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From: Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
To: agenda@ietf.org, <pim@catarina.usc.edu>, <idmr@cs.ucl.ac.uk>,
        <magma@innovationslab.net>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
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Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, Bill Fenner <fenner@research.att.com>,
        Keyur Patel <keyupate@cisco.com>, Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
Subject: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Wed, 2 Jul 2003 16:23:07 -0700 (PDT)


Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF

DESCRIPTION:

Successful content distribution business plans have been hampered by the
all-or-nothing nature of a multicast routed infrastructure. Several drafts
have arisen over the past few years to address the last-mile multicast
deployment gap, but have all lost momentum for various reasons. Recent
efforts on yet another draft have revealed the need to have all affected
parties participate in the effort in order to provide a comprehensive yet
simple and deployable solution.

A content owner which wishes to build a buisness model around multicast
distribution is hampered by the current limited scope of multicast
deployment. Their only option today is to purchase multicast transit
services from their provider of choice which does not ensure the path
between their content and their customers is multicast enabled. The
administrative control of the multicast topology in this relationship is
restricted to the provider and the content customer. The missing step on
the path to full multicast deployment will require a solution which
allows the content owner the benefits of multicast replication,
independent of the radius of the multicast deployment.

The purpose of this BOF is to bring together operators, content
providers/owners, application and protocol implementors to discuss the
problem and worked towards a mutually desired solution. The expected
outcome will be an evaluation of interest, a better defined problem
statement, directions for any future progress from the BOF
participants.

AGENDA:

1. Agenda Bashing (all)
2. Problem description (shep - 10min)
3. Discussion of current gaps and future direction (from the floor)

WEB REFERNCE:
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/last-mile

RELEVANT PAST WORK: (this list is possibly incomplete - please send
updates)
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-ietf-mboned-auto-multicast-01.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-mboned-autotunneling-00.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-umtp-07.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-keyur-pim-host-extensions-00.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-jibiki-iwata-msdp-idmf-00.txt

MAILLIST:
http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Jul  6 13:44:51 2003
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From: Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
To: agenda@ietf.org, <pim@catarina.usc.edu>, <idmr@cs.ucl.ac.uk>,
        <magma@innovationslab.net>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>, <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>
Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, Bill Fenner <fenner@research.att.com>,
        Keyur Patel <keyupate@cisco.com>, Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
Subject: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Wed, 2 Jul 2003 16:23:07 -0700 (PDT)


Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF

DESCRIPTION:

Successful content distribution business plans have been hampered by the
all-or-nothing nature of a multicast routed infrastructure. Several drafts
have arisen over the past few years to address the last-mile multicast
deployment gap, but have all lost momentum for various reasons. Recent
efforts on yet another draft have revealed the need to have all affected
parties participate in the effort in order to provide a comprehensive yet
simple and deployable solution.

A content owner which wishes to build a buisness model around multicast
distribution is hampered by the current limited scope of multicast
deployment. Their only option today is to purchase multicast transit
services from their provider of choice which does not ensure the path
between their content and their customers is multicast enabled. The
administrative control of the multicast topology in this relationship is
restricted to the provider and the content customer. The missing step on
the path to full multicast deployment will require a solution which
allows the content owner the benefits of multicast replication,
independent of the radius of the multicast deployment.

The purpose of this BOF is to bring together operators, content
providers/owners, application and protocol implementors to discuss the
problem and worked towards a mutually desired solution. The expected
outcome will be an evaluation of interest, a better defined problem
statement, directions for any future progress from the BOF
participants.

AGENDA:

1. Agenda Bashing (all)
2. Problem description (shep - 10min)
3. Discussion of current gaps and future direction (from the floor)

WEB REFERNCE:
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/last-mile

RELEVANT PAST WORK: (this list is possibly incomplete - please send
updates)
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-ietf-mboned-auto-multicast-01.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-mboned-autotunneling-00.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-umtp-07.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-keyur-pim-host-extensions-00.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-jibiki-iwata-msdp-idmf-00.txt

MAILLIST:
http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Sun Jul  6 17:21:40 2003
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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
Message-ID: <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571DB@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.com>
Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
Thread-Index: AcND5mbzkYQdQyuAQrmTp60qt/Z+awAHOcJA
From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Greg Shepherd" <shep@procket.com>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>, <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>
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Date: Sun, 6 Jul 2003 17:20:39 -0400
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Interesting subject. From what I'm told, one of the big obstacles in =
enabling multicast all the way through is that use of multicast reduces =
the revenues ISPs can expect for providing network services? That's a =
plausible reason. Are there others? Security?

Bert


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Greg Shepherd [mailto:shep@procket.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 02, 2003 7:23 PM
> To: agenda@ietf.org; pim@catarina.usc.edu; idmr@cs.ucl.ac.uk;
> magma@innovationslab.net; routing-discussion@ietf.org;
> wg-multicast@internet2.edu; mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu
> Cc: Alex Zinin; Bill Fenner; Keyur Patel; Greg Shepherd
> Subject: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF
>=20
> DESCRIPTION:
>=20
> Successful content distribution business plans have been=20
> hampered by the
> all-or-nothing nature of a multicast routed infrastructure.=20
> Several drafts
> have arisen over the past few years to address the last-mile multicast
> deployment gap, but have all lost momentum for various reasons. Recent
> efforts on yet another draft have revealed the need to have=20
> all affected
> parties participate in the effort in order to provide a=20
> comprehensive yet
> simple and deployable solution.
>=20
> A content owner which wishes to build a buisness model around=20
> multicast
> distribution is hampered by the current limited scope of multicast
> deployment. Their only option today is to purchase multicast transit
> services from their provider of choice which does not ensure the path
> between their content and their customers is multicast enabled. The
> administrative control of the multicast topology in this=20
> relationship is
> restricted to the provider and the content customer. The=20
> missing step on
> the path to full multicast deployment will require a solution which
> allows the content owner the benefits of multicast replication,
> independent of the radius of the multicast deployment.
>=20
> The purpose of this BOF is to bring together operators, content
> providers/owners, application and protocol implementors to discuss the
> problem and worked towards a mutually desired solution. The expected
> outcome will be an evaluation of interest, a better defined problem
> statement, directions for any future progress from the BOF
> participants.
>=20
> AGENDA:
>=20
> 1. Agenda Bashing (all)
> 2. Problem description (shep - 10min)
> 3. Discussion of current gaps and future direction (from the floor)
>=20
> WEB REFERNCE:
> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/last-mile
>=20
> RELEVANT PAST WORK: (this list is possibly incomplete - please send
> updates)
> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-ietf-mboned-auto-
multicast-01.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-mboned-autotunneli=
ng-00.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-umtp-07.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-keyur-pim-host-extensions-00=
.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-jibiki-iwata-msdp-idmf-00.tx=
t

MAILLIST:
http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Greg Shepherd" <shep@procket.com>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>, <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>
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Interesting subject. From what I'm told, one of the big obstacles in =
enabling multicast all the way through is that use of multicast reduces =
the revenues ISPs can expect for providing network services? That's a =
plausible reason. Are there others? Security?

Bert


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Greg Shepherd [mailto:shep@procket.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 02, 2003 7:23 PM
> To: agenda@ietf.org; pim@catarina.usc.edu; idmr@cs.ucl.ac.uk;
> magma@innovationslab.net; routing-discussion@ietf.org;
> wg-multicast@internet2.edu; mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu
> Cc: Alex Zinin; Bill Fenner; Keyur Patel; Greg Shepherd
> Subject: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF
>=20
> DESCRIPTION:
>=20
> Successful content distribution business plans have been=20
> hampered by the
> all-or-nothing nature of a multicast routed infrastructure.=20
> Several drafts
> have arisen over the past few years to address the last-mile multicast
> deployment gap, but have all lost momentum for various reasons. Recent
> efforts on yet another draft have revealed the need to have=20
> all affected
> parties participate in the effort in order to provide a=20
> comprehensive yet
> simple and deployable solution.
>=20
> A content owner which wishes to build a buisness model around=20
> multicast
> distribution is hampered by the current limited scope of multicast
> deployment. Their only option today is to purchase multicast transit
> services from their provider of choice which does not ensure the path
> between their content and their customers is multicast enabled. The
> administrative control of the multicast topology in this=20
> relationship is
> restricted to the provider and the content customer. The=20
> missing step on
> the path to full multicast deployment will require a solution which
> allows the content owner the benefits of multicast replication,
> independent of the radius of the multicast deployment.
>=20
> The purpose of this BOF is to bring together operators, content
> providers/owners, application and protocol implementors to discuss the
> problem and worked towards a mutually desired solution. The expected
> outcome will be an evaluation of interest, a better defined problem
> statement, directions for any future progress from the BOF
> participants.
>=20
> AGENDA:
>=20
> 1. Agenda Bashing (all)
> 2. Problem description (shep - 10min)
> 3. Discussion of current gaps and future direction (from the floor)
>=20
> WEB REFERNCE:
> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/last-mile
>=20
> RELEVANT PAST WORK: (this list is possibly incomplete - please send
> updates)
> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-ietf-mboned-auto-
multicast-01.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-mboned-autotunneli=
ng-00.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-umtp-07.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-keyur-pim-host-extensions-00=
.txt
http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-jibiki-iwata-msdp-idmf-00.tx=
t

MAILLIST:
http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp


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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Jon Crowcroft" <Jon.Crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk>
Cc: "routing-discussion" <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        "wg-multicast" <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>,
        "mboned" <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>
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Jon Crowcroft wrote:

> since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
> reduces revenue?=20
>=20
> this is a typical armchair economist argument

But I suspect it's the major obstacle in its deployment.

We've implemented RFC 1112/2236 quite successfully, and it's pretty much =
the only way to go, when using IP for *control system* communications. =
Problem is, commercial gear that supports multicast is not all that =
plentiful. Like firewalls, for example. Seems to be "ooops, you didn't =
say multicast."

> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
> revenue....noone can say for sure...
>=20
> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
> althogether
> Most Exellent Idea

Agreed. Determining group size, btw, is itself not so easy to do, since =
membership need not be announced if another member has already multicast =
his join report to the router. Maybe an accurate method for determining =
group size will be an important topic?

Bert

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Jon Crowcroft" <Jon.Crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk>
Cc: "routing-discussion" <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
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Jon Crowcroft wrote:

> since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
> reduces revenue?=20
>=20
> this is a typical armchair economist argument

But I suspect it's the major obstacle in its deployment.

We've implemented RFC 1112/2236 quite successfully, and it's pretty much =
the only way to go, when using IP for *control system* communications. =
Problem is, commercial gear that supports multicast is not all that =
plentiful. Like firewalls, for example. Seems to be "ooops, you didn't =
say multicast."

> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
> revenue....noone can say for sure...
>=20
> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
> althogether
> Most Exellent Idea

Agreed. Determining group size, btw, is itself not so easy to do, since =
membership need not be announced if another member has already multicast =
his join report to the router. Maybe an accurate method for determining =
group size will be an important topic?

Bert

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 10:06:30 2003
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Subject: decison process in routing protocols
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Hi,

I have a basic question on routing.

Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based" decision process in a
routing protocol if the information passed to a routing node is based on the
"decision process" run by another node?

Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?

-thanks
Alok


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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 19:39:43 +0530
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Hi,

I have a basic question on routing.

Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based" decision process in a
routing protocol if the information passed to a routing node is based on the
"decision process" run by another node?

Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?

-thanks
Alok


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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 07:23:28 -0700 (PDT)


On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

-) Jon Crowcroft wrote:
-)
-) > since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
-) > reduces revenue?
-) >
-) > this is a typical armchair economist argument
-)
-) But I suspect it's the major obstacle in its deployment.
-)

Not really.  It's usually the first thing that (uninformed) ISP product
managers come up with, but on the list of reasons why mcast isn't deployed
everywhere, the unicast-revenue-cannibalizing argument is fairly far down
on the list.

This argument would make more sense if there actually was unicast traffic
that mcast could cannibalize.  We are talking mainly about video here, and
for all practical purposes, there really is no video of any kind of
critical mass on the Internet today.  The reason is simple- there's no
business plan that could support unicast video.  Anyone who tried to do it
is now out of business or just gave up after realizing that you are just
throwing money away if you want to do video over unicast.

As Jon pointed out, the reality is that mcast traffic would be NEW content
that is not currently possible/viable with unicast, rather than traffic
that's available via unicast but transported more efficiently than
unicast.  New traffic on the network means hopefully new revenue, so your
unicast content and revenue stays constant, while mcast simply augments
it.


-Lenny

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 07:23:28 -0700 (PDT)


On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

-) Jon Crowcroft wrote:
-)
-) > since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
-) > reduces revenue?
-) >
-) > this is a typical armchair economist argument
-)
-) But I suspect it's the major obstacle in its deployment.
-)

Not really.  It's usually the first thing that (uninformed) ISP product
managers come up with, but on the list of reasons why mcast isn't deployed
everywhere, the unicast-revenue-cannibalizing argument is fairly far down
on the list.

This argument would make more sense if there actually was unicast traffic
that mcast could cannibalize.  We are talking mainly about video here, and
for all practical purposes, there really is no video of any kind of
critical mass on the Internet today.  The reason is simple- there's no
business plan that could support unicast video.  Anyone who tried to do it
is now out of business or just gave up after realizing that you are just
throwing money away if you want to do video over unicast.

As Jon pointed out, the reality is that mcast traffic would be NEW content
that is not currently possible/viable with unicast, rather than traffic
that's available via unicast but transported more efficiently than
unicast.  New traffic on the network means hopefully new revenue, so your
unicast content and revenue stays constant, while mcast simply augments
it.


-Lenny

_______________________________________________
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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 11:54:04 2003
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 10:40:34 -0700 (PDT)

On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> >> since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
> >> reduces revenue? 
> >> 
> >> this is a typical armchair economist argument
> 
> 	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
> 	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
> 	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
> 	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
> 	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
> 	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
> 	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
> 	product [bandwidth]?) 

As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing unicast content
for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to sell. Its not
about saving bandwidth in the core. Its about creating a transport service
which allows successfull biz-models/services for content owners which are
ISP customers. Having profitable customers is a good thing. 
 
> 	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
> 	large content providers or the like. The reality,
> 	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
> 	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
> 	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
> 	are cross-incentives here.  

Yup, I've seen the same. But I also think a large content owner wants
first the largest audience possible.

> >> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
> >> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
> >> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
> >> revenue....noone can say for sure...
> >> 
> >> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
> >> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
> >> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
> >> althogether
> >> Most Exellent Idea
> 
> 	Yep.

Thanks for your support Dave,

Greg

> 	Dave
> 	
> 


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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 10:40:34 -0700 (PDT)

On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> >> since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
> >> reduces revenue? 
> >> 
> >> this is a typical armchair economist argument
> 
> 	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
> 	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
> 	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
> 	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
> 	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
> 	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
> 	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
> 	product [bandwidth]?) 

As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing unicast content
for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to sell. Its not
about saving bandwidth in the core. Its about creating a transport service
which allows successfull biz-models/services for content owners which are
ISP customers. Having profitable customers is a good thing. 
 
> 	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
> 	large content providers or the like. The reality,
> 	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
> 	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
> 	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
> 	are cross-incentives here.  

Yup, I've seen the same. But I also think a large content owner wants
first the largest audience possible.

> >> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
> >> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
> >> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
> >> revenue....noone can say for sure...
> >> 
> >> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
> >> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
> >> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
> >> althogether
> >> Most Exellent Idea
> 
> 	Yep.

Thanks for your support Dave,

Greg

> 	Dave
> 	
> 


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols
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A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
cannot successfully run a decision process.

Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.  From that
perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]=20
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
|   =20
|   =20
|    Hi,
|   =20
|    I have a basic question on routing.
|   =20
|    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"=20
|    decision process in a
|    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing=20
|    node is based on the
|    "decision process" run by another node?
|   =20
|    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
|   =20
|    -thanks
|    Alok
|   =20
|   =20
|    _______________________________________________
|    routing-discussion mailing list
|    routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
|   =20

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 10:45:43 -0700
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A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
cannot successfully run a decision process.

Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.  From that
perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]=20
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
|   =20
|   =20
|    Hi,
|   =20
|    I have a basic question on routing.
|   =20
|    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"=20
|    decision process in a
|    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing=20
|    node is based on the
|    "decision process" run by another node?
|   =20
|    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
|   =20
|    -thanks
|    Alok
|   =20
|   =20
|    _______________________________________________
|    routing-discussion mailing list
|    routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
|   =20

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 13:59:33 2003
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Cc: <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: decison process in routing protocols
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Hi Tony,

What confuses me is this:

how would "running a decison process at any place which has complete and
accurate information" work fine at any place but the node at which needs to
compute the path to an end point from "its" perspective?

or

is each node where we "run the decision process" supposed to compute the
path from the "end node's perspective"(the place where the node is supposed
to put that information as a result of the decision process) or from "its
perspective"?

-thanks
Alok

----- Original Message -----
From: "Tony Li" <Tony.Li@procket.com>
To: "Alok Dube" <alok.dube@apara.com>; <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:15 PM
Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols


>
>
> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
> cannot successfully run a decision process.
>
> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.  From that
> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.
>
> Tony
>
>
> |    -----Original Message-----
> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]
> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
> |
> |
> |    Hi,
> |
> |    I have a basic question on routing.
> |
> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"
> |    decision process in a
> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing
> |    node is based on the
> |    "decision process" run by another node?
> |
> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
> |
> |    -thanks
> |    Alok
> |
> |
> |    _______________________________________________
> |    routing-discussion mailing list
> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> |
>
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
>


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 14:25:37 2003
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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Tony Li wrote:

> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
> cannot successfully run a decision process.
>
> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.

But locality determines what information is _known_ to be complete and
accurate.

Hence split horizon and poison reverse, no?
(Okay, Alok asked about cost and I'm considering cost as distance.)


L.

>  From that
> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.
>
> Tony
>
>
> |    -----Original Message-----
> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]
> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
> |
> |
> |    Hi,
> |
> |    I have a basic question on routing.
> |
> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"
> |    decision process in a
> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing
> |    node is based on the
> |    "decision process" run by another node?
> |
> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
> |
> |    -thanks
> |    Alok
> |
> |
> |    _______________________________________________
> |    routing-discussion mailing list
> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> |
>
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
>

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

_______________________________________________
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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 14:36:30 2003
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From: "Naidu, Venkata" <Venkata.Naidu@Marconi.com>
To: "'Tony Li'" <Tony.Li@procket.com>, Alok Dube <alok.dube@apara.com>,
        routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 14:34:33 -0400

-> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
-> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
-> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
-> cannot successfully run a decision process.
-> 
-> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.  From that
-> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
-> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
-> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
-> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
-> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.

  That said, remote decision processes are inevitable in
  certain situations. For example, inter-area/AS source 
  routing requires some kind of distributed routing information
  (mostly from borders routers) to make an apt decision.
  Distributed routing decisions (with partial information)
  is common in mobile ad-hoc networks. 

  Theoretical foundation do exists for distributed routing
  algorithms. Recently, MPLS is started using such algos.

  In the past there is some work in IP distributed routing
  called "open router". Where multiple forwarding planes are
  controlled by one are many control plane decision processes.
  SS7 also does a kind of distributed out-of-band decisions.

Venkata.
 
-> Tony
-> 
-> 
-> |    -----Original Message-----
-> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com] 
-> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
-> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
-> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
-> |    
-> |    
-> |    Hi,
-> |    
-> |    I have a basic question on routing.
-> |    
-> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based" 
-> |    decision process in a
-> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing 
-> |    node is based on the
-> |    "decision process" run by another node?
-> |    
-> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
-> |    
-> |    -thanks
-> |    Alok
-> |    
-> |    
-> |    _______________________________________________
-> |    routing-discussion mailing list
-> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
-> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
-> |    
-> 
-> _______________________________________________
-> routing-discussion mailing list
-> routing-discussion@ietf.org
-> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
-> 

_______________________________________________
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From: Shehzad Merchant <smerchant@extremenetworks.com>
To: "'Lloyd Wood'" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
Cc: Alok Dube <alok.dube@apara.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org,
        Tony Li
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Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 11:36:32 -0700

The decision process is both a policy and implementation issue. If the
remote node has the policy information to execute the decision process on
behalf of other nodes, and has "accurate and complete" topology information
as the other nodes would see it (for example a network wide view of the
topology as in a link state protocol), conceivably it could execute the
decision process on behalf of other nodes if one chooses to implement things
that way.

-S


-----Original Message-----
From: Lloyd Wood [mailto:l.wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk]
Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:24 AM
To: Tony Li
Cc: Alok Dube; routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols


On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Tony Li wrote:

> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
> cannot successfully run a decision process.
>
> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.

But locality determines what information is _known_ to be complete and
accurate.

Hence split horizon and poison reverse, no?
(Okay, Alok asked about cost and I'm considering cost as distance.)


L.

>  From that
> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.
>
> Tony
>
>
> |    -----Original Message-----
> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]
> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
> |
> |
> |    Hi,
> |
> |    I have a basic question on routing.
> |
> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"
> |    decision process in a
> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing
> |    node is based on the
> |    "decision process" run by another node?
> |
> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
> |
> |    -thanks
> |    Alok
> |
> |
> |    _______________________________________________
> |    routing-discussion mailing list
> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> |
>
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
>

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 14:45:05 2003
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Hi Tony,

What confuses me is this:

how would "running a decison process at any place which has complete and
accurate information" work fine at any place but the node at which needs to
compute the path to an end point from "its" perspective?

or

is each node where we "run the decision process" supposed to compute the
path from the "end node's perspective"(the place where the node is supposed
to put that information as a result of the decision process) or from "its
perspective"?

-thanks
Alok

----- Original Message -----
From: "Tony Li" <Tony.Li@procket.com>
To: "Alok Dube" <alok.dube@apara.com>; <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:15 PM
Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols


>
>
> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
> cannot successfully run a decision process.
>
> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.  From that
> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.
>
> Tony
>
>
> |    -----Original Message-----
> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]
> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
> |
> |
> |    Hi,
> |
> |    I have a basic question on routing.
> |
> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"
> |    decision process in a
> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing
> |    node is based on the
> |    "decision process" run by another node?
> |
> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
> |
> |    -thanks
> |    Alok
> |
> |
> |    _______________________________________________
> |    routing-discussion mailing list
> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> |
>
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
>


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>   In the past there is some work in IP distributed routing
>   called "open router". Where multiple forwarding planes are
>   controlled by one are many control plane decision processes.
>   SS7 also does a kind of distributed out-of-band decisions.

Hi,

do these compute the "decison process for the best route" from the
"forwarding plane's" perspective?

-thanks
Alok


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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: <shep@shepfarm.com>
Cc: "routing-discussion" <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        "wg-multicast" <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>,
        "mboned" <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>, <mtp@shepfarm.com>
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Greg Shepherd wrote:

> As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing=20
> unicast content
> for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
> bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
> bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to=20
> sell.

Sounds like digital TV (DTV) over the Internet. That would seem like a =
no-brainer to me too, but it isn't a no-brainer to the ISPs if they =
think they can make more revenues by using INefficient means of =
transport. That's been the problem all along. For non-commercial =
applications, no argument at all. Multicast is often the only sensible =
answer. Add reliable transport to UDP multicast, like RFCs 2357, 2887, =
3048, and 3453, and its usefulness is self evident even for other than =
streaming media traffic.

> Its not
> about saving bandwidth in the core.

I guess I'm missing this part. Why is not saving bandwidth in the core =
important as well? Take DTV distribution as the example. I would think =
that you'd set up a multicast with its scope limited to a TV market =
size, so as not to infringe on the TV affiliates in other markets. The =
routers inside this area would need to dedicate a lot less bandwidth to =
DTV streams if they could create multicast trees instead of unicast =
streams to each edge router, no?

> But I also think a large content owner wants
> first the largest audience possible.

I agree, for the content provider. Not necessarily for the distribution =
system provider. He simply wants the highest revenues for distributing =
the product.

You'd either need to convince the ISPs that they can profitably =
distribute content with multicast that would be unprofitable with =
unicast, or you'd need a killer app that MUST use multicast.

Bert

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
Thread-Index: AcNEn6yZSwg0fhMxT1K79RjsDLGcqQAFFj8A
From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: <shep@shepfarm.com>
Cc: "routing-discussion" <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
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Greg Shepherd wrote:

> As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing=20
> unicast content
> for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
> bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
> bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to=20
> sell.

Sounds like digital TV (DTV) over the Internet. That would seem like a =
no-brainer to me too, but it isn't a no-brainer to the ISPs if they =
think they can make more revenues by using INefficient means of =
transport. That's been the problem all along. For non-commercial =
applications, no argument at all. Multicast is often the only sensible =
answer. Add reliable transport to UDP multicast, like RFCs 2357, 2887, =
3048, and 3453, and its usefulness is self evident even for other than =
streaming media traffic.

> Its not
> about saving bandwidth in the core.

I guess I'm missing this part. Why is not saving bandwidth in the core =
important as well? Take DTV distribution as the example. I would think =
that you'd set up a multicast with its scope limited to a TV market =
size, so as not to infringe on the TV affiliates in other markets. The =
routers inside this area would need to dedicate a lot less bandwidth to =
DTV streams if they could create multicast trees instead of unicast =
streams to each edge router, no?

> But I also think a large content owner wants
> first the largest audience possible.

I agree, for the content provider. Not necessarily for the distribution =
system provider. He simply wants the highest revenues for distributing =
the product.

You'd either need to convince the ISPs that they can profitably =
distribute content with multicast that would be unprofitable with =
unicast, or you'd need a killer app that MUST use multicast.

Bert

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Leonard Giuliano wrote:

> Not really.  It's usually the first thing that (uninformed) ISP product
> managers come up with, but on the list of reasons why mcast isn't deployed
> everywhere, the unicast-revenue-cannibalizing argument is fairly far down
> on the list.

That's really a billing problem, not a multicast problem. You just
explain to the ISP that they can charge multiple customers for the
same multicast packet, but that their accounting systems need work to
do that properly.

(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
 where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
 constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
 revenue.)

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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 <20030707070909.X66497@maroon.juniper.net>
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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Leonard Giuliano wrote:

> Not really.  It's usually the first thing that (uninformed) ISP product
> managers come up with, but on the list of reasons why mcast isn't deployed
> everywhere, the unicast-revenue-cannibalizing argument is fairly far down
> on the list.

That's really a billing problem, not a multicast problem. You just
explain to the ISP that they can charge multiple customers for the
same multicast packet, but that their accounting systems need work to
do that properly.

(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
 where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
 constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
 revenue.)

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 07:54 PM 7/7/2003 +0100, Lloyd Wood wrote:
>(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
>  where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
>  constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
>  revenue.)

Exactly right.  I ran into an example of that recently.

Check out Nanometrics Seismological Instruments.  They market satellite 
networks of seismometers.

    http://www.nanometrics.ca/products/naqs.htm

Nanometrics uses UDP/IP over multicast for transport of data across the 
satellite channel.  It's a slick setup.  From that web page:

    NAQS Server has all the hooks to support large network
    configurations in mission critical installations. NAQS
    Server supports UDP/IP multicast. This permits fully independent
    installations to operate concurrently, simultaneously processing
    data from the same remote stations.

    With two or more NAQS Server systems operating in parallel,
    customers can migrate system configuration changes and software
    updates from a secondary test installation to the primary NAQS
    Server system. This approach to system administration effectively
    eliminates system down time due to incorrect configuration.

Nanometrics' big selling point is how efficiently they use the space 
segment bandwidth for a seismological sensor network.  Their example:

    Nanometrics recommends allocation 6.6kbps for a typical 3 channel
    100sps seismograph station. This provides the bandwidth required
    for continuous first-difference compressed data, error-correction
    retransmission and protocol overheads. A single carrier of 112 kbps
    can support 17 such channels: 16 remotes and 1 central hub. Libra
    can efficiently support networks of any number of remotes by
    configuring data rates and adding carriers as needed.

    Intelsat, which operates satellites around the world, publishes
    $5800 per year as their standard tariff rate for a five year, 100
    kHz Ku-Band spot beam lease.  If a network consists of 16 remotes,
    the monthly operating cost of each is $30.

(Disclosure statement: I'm not connected with Nanometrics in any way, 
either as an investor, customer, or vendor.  I sat through one of their 
presentations a few weeks ago and was positively impressed.)

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2003 14:10:34 -0500


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 07:54 PM 7/7/2003 +0100, Lloyd Wood wrote:
>(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
>  where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
>  constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
>  revenue.)

Exactly right.  I ran into an example of that recently.

Check out Nanometrics Seismological Instruments.  They market satellite 
networks of seismometers.

    http://www.nanometrics.ca/products/naqs.htm

Nanometrics uses UDP/IP over multicast for transport of data across the 
satellite channel.  It's a slick setup.  From that web page:

    NAQS Server has all the hooks to support large network
    configurations in mission critical installations. NAQS
    Server supports UDP/IP multicast. This permits fully independent
    installations to operate concurrently, simultaneously processing
    data from the same remote stations.

    With two or more NAQS Server systems operating in parallel,
    customers can migrate system configuration changes and software
    updates from a secondary test installation to the primary NAQS
    Server system. This approach to system administration effectively
    eliminates system down time due to incorrect configuration.

Nanometrics' big selling point is how efficiently they use the space 
segment bandwidth for a seismological sensor network.  Their example:

    Nanometrics recommends allocation 6.6kbps for a typical 3 channel
    100sps seismograph station. This provides the bandwidth required
    for continuous first-difference compressed data, error-correction
    retransmission and protocol overheads. A single carrier of 112 kbps
    can support 17 such channels: 16 remotes and 1 central hub. Libra
    can efficiently support networks of any number of remotes by
    configuring data rates and adding carriers as needed.

    Intelsat, which operates satellites around the world, publishes
    $5800 per year as their standard tariff rate for a five year, 100
    kHz Ku-Band spot beam lease.  If a network consists of 16 remotes,
    the monthly operating cost of each is $30.

(Disclosure statement: I'm not connected with Nanometrics in any way, 
either as an investor, customer, or vendor.  I sat through one of their 
presentations a few weeks ago and was positively impressed.)

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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=eDzy
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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Tony Li wrote:

> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
> cannot successfully run a decision process.
>
> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.

But locality determines what information is _known_ to be complete and
accurate.

Hence split horizon and poison reverse, no?
(Okay, Alok asked about cost and I'm considering cost as distance.)


L.

>  From that
> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.
>
> Tony
>
>
> |    -----Original Message-----
> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]
> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
> |
> |
> |    Hi,
> |
> |    I have a basic question on routing.
> |
> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"
> |    decision process in a
> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing
> |    node is based on the
> |    "decision process" run by another node?
> |
> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
> |
> |    -thanks
> |    Alok
> |
> |
> |    _______________________________________________
> |    routing-discussion mailing list
> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> |
>
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
>

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 14:34:33 -0400

-> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
-> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
-> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
-> cannot successfully run a decision process.
-> 
-> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.  From that
-> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
-> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
-> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
-> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
-> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.

  That said, remote decision processes are inevitable in
  certain situations. For example, inter-area/AS source 
  routing requires some kind of distributed routing information
  (mostly from borders routers) to make an apt decision.
  Distributed routing decisions (with partial information)
  is common in mobile ad-hoc networks. 

  Theoretical foundation do exists for distributed routing
  algorithms. Recently, MPLS is started using such algos.

  In the past there is some work in IP distributed routing
  called "open router". Where multiple forwarding planes are
  controlled by one are many control plane decision processes.
  SS7 also does a kind of distributed out-of-band decisions.

Venkata.
 
-> Tony
-> 
-> 
-> |    -----Original Message-----
-> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com] 
-> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
-> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
-> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
-> |    
-> |    
-> |    Hi,
-> |    
-> |    I have a basic question on routing.
-> |    
-> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based" 
-> |    decision process in a
-> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing 
-> |    node is based on the
-> |    "decision process" run by another node?
-> |    
-> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
-> |    
-> |    -thanks
-> |    Alok
-> |    
-> |    
-> |    _______________________________________________
-> |    routing-discussion mailing list
-> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
-> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
-> |    
-> 
-> _______________________________________________
-> routing-discussion mailing list
-> routing-discussion@ietf.org
-> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
-> 

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 15:25:08 2003
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From: Shehzad Merchant <smerchant@extremenetworks.com>
To: "'Lloyd Wood'" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
Cc: Alok Dube <alok.dube@apara.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org,
        Tony Li
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Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 11:36:32 -0700

The decision process is both a policy and implementation issue. If the
remote node has the policy information to execute the decision process on
behalf of other nodes, and has "accurate and complete" topology information
as the other nodes would see it (for example a network wide view of the
topology as in a link state protocol), conceivably it could execute the
decision process on behalf of other nodes if one chooses to implement things
that way.

-S


-----Original Message-----
From: Lloyd Wood [mailto:l.wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk]
Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:24 AM
To: Tony Li
Cc: Alok Dube; routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols


On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Tony Li wrote:

> A decision process can be run anywhere that has complete
> and accurate information.  Conversely, anyplace (including
> locally) that does not have complete and accurate information
> cannot successfully run a decision process.
>
> Thus, locality is only an implementation issue.

But locality determines what information is _known_ to be complete and
accurate.

Hence split horizon and poison reverse, no?
(Okay, Alok asked about cost and I'm considering cost as distance.)


L.

>  From that
> perspective, however, having a failure that makes it impossible
> for data to make it to or from the decision process would make
> the forwarding engine effectively useless.  Protecting against
> such failures requires more redundancy and more system complexity.
> Therefore, remote decision processes are not very common.
>
> Tony
>
>
> |    -----Original Message-----
> |    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]
> |    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 7:10 AM
> |    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    Subject: decison process in routing protocols
> |
> |
> |    Hi,
> |
> |    I have a basic question on routing.
> |
> |    Is it possible to develop an accurate "cost based"
> |    decision process in a
> |    routing protocol if the information passed to a routing
> |    node is based on the
> |    "decision process" run by another node?
> |
> |    Isn't "decision process" supposed to be local to each peer?
> |
> |    -thanks
> |    Alok
> |
> |
> |    _______________________________________________
> |    routing-discussion mailing list
> |    routing-discussion@ietf.org
> |    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> |
>
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
>

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
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        "Lloyd Wood" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
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> At 07:54 PM 7/7/2003 +0100, Lloyd Wood wrote:
> >(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
> >  where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
> >  constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
> >  revenue.)
>=20
> Exactly right.  I ran into an example of that recently.

Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.

Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any sort of =
encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the receivers can =
easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast, to enable the =
appropriate routing where routing matters.

The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in any =
number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses certainly. But =
that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think. For instance, =
what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport Stream? Or what about =
differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP header ID?

Bert

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

> > At 07:54 PM 7/7/2003 +0100, Lloyd Wood wrote:
> > >(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
> > >  where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
> > >  constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
> > >  revenue.)
> >
> > Exactly right.  I ran into an example of that recently.
>
> Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.
>
> Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any
> sort of encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the
> receivers can easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast,
> to enable the appropriate routing where routing matters.

what do you mean by 'reformat the packet'?

> The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in
> any number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses
> certainly. But that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think.
> For instance, what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport
> Stream? Or what about differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP
> header ID?

You'd have to indicate that the multicast packet was a multicast
packet via PID or LLC/SNAP _as well_ - tightly coupling semantics down
the layers.

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

> > At 07:54 PM 7/7/2003 +0100, Lloyd Wood wrote:
> > >(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
> > >  where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
> > >  constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
> > >  revenue.)
> >
> > Exactly right.  I ran into an example of that recently.
>
> Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.
>
> Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any
> sort of encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the
> receivers can easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast,
> to enable the appropriate routing where routing matters.

what do you mean by 'reformat the packet'?

> The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in
> any number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses
> certainly. But that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think.
> For instance, what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport
> Stream? Or what about differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP
> header ID?

You'd have to indicate that the multicast packet was a multicast
packet via PID or LLC/SNAP _as well_ - tightly coupling semantics down
the layers.

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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Subject: Re: decison process in routing protocols
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>   In the past there is some work in IP distributed routing
>   called "open router". Where multiple forwarding planes are
>   controlled by one are many control plane decision processes.
>   SS7 also does a kind of distributed out-of-band decisions.

Hi,

do these compute the "decison process for the best route" from the
"forwarding plane's" perspective?

-thanks
Alok


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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Lloyd Wood" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
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Lloyd Wood wrote:

> Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>=20
> > Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.
> >
> > Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any
> > sort of encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the
> > receivers can easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast,
> > to enable the appropriate routing where routing matters.
>=20
> what do you mean by 'reformat the packet'?

Reincapsulate the frame that was broadcast over the broadcast medium. =
That frame can be used by multiple systems, presumably, only one of =
which would need to worry about IP routing, multicast or otherwise.

> > The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in
> > any number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses
> > certainly. But that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think.
> > For instance, what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport
> > Stream? Or what about differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP
> > header ID?
>=20
> You'd have to indicate that the multicast packet was a multicast
> packet via PID or LLC/SNAP _as well_ - tightly coupling semantics down
> the layers.

My fundamental disagreement with bringing up a broadcast channel is that =
the broadcast channel per se couldn't care less. There are no difficult =
routing decisions to be made in the satellite or other broadcast link. =
The broadcast channel is the equivalent of a single Ethernet link along =
the way, in a wired internet.

Bert

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 15:53:31 2003
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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

> Lloyd Wood wrote:
>
> > Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
> >
> > > Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.
> > >
> > > Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any
> > > sort of encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the
> > > receivers can easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast,
> > > to enable the appropriate routing where routing matters.
> >
> > what do you mean by 'reformat the packet'?
>
> Reincapsulate the frame that was broadcast over the broadcast
> medium. That frame can be used by multiple systems, presumably, only
> one of which would need to worry about IP routing, multicast or
> otherwise.

interesting way of looking at things. Not sure it's workable. I don't
see where IP routing comes in.

> > > The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in
> > > any number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses
> > > certainly. But that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think.
> > > For instance, what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport
> > > Stream? Or what about differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP
> > > header ID?
> >
> > You'd have to indicate that the multicast packet was a multicast
> > packet via PID or LLC/SNAP _as well_ - tightly coupling semantics down
> > the layers.
>
> My fundamental disagreement with bringing up a broadcast channel is
> that the broadcast channel per se couldn't care less.

the terminals receiving from that channel, however, do care when
discriminating. Channels are fundamentally physical, they don't care.
A shared link medium is, however, a different beast.

> There are no difficult routing decisions to be made in the satellite
> or other broadcast link. The broadcast channel is the equivalent of
> a single Ethernet link along the way, in a wired internet.

Collision management is rather different.

As it happens, Ethernet indicates multicast packets in its frame
structure via its own multicast address. There's a mapping.

(And if you have multiple spotbeams on the satellite, each
broadcasting to multiple terminals you have complex packet/frame
replication/identification issues.)

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

> Lloyd Wood wrote:
>
> > Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
> >
> > > Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.
> > >
> > > Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any
> > > sort of encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the
> > > receivers can easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast,
> > > to enable the appropriate routing where routing matters.
> >
> > what do you mean by 'reformat the packet'?
>
> Reincapsulate the frame that was broadcast over the broadcast
> medium. That frame can be used by multiple systems, presumably, only
> one of which would need to worry about IP routing, multicast or
> otherwise.

interesting way of looking at things. Not sure it's workable. I don't
see where IP routing comes in.

> > > The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in
> > > any number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses
> > > certainly. But that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think.
> > > For instance, what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport
> > > Stream? Or what about differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP
> > > header ID?
> >
> > You'd have to indicate that the multicast packet was a multicast
> > packet via PID or LLC/SNAP _as well_ - tightly coupling semantics down
> > the layers.
>
> My fundamental disagreement with bringing up a broadcast channel is
> that the broadcast channel per se couldn't care less.

the terminals receiving from that channel, however, do care when
discriminating. Channels are fundamentally physical, they don't care.
A shared link medium is, however, a different beast.

> There are no difficult routing decisions to be made in the satellite
> or other broadcast link. The broadcast channel is the equivalent of
> a single Ethernet link along the way, in a wired internet.

Collision management is rather different.

As it happens, Ethernet indicates multicast packets in its frame
structure via its own multicast address. There's a mapping.

(And if you have multiple spotbeams on the satellite, each
broadcasting to multiple terminals you have complex packet/frame
replication/identification issues.)

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
Message-ID: <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571E2@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.com>
Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
Thread-Index: AcNEu8+IeFMVNX3FSkWsmkufdo1kNgAAISGQ
From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Bill Nickless" <nickless@mcs.anl.gov>,
        "Lloyd Wood" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
Cc: "routing-discussion" <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
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> At 07:54 PM 7/7/2003 +0100, Lloyd Wood wrote:
> >(multicast makes a lot of sense in a satellite broadcast environment,
> >  where link utilisation matters. If you can resell your
> >  constrained capacity, multicast increases, not decreases, your
> >  revenue.)
>=20
> Exactly right.  I ran into an example of that recently.

Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.

Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any sort of =
encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the receivers can =
easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast, to enable the =
appropriate routing where routing matters.

The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in any =
number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses certainly. But =
that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think. For instance, =
what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport Stream? Or what about =
differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP header ID?

Bert

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Lloyd Wood" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
Cc: "routing-discussion" <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        "wg-multicast" <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>,
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Lloyd Wood wrote:

> Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>
> > My fundamental disagreement with bringing up a broadcast channel is
> > that the broadcast channel per se couldn't care less.
>=20
> the terminals receiving from that channel, however, do care when
> discriminating. Channels are fundamentally physical, they don't care.
> A shared link medium is, however, a different beast.

Okay, maybe we need examples to stay on the same page. Greg Shepherd =
mentioned high bit rate streams as a good reason to use IP multicast vs =
unicast. So let's take satellite DTV distribution as an example.

The head end uplinks DTV program streams to the satellite. They come =
back as MPEG streams, identified by a physical channel and a PID within =
that channel. So far, NO indication of multicast anything. Just unique =
IDs for each bitstream, so they can be differentiated at the receiving =
ends.

Now this signal can be immediately decoded and used by a satellite =
receiver, or it can be encapsulated in IP Multicast packet, then in an =
Ethernet frame, for distribution over a wired internet of some kind. The =
broadcast link does not make for an interesting "must have" for IP =
multicast, in this TV example.

Okay, forget TV. If the satellite link is a more intrinsic part of this =
internet, i.e. a leg in an otherwise routed IP network, then use of IP =
multicast in this particular leg of the network is not really any more =
or less compelling than transmitting IP multicast packets over a wired =
link. Could be Ethernet, could be a wave-divided optical link, could be =
a SONET STS frame, could be a T3 or T1 phone link.

I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be convinced =
that it's to their advantage. One important piece MIGHT be to come up =
with a scheme that can accurately count group membership. IGMP does NOT =
provide such a technique as of now.

Bert

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 16:22:43 2003
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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Lloyd Wood" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
Cc: "routing-discussion" <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        "wg-multicast" <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>,
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Lloyd Wood wrote:

> Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>
> > My fundamental disagreement with bringing up a broadcast channel is
> > that the broadcast channel per se couldn't care less.
>=20
> the terminals receiving from that channel, however, do care when
> discriminating. Channels are fundamentally physical, they don't care.
> A shared link medium is, however, a different beast.

Okay, maybe we need examples to stay on the same page. Greg Shepherd =
mentioned high bit rate streams as a good reason to use IP multicast vs =
unicast. So let's take satellite DTV distribution as an example.

The head end uplinks DTV program streams to the satellite. They come =
back as MPEG streams, identified by a physical channel and a PID within =
that channel. So far, NO indication of multicast anything. Just unique =
IDs for each bitstream, so they can be differentiated at the receiving =
ends.

Now this signal can be immediately decoded and used by a satellite =
receiver, or it can be encapsulated in IP Multicast packet, then in an =
Ethernet frame, for distribution over a wired internet of some kind. The =
broadcast link does not make for an interesting "must have" for IP =
multicast, in this TV example.

Okay, forget TV. If the satellite link is a more intrinsic part of this =
internet, i.e. a leg in an otherwise routed IP network, then use of IP =
multicast in this particular leg of the network is not really any more =
or less compelling than transmitting IP multicast packets over a wired =
link. Could be Ethernet, could be a wave-divided optical link, could be =
a SONET STS frame, could be a T3 or T1 phone link.

I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be convinced =
that it's to their advantage. One important piece MIGHT be to come up =
with a scheme that can accurately count group membership. IGMP does NOT =
provide such a technique as of now.

Bert

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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: "Lloyd Wood" <L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 15:40:47 -0400
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Lloyd Wood wrote:

> Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>=20
> > Sorry, but I had exactly the opposite reaction.
> >
> > Over a broadcast channel, such as satellite, it seems to me, any
> > sort of encapsulation is just fine. At the receiving end*s*, the
> > receivers can easily reformat the packet to be unicast or multicast,
> > to enable the appropriate routing where routing matters.
>=20
> what do you mean by 'reformat the packet'?

Reincapsulate the frame that was broadcast over the broadcast medium. =
That frame can be used by multiple systems, presumably, only one of =
which would need to worry about IP routing, multicast or otherwise.

> > The broadcast channel's individual streams can be differentiated in
> > any number of ways, including the use of Class D addresses
> > certainly. But that makes a weak argument for IP Multicast, I think.
> > For instance, what's wrong with using PIDs in MPEG-2 Transport
> > Stream? Or what about differentiating based only on a LLC/SNAP
> > header ID?
>=20
> You'd have to indicate that the multicast packet was a multicast
> packet via PID or LLC/SNAP _as well_ - tightly coupling semantics down
> the layers.

My fundamental disagreement with bringing up a broadcast channel is that =
the broadcast channel per se couldn't care less. There are no difficult =
routing decisions to be made in the satellite or other broadcast link. =
The broadcast channel is the equivalent of a single Ethernet link along =
the way, in a wired internet.

Bert

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They have to make the exact SAME decisions that the process would
make if it was running locally.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]=20
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:51 AM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: Re: decison process in routing protocols
|   =20
|   =20
|    >   In the past there is some work in IP distributed routing
|    >   called "open router". Where multiple forwarding planes are
|    >   controlled by one are many control plane decision processes.
|    >   SS7 also does a kind of distributed out-of-band decisions.
|   =20
|    Hi,
|   =20
|    do these compute the "decison process for the best route" from the
|    "forwarding plane's" perspective?
|   =20
|    -thanks
|    Alok
|   =20
|   =20
|    _______________________________________________
|    routing-discussion mailing list
|    routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
|   =20

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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

> I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be
> convinced that it's to their advantage. One important piece MIGHT be
> to come up with a scheme that can accurately count group membership.
> IGMP does NOT provide such a technique as of now.

This is why I like core-based trees; I had core-based trees counting
group members in my PhD thesis. (Since a core has upstream state, I
don't view it as IGMP snooping; more proxying/aggregation).

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

> I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be
> convinced that it's to their advantage. One important piece MIGHT be
> to come up with a scheme that can accurately count group membership.
> IGMP does NOT provide such a technique as of now.

This is why I like core-based trees; I had core-based trees counting
group members in my PhD thesis. (Since a core has upstream state, I
don't view it as IGMP snooping; more proxying/aggregation).

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2003 16:57:22 -0400

At 04:20 PM 7/7/2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be convinced 
>that it's to their advantage.

That's called CUSTOMER DEMAND. Where's the killer app?

>  One important piece MIGHT be to come up with a scheme that can 
> accurately count group membership. IGMP does NOT provide such a technique 
> as of now.

ISPs will still not care about it, even if you have provided better 
accounting, unless there's a demand.

IP Multicast requires additional skills and equipment to deploy, debug and 
maintain. In the absence of applications, there's no market. The "chicken 
and egg" issue is the need to have SOME valid, required use, and a 
compelling reason for deployment. To date, that has just not existed.

In reality, there are a handful of actual ISPs you'd need to convince in 
the USA marketplace for Multicast to work. If this technology is to be used 
on the public networks, then Comcast, Charter, Time Warner, Verizon, SBC 
and a handful of others would need to get it working on their broadband 
networks. Get them, and the rest will follow. Multicast to the last mile 
only makes sense to, say Comcast, if there's a good chance of having more 
than one in 100 people watching in a neighborhood (the point at which 
multicast might save them some traffic to distribution nodes).

Multicast certainly has proven useful in private networks. In public use, I 
don't see any significant change in the availability to consumers in the 
last 7 years. 


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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2003 16:57:22 -0400

At 04:20 PM 7/7/2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be convinced 
>that it's to their advantage.

That's called CUSTOMER DEMAND. Where's the killer app?

>  One important piece MIGHT be to come up with a scheme that can 
> accurately count group membership. IGMP does NOT provide such a technique 
> as of now.

ISPs will still not care about it, even if you have provided better 
accounting, unless there's a demand.

IP Multicast requires additional skills and equipment to deploy, debug and 
maintain. In the absence of applications, there's no market. The "chicken 
and egg" issue is the need to have SOME valid, required use, and a 
compelling reason for deployment. To date, that has just not existed.

In reality, there are a handful of actual ISPs you'd need to convince in 
the USA marketplace for Multicast to work. If this technology is to be used 
on the public networks, then Comcast, Charter, Time Warner, Verizon, SBC 
and a handful of others would need to get it working on their broadband 
networks. Get them, and the rest will follow. Multicast to the last mile 
only makes sense to, say Comcast, if there's a good chance of having more 
than one in 100 people watching in a neighborhood (the point at which 
multicast might save them some traffic to distribution nodes).

Multicast certainly has proven useful in private networks. In public use, I 
don't see any significant change in the availability to consumers in the 
last 7 years. 


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  7 17:06:34 2003
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there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
former.

randy


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there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
former.

randy


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On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:

> there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
> there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
> reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
> former.

okay, there's no money in multicast.
there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.
do any p2p filesharing apps try and use multicast?

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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> there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.

two differences
  o p2p file sharing requires nothing in core
  o there is money in it for the end users
i.e. the benefit lies where the cost lies


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> there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.

two differences
  o p2p file sharing requires nothing in core
  o there is money in it for the end users
i.e. the benefit lies where the cost lies


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Subject: RE: decison process in routing protocols
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They have to make the exact SAME decisions that the process would
make if it was running locally.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Alok Dube [mailto:alok.dube@apara.com]=20
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:51 AM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: Re: decison process in routing protocols
|   =20
|   =20
|    >   In the past there is some work in IP distributed routing
|    >   called "open router". Where multiple forwarding planes are
|    >   controlled by one are many control plane decision processes.
|    >   SS7 also does a kind of distributed out-of-band decisions.
|   =20
|    Hi,
|   =20
|    do these compute the "decison process for the best route" from the
|    "forwarding plane's" perspective?
|   =20
|    -thanks
|    Alok
|   =20
|   =20
|    _______________________________________________
|    routing-discussion mailing list
|    routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
|   =20

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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 04:20 PM 7/7/2003 -0400, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be convinced 
>that it's to their advantage. One important piece MIGHT be to come up with 
>a scheme that can accurately count group membership. IGMP does NOT provide 
>such a technique as of now.

In the context of RFC 966, that's an excellent criticism.

Recall that the work described in RFC 966 was originally 
designed/implemented to support the V distributed system on a Metcalfe 
Ethernet.  Quoting:

    On a philosophical point, there has been considerable reluctance to
    make open use of multicast on local networks because it was
    network-specific and not provided across the Internet.  We were
    originally of that school.  However, we recognized that our "hidden"
    uses of multicast in the V distributed system were essential unless
    we resorted to dramatically poorer solutions - wired-in addresses.
    We also recognized, as described in this paper, that an adequate
    multicast facility for the Internet was feasible.  As a consequence,
    we now argue that multicast is an important and basic facility to
    provide in local networks and internetworks.

In the context of a Metcalfe Ethernet supporting a distributed system, 
group membership operations can be entirely contained in the host.  Each 
host merely discards data on the shared bus that is not addressed to them, 
or the Host Group addresses for which they have no interested processes.

In the context of multicast flooding between Metcalfe Ethernets, the 
requirement is to discover where there is zero vs. one (or more) Host Group 
Members on the subnet.  IGMPv1/2 were designed to meet this requirement.

In the context of today's IEEE 802 networks, with full-duplex links 
supporting a single host on each IEEE 802.1 bridge port, additional group 
membership information is required.  IGMP snooping/spoofing attempts to 
discover the set of IEEE 802.1 bridged segments with interested receiver(s).

My position on IGMP snooping/spoofing is probably clear to all.  :-)

But to address your point, I agree that we should look at more 
sophisticated group management techniques--at the link layer and the 
internetwork layer.

At the risk of repeating myself, the IP over Infiniband and IP over IEEE 
1394 (Firewire) specifications do a much better job of multicast group 
membership management than is commonly done on IEEE 802 networks today.

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:

> there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
> there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
> reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
> former.

okay, there's no money in multicast.
there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.
do any p2p filesharing apps try and use multicast?

L.

<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>

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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 04:20 PM 7/7/2003 -0400, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>I think that to make IP multicast compelling, ISPs have to be convinced 
>that it's to their advantage. One important piece MIGHT be to come up with 
>a scheme that can accurately count group membership. IGMP does NOT provide 
>such a technique as of now.

In the context of RFC 966, that's an excellent criticism.

Recall that the work described in RFC 966 was originally 
designed/implemented to support the V distributed system on a Metcalfe 
Ethernet.  Quoting:

    On a philosophical point, there has been considerable reluctance to
    make open use of multicast on local networks because it was
    network-specific and not provided across the Internet.  We were
    originally of that school.  However, we recognized that our "hidden"
    uses of multicast in the V distributed system were essential unless
    we resorted to dramatically poorer solutions - wired-in addresses.
    We also recognized, as described in this paper, that an adequate
    multicast facility for the Internet was feasible.  As a consequence,
    we now argue that multicast is an important and basic facility to
    provide in local networks and internetworks.

In the context of a Metcalfe Ethernet supporting a distributed system, 
group membership operations can be entirely contained in the host.  Each 
host merely discards data on the shared bus that is not addressed to them, 
or the Host Group addresses for which they have no interested processes.

In the context of multicast flooding between Metcalfe Ethernets, the 
requirement is to discover where there is zero vs. one (or more) Host Group 
Members on the subnet.  IGMPv1/2 were designed to meet this requirement.

In the context of today's IEEE 802 networks, with full-duplex links 
supporting a single host on each IEEE 802.1 bridge port, additional group 
membership information is required.  IGMP snooping/spoofing attempts to 
discover the set of IEEE 802.1 bridged segments with interested receiver(s).

My position on IGMP snooping/spoofing is probably clear to all.  :-)

But to address your point, I agree that we should look at more 
sophisticated group management techniques--at the link layer and the 
internetwork layer.

At the risk of repeating myself, the IP over Infiniband and IP over IEEE 
1394 (Firewire) specifications do a much better job of multicast group 
membership management than is commonly done on IEEE 802 networks today.

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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To: Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
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        "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>,
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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>> > 	could/would/should/...As we all know, this whole
>> > 	discussion is 10+ years old. I really don't see anything
>> > 	new here.
>> 
>> Good point! ...and that is the problem. So I guess you're saying that we
>> need something new?

	What I meant is what I said. 

	Dave

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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
In-Reply-To: Message from Lloyd Wood <l.wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk> 
   of "Mon, 07 Jul 2003 22:09:19 BST." <Pine.GSO.4.50.0307072208230.13333-100000@artemis.ee.surrey.ac.uk> 
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Date: Tue, 08 Jul 2003 06:42:07 +0100

there is a large body of end system multicast work based on p2p infrastructures

despite some provider ideas of what customers want...

that said, core, transit and edge ip level multicast are mostly irrel. to the p2p group
comms use...the problem is not usually sender capacity efficiency, or even concurrent
reception...its more just a tool for the job

see scribe, esm, splitstream and CAN based cast papers (and s/w)

while i am all for money, i wish it would stop dominating engineering discussions...build
it well, and they will come...

