new TCP
> option for this purpose getting through tsvwg are close
> to zero (I've been involved in somewhat analogous attempts,
> and my ears are still ringing ...).

I hate to see important technical issues decided by
fear of being yelled at by people with gray beards. :)
On the other hand some valuable experience
comes along with the gray beards, and that should be factored
into the discussion.  If the fundamental objection is to
aligning TCP (as opposed to using a TCP option to do it)
then trying to sneak it by tsvwg by negotiating in-band
and pretending not to modify TCP seems like bad protocol
design as well as questionable politics.

> It would be better
> to pursue an inband notification mechanism that could also
> satisfy the "ensure no confusion about bytestream contents"
> requirement.  Getting that design and the underlying rationale,
> weaknesses, tradeoffs, etc. are worked out and well-described
> in an Internet-Draft ought to be done before considering
> whether the result makes a sufficient case for a new TCP
> option.

The fundamental choice is between:

 A.  "TCP is a byte stream protocol and thou shalt not attempt
      to use it otherwise."
and

 B.  "Let's treat TCP as a sequence of segments which the sender
      can construct, the network will preserve, and the receiver
      can exploit."

If the answer is A, then it's a waste of time to talk about either
TCP options or in-band notification of alignment.

If the answer is B, then in-band notification versus TCP option
is a legitimate debate.

I do object to the notion of, "Let's do B, but be sneaky enough
about it so that nobody looking at the wire can determine that
we aren't doing A, therefore tsvwg has no right to object."
It results in a bad and overly complex protocol motivated
by political rather than technical considerations.
>
> Thanks,
> --David
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 https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rddp


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From: "Williams, Jim" <Jim.Williams@Emulex.com>
To: "'John Hufferd'" <hufferd@us.ibm.com>
Cc: "'Black_David@emc.com'" <Black_David@emc.com>, rddp@ietf.org
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John,

> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Hufferd [mailto:hufferd@us.ibm.com]
> 
> Jim,
> I do not see the world the same as you do.  "Political" 
> considerations as
> you call it is process that one follows while dealing with various
> different belief structures.  In this case, the gray beards, 
> as you call
> them, have had years of work that has helped form their 
> beliefs.  It is
> silly to simply ignore them and useful to find a path that 
> considers them.
> Doing this may be "political", but that is not necessary a 
> bad thing, and
> is the usual way groups of people work together.  You use the 
> term as if
> "political" has the meaning of "wrong", and in so doing 
> negate the years of
> experience that is represented by the beliefs that are involved.

That's fair.  I was perhaps being a bit too flip, which
often doesn't work well over email, so I apologize.

I should have substituted "misguided political" for 
"political".  I don't mean to imply that all political
considerations are misguided.  But in some cases
it is fair to argue that they are.

If anything I meant to underscore the value of the
beliefs that have come from years of experience,
but that value comes from fully understanding the
reasons behind those beliefs.  The danger is
in treating those beliefs too superficially,
which constitutes "misguided politics" in 
my opinion.
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To: Black_David@emc.com, cait@asomi.com, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
Date: Fri, 24 Jan 2003 15:39:14 -0700
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David,

One thing markers enable is placement of most of the data that arrives out of order even in the absence of alignment. The marker can be used to find the start of the frame. If markers are placed every 512 bytes, then any DDP segment starting more than 512 bytes after the start of a gap in the TCP stream will have a marker pointing to it. The larger the marker spacing, the more data one has to hold rather than place while waiting for a gap to be filled in.

Pat 

-----Original Message-----
From: Black_David@emc.com [mailto:Black_David@emc.com]
Sent: Thursday, January 23, 2003 4:51 PM
To: cait@asomi.com; rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments


Caitlin,

(WG chair hat off)

> >provided that we had markers that were reasonable for
> >software to cope with (IMHO, MPA's current 512-byte fixed
> >interval isn't).
>
> I do not see any undue burden on a software solution from
> markers, at whatever interval, unless the software makes the
> misktake of physically assembling the DDP Segment in a
> consecutive sequence of memory bytes.

A copy is a way of completely fouling up, but one can get
into trouble long before then, although "undue" is in the
eye of the beholder.

> The first step is to identify the DDP segment. With markers
> embedded, the identified location consists of portions of
> one or more received IP datagrams. If you want to be even
> more nitty gritty, that is generally within one more
> received Ethernet Frames (but there are exceptions).
> 
> The DDP implementation has to do two things with the
> received DDP segment: interpret the DDP header and place the
> DDP contents. Both can be accomplished with a scatter/gather
> list. Unless you attempt to interpret the DDP header while
> it is has a marker imbedded in the middle of it there really
> isnt' that much of a problem for the software.

The "scatter/gather list" is the opportunity to get into
trouble.  Suppose we're dealing with an 8k data block in
a jumbo frame (can be made to work in the data center).
A 512-byte marker interval yields over 30 entries in the
scatter/gather list, whereas a larger marker interval
could yield 3.  That sort of order of magnitude overhead
difference tends to have visible costs in both software
and hardware, doubly so if the hardware can't cope with
a 30-entry list and needs to be redriven by software to
get the job done.  For a user-mode implementation on an
unmodified stack, those are syscalls rather than scatter/
gather list entries if the syscall interface is one
that doesn't support scatter/gather.

