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Subject: FW: Last Call: draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf (Reduced Backus-Naur Form
	(RBNF) A Syntax Used in Various Protocol Specifications) to
	Proposed Standard 
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FYI.  This may be of interest to the CCAMP, MPLS, PCE and TSVWG WGs.

thanks, Ross

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Form (RBNF) A Syntax Used in Various Protocol Specifications) to
Proposed Standard 

The IESG has received a request from an individual submitter to consider
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   Specifications '
   <draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf-07.txt> as a Proposed Standard

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Subject: Last Call: draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf
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Adrian,

With regards to the BNF draft,
  it's easy to read and clear.


I'd suggest the following mods to section 2.4 on Precedence

Note:
     Precedence is the main opportunity for confusion in the use of this BNF.
     Authors are strongly RECOMMENDED to use grouping (Section 2.2.6) to prevent cases where an understanding of the preference rules is necessary to the reader.  Automated readers are REQUIRED to parce rules correctly with or without this extra grouping.




Also, in section 2.2.4. Alternatives,

the required example showing 
   <construct> ::= ( <ALT_ONE> | <ALT_TWO> ) | <ALT_THREE>

        or

          <intermediary construct> ::= <ALT_TWO> | <ALT_THREE>
          <construct> ::= <ALT_ONE> | <intermediary construct>


seems more complicated than the disallowed original

   <construct> ::= <ALT_ONE> | <ALT_TWO> | <ALT_THREE>

I'd vote for requiring the parcer to handle them all,
  but I feel like the disallowed one should be the preferred version.
    (This is different from the precedence grouping above
        because they are all the same precedence.)
    (Perhaps you are trying to make the parcer simpler at the expense of the human reader?)


Regards,

Stuart Venters
    




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Today's Topics:

   1. FW: Last Call: draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf (Reduced
      Backus-Naur Form	(RBNF) A Syntax Used in Various Protocol
      Specifications) to	Proposed Standard  (Ross Callon)


----------------------------------------------------------------------

Message: 1
Date: Tue, 6 Jan 2009 14:04:18 -0500
From: Ross Callon <rcallon@juniper.net>
Subject: FW: Last Call: draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf (Reduced
	Backus-Naur Form	(RBNF) A Syntax Used in Various Protocol
	Specifications) to	Proposed Standard 
To: <ccamp@ops.ietf.org>, <mpls@lists.ietf.org>, <pce@ietf.org>,
	<routing-discussion@ietf.org>, <tsvwg@ietf.org>
Cc: Ross Callon <rcallon@juniper.net>, David Ward <dward@cisco.com>
Message-ID:
	<3525C9833C09ED418C6FD6CD9514668C05660B4F@emailwf1.jnpr.net>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

FYI.  This may be of interest to the CCAMP, MPLS, PCE and TSVWG WGs.

thanks, Ross

-----Original Message-----
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[mailto:ietf-announce-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of The IESG
Sent: 06 January 2009 13:56
To: IETF-Announce
Subject: Last Call: draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf (Reduced Backus-Naur
Form (RBNF) A Syntax Used in Various Protocol Specifications) to
Proposed Standard 

The IESG has received a request from an individual submitter to consider
the following document:

- 'Reduced Backus-Naur Form (RBNF) A Syntax Used in Various Protocol 
   Specifications '
   <draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf-07.txt> as a Proposed Standard

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action.  Please send substantive comments to the
ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2009-02-03. Exceptionally, 
comments may be sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please 
retain the beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.

The file can be obtained via
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf-07.txt


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https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/pidtracker.cgi?command=view_id&dTag=
17681&rfc_flag=0

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Subject: Re: Last Call: draft-farrel-rtg-common-bnf
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Hi Stuart,

Thanks for reading.

> With regards to the BNF draft,
>  it's easy to read and clear.

Thanks!

> I'd suggest the following mods to section 2.4 on Precedence
>
> Note:
>     Precedence is the main opportunity for confusion in the use of this 
> BNF.
>     Authors are strongly RECOMMENDED to use grouping (Section 2.2.6)
>     to prevent cases where an understanding of the preference rules is
>     necessary to the reader.  Automated readers are REQUIRED to
>     parce rules correctly with or without this extra grouping.

This is reasonable.
I will work it into the existing text to make the first para of 2.4 read...

   Precedence is the main opportunity for confusion in the use of this
   BNF. Although precedence can be deduced from a "proper" reading of
   the BNF using the rules defined above and the precedence ordering
   shown below, authors are strongly RECOMMENDED to use grouping
   (Section 2.2.6) and ordering (Section 2.3.3) to avoid cases where the
   reader would otherwise be required to understand the precedence rules.

> Also, in section 2.2.4. Alternatives,
>
> the required example showing
>   <construct> ::= ( <ALT_ONE> | <ALT_TWO> ) | <ALT_THREE>
>
>        or
>
>          <intermediary construct> ::= <ALT_TWO> | <ALT_THREE>
>          <construct> ::= <ALT_ONE> | <intermediary construct>
>
>
> seems more complicated than the disallowed original
>
>   <construct> ::= <ALT_ONE> | <ALT_TWO> | <ALT_THREE>
>
> I'd vote for requiring the parcer to handle them all,
>  but I feel like the disallowed one should be the preferred version.
>    (This is different from the precedence grouping above
>        because they are all the same precedence.)
>    (Perhaps you are trying to make the parcer simpler at the expense of 
> the human reader?)

In fact, it was the more complicated cases that I was trying to avoid.
For example,

<a> ::= <b> <c> | <d> <e> | <f> <g>

is highly ambiguous.

We have some example cases...

           <flow descriptor list> ::=  <empty> |
                            <flow descriptor list> <flow descriptor>

where implicit grouping is used.

In fact, I can see that my rule is too strict.
As you point out
a ::= <b> | <c> | <d>
is not ambiguous.

Should I replace note 2 in Section 2.2.4 with...

     2. Multiple members of alternate sets can give rise to confusion.
        For example,

           <flow descriptor list> ::=  <empty> |
                                <flow descriptor list> <flow descriptor>

        could be read to mean that an instance of <flow descriptor> must
        be present or that it is optional.

        To avoid this type of issue, explicit grouping (see Section
        2.2.6), or an intermediary MUST be used. Thus:

          <construct> ::= <ALT_A> <ALT_B> | <ALT_C> <ALT_D>

        is not allowed and MUST be presented using grouping or using an
        intermediary construct. For example, and depending on intended
        meaning:

          <construct> ::= ( <ALT_A> <ALT_B> ) | ( <ALT_C> <ALT_D> )

          or

          <construct> ::= <ALT_A> ( <ALT_B> | <ALT_C> ) <ALT_D>

        or

          <intermediary X> ::= <ALT_A> <ALT_B>
          <intermediary Y> ::= <ALT_C> <ALT_D>
          <construct> ::= <intermediary X> | <intermediary Y>

          or

          <intermediary Z> ::= <ALT_B> | <ALT_C>
          <construct> ::= <ALT_A> <intermediary Z> <ALT_D>



Thanks,
Adrian 

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To: routing-discussion@ietf.org, int-area@ietf.org
Subject: Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming
	BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Folks,

	The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
	we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
	next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.

	Here are the current facts on the ground:

	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
	o Significant global deployment is underway
	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)

	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
	 "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
	 (see below), or should we have another BOF?"

	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
	close on these administrative issues.=20

	Thanks,

	Dave
--

LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-20

Chair(s):
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
working group).

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
	  Experimental.=20

Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20


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Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2009 09:24:51 +1300
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Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a	WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Dave,

Can you give a little more background on these two points,
for those who aren't following things that closely:

> 	o Significant global deployment is underway
> 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations

What's the nature of the deployment, and am I correct
in thinking that only one of the implementations is from
a core router vendor?

Those questions being asked and answered, I don't personally
see that another BOF is called for. The IESG just has to make its
normal assessment of whether the support is broad enough.

Thanks

     Brian
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Brian,

> Can you give a little more background on these two points,
> for those who aren't following things that closely:
>=20
> > 	o Significant global deployment is underway

	Check http://www.lisp4.net (IPv4) or http://www.lisp6.net
	(IPv6). There's a schematic of the global network
	there. Basically we're trying to get the RIRs to be at
	the topic level; you'll note that we have RIPE, ARIN, a
	LACNIC "proxy" (UY), and are working with the APNIC
	folks. Below that, we're trying to do a kind of regional
	(contential) aggregation, etc. There are roughly 30
	routers deployed, and 5 or 6 are in the pipeline.=20

	In addition, there are a growing number of hosts behind
	the xTRs (i.e., in EID space, either 153.16/16 or
	2610:D0:/32), scattered around the planet. For example,
	the NTT US folks have put up http://lisp4.ameri.ca (v4
	only), http://lisp6.ameri.ca (v6 only) or
	http://lisp.ameri.ca (dual stack).=20

	BTW, if you reach www.lisp{4,6}.net (or the mirrors on
	lispX.ameri.ca) from outside the LISP world, then you are
	using the Proxy Tunnel Router (PTR) technology described
	in draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-01.txt (note that the
	draft has timed out; we'll have an update today or
	tomorrow, and let me know if you need a copy of -01.txt).

	If you look at http:/www.translate.lisp4.net, you're
	using the other interworking technique, LISP translation
	(i.e., LISP NAT).

> > 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
>=20
> What's the nature of the deployment,=20

	Answered above, I think. Let me know if you have other
	questions.=20

> and am I correct in thinking that only one of the
> implementations is from a core router vendor?

	Sort or. We of course have Dino's implementation. There
	is also other ongoing LISP work in IOS (still
	evolving). I don't know about other vendors.

	You can also find OpenLISP (an open source freebsd LISP
	implementation) at http://gforge.info.ucl.ac.be/projects/openlisp.
	We are also actively looking at a Linux OpenLISP port.

> Those questions being asked and answered, I don't personally
> see that another BOF is called for. The IESG just has to make its
> normal assessment of whether the support is broad enough.

	Thanks for your comments Brian. Very helpful.

	Dave

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Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2009 00:15:16 +0200
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
From: "Soininen, Jonne (NSN - FI/Espoo)" <jonne.soininen@nsn.com>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Hi,

I am sorry if I'm a bit lost here. Perhaps I just haven't paid enough
attention. Did the RRG conclude and decide to take LISP or is this a
parallel activity? 

If this is a parallel activity what is the intended connection to the RRG
work?

Sorry for the perhaps simple questions and thanks for the answers in
advance!

Cheers,

Jonne.


On 1/20/09 9:07 PM, "ext David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net> wrote:

> 
> Folks,
> 
> The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
> we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
> next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
> 
> Here are the current facts on the ground:
> 
> o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
> o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
> o Significant global deployment is underway
> o We have 2 (or more) implementations
> o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
> 
> The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
> "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
> (see below), or should we have another BOF?"
> 
> Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
> close on these administrative issues.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Dave
> --
> 
> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
> 
> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
> 
> Chair(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Internet Area Director(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Routing Area Advisor:
>  TBD
> 
> Secretary(ies):
>  TBD
>  
> Mailing Lists:
>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
> 
> Description of Working Group:
> 
> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
> working group).
> 
> Goals and Milestones:
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
>  for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
>  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
>  System to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
>  Experimental. 
> 
> Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.
> 
> Internet-Drafts:
> draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
> 
> Request For Comments:
>  None
> 
> 
> References
> ----------
> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
> 
> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
> 
> [2] Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> (LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 
> [3] Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
> 
> [4] Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
> 
> [5] Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
> 
> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> "LISP for Multicast Environments",
> draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Int-area mailing list
> Int-area@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area

-- 
Jonne Soininen
Nokia Siemens Networks

Tel: +358 40 527 46 34
E-mail: jonne.soininen@nsn.com


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From routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 20 17:48:44 2009
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Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a	WG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org I wanted to provide some background on this question.

As you recall, a BOF was held on EXPLISP in Dublin. In Minneapolis we 
had a number of WGs and the RRG talk about LISP. Implementation and 
small scale deployment is going on. The RRG is still continuing its 
work, and they are looking at a number of different solutions, including 
map-and-encap, translation, host changes, and combinations thereof. I do 
not want to preempt the RRG's efforts and at this time we are NOT 
considering any IETF standards in this area. We are, however, 
potentially interested in working groups targeting experimental 
specifications so that we can get more experience about the various 
technical solutions, different people can build systems that work 
together, etc. Some of you may be familiar with the HIP effort; they 
also had a working group that produced experimental RFCs to complement 
the more research oriented work in the IRTF HIP group.

My interpretation of the outcome of the first BOF was that the topic was 
very interesting for the people in the room but that at the time they 
felt it was more in research than IETF scope. There were also technical 
debates. That being said, we did not spend enough time on the WG 
formation question. So I did not view the results as final. 
Nevertheless, several attempts were made in the autumn to create some 
form of a subgroup in RRG to do this work. However, the proponents were 
only interested in a working group.

So what is happening now is what we did with many other BOF efforts as 
well. We got feedback in the BOF, there's been further discussion, and 
work on various fronts has progressed. Its time to complete the 
discussion about the fate of this effort. We need to see if additional 
information or further changes can result in a WG proposal that is 
acceptable to the community or not. If we can reach a decision on the 
list, fine, if not I will reserve a second BOF slot for the discussion. 
I am mindful of the fact that the list discussion may not reach quite 
the same crowd as a f2f meeting, so unless we get a fairly strong signal 
in the list we probably need to meet as well.

But back to the proposal. In particular, I would like to know how people 
feel about this work being ready for an (Experimental) IETF WG, what the 
scope should be, whether the charter is reasonable. And if not, what 
would make it so.

Dave, can you post a summary of changes in the proposed charter since 
the first BOF? I see that you have already posted some information on 
what is going on in the implementation front -- that was very useful, 
thanks. Has there been other significant events since last summer?

Jari

P.S. Maybe we should reply on just one list from now on. Please use, 
say, int-area because I do not think everyone's on the lisp list.

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Subject: RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>, <int-area@ietf.org>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Dave,

The task consisting in discovering by experimentation architectural fit
(wrt initial objectives) and complement understanding wrt known
challenges (mapping, caching, loc.reachability, impact on traffic
spatio-temporal properties) is very different in nature than ensuring
interoperability among protocols, minimize operational impact, and
facilitate integration/deployability -> so requiring different type of
efforts with different timelines. As a matter of fact, both types of
activities are still required imho. 

So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
happen in the context of a BoF. 

Thanks,
-dimitri.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: int-area-bounces@ietf.org 
> [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of David Meyer
> Sent: Tuesday, January 20, 2009 8:08 PM
> To: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org
> Cc: lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG 
> as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 
> 	Folks,
> 
> 	The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
> 	we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
> 	next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
> 
> 	Here are the current facts on the ground:
> 
> 	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
> 	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
> 	o Significant global deployment is underway
> 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
> 	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
> 
> 	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
> 	 "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
> 	 (see below), or should we have another BOF?"
> 
> 	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
> 	close on these administrative issues. 
> 
> 	Thanks,
> 
> 	Dave
> --
> 
> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
> 
> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
> 
> Chair(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Internet Area Director(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Routing Area Advisor:
>  TBD
> 
> Secretary(ies):
>  TBD
>  
> Mailing Lists:
>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
> 
> Description of Working Group:
> 
> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
> working group).
> 
> Goals and Milestones:
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> 	  for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
> 	  Experimental. 
> 
> Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.
> 
> Internet-Drafts:
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
> 
> Request For Comments:
> 	  None
> 
> 
> References
> ----------
> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
> 
> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
> 
> [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 
> [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
> 
> [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
> 
> [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
> 
> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.  
> 
> 
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Subject: RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whetheraWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Hi floks,

I support Dimitri's position.

Furthermore, sorry in case I missed it but I would really like to have an a=
nswer on Jonne's point regarding RRG conclusions and decisions regarding LI=
SP. I would guess that the answer will have links to the points raised by D=
imitri and which, IINM, were the controversial part of the last explisp BOF.

--
Greg

> -----Message d'origine-----
> De : routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org =

> [mailto:routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org] De la part de =

> PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Envoy=E9 : mercredi 21 janvier 2009 11:55
> =C0 : David Meyer; routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org
> Cc : lisp@ietf.org
> Objet : RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the =

> IESG as to whetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> =

> Dave,
> =

> The task consisting in discovering by experimentation =

> architectural fit (wrt initial objectives) and complement =

> understanding wrt known challenges (mapping, caching, =

> loc.reachability, impact on traffic spatio-temporal =

> properties) is very different in nature than ensuring =

> interoperability among protocols, minimize operational =

> impact, and facilitate integration/deployability -> so =

> requiring different type of efforts with different timelines. =

> As a matter of fact, both types of activities are still =

> required imho. =

> =

> So the question - that is not administrative - boils down =

> imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP =

> protocol(s) specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on =

> the Loc/ID split and associated challenges open. That =

> question deserves imho a specific discussion that should =

> happen in the context of a BoF. =

> =

> Thanks,
> -dimitri.
> =

> =

> =

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: int-area-bounces@ietf.org
> > [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of David Meyer
> > Sent: Tuesday, January 20, 2009 8:08 PM
> > To: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org
> > Cc: lisp@ietf.org
> > Subject: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to =

> > whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> > =

> > =

> > 	Folks,
> > =

> > 	The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
> > 	we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
> > 	next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
> > =

> > 	Here are the current facts on the ground:
> > =

> > 	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
> > 	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
> > 	o Significant global deployment is underway
> > 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
> > 	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
> > =

> > 	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
> > 	 "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
> > 	 (see below), or should we have another BOF?"
> > =

> > 	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
> > 	close on these administrative issues. =

> > =

> > 	Thanks,
> > =

> > 	Dave
> > --
> > =

> > LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
> > =

> > Last Modified: 2009-01-20
> > =

> > Chair(s):
> >  TBD
> > =

> > Internet Area Director(s):
> >  TBD
> > =

> > Routing Area Advisor:
> >  TBD
> > =

> > Secretary(ies):
> >  TBD
> >  =

> > Mailing Lists:
> >  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
> > =

> > Description of Working Group:
> > =

> > LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that =

> respond to =

> > the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006 Routing and =

> > Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to form =

> a working =

> > group whose charter (see below) is to work on the design on =

> the LISP =

> > base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system [2], LISP =

> Interworking =

> > [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working group will encourage and =

> > support interoperable LISP implementations as well as defining =

> > requirements for alternate mapping systems. The Working =

> Group may also =

> > create EID-prefix assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well =

> as security =

> > profiles for the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the =

> > SIDR working group).
> > =

> > Goals and Milestones:
> > =

> > Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
> > =

> > Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
> > =

> > Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> > 	  for Experimental.
> > =

> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> > 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> > =

> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> > 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
> > =

> > July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
> > 	  Experimental. =

> > =

> > Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.
> > =

> > Internet-Drafts:
> > 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> > 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> > 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> > 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
> > =

> > Request For Comments:
> > 	  None
> > =

> > =

> > References
> > ----------
> > [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
> >         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
> > =

> > [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
> >         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
> > =

> > [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> > 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> > =

> > [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> > 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
> > =

> > [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> > 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
> > =

> > [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> > 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
> > =

> > [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> > 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
> > 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.  =

> > =

> > =

> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> =

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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
> we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
> issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
> open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> happen in the context of a BoF.
>    

I missed the part where anyone said that we should *exclusively* 
concentrate on LISP.  Where/when did that happen?
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "Eliot Lear" <lear@cisco.com>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Eliot:

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eliot Lear [mailto:lear@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2009 2:03 PM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: David Meyer; routing-discussion@ietf.org; 
> int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID
> > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves 
> > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context 
> > of a BoF.   
> 
> I missed the part where anyone said that we should *exclusively* 
> concentrate on LISP.  Where/when did that happen?

All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively oriented toward
LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:

/Goals and Milestones:
/ 
/Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
/          Experimental.
/ 
/Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
/          Experimental.
/ 
/Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
/          for Experimental.
/
/June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
/ 	     of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
/ 
/June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
/          System to the IESG for Experimental.
/ 
/July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
/ 	     Experimental. 

thanks,
-dimitri.
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org On 1/21/09 2:12 PM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
> All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively oriented toward
> LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:
>    
Right.  This is a LISP WG.  There is nothing stopping anyone from 
creating another WG, assuming the work warrants it.  And again, the 
output is experimental docs.  No standardization choices are being made.

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Subject: RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "Eliot Lear" <lear@cisco.com>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Eliot: 

Dave asked for opinions on usefulness to lead another BoF. Imho there is
a pending question that deserves discussion and a BoF is one of the
suitable mean to have such discussion and hopefully reach consensus. 