In missive <Pine.GSO.4.50.0307072208230.13333-100000@artemis.ee.surrey.ac.uk>, Lloyd Wood typed:

 >>On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:
 >>
 >>> there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
 >>> there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
 >>> reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
 >>> former.
 >>
 >>okay, there's no money in multicast.
 >>there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.
 >>do any p2p filesharing apps try and use multicast?
 >>
 >>L.
 >>
 >><http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>
 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
 >>routing-discussion mailing list
 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
 >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

 cheers

   jon


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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com> 
   of "Sun, 06 Jul 2003 17:20:39 EDT." <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571DB@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.com> 
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Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2003 09:34:35 +0100

since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
reduces revenue? 

this is a typical armchair economist argument

obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
revenue....noone can say for sure...

i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
althogether
Most Exellent Idea
In missive <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571DB@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.co
m>, "Manfredi, Albert E" typed:

 >>Interesting subject. From what I'm told, one of the big obstacles in =
 >>enabling multicast all the way through is that use of multicast reduces =
 >>the revenues ISPs can expect for providing network services? That's a =
 >>plausible reason. Are there others? Security?
 >>
 >>Bert
 >>
 >>
 >>> -----Original Message-----
 >>> From: Greg Shepherd [mailto:shep@procket.com]
 >>> Sent: Wednesday, July 02, 2003 7:23 PM
 >>> To: agenda@ietf.org; pim@catarina.usc.edu; idmr@cs.ucl.ac.uk;
 >>> magma@innovationslab.net; routing-discussion@ietf.org;
 >>> wg-multicast@internet2.edu; mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu
 >>> Cc: Alex Zinin; Bill Fenner; Keyur Patel; Greg Shepherd
 >>> Subject: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
 >>>=20
 >>>=20
 >>>=20
 >>> Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF
 >>>=20
 >>> DESCRIPTION:
 >>>=20
 >>> Successful content distribution business plans have been=20
 >>> hampered by the
 >>> all-or-nothing nature of a multicast routed infrastructure.=20
 >>> Several drafts
 >>> have arisen over the past few years to address the last-mile multicast
 >>> deployment gap, but have all lost momentum for various reasons. Recent
 >>> efforts on yet another draft have revealed the need to have=20
 >>> all affected
 >>> parties participate in the effort in order to provide a=20
 >>> comprehensive yet
 >>> simple and deployable solution.
 >>>=20
 >>> A content owner which wishes to build a buisness model around=20
 >>> multicast
 >>> distribution is hampered by the current limited scope of multicast
 >>> deployment. Their only option today is to purchase multicast transit
 >>> services from their provider of choice which does not ensure the path
 >>> between their content and their customers is multicast enabled. The
 >>> administrative control of the multicast topology in this=20
 >>> relationship is
 >>> restricted to the provider and the content customer. The=20
 >>> missing step on
 >>> the path to full multicast deployment will require a solution which
 >>> allows the content owner the benefits of multicast replication,
 >>> independent of the radius of the multicast deployment.
 >>>=20
 >>> The purpose of this BOF is to bring together operators, content
 >>> providers/owners, application and protocol implementors to discuss the
 >>> problem and worked towards a mutually desired solution. The expected
 >>> outcome will be an evaluation of interest, a better defined problem
 >>> statement, directions for any future progress from the BOF
 >>> participants.
 >>>=20
 >>> AGENDA:
 >>>=20
 >>> 1. Agenda Bashing (all)
 >>> 2. Problem description (shep - 10min)
 >>> 3. Discussion of current gaps and future direction (from the floor)
 >>>=20
 >>> WEB REFERNCE:
 >>> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/last-mile
 >>>=20
 >>> RELEVANT PAST WORK: (this list is possibly incomplete - please send
 >>> updates)
 >>> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-ietf-mboned-auto-
 >>multicast-01.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-mboned-autotunneli=
 >>ng-00.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-umtp-07.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-keyur-pim-host-extensions-00=
 >>.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-jibiki-iwata-msdp-idmf-00.tx=
 >>t
 >>
 >>MAILLIST:
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
 >>
 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
 >>routing-discussion mailing list
 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
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 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
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 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
 >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

 cheers

   jon


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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Date: Tue, 08 Jul 2003 06:42:07 +0100

there is a large body of end system multicast work based on p2p infrastructures

despite some provider ideas of what customers want...

that said, core, transit and edge ip level multicast are mostly irrel. to the p2p group
comms use...the problem is not usually sender capacity efficiency, or even concurrent
reception...its more just a tool for the job

see scribe, esm, splitstream and CAN based cast papers (and s/w)

while i am all for money, i wish it would stop dominating engineering discussions...build
it well, and they will come...

In missive <Pine.GSO.4.50.0307072208230.13333-100000@artemis.ee.surrey.ac.uk>, Lloyd Wood typed:

 >>On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:
 >>
 >>> there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
 >>> there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
 >>> reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
 >>> former.
 >>
 >>okay, there's no money in multicast.
 >>there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.
 >>do any p2p filesharing apps try and use multicast?
 >>
 >>L.
 >>
 >><http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/><L.Wood@ee.surrey.ac.uk>
 >>
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 cheers

   jon


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Subject: Re: [Mtp] Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2003 13:42:47 -0500


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 09:35 AM 7/7/2003 -0700, Greg Shepherd wrote:
>As I stated in the BOF overview, I would just like to describe the problem
>collectively. We can then turn to if/how it can be solved - either by
>putting together existing pieces or creating some missing piece. But we
>have to start by agreeing on the problem, AND agreeing on what a solution
>should achieve.

I won't be able to make it to Vienna.  Y'all had better take good notes!

At the risk of repeating myself, here's my take on it.  (Focusing on IPv4, 
without loss of generality to IPv6):

RFC 966 answered that question almost 20 years ago:

    Multicast has two primary uses, namely distributed binding and
    multi-destination delivery.  As a binding mechanism, multicast is a
    robust and often more efficient alternative to the use of name
    servers for finding a particular object or service when a particular
    host address is not known.  For example, in a distributed file
    system, all the file servers may be associated with one well-known
    multicast address.  To bind a file name to a particular server, a
    client sends a query packet containing the file name to the file
    server multicast address, for delivery to all the file servers.  The
    server that recognizes the file name then responds to the client,
    allowing subsequent interaction directly with that server host.  Even
    when name servers are employed, multicast can be used as the first
    step in the binding process, that is, finding a name server.

    Multi-destination delivery is useful to several applications,
    including:

       - distributed, replicated databases [6,9].

       - conferencing [11].

       - distributed parallel computation, including distributed
         gaming [2].

    Ideally, multicast transmission to a set of hosts is not more
    complicated or expensive for the sender than transmission to a single
    host.  Similarly, multicast transmission should not be more expensive
    for the networks and gateways than traversing the shortest path tree
    that connects the sending host to the hosts identified by the
    multicast address.

(Bill here again)

Bottom line:

I believe we should start with RFC 966.  RFC 1112 targets an Internet that 
no longer exists, and LAN technology that has long since been superceded.

For some time I've wanted to help write an RFC-1112-bis.  I'm very much 
looking forward to the results of this BOF.  Again--take good notes!

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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>> > 	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
>> > 	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
>> > 	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
>> > 	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
>> > 	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
>> > 	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
>> > 	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
>> > 	product [bandwidth]?) 
>> 
>> As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing unicast content
>> for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
>> bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
>> bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to
>> sell. 

	So you are saying that you have a technology that is
	looking for a "whole new range of content at a much
	higher quality"?  OK. I don't disagree that multicast is
	a technology looking for such an application (at least in
	the inter-domain space; we all know that there are many
	enterprise applications). 

>> Its not about saving bandwidth in the core. 

	Yes. History and experience has shown us that this much
	is clear. 

>> Its about creating a transport service which allows
>> successfull biz-models/services for content owners which are 
>> ISP customers.

	could/would/should/...As we all know, this whole
	discussion is 10+ years old. I really don't see anything
	new here.     

>> Having profitable customers is a good thing. 

	I don't think any one is arguing that profitability isn't
	a good thing (or if they were, I didn't undertstand that
	from the thread). 

>> > 	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
>> > 	large content providers or the like. The reality,
>> > 	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
>> > 	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
>> > 	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
>> > 	are cross-incentives here.  
>> 
>> Yup, I've seen the same. But I also think a large content owner wants
>> first the largest audience possible.

	This would seem to be the case if there is a positive
	correlation between maximizing ROIC and/or minimizing
	OPEX, and audience size. It is not clear (at least not
	clear to me) that this is necessarily the case. 

>> > >> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
>> > >> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
>> > >> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
>> > >> revenue....noone can say for sure...
>> > >> 
>> > >> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
>> > >> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
>> > >> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
>> > >> althogether
>> > >> Most Exellent Idea
>> > 
>> > 	Yep.
>> 
>> Thanks for your support Dave,

	Sure. Hopefully we can tackle some of the thorny problems
	that have plagued multicast deployment (and have been
	pointed out in this thread).

	Dave

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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 01:59:41 -0400 (EDT)

Hi,

What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out there in the field are actually able to
inject multiple entries for load balancing in their forwarding table for forwarding the traffic?

I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i am more interested in hearing is the
fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live networks which support this.

Regards,
Rasputin

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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 01:59:41 -0400 (EDT)

Hi,

What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out there in the field are actually able to
inject multiple entries for load balancing in their forwarding table for forwarding the traffic?

I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i am more interested in hearing is the
fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live networks which support this.

Regards,
Rasputin

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Subject: RE: Inserting multiple entries in FIB
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From: "Tony Li" <Tony.Li@procket.com>
To: "Tulip Rasputin" <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 23:07:47 -0700
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Please define "out there".  Brands C, J and P all do.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Tulip Rasputin [mailto:tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca]=20
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:00 PM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: Inserting multiple entries in FIB
|   =20
|   =20
|    Hi,
|   =20
|    What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out=20
|    there in the field are actually able to
|    inject multiple entries for load balancing in their=20
|    forwarding table for forwarding the traffic?
|   =20
|    I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i=20
|    am more interested in hearing is the
|    fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live=20
|    networks which support this.
|   =20
|    Regards,
|    Rasputin
|   =20
|    ___________________________________________________________
|    ___________=20
|    Post your free ad now! http://personals.yahoo.ca
|   =20
|    _______________________________________________
|    routing-discussion mailing list
|    routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
|   =20

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From: Tulip Rasputin <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>
Subject: RE: Inserting multiple entries in FIB
To: Tony.Li@procket.com
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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 02:30:05 -0400 (EDT)

Tony,

I meant out there in the actual ISP deployments! :-)

Thanks for the help!

Regards,
Rasputin

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Tony Li" <Tony.Li@procket.com>
To: "Tulip Rasputin" <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>; <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, July 08, 2003 11:37 AM
Subject: RE: Inserting multiple entries in FIB




Please define "out there".  Brands C, J and P all do.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Tulip Rasputin [mailto:tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca] 
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:00 PM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: Inserting multiple entries in FIB
|    
|    
|    Hi,
|    
|    What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out 
|    there in the field are actually able to
|    inject multiple entries for load balancing in their 
|    forwarding table for forwarding the traffic?
|    
|    I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i 
|    am more interested in hearing is the
|    fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live 
|    networks which support this.
|    
|    Regards,
|    Rasputin
|    


______________________________________________________________________ 
Post your free ad now! http://personals.yahoo.ca

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To: Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 09:40:23 -0700

>> > 	could/would/should/...As we all know, this whole
>> > 	discussion is 10+ years old. I really don't see anything
>> > 	new here.
>> 
>> Good point! ...and that is the problem. So I guess you're saying that we
>> need something new?

	What I meant is what I said. 

	Dave

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  8 02:35:44 2003
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 08:16:20 -0700

>> since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
>> reduces revenue? 
>> 
>> this is a typical armchair economist argument

	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
	product [bandwidth]?) 

	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
	large content providers or the like. The reality,
	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
	are cross-incentives here.  

>> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
>> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
>> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
>> revenue....noone can say for sure...
>> 
>> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
>> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
>> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
>> althogether
>> Most Exellent Idea

	Yep.

	Dave
	

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To: Jon Crowcroft <Jon.Crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk>
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 08:16:20 -0700

>> since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
>> reduces revenue? 
>> 
>> this is a typical armchair economist argument

	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
	product [bandwidth]?) 

	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
	large content providers or the like. The reality,
	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
	are cross-incentives here.  

>> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
>> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
>> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
>> revenue....noone can say for sure...
>> 
>> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
>> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
>> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
>> althogether
>> Most Exellent Idea

	Yep.

	Dave
	

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2003 13:42:47 -0500


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 09:35 AM 7/7/2003 -0700, Greg Shepherd wrote:
>As I stated in the BOF overview, I would just like to describe the problem
>collectively. We can then turn to if/how it can be solved - either by
>putting together existing pieces or creating some missing piece. But we
>have to start by agreeing on the problem, AND agreeing on what a solution
>should achieve.

I won't be able to make it to Vienna.  Y'all had better take good notes!

At the risk of repeating myself, here's my take on it.  (Focusing on IPv4, 
without loss of generality to IPv6):

RFC 966 answered that question almost 20 years ago:

    Multicast has two primary uses, namely distributed binding and
    multi-destination delivery.  As a binding mechanism, multicast is a
    robust and often more efficient alternative to the use of name
    servers for finding a particular object or service when a particular
    host address is not known.  For example, in a distributed file
    system, all the file servers may be associated with one well-known
    multicast address.  To bind a file name to a particular server, a
    client sends a query packet containing the file name to the file
    server multicast address, for delivery to all the file servers.  The
    server that recognizes the file name then responds to the client,
    allowing subsequent interaction directly with that server host.  Even
    when name servers are employed, multicast can be used as the first
    step in the binding process, that is, finding a name server.

    Multi-destination delivery is useful to several applications,
    including:

       - distributed, replicated databases [6,9].

       - conferencing [11].

       - distributed parallel computation, including distributed
         gaming [2].

    Ideally, multicast transmission to a set of hosts is not more
    complicated or expensive for the sender than transmission to a single
    host.  Similarly, multicast transmission should not be more expensive
    for the networks and gateways than traversing the shortest path tree
    that connects the sending host to the hosts identified by the
    multicast address.

(Bill here again)

Bottom line:

I believe we should start with RFC 966.  RFC 1112 targets an Internet that 
no longer exists, and LAN technology that has long since been superceded.

For some time I've wanted to help write an RFC-1112-bis.  I'm very much 
looking forward to the results of this BOF.  Again--take good notes!

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: shep@shepfarm.com
Cc: Jon Crowcroft <Jon.Crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk>,
        "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>,
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 09:24:19 -0700

>> > 	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
>> > 	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
>> > 	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
>> > 	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
>> > 	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
>> > 	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
>> > 	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
>> > 	product [bandwidth]?) 
>> 
>> As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing unicast content
>> for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
>> bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
>> bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to
>> sell. 

	So you are saying that you have a technology that is
	looking for a "whole new range of content at a much
	higher quality"?  OK. I don't disagree that multicast is
	a technology looking for such an application (at least in
	the inter-domain space; we all know that there are many
	enterprise applications). 

>> Its not about saving bandwidth in the core. 

	Yes. History and experience has shown us that this much
	is clear. 

>> Its about creating a transport service which allows
>> successfull biz-models/services for content owners which are 
>> ISP customers.

	could/would/should/...As we all know, this whole
	discussion is 10+ years old. I really don't see anything
	new here.     

>> Having profitable customers is a good thing. 

	I don't think any one is arguing that profitability isn't
	a good thing (or if they were, I didn't undertstand that
	from the thread). 

>> > 	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
>> > 	large content providers or the like. The reality,
>> > 	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
>> > 	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
>> > 	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
>> > 	are cross-incentives here.  
>> 
>> Yup, I've seen the same. But I also think a large content owner wants
>> first the largest audience possible.

	This would seem to be the case if there is a positive
	correlation between maximizing ROIC and/or minimizing
	OPEX, and audience size. It is not clear (at least not
	clear to me) that this is necessarily the case. 

>> > >> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
>> > >> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
>> > >> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
>> > >> revenue....noone can say for sure...
>> > >> 
>> > >> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
>> > >> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
>> > >> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
>> > >> althogether
>> > >> Most Exellent Idea
>> > 
>> > 	Yep.
>> 
>> Thanks for your support Dave,

	Sure. Hopefully we can tackle some of the thorny problems
	that have plagued multicast deployment (and have been
	pointed out in this thread).

	Dave

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From: Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
To: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 09:35:46 -0700 (PDT)



On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> >> > 	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
> >> > 	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
> >> > 	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
> >> > 	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
> >> > 	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
> >> > 	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
> >> > 	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
> >> > 	product [bandwidth]?)
> >>
> >> As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing unicast content
> >> for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
> >> bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
> >> bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to
> >> sell.
>
> 	So you are saying that you have a technology that is
> 	looking for a "whole new range of content at a much
> 	higher quality"?  OK. I don't disagree that multicast is
> 	a technology looking for such an application (at least in
> 	the inter-domain space; we all know that there are many
> 	enterprise applications).

I think there are already plenting of applications. As we, the choir, have
been preaching to ourselves for years, this must be content driven in that
its the content owners who stand to benifit from a multicast transport biz
model.

> >> Its not about saving bandwidth in the core.
>
> 	Yes. History and experience has shown us that this much
> 	is clear.
>
> >> Its about creating a transport service which allows
> >> successfull biz-models/services for content owners which are
> >> ISP customers.
>
> 	could/would/should/...As we all know, this whole
> 	discussion is 10+ years old. I really don't see anything
> 	new here.

Good point! ...and that is the problem. So I guess you're saying that we
need something new?

As I stated in the BOF overview, I would just like to describe the problem
collectively. We can then turn to if/how it can be solved - either by
putting together existing pieces or creating some missing piece. But we
have to start by agreeing on the problem, AND agreeing on what a solution
should achieve.

Thanks,
Greg

> >> Having profitable customers is a good thing.
>
> 	I don't think any one is arguing that profitability isn't
> 	a good thing (or if they were, I didn't undertstand that
> 	from the thread).
>
> >> > 	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
> >> > 	large content providers or the like. The reality,
> >> > 	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
> >> > 	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
> >> > 	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
> >> > 	are cross-incentives here.
> >>
> >> Yup, I've seen the same. But I also think a large content owner wants
> >> first the largest audience possible.
>
> 	This would seem to be the case if there is a positive
> 	correlation between maximizing ROIC and/or minimizing
> 	OPEX, and audience size. It is not clear (at least not
> 	clear to me) that this is necessarily the case.
>
> >> > >> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
> >> > >> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
> >> > >> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
> >> > >> revenue....noone can say for sure...
> >> > >>
> >> > >> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
> >> > >> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
> >> > >> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
> >> > >> althogether
> >> > >> Most Exellent Idea
> >> >
> >> > 	Yep.
> >>
> >> Thanks for your support Dave,
>
> 	Sure. Hopefully we can tackle some of the thorny problems
> 	that have plagued multicast deployment (and have been
> 	pointed out in this thread).
>
> 	Dave
>


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Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2003 09:35:46 -0700 (PDT)



On Mon, 7 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> >> > 	No ISP/carrier that I have ever worked for (or even, that
> >> > 	I know of, where ISP == "IP Transport Bandwidth
> >> > 	Provider") has ever been able to demonstrate any kind of
> >> > 	CAPEX savings due to multicast. In fact, the places where it
> >> > 	might be most useful (tail circuits) provide the opposite
> >> > 	incentive to the bandwidth provider (why would I provide
> >> > 	you a technology that allows you to buy less of my
> >> > 	product [bandwidth]?)
> >>
> >> As Lenny pointed out, any 'savings' assumes canabilizing unicast content
> >> for multicast. BUT a large-audience multicast transport service could
> >> bring a whole new range of content at a much higher quality (read
> >> bit-rate) which could be a completely different service to
> >> sell.
>
> 	So you are saying that you have a technology that is
> 	looking for a "whole new range of content at a much
> 	higher quality"?  OK. I don't disagree that multicast is
> 	a technology looking for such an application (at least in
> 	the inter-domain space; we all know that there are many
> 	enterprise applications).

I think there are already plenting of applications. As we, the choir, have
been preaching to ourselves for years, this must be content driven in that
its the content owners who stand to benifit from a multicast transport biz
model.

> >> Its not about saving bandwidth in the core.
>
> 	Yes. History and experience has shown us that this much
> 	is clear.
>
> >> Its about creating a transport service which allows
> >> successfull biz-models/services for content owners which are
> >> ISP customers.
>
> 	could/would/should/...As we all know, this whole
> 	discussion is 10+ years old. I really don't see anything
> 	new here.

Good point! ...and that is the problem. So I guess you're saying that we
need something new?

As I stated in the BOF overview, I would just like to describe the problem
collectively. We can then turn to if/how it can be solved - either by
putting together existing pieces or creating some missing piece. But we
have to start by agreeing on the problem, AND agreeing on what a solution
should achieve.

Thanks,
Greg

> >> Having profitable customers is a good thing.
>
> 	I don't think any one is arguing that profitability isn't
> 	a good thing (or if they were, I didn't undertstand that
> 	from the thread).
>
> >> > 	OTOH, perhaps that's a selling point when marketing to
> >> > 	large content providers or the like. The reality,
> >> > 	however, is that such custmers (and in fact, most large
> >> > 	consumers of b/w) want carrier diverse facilities, kinda
> >> > 	blowing away that argument in any event. Clearly there
> >> > 	are cross-incentives here.
> >>
> >> Yup, I've seen the same. But I also think a large content owner wants
> >> first the largest audience possible.
>
> 	This would seem to be the case if there is a positive
> 	correlation between maximizing ROIC and/or minimizing
> 	OPEX, and audience size. It is not clear (at least not
> 	clear to me) that this is necessarily the case.
>
> >> > >> obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
> >> > >> multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
> >> > >> new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
> >> > >> revenue....noone can say for sure...
> >> > >>
> >> > >> i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
> >> > >> other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
> >> > >> size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
> >> > >> althogether
> >> > >> Most Exellent Idea
> >> >
> >> > 	Yep.
> >>
> >> Thanks for your support Dave,
>
> 	Sure. Hopefully we can tackle some of the thorny problems
> 	that have plagued multicast deployment (and have been
> 	pointed out in this thread).
>
> 	Dave
>


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To: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
cc: Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>,
        routing-discussion <routing-discussion@ietf.org>,
        wg-multicast <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>,
        mboned <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>,
        Jon.Crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk
Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com> 
   of "Sun, 06 Jul 2003 17:20:39 EDT." <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571DB@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.com> 
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Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2003 09:34:35 +0100

since practically no access ISPs allow multicast, how do they know it
reduces revenue? 

this is a typical armchair economist argument

obviously if all the users using simultaneous unicast switched to
multicast this MIGHT be true, but the real point is that it enables
new sources, applications and services, and might therefore INCREASE
revenue....noone can say for sure...

i think the technical obstacles (cable tv modem head end, DSLAM, and
other minimal support for igmp magic, security, charging for group
size and other stuff are the critical points and think this BOG Is an
althogether
Most Exellent Idea
In missive <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571DB@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.co
m>, "Manfredi, Albert E" typed:

 >>Interesting subject. From what I'm told, one of the big obstacles in =
 >>enabling multicast all the way through is that use of multicast reduces =
 >>the revenues ISPs can expect for providing network services? That's a =
 >>plausible reason. Are there others? Security?
 >>
 >>Bert
 >>
 >>
 >>> -----Original Message-----
 >>> From: Greg Shepherd [mailto:shep@procket.com]
 >>> Sent: Wednesday, July 02, 2003 7:23 PM
 >>> To: agenda@ietf.org; pim@catarina.usc.edu; idmr@cs.ucl.ac.uk;
 >>> magma@innovationslab.net; routing-discussion@ietf.org;
 >>> wg-multicast@internet2.edu; mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu
 >>> Cc: Alex Zinin; Bill Fenner; Keyur Patel; Greg Shepherd
 >>> Subject: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
 >>>=20
 >>>=20
 >>>=20
 >>> Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF
 >>>=20
 >>> DESCRIPTION:
 >>>=20
 >>> Successful content distribution business plans have been=20
 >>> hampered by the
 >>> all-or-nothing nature of a multicast routed infrastructure.=20
 >>> Several drafts
 >>> have arisen over the past few years to address the last-mile multicast
 >>> deployment gap, but have all lost momentum for various reasons. Recent
 >>> efforts on yet another draft have revealed the need to have=20
 >>> all affected
 >>> parties participate in the effort in order to provide a=20
 >>> comprehensive yet
 >>> simple and deployable solution.
 >>>=20
 >>> A content owner which wishes to build a buisness model around=20
 >>> multicast
 >>> distribution is hampered by the current limited scope of multicast
 >>> deployment. Their only option today is to purchase multicast transit
 >>> services from their provider of choice which does not ensure the path
 >>> between their content and their customers is multicast enabled. The
 >>> administrative control of the multicast topology in this=20
 >>> relationship is
 >>> restricted to the provider and the content customer. The=20
 >>> missing step on
 >>> the path to full multicast deployment will require a solution which
 >>> allows the content owner the benefits of multicast replication,
 >>> independent of the radius of the multicast deployment.
 >>>=20
 >>> The purpose of this BOF is to bring together operators, content
 >>> providers/owners, application and protocol implementors to discuss the
 >>> problem and worked towards a mutually desired solution. The expected
 >>> outcome will be an evaluation of interest, a better defined problem
 >>> statement, directions for any future progress from the BOF
 >>> participants.
 >>>=20
 >>> AGENDA:
 >>>=20
 >>> 1. Agenda Bashing (all)
 >>> 2. Problem description (shep - 10min)
 >>> 3. Discussion of current gaps and future direction (from the floor)
 >>>=20
 >>> WEB REFERNCE:
 >>> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/last-mile
 >>>=20
 >>> RELEVANT PAST WORK: (this list is possibly incomplete - please send
 >>> updates)
 >>> http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-ietf-mboned-auto-
 >>multicast-01.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-mboned-autotunneli=
 >>ng-00.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-finlayson-umtp-07.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-keyur-pim-host-extensions-00=
 >>.txt
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/multicast/upim/draft-jibiki-iwata-msdp-idmf-00.tx=
 >>t
 >>
 >>MAILLIST:
 >>http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
 >>
 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
 >>routing-discussion mailing list
 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
 >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
 >>routing-discussion mailing list
 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
 >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

 cheers

   jon


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Please define "out there".  Brands C, J and P all do.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Tulip Rasputin [mailto:tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca]=20
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:00 PM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: Inserting multiple entries in FIB
|   =20
|   =20
|    Hi,
|   =20
|    What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out=20
|    there in the field are actually able to
|    inject multiple entries for load balancing in their=20
|    forwarding table for forwarding the traffic?
|   =20
|    I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i=20
|    am more interested in hearing is the
|    fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live=20
|    networks which support this.
|   =20
|    Regards,
|    Rasputin
|   =20
|    ___________________________________________________________
|    ___________=20
|    Post your free ad now! http://personals.yahoo.ca
|   =20
|    _______________________________________________
|    routing-discussion mailing list
|    routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
|   =20

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Subject: RE: Inserting multiple entries in FIB
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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 02:30:05 -0400 (EDT)

Tony,

I meant out there in the actual ISP deployments! :-)

Thanks for the help!

Regards,
Rasputin

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Tony Li" <Tony.Li@procket.com>
To: "Tulip Rasputin" <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>; <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, July 08, 2003 11:37 AM
Subject: RE: Inserting multiple entries in FIB




Please define "out there".  Brands C, J and P all do.

Tony


|    -----Original Message-----
|    From: Tulip Rasputin [mailto:tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca] 
|    Sent: Monday, July 07, 2003 11:00 PM
|    To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
|    Subject: Inserting multiple entries in FIB
|    
|    
|    Hi,
|    
|    What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out 
|    there in the field are actually able to
|    inject multiple entries for load balancing in their 
|    forwarding table for forwarding the traffic?
|    
|    I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i 
|    am more interested in hearing is the
|    fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live 
|    networks which support this.
|    
|    Regards,
|    Rasputin
|    


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Date: Tue, 08 Jul 2003 10:51:27 -0400


In message <20030708055941.84709.qmail@web42001.mail.yahoo.com>, Tulip Rasputin
 writes:
> Hi,
> 
> What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out there in the field ar
> e actually able to
> inject multiple entries for load balancing in their forwarding table for forw
> arding the traffic?
> 
> I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i am more interested i
> n hearing is the
> fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live networks which support t
> his.
> 
> Regards,
> Rasputin


My guess is very close to 100% if not exactly 100% in the tier-1
providers and same possibly for the tier 2.  I don't know of any
router that has been deployed in an ISP that does not support ECMP.
Most or all tier-1 ISPs consider lack of ECMP support to be so serious
an ommission that they will not deploy a router that does not have it.

Curtis

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Date: Tue, 08 Jul 2003 10:51:27 -0400


In message <20030708055941.84709.qmail@web42001.mail.yahoo.com>, Tulip Rasputin
 writes:
> Hi,
> 
> What approximate percentage (%) of routers deployed out there in the field ar
> e actually able to
> inject multiple entries for load balancing in their forwarding table for forw
> arding the traffic?
> 
> I understand that most of the modern routers can. What i am more interested i
> n hearing is the
> fraction of routers deployed *out* there in the live networks which support t
> his.
> 
> Regards,
> Rasputin


My guess is very close to 100% if not exactly 100% in the tier-1
providers and same possibly for the tier 2.  I don't know of any
router that has been deployed in an ISP that does not support ECMP.
Most or all tier-1 ISPs consider lack of ECMP support to be so serious
an ommission that they will not deploy a router that does not have it.

Curtis

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  8 12:39:34 2003
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Subject: the more things change, the more they stay the same (last mile problem...)
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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 09:38:17 -0700

	It just occurred to me that the first draft I wrote in
	MBONED outlined the inter-domain problems we were having
	deploying multicast (many/all of which seem to still
	exist, sadly), and that a similar exercise may be useful
	in the context of the last mile problem. Further, it
	seems that some of the issues outlined in that (now
	ancient) draft apply to the last mile problem. See

	http://www.1-4-5.net/~dmm/draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt

	Dave

	[Maybe I should update this one...]

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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 09:38:17 -0700

	It just occurred to me that the first draft I wrote in
	MBONED outlined the inter-domain problems we were having
	deploying multicast (many/all of which seem to still
	exist, sadly), and that a similar exercise may be useful
	in the context of the last mile problem. Further, it
	seems that some of the issues outlined in that (now
	ancient) draft apply to the last mile problem. See

	http://www.1-4-5.net/~dmm/draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt

	Dave

	[Maybe I should update this one...]

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  8 18:10:06 2003
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        wg-multicast <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>,
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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 16:56:43 -0700 (PDT)

On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:

> there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
> there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
> reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
> former.

Good point! 

But I would have to argue that we do not know if there is money in
interdomain multicast simply because is doesn't exist on any usable
scale. The benefits of multicast intradomain are quite easily realized as
it is most often a single administrative domain - if you want it
everywhere, go turn it on.

Interdomain does not have that luxury. Its an all-or-nothing
proposition. Every router in the path (across multiple administrative
domains) must be mcast enabled or it doesn't work. So current penetration
I'd guess to be well under 10%. Even a core network which is mcast
enabled and would like to offer/sell multicast service really has nothing
to sell. Sure, their network is enabled but that really accounts for
nothing without all the other networks in the path to the receivers
(content customers) also being enabled.

Greg
 
> randy
> 


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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 16:56:43 -0700 (PDT)

On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:

> there is more traffic about multicast than actual wan multicast.
> there is massively more intranet multicast use than internet.  the
> reasons are that there is money in the latter and none in the
> former.

Good point! 

But I would have to argue that we do not know if there is money in
interdomain multicast simply because is doesn't exist on any usable
scale. The benefits of multicast intradomain are quite easily realized as
it is most often a single administrative domain - if you want it
everywhere, go turn it on.

Interdomain does not have that luxury. Its an all-or-nothing
proposition. Every router in the path (across multiple administrative
domains) must be mcast enabled or it doesn't work. So current penetration
I'd guess to be well under 10%. Even a core network which is mcast
enabled and would like to offer/sell multicast service really has nothing
to sell. Sure, their network is enabled but that really accounts for
nothing without all the other networks in the path to the receivers
(content customers) also being enabled.

Greg
 
> randy
> 


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  8 18:11:31 2003
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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 16:59:30 -0700 (PDT)

On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:

> > there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.
> 
> two differences
>   o p2p file sharing requires nothing in core
>   o there is money in it for the end users
> i.e. the benefit lies where the cost lies

Agreed! And the cost of transmitting streaming content to a large audience
via unicast is piled high on the content owner/distributor. So they can
read and understand mcast, build a biz-plan around mcast distribution, and
even turn-up mcast transit with their provider of choice - but they still
don't have any usable mcast penetration to realize the cost benefits.

There is a missing piece.

Greg


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Subject: RE: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 16:59:30 -0700 (PDT)

On Sun, 6 Jul 2003, Randy Bush wrote:

> > there's no money in p2p filesharing apps.
> 
> two differences
>   o p2p file sharing requires nothing in core
>   o there is money in it for the end users
> i.e. the benefit lies where the cost lies

Agreed! And the cost of transmitting streaming content to a large audience
via unicast is piled high on the content owner/distributor. So they can
read and understand mcast, build a biz-plan around mcast distribution, and
even turn-up mcast transit with their provider of choice - but they still
don't have any usable mcast penetration to realize the cost benefits.

There is a missing piece.

Greg


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  8 19:01:30 2003
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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 16:00:09 -0700


Hiya folks,

  Alex and I managed to both assume that the other one was going to
schedule the routing area meeting for Vienna -- oops!  Luckily, we
have very forgiving people in charge of the scheduling, so we were
able to get a room: Hall NO on Thursday afternoon, 1530-1730.  (This
is on the online agenda, but didn't make it into the printed version.)

  We will begin with the usual status reports from the working groups
and BOFs that meet.  We'll start the open mic time with a discussion of
reuse of routing protocols for things that look less and less like
routing, and we'll see where things go from there.  A more complete
agenda will follow.

  Bill

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Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2003 16:00:09 -0700


Hiya folks,

  Alex and I managed to both assume that the other one was going to
schedule the routing area meeting for Vienna -- oops!  Luckily, we
have very forgiving people in charge of the scheduling, so we were
able to get a room: Hall NO on Thursday afternoon, 1530-1730.  (This
is on the online agenda, but didn't make it into the printed version.)

  We will begin with the usual status reports from the working groups
and BOFs that meet.  We'll start the open mic time with a discussion of
reuse of routing protocols for things that look less and less like
routing, and we'll see where things go from there.  A more complete
agenda will follow.

  Bill

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  9 11:58:37 2003
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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> There is a missing piece.
> 

There are too many pieces:  Namely CDNs like Akamai freeflow streaming.
/a


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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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> There is a missing piece.
> 

There are too many pieces:  Namely CDNs like Akamai freeflow streaming.
/a


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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 10:51:41 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Alan Crosswell wrote:

> 
> > There is a missing piece.
> > 
> 
> There are too many pieces:  Namely CDNs like Akamai freeflow streaming.
> /a

Too many non-standard pieces that do not leverage multicast.

Greg

> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> 


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  9 12:55:56 2003
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 10:51:41 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Alan Crosswell wrote:

> 
> > There is a missing piece.
> > 
> 
> There are too many pieces:  Namely CDNs like Akamai freeflow streaming.
> /a

Too many non-standard pieces that do not leverage multicast.

Greg

> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> 


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  9 16:49:12 2003
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 13:47:33 -0700


	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
	same. 

	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
	generality. 

	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
	user space encap) to that router and ...

	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
	supported by the directly connected routers? 

	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
	more general way than is done in these drafts.

	Dave

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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 13:47:33 -0700


	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
	same. 

	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
	generality. 

	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
	user space encap) to that router and ...

	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
	supported by the directly connected routers? 

	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
	more general way than is done in these drafts.

	Dave

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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:07:34 -0700

>> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
>> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
>> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
>> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
>> 	user space encap) to that router and ...

    Are you suggesting to use RSVP?

Dino

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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 15:56:57 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> 
> 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> 	same. 
> 
> 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> 	generality. 

Agreed.
 
> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> 	user space encap) to that router and ...

Well, that is quite similar (from a straw prospective) to what I'd
like. My personal preference is for user-space so it could be easily
deployed. But why not just translate the destination address? You know the
receiver address so change the destination address of the replicated mcast
stream for each unicast reciever. No encap, no decap, no fragmentation.

The trouble has been that many of the proposal seem to get mired in
'features' outside of a routed infrastructure, or steers toward a biz-plan
of deploying special-purpose boxes (reading between the lines..).

> 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> 	maybe). 

IGMP sure.. but its link-local. IF IGMP (and PIM as well) were capable of
multi-hop signalling from the beginning, we wouldn't have this gap.

>       So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> 	supported by the directly connected routers? 

Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?

> 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> 	more general way than is done in these drafts.

And I hope to use the BOF to set some direction.

Greg

> 	Dave
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> 


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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:12:55 -0700

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:07:34PM -0700, Dino Farinacci wrote:
>> >> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
>> >> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
>> >> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
>> >> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
>> >> 	user space encap) to that router and ...
>> 
>>     Are you suggesting to use RSVP?

	Not really. Just wondering if there is a more general way
	to solve the problem (rather than cooking up a yet
	another special purpose solution for this case).  

	Dave

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>> >       So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
>> > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
>> > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
>> > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
>> 
>> Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?

	It would seem that the general form of this particular
	deployment problem is:

	   The router on directly the directly connected network,
	   or that router and some number of subsequent routers
	   in the path towards some resource, can't or won't do
	   <foo>. 

	Now, what is being discussed here is an instantiation
	<foo> for the special case of multicast (or in the case
	of a few of the drafts, even narrower: SSM). 

	Now, what happens when I have a different <foo>, say
	<bar>? Is what is the signaling built for <foo> useful
	useful when deploying <bar>, or do I have to go build
	the (new) <bar> signaling protocol?

	It's more a discussion about the Internet architecture
	(in general) and less about multicast, although if we
	could build something general, instantiating it with
	this case (multicast) would be nice example.

	Does that help?

	Dave

 

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> David Meyer wrote:
>
> > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > 	user space encap) to that router and ...

Greg Shepherd wrote:
=20
> Well, that is quite similar (from a straw prospective) to what I'd
> like. My personal preference is for user-space so it could be easily
> deployed. But why not just translate the destination address?=20
> You know the
> receiver address so change the destination address of the=20
> replicated mcast
> stream for each unicast reciever. No encap, no decap, no=20
> fragmentation.

Not sure what problem we are trying to solve here. If it's the problem =
of end users being able to accept Class D packets, then this won't work =
unless IGMP is changed slightly. That is, the multicast-enabled router =
currently does NOT have a complete list of every member of the group. =
Because IGMP allows hosts on any given subnet to not send a report if =
they've heard someone else already respond to the router's query with a =
join report for their group. So to translate the Class D address to a =
unicast address, and replicate the packet, would need a slight mod to =
IGMP. But if that's a goal, I agree with Greg.

If we're trying simply to get a good count of membership, the same basic =
problem exists.

But I would think the fix is simple enough, although it makes IGMP or =
multicasting in general somewhat less scalable. Just make every host =
member of the multicast group respond with a report. You could even use =
the router's unique IP address to respond, rather than the multicast =
address.

If there's a need to have the source of the multicast get a current =
membership total, each router can in turn provide membership totals to =
the source address of the multicast. This still scales better than =
having individual hosts reply to the source!

My vote would be to allow IGMP reports to be sent by EACH member, but to =
still use the multicast address in the packets to the each host member. =
And to have the multicast routers close the gap to the source, rather =
than each end user.

Somehow, it hurts (me) to see RSVP signaling used as a replacement for =
IGMP.

Bert

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> David Meyer wrote:
>
> > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > 	user space encap) to that router and ...

Greg Shepherd wrote:
=20
> Well, that is quite similar (from a straw prospective) to what I'd
> like. My personal preference is for user-space so it could be easily
> deployed. But why not just translate the destination address?=20
> You know the
> receiver address so change the destination address of the=20
> replicated mcast
> stream for each unicast reciever. No encap, no decap, no=20
> fragmentation.

Not sure what problem we are trying to solve here. If it's the problem =
of end users being able to accept Class D packets, then this won't work =
unless IGMP is changed slightly. That is, the multicast-enabled router =
currently does NOT have a complete list of every member of the group. =
Because IGMP allows hosts on any given subnet to not send a report if =
they've heard someone else already respond to the router's query with a =
join report for their group. So to translate the Class D address to a =
unicast address, and replicate the packet, would need a slight mod to =
IGMP. But if that's a goal, I agree with Greg.

If we're trying simply to get a good count of membership, the same basic =
problem exists.

But I would think the fix is simple enough, although it makes IGMP or =
multicasting in general somewhat less scalable. Just make every host =
member of the multicast group respond with a report. You could even use =
the router's unique IP address to respond, rather than the multicast =
address.

If there's a need to have the source of the multicast get a current =
membership total, each router can in turn provide membership totals to =
the source address of the multicast. This still scales better than =
having individual hosts reply to the source!

My vote would be to allow IGMP reports to be sent by EACH member, but to =
still use the multicast address in the packets to the each host member. =
And to have the multicast routers close the gap to the source, rather =
than each end user.

Somehow, it hurts (me) to see RSVP signaling used as a replacement for =
IGMP.

Bert

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To: Greg Shepherd <shep@procket.com>
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>> Yup, thanks. I understood the desire for a general purpose solution, but
>> wasn't clear whether you already had an example. I guess I was just being
>> hopefull. ;-)

	It turns out that you might be able to choose, depending
	on how much you want to implement in a host. RSVP is a
	signaling protocol that could be used to do this, and is
	extensible, and can be/is implemented in user space on
	the host side (an objective for the last mile work, as I
	understand it).

	Going to the other end spectrum you find things like the
	control plane specified in draft-ietf-l2tpext-l2tp-base*
	(L2TPv3 control plane). If you keep going you get to
	draft-kompella-mpls-l2vpn-*, and the like. 

	I'm really not advocating any solution at this
	point. What I was after was some more general thinking
	about the problem (in the event that turns out to be
	useful).  

	Dave


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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Radia Perlman - Boston Center for Networking <Radia.Perlman@Sun.COM>
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On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 05:29:54PM -0400, Radia Perlman - Boston Center for Networking wrote:
>> Dave Meyer said:
>> 
>> >>a more general way
>> >>	to solve the problem (rather than cooking up a yet
>> >>	another special purpose solution for this case).  
>> 
>> What do you mean by "more general way"? Something that would
>> be useful for more than multicast? Something that would be
>> useful for more than SSM style multicast?
>> 
>> I'm trying to get people to be specific rather
>> than using vague terms like "not architecturally pure" or "yet another
>> special purpose mechanism",
>> that sound pejorative, yet don't really convey information.

	Please accept my apology. I didn't mean or think anything
	like that.


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>> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
>> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
>> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
>> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
>> 	user space encap) to that router and ...

    Are you suggesting to use RSVP?

Dino

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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 15:56:57 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> 
> 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> 	same. 
> 
> 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> 	generality. 

Agreed.
 
> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> 	user space encap) to that router and ...

Well, that is quite similar (from a straw prospective) to what I'd
like. My personal preference is for user-space so it could be easily
deployed. But why not just translate the destination address? You know the
receiver address so change the destination address of the replicated mcast
stream for each unicast reciever. No encap, no decap, no fragmentation.

The trouble has been that many of the proposal seem to get mired in
'features' outside of a routed infrastructure, or steers toward a biz-plan
of deploying special-purpose boxes (reading between the lines..).

> 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> 	maybe). 

IGMP sure.. but its link-local. IF IGMP (and PIM as well) were capable of
multi-hop signalling from the beginning, we wouldn't have this gap.

>       So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> 	supported by the directly connected routers? 

Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?

> 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> 	more general way than is done in these drafts.

And I hope to use the BOF to set some direction.

Greg

> 	Dave
> 
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> 


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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:12:55 -0700

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:07:34PM -0700, Dino Farinacci wrote:
>> >> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
>> >> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
>> >> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
>> >> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
>> >> 	user space encap) to that router and ...
>> 
>>     Are you suggesting to use RSVP?

	Not really. Just wondering if there is a more general way
	to solve the problem (rather than cooking up a yet
	another special purpose solution for this case).  

	Dave

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>> >       So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
>> > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
>> > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
>> > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
>> 
>> Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?

	It would seem that the general form of this particular
	deployment problem is:

	   The router on directly the directly connected network,
	   or that router and some number of subsequent routers
	   in the path towards some resource, can't or won't do
	   <foo>. 

	Now, what is being discussed here is an instantiation
	<foo> for the special case of multicast (or in the case
	of a few of the drafts, even narrower: SSM). 

	Now, what happens when I have a different <foo>, say
	<bar>? Is what is the signaling built for <foo> useful
	useful when deploying <bar>, or do I have to go build
	the (new) <bar> signaling protocol?

	It's more a discussion about the Internet architecture
	(in general) and less about multicast, although if we
	could build something general, instantiating it with
	this case (multicast) would be nice example.

	Does that help?

	Dave

 

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On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 05:29:54PM -0400, Radia Perlman - Boston Center for Networking wrote:
>> Dave Meyer said:
>> 
>> >>a more general way
>> >>	to solve the problem (rather than cooking up a yet
>> >>	another special purpose solution for this case).  
>> 
>> What do you mean by "more general way"? Something that would
>> be useful for more than multicast? Something that would be
>> useful for more than SSM style multicast?
>> 
>> I'm trying to get people to be specific rather
>> than using vague terms like "not architecturally pure" or "yet another
>> special purpose mechanism",
>> that sound pejorative, yet don't really convey information.

	Please accept my apology. I didn't mean or think anything
	like that.


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>> Yup, thanks. I understood the desire for a general purpose solution, but
>> wasn't clear whether you already had an example. I guess I was just being
>> hopefull. ;-)

	It turns out that you might be able to choose, depending
	on how much you want to implement in a host. RSVP is a
	signaling protocol that could be used to do this, and is
	extensible, and can be/is implemented in user space on
	the host side (an objective for the last mile work, as I
	understand it).

	Going to the other end spectrum you find things like the
	control plane specified in draft-ietf-l2tpext-l2tp-base*
	(L2TPv3 control plane). If you keep going you get to
	draft-kompella-mpls-l2vpn-*, and the like. 

	I'm really not advocating any solution at this
	point. What I was after was some more general thinking
	about the problem (in the event that turns out to be
	useful).  

	Dave


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Date: Wed, 09 Jul 2003 17:30:39 -0500


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 03:20 PM 7/9/2003 -0700, Keyur Patel wrote:

>Single signaling infrastructure should work for SSM and ASM model. One 
>could use well known anycast address to direct all the control traffic to 
>a specific location within a network.
>
>-Keyur

...or towards an IPv6 embedded RP address.  (Hi Pakkola!)

Earlier, Lenny wrote:

>Making the source host a tunnel endpoint is already supported.  This is
>called unicast.

Yes, at Layer 3.  But not at Layer 4 and higher.  The people I work with 
care about Layer 4 (and above).  More generally, I predict that enabling 
the Layer 4 service will drive deployment at Layer 3 and below.

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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Date: Wed, 09 Jul 2003 17:30:39 -0500


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

At 03:20 PM 7/9/2003 -0700, Keyur Patel wrote:

>Single signaling infrastructure should work for SSM and ASM model. One 
>could use well known anycast address to direct all the control traffic to 
>a specific location within a network.
>
>-Keyur

...or towards an IPv6 embedded RP address.  (Hi Pakkola!)

Earlier, Lenny wrote:

>Making the source host a tunnel endpoint is already supported.  This is
>called unicast.

Yes, at Layer 3.  But not at Layer 4 and higher.  The people I work with 
care about Layer 4 (and above).  More generally, I predict that enabling 
the Layer 4 service will drive deployment at Layer 3 and below.

===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> 
> It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.

Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.

The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.

  Bill

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On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> 
> It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.

Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.

The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.

  Bill

_______________________________________________
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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  9 20:10:33 2003
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        mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu, mtp@shepfarm.com,
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same 
In-Reply-To: Message from Lorenzo Vicisano <lorenzo@cisco.com> 
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Date: Wed, 09 Jul 2003 17:08:47 -0700

In message <20030709150622.F1057@cisco.com> you write:
>On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:52:46PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
>> On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:
>> 
>> > On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
>> > > 
>> > > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
>> > > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
>> > 
>> > one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
>> > receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
>> > routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
>> > statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
>> > sufficient.
>> 
>> so why can't I just send an s,g join towards s using pim instead of nicely 
>> using igmp to get my first hop router to do it for me?
>
>because you, the host, would have to have routing information to find
>out who the 1st hop towards the source is... you would also have to
>take part to the PIM routing protocol to find out who's responsible to
>forward in your lan for that source.
>
>	Lorenzo

More than that, routers are particular about the state they keep and
who they exchange routing information with. Running PIM on the hosts
is a fast way to get PIM turned off on the routers.


I won't be at the BOF so here are some suggestions I would like to see
come out of this work:

1. I don't think we should throw out the idea of a new signaling protocol
   too quickly. If we can reuse someone else's packet formats, then
   great but the characteristics of the signaling should be decided first
   and then we can determine if an existing protocol will fit our needs.

   The characteristics I would like to see are:

   a. Host application can send join requests without any special
      privileges on the largest variety of operating systems. This
      speeds deployment and puts users in control without having to
      get approval from Administrators. This dictates that the
      protocol be UDP or TCP based.

   b. A server or router listening to these join requests should not
      have to guess what type of join this is. The server may be doing
      encapsulation or it may be doing header rewriting (translating
      from multicast to unicast). It needs to know how many "users" it
      can handle and know if resources become limited that it can drop
      these hosts instead of dropping something like real multicast
      PIM neighbor adjacencies which will affect many "users".

      A way to clearly distinguish this application is essential if
      you want router/switch vendors to be willing to replicate or
      accept tunnel requests at the edge of your network.

2. Don't make encapsulation a requirement.

   This complicates the host implementation requiring it to decapsulate.
   While this may be one way to get the multicast to the hosts,
   simply having servers sit at the edge of a network and replicating
   a multicast stream to a bunch of hosts by replacing the multicast
   destination address with the hosts unicast address eliminates
   much complication from the host application. It simply sees a
   regular UDP unicast stream coming in.

3. The address the join is sent to should be specified the same way
   as the group and the source address is learned. This will likely be
   in the SDP description. The join address may in fact be the source,
   or it may be an anycast address or some other invention. But we're
   free to try different approaches and we don't lock ourselves in.

4. The join should use the router alert option in the IP header.
   This will allow routers along the path from the receiver to
   the source to process the unicast join or send it to a server
   it knows about.

Lets nail down some more requirements of the signaling protocol
and then decide if we need to invent something new or we can
reuse some existing mechanism.

Thanks,
Tom

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To: Lorenzo Vicisano <lorenzo@cisco.com>
cc: Joel Jaeggli <joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu>, wg-multicast@internet2.edu,
        mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu, mtp@shepfarm.com,
        routing-discussion@ietf.org, pusateri@juniper.net
Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same 
In-Reply-To: Message from Lorenzo Vicisano <lorenzo@cisco.com> 
   of "Wed, 09 Jul 2003 15:06:22 PDT." <20030709150622.F1057@cisco.com> 
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Date: Wed, 09 Jul 2003 17:08:47 -0700

In message <20030709150622.F1057@cisco.com> you write:
>On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:52:46PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
>> On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:
>> 
>> > On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
>> > > 
>> > > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
>> > > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
>> > 
>> > one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
>> > receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
>> > routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
>> > statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
>> > sufficient.
>> 
>> so why can't I just send an s,g join towards s using pim instead of nicely 
>> using igmp to get my first hop router to do it for me?
>
>because you, the host, would have to have routing information to find
>out who the 1st hop towards the source is... you would also have to
>take part to the PIM routing protocol to find out who's responsible to
>forward in your lan for that source.
>
>	Lorenzo

More than that, routers are particular about the state they keep and
who they exchange routing information with. Running PIM on the hosts
is a fast way to get PIM turned off on the routers.


I won't be at the BOF so here are some suggestions I would like to see
come out of this work:

1. I don't think we should throw out the idea of a new signaling protocol
   too quickly. If we can reuse someone else's packet formats, then
   great but the characteristics of the signaling should be decided first
   and then we can determine if an existing protocol will fit our needs.

   The characteristics I would like to see are:

   a. Host application can send join requests without any special
      privileges on the largest variety of operating systems. This
      speeds deployment and puts users in control without having to
      get approval from Administrators. This dictates that the
      protocol be UDP or TCP based.

   b. A server or router listening to these join requests should not
      have to guess what type of join this is. The server may be doing
      encapsulation or it may be doing header rewriting (translating
      from multicast to unicast). It needs to know how many "users" it
      can handle and know if resources become limited that it can drop
      these hosts instead of dropping something like real multicast
      PIM neighbor adjacencies which will affect many "users".

      A way to clearly distinguish this application is essential if
      you want router/switch vendors to be willing to replicate or
      accept tunnel requests at the edge of your network.

2. Don't make encapsulation a requirement.

   This complicates the host implementation requiring it to decapsulate.
   While this may be one way to get the multicast to the hosts,
   simply having servers sit at the edge of a network and replicating
   a multicast stream to a bunch of hosts by replacing the multicast
   destination address with the hosts unicast address eliminates
   much complication from the host application. It simply sees a
   regular UDP unicast stream coming in.

3. The address the join is sent to should be specified the same way
   as the group and the source address is learned. This will likely be
   in the SDP description. The join address may in fact be the source,
   or it may be an anycast address or some other invention. But we're
   free to try different approaches and we don't lock ourselves in.

4. The join should use the router alert option in the IP header.
   This will allow routers along the path from the receiver to
   the source to process the unicast join or send it to a server
   it knows about.

Lets nail down some more requirements of the signaling protocol
and then decide if we need to invent something new or we can
reuse some existing mechanism.

Thanks,
Tom

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From: "Naidu, Venkata" <Venkata.Naidu@Marconi.com>
To: "'Bill Fenner'" <fenner@research.att.com>, joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu
Cc: wg-multicast@internet2.edu, mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu,
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Subject: RE: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:34:18 -0400

-> From: Bill Fenner [mailto:fenner@research.att.com]
-> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
-> > 
-> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling 
-> mechanism had 
-> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
-> 
-> Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
-> would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
-> maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.
-> 
-> The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
-> the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
-> Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
-> routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
-> infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.

  Another good reason is based on end-to-end principle of the Internet. 
  Core of the Internet is best effort (was intended to be, at least). 
  If we would like to support quality of service, we are supposed
  to signal more parameters in the host<>router than router<>router
  to do admission control before entering the network. So, the 
  requirements are different (light weight, not so granular signalling 
  in the core etc) from user<>router interface to router<>router 
  interface.
  
  I am not sure how much (or, how) multicasting fits into such
  end-to-end signaling principle. If I have an HDTV and paid for
  premium VoD service, will I be getting better picture, sound
  quality than my neighbor who is subscribed to a basic service ?

Venkata.

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From: "Naidu, Venkata" <Venkata.Naidu@Marconi.com>
To: "'Bill Fenner'" <fenner@research.att.com>, joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu
Cc: wg-multicast@internet2.edu, mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu,
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:34:18 -0400

-> From: Bill Fenner [mailto:fenner@research.att.com]
-> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
-> > 
-> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling 
-> mechanism had 
-> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
-> 
-> Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
-> would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
-> maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.
-> 
-> The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
-> the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
-> Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
-> routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
-> infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.

  Another good reason is based on end-to-end principle of the Internet. 
  Core of the Internet is best effort (was intended to be, at least). 
  If we would like to support quality of service, we are supposed
  to signal more parameters in the host<>router than router<>router
  to do admission control before entering the network. So, the 
  requirements are different (light weight, not so granular signalling 
  in the core etc) from user<>router interface to router<>router 
  interface.
  
  I am not sure how much (or, how) multicasting fits into such
  end-to-end signaling principle. If I have an HDTV and paid for
  premium VoD service, will I be getting better picture, sound
  quality than my neighbor who is subscribed to a basic service ?

Venkata.

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 10:57:34 2003
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu
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Subject: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)?
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 07:56:12 -0700


	Here's something I've been discussing with the ADs
	(and hoping to learn the lessons of the MADDOGs
	"experience").  

	I put it on the mboned agenda, so we can also discuss this
	there. As always, comments greatly appreciated.

	Dave

---

        This note proposes the creation the Internet Multicast
	Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)
	function. The IMDOC, residing in mboned, will serve as
	the locus of documentation, cross-coordination, and
	oversight function for the muticast activity in the IETF
	at large, and will create two crucial missing pieces of
	the multicast puzzle: (i). A comprehensive IETF multicast
	framework document, and (ii). the Internet Multicast
	Reference Architecture (IMRA). Both are discussed briefly
	below.

	IMDOC documents will be published in the mboned working
	group and will:

	(i).	Provide a comprehensive framework document. This
		document will cover all multicast issues under
		consideration within IETF, and will provide a
		systematic way determining when new working
		groups are needed. 

	(ii).	Provide the Internet Multicast Reference
		Architecture document. Importantly, the IMRA will
		cover both intra and inter-domain multicast
		architectures.  

	(iii).	Outline domain-specific problem spaces (for
		example, as was done in mboned with
		draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt).   

        (iv).	Preserve the archival knowledge of what has
		worked and what hasn't, and why. This knowledge
		is currently folklore (or very ad hoc at best).   
 
	The IMDOC coordination and oversight functions will be
	organized by the mboned working group in conjunction with
	the appropriate working group chairs and area directors.

	The following list of areas (which are in scope for the
	IMDOC) is not intended to exhaustive, but rather to
	illustrate the requirement for oversight and
	coordination:   

	(i).	Addressing

		Including dynamic address assignment (malloc,
		etc), IANA issues (IPv4 and IPv6, e.g. RFC
		3171/BCP51), scoping mechanisms and
		methodologies, multicast address derivation
		(e.g. RFCs 2770 and 3138) and Unicast Based
		Addresses (IPv6).    

	(ii).	Source discovery

		Including in-band source discovery methods such as
		BSR (which touches pim) and embedded RP (which
		touches ipv6)), and out-of-band mechanisms such
		as proposed for SSM (which touches ssm), and
		their associated applications and APIs (which
		touches mmusic). Examples of documents in this
		area include RFC 3569.

	(iii).	Security    

		Including key exchange (which touches msec), and
		data encryption (which touches ipsec), as well as
		the general problem of a security architecture
		for multicast.

	(iv).	L2 aliasing

		For example, 802.x (which touches ipoib and
		others), IGMP/MLD Snooping, CGMP, PIM Snooping,
		and RGMP (which touches on MAGMA).

	(v).	Routing

                For example, BGP4+ and associated extensions
		which effect multicast, Multi-Topology IGPs. 

	(vi).	Forwarding

		Including discussions on all PIM forwarding
		modes, DVMPR, CBT, etc.  Also includes issues
		associated with RP mapping approached for PIM-SM,
		and general discussions on ASM vs. SSM models
		(covering bidirectional and unidirectional status
		as well)

	(vii).	Reliable Transport

		Including discussions on RMT generated building
		blocks as well as issues associated with
		PGM. Covers FEC, CC, etc. 

	(viii).	Session Control

		Will include issues associated with source and
		receiver control, example MSNIP, RTS/CTS issues,
		floor-control, etc.

	(ix).	Application Layer Issues

		Examples include BCPs for writing multicast
		applications (e.g. RFC 3170), discussions on
		default address use, traffic patterns (example
		implications of bursty traffic, low frequency
		traffic), and APIs for SSM.

	(x).	Tunneling
		
		Including any potential new dynamic tunneling
		proposals which come from Last Mile Multicast, etc.