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Some Marker Comments
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Jim,

> > > 5.  Some method needs to be created for a sender
> > >     to notify the receiver of ability to align.
> > >     There are strong arguments that this should
> > >     be done at the transport, not the RDDP layer.
> > >     (i.e. a new TCP option on the SYN segment).
> > 
> > IMHO (WG chair hat still off), the odds of a new TCP
> > option for this purpose getting through tsvwg are close
> > to zero (I've been involved in somewhat analogous attempts,
> > and my ears are still ringing ...).
> 
> I hate to see important technical issues decided by
> fear of being yelled at by people with gray beards. :)
> On the other hand some valuable experience
> comes along with the gray beards, and that should be factored
> into the discussion.  If the fundamental objection is to
> aligning TCP (as opposed to using a TCP option to do it)
> then trying to sneak it by tsvwg by negotiating in-band
> and pretending not to modify TCP seems like bad protocol
> design as well as questionable politics.

I believe the "fundamental objection" in this case is to
creation of a TCP option for something (alignment) whose
benefits are yet to be convincingly shown.  As I wrote:

> > It would be better
> > to pursue an inband notification mechanism that could also
> > satisfy the "ensure no confusion about bytestream contents"
> > requirement.  Getting that design and the underlying rationale,
> > weaknesses, tradeoffs, etc. worked out and well-described
> > in an Internet-Draft ought to be done before considering
> > whether the result makes a sufficient case for a new TCP
> > option.
> 
> The fundamental choice is between:
> 
>  A.  "TCP is a byte stream protocol and thou shalt not attempt
>       to use it otherwise."
> and
> 
>  B.  "Let's treat TCP as a sequence of segments which the sender
>       can construct, the network will preserve, and the receiver
>       can exploit."
> 
> If the answer is A, then it's a waste of time to talk about either
> TCP options or in-band notification of alignment.
> 
> If the answer is B, then in-band notification versus TCP option
> is a legitimate debate.

It's a bit more nuanced than that.  Those who need 100% undiluted
"choice B" need to go use SCTP.  If the answer were 100% undiluted
"choice A", there would not be a TCP work item on the RDDP charter.
So, the answer is somewhere in between.  Among the tasks of the RDDP
WG is to figure out where that right place is and back that choice
with solid design rationale.

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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Subject: RE: [rddp] Alignment Consensus attempt
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Jim,

> Vendor B has a product which performs super when
> receiving aligned PDUs, but when receiving unaligned PDUs
> it simply refuses to negotiate use of RDDP and defaults
> back to non-RDDP version of ULP.  Therefore, vendor B
> actually performs better than vendor A in the unaligned
> case.  But we say that vendor B's implementation is 
> non-compliant.

This has walked across the line from "MUST implement" to
"MUST use" requirements very quickly.  The "allow [sender]
implementation over unmodified TCP/IP stacks" requirement
is a "MUST implement".  If Vendor B has not implemented
unaligned PDU reception support, and cannot receive from
such stacks under any circumstances, then it's not compliant.

What vendor B is or is not required to negotiate under
what circumstances is a different matter.  Unfortunately,
if vendor B refuses to negotiate unaligned reception in
all circumstances, the fact that it has implemented
unaligned reception cannot be demonstrated, and that
probably puts vendor B out of compliance with a
"MUST implement" requirement.  As long as vendor B
can negotiate and perform unaligned reception, there's
probably a good degree of administrator flexibility
available in what to configure vendor B's device to
do based on performance, resource usage, etc.

> So, I would suggest that it is reasonable that an RDDP
> endpoint ought to be allowed to negotiate not to use
> RDDP with a sender of unaligned PDUs.  We could, however,
> push this back to the ULP, and say that the receiver
> should advise (as part of the ULP negotiation) that
> is doesn't want to do RDDP with an unaligned sender,
> and the sender should have sense enough in that
> case to just not use RDDP (unless there is some
> overriding consideration).

While this is probably reasonable, I think there's another
important case to consider - the ULP has only implemented
the RDDP support and can't cope with RDDP being turned
off.  Vendor B may deal with this case by passing the
unaligned PDUs through to software that takes care of the
RDDP [esp. RDMA] functionality so the ULP still works.
One of the benefits often claimed for RDMA is that it
simplifies protocol development, but that won't come to
pass if every RDMA-using protocol has to be implemented
in both an RDMA and a non-RDMA version.

> So, I don't necessarily disagree with the above 
> consensus attempt, but would hope that this case
> is handled in a sensible manner.  If a
> particular connection is better off not being
> in RDDP mode, then the negotiation process should
> leave it in non-RDDP mode, and this should happen
> naturally and automatically without requiring
> undue ULP or operator intervention.

As noted above, the IETF distinguishes between
"implementation" and "use" requirements.  Anything
involving "negotiation" tends to fall into the
"use" category, which is not what the consensus
attempt was about.