Your answer seems to state that the activities needed to address the
known Loc/ID split challenges would be lead outside LISP WG anyway ...
but this does not answer the initial question. 

Thanks,
-d.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eliot Lear [mailto:lear@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2009 2:56 PM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: David Meyer; routing-discussion@ietf.org; 
> int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> On 1/21/09 2:12 PM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
> > All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively 
> oriented toward
> > LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:
> >    
> Right.  This is a LISP WG. There is nothing stopping anyone from 
> creating another WG, assuming the work warrants it.  And again, the 
> output is experimental docs.  No standardization choices are 
> being made.
> 
> 
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Dimitri,

> The task consisting in discovering by experimentation architectural fit
> (wrt initial objectives) and complement understanding wrt known
> challenges (mapping, caching, loc.reachability, impact on traffic
> spatio-temporal properties) is very different in nature than ensuring
> interoperability among protocols, minimize operational impact, and
> facilitate integration/deployability -> so requiring different type of
> efforts with different timelines. As a matter of fact, both types of
> activities are still required imho.=20
>=20
> So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
> we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
> issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
> open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> happen in the context of a BoF.=20

	The purpose of this WG would be to take the *LISP*
	documents to EXPERIMENTAL. That is what I had in mind
	when I wrote the charter, and I believe that it is pretty
	clear on this point. That is not to say it the charter
	can't be further tightened (I'm sure it can).

	A you know, WGs need to be tightly focused, especially in
	the case of protocol groups. I'll grant you that my
	experience with WGs in the OPs area are somewhat more
	open-ended (at least mine have been), but it seems
	unlikely that an IETF WG could successfully produce both
	tight protocol specs and broad architectural surveys and
	analyzes. In fact, I can't think of a case in which this
	has been done in the IETF (perhaps there is one, but it
	doesn't readily come to mind). Add to that that LISP is
	clearly in an engineering and deployment phase, coupled
	with the fact that producing engineering specs what the
	IETF is good at (well, that is the IETF does), and one
	sees that finishing up the LISP specs in the IETF seems
	only natural.

	That said, it is a fine thing for the RRG to continue to
	do what its doing, and further, the document you've been
	describing on the RRG list should continue to progress
	(IMO of course). In fact, these activities are completely
	complementary. So keep up the good work.

	Just one point on your argument:

> So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
> we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
> issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
> open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> happen in the context of a BoF.=20

	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
	been or are being standardized.

	So my question to you is:

	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
		a ton of literature on loc/id split).

	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
		should have been chartered, the question is why
		(again, given your argument above)?=20


	Note that I'm not taking a stand on this either
	way. Rather, I'm just following the logic of your
	argument.=20

	Dave




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Subject: RE: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: Ross Callon <rcallon@juniper.net>
To: "Eliot Lear" <lear@cisco.com>, "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>, "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org In order to make an ID/Loc split work on an Internet-wide ubiquitous
scale, we need very good solutions and/or greater understanding to some
hard questions such as what will be the granularity of the mapping
function (how large will the mapping table be and what granularity of
prefix will be in it), how to do the mapping, how to do liveness
detection, what the scaling properties of the mapping and liveness
detection functions is likely to be, and what the manageability,
security, and robustness implications are. I guess that while we are at
it we need to figure out if there are other issues, such as MTU, that
need consideration. 

If you want to do experimentation on a moderate scale, then answers to
these questions are not strictly needed. 

I didn't see any of these "hard issues" explicitly mentioned in the
proposed charter (although there is mention of "the LISP+ALT mapping
system"). Is this because the effort is intended to be focused on the
shorter term experimentation efforts (including experimental protocol
specs that allow the immediate experiments to occur), for which these
hard issues do not need to be answered? 

Thanks, Ross

-----Original Message-----
From: lisp-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:lisp-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Eliot Lear
Sent: 21 January 2009 08:56
To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
Cc: int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org; routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG
as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP

On 1/21/09 2:12 PM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
> All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively oriented toward
> LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:
>    
Right.  This is a LISP WG.  There is nothing stopping anyone from 
creating another WG, assuming the work warrants it.  And again, the 
output is experimental docs.  No standardization choices are being made.

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Ross Callon wrote:
> In order to make an ID/Loc split work on an Internet-wide ubiquitous
> scale, we need very good solutions and/or greater understanding to some
> hard questions such as what will be the granularity of the mapping
> function (how large will the mapping table be and what granularity of
> prefix will be in it), how to do the mapping, how to do liveness
> detection, what the scaling properties of the mapping and liveness
> detection functions is likely to be, and what the manageability,
> security, and robustness implications are. I guess that while we are at
> it we need to figure out if there are other issues, such as MTU, that
> need consideration. 

I could not agree more, but, as others have noted, the LISP WG's purpose
is to split out the work of documenting the LISP protocols as
experimental. This does not preclude the needed research above from
happening in the IRTF.

A note on these issues might be useful to include in the LISP documents
under 'deployment considerations' or 'open issues'.

Joe
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Joe Touch <touch@ISI.EDU>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Joe,

> A note on these issues might be useful to include in the LISP documents
> under 'deployment considerations' or 'open issues'.

	Completely reasonable.

	Dave

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Subject: RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Dave:
 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID 
> > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves 
> > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context 
> > of a BoF. 
> 
> 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> 	been or are being standardized.
> 
> 	So my question to you is:
> 
> 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
>
> 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> 		(again, given your argument above)? 

Applying that approach (SCTP had foundations coming from outside IETF)
may work with relatively simpler problems/protocols. The level of
complexity of the task to reach a certain objective drives the approach.

In the present case, some of the main challenges are known beforehand
and they are certainly not limited yet to protocol implementation
specific aspects. One may certainly initiate a cycle of experiments
using experimental protocol specs together with a specific set of
eval.objective and criteria. This said, the approach in spiral
(LISPv1->experiment->analysis->LISPv2->  ...) works iff
proto-development takes these elements into account (otherwise any
experimentation is hardly useful as it will not deliver the expected
outcomes in order to make real progress) and outcomes/analysis are
documented accordingly before moving to the next iteration. 

Here, the problem in understanding stems because: LISP WG focus on
experimental specification to resolve only protocol engineering problems
leaving actual challenges outside of its own protocol work but at the
same time acknowledges that such experimentation are complementary to
achieve real progress on its own protocols. However, at this point in
time, I do not see how the protocol engineering problem can be decoupled
from the purpose of the experimental effort in spiral.

Hope this clarifies my concern,
-dimitri.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Meyer [mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net] 
> Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2009 5:18 PM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG as towhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 	Dimitri,
> 
> > The task consisting in discovering by experimentation 
> architectural fit
> > (wrt initial objectives) and complement understanding wrt known
> > challenges (mapping, caching, loc.reachability, impact on traffic
> > spatio-temporal properties) is very different in nature 
> than ensuring
> > interoperability among protocols, minimize operational impact, and
> > facilitate integration/deployability -> so requiring 
> different type of
> > efforts with different timelines. As a matter of fact, both types of
> > activities are still required imho. 
> > 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> imho to: can
> > we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> specifics leaving the
> > issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated 
> challenges
> > open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> > happen in the context of a BoF. 
> 
> 	The purpose of this WG would be to take the *LISP*
> 	documents to EXPERIMENTAL. That is what I had in mind
> 	when I wrote the charter, and I believe that it is pretty
> 	clear on this point. That is not to say it the charter
> 	can't be further tightened (I'm sure it can).
> 
> 	A you know, WGs need to be tightly focused, especially in
> 	the case of protocol groups. I'll grant you that my
> 	experience with WGs in the OPs area are somewhat more
> 	open-ended (at least mine have been), but it seems
> 	unlikely that an IETF WG could successfully produce both
> 	tight protocol specs and broad architectural surveys and
> 	analyzes. In fact, I can't think of a case in which this
> 	has been done in the IETF (perhaps there is one, but it
> 	doesn't readily come to mind). Add to that that LISP is
> 	clearly in an engineering and deployment phase, coupled
> 	with the fact that producing engineering specs what the
> 	IETF is good at (well, that is the IETF does), and one
> 	sees that finishing up the LISP specs in the IETF seems
> 	only natural.
> 
> 	That said, it is a fine thing for the RRG to continue to
> 	do what its doing, and further, the document you've been
> 	describing on the RRG list should continue to progress
> 	(IMO of course). In fact, these activities are completely
> 	complementary. So keep up the good work.
> 
> 	Just one point on your argument:
> 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> imho to: can
> > we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> specifics leaving the
> > issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated 
> challenges
> > open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> > happen in the context of a BoF. 
> 
> 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> 	been or are being standardized.
> 
> 	So my question to you is:
> 
> 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
> 
> 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> 		(again, given your argument above)? 
> 
> 
> 	Note that I'm not taking a stand on this either
> 	way. Rather, I'm just following the logic of your
> 	argument. 
> 
> 	Dave
> 
> 
> 
> 
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To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Dimitri,

> > > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down=20
> > > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s)=20
> > > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID=20
> > > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves=20
> > > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context=20
> > > of a BoF.=20
> >=20
> > 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> > 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> > 	been or are being standardized.
> >=20
> > 	So my question to you is:
> >=20
> > 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> > 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> > 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> > 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> > 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> > 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> > 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> > 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
> >
> > 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> > 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> > 		(again, given your argument above)?=20
>=20
> Applying that approach (SCTP had foundations coming from outside IETF)
> may work with relatively simpler problems/protocols. The level of
> complexity of the task to reach a certain objective drives the approach.

	Agreed that its complex, though you dismiss SCTP without
	explanation. In addition, I don't see the relevance of
	SCTP coming from outside the IETF. In any event, you
	might make the same claim for LISP (that its coming from
	outside the IETF).
=09
> In the present case, some of the main challenges are known beforehand
> and they are certainly not limited yet to protocol implementation
> specific aspects. One may certainly initiate a cycle of experiments
> using experimental protocol specs together with a specific set of
> eval.objective and criteria. This said, the approach in spiral
> (LISPv1->experiment->analysis->LISPv2->  ...) works iff
> proto-development takes these elements into account (otherwise any
> experimentation is hardly useful as it will not deliver the expected
> outcomes in order to make real progress) and outcomes/analysis are
> documented accordingly before moving to the next iteration.=20
>
> Here, the problem in understanding stems because: LISP WG focus on
> experimental specification to resolve only protocol engineering problems
> leaving actual challenges outside of its own protocol work but at the
> same time acknowledges that such experimentation are complementary to
> achieve real progress on its own protocols. However, at this point in
> time, I do not see how the protocol engineering problem can be decoupled
> from the purpose of the experimental effort in spiral.
>=20
> Hope this clarifies my concern,

	Not really. First, you didn't answer my question. Second,
	what you are arguing can be applied to say, OSPF (v1-n),
	EGP->BGP, ..... Essentially any protocol that has ever
	been rev'ed.

	Just to be clear: I understand the concern to further
	understand the properties of loc/id split. If fact, to
	the best of my knowledge no one in the current RRG cycle
	has written about this except for me and Darrel
	(draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt). That, however,
	shouldn't stop us from developing protocols. If it did,
	we'd never develop any protocol (since obviously the set
	of such questions is clearly *not* recursively
	enumerable).=20

	Finally, what happens if the properties you want to study
	are in some sense "emergent" (e.g., the Internet's
	heavy-tailed robustness-complexity curve). The point here
	is that you won't see those properties until you have a
	system to study, so in our case (the Internet) the
	approach you are advocating would not have revealed the
	deepest and most fundamental (and hence most interesting)
	properties of "the architecture" (check out=20
	http://www.cds.caltech.edu/~doyle/SFI_robustness/rigor_robust.htm
	or any of Doyle's work on this topic).

	Dave

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Subject: RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org David:

> > > > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> > > > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> > > > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID 
> > > > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves 
> > > > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context 
> > > > of a BoF. 
> > > 
> > > 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> > > 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> > > 	been or are being standardized.
> > > 
> > > 	So my question to you is:
> > > 
> > > 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> > > 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> > > 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> > > 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> > > 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> > > 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> > > 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> > > 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
> > >
> > > 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> > > 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> > > 		(again, given your argument above)? 
> > 
> > Applying that approach (SCTP had foundations coming from 
> outside IETF)
> > may work with relatively simpler problems/protocols. The level of
> > complexity of the task to reach a certain objective drives 
> the approach.
>
> 	Agreed that its complex, though you dismiss SCTP without
> 	explanation. 

I mean for SCTP the base work was already done when protocol was
translated in the IP world. SCTP follows the path described by D.Thaler
in the IAB doc. "What Makes For a Successful Protocol?"
 
>     In addition, I don't see the relevance of
> 	SCTP coming from outside the IETF. In any event, you
> 	might make the same claim for LISP (that its coming from
> 	outside the IETF).
>
> > In the present case, some of the main challenges are known 
> beforehand
> > and they are certainly not limited yet to protocol implementation
> > specific aspects. One may certainly initiate a cycle of experiments
> > using experimental protocol specs together with a specific set of
> > eval.objective and criteria. This said, the approach in spiral
> > (LISPv1->experiment->analysis->LISPv2->  ...) works iff
> > proto-development takes these elements into account (otherwise any
> > experimentation is hardly useful as it will not deliver the expected
> > outcomes in order to make real progress) and outcomes/analysis are
> > documented accordingly before moving to the next iteration. 
> >
> > Here, the problem in understanding stems because: LISP WG focus on
> > experimental specification to resolve only protocol 
> engineering problems
> > leaving actual challenges outside of its own protocol work 
> but at the
> > same time acknowledges that such experimentation are 
> complementary to
> > achieve real progress on its own protocols. However, at 
> this point in
> > time, I do not see how the protocol engineering problem can 
> be decoupled
> > from the purpose of the experimental effort in spiral.
> > 
> > Hope this clarifies my concern,
> 
> 	Not really. First, you didn't answer my question. 

Your question is: does one size (of approach) fits all and the answer is
no. Indeed, these situations can not be compared (SHIM6 is a WG whereas
HIP is a WG and a RG) but none did intend to address the Internet
routing system scalability. If my answer yes they should have been
chartered it does not provide any element for answering the present
question.

>     Second,
> 	what you are arguing can be applied to say, OSPF (v1-n),
> 	EGP->BGP, ..... Essentially any protocol that has ever
> 	been rev'ed.

Indeed. This is what i had in mind as example but there is a main
difference: BGPv1 has been released in 1989 and progressed together with
the growth of the Internet until reaching BGPv4. The
conditions/environment is thus different but one thing remains multiple
iterations will be needed.

> 	Just to be clear: I understand the concern to further
> 	understand the properties of loc/id split. If fact, to
> 	the best of my knowledge no one in the current RRG cycle
> 	has written about this except for me and Darrel
> 	(draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt). That, however,
> 	shouldn't stop us from developing protocols. If it did,
> 	we'd never develop any protocol (since obviously the set
> 	of such questions is clearly *not* recursively
> 	enumerable). 

Work on cache-based mapping is ongoing, and there is still open work for
mapping system itself (any reason for instance why you consider ALT as
the only mapping distribution technique ?) to a name a few whereas there
is no outcome yet for what it concerns impact on spatio-temporal traffic
properties. All these "uncertainties" are left outside the design space
- at least as the charter translates it -   

> 	Finally, what happens if the properties you want to study
> 	are in some sense "emergent" (e.g., the Internet's
> 	heavy-tailed robustness-complexity curve). The point here
> 	is that you won't see those properties until you have a
> 	system to study, so in our case (the Internet) the
> 	approach you are advocating would not have revealed the
> 	deepest and most fundamental (and hence most interesting)
> 	properties of "the architecture" (check out 
> 	
> http://www.cds.caltech.edu/~doyle/SFI_robustness/rigor_robust.htm
> 	or any of Doyle's work on this topic).

Uncertainties are intrinsically part of the experimental work: this
reference states "robust to known and designed-for uncertainties".
Paraphrasing that statement it seems the LISP charter does not leave
room for addressing uncertainties (e.g. mapping system consider only ALT
so only ALT could be experimented) - a BoF session should clarify why
this is the case -

Thanks,
-dimitri.

> 	Dave
> 
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To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Hey Dimitri,

> Uncertainties are intrinsically part of the experimental work: this
> reference states "robust to known and designed-for uncertainties".

	Right, this is RYF (Robust Yet Fragile) behavior...see
	the second Eugene NANOG t-shirt (the black one) :-)=20

> Paraphrasing that statement it seems the LISP charter does not leave
> room for addressing uncertainties (e.g. mapping system consider only ALT
> so only ALT could be experimented) - a BoF session should clarify why
> this is the case -

	Not sure I follow. Of course we want to wind up with a
	solid ALT spec, but the charter states that "The working
	group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
	implementations as well as defining requirements for
	alternate mapping systems." IMO this admits the
	specification for other mapping systems. Good ideas
	always welcome.

	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
=20
          ... =20
	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
	  2007 seems unlikely.


	Dave



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Subject: RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
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David:

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Meyer [mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net] 
> Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2009 1:02 AM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG astowhetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 	Hey Dimitri,
> 
> > Uncertainties are intrinsically part of the experimental work: this
> > reference states "robust to known and designed-for uncertainties".
> 
> 	Right, this is RYF (Robust Yet Fragile) behavior...see
> 	the second Eugene NANOG t-shirt (the black one) :-) 
>
> > Paraphrasing that statement it seems the LISP charter does not leave
> > room for addressing uncertainties (e.g. mapping system 
> consider only ALT
> > so only ALT could be experimented) - a BoF session should 
> clarify why
> > this is the case -
> 
> 	Not sure I follow. Of course we want to wind up with a
> 	solid ALT spec, but the charter states that "The working
> 	group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> 	implementations as well as defining requirements for
> 	alternate mapping systems." IMO this admits the
> 	specification for other mapping systems. Good ideas
> 	always welcome.
>
> 	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
>  
>           ...  
> 	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
> 	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
> 	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
> 	  2007 seems unlikely.

No one stated that the BoF will resolve the issues/challenges themselves
- a BoF is the place to discuss what the charter can include as work
items to achieve objectives (that are not limited to the design of the
protocol specifics). 

These items are centered around the initial design goals that lead to
this effort and how LISP after experimental work will address them. I
suggest to have at least an item in the LISP charter that takes the RRG
design goals as outline and for each of the goals documents how LISP
protocol addresses them.

Thanks,
-dimitri.


  



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Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2009 10:18:30 +1300
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
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To: Ross Callon <rcallon@juniper.net>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org, Eliot Lear <lear@cisco.com>, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Hi Ross,

It seems to me that you and Dimitri are talking about things that
the RRG should be doing as it moves towards conclusions. I don't see
why they would be in scope for an IETF LISP WG, where we would ask
for a tight and achievable focus.

Obviously there's a risk in chartering a LISP WG now: that the RRG will
come out with a significantly different recommendation at some date
in the future. The IESG can decide to take that risk if it likes.
But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea that a BOF could
resolve in a couple of hours the issues that the RRG has been discussing
since early 2007 seems unlikely.

   Brian

On 2009-01-22 05:26, Ross Callon wrote:
> In order to make an ID/Loc split work on an Internet-wide ubiquitous
> scale, we need very good solutions and/or greater understanding to some
> hard questions such as what will be the granularity of the mapping
> function (how large will the mapping table be and what granularity of
> prefix will be in it), how to do the mapping, how to do liveness
> detection, what the scaling properties of the mapping and liveness
> detection functions is likely to be, and what the manageability,
> security, and robustness implications are. I guess that while we are at
> it we need to figure out if there are other issues, such as MTU, that
> need consideration. 
> 
> If you want to do experimentation on a moderate scale, then answers to
> these questions are not strictly needed. 
> 
> I didn't see any of these "hard issues" explicitly mentioned in the
> proposed charter (although there is mention of "the LISP+ALT mapping
> system"). Is this because the effort is intended to be focused on the
> shorter term experimentation efforts (including experimental protocol
> specs that allow the immediate experiments to occur), for which these
> hard issues do not need to be answered? 
> 
> Thanks, Ross
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: lisp-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:lisp-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> Eliot Lear
> Sent: 21 January 2009 08:56
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org; routing-discussion@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG
> as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> On 1/21/09 2:12 PM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
>> All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively oriented toward
>> LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:
>>    
> Right.  This is a LISP WG.  There is nothing stopping anyone from 
> creating another WG, assuming the work warrants it.  And again, the 
> output is experimental docs.  No standardization choices are being made.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
> _______________________________________________
> Int-area mailing list
> Int-area@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area
> 
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Hi,

Sorry for being a bit late to this discussion (day job and other  
realities intruding), but having had a small role in the Dublin BOF, I  
don't think it likely (in the extreme) there would be significant  
benefit from having a second BOF.  I'd like to second Dave's seconding  
of Brain's statement:

On Jan 21, 2009, at 4:02 PM, David Meyer wrote:
> 	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
>
>          ...
> 	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
> 	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
> 	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
> 	  2007 seems unlikely.