	(xi).	VPN
		
		Both L2 (pwe3, l2vpn), and L3 (ppvpn, l3vpn)

        

	


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 10:57:34 2003
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu
Cc: wg-multicast@internet2.edu, mtp@shepfarm.com, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)?
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 07:56:12 -0700


	Here's something I've been discussing with the ADs
	(and hoping to learn the lessons of the MADDOGs
	"experience").  

	I put it on the mboned agenda, so we can also discuss this
	there. As always, comments greatly appreciated.

	Dave

---

        This note proposes the creation the Internet Multicast
	Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)
	function. The IMDOC, residing in mboned, will serve as
	the locus of documentation, cross-coordination, and
	oversight function for the muticast activity in the IETF
	at large, and will create two crucial missing pieces of
	the multicast puzzle: (i). A comprehensive IETF multicast
	framework document, and (ii). the Internet Multicast
	Reference Architecture (IMRA). Both are discussed briefly
	below.

	IMDOC documents will be published in the mboned working
	group and will:

	(i).	Provide a comprehensive framework document. This
		document will cover all multicast issues under
		consideration within IETF, and will provide a
		systematic way determining when new working
		groups are needed. 

	(ii).	Provide the Internet Multicast Reference
		Architecture document. Importantly, the IMRA will
		cover both intra and inter-domain multicast
		architectures.  

	(iii).	Outline domain-specific problem spaces (for
		example, as was done in mboned with
		draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt).   

        (iv).	Preserve the archival knowledge of what has
		worked and what hasn't, and why. This knowledge
		is currently folklore (or very ad hoc at best).   
 
	The IMDOC coordination and oversight functions will be
	organized by the mboned working group in conjunction with
	the appropriate working group chairs and area directors.

	The following list of areas (which are in scope for the
	IMDOC) is not intended to exhaustive, but rather to
	illustrate the requirement for oversight and
	coordination:   

	(i).	Addressing

		Including dynamic address assignment (malloc,
		etc), IANA issues (IPv4 and IPv6, e.g. RFC
		3171/BCP51), scoping mechanisms and
		methodologies, multicast address derivation
		(e.g. RFCs 2770 and 3138) and Unicast Based
		Addresses (IPv6).    

	(ii).	Source discovery

		Including in-band source discovery methods such as
		BSR (which touches pim) and embedded RP (which
		touches ipv6)), and out-of-band mechanisms such
		as proposed for SSM (which touches ssm), and
		their associated applications and APIs (which
		touches mmusic). Examples of documents in this
		area include RFC 3569.

	(iii).	Security    

		Including key exchange (which touches msec), and
		data encryption (which touches ipsec), as well as
		the general problem of a security architecture
		for multicast.

	(iv).	L2 aliasing

		For example, 802.x (which touches ipoib and
		others), IGMP/MLD Snooping, CGMP, PIM Snooping,
		and RGMP (which touches on MAGMA).

	(v).	Routing

                For example, BGP4+ and associated extensions
		which effect multicast, Multi-Topology IGPs. 

	(vi).	Forwarding

		Including discussions on all PIM forwarding
		modes, DVMPR, CBT, etc.  Also includes issues
		associated with RP mapping approached for PIM-SM,
		and general discussions on ASM vs. SSM models
		(covering bidirectional and unidirectional status
		as well)

	(vii).	Reliable Transport

		Including discussions on RMT generated building
		blocks as well as issues associated with
		PGM. Covers FEC, CC, etc. 

	(viii).	Session Control

		Will include issues associated with source and
		receiver control, example MSNIP, RTS/CTS issues,
		floor-control, etc.

	(ix).	Application Layer Issues

		Examples include BCPs for writing multicast
		applications (e.g. RFC 3170), discussions on
		default address use, traffic patterns (example
		implications of bursty traffic, low frequency
		traffic), and APIs for SSM.

	(x).	Tunneling
		
		Including any potential new dynamic tunneling
		proposals which come from Last Mile Multicast, etc.

	(xi).	VPN
		
		Both L2 (pwe3, l2vpn), and L3 (ppvpn, l3vpn)

        

	


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 11:16:37 2003
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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>except that it's hasn't in practice because we have two things that w e 
>than have to evolve in parallel.

Indeed.  However, look at how long it's taking to get from IGMPv2 to IGMPv3
stacks.  At the time that IGMPv2 was the "sweet spot" of IGMP, i.e. the
time that all that implementation and deployment was happening, DVMRP was
the "sweet spot" of routing protocols -- PIM was this bright new opportunity
poking its head over the horizon and MOSPF was much more well developed.

If the host<>router communication was the routing protocol, all of the
end routers would *still* be trying to talk DVMRP to the hosts, and there
would be a tiny minority that talked PIM, even though PIM is ubiquitous
in the network and there are no significant bits of DVMRP routing.

Now, just because it made sense in the past doesn't mean that it still
makes sense now -- maybe PIM is the end-all and be-all and that's all we
should care about.  But it seems unlikely to me that
a) revving routing protocols in the host is any easier than revving IGMP
   in the host.
b) PIM is the only routing protocol we ever want to have.

Maybe the problem with IGMP was that it was implemented in the kernel,
and we should have let the kernel collect the membership information,
reference-count sockets and program the multicast filter and such but
then it should have notified a daemon of the memberships and the daemon
could talk whatever protocol is needed.

  Bill

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 11:16:38 2003
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>except that it's hasn't in practice because we have two things that w e 
>than have to evolve in parallel.

Indeed.  However, look at how long it's taking to get from IGMPv2 to IGMPv3
stacks.  At the time that IGMPv2 was the "sweet spot" of IGMP, i.e. the
time that all that implementation and deployment was happening, DVMRP was
the "sweet spot" of routing protocols -- PIM was this bright new opportunity
poking its head over the horizon and MOSPF was much more well developed.

If the host<>router communication was the routing protocol, all of the
end routers would *still* be trying to talk DVMRP to the hosts, and there
would be a tiny minority that talked PIM, even though PIM is ubiquitous
in the network and there are no significant bits of DVMRP routing.

Now, just because it made sense in the past doesn't mean that it still
makes sense now -- maybe PIM is the end-all and be-all and that's all we
should care about.  But it seems unlikely to me that
a) revving routing protocols in the host is any easier than revving IGMP
   in the host.
b) PIM is the only routing protocol we ever want to have.

Maybe the problem with IGMP was that it was implemented in the kernel,
and we should have let the kernel collect the membership information,
reference-count sockets and program the multicast filter and such but
then it should have notified a daemon of the memberships and the daemon
could talk whatever protocol is needed.

  Bill

_______________________________________________
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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 12:11:46 2003
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 17:29:54 -0400 (EDT)

Dave Meyer said:

>>a more general way
>>	to solve the problem (rather than cooking up a yet
>>	another special purpose solution for this case).  

What do you mean by "more general way"? Something that would
be useful for more than multicast? Something that would be
useful for more than SSM style multicast?

I'm trying to get people to be specific rather
than using vague terms like "not architecturally pure" or "yet another
special purpose mechanism",
that sound pejorative, yet don't really convey information.

And Joel said:

>>It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
>>to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.

Yes, I agree with this. The fewer protocols that need to be defined, the
better.


Radia


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 12:11:46 2003
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:52:46 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:

> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> > 
> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> 
> one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
> receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
> routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
> statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
> sufficient.

so why can't I just send an s,g join towards s using pim instead of nicely 
using igmp to get my first hop router to do it for me?
 
> 	Lorenzo
> 
> > 
> > 
> > On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> > 
> > > 
> > > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > > 	same. 
> > > 
> > > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > > 	generality. 
> > > 
> > > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > > 
> > > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > > 
> > > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > > 
> > > 	Dave
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Mtp mailing list
> > > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > 
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:17:38 -0700 (PDT)


It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.


On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> 
> 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> 	same. 
> 
> 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> 	generality. 
> 
> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> 
> 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> 
> 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> 
> 	Dave
> _______________________________________________
> Mtp mailing list
> Mtp@shepfarm.com
> http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



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On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> >> >       So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> >> > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> >> > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> >> > 	supported by the directly connected routers?
> >>
> >> Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?
>
> 	It would seem that the general form of this particular
> 	deployment problem is:
>
> 	   The router on directly the directly connected network,
> 	   or that router and some number of subsequent routers
> 	   in the path towards some resource, can't or won't do
> 	   <foo>.
>
> 	Now, what is being discussed here is an instantiation
> 	<foo> for the special case of multicast (or in the case
> 	of a few of the drafts, even narrower: SSM).
>
> 	Now, what happens when I have a different <foo>, say
> 	<bar>? Is what is the signaling built for <foo> useful
> 	useful when deploying <bar>, or do I have to go build
> 	the (new) <bar> signaling protocol?
>
> 	It's more a discussion about the Internet architecture
> 	(in general) and less about multicast, although if we
> 	could build something general, instantiating it with
> 	this case (multicast) would be nice example.
>
> 	Does that help?

Yup, thanks. I understood the desire for a general purpose solution, but
wasn't clear whether you already had an example. I guess I was just being
hopefull. ;-)

Thanks again,
Greg

> 	Dave
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Mtp mailing list
> Mtp@shepfarm.com
> http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
>


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Dave:


David Meyer wrote:

>>>>      So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
>>>>	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
>>>>	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
>>>>	supported by the directly connected routers? 
>>>>
Single signaling infrastructure should work for SSM and ASM model. One 
could use well known anycast address to direct all the control traffic 
to a specific location within a network.

-Keyur

>>>>        
>>>>
>>>Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?
>>>      
>>>
>
>	It would seem that the general form of this particular
>	deployment problem is:
>
>	   The router on directly the directly connected network,
>	   or that router and some number of subsequent routers
>	   in the path towards some resource, can't or won't do
>	   <foo>. 
>
>	Now, what is being discussed here is an instantiation
>	<foo> for the special case of multicast (or in the case
>	of a few of the drafts, even narrower: SSM). 
>  
>
>	Now, what happens when I have a different <foo>, say
>	<bar>? Is what is the signaling built for <foo> useful
>	useful when deploying <bar>, or do I have to go build
>	the (new) <bar> signaling protocol?
>
>	It's more a discussion about the Internet architecture
>	(in general) and less about multicast, although if we
>	could build something general, instantiating it with
>	this case (multicast) would be nice example.
>
>	Does that help?
>
>	Dave
>
> 
>_______________________________________________
>Mtp mailing list
>Mtp@shepfarm.com
>http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
>
>  
>



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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 17:29:54 -0400 (EDT)

Dave Meyer said:

>>a more general way
>>	to solve the problem (rather than cooking up a yet
>>	another special purpose solution for this case).  

What do you mean by "more general way"? Something that would
be useful for more than multicast? Something that would be
useful for more than SSM style multicast?

I'm trying to get people to be specific rather
than using vague terms like "not architecturally pure" or "yet another
special purpose mechanism",
that sound pejorative, yet don't really convey information.

And Joel said:

>>It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
>>to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.

Yes, I agree with this. The fewer protocols that need to be defined, the
better.


Radia


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From: Lorenzo Vicisano <lorenzo@cisco.com>
To: Joel Jaeggli <joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu>
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:28:20 -0700

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> 
> It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.

one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
sufficient.

	Lorenzo

> 
> 
> On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> 
> > 
> > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > 	same. 
> > 
> > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > 	generality. 
> > 
> > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > 
> > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > 
> > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > 
> > 	Dave
> > _______________________________________________
> > Mtp mailing list
> > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > 
> 
> -- 
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
>   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
>   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
>   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> 

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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:52:46 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:

> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> > 
> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> 
> one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
> receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
> routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
> statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
> sufficient.

so why can't I just send an s,g join towards s using pim instead of nicely 
using igmp to get my first hop router to do it for me?
 
> 	Lorenzo
> 
> > 
> > 
> > On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> > 
> > > 
> > > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > > 	same. 
> > > 
> > > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > > 	generality. 
> > > 
> > > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > > 
> > > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > > 
> > > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > > 
> > > 	Dave
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Mtp mailing list
> > > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > 
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same 
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 12:02:01 -0400 (EDT)

Re Tom Pusateri's note:

>the characteristics of the signaling should be decided first
>and then we can determine if an existing protocol will fit our needs.
Yes, exactly!
	
	   The characteristics I would like to see are:
	
	   a. Host application can send join requests without any special
	      privileges on the largest variety of operating systems. This
	      speeds deployment and puts users in control without having to
	      get approval from Administrators. This dictates that the
	      protocol be UDP or TCP based.

Can an application send a UDP or TCP based packet with router alert
in the IP header without special privileges?

I believe the packet needs to have router alert on in order for it to
have destination address=a unicast address (so non-multicast routers
will forward it normally). If router alert needs to be on, then
I suspect the daemon will have to have privileges on the host, and
there's no reason for a UDP or TCP header since it will have to
be using raw sockets.

	2. Don't make encapsulation a requirement.
	
	   This complicates the host implementation requiring it to decapsulate.
	   While this may be one way to get the multicast to the hosts,
	   simply having servers sit at the edge of a network and replicating
	   a multicast stream to a bunch of hosts by replacing the multicast
	   destination address with the hosts unicast address eliminates
	   much complication from the host application. It simply sees a
	   regular UDP unicast stream coming in.

Perhaps, though you can't simply remove "G" from the header. It has to
be preserved somewhere. So perhaps data should have a multicast header
after or instead of the UDP header that contains G, the tree root perhaps,
whatever else might be considered important.  And then the encoding need
not be IP in IP tunneling.

	
	3. The address the join is sent to should be specified the same way
	   as the group and the source address is learned. This will likely be
	   in the SDP description. The join address may in fact be the source,
	   or it may be an anycast address or some other invention. But we're
	   free to try different approaches and we don't lock ourselves in.
If the group is (S,G) then that meets what you're saying. If the group
is just G, then there could be a global constant anycast address (and
you have to make sure someone in your domain is advertising that address).
Or perhaps it could be a configuration parameter on the endnode (what anycast
address to use for joining groups in general (even SSM groups), or specifically
just for ASM groups.
	
	4. The join should use the router alert option in the IP header.
	   This will allow routers along the path from the receiver to
	   the source to process the unicast join or send it to a server
	   it knows about.
Ah yes. That was why I thought it would have to be raw sockets, and not
just an unprivileged UDP/TCP application. So is this in fact possible?

Radia


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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Dave:


David Meyer wrote:

>>>>      So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
>>>>	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
>>>>	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
>>>>	supported by the directly connected routers? 
>>>>
Single signaling infrastructure should work for SSM and ASM model. One 
could use well known anycast address to direct all the control traffic 
to a specific location within a network.

-Keyur

>>>>        
>>>>
>>>Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?
>>>      
>>>
>
>	It would seem that the general form of this particular
>	deployment problem is:
>
>	   The router on directly the directly connected network,
>	   or that router and some number of subsequent routers
>	   in the path towards some resource, can't or won't do
>	   <foo>. 
>
>	Now, what is being discussed here is an instantiation
>	<foo> for the special case of multicast (or in the case
>	of a few of the drafts, even narrower: SSM). 
>  
>
>	Now, what happens when I have a different <foo>, say
>	<bar>? Is what is the signaling built for <foo> useful
>	useful when deploying <bar>, or do I have to go build
>	the (new) <bar> signaling protocol?
>
>	It's more a discussion about the Internet architecture
>	(in general) and less about multicast, although if we
>	could build something general, instantiating it with
>	this case (multicast) would be nice example.
>
>	Does that help?
>
>	Dave
>
> 
>_______________________________________________
>Mtp mailing list
>Mtp@shepfarm.com
>http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
>
>  
>



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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 16:52:24 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:
> 
> because you, the host, would have to have routing information to find
> out who the 1st hop towards the source is...

Do situations exist where a host that isn't running an igp or egp has 
multiple first hop routers available on the interface that it's default 
route is pointing out (excluding the special case of hsrp)?

> you would also have to
> take part to the PIM routing protocol to find out who's responsible to
> forward in your lan for that source.

yes

> 	Lorenzo
> 
> >  
> > > 	Lorenzo
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > > > > 	same. 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > > > > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > > > > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > > > > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > > > > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > > > > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > > > > 	generality. 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > > > > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > > > > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > > > > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > > > > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > > > > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > > > > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > > > > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > > > > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > > > > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > > > > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	Dave
> > > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > > Mtp mailing list
> > > > > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > > > > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > -- 
> > > > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > > > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > > > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> > > >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> > > >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> > > >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > > > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > 
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 12:32:39 2003
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Dave,

Sounds great and a brief question below.

> (ix). Application Layer Issues
>
> Examples include BCPs for writing multicast
> applications (e.g. RFC 3170), discussions on
> default address use, traffic patterns (example
> implications of bursty traffic, low frequency
> traffic), and APIs for SSM.
>
> (x). Tunneling
>
> Including any potential new dynamic tunneling
> proposals which come from Last Mile Multicast, etc.
>

Don't we need to include Overlay Multicast (or Application-Level Multicast)
as an example ?
I think it could be considered as an enhancement of the traditional IP
multicast model, and
it may also address the tunneling issue described above.

Overlay multicast may be considered as an inter-domain multicast scheme, in
which
each domain uses ASM or SSM, and the unicast (tunnelled or not) will be used
between different domains.
In overlay multicast model, the control (or signaling) messages will be
based on the UDP/TCP transport.

Thanks,

Seok J. Koh

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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 01:26:47 +0900
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Dave,

Sounds great and a brief question below.

> (ix). Application Layer Issues
>
> Examples include BCPs for writing multicast
> applications (e.g. RFC 3170), discussions on
> default address use, traffic patterns (example
> implications of bursty traffic, low frequency
> traffic), and APIs for SSM.
>
> (x). Tunneling
>
> Including any potential new dynamic tunneling
> proposals which come from Last Mile Multicast, etc.
>

Don't we need to include Overlay Multicast (or Application-Level Multicast)
as an example ?
I think it could be considered as an enhancement of the traditional IP
multicast model, and
it may also address the tunneling issue described above.

Overlay multicast may be considered as an inter-domain multicast scheme, in
which
each domain uses ASM or SSM, and the unicast (tunnelled or not) will be used
between different domains.
In overlay multicast model, the control (or signaling) messages will be
based on the UDP/TCP transport.

Thanks,

Seok J. Koh

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From: Dave Price <dave.price@aber.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)? 
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 16:26:30 +0100

Dear All,


dmm@1-4-5.net said:
> Here's something I've been discussing with the ADs
> 	(and hoping to learn the lessons of the MADDOGs
> 	"experience").  
> 	I put it on the mboned agenda, so we can also discuss this
> 	there. As always, comments greatly appreciated. 

excellent. I'll not be at the meeting, but this proposal
strikes me as a really good idea.

Dave Price
-- 
Dave Price, Technical Director, Telematics Group
Email: dap@aber.ac.uk PHONE: +44 1970 622428 FAX: +44 1970 622455
Post: Computer Science, University of Wales,
      Penglais, Aberystwyth, WALES, UK, SY23 3DB.



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From: Dave Price <dave.price@aber.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)? 
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 16:26:30 +0100

Dear All,


dmm@1-4-5.net said:
> Here's something I've been discussing with the ADs
> 	(and hoping to learn the lessons of the MADDOGs
> 	"experience").  
> 	I put it on the mboned agenda, so we can also discuss this
> 	there. As always, comments greatly appreciated. 

excellent. I'll not be at the meeting, but this proposal
strikes me as a really good idea.

Dave Price
-- 
Dave Price, Technical Director, Telematics Group
Email: dap@aber.ac.uk PHONE: +44 1970 622428 FAX: +44 1970 622455
Post: Computer Science, University of Wales,
      Penglais, Aberystwyth, WALES, UK, SY23 3DB.



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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 13:01:06 2003
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 17:28:42 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Bill Fenner wrote:

> 
> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> > 
> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> 
> Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
> would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
> maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.
> 
> The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
> the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
> Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
> routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
> infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.

except that it's hasn't in practice because we have two things that w e 
than have to evolve in parallel.
 
>   Bill
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 17:28:42 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Bill Fenner wrote:

> 
> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> > 
> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> 
> Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
> would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
> maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.
> 
> The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
> the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
> Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
> routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
> infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.

except that it's hasn't in practice because we have two things that w e 
than have to evolve in parallel.
 
>   Bill
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



_______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:29:09 -0700 (PDT)



On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> >> >       So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> >> > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> >> > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> >> > 	supported by the directly connected routers?
> >>
> >> Sorry, I don't follow.. Can you clarify?
>
> 	It would seem that the general form of this particular
> 	deployment problem is:
>
> 	   The router on directly the directly connected network,
> 	   or that router and some number of subsequent routers
> 	   in the path towards some resource, can't or won't do
> 	   <foo>.
>
> 	Now, what is being discussed here is an instantiation
> 	<foo> for the special case of multicast (or in the case
> 	of a few of the drafts, even narrower: SSM).
>
> 	Now, what happens when I have a different <foo>, say
> 	<bar>? Is what is the signaling built for <foo> useful
> 	useful when deploying <bar>, or do I have to go build
> 	the (new) <bar> signaling protocol?
>
> 	It's more a discussion about the Internet architecture
> 	(in general) and less about multicast, although if we
> 	could build something general, instantiating it with
> 	this case (multicast) would be nice example.
>
> 	Does that help?

Yup, thanks. I understood the desire for a general purpose solution, but
wasn't clear whether you already had an example. I guess I was just being
hopefull. ;-)

Thanks again,
Greg

> 	Dave
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Mtp mailing list
> Mtp@shepfarm.com
> http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
>


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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:17:38 -0700 (PDT)


It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.


On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:

> 
> 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> 	same. 
> 
> 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> 	generality. 
> 
> 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> 
> 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> 
> 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> 
> 	Dave
> _______________________________________________
> Mtp mailing list
> Mtp@shepfarm.com
> http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 14:28:20 -0700

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> 
> It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.

one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
sufficient.

	Lorenzo

> 
> 
> On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> 
> > 
> > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > 	same. 
> > 
> > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > 	generality. 
> > 
> > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > 
> > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > 
> > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > 
> > 	Dave
> > _______________________________________________
> > Mtp mailing list
> > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > 
> 
> -- 
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
>   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
>   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
>   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> 

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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same 
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 12:02:01 -0400 (EDT)

Re Tom Pusateri's note:

>the characteristics of the signaling should be decided first
>and then we can determine if an existing protocol will fit our needs.
Yes, exactly!
	
	   The characteristics I would like to see are:
	
	   a. Host application can send join requests without any special
	      privileges on the largest variety of operating systems. This
	      speeds deployment and puts users in control without having to
	      get approval from Administrators. This dictates that the
	      protocol be UDP or TCP based.

Can an application send a UDP or TCP based packet with router alert
in the IP header without special privileges?

I believe the packet needs to have router alert on in order for it to
have destination address=a unicast address (so non-multicast routers
will forward it normally). If router alert needs to be on, then
I suspect the daemon will have to have privileges on the host, and
there's no reason for a UDP or TCP header since it will have to
be using raw sockets.

	2. Don't make encapsulation a requirement.
	
	   This complicates the host implementation requiring it to decapsulate.
	   While this may be one way to get the multicast to the hosts,
	   simply having servers sit at the edge of a network and replicating
	   a multicast stream to a bunch of hosts by replacing the multicast
	   destination address with the hosts unicast address eliminates
	   much complication from the host application. It simply sees a
	   regular UDP unicast stream coming in.

Perhaps, though you can't simply remove "G" from the header. It has to
be preserved somewhere. So perhaps data should have a multicast header
after or instead of the UDP header that contains G, the tree root perhaps,
whatever else might be considered important.  And then the encoding need
not be IP in IP tunneling.

	
	3. The address the join is sent to should be specified the same way
	   as the group and the source address is learned. This will likely be
	   in the SDP description. The join address may in fact be the source,
	   or it may be an anycast address or some other invention. But we're
	   free to try different approaches and we don't lock ourselves in.
If the group is (S,G) then that meets what you're saying. If the group
is just G, then there could be a global constant anycast address (and
you have to make sure someone in your domain is advertising that address).
Or perhaps it could be a configuration parameter on the endnode (what anycast
address to use for joining groups in general (even SSM groups), or specifically
just for ASM groups.
	
	4. The join should use the router alert option in the IP header.
	   This will allow routers along the path from the receiver to
	   the source to process the unicast join or send it to a server
	   it knows about.
Ah yes. That was why I thought it would have to be raw sockets, and not
just an unprivileged UDP/TCP application. So is this in fact possible?

Radia


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To: Joel Jaeggli <joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu>
Cc: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>, mtp@shepfarm.com,
        mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu, wg-multicast@internet2.edu,
        routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
Message-ID: <20030709150622.F1057@cisco.com>
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 15:06:22 -0700

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:52:46PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:
> 
> > On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> > > 
> > > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> > > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> > 
> > one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
> > receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
> > routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
> > statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
> > sufficient.
> 
> so why can't I just send an s,g join towards s using pim instead of nicely 
> using igmp to get my first hop router to do it for me?

because you, the host, would have to have routing information to find
out who the 1st hop towards the source is... you would also have to
take part to the PIM routing protocol to find out who's responsible to
forward in your lan for that source.

	Lorenzo

>  
> > 	Lorenzo
> > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > > > 	same. 
> > > > 
> > > > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > > > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > > > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > > > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > > > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > > > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > > > 	generality. 
> > > > 
> > > > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > > > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > > > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > > > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > > > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > > > 
> > > > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > > > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > > > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > > > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > > > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > > > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > > > 
> > > > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > > > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > > > 
> > > > 	Dave
> > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > Mtp mailing list
> > > > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > > > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > > > 
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> > >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> > >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> > >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > > 
> > 
> 
> -- 
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
>   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
>   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
>   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> 

_______________________________________________
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From: Lorenzo Vicisano <lorenzo@cisco.com>
To: Joel Jaeggli <joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu>
Cc: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>, mtp@shepfarm.com,
        mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu, wg-multicast@internet2.edu,
        routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
Message-ID: <20030709150622.F1057@cisco.com>
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 15:06:22 -0700

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:52:46PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:
> 
> > On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> > > 
> > > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling mechanism had 
> > > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> > 
> > one reason is because a host just needs to signal that is wants to
> > receive multicast on a link, while a router cooperates with other
> > routers to forward multicast in some optimized way. Hence the
> > statement "I want to receive from this link" is typically not
> > sufficient.
> 
> so why can't I just send an s,g join towards s using pim instead of nicely 
> using igmp to get my first hop router to do it for me?

because you, the host, would have to have routing information to find
out who the 1st hop towards the source is... you would also have to
take part to the PIM routing protocol to find out who's responsible to
forward in your lan for that source.

	Lorenzo

>  
> > 	Lorenzo
> > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > > > 	same. 
> > > > 
> > > > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > > > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > > > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > > > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > > > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > > > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > > > 	generality. 
> > > > 
> > > > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > > > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > > > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > > > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > > > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > > > 
> > > > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > > > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > > > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > > > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > > > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > > > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > > > 
> > > > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > > > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > > > 
> > > > 	Dave
> > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > Mtp mailing list
> > > > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > > > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > > > 
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> > >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> > >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> > >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > > 
> > 
> 
> -- 
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
>   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
>   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
>   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> 

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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From: Joel Jaeggli <joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu>
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To: Lorenzo Vicisano <lorenzo@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same
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Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2003 16:52:24 -0700 (PDT)

On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Lorenzo Vicisano wrote:
> 
> because you, the host, would have to have routing information to find
> out who the 1st hop towards the source is...

Do situations exist where a host that isn't running an igp or egp has 
multiple first hop routers available on the interface that it's default 
route is pointing out (excluding the special case of hsrp)?

> you would also have to
> take part to the PIM routing protocol to find out who's responsible to
> forward in your lan for that source.

yes

> 	Lorenzo
> 
> >  
> > > 	Lorenzo
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, David Meyer wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	I guess the more things change, the more they stay the
> > > > > 	same. 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	So another thing occurred to me while reading the
> > > > > 	Multicast Last-Mile Solutions drafts on Greg's site: Why
> > > > > 	are we defining yet another ad-hoc signaling protocol
> > > > > 	(that is one way to looks at these proposals)? The IETF
> > > > > 	literature is littered with signaling proposals, some
> > > > > 	host-based, some router-based, at varying degrees of
> > > > > 	generality. 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	Straw person: why not have the host send a PATH message
> > > > > 	towards the source (since it knows the source) and have
> > > > > 	the first multicast capable router in the path send back
> > > > > 	the its tunnel endpoint, have the host set up GRE (or
> > > > > 	user space encap) to that router and ...
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	What I am suggesting is we really don't have a general
> > > > > 	purpose host-to-router signaling protocol (well,
> > > > > 	maybe). So if we pick one of the current drafts (or a
> > > > > 	hybrid, or even new), will we have to build a new
> > > > > 	signaling infrastructure for the next feature not
> > > > > 	supported by the directly connected routers? 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	Seems like we should be able to answer this question in a
> > > > > 	more general way than is done in these drafts.
> > > > > 
> > > > > 	Dave
> > > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > > Mtp mailing list
> > > > > Mtp@shepfarm.com
> > > > > http://www.shepfarm.com/mailman/listinfo/mtp
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > -- 
> > > > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > > > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > > > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> > > >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> > > >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> > > >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > > > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> > Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
> > --    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
> >   In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
> >   resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
> >   inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
> > 	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"
> > 
> 

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Joel Jaeggli	      Academic User Services   joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu    
--    PGP Key Fingerprint: 1DE9 8FCA 51FB 4195 B42A 9C32 A30D 121E      --
  In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last
  resort of the scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but
  inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first.
	   	            -- Ambrose Bierce, "The Devil's Dictionary"



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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 09:59:06 +0100

so picking up on the _binding_ point, i see the 
last mile multicast as potentially similar to the
NAT traversal problem, especially for cases of last mile access kit
that are multicast atheistic....at least for one case 

(actually, quick aside-  its not just last mile, its last kilometer,
last foot, last meter etc - by which i mean there is a set of
solutions and we need to list all of them with their applicability,
pros and cons (e.g. acountabile, secure, performance, limits etc)

so continuing on NATTering:

given the last mile is not really a general case of a route for the
cases where mcast doesnt work, but is just a signaling problem and we
are talkign about wilful non use of igmp, then a stateful
multicast to unicast NAT solution in the router at the DSLAM or other
site is a possible one - 

of course, it also means the session advertisement (whatever mechansm
is used) must also be modified or enhanced as it flows towards edge
to include unicast - but that is often the job of newer application
aware nats anyhow, esp. if they are part of CDN stuff 
so while it entails changing a few things, the end app wouldnt have to
change at least for inbound/downlink - sending uplink from a non mast
capable link might be trickier...

and it gets a bit painful for things that use multiple ports (rtp
things) although NATs already have to comprehend that for ftp-type
apps anyhow

In missive <5.2.0.9.2.20030707125826.0220d828@pop.mcs.anl.gov>, Bill Nickless t
yped:

 >>At the risk of repeating myself, here's my take on it.  (Focusing on IPv4, 
 >>without loss of generality to IPv6):
 >>
 >>RFC 966 answered that question almost 20 years ago:
 >>
 >>    Multicast has two primary uses, namely distributed binding and
 >>    multi-destination delivery.  As a binding mechanism, multicast is a
 >>    robust and often more efficient alternative to the use of name
 >>    servers for finding a particular object or service when a particular
 >>    host address is not known.  For example, in a distributed file
 >>    system, all the file servers may be associated with one well-known
 >>    multicast address.  To bind a file name to a particular server, a
 >>    client sends a query packet containing the file name to the file
 >>    server multicast address, for delivery to all the file servers.  The
 >>    server that recognizes the file name then responds to the client,
 >>    allowing subsequent interaction directly with that server host.  Even
 >>    when name servers are employed, multicast can be used as the first
 >>    step in the binding process, that is, finding a name server.
 >>
 >>    Multi-destination delivery is useful to several applications,
 >>    including:
 >>
 >>       - distributed, replicated databases [6,9].
 >>
 >>       - conferencing [11].
 >>
 >>       - distributed parallel computation, including distributed
 >>         gaming [2].
 >>
 >>    Ideally, multicast transmission to a set of hosts is not more
 >>    complicated or expensive for the sender than transmission to a single
 >>    host.  Similarly, multicast transmission should not be more expensive
 >>    for the networks and gateways than traversing the shortest path tree
 >>    that connects the sending host to the hosts identified by the
 >>    multicast address.
 >>
 >>(Bill here again)
 >>
 >>Bottom line:
 >>
 >>I believe we should start with RFC 966.  RFC 1112 targets an Internet that 
 >>no longer exists, and LAN technology that has long since been superceded.
 >>
 >>For some time I've wanted to help write an RFC-1112-bis.  I'm very much 
 >>looking forward to the results of this BOF.  Again--take good notes!
 >>
 >>===
 >>Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
 >>PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov
 >>
 >>-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 >>Version: PGP 8.0.2
 >>
 >>iQCVAwUBPwm/K6wgm7ipJDXBAQHURgP+KHN5kuwgZFPMIRUNIsaPPINZzPd+Q2v2
 >>3aPtB9YfIadNW9Ia0ENaH3X06+uwfVA6VK5ZPFLqJQh4K6Bh4yrggpzWYhxclDio
 >>aNYkJsPHXzGoCUbiEzdLF4eg40mxR2DA0t5WzjwOAwMKqudvVJWyIvHcuRP04LgU
 >>RXWZsj013Zs=
 >>=37Vd
 >>-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
 >>
 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
 >>routing-discussion mailing list
 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
 >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

 cheers

   jon


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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        Jon.Crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk
Subject: Re: [Mtp] Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions 
In-Reply-To: Message from Bill Nickless <nickless@mcs.anl.gov> 
   of "Mon, 07 Jul 2003 13:42:47 CDT." <5.2.0.9.2.20030707125826.0220d828@pop.mcs.anl.gov> 
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 09:59:06 +0100

so picking up on the _binding_ point, i see the 
last mile multicast as potentially similar to the
NAT traversal problem, especially for cases of last mile access kit
that are multicast atheistic....at least for one case 

(actually, quick aside-  its not just last mile, its last kilometer,
last foot, last meter etc - by which i mean there is a set of
solutions and we need to list all of them with their applicability,
pros and cons (e.g. acountabile, secure, performance, limits etc)

so continuing on NATTering:

given the last mile is not really a general case of a route for the
cases where mcast doesnt work, but is just a signaling problem and we
are talkign about wilful non use of igmp, then a stateful
multicast to unicast NAT solution in the router at the DSLAM or other
site is a possible one - 

of course, it also means the session advertisement (whatever mechansm
is used) must also be modified or enhanced as it flows towards edge
to include unicast - but that is often the job of newer application
aware nats anyhow, esp. if they are part of CDN stuff 
so while it entails changing a few things, the end app wouldnt have to
change at least for inbound/downlink - sending uplink from a non mast
capable link might be trickier...

and it gets a bit painful for things that use multiple ports (rtp
things) although NATs already have to comprehend that for ftp-type
apps anyhow

In missive <5.2.0.9.2.20030707125826.0220d828@pop.mcs.anl.gov>, Bill Nickless t
yped:

 >>At the risk of repeating myself, here's my take on it.  (Focusing on IPv4, 
 >>without loss of generality to IPv6):
 >>
 >>RFC 966 answered that question almost 20 years ago:
 >>
 >>    Multicast has two primary uses, namely distributed binding and
 >>    multi-destination delivery.  As a binding mechanism, multicast is a
 >>    robust and often more efficient alternative to the use of name
 >>    servers for finding a particular object or service when a particular
 >>    host address is not known.  For example, in a distributed file
 >>    system, all the file servers may be associated with one well-known
 >>    multicast address.  To bind a file name to a particular server, a
 >>    client sends a query packet containing the file name to the file
 >>    server multicast address, for delivery to all the file servers.  The
 >>    server that recognizes the file name then responds to the client,
 >>    allowing subsequent interaction directly with that server host.  Even
 >>    when name servers are employed, multicast can be used as the first
 >>    step in the binding process, that is, finding a name server.
 >>
 >>    Multi-destination delivery is useful to several applications,
 >>    including:
 >>
 >>       - distributed, replicated databases [6,9].
 >>
 >>       - conferencing [11].
 >>
 >>       - distributed parallel computation, including distributed
 >>         gaming [2].
 >>
 >>    Ideally, multicast transmission to a set of hosts is not more
 >>    complicated or expensive for the sender than transmission to a single
 >>    host.  Similarly, multicast transmission should not be more expensive
 >>    for the networks and gateways than traversing the shortest path tree
 >>    that connects the sending host to the hosts identified by the
 >>    multicast address.
 >>
 >>(Bill here again)
 >>
 >>Bottom line:
 >>
 >>I believe we should start with RFC 966.  RFC 1112 targets an Internet that 
 >>no longer exists, and LAN technology that has long since been superceded.
 >>
 >>For some time I've wanted to help write an RFC-1112-bis.  I'm very much 
 >>looking forward to the results of this BOF.  Again--take good notes!
 >>
 >>===
 >>Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
 >>PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov
 >>
 >>-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 >>Version: PGP 8.0.2
 >>
 >>iQCVAwUBPwm/K6wgm7ipJDXBAQHURgP+KHN5kuwgZFPMIRUNIsaPPINZzPd+Q2v2
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 >>RXWZsj013Zs=
 >>=37Vd
 >>-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
 >>
 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
 >>routing-discussion mailing list
 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
 >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

 cheers

   jon


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:03:49 -0700


>Can an application send a UDP or TCP based packet with router alert
>in the IP header without special privileges?

In the sockets interface, yes - the IP_OPTIONS socket option is not
privileged.

>Perhaps, though you can't simply remove "G" from the header. It has to
>be preserved somewhere.

Actually the model that Tom is talking about sounds kind of like
REUNITE (Infocom 2000), which just uses unicast address+port pairs
to identify multicast groups.

  Bill

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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:03:49 -0700


>Can an application send a UDP or TCP based packet with router alert
>in the IP header without special privileges?

In the sockets interface, yes - the IP_OPTIONS socket option is not
privileged.

>Perhaps, though you can't simply remove "G" from the header. It has to
>be preserved somewhere.

Actually the model that Tom is talking about sounds kind of like
REUNITE (Infocom 2000), which just uses unicast address+port pairs
to identify multicast groups.

  Bill

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To: "Naidu, Venkata" <Venkata.Naidu@Marconi.com>
cc: "'Bill Fenner'" <fenner@research.att.com>, joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu,
        wg-multicast@internet2.edu, mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu,
        mtp@shepfarm.com, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Reply-To: curtis@fictitious.org
Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:34:18 EDT."
             <39469E08BD83D411A3D900204840EC55FB6F52@vie-msgusr-01.dc.fore.com> 
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@laptoy770.fictitious.org>
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 14:30:39 -0400


In message <39469E08BD83D411A3D900204840EC55FB6F52@vie-msgusr-01.dc.fore.com>, 
"Naidu, Venkata" writes:
> -> From: Bill Fenner [mailto:fenner@research.att.com]
> -> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> -> > 
> -> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling 
> -> mechanism had 
> -> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> -> 
> -> Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
> -> would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
> -> maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.
> -> 
> -> The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
> -> the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
> -> Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
> -> routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
> -> infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.
> 
>   Another good reason is based on end-to-end principle of the Internet. 
>   Core of the Internet is best effort (was intended to be, at least). 
>   If we would like to support quality of service, we are supposed
>   to signal more parameters in the host<>router than router<>router
>   to do admission control before entering the network. So, the 
>   requirements are different (light weight, not so granular signalling 
>   in the core etc) from user<>router interface to router<>router 
>   interface.
>   
>   I am not sure how much (or, how) multicasting fits into such
>   end-to-end signaling principle. If I have an HDTV and paid for
>   premium VoD service, will I be getting better picture, sound
>   quality than my neighbor who is subscribed to a basic service ?
> 
> Venkata.


Venkata,

You are making assertions that are not necessarily true regarding QoS
particularly regarding the role if any of admission control and
inferring that they are somehow tied to the end-to-end principle which
is even less true.  [Sounds like the ramblings of an ATM head. :) ]

Since this whole thing is off topic wrt why native multicast
deployment is very limited, lets just leave it at that.

Curtis

_______________________________________________
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To: "Naidu, Venkata" <Venkata.Naidu@Marconi.com>
cc: "'Bill Fenner'" <fenner@research.att.com>, joelja@darkwing.uoregon.edu,
        wg-multicast@internet2.edu, mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu,
        mtp@shepfarm.com, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Reply-To: curtis@fictitious.org
Subject: Re: [Mtp] the more things change, the more they stay the same 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 10 Jul 2003 10:34:18 EDT."
             <39469E08BD83D411A3D900204840EC55FB6F52@vie-msgusr-01.dc.fore.com> 
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@laptoy770.fictitious.org>
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 14:30:39 -0400


In message <39469E08BD83D411A3D900204840EC55FB6F52@vie-msgusr-01.dc.fore.com>, 
"Naidu, Venkata" writes:
> -> From: Bill Fenner [mailto:fenner@research.att.com]
> -> On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 02:17:38PM -0700, Joel Jaeggli wrote:
> -> > 
> -> > It was never clear to me why a host to router signaling 
> -> mechanism had 
> -> > to be different from the router to router signaling mechanism.
> -> 
> -> Here's one reason: because if we had this conversation in 1993 we
> -> would have made the host to router signalling mechanism DVMRP, or
> -> maybe we would have been looking toward the future and made it MOSPF.
> -> 
> -> The generalization of that is the goal is to be able to evolve
> -> the routing protocol independently of the host<>router interface.
> -> Since there are orders of magnitudes more hosts to change than
> -> routers when a protocol changes, this theoretically makes the
> -> infrastructure more able to change piecemeal.
> 
>   Another good reason is based on end-to-end principle of the Internet. 
>   Core of the Internet is best effort (was intended to be, at least). 
>   If we would like to support quality of service, we are supposed
>   to signal more parameters in the host<>router than router<>router
>   to do admission control before entering the network. So, the 
>   requirements are different (light weight, not so granular signalling 
>   in the core etc) from user<>router interface to router<>router 
>   interface.
>   
>   I am not sure how much (or, how) multicasting fits into such
>   end-to-end signaling principle. If I have an HDTV and paid for
>   premium VoD service, will I be getting better picture, sound
>   quality than my neighbor who is subscribed to a basic service ?
> 
> Venkata.


Venkata,

You are making assertions that are not necessarily true regarding QoS
particularly regarding the role if any of admission control and
inferring that they are somehow tied to the end-to-end principle which
is even less true.  [Sounds like the ramblings of an ATM head. :) ]

Since this whole thing is off topic wrt why native multicast
deployment is very limited, lets just leave it at that.

Curtis

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 15:20:37 2003
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To: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
cc: mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu, wg-multicast@internet2.edu,
        mtp@shepfarm.com, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Reply-To: curtis@fictitious.org
Subject: Re: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)? 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 10 Jul 2003 07:56:12 PDT."
             <20030710075612.A17872@1-4-5.net> 
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@laptoy770.fictitious.org>
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 15:19:31 -0400


In message <20030710075612.A17872@1-4-5.net>, David Meyer writes:
> 
> 	Here's something I've been discussing with the ADs
> 	(and hoping to learn the lessons of the MADDOGs
> 	"experience").  
> 
> 	I put it on the mboned agenda, so we can also discuss this
> 	there. As always, comments greatly appreciated.
> 
> 	Dave


Dave,

I think you've got a great list of multicast issues and mboned would
be a good place to continue with this.  My first reaction was that
this may be too complete a list and you should concentrate on the
subset of the items that are deemed most important to or considered
barriers to further multicast deployment.

On the original topic of multicast deployment, there were some
assertions that there is financial disincentives for a tier-1 to
deploy multicast.  I have a few comments on that.  First, if multicast
is not offerred and it happens anyway through unicast replication,
then adding multicast does remove a burden from the core.  If
replication is distributed anyway and not laid out according to
topology (p2p stuff, for example), then the savings is greater.  OTOH
if some sort of service is essentially broadcast as multiple unicast
and is huge in volume, lack of multicast provides a visible revenue
source for the provider, the fat pipe to the source.  It was this
(possibly flawed) logic that has motivated some commercial multicast
service where only select participants could be senders and charges
for this priviledge were quite high (high enough in the one case I
have in mind that service penetration was minimal).  Somewhere in the
middle is the multiparty conference, with more than two or three but
no more than a dozen or so participants.  Unicast replication at a
single site can be viable for a small number of satelite sites, but
for larger conferences can become infeasible.  It is these many
smaller scale multicast groups that it would be good to provide on the
same flat rate basis as today's unicast, while avoiding carrying large
scale broadcasts for free.

The topic of counting leaf nodes came up.  For a tier-1 provider, it
is sufficient and perhaps more relevant to know only the number of
exit points from that provider that a sender is reaching.  How much
branching occurs beyond the tier-1 provider is inconsequential to the
tier-1 provider.  The good news is that collection this information is
something that can be confined to the single provider if protocol
support existed to do so.  From the provider's business standpoint, it
may be sufficient to limit bandwidth and this bounds (number of exit
points to the provider) for lower service levels including any default
(comes without charge or a fixed extra) flat rate service and offer a
higher service level in which the sender bandwidth and exit point
count limits are set higher.  This would allow flat rate low usage
multicast such as small conferencing but still provide the means to
generate revenues appropriate to higher bandwidth and wider spread
multicast, such as VOD.

Curtis



> ---
> 
>         This note proposes the creation the Internet Multicast
> 	Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)
> 	function. The IMDOC, residing in mboned, will serve as
> 	the locus of documentation, cross-coordination, and
> 	oversight function for the muticast activity in the IETF
> 	at large, and will create two crucial missing pieces of
> 	the multicast puzzle: (i). A comprehensive IETF multicast
> 	framework document, and (ii). the Internet Multicast
> 	Reference Architecture (IMRA). Both are discussed briefly
> 	below.
> 
> 	IMDOC documents will be published in the mboned working
> 	group and will:
> 
> 	(i).	Provide a comprehensive framework document. This
> 		document will cover all multicast issues under
> 		consideration within IETF, and will provide a
> 		systematic way determining when new working
> 		groups are needed. 
> 
> 	(ii).	Provide the Internet Multicast Reference
> 		Architecture document. Importantly, the IMRA will
> 		cover both intra and inter-domain multicast
> 		architectures.  
> 
> 	(iii).	Outline domain-specific problem spaces (for
> 		example, as was done in mboned with
> 		draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt).   
> 
>         (iv).	Preserve the archival knowledge of what has
> 		worked and what hasn't, and why. This knowledge
> 		is currently folklore (or very ad hoc at best).   
>  
> 	The IMDOC coordination and oversight functions will be
> 	organized by the mboned working group in conjunction with
> 	the appropriate working group chairs and area directors.
> 
> 	The following list of areas (which are in scope for the
> 	IMDOC) is not intended to exhaustive, but rather to
> 	illustrate the requirement for oversight and
> 	coordination:   
> 
> 	(i).	Addressing
> 
> 		Including dynamic address assignment (malloc,
> 		etc), IANA issues (IPv4 and IPv6, e.g. RFC
> 		3171/BCP51), scoping mechanisms and
> 		methodologies, multicast address derivation
> 		(e.g. RFCs 2770 and 3138) and Unicast Based
> 		Addresses (IPv6).    
> 
> 	(ii).	Source discovery
> 
> 		Including in-band source discovery methods such as
> 		BSR (which touches pim) and embedded RP (which
> 		touches ipv6)), and out-of-band mechanisms such
> 		as proposed for SSM (which touches ssm), and
> 		their associated applications and APIs (which
> 		touches mmusic). Examples of documents in this
> 		area include RFC 3569.
> 
> 	(iii).	Security    
> 
> 		Including key exchange (which touches msec), and
> 		data encryption (which touches ipsec), as well as
> 		the general problem of a security architecture
> 		for multicast.
> 
> 	(iv).	L2 aliasing
> 
> 		For example, 802.x (which touches ipoib and
> 		others), IGMP/MLD Snooping, CGMP, PIM Snooping,
> 		and RGMP (which touches on MAGMA).
> 
> 	(v).	Routing
> 
>                 For example, BGP4+ and associated extensions
> 		which effect multicast, Multi-Topology IGPs. 
> 
> 	(vi).	Forwarding
> 
> 		Including discussions on all PIM forwarding
> 		modes, DVMPR, CBT, etc.  Also includes issues
> 		associated with RP mapping approached for PIM-SM,
> 		and general discussions on ASM vs. SSM models
> 		(covering bidirectional and unidirectional status
> 		as well)
> 
> 	(vii).	Reliable Transport
> 
> 		Including discussions on RMT generated building
> 		blocks as well as issues associated with
> 		PGM. Covers FEC, CC, etc. 
> 
> 	(viii).	Session Control
> 
> 		Will include issues associated with source and
> 		receiver control, example MSNIP, RTS/CTS issues,
> 		floor-control, etc.
> 
> 	(ix).	Application Layer Issues
> 
> 		Examples include BCPs for writing multicast
> 		applications (e.g. RFC 3170), discussions on
> 		default address use, traffic patterns (example
> 		implications of bursty traffic, low frequency
> 		traffic), and APIs for SSM.
> 
> 	(x).	Tunneling
> 		
> 		Including any potential new dynamic tunneling
> 		proposals which come from Last Mile Multicast, etc.
> 
> 	(xi).	VPN
> 		
> 		Both L2 (pwe3, l2vpn), and L3 (ppvpn, l3vpn)
> 
>         
> 
> 	
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> 

_______________________________________________
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        mtp@shepfarm.com, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Reply-To: curtis@fictitious.org
Subject: Re: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)? 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 10 Jul 2003 07:56:12 PDT."
             <20030710075612.A17872@1-4-5.net> 
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 15:19:31 -0400


In message <20030710075612.A17872@1-4-5.net>, David Meyer writes:
> 
> 	Here's something I've been discussing with the ADs
> 	(and hoping to learn the lessons of the MADDOGs
> 	"experience").  
> 
> 	I put it on the mboned agenda, so we can also discuss this
> 	there. As always, comments greatly appreciated.
> 
> 	Dave


Dave,

I think you've got a great list of multicast issues and mboned would
be a good place to continue with this.  My first reaction was that
this may be too complete a list and you should concentrate on the
subset of the items that are deemed most important to or considered
barriers to further multicast deployment.

On the original topic of multicast deployment, there were some
assertions that there is financial disincentives for a tier-1 to
deploy multicast.  I have a few comments on that.  First, if multicast
is not offerred and it happens anyway through unicast replication,
then adding multicast does remove a burden from the core.  If
replication is distributed anyway and not laid out according to
topology (p2p stuff, for example), then the savings is greater.  OTOH
if some sort of service is essentially broadcast as multiple unicast
and is huge in volume, lack of multicast provides a visible revenue
source for the provider, the fat pipe to the source.  It was this
(possibly flawed) logic that has motivated some commercial multicast
service where only select participants could be senders and charges
for this priviledge were quite high (high enough in the one case I
have in mind that service penetration was minimal).  Somewhere in the
middle is the multiparty conference, with more than two or three but
no more than a dozen or so participants.  Unicast replication at a
single site can be viable for a small number of satelite sites, but
for larger conferences can become infeasible.  It is these many
smaller scale multicast groups that it would be good to provide on the
same flat rate basis as today's unicast, while avoiding carrying large
scale broadcasts for free.

The topic of counting leaf nodes came up.  For a tier-1 provider, it
is sufficient and perhaps more relevant to know only the number of
exit points from that provider that a sender is reaching.  How much
branching occurs beyond the tier-1 provider is inconsequential to the
tier-1 provider.  The good news is that collection this information is
something that can be confined to the single provider if protocol
support existed to do so.  From the provider's business standpoint, it
may be sufficient to limit bandwidth and this bounds (number of exit
points to the provider) for lower service levels including any default
(comes without charge or a fixed extra) flat rate service and offer a
higher service level in which the sender bandwidth and exit point
count limits are set higher.  This would allow flat rate low usage
multicast such as small conferencing but still provide the means to
generate revenues appropriate to higher bandwidth and wider spread
multicast, such as VOD.

Curtis



> ---
> 
>         This note proposes the creation the Internet Multicast
> 	Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)
> 	function. The IMDOC, residing in mboned, will serve as
> 	the locus of documentation, cross-coordination, and
> 	oversight function for the muticast activity in the IETF
> 	at large, and will create two crucial missing pieces of
> 	the multicast puzzle: (i). A comprehensive IETF multicast
> 	framework document, and (ii). the Internet Multicast
> 	Reference Architecture (IMRA). Both are discussed briefly
> 	below.
> 
> 	IMDOC documents will be published in the mboned working
> 	group and will:
> 
> 	(i).	Provide a comprehensive framework document. This
> 		document will cover all multicast issues under
> 		consideration within IETF, and will provide a
> 		systematic way determining when new working
> 		groups are needed. 
> 
> 	(ii).	Provide the Internet Multicast Reference
> 		Architecture document. Importantly, the IMRA will
> 		cover both intra and inter-domain multicast
> 		architectures.  
> 
> 	(iii).	Outline domain-specific problem spaces (for
> 		example, as was done in mboned with
> 		draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt).   
> 
>         (iv).	Preserve the archival knowledge of what has
> 		worked and what hasn't, and why. This knowledge
> 		is currently folklore (or very ad hoc at best).   
>  
> 	The IMDOC coordination and oversight functions will be
> 	organized by the mboned working group in conjunction with
> 	the appropriate working group chairs and area directors.
> 
> 	The following list of areas (which are in scope for the
> 	IMDOC) is not intended to exhaustive, but rather to
> 	illustrate the requirement for oversight and
> 	coordination:   
> 
> 	(i).	Addressing
> 
> 		Including dynamic address assignment (malloc,
> 		etc), IANA issues (IPv4 and IPv6, e.g. RFC
> 		3171/BCP51), scoping mechanisms and
> 		methodologies, multicast address derivation
> 		(e.g. RFCs 2770 and 3138) and Unicast Based
> 		Addresses (IPv6).    
> 
> 	(ii).	Source discovery
> 
> 		Including in-band source discovery methods such as
> 		BSR (which touches pim) and embedded RP (which
> 		touches ipv6)), and out-of-band mechanisms such
> 		as proposed for SSM (which touches ssm), and
> 		their associated applications and APIs (which
> 		touches mmusic). Examples of documents in this
> 		area include RFC 3569.
> 
> 	(iii).	Security    
> 
> 		Including key exchange (which touches msec), and
> 		data encryption (which touches ipsec), as well as
> 		the general problem of a security architecture
> 		for multicast.
> 
> 	(iv).	L2 aliasing
> 
> 		For example, 802.x (which touches ipoib and
> 		others), IGMP/MLD Snooping, CGMP, PIM Snooping,
> 		and RGMP (which touches on MAGMA).
> 
> 	(v).	Routing
> 
>                 For example, BGP4+ and associated extensions
> 		which effect multicast, Multi-Topology IGPs. 
> 
> 	(vi).	Forwarding
> 
> 		Including discussions on all PIM forwarding
> 		modes, DVMPR, CBT, etc.  Also includes issues
> 		associated with RP mapping approached for PIM-SM,
> 		and general discussions on ASM vs. SSM models
> 		(covering bidirectional and unidirectional status
> 		as well)
> 
> 	(vii).	Reliable Transport
> 
> 		Including discussions on RMT generated building
> 		blocks as well as issues associated with
> 		PGM. Covers FEC, CC, etc. 
> 
> 	(viii).	Session Control
> 
> 		Will include issues associated with source and
> 		receiver control, example MSNIP, RTS/CTS issues,
> 		floor-control, etc.
> 
> 	(ix).	Application Layer Issues
> 
> 		Examples include BCPs for writing multicast
> 		applications (e.g. RFC 3170), discussions on
> 		default address use, traffic patterns (example
> 		implications of bursty traffic, low frequency
> 		traffic), and APIs for SSM.
> 
> 	(x).	Tunneling
> 		
> 		Including any potential new dynamic tunneling
> 		proposals which come from Last Mile Multicast, etc.
> 
> 	(xi).	VPN
> 		
> 		Both L2 (pwe3, l2vpn), and L3 (ppvpn, l3vpn)
> 
>         
> 
> 	
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> 

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Subject: RE: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)? 
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From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: <curtis@fictitious.org>
Cc: <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>, <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>,
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 16:04:47 -0400
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Curtis Villamizar wrote:

> The topic of counting leaf nodes came up.  For a tier-1 provider, it
> is sufficient and perhaps more relevant to know only the number of
> exit points from that provider that a sender is reaching.  How much
> branching occurs beyond the tier-1 provider is inconsequential to the
> tier-1 provider.

Is this necessarily enough? For example, wouldn't a sender want an =
accurate count of his audience, sort of like Nielsen ratings, only a =
real count instead of statistical sampling? And couldn't a provider use =
that count as the basis for charging the sender? I'm not sure what =
business models are in use now, so I might be off base.

> The good news is that collection this information is
> something that can be confined to the single provider if protocol
> support existed to do so.  From the provider's business standpoint, it
> may be sufficient to limit bandwidth and this bounds (number of exit
> points to the provider) for lower service levels including any default
> (comes without charge or a fixed extra) flat rate service and offer a
> higher service level in which the sender bandwidth and exit point
> count limits are set higher.  This would allow flat rate low usage
> multicast such as small conferencing but still provide the means to
> generate revenues appropriate to higher bandwidth and wider spread
> multicast, such as VOD.

That, and more. I seem to recall, for example, that on 9/11/01, not only =
was I unable to get *any* news source via streaming media from my =
office, due to network congestion caused in large measure by all those =
TCP/IP-based streaming media sessions, but the various streaming media =
outlets were proud of supporting in the low hundreds of thousands of =
sessions that entire day(!). But that's peanuts, isn't it? I doubt =
broadcasters would be proud of such low numbers on that day. Multiple =
millions would be more like it.