Thanks,
--David
----------------------------------------------------
David L. Black, Senior Technologist
EMC Corporation, 176 South St., Hopkinton, MA  01748
+1 (508) 293-7953             FAX: +1 (508) 293-7786
black_david@emc.com        Mobile: +1 (978) 394-7754
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Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2003 18:17:50 -0600
From: Caitlin Bestler <cait@asomi.com>
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Subject: [rddp] STag Invalidation and RDMAP vs DDP question
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What are the requirements for the timing of STag
invalidation by the RDMAP layer?

There are two scenarios that could make this something
requiring careful specification.

a) The immediately following message attempts to use
   the same STag. If the DDP layer MUST reject it, then
   the DDP layer will have to wait synchronously for the
   RDMAP layer to complete processing of the prior
   invalidating send message. If you are actually
   considering making these real layers this would
   be a problem.
   
b) The prior message was an RDMA Read request. Will the
   read have to remain valid until it completes, because
   it was queued before the invalidate?
   
I believe a clean layering is possible without disrupting
ULP expectations that badly, if the following caveats are
added.

1) The RDMAP engine must ensure that it has extracted all
information required from an STag to complete any pending
RDMA Read before it processes the STag Invalidation.

2) The RDMAP engine must not report completion of an
invalidating send to the ULP before the STag has in fact
been invalidated.

3) The RDMAP engine will declare an error when it detects an
RDMA Write to an invalidated STag, even if the DDP layer had
allowed the placement to occur.

The net effect is that the memory is exposed for a very
brief additional period, but that the exposure must be
eliminated before the consumer is told of the invalidation.
If something did slip into the crack, the consumer is
told about it as well.

Without this caveat, I believe that the DDP and RDMAP
"layers" would have to be so synchronous with each other
that they would not in fact be layers.




Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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From: pat_thaler@agilent.com
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Message-ID: <1BEBA5E8600DD4119A50009027AF54A0109BDD3D@axcs04.cos.agilent.com>
To: cait@asomi.com, rddp@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [rddp] STag Invalidation and RDMAP vs DDP question
Date: Fri, 31 Jan 2003 18:10:04 -0700
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Caitlin,

The only requirement is that the RDMAP for STag invalidation is that STag is to be invalided before RDMAP delivers the Send with Invalidate to the ULP.

The purpose of the Send with Invalidate is to invalidate the STag so that the ULP can reuse the STag either on the same connection or another connection. That protection is accomplished by ensuring that the STag will be invalidated before the completion of the Send with Invalidate Message is delivered to the ULP.

For scenario a, a Send with Invalidate Message doesn't protect against a following message in the data stream changing the data because DDP is allowed to do out of order placement. If the remote peer was going to corrupt the data it was writing to the tagged buffer, it could write the wrong data in the first place or it could delay sending the Send with Invalidate. There is therefore no reason to protect against an RDMA Write to the tagged buffer in the stream right after the Send with Invalidate as long as the data is placed before the Send with Invalidate is delivered to the ULP.

If scenario b occurs, something is broken. A ULP should not issue a Send with invalidate for an STag when there are uncompleted RDMA Read Requests. There is no ordering between completion of RDMA Read Requests and completion of Sends. If scenario b occurs the STag will be invalidated and DDP may get an Invalid STag error if it hasn't finished processing the RDMA Read Response. 

Regards,
Pat

-----Original Message-----
From: Caitlin Bestler [mailto:cait@asomi.com]
Sent: Monday, January 27, 2003 4:18 PM
To: rddp@ietf.org
Subject: [rddp] STag Invalidation and RDMAP vs DDP question


What are the requirements for the timing of STag
invalidation by the RDMAP layer?

There are two scenarios that could make this something
requiring careful specification.

a) The immediately following message attempts to use
   the same STag. If the DDP layer MUST reject it, then
   the DDP layer will have to wait synchronously for the
   RDMAP layer to complete processing of the prior
   invalidating send message. If you are actually
   considering making these real layers this would
   be a problem.
   
b) The prior message was an RDMA Read request. Will the
   read have to remain valid until it completes, because
   it was queued before the invalidate?
   
I believe a clean layering is possible without disrupting
ULP expectations that badly, if the following caveats are
added.

1) The RDMAP engine must ensure that it has extracted all
information required from an STag to complete any pending
RDMA Read before it processes the STag Invalidation.

2) The RDMAP engine must not report completion of an
invalidating send to the ULP before the STag has in fact
been invalidated.

3) The RDMAP engine will declare an error when it detects an
RDMA Write to an invalidated STag, even if the DDP layer had
allowed the placement to occur.

The net effect is that the memory is exposed for a very
brief additional period, but that the exposure must be
eliminated before the consumer is told of the invalidation.
If something did slip into the crack, the consumer is
told about it as well.

Without this caveat, I believe that the DDP and RDMAP
"layers" would have to be so synchronous with each other
that they would not in fact be layers.




Caitlin Bestler
http://asomi.com/CaitlinBestler/
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