I'd actually go a bit further and suggest that any attempt by any  
group to resolve the issues the RRG has been discussing (or any of the  
various other discussions that occurred prior to RRG taking this on)  
as a pre-requisite for creating a working group to standardize an  
experimental protocol in this space would be equivalent to declaring  
no protocol in this space will _ever_ be standardized.

LISP is _an_ approach towards routing scalability.  It is not the only  
one.  Standardizing the experimental protocol would allow folks  
interested in routing scalability to explore one or two axes of the  
possible solution space.  To be honest, I'm unclear as to why there is  
even a question as to whether a WG should be created...

Regards,
-drc

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so the they show up separated by hours, it gets very confusing.  Thanks.

	Noel
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org On 1/22/09 12:48 AM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
>
> Your question is: does one size (of approach) fits all and the answer is
> no. Indeed, these situations can not be compared (SHIM6 is a WG whereas
> HIP is a WG and a RG) but none did intend to address the Internet
> routing system scalability.

It's not entirely so.  The routing system was clearly in peoples' minds 
when HIP was in its early stages.  Bob Moskowitz was involved in the 
Name Space Research Group (NSRG) back when it existed, and as a co-chair 
of that group I was asked to comment on the chartering on both HIP 
groups.  The NSRG looked at HIP in the light of route scalability.  This 
was one reason that Mike O'Dell (author of 8+8) was interested.

Was there was any alternative propose to HIP at the host level as a 
layer 3.5 mechanism?   That is really where SHIM6 comes in, which as I 
recall was an outgrowth of MULTI6 and Tony Li's early proposal on NOID.  
Bob Braden, John Wrocklawski (?), et al argued at one point (and I'm 
sorry I don't have the cite) that we have all the names we need in the 
IP stack.  Both NOID and SHIM6 were, at least in part, evolutions on 
that notion, and a nameless (stack-wise) alternative to HIP.

And so while I agree with your high level point that one size does not 
fit all, I would say that the policy here as I understand it from Jari 
is simply that he will not favor one proposal over another and he will 
not short circuit the RRG process, while at the same time he will 
provide a venue for work where there is sufficient interest to mature 
the specifications through community involvement.

Eliot
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Subject: RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESGastowhether	aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2009 10:52:37 +0100
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Thread-Topic: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESGastowhether	aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "David Conrad" <drc@virtualized.org>, "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org david:

> LISP is _an_ approach towards routing scalability.

providing it does not transpose the scalability problem at another level
e.g mapping system (including at the edge TR), this point is related to
the granularity of the mapping function and the EID/RLOC space ratio.
also, the data-driven behaviour of LISP - its dynamics is driven by the
spatio-temporal characteristics of the traffic and not only the prefix
reachability (as in existing routing system) - adds dependencies to the
"equation" of routing system design.   

=> i would be less affirmative in making such statement -a priori-. in
order to consolidate our understanding, the charter should include an
item on how LISP addresses routing scalability and other design goals
(at least as much as the experiment result allows). this would at the
same time close the loop with part of the RRG work. 

thanks,
-dimitri.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: int-area-bounces@ietf.org 
> [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of David Conrad
> Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2009 1:44 AM
> To: David Meyer
> Cc: int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org; routing-discussion@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESGastowhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Sorry for being a bit late to this discussion (day job and other  
> realities intruding), but having had a small role in the 
> Dublin BOF, I  
> don't think it likely (in the extreme) there would be significant  
> benefit from having a second BOF.  I'd like to second Dave's 
> seconding  
> of Brain's statement:
> 
> On Jan 21, 2009, at 4:02 PM, David Meyer wrote:
> > 	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
> >
> >          ...
> > 	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
> > 	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
> > 	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
> > 	  2007 seems unlikely.
> 
> I'd actually go a bit further and suggest that any attempt by any  
> group to resolve the issues the RRG has been discussing (or 
> any of the  
> various other discussions that occurred prior to RRG taking this on)  
> as a pre-requisite for creating a working group to standardize an  
> experimental protocol in this space would be equivalent to declaring  
> no protocol in this space will _ever_ be standardized.
> 
> LISP is _an_ approach towards routing scalability.  It is not 
> the only  
> one.  Standardizing the experimental protocol would allow folks  
> interested in routing scalability to explore one or two axes of the  
> possible solution space.  To be honest, I'm unclear as to why 
> there is  
> even a question as to whether a WG should be created...
> 
> Regards,
> -drc
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> Int-area@ietf.org
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> 
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To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
Subject: Proposed rule for adding charter milestones [was Re: [Int-area] Please....]
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	Dimitri,

> =3D> i would be less affirmative in making such statement -a priori-. in
> order to consolidate our understanding, the charter should include an
> item on how LISP addresses routing scalability and other design goals
> (at least as much as the experiment result allows). this would at the
> same time close the loop with part of the RRG work.=20

	This is the second or third time you've said this, so I
	feel the need to respond.=20

	So here's how I would like to see this go (i.e., here's
	the rule I want for these cases):

	Rule:	Anyone suggesting a charter milestone item must
		agree to the the following conditions:  =20

		(i).   You (or your agent) must commit to write the
		       document that fulfils the proposed
		       milestone, and=20

		(ii).  If you (or your agent) defaults on the
		       commitment described in (i). above, that
		       is, if the document is not delivered in a
		       timely fashion (where timely is defined by
		       the charter milestone), the charter
		       milestone will be removed and rechartering
		       the WG is *not* necessary, and  =20

	        (iii). The authorative AD(s) must also agree to
		       these conditions. =20

	Now, I don't know if a WG/BOF/proposer/chair can
	articulate such a rule, but then, in the IETF rules are
	made up as we go along, so why not (its not as if the
	IETF is a legal (or even quasi-legal) system after all)?
	In any event, I will say that without such a rule,
	arbitrary milestones (constructed for whatever reason)
	can be injected into the charter, and clearly, no one
	wants that.

	In the case of the document you are proposing (I think
	its a document, correct me if I'm wrong), if you (or your
	agent) commit to the above conditions, and if the
	document you propose does not hold up/gate any other WG
	document (i.e., no other WG document can have a normative
	reference to this this document), I see no reason not to
	add such an item. Otherwise, I would be reluctant to add
	such a milestone.

	Dave

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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Charters should not include applicability statements themselves, IMO. If
you want to add the generation of such a document, that seems fair.

Joe

David Meyer wrote:
> 	Dimitri,
> 
>> => i would be less affirmative in making such statement -a priori-. in
>> order to consolidate our understanding, the charter should include an
>> item on how LISP addresses routing scalability and other design goals
>> (at least as much as the experiment result allows). this would at the
>> same time close the loop with part of the RRG work. 
> 
> 	This is the second or third time you've said this, so I
> 	feel the need to respond. 
> 
> 	So here's how I would like to see this go (i.e., here's
> 	the rule I want for these cases):
> 
> 	Rule:	Anyone suggesting a charter milestone item must
> 		agree to the the following conditions:   
> 
> 		(i).   You (or your agent) must commit to write the
> 		       document that fulfils the proposed
> 		       milestone, and 
> 
> 		(ii).  If you (or your agent) defaults on the
> 		       commitment described in (i). above, that
> 		       is, if the document is not delivered in a
> 		       timely fashion (where timely is defined by
> 		       the charter milestone), the charter
> 		       milestone will be removed and rechartering
> 		       the WG is *not* necessary, and   
> 
> 	        (iii). The authorative AD(s) must also agree to
> 		       these conditions.  
> 
> 	Now, I don't know if a WG/BOF/proposer/chair can
> 	articulate such a rule, but then, in the IETF rules are
> 	made up as we go along, so why not (its not as if the
> 	IETF is a legal (or even quasi-legal) system after all)?
> 	In any event, I will say that without such a rule,
> 	arbitrary milestones (constructed for whatever reason)
> 	can be injected into the charter, and clearly, no one
> 	wants that.
> 
> 	In the case of the document you are proposing (I think
> 	its a document, correct me if I'm wrong), if you (or your
> 	agent) commit to the above conditions, and if the
> 	document you propose does not hold up/gate any other WG
> 	document (i.e., no other WG document can have a normative
> 	reference to this this document), I see no reason not to
> 	add such an item. Otherwise, I would be reluctant to add
> 	such a milestone.
> 
> 	Dave
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Int-area mailing list
> Int-area@ietf.org
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Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2009 09:58:06 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Joe Touch <touch@ISI.EDU>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Proposed rule for adding charter milestones [was Re: Please....]
Message-ID: <20090122175806.GB13097@1-4-5.net>
References: <6039EE90-83C7-43CA-9D9D-02D6BBA5BD4F@virtualized.org> <00275A5B436CA441900CB10936742A3801A2E561@FRVELSMBS22.ad2.ad.alcatel.com> <20090122161219.GA10278@1-4-5.net> <4978A032.2040409@isi.edu>
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
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	Hey Joe,

	A couple of things. First, the below "rule" was a
	strawman. And of course, if the community of interest
	wants an item on the charter, consensus rules (at least
	that's the way I've always done approached charter
	writing, and I think we all agree on that one).

> Charters should not include applicability statements themselves, IMO. If
> you want to add the generation of such a document, that seems fair.

	Agreed, fair enough.

	Dave

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Subject: FW: Nominating Committee call for Internet and Routing AD Nominees 
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Thread-Topic: Nominating Committee call for Internet and Routing AD Nominees 
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-----Original Message-----
From: ietf-announce-bounces@ietf.org
[mailto:ietf-announce-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of NomCom Chair
Sent: 21 January 2009 17:34
To: IETF Announcement list
Subject: Nominating Committee call for Internet and Routing AD Nominees 

The nominating committee asks for your urgent assistance.
Please nominate additional individuals you think would be good folks to
consider for the Internet and Routing AD slots we are responsible for
filling.  
Nominations should be sent to nomcom08@ietf.org.
Nominations will be accepted through Friday, February 6, although the
sooner they are submitted the better, as nominees will not have very
long
to provide questionnaires to the committee.
Self nomination is permitted.

Thank you for your assistance,
Joel M. Halpern
IETF 2008 / 2009 nominating committee chair

PS: There is no need to resubmit nominations you are sure were submitted
earlier.  There is no harm in submitting one if you are not sure.
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Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2009 13:14:36 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: LISP agenda update
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	Folks,=20

	Dimitri and I had a conversation about his request for a
	agenda item on how LISP fits with draft-irtf-rrg-design-goals-01.=20

	The new agenda is included below. Comments please.

	Dave

---

LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-23

Chair(s):
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems. The Working Group will also develop security
profiles for the ALT and/or other mapping systems (presumably
using technology developed in the SIDR working group).

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

Jul 2010  Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
	  Experimental.=20

Jul 2010  Submit Recommendations on how LISP protocols (LISP base
          protocol, LISP+ALT mapping system, and LISP multicast)
	  address the Design Goals for Scalable Internet Routing [1].

Aug 2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20

[7]      T. Li, Ed., "Design Goals for Scalable Internet Routing",
         draft-irtf-rrg-design-goals-01, IRTF, July 2007.=20


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Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2009 13:23:59 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: s/agenda/charter/g [Re: LISP agenda update]
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	Sorry about that (and the noise).

	Dave

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Excerpts from David Meyer on Thu, Jan 22, 2009 01:14:36PM -0800:
> The Working Group will also develop security
> profiles for the ALT and/or other mapping systems (presumably
> using technology developed in the SIDR working group).

Technology developed in SIDR would only be applicable to certain
mapping systems.  I suggest:

  The Working Group will also develop security profiles for the ALT
  (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR working group)
  and/or other mapping systems.


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Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2009 13:31:14 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>, int-area@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Int-area] LISP agenda update
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> mapping systems.  I suggest:
>=20
>   The Working Group will also develop security profiles for the ALT
>   (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR working group)
>   and/or other mapping systems.

	Done.

	Dave

---
LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-22

Chair(s):
 Darrel Lewis <darlewis@cisco.com>
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems. The Working Group will also develop security
profiles for the ALT (presumably using technology developed in
the SIDR working group) and/or other mapping systems.

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

Jul 2010  Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
	  Experimental.=20

Jul 2010  Submit Recommendations on how LISP protocols (LISP base
          protocol, LISP+ALT mapping system, and LISP multicast)
	  address the Design Goals for Scalable Internet Routing [1].

Aug 2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20

[7]      T. Li, Ed., "Design Goals for Scalable Internet Routing",
         draft-irtf-rrg-design-goals-01, IRTF, July 2007.=20


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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Jari,

> I wanted to provide some background on this question.
> 
> As you recall, a BOF was held on EXPLISP in Dublin. In Minneapolis we 
> had a number of WGs and the RRG talk about LISP. Implementation and 
> small scale deployment is going on. The RRG is still continuing its 
> work, and they are looking at a number of different solutions, including 
> map-and-encap, translation, host changes, and combinations thereof. I do 
> not want to preempt the RRG's efforts and at this time we are NOT 
> considering any IETF standards in this area. We are, however, 
> potentially interested in working groups targeting experimental 
> specifications so that we can get more experience about the various 
> technical solutions, different people can build systems that work 
> together, etc. Some of you may be familiar with the HIP effort; they 
> also had a working group that produced experimental RFCs to complement 
> the more research oriented work in the IRTF HIP group.
> 
> My interpretation of the outcome of the first BOF was that the topic was 
> very interesting for the people in the room but that at the time they 
> felt it was more in research than IETF scope. There were also technical 
> debates. That being said, we did not spend enough time on the WG 
> formation question. So I did not view the results as final. 
> Nevertheless, several attempts were made in the autumn to create some 
> form of a subgroup in RRG to do this work. However, the proponents were 
> only interested in a working group.
> 
> So what is happening now is what we did with many other BOF efforts as 
> well. We got feedback in the BOF, there's been further discussion, and 
> work on various fronts has progressed. Its time to complete the 
> discussion about the fate of this effort. We need to see if additional 
> information or further changes can result in a WG proposal that is 
> acceptable to the community or not. If we can reach a decision on the 
> list, fine, if not I will reserve a second BOF slot for the discussion. 
> I am mindful of the fact that the list discussion may not reach quite 
> the same crowd as a f2f meeting, so unless we get a fairly strong signal 
> in the list we probably need to meet as well.
> 
> But back to the proposal. In particular, I would like to know how people 
> feel about this work being ready for an (Experimental) IETF WG, what the 
> scope should be, whether the charter is reasonable. And if not, what 
> would make it so.

The question to ask is whether LISP is an appropriate solution to
the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006 Routing and
Addressing Workshop.

In answering this question we need to keep in mind that such
techniques as (a) caching routing and forwarding information, (b)
use of separate mapping system for Loc/ID mapping, (c) relying on
probing for determining path feasibility are essential/fundamental
to LISP. In other words, these techniques form the foundation of
LISP. Concerns with scaling and operational properties of these
techniques have been raised many times before (both at the previous
BOF, as well as on the RRG mailing list). Yet the LISP proponents
still did not adequately address these concerns.

Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
a proof by an emphatic assertion.

Addressing these concerns does *not* require LISP protocol specs.
Addressing these concerns does *not* require experimentation with
LISP protocols either. Addressing these concerns does *not* require
interoperable LISP implementations. Therefore, forming a WG to "work
on the design on the LISP base protocol , the LISP+ALT mapping
system, LISP Interworking  and LISP multicast", and to "encourage
and support interoperable LISP implementations as well as defining
requirements for alternate mapping systems" (as was proposed in
Dave's e-mail) is *not* going to address these concerns.

Unless the concerns I mentioned above are adequately addressed,
LISP can not be accepted as a feasible/practical approach towards
routing scalability. Therefore, unless and until these concerns are
adequately addressed, it is totally premature to form LISP WG.

Yakov.
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To: Yakov Rekhter <yakov@juniper.net>
Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Yakov,

> In answering this question we need to keep in mind that such
> techniques as (a) caching routing and forwarding information, (b)
> use of separate mapping system for Loc/ID mapping, (c) relying on
> probing for determining path feasibility are essential/fundamental
> to LISP.

	(c) is clearly not fundemental to LISP.=20

	What is fundemental (IMO) to any Loc/ID split
	architecture is what have what we have termed the Locator
	Path Liveness problem. How that problem is solved is a
	matter for each architecture to consider.=20

	In particular, probing is a solution to the Locator Path
	Liveness problem, but as we know from shim6 (etc), the
	complexity of that isn't pretty. But then either is the
	O(n!) complexity of BGP path hunting. In any event, the
	space of potential solutions for map-and-encap schemes
	such as LISP (or eFIT, Ivip, etc) haven't been throughly
	explored. This is part of the reason why we think LISP
	should be EXPERIMENTAL.

> In other words, these techniques form the foundation of
> LISP.

	With respect to LISP and probing, that statement is
	incorrect.=20

	Dave

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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG asto whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 04:38:35PM -0800, Templin, Fred L wrote:
> Hi Dave,=20
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: David Meyer [mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net]=20
> > Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2009 4:05 PM
> > To: Yakov Rekhter
> > Cc: int-area@ietf.org; rrg; routing-discussion@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from=20
> > the IESG asto whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> >=20
> > 	Yakov,
> >=20
> > > In answering this question we need to keep in mind that such
> > > techniques as (a) caching routing and forwarding information, (b)
> > > use of separate mapping system for Loc/ID mapping, (c) relying on
> > > probing for determining path feasibility are essential/fundamental
> > > to LISP.
> >=20
> > 	(c) is clearly not fundemental to LISP.=20
> >=20
> > 	What is fundemental (IMO) to any Loc/ID split
> > 	architecture is what have what we have termed the Locator
> > 	Path Liveness problem. How that problem is solved is a
> > 	matter for each architecture to consider.=20
> >=20
> > 	In particular, probing is a solution to the Locator Path
> > 	Liveness problem, but as we know from shim6 (etc), the
> > 	complexity of that isn't pretty. But then either is the
> > 	O(n!) complexity of BGP path hunting. In any event, the
> > 	space of potential solutions for map-and-encap schemes
> > 	such as LISP (or eFIT, Ivip, etc) haven't been throughly
> > 	explored. This is part of the reason why we think LISP
> > 	should be EXPERIMENTAL.
>=20
> Not meaning to pick on you, but I don't understand why RANGER
> hasn't made it onto the "short list" of proposals yet; maybe
> you could answer that for me? AFAICT, RANGER is in the top-two
> map/encaps proposals in terms of technical completeness (maybe
> even the top-one) so can we have folks add it to their lists?

	Fred,

	No "picking" interpreted. You're right, and its my
	omission (and to be honest, you've been gracious enough
	to mention this to me privately several times).=20

	I'll be sure to add RANGER the list going forward.

	Consider it done.

	Dave

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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Dave,

Unless we're planning to scuttle the Internet and start from
scratch, IMHO it is inevitable that we will eventually need
some form of map-and-encaps. I don't believe that the solution
necessarily has to be LISP, but that is not intending to make
any statement wrt what you are trying to accomplish here.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org > In answering this question we need to keep in mind that such
> techniques as (a) caching routing and forwarding information, (b)
> use of separate mapping system for Loc/ID mapping, (c) relying on
> probing for determining path feasibility are essential/fundamental
> to LISP. In other words, these techniques form the foundation of
> LISP. Concerns with scaling and operational properties of these

Correction. LISP does not use probing. It isn't in the current spec  
and has never been documented. Just want to state the facts.