I would expect that use of the right protocol here would give the =
network providers the revenues they need (want) while at the same time =
providing a level of service that is somewhat more competitive with the =
broadcast alternatives.

Bert

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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 16:04:47 -0400
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Curtis Villamizar wrote:

> The topic of counting leaf nodes came up.  For a tier-1 provider, it
> is sufficient and perhaps more relevant to know only the number of
> exit points from that provider that a sender is reaching.  How much
> branching occurs beyond the tier-1 provider is inconsequential to the
> tier-1 provider.

Is this necessarily enough? For example, wouldn't a sender want an =
accurate count of his audience, sort of like Nielsen ratings, only a =
real count instead of statistical sampling? And couldn't a provider use =
that count as the basis for charging the sender? I'm not sure what =
business models are in use now, so I might be off base.

> The good news is that collection this information is
> something that can be confined to the single provider if protocol
> support existed to do so.  From the provider's business standpoint, it
> may be sufficient to limit bandwidth and this bounds (number of exit
> points to the provider) for lower service levels including any default
> (comes without charge or a fixed extra) flat rate service and offer a
> higher service level in which the sender bandwidth and exit point
> count limits are set higher.  This would allow flat rate low usage
> multicast such as small conferencing but still provide the means to
> generate revenues appropriate to higher bandwidth and wider spread
> multicast, such as VOD.

That, and more. I seem to recall, for example, that on 9/11/01, not only =
was I unable to get *any* news source via streaming media from my =
office, due to network congestion caused in large measure by all those =
TCP/IP-based streaming media sessions, but the various streaming media =
outlets were proud of supporting in the low hundreds of thousands of =
sessions that entire day(!). But that's peanuts, isn't it? I doubt =
broadcasters would be proud of such low numbers on that day. Multiple =
millions would be more like it.

I would expect that use of the right protocol here would give the =
network providers the revenues they need (want) while at the same time =
providing a level of service that is somewhat more competitive with the =
broadcast alternatives.

Bert

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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Subject: Re: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)? 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 10 Jul 2003 16:04:47 EDT."
             <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571F4@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.com> 
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 17:06:03 -0400


In message <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571F4@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.co
m>, "Manfredi, Albert E" writes:
> Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> 
> > The topic of counting leaf nodes came up.  For a tier-1 provider, it
> > is sufficient and perhaps more relevant to know only the number of
> > exit points from that provider that a sender is reaching.  How much
> > branching occurs beyond the tier-1 provider is inconsequential to the
> > tier-1 provider.
> 
> Is this necessarily enough? For example, wouldn't a sender want an accurate c
> ount of his audience, sort of like Nielsen ratings, only a real count instead
>  of statistical sampling? And couldn't a provider use that count as the basis
>  for charging the sender? I'm not sure what business models are in use now, s
> o I might be off base.

If you are a content provider then yes.  If you are a provider of
connectivity and want to milk the billing on multicast service for as
much as you possibly can even if it doesn't cost you anything for
expansion of the groups beyond your borders then yes, but that
mentality yields low to zero service penetration.  This is sort of
like the X.25 per packet billing vs IP flat rate only with multicast.
X.25 certainly still has the advantage in terms of ability to bill per
packet - its also dead.

> > The good news is that collection this information is
> > something that can be confined to the single provider if protocol
> > support existed to do so.  From the provider's business standpoint, it
> > may be sufficient to limit bandwidth and this bounds (number of exit
> > points to the provider) for lower service levels including any default
> > (comes without charge or a fixed extra) flat rate service and offer a
> > higher service level in which the sender bandwidth and exit point
> > count limits are set higher.  This would allow flat rate low usage
> > multicast such as small conferencing but still provide the means to
> > generate revenues appropriate to higher bandwidth and wider spread
> > multicast, such as VOD.
> 
> That, and more. I seem to recall, for example, that on 9/11/01, not only was 
> I unable to get *any* news source via streaming media from my office, due to 
> network congestion caused in large measure by all those TCP/IP-based streamin
> g media sessions, but the various streaming media outlets were proud of suppo
> rting in the low hundreds of thousands of sessions that entire day(!). But th
> at's peanuts, isn't it? I doubt broadcasters would be proud of such low numbe
> rs on that day. Multiple millions would be more like it.

For the tier-1 IP provider a few thousand access routers are reached
with multicast and how many CPE routers is reached doesn't matter
because the end customer already foots that bill.  This is an example
where multicast would have done some good.

> I would expect that use of the right protocol here would give the network pro
> viders the revenues they need (want) while at the same time providing a level
>  of service that is somewhat more competitive with the broadcast alternatives
> .
> 
> Bert

For the most part the protocols exist.  Attempts to make it a big
revenue source and bill too much for it has so far killed it for some
providers.  For the market penetration that existed at the time, it
was cheaper for the source (content provider) to get a big pipe and
unicast.  Commercial multicast has existed for a long time.

The goal should be to provide some means to insure the transport
provider doesn't take a loss due to high bandwidth wide distribution
multicast, and that limited distribution multicast can be offerred
unmetered if not free with the unicast service.  Make it cost
effective for end users (senders and receivers) and multicast
penetration will occur.

Curtis

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 10 17:07:55 2003
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        wg-multicast@internet2.edu, mtp@shepfarm.com,
        routing-discussion@ietf.org
Reply-To: curtis@fictitious.org
Subject: Re: Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC)? 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 10 Jul 2003 16:04:47 EDT."
             <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571F4@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.com> 
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@laptoy770.fictitious.org>
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Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 17:06:03 -0400


In message <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571F4@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.co
m>, "Manfredi, Albert E" writes:
> Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> 
> > The topic of counting leaf nodes came up.  For a tier-1 provider, it
> > is sufficient and perhaps more relevant to know only the number of
> > exit points from that provider that a sender is reaching.  How much
> > branching occurs beyond the tier-1 provider is inconsequential to the
> > tier-1 provider.
> 
> Is this necessarily enough? For example, wouldn't a sender want an accurate c
> ount of his audience, sort of like Nielsen ratings, only a real count instead
>  of statistical sampling? And couldn't a provider use that count as the basis
>  for charging the sender? I'm not sure what business models are in use now, s
> o I might be off base.

If you are a content provider then yes.  If you are a provider of
connectivity and want to milk the billing on multicast service for as
much as you possibly can even if it doesn't cost you anything for
expansion of the groups beyond your borders then yes, but that
mentality yields low to zero service penetration.  This is sort of
like the X.25 per packet billing vs IP flat rate only with multicast.
X.25 certainly still has the advantage in terms of ability to bill per
packet - its also dead.

> > The good news is that collection this information is
> > something that can be confined to the single provider if protocol
> > support existed to do so.  From the provider's business standpoint, it
> > may be sufficient to limit bandwidth and this bounds (number of exit
> > points to the provider) for lower service levels including any default
> > (comes without charge or a fixed extra) flat rate service and offer a
> > higher service level in which the sender bandwidth and exit point
> > count limits are set higher.  This would allow flat rate low usage
> > multicast such as small conferencing but still provide the means to
> > generate revenues appropriate to higher bandwidth and wider spread
> > multicast, such as VOD.
> 
> That, and more. I seem to recall, for example, that on 9/11/01, not only was 
> I unable to get *any* news source via streaming media from my office, due to 
> network congestion caused in large measure by all those TCP/IP-based streamin
> g media sessions, but the various streaming media outlets were proud of suppo
> rting in the low hundreds of thousands of sessions that entire day(!). But th
> at's peanuts, isn't it? I doubt broadcasters would be proud of such low numbe
> rs on that day. Multiple millions would be more like it.

For the tier-1 IP provider a few thousand access routers are reached
with multicast and how many CPE routers is reached doesn't matter
because the end customer already foots that bill.  This is an example
where multicast would have done some good.

> I would expect that use of the right protocol here would give the network pro
> viders the revenues they need (want) while at the same time providing a level
>  of service that is somewhat more competitive with the broadcast alternatives
> .
> 
> Bert

For the most part the protocols exist.  Attempts to make it a big
revenue source and bill too much for it has so far killed it for some
providers.  For the market penetration that existed at the time, it
was cheaper for the source (content provider) to get a big pipe and
unicast.  Commercial multicast has existed for a long time.

The goal should be to provide some means to insure the transport
provider doesn't take a loss due to high bandwidth wide distribution
multicast, and that limited distribution multicast can be offerred
unmetered if not free with the unicast service.  Make it cost
effective for end users (senders and receivers) and multicast
penetration will occur.

Curtis

_______________________________________________
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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul 11 11:49:45 2003
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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 10:47:52 -0500


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----


On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Alan Crosswell wrote:

>There are too many pieces:  Namely CDNs like Akamai freeflow streaming.
>/a

At 10:51 AM 7/9/2003 -0700, shep@shepfarm.com wrote:

>Too many non-standard pieces that do not leverage multicast.
>
>Greg

Is this a failure of the Akamai engineers to do the "right thing" and use 
"standard" Internet multicast?

Or is it a failure of "standard" Internet multicast to provide what Akamai 
engineers need?

Has anyone in the MBONED working group talked to the Akamai engineers and 
asked them why they didn't use standard Internet multicast 
facilities?  Have those lessons learned been incorporated into the process 
to evolve Internet multicast?  Has the solution that Akamai came up with 
been examined with an eye towards standardization?

What about other network-based group communication schemes, such as those 
popular in the supercomputing community like the Message Passing Initiative 
(MPI), Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM), and so forth?  Recall that the 
motivation for the original IP multicast work by Cheriton and Deering was 
to support the V distributed system.  Have those communities learned 
anything in the last 15-20 years that the IP community hasn't yet 
leveraged, but should?

I applaud the Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF, and the creation of the 
Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC) 
function within MBONED.  I support them as steps towards a process driven 
by real world requirements, leading to innovative and successful solutions.


===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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Subject: Re: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 10:47:52 -0500


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----


On Wed, 9 Jul 2003, Alan Crosswell wrote:

>There are too many pieces:  Namely CDNs like Akamai freeflow streaming.
>/a

At 10:51 AM 7/9/2003 -0700, shep@shepfarm.com wrote:

>Too many non-standard pieces that do not leverage multicast.
>
>Greg

Is this a failure of the Akamai engineers to do the "right thing" and use 
"standard" Internet multicast?

Or is it a failure of "standard" Internet multicast to provide what Akamai 
engineers need?

Has anyone in the MBONED working group talked to the Akamai engineers and 
asked them why they didn't use standard Internet multicast 
facilities?  Have those lessons learned been incorporated into the process 
to evolve Internet multicast?  Has the solution that Akamai came up with 
been examined with an eye towards standardization?

What about other network-based group communication schemes, such as those 
popular in the supercomputing community like the Message Passing Initiative 
(MPI), Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM), and so forth?  Recall that the 
motivation for the original IP multicast work by Cheriton and Deering was 
to support the V distributed system.  Have those communities learned 
anything in the last 15-20 years that the IP community hasn't yet 
leveraged, but should?

I applaud the Multicast Last-Mile Solutions BOF, and the creation of the 
Internet Multicast Documentation, Oversight, and Coordination (IMDOC) 
function within MBONED.  I support them as steps towards a process driven 
by real world requirements, leading to innovative and successful solutions.


===
Bill Nickless    http://www.mcs.anl.gov/people/nickless      +1 630 252 7390
PGP:0E 0F 16 80 C5 B1 69 52 E1 44 1A A5 0E 1B 74 F7     nickless@mcs.anl.gov

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Subject: Two strawpeople for last mile multicast
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Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
Thread-Index: AcNHxGs7UcGh3t66QA21qIMm9SvMeQAE7a8g
From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
Cc: <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>, <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>
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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 15:12:23 -0400
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From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems that =
have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and (b) how to =
allow multicast routers to unicast multicast packets through edge =
routers, to the group members.

Taking each one independently at first, how about:

1. Counting membership.

All that's required here is to have an optional IGMP mode whereby each =
group member is made to respond to IGMP queries by using the (unicast) =
source address of the querier. That way, no other member will hear the =
join report, and every member will be forced to send these join reports. =
The multicast router can keep track. Now that each multicast router has =
info on every host's membership, that info can be passed back to =
whomever needs it, in an unspecified manner. For example, if PIM-SM is =
used, it shouldn't be difficult to send the membership info back to the =
RP? In any event, this part of the problem affects only the multicast =
routers and whoever needs to keep track of overall membership.

2. Unicast the multicast packet.

The problem here is to preserve the IP group address information =
somehow, while creating a unicast packet which is originated by the =
closest multicast router to each host. Many people expressed a dislike =
for some sort of tunnel. I agree. How difficult would it be to create a =
new IP header option, which would incorporate (S, G)? This ought to work =
for IPv4 or IPv6. When this new option is invoked, the end user knows to =
read the incoming packet as a multicast packet. The IP Souce Address of =
the packet would be the multicast router's source address, but the =
actual multicast source address is preserved, along with the group =
address, in the new option overhead words (making this compatible with =
SSM).=20

3. IGMP in the unicast-only edge router environment.

IGMP relies on multicast addressing entirely. What if IGMP frames were =
sent by the multicast router to each member of the group using the =
scheme described in #2 above? A well-known UDP Port ID could be used to =
differentiate this IGMP "unicast multicast" packet from the normal data =
"unicast multicast" packets. The source address incorporated in (S,G) in =
the new IP header option words, for this unicast IGMP query, would match =
the IP Source Address of the packet, both source addressing being the =
address of the closest multicast router.

4. To which hosts are IGMP all hosts queries sent?

With normal IGMP, all hosts queries are sent to the "all hosts" =
multicast address. Also, with normal IGMP, hosts can send join reports =
immediately, without waiting for an IGMP query. Neither of these =
mechanisms can work here. Can we postulate a separate "cold start" =
mechanism here? Such as a web site, which permits hosts to indicate they =
want to join a particular multicast group, which in turn causes the =
appropriate multicast router for that host to start sending the unicast =
IGMP queries to that host? At which point, of course, the joiner will =
know the unicast address of the multicast router? Etc. etc.?

Bert

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Subject: Two strawpeople for last mile multicast
Message-ID: <D18F53ABCD79C14495301518A54E5220012571F5@xch-ne-01.ne.nos.boeing.com>
Thread-Topic: BOF Agenda - Multicast Last-Mile Solutions
Thread-Index: AcNHxGs7UcGh3t66QA21qIMm9SvMeQAE7a8g
From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
To: <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
Cc: <wg-multicast@internet2.edu>, <mboned@network-services.uoregon.edu>
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From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems that =
have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and (b) how to =
allow multicast routers to unicast multicast packets through edge =
routers, to the group members.

Taking each one independently at first, how about:

1. Counting membership.

All that's required here is to have an optional IGMP mode whereby each =
group member is made to respond to IGMP queries by using the (unicast) =
source address of the querier. That way, no other member will hear the =
join report, and every member will be forced to send these join reports. =
The multicast router can keep track. Now that each multicast router has =
info on every host's membership, that info can be passed back to =
whomever needs it, in an unspecified manner. For example, if PIM-SM is =
used, it shouldn't be difficult to send the membership info back to the =
RP? In any event, this part of the problem affects only the multicast =
routers and whoever needs to keep track of overall membership.

2. Unicast the multicast packet.

The problem here is to preserve the IP group address information =
somehow, while creating a unicast packet which is originated by the =
closest multicast router to each host. Many people expressed a dislike =
for some sort of tunnel. I agree. How difficult would it be to create a =
new IP header option, which would incorporate (S, G)? This ought to work =
for IPv4 or IPv6. When this new option is invoked, the end user knows to =
read the incoming packet as a multicast packet. The IP Souce Address of =
the packet would be the multicast router's source address, but the =
actual multicast source address is preserved, along with the group =
address, in the new option overhead words (making this compatible with =
SSM).=20

3. IGMP in the unicast-only edge router environment.

IGMP relies on multicast addressing entirely. What if IGMP frames were =
sent by the multicast router to each member of the group using the =
scheme described in #2 above? A well-known UDP Port ID could be used to =
differentiate this IGMP "unicast multicast" packet from the normal data =
"unicast multicast" packets. The source address incorporated in (S,G) in =
the new IP header option words, for this unicast IGMP query, would match =
the IP Source Address of the packet, both source addressing being the =
address of the closest multicast router.

4. To which hosts are IGMP all hosts queries sent?

With normal IGMP, all hosts queries are sent to the "all hosts" =
multicast address. Also, with normal IGMP, hosts can send join reports =
immediately, without waiting for an IGMP query. Neither of these =
mechanisms can work here. Can we postulate a separate "cold start" =
mechanism here? Such as a web site, which permits hosts to indicate they =
want to join a particular multicast group, which in turn causes the =
appropriate multicast router for that host to start sending the unicast =
IGMP queries to that host? At which point, of course, the joiner will =
know the unicast address of the multicast router? Etc. etc.?

Bert

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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Subject: Re: Two strawpeople for last mile multicast
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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 12:29:55 -0700 (PDT)


On Fri, 11 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

-) >From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems
-) that have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and (b)

I don't think counting group members is a goal of this effort.  Counting
viewers is a task that can be easily handled by the applications
themselves.  Indeed, some apps already do this today.

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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 12:29:55 -0700 (PDT)


On Fri, 11 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:

-) >From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems
-) that have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and (b)

I don't think counting group members is a goal of this effort.  Counting
viewers is a task that can be easily handled by the applications
themselves.  Indeed, some apps already do this today.

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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 15:38:08 -0400

>On Fri, 11 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>-) >From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems
>-) that have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and (b)
>I don't think counting group members is a goal of this effort.  Counting
>viewers is a task that can be easily handled by the applications
>themselves.  Indeed, some apps already do this today.

I don't get into these discussions much, though I enjoy reading them a lot.
Ahhh. As a cable TV guy, our future involves multicast over IP totally. I
guess I don't know the deficientcies now? I thought any router could bust
up, break out, etc messages and the major problem was too many dumb routers
and various filters that don't like multicast IP's.

Since a lot of people like myself might not understand this... What's wrong
so far?

Regs,
Dan


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 15:38:08 -0400

>On Fri, 11 Jul 2003, Manfredi, Albert E wrote:
>-) >From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems
>-) that have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and (b)
>I don't think counting group members is a goal of this effort.  Counting
>viewers is a task that can be easily handled by the applications
>themselves.  Indeed, some apps already do this today.

I don't get into these discussions much, though I enjoy reading them a lot.
Ahhh. As a cable TV guy, our future involves multicast over IP totally. I
guess I don't know the deficientcies now? I thought any router could bust
up, break out, etc messages and the major problem was too many dumb routers
and various filters that don't like multicast IP's.

Since a lot of people like myself might not understand this... What's wrong
so far?

Regs,
Dan


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul 11 15:56:38 2003
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	(albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com)
Subject: Re: Two strawpeople for last mile multicast
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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 12:53:32 -0700 (PDT)

> From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
> 
> >From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems
> >that have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and
> >(b) how to allow multicast routers to unicast multicast packets
> >through edge routers, to the group members.

> 
> Taking each one independently at first, how about:
> 
> 1. Counting membership.
> 
> All that's required here is to have an optional IGMP mode whereby
> each group member is made to respond to IGMP queries by using the
> (unicast) source address of the querier. That way, no other member
> will hear the join report, and every member will be forced to send
> these join reports. The multicast router can keep track. Now that
> each multicast router has info on every host's membership, that info
> can be passed back to whomever needs it, in an unspecified manner.
> For example, if PIM-SM is used, it shouldn't be difficult to send
> the membership info back to the RP? In any event, this part of the
> problem affects only the multicast routers and whoever needs to keep
> track of overall membership.


This is clever, but the problem is it fails the IGMP snooping switches
in between the hosts and the last "router". There are almost always
some layer 2 IGMP snooping devices in between them.

Also, there are already well established and widely-available
solutions to collect accounting data from broadband subscribers. As
long as the last hop "router" has the membership information, it will
be sufficient for all magics to happen. There is no need to propogate
such information via a routing protocol to the PIM RP.


> 
> 2. Unicast the multicast packet.
> 
> The problem here is to preserve the IP group address information
> somehow, while creating a unicast packet which is originated by the
> closest multicast router to each host. Many people expressed a
> dislike for some sort of tunnel. I agree. How difficult would it be
> to create a new IP header option, which would incorporate (S, G)?
> This ought to work for IPv4 or IPv6. When this new option is
> invoked, the end user knows to read the incoming packet as a
> multicast packet. The IP Souce Address of the packet would be the
> multicast router's source address, but the actual multicast source
> address is preserved, along with the group address, in the new
> option overhead words (making this compatible with SSM).

The cost of turning on multicast on the last hop router can not
be avoided or postponed. Period.

I know there are some interests in trying this out. But it won't
really have the effect folks imagined. Neither the subscriber nor the
last mile service provider or even the content provider will see a big
difference. They will conclude that multicast does not really matter.

> 
> 3. IGMP in the unicast-only edge router environment.
> 
> IGMP relies on multicast addressing entirely. What if IGMP frames
> were sent by the multicast router to each member of the group using
> the scheme described in #2 above? A well-known UDP Port ID could be
> used to differentiate this IGMP "unicast multicast" packet from the
> normal data "unicast multicast" packets. The source address
> incorporated in (S,G) in the new IP header option words, for this
> unicast IGMP query, would match the IP Source Address of the packet,
> both source addressing being the address of the closest multicast
> router.

See comment above.


-Liming

> 
> 4. To which hosts are IGMP all hosts queries sent?
> 
> With normal IGMP, all hosts queries are sent to the "all hosts"
> multicast address. Also, with normal IGMP, hosts can send join
> reports immediately, without waiting for an IGMP query. Neither of
> these mechanisms can work here. Can we postulate a separate "cold
> start" mechanism here? Such as a web site, which permits hosts to
> indicate they want to join a particular multicast group, which in
> turn causes the appropriate multicast router for that host to start
> sending the unicast IGMP queries to that host? At which point, of
> course, the joiner will know the unicast address of the multicast
> router? Etc. etc.?



> 
> Bert
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> 

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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Subject: Re: Two strawpeople for last mile multicast
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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 12:53:32 -0700 (PDT)

> From: "Manfredi, Albert E" <albert.e.manfredi@boeing.com>
> 
> >From the discussion so far, I gather that a couple of the problems
> >that have to be solved are (a) how to count group membership and
> >(b) how to allow multicast routers to unicast multicast packets
> >through edge routers, to the group members.

> 
> Taking each one independently at first, how about:
> 
> 1. Counting membership.
> 
> All that's required here is to have an optional IGMP mode whereby
> each group member is made to respond to IGMP queries by using the
> (unicast) source address of the querier. That way, no other member
> will hear the join report, and every member will be forced to send
> these join reports. The multicast router can keep track. Now that
> each multicast router has info on every host's membership, that info
> can be passed back to whomever needs it, in an unspecified manner.
> For example, if PIM-SM is used, it shouldn't be difficult to send
> the membership info back to the RP? In any event, this part of the
> problem affects only the multicast routers and whoever needs to keep
> track of overall membership.


This is clever, but the problem is it fails the IGMP snooping switches
in between the hosts and the last "router". There are almost always
some layer 2 IGMP snooping devices in between them.

Also, there are already well established and widely-available
solutions to collect accounting data from broadband subscribers. As
long as the last hop "router" has the membership information, it will
be sufficient for all magics to happen. There is no need to propogate
such information via a routing protocol to the PIM RP.


> 
> 2. Unicast the multicast packet.
> 
> The problem here is to preserve the IP group address information
> somehow, while creating a unicast packet which is originated by the
> closest multicast router to each host. Many people expressed a
> dislike for some sort of tunnel. I agree. How difficult would it be
> to create a new IP header option, which would incorporate (S, G)?
> This ought to work for IPv4 or IPv6. When this new option is
> invoked, the end user knows to read the incoming packet as a
> multicast packet. The IP Souce Address of the packet would be the
> multicast router's source address, but the actual multicast source
> address is preserved, along with the group address, in the new
> option overhead words (making this compatible with SSM).

The cost of turning on multicast on the last hop router can not
be avoided or postponed. Period.

I know there are some interests in trying this out. But it won't
really have the effect folks imagined. Neither the subscriber nor the
last mile service provider or even the content provider will see a big
difference. They will conclude that multicast does not really matter.

> 
> 3. IGMP in the unicast-only edge router environment.
> 
> IGMP relies on multicast addressing entirely. What if IGMP frames
> were sent by the multicast router to each member of the group using
> the scheme described in #2 above? A well-known UDP Port ID could be
> used to differentiate this IGMP "unicast multicast" packet from the
> normal data "unicast multicast" packets. The source address
> incorporated in (S,G) in the new IP header option words, for this
> unicast IGMP query, would match the IP Source Address of the packet,
> both source addressing being the address of the closest multicast
> router.

See comment above.


-Liming

> 
> 4. To which hosts are IGMP all hosts queries sent?
> 
> With normal IGMP, all hosts queries are sent to the "all hosts"
> multicast address. Also, with normal IGMP, hosts can send join
> reports immediately, without waiting for an IGMP query. Neither of
> these mechanisms can work here. Can we postulate a separate "cold
> start" mechanism here? Such as a web site, which permits hosts to
> indicate they want to join a particular multicast group, which in
> turn causes the appropriate multicast router for that host to start
> sending the unicast IGMP queries to that host? At which point, of
> course, the joiner will know the unicast address of the multicast
> router? Etc. etc.?



> 
> Bert
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> 

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 16:45:35 -0700

>> Actually the model that Tom is talking about sounds kind of like
>> REUNITE (Infocom 2000), which just uses unicast address+port pairs
>> to identify multicast groups.

    But then a multicast-capable router can't turn this join-request into a
    PIM Join to send upstream into the native-multicast topology.

Dino

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Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2003 16:45:35 -0700

>> Actually the model that Tom is talking about sounds kind of like
>> REUNITE (Infocom 2000), which just uses unicast address+port pairs
>> to identify multicast groups.

    But then a multicast-capable router can't turn this join-request into a
    PIM Join to send upstream into the native-multicast topology.

Dino

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*,

Hey, we got the BOF moved to room IK (same time slot) so the festivities
can be mcasted to those unable to attend.

See you all tomorrow night.

Thanks,
Greg

On Fri, 11 Jul 2003, Ross Finlayson wrote:

> To Greg Shepherd et al,
>
> Do you know yet whether or not this BOF will be multicast?  The IETF
> multicast schedule <http://www.ietf.org/meetings/multicast_57.html> still
> shows an open slot for that time (Monday 1930-2200), but the multicast room
> for channel 1 - Hall IK - appears to be available.
>
> Like many people, I'm not able to make it to Vienna, but I'll be watching
> the MBone sessions from home (using UMTP - a proven 'last mile' multicast
> tunneling protocol that's been  in use for several years :-)
>
> 	Ross.
>
>



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*,

Hey, we got the BOF moved to room IK (same time slot) so the festivities
can be mcasted to those unable to attend.

See you all tomorrow night.

Thanks,
Greg

On Fri, 11 Jul 2003, Ross Finlayson wrote:

> To Greg Shepherd et al,
>
> Do you know yet whether or not this BOF will be multicast?  The IETF
> multicast schedule <http://www.ietf.org/meetings/multicast_57.html> still
> shows an open slot for that time (Monday 1930-2200), but the multicast room
> for channel 1 - Hall IK - appears to be available.
>
> Like many people, I'm not able to make it to Vienna, but I'll be watching
> the MBone sessions from home (using UMTP - a proven 'last mile' multicast
> tunneling protocol that's been  in use for several years :-)
>
> 	Ross.
>
>



_______________________________________________
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routing-discussion@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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I missed the latter part of the panel discussion in the Routing Area meeting
in Vienna.  Although I doubt any conclusions were reached, were there any
action items that came about (e.g., produce problem statement, applicability
notes or other)?

-danny


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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 10:23:55 -0700

>> I missed the latter part of the panel discussion in the Routing Area meeting
>> in Vienna.  Although I doubt any conclusions were reached, were there any
>> action items that came about (e.g., produce problem statement, applicability
>> notes or other)?

	I had suggested producing a problem statement
	(http://www.1-4-5.net/~dmm/IETF57/routing_area), 
	which is something I'm working on, though I don't know
	how much traction there really was for such a thing. In
	any event, ss soon as I have a strawperson statement I'll
	post it here. 

	Dave

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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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I missed the latter part of the panel discussion in the Routing Area meeting
in Vienna.  Although I doubt any conclusions were reached, were there any
action items that came about (e.g., produce problem statement, applicability
notes or other)?

-danny


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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 10:23:55 -0700

>> I missed the latter part of the panel discussion in the Routing Area meeting
>> in Vienna.  Although I doubt any conclusions were reached, were there any
>> action items that came about (e.g., produce problem statement, applicability
>> notes or other)?

	I had suggested producing a problem statement
	(http://www.1-4-5.net/~dmm/IETF57/routing_area), 
	which is something I'm working on, though I don't know
	how much traction there really was for such a thing. In
	any event, ss soon as I have a strawperson statement I'll
	post it here. 

	Dave

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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 17:45:17 -0700 (PDT)

> I had suggested producing a problem statement

I second the motion (if this is a motion :-))

> ss soon as I have a strawperson statement I'll
> post it here. 

Wonderful!

Kireeti.

PS: Good X-philosophy!

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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 17:45:17 -0700 (PDT)

> I had suggested producing a problem statement

I second the motion (if this is a motion :-))

> ss soon as I have a strawperson statement I'll
> post it here. 

Wonderful!

Kireeti.

PS: Good X-philosophy!

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 23 08:57:36 2003
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From: =?gb2312?q?Jing=20Shen?= <jshen_cad@yahoo.com.cn>
Subject: load distribution and smoothing when route flaps
To: end2end-interest@postel.org
Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org, OSPF@PEACH.EASE.LSOFT.COM, te-wg@ops.ietf.org
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Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2003 20:55:21 +0800 (CST)
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Hi, (' spamcontrol ')

In past days, we talked with someone from one of the
main ISP in China. He present us a question as: how to
smooth load migration when the primary outgoing link
goes down? The network topo. could be abbreviated as:

   Secondary outgoing link           backup link
    -----                      ------
         \                   /
          \                 /
          --------------------
          |     AS (OSPF)    |
          --------------------
                  |
                  | primary outgoing link
                  |

In normal state, about 90% outgoing traffic flows
through primary outgoing link, 10% or less on
Secondary link.( the bandwidht of primary is times of
secondary link, which is more than backup link)


The problem comes when primary outgoing link goes
down. At this time, they(ISP engineers) have to
redirect traffic to backup link and secondary link
manually if the other two links are needed to be used,
or only secondary link will carry all traffic. When
primary link comes up, the phenomenon is: neary all
traffic migrates to primary link and load on primary
link may reach 100% or so.=20

the questions:

1. How does those ISPs around make full use of
outgoing link capacity as well as guaranteeing service
quality?

2. Is there any method proposed to smooth traffic
migration in either intra-AS or inter-AS situation?
How does those ISPs deal with such situation?

3. Although DiffServ has been discussed for years,
they do not deploy it. Why should we talk so much
about DS-TE ? =20

4. We've spent a lot time with e2e policy around, but
if the traffic delivery method is kept to very simple
one, is that skeptible to achive a cost-effective and
high performance network without introducing more
intellenge into core networks?=20

thanks a lot.

regards



=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Jing Shen

State Key Lab of CAD&CG
ZheJiang University(YuQuan)
HangZhou, ZheJiang Province 310027
P.R.China

_________________________________________________________
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Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2003 20:55:21 +0800 (CST)
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Hi, (' spamcontrol ')

In past days, we talked with someone from one of the
main ISP in China. He present us a question as: how to
smooth load migration when the primary outgoing link
goes down? The network topo. could be abbreviated as:

   Secondary outgoing link           backup link
    -----                      ------
         \                   /
          \                 /
          --------------------
          |     AS (OSPF)    |
          --------------------
                  |
                  | primary outgoing link
                  |

In normal state, about 90% outgoing traffic flows
through primary outgoing link, 10% or less on
Secondary link.( the bandwidht of primary is times of
secondary link, which is more than backup link)


The problem comes when primary outgoing link goes
down. At this time, they(ISP engineers) have to
redirect traffic to backup link and secondary link
manually if the other two links are needed to be used,
or only secondary link will carry all traffic. When
primary link comes up, the phenomenon is: neary all
traffic migrates to primary link and load on primary
link may reach 100% or so.=20

the questions:

1. How does those ISPs around make full use of
outgoing link capacity as well as guaranteeing service
quality?

2. Is there any method proposed to smooth traffic
migration in either intra-AS or inter-AS situation?
How does those ISPs deal with such situation?

3. Although DiffServ has been discussed for years,
they do not deploy it. Why should we talk so much
about DS-TE ? =20

4. We've spent a lot time with e2e policy around, but
if the traffic delivery method is kept to very simple
one, is that skeptible to achive a cost-effective and
high performance network without introducing more
intellenge into core networks?=20

thanks a lot.

regards



=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Jing Shen

State Key Lab of CAD&CG
ZheJiang University(YuQuan)
HangZhou, ZheJiang Province 310027
P.R.China

_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?=20
=CA=EE=C6=DA=B4=F3=C6=AC=C6=EB=BE=DB=D1=C5=BB=A2=CD=A8 =CD=F8=C2=E7=C9=E3=
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=C0=B4=C4=C3
http://cn.rd.yahoo.com/mail_cn/tag/?http://cn.promo.yahoo.com/minisite/me=
ssenger1/

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>> PS: Good X-philosophy!

Thanks :-)



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>> PS: Good X-philosophy!

Thanks :-)



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Danny, et al-

 There are two main things that I took out of the meeting:

  1. Though we didn't reach consensus that RP overloading is a problem
     (as I said in the beginning, the community is quite polarized on
     this question), the number of concerned people was much more than
     I expected. In other words, we do not have a consensus that RP
     overloading is a non-issue.

  2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
     creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit
     some of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized
     info distribution protocol. There was a very strong consensus
     in the room that we should do so. This is a very important step,
     I believe, and will be following up on this soon.

  It would also be useful to document what people concerned with RP
  overloading consider as potential problems. This should map nicely
  to Dave's problem statement idea.

  BTW, I'm planning on sending the minutes within a week--need to
  sync up notes taken by Ross and Dimitri.
  
-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Tuesday, July 22, 2003, 9:55:19 AM, Danny McPherson wrote:

> I missed the latter part of the panel discussion in the Routing Area meeting
> in Vienna.  Although I doubt any conclusions were reached, were there any
> action items that came about (e.g., produce problem statement, applicability
> notes or other)?

> -danny


> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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Danny, et al-

 There are two main things that I took out of the meeting:

  1. Though we didn't reach consensus that RP overloading is a problem
     (as I said in the beginning, the community is quite polarized on
     this question), the number of concerned people was much more than
     I expected. In other words, we do not have a consensus that RP
     overloading is a non-issue.

  2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
     creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit
     some of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized
     info distribution protocol. There was a very strong consensus
     in the room that we should do so. This is a very important step,
     I believe, and will be following up on this soon.

  It would also be useful to document what people concerned with RP
  overloading consider as potential problems. This should map nicely
  to Dave's problem statement idea.

  BTW, I'm planning on sending the minutes within a week--need to
  sync up notes taken by Ross and Dimitri.
  
-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Tuesday, July 22, 2003, 9:55:19 AM, Danny McPherson wrote:

> I missed the latter part of the panel discussion in the Routing Area meeting
> in Vienna.  Although I doubt any conclusions were reached, were there any
> action items that came about (e.g., produce problem statement, applicability
> notes or other)?

> -danny


> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


_______________________________________________
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Date: Thu, 24 Jul 2003 20:06:05 -0700 (PDT)
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Alex Zinin writes:

>   2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
> creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit some
> of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized info
> distribution protocol. There was a very strong consensus in the room
> that we should do so. This is a very important step, I believe, and
> will be following up on this soon.

The problem w/ the question that you asked is that you made no mention
of any drawbacks associated w/ such a choice...

It is a bit like asking a room full of people if they want to receive
a million dollars. Everybody will raise their hands but in fact the
deal may not be much better than the business oportunities from
Nigeria that one receives daily. :-)

Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
and that there several services that are in consideration, it is not
clear to me that the community will be able to agree on which subsets
are wanted and which unwanted. Either in BGP or in any new protocol.

An (incomplete) list of services would be:
ipv4-unicast, ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/
ipv4 / ipv6 / unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast,
vpn auto-discovery, bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

One interesting question is how do you go about defining which subsets
of services fit where... given that different providers want different
subsets and that the rational is that the service a SP don't care
about should not be in the protocol that is used by that SP, it would
seem to me that you need one protocol per service/application.

Developing a single additional protocol doesn't seem to fit the bill,
as far as i can see. Or at least not based in the rational presented.

And if the new protocol under discussion is not subject to "overload"
considerations then the question needs to be why not ? Is there some
new technical ability that will be added to it ? If so why not add it
to BGP itself?    

Or is the intention to add a new protocol per service/application ?
I would be very surprised if that where to result in increased
software quality.

I believe that the drawbacks of a given decision have to be
considered. The discussion in Vienna was about the existence of a
problem w/ routing protocol overload. I don't think it is fair game to
attempt to establish consensus on a question that was not discussed
and that you asked in the last second of the meeting immediatly
cutting off discussion.

regards,
  Pedro.  

_______________________________________________
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To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Alex Zinin writes:

>   2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
> creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit some
> of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized info
> distribution protocol. There was a very strong consensus in the room
> that we should do so. This is a very important step, I believe, and
> will be following up on this soon.

The problem w/ the question that you asked is that you made no mention
of any drawbacks associated w/ such a choice...

It is a bit like asking a room full of people if they want to receive
a million dollars. Everybody will raise their hands but in fact the
deal may not be much better than the business oportunities from
Nigeria that one receives daily. :-)

Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
and that there several services that are in consideration, it is not
clear to me that the community will be able to agree on which subsets
are wanted and which unwanted. Either in BGP or in any new protocol.

An (incomplete) list of services would be:
ipv4-unicast, ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/
ipv4 / ipv6 / unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast,
vpn auto-discovery, bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

One interesting question is how do you go about defining which subsets
of services fit where... given that different providers want different
subsets and that the rational is that the service a SP don't care
about should not be in the protocol that is used by that SP, it would
seem to me that you need one protocol per service/application.

Developing a single additional protocol doesn't seem to fit the bill,
as far as i can see. Or at least not based in the rational presented.

And if the new protocol under discussion is not subject to "overload"
considerations then the question needs to be why not ? Is there some
new technical ability that will be added to it ? If so why not add it
to BGP itself?    

Or is the intention to add a new protocol per service/application ?
I would be very surprised if that where to result in increased
software quality.

I believe that the drawbacks of a given decision have to be
considered. The discussion in Vienna was about the existence of a
problem w/ routing protocol overload. I don't think it is fair game to
attempt to establish consensus on a question that was not discussed
and that you asked in the last second of the meeting immediatly
cutting off discussion.

regards,
  Pedro.  

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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To: Pedro Roque Marques <roque@juniper.net>
cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)

This  is a  very natural  desire, but  it is  difficult to  draw engineering
conclusions from it. 

Sure, if  someone has no  intention of deploying,  say, IPv6, they  will say
"please don't mess up BGP by putting  IPv6 stuff in it".  On the other hand,
if they  do want  to deploy IPv6  they'll say  "please don't make  me deploy
another  inter-AS routing  protocol just  to  handle IPv6;  can't you  just
extend BGP a little, I already know how to deal with that."  

Obviously  it is  impossible  for a  vendor  to provide  a  single piece  of
software that satisfies both groups.  And since, for any given feature, both
groups will always  exist, it is difficult to  obtain consensus.  The desire
cited above will never provide a good basis for deciding whether to extend a
particular protocol for a particular purpose or not. 









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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul 25 11:20:09 2003
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Subject: Extending BGP
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I wasn't in Vienna, but let me put in my two cents on why it sometimes makes
sense  to use BGP  for distributing  non-routing information.   Basically, I
think you  need to look at  the specific requirements  for distributing that
information.   (Yes,  I  know  this  isn't  as  much  fun  as  making  broad
generalizations ;-))

Consider a set of routers S such that: 

- Members of S know apriori that they are members of S, but they do not know
  apriori which other routers are members of S. 

- S is divided into subsets (not necessarily disjoint) such that all members
  of a subset share a certain attribute.  Thus for attribute A, we can speak
  of the A-subset of S.  

- Each member  of S is configured with  a set of "export  attributes", and a
  set of "import attributes". 

- If a router in S is configured  with export attribute E, it is a member of
  the E-subset. 

- If a router in S is configured  with import attribute I, it needs to learn
  the membership of the I-subset. 

- The  set  of  import and/or  export  attributes  with  which a  router  is
  configured  may change  at  any time;  changes  in the  membership of  the
  various A-subsets should be learned within minutes.

- The changes do not occur with great frequency. 

- The total number of attributes under consideration may be very large. 

- Members of  S cannot be assumed to  be in the same  Autonomous System, nor
  can  they necessarily  be assumed  to  be under  the control  of the  same
  administration.

Now  we  need  a  protocol  which  detects  changes  in  the  A-subsets  and
distributes these changes.  What requirements can be put on such a protocol: 

- It has to  provide a way for a  router to announce that it  has acquired a
  new export attribute. (Call this an "update" operation.)

- It has  to provide  a way for  a router  to announce that  it has  lost an
  export attribute.  (Call this a "withdraw" operation.) 

- For  scalability, we  prefer  that routers  which  are not  in  S are  not
  impacted by any  of this; in particular, they should  not need to maintain
  any state which is specific to S or any of its subsets.

Since the members of S do not know each other apriori, one might expect that
there will be a server involved, where  the members of S talk to the server,
and the  server redistributes the  information as necessary.  Of  course, we
usually want  to have each router  talking to two servers,  with the servers
also updating each other.  And to make sure the whole system scales up, we'd
like to be able to have  servers with different sets of "clients" talking to
each  other.  Since  we may  be passing  large amounts  of  information over
arbitrary  network  paths, we  need  to  have  a reliable,  flow  controlled
transport, and it would be  nice if the transport handled congestion control
as well.  A  point-to-point transport between clients and  servers seems the
best fit,  given that we  don't want to  burden any of S's  non-members with
S-specific state. 

To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each client
tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a given router only
receives the  information in which  it is interested.  (Call  this "outbound
attribute filtering".)  If  we have servers talking to  servers, it would be
nice to have  the outbound attribute filtering passed  around the servers in
some loop-free manner, but we can leave that for further study. 

If  you  put all  these  requirements together,  and  look  for an  existing
protocol to satisfy them, you are  inevitably led to BGP.  The salient issue
is  not whether  the attributes  that  need to  be distributed  are part  of
"routing",  but  whether the  requirements  for  the  distribution of  these
attributes  are very  similar to  the requirements  for the  distribution of
inter-domain routing information.  We are led to BGP because of a similarity
in the distribution requirements, not necessarily because of a similarity in
the information distributed.

Many alternatives  have been suggested  in the past,  but most of  them just
make BGP look even better ;-)






  















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To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Subject: Extending BGP
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             <10069799636.20030724180341@psg.com> 
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Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2003 11:17:09 -0400


I wasn't in Vienna, but let me put in my two cents on why it sometimes makes
sense  to use BGP  for distributing  non-routing information.   Basically, I
think you  need to look at  the specific requirements  for distributing that
information.   (Yes,  I  know  this  isn't  as  much  fun  as  making  broad
generalizations ;-))

Consider a set of routers S such that: 

- Members of S know apriori that they are members of S, but they do not know
  apriori which other routers are members of S. 

- S is divided into subsets (not necessarily disjoint) such that all members
  of a subset share a certain attribute.  Thus for attribute A, we can speak
  of the A-subset of S.  

- Each member  of S is configured with  a set of "export  attributes", and a
  set of "import attributes". 

- If a router in S is configured  with export attribute E, it is a member of
  the E-subset. 

- If a router in S is configured  with import attribute I, it needs to learn
  the membership of the I-subset. 

- The  set  of  import and/or  export  attributes  with  which a  router  is
  configured  may change  at  any time;  changes  in the  membership of  the
  various A-subsets should be learned within minutes.

- The changes do not occur with great frequency. 

- The total number of attributes under consideration may be very large. 

- Members of  S cannot be assumed to  be in the same  Autonomous System, nor
  can  they necessarily  be assumed  to  be under  the control  of the  same
  administration.

Now  we  need  a  protocol  which  detects  changes  in  the  A-subsets  and
distributes these changes.  What requirements can be put on such a protocol: 

- It has to  provide a way for a  router to announce that it  has acquired a
  new export attribute. (Call this an "update" operation.)

- It has  to provide  a way for  a router  to announce that  it has  lost an
  export attribute.  (Call this a "withdraw" operation.) 

- For  scalability, we  prefer  that routers  which  are not  in  S are  not
  impacted by any  of this; in particular, they should  not need to maintain
  any state which is specific to S or any of its subsets.

Since the members of S do not know each other apriori, one might expect that
there will be a server involved, where  the members of S talk to the server,
and the  server redistributes the  information as necessary.  Of  course, we
usually want  to have each router  talking to two servers,  with the servers
also updating each other.  And to make sure the whole system scales up, we'd
like to be able to have  servers with different sets of "clients" talking to
each  other.  Since  we may  be passing  large amounts  of  information over
arbitrary  network  paths, we  need  to  have  a reliable,  flow  controlled
transport, and it would be  nice if the transport handled congestion control
as well.  A  point-to-point transport between clients and  servers seems the
best fit,  given that we  don't want to  burden any of S's  non-members with
S-specific state. 

To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each client
tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a given router only
receives the  information in which  it is interested.  (Call  this "outbound
attribute filtering".)  If  we have servers talking to  servers, it would be
nice to have  the outbound attribute filtering passed  around the servers in
some loop-free manner, but we can leave that for further study. 

If  you  put all  these  requirements together,  and  look  for an  existing
protocol to satisfy them, you are  inevitably led to BGP.  The salient issue
is  not whether  the attributes  that  need to  be distributed  are part  of
"routing",  but  whether the  requirements  for  the  distribution of  these
attributes  are very  similar to  the requirements  for the  distribution of
inter-domain routing information.  We are led to BGP because of a similarity
in the distribution requirements, not necessarily because of a similarity in
the information distributed.

Many alternatives  have been suggested  in the past,  but most of  them just
make BGP look even better ;-)






  















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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul 25 11:43:28 2003
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 24 Jul 2003 20:06:05 -0700.
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> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)

This  is a  very natural  desire, but  it is  difficult to  draw engineering
conclusions from it. 

Sure, if  someone has no  intention of deploying,  say, IPv6, they  will say
"please don't mess up BGP by putting  IPv6 stuff in it".  On the other hand,
if they  do want  to deploy IPv6  they'll say  "please don't make  me deploy
another  inter-AS routing  protocol just  to  handle IPv6;  can't you  just
extend BGP a little, I already know how to deal with that."  

Obviously  it is  impossible  for a  vendor  to provide  a  single piece  of
software that satisfies both groups.  And since, for any given feature, both
groups will always  exist, it is difficult to  obtain consensus.  The desire
cited above will never provide a good basis for deciding whether to extend a
particular protocol for a particular purpose or not. 









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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Date: Thu, 24 Jul 2003 21:27:37 -0400

On Thu, Jul 24, 2003 06:03:41PM -0700, Alex Zinin allegedly wrote:
>   2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
>      creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit
>      some of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized
>      info distribution protocol. There was a very strong consensus
>      in the room that we should do so. This is a very important step,
>      I believe, and will be following up on this soon.

Do you (or anyone) have a summary of the pros and cons?

Thanks ... Scott

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Date: Thu, 24 Jul 2003 21:27:37 -0400

On Thu, Jul 24, 2003 06:03:41PM -0700, Alex Zinin allegedly wrote:
>   2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
>      creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit
>      some of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized
>      info distribution protocol. There was a very strong consensus
>      in the room that we should do so. This is a very important step,
>      I believe, and will be following up on this soon.

Do you (or anyone) have a summary of the pros and cons?

Thanks ... Scott

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul 28 11:27:41 2003
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Date: Mon, 28 Jul 2003 11:25:00 -0400


Jon> its always  attractive to overload "working"  infrastructures (vis DNS,
Jon> SIP,  etc etc)  but personally,  i believe  in choosing  ones  that are
Jon> aliged  with the  performance requirements  of the  application, rather
Jon> than ones that are barely able to meet existing demands

Using BGP as  a distribution protocol does not  necessarily imply hooking it
into the public  inter-domain routing infrastructure.  If BGP  is a suitable
protocol for distributing some  information, an infrastructure for that info
can be set up without impacting any pre-existing BGP infrastructure.

Jon> for  a  start you  create  other reasons  why  BGP  speakers might  get
Jon> overloaded,  might get  attacked,  might get  misconfigured, and  might
Jon> never converge 

Any  time you use  a protocol  to distribute  information, you  create these
possibilities, it's nothing to do with what protocol you're using. 







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Subject: Re: Extending BGP 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 26 Jul 2003 07:50:42 +0100.
             <E19gIt9-0000BC-00@wisbech.cl.cam.ac.uk> 
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Date: Mon, 28 Jul 2003 11:25:00 -0400


Jon> its always  attractive to overload "working"  infrastructures (vis DNS,
Jon> SIP,  etc etc)  but personally,  i believe  in choosing  ones  that are
Jon> aliged  with the  performance requirements  of the  application, rather
Jon> than ones that are barely able to meet existing demands

Using BGP as  a distribution protocol does not  necessarily imply hooking it
into the public  inter-domain routing infrastructure.  If BGP  is a suitable
protocol for distributing some  information, an infrastructure for that info
can be set up without impacting any pre-existing BGP infrastructure.

Jon> for  a  start you  create  other reasons  why  BGP  speakers might  get
Jon> overloaded,  might get  attacked,  might get  misconfigured, and  might
Jon> never converge 

Any  time you use  a protocol  to distribute  information, you  create these
possibilities, it's nothing to do with what protocol you're using. 







_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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Subject: Re: Extending BGP 
In-Reply-To: Message from Eric Rosen <erosen@cisco.com> 
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Date: Sat, 26 Jul 2003 07:50:42 +0100

In missive <200307251517.h6PFH9Ai020526@rtp-core-2.cisco.com>, Eric Rosen typed:

 >>I wasn't in Vienna, but let me put in my two cents on why it sometimes makes

unfortunately for the dollar, the cent does not go as far in europe as it used to:-)

 >>sense  to use BGP  for distributing  non-routing information.   Basically, I
 >>think you  need to look at  the specific requirements  for distributing that
 >>information.   (Yes,  I  know  this  isn't  as  much  fun  as  making  broad
 >>generalizations ;-))


despite your abstract argument (which i agree with) the point is that
distributing things that matter in an infrastructure that is severely broken
is a very bad idea - 

for a start you create other reasons why BGP speakers might get overloaded, might get
attacked, might get misconfigured, and might never converge - 

its always attractive to overload "working" infrastructures (vis DNS, SIP, etc etc) but
personally, i believe in choosing ones that are aliged with the performance requirements of
the application, rather than ones that are barely able to meet existing demands

 >>Consider a set of routers S such that: 
 >>
 >>- Members of S know apriori that they are members of S, but they do not know
 >>  apriori which other routers are members of S. 
 >>
 >>- S is divided into subsets (not necessarily disjoint) such that all members
 >>  of a subset share a certain attribute.  Thus for attribute A, we can speak
 >>  of the A-subset of S.  
 >>
 >>- Each member  of S is configured with  a set of "export  attributes", and a
 >>  set of "import attributes". 
 >>
 >>- If a router in S is configured  with export attribute E, it is a member of
 >>  the E-subset. 
 >>
 >>- If a router in S is configured  with import attribute I, it needs to learn
 >>  the membership of the I-subset. 
 >>
 >>- The  set  of  import and/or  export  attributes  with  which a  router  is
 >>  configured  may change  at  any time;  changes  in the  membership of  the
 >>  various A-subsets should be learned within minutes.
 >>
 >>- The changes do not occur with great frequency. 
 >>
 >>- The total number of attributes under consideration may be very large. 
 >>
 >>- Members of  S cannot be assumed to  be in the same  Autonomous System, nor
 >>  can  they necessarily  be assumed  to  be under  the control  of the  same
 >>  administration.
 >>
 >>Now  we  need  a  protocol  which  detects  changes  in  the  A-subsets  and
 >>distributes these changes.  What requirements can be put on such a protocol: 
 >>
 >>- It has to  provide a way for a  router to announce that it  has acquired a
 >>  new export attribute. (Call this an "update" operation.)
 >>
 >>- It has  to provide  a way for  a router  to announce that  it has  lost an
 >>  export attribute.  (Call this a "withdraw" operation.) 
 >>
 >>- For  scalability, we  prefer  that routers  which  are not  in  S are  not
 >>  impacted by any  of this; in particular, they should  not need to maintain
 >>  any state which is specific to S or any of its subsets.
 >>
 >>Since the members of S do not know each other apriori, one might expect that
 >>there will be a server involved, where  the members of S talk to the server,
 >>and the  server redistributes the  information as necessary.  Of  course, we
 >>usually want  to have each router  talking to two servers,  with the servers
 >>also updating each other.  And to make sure the whole system scales up, we'd
 >>like to be able to have  servers with different sets of "clients" talking to
 >>each  other.  Since  we may  be passing  large amounts  of  information over
 >>arbitrary  network  paths, we  need  to  have  a reliable,  flow  controlled
 >>transport, and it would be  nice if the transport handled congestion control
 >>as well.  A  point-to-point transport between clients and  servers seems the
 >>best fit,  given that we  don't want to  burden any of S's  non-members with
 >>S-specific state. 
 >>
 >>To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each client
 >>tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a given router only
 >>receives the  information in which  it is interested.  (Call  this "outbound
 >>attribute filtering".)  If  we have servers talking to  servers, it would be
 >>nice to have  the outbound attribute filtering passed  around the servers in
 >>some loop-free manner, but we can leave that for further study. 
 >>
 >>If  you  put all  these  requirements together,  and  look  for an  existing
 >>protocol to satisfy them, you are  inevitably led to BGP.  The salient issue
 >>is  not whether  the attributes  that  need to  be distributed  are part  of
 >>"routing",  but  whether the  requirements  for  the  distribution of  these
 >>attributes  are very  similar to  the requirements  for the  distribution of
 >>inter-domain routing information.  We are led to BGP because of a similarity
 >>in the distribution requirements, not necessarily because of a similarity in
 >>the information distributed.
 >>
 >>Many alternatives  have been suggested  in the past,  but most of  them just
 >>make BGP look even better ;-)
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>  
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>_______________________________________________
 >>routing-discussion mailing list
 >>routing-discussion@ietf.org
 >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

 cheers

   jon


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cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, Danny McPherson <danny@tcb.net>,
        routing-discussion@ietf.org, Jon.Crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk
Subject: Re: Extending BGP 
In-Reply-To: Message from Eric Rosen <erosen@cisco.com> 
   of "Fri, 25 Jul 2003 11:17:09 EDT." <200307251517.h6PFH9Ai020526@rtp-core-2.cisco.com> 
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Date: Sat, 26 Jul 2003 07:50:42 +0100

In missive <200307251517.h6PFH9Ai020526@rtp-core-2.cisco.com>, Eric Rosen typed:

 >>I wasn't in Vienna, but let me put in my two cents on why it sometimes makes

unfortunately for the dollar, the cent does not go as far in europe as it used to:-)

 >>sense  to use BGP  for distributing  non-routing information.   Basically, I
 >>think you  need to look at  the specific requirements  for distributing that
 >>information.   (Yes,  I  know  this  isn't  as  much  fun  as  making  broad
 >>generalizations ;-))


despite your abstract argument (which i agree with) the point is that
distributing things that matter in an infrastructure that is severely broken
is a very bad idea - 

for a start you create other reasons why BGP speakers might get overloaded, might get
attacked, might get misconfigured, and might never converge - 

its always attractive to overload "working" infrastructures (vis DNS, SIP, etc etc) but
personally, i believe in choosing ones that are aliged with the performance requirements of
the application, rather than ones that are barely able to meet existing demands

 >>Consider a set of routers S such that: 
 >>
 >>- Members of S know apriori that they are members of S, but they do not know
 >>  apriori which other routers are members of S. 
 >>
 >>- S is divided into subsets (not necessarily disjoint) such that all members
 >>  of a subset share a certain attribute.  Thus for attribute A, we can speak
 >>  of the A-subset of S.  
 >>
 >>- Each member  of S is configured with  a set of "export  attributes", and a
 >>  set of "import attributes". 
 >>
 >>- If a router in S is configured  with export attribute E, it is a member of
 >>  the E-subset. 
 >>
 >>- If a router in S is configured  with import attribute I, it needs to learn
 >>  the membership of the I-subset. 
 >>
 >>- The  set  of  import and/or  export  attributes  with  which a  router  is
 >>  configured  may change  at  any time;  changes  in the  membership of  the
 >>  various A-subsets should be learned within minutes.
 >>
 >>- The changes do not occur with great frequency. 
 >>
 >>- The total number of attributes under consideration may be very large. 
 >>
 >>- Members of  S cannot be assumed to  be in the same  Autonomous System, nor
 >>  can  they necessarily  be assumed  to  be under  the control  of the  same
 >>  administration.
 >>
 >>Now  we  need  a  protocol  which  detects  changes  in  the  A-subsets  and
 >>distributes these changes.  What requirements can be put on such a protocol: 
 >>
 >>- It has to  provide a way for a  router to announce that it  has acquired a
 >>  new export attribute. (Call this an "update" operation.)
 >>
 >>- It has  to provide  a way for  a router  to announce that  it has  lost an
 >>  export attribute.  (Call this a "withdraw" operation.) 
 >>
 >>- For  scalability, we  prefer  that routers  which  are not  in  S are  not
 >>  impacted by any  of this; in particular, they should  not need to maintain
 >>  any state which is specific to S or any of its subsets.
 >>
 >>Since the members of S do not know each other apriori, one might expect that
 >>there will be a server involved, where  the members of S talk to the server,
 >>and the  server redistributes the  information as necessary.  Of  course, we
 >>usually want  to have each router  talking to two servers,  with the servers
 >>also updating each other.  And to make sure the whole system scales up, we'd
 >>like to be able to have  servers with different sets of "clients" talking to
 >>each  other.  Since  we may  be passing  large amounts  of  information over
 >>arbitrary  network  paths, we  need  to  have  a reliable,  flow  controlled
 >>transport, and it would be  nice if the transport handled congestion control
 >>as well.  A  point-to-point transport between clients and  servers seems the
 >>best fit,  given that we  don't want to  burden any of S's  non-members with
 >>S-specific state. 
 >>
 >>To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each client
 >>tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a given router only
 >>receives the  information in which  it is interested.  (Call  this "outbound
 >>attribute filtering".)  If  we have servers talking to  servers, it would be
 >>nice to have  the outbound attribute filtering passed  around the servers in
 >>some loop-free manner, but we can leave that for further study. 
 >>
 >>If  you  put all  these  requirements together,  and  look  for an  existing
 >>protocol to satisfy them, you are  inevitably led to BGP.  The salient issue
 >>is  not whether  the attributes  that  need to  be distributed  are part  of
 >>"routing",  but  whether the  requirements  for  the  distribution of  these
 >>attributes  are very  similar to  the requirements  for the  distribution of
 >>inter-domain routing information.  We are led to BGP because of a similarity
 >>in the distribution requirements, not necessarily because of a similarity in
 >>the information distributed.
 >>
 >>Many alternatives  have been suggested  in the past,  but most of  them just
 >>make BGP look even better ;-)
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>
 >>  
 >>
 >>
 >>
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 cheers

   jon


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Pedro,

> The problem w/ the question that you asked is that you made no mention
> of any drawbacks associated w/ such a choice...