Dino


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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>, "Yakov Rekhter" <yakov@juniper.net>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Hi Dave, 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Meyer [mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net] 
> Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2009 4:05 PM
> To: Yakov Rekhter
> Cc: int-area@ietf.org; rrg; routing-discussion@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from 
> the IESG asto whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 	Yakov,
> 
> > In answering this question we need to keep in mind that such
> > techniques as (a) caching routing and forwarding information, (b)
> > use of separate mapping system for Loc/ID mapping, (c) relying on
> > probing for determining path feasibility are essential/fundamental
> > to LISP.
> 
> 	(c) is clearly not fundemental to LISP. 
> 
> 	What is fundemental (IMO) to any Loc/ID split
> 	architecture is what have what we have termed the Locator
> 	Path Liveness problem. How that problem is solved is a
> 	matter for each architecture to consider. 
> 
> 	In particular, probing is a solution to the Locator Path
> 	Liveness problem, but as we know from shim6 (etc), the
> 	complexity of that isn't pretty. But then either is the
> 	O(n!) complexity of BGP path hunting. In any event, the
> 	space of potential solutions for map-and-encap schemes
> 	such as LISP (or eFIT, Ivip, etc) haven't been throughly
> 	explored. This is part of the reason why we think LISP
> 	should be EXPERIMENTAL.

Not meaning to pick on you, but I don't understand why RANGER
hasn't made it onto the "short list" of proposals yet; maybe
you could answer that for me? AFAICT, RANGER is in the top-two
map/encaps proposals in terms of technical completeness (maybe
even the top-one) so can we have folks add it to their lists?

Thanks - Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

> > In other words, these techniques form the foundation of
> > LISP.
> 
> 	With respect to LISP and probing, that statement is
> 	incorrect. 
> 
> 	Dave
> 
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Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to  whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
From: Christopher Morrow <morrowc.lists@gmail.com>
To: Yakov Rekhter <yakov@juniper.net>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Sorry for jumping into the fray at this juncture, I missed Jari's
original message :(

On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 6:39 PM, Yakov Rekhter <yakov@juniper.net> wrote:
> Jari,
>
>> I wanted to provide some background on this question.
>>
>> As you recall, a BOF was held on EXPLISP in Dublin. In Minneapolis we
>> had a number of WGs and the RRG talk about LISP. Implementation and
>> small scale deployment is going on. The RRG is still continuing its
>> work, and they are looking at a number of different solutions, including
>> map-and-encap, translation, host changes, and combinations thereof. I do
>> not want to preempt the RRG's efforts and at this time we are NOT
>> considering any IETF standards in this area. We are, however,
>> potentially interested in working groups targeting experimental
>> specifications so that we can get more experience about the various
>> technical solutions, different people can build systems that work
>> together, etc. Some of you may be familiar with the HIP effort; they
>> also had a working group that produced experimental RFCs to complement
>> the more research oriented work in the IRTF HIP group.
>>

I think having a focused group that can work out some of the large
scale deployment, operations and design issues with this bit of
technology would be helpful. We have spent the better part of 2 years
(we == the community) working in the RRG and in side groups attempting
to design and test a new routing architecture. Putting that work into
an official spot, allowing it to work through issues and determine if
the design/plan will bare fruit, I think is a good thing.

>> My interpretation of the outcome of the first BOF was that the topic was
>> very interesting for the people in the room but that at the time they
>> felt it was more in research than IETF scope. There were also technical
>> debates. That being said, we did not spend enough time on the WG

in every WG meeting that this subject came up in both Dublin and
Minneapolis there was a great deal of interest, discussion and debate.
This, it seems to me, signals that there is interest in seeing how
this technology may work out for the community as a whole. I believe
this shows a WG would be helpful in containing the work and scope so a
result and direction can be determined.

>> formation question. So I did not view the results as final.
>> Nevertheless, several attempts were made in the autumn to create some
>> form of a subgroup in RRG to do this work. However, the proponents were
>> only interested in a working group.
>>
>> So what is happening now is what we did with many other BOF efforts as
>> well. We got feedback in the BOF, there's been further discussion, and
>> work on various fronts has progressed. Its time to complete the
>> discussion about the fate of this effort. We need to see if additional
>> information or further changes can result in a WG proposal that is
>> acceptable to the community or not. If we can reach a decision on the
>> list, fine, if not I will reserve a second BOF slot for the discussion.
>> I am mindful of the fact that the list discussion may not reach quite
>> the same crowd as a f2f meeting, so unless we get a fairly strong signal
>> in the list we probably need to meet as well.
>>
>> But back to the proposal. In particular, I would like to know how people
>> feel about this work being ready for an (Experimental) IETF WG, what the
>> scope should be, whether the charter is reasonable. And if not, what
>> would make it so.

I'd like to see an experimental wg, I think at least the scope could cover:
o fleshing out/finalizing the proposed LISP protocol suite
o working through and documenting some of the use cases and operations of LISP
o characterization of true scalability impact at current traffic rates

I think that 'LISP' is a might narrow though, there are other
map/encap solutions which may work as well. I'd like to see how
something like map/encap works, and if it shows itself to be helpful.

>
> The question to ask is whether LISP is an appropriate solution to
> the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006 Routing and
> Addressing Workshop.

Yakov,
I'm not sure there have been any other credible solutions aside from
'map/encap', this seems promising, though certainly it hasn't been
proven out in the way that v4 routing as we know it today has been.

Certainly there are use cases where there will be issues, certainly
there are ways to deal with these use cases. Without some direct
experimentation, thought about the problems and focus, we won't be
able to address these things. (we == community)

> In answering this question we need to keep in mind that such
> techniques as (a) caching routing and forwarding information, (b)
> use of separate mapping system for Loc/ID mapping, (c) relying on
> probing for determining path feasibility are essential/fundamental
> to LISP. In other words, these techniques form the foundation of
> LISP. Concerns with scaling and operational properties of these
> techniques have been raised many times before (both at the previous
> BOF, as well as on the RRG mailing list). Yet the LISP proponents
> still did not adequately address these concerns.

I thought they had addressed some of them, both on-list and in-person
at a few of the meetings. Perhaps some details were lacking?

> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
> a proof by an emphatic assertion.

I don't think anyone has said one thing or another is 'the solution',
I think so far 'a solution might be' has been used though. Without
some work, investigation and engineering I don't think we'll be much
further toward a solution in  another 2 years. I think it's important
to gain some experience with the options.

> Unless the concerns I mentioned above are adequately addressed,
> LISP can not be accepted as a feasible/practical approach towards
> routing scalability. Therefore, unless and until these concerns are
> adequately addressed, it is totally premature to form LISP WG.

we can't know if an approach is feasible/practical until we make an
honest attempt to work through both the engineering issues and the
operational issues... Did you have options we should also discuss?

-Chris
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Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as  towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
From: Christopher Morrow <morrowc.lists@gmail.com>
To: Xu Xiaohu <xuxh@huawei.com>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 10:29 PM, Xu Xiaohu <xuxh@huawei.com> wrote:
>
>> I think having a focused group that can work out some of the
>> large scale deployment, operations and design issues with
>> this bit of technology would be helpful.
>
> I agree.
>
>> I think that 'LISP' is a might narrow though, there are other
>> map/encap solutions which may work as well. I'd like to see
>> how something like map/encap works, and if it shows itself to
>> be helpful.
>
> Exactly. The to-be-formed WG should not only focus on LISP, but also focus
> on other map&encap solutions. Just as Yakov etc. pointed out, there are
> still some open issues in LISP need to be answered. If many different
> map&encaps solutions can be explored further simultaneously under this WG
> charter, we may find they are complementary and can be converged finally to
> form a successful short-term solution.

they might also feedback into RRG as inputs useful to the discussion
William's been putting together...
-Chris
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Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org     > From: Yakov Rekhter <yakov@juniper.net>

    > ... claiming that LISP is an appropriate solution to the problems
    > discussed at the IAB's October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop

Yakov, perhaps I'm confused, but I don't hear anyone claiming that LISP
should be 'anointed' as _the_ solution. In fact, it's explicitly being put
forward as an Experimental protocol.

What other path forward would you suggest for that work? Should LISP work not
be done in the IETF at all, but rather as a closed, private, outside effort?

        Noel
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Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org     > From: Xu Xiaohu <xuxh@huawei.com>

    > The to-be-formed WG should not only focus on LISP, but also focus on
    > other map&encap solutions.

The problem is that if you diffuse the WG focus like this, it will slow
things down. The IETF practise in the past has been, when there are multiple
protocols which overlap in functionality, to do each one in a separate WG
precisely so each can focus on their own protocol.

        Noel
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From: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>
To: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG asto whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Excerpts from Templin, Fred L on Thu, Jan 22, 2009 04:38:35PM -0800:
> Not meaning to pick on you, but I don't understand why RANGER
> hasn't made it onto the "short list" of proposals yet; maybe
> you could answer that for me? AFAICT, RANGER is in the top-two
> map/encaps proposals in terms of technical completeness (maybe
> even the top-one) so can we have folks add it to their lists?
> 
> Thanks - Fred
> fred.l.templin@boeing.com

To start with, could we pick one list to discuss RANGER on?  How about
RRG?  Fred?
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Scott Brim" <swb@employees.org>
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Errors-To: routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org Hi Scott, 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Scott Brim [mailto:swb@employees.org] 
> Sent: Friday, January 23, 2009 7:25 AM
> To: Templin, Fred L
> Cc: David Meyer; Yakov Rekhter; rrg; int-area@ietf.org; 
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from 
> the IESG astowhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> Excerpts from Templin, Fred L on Thu, Jan 22, 2009 04:38:35PM -0800:
> > Not meaning to pick on you, but I don't understand why RANGER
> > hasn't made it onto the "short list" of proposals yet; maybe
> > you could answer that for me? AFAICT, RANGER is in the top-two
> > map/encaps proposals in terms of technical completeness (maybe
> > even the top-one) so can we have folks add it to their lists?
> > 
> > Thanks - Fred
> > fred.l.templin@boeing.com
> 
> To start with, could we pick one list to discuss RANGER on?  How about
> RRG?  Fred?

My leaning would be toward int-area based on the maturiy of
the specs. I already have a head start on running code:

http://osprey67.com/vet/
http://osprey67.com/seal/

but this is an excellent opportunity for linux, *BSD, etc.
enthusiasts who might be interested in developing independent
implementations (commercial vendor implementations are also
welcome).

Thanks - Fred
fred.l.templin
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>   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be considered a
>   potentially practical solution.  Some of these problems require

LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let me point out that every  
design has fundamental problems. At this scale, it's very hard to be  
perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so many times, the hard  
decisions must be made to incrementally deploy this. So things might  
not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you got to do what you got  
to do. Else, this will all be academic.

We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not lip  
service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the Internet,  
this is serious.

I want to address each of your 7 points below. I have cc'ed the lisp@ietf.org 
  mailing list so the folks who want to focus on details of LISP can  
see this thread.

> 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.  This is either
>    due to sending the packets along the ALT network (which takes
>    time and involves sending substantial volumes of data packets
>    over the ALT network, rather than just mapping requests) or to
>    sending mapping requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
>    response before it attempts to send traffic packets.

We have a memory/bandwidth tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design  
call. I'd rather have mappings cached and timed out so they can be  
updated when they need to then to hold all the possible mappings for  
the Internet in an ITR.

There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all possible  
mappings or you fetch them when you need them.

>    According to: http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
>    & 11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
>    packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we think
>    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough potential adopters
>    would - and therefore make it difficult or impossible for LISP or
>    any other such solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
>    routing scaling problem.

Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based bridged network with  
basically the same properties. First packet loss is not persistent  
when you look at all the traffic that originates from a source site to  
another destination site.

The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the host, you  
could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is available. Guess  
what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get the DNS Reply. ;-) I  
wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host needs an address to make  
the connection, we can say it also needs a locator to make a connection.

The design choice of LISP *is to just change software in CPE devices*  
to get the feature of decoupling rather than changing all the hosts at  
a site. That's a huge deployment advantage. So these CPE devices get  
packets before they have mappings. We don't even want to consider a  
host to CPE router signaling protocol and all it's complexities to  
solve this and to keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop  
on DNS, SIP, or any other protocol that can give us a hint on where  
the host is about to send a packet.

So the cost is *either* first packet loss or sending the packet on the  
ALT using it as a request for a mapping.

> 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
>      http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
>      http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
>
>      [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.  Could
>       be partially solved by more meshiness, but that would greatly
>       increase the complexity of the network and so raise more
>       scaling problems.]

Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So it's not really  
*another* problem.

> 3 - Problems creating a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
>    speed the flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
>    making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
>    tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it is
>    an obvious problem.

If we can do this with BGP, which we have decades of existence proof  
why can't we do this with a tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be  
rehomed much quicker and easily than physical links and boxes we have  
to do with today, allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the  
ALT network, and 2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust  
connectivity below the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will  
be less route-flaps for EID-prefixes.

I think it's the complete opposite of what you claim. I think BGP will  
be more stable and scalable then the underlying BGP. Plus, what we  
propose for the use-case of BGP uses quite a few features of it.  
Recall this is eBGP over GRE.

We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness of  
nodes on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a Map- 
Request takes on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we  
can see the diameter of the tunnel. Not only do we have a solution but  
we use existing rudimentary tools for management.

And the address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT  
topology. And if the Registries are involved in managing part of this  
ALT network (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this  
consistent relationship.

Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge Robin.

There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have secured  
the ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for routing use.  
In fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the ALT to be  
verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying BGP.

And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2 address- 
families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That means we  
can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk to each other.

If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you could talk  
to the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty huge feature.

This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs, no CGNS, and  
no applications breaking.

> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html

Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do  
not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them. The  
decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the  
ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you  
get your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain  
would only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's  
leave mobile ASes out of this for now).

> 5 - Path MTU Discovery problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
>    others discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
>    proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
>    they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no problem.

In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe two proposed  
solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The stateful  
creates no new table data structures but requires storing an addition  
2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.

> 6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html

You cannot fault a technical design for a business case. A PTR is  
solving a technical problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI  
type routes out of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just  
way too high in opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.

And on the contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect  
providers, registries, third-parties and even governments will provide  
PTR services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that  
remains to be seen.

> 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of ITRs each
>    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise, one ITR probing
>    reachability to many ETRs - this is one view of the "Locator Path
>    Liveness Problem" of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
>    http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html

That is not in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)

Dave and Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing  
can be. They do not take a position whether it should go into any  
proposal. They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may  
result and can be an interpretation to not do probing at all.

Like I mentioned in a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the  
question if an ITR *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there  
*may* be a path failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*.  
Please note my very fine qualifications.

If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a  
host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't  
happen today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't  
last long *and* rerouting actually works quite well.

Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The  
fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".

What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP  
Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are  
filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to  
packet sources.

>> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
>> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
>> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
>> a proof by an emphatic assertion.
>
> I agree entirely.
>
> I believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
> by participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.

We were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So  
the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be presented  
in RRG.

As for the engineering issues, the real details and bits and bytes, we  
want a forum to discuss and work out issues in an open forum. I've  
been going to IETF for 20 years now, that forum is called a working  
group.

The working group doesn't have to standardize what it is working on.  
And the charter and the numerous requests we have made requests *for  
an experimental working group*.

> Experiments won't help solve most of these problems.  I am not
> against experimentation and I think it is great that there is a LISP
> experimental network.
>
> However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
> code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
> implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental problems.

There is constant implementation feedback back into the design.  
Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start with  
something you think can hold together, you try things out, you refine,  
you revisit design, you go forward with implementation. That's the  
process of *detailed* engineering.

For the old timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.

Sorry for the long email,
Dino

_______________________________________________
routing-discussion mailing list
routing-discussion@ietf.org
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Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 12:19:52 EST
Subject: Re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a ...
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=20
Dino,
Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?
=20
Heiner
=20
=20
In einer eMail vom 24.01.2009 20:51:53 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit schreibt=
 =20
dino@cisco.com:

>   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be  considered a
>   potentially practical solution.  Some of  these problems require

LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let  me point out that every =20
design has fundamental problems. At this  scale, it's very hard to be =20
perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so  many times, the hard =20
decisions must be made to incrementally deploy  this. So things might =20
not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you  got to do what you got =20
to do. Else, this will all be  academic.

We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not  lip =20
service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the  Internet, =20
this is serious.

I want to address each of your 7  points below. I have cc'ed the=20
lisp@ietf.org=20
mailing list so the  folks who want to focus on details of LISP can =20
see this  thread.

> 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.   This is either
>    due to sending the packets along the ALT  network (which takes
>    time and involves sending  substantial volumes of data packets
>    over the ALT network,  rather than just mapping requests) or to
>    sending mapping  requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
>    response  before it attempts to send traffic packets.

We have a memory/bandwidth  tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design =20
call. I'd rather have  mappings cached and timed out so they can be =20
updated when they need  to then to hold all the possible mappings for =20
the Internet in an  ITR.

There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all  possible =20
mappings or you fetch them when you need  them.

>    According to:  http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
>    &  11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
>     packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we  think
>    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough  potential adopters
>    would - and therefore make it  difficult or impossible for LISP or
>    any other such  solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
>    routing  scaling problem.

Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based  bridged network with =20
basically the same properties. First packet  loss is not persistent =20
when you look at all the traffic that  originates from a source site to =20
another destination  site.

The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the  host, you =20
could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is  available. Guess =20
what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get  the DNS Reply. ;-) I =20
wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host  needs an address to make =20
the connection, we can say it also needs a  locator to make a connection.

The design choice of LISP *is to just  change software in CPE devices* =20
to get the feature of decoupling  rather than changing all the hosts at =20
a site. That's a huge  deployment advantage. So these CPE devices get =20
packets before they  have mappings. We don't even want to consider a =20
host to CPE router  signaling protocol and all it's complexities to =20
solve this and to  keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop =20
on DNS, SIP, or  any other protocol that can give us a hint on where =20
the host is  about to send a packet.

So the cost is *either* first packet loss or  sending the packet on the =20
ALT using it as a request for a  mapping.

> 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
>     http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
>       http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
>
>   [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.   Could
>       be partially solved by more meshiness,  but that would greatly
>       increase the  complexity of the network and so raise more
>        scaling problems.]

Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So  it's not really =20
*another* problem.

> 3 - Problems creating  a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
>    speed the  flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
>     making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
>   tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it  is
>    an obvious problem.

If we can do this with BGP,  which we have decades of existence proof =20
why can't we do this with a  tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be =20
rehomed much quicker and  easily than physical links and boxes we have =20
to do with today,  allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the =20
ALT network, and  2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust =20
connectivity below  the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will =20
be less  route-flaps for EID-prefixes.

I think it's the complete opposite of  what you claim. I think BGP will =20
be more stable and scalable then  the underlying BGP. Plus, what we =20
propose for the use-case of BGP  uses quite a few features of it. =20
Recall this is eBGP over  GRE.

We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness  of =20
nodes on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a Map- =20
Request takes on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we  =20
can see the diameter of the tunnel. Not only do we have a solution  but =20
we use existing rudimentary tools for management.

And the  address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT =20
topology. And  if the Registries are involved in managing part of this =20
ALT network  (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this =20
consistent  relationship.

Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge  Robin.

There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have  secured =20
the ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for  routing use. =20
In fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the  ALT to be =20
verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying  BGP.

And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2  address-=20
families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That  means we =20
can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk to  each other.

If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you  could talk =20
to the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty  huge feature.

This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs,  no CGNS, and =20
no applications breaking.

> 4 - LISP-ALT's  Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>    This is  Christian Vogt's critique:
>     http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html

Not true. Aggregation here  is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do =20
not carry EID-prefixes  in their cores so you don't depend on them. The =20
decoupling of the  address creates this. The dependence is now on the =20
ALT. And if your  site resides in a specific region of the world, you =20
get your  EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain =20
would  only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's =20
leave  mobile ASes out of this for now).

> 5 - Path MTU Discovery  problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
>    others  discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
>     proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
>   they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no  problem.

In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe two  proposed =20
solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The  stateful =20
creates no new table data structures but requires storing  an addition =20
2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.

>  6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
>   http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html

You cannot fault a  technical design for a business case. A PTR is =20
solving a technical  problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI =20
type routes out  of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just =20
way too high in  opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.

And on the  contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect =20
providers,  registries, third-parties and even governments will provide =20
PTR  services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that =20
remains  to be seen.

> 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of  ITRs each
>    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise,  one ITR probing
>    reachability to many ETRs - this is one  view of the "Locator Path
>    Liveness Problem" of  draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
>     http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html

That is not  in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)

Dave and  Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing =20
can be.  They do not take a position whether it should go into any =20
proposal.  They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may =20
result and  can be an interpretation to not do probing at all.

Like I mentioned in  a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the =20
question if an ITR  *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there =20
*may* be a path  failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*. =20
Please note my  very fine qualifications.

If we want to solve this problem, we could do  this today by having a =20
host switch it's TCP connection to another A  record. This doesn't =20
happen today because people deal with packet  loss, since it doesn't =20
last long *and* rerouting actually works  quite well.

Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget  it, "The =20
fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest  feature".

What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending  ICMP =20
Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they  are =20
filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures  close to =20
packet sources.

>> Unless these concerns are  adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
>> is an appropriate  solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
>> October 2006  Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
>> a proof by an  emphatic assertion.
>
> I agree entirely.
>
> I  believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
> by  participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.

We  were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So  =20
the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be  presented =20
in RRG.

As for the engineering issues, the real  details and bits and bytes, we =20
want a forum to discuss and work out  issues in an open forum. I've =20
been going to IETF for 20 years now,  that forum is called a working =20
group.

The working group  doesn't have to standardize what it is working on. =20
And the charter  and the numerous requests we have made requests *for =20
an experimental  working group*.

> Experiments won't help solve most of these  problems.  I am not
> against experimentation and I think it is  great that there is a LISP
> experimental network.
>
>  However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
>  code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
>  implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental  problems.

There is constant implementation feedback back into the  design. =20
Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start  with =20
something you think can hold together, you try things out, you  refine, =20
you revisit design, you go forward with implementation.  That's the =20
process of *detailed* engineering.

For the old  timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.

Sorry for the  long  email,
Dino

_______________________________________________
rrg  mailing  list
rrg@irtf.org
http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg





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<DIV>
<DIV>Dino,</DIV>
<DIV>Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Heiner</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>In einer eMail vom 24.01.2009 20:51:53 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit sch=
reibt=20
dino@cisco.com:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; LISP has too many fundamental problems to be=20
  considered a<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; potentially practical solution.&nbsp; Som=
e of=20
  these problems require<BR><BR>LISP is not perfect and still evolving but l=
et=20
  me point out that every&nbsp; <BR>design has fundamental problems. At this=
=20
  scale, it's very hard to be&nbsp; <BR>perfect Robin. And as Noel has state=
d so=20
  many times, the hard&nbsp; <BR>decisions must be made to incrementally dep=
loy=20
  this. So things might&nbsp; <BR>not look pretty on the surface, but jeez,=20=
you=20
  got to do what you got&nbsp; <BR>to do. Else, this will all be=20
  academic.<BR><BR>We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is=20=
not=20
  lip&nbsp; <BR>service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the=20
  Internet,&nbsp; <BR>this is serious.<BR><BR>I want to address each of your=
 7=20
  points below. I have cc'ed the lisp@ietf.org <BR>&nbsp; mailing list so th=
e=20
  folks who want to focus on details of LISP can&nbsp; <BR>see this=20
  thread.<BR><BR>&gt; 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.&nb=
sp;=20
  This is either<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; due to sending the packets along the A=
LT=20
  network (which takes<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; time and involves sending=20
  substantial volumes of data packets<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; over the ALT netw=
ork,=20
  rather than just mapping requests) or to<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; sending mapp=
ing=20
  requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; respo=
nse=20
  before it attempts to send traffic packets.<BR><BR>We have a memory/bandwi=
dth=20
  tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design&nbsp; <BR>call. I'd rather have=
=20
  mappings cached and timed out so they can be&nbsp; <BR>updated when they n=
eed=20
  to then to hold all the possible mappings for&nbsp; <BR>the Internet in an=
=20
  ITR.<BR><BR>There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all=20
  possible&nbsp; <BR>mappings or you fetch them when you need=20
  them.<BR><BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; According to:=20
  http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &am=
p;=20
  11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nb=
sp;=20
  packets and send brief map request messages.&nbsp;&nbsp; Even if we=20
  think<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough=20
  potential adopters<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; would - and therefore make it=20
  difficult or impossible for LISP or<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; any other such=20
  solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; rou=
ting=20
  scaling problem.<BR><BR>Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based=20
  bridged network with&nbsp; <BR>basically the same properties. First packet=
=20
  loss is not persistent&nbsp; <BR>when you look at all the traffic that=20
  originates from a source site to&nbsp; <BR>another destination=20
  site.<BR><BR>The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the=20
  host, you&nbsp; <BR>could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is=20
  available. Guess&nbsp; <BR>what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you ge=
t=20
  the DNS Reply. ;-) I&nbsp; <BR>wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a ho=
st=20
  needs an address to make&nbsp; <BR>the connection, we can say it also need=
s a=20
  locator to make a connection.<BR><BR>The design choice of LISP *is to just=
=20
  change software in CPE devices*&nbsp; <BR>to get the feature of decoupling=
=20
  rather than changing all the hosts at&nbsp; <BR>a site. That's a huge=20
  deployment advantage. So these CPE devices get&nbsp; <BR>packets before th=
ey=20
  have mappings. We don't even want to consider a&nbsp; <BR>host to CPE rout=
er=20
  signaling protocol and all it's complexities to&nbsp; <BR>solve this and t=
o=20
  keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop&nbsp; <BR>on DNS, SIP,=20=
or=20
  any other protocol that can give us a hint on where&nbsp; <BR>the host is=20
  about to send a packet.<BR><BR>So the cost is *either* first packet loss o=
r=20
  sending the packet on the&nbsp; <BR>ALT using it as a request for a=20
  mapping.<BR><BR>&gt; 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=
=20
  &nbsp; http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &n=
bsp;=20
  http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;&n=
bsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.&nbsp;=
=20
  Could<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; be partially solved by more meshin=
ess,=20
  but that would greatly<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; increase the=20
  complexity of the network and so raise more<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nb=
sp;=20
  scaling problems.]<BR><BR>Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. S=
o=20
  it's not really&nbsp; <BR>*another* problem.<BR><BR>&gt; 3 - Problems crea=
ting=20
  a highly aggregated ALT network in order to<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; speed the=
=20
  flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=
=20
  making the network robust against the failure of its routers and<BR>&gt;&n=
bsp;=20
  &nbsp; tunnels.&nbsp; This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it=20
  is<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; an obvious problem.<BR><BR>If we can do this with=20=
BGP,=20
  which we have decades of existence proof&nbsp; <BR>why can't we do this wi=
th a=20
  tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be&nbsp; <BR>rehomed much quicker an=
d=20
  easily than physical links and boxes we have&nbsp; <BR>to do with today,=20
  allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the&nbsp; <BR>ALT network, a=
nd=20
  2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust&nbsp; <BR>connectivity be=
low=20
  the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will&nbsp; <BR>be less=20
  route-flaps for EID-prefixes.<BR><BR>I think it's the complete opposite of=
=20
  what you claim. I think BGP will&nbsp; <BR>be more stable and scalable the=
n=20
  the underlying BGP. Plus, what we&nbsp; <BR>propose for the use-case of BG=
P=20
  uses quite a few features of it.&nbsp; <BR>Recall this is eBGP over=20
  GRE.<BR><BR>We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness=
=20
  of&nbsp; <BR>nodes on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a=20=
Map-=20
  <BR>Request takes on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we&nb=
sp;=20
  <BR>can see the diameter of the tunnel. Not only do we have a solution=20
  but&nbsp; <BR>we use existing rudimentary tools for management.<BR><BR>And=
 the=20
  address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT&nbsp; <BR>topology.=20=
And=20
  if the Registries are involved in managing part of this&nbsp; <BR>ALT netw=
ork=20
  (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this&nbsp; <BR>consistent=
=20
  relationship.<BR><BR>Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge=20
  Robin.<BR><BR>There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have=
=20
  secured&nbsp; <BR>the ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for=20
  routing use.&nbsp; <BR>In fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on=20=
the=20
  ALT to be&nbsp; <BR>verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying=
=20
  BGP.<BR><BR>And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2=20
  address- <BR>families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That=
=20
  means we&nbsp; <BR>can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk=20=
to=20
  each other.<BR><BR>If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, y=
ou=20
  could talk&nbsp; <BR>to the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pr=
etty=20
  huge feature.<BR><BR>This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NAT=
s,=20
  no CGNS, and&nbsp; <BR>no applications breaking.<BR><BR>&gt; 4 - LISP-ALT'=
s=20
  Aggregation implies provider dependence.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; This is=20
  Christian Vogt's critique:<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html<BR><BR>Not true. Aggregation h=
ere=20
  is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do&nbsp; <BR>not carry EID-prefix=
es=20
  in their cores so you don't depend on them. The&nbsp; <BR>decoupling of th=
e=20
  address creates this. The dependence is now on the&nbsp; <BR>ALT. And if y=
our=20
  site resides in a specific region of the world, you&nbsp; <BR>get your=20
  EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain&nbsp; <BR>wou=
ld=20
  only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's&nbsp; <BR>lea=
ve=20
  mobile ASes out of this for now).<BR><BR>&gt; 5 - Path MTU Discovery=20
  problems.&nbsp; Despite Fred Templin, myself and<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; othe=
rs=20
  discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbs=
p;=20
  proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate<BR>&gt;&nb=
sp;=20
  &nbsp; they have a solution.&nbsp; They seem to think there is no=20
  problem.<BR><BR>In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe=20=
two=20
  proposed&nbsp; <BR>solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful.=
 The=20
  stateful&nbsp; <BR>creates no new table data structures but requires stori=
ng=20
  an addition&nbsp; <BR>2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.<BR><BR>&=
gt;=20
  6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:<BR>&gt;&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html<BR><BR>You cannot fault=
 a=20
  technical design for a business case. A PTR is&nbsp; <BR>solving a technic=
al=20
  problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI&nbsp; <BR>type routes o=
ut=20
  of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just&nbsp; <BR>way too hig=
h in=20
  opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.<BR><BR>And on the=20
  contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect&nbsp; <BR>providers=
,=20
  registries, third-parties and even governments will provide&nbsp; <BR>PTR=20
  services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that&nbsp; <BR>rem=
ains=20
  to be seen.<BR><BR>&gt; 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands=20=
of=20
  ITRs each<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; probing reachability to one ETR, and likewi=
se,=20
  one ITR probing<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; reachability to many ETRs - this is o=
ne=20
  view of the "Locator Path<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; Liveness Problem" of=20
  draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html<BR><BR>That is=20=
not=20
  in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.&nbsp; ;-)<BR><BR>Dave and=20
  Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing&nbsp; <BR>can=20=
be.=20
  They do not take a position whether it should go into any&nbsp; <BR>propos=
al.=20
  They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may&nbsp; <BR>result=
 and=20
  can be an interpretation to not do probing at all.<BR><BR>Like I mentioned=
 in=20
  a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the&nbsp; <BR>question if an=20=
ITR=20
  *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there&nbsp; <BR>*may* be a p=
ath=20
  failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*.&nbsp; <BR>Please note my=
=20
  very fine qualifications.<BR><BR>If we want to solve this problem, we coul=
d do=20
  this today by having a&nbsp; <BR>host switch it's TCP connection to anothe=
r A=20
  record. This doesn't&nbsp; <BR>happen today because people deal with packe=
t=20
  loss, since it doesn't&nbsp; <BR>last long *and* rerouting actually works=20
  quite well.<BR><BR>Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never fo=
rget=20
  it, "The&nbsp; <BR>fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest=20
  feature".<BR><BR>What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending=20
  ICMP&nbsp; <BR>Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or=20=
they=20
  are&nbsp; <BR>filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures=20
  close to&nbsp; <BR>packet sources.<BR><BR>&gt;&gt; Unless these concerns a=
re=20
  adequately addressed, claiming that LISP<BR>&gt;&gt; is an appropriate=20
  solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's<BR>&gt;&gt; October 2006=20
  Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than<BR>&gt;&gt; a proof b=
y an=20
  emphatic assertion.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; I agree entirely.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; I=20
  believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -<BR>&gt;=
 by=20
  participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.<BR><BR>=
We=20
  were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So&nbsp;=20
  <BR>the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be=20
  presented&nbsp; <BR>in RRG.<BR><BR>As for the engineering issues, the real=
=20
  details and bits and bytes, we&nbsp; <BR>want a forum to discuss and work=20=
out=20
  issues in an open forum. I've&nbsp; <BR>been going to IETF for 20 years no=
w,=20
  that forum is called a working&nbsp; <BR>group.<BR><BR>The working group=20
  doesn't have to standardize what it is working on.&nbsp; <BR>And the chart=
er=20
  and the numerous requests we have made requests *for&nbsp; <BR>an experime=
ntal=20
  working group*.<BR><BR>&gt; Experiments won't help solve most of these=20
  problems.&nbsp; I am not<BR>&gt; against experimentation and I think it is=
=20
  great that there is a LISP<BR>&gt; experimental network.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
  However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing<BR>&g=
t;=20
  code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible<BR>&gt;=20
  implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental=20
  problems.<BR><BR>There is constant implementation feedback back into the=20
  design.&nbsp; <BR>Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You sta=
rt=20
  with&nbsp; <BR>something you think can hold together, you try things out,=20=
you=20
  refine,&nbsp; <BR>you revisit design, you go forward with implementation.=20
  That's the&nbsp; <BR>process of *detailed* engineering.<BR><BR>For the old=
=20
  timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.<BR><BR>Sorry for t=
he=20
  long=20
  email,<BR>Dino<BR><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>r=
rg=20
  mailing=20
  list<BR>rrg@irtf.org<BR>http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg<BR></FONT=
></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2009 11:29:49 +0800
From: Xu Xiaohu <xuxh@huawei.com>
Subject: re: [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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> I think having a focused group that can work out some of the 
> large scale deployment, operations and design issues with 
> this bit of technology would be helpful. 

I agree.

> I think that 'LISP' is a might narrow though, there are other 
> map/encap solutions which may work as well. I'd like to see 
> how something like map/encap works, and if it shows itself to 
> be helpful.

Exactly. The to-be-formed WG should not only focus on LISP, but also focus
on other map&encap solutions. Just as Yakov etc. pointed out, there are
still some open issues in LISP need to be answered. If many different
map&encaps solutions can be explored further simultaneously under this WG
charter, we may find they are complementary and can be converged finally to
form a successful short-term solution.

Xiaohu

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I am responding to Yakov Rekhter, Christopher Morrow and Xu Xiaohu.

Short version:

   I think it is still early days for routing scaling solutions.

   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be considered a
   potentially practical solution.  Some of these problems require
   design changes and others are probably solvable via extensions
   to the current design.  These problems are well documented.
   Running more experiments, writing interoperable implementations
   etc. will not help solve these problems.

   The other core-edge separation schemes (APT, Ivip, TRRP and
   Six/One Router) need a lot more development before a sufficient
   number of people in this field would agree that it was a (or
   "the") promising solution.

   Whether in a WG or independent of the IETF, I think each
   proposal should be developed vigorously - but with all
   developers taking a keen interest in the other proposals and
   responding fully in a public discussion list (their own, or
   the RRG) to those who make constructive critiques of their
   proposals.


Yakov Rekhter wrote:

> In answering this question we need to keep in mind that such
> techniques as (a) caching routing and forwarding information, (b)
> use of separate mapping system for Loc/ID mapping, (c) relying on
> probing for determining path feasibility are essential/fundamental
> to LISP. In other words, these techniques form the foundation of
> LISP. Concerns with scaling and operational properties of these
> techniques have been raised many times before (both at the previous
> BOF, as well as on the RRG mailing list). Yet the LISP proponents
> still did not adequately address these concerns.

Some LISP problems which I think are unresolved include the
following, many of which are mentioned in the critiques section of:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/lisp-links/

1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.  This is either
    due to sending the packets along the ALT network (which takes
    time and involves sending substantial volumes of data packets
    over the ALT network, rather than just mapping requests) or to
    sending mapping requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
    response before it attempts to send traffic packets.

    According to: http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
    & 11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
    packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we think
    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough potential adopters
    would - and therefore make it difficult or impossible for LISP or
    any other such solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
    routing scaling problem.

      [Fix?  This seems to be inherent in the ALT architecture.
       There's no obvious fix by caching in the ALT network and
       with millions of nodes (ITRs and ETRs) in the ALT network,
       there are going to be multiple hops in the network which
       result in inherent delays which would affect all session
       establishment, and even single byte communications such
       as ping, some DNS queries and responses etc.]

      {Experiments?  The problem won't show up in any experimental
       network - only in real use with tens or hundreds of thousands
       of ALT routers.}

2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
      http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
      http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png

      [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.  Could
       be partially solved by more meshiness, but that would greatly
       increase the complexity of the network and so raise more
       scaling problems.]

      {Experiments?  As for 1 above.}

3 - Problems creating a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
    speed the flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
    making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
    tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it is
    an obvious problem.

      [Fix?  Again, only by making it meshier, which detracts from
       the ALT network's primary design goal - of being highly
       aggregated to enhance efficiency and to minimise scaling
       problems.]

      {Experiments?  As for 1 above.)

4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html

      [Fix?  Seems to be a fundamental problem, but every core-edge
       separation scheme involves supplying stable EID, micronet etc.
       address space to end-user networks, so there must be some
       kind of dependence on some organisation - though not
       necessarily an ISP.]

      {Experiments?  There's no need for experiment - problems such
       as this can be clearly foreseen.}

5 - Path MTU Discovery problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
    others discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
    proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
    they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no problem.

      [Fix?  Add some arrangements such as I propose:
       http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/ or maybe
       like something Fred proposes.]

      {Experiments?  Experiment with such a fix, but the real
       test only comes with many years of full deployment, with a
       rich mix of jumboframe compatible edge networks and DFZ paths,
       and with 1500 byte and slightly smaller MTU links still being
       used in some or many places.}

6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html

      [Fix: Develop a detailed proposal for how end-users would
       gain their EID address space in a way in which some
       organisation would have a financial incentive to build
       and run a set of PTRs all round the world which would
       advertise a single prefix in the DFZ which would cover
       the EID space of many (thousands or more) end-user
       networks.  AFAIK LISP could adopt something similar to
       Ivip's arrangements:
       http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html ]

     {Experiments?  This is not amenable to experiment - there
      needs to be a good proposal which can only be tested in the
      commercial reality of widespread deployment.  In other words:
      there will be no widespread deployment of any proposal until
      the proposal is found to be attractive by the end-user networks
      which we need to adopt the scalable routing proposal -
      essentially all of them.  That will only happen if the proposal
      fully supports multihoming etc. of packets sent by hosts in
      non-upgraded networks.  Ivip's OITRDs and LISP's PTRs are the
      only ways to do this.  (APT has an arrangement with some
      similar business case difficulties as LISP's and TRRP's
      solution involves a worrying number of carrots and sticks.)
      So there needs to be an attractive business case for these
      OITRDs or PTRs.}

7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of ITRs each
    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise, one ITR probing
    reachability to many ETRs - this is one view of the "Locator Path
    Liveness Problem" of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
    http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html

      [Fix?   The problems of ITRs having to determine reachability
       and make decisions about which ETR to use seem to be
       fundamental to LISP, APT, TRRP or to any other core-edge
       elimination scheme which does not have a real-time mapping
       distribution system.]

      {Experiments?  Not useful at all - this problem won't show up
       in an experimental network, but can be clearly foreseen in
       a full-scale deployment scenario.}

> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
> a proof by an emphatic assertion.

I agree entirely.

I believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
by participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.

Experiments won't help solve most of these problems.  I am not
against experimentation and I think it is great that there is a LISP
experimental network.

However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental problems.

I would have worked first to resolve the problems - and if they could
not be resolved, I would have abandoned the proposal.  LISP's
problems are generally not amenable to solution by experiment.

I think that a proposal should proceed to experiment once the
fundamental problems (which are not amenable to experimental
solution) are either resolved, or well on the way to being resolved.

The starting point for solving LISP's problems would be admitting
them as problems and then discussing them.

draft-meyer-loc-id-implications is a step in the right direction, but
the problems of having large numbers of ITRs probing large numbers of
ETRs, making their own decisions etc. has been obvious since the
inception of LISP and APT two years ago.


> Addressing these concerns does *not* require LISP protocol specs.
> Addressing these concerns does *not* require experimentation with
> LISP protocols either. Addressing these concerns does *not* require
> interoperable LISP implementations. Therefore, forming a WG to work
> on the design on the LISP base protocol , the LISP+ALT mapping
> system, LISP Interworking  and LISP multicast", and to "encourage
> and support interoperable LISP implementations as well as defining
> requirements for alternate mapping systems" (as was proposed in
> Dave's e-mail) is *not* going to address these concerns.
>
> Unless the concerns I mentioned above are adequately addressed,
> LISP can not be accepted as a feasible/practical approach towards
> routing scalability.