> It is a bit like asking a room full of people if they want to receive
> a million dollars. Everybody will raise their hands but in fact the
> deal may not be much better than the business oportunities from
> Nigeria that one receives daily. :-)

[reordering paras a bit]

> I believe that the drawbacks of a given decision have to be
> considered. The discussion in Vienna was about the existence of a
> problem w/ routing protocol overload. I don't think it is fair game to
> attempt to establish consensus on a question that was not discussed
> and that you asked in the last second of the meeting immediatly
> cutting off discussion.

I see no harm at all in taking the sense of the room about the
interest in exploring a certain direction based on the discussion
about the existence of the problem. My reading of this is that we
clearly need an alternative solution to overloaded BGP. We certainly
need to discuss further details.

> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
> and that there several services that are in consideration, it is not
> clear to me that the community will be able to agree on which subsets
> are wanted and which unwanted. Either in BGP or in any new protocol.

> An (incomplete) list of services would be:
> ipv4-unicast, ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/
> ipv4 / ipv6 / unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast,
> vpn auto-discovery, bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be a
no-op. I also believe that we have a certain level of agreement (based
on my discussions within the rtg-dir, and in the hall-ways) that there
are certain types of information that should be distributed within the
RP. The major point of contention seems to be distribution of
information that is not really routing-related or tightly coupled with
it, such as VPN discovery and signaling, etc.

What I am planning to do is ask the RTG directorate to document the
discussion we had about this and come up with a document listing those
considerations. We would then discuss this document here.

> One interesting question is how do you go about defining which subsets
> of services fit where... given that different providers want different
> subsets and that the rational is that the service a SP don't care
> about should not be in the protocol that is used by that SP, it would
> seem to me that you need one protocol per service/application.

> Developing a single additional protocol doesn't seem to fit the bill,
> as far as i can see. Or at least not based in the rational presented.

> And if the new protocol under discussion is not subject to "overload"
> considerations then the question needs to be why not ? Is there some
> new technical ability that will be added to it ? If so why not add it
> to BGP itself?    

> Or is the intention to add a new protocol per service/application ?
> I would be very surprised if that where to result in increased
> software quality.

The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
(similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.

I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
separate protocol for it.

Alex


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul 29 15:54:31 2003
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Eric,

  See my reply to Pedro, please.

  Arguing that we should stop putting _any_ features in BGP would
  seem a non-starter to me. I believe the discussion is about
  non-routing applications of the MP-BGP framework.
  
-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Friday, July 25, 2003, 7:51:24 AM, Eric Rosen wrote:

>> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
>> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
>> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
>> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)

> This  is a  very natural  desire, but  it is  difficult to  draw engineering
> conclusions from it. 

> Sure, if  someone has no  intention of deploying,  say, IPv6, they  will say
> "please don't mess up BGP by putting  IPv6 stuff in it".  On the other hand,
> if they  do want  to deploy IPv6  they'll say  "please don't make  me deploy
> another  inter-AS routing  protocol just  to  handle IPv6;  can't you  just
> extend BGP a little, I already know how to deal with that."  

> Obviously  it is  impossible  for a  vendor  to provide  a  single piece  of
> software that satisfies both groups.  And since, for any given feature, both
> groups will always  exist, it is difficult to  obtain consensus.  The desire
> cited above will never provide a good basis for deciding whether to extend a
> particular protocol for a particular purpose or not. 


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Eric,

  See my reply to Pedro, please.

  Arguing that we should stop putting _any_ features in BGP would
  seem a non-starter to me. I believe the discussion is about
  non-routing applications of the MP-BGP framework.
  
-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Friday, July 25, 2003, 7:51:24 AM, Eric Rosen wrote:

>> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
>> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
>> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
>> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)

> This  is a  very natural  desire, but  it is  difficult to  draw engineering
> conclusions from it. 

> Sure, if  someone has no  intention of deploying,  say, IPv6, they  will say
> "please don't mess up BGP by putting  IPv6 stuff in it".  On the other hand,
> if they  do want  to deploy IPv6  they'll say  "please don't make  me deploy
> another  inter-AS routing  protocol just  to  handle IPv6;  can't you  just
> extend BGP a little, I already know how to deal with that."  

> Obviously  it is  impossible  for a  vendor  to provide  a  single piece  of
> software that satisfies both groups.  And since, for any given feature, both
> groups will always  exist, it is difficult to  obtain consensus.  The desire
> cited above will never provide a good basis for deciding whether to extend a
> particular protocol for a particular purpose or not. 


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Eric,

> I wasn't in Vienna, but let me put in my two cents on why it sometimes makes
> sense  to use BGP  for distributing  non-routing information.   Basically, I
> think you  need to look at  the specific requirements  for distributing that
> information.   (Yes,  I  know  this  isn't  as  much  fun  as  making  broad
> generalizations ;-))

> Consider a set of routers S such that: 

> - Members of S know apriori that they are members of S, but they do not know
>   apriori which other routers are members of S. 

> - S is divided into subsets (not necessarily disjoint) such that all members
>   of a subset share a certain attribute.  Thus for attribute A, we can speak
>   of the A-subset of S.  

> - Each member  of S is configured with  a set of "export  attributes", and a
>   set of "import attributes". 

> - If a router in S is configured  with export attribute E, it is a member of
>   the E-subset. 

> - If a router in S is configured  with import attribute I, it needs to learn
>   the membership of the I-subset. 

> - The  set  of  import and/or  export  attributes  with  which a  router  is
>   configured  may change  at  any time;  changes  in the  membership of  the
>   various A-subsets should be learned within minutes.

> - The changes do not occur with great frequency. 

> - The total number of attributes under consideration may be very large. 

> - Members of  S cannot be assumed to  be in the same  Autonomous System, nor
>   can  they necessarily  be assumed  to  be under  the control  of the  same
>   administration.

> Now  we  need  a  protocol  which  detects  changes  in  the  A-subsets  and
> distributes these changes.  What requirements can be put on such a protocol: 

> - It has to  provide a way for a  router to announce that it  has acquired a
>   new export attribute. (Call this an "update" operation.)

> - It has  to provide  a way for  a router  to announce that  it has  lost an
>   export attribute.  (Call this a "withdraw" operation.) 

> - For  scalability, we  prefer  that routers  which  are not  in  S are  not
>   impacted by any  of this; in particular, they should  not need to maintain
>   any state which is specific to S or any of its subsets.

> Since the members of S do not know each other apriori, one might expect that
> there will be a server involved, where  the members of S talk to the server,
> and the  server redistributes the  information as necessary.  Of  course, we
> usually want  to have each router  talking to two servers,  with the servers
> also updating each other.  And to make sure the whole system scales up, we'd
> like to be able to have  servers with different sets of "clients" talking to
> each  other.  Since  we may  be passing  large amounts  of  information over
> arbitrary  network  paths, we  need  to  have  a reliable,  flow  controlled
> transport, and it would be  nice if the transport handled congestion control
> as well.  A  point-to-point transport between clients and  servers seems the
> best fit,  given that we  don't want to  burden any of S's  non-members with
> S-specific state. 

> To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each client
> tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a given router only
> receives the  information in which  it is interested.  (Call  this "outbound
> attribute filtering".)  If  we have servers talking to  servers, it would be
> nice to have  the outbound attribute filtering passed  around the servers in
> some loop-free manner, but we can leave that for further study. 

Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
This is at least what I would have in mind.

> If  you  put all  these  requirements together,  and  look  for an  existing
> protocol to satisfy them, you are  inevitably led to BGP.  The salient issue
> is  not whether  the attributes  that  need to  be distributed  are part  of
> "routing",  but  whether the  requirements  for  the  distribution of  these
> attributes  are very  similar to  the requirements  for the  distribution of
> inter-domain routing information.  We are led to BGP because of a similarity
> in the distribution requirements, not necessarily because of a similarity in
> the information distributed.

> Many alternatives  have been suggested  in the past,  but most of  them just
> make BGP look even better ;-)

And that's why, if we follow the direction of instantiating a separate
protocol, it would most probably inherit a lot from MP-BGP. I.e., the
idea is that it would have a very similar framework, though work over
a different TCP port number, and would live its own life with
independent (from BGP) features, extensions, optimizations, etc.

[from your thread with Jon:]

Jon>> for  a  start you  create  other reasons  why  BGP  speakers might  get
Jon>> overloaded,  might get  attacked,  might get  misconfigured, and  might
Jon>> never converge 
> 
> Any  time you use  a protocol  to distribute  information, you  create these
> possibilities, it's nothing to do with what protocol you're using. 

I think the argument here is about risk assessment and management.

Though it is possible to do a fine job of clearly separating different
applications of the same protocol within the system, using a separate
protocol makes it much more likely to happen.

Alex


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Scott,

> Do you (or anyone) have a summary of the pros and cons?

I have some in my head, but not in writing.

Should be an interesting exercise. Would be faster if someone took the
first crack at this and we would then discuss it on this list.
Otherwise, we'll have to wait for me :)

Alex


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Scott,

> Do you (or anyone) have a summary of the pros and cons?

I have some in my head, but not in writing.

Should be an interesting exercise. Would be faster if someone took the
first crack at this and we would then discuss it on this list.
Otherwise, we'll have to wait for me :)

Alex


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Pedro,

> The problem w/ the question that you asked is that you made no mention
> of any drawbacks associated w/ such a choice...

> It is a bit like asking a room full of people if they want to receive
> a million dollars. Everybody will raise their hands but in fact the
> deal may not be much better than the business oportunities from
> Nigeria that one receives daily. :-)

[reordering paras a bit]

> I believe that the drawbacks of a given decision have to be
> considered. The discussion in Vienna was about the existence of a
> problem w/ routing protocol overload. I don't think it is fair game to
> attempt to establish consensus on a question that was not discussed
> and that you asked in the last second of the meeting immediatly
> cutting off discussion.

I see no harm at all in taking the sense of the room about the
interest in exploring a certain direction based on the discussion
about the existence of the problem. My reading of this is that we
clearly need an alternative solution to overloaded BGP. We certainly
need to discuss further details.

> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
> and that there several services that are in consideration, it is not
> clear to me that the community will be able to agree on which subsets
> are wanted and which unwanted. Either in BGP or in any new protocol.

> An (incomplete) list of services would be:
> ipv4-unicast, ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/
> ipv4 / ipv6 / unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast,
> vpn auto-discovery, bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be a
no-op. I also believe that we have a certain level of agreement (based
on my discussions within the rtg-dir, and in the hall-ways) that there
are certain types of information that should be distributed within the
RP. The major point of contention seems to be distribution of
information that is not really routing-related or tightly coupled with
it, such as VPN discovery and signaling, etc.

What I am planning to do is ask the RTG directorate to document the
discussion we had about this and come up with a document listing those
considerations. We would then discuss this document here.

> One interesting question is how do you go about defining which subsets
> of services fit where... given that different providers want different
> subsets and that the rational is that the service a SP don't care
> about should not be in the protocol that is used by that SP, it would
> seem to me that you need one protocol per service/application.

> Developing a single additional protocol doesn't seem to fit the bill,
> as far as i can see. Or at least not based in the rational presented.

> And if the new protocol under discussion is not subject to "overload"
> considerations then the question needs to be why not ? Is there some
> new technical ability that will be added to it ? If so why not add it
> to BGP itself?    

> Or is the intention to add a new protocol per service/application ?
> I would be very surprised if that where to result in increased
> software quality.

The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
(similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.

I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
separate protocol for it.

Alex


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Eric,

> I wasn't in Vienna, but let me put in my two cents on why it sometimes makes
> sense  to use BGP  for distributing  non-routing information.   Basically, I
> think you  need to look at  the specific requirements  for distributing that
> information.   (Yes,  I  know  this  isn't  as  much  fun  as  making  broad
> generalizations ;-))

> Consider a set of routers S such that: 

> - Members of S know apriori that they are members of S, but they do not know
>   apriori which other routers are members of S. 

> - S is divided into subsets (not necessarily disjoint) such that all members
>   of a subset share a certain attribute.  Thus for attribute A, we can speak
>   of the A-subset of S.  

> - Each member  of S is configured with  a set of "export  attributes", and a
>   set of "import attributes". 

> - If a router in S is configured  with export attribute E, it is a member of
>   the E-subset. 

> - If a router in S is configured  with import attribute I, it needs to learn
>   the membership of the I-subset. 

> - The  set  of  import and/or  export  attributes  with  which a  router  is
>   configured  may change  at  any time;  changes  in the  membership of  the
>   various A-subsets should be learned within minutes.

> - The changes do not occur with great frequency. 

> - The total number of attributes under consideration may be very large. 

> - Members of  S cannot be assumed to  be in the same  Autonomous System, nor
>   can  they necessarily  be assumed  to  be under  the control  of the  same
>   administration.

> Now  we  need  a  protocol  which  detects  changes  in  the  A-subsets  and
> distributes these changes.  What requirements can be put on such a protocol: 

> - It has to  provide a way for a  router to announce that it  has acquired a
>   new export attribute. (Call this an "update" operation.)

> - It has  to provide  a way for  a router  to announce that  it has  lost an
>   export attribute.  (Call this a "withdraw" operation.) 

> - For  scalability, we  prefer  that routers  which  are not  in  S are  not
>   impacted by any  of this; in particular, they should  not need to maintain
>   any state which is specific to S or any of its subsets.

> Since the members of S do not know each other apriori, one might expect that
> there will be a server involved, where  the members of S talk to the server,
> and the  server redistributes the  information as necessary.  Of  course, we
> usually want  to have each router  talking to two servers,  with the servers
> also updating each other.  And to make sure the whole system scales up, we'd
> like to be able to have  servers with different sets of "clients" talking to
> each  other.  Since  we may  be passing  large amounts  of  information over
> arbitrary  network  paths, we  need  to  have  a reliable,  flow  controlled
> transport, and it would be  nice if the transport handled congestion control
> as well.  A  point-to-point transport between clients and  servers seems the
> best fit,  given that we  don't want to  burden any of S's  non-members with
> S-specific state. 

> To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each client
> tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a given router only
> receives the  information in which  it is interested.  (Call  this "outbound
> attribute filtering".)  If  we have servers talking to  servers, it would be
> nice to have  the outbound attribute filtering passed  around the servers in
> some loop-free manner, but we can leave that for further study. 

Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
This is at least what I would have in mind.

> If  you  put all  these  requirements together,  and  look  for an  existing
> protocol to satisfy them, you are  inevitably led to BGP.  The salient issue
> is  not whether  the attributes  that  need to  be distributed  are part  of
> "routing",  but  whether the  requirements  for  the  distribution of  these
> attributes  are very  similar to  the requirements  for the  distribution of
> inter-domain routing information.  We are led to BGP because of a similarity
> in the distribution requirements, not necessarily because of a similarity in
> the information distributed.

> Many alternatives  have been suggested  in the past,  but most of  them just
> make BGP look even better ;-)

And that's why, if we follow the direction of instantiating a separate
protocol, it would most probably inherit a lot from MP-BGP. I.e., the
idea is that it would have a very similar framework, though work over
a different TCP port number, and would live its own life with
independent (from BGP) features, extensions, optimizations, etc.

[from your thread with Jon:]

Jon>> for  a  start you  create  other reasons  why  BGP  speakers might  get
Jon>> overloaded,  might get  attacked,  might get  misconfigured, and  might
Jon>> never converge 
> 
> Any  time you use  a protocol  to distribute  information, you  create these
> possibilities, it's nothing to do with what protocol you're using. 

I think the argument here is about risk assessment and management.

Though it is possible to do a fine job of clearly separating different
applications of the same protocol within the system, using a separate
protocol makes it much more likely to happen.

Alex


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At 6:03 PM -0700 7/24/03, Alex Zinin wrote:
>   2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
>      creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit
>      some of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized
>      info distribution protocol.

Does a set of (prefix, next hop) information fall under the heading 
of "generalized info"?  It seems only sensible that it does.  Given 
that, wouldn't it be good engineering to use this GIDP you speak of 
for distribution of such information, instead of maintaining two 
protocols one of which is a functional subset of the other?

If not, why not, and why is the GIDP suitable for every other type of 
"generalized" information with only this one limitation?

If so, what makes the imaginary GIDP more suited for so-called 
"overloading" than BGP?  A clear answer to this question would likely 
be usable as requirements for improving BGP... which would be a 
positive outcome.

Let me also say I agree with Pedro and Eric's remarks.

--John

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Alex Zinin writes:

>> An (incomplete) list of services would be: ipv4-unicast,
>> ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/ ipv4 / ipv6 /
>> unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast, vpn auto-discovery,
>> bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be
> a no-op.

I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
little bit more and request you to define "already there".

What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same
> transport system.

One of the points that people keep ignoring is that the definition of
critical and non-critical is highly subjective and depends a lot on
who is making the call.

I work with customers to whom IP is non-critical while VPN services
are critical given that they make more money out of the latter
than the former (VPN services are also often sold as higher
reliability than IP service). I also work w/ customers that have a
completely opposite point of view.

Thus my definition of critical has necessarily to be the entire set of
services (ip unicast/multicast, 2547, l2vpns).

ipv6 routing is probably the service considered least critical by SPs
but even this one is critical to quite a few of them and a vendor is
force to treat it has such.

Personally i think that the assumption of "non-critical" is one of the
highest reasoning flaws in this discussion.

  Pedro.

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Alex Zinin writes:

>> An (incomplete) list of services would be: ipv4-unicast,
>> ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/ ipv4 / ipv6 /
>> unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast, vpn auto-discovery,
>> bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be
> a no-op.

I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
little bit more and request you to define "already there".

What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same
> transport system.

One of the points that people keep ignoring is that the definition of
critical and non-critical is highly subjective and depends a lot on
who is making the call.

I work with customers to whom IP is non-critical while VPN services
are critical given that they make more money out of the latter
than the former (VPN services are also often sold as higher
reliability than IP service). I also work w/ customers that have a
completely opposite point of view.

Thus my definition of critical has necessarily to be the entire set of
services (ip unicast/multicast, 2547, l2vpns).

ipv6 routing is probably the service considered least critical by SPs
but even this one is critical to quite a few of them and a vendor is
force to treat it has such.

Personally i think that the assumption of "non-critical" is one of the
highest reasoning flaws in this discussion.

  Pedro.

_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 17:20:43 -0400

At 6:03 PM -0700 7/24/03, Alex Zinin wrote:
>   2. At the end of the meeting I asked the room if we should pursue
>      creation of a separate protocol that would potentially inherit
>      some of the MP-BGP framework and would be used as a generalized
>      info distribution protocol.

Does a set of (prefix, next hop) information fall under the heading 
of "generalized info"?  It seems only sensible that it does.  Given 
that, wouldn't it be good engineering to use this GIDP you speak of 
for distribution of such information, instead of maintaining two 
protocols one of which is a functional subset of the other?

If not, why not, and why is the GIDP suitable for every other type of 
"generalized" information with only this one limitation?

If so, what makes the imaginary GIDP more suited for so-called 
"overloading" than BGP?  A clear answer to this question would likely 
be usable as requirements for improving BGP... which would be a 
positive outcome.

Let me also say I agree with Pedro and Eric's remarks.

--John

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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 18:39:49 -0400

How about we rename BGP, declare that we're done with the general
information distribution protocol, and work on a new routing protocol?

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Alex,

While watching this debate I have a feeling that the problem here is as
old as civilization ;-). 

There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
newcommers.

On the other hand if architecture is bad, communication is a nightmare
just asking for building another city will do no good at all. In fact I
would say that in most cases it may do more harm then good if another
group of architects will take over in another city and some of the
intercity communication would still need to happen anyway.

So as it was said by others a number of times this discussion is just
about software eng - nothing else. 

A few providers said that they would like to run only a number of
features they use ... AFAIK that should be doable already in most of the
shipping implementations. 

Also it seems to be some interesting assumption that if we separate so
called "non-routing" info from BGP the entire system would behave much
better. I would like to see what facts make anyone feel/think that way
;)

Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy a
new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 etc
... :):). Just one page draft.

Now time for few comments from this thread ...

> > To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each
> > client tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a 
> > given router only receives the  information in which  it is interested.
> > (Call  this "outbound attribute filtering".)  If we have servers 
> > talking to  servers, it would be nice to have the outbound attribute
> > filtering passed  around the servers in some loop-free manner, 
> > but we can leave that for further study. 
> 
> Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
> This is at least what I would have in mind.

I am missing the point above. BGP provides this already in two planes.
One is per AFI/SAFI information distribution. As far as I see all new
BGP (even non-routing) extensions are nicely separated in their own
AFI/SAFIs most with additional capabilities. Second one is realized in
at least two ways for pushing to your peer inbound filtering so the peer
on outbound already filters (ORF drafts - prefix, ext community, as path
or rt-constrain draft). So what exactly is missing ?

Cheers,
R.

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Alex,

While watching this debate I have a feeling that the problem here is as
old as civilization ;-). 

There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
newcommers.

On the other hand if architecture is bad, communication is a nightmare
just asking for building another city will do no good at all. In fact I
would say that in most cases it may do more harm then good if another
group of architects will take over in another city and some of the
intercity communication would still need to happen anyway.

So as it was said by others a number of times this discussion is just
about software eng - nothing else. 

A few providers said that they would like to run only a number of
features they use ... AFAIK that should be doable already in most of the
shipping implementations. 

Also it seems to be some interesting assumption that if we separate so
called "non-routing" info from BGP the entire system would behave much
better. I would like to see what facts make anyone feel/think that way
;)

Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy a
new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 etc
... :):). Just one page draft.

Now time for few comments from this thread ...

> > To further  improve scalability, we'd  like to be  able to have  each
> > client tell its server(s) its set of import attributes, so that a 
> > given router only receives the  information in which  it is interested.
> > (Call  this "outbound attribute filtering".)  If we have servers 
> > talking to  servers, it would be nice to have the outbound attribute
> > filtering passed  around the servers in some loop-free manner, 
> > but we can leave that for further study. 
> 
> Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
> This is at least what I would have in mind.

I am missing the point above. BGP provides this already in two planes.
One is per AFI/SAFI information distribution. As far as I see all new
BGP (even non-routing) extensions are nicely separated in their own
AFI/SAFIs most with additional capabilities. Second one is realized in
at least two ways for pushing to your peer inbound filtering so the peer
on outbound already filters (ORF drafts - prefix, ext community, as path
or rt-constrain draft). So what exactly is missing ?

Cheers,
R.

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul 29 19:07:51 2003
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> There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
> buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
> can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
> another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
> newcommers.

well, so much for bgp, as anyone researcher who actually looks at
how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.

randy


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Hi John, good to hear from you!

> Does a set of (prefix, next hop) information fall under the heading
> of "generalized info"?  It seems only sensible that it does.  Given 
> that, wouldn't it be good engineering to use this GIDP you speak of 
> for distribution of such information, instead of maintaining two 
> protocols one of which is a functional subset of the other?

> If not, why not, and why is the GIDP suitable for every other type of 
> "generalized" information with only this one limitation?

There are protocol-related and operations-related considerations here.

Protocol-wise, prefix distribution may or may not fit in depending on
the design decisions that would be made. I.e., if all BGP mechanisms
needed for IP prefix distribution (such as policy-based best-path
selection, aggregation, NH behavior, etc.) are preserved, than the
protocol may be capable of doing so. There would still be the same
operational considerations though, see below pls.

> If so, what makes the imaginary GIDP more suited for so-called 
> "overloading" than BGP?  A clear answer to this question would likely 
> be usable as requirements for improving BGP... which would be a 
> positive outcome.

From my message to Eric:

> I think the argument here is about risk assessment and management.
> 
> Though it is possible to do a fine job of clearly separating different
> applications of the same protocol within the system, using a separate
> protocol makes it much more likely to happen.

and from my message to Pedro:

> The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
> part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
> functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
> (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.
> 
> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
> system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
> functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
> comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
> separate protocol for it.

Regards.
Alex


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How about we rename BGP, declare that we're done with the general
information distribution protocol, and work on a new routing protocol?

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I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ? Also if
those folks are real researchers we will most likely be able to also see
studies on how much time do we have left.

R.

> Randy Bush wrote:
> 
> > There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
> > buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
> > the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
> > can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
> > another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
> > newcommers.
> 
> well, so much for bgp, as anyone researcher who actually looks at
> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
> 
> randy

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	Robert,

>> I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
>> reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ? Also if
>> those folks are real researchers we will most likely be able to also see
>> studies on how much time do we have left.

	While nowhere near exhaustive, you might have a look at 

	http://www.routeviews.org/papers

	for a few (notably, the craig/abha paper isn't on that
	list).

	Dave



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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 16:38:03 -0700

	Robert,

>> I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
>> reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ? Also if
>> those folks are real researchers we will most likely be able to also see
>> studies on how much time do we have left.

	While nowhere near exhaustive, you might have a look at 

	http://www.routeviews.org/papers

	for a few (notably, the craig/abha paper isn't on that
	list).

	Dave



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> I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
> reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ?

other than the large literature on the issue, we working on one
particularly ugly piece of it now.  showing it to dr. bug on
thursday, and hope to have the first ppt at apnic next month.

> Also if those folks are real researchers we will most likely be
> able to also see studies on how much time do we have left.

it's a long way from that.  research is still trying to
differentiate between problems caused by configuration, by
implementaion, and by the protocol itself.

but today, i am looking at one single announce creating over
40 events just a few hops away (in a real network).

but the point is that, while we have such outrageous behavior, no
matter that we are still trying to work out all the causes, it is
scarily not appropriate to characterize bgp as

> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is
> perfect and can scale

randy


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> There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
> buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
> can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
> another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
> newcommers.

well, so much for bgp, as anyone researcher who actually looks at
how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.

randy


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Pedro,

>> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be
>> a no-op.

> I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
> little bit more and request you to define "already there".

> What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
> a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

Let's think about this. On the one hand we want to be reasonable and
avoid recoding/redebugging things that are already widely agreed on
and/or deployed. On the other hand we don't want to fall for the "oh,
but I just coded it yesterday, and here's the draft" trick. How about
something along these lines: "an IETF RFC, or a de-facto multi-vendor
interoperable standard"? Other suggestions?

>> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
>> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same
>> transport system.

> One of the points that people keep ignoring is that the definition of
> critical and non-critical is highly subjective and depends a lot on
> who is making the call.

Indeed. Note the "Internet-critical" part.

> I work with customers to whom IP is non-critical while VPN services
> are critical given that they make more money out of the latter
> than the former (VPN services are also often sold as higher
> reliability than IP service). I also work w/ customers that have a
> completely opposite point of view.

> Thus my definition of critical has necessarily to be the entire set of
> services (ip unicast/multicast, 2547, l2vpns).

> ipv6 routing is probably the service considered least critical by SPs
> but even this one is critical to quite a few of them and a vendor is
> force to treat it has such.

> Personally i think that the assumption of "non-critical" is one of the
> highest reasoning flaws in this discussion.

We have a couple of considerations here:
  a) level of criticality, and
  b) fate sharing.

While from the perspective of a stand-alone SP, Internet routing and
L2VPNs might be of equal significance, and hence criticality, if we
look at it from the perspective of the Internet as a whole (which is
what we are supposed to at least keep in mind in the IETF), or at
least a set of cooperating service providers, then VPN functionality
may very well depend on routing (in case of a PE-to-PE tunnel, for
example); in other words, VPN mechanisms use services provided by
routing, and hence routing becomes more critical.

The fate sharing argument is bidirectional--we probably don't want
routing to pay the tax for non-routing related features, and the guys
for whom VPNs are much more important may not want to pay the tax for
whatever we do with Internet routing. If that's the case, separating
the two is a good idea.

Alex


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Hi John, good to hear from you!

> Does a set of (prefix, next hop) information fall under the heading
> of "generalized info"?  It seems only sensible that it does.  Given 
> that, wouldn't it be good engineering to use this GIDP you speak of 
> for distribution of such information, instead of maintaining two 
> protocols one of which is a functional subset of the other?

> If not, why not, and why is the GIDP suitable for every other type of 
> "generalized" information with only this one limitation?

There are protocol-related and operations-related considerations here.

Protocol-wise, prefix distribution may or may not fit in depending on
the design decisions that would be made. I.e., if all BGP mechanisms
needed for IP prefix distribution (such as policy-based best-path
selection, aggregation, NH behavior, etc.) are preserved, than the
protocol may be capable of doing so. There would still be the same
operational considerations though, see below pls.

> If so, what makes the imaginary GIDP more suited for so-called 
> "overloading" than BGP?  A clear answer to this question would likely 
> be usable as requirements for improving BGP... which would be a 
> positive outcome.

From my message to Eric:

> I think the argument here is about risk assessment and management.
> 
> Though it is possible to do a fine job of clearly separating different
> applications of the same protocol within the system, using a separate
> protocol makes it much more likely to happen.

and from my message to Pedro:

> The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
> part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
> functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
> (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.
> 
> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
> system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
> functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
> comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
> separate protocol for it.

Regards.
Alex


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Alex Zinin writes:

> Pedro,
>>> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would
>>> be a no-op.

>> I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
>> little bit more and request you to define "already there".

>> What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
>> a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

> Let's think about this. On the one hand we want to be reasonable and
> avoid recoding/redebugging things that are already widely agreed on
> and/or deployed. On the other hand we don't want to fall for the
> "oh, but I just coded it yesterday, and here's the draft" trick. How
> about something along these lines: "an IETF RFC, or a de-facto
> multi-vendor interoperable standard"? Other suggestions?

Alex,
What is published as RFCs doesn't reflect my definition of what is
"already there".

In several areas, the best one can get to is WG document despite years
spent in the process, running code and customer deployments. Without
wanting to reopen unproductive discussions, this doesn't usually
reflect lack of quality of the proposals but "process blocks".

There is an a very high level of entropy which is created when
something stops being an 'idea' and becomes used in production
networks.

Can we expect the IESG to acknowledge that these documents should be
published as RFCs in order to facilitate interoperability ?

  Pedro.

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I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ? Also if
those folks are real researchers we will most likely be able to also see
studies on how much time do we have left.

R.

> Randy Bush wrote:
> 
> > There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
> > buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
> > the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
> > can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
> > another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
> > newcommers.
> 
> well, so much for bgp, as anyone researcher who actually looks at
> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
> 
> randy

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul 29 20:34:34 2003
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> I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
> reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ?

other than the large literature on the issue, we working on one
particularly ugly piece of it now.  showing it to dr. bug on
thursday, and hope to have the first ppt at apnic next month.

> Also if those folks are real researchers we will most likely be
> able to also see studies on how much time do we have left.

it's a long way from that.  research is still trying to
differentiate between problems caused by configuration, by
implementaion, and by the protocol itself.

but today, i am looking at one single announce creating over
40 events just a few hops away (in a real network).

but the point is that, while we have such outrageous behavior, no
matter that we are still trying to work out all the causes, it is
scarily not appropriate to characterize bgp as

> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is
> perfect and can scale

randy


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul 29 20:37:59 2003
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Robert,

> While watching this debate I have a feeling that the problem here is as
> old as civilization ;-). 

[leaving out the city development part, it seems being discussed
already ;)]

> So as it was said by others a number of times this discussion is just
> about software eng - nothing else. 

Yes and no.

Yes, SW engineering is what we constantly keep in mind in this
discussion. However, this is not what we are trying to define here.

As one of the IETF participants told after the area meeting, we need
to admit that the decisions we make at the protocol level within the
IETF _do_ affect the SW architectures and running code.

I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly appropriate
for us to keep the engineering aspects in mind and make the right
choices at the protocol level. This is the i_E_tf. Saying "ouch! this
is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.

What we are also talking about here is splitting the protocol
evolution. I.e., making it clear that this is not BGP any more,
checking if any refinements are needed in the base functionality, and
then letting it live its own life with its own extensions and
features, without looking back at backwards compatibility with BGP...

> A few providers said that they would like to run only a number of
> features they use ... AFAIK that should be doable already in most of the
> shipping implementations. 

from my message to Eric:

  Arguing that we should stop putting _any_ features in BGP would
  seem a non-starter to me. I believe the discussion is about
  non-routing applications of the MP-BGP framework.

> Also it seems to be some interesting assumption that if we separate so
> called "non-routing" info from BGP the entire system would behave much
> better. I would like to see what facts make anyone feel/think that way
> ;)

again, it's about risk management.

even with a separate protocol, there is some risk that a vendor will
do a poor job, but it's much less likely that the same running
environment, internal system infrastructure will be used. Same way as
I _practically_ don't have to worry about OSPF bugs if I'm running
ISIS in my network, I won't be as much concerned about bugs in
mechanism X if I'm running BGP and X is put on top of a separate
protocol.

> Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy a
> new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
> moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
> topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
> or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
> routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
> different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
> directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
> calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 etc
> ... :):). Just one page draft.

The topic of where certain functionality should be put is a valid one
and will come back over and over again. This is a normal process.
From my message to Pedro:

   The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
   part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
   functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
   (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.

   I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
   multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
   system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
   functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
   comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
   separate protocol for it.

> Now time for few comments from this thread ...

>> Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
>> This is at least what I would have in mind.

> I am missing the point above. BGP provides this already in two planes.
> One is per AFI/SAFI information distribution. As far as I see all new
> BGP (even non-routing) extensions are nicely separated in their own
> AFI/SAFIs most with additional capabilities. Second one is realized in
> at least two ways for pushing to your peer inbound filtering so the peer
> on outbound already filters (ORF drafts - prefix, ext community, as path
> or rt-constrain draft). So what exactly is missing ?

The point is that I agree that the MP-BGP framework is a good match
for the required functionality, however the number of concerns we have
heard suggest that it may not be THE right choice in the long run.

Cheers

Alex


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Pedro,

>> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be
>> a no-op.

> I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
> little bit more and request you to define "already there".

> What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
> a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

Let's think about this. On the one hand we want to be reasonable and
avoid recoding/redebugging things that are already widely agreed on
and/or deployed. On the other hand we don't want to fall for the "oh,
but I just coded it yesterday, and here's the draft" trick. How about
something along these lines: "an IETF RFC, or a de-facto multi-vendor
interoperable standard"? Other suggestions?

>> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
>> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same
>> transport system.

> One of the points that people keep ignoring is that the definition of
> critical and non-critical is highly subjective and depends a lot on
> who is making the call.

Indeed. Note the "Internet-critical" part.

> I work with customers to whom IP is non-critical while VPN services
> are critical given that they make more money out of the latter
> than the former (VPN services are also often sold as higher
> reliability than IP service). I also work w/ customers that have a
> completely opposite point of view.

> Thus my definition of critical has necessarily to be the entire set of
> services (ip unicast/multicast, 2547, l2vpns).

> ipv6 routing is probably the service considered least critical by SPs
> but even this one is critical to quite a few of them and a vendor is
> force to treat it has such.

> Personally i think that the assumption of "non-critical" is one of the
> highest reasoning flaws in this discussion.

We have a couple of considerations here:
  a) level of criticality, and
  b) fate sharing.

While from the perspective of a stand-alone SP, Internet routing and
L2VPNs might be of equal significance, and hence criticality, if we
look at it from the perspective of the Internet as a whole (which is
what we are supposed to at least keep in mind in the IETF), or at
least a set of cooperating service providers, then VPN functionality
may very well depend on routing (in case of a PE-to-PE tunnel, for
example); in other words, VPN mechanisms use services provided by
routing, and hence routing becomes more critical.

The fate sharing argument is bidirectional--we probably don't want
routing to pay the tax for non-routing related features, and the guys
for whom VPNs are much more important may not want to pay the tax for
whatever we do with Internet routing. If that's the case, separating
the two is a good idea.

Alex


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From: Chandrashekhar Appanna <achandra@cisco.com>
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
Message-ID: <20030730005207.GA18303@cypher.cisco.com>
References: <BB42C897.110A2%danny@tcb.net> <10069799636.20030724180341@psg.com> <20030724212737.T1920@sbrim-w2k01> <112484955939.20030729132258@psg.com> <3F26FAE6.EA0D6868@cisco.com> <27500124180.20030729173546@psg.com>
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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 17:52:07 -0700

On Tue, Jul 29, 2003 at 05:35:46PM -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
> 
> I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly appropriate
> for us to keep the engineering aspects in mind and make the right
> choices at the protocol level. This is the i_E_tf. Saying "ouch! this
> is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.
>

..
 
> again, it's about risk management.
> 
> even with a separate protocol, there is some risk that a vendor will
> do a poor job, but it's much less likely that the same running
> environment, internal system infrastructure will be used. Same way as
> I _practically_ don't have to worry about OSPF bugs if I'm running
> ISIS in my network, I won't be as much concerned about bugs in
> mechanism X if I'm running BGP and X is put on top of a separate
> protocol.
>

So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
a new 'item' that needs BGP.

A new protocol would raise the same set of concerns. If there
is a reasonably clear requirement for a new protocol for a given 
set of applications, I think it may be a good idea to just define 
what those are and why there is a feeling that they do not belong
in BGP.  Would that be easier than to debate about a future proof 
'new' protocol for 'all the other stuff'?

rgds,
Chandra.


> > Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy a
> > new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
> > moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
> > topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
> > or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
> > routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
> > different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
> > directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
> > calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 etc
> > ... :):). Just one page draft.
> 
> The topic of where certain functionality should be put is a valid one
> and will come back over and over again. This is a normal process.
> From my message to Pedro:
> 
>    The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
>    part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
>    functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
>    (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.
> 
>    I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
>    multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
>    system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
>    functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
>    comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
>    separate protocol for it.
> 
> > Now time for few comments from this thread ...
> 
> >> Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
> >> This is at least what I would have in mind.
> 
> > I am missing the point above. BGP provides this already in two planes.
> > One is per AFI/SAFI information distribution. As far as I see all new
> > BGP (even non-routing) extensions are nicely separated in their own
> > AFI/SAFIs most with additional capabilities. Second one is realized in
> > at least two ways for pushing to your peer inbound filtering so the peer
> > on outbound already filters (ORF drafts - prefix, ext community, as path
> > or rt-constrain draft). So what exactly is missing ?
> 
> The point is that I agree that the MP-BGP framework is a good match
> for the required functionality, however the number of concerns we have
> heard suggest that it may not be THE right choice in the long run.
> 
> Cheers
> 
> Alex
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

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Alex Zinin writes:

> Pedro,
>>> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would
>>> be a no-op.

>> I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
>> little bit more and request you to define "already there".

>> What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
>> a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

> Let's think about this. On the one hand we want to be reasonable and
> avoid recoding/redebugging things that are already widely agreed on
> and/or deployed. On the other hand we don't want to fall for the
> "oh, but I just coded it yesterday, and here's the draft" trick. How
> about something along these lines: "an IETF RFC, or a de-facto
> multi-vendor interoperable standard"? Other suggestions?

Alex,
What is published as RFCs doesn't reflect my definition of what is
"already there".

In several areas, the best one can get to is WG document despite years
spent in the process, running code and customer deployments. Without
wanting to reopen unproductive discussions, this doesn't usually
reflect lack of quality of the proposals but "process blocks".

There is an a very high level of entropy which is created when
something stops being an 'idea' and becomes used in production
networks.

Can we expect the IESG to acknowledge that these documents should be
published as RFCs in order to facilitate interoperability ?

  Pedro.

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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 21:19:25 -0400

At 4:18 PM -0700 7/29/03, Alex Zinin wrote:
>Hi John, good to hear from you!

Glad to bring a little ray of sunshine to your day. :-)

>and from my message to Pedro:
>
>>  The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
>  > part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
>  > functionality.

I would be interested to know if you can elaborate on this without 
resort to the ambiguous term "non-routing".

--John

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Robert,

> While watching this debate I have a feeling that the problem here is as
> old as civilization ;-). 

[leaving out the city development part, it seems being discussed
already ;)]

> So as it was said by others a number of times this discussion is just
> about software eng - nothing else. 

Yes and no.

Yes, SW engineering is what we constantly keep in mind in this
discussion. However, this is not what we are trying to define here.

As one of the IETF participants told after the area meeting, we need
to admit that the decisions we make at the protocol level within the
IETF _do_ affect the SW architectures and running code.

I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly appropriate
for us to keep the engineering aspects in mind and make the right
choices at the protocol level. This is the i_E_tf. Saying "ouch! this
is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.

What we are also talking about here is splitting the protocol
evolution. I.e., making it clear that this is not BGP any more,
checking if any refinements are needed in the base functionality, and
then letting it live its own life with its own extensions and
features, without looking back at backwards compatibility with BGP...

> A few providers said that they would like to run only a number of
> features they use ... AFAIK that should be doable already in most of the
> shipping implementations. 

from my message to Eric:

  Arguing that we should stop putting _any_ features in BGP would
  seem a non-starter to me. I believe the discussion is about
  non-routing applications of the MP-BGP framework.

> Also it seems to be some interesting assumption that if we separate so
> called "non-routing" info from BGP the entire system would behave much
> better. I would like to see what facts make anyone feel/think that way
> ;)

again, it's about risk management.

even with a separate protocol, there is some risk that a vendor will
do a poor job, but it's much less likely that the same running
environment, internal system infrastructure will be used. Same way as
I _practically_ don't have to worry about OSPF bugs if I'm running
ISIS in my network, I won't be as much concerned about bugs in
mechanism X if I'm running BGP and X is put on top of a separate
protocol.

> Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy a
> new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
> moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
> topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
> or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
> routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
> different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
> directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
> calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 etc
> ... :):). Just one page draft.

The topic of where certain functionality should be put is a valid one
and will come back over and over again. This is a normal process.
From my message to Pedro:

   The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
   part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
   functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
   (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.

   I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
   multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
   system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
   functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
   comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
   separate protocol for it.

> Now time for few comments from this thread ...

>> Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
>> This is at least what I would have in mind.

> I am missing the point above. BGP provides this already in two planes.
> One is per AFI/SAFI information distribution. As far as I see all new
> BGP (even non-routing) extensions are nicely separated in their own
> AFI/SAFIs most with additional capabilities. Second one is realized in
> at least two ways for pushing to your peer inbound filtering so the peer
> on outbound already filters (ORF drafts - prefix, ext community, as path
> or rt-constrain draft). So what exactly is missing ?

The point is that I agree that the MP-BGP framework is a good match
for the required functionality, however the number of concerns we have
heard suggest that it may not be THE right choice in the long run.

Cheers

Alex


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From: Chandrashekhar Appanna <achandra@cisco.com>
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
Message-ID: <20030730005207.GA18303@cypher.cisco.com>
References: <BB42C897.110A2%danny@tcb.net> <10069799636.20030724180341@psg.com> <20030724212737.T1920@sbrim-w2k01> <112484955939.20030729132258@psg.com> <3F26FAE6.EA0D6868@cisco.com> <27500124180.20030729173546@psg.com>
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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 17:52:07 -0700

On Tue, Jul 29, 2003 at 05:35:46PM -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
> 
> I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly appropriate
> for us to keep the engineering aspects in mind and make the right
> choices at the protocol level. This is the i_E_tf. Saying "ouch! this
> is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.
>

..
 
> again, it's about risk management.
> 
> even with a separate protocol, there is some risk that a vendor will
> do a poor job, but it's much less likely that the same running
> environment, internal system infrastructure will be used. Same way as
> I _practically_ don't have to worry about OSPF bugs if I'm running
> ISIS in my network, I won't be as much concerned about bugs in
> mechanism X if I'm running BGP and X is put on top of a separate
> protocol.
>

So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
a new 'item' that needs BGP.

A new protocol would raise the same set of concerns. If there
is a reasonably clear requirement for a new protocol for a given 
set of applications, I think it may be a good idea to just define 
what those are and why there is a feeling that they do not belong
in BGP.  Would that be easier than to debate about a future proof 
'new' protocol for 'all the other stuff'?

rgds,
Chandra.


> > Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy a
> > new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
> > moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
> > topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
> > or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
> > routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
> > different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
> > directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
> > calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 etc
> > ... :):). Just one page draft.
> 
> The topic of where certain functionality should be put is a valid one
> and will come back over and over again. This is a normal process.
> From my message to Pedro:
> 
>    The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
>    part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
>    functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
>    (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.
> 
>    I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
>    multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same transport
>    system. However, I could also see that at some point some critical
>    functionality needs to be implemented and people don't feel
>    comfortable putting it on the same transport, and decide to have a
>    separate protocol for it.
> 
> > Now time for few comments from this thread ...
> 
> >> Thanks! Really great summary of the required functionality!
> >> This is at least what I would have in mind.
> 
> > I am missing the point above. BGP provides this already in two planes.
> > One is per AFI/SAFI information distribution. As far as I see all new
> > BGP (even non-routing) extensions are nicely separated in their own
> > AFI/SAFIs most with additional capabilities. Second one is realized in
> > at least two ways for pushing to your peer inbound filtering so the peer
> > on outbound already filters (ORF drafts - prefix, ext community, as path
> > or rt-constrain draft). So what exactly is missing ?
> 
> The point is that I agree that the MP-BGP framework is a good match
> for the required functionality, however the number of concerns we have
> heard suggest that it may not be THE right choice in the long run.
> 
> Cheers
> 
> Alex
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 21:19:25 -0400

At 4:18 PM -0700 7/29/03, Alex Zinin wrote:
>Hi John, good to hear from you!

Glad to bring a little ray of sunshine to your day. :-)

>and from my message to Pedro:
>
>>  The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
>  > part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
>  > functionality.

I would be interested to know if you can elaborate on this without 
resort to the ambiguous term "non-routing".

--John

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Alex Zinin writes:

>>> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
>>> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same
>>> transport system.

>> One of the points that people keep ignoring is that the definition
>> of critical and non-critical is highly subjective and depends a lot
>> on who is making the call.

> Indeed. Note the "Internet-critical" part.

This is perhaps a fundamental difference in perception that we have.

I don't see the existence of an "Internet" infrastructure as separate
from the telecomunications industry. Although the later provides
several services to its customers including access to a public network
it does so on an infrastruture which is shared in variable degrees.

For instance, the transmission infrastruture (wdm, sonet, tdm) tends
to be the same for all services the carrier provides. In an increasing
number of cases, network nodes such as routers are also shared
resources, either by providing transport to several applications or by
terminating them.

I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is... my assumption
is that you are concerned w/ the availiability of internet service,
which depends on several factors including the stability of router
software.

While the latter is certainly a cause for concern, i would suggest
that you think of this equipment not as "Internet" infrastructure but
as equipment which is bought and operated by a telecomunications
company.

Thus equipment caracteristics and failures are going to play an
important role in "Internet" availability, regardless of the root
cause of the problem. As such, "critical" needs to be defined from the
point of view of a service provider.

Personally, i believe that this issue is being completly blown out of
proportion. I've not seen any evidence to suggest that adding VPN
services, as we are discussing, has higher impact in routing software
stability than to add any other type of functionality.
I'd like to see people that believe otherwise put forward data that
corroborates that view.

While people love to state that the "I in IETF stands for Internet" in
tend to be very sceptic of how realistic is this view. The Internet
doesn't exist in a vacum. The IETF itself doesn't have a vertical
approach in terms of considering all levels and elements used to
provide internet services. It has mostly an horizontal approach to
standardize the IP protocol suite regardless of the application.

Typically when the word "Internet" enters a discussion it doesn't do
much in terms of achieving progress.

  Pedro.



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Alex Zinin writes:

>>> I could certainly see how people would feel comfortable putting
>>> multiple non-critical network-based applications on the same
>>> transport system.

>> One of the points that people keep ignoring is that the definition
>> of critical and non-critical is highly subjective and depends a lot
>> on who is making the call.

> Indeed. Note the "Internet-critical" part.

This is perhaps a fundamental difference in perception that we have.

I don't see the existence of an "Internet" infrastructure as separate
from the telecomunications industry. Although the later provides
several services to its customers including access to a public network
it does so on an infrastruture which is shared in variable degrees.

For instance, the transmission infrastruture (wdm, sonet, tdm) tends
to be the same for all services the carrier provides. In an increasing
number of cases, network nodes such as routers are also shared
resources, either by providing transport to several applications or by
terminating them.

I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is... my assumption
is that you are concerned w/ the availiability of internet service,
which depends on several factors including the stability of router
software.

While the latter is certainly a cause for concern, i would suggest
that you think of this equipment not as "Internet" infrastructure but
as equipment which is bought and operated by a telecomunications
company.

Thus equipment caracteristics and failures are going to play an
important role in "Internet" availability, regardless of the root
cause of the problem. As such, "critical" needs to be defined from the
point of view of a service provider.

Personally, i believe that this issue is being completly blown out of
proportion. I've not seen any evidence to suggest that adding VPN
services, as we are discussing, has higher impact in routing software
stability than to add any other type of functionality.
I'd like to see people that believe otherwise put forward data that
corroborates that view.

While people love to state that the "I in IETF stands for Internet" in
tend to be very sceptic of how realistic is this view. The Internet
doesn't exist in a vacum. The IETF itself doesn't have a vertical
approach in terms of considering all levels and elements used to
provide internet services. It has mostly an horizontal approach to
standardize the IP protocol suite regardless of the application.

Typically when the word "Internet" enters a discussion it doesn't do
much in terms of achieving progress.

  Pedro.



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From: Tulip Rasputin <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
To: raszuk@cisco.com
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 02:51:18 -0400 (EDT)

Robert,
 
> There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
> buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
> can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
> another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
> newcommers.

I *dont* like this analogy at all but since you've started this, let me make an attempt to explain
you using the same. Say you have this really great city and the taxes are really low here. The
infrastructure is great, the climate is fantastic and you have lovely beaches. Everybody is happy,
the administration is satisfied with the population and the related issues.

Because of the above mentioned factors, people from nearby (and far off) states/cities start
immigrating to this city. They believe that the infrastructure is great (and all the other things
which i mentioned) and that it would really take them no time to commute to their work (which
happens to be in other cities!). 

Over a period of time, you have equal number of people living in this city who work here and who
work in places nowhere connected/associated with this city. They by all means share the same
resources as the people living/working in this city. Dont you now see a problem with this (traffic
jams/increased property rates/rents/pollution/etc)?

The local authorities would somehow need to put a check on this. They can as a deterrent increase
the taxes or do something to prevent more people from coming in. The infrastructure is now enough
to just keep this much population. Now what if more people want to come in who need to work here?
What about the offsprings? 

As i had said earlier, i dont approve of this analogy at all and infact find it quite dumb - but
used the same to explain my point and what probably has been plaguing the ADs and the other
IETFers for long!

BGP is critical for the Internet (Pedro might feel uncomfortable for my using this term so loosely
:) !) and we must proceed with caution. By adding more and more features we will only be bloating
the code size and the probability of introducing more and more bugs. Yes, this is an
implementation specific issue and the vendors will have their own ways to deal with it - but the
fact remains that by doing this we make BGP more and more vulnerable than what it already is.

Regards,
Rasputin

P.S.

And why is it that we only see some of the vendors in favor of bundling BGP with everything. Is
there any ISP out there which feels the same? What is it that they feel is right? Would they want
to muck around with BGP?







______________________________________________________________________ 
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>
>> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
>> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
>> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
>> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)

A number of people said they at least did want this code enabled if 
they where not using the service.

>> and that there several services that are in consideration, it is not
>> clear to me that the community will be able to agree on which subsets
>> are wanted and which unwanted. Either in BGP or in any new protocol.

It's not about what services the community want's. It's how data for 
each of the protocols/services are distributed. The SPs that went to 
the mike said they didn't see the benefit of overloading BGP with all 
this. Or any other routing protocol.

>> An (incomplete) list of services would be:
>> ipv4-unicast, ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/
>> ipv4 / ipv6 / unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast,
>> vpn auto-discovery, bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

These come in two types. Topology reachability information, and others. 
It's the second group that I personally think we need to move away. But 
I agree with Alex comment below that taking something out that is 
already in is a no-op.

> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be a
> no-op. I also believe that we have a certain level of agreement (based
> on my discussions within the rtg-dir, and in the hall-ways) that there
> are certain types of information that should be distributed within the
> RP. The major point of contention seems to be distribution of
> information that is not really routing-related or tightly coupled with
> it, such as VPN discovery and signaling, etc.

Agreed.

>> One interesting question is how do you go about defining which subsets
>> of services fit where... given that different providers want different
>> subsets and that the rational is that the service a SP don't care
>> about should not be in the protocol that is used by that SP, it would
>> seem to me that you need one protocol per service/application.

Why not? Why do we need a "super-protocol" that distributes it all? 
Will this then speak XML? Can I upload my configurations in it? Where 
is the limit? Let's at least break out signaling from the reachability 
information.

> The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
> part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
> functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
> (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.

Agreed.

- - kurtis -

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>
>> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
>> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
>> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
>> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)

A number of people said they at least did want this code enabled if 
they where not using the service.

>> and that there several services that are in consideration, it is not
>> clear to me that the community will be able to agree on which subsets
>> are wanted and which unwanted. Either in BGP or in any new protocol.

It's not about what services the community want's. It's how data for 
each of the protocols/services are distributed. The SPs that went to 
the mike said they didn't see the benefit of overloading BGP with all 
this. Or any other routing protocol.

>> An (incomplete) list of services would be:
>> ipv4-unicast, ipv4-multicast, ipv6-unicast, ipv6-multicast, 2547 w/
>> ipv4 / ipv6 / unicast/multicast variations, labeled-unicast,
>> vpn auto-discovery, bgp-l2vpn, ip-tunneling-discovery, etc...

These come in two types. Topology reachability information, and others. 
It's the second group that I personally think we need to move away. But 
I agree with Alex comment below that taking something out that is 
already in is a no-op.

> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would be a
> no-op. I also believe that we have a certain level of agreement (based
> on my discussions within the rtg-dir, and in the hall-ways) that there
> are certain types of information that should be distributed within the
> RP. The major point of contention seems to be distribution of
> information that is not really routing-related or tightly coupled with
> it, such as VPN discovery and signaling, etc.

Agreed.

>> One interesting question is how do you go about defining which subsets
>> of services fit where... given that different providers want different
>> subsets and that the rational is that the service a SP don't care
>> about should not be in the protocol that is used by that SP, it would
>> seem to me that you need one protocol per service/application.

Why not? Why do we need a "super-protocol" that distributes it all? 
Will this then speak XML? Can I upload my configurations in it? Where 
is the limit? Let's at least break out signaling from the reachability 
information.

> The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
> part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
> functionality. Hence, the first step would be to give another
> (similar) transport to those application and keep them away from BGP.

Agreed.

- - kurtis -

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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> While watching this debate I have a feeling that the problem here is as
> old as civilization ;-).

While watching this debate I realize that most people posting are 
router vendors...:-)

> So as it was said by others a number of times this discussion is just
> about software eng - nothing else.


 From the SP POV this is about operational stability. Not about software 
engineering.

> A few providers said that they would like to run only a number of
> features they use ... AFAIK that should be doable already in most of 
> the
> shipping implementations.

I disagree. In the products from the two vendors, I can't today decide 
what features to use or not AFAIK. I can decide what information to 
process or not. But that is not the same thing.

> Also it seems to be some interesting assumption that if we separate so
> called "non-routing" info from BGP the entire system would behave much
> better. I would like to see what facts make anyone feel/think that way
> ;)

What are the facts that we need to put everything into BGP? And where 
do we stop? Why not make the NLRI field XML code? Javascript? 
Operational experience tells me that the easier, simpler and less 
information there is - the less the chance of a problem. It's as simple 
as that.

> Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy 
> a
> new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
> moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
> topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
> or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
> routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
> different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
> directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
> calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 
> etc
> ... :):). Just one page draft.

I don't see a problem (actually on the contrary) with separating 
reachability information, signaling, etc.

- - kurtis -

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yu/AckoFuGA/+XWWQe7pt5O9
=9OAs
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----


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Tulip,

> And why is it that we only see some of the vendors in favor of bundling BGP with everything. Is
> there any ISP out there which feels the same? What is it that they feel is right? Would they want
> to muck around with BGP?