I agree entirely.

> Therefore, unless and until these concerns are adequately
> addressed, it is totally premature to form LISP WG.

Is the criteria for forming a WG is that the proposal is either "the"
solution to the given problem or one of a few such proposals which
show sufficient promise to warrant serious effort to develop into a
full set of technical specifications?

If so, then I don't think LISP is anywhere near the mark, due to the
large number of fundamental problems which are nowhere near being solved.


Christopher Morrow wrote:

> I'm not sure there have been any other credible solutions aside from
> 'map/encap', this seems promising, though certainly it hasn't been
> proven out in the way that v4 routing as we know it today has been.

I would agree with a reworded version of the above, replacing
'map/encap' with:

   core-edge separation schemes (all of which - apart from Six/One
   Router - started as map-encap)

Although I haven't read draft-templin-ranger, I think it is fair to
say there are no Core-Edge Elimination proposals (inherently
host-based, and limited to IPv6) which are developed to the level of
the three most developed core-edge separation schemes:

  LISP (ALT and NERD, which is widely regarded as unscalable)
  APT
  Ivip

    (Six/One Router is IPv6-only, and needs to steal a bit from the
     IPv6 header - which I think would require DFZ router upgrades,
     which may well be practical.  See my critiques:

       http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02034.html
       http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02218.html )


LISP and APT are purely map-encap.

Ivip in the longer term, or ideally from the start, is intended to
use modified DFZ (and other) routers so some or all of the ETR
address can be encoded into a modified version of the IPv4 or IPv6
header.  This removes the encapsulation overhead efficiency problem
and more importantly involves no PMTUD problems.  Ideally, Ivip
wouldn't use map-encap at all, but it could use map-encap initially.


> Certainly there are use cases where there will be issues, certainly
> there are ways to deal with these use cases. Without some direct
> experimentation, thought about the problems and focus, we won't be
> able to address these things. (we == community)

I disagree.  The most pressing problems with LISP can be clearly
foreseen and do not need any illumination from experimentation.  Most
of them need to be solved by changing the architecture, though the
PMTUD and PTR business case models could be solved by adding to the
current architecture.  If they can't be solved clearly by changing
the design, then it needs to be recognised that these fundamental
problems are a strong argument against adopting any such proposal as
the solution to the routing scaling problem.


Xu Xiaohu wrote:

> Exactly. The to-be-formed WG should not only focus on LISP, but
> also focus on other map&encap solutions.

I think it is widely agreed that each WG should have a single,
concrete, focus.

I think the best way forward, in addition to the RRG discussions
(which I guess will continue after we make our recommendation at the
end of March) is for the most promising proposals to be developed as
vigorously as possible, while learning from and cross-fertilising the
other proposals.

I think each such proposal should have its own, potentially private,
mailing list so the people concerned can work together in whatever
way suits them best.

There is now a LISP-Interest mailing list - but my impression is that
LISP development to date has been based on private communications
between the largely Cisco-based developers.

> Just as Yakov etc. pointed out, there are still some open issues in
> LISP need to be answered. If many different map&encaps solutions
> can be explored further simultaneously under this WG charter, we
> may find they are complementary and can be converged finally to
> form a successful short-term solution.

I think the best way to develop a proposal is a dedicated project -
but one in which the developers take a keen interest in critiques of
their work, and in the work of other comparable projects.

My impression of LISP development to date is that it has been far too
 insular - uninterested in critiques or on how other proposals work.

I think the developers of APT, TRRP and Six/One Router have been much
more responsive to critiques.

There's no way of forcing the LISP developers to take a greater
interest in these things.

What would be the purpose of giving the LISP team their own IETF WG?

It doesn't allow them to develop anything they can't develop on their
own, with their own private or public mailing list, meetings etc.

If creating a LISP WG carries some implication that LISP, or anything
resembling it, is "nearly ready for widespread adoption" or similar,
then I think it would be a mistake.

However, if (like HIP and probably many other protocols IETF WGs
eventually produce full, interoperable, specifications for) LISP is
regarded as being worth working on for experimental purposes AND it
is thought that the best way to do this is to form a WG, then a LISP
WG would be a good idea.

However, I think it is mistaken to believe that writing code, running
an experimental network and writing interoperable implementations
will solve LISP's fundamental problems.


Ideally, after 2 years of developing various proposals and discussing
this stuff on the RAM and then the RRG lists, the RRG would be in a
position to say something like:

  This exact proposal, or an architecture with these principles and
  characteristics, is both a promising way to solve the routing
  scaling problem and by far the most promising solution.  Therefore,
  we recommend the IETF form a WG to develop this proposal /
  architecture into a fully fledged specification, with the intention
  that it be ready for widespread adoption by ISPs and end-user
   networks by the middle of the next decade.

However, I think the RRG is not ready to do this.  Despite this
problem having been foreseen since the early 1990s, it is still early
days in terms of developing the most promising solution.

LISP has too many problems, with no obvious solutions in sight and
with an apparent reluctance of the developers to discuss many of
these problems in public.

APT is the work of a smaller group than LISP.  It doesn't have LISP's
problem with delaying initial packets.  The hybrid push-pull mapping
system with local full-database query servers solves the delay
problem, removes the need for a global query server system (LISP ALT
and TRRP) and uses a slow mapping distribution system which doesn't
raise any obvious scaling problems.  But without running code and a
demo system, would the RRG be able to say for sure this might be a
practical solution, or the best possible solution?  I think not.

Ivip has a smaller team still - so far just me, with the help of
Steve Russert.  Ivip is more ambitious than LISP and APT in some
ways, but simpler in others.  It will be two years at least before
there is running code (but I hope to have a complete set of I-Ds
before March).  I like to think the RRG would see the promise of Ivip
and recommend it to the IETF . . . but it is early days yet for all
these proposals.


I think the most likely outcome of these last two years is that we
agree that a solution needs to be developed by about 2014 which we
can be confident will be very widely adopted for IPv4 - with
something cooking for IPv6 too.

I think we can rule out host-based core-edge elimination schemes on
grounds of excessive complexity in all hosts, excessive management
traffic to and from hosts - and also in terms of such changes (host
changes, probably including major changes to applications) being at
odds with the need to have the solution voluntarily adopted by the
great majority of end-user networks.

That leaves the core-edge separation schemes.

There is a big distinction between those which integrate reachability
probing and decision making into the ITRs and the architecture itself
(LISP, APT, TRRP and the IPv6-only Six/One Router) and those (only
one so far - Ivip) which use a real-time mapping system so the
reachability testing and "which ETR to use" decision making is under
the direct control of each end-user network, and modularly separated
from the scheme itself.

There is also a big distinction between those schemes (LISP, APT and
TRRP) which would forever be stuck with encapsulation overheads and
having to solve the PMTUD problems inherent in map-encap, and those
(so far Ivip and Six/One Router) which will get the packets across
the core without overheads or PMTUD problems.

I don't think any of these are developed enough to warrant the IETF
developing just one as "the" solution.

  - Robin           http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/


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> Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?

It is not required, but it should follow the address allocation  
delegation.

What we have deployed on the pilot is in the enclosed diagram and the  
EID-prefix assignments follow a registry allocation hierarchy. This  
topology supports both IPv4 and IPv6.

Once the apnic box is up, the container with ntt, dscott, and iij will  
connect to it.

Dino


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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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> Referring to the graphic Dino sent, which can also be found at
> http://www.lisp4.net/, one can see that ALT traffic between Savvis and
> Level(3) has several organizational AS-hops to traverse.=20

	This is just an artifact of the way I built it. You could
	put up a ALT tunnel betwen Savvis and L3 if that was of
	interest (and Savvis & L3 wouldn't have to further
	advertise those routes to the rest of the ALT). Also,
	its a somewhat artifcial observation because the L3 box
	is in London, so I thought it made sense to home it to
	RIPE. If L3 had ALT routers in the US, the situation
	would be likely different.

	BTW, the current configuration of the ALT is a first
	cut. There may be better ways to do it, but I did want to
	get something running so we could gain some experience.

	Or am I answering the wrong question?

	Dave

=09
=09

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Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 17:53:49 -0600
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
From: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
To: John Zwiebel <jzwiebel@cisco.com>
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John-

I agree, in LISP the volume of ALT traffic is very small versus the volume
of encapsulated data traffic. This is one of the primary reasons I like
LISP-ALT as a near-term solution, to be honest.

The ALT peering, though, isn't 100% clear to me yet. Sorry if I'm just slow
today or have forgotten something that's already been discussed. (The recent
holiday seems to have effectively cleared my mind.)

My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he
announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great from a
routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to another net
(dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID into the ALT via that
path if I wanted to continue serving that EID during an outage of my primary
(asp) connectivity?

At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary upstream sees
it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path. So do all of my xTRs
need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID allocators in order to avoid
de-aggregation in the ALT tables while maintaining fault tolerant
connectivity? What happens if an AS-wide fault takes down all of my
allocator's ALT routers? I understand that my RLOCs are still aggregated by
the underlying network's routing regardless.

It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network
engineering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT traffic
engineering, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web will probably
have a moderate collection of EID mappings that stay refreshed (Google,
Twitter, corp intranet, etc) and a small collection of mappings that get
used and expire (my blog, which nobody reads twice). This is different from
an xTR in front of a public website, which will basically build a huge
collection of mappings and have to worry more about the database size than
anything else.

Cheers,
-Benson

PS - I hate to say this, but I will volunteer to edit a draft covering this
topic if one or more LISP researchers will help write it.

On Jan 25, 2009 4:22 PM, "John Zwiebel" <jzwiebel@cisco.com> wrote:

FWIW:
The sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.
The reply and all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs
The ALT is merely there to provide the correct mapping.

Also, since a map-reply from any ETR for a given site will
provide you with all the RLOCs for that site, there is no
need to advertise any sub-prefix into the ALT.  Rather you
would advertise the most highly aggregated route you have
for your EID-site.  So the ALT table should be considerably smaller.

On Jan 25, 2009, at 11:49 AM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

> > Dave- > > On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
> wrote: >> >>       This is ...
>
> > _______________________________________________ > lisp mailing list >
> lisp@ietf.org > https://www....
>

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<p>John-</p>
<p>I agree, in LISP the volume of ALT traffic is very small versus the volu=
me of encapsulated data traffic. This is one of the primary reasons I like =
LISP-ALT as a near-term solution, to be honest.</p>
<p>The ALT peering, though, isn&#39;t 100% clear to me yet. Sorry if I&#39;=
m just slow today or have forgotten something that&#39;s already been discu=
ssed. (The recent holiday seems to have effectively cleared my mind.)</p>

<p>My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he ann=
ounces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That&#39;s great from a =
routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to another net (d=
mm, for example) wouldn&#39;t I have to announce my EID into the ALT via th=
at path if I wanted to continue serving that EID during an outage of my pri=
mary (asp) connectivity?</p>

<p>At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary upstream s=
ees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path. So do all of my xT=
Rs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID allocators in order to avoid d=
e-aggregation in the ALT tables while maintaining fault tolerant connectivi=
ty? What happens if an AS-wide fault takes down all of my allocator&#39;s A=
LT routers? I understand that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlyi=
ng network&#39;s routing regardless.</p>

<p>It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network engi=
neering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT traffic engineer=
ing, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web will probably have a mo=
derate collection of EID mappings that stay refreshed (Google, Twitter, cor=
p intranet, etc) and a small collection of mappings that get used and expir=
e (my blog, which nobody reads twice). This is different from an xTR in fro=
nt of a public website, which will basically build a huge collection of map=
pings and have to worry more about the database size than anything else.</p=
>

<p>Cheers,<br>
-Benson</p>
<p>PS - I hate to say this, but I will volunteer to edit a draft covering t=
his topic if one or more LISP researchers will help write it.</p>
<p><blockquote>On Jan 25, 2009 4:22 PM, &quot;John Zwiebel&quot; &lt;<a hre=
f=3D"mailto:jzwiebel@cisco.com">jzwiebel@cisco.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br><br>FW=
IW:<br>
The sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.<br>
The reply and all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs<br>
The ALT is merely there to provide the correct mapping.<br>
<br>
Also, since a map-reply from any ETR for a given site will<br>
provide you with all the RLOCs for that site, there is no<br>
need to advertise any sub-prefix into the ALT. &nbsp;Rather you<br>
would advertise the most highly aggregated route you have<br>
for your EID-site. &nbsp;So the ALT table should be considerably smaller.<p=
><font color=3D"#500050">


On Jan 25, 2009, at 11:49 AM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

</font></p><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;bor=
der-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><p><font color=3D"#500050">&gt; D=
ave-
&gt;
&gt; On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:dmm=
@1-4-5.net">dmm@1-4-5.net</a>&gt; wrote:
&gt;&gt;
&gt;&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; This is ...</font></p><p><font color=3D"#5000=
50">&gt; _______________________________________________
&gt; lisp mailing list
&gt; <a href=3D"mailto:lisp@ietf.org">lisp@ietf.org</a>
&gt; <a href=3D"https://www.">https://www.</a>...</font></p></blockquote>
<br>
</blockquote></p>

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Subject: Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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(This is a good place to segue, so pardon the borrowed thread...)

I have a concern about the economic aspects of stretch, specifically
related to peering in routing systems where topology follows address
assignment more closely than today's Internet. If this has already
been discussed I missed it and would appreciate a pointer. (I've heard
discussion of the performance issues, but not economic.) My concern is
not specific to LISP but is expressed nicely by LISP-ALT so I would
like to use that as an example here.

Referring to the graphic Dino sent, which can also be found at
http://www.lisp4.net/, one can see that ALT traffic between Savvis and
Level(3) has several organizational AS-hops to traverse. This isn't
the case under today's BGP4 routing because the Savvis and Level(3)
networks have direct peering. However, connectivity via the
ASP-ARIN-RIPE path doesn't use these peering interconnects. (FYI, it
seems to traverse networks such as NTT and Sprint, in case you were
wondering.)

In the Savvis-Level(3) case I believe the interconnects mentioned
above are all settlement-free, so the economic impact is primarily the
cost of usage-driven infrastructure items like router ports and
interconnects. But networks farther from the default-free zone are
likely to have more significant costs associated with transit
connectivity "upstream". Some of these networks (i.e. "tier-2"
providers) will have an existing set of settlement-free peers that
exists in order to reduce transit costs. But when these providers and
their downstream customers implement LISP-ALT there may very well be
an increase in traffic via their transit providers.

It seems to me that the driver behind this shift in traffic is the
network location of address assignment "authorities" and their ALT
routers. For instance, if ARIN's ALT router was only on-net behind a
single service provider network then all of the ARIN-served region
would need connectivity to that network. The trade/economic issues
should be obvious. Therefore I'm struck that any potential longer-path
solution to the address/topology scaling problem that moves beyond the
scope of the RRG (i.e. to the IETF) should provide input to the
addressing authorities on how to mitigate the resulting economic
issues. This might include, for instance, suggestions on where ALT
routers need to reside and what sort of peering/interconnectivty
should be in place.

Further, potential solutions should be considered for their ability to
reduce long-path traffic. Again using LISP as an example it is
important to consider how much traffic may follow the ALT path before
it switches to the direct LISP-encapsulated path. Quantifying this may
be difficult since it's in-part dependent on the latency of the ALT
path. But a relative view could be given.*

Has this issue already been discussed or addressed? I think that the
IETF is the right place to discuss the more concrete details of any
given solution (i.e. IETF LISP WG). But I would also like to see the
RRG consider these issues in abstract.

Cheers,
-Benson


* - For each new flow, given the flow's rate and size versus the
long-path latency and knowledge of how long it takes for a flow to
switch from the long- to short-path, as well as an estimate of the
number of "unique" flows (unique within the solution's context), a
relative view of traffic could be given. Comparison could then be
based on historical data gleaned from end-sites such as users and
datacenters to determine what the real impact may be.




On Jan 25, 2009 12:02 PM, "Dino Farinacci" <dino@cisco.com> wrote:

> Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?

It is not required, but it should follow the address allocation delegation.

What we have deployed on the pilot is in the enclosed diagram and the
EID-prefix assignments follow a registry allocation hierarchy. This
topology supports both IPv4 and IPv6.

Once the apnic box is up, the container with ntt, dscott, and iij will
connect to it.

Dino






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Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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Dave-

On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net> wrote:
>        This is just an artifact of the way I built it. You could
>        put up a ALT tunnel betwen Savvis and L3 if that was of
>        interest (and Savvis & L3 wouldn't have to further
>        advertise those routes to the rest of the ALT). Also,
> ...
>        Or am I answering the wrong question?

I think you're answering the right question from the LISP-ALT
perspective. It theoretically exists for other solutions in the same
class, too, i.e. solutions that create a stretched path in order to
follow address-assignment topology instead of underlying forwarding
topology.

In the LISP-ALT case, however, I'd like to explore your answer a bit
further. Does this suggest that the answer is for my ALT AS to peer
with all of my existing Internet peers, if I want to avoid suboptimal
forwarding? If I did so, how would my ALT routing table size compare
to my current routing table size? I'm imagining them the same size
(i.e. comprised of supernets learned by my peers as well as
less-specifics learned when my peers' customers multihome) but I might
be missing something.

Cheers,
-Benson
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From: John Zwiebel <jzwiebel@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 12:22:35 -1000
To: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
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FWIW:
The sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.
The reply and all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs
The ALT is merely there to provide the correct mapping.

Also, since a map-reply from any ETR for a given site will
provide you with all the RLOCs for that site, there is no
need to advertise any sub-prefix into the ALT.  Rather you
would advertise the most highly aggregated route you have
for your EID-site.  So the ALT table should be considerably smaller.


On Jan 25, 2009, at 11:49 AM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

> Dave-
>
> On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net> wrote:
>>        This is just an artifact of the way I built it. You could
>>        put up a ALT tunnel betwen Savvis and L3 if that was of
>>        interest (and Savvis & L3 wouldn't have to further
>>        advertise those routes to the rest of the ALT). Also,
>> ...
>>        Or am I answering the wrong question?
>
> I think you're answering the right question from the LISP-ALT
> perspective. It theoretically exists for other solutions in the same
> class, too, i.e. solutions that create a stretched path in order to
> follow address-assignment topology instead of underlying forwarding
> topology.
>
> In the LISP-ALT case, however, I'd like to explore your answer a bit
> further. Does this suggest that the answer is for my ALT AS to peer
> with all of my existing Internet peers, if I want to avoid suboptimal
> forwarding? If I did so, how would my ALT routing table size compare
> to my current routing table size? I'm imagining them the same size
> (i.e. comprised of supernets learned by my peers as well as
> less-specifics learned when my peers' customers multihome) but I might
> be missing something.
>
> Cheers,
> -Benson
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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From: John Zwiebel <jzwiebel@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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On Jan 25, 2009, at 1:53 PM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

> My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and  
> he announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's  
> great from a routing scale perspective. However if I were to  
> multihome to another net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to  
> announce my EID into the ALT via that path if I wanted to continue  
> serving that EID during an outage of my primary (asp) connectivity?
>

Yes you should, but that doesn't add another route to the ALT routing  
table.
> At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary  
> upstream sees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path.
>
If your primary router goes down, yes.
> So do all of my xTRs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID  
> allocators in order to avoid de-aggregation in the ALT tables while  
> maintaining fault tolerant connectivity?
>
All of your xTRs need to connect to the ALT to get mapping  
information. (ie to send
map requests over the ALT and receive map-replies natively).  Each  
xTR would
advertise the same EID-prefix.  So no matter how many xTRs you have,  
only the
single EID-prefix is advertised. The ALT only carries EID-prefix  
routes (and next-hop
information for the ALT).  It need not carry the RLOC routes at all.   
Those are in the DFZ.
> What happens if an AS-wide fault takes down all of my allocator's  
> ALT routers? I understand that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the  
> underlying network's routing regardless.
>
Hopefully you'd have RLOCs from two different allocators.  When one  
goes down, the
other one is still available for map-requests.
>

Hope this helps
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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">
<br><div><div>On Jan 25, 2009, at 1:53 PM, Benson Schliesser =
wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 221); -webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; ">My =
single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he =
announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great from =
a routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to another =
net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID into the ALT =
via that path if I wanted to continue serving that EID during an outage =
of my primary (asp) =
connectivity?</span></p></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Yes you =
should, but that doesn't add another route to the ALT routing =
table.<br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; =
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; =
orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; =
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p>At the very least it has to be =
announced such that my primary upstream sees it and can divert =
map-requests to my secondary path. </p></span></blockquote>If your =
primary router goes down, yes.<br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p>So do all of my xTRs need to =
have ALT tunnels to all of my EID allocators in order to avoid =
de-aggregation in the ALT tables while maintaining fault tolerant =
connectivity? </p></span></blockquote><div>All of your xTRs need to =
connect to the ALT to get mapping information. (ie to =
send=A0</div><div>map requests over the ALT and receive map-replies =
natively). =A0Each xTR would</div><div>advertise the same EID-prefix. =
=A0So no matter how many xTRs you have, only the</div><div>single =
EID-prefix is advertised. The ALT only carries EID-prefix routes (and =
next-hop=A0</div><div>information for the ALT). =A0It need not carry the =
RLOC routes at all. =A0Those are in the DFZ.</div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p>What happens if an AS-wide =
fault takes down all of my allocator's ALT routers? I understand that my =
RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlying network's routing =
regardless.</p></span></blockquote>Hopefully you'd have RLOCs from two =
different allocators. =A0When one goes down, the</div><div>other one is =
still available for map-requests. =A0<br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; =
"><p><br></p></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Hope this =
helps</div></body></html>=

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Subject: Re: Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 23:10:44 -0500 (EST)
From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
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Can we _PLEASE_ stop cross-posting things to three lists at once? Thanks.

	Noel
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Subject: Re: Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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=20
In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:23 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit schreibt=
 =20
bensons@queuefull.net:

I have a  concern about the economic aspects of stretch, specifically
related to  peering in routing systems where topology follows address
assignment more  closely than today's Internet.


This is one of the main differences with TARA: There a topological  view is=20
constructed such that stretch becomes 1 and  not like here  where stretch is=
=20
that what will turn out to be by chance.
=20
Heiner
=20

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<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16788" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY:=20=
Arial"=20
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Drol=
e_document=20
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:23 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit sch=
reibt=20
bensons@queuefull.net:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>I have a=20
  concern about the economic aspects of stretch, specifically<BR>related to=20
  peering in routing systems where topology follows address<BR>assignment mo=
re=20
  closely than today's Internet.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>This is one of the main differences with TARA: There&nbsp;a topological=
=20
view is constructed such that stretch&nbsp;becomes 1 and&nbsp; not like here=
=20
where stretch is that what will turn out to be by chance.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Heiner</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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From routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Jan 26 01:46:43 2009
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From: HeinerHummel@aol.com
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Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2009 04:46:16 EST
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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=20
In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:41 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit schreibt=
 =20
jzwiebel@cisco.com:

The  sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.
The reply and  all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs
The ALT is merely there to  provide the correct mapping.





Prior arguing with long-path, stretch etc. I have another informative =20
question (maybe I missed something too during the discussion): Why LISP 1.5=20=
?  Why=20
not LISP 2 ? or directly:
Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also request=20=
=20
the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can also intercept=20
the  respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).
=20
I also ask this because wrt my TARA solution I would do the alike: The =20
difference is only that the eRLOC information, to be retrieved from  DNS, ar=
e just=20
the geographical coordinates of the ETR (as by experimental  RFC 1712).
So far I cannot see why there is a  (compelling ?) reason fro the ALT =20
hierarchy at all. =20
=20
Thanks for answers to my question,
Heiner
=20
=20

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DISO-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16788" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY:=20=
Arial"=20
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Drol=
e_document=20
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:41 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit sch=
reibt=20
jzwiebel@cisco.com:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>The=20
  sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.<BR>The reply an=
d=20
  all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs<BR>The ALT is merely there=20=
to=20
  provide the correct mapping.<BR><BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Prior arguing with long-path, stretch etc. I have another informative=20
question (maybe I missed something too during the discussion): Why LISP 1.5=20=
?=20
Why not LISP 2 ? or directly:</DIV>
<DIV>Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also req=
uest=20
the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can also intercept=20=
the=20
respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I also ask this because wrt my TARA solution I would do the alike: The=20
difference is only that the eRLOC information, to be retrieved from=20
DNS,&nbsp;are just the geographical coordinates of the ETR (as by experiment=
al=20
RFC 1712).</DIV>
<DIV>So far I cannot see why there is a&nbsp; (compelling ?) reason fro the=20=
ALT=20
hierarchy at all.&nbsp;&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks for answers to my question,</DIV>
<DIV>Heiner</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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> Prior arguing with long-path, stretch etc. I have another  
> informative question (maybe I missed something too during the  
> discussion): Why LISP 1.5 ? Why not LISP 2 ? or directly:
> Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also  
> request the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can  
> also intercept the respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).

1) Because not all communication uses DNS.
2) Because DNS queries go out one xTR and replies can come in through  
another xTR.
3) Because you don't want a architectural circular dependency between  
directory and routing.

Do you want more reasons?

Dino
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2009 08:34:15 -0800
References: <9b942cbb0901251306h5cf184dbob1e672fce4b31dc2@mail.gmail.com> <20090125212608.GA12742@1-4-5.net> <9b942cbb0901251349g105c86d9m98c54ba1b5596ec0@mail.gmail.com> <FE47C611-5A41-44D5-8BDE-E531BFAEA902@cisco.com> <9b942cbb0901251553u710be191s1dc960c4dd150ac8@mail.gmail.com>
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> My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he  
> announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great  
> from a routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to  
> another net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID  
> into the ALT via that path if I wanted to continue serving that EID  
> during an outage of my primary (asp) connectivity?
>

Yes, you would. And you would peer at the level before the aggregation  
level router. So in the real world, you would peer with sub-parts of  
your region's registry.

> At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary  
> upstream sees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path.  
> So do all of my xTRs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID
>

Not divert, but you want the shortest path to your site for Map- 
Requests. So each of your xTRs will have GRE tunnels where their  
"tunnel source <foo>" configuration will have <foo> be the locator  
address from each attached upstream.

> allocators in order to avoid de-aggregation in the ALT tables while  
> maintaining fault tolerant connectivity? What happens if an AS-wide  
> fault takes down all of my allocator's ALT routers? I understand  
> that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlying network's  
> routing regardless.
>

Right, no deaggregation anywhere. You don't have to TE with more  
specific injection on the ALT, you use your tunnel locators for this.

Also, we want you to have a low opex xTRs, so when *you do not run BGP  
on your xTRs*, it will be your upstreams will "redistribute static tag  
<foo>". And they won't need to deaggregate as well because you will be  
*within* their aggregation level.

> It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network  
> engineering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT  
> traffic engineering, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web  
> will probably have a moderate collection of EID mappings that stay  
> refreshed (Google, Twitter, corp intranet, etc) and a small  
> collection of mappings that get used and expire (my blog, which  
> nobody reads twice). This is different from an xTR in front of a  
> public website, which will basically build a huge collection of  
> mappings and have to worry more about the database size than  
> anything else.
>

Mappings get refreshed locally in the xTR based on data flow. So you  
don't need to continually Map-Request the site. Plus, you can use the  
old ARP trick. That is, give yourself enough time before the entry  
times out, to request to see if the mapping is still current. And only  
do that when there is data flow against the entry.

Dino



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Subject: RE: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2009 08:51:26 -0800
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Thread-Topic: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Dino Farinacci" <dino@cisco.com>, "Robin Whittle" <rw@firstpr.com.au>
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Here is some follow-up on Dino's message wrt RANGER
and LISP comparisons:

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dino Farinacci [mailto:dino@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Saturday, January 24, 2009 10:26 AM
> To: Robin Whittle
> Cc: rrg RG; int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org; 
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from 
> the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> >   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be considered a
> >   potentially practical solution.  Some of these problems require
> 
> LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let me point out 
> that every  
> design has fundamental problems. At this scale, it's very hard to be  
> perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so many times, the hard  
> decisions must be made to incrementally deploy this. So things might  
> not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you got to do what you got  
> to do. Else, this will all be academic.
> 
> We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not lip  
> service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the 
> Internet,  
> this is serious.
> 
> I want to address each of your 7 points below. I have cc'ed 
> the lisp@ietf.org 
>   mailing list so the folks who want to focus on details of LISP can  
> see this thread.
> 
> > 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.  This is either
> >    due to sending the packets along the ALT network (which takes
> >    time and involves sending substantial volumes of data packets
> >    over the ALT network, rather than just mapping requests) or to
> >    sending mapping requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
> >    response before it attempts to send traffic packets.
> 
> We have a memory/bandwidth tradeoff. So we have to make a 
> hard design  
> call. I'd rather have mappings cached and timed out so they can be  
> updated when they need to then to hold all the possible mappings for  
> the Internet in an ITR.
> 
> There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all 
> possible  
> mappings or you fetch them when you need them.

RANGER is following the eFIT/APT model (and perhaps ALT
also?). It allows some stretch for initial packets then
route-optimized paths for the rest, i.e., intial packets
are forwarded; not dropped.
 
> >    According to: http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
> >    & 11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
> >    packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we think
> >    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough potential adopters
> >    would - and therefore make it difficult or impossible for LISP or
> >    any other such solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
> >    routing scaling problem.
> 
> Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based bridged 
> network with  
> basically the same properties. First packet loss is not persistent  
> when you look at all the traffic that originates from a 
> source site to  
> another destination site.
> 
> The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the 
> host, you  
> could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is 
> available. Guess  
> what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get the DNS 
> Reply. ;-) I  
> wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host needs an 
> address to make  
> the connection, we can say it also needs a locator to make a 
> connection.
> 
> The design choice of LISP *is to just change software in CPE 
> devices*  
> to get the feature of decoupling rather than changing all the 
> hosts at  
> a site. That's a huge deployment advantage. So these CPE devices get  
> packets before they have mappings. We don't even want to consider a  
> host to CPE router signaling protocol and all it's complexities to  
> solve this and to keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop  
> on DNS, SIP, or any other protocol that can give us a hint on where  
> the host is about to send a packet.
> 
> So the cost is *either* first packet loss or sending the 
> packet on the  
> ALT using it as a request for a mapping.
> 
> > 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
> >      http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
> >      http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
> >
> >      [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.  Could
> >       be partially solved by more meshiness, but that would greatly
> >       increase the complexity of the network and so raise more
> >       scaling problems.]
> 
> Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So it's not really  
> *another* problem.
> 
> > 3 - Problems creating a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
> >    speed the flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
> >    making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
> >    tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it is
> >    an obvious problem.
> 
> If we can do this with BGP, which we have decades of existence proof  
> why can't we do this with a tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be  
> rehomed much quicker and easily than physical links and boxes 
> we have  
> to do with today, allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the  
> ALT network, and 2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust  
> connectivity below the tunnel level to keep them up, hence 
> there will  
> be less route-flaps for EID-prefixes.
> 
> I think it's the complete opposite of what you claim. I think 
> BGP will  
> be more stable and scalable then the underlying BGP. Plus, what we  
> propose for the use-case of BGP uses quite a few features of it.  
> Recall this is eBGP over GRE.
> 
> We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness of  
> nodes on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a Map- 
> Request takes on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we  
> can see the diameter of the tunnel. Not only do we have a 
> solution but  
> we use existing rudimentary tools for management.
> 
> And the address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT  
> topology. And if the Registries are involved in managing part 
> of this  
> ALT network (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this  
> consistent relationship.
> 
> Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge Robin.
> 
> There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have secured  
> the ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for routing use.  
> In fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the ALT to be  
> verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying BGP.

I think RANGER could potentially benefit from SIDR too,
but RANGER has a means for ingress filtering even on
networks where spoofing is possible. The philosophy in
RANGER is that sites guard their *own* borders even when
there is expectation that other sites will behave in a
trustworthy fashion.

> And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2 address- 
> families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That 
> means we  
> can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk to each other.
> 
> If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you could talk  
> to the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty 
> huge feature.
> 
> This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs, no CGNS, and  
> no applications breaking.

You are describing here the exact use case that RANGER
was designed to accommodate. IPv6 over IPv4 across one or
several recursive enterprise-within-enterprise nestings
gives IPv6 end-to-end with no NATting. 
 
> > 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
> >    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
> >    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
> 
> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service 
> providers do  
> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on 
> them. The  
> decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the  
> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you  
> get your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing 
> your domain  
> would only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's  
> leave mobile ASes out of this for now).

RANGER supports true PI prefix delegation such that
readdressing is not needed when the site moves. End
systems that move from site to site may incur readdressing
and need a mobility handling mechanism like HIP or MIP,
but that is an end system mobility consideration and
not a site mobility consideration.

> > 5 - Path MTU Discovery problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
> >    others discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
> >    proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
> >    they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no problem.
> 
> In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe two 
> proposed  
> solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The stateful  
> creates no new table data structures but requires storing an 
> addition  
> 2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.

In the "stateless" case, having the LISP ITR return
packet-too-bigs with degenerate MTUs (i.e., MTUs less
than 1500) is going to leave source hosts with an
unsatisfactory experience that they would not incur
without an ITR/ETR in the middle.

In the stateful case, LISP relies on a brittle mechanism
that has known vulnerabilities (e.g., [RFC2923]) and can
easily be spoofed by off-path attackers.

RANGER/SEAL fixes both of these problems and much more.  

> > 6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
> >    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html
> 
> You cannot fault a technical design for a business case. A PTR is  
> solving a technical problem. And if we want to *truly* keep 
> lots of PI  
> type routes out of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just  
> way too high in opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.
> 
> And on the contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect  
> providers, registries, third-parties and even governments 
> will provide  
> PTR services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that  
> remains to be seen.
> 
> > 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of ITRs each
> >    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise, one ITR probing
> >    reachability to many ETRs - this is one view of the "Locator Path
> >    Liveness Problem" of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
> >    http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html
> 
> That is not in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)
> 
> Dave and Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing  
> can be. They do not take a position whether it should go into any  
> proposal. They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may  
> result and can be an interpretation to not do probing at all.
> 
> Like I mentioned in a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the  
> question if an ITR *should* switch from one RLOC to another 
> when there  
> *may* be a path failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*.  
> Please note my very fine qualifications.

Fine qualifications noted (I think). About the LISP
locator reachability bits, that seems like a lot of
overhead to carry on each and every packet, and it
also seems to assume symmetric paths. RANGER assumes
unidirectional tunnels and path asymmetry, i.e., if
Site 1's packets use ITR A and go through ETR B at
Site 2, the return traffic could actually come through
Site 2's ITR C. In the LISP locator reachability case,
how does C know anything about the reachability of A?

Although RANGER could send locator reachability bits
in control messages as an optimization, its primary
mechanism is through having the ITR probe the forward
path to the ITR. Probing is by setting an "ack request"
bit on every Nth data packet (+/- some delta if
randomization is desired) and then observing whether
a steady stream of ACKs comes back.

LISP also doesn't seem to take into account that a multi-
homed site can partition, such that locator reachability
does not necessarily imply end system reachability via
specific locators. Nor does it provide a means for an ETR
(A) to inform the ITR of a better ETR (B) when paths get
stretched. RANGER has a means to accommodate this.

> If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a  
> host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't  
> happen today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't  
> last long *and* rerouting actually works quite well.
> 
> Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The  
> fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".
> 
> What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP  
> Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are  
> filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to  
> packet sources.

RANGER can listen for ICMP unreachables coming from network
middleboxes that it can verify as on-path by checking the
SEAL_ID. In a RANGER world, network middleboxes would be
encouraged to turn the ICMPs back on because site border
xTRs will have a means to detect spoofing (i.e., the SEAL_ID).
But, this is an optimization only; nothing in RANGER depends
on getting the ICMPs from middleboxes.

That's all for now.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com
 
> >> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
> >> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
> >> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
> >> a proof by an emphatic assertion.
> >
> > I agree entirely.
> >
> > I believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
> > by participating fully in the debates resulting from these 
> critiques.
> 
> We were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable 
> request. So  
> the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be 
> presented  
> in RRG.
> 
> As for the engineering issues, the real details and bits and 
> bytes, we  
> want a forum to discuss and work out issues in an open forum. I've  
> been going to IETF for 20 years now, that forum is called a working  
> group.
> 
> The working group doesn't have to standardize what it is working on.  
> And the charter and the numerous requests we have made requests *for  
> an experimental working group*.
> 
> > Experiments won't help solve most of these problems.  I am not
> > against experimentation and I think it is great that there is a LISP
> > experimental network.
> >
> > However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
> > code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
> > implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental problems.
> 
> There is constant implementation feedback back into the design.  
> Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start with  
> something you think can hold together, you try things out, 
> you refine,  
> you revisit design, you go forward with implementation. That's the  
> process of *detailed* engineering.
> 
> For the old timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.
> 
> Sorry for the long email,
> Dino
> 
> _______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [rrg] [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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    > From: HeinerHummel@aol.com

    > Why LISP 1.5=20?  Why not LISP 2 ? or directly:
    > Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also request
    > the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can also
    > intercept the respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).

I don't know what the thinking of other people working on LISP is, but I can
give you my thoughts on this point.

Simply put, I don't like designs which _invisibly, outside the host_ tie into
the DNS because it takes two separate subsystems (DNS resolution, and basic
packet forwarding), and tangles them together, which is bad engineering for a
number of reasons (makes it harder to make further changes, creates more
mutual dependencies, increases overall fragility/brittleness, etc).

Some NAT variants do this too, and I especially didn't like them either! :-)

	Noel
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References: <20090120190744.GA9467@1-4-5.net><49765FFB.1010709@piuha.net>	<200901222339.n0MNddM88868@magenta.juniper.net><75cb24520901221834s31095bffr252336804e9a94bd@mail.gmail.com><497B1F7A.9030407@firstpr.com.au> <6CF20960-E0C1-4BB5-A310-1CDC6577561A@cisco.com> <39C363776A4E8C4A94691D2BD9D1C9A1057A286E@XCH-NW-7V2.nw.nos.boeing.com>
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> In the "stateless" case, having the LISP ITR return
> packet-too-bigs with degenerate MTUs (i.e., MTUs less
> than 1500) is going to leave source hosts with an
> unsatisfactory experience that they would not incur
> without an ITR/ETR in the middle.

Ah, then that motivates to upgrade MTUs.

> In the stateful case, LISP relies on a brittle mechanism
> that has known vulnerabilities (e.g., [RFC2923]) and can
> easily be spoofed by off-path attackers.

Are you saying MTU Discovery is flawed?

> RANGER/SEAL fixes both of these problems and much more.

With a lot more machinery and state. Let's not start this conversation  
again.

> Fine qualifications noted (I think). About the LISP
> locator reachability bits, that seems like a lot of
> overhead to carry on each and every packet, and it

4 bytes per packet? Sorry, I don't think so.

> also seems to assume symmetric paths. RANGER assumes
> unidirectional tunnels and path asymmetry, i.e., if
> Site 1's packets use ITR A and go through ETR B at
> Site 2, the return traffic could actually come through
> Site 2's ITR C. In the LISP locator reachability case,
> how does C know anything about the reachability of A?

It can send a Map-Request. But active-active on ingress and egress  
will be the norm.

> Although RANGER could send locator reachability bits
> in control messages as an optimization, its primary
> mechanism is through having the ITR probe the forward
> path to the ITR. Probing is by setting an "ack request"
> bit on every Nth data packet (+/- some delta if
> randomization is desired) and then observing whether
> a steady stream of ACKs comes back.

This doesn't work because if you are going to claim liveness through a  
protocol, you have to send control packets all the time from M ITRs to  
N ETRs. If you claim liveness, you have to do this before you send  
packets. So putting the probe in data packets is not sufficient.

And if you send probes all the time from M ITRs to N ETRs, you have a  
huge scaling problem.

> LISP also doesn't seem to take into account that a multi-
> homed site can partition, such that locator reachability
> does not necessarily imply end system reachability via
> specific locators. Nor does it provide a means for an ETR
> (A) to inform the ITR of a better ETR (B) when paths get
> stretched. RANGER has a means to accommodate this.

Can you state some disadvantages of RANGER? There is no such thing as  
a free lunch, so your design has to make tradeoffs, but you seem to  
never state them.

>> If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a
>> host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't
>> happen today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't
>> last long *and* rerouting actually works quite well.
>>
>> Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The
>> fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".
>>
>> What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP
>> Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are
>> filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to
>> packet sources.
>
> RANGER can listen for ICMP unreachables coming from network
> middleboxes that it can verify as on-path by checking the

Non-starter, you will not get ICMP unreachables, period. So if you  
solely depend on it, the solution is a non-starter.