Each operator I have talked to clearly indicated huge resistance to
undertake operational pain of rolling new intra/inter domain
"non-routing" information distribution protocol.

Kurt,

> >> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
> >> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
> >> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
> >> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
> 
> A number of people said they at least did want this code enabled if 
> they where not using the service.

This stament is comming back a lot. What does it mean "code enabled" ?

Maybe someone would provide an example how let's say adding multicast
distribution to BGP impacts IPv4 unicast address family ? If one does
not need to use it - just don't configure it. Almost all protocol
extensions are knobed - thay are NOT enabled by default carrying vacum.
Most vendors I am aware about either already or soon have the option of
per AFI/SAFI specific BGP sub-process clearly separating running or not
new functionality. 

If I have BGP free core, and I don't type by accident "router bgp ..." I
don't really see a good reason to buy routers which do not support BGP
just so I don't have it in the core. If I have IPv4 ASBRs and i am not
keen on running on them 2547 just don't configure vpnv4 AF there. I am
yet to see a one single case where new opaque to existing functionality
code presence if not configured or enabled by user caused any trouble to
anyone.

Thx,
R.

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Tulip,

> And why is it that we only see some of the vendors in favor of bundling BGP with everything. Is
> there any ISP out there which feels the same? What is it that they feel is right? Would they want
> to muck around with BGP?

Each operator I have talked to clearly indicated huge resistance to
undertake operational pain of rolling new intra/inter domain
"non-routing" information distribution protocol.

Kurt,

> >> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
> >> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
> >> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
> >> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
> 
> A number of people said they at least did want this code enabled if 
> they where not using the service.

This stament is comming back a lot. What does it mean "code enabled" ?

Maybe someone would provide an example how let's say adding multicast
distribution to BGP impacts IPv4 unicast address family ? If one does
not need to use it - just don't configure it. Almost all protocol
extensions are knobed - thay are NOT enabled by default carrying vacum.
Most vendors I am aware about either already or soon have the option of
per AFI/SAFI specific BGP sub-process clearly separating running or not
new functionality. 

If I have BGP free core, and I don't type by accident "router bgp ..." I
don't really see a good reason to buy routers which do not support BGP
just so I don't have it in the core. If I have IPv4 ASBRs and i am not
keen on running on them 2547 just don't configure vpnv4 AF there. I am
yet to see a one single case where new opaque to existing functionality
code presence if not configured or enabled by user caused any trouble to
anyone.

Thx,
R.

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 03:39:38 2003
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From: Tulip Rasputin <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 02:51:18 -0400 (EDT)

Robert,
 
> There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
> buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
> can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
> another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
> newcommers.

I *dont* like this analogy at all but since you've started this, let me make an attempt to explain
you using the same. Say you have this really great city and the taxes are really low here. The
infrastructure is great, the climate is fantastic and you have lovely beaches. Everybody is happy,
the administration is satisfied with the population and the related issues.

Because of the above mentioned factors, people from nearby (and far off) states/cities start
immigrating to this city. They believe that the infrastructure is great (and all the other things
which i mentioned) and that it would really take them no time to commute to their work (which
happens to be in other cities!). 

Over a period of time, you have equal number of people living in this city who work here and who
work in places nowhere connected/associated with this city. They by all means share the same
resources as the people living/working in this city. Dont you now see a problem with this (traffic
jams/increased property rates/rents/pollution/etc)?

The local authorities would somehow need to put a check on this. They can as a deterrent increase
the taxes or do something to prevent more people from coming in. The infrastructure is now enough
to just keep this much population. Now what if more people want to come in who need to work here?
What about the offsprings? 

As i had said earlier, i dont approve of this analogy at all and infact find it quite dumb - but
used the same to explain my point and what probably has been plaguing the ADs and the other
IETFers for long!

BGP is critical for the Internet (Pedro might feel uncomfortable for my using this term so loosely
:) !) and we must proceed with caution. By adding more and more features we will only be bloating
the code size and the probability of introducing more and more bugs. Yes, this is an
implementation specific issue and the vendors will have their own ways to deal with it - but the
fact remains that by doing this we make BGP more and more vulnerable than what it already is.

Regards,
Rasputin

P.S.

And why is it that we only see some of the vendors in favor of bundling BGP with everything. Is
there any ISP out there which feels the same? What is it that they feel is right? Would they want
to muck around with BGP?







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From: Tulip Rasputin <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 03:41:54 -0400 (EDT)

Robert,
 
> Each operator I have talked to clearly indicated huge resistance to
> undertake operational pain of rolling new intra/inter domain
> "non-routing" information distribution protocol.

If this is the only *motivation* then i am sure we need to think more before proceeding further.
It is really an operational pain to configure geographically separated routers. Why not, have BGP
automatically send configurations to all such routers by some sort of "automatic flooding"!

> Maybe someone would provide an example how let's say adding multicast
> distribution to BGP impacts IPv4 unicast address family ? If one does
> not need to use it - just don't configure it. Almost all protocol
> extensions are knobed - thay are NOT enabled by default carrying vacum.
> Most vendors I am aware about either already or soon have the option of
> per AFI/SAFI specific BGP sub-process clearly separating running or not
> new functionality. 

I am sure you must have looked into the BGP implementation for the vendor you work for. Dont you
parse for the multicast routes in the same file as you do for the IPv4 unicast address family. Are
you sure you didnt tough the functions which parse the IPv4 routes when you introduced multicast
support? What i mean to say is that even if you do turn off one particular feature you do put in
all the additional code in your main working code - which in turn definitely complicates the stuff
and makes it more prone to bugs/mishaps/surprises (depending upon which side of the fence you are
on!)

By turning off an option you dont remove the code dynamically from the binary image .. Its still
there tightly coupled with remaining code! Dynamically removing the code has atleast not been done
till the time of my writing this email!! :-)

Rasputin

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Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
To: Pedro Roque Marques <roque@juniper.net>
From: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 09:45:08 +0200
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>
> This is perhaps a fundamental difference in perception that we have.
>
> I don't see the existence of an "Internet" infrastructure as separate
> from the telecomunications industry. Although the later provides
> several services to its customers including access to a public network
> it does so on an infrastruture which is shared in variable degrees.
>
> For instance, the transmission infrastruture (wdm, sonet, tdm) tends
> to be the same for all services the carrier provides.

But you do not use SS7 to signal the paths in SONET/SDH, or the OSI 
information from the ADMs to route the WDM channels.

>  In an increasing
> number of cases, network nodes such as routers are also shared
> resources, either by providing transport to several applications or by
> terminating them.

Yes. But the routers in this case are the same as the ADMs. And those 
do not signal anything else than the reachability.

> I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is... my assumption
> is that you are concerned w/ the availiability of internet service,
> which depends on several factors including the stability of router
> software.

Among other things. As Randy said, there i a lot of research that also 
points to the protocol itself.

> While the latter is certainly a cause for concern, i would suggest
> that you think of this equipment not as "Internet" infrastructure but
> as equipment which is bought and operated by a telecomunications
> company.

I fail to understand this comment?

> cause of the problem. As such, "critical" needs to be defined from the
> point of view of a service provider.

 From my experience, when a fault happens, the time it takes to recover 
is many times mostly due to the protocol.

> Personally, i believe that this issue is being completly blown out of
> proportion. I've not seen any evidence to suggest that adding VPN
> services, as we are discussing, has higher impact in routing software
> stability than to add any other type of functionality.

I don't think anyone will disagree with you. I am waiting for someone 
to provide the evidence that we gain stability and faster convergence 
by putting all this into BGP....


- - kurtis -

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From: Tulip Rasputin <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 03:46:35 -0400 (EDT)

All,

> I am sure you must have looked into the BGP implementat
> ion for the vendor you work for. Dont you
> parse for the multicast routes in the same file as you do for the 
> IPv4 unicast address family. Are
> you sure you didnt tough the functions which parse the 

its "touch" and not "tough" :-)

Rasputin


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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Cc: Tulip Rasputin <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
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>> And why is it that we only see some of the vendors in favor of 
>> bundling BGP with everything. Is
>> there any ISP out there which feels the same? What is it that they 
>> feel is right? Would they want
>> to muck around with BGP?
>
> Each operator I have talked to clearly indicated huge resistance to
> undertake operational pain of rolling new intra/inter domain
> "non-routing" information distribution protocol.

There certainly was a large number of very large providers at the 
meeting that express differing opinions.

>>>> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
>>>> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
>>>> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
>>>> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
>>
>> A number of people said they at least did want this code enabled if
>> they where not using the service.
>
> This stament is comming back a lot. What does it mean "code enabled" ?

A problem with data for one "feature" distributed will effect the 
session/processing of data for another feature.

> Maybe someone would provide an example how let's say adding multicast
> distribution to BGP impacts IPv4 unicast address family ? If one does
> not need to use it - just don't configure it.

I don't like to take examples from a single vendor, as over time they 
tend to be equally bad, but I have had enough experience of multicast 
problems effecting BGP routes on my Ciscos. If you go and dig in the 
bug tracker there should be some 12-18 months back. Unfortunately I no 
longer have access to CCO.

- - kurtis -

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 03:59:38 2003
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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> While watching this debate I have a feeling that the problem here is as
> old as civilization ;-).

While watching this debate I realize that most people posting are 
router vendors...:-)

> So as it was said by others a number of times this discussion is just
> about software eng - nothing else.


 From the SP POV this is about operational stability. Not about software 
engineering.

> A few providers said that they would like to run only a number of
> features they use ... AFAIK that should be doable already in most of 
> the
> shipping implementations.

I disagree. In the products from the two vendors, I can't today decide 
what features to use or not AFAIK. I can decide what information to 
process or not. But that is not the same thing.

> Also it seems to be some interesting assumption that if we separate so
> called "non-routing" info from BGP the entire system would behave much
> better. I would like to see what facts make anyone feel/think that way
> ;)

What are the facts that we need to put everything into BGP? And where 
do we stop? Why not make the NLRI field XML code? Javascript? 
Operational experience tells me that the easier, simpler and less 
information there is - the less the chance of a problem. It's as simple 
as that.

> Last lightly assume we go down the path and invent, implement & deploy 
> a
> new protocol instance/port would that mean that we will from such a
> moment start indefinitely putting all new things on it or will this
> topic be comming back every now and then and each time a "new protocol"
> or "new port number" will be recommended ??? As clearly definitions of
> routing and non routing, critical and non critical information is
> different depending who get's to reply my suggestion for routing
> directorate would be to have a BGP port number progressing with the
> calendar years :) Now we have 179, in 2004 let's add 180, 2006 - 181 
> etc
> ... :):). Just one page draft.

I don't see a problem (actually on the contrary) with separating 
reachability information, signaling, etc.

- - kurtis -

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 04:29:38 2003
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From: Tulip Rasputin <tulip_rasputin@yahoo.ca>
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
To: raszuk@cisco.com, Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 03:41:54 -0400 (EDT)

Robert,
 
> Each operator I have talked to clearly indicated huge resistance to
> undertake operational pain of rolling new intra/inter domain
> "non-routing" information distribution protocol.

If this is the only *motivation* then i am sure we need to think more before proceeding further.
It is really an operational pain to configure geographically separated routers. Why not, have BGP
automatically send configurations to all such routers by some sort of "automatic flooding"!

> Maybe someone would provide an example how let's say adding multicast
> distribution to BGP impacts IPv4 unicast address family ? If one does
> not need to use it - just don't configure it. Almost all protocol
> extensions are knobed - thay are NOT enabled by default carrying vacum.
> Most vendors I am aware about either already or soon have the option of
> per AFI/SAFI specific BGP sub-process clearly separating running or not
> new functionality. 

I am sure you must have looked into the BGP implementation for the vendor you work for. Dont you
parse for the multicast routes in the same file as you do for the IPv4 unicast address family. Are
you sure you didnt tough the functions which parse the IPv4 routes when you introduced multicast
support? What i mean to say is that even if you do turn off one particular feature you do put in
all the additional code in your main working code - which in turn definitely complicates the stuff
and makes it more prone to bugs/mishaps/surprises (depending upon which side of the fence you are
on!)

By turning off an option you dont remove the code dynamically from the binary image .. Its still
there tightly coupled with remaining code! Dynamically removing the code has atleast not been done
till the time of my writing this email!! :-)

Rasputin

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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 03:46:35 -0400 (EDT)

All,

> I am sure you must have looked into the BGP implementat
> ion for the vendor you work for. Dont you
> parse for the multicast routes in the same file as you do for the 
> IPv4 unicast address family. Are
> you sure you didnt tough the functions which parse the 

its "touch" and not "tough" :-)

Rasputin


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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

>
> This is perhaps a fundamental difference in perception that we have.
>
> I don't see the existence of an "Internet" infrastructure as separate
> from the telecomunications industry. Although the later provides
> several services to its customers including access to a public network
> it does so on an infrastruture which is shared in variable degrees.
>
> For instance, the transmission infrastruture (wdm, sonet, tdm) tends
> to be the same for all services the carrier provides.

But you do not use SS7 to signal the paths in SONET/SDH, or the OSI 
information from the ADMs to route the WDM channels.

>  In an increasing
> number of cases, network nodes such as routers are also shared
> resources, either by providing transport to several applications or by
> terminating them.

Yes. But the routers in this case are the same as the ADMs. And those 
do not signal anything else than the reachability.

> I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is... my assumption
> is that you are concerned w/ the availiability of internet service,
> which depends on several factors including the stability of router
> software.

Among other things. As Randy said, there i a lot of research that also 
points to the protocol itself.

> While the latter is certainly a cause for concern, i would suggest
> that you think of this equipment not as "Internet" infrastructure but
> as equipment which is bought and operated by a telecomunications
> company.

I fail to understand this comment?

> cause of the problem. As such, "critical" needs to be defined from the
> point of view of a service provider.

 From my experience, when a fault happens, the time it takes to recover 
is many times mostly due to the protocol.

> Personally, i believe that this issue is being completly blown out of
> proportion. I've not seen any evidence to suggest that adding VPN
> services, as we are discussing, has higher impact in routing software
> stability than to add any other type of functionality.

I don't think anyone will disagree with you. I am waiting for someone 
to provide the evidence that we gain stability and faster convergence 
by putting all this into BGP....


- - kurtis -

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>> And why is it that we only see some of the vendors in favor of 
>> bundling BGP with everything. Is
>> there any ISP out there which feels the same? What is it that they 
>> feel is right? Would they want
>> to muck around with BGP?
>
> Each operator I have talked to clearly indicated huge resistance to
> undertake operational pain of rolling new intra/inter domain
> "non-routing" information distribution protocol.

There certainly was a large number of very large providers at the 
meeting that express differing opinions.

>>>> Given that the underlying desire seems to be that SPs that are not
>>>> interest in a given service would prefer not to have that
>>>> functionality added to BGP (in fact many people mentioned that they
>>>> wanted not to have the functionality in the router software, period)
>>
>> A number of people said they at least did want this code enabled if
>> they where not using the service.
>
> This stament is comming back a lot. What does it mean "code enabled" ?

A problem with data for one "feature" distributed will effect the 
session/processing of data for another feature.

> Maybe someone would provide an example how let's say adding multicast
> distribution to BGP impacts IPv4 unicast address family ? If one does
> not need to use it - just don't configure it.

I don't like to take examples from a single vendor, as over time they 
tend to be equally bad, but I have had enough experience of multicast 
problems effecting BGP routes on my Ciscos. If you go and dig in the 
bug tracker there should be some 12-18 months back. Unfortunately I no 
longer have access to CCO.

- - kurtis -

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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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> While watching this debate I realize that most people posting are 
> router vendors...:-)

bingo!

and they seem to be all for putting it all in the "it's running
perfectly now" bgp.  except people are getting phd theses by
showing how strangely it is actually running, and this should scare
the hell out of us (not because it's a clear disaster, but because
we don't know).

and the operators seem to be a bit more hesitant with what hits the
soft underbelly of their critical infrastructure.  and thanks, i
get to say what is critical to me.

it's pretty strange to keep watching the customer (yes, try saying
that 'customer' word a few times, and then maybe try 'user' a few
times) being told that their concerns are invalid.

randy


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> While watching this debate I realize that most people posting are 
> router vendors...:-)

bingo!

and they seem to be all for putting it all in the "it's running
perfectly now" bgp.  except people are getting phd theses by
showing how strangely it is actually running, and this should scare
the hell out of us (not because it's a clear disaster, but because
we don't know).

and the operators seem to be a bit more hesitant with what hits the
soft underbelly of their critical infrastructure.  and thanks, i
get to say what is critical to me.

it's pretty strange to keep watching the customer (yes, try saying
that 'customer' word a few times, and then maybe try 'user' a few
times) being told that their concerns are invalid.

randy


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To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, raszuk@cisco.com,
        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 30 Jul 2003 07:23:34 -0700.
             <E19hrrb-0004QF-K4@ran.psg.com> 
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 12:30:37 -0400


Randy> it's pretty  strange to keep  watching the customer (yes,  try saying
Randy> that 'customer'  word a few  times, and then  maybe try 'user'  a few
Randy> times) being told that their concerns are invalid. 

One advantage  of working for a  vendor is that you  get to talk  to lots of
customers,  not just the  ones that  are politically  well connected  in the
IETF.  And  I can tell you  that the idea  of extending BGP ad  infinitum is
enormously popular with the customers, MUCH more popular than it deserves to
be; I'm  often in  the position of  trying to  convince a customer  that BGP
should not be extended for some particular function.

Randy> well, so  much for bgp, as  any one researcher who  actually looks at
Randy> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.

Sure, BGP is the worst possible  protocol, except for all the others.  If we
can come up with a protocol  that is clearly better, let's definitely use it
instead.  In the meantime, however, ... 

Alex> I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly appropriate
Alex> for us  to keep  the engineering  aspects in mind  and make  the right
Alex> choices at the protocol level.  This is the i_E_tf. Saying "ouch! this
Alex> is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.

Sure  the IETF  has  to be  concerned  with engineering.   But the  software
engineering of a  particular box is the responsibility  of the box builders,
and not a matter for IETF consensus.

Alex> even with a  separate protocol, there is some risk  that a vendor will
Alex> do  a poor  job,  but it's  much  less likely  that  the same  running
Alex> environment, internal system infrastructure will be used.

If we had a  second protocol which is "like BGP", probably  there would be a
lot of reuse of modules for table maintenance and stuff.  Of course, some of
these modules might need to be  generalized, which would then impact BGP.  I
think this is the kind of stuff that Pedro has been talking about.




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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 12:35:02 2003
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        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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> One advantage of working for a vendor is that you get to talk to
> lots of customers, not just the ones that are politically well
> connected in the IETF.  And I can tell you that the idea of
> extending BGP ad infinitum is enormously popular with the
> customers

one of the advantages of working for an operator is that you get to
talk to lots of vendors, not just the ones that are politically
well connected in the ietf.  and i can tell you that the idea of
extending bgp ad infinitum horrifies most of them.

can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
expecially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
experts?

randy


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        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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> One advantage of working for a vendor is that you get to talk to
> lots of customers, not just the ones that are politically well
> connected in the IETF.  And I can tell you that the idea of
> extending BGP ad infinitum is enormously popular with the
> customers

one of the advantages of working for an operator is that you get to
talk to lots of vendors, not just the ones that are politically
well connected in the ietf.  and i can tell you that the idea of
extending bgp ad infinitum horrifies most of them.

can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
expecially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
experts?

randy


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 13:07:03 2003
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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             <E19htte-0007l6-TF@ran.psg.com> 
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Randy> can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
Randy> especially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
Randy> experts? 

Seems like a fair enough deal:  you stop pretending to speak for all service
providers, and I won't pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 13:09:01 2003
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> you stop pretending to speak for all service providers, and I won't
> pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)

no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually
in the room


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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 13:14:58 -0400

At 7:23 AM -0700 7/30/03, Randy Bush wrote:
>and they seem to be all for putting it all in the "it's running
>perfectly now" bgp.  except people are getting phd theses by
>showing how strangely it is actually running, and this should scare
>the hell out of us (not because it's a clear disaster, but because
>we don't know).

Well, rather than be scared and run around in terror, I would prefer 
it if we'd remain calm and look at said research, learn something 
from it and maybe even (gasp) work to fix the problems identified. 
We don't seem to be doing any of that in this conversation.  If 
anything, we're distracting ourselves.

Is there in fact research that "people are getting phd theses" for 
that indicates that "overloading" BGP is making the routing 
infrastructure "run strangely"?  I'm not aware of it, and I think I'm 
reasonably conversant with the literature.  The research I'm aware of 
tends to have identified what I'd call day-one bugs (or, ahem, 
limitations) in the protocol.  In particular I'm aware of a fair body 
of research broadly related to policy (and why it's hairy), BGP's 
path-exploration behavior (ditto) and flap dampening (ditto ditto). 
None of these relate to "overloading".

I'd be happy to be corrected with relevant references (really).  But 
lacking such correction, it seems to me that the research you allude 
to isn't germane to the present conversation.

--John

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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 13:14:58 -0400

At 7:23 AM -0700 7/30/03, Randy Bush wrote:
>and they seem to be all for putting it all in the "it's running
>perfectly now" bgp.  except people are getting phd theses by
>showing how strangely it is actually running, and this should scare
>the hell out of us (not because it's a clear disaster, but because
>we don't know).

Well, rather than be scared and run around in terror, I would prefer 
it if we'd remain calm and look at said research, learn something 
from it and maybe even (gasp) work to fix the problems identified. 
We don't seem to be doing any of that in this conversation.  If 
anything, we're distracting ourselves.

Is there in fact research that "people are getting phd theses" for 
that indicates that "overloading" BGP is making the routing 
infrastructure "run strangely"?  I'm not aware of it, and I think I'm 
reasonably conversant with the literature.  The research I'm aware of 
tends to have identified what I'd call day-one bugs (or, ahem, 
limitations) in the protocol.  In particular I'm aware of a fair body 
of research broadly related to policy (and why it's hairy), BGP's 
path-exploration behavior (ditto) and flap dampening (ditto ditto). 
None of these relate to "overloading".

I'd be happy to be corrected with relevant references (really).  But 
lacking such correction, it seems to me that the research you allude 
to isn't germane to the present conversation.

--John

_______________________________________________
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        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
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Randy> it's pretty  strange to keep  watching the customer (yes,  try saying
Randy> that 'customer'  word a few  times, and then  maybe try 'user'  a few
Randy> times) being told that their concerns are invalid. 

One advantage  of working for a  vendor is that you  get to talk  to lots of
customers,  not just the  ones that  are politically  well connected  in the
IETF.  And  I can tell you  that the idea  of extending BGP ad  infinitum is
enormously popular with the customers, MUCH more popular than it deserves to
be; I'm  often in  the position of  trying to  convince a customer  that BGP
should not be extended for some particular function.

Randy> well, so  much for bgp, as  any one researcher who  actually looks at
Randy> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.

Sure, BGP is the worst possible  protocol, except for all the others.  If we
can come up with a protocol  that is clearly better, let's definitely use it
instead.  In the meantime, however, ... 

Alex> I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly appropriate
Alex> for us  to keep  the engineering  aspects in mind  and make  the right
Alex> choices at the protocol level.  This is the i_E_tf. Saying "ouch! this
Alex> is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.

Sure  the IETF  has  to be  concerned  with engineering.   But the  software
engineering of a  particular box is the responsibility  of the box builders,
and not a matter for IETF consensus.

Alex> even with a  separate protocol, there is some risk  that a vendor will
Alex> do  a poor  job,  but it's  much  less likely  that  the same  running
Alex> environment, internal system infrastructure will be used.

If we had a  second protocol which is "like BGP", probably  there would be a
lot of reuse of modules for table maintenance and stuff.  Of course, some of
these modules might need to be  generalized, which would then impact BGP.  I
think this is the kind of stuff that Pedro has been talking about.




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The only problem with this is that most of those operators who were in
the room are running and using those ugly non pure ipv4 related bgp
extensions in their production networks to sell more services and to
make extra money. 

Furthen most of them just wants their features in the code tomorrow and
not anybody's elses. 

Cheers,
R.

> Randy Bush wrote:
> 
> > you stop pretending to speak for all service providers, and I won't
> > pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)
> 
> no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually
> in the room
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

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Subject: Who speaks for whom [was: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]
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Folks-

 I suggest we once and for all agree that each of us speaks as an
 individual. The chest beating matches like "I've talked to so many
 guys and they think..., how many have you talked to?" are NOT going
 to be productive. The topic is _extremely_ important and we want to
 encourage an open discussion here.

 If you believe someone thinks one way or the other--please ask that
 person to speak up on the list and explain, don't "represent" their
 opinion.

 Please, let's also NOT second-guess why people think one way or the
 other, let's NOT try to put reasons behind THEIR words, let THEM
 do that.

 Let's please get back to the very important topic at hand.
 Thanks.
 
-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Wednesday, July 30, 2003, 10:17:12 AM, Robert Raszuk wrote:

> The only problem with this is that most of those operators who were in
> the room are running and using those ugly non pure ipv4 related bgp
> extensions in their production networks to sell more services and to
> make extra money. 

> Furthen most of them just wants their features in the code tomorrow and
> not anybody's elses. 

> Cheers,
> R.

>> Randy Bush wrote:
>> 
>> > you stop pretending to speak for all service providers, and I won't
>> > pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)
>> 
>> no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually
>> in the room
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> routing-discussion mailing list
>> routing-discussion@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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From: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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To: Robert Raszuk <raszuk@cisco.com>
CC: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, Eric Rosen <erosen@cisco.com>,
        Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
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Subject: Who speaks for whom [was: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]
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Folks-

 I suggest we once and for all agree that each of us speaks as an
 individual. The chest beating matches like "I've talked to so many
 guys and they think..., how many have you talked to?" are NOT going
 to be productive. The topic is _extremely_ important and we want to
 encourage an open discussion here.

 If you believe someone thinks one way or the other--please ask that
 person to speak up on the list and explain, don't "represent" their
 opinion.

 Please, let's also NOT second-guess why people think one way or the
 other, let's NOT try to put reasons behind THEIR words, let THEM
 do that.

 Let's please get back to the very important topic at hand.
 Thanks.
 
-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Wednesday, July 30, 2003, 10:17:12 AM, Robert Raszuk wrote:

> The only problem with this is that most of those operators who were in
> the room are running and using those ugly non pure ipv4 related bgp
> extensions in their production networks to sell more services and to
> make extra money. 

> Furthen most of them just wants their features in the code tomorrow and
> not anybody's elses. 

> Cheers,
> R.

>> Randy Bush wrote:
>> 
>> > you stop pretending to speak for all service providers, and I won't
>> > pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)
>> 
>> no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually
>> in the room
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> routing-discussion mailing list
>> routing-discussion@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 13:47:07 2003
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Randy> no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually in
Randy> the room 

As individual  technical experts, we all  need to evaluate  and critique the
technical arguments  using our complete  range of knowledge  and experience.
The correctness of  a technical position has nothing to  do with who happens
to be in some room at some particular time. 

In  the case  at  hand, no  one would  deny  that providers  desire to  have
operational stability. Providers also  desire other things, such as delivery
of new services in a timely manner.   What is at issue is the best technical
approach  for achieving  these  goals.   This is  a  legitimate subject  for
discussion, and the "operators actually in the room" are not the only people
who may have something useful to say. 





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> Randy> well, so  much for bgp, as  any one researcher who  actually 
> looks at
> Randy> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
>
> Sure, BGP is the worst possible  protocol, except for all the others.  
> If we
> can come up with a protocol  that is clearly better, let's definitely 
> use it
> instead.  In the meantime, however, ...

I think one of the problems with BGP is that it has lured into this "as 
there is nothing better, let's put it all in there". To be honest I 
think that the reason that you are seeing customers being perfectly 
happy to put various features into BGP is not that they don't see a 
problem with it. They don't think there is an alternative.

If we go to the next Nanog/RIPE/APNIC/SANOG/NORDNOG etc and try and get 
a feeling if people would be happy to add a new protocol, I think you 
would have an interesting discussion.

As I said in Vienna, I think a large part of the problem is that we are 
getting complacent (I hope that is the right word; read lazy).

> Alex> I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly 
> appropriate
> Alex> for us  to keep  the engineering  aspects in mind  and make  the 
> right
> Alex> choices at the protocol level.  This is the i_E_tf. Saying 
> "ouch! this
> Alex> is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.
>
> Sure  the IETF  has  to be  concerned  with engineering.   But the  
> software
> engineering of a  particular box is the responsibility  of the box 
> builders,
> and not a matter for IETF consensus.

I would say that the problem we are having now is the opposite. In 
order to solve a software problem, people are trying to add things to a 
protocol.

> Alex> even with a  separate protocol, there is some risk  that a 
> vendor will
> Alex> do  a poor  job,  but it's  much  less likely  that  the same  
> running
> Alex> environment, internal system infrastructure will be used.
>
> If we had a  second protocol which is "like BGP", probably  there 
> would be a
> lot of reuse of modules for table maintenance and stuff.  Of course, 
> some of
> these modules might need to be  generalized, which would then impact 
> BGP.  I
> think this is the kind of stuff that Pedro has been talking about.

This is a theoretical statement until we know what that protocol or the 
requirement for it would be.

- - kurtis -

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> you stop pretending to speak for all service providers, and I won't
> pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)

no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually
in the room


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To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, raszuk@cisco.com,
        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 30 Jul 2003 09:33:50 -0700.
             <E19htte-0007l6-TF@ran.psg.com> 
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 13:05:16 -0400


Randy> can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
Randy> especially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
Randy> experts? 

Seems like a fair enough deal:  you stop pretending to speak for all service
providers, and I won't pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)


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To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
CC: Eric Rosen <erosen@cisco.com>, Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 19:17:12 +0200
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The only problem with this is that most of those operators who were in
the room are running and using those ugly non pure ipv4 related bgp
extensions in their production networks to sell more services and to
make extra money. 

Furthen most of them just wants their features in the code tomorrow and
not anybody's elses. 

Cheers,
R.

> Randy Bush wrote:
> 
> > you stop pretending to speak for all service providers, and I won't
> > pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)
> 
> no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually
> in the room
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 14:19:08 2003
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Subject: Re: Who speaks for whom [was: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]
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I.e., hearsay is inadmissible..

It's always amused me how folks within the IETF tout it's existence as a
body of individuals when it's convenient, yet those same folks 
explicitly
ask for "operator input" on a consistent basis.  It's always amusing as 
well
to see folks attempt to solidify their own stance by suggesting that 
they're
speaking on behalf of "lots of customers" or "all the big operators" on 
some
important IETF topic.  If it's that important [and the folks they're 
speaking
on behalf of have email and half a clue!], you'd think they might be 
capable
of speaking for themselves (I am aware of some legitimate exceptions).
Then again, the extreme (and probably most entertaining) is when all of
one vendor's "customers" come out of the woodwork and post the "we like 
this
idea" to the WG mailing list, which is typically equally useless.

The reality is that being an operator doesn't make you any more clueful
then the next guy, nor does being a vendor or "developer" at said 
vendor.
Heck, I know lots of vendor folks that used to be good operators, some 
of
which actually maintained their operator mindset!  I know vendors that
have never been an operator that think more about operational issues
than most operators...  Of course, I see *service provider* requirements
documents authored entirely by vendors with only more vendors in the
acknowledgments section (i.e., no service providers or operators) and
I've seen service provider folks listed as co-authors on documents 
they've
neither read nor understand.

My point: each person's arguments should carry weight based on the
content, not on the author's employer...

On the topic of RP overloading...

There are [some] very real problems folks are attempting to address and
given MP-BGP & BGP-CAP, BGP has been the easy answer.  Heck, with IGP
Capabilities being defined we'll be able to do more things even faster
(although I'm kidding, be wary :-)

Seriously though, maybe piggybacking on routing protocols is the right
answer -- or is it?  Most of the problems folks are trying to solve 
certainly
seem very real.

I was mesmerized by the sight of a "panel" at the Routing Area meeting, 
and
as I suspected, only the same set of arguments were repeated to no 
avail.  As
several people have suggested, I think if folks have something more to 
say
and are genuinely concerned with this topic, you should probably 
attempt to
organize and document your thoughts in an Internet-Draft and post it
accordingly, else it'll likely be lost in the obvious rumble of 
political and
commercial agendas and egotistic chest thumping.

I know of several folks that are engaged in this process now, 
hopefully, some
good will come of it.

-danny


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To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, raszuk@cisco.com,
        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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Randy> no problem, when you actually listen to all the operators actually in
Randy> the room 

As individual  technical experts, we all  need to evaluate  and critique the
technical arguments  using our complete  range of knowledge  and experience.
The correctness of  a technical position has nothing to  do with who happens
to be in some room at some particular time. 

In  the case  at  hand, no  one would  deny  that providers  desire to  have
operational stability. Providers also  desire other things, such as delivery
of new services in a timely manner.   What is at issue is the best technical
approach  for achieving  these  goals.   This is  a  legitimate subject  for
discussion, and the "operators actually in the room" are not the only people
who may have something useful to say. 





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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 14:39:10 2003
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To: "John G. Scudder" <jgs@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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interesting question, john.  how would one measure whether and how
adding complexity to the protocol decreases reliability of the
network (of course there is a large body of literature on software
compexity, but that aside)?

an academic research approach might be to measure the change in the
software complexity over a long period of time and, in parallel,
measure the reliability of the network.  but we have not done so,
and getting those measures would be difficult as would controlling
for other variables.

but, as operators, we do have some measures, e.g., how long it
takes to get an image reliable enough to deploy after a new feature
has been added.  but it will be difficult to discuss this without
getting into bashing.

so, how would you suggest we measure this?

randy 


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interesting question, john.  how would one measure whether and how
adding complexity to the protocol decreases reliability of the
network (of course there is a large body of literature on software
compexity, but that aside)?

an academic research approach might be to measure the change in the
software complexity over a long period of time and, in parallel,
measure the reliability of the network.  but we have not done so,
and getting those measures would be difficult as would controlling
for other variables.

but, as operators, we do have some measures, e.g., how long it
takes to get an image reliable enough to deploy after a new feature
has been added.  but it will be difficult to discuss this without
getting into bashing.

so, how would you suggest we measure this?

randy 


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Hash: SHA1

> Randy> well, so  much for bgp, as  any one researcher who  actually 
> looks at
> Randy> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
>
> Sure, BGP is the worst possible  protocol, except for all the others.  
> If we
> can come up with a protocol  that is clearly better, let's definitely 
> use it
> instead.  In the meantime, however, ...

I think one of the problems with BGP is that it has lured into this "as 
there is nothing better, let's put it all in there". To be honest I 
think that the reason that you are seeing customers being perfectly 
happy to put various features into BGP is not that they don't see a 
problem with it. They don't think there is an alternative.

If we go to the next Nanog/RIPE/APNIC/SANOG/NORDNOG etc and try and get 
a feeling if people would be happy to add a new protocol, I think you 
would have an interesting discussion.

As I said in Vienna, I think a large part of the problem is that we are 
getting complacent (I hope that is the right word; read lazy).

> Alex> I'd like to take this further and say that it is perfectly 
> appropriate
> Alex> for us  to keep  the engineering  aspects in mind  and make  the 
> right
> Alex> choices at the protocol level.  This is the i_E_tf. Saying 
> "ouch! this
> Alex> is engineering, we can't be thinking about this" would be wrong.
>
> Sure  the IETF  has  to be  concerned  with engineering.   But the  
> software
> engineering of a  particular box is the responsibility  of the box 
> builders,
> and not a matter for IETF consensus.

I would say that the problem we are having now is the opposite. In 
order to solve a software problem, people are trying to add things to a 
protocol.

> Alex> even with a  separate protocol, there is some risk  that a 
> vendor will
> Alex> do  a poor  job,  but it's  much  less likely  that  the same  
> running
> Alex> environment, internal system infrastructure will be used.
>
> If we had a  second protocol which is "like BGP", probably  there 
> would be a
> lot of reuse of modules for table maintenance and stuff.  Of course, 
> some of
> these modules might need to be  generalized, which would then impact 
> BGP.  I
> think this is the kind of stuff that Pedro has been talking about.

This is a theoretical statement until we know what that protocol or the 
requirement for it would be.

- - kurtis -

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At 12:16 PM 7/30/2003 -0600, Danny McPherson wrote:
>If it's that important [and the folks they're speaking
>on behalf of have email and half a clue!], you'd think they might be capable
>of speaking for themselves

I agree with the sentiment, and at the same time I can tell you of a number 
of cases where they have chosen not to but rather to pull me (and 
presumably others) off in the hallways and say "please do <this> in the 
IETF and we will use it". I get very frustrated with them for not speaking 
for themselves, but I also know that they often feel that there is some 
competitive information that they don't want to leak. They would rather use 
some sort of surrogate.

So, for them, I would hope that this is a call to speak for themselves. 


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I.e., hearsay is inadmissible..

It's always amused me how folks within the IETF tout it's existence as a
body of individuals when it's convenient, yet those same folks 
explicitly
ask for "operator input" on a consistent basis.  It's always amusing as 
well
to see folks attempt to solidify their own stance by suggesting that 
they're
speaking on behalf of "lots of customers" or "all the big operators" on 
some
important IETF topic.  If it's that important [and the folks they're 
speaking
on behalf of have email and half a clue!], you'd think they might be 
capable
of speaking for themselves (I am aware of some legitimate exceptions).
Then again, the extreme (and probably most entertaining) is when all of
one vendor's "customers" come out of the woodwork and post the "we like 
this
idea" to the WG mailing list, which is typically equally useless.

The reality is that being an operator doesn't make you any more clueful
then the next guy, nor does being a vendor or "developer" at said 
vendor.
Heck, I know lots of vendor folks that used to be good operators, some 
of
which actually maintained their operator mindset!  I know vendors that
have never been an operator that think more about operational issues
than most operators...  Of course, I see *service provider* requirements
documents authored entirely by vendors with only more vendors in the
acknowledgments section (i.e., no service providers or operators) and
I've seen service provider folks listed as co-authors on documents 
they've
neither read nor understand.

My point: each person's arguments should carry weight based on the
content, not on the author's employer...

On the topic of RP overloading...

There are [some] very real problems folks are attempting to address and
given MP-BGP & BGP-CAP, BGP has been the easy answer.  Heck, with IGP
Capabilities being defined we'll be able to do more things even faster
(although I'm kidding, be wary :-)

Seriously though, maybe piggybacking on routing protocols is the right
answer -- or is it?  Most of the problems folks are trying to solve 
certainly
seem very real.

I was mesmerized by the sight of a "panel" at the Routing Area meeting, 
and
as I suspected, only the same set of arguments were repeated to no 
avail.  As
several people have suggested, I think if folks have something more to 
say
and are genuinely concerned with this topic, you should probably 
attempt to
organize and document your thoughts in an Internet-Draft and post it
accordingly, else it'll likely be lost in the obvious rumble of 
political and
commercial agendas and egotistic chest thumping.

I know of several folks that are engaged in this process now, 
hopefully, some
good will come of it.

-danny


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> so, how would you suggest we measure this?

What I can't figure out....

We all know that BGP doesn't scale, convergence is a serious problem, 
etc, etc.

What on earth makes us think that adding data to be distributed and 
processed will not have impact? Or make it worse? Could someone 
enlighten me?

<undue flame - so Alex can tell me to stop :-)>

Router vendors have a hard time as it is to get packets from interface 
A to interface B. The people designing these systems and providing 
feedback (so I include myself, and most people on this list) have been 
at this for more than 10 years. What we have today is the best we have 
done so far. If this would be any other business, we would have the 
government intervene (for example, look at the food scandals in Europe. 
To a large extend that is failure of the standards bodies). We have 
continuously complained of the performance of BGP (I am not as much 
long-timer as some people here, but I have probably been around longer 
than many), and yet we continue to add features. The first thing that 
amazes me is that developers of various features _even want_ them to 
use BGP, the second thing that amazes me is that we haven't started to 
see a pattern.
</undue flame>

I am sorry I can't work this out - and I have had way to much coffee 
for someone who shouldn't drink coffee at all ;-)

Last, but I think Randy have a point, we need to agree on what we are 
trying to measure first.

- - kurtis -

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> so, how would you suggest we measure this?

What I can't figure out....

We all know that BGP doesn't scale, convergence is a serious problem, 
etc, etc.

What on earth makes us think that adding data to be distributed and 
processed will not have impact? Or make it worse? Could someone 
enlighten me?

<undue flame - so Alex can tell me to stop :-)>

Router vendors have a hard time as it is to get packets from interface 
A to interface B. The people designing these systems and providing 
feedback (so I include myself, and most people on this list) have been 
at this for more than 10 years. What we have today is the best we have 
done so far. If this would be any other business, we would have the 
government intervene (for example, look at the food scandals in Europe. 
To a large extend that is failure of the standards bodies). We have 
continuously complained of the performance of BGP (I am not as much 
long-timer as some people here, but I have probably been around longer 
than many), and yet we continue to add features. The first thing that 
amazes me is that developers of various features _even want_ them to 
use BGP, the second thing that amazes me is that we haven't started to 
see a pattern.
</undue flame>

I am sorry I can't work this out - and I have had way to much coffee 
for someone who shouldn't drink coffee at all ;-)

Last, but I think Randy have a point, we need to agree on what we are 
trying to measure first.

- - kurtis -

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To: Danny McPherson <danny@tcb.net>
From: Fred Baker <fred@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: Who speaks for whom [was: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in
  Vienna]
Cc: <routing-discussion@ietf.org>
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 11:57:25 -0700

At 12:16 PM 7/30/2003 -0600, Danny McPherson wrote:
>If it's that important [and the folks they're speaking
>on behalf of have email and half a clue!], you'd think they might be capable
>of speaking for themselves

I agree with the sentiment, and at the same time I can tell you of a number 
of cases where they have chosen not to but rather to pull me (and 
presumably others) off in the hallways and say "please do <this> in the 
IETF and we will use it". I get very frustrated with them for not speaking 
for themselves, but I also know that they often feel that there is some 
competitive information that they don't want to leak. They would rather use 
some sort of surrogate.

So, for them, I would hope that this is a call to speak for themselves. 


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 16:45:19 2003
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 16:40:43 -0400


Kurt> We all know that BGP doesn't scale

Yes,  that  must be  what  prevented the  Internet  from  ever getting  very
large. ;-)
 

Kurt> What on  earth makes us think  that adding data to  be distributed and
Kurt> processed  will not  have impact?   Or  make it  worse? Could  someone
Kurt> enlighten me?

Let's look at two cases: 

1. The new  data is going to be  distributed to the same set  of nodes which
   currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet routing
   tables.  

   Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new data, then
   however one distributes  it, those nodes are going to  have to handle it.
   Either they  have enough capacity for  it or they don't.   Using a second
   protocol does not reduce the distribution or the capacity load. 

2. The  new data is distributed  to a different  set of nodes than  the ones
   which currently speak  BGP for the purpose of  maintaining their Internet
   routing tables. 

   In this case, the use of BGP by  the nodes which need the new data has no
   impact  on the nodes  which use  BGP to  maintain their  Internet routing
   tables. 

So in neither case do I see what this terrifying impact is. 

Now for a particular kind of data, you may want to argue that BGP is not the
appropriate mechanism  for distributing  that kind of  data.  But  to decide
that you need to look at the details of the particular proposal.

Kurt> The first thing that amazes  me is that developers of various features
Kurt> _even want_ them  to use BGP, the second thing that  amazes me is that
Kurt> we haven't started to see a pattern. 

I guess not everyone agrees with you that 




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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 16:40:43 -0400


Kurt> We all know that BGP doesn't scale

Yes,  that  must be  what  prevented the  Internet  from  ever getting  very
large. ;-)
 

Kurt> What on  earth makes us think  that adding data to  be distributed and
Kurt> processed  will not  have impact?   Or  make it  worse? Could  someone
Kurt> enlighten me?

Let's look at two cases: 

1. The new  data is going to be  distributed to the same set  of nodes which
   currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet routing
   tables.  

   Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new data, then
   however one distributes  it, those nodes are going to  have to handle it.
   Either they  have enough capacity for  it or they don't.   Using a second
   protocol does not reduce the distribution or the capacity load. 

2. The  new data is distributed  to a different  set of nodes than  the ones
   which currently speak  BGP for the purpose of  maintaining their Internet
   routing tables. 

   In this case, the use of BGP by  the nodes which need the new data has no
   impact  on the nodes  which use  BGP to  maintain their  Internet routing
   tables. 

So in neither case do I see what this terrifying impact is. 

Now for a particular kind of data, you may want to argue that BGP is not the
appropriate mechanism  for distributing  that kind of  data.  But  to decide
that you need to look at the details of the particular proposal.

Kurt> The first thing that amazes  me is that developers of various features
Kurt> _even want_ them  to use BGP, the second thing that  amazes me is that
Kurt> we haven't started to see a pattern. 

I guess not everyone agrees with you that 




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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 07:02:14 +1000

At 04:40 PM 30/07/2003 -0400, Eric Rosen wrote:

>Kurt> We all know that BGP doesn't scale
>
>Yes,  that  must be  what  prevented the  Internet  from  ever getting  very
>large. ;-)

I suspect in this comment that Eric is  skipping across some amazing efforts
by a small pool of folk to reign in some of the more extreme forms of
deployed routing abuse (no, I do not count my own small efforts in this pool
of individuals). Keeping the network vaguely stable at it's current size
is taking increasingly large amounts of manual effort, and no, this
cannot scale indefinitely.

There _are_ problems in BGP deployments, and overloading the running
instance of the protocol to carry more information related to various overlay
signalling applications does not in itself assist in improving the situation.
For me its a counter-intuitive action that increases the level of operational
reliance on a single element of the network. But as Randy and Kurt have
said this already there's no point in my repeating it.

Geoff



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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 07:02:14 +1000

At 04:40 PM 30/07/2003 -0400, Eric Rosen wrote:

>Kurt> We all know that BGP doesn't scale
>
>Yes,  that  must be  what  prevented the  Internet  from  ever getting  very
>large. ;-)

I suspect in this comment that Eric is  skipping across some amazing efforts
by a small pool of folk to reign in some of the more extreme forms of
deployed routing abuse (no, I do not count my own small efforts in this pool
of individuals). Keeping the network vaguely stable at it's current size
is taking increasingly large amounts of manual effort, and no, this
cannot scale indefinitely.

There _are_ problems in BGP deployments, and overloading the running
instance of the protocol to carry more information related to various overlay
signalling applications does not in itself assist in improving the situation.
For me its a counter-intuitive action that increases the level of operational
reliance on a single element of the network. But as Randy and Kurt have
said this already there's no point in my repeating it.

Geoff



_______________________________________________
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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 17:23:06 2003
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To: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
Cc: erosen@cisco.com, Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, raszuk@cisco.com,
        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 17:31:16 -0400

On Wed, Jul 30, 2003 at 07:50:22PM +0200, Kurt Erik Lindqvist wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> > Randy> well, so  much for bgp, as  any one researcher who  actually 
> > looks at
> > Randy> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
> >
> > Sure, BGP is the worst possible  protocol, except for all the others.  
> > If we
> > can come up with a protocol  that is clearly better, let's definitely 
> > use it
> > instead.  In the meantime, however, ...
> 
> I think one of the problems with BGP is that it has lured into this "as 
> there is nothing better, let's put it all in there". To be honest I 
> think that the reason that you are seeing customers being perfectly 
> happy to put various features into BGP is not that they don't see a 
> problem with it. They don't think there is an alternative.

Along the same vein, I wonder how many other operators started out with
a strong stance against overloading of BGP, and after years of tilting
at that windmill and observing that vendors continues to pile on new
"feature" after "feature" into BGP, just gave up?

I certainly have. As an operator stability and optimal performance of
BGP implementations are of upmost concern for me, and there was a time
that many others appeared to feel the same. Afterall, MSDP didn't end
up in BGP and became a separate protocol because of that concern.

However, since then I've seen vendors continually ignore our concern
and input and overload other features into BGP. 

There are those who say that it's operators' need to deploy new services
that's been causing this, but from my perspective, when/where we do use
new gadgets in BGP to rollout new service deployments it's because vendors
have already put those gadgets into their BGP implementation despite my 
feedback, and there's only so much time and energy we can spend bashing
our heads against the brick wall. Afterall, we have a network to run and 
services to deploy.

So, is it really that operators all want to pile everything on BGP, or
is it that they don't see any alternatives?

-dorian

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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 31 Jul 2003 07:02:14 +1000.
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Geoff> There _are_ problems in  BGP deployments, and overloading the running
Geoff> instance of the protocol to carry more information related to various
Geoff> overlay  signalling  applications  does   not  in  itself  assist  in
Geoff> improving the  situation. For me its a  counter-intuitive action that
Geoff> increases the  level of operational  reliance on a single  element of
Geoff> the network. 

This  is all  true,  but it  seems like  a  deployment issue  rather than  a
protocol issue. 


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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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Geoff> There _are_ problems in  BGP deployments, and overloading the running
Geoff> instance of the protocol to carry more information related to various
Geoff> overlay  signalling  applications  does   not  in  itself  assist  in
Geoff> improving the  situation. For me its a  counter-intuitive action that
Geoff> increases the  level of operational  reliance on a single  element of
Geoff> the network. 

This  is all  true,  but it  seems like  a  deployment issue  rather than  a
protocol issue. 


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 17:28:02 2003
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: What is this all about? [was Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 14:26:17 -0700

	I was reading all of the traffic on this list this AM and
	decided to go off to the gym, experience a little of the
	relationship between mass and gravity, and think about
	all of this a bit. So, it seems to me that there are 
	(at least) five general areas that we've been discussing:  

	(i).	The control theoretic properties of the BGP
		control plane. As Randy points out, this is a
		topic of great interest to most everyone, and has
		been (and continues to be) the object of a great
		deal of study. 

	(ii).	Possibly not unrelated to (i). above is the
		potential impact on the behavior of the BGP
		control plane (i.e., operational stability). More
		specifically, we seem to be discussing the impact
		of various transporting features and their
		associated signaling using the BGP control plane
		(no one seems to have voiced an explicit problem
		with the BGP data plane, as far as I can tell).  

	(iii).	Another point that has been discussed in this
		thread (as well as in Vienna) relates to the
		software engineering aspects of transporting
		features and signaling using the BGP
		infrastructure that is deployed on the Internet
		today. In particular, some have concern about the
		effect of this practice on the stability of the
		Internet (i.e., (i)-(ii) above). Others see it
		(explicitly) differently. 

	(iv).	Again, possibly related to (i)-(iii) are a set of
		loosely defined/described concerns relating to
		the possible increase in system complexity
		deriving from extensions to BGP (the term
		extensions here is itself loosely defined; one
		might argue that the extension was to MP-BGP, and
		the rest fits within that framework, and hence
		are not extensions). 
		
		One thing that I think we as a community have
		learned over the past few years is that a
		quantitative understanding of the complexity of a
		system like the Internet is currently beyond our
		grasp. See http://www.maoz.com/~dmm/complexity_and_the_internet 
		for an overview of some of the early work in this
		area (the point here is that the field is in a
		very early stage in its development).  

	(v).	Market forces and their associated economics. It
		is interesting to note that, in addition to the
		discussion of AFs we're having here, current BGP
		deployment practices are clearly not independent
		of these same forces.

	(vi).	Others that I missed.

	These are complex issues in that they involve a system
	(the Internet) who's behavior we can not precisely
	characterize (in many cases, we just don't have the
	tools). These include, but not limited to, the quantative
	behavior of the current BGP control plane, market forces
	involved in fielding features (and signaling) in BGP, and
	in general, the stability and scaling properties of the
	BGP as deployed in the Internet.

	All of that considered, one approach which might be
	constructive here is to understand which of (i)-(v)
	above, if any, are in scope for this discussion (and in
	scope for the IETF in general), and to fill out (vi), as 
	there must be other issues not captured by
	(i)-(iv). Then, to Danny's point, we can finish up the
	straw-person document, post it here (or wherever is
	appropriate), and discuss that. That would seem to be
	consistent with the IETF process, as I understand it.  

>> My point: each person's arguments should carry weight based on the
>> content, not on the author's employer...

	Agree, and to put a (slightly) finer point on it (quoting
	the great Sly Stone now): 

Sometimes I'm right, but I can be wrong
My own beliefs are in my song
The butcher, the banker, the drummer and then
Makes no difference what group I'm in

	Dave

	


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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: What is this all about? [was Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 14:26:17 -0700

	I was reading all of the traffic on this list this AM and
	decided to go off to the gym, experience a little of the
	relationship between mass and gravity, and think about
	all of this a bit. So, it seems to me that there are 
	(at least) five general areas that we've been discussing:  

	(i).	The control theoretic properties of the BGP
		control plane. As Randy points out, this is a
		topic of great interest to most everyone, and has
		been (and continues to be) the object of a great
		deal of study. 

	(ii).	Possibly not unrelated to (i). above is the
		potential impact on the behavior of the BGP
		control plane (i.e., operational stability). More
		specifically, we seem to be discussing the impact
		of various transporting features and their
		associated signaling using the BGP control plane
		(no one seems to have voiced an explicit problem
		with the BGP data plane, as far as I can tell).  

	(iii).	Another point that has been discussed in this
		thread (as well as in Vienna) relates to the
		software engineering aspects of transporting
		features and signaling using the BGP
		infrastructure that is deployed on the Internet
		today. In particular, some have concern about the
		effect of this practice on the stability of the
		Internet (i.e., (i)-(ii) above). Others see it
		(explicitly) differently. 

	(iv).	Again, possibly related to (i)-(iii) are a set of
		loosely defined/described concerns relating to
		the possible increase in system complexity
		deriving from extensions to BGP (the term
		extensions here is itself loosely defined; one
		might argue that the extension was to MP-BGP, and
		the rest fits within that framework, and hence
		are not extensions). 
		
		One thing that I think we as a community have
		learned over the past few years is that a
		quantitative understanding of the complexity of a
		system like the Internet is currently beyond our
		grasp. See http://www.maoz.com/~dmm/complexity_and_the_internet 
		for an overview of some of the early work in this
		area (the point here is that the field is in a
		very early stage in its development).  

	(v).	Market forces and their associated economics. It
		is interesting to note that, in addition to the
		discussion of AFs we're having here, current BGP
		deployment practices are clearly not independent
		of these same forces.

	(vi).	Others that I missed.

	These are complex issues in that they involve a system
	(the Internet) who's behavior we can not precisely
	characterize (in many cases, we just don't have the
	tools). These include, but not limited to, the quantative
	behavior of the current BGP control plane, market forces
	involved in fielding features (and signaling) in BGP, and
	in general, the stability and scaling properties of the
	BGP as deployed in the Internet.

	All of that considered, one approach which might be
	constructive here is to understand which of (i)-(v)
	above, if any, are in scope for this discussion (and in
	scope for the IETF in general), and to fill out (vi), as 
	there must be other issues not captured by
	(i)-(iv). Then, to Danny's point, we can finish up the
	straw-person document, post it here (or wherever is
	appropriate), and discuss that. That would seem to be
	consistent with the IETF process, as I understand it.  

>> My point: each person's arguments should carry weight based on the
>> content, not on the author's employer...

	Agree, and to put a (slightly) finer point on it (quoting
	the great Sly Stone now): 

Sometimes I'm right, but I can be wrong
My own beliefs are in my song
The butcher, the banker, the drummer and then
Makes no difference what group I'm in

	Dave

	


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 18:09:44 2003
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From: Dorian Kim <dorian@blackrose.org>
To: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
Cc: erosen@cisco.com, Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, raszuk@cisco.com,
        Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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References: <200307301630.h6UGUc7F011662@sj-core-2.cisco.com> <4A9296C2-C2B6-11D7-958B-000393A638B2@kurtis.pp.se>
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 17:31:16 -0400

On Wed, Jul 30, 2003 at 07:50:22PM +0200, Kurt Erik Lindqvist wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> > Randy> well, so  much for bgp, as  any one researcher who  actually 
> > looks at
> > Randy> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
> >
> > Sure, BGP is the worst possible  protocol, except for all the others.  
> > If we
> > can come up with a protocol  that is clearly better, let's definitely 
> > use it
> > instead.  In the meantime, however, ...
> 
> I think one of the problems with BGP is that it has lured into this "as 
> there is nothing better, let's put it all in there". To be honest I 
> think that the reason that you are seeing customers being perfectly 
> happy to put various features into BGP is not that they don't see a 
> problem with it. They don't think there is an alternative.

Along the same vein, I wonder how many other operators started out with
a strong stance against overloading of BGP, and after years of tilting
at that windmill and observing that vendors continues to pile on new
"feature" after "feature" into BGP, just gave up?

I certainly have. As an operator stability and optimal performance of
BGP implementations are of upmost concern for me, and there was a time
that many others appeared to feel the same. Afterall, MSDP didn't end
up in BGP and became a separate protocol because of that concern.

However, since then I've seen vendors continually ignore our concern
and input and overload other features into BGP. 

There are those who say that it's operators' need to deploy new services
that's been causing this, but from my perspective, when/where we do use
new gadgets in BGP to rollout new service deployments it's because vendors
have already put those gadgets into their BGP implementation despite my 
feedback, and there's only so much time and energy we can spend bashing
our heads against the brick wall. Afterall, we have a network to run and 
services to deploy.

So, is it really that operators all want to pile everything on BGP, or
is it that they don't see any alternatives?

-dorian

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 19:47:56 2003
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: What is this all about? [was Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]
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Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 16:45:44 -0700

	One clarification:

>> 	(ii).	Possibly not unrelated to (i). above is the
>> 		potential impact on the behavior of the BGP
>> 		control plane (i.e., operational stability). More
>> 		specifically, we seem to be discussing the impact
>> 		of various transporting features and their
>> 		associated signaling using the BGP control plane
>> 		(no one seems to have voiced an explicit problem
>> 		with the BGP data plane, as far as I can tell).  