> SEAL_ID. In a RANGER world, network middleboxes would be
> encouraged to turn the ICMPs back on because site border
> xTRs will have a means to detect spoofing (i.e., the SEAL_ID).
> But, this is an optimization only; nothing in RANGER depends
> on getting the ICMPs from middleboxes.

You have to turn it on in all transit routers. You will get objection  
to this. It will never happen and if you think it could possibly  
happen, it will take forever.

Dino

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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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    > From: Dino Farinacci <dino@cisco.com>

    > if you are going to claim liveness through a protocol, you have to send
    > control packets all the time from M ITRs to N ETRs.

I find this terminology somewhat non-intuitive, and wonder if it's too late
to change it. To me, "liveness" would imply as to whether something is live
or dead, i.e. up or down. (Such state detection can obviously be performed on
ITR I1's behalf by I2, and the result communicated locally from I2 to I1.)

The issue of whether packets from ITR Im can reach ETR En (which is where you
run into the need for M*N) I would describe as "reachability". (So if there's
a routing problem, or an access control setting, that prevents I1 from
getting to E7 even through I1 can get to E8 and I2 can get to E7, that would
be a reachability problem on the {I1, E7} pairing.) I seem to recall this
term being used in at least one routing protocol, although I can't now recall
which one.

        Noel
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Excerpts from Noel Chiappa on Mon, Jan 26, 2009 05:51:17PM -0500:
>     > From: Dino Farinacci <dino@cisco.com>
> 
>     > if you are going to claim liveness through a protocol, you
>     > have to send control packets all the time from M ITRs to N
>     > ETRs.
> 
> I find this terminology somewhat non-intuitive, and wonder if it's
> too late to change it. To me, "liveness" would imply as to whether
> something is live or dead, i.e. up or down. (Such state detection
> can obviously be performed on ITR I1's behalf by I2, and the result
> communicated locally from I2 to I1.)
> 
> The issue of whether packets from ITR Im can reach ETR En (which is
> where you run into the need for M*N) I would describe as
> "reachability". (So if there's a routing problem, or an access
> control setting, that prevents I1 from getting to E7 even through I1
> can get to E8 and I2 can get to E7, that would be a reachability
> problem on the {I1, E7} pairing.) I seem to recall this term being
> used in at least one routing protocol, although I can't now recall
> which one.

We started out talking about "path liveness".  I don't care too much
what it's called.
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Subject: RE: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Dino Farinacci" <dino@cisco.com>
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Hi Dino, 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dino Farinacci [mailto:dino@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Monday, January 26, 2009 12:12 PM
> To: Templin, Fred L
> Cc: Robin Whittle; rrg RG; int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org; 
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from 
> the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> > In the "stateless" case, having the LISP ITR return
> > packet-too-bigs with degenerate MTUs (i.e., MTUs less
> > than 1500) is going to leave source hosts with an
> > unsatisfactory experience that they would not incur
> > without an ITR/ETR in the middle.
> 
> Ah, then that motivates to upgrade MTUs.

Upgrading to large MTUs everywhere is the desired
end-state goal. But, if you are talking about the LISP
"stateless" case, you would have no way of knowing when
all links everywhere have been updated such that you
can safely set the static value to something larger
than 1500.

> > In the stateful case, LISP relies on a brittle mechanism
> > that has known vulnerabilities (e.g., [RFC2923]) and can
> > easily be spoofed by off-path attackers.
> 
> Are you saying MTU Discovery is flawed?

You as much as said it yourself below...

> > RANGER/SEAL fixes both of these problems and much more.
> 
> With a lot more machinery and state. Let's not start this 
> conversation  
> again.

I'm not sure we finished the conversation last time,
and I know it wasn't conducted on the wider list
distributions that we are posting to here.

> > Fine qualifications noted (I think). About the LISP
> > locator reachability bits, that seems like a lot of
> > overhead to carry on each and every packet, and it
> 
> 4 bytes per packet? Sorry, I don't think so.

I was counting the UDP header as overhead, too.

> > also seems to assume symmetric paths. RANGER assumes
> > unidirectional tunnels and path asymmetry, i.e., if
> > Site 1's packets use ITR A and go through ETR B at
> > Site 2, the return traffic could actually come through
> > Site 2's ITR C. In the LISP locator reachability case,
> > how does C know anything about the reachability of A?
> 
> It can send a Map-Request. But active-active on ingress and egress  
> will be the norm.
> 
> > Although RANGER could send locator reachability bits
> > in control messages as an optimization, its primary
> > mechanism is through having the ITR probe the forward
> > path to the ITR. Probing is by setting an "ack request"
> > bit on every Nth data packet (+/- some delta if
> > randomization is desired) and then observing whether
> > a steady stream of ACKs comes back.
> 
> This doesn't work because if you are going to claim liveness 
> through a  
> protocol, you have to send control packets all the time from 
> M ITRs to  
> N ETRs. If you claim liveness, you have to do this before you send  
> packets. So putting the probe in data packets is not sufficient.

The RANGER model sends initial packets through a default
mapper, which returns an ICMP redirect; that is not really
a "protocol", but rather an alternate means of establishing
a FIB entry in the ITR.

Once the FIB entry is established, ITR->ETR liveness
testing is piggybacked on top of ordinary data packets.
That is 1x1; not MxN.

> And if you send probes all the time from M ITRs to N ETRs, 
> you have a  
> huge scaling problem.

RANGER piggybacks liveness testing on top of every Nth
(+/- delta) ordinary data packet that flows from one ITR
to one ETR. While packets are flowing, probing continues;
when no packets are flowing, probing ceases.

> > LISP also doesn't seem to take into account that a multi-
> > homed site can partition, such that locator reachability
> > does not necessarily imply end system reachability via
> > specific locators. Nor does it provide a means for an ETR
> > (A) to inform the ITR of a better ETR (B) when paths get
> > stretched. RANGER has a means to accommodate this.
> 
> Can you state some disadvantages of RANGER? There is no such 
> thing as  
> a free lunch, so your design has to make tradeoffs, but you seem to  
> never state them.

Forgive me, and I will try to take a more balanced
consideration from now on.

For one thing, RANGER requires a means for
synchronization of a very large distributed mapping
database between a limited number of nodes; that is
probably also the case for other map/encaps systems
too. This may be tenable if the number of nodes
participating in the protocol and the frequency
of updates is kept relatively small, but I have no
quantitative basis for the claim.

> >> If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today 
> by having a
> >> host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't
> >> happen today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't
> >> last long *and* rerouting actually works quite well.
> >>
> >> Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never 
> forget it, "The
> >> fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".
> >>
> >> What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP
> >> Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are
> >> filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides 
> failures close to
> >> packet sources.
> >
> > RANGER can listen for ICMP unreachables coming from network
> > middleboxes that it can verify as on-path by checking the
> 
> Non-starter, you will not get ICMP unreachables, period. So if you  
> solely depend on it, the solution is a non-starter.

...there - you said it yourself!

> > SEAL_ID. In a RANGER world, network middleboxes would be
> > encouraged to turn the ICMPs back on because site border
> > xTRs will have a means to detect spoofing (i.e., the SEAL_ID).
> > But, this is an optimization only; nothing in RANGER depends
> > on getting the ICMPs from middleboxes.
> 
> You have to turn it on in all transit routers. You will get 
> objection  
> to this. It will never happen and if you think it could possibly  
> happen, it will take forever.

Well, I did say "optimization only"; the ICMPs would be
nice to have, but RANGER can live without them.

Thanks - Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

> 
> Dino
> 
> 
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Subject: RE: [lisp] [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from theIESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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|We started out talking about "path liveness".  I don't care too much
|what it's called.


Whatever it's called, it seems like if there are middleboxes involved, there
will need to be a feedback loop from receiver to source.  Why is this so
contentious?  It would seem like it would have all of the weight of a stream
of acks from one TCP connection.  And it could be trivially piggybacked if
there is the usual bi-directional traffic.

Tony

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Short version:   Responding to Dino's reply to my critiques of LISP.

                 The LISP team should do detailed critiques of APT
                 and Ivip as part of convincing IETF folks of the
                 merits of LISP-ALT.

                 Will it be possible to do firmware upgrades so all
                 DFZ routers ca. 2014 will handle packets with
                 modified IPv4 and IPv6 headers, to forward the
                 packets the ISP network of the ETR, without
                 encapsulation, its overheads and PMTUD problems?

                 If so, then maybe we could go straight to this
                 approach and forget about encapsulation and all
                 its complexities.


Hi Dino,

Thanks for your reply:

> Sorry for the long email,

We are attempting to re-engineer one of humanity's most excellent and
important communication networks.  Long detailed messages are often
appropriate.


>>   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be considered a
>>   potentially practical solution.  Some of these problems require
>
> LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let me point out that
> every design has fundamental problems. At this scale, it's very
> hard to be perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so many times, the
> hard decisions must be made to incrementally deploy this. So things
> might not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you got to do what
> you got to do. Else, this will all be academic.

I wasn't suggesting a proposal should be perfect.  I pointed out
problems which I consider to be fundamental - not "on the surface".
Some can be fixed by adding new design elements, but I think the
others are only fixable by radically altering the current design.

I stand corrected about LISP's approach to PMTUD - the latest draft
does include an outline of a workable solution.


> We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not lip
> service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the
> Internet, this is serious.

I have always known you and the other LISP folks really care for the
Net and are working hard to devise the best possible improvements.

Despite it only having had broad-based commercial, political and
inter-personal impact in the last 15 years, the Internet is a
momentous development in human relations.  We all want to see changes
which will enable it to remain technically viable - and hopefully
elegant - for the long-term future.

However, I think you jumped straight into some seemingly attractive
approaches which turn out to have problems I consider to be serious.

It seems that you and the APT folks thought for a few moments about a
real-time mapping system and figured it was out of the question.  I
think it is not at all out of the question - and when you have
real-time mapping distribution, you can do some elegant and valuable
things:

1 - Separate out reachability testing and ETR choice mechanisms and
    let (actually require) the end-user networks to do it themselves
    - or pay someone else to do it for them.

2 - Enable the end-user networks to do real-time incoming TE control.

3 - Send the mapping update stream to local query servers, so there
    is reliable and very fast responses to mapping requests - and
    therefore no need to delay or drop initial packets.

4 - Charge a small fee per update to pay for most of the mapping
    distribution system.

5 - Provide much better support for the TTR approach to mobility:

      http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/TTR-Mobility.pdf

I think the ALT system is a lot niftier than CONS, but still, you are
delaying initial packets (APT and Ivip are not), forcing every ITR to
do its own reachability testing and monolithically integrating those
testing and ETR choice mechanisms into the core-edge separation
scheme itself.

I don't think we should be rushed into thinking we can't possibly
have local full-database query servers in ISPs and larger end-user
networks, or that it is impossible to push the mapping to them in a
few seconds (real-time).  One advantage of the real-time approach
over LISP-ALT, APT's approach or the TRRP DNS-like global query
server approach is that it is streamlined and includes multiple
mapping changes (dozens or perhaps a hundred IPv4 mapping changes) in
a single packet.


> I want to address each of your 7 points below. I have cc'ed the
> lisp@ietf.org mailing list so the folks who want to focus on details of
> LISP can see this thread.

OK, we are also transmitting to routing-discussion@ietf.org and
int-area@ietf.org .


>> 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.  This is either
>>    due to sending the packets along the ALT network (which takes
>>    time and involves sending substantial volumes of data packets
>>    over the ALT network, rather than just mapping requests) or to
>>    sending mapping requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
>>    response before it attempts to send traffic packets.
> 
> We have a memory/bandwidth tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design
> call. I'd rather have mappings cached and timed out so they can be
> updated when they need to then to hold all the possible mappings for the
> Internet in an ITR.
> 
> There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all possible
> mappings or you fetch them when you need them.

That is the dichotomy between LISP-CONS/ALT and LISP-NERD.  However
there is another approach (APT and Ivip): full push to local query
servers.

RAM and hard drive space is very cheap.  The query servers don't need
to be Cisco-style routers.  They can be COTS or high-reliability
rack-mount PCs - with gigabytes of RAM and terabytes of hard disk
storage.

In Ivip, IPv4 mapping consists of 12 bytes:

  Start of the micronet  (32 bits)
  Length of the micronet (32 bits, but typically 16 or less)
  ETR address            (32 bits)

So if you have a COTS server with 16GB of RAM (this will no-doubt be
the common amount of RAM in PCs by the time a core-edge separation
scheme is deployed) then you can easily dedicate 12GB for mapping
information.  That is a billion micronets (more or less, depending on
the storage format), which will do the trick for many years to come.
 (IPv6 mapping is more bloated, but there is a longer time-frame for
implementing millions or billions of IPv6 micronets - time for RAM to
get cheaper still).

I think you - and the designers of APT and TRRP - have been somewhat
captive to established ways of thinking about how to solve a
"routing" problem: with more "routing" style structures.  This means
more routers, more messages and replies zipping around the world etc.
 It doesn't have to be like this.

I need to do more work on the fast-push system of Ivip - but you are
welcome to critique it in its current form:

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip-db-fast-push-00

If your design choice with LISP is optimal, or the only one you think
is available, then you should be able to point out why it is
impractical or undesirable to use an approach such as Ivip's:
real-time fast push on a global basis to local query servers, with
local pull from there to ITRs, followed by pushed updates from the
query server to the ITRs if a micronet's mapping changes within the
caching time of the mapping reply.

Likewise, you presumably have a critique about the practicality or
desirability of APT: slow push to local query servers (Default
Mappers) in each ISP, local pull from ITRs querying the Default
Mappers, local push of mapping updates from DMs to those ITRs which
need it (I think) and (again, my recollection) the Default Mappers,
rather than the ITRs, doing reachability testing and choosing which
ITR address an ITR uses.

The Net will soon be delivering gigabytes of video data to homes, in
near-real-time, for a few dollars.  Generally, a packet can be sent
from any host to any other host in 0.2 seconds or less.

In this scenario, why do you think global push to local query servers
- including high-speed, real-time push - is impractical or
undesirable?


>>    According to: http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
>>    & 11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
>>    packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we think
>>    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough potential adopters
>>    would - and therefore make it difficult or impossible for LISP or
>>    any other such solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
>>    routing scaling problem.
> 
> Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based bridged network with
> basically the same properties. First packet loss is not persistent when
> you look at all the traffic that originates from a source site to
> another destination site.

This doesn't apply to small end-user networks.  If there are to be
hundreds of millions of these sites, meaning hundreds of millions of
EIDs or (Ivip) micronets - then these are mainly going to be small
"sites", such as home offices, or more likely mobile devices.  The
initial packet delay will directly impact usability, since there may
only be one human user at each such "site".

If many small "sites" use a common ITRs in a large ISP, there will be
less trouble with this, since it will be more common for one site to
generate a packet to some EID/micronet which the ITR has mapping
from, due to another "site" sending a packet there too.  However, the
frequent delay of initial packets (actually, it seems you are
planning to drop all initial packets) will still be a problem.

If LISP is not meant to scale to a hundred million or a billion or
whatever "sites", then by whatever same smaller target number of
EIDs, micronets or whatever, this would make alternative approaches
such as Ivip or APT even more immune from whatever scalability
critiques you might make of them.

> The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the host, you
> could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is available. 

On IPv4, with most human-used hosts behind NAT, you can't put a LISP
ITR in the sending host, because the map reply won't come back to the
host.

In a scenario in which LISP is widely - ubiquitously - deployed, many
DNS servers are going to be on EID space.  This means the ITR will
often need to do a mapping lookup before it can send a DNS request.
The sending host will be on EID space and so the DNS server's ITR
will need to do a mapping lookup too before it can send the return
packet.  This will suck to a high degree in the current arrangement
where the DNS server sends a single packet.  The ITR of the DNS
server will drop that packet and send a mapping request for the
original sending host's EID.  Then, after a while, the sending host
will realise it got no DNS response.  If it sends the same request to
the same DNS server, it will get a response back quickly, since now,
the DNS server's ITR has the sending host's mapping in its cache.

But what if the sending hosts does it it might reasonably do: send
the request to a different DNS server?  Then the same pattern as
above occurs again.


> Guess
> what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get the DNS Reply. ;-) I
> wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host needs an address to make
> the connection, we can say it also needs a locator to make a connection.

So you are proposing that every DNS reply also include full LISP
mapping for every one or more EIDs of the one or more IP addresses
returned?  I doubt if that will always fit in one packet.

> The design choice of LISP *is to just change software in CPE devices* to
> get the feature of decoupling rather than changing all the hosts at a
> site. 

OK . . . LISP mutates again!   I have been following LISP intently
since about March 2007 and I don't recall any mention of changes to
hosts or to CPE - by which I guess you mean DSL, cable and fibre
router/firewalls.

Do you propose putting the ITR function in the DSL
modem-router-firewall?  That is not such a bad idea, since it has
(presumably) a public IP address and so can receive the map reply
message from the globally distant query server (in the case of LISP,
the mapping queries are typically answered by the destination
end-user network's ETR).

Ivip has the option for putting ITR functions in a sending host which
has a public address, or in a device such as a
DSL-modem-router-firewall.  It would not be out of the question to
put an ITR function in the sending host behind NAT, but then the
sending host would need to build a persistent tunnel through NAT to
the one or more local query servers - in order to receive mapping
updates from those query servers.  That is possible, but not part of
the current plan.

> That's a huge deployment advantage.

I don't see any advantage in terms of deployment, since it involves
changes to more and more equipment, including customer equipment.
Ivip's ITFH (ITR Function in Host) is optional - if it is cheap and
convenient to do this for servers or devices like DSL-routers, then
by all means do so.  It only makes sense when the device is
well-connected.  It would be a bad idea to put an ITR function in a
host or router at the edge of the network connected by a slow,
expensive or unreliable link such as a wireless link.

> So these CPE devices get packets before they have mappings.

OK - for instance, the ITR function is in a DSL-modem-router-firewall
device.

> We don't even want to consider a host
> to CPE router signaling protocol and all it's complexities to solve this
> and to keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop on DNS, SIP,
> or any other protocol that can give us a hint on where the host is about
> to send a packet.

I agree.


> So the cost is *either* first packet loss or sending the packet on the
> ALT using it as a request for a mapping.

These are not the only choices.

Another choice is to using a different architecture with local query
servers - as does APT and Ivip.   I think you have approached this
without thinking widely enough about the alternative ways of doing
things which are different from traditional approaches like routers
and DNS.

If you send the packet on the ALT network (for the purposes of
delivering it to the ETR ASAP, as well as to elicit a mapping reply
from that ETR) then you are going to greatly increase the volume of
traffic on the ALT network.  Many of these packets will be short -
but what if someone sends a 1500 or 9000 byte packet?

If you don't send the packet via the ALT network, then you either
drop it, or delay it until the mapping arrives.  But that could be
longer than 0.5 or 1.0 seconds, considering how many ALT routers the
mapping request packet needs to go through to get to the ETR, how
these ALT routers could be all over the world, and how the ETR could
be on the other side of the world anyway.  This is a lot slower than
the current system which usually takes 0.2 seconds or less to
delivers packet anywhere in the world.  (The round trip from
Melbourne Australia to Latvia is about 400ms.)


>> 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
>>      http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
>>      http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
>>
>>      [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.  Could
>>       be partially solved by more meshiness, but that would greatly
>>       increase the complexity of the network and so raise more
>>       scaling problems.]
> 
> Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So it's not really
> *another* problem.

In terms of delaying packets, I agree.  Do you agree the long-path
critique is valid?

The long path involves more than delay.  It involves traffic flowing
(often) all around the world due to the fact that the highly
aggregated structure of the ALT network will frequently result in
different levels of the ALT hierarchy of routers being distributed
all around the globe, since the physical location of organisations
who are responsible for various parts of the address space does not
correlate very strongly with geography or the topology of the Net.

This is a traffic burden, particularly if you are sending initial
packets on the ALT network for ASAP delivery to the ETR, rather than
just map requests.  (However, Ivip involves pumping mapping
information around the globe anyway, and if your ALT network only
handles requests, not traffic packets, the actual volume of traffic
should not be too much of a problem.)

Each operator of each ALT router needs to have a commercial
relationship with those other ALT routers they connect with.
Otherwise, why would they accept the traffic?  I haven't seen any
business plan for the commercial relationships which pay for the ALT
routers and their traffic.

Ivip's fast push system involves a charge per update, which will
finance the construction and running costs of most of the fast-push
system, which will be run collectively