	I kinda mangled what I was trying to say here (sorry
	about that). Basically, this item was supposed to capture
	the discussion about the impact of carrying new AF/SAFIs
	and their associated signaling data in BGP. The
	parenthetical comment about the data plane was meant to
	reflect that I hadn't seen any discussion about the
	encoding or format of the data being carried (someone
	correct me if I'm wrong there). 

	Dave

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 19:47:57 2003
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From: Henry Kilmer <hank@rem.com>
To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
Cc: Eric Rosen <erosen@cisco.com>, Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
        raszuk@cisco.com, Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>,
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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Randy Bush writes:
>one of the advantages of working for an operator is that you get to
>talk to lots of vendors, not just the ones that are politically
>well connected in the ietf.  and i can tell you that the idea of
>extending bgp ad infinitum horrifies most of them.
>
>can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
>expecially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
>experts?

Amen.  Although I don't think the operator to vendor ratio within the
IETF forums are what they should be to produce the best results.

-Hank


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        raszuk@cisco.com, Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>,
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Randy Bush writes:
>one of the advantages of working for an operator is that you get to
>talk to lots of vendors, not just the ones that are politically
>well connected in the ietf.  and i can tell you that the idea of
>extending bgp ad infinitum horrifies most of them.
>
>can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
>expecially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
>experts?

Amen.  Although I don't think the operator to vendor ratio within the
IETF forums are what they should be to produce the best results.

-Hank


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 20:34:47 2003
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: What is this all about? [was Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]
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	One clarification:

>> 	(ii).	Possibly not unrelated to (i). above is the
>> 		potential impact on the behavior of the BGP
>> 		control plane (i.e., operational stability). More
>> 		specifically, we seem to be discussing the impact
>> 		of various transporting features and their
>> 		associated signaling using the BGP control plane
>> 		(no one seems to have voiced an explicit problem
>> 		with the BGP data plane, as far as I can tell).  

	I kinda mangled what I was trying to say here (sorry
	about that). Basically, this item was supposed to capture
	the discussion about the impact of carrying new AF/SAFIs
	and their associated signaling data in BGP. The
	parenthetical comment about the data plane was meant to
	reflect that I hadn't seen any discussion about the
	encoding or format of the data being carried (someone
	correct me if I'm wrong there). 

	Dave

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 30 20:34:47 2003
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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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You're asking for the URL for all of the NOCs of the major ISPs.

Robert Raszuk writes:
>
>I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
>reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ? Also if
>those folks are real researchers we will most likely be able to also see
>studies on how much time do we have left.
>
>R.
>
>> Randy Bush wrote:
>> 
>> > There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
>> > buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
>> > the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
>> > can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
>> > another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
>> > newcommers.
>> 
>> well, so much for bgp, as anyone researcher who actually looks at
>> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
>> 
>> randy
>
>_______________________________________________
>routing-discussion mailing list
>routing-discussion@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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You're asking for the URL for all of the NOCs of the major ISPs.

Robert Raszuk writes:
>
>I am sure those opinions must be documented - could you compile a URL
>reference list so we can all see how bad it "performs" today ? Also if
>those folks are real researchers we will most likely be able to also see
>studies on how much time do we have left.
>
>R.
>
>> Randy Bush wrote:
>> 
>> > There has always been an issue if one should extend one city with new
>> > buildings or start over and build new city. My take on this is that if
>> > the architecture of a given city is good, communication is perfect and
>> > can scale adding a new buildings or districts nicely divided from one
>> > another will not harm anyone to get to large sizes accomodating all
>> > newcommers.
>> 
>> well, so much for bgp, as anyone researcher who actually looks at
>> how the protocol performs on the net will tell you.
>> 
>> randy
>
>_______________________________________________
>routing-discussion mailing list
>routing-discussion@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 03:28:55 2003
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[Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]

For a more focused discussion, I'll be taking several important topics
to separate threads. Please use appropriate subject lines.

If you believe that an important issue has been accidently dropped,
please take it to the appropriate thread or spawn a new one.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


_______________________________________________
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[Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna]

For a more focused discussion, I'll be taking several important topics
to separate threads. Please use appropriate subject lines.

If you believe that an important issue has been accidently dropped,
please take it to the appropriate thread or spawn a new one.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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I guess I should start with this one:

Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 10:59:14 PM, Pedro Roque Marques wrote:
[...]
> I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is...

For a long time I have been hearing concerns about mmmm... ever
increasing popularity of BGP and routing protocols in general as one
and the only answer to any problem involving distribution of
information among routers (whether routing-related or not), a the
potential impact of this on stability of BGP holding the Internet
together.

I've also seen folks refusing to accept the possibility that the above
may cause concerns. I've also been observing vendors hard-pressed by
dead-lines and competition to put more applications on top of BGP. As
you said, there is "a fundamental difference in perception that we
have".

The question, however, is very important, and needs to be discussed in
the open. My goal for this discussion is that we come out with a clear
sense of direction. If we are fine with what's happening to RPs (and
BGP in particular)--we'll keep walking down the same path. However, if
this is not the case, we better have a very good idea where we want to
be long term and what our next steps should be.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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I guess I should start with this one:

Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 10:59:14 PM, Pedro Roque Marques wrote:
[...]
> I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is...

For a long time I have been hearing concerns about mmmm... ever
increasing popularity of BGP and routing protocols in general as one
and the only answer to any problem involving distribution of
information among routers (whether routing-related or not), a the
potential impact of this on stability of BGP holding the Internet
together.

I've also seen folks refusing to accept the possibility that the above
may cause concerns. I've also been observing vendors hard-pressed by
dead-lines and competition to put more applications on top of BGP. As
you said, there is "a fundamental difference in perception that we
have".

The question, however, is very important, and needs to be discussed in
the open. My goal for this discussion is that we come out with a clear
sense of direction. If we are fine with what's happening to RPs (and
BGP in particular)--we'll keep walking down the same path. However, if
this is not the case, we better have a very good idea where we want to
be long term and what our next steps should be.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 03:30:50 2003
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John,

Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 6:19:25 PM, John G. Scudder wrote:
[...]
>>>  The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
>>  > part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
>>  > functionality.

> I would be interested to know if you can elaborate on this without 
> resort to the ambiguous term "non-routing".

Sure.
The discussion started with two VPN-related drafts (they had different
names then):

  draft-ietf-l3vpn-bgpvpn-auto-00.txt and
  draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt

At the IETF meeting in Vienna, we had some more BGP-based proposals,
that are not related to distribution of {prefix, next-hop,...} tuples.

If wanted to formalize when I see concerns being raised, I would
probably use the results of the discussion we had on the RTG
directorate:

   There are types of information that are fair to distribute in
   routing protocols:

      a) information required to calculate the routing tables

      b) route tagging, administrative, and policy-related information

      c) routing security-related information

      d) information closely related to routing, especially when
         synchronization with routing information is needed

   Others would be considered non-routing.

Alex


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 <200307250306.h6P365c55485@roque-bsd.juniper.net>
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Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 10:59:14 PM, Pedro Roque Marques wrote:
[...]
> I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is... my assumption
> is that you are concerned w/ the availiability of internet service,
> which depends on several factors including the stability of router
> software.

Yes. See my message on "the goal".

> While the latter is certainly a cause for concern, i would suggest
> that you think of this equipment not as "Internet" infrastructure but
> as equipment which is bought and operated by a telecomunications
> company.

Both views are valid, and both need to be kept in mind.
We can't look at the routers in a SP network only within the contents
of that given SP. They are also part of the Internet infrastructure,
and we need to keep this picture in mind too.

> Thus equipment caracteristics and failures are going to play an
> important role in "Internet" availability, regardless of the root
> cause of the problem. As such, "critical" needs to be defined from the
> point of view of a service provider.

If by "from the POV of a service provide" you mean within the context
of its network only, then I would disagree. This would merely ignore
the bigger picture.

[part on impact on SW taken to a separate thread]

> While people love to state that the "I in IETF stands for Internet" in
> tend to be very sceptic of how realistic is this view. The Internet
> doesn't exist in a vacum. The IETF itself doesn't have a vertical
> approach in terms of considering all levels and elements used to
> provide internet services. It has mostly an horizontal approach to
> standardize the IP protocol suite regardless of the application.

However, issues of the scale of the Internet should be kept in mind,
and, frankly, I'm a bit surprised I find myself having to convince
_routing_ folks on this...

Alex


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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 <200307250306.h6P365c55485@roque-bsd.juniper.net>
 <2482819267.20030729124721@psg.com>
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Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 10:59:14 PM, Pedro Roque Marques wrote:
[...]
> I confess that i'm not quite sure what your goal is... my assumption
> is that you are concerned w/ the availiability of internet service,
> which depends on several factors including the stability of router
> software.

Yes. See my message on "the goal".

> While the latter is certainly a cause for concern, i would suggest
> that you think of this equipment not as "Internet" infrastructure but
> as equipment which is bought and operated by a telecomunications
> company.

Both views are valid, and both need to be kept in mind.
We can't look at the routers in a SP network only within the contents
of that given SP. They are also part of the Internet infrastructure,
and we need to keep this picture in mind too.

> Thus equipment caracteristics and failures are going to play an
> important role in "Internet" availability, regardless of the root
> cause of the problem. As such, "critical" needs to be defined from the
> point of view of a service provider.

If by "from the POV of a service provide" you mean within the context
of its network only, then I would disagree. This would merely ignore
the bigger picture.

[part on impact on SW taken to a separate thread]

> While people love to state that the "I in IETF stands for Internet" in
> tend to be very sceptic of how realistic is this view. The Internet
> doesn't exist in a vacum. The IETF itself doesn't have a vertical
> approach in terms of considering all levels and elements used to
> provide internet services. It has mostly an horizontal approach to
> standardize the IP protocol suite regardless of the application.

However, issues of the scale of the Internet should be kept in mind,
and, frankly, I'm a bit surprised I find myself having to convince
_routing_ folks on this...

Alex


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 03:31:52 2003
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Pedro,

Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 5:13:29 PM, Pedro Roque Marques wrote:
> Alex Zinin writes:

>> Pedro,
>>>> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would
>>>> be a no-op.

>>> I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
>>> little bit more and request you to define "already there".

>>> What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
>>> a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

>> Let's think about this. On the one hand we want to be reasonable and
>> avoid recoding/redebugging things that are already widely agreed on
>> and/or deployed. On the other hand we don't want to fall for the
>> "oh, but I just coded it yesterday, and here's the draft" trick. How
>> about something along these lines: "an IETF RFC, or a de-facto
>> multi-vendor interoperable standard"? Other suggestions?

> Alex,
> What is published as RFCs doesn't reflect my definition of what is
> "already there".

what about the second part of the suggested definition?

> In several areas, the best one can get to is WG document despite years
> spent in the process, running code and customer deployments. Without
> wanting to reopen unproductive discussions, this doesn't usually
> reflect lack of quality of the proposals but "process blocks".

> There is an a very high level of entropy which is created when
> something stops being an 'idea' and becomes used in production
> networks.

> Can we expect the IESG to acknowledge that these documents should be
> published as RFCs in order to facilitate interoperability ?

I don't think the IESG could do that, because until the document is
past the WG progress and the IETF Last Call, we can't state that
there's a consensus on it.

Chandra wrote:

> So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
> tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
> some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
> a new 'item' that needs BGP.

One of the suggestions that was being discussed in rtg-dir and ops-dir
is to have the proponents of the protocol extension explain why it
belongs in a particular routing protocol, and require consensus that
putting it there is the right approach.

> A new protocol would raise the same set of concerns. If there
> is a reasonably clear requirement for a new protocol for a given 
> set of applications, I think it may be a good idea to just define 
> what those are and why there is a feeling that they do not belong
> in BGP.

Two points here:

1. If there is a feeling that a given set of applications needs
   a separate protocol, we should do so.

2. Note how your logic wrt "belong in BGP" is completely reversed
   compared to the suggestion I mentioned above. I.e., you suggest
   to explain why something does NOT belong in BGP, while the
   suggestion is to have people explain why it should go there in
   the first place. I personally believe (and it seems to be the
   consensus in the rtg-dir and ops-dir) that the latter makes much
   more sense.

> Would that be easier than to debate about a future proof 
> 'new' protocol for 'all the other stuff'?

It does not seem to me that one excludes the other.

One of the attractive properties of the MP-BGP framework is that you
can quickly distribute new types of information among the routers
without having to specify and implement new protocol machinery. A
generalized transport protocol would provide the same possibility.

Alex


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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 <200307250306.h6P365c55485@roque-bsd.juniper.net>
 <2482819267.20030729124721@psg.com>
 <200307292200.h6TM0Qt69017@roque-bsd.juniper.net>
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 00:29:38 -0700
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Pedro,

Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 5:13:29 PM, Pedro Roque Marques wrote:
> Alex Zinin writes:

>> Pedro,
>>>> IMO, attempts to pull out from MP-BGP what's already there would
>>>> be a no-op.

>>> I'm glad we agree on something :-) I'm just going to press you a
>>> little bit more and request you to define "already there".

>>> What is the criteria: WG document ? service provider deployements ?
>>> a vendor implementation ? interoperable implementations ?

>> Let's think about this. On the one hand we want to be reasonable and
>> avoid recoding/redebugging things that are already widely agreed on
>> and/or deployed. On the other hand we don't want to fall for the
>> "oh, but I just coded it yesterday, and here's the draft" trick. How
>> about something along these lines: "an IETF RFC, or a de-facto
>> multi-vendor interoperable standard"? Other suggestions?

> Alex,
> What is published as RFCs doesn't reflect my definition of what is
> "already there".

what about the second part of the suggested definition?

> In several areas, the best one can get to is WG document despite years
> spent in the process, running code and customer deployments. Without
> wanting to reopen unproductive discussions, this doesn't usually
> reflect lack of quality of the proposals but "process blocks".

> There is an a very high level of entropy which is created when
> something stops being an 'idea' and becomes used in production
> networks.

> Can we expect the IESG to acknowledge that these documents should be
> published as RFCs in order to facilitate interoperability ?

I don't think the IESG could do that, because until the document is
past the WG progress and the IETF Last Call, we can't state that
there's a consensus on it.

Chandra wrote:

> So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
> tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
> some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
> a new 'item' that needs BGP.

One of the suggestions that was being discussed in rtg-dir and ops-dir
is to have the proponents of the protocol extension explain why it
belongs in a particular routing protocol, and require consensus that
putting it there is the right approach.

> A new protocol would raise the same set of concerns. If there
> is a reasonably clear requirement for a new protocol for a given 
> set of applications, I think it may be a good idea to just define 
> what those are and why there is a feeling that they do not belong
> in BGP.

Two points here:

1. If there is a feeling that a given set of applications needs
   a separate protocol, we should do so.

2. Note how your logic wrt "belong in BGP" is completely reversed
   compared to the suggestion I mentioned above. I.e., you suggest
   to explain why something does NOT belong in BGP, while the
   suggestion is to have people explain why it should go there in
   the first place. I personally believe (and it seems to be the
   consensus in the rtg-dir and ops-dir) that the latter makes much
   more sense.

> Would that be easier than to debate about a future proof 
> 'new' protocol for 'all the other stuff'?

It does not seem to me that one excludes the other.

One of the attractive properties of the MP-BGP framework is that you
can quickly distribute new types of information among the routers
without having to specify and implement new protocol machinery. A
generalized transport protocol would provide the same possibility.

Alex


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 03:31:54 2003
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Pedro wrote:
> Personally, i believe that this issue is being completly blown out of
> proportion.

It's ok to think so. The thing is however--sufficient number of people
indicated their concerns, and this has been happening for years. Both
sides need to talk and find common ground.

> I've not seen any evidence to suggest that adding VPN
> services, as we are discussing, has higher impact in routing software
> stability than to add any other type of functionality.
> I'd like to see people that believe otherwise put forward data that
> corroborates that view.

As far as routing SW stability is concerned, I think the concern is
not that this very VPN service will blow BGP up, but about the
increasing number of extensions we see in routing protocols, and while
we can't stop routing code from changing at all (I don't think anyone
disagrees that there are legitimate reasons to extend RPs), we should
seriously look at what is coming in, whether this belongs in routing,
and what we should do about this long term.

Robert wrote:
...
> If I have BGP free core, and I don't type by accident "router bgp ..." I
> don't really see a good reason to buy routers which do not support BGP
> just so I don't have it in the core. If I have IPv4 ASBRs and i am not
> keen on running on them 2547 just don't configure vpnv4 AF there. I am
> yet to see a one single case where new opaque to existing functionality
> code presence if not configured or enabled by user caused any trouble to
> anyone.
  
I have to say it's not that simple.

There are reasons (beyond required flash mem and DRAM size) for
existence of feature sets in SW of at least one major vendor. There
were also reasons why one major vendor had to maintain two code
trains--one with 2547, and another where SPs asked to please "don't
even think about touching BGP!"

Eric wrote:

Kurt>> What on  earth makes us think  that adding data to  be distributed and
Kurt>> processed  will not  have impact?   Or  make it  worse? Could  someone
Kurt>> enlighten me?
> 
> Let's look at two cases: 
> 
> 1. The new  data is going to be  distributed to the same set  of nodes which
>    currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet routing
>    tables.  
> 
>    Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new data, then
>    however one distributes  it, those nodes are going to  have to handle it.
>    Either they  have enough capacity for  it or they don't.   Using a second
>    protocol does not reduce the distribution or the capacity load. 
>
> 2. The  new data is distributed  to a different  set of nodes than  the ones
>    which currently speak  BGP for the purpose of  maintaining their Internet
>    routing tables. 
> 
>    In this case, the use of BGP by  the nodes which need the new data has no
>    impact  on the nodes  which use  BGP to  maintain their  Internet routing
>    tables. 
> 
> So in neither case do I see what this terrifying impact is. 

Eric, I think the concern is (the SP folks will correct me if I'm
wrong) that in both cases we have increased protocol and code
complexity which doesn't help their stability regardless of whether a
given SP uses the new features or not, and in case 1 there might be
potential interference between the distributed systems because of
resource contention at several levels: transport connections, queues,
mem bufs, etc.

Kurt wrote:
> The first thing that
> amazes me is that developers of various features _even want_ them to 
> use BGP

I'd say there's difference in opinions in those circles too.
However, as you correctly pointed out before--there's currently
no alternative now, so the choice is kind of obvious.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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Pedro wrote:
> Personally, i believe that this issue is being completly blown out of
> proportion.

It's ok to think so. The thing is however--sufficient number of people
indicated their concerns, and this has been happening for years. Both
sides need to talk and find common ground.

> I've not seen any evidence to suggest that adding VPN
> services, as we are discussing, has higher impact in routing software
> stability than to add any other type of functionality.
> I'd like to see people that believe otherwise put forward data that
> corroborates that view.

As far as routing SW stability is concerned, I think the concern is
not that this very VPN service will blow BGP up, but about the
increasing number of extensions we see in routing protocols, and while
we can't stop routing code from changing at all (I don't think anyone
disagrees that there are legitimate reasons to extend RPs), we should
seriously look at what is coming in, whether this belongs in routing,
and what we should do about this long term.

Robert wrote:
...
> If I have BGP free core, and I don't type by accident "router bgp ..." I
> don't really see a good reason to buy routers which do not support BGP
> just so I don't have it in the core. If I have IPv4 ASBRs and i am not
> keen on running on them 2547 just don't configure vpnv4 AF there. I am
> yet to see a one single case where new opaque to existing functionality
> code presence if not configured or enabled by user caused any trouble to
> anyone.
  
I have to say it's not that simple.

There are reasons (beyond required flash mem and DRAM size) for
existence of feature sets in SW of at least one major vendor. There
were also reasons why one major vendor had to maintain two code
trains--one with 2547, and another where SPs asked to please "don't
even think about touching BGP!"

Eric wrote:

Kurt>> What on  earth makes us think  that adding data to  be distributed and
Kurt>> processed  will not  have impact?   Or  make it  worse? Could  someone
Kurt>> enlighten me?
> 
> Let's look at two cases: 
> 
> 1. The new  data is going to be  distributed to the same set  of nodes which
>    currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet routing
>    tables.  
> 
>    Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new data, then
>    however one distributes  it, those nodes are going to  have to handle it.
>    Either they  have enough capacity for  it or they don't.   Using a second
>    protocol does not reduce the distribution or the capacity load. 
>
> 2. The  new data is distributed  to a different  set of nodes than  the ones
>    which currently speak  BGP for the purpose of  maintaining their Internet
>    routing tables. 
> 
>    In this case, the use of BGP by  the nodes which need the new data has no
>    impact  on the nodes  which use  BGP to  maintain their  Internet routing
>    tables. 
> 
> So in neither case do I see what this terrifying impact is. 

Eric, I think the concern is (the SP folks will correct me if I'm
wrong) that in both cases we have increased protocol and code
complexity which doesn't help their stability regardless of whether a
given SP uses the new features or not, and in case 1 there might be
potential interference between the distributed systems because of
resource contention at several levels: transport connections, queues,
mem bufs, etc.

Kurt wrote:
> The first thing that
> amazes me is that developers of various features _even want_ them to 
> use BGP

I'd say there's difference in opinions in those circles too.
However, as you correctly pointed out before--there's currently
no alternative now, so the choice is kind of obvious.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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OK, in this thread, I'm going to drop proxy statements a la "I am
being told...", and bring the main points of the operational feedback
I've seen on the list.

Regarding the role of the operational feedback in this discussion...
Each problem we address here will have several dimensions. Examples
are scalability, stability, backwards compatibility, security.
Operational considerations represent another dimension. We have to
recognize and clearly realize that. Just like SEC people give us clue
on what does and does not make sense security-wise, OPS people give us
their view of the world, and we ought to take it into consideration.
At the end, they are the consumers of whatever we produce here.

In order of appearance, grouped by the author, compacted:

Randy said:
> ...it is scarily not appropriate to characterize bgp as
>> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is
>> perfect and can scale

Tulip Rasputin wrote:

> BGP is critical for the Internet...and we must proceed with caution.
> By adding more and more features we will only be bloating the code
> size and the probability of introducing more and more bugs... the
> fact remains that by doing this we make BGP more and more vulnerable
> than what it already is.

Kurt said:
> The SPs that went to
> the mike said they didn't see the benefit of overloading BGP with all 
> this. Or any other routing protocol.

>  From the SP POV this is about operational stability. Not about software
> engineering.

> What are the facts that we need to put everything into BGP? And where
> do we stop?

> I think one of the problems with BGP is that it has lured into this "as
> there is nothing better, let's put it all in there". To be honest I 
> think that the reason that you are seeing customers being perfectly 
> happy to put various features into BGP is not that they don't see a 
> problem with it. They don't think there is an alternative.

> I would say that the problem we are having now is the opposite. In
> order to solve a software problem, people are trying to add things to a 
> protocol.

Geoff said:

> Keeping the network vaguely stable at it's current size
> is taking increasingly large amounts of manual effort, and no, this
> cannot scale indefinitely.
> 
> There _are_ problems in BGP deployments, and overloading the running
> instance of the protocol to carry more information related to various overlay
> signalling applications does not in itself assist in improving the situation.
> For me its a counter-intuitive action that increases the level of operational
> reliance on a single element of the network.

Dorian said:

> I wonder how many other operators started out with
> a strong stance against overloading of BGP, and after years ...just gave up
> I certainly have. As an operator stability and optimal performance of
> BGP implementations are of upmost concern for me, and there was a time
> that many others appeared to feel the same. Afterall, MSDP didn't end
> up in BGP and became a separate protocol because of that concern.

> However, since then I've seen vendors continually ignore our concern
> and input and overload other features into BGP. 

> So, is it really that operators all want to pile everything on BGP, or
> is it that they don't see any alternatives?

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


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OK, in this thread, I'm going to drop proxy statements a la "I am
being told...", and bring the main points of the operational feedback
I've seen on the list.

Regarding the role of the operational feedback in this discussion...
Each problem we address here will have several dimensions. Examples
are scalability, stability, backwards compatibility, security.
Operational considerations represent another dimension. We have to
recognize and clearly realize that. Just like SEC people give us clue
on what does and does not make sense security-wise, OPS people give us
their view of the world, and we ought to take it into consideration.
At the end, they are the consumers of whatever we produce here.

In order of appearance, grouped by the author, compacted:

Randy said:
> ...it is scarily not appropriate to characterize bgp as
>> the architecture of a given city is good, communication is
>> perfect and can scale

Tulip Rasputin wrote:

> BGP is critical for the Internet...and we must proceed with caution.
> By adding more and more features we will only be bloating the code
> size and the probability of introducing more and more bugs... the
> fact remains that by doing this we make BGP more and more vulnerable
> than what it already is.

Kurt said:
> The SPs that went to
> the mike said they didn't see the benefit of overloading BGP with all 
> this. Or any other routing protocol.

>  From the SP POV this is about operational stability. Not about software
> engineering.

> What are the facts that we need to put everything into BGP? And where
> do we stop?

> I think one of the problems with BGP is that it has lured into this "as
> there is nothing better, let's put it all in there". To be honest I 
> think that the reason that you are seeing customers being perfectly 
> happy to put various features into BGP is not that they don't see a 
> problem with it. They don't think there is an alternative.

> I would say that the problem we are having now is the opposite. In
> order to solve a software problem, people are trying to add things to a 
> protocol.

Geoff said:

> Keeping the network vaguely stable at it's current size
> is taking increasingly large amounts of manual effort, and no, this
> cannot scale indefinitely.
> 
> There _are_ problems in BGP deployments, and overloading the running
> instance of the protocol to carry more information related to various overlay
> signalling applications does not in itself assist in improving the situation.
> For me its a counter-intuitive action that increases the level of operational
> reliance on a single element of the network.

Dorian said:

> I wonder how many other operators started out with
> a strong stance against overloading of BGP, and after years ...just gave up
> I certainly have. As an operator stability and optimal performance of
> BGP implementations are of upmost concern for me, and there was a time
> that many others appeared to feel the same. Afterall, MSDP didn't end
> up in BGP and became a separate protocol because of that concern.

> However, since then I've seen vendors continually ignore our concern
> and input and overload other features into BGP. 

> So, is it really that operators all want to pile everything on BGP, or
> is it that they don't see any alternatives?

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 09:33:10 +0200
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>
> Kurt> We all know that BGP doesn't scale
>
> Yes,  that  must be  what  prevented the  Internet  from  ever getting 
>  very
> large. ;-)

BGP convergence is slow, due to a number of reasons, the size of the 
routing table being one of them. Attributes is another.  Have you ever 
tried to deploy a VoIP network over several AS boundaries? A VoIP 
network that carries live, real paid for, regulated voice traffic? 
These are real operational problem faced by operators today.

> Kurt> What on  earth makes us think  that adding data to  be 
> distributed and
> Kurt> processed  will not  have impact?   Or  make it  worse? Could  
> someone
> Kurt> enlighten me?
>
> Let's look at two cases:
>
> 1. The new  data is going to be  distributed to the same set  of nodes 
> which
>    currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet 
> routing
>    tables.
>
>    Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new 
> data, then
>    however one distributes  it, those nodes are going to  have to 
> handle it.
>    Either they  have enough capacity for  it or they don't.   Using a 
> second
>    protocol does not reduce the distribution or the capacity load.

No. But it will have impact on the other services carried in that 
protocol. What you are saying is that bGP is merely a data distribution 
protocol and that the receiving node will have to hand the data off to 
each process for handling and processing. If this really is what you 
want, why not make it even more generic than what BGP is today? I most 
certainly disagrees with the first approach.

>
> 2. The  new data is distributed  to a different  set of nodes than  
> the ones
>    which currently speak  BGP for the purpose of  maintaining their 
> Internet
>    routing tables.
>
>    In this case, the use of BGP by  the nodes which need the new data 
> has no
>    impact  on the nodes  which use  BGP to  maintain their  Internet 
> routing
>    tables.

I am not arguing that we should not distribute this information. I am 
arguing that we should not mix it all up in one protocol.

> Now for a particular kind of data, you may want to argue that BGP is 
> not the
> appropriate mechanism  for distributing  that kind of  data.  But  to 
> decide
> that you need to look at the details of the particular proposal.

So what are the limits in your opinion on what should not go into BGP?

>
> Kurt> The first thing that amazes  me is that developers of various 
> features
> Kurt> _even want_ them  to use BGP, the second thing that  amazes me 
> is that
> Kurt> we haven't started to see a pattern.
>
> I guess not everyone agrees with you that
>

If we all agreed we would not have this debate :-)

- - kurtis -

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>
> Kurt> We all know that BGP doesn't scale
>
> Yes,  that  must be  what  prevented the  Internet  from  ever getting 
>  very
> large. ;-)

BGP convergence is slow, due to a number of reasons, the size of the 
routing table being one of them. Attributes is another.  Have you ever 
tried to deploy a VoIP network over several AS boundaries? A VoIP 
network that carries live, real paid for, regulated voice traffic? 
These are real operational problem faced by operators today.

> Kurt> What on  earth makes us think  that adding data to  be 
> distributed and
> Kurt> processed  will not  have impact?   Or  make it  worse? Could  
> someone
> Kurt> enlighten me?
>
> Let's look at two cases:
>
> 1. The new  data is going to be  distributed to the same set  of nodes 
> which
>    currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet 
> routing
>    tables.
>
>    Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new 
> data, then
>    however one distributes  it, those nodes are going to  have to 
> handle it.
>    Either they  have enough capacity for  it or they don't.   Using a 
> second
>    protocol does not reduce the distribution or the capacity load.

No. But it will have impact on the other services carried in that 
protocol. What you are saying is that bGP is merely a data distribution 
protocol and that the receiving node will have to hand the data off to 
each process for handling and processing. If this really is what you 
want, why not make it even more generic than what BGP is today? I most 
certainly disagrees with the first approach.

>
> 2. The  new data is distributed  to a different  set of nodes than  
> the ones
>    which currently speak  BGP for the purpose of  maintaining their 
> Internet
>    routing tables.
>
>    In this case, the use of BGP by  the nodes which need the new data 
> has no
>    impact  on the nodes  which use  BGP to  maintain their  Internet 
> routing
>    tables.

I am not arguing that we should not distribute this information. I am 
arguing that we should not mix it all up in one protocol.

> Now for a particular kind of data, you may want to argue that BGP is 
> not the
> appropriate mechanism  for distributing  that kind of  data.  But  to 
> decide
> that you need to look at the details of the particular proposal.

So what are the limits in your opinion on what should not go into BGP?

>
> Kurt> The first thing that amazes  me is that developers of various 
> features
> Kurt> _even want_ them  to use BGP, the second thing that  amazes me 
> is that
> Kurt> we haven't started to see a pattern.
>
> I guess not everyone agrees with you that
>

If we all agreed we would not have this debate :-)

- - kurtis -

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> Geoff> There _are_ problems in  BGP deployments, and overloading the 
> running
> Geoff> instance of the protocol to carry more information related to 
> various
> Geoff> overlay  signalling  applications  does   not  in  itself  
> assist  in
> Geoff> improving the  situation. For me its a  counter-intuitive 
> action that
> Geoff> increases the  level of operational  reliance on a single  
> element of
> Geoff> the network.
>
> This  is all  true,  but it  seems like  a  deployment issue  rather 
> than  a
> protocol issue.

The deployment problems are symptoms of the protocol problems.

- - kurtis -

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> Geoff> There _are_ problems in  BGP deployments, and overloading the 
> running
> Geoff> instance of the protocol to carry more information related to 
> various
> Geoff> overlay  signalling  applications  does   not  in  itself  
> assist  in
> Geoff> improving the  situation. For me its a  counter-intuitive 
> action that
> Geoff> increases the  level of operational  reliance on a single  
> element of
> Geoff> the network.
>
> This  is all  true,  but it  seems like  a  deployment issue  rather 
> than  a
> protocol issue.

The deployment problems are symptoms of the protocol problems.

- - kurtis -

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John,

Tuesday, July 29, 2003, 6:19:25 PM, John G. Scudder wrote:
[...]
>>>  The way I see it, the major concern is overloading of BGP, which is
>>  > part of Internet-critical infrastructure, with non-routing
>>  > functionality.

> I would be interested to know if you can elaborate on this without 
> resort to the ambiguous term "non-routing".

Sure.
The discussion started with two VPN-related drafts (they had different
names then):

  draft-ietf-l3vpn-bgpvpn-auto-00.txt and
  draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt

At the IETF meeting in Vienna, we had some more BGP-based proposals,
that are not related to distribution of {prefix, next-hop,...} tuples.

If wanted to formalize when I see concerns being raised, I would
probably use the results of the discussion we had on the RTG
directorate:

   There are types of information that are fair to distribute in
   routing protocols:

      a) information required to calculate the routing tables

      b) route tagging, administrative, and policy-related information

      c) routing security-related information

      d) information closely related to routing, especially when
         synchronization with routing information is needed

   Others would be considered non-routing.

Alex


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Alex,

Last attempt to switch this tread to the right tracks ...

> If wanted to formalize when I see concerns being raised, I would
> probably use the results of the discussion we had on the RTG
> directorate:
> 
>    There are types of information that are fair to distribute in
>    routing protocols:
> 
>       a) information required to calculate the routing tables
> 
>       b) route tagging, administrative, and policy-related information
> 
>       c) routing security-related information
> 
>       d) information closely related to routing, especially when
>          synchronization with routing information is needed
> 
>    Others would be considered non-routing.

IMHO the best thing that can be done today by RTG directorate/ADs/IETF
is to mandate the clear separation of so called "non-routing"
information being distributed into their own AFI/SAFIs. That for one
will long term provide easy migration into a new transport (when such is
available & deployed) as well kind of "force" better software
engineering and code architecture.

It could be said that it is recommended by each implementation to have
such a new AFI/SAFIs separated into their own RIBs, their own
maintenance & operation routines given AFI/SAFI specific and be
demultiplexed by general BGP inbound process based on the AFI/SAFI
values very early. 

Looking realistically otherwise what we will see soon would an explosion
of extended/flexible communities or new attribiutes use under current
AFI/SAFIs which may in fact have very negative impact on current
Internet stability.

Cheers,
R.

PS. 
> > If I have BGP free core, and I don't type by accident "router bgp ..." I
> > don't really see a good reason to buy routers which do not support BGP
> > just so I don't have it in the core. If I have IPv4 ASBRs and i am not
> > keen on running on them 2547 just don't configure vpnv4 AF there. I am
> > yet to see a one single case where new opaque to existing functionality
> > code presence if not configured or enabled by user caused any trouble to
> > anyone.
>   
> I have to say it's not that simple.
> 
> There are reasons (beyond required flash mem and DRAM size) for
> existence of feature sets in SW of at least one major vendor. There
> were also reasons why one major vendor had to maintain two code
> trains--one with 2547, and another where SPs asked to please "don't
> even think about touching BGP!"

Adding support for MP-BGP required code modifications. And that has
nothing to do with introduction of 2547. For vendors starting later they
just provided MP-BGP support since day one. Unfortunately one major
vendor did not have a crstal ball few years back to see the future and
desing the entire code already fitting 2010 requirements. 

In other words as I think Yakov alreay mentioned in Vienna what is
happening to BGP is just a regular protocol evolution and improvemnt. I
don't see anything wrong with this. In fact I would highly encourage
constructive discussion (piece started above reg AFI/SAFI separation)
what can be done to make the protocol evolution smooth and least painful
for operators. That is what I would call "Engineering" meaning of "E".

What on the other hand I see to be the real goal of this discussion is
to do revolution. While revolution leaders get much more glory and
reputation if revolution suceeds history shows that when revolutions
fail they quickly also become part of the dark sides of the history.
Also the idea of centrally deciding what is good and what is bad should
to at least two of us remind something :).

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Alex,

Last attempt to switch this tread to the right tracks ...

> If wanted to formalize when I see concerns being raised, I would
> probably use the results of the discussion we had on the RTG
> directorate:
> 
>    There are types of information that are fair to distribute in
>    routing protocols:
> 
>       a) information required to calculate the routing tables
> 
>       b) route tagging, administrative, and policy-related information
> 
>       c) routing security-related information
> 
>       d) information closely related to routing, especially when
>          synchronization with routing information is needed
> 
>    Others would be considered non-routing.

IMHO the best thing that can be done today by RTG directorate/ADs/IETF
is to mandate the clear separation of so called "non-routing"
information being distributed into their own AFI/SAFIs. That for one
will long term provide easy migration into a new transport (when such is
available & deployed) as well kind of "force" better software
engineering and code architecture.

It could be said that it is recommended by each implementation to have
such a new AFI/SAFIs separated into their own RIBs, their own
maintenance & operation routines given AFI/SAFI specific and be
demultiplexed by general BGP inbound process based on the AFI/SAFI
values very early. 

Looking realistically otherwise what we will see soon would an explosion
of extended/flexible communities or new attribiutes use under current
AFI/SAFIs which may in fact have very negative impact on current
Internet stability.

Cheers,
R.

PS. 
> > If I have BGP free core, and I don't type by accident "router bgp ..." I
> > don't really see a good reason to buy routers which do not support BGP
> > just so I don't have it in the core. If I have IPv4 ASBRs and i am not
> > keen on running on them 2547 just don't configure vpnv4 AF there. I am
> > yet to see a one single case where new opaque to existing functionality
> > code presence if not configured or enabled by user caused any trouble to
> > anyone.
>   
> I have to say it's not that simple.
> 
> There are reasons (beyond required flash mem and DRAM size) for
> existence of feature sets in SW of at least one major vendor. There
> were also reasons why one major vendor had to maintain two code
> trains--one with 2547, and another where SPs asked to please "don't
> even think about touching BGP!"

Adding support for MP-BGP required code modifications. And that has
nothing to do with introduction of 2547. For vendors starting later they
just provided MP-BGP support since day one. Unfortunately one major
vendor did not have a crstal ball few years back to see the future and
desing the entire code already fitting 2010 requirements. 

In other words as I think Yakov alreay mentioned in Vienna what is
happening to BGP is just a regular protocol evolution and improvemnt. I
don't see anything wrong with this. In fact I would highly encourage
constructive discussion (piece started above reg AFI/SAFI separation)
what can be done to make the protocol evolution smooth and least painful
for operators. That is what I would call "Engineering" meaning of "E".

What on the other hand I see to be the real goal of this discussion is
to do revolution. While revolution leaders get much more glory and
reputation if revolution suceeds history shows that when revolutions
fail they quickly also become part of the dark sides of the history.
Also the idea of centrally deciding what is good and what is bad should
to at least two of us remind something :).

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To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Subject: RP overloading: what is "overloading"
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Alex Zinin writes:

> Sure.  The discussion started with two VPN-related drafts (they had
> different names then):

>   draft-ietf-l3vpn-bgpvpn-auto-00.txt and
> draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt

> At the IETF meeting in Vienna, we had some more BGP-based proposals,
> that are not related to distribution of {prefix, next-hop,...}
> tuples.

draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt is about distribution of {prefix,
next-hop} tuples at least as far as BGP is concerned.

It uses the same path selection rules than ipv4-unicast and the same
next-hop resolution rules. The forwarding engines get to interpret the
information differently although.

In fact, the forwarding engine control code changes to support such
application are much more extensive than routing ones, and that is not
going to change regardless of what control protocol is used.

Well, i guess you can make it worse by requiring a new control
protocol to be developed for this application... and requiring network
ops people to learn a new protocol, which btw is a much higher cost
than control protocol developement.

Doesn't implementing vpls raise the possibility of introducing
regressions in the code ? It certainly does.

That doesn't make "don't implement vpls" a productive discussion and
doesn't mean that implementing it via a different control protocol is
going to be any less harmful to system stability.

  Pedro.

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Alex Zinin writes:

> Sure.  The discussion started with two VPN-related drafts (they had
> different names then):

>   draft-ietf-l3vpn-bgpvpn-auto-00.txt and
> draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt

> At the IETF meeting in Vienna, we had some more BGP-based proposals,
> that are not related to distribution of {prefix, next-hop,...}
> tuples.

draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt is about distribution of {prefix,
next-hop} tuples at least as far as BGP is concerned.

It uses the same path selection rules than ipv4-unicast and the same
next-hop resolution rules. The forwarding engines get to interpret the
information differently although.

In fact, the forwarding engine control code changes to support such
application are much more extensive than routing ones, and that is not
going to change regardless of what control protocol is used.

Well, i guess you can make it worse by requiring a new control
protocol to be developed for this application... and requiring network
ops people to learn a new protocol, which btw is a much higher cost
than control protocol developement.

Doesn't implementing vpls raise the possibility of introducing
regressions in the code ? It certainly does.

That doesn't make "don't implement vpls" a productive discussion and
doesn't mean that implementing it via a different control protocol is
going to be any less harmful to system stability.

  Pedro.

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From: Russ White <ruwhite@cisco.com>
Reply-To: Russ White <riw@cisco.com>
To: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
cc: erosen@cisco.com, Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
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> > Kurt> What on earth makes us think that adding data to be distributed
> > and processed will not have impact?  Or make it worse? Could someone
> > enlighten me?

> > Eric> Let's look at two cases:
> >
> > 1. The new data is going to be distributed to the same set of nodes
> > which currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet
> > routing tables.
> >
> > Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new data,
> > then however one distributes it, those nodes are going to have to
> > handle it. Either they have enough capacity for it or they don't.
> > Using a second protocol does not reduce the distribution or the
> > capacity load.
>
> No. But it will have impact on the other services carried in that
> protocol. What you are saying is that bGP is merely a data distribution
> protocol and that the receiving node will have to hand the data off to
> each process for handling and processing. If this really is what you
> want, why not make it even more generic than what BGP is today? I most
> certainly disagrees with the first approach.

How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new data being
carried and processed from impacting the old data being carried and
processed? It's not. Unless you're going to argue that adding an OSPF
process to a router running BGP doesn't impact BGP processing in any way.

Given infinite bandwidth, memory, and processing, you can have two
protocols running on the same machine that do not impact each other. When
you're willing to buy links with infinite bandwidth, and machines with
infinite processing and memory, let us know. In the mean time, it's a not a
matter of "will this impact that," because it will. It's a matter of best
deciding how to share the resources which actually exist.

We need to examine each case of what to carry inside BGP independantly. The
basic problem is that in each case, the ones who want the new information
to be carried without waiting on a new working group to form up, and a new
protocol to be deployed, will always claim it is critical, while those who
are don't want it, will consider it bloat. Weeds are always just flowers in
the wrong part of the yard, after all.

My general take: It might be nice to have a new protocol to carry stuff
around between routers in. Especially if that stuff doesn't relate to
routing. My questions, though, are:

-- How long will it wait to develop, deploy, and debug, the stuff protocol?

-- Will the providers stop asking for new features that require carrying
non routing information between routers until the stuff protocol is fully
deployed?

I think the answers to these two questions make it apparent that it's
useful to create such a stuff protocol, but we need to think realisitically
about:

-- What do we mean by "non routing stuff?"

-- What are we going to do with "non routing stuff" in the meantime?

-- What do we do when some mission critical app rolls out on the stuff
protocol, and people start calling for us not to change it any more, since
it will introduce stuff instability, and thus we need a "stuff 2" protocol
to break out the "new stuff" from the "old stuff?"

-- Should, if we do a stuff protocol, go back and rip the "nonrouting
stuff" out of BGP, if we can actually determine what that is, and put it in
the stuff protocol?

So, I'm undecided on the issue. I think there are advantages and
disadvantages to both ways of doing things--I hate the mess that HTTP has
become, but I also don't want to see us with stuff 2, and stuff 3, and
stuff 4--and any argument leveled against putting x in BGP can also,
probably, be used as an argument against putting something new in the stuff
protocol, once it's developed and deployed.

Further, I also see Eric's point that all processes on a device interact,
no matter whether we like it or not, and deploying a new protocol is
probably just about as risky as touching old, well known code (which is
going to be touched to fix things, and add things, anyway).

Maybe it's worth splitting off a bof for some time just to talk about this,
and come back with some sort of an answer on these sorts of questions? So
we'd have some concept of the practicality of designing and depoying a
"stuff protocol," and some concept of the risks involved?

:-)

Russ


__________________________________
riw@cisco.com CCIE <>< Grace Alone


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From: Russ White <ruwhite@cisco.com>
Reply-To: Russ White <riw@cisco.com>
To: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
cc: erosen@cisco.com, Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 08:34:51 -0400 (EDT)


> > Kurt> What on earth makes us think that adding data to be distributed
> > and processed will not have impact?  Or make it worse? Could someone
> > enlighten me?

> > Eric> Let's look at two cases:
> >
> > 1. The new data is going to be distributed to the same set of nodes
> > which currently speak BGP for the purpose of maintaining their Internet
> > routing tables.
> >
> > Assuming that there is some necessity of distributing that new data,
> > then however one distributes it, those nodes are going to have to
> > handle it. Either they have enough capacity for it or they don't.
> > Using a second protocol does not reduce the distribution or the
> > capacity load.
>
> No. But it will have impact on the other services carried in that
> protocol. What you are saying is that bGP is merely a data distribution
> protocol and that the receiving node will have to hand the data off to
> each process for handling and processing. If this really is what you
> want, why not make it even more generic than what BGP is today? I most
> certainly disagrees with the first approach.

How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new data being
carried and processed from impacting the old data being carried and
processed? It's not. Unless you're going to argue that adding an OSPF
process to a router running BGP doesn't impact BGP processing in any way.

Given infinite bandwidth, memory, and processing, you can have two
protocols running on the same machine that do not impact each other. When
you're willing to buy links with infinite bandwidth, and machines with
infinite processing and memory, let us know. In the mean time, it's a not a
matter of "will this impact that," because it will. It's a matter of best
deciding how to share the resources which actually exist.

We need to examine each case of what to carry inside BGP independantly. The
basic problem is that in each case, the ones who want the new information
to be carried without waiting on a new working group to form up, and a new
protocol to be deployed, will always claim it is critical, while those who
are don't want it, will consider it bloat. Weeds are always just flowers in
the wrong part of the yard, after all.

My general take: It might be nice to have a new protocol to carry stuff
around between routers in. Especially if that stuff doesn't relate to
routing. My questions, though, are:

-- How long will it wait to develop, deploy, and debug, the stuff protocol?

-- Will the providers stop asking for new features that require carrying
non routing information between routers until the stuff protocol is fully
deployed?

I think the answers to these two questions make it apparent that it's
useful to create such a stuff protocol, but we need to think realisitically
about:

-- What do we mean by "non routing stuff?"

-- What are we going to do with "non routing stuff" in the meantime?

-- What do we do when some mission critical app rolls out on the stuff
protocol, and people start calling for us not to change it any more, since
it will introduce stuff instability, and thus we need a "stuff 2" protocol
to break out the "new stuff" from the "old stuff?"

-- Should, if we do a stuff protocol, go back and rip the "nonrouting
stuff" out of BGP, if we can actually determine what that is, and put it in
the stuff protocol?

So, I'm undecided on the issue. I think there are advantages and
disadvantages to both ways of doing things--I hate the mess that HTTP has
become, but I also don't want to see us with stuff 2, and stuff 3, and
stuff 4--and any argument leveled against putting x in BGP can also,
probably, be used as an argument against putting something new in the stuff
protocol, once it's developed and deployed.

Further, I also see Eric's point that all processes on a device interact,
no matter whether we like it or not, and deploying a new protocol is
probably just about as risky as touching old, well known code (which is
going to be touched to fix things, and add things, anyway).

Maybe it's worth splitting off a bof for some time just to talk about this,
and come back with some sort of an answer on these sorts of questions? So
we'd have some concept of the practicality of designing and depoying a
"stuff protocol," and some concept of the risks involved?

:-)

Russ


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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 08:42:59 -0400 (EDT)


> How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new data being
> carried and processed from impacting the old data being carried and
> processed? It's not. Unless you're going to argue that adding an OSPF
> process to a router running BGP doesn't impact BGP processing in any way.
>
> Given infinite bandwidth, memory, and processing, you can have two
> protocols running on the same machine that do not impact each other. When
> you're willing to buy links with infinite bandwidth, and machines with
> infinite processing and memory, let us know. In the mean time, it's a not
> a matter of "will this impact that," because it will. It's a matter of
> best deciding how to share the resources which actually exist.

BTW--this isn't meant to be mean, just a realistic assessment of the 'way
things are.'

> I think the answers to these two questions make it apparent that it's
> useful to create such a stuff protocol, but we need to think
> realisitically about:

It _might_ be useful.

:-)

Russ

__________________________________
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 08:42:59 -0400 (EDT)


> How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new data being
> carried and processed from impacting the old data being carried and
> processed? It's not. Unless you're going to argue that adding an OSPF
> process to a router running BGP doesn't impact BGP processing in any way.
>
> Given infinite bandwidth, memory, and processing, you can have two
> protocols running on the same machine that do not impact each other. When
> you're willing to buy links with infinite bandwidth, and machines with
> infinite processing and memory, let us know. In the mean time, it's a not
> a matter of "will this impact that," because it will. It's a matter of
> best deciding how to share the resources which actually exist.

BTW--this isn't meant to be mean, just a realistic assessment of the 'way
things are.'

> I think the answers to these two questions make it apparent that it's
> useful to create such a stuff protocol, but we need to think
> realisitically about:

It _might_ be useful.

:-)

Russ

__________________________________
riw@cisco.com CCIE <>< Grace Alone


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 09:57:53 2003
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 09:55:26 -0400

  
> How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new 
> data being carried and processed from impacting the old data 
> being carried and processed?   

Russ -
	I haven't heard concern about the amount of raw
data a box is carrying.  I have heard concerns about 
Implementation Complexity and Protocol Convergence.  

	I agree that producing a new protocol with the
maturity and utility of BGP or IS-IS is difficult.  
But at some point we hit the salami principle: it 
isn't adding this slice or that slice that gets you,
but soon you have a sandwich that only Dagwood
Bumstead can handle.*  At some point, it is time
to start a new sandwich.  

- jeff parker

* Kurt - Appologies for this grossly US reference.  

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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 09:55:26 -0400

  
> How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new 
> data being carried and processed from impacting the old data 
> being carried and processed?   

Russ -
	I haven't heard concern about the amount of raw
data a box is carrying.  I have heard concerns about 
Implementation Complexity and Protocol Convergence.  

	I agree that producing a new protocol with the
maturity and utility of BGP or IS-IS is difficult.  
But at some point we hit the salami principle: it 
isn't adding this slice or that slice that gets you,
but soon you have a sandwich that only Dagwood
Bumstead can handle.*  At some point, it is time
to start a new sandwich.  

- jeff parker

* Kurt - Appologies for this grossly US reference.  

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From: Russ White <ruwhite@cisco.com>
Reply-To: Russ White <riw@cisco.com>
To: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, erosen@cisco.com,
        Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
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>
> > How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new
> > data being carried and processed from impacting the old data
> > being carried and processed?
>
> Russ -
> 	I haven't heard concern about the amount of raw
> data a box is carrying.  I have heard concerns about
> Implementation Complexity and Protocol Convergence.

Well.. I'm hearing (on this thread) that the reason BGP converges so slowly
is the amount of data it is carrying, and then on the other side, that this
isn't the problem it's a deployment issue, but then back that the
deployment issues are caused by the protocol, etc.... In fact, the only
thing that seperating a specific set of data out is going to give you is
the ability to prioritize what you converge first.

If we are going to develop a new protocol, should we develop it over
something other than TCP, just so we don't overload the TCP stack on the
box, and impact BGP's performance? Or perhaps we should go down to the IP
layer, and say that too much is being carried there? It's hard to say when
you should stop, and say that it's okay to multiplex here, and not there.

It's easy to do what http has done, and pile everything on one channel.
It's also easy to do what ospf has done, and make a seperate channel for
everything (unecessarily, in my opinion).

> 	I agree that producing a new protocol with the maturity and utility
> of BGP or IS-IS is difficult.  But at some point we hit the salami
> principle: it isn't adding this slice or that slice that gets you, but
> soon you have a sandwich that only Dagwood Bumstead can handle.* At some
> point, it is time to start a new sandwich.

But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way, then is it better
to get a "bigger mouth," or a "smaller sandwich?" And if you have to eat
1000 smaller sandwiches, are you going to be any less full? Maybe we're
just facing a case of having too much information to cart around, rather
than a case of "time to build a second sandwich." I don't know.... (?).

:-)

Russ

__________________________________
riw@cisco.com CCIE <>< Grace Alone


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To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: RP overloading: impact on routing SW 
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:35:43 -0400


Alex> Eric, I  think the  concern is (the  SP folks  will correct me  if I'm
Alex> wrong)  that  in  both  cases  we have  increased  protocol  and  code
Alex> complexity which doesn't help  their stability regardless of whether a
Alex> given SP uses the new features or not, 

This concern  has been expressed,  but it is  not the concern that  Kurt was
articulating in the message to which I was replying. 

It's indisputable  that adding new features  to a piece  of software reduces
the  stability of that  piece of  software.  Certainly  this is  an argument
against  extending BGP,  and  it's  an argument  that  carries some  weight.
However,  it just doesn't  settle the  issue, because  there are  many other
things to consider: 

- If  an alternative  protocol shares code  with BGP, using  the alternative
  will not provide the hoped-for stability advantage. 

- Lack  of an evident alternative  which is sufficiently  different to avoid
  this sort of code-sharing. 

- Time-to-market for  the new features which are being  demanded by the many
  of the same customers who then complain about the lack of stability. 

To the extent that this is  just a software engineering issue, the IETF will
not be able to have any impact on it.  

Alex> in case 1 [the new data is  going to be distributed to the same set of
Alex> nodes which currently  speak BGP for the purpose  of maintaining their
Alex> Internet routing tables] there might be potential interference between
Alex> the  distributed systems  because  of resource  contention at  several
Alex> levels: transport connections, queues, mem bufs, etc. 

The question is whether using  a different protocol for distributing the new
data will  avoid this  potential interference.  If  not, this is  "simply" a
deployment issue not a protocol or architecture issue. 



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From: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
To: "'Russ White'" <riw@cisco.com>, Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
Cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, erosen@cisco.com,
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:37:19 -0400

  
> But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way, 
> then is it better to get a "bigger mouth," or a 
> "smaller sandwich?" 

Russ -
	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw 
amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol 
and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
same wieght.)

> If we are going to develop a new protocol, should we 
> develop it over something other than TCP,	

	The issue isn't reuse, it is augmenting the protocol.
TCP is a general purpose transport, and both BGP and
HTTP use it.  When someone suggests augmenting TCP to
add, say, transactions, doesn't the IETF suggest that
they get a new protocol?  So I don't find your
analogy convincing, unless you want to argue that
BGP is just a general purpose distribution mechanism.  

	The idea of splitting different functions into 
different tasks on the same processor is that new or 
allarming.  This avoids fate-sharing, release-sharing,
and allows users to monitor status and manage risk.
It allows the SP to deploy versions of each protocol
that he is comfortable with.    

- jeff parker

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Subject: Re: RP overloading: operational feedback 
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:43:40 -0400


Of  course, a  survey of  the PPVPN  archives will  show many  messages from
operators supporting the extension of BGP.  In fact, there are messages from
operators supporting the use of  BGP for totally inappropriate purposes that
(IMHO) should be rejected by the IETF. 

Fortunately this  is the IETF  not the ITU-T,  and we make our  decisions by
dint of technical deliberations rather than by having a popularity contest. 


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To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Subject: Re: RP overloading: operational feedback 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 31 Jul 2003 00:29:53 -0700.
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:43:40 -0400


Of  course, a  survey of  the PPVPN  archives will  show many  messages from
operators supporting the extension of BGP.  In fact, there are messages from
operators supporting the use of  BGP for totally inappropriate purposes that
(IMHO) should be rejected by the IETF. 

Fortunately this  is the IETF  not the ITU-T,  and we make our  decisions by
dint of technical deliberations rather than by having a popularity contest. 


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To: Pedro Roque Marques <roque@juniper.net>
cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: RP overloading: what is "overloading" 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 31 Jul 2003 03:17:05 -0700.
             <200307311017.h6VAH5F73550@roque-bsd.juniper.net> 
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:56:00 -0400


Pedro> draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt  is about  distribution  of {prefix,
Pedro> next-hop} tuples at least as far as BGP is concerned. 

No it  isn't. The data  which is  proposed there to  be carried in  the NLRI
field is nothing at all like an address prefix. 

L2VPN discovery and L2VPN signaling  (including VPLS) are pretty clear cases
where the  data proposed to be carried  by BGP is "non-routing".   It may or
may not be  appropriate to carry such data in BGP  (personally I think "yes"
in the discovery case  and "no" in the signaling case), but  I don't think a
defense of draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp can be  mounted on the basis that it is
just using BGP to distribute routing info. 


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From: Russ White <ruwhite@cisco.com>
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cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, erosen@cisco.com,
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>
> > How is carrying it in another protocol going to keep the new
> > data being carried and processed from impacting the old data
> > being carried and processed?
>
> Russ -
> 	I haven't heard concern about the amount of raw
> data a box is carrying.  I have heard concerns about
> Implementation Complexity and Protocol Convergence.

Well.. I'm hearing (on this thread) that the reason BGP converges so slowly
is the amount of data it is carrying, and then on the other side, that this
isn't the problem it's a deployment issue, but then back that the
deployment issues are caused by the protocol, etc.... In fact, the only
thing that seperating a specific set of data out is going to give you is
the ability to prioritize what you converge first.

If we are going to develop a new protocol, should we develop it over
something other than TCP, just so we don't overload the TCP stack on the
box, and impact BGP's performance? Or perhaps we should go down to the IP
layer, and say that too much is being carried there? It's hard to say when
you should stop, and say that it's okay to multiplex here, and not there.

It's easy to do what http has done, and pile everything on one channel.
It's also easy to do what ospf has done, and make a seperate channel for
everything (unecessarily, in my opinion).

> 	I agree that producing a new protocol with the maturity and utility
> of BGP or IS-IS is difficult.  But at some point we hit the salami
> principle: it isn't adding this slice or that slice that gets you, but
> soon you have a sandwich that only Dagwood Bumstead can handle.* At some
> point, it is time to start a new sandwich.

But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way, then is it better
to get a "bigger mouth," or a "smaller sandwich?" And if you have to eat
1000 smaller sandwiches, are you going to be any less full? Maybe we're
just facing a case of having too much information to cart around, rather
than a case of "time to build a second sandwich." I don't know.... (?).

:-)

Russ

__________________________________
riw@cisco.com CCIE <>< Grace Alone


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Jeff> TCP is a general purpose transport, and both BGP and
Jeff> HTTP use it.  When someone suggests augmenting TCP to
Jeff> add, say, transactions, doesn't the IETF suggest that
Jeff> they get a new protocol?

But  this  is  an issue  of  whether  TCP  provides functionality  which  is
appropriate for transactions.  I don't think anyone would say "you can't use
TCP because we already have too much TCP going on". 

Jeff> unless  you  want  to  argue  that  BGP  is  just  a  general  purpose
Jeff> distribution mechanism. 

It is possible  to think of BGP as a  general purpose distribution mechanism
with applications layered  on top of it, where the  "address family" is used
to multiplex the  applications.  The multi-protocol extensions to  BGP are a
pretty clear attempt to move in this direction. 

Jeff> The idea of splitting different  functions into different tasks on the
Jeff> same processor is that new or alarming. 

No question.   The issue is whether  using a different protocol  is either a
necessary or  a sufficient condition of "splitting  different functions into
different tasks". 


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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 11:03:12 -0400


Jeff> TCP is a general purpose transport, and both BGP and
Jeff> HTTP use it.  When someone suggests augmenting TCP to
Jeff> add, say, transactions, doesn't the IETF suggest that
Jeff> they get a new protocol?

But  this  is  an issue  of  whether  TCP  provides functionality  which  is
appropriate for transactions.  I don't think anyone would say "you can't use
TCP because we already have too much TCP going on". 

Jeff> unless  you  want  to  argue  that  BGP  is  just  a  general  purpose
Jeff> distribution mechanism. 

It is possible  to think of BGP as a  general purpose distribution mechanism
with applications layered  on top of it, where the  "address family" is used
to multiplex the  applications.  The multi-protocol extensions to  BGP are a
pretty clear attempt to move in this direction. 

Jeff> The idea of splitting different  functions into different tasks on the
Jeff> same processor is that new or alarming. 

No question.   The issue is whether  using a different protocol  is either a
necessary or  a sufficient condition of "splitting  different functions into
different tasks". 


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From: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
To: "'Russ White'" <riw@cisco.com>, Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
Cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, erosen@cisco.com,
        Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:37:19 -0400

  
> But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way, 
> then is it better to get a "bigger mouth," or a 
> "smaller sandwich?" 

Russ -
	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw 
amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol 
and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
same wieght.)

> If we are going to develop a new protocol, should we 
> develop it over something other than TCP,	

	The issue isn't reuse, it is augmenting the protocol.
TCP is a general purpose transport, and both BGP and
HTTP use it.  When someone suggests augmenting TCP to
add, say, transactions, doesn't the IETF suggest that
they get a new protocol?  So I don't find your
analogy convincing, unless you want to argue that
BGP is just a general purpose distribution mechanism.  

	The idea of splitting different functions into 
different tasks on the same processor is that new or 
allarming.  This avoids fate-sharing, release-sharing,
and allows users to monitor status and manage risk.
It allows the SP to deploy versions of each protocol
that he is comfortable with.    

- jeff parker

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To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Subject: Re: RP overloading: impact on routing SW 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 31 Jul 2003 00:29:45 -0700.
             <69611363293.20030731002945@psg.com> 
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Alex> Eric, I  think the  concern is (the  SP folks  will correct me  if I'm
Alex> wrong)  that  in  both  cases  we have  increased  protocol  and  code
Alex> complexity which doesn't help  their stability regardless of whether a
Alex> given SP uses the new features or not, 

This concern  has been expressed,  but it is  not the concern that  Kurt was
articulating in the message to which I was replying. 

It's indisputable  that adding new features  to a piece  of software reduces
the  stability of that  piece of  software.  Certainly  this is  an argument
against  extending BGP,  and  it's  an argument  that  carries some  weight.
However,  it just doesn't  settle the  issue, because  there are  many other
things to consider: 

- If  an alternative  protocol shares code  with BGP, using  the alternative
  will not provide the hoped-for stability advantage. 

- Lack  of an evident alternative  which is sufficiently  different to avoid
  this sort of code-sharing. 

- Time-to-market for  the new features which are being  demanded by the many
  of the same customers who then complain about the lack of stability. 

To the extent that this is  just a software engineering issue, the IETF will
not be able to have any impact on it.  

Alex> in case 1 [the new data is  going to be distributed to the same set of
Alex> nodes which currently  speak BGP for the purpose  of maintaining their
Alex> Internet routing tables] there might be potential interference between
Alex> the  distributed systems  because  of resource  contention at  several
Alex> levels: transport connections, queues, mem bufs, etc. 

The question is whether using  a different protocol for distributing the new
data will  avoid this  potential interference.  If  not, this is  "simply" a
deployment issue not a protocol or architecture issue. 



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To: "'erosen@cisco.com'" <erosen@cisco.com>,
        Jeff Parker
	 <jparker@axiowave.com>
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 11:31:37 -0400

  
> No question.   The issue is whether  using a different 
> protocol  is either a necessary or  a sufficient 
> condition of "splitting  different functions into
> different tasks". 

There are really two questions

   a) Should data for my application be carried in BGP?

   b) Should data for his application be carried in BGP?

It is tempting to say that the answer to a) is yes
and the answer to b) is no.  

I don;t know what the right answer is, but see the
attempt to write down some rules as a useful effort.

- jeff parker

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        Jeff Parker
	 <jparker@axiowave.com>
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 11:31:37 -0400

  
> No question.   The issue is whether  using a different 
> protocol  is either a necessary or  a sufficient 
> condition of "splitting  different functions into
> different tasks". 

There are really two questions

   a) Should data for my application be carried in BGP?

   b) Should data for his application be carried in BGP?

It is tempting to say that the answer to a) is yes
and the answer to b) is no.  

I don;t know what the right answer is, but see the
attempt to write down some rules as a useful effort.

- jeff parker

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To: "'Craig Labovitz'" <labovit@state.arbornetworks.com>,
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 11:33:56 -0400

 
> So, inter-domain BGP convergence is linear with respect to the length
> of the longest possible ASPath. It is the complexity of the realized
> topology, and not intrinsic properties of the protocol implementation,
> that plays the largest role in convergence times.
> 
> - Craig

I suspect, but cannot prove, that more applications 
will mean higher connectivity, as more boxes need
to get 'their' information.

- jeff parker

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Jeff,

> > But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way,
> > then is it better to get a "bigger mouth," or a
> > "smaller sandwich?"
> 
> Russ -
>         To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw
> amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol
> and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
> think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
> sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
> same wieght.)

Reg the sandwitch analogy ... 

Two (or N) smaller sandwitches could be easily done by cutting the 1
meter (sorry 3 feet) long one into pieces (read modules) before
consumption. That is exactly what making each new AFI/SAFI fully modular
is all about. Notice also that once cutted it is packed in individual
bags for distribution (each AFI/SAFI uses a separate update msg). 

Some folks on this list don't like to use knives and want to make small
sandwitches when there is only one piece of bread already in action. So
first let's make sure we have a bread ready on the table for a second
sandwitch then start putting salami on it :).

R.

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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 17:33:58 +0200
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Jeff,

> > But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way,
> > then is it better to get a "bigger mouth," or a
> > "smaller sandwich?"
> 
> Russ -
>         To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw
> amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol
> and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
> think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
> sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
> same wieght.)

Reg the sandwitch analogy ... 

Two (or N) smaller sandwitches could be easily done by cutting the 1
meter (sorry 3 feet) long one into pieces (read modules) before
consumption. That is exactly what making each new AFI/SAFI fully modular
is all about. Notice also that once cutted it is packed in individual
bags for distribution (each AFI/SAFI uses a separate update msg). 

Some folks on this list don't like to use knives and want to make small
sandwitches when there is only one piece of bread already in action. So
first let's make sure we have a bread ready on the table for a second
sandwitch then start putting salami on it :).

R.

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 11:44:52 2003
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To: Pedro Roque Marques <roque@juniper.net>
cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: RP overloading: what is "overloading" 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 31 Jul 2003 03:17:05 -0700.
             <200307311017.h6VAH5F73550@roque-bsd.juniper.net> 
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Pedro> draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-00.txt  is about  distribution  of {prefix,
Pedro> next-hop} tuples at least as far as BGP is concerned. 

No it  isn't. The data  which is  proposed there to  be carried in  the NLRI
field is nothing at all like an address prefix. 

L2VPN discovery and L2VPN signaling  (including VPLS) are pretty clear cases
where the  data proposed to be carried  by BGP is "non-routing".   It may or
may not be  appropriate to carry such data in BGP  (personally I think "yes"
in the discovery case  and "no" in the signaling case), but  I don't think a
defense of draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp can be  mounted on the basis that it is
just using BGP to distribute routing info. 


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 12:11:11 2003
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Eric,

Thursday, July 31, 2003, 7:43:40 AM, Eric Rosen wrote:
> Of  course, a  survey of  the PPVPN  archives will  show many  messages from
> operators supporting the extension of BGP.

Indeed. In fact, what I will do is go back to the archives and invite
those operators to join this discussion.

> In fact, there are messages from
> operators supporting the use of  BGP for totally inappropriate purposes that
> (IMHO) should be rejected by the IETF. 

> Fortunately this  is the IETF  not the ITU-T,  and we make our  decisions by
> dint of technical deliberations rather than by having a popularity contest. 

Of course. Technical discussion is what we need, not just me-too's.
Alex


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Eric,

Thursday, July 31, 2003, 7:43:40 AM, Eric Rosen wrote:
> Of  course, a  survey of  the PPVPN  archives will  show many  messages from
> operators supporting the extension of BGP.

Indeed. In fact, what I will do is go back to the archives and invite
those operators to join this discussion.

> In fact, there are messages from
> operators supporting the use of  BGP for totally inappropriate purposes that
> (IMHO) should be rejected by the IETF. 

> Fortunately this  is the IETF  not the ITU-T,  and we make our  decisions by
> dint of technical deliberations rather than by having a popularity contest. 

Of course. Technical discussion is what we need, not just me-too's.
Alex


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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
From: Lars Erik Gullerud <lerik@nolink.net>
To: raszuk@cisco.com
Cc: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>, "'Russ White'" <riw@cisco.com>,
        Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, erosen@cisco.com,
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On Thu, 2003-07-31 at 17:33, Robert Raszuk wrote:

> Reg the sandwitch analogy ... 
> 
> Two (or N) smaller sandwitches could be easily done by cutting the 1
> meter (sorry 3 feet) long one into pieces (read modules) before
> consumption. That is exactly what making each new AFI/SAFI fully modular
> is all about. Notice also that once cutted it is packed in individual
> bags for distribution (each AFI/SAFI uses a separate update msg). 

One problem as I see it right now though, is that if the contents of one
of those bags isn't satisfactory (i.e. an update message is invalid),
you throw the whole loaf of bread away (i.e. peer sends notification
message and tears down the BGP session). And as more and more different
sandwiches have to be made, the chances increase that a sloppy chef
mistakenly puts ham on one of them instead of salami, so this is a real
concern.

But since we are starting to stretch this sandwich analogy, let's go
back to cleartext - I have had the "pleasure" of observing the effects
on a network where buggy router code from vendor X generated bad update
messages for one AFI (in this case, vpnv4) and BGP sessions started
dropping all over the place. Which then ended up affecting a
substantially bigger portion of the customer mass than if only the VPN
service had gone down. Without going into details, let's just say the
guys in suits were not too happy, and the guys in jeans were sweating
heavily that day.

I'm not saying a separate protocol for every service is the preferred
way to go, but from an operators POV, a "soft" failure of one service
should ideally not affect all the other services being provided on the
same infrastructure, but rather contain the failure to that particular
service. Exactly how that is achieved however, is something we Ops guys
usually prefer to leave as an exercise to the people we pay obscene
amounts of money for those giant paperweights we stuff into our 19"
racks.

/leg



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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
From: Lars Erik Gullerud <lerik@nolink.net>
To: raszuk@cisco.com
Cc: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>, "'Russ White'" <riw@cisco.com>,
        Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, erosen@cisco.com,
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On Thu, 2003-07-31 at 17:33, Robert Raszuk wrote:

> Reg the sandwitch analogy ... 
> 
> Two (or N) smaller sandwitches could be easily done by cutting the 1
> meter (sorry 3 feet) long one into pieces (read modules) before
> consumption. That is exactly what making each new AFI/SAFI fully modular
> is all about. Notice also that once cutted it is packed in individual
> bags for distribution (each AFI/SAFI uses a separate update msg). 

One problem as I see it right now though, is that if the contents of one
of those bags isn't satisfactory (i.e. an update message is invalid),
you throw the whole loaf of bread away (i.e. peer sends notification
message and tears down the BGP session). And as more and more different
sandwiches have to be made, the chances increase that a sloppy chef
mistakenly puts ham on one of them instead of salami, so this is a real
concern.

But since we are starting to stretch this sandwich analogy, let's go
back to cleartext - I have had the "pleasure" of observing the effects
on a network where buggy router code from vendor X generated bad update
messages for one AFI (in this case, vpnv4) and BGP sessions started
dropping all over the place. Which then ended up affecting a
substantially bigger portion of the customer mass than if only the VPN
service had gone down. Without going into details, let's just say the
guys in suits were not too happy, and the guys in jeans were sweating
heavily that day.

I'm not saying a separate protocol for every service is the preferred
way to go, but from an operators POV, a "soft" failure of one service
should ideally not affect all the other services being provided on the
same infrastructure, but rather contain the failure to that particular
service. Exactly how that is achieved however, is something we Ops guys
usually prefer to leave as an exercise to the people we pay obscene
amounts of money for those giant paperweights we stuff into our 19"
racks.

/leg



_______________________________________________
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        Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 18:21:42 +0200
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Lars,

There is nothing which would prohibit anyone today from using a
dedicated BGP session for each AF mesh. So all probles you are
describing are very valid, but can be already addressed today by few
extra config lines. 

Further from TCP point of view adding another protocol or using multiple
sessions for existing one is the same thing.

R.

> Lars Erik Gullerud wrote:
> 
> On Thu, 2003-07-31 at 17:33, Robert Raszuk wrote:
> 
> > Reg the sandwitch analogy ...
> >
> > Two (or N) smaller sandwitches could be easily done by cutting the 1
> > meter (sorry 3 feet) long one into pieces (read modules) before
> > consumption. That is exactly what making each new AFI/SAFI fully modular
> > is all about. Notice also that once cutted it is packed in individual
> > bags for distribution (each AFI/SAFI uses a separate update msg).
> 
> One problem as I see it right now though, is that if the contents of one
> of those bags isn't satisfactory (i.e. an update message is invalid),
> you throw the whole loaf of bread away (i.e. peer sends notification
> message and tears down the BGP session). And as more and more different
> sandwiches have to be made, the chances increase that a sloppy chef
> mistakenly puts ham on one of them instead of salami, so this is a real
> concern.
> 
> But since we are starting to stretch this sandwich analogy, let's go
> back to cleartext - I have had the "pleasure" of observing the effects
> on a network where buggy router code from vendor X generated bad update
> messages for one AFI (in this case, vpnv4) and BGP sessions started
> dropping all over the place. Which then ended up affecting a
> substantially bigger portion of the customer mass than if only the VPN
> service had gone down. Without going into details, let's just say the
> guys in suits were not too happy, and the guys in jeans were sweating
> heavily that day.
> 
> I'm not saying a separate protocol for every service is the preferred
> way to go, but from an operators POV, a "soft" failure of one service
> should ideally not affect all the other services being provided on the
> same infrastructure, but rather contain the failure to that particular
> service. Exactly how that is achieved however, is something we Ops guys
> usually prefer to leave as an exercise to the people we pay obscene
> amounts of money for those giant paperweights we stuff into our 19"
> racks.
> 
> /leg

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From: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
To: "'Craig Labovitz'" <labovit@state.arbornetworks.com>,
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Subject: RE: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
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> So, inter-domain BGP convergence is linear with respect to the length
> of the longest possible ASPath. It is the complexity of the realized
> topology, and not intrinsic properties of the protocol implementation,
> that plays the largest role in convergence times.
> 
> - Craig

I suspect, but cannot prove, that more applications 
will mean higher connectivity, as more boxes need
to get 'their' information.

- jeff parker

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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 09:42:11 -0700

On Thu, Jul 31, 2003 at 12:29:38AM -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
> 
> Chandra wrote:
> 
> > So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
> > tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
> > some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
> > a new 'item' that needs BGP.
> 
> One of the suggestions that was being discussed in rtg-dir and ops-dir
> is to have the proponents of the protocol extension explain why it
> belongs in a particular routing protocol, and require consensus that
> putting it there is the right approach.
> 
> > A new protocol would raise the same set of concerns. If there
> > is a reasonably clear requirement for a new protocol for a given 
> > set of applications, I think it may be a good idea to just define 
> > what those are and why there is a feeling that they do not belong
> > in BGP.
> 
> Two points here:
> 
> 1. If there is a feeling that a given set of applications needs
>    a separate protocol, we should do so.
> 
> 2. Note how your logic wrt "belong in BGP" is completely reversed
>    compared to the suggestion I mentioned above. I.e., you suggest
>    to explain why something does NOT belong in BGP, while the

  I suggest that because this entire topic/discussion seems to
  be primarily driven from the point of view that BGP is being
  used to carry information that it should not be carrying.

>    suggestion is to have people explain why it should go there in

  I agree with the above statement too. To me they are the same
  thing. A draft being put out => the authors think it should belong
  in BGP. IDR does discuss the merits/demerits of every draft anyway.
  
  -
  Chandra.
 
>    the first place. I personally believe (and it seems to be the
>    consensus in the rtg-dir and ops-dir) that the latter makes much
>    more sense.
> 

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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 18:21:42 +0200
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Lars,

There is nothing which would prohibit anyone today from using a
dedicated BGP session for each AF mesh. So all probles you are
describing are very valid, but can be already addressed today by few
extra config lines. 

Further from TCP point of view adding another protocol or using multiple
sessions for existing one is the same thing.

R.

> Lars Erik Gullerud wrote:
> 
> On Thu, 2003-07-31 at 17:33, Robert Raszuk wrote:
> 
> > Reg the sandwitch analogy ...
> >
> > Two (or N) smaller sandwitches could be easily done by cutting the 1
> > meter (sorry 3 feet) long one into pieces (read modules) before
> > consumption. That is exactly what making each new AFI/SAFI fully modular
> > is all about. Notice also that once cutted it is packed in individual
> > bags for distribution (each AFI/SAFI uses a separate update msg).
> 
> One problem as I see it right now though, is that if the contents of one
> of those bags isn't satisfactory (i.e. an update message is invalid),
> you throw the whole loaf of bread away (i.e. peer sends notification
> message and tears down the BGP session). And as more and more different
> sandwiches have to be made, the chances increase that a sloppy chef
> mistakenly puts ham on one of them instead of salami, so this is a real
> concern.
> 
> But since we are starting to stretch this sandwich analogy, let's go
> back to cleartext - I have had the "pleasure" of observing the effects
> on a network where buggy router code from vendor X generated bad update
> messages for one AFI (in this case, vpnv4) and BGP sessions started
> dropping all over the place. Which then ended up affecting a
> substantially bigger portion of the customer mass than if only the VPN
> service had gone down. Without going into details, let's just say the
> guys in suits were not too happy, and the guys in jeans were sweating
> heavily that day.
> 
> I'm not saying a separate protocol for every service is the preferred
> way to go, but from an operators POV, a "soft" failure of one service
> should ideally not affect all the other services being provided on the
> same infrastructure, but rather contain the failure to that particular
> service. Exactly how that is achieved however, is something we Ops guys
> usually prefer to leave as an exercise to the people we pay obscene
> amounts of money for those giant paperweights we stuff into our 19"
> racks.
> 
> /leg

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 13:13:06 2003
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 19:11:03 +0200
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Let me try to probe operators about one element which may become much
harder to achive when moving some data out of BGP umbrella. Under a
numerous conversations I have heard requests asking for allowing
operator to tightly control the order of information being distributed
by BGP for example: vpnv4 routes first then ipv4 routes or ipv4 routes
first followed by mutlicast routes etc ...

When all AFs are under the same BGP umbrella that request can be very
easy to deliver with a simple knob. When we separate future - non
routing data - I could easily see the case that +100K ipv4 routes is
competing with +100K telefon numbers to be send between routers. There
would be no easy way to allow priority control other then low level CPU
resources allocations to each process. Even that it would be usually
difficult to achive full task serialization on a more granular level
that fully blocking given's process resources. That will in turn result
in explosion of separate processes almost per task and managment of
those will for sure provide very stable platforms :).

Bottom line - the question is - do we all agree that the only required
mode of operation is fairness in distribution of all kinds of
information between routers ? 

Cheers,
R.

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From: Chandrashekhar Appanna <achandra@cisco.com>
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Subject: Re: RP overloading: what would stay in BGP and what wouldn't
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 09:42:11 -0700

On Thu, Jul 31, 2003 at 12:29:38AM -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
> 
> Chandra wrote:
> 
> > So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
> > tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
> > some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
> > a new 'item' that needs BGP.
> 
> One of the suggestions that was being discussed in rtg-dir and ops-dir
> is to have the proponents of the protocol extension explain why it
> belongs in a particular routing protocol, and require consensus that
> putting it there is the right approach.
> 
> > A new protocol would raise the same set of concerns. If there
> > is a reasonably clear requirement for a new protocol for a given 
> > set of applications, I think it may be a good idea to just define 
> > what those are and why there is a feeling that they do not belong
> > in BGP.
> 
> Two points here:
> 
> 1. If there is a feeling that a given set of applications needs
>    a separate protocol, we should do so.
> 
> 2. Note how your logic wrt "belong in BGP" is completely reversed
>    compared to the suggestion I mentioned above. I.e., you suggest
>    to explain why something does NOT belong in BGP, while the

  I suggest that because this entire topic/discussion seems to
  be primarily driven from the point of view that BGP is being
  used to carry information that it should not be carrying.

>    suggestion is to have people explain why it should go there in

  I agree with the above statement too. To me they are the same
  thing. A draft being put out => the authors think it should belong
  in BGP. IDR does discuss the merits/demerits of every draft anyway.
  
  -
  Chandra.
 
>    the first place. I personally believe (and it seems to be the
>    consensus in the rtg-dir and ops-dir) that the latter makes much
>    more sense.
> 

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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 19:11:03 +0200
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Let me try to probe operators about one element which may become much
harder to achive when moving some data out of BGP umbrella. Under a
numerous conversations I have heard requests asking for allowing
operator to tightly control the order of information being distributed
by BGP for example: vpnv4 routes first then ipv4 routes or ipv4 routes
first followed by mutlicast routes etc ...

When all AFs are under the same BGP umbrella that request can be very
easy to deliver with a simple knob. When we separate future - non
routing data - I could easily see the case that +100K ipv4 routes is
competing with +100K telefon numbers to be send between routers. There
would be no easy way to allow priority control other then low level CPU
resources allocations to each process. Even that it would be usually
difficult to achive full task serialization on a more granular level
that fully blocking given's process resources. That will in turn result
in explosion of separate processes almost per task and managment of
those will for sure provide very stable platforms :).

Bottom line - the question is - do we all agree that the only required
mode of operation is fairness in distribution of all kinds of
information between routers ? 

Cheers,
R.

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 14:27:08 2003
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From: Mark Handley <M.Handley@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
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To: Russ White <riw@cisco.com>
cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:16:38 EDT."
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 15:27:22 +0100


>Well.. I'm hearing (on this thread) that the reason BGP converges so slowly
>is the amount of data it is carrying, and then on the other side, that this
>isn't the problem it's a deployment issue, but then back that the
>deployment issues are caused by the protocol, etc.... In fact, the only
>thing that seperating a specific set of data out is going to give you is
>the ability to prioritize what you converge first.

No, using different connections also means two datasets don't share
fate to the same extent.

If one dataset's sender generates an illegal message, the receiver
won't tear down the TCP connection for all datasets.  

If the reader for one dataset fails to read quickly enough (because
it's buggy, or it's doing something time consuming, or it's waiting on
someone else, or whatever), then it will block a shared TCP connection
for everyone.

If one dataset generates an excessively large amount of data, using
separate connections means it won't cause the other datasets to be
directly delayed by TCP congestion control and being queued behind the
large amount of data - they'll be indirectly delayed by competing with
the other TCP connection, but this is a much less severe situation.

In particular, using different connections gives most of the control
over which thing gets scheduled first to the receiving router.  If two
datasets share a connection, this gives the sending router much more
control over the relative scheduling at the receiver.

Cheers,
	Mark



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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 11:24:45 -0400



So, inter-domain BGP convergence is linear with respect to the length
of the longest possible ASPath. It is the complexity of the realized
topology, and not intrinsic properties of the protocol implementation,
that plays the largest role in convergence times.

- Craig

> 	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw 
> amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol 
> and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
> think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
> sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
> same wieght.)

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So, inter-domain BGP convergence is linear with respect to the length
of the longest possible ASPath. It is the complexity of the realized
topology, and not intrinsic properties of the protocol implementation,
that plays the largest role in convergence times.

- Craig

> 	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw 
> amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol 
> and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
> think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
> sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
> same wieght.)

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To: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
From: "John G. Scudder" <jgs@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
Cc: "'Russ White'" <riw@cisco.com>, Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>,
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 14:29:24 -0400

At 10:37 AM -0400 7/31/03, Jeff Parker wrote:
>
>>  But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way,
>>  then is it better to get a "bigger mouth," or a
>>  "smaller sandwich?"
>
>Russ -
>	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw
>amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol
>and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
>think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
>sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
>same wieght.)

I don't think you can support this on a big-O analysis of 
convergence.  Let me try to break it down.

BGP's convergence time is said to be O(N!) in the number of 
autonomous systems in the Internet.  Eek!  However, leaving aside the 
fact that that's a theoretic upper bound and not the expected case, 
that is a bound for Internet-wide convergence for a particular 
destination; there is no term for number of data objects ("routes") 
in the system.  So that can't be relevant to your comment.

The data transport term for BGP or any BGP-like protocol must be 
linear, per peer, in the number of routes -- clearly you have to 
transport every route at least once, so it's at least linear, and you 
don't have to transport them more than once -- at least at this level 
of abstract discussion -- so it's not more than linear.  Since this 
analysis is independent of _how_ you transport the routes, that can't 
be what you're getting at with your "sandwich" comment either.

That leaves the on-box component.  A decent BGP implementation should 
have a per AF cost of approximately O(RPlogP) where R is the number 
of routes ("paths") per prefix, and P is the number of prefixes 
(destinations) stored in the local db for that AF.  So, right, that's 
not linear.  But it's per AF.  The cost of any BGP-like protocol 
supporting a set of related data will equally be O(RPlogP).  So 
either you sum these terms into BGP, or you divide them into 
different protocols... and still have to sum them.  So once again, I 
don't see the basis for your "two smaller sandwiches" comment.

This might be about software engineering, or protocol aesthetics, but 
I don't think it's about theoretical convergence properties.

--John

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From: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
To: "'John G. Scudder'" <jgs@cisco.com>, Jeff Parker
	 <jparker@axiowave.com>
Cc: "'Russ White'" <riw@cisco.com>, Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>,
        Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, erosen@cisco.com,
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 15:07:23 -0400

 
> >Russ -
> >	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw
> >amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol
> >and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
> >think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
> >sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
> >same wieght.)
> 
> I don't think you can support this on a big-O analysis of 
> convergence.  Let me try to break it down.
...
> This might be about software engineering, or protocol aesthetics, but 
> I don't think it's about theoretical convergence properties.
> 
> --John

John -
	Thanks for the analysis: I spoke rashly. 

	We now return to the discussion of protocol aesthetics,
already in progress.   

- jeff parker

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From: Mark Handley <M.Handley@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
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To: Russ White <riw@cisco.com>
cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 31 Jul 2003 10:16:38 EDT."
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>Well.. I'm hearing (on this thread) that the reason BGP converges so slowly
>is the amount of data it is carrying, and then on the other side, that this
>isn't the problem it's a deployment issue, but then back that the
>deployment issues are caused by the protocol, etc.... In fact, the only
>thing that seperating a specific set of data out is going to give you is
>the ability to prioritize what you converge first.

No, using different connections also means two datasets don't share
fate to the same extent.

If one dataset's sender generates an illegal message, the receiver
won't tear down the TCP connection for all datasets.  

If the reader for one dataset fails to read quickly enough (because
it's buggy, or it's doing something time consuming, or it's waiting on
someone else, or whatever), then it will block a shared TCP connection
for everyone.

If one dataset generates an excessively large amount of data, using
separate connections means it won't cause the other datasets to be
directly delayed by TCP congestion control and being queued behind the
large amount of data - they'll be indirectly delayed by competing with
the other TCP connection, but this is a much less severe situation.

In particular, using different connections gives most of the control
over which thing gets scheduled first to the receiving router.  If two
datasets share a connection, this gives the sending router much more
control over the relative scheduling at the receiver.

Cheers,
	Mark



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To: Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>
From: "John G. Scudder" <jgs@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna
Cc: "'Russ White'" <riw@cisco.com>, Jeff Parker <jparker@axiowave.com>,
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 14:29:24 -0400

At 10:37 AM -0400 7/31/03, Jeff Parker wrote:
>
>>  But, if you're eating the same amount of food either way,
>>  then is it better to get a "bigger mouth," or a
>>  "smaller sandwich?"
>
>Russ -
>	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw
>amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol
>and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
>think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
>sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
>same wieght.)

I don't think you can support this on a big-O analysis of 
convergence.  Let me try to break it down.

BGP's convergence time is said to be O(N!) in the number of 
autonomous systems in the Internet.  Eek!  However, leaving aside the 
fact that that's a theoretic upper bound and not the expected case, 
that is a bound for Internet-wide convergence for a particular 
destination; there is no term for number of data objects ("routes") 
in the system.  So that can't be relevant to your comment.

The data transport term for BGP or any BGP-like protocol must be 
linear, per peer, in the number of routes -- clearly you have to 
transport every route at least once, so it's at least linear, and you 
don't have to transport them more than once -- at least at this level 
of abstract discussion -- so it's not more than linear.  Since this 
analysis is independent of _how_ you transport the routes, that can't 
be what you're getting at with your "sandwich" comment either.

That leaves the on-box component.  A decent BGP implementation should 
have a per AF cost of approximately O(RPlogP) where R is the number 
of routes ("paths") per prefix, and P is the number of prefixes 
(destinations) stored in the local db for that AF.  So, right, that's 
not linear.  But it's per AF.  The cost of any BGP-like protocol 
supporting a set of related data will equally be O(RPlogP).  So 
either you sum these terms into BGP, or you divide them into 
different protocols... and still have to sum them.  So once again, I 
don't see the basis for your "two smaller sandwiches" comment.

This might be about software engineering, or protocol aesthetics, but 
I don't think it's about theoretical convergence properties.

--John

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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 15:30:55 2003
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 12:28:09 -0700
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Robert,

  [I suggest we don't cross-post to l3vpn]

  Though fairness and prioritization among application is not the only
  consideration, I think you got a very important question that can
  hopefully lead us to one of the main questions in this discussion.
  (I will put my thoughts together about the generic version of this
  question in a separate message.)

  Regarding this particular topic, one thing it seems we should
  consider in addition to scheduling at the BGP level vs scheduling at
  the process/TCP socket level is scheduling and resource sharing
  below. I.e., are there resources that would be shared by all TCP
  sessions with port 179? I know certain vendors, for example, detect
  such TCP segments and put them in a separate rate-limited queue
  towards the RP in the line card. If we have more apps running over
  what-looks-like-BGP, are we concerned about possible resource
  contention at this level?

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Thursday, July 31, 2003, 10:11:03 AM, Robert Raszuk wrote:

> Let me try to probe operators about one element which may become much
> harder to achive when moving some data out of BGP umbrella. Under a
> numerous conversations I have heard requests asking for allowing
> operator to tightly control the order of information being distributed
> by BGP for example: vpnv4 routes first then ipv4 routes or ipv4 routes
> first followed by mutlicast routes etc ...

> When all AFs are under the same BGP umbrella that request can be very
> easy to deliver with a simple knob. When we separate future - non
> routing data - I could easily see the case that +100K ipv4 routes is
> competing with +100K telefon numbers to be send between routers. There
> would be no easy way to allow priority control other then low level CPU
> resources allocations to each process. Even that it would be usually
> difficult to achive full task serialization on a more granular level
> that fully blocking given's process resources. That will in turn result
> in explosion of separate processes almost per task and managment of
> those will for sure provide very stable platforms :).

> Bottom line - the question is - do we all agree that the only required
> mode of operation is fairness in distribution of all kinds of
> information between routers ? 

> Cheers,
> R.


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Mark,

As said before to Lars you can easily carry each AFI/SAFI with a
separate BGP session today. So what is the problem which mandates new
protcol to achive any of the points you made below ?

R.

> Mark Handley wrote:
> 
> >Well.. I'm hearing (on this thread) that the reason BGP converges so slowly
> >is the amount of data it is carrying, and then on the other side, that this
> >isn't the problem it's a deployment issue, but then back that the
> >deployment issues are caused by the protocol, etc.... In fact, the only
> >thing that seperating a specific set of data out is going to give you is
> >the ability to prioritize what you converge first.
> 
> No, using different connections also means two datasets don't share
> fate to the same extent.
> 
> If one dataset's sender generates an illegal message, the receiver
> won't tear down the TCP connection for all datasets.
> 
> If the reader for one dataset fails to read quickly enough (because
> it's buggy, or it's doing something time consuming, or it's waiting on
> someone else, or whatever), then it will block a shared TCP connection
> for everyone.
> 
> If one dataset generates an excessively large amount of data, using
> separate connections means it won't cause the other datasets to be
> directly delayed by TCP congestion control and being queued behind the
> large amount of data - they'll be indirectly delayed by competing with
> the other TCP connection, but this is a much less severe situation.
> 
> In particular, using different connections gives most of the control
> over which thing gets scheduled first to the receiving router.  If two
> datasets share a connection, this gives the sending router much more
> control over the relative scheduling at the receiver.
> 
> Cheers,
>         Mark
> 
> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion

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	 <jparker@axiowave.com>
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 15:07:23 -0400

 
> >Russ -
> >	To repeat myself, I don't think the issue is the raw
> >amount of data.  It is the complexity of the protocol
> >and rate of convergence protocol convergence.  (And I don't
> >think that BGP is linear in convergence, so two smaller
> >sandwichs would be better than one bigger one with the
> >same wieght.)
> 
> I don't think you can support this on a big-O analysis of 
> convergence.  Let me try to break it down.
...
> This might be about software engineering, or protocol aesthetics, but 
> I don't think it's about theoretical convergence properties.
> 
> --John

John -
	Thanks for the analysis: I spoke rashly. 

	We now return to the discussion of protocol aesthetics,
already in progress.   

- jeff parker

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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 21:29:37 +0200
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Mark,

As said before to Lars you can easily carry each AFI/SAFI with a
separate BGP session today. So what is the problem which mandates new
protcol to achive any of the points you made below ?

R.

> Mark Handley wrote:
> 
> >Well.. I'm hearing (on this thread) that the reason BGP converges so slowly
> >is the amount of data it is carrying, and then on the other side, that this
> >isn't the problem it's a deployment issue, but then back that the
> >deployment issues are caused by the protocol, etc.... In fact, the only
> >thing that seperating a specific set of data out is going to give you is
> >the ability to prioritize what you converge first.
> 
> No, using different connections also means two datasets don't share
> fate to the same extent.
> 
> If one dataset's sender generates an illegal message, the receiver
> won't tear down the TCP connection for all datasets.
> 
> If the reader for one dataset fails to read quickly enough (because
> it's buggy, or it's doing something time consuming, or it's waiting on
> someone else, or whatever), then it will block a shared TCP connection
> for everyone.
> 
> If one dataset generates an excessively large amount of data, using
> separate connections means it won't cause the other datasets to be
> directly delayed by TCP congestion control and being queued behind the
> large amount of data - they'll be indirectly delayed by competing with
> the other TCP connection, but this is a much less severe situation.
> 
> In particular, using different connections gives most of the control
> over which thing gets scheduled first to the receiving router.  If two
> datasets share a connection, this gives the sending router much more
> control over the relative scheduling at the receiver.
> 
> Cheers,
>         Mark
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> routing-discussion@ietf.org
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Robert,

  [I suggest we don't cross-post to l3vpn]

  Though fairness and prioritization among application is not the only
  consideration, I think you got a very important question that can
  hopefully lead us to one of the main questions in this discussion.
  (I will put my thoughts together about the generic version of this
  question in a separate message.)

  Regarding this particular topic, one thing it seems we should
  consider in addition to scheduling at the BGP level vs scheduling at
  the process/TCP socket level is scheduling and resource sharing
  below. I.e., are there resources that would be shared by all TCP
  sessions with port 179? I know certain vendors, for example, detect
  such TCP segments and put them in a separate rate-limited queue
  towards the RP in the line card. If we have more apps running over
  what-looks-like-BGP, are we concerned about possible resource
  contention at this level?

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Thursday, July 31, 2003, 10:11:03 AM, Robert Raszuk wrote:

> Let me try to probe operators about one element which may become much
> harder to achive when moving some data out of BGP umbrella. Under a
> numerous conversations I have heard requests asking for allowing
> operator to tightly control the order of information being distributed
> by BGP for example: vpnv4 routes first then ipv4 routes or ipv4 routes
> first followed by mutlicast routes etc ...

> When all AFs are under the same BGP umbrella that request can be very
> easy to deliver with a simple knob. When we separate future - non
> routing data - I could easily see the case that +100K ipv4 routes is
> competing with +100K telefon numbers to be send between routers. There
> would be no easy way to allow priority control other then low level CPU
> resources allocations to each process. Even that it would be usually
> difficult to achive full task serialization on a more granular level
> that fully blocking given's process resources. That will in turn result
> in explosion of separate processes almost per task and managment of
> those will for sure provide very stable platforms :).

> Bottom line - the question is - do we all agree that the only required
> mode of operation is fairness in distribution of all kinds of
> information between routers ? 

> Cheers,
> R.


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Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna 
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On 31/7/03 2:35 AM, "Eric Rosen" <erosen@cisco.com> wrote:

> 
> Randy> can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
> Randy> especially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
> Randy> experts? 
> 
> Seems like a fair enough deal:  you stop pretending to speak for all service
> providers, and I won't pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)
> 
Having Randy speak for me seems to be a terrifying thought :-) so I will
speak for myself and say on this issue I agree with Randy.

Mark.
(also an operator)


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On 31/7/03 2:35 AM, "Eric Rosen" <erosen@cisco.com> wrote:

> 
> Randy> can we now finish representing hidden others than ourselves,
> Randy> especially given that the ietf is supposedly a forum of individual
> Randy> experts? 
> 
> Seems like a fair enough deal:  you stop pretending to speak for all service
> providers, and I won't pretend to speak for all vendors ;-)
> 
Having Randy speak for me seems to be a terrifying thought :-) so I will
speak for myself and say on this issue I agree with Randy.

Mark.
(also an operator)


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From: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Subject: RP overloading: main question wrt code impact and resource sharing
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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 17:22:48 -0700
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Inspired by Robert's posting, I think we can formalize the concerns
about impact on the running code and resources sharing as follows.
(Note that there are other issues under consideration too.)

What essentially we are talking about is the most comfortable location
of the demux point among the apps. We have two major scenarios:

The BGP-based model: in this case, there's a single demux point for
routing and non-routing apps, and it is at the AFI/SAFI
parsing/encoding stage. All apps are explicitly exposed to BGP.

The non-BGP model: in this case, BGP is not exposed to non-routing
apps and the demux point for them, as well as for BGP as a whole, is
at the TCP level.

It seems that a more comfortable feeling about the non-BGP model
(again, only from the code impact and resource sharing POV) is based
on the following assumptions:

  Code impact:

   1. The code below the demux point (i.e. TCP, IP, kernel) that
      affects all apps is not changed when a new app is added.

   2. The code in existing apps does not have to be changed when a
      new app is introduced, i.e., the apps are sufficiently decoupled

   3. The code in separate apps may be developed, tested, released,
      debugged and packaged independently from other apps.

  Resource sharing:

   1. Separate apps do not share a single transport connection, which
      implies that:

         a) they don't compete for socket buffers, and hence
            don't block or starve each other at the TCP level
            
         b) they don't compete for possible protocol-level transport-
            related buffers and queues, and hence don't starve or
            block each other at the protocol send/receive level

         c) they don't compete for a possible per-connection
            processing time budget, hence don't starve each other
            at the intra-process scheduling level

         d) they don't compete for resources within the network
           (e.g., BW), when the protocol session spans multiple hops
            
         e) they likely do not compete for resources in other
            parts of the local system that may be protocol-aware
            (such as line cards putting all BGP segments in a separate
            rate-limited queue)

   2. Separate apps are likely to not share a single scheduling context,
      which implies that they will not compete for the same per-process
      time budget.

   3. Separate apps are likely to have their memory segments protected
      from each other in the OS'es supporting this. Hence, the risk of
      non-routing apps corrupting routing data is decreased.

   4. Separate apps are likely to have their own pools of resources,
      such as memory heaps, so the risk of memory starvation is
      decreased.

   5. In OS'es supporting protected memory, the above results in fate
      separation.

   Shout if I forgot something...
      
If we take the BGP model and set the goal to achieving the same fuzzy
feeling, here's the type of SW engineering discussion we would have
(please feel free to comment and correct):

>   Code impact:
> 
>    1. The code below the demux point (i.e. TCP, IP, kernel) that
>       affects all apps is not changed when a new app is added.

possible with proper abstraction and AFI/SAFI API registries.

>    2. The code in existing apps does not have to be changed when a
>       new app is introduced, i.e., the apps are sufficiently decoupled

should be the case for AFI/SAFI's already

>    3. The code in separate apps may be developed, tested, released,
>       debugged and packaged independently from other apps.

theoretically possible, hardly expected in reality...

>   Resource sharing:
> 
>    1. Separate apps do not share a single transport connection, which
>       implies that:

we can have a separate session per AFI/SAFI

>          a) they don't compete for socket buffers, and hence
>             don't block or starve each other at the TCP level

true with the above

>          b) they don't compete for possible protocol-level transport-
>             related buffers and queues, and hence don't starve or
>             block each other at the protocol send/receive level

ditto

>          c) they don't compete for a possible per-connection
>             processing time budget, hence don't starve each other
>             at the intra-process scheduling level

ditto

>          d) they don't compete for resources within the network
>            (e.g., BW), when the protocol session spans multiple hops

ditto

>          e) they likely do not compete for resources in other
>             parts of the local system that may be protocol-aware
>             (such as line cards putting all BGP segments in a separate
>             rate-limited queue)

this one may not be true, since rate limiter still thinks it's BGP

>    2. Separate apps are likely to not share a single scheduling context,
>       which implies that they will not compete for the same per-process
>       time budget.

achievable with proper decoupling, and APIs.
according to Robert folks are working on this.

>    3. Separate apps are likely to have their memory segments protected
>       from each other in the OS'es supporting this. Hence, the risk of
>       non-routing apps corrupting routing data is decreased.

possible, though IPC is likely to be a performance hit
don't know if anyone is looking at this.
given the well-known SW architectures of some vendors,
we're far from there...

>    4. Separate apps are likely to have their own pools of resources,
>       such as memory heaps, so the risk of memory starvation is
>       decreased.

doable with per AFI/SAFI resource pools.

>    5. In OS'es supporting protected memory, the above results in fate
>       separation.

hard without protected memory

So, from the code impact and resource sharing perspective
_exclusively_ (other aspects aside), it is the question of whether we
feel more comfortable with explicit, "manual" code and resource
separation that the BGP model requires, or with implicit, natural one
that the non-BGP model encourages, though does not guarantee.

Notice that we're now deep into SW engineering details. When
commenting, please be careful to make sure we don't degrade into
vendor bashing.

Regards

Alex


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion


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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 17:22:48 -0700
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Inspired by Robert's posting, I think we can formalize the concerns
about impact on the running code and resources sharing as follows.
(Note that there are other issues under consideration too.)

What essentially we are talking about is the most comfortable location
of the demux point among the apps. We have two major scenarios:

The BGP-based model: in this case, there's a single demux point for
routing and non-routing apps, and it is at the AFI/SAFI
parsing/encoding stage. All apps are explicitly exposed to BGP.

The non-BGP model: in this case, BGP is not exposed to non-routing
apps and the demux point for them, as well as for BGP as a whole, is
at the TCP level.

It seems that a more comfortable feeling about the non-BGP model
(again, only from the code impact and resource sharing POV) is based
on the following assumptions:

  Code impact:

   1. The code below the demux point (i.e. TCP, IP, kernel) that
      affects all apps is not changed when a new app is added.

   2. The code in existing apps does not have to be changed when a
      new app is introduced, i.e., the apps are sufficiently decoupled

   3. The code in separate apps may be developed, tested, released,
      debugged and packaged independently from other apps.

  Resource sharing:

   1. Separate apps do not share a single transport connection, which
      implies that:

         a) they don't compete for socket buffers, and hence
            don't block or starve each other at the TCP level
            
         b) they don't compete for possible protocol-level transport-
            related buffers and queues, and hence don't starve or
            block each other at the protocol send/receive level

         c) they don't compete for a possible per-connection
            processing time budget, hence don't starve each other
            at the intra-process scheduling level

         d) they don't compete for resources within the network
           (e.g., BW), when the protocol session spans multiple hops
            
         e) they likely do not compete for resources in other
            parts of the local system that may be protocol-aware
            (such as line cards putting all BGP segments in a separate
            rate-limited queue)

   2. Separate apps are likely to not share a single scheduling context,
      which implies that they will not compete for the same per-process
      time budget.

   3. Separate apps are likely to have their memory segments protected
      from each other in the OS'es supporting this. Hence, the risk of
      non-routing apps corrupting routing data is decreased.

   4. Separate apps are likely to have their own pools of resources,
      such as memory heaps, so the risk of memory starvation is
      decreased.

   5. In OS'es supporting protected memory, the above results in fate
      separation.

   Shout if I forgot something...
      
If we take the BGP model and set the goal to achieving the same fuzzy
feeling, here's the type of SW engineering discussion we would have
(please feel free to comment and correct):

>   Code impact:
> 
>    1. The code below the demux point (i.e. TCP, IP, kernel) that
>       affects all apps is not changed when a new app is added.

possible with proper abstraction and AFI/SAFI API registries.

>    2. The code in existing apps does not have to be changed when a
>       new app is introduced, i.e., the apps are sufficiently decoupled

should be the case for AFI/SAFI's already

>    3. The code in separate apps may be developed, tested, released,
>       debugged and packaged independently from other apps.

theoretically possible, hardly expected in reality...

>   Resource sharing:
> 
>    1. Separate apps do not share a single transport connection, which
>       implies that:

we can have a separate session per AFI/SAFI

>          a) they don't compete for socket buffers, and hence
>             don't block or starve each other at the TCP level

true with the above

>          b) they don't compete for possible protocol-level transport-
>             related buffers and queues, and hence don't starve or
>             block each other at the protocol send/receive level

ditto

>          c) they don't compete for a possible per-connection
>             processing time budget, hence don't starve each other
>             at the intra-process scheduling level

ditto

>          d) they don't compete for resources within the network
>            (e.g., BW), when the protocol session spans multiple hops

ditto

>          e) they likely do not compete for resources in other
>             parts of the local system that may be protocol-aware
>             (such as line cards putting all BGP segments in a separate
>             rate-limited queue)

this one may not be true, since rate limiter still thinks it's BGP

>    2. Separate apps are likely to not share a single scheduling context,
>       which implies that they will not compete for the same per-process
>       time budget.

achievable with proper decoupling, and APIs.
according to Robert folks are working on this.

>    3. Separate apps are likely to have their memory segments protected
>       from each other in the OS'es supporting this. Hence, the risk of
>       non-routing apps corrupting routing data is decreased.

possible, though IPC is likely to be a performance hit
don't know if anyone is looking at this.
given the well-known SW architectures of some vendors,
we're far from there...

>    4. Separate apps are likely to have their own pools of resources,
>       such as memory heaps, so the risk of memory starvation is
>       decreased.

doable with per AFI/SAFI resource pools.

>    5. In OS'es supporting protected memory, the above results in fate
>       separation.

hard without protected memory

So, from the code impact and resource sharing perspective
_exclusively_ (other aspects aside), it is the question of whether we
feel more comfortable with explicit, "manual" code and resource
separation that the BGP model requires, or with implicit, natural one
that the non-BGP model encourages, though does not guarantee.

Notice that we're now deep into SW engineering details. When
commenting, please be careful to make sure we don't degrade into
vendor bashing.

Regards

Alex


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 18:24:18 -0700
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Eric,

> It's indisputable  that adding new features  to a piece  of software reduces
> the  stability of that  piece of  software.  Certainly  this is  an argument
> against  extending BGP,  and  it's  an argument  that  carries some  weight.
> However,  it just doesn't  settle the  issue, because  there are  many other
> things to consider: 

> - If  an alternative  protocol shares code  with BGP, using  the alternative
>   will not provide the hoped-for stability advantage. 

This is not necessarily true.
If the shared piece of code is stable and unstable pieces are
protocol-specific, then additional functionality put on one
protocol should not affect the other.

> - Lack  of an evident alternative  which is sufficiently  different to avoid
>   this sort of code-sharing. 

> - Time-to-market for  the new features which are being  demanded by the many
>   of the same customers who then complain about the lack of stability.

This is a valid question. Russ brought it up too. I will follow up on
it in my reply to Russ.

> To the extent that this is  just a software engineering issue, the IETF will
> not be able to have any impact on it.  

Alex>> in case 1 [the new data is  going to be distributed to the same set of
Alex>> nodes which currently  speak BGP for the purpose  of maintaining their
Alex>> Internet routing tables] there might be potential interference between
Alex>> the  distributed systems  because  of resource  contention at  several
Alex>> levels: transport connections, queues, mem bufs, etc. 

> The question is whether using  a different protocol for distributing the new
> data will  avoid this  potential interference.  If  not, this is  "simply" a
> deployment issue not a protocol or architecture issue. 

Please see my previous message with an attempt to formalize the
code-related concerns.

Alex


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Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 18:24:18 -0700
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Eric,

> It's indisputable  that adding new features  to a piece  of software reduces
> the  stability of that  piece of  software.  Certainly  this is  an argument
> against  extending BGP,  and  it's  an argument  that  carries some  weight.
> However,  it just doesn't  settle the  issue, because  there are  many other
> things to consider: 

> - If  an alternative  protocol shares code  with BGP, using  the alternative
>   will not provide the hoped-for stability advantage. 

This is not necessarily true.
If the shared piece of code is stable and unstable pieces are
protocol-specific, then additional functionality put on one
protocol should not affect the other.

> - Lack  of an evident alternative  which is sufficiently  different to avoid
>   this sort of code-sharing. 

> - Time-to-market for  the new features which are being  demanded by the many
>   of the same customers who then complain about the lack of stability.

This is a valid question. Russ brought it up too. I will follow up on
it in my reply to Russ.

> To the extent that this is  just a software engineering issue, the IETF will
> not be able to have any impact on it.  

Alex>> in case 1 [the new data is  going to be distributed to the same set of
Alex>> nodes which currently  speak BGP for the purpose  of maintaining their
Alex>> Internet routing tables] there might be potential interference between
Alex>> the  distributed systems  because  of resource  contention at  several
Alex>> levels: transport connections, queues, mem bufs, etc. 

> The question is whether using  a different protocol for distributing the new
> data will  avoid this  potential interference.  If  not, this is  "simply" a
> deployment issue not a protocol or architecture issue. 

Please see my previous message with an attempt to formalize the
code-related concerns.

Alex


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From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 21:36:49 2003
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Robert,

> Last attempt to switch this tread to the right tracks ...

[I'll take this part to a separate thread together with Russ'es
suggestion, since I see some good suggestions that we should discuss
in them]

A small comment on this:

> What on the other hand I see to be the real goal of this discussion is
> to do revolution. While revolution leaders get much more glory and
> reputation if revolution suceeds history shows that when revolutions
> fail they quickly also become part of the dark sides of the history.
> Also the idea of centrally deciding what is good and what is bad should
> to at least two of us remind something :).

and notice that we are not deciding what's good and what's bad
centrally (pushing down the directives from the IESG/ADs/RTG-DIR,
etc.), but instead are heaving an open discussion first at the routing
area meeting and then here on the list. No desire for a revolution,
but a huge desire to get a closure on this topic and move on.

Thanks.

Alex


_______________________________________________
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Robert,

> Last attempt to switch this tread to the right tracks ...

[I'll take this part to a separate thread together with Russ'es
suggestion, since I see some good suggestions that we should discuss
in them]

A small comment on this:

> What on the other hand I see to be the real goal of this discussion is
> to do revolution. While revolution leaders get much more glory and
> reputation if revolution suceeds history shows that when revolutions
> fail they quickly also become part of the dark sides of the history.
> Also the idea of centrally deciding what is good and what is bad should
> to at least two of us remind something :).

and notice that we are not deciding what's good and what's bad
centrally (pushing down the directives from the IESG/ADs/RTG-DIR,
etc.), but instead are heaving an open discussion first at the routing
area meeting and then here on the list. No desire for a revolution,
but a huge desire to get a closure on this topic and move on.

Thanks.

Alex


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 21:58:52 2003
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------ Forwarded Message
From: Mark Prior <mrp@mrp.net>
Date: Fri, 01 Aug 2003 11:11:09 +0930
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna

On 1/8/03 8:58 AM, "Alex Zinin" <zinin@psg.com> wrote:

> Could you please be kind and elaborate on your reasoning on the
> list? It would help a lot if folks knew what makes you feel certain
> way.
> 

As an operator, stability is priority #1. If the customer can't get work
done then they will soon be an ex-customer. This means that the network
needs to be there when they need it. They will put up with some poor
performance as long as they can get work done and they think the problem
will go away sooner rather than later. The extension to this is that
complexity is bad, as complexity and stability don't play well together. As
I work at a R&E network there is some level of requirement for bleeding edge
stuff and an acceptance that new stuff isn't always as robust as you would
like but it would be jetisoned pretty damn quick if it impacted the business
processes (note in our case we provide commodity and R&E access). Having
this new stuff separate from the production stuff is good and the more
separate the better.

Mark.



------ End of Forwarded Message


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------ Forwarded Message
From: Mark Prior <mrp@mrp.net>
Date: Fri, 01 Aug 2003 11:11:09 +0930
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
Subject: Re: Open Routing Area meeting in Vienna

On 1/8/03 8:58 AM, "Alex Zinin" <zinin@psg.com> wrote:

> Could you please be kind and elaborate on your reasoning on the
> list? It would help a lot if folks knew what makes you feel certain
> way.
> 

As an operator, stability is priority #1. If the customer can't get work
done then they will soon be an ex-customer. This means that the network
needs to be there when they need it. They will put up with some poor
performance as long as they can get work done and they think the problem
will go away sooner rather than later. The extension to this is that
complexity is bad, as complexity and stability don't play well together. As
I work at a R&E network there is some level of requirement for bleeding edge
stuff and an acceptance that new stuff isn't always as robust as you would
like but it would be jetisoned pretty damn quick if it impacted the business
processes (note in our case we provide commodity and R&E access). Having
this new stuff separate from the production stuff is good and the more
separate the better.

Mark.



------ End of Forwarded Message


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



From routing-discussion-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 31 22:59:33 2003
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Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2003 11:54:21 +0900
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On torsdag, jul 31, 2003, at 16:29 Asia/Seoul, Alex Zinin wrote:

> Chandra wrote:
>
>> So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
>> tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
>> some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
>> a new 'item' that needs BGP.
>
> One of the suggestions that was being discussed in rtg-dir and ops-dir
> is to have the proponents of the protocol extension explain why it
> belongs in a particular routing protocol, and require consensus that
> putting it there is the right approach.

This, at a minimum seems a very good start.
Anyone who think that a new feature belongs in the protocol should be
able to present a cogent and convincing argument for that new feature.

This may do nothing to relieve the bloat, but it will hopefully prevent
it from getting worse.

>
>
> One of the attractive properties of the MP-BGP framework is that you
> can quickly distribute new types of information among the routers
> without having to specify and implement new protocol machinery. A
> generalized transport protocol would provide the same possibility.

And this can be expected to be part of someone's presentation on why add
new functionality.

> a.


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On torsdag, jul 31, 2003, at 16:29 Asia/Seoul, Alex Zinin wrote:

> Chandra wrote:
>
>> So how do we reach consensus on a measure for 'risk' that is not
>> tainted by preferences based on what is profitable/convenient for
>> some given set of participants in any proposal/discussion for
>> a new 'item' that needs BGP.
>
> One of the suggestions that was being discussed in rtg-dir and ops-dir
> is to have the proponents of the protocol extension explain why it
> belongs in a particular routing protocol, and require consensus that
> putting it there is the right approach.

This, at a minimum seems a very good start.
Anyone who think that a new feature belongs in the protocol should be
able to present a cogent and convincing argument for that new feature.

This may do nothing to relieve the bloat, but it will hopefully prevent
it from getting worse.

>
>
> One of the attractive properties of the MP-BGP framework is that you
> can quickly distribute new types of information among the routers
> without having to specify and implement new protocol machinery. A
> generalized transport protocol would provide the same possibility.

And this can be expected to be part of someone's presentation on why add
new functionality.

> a.


_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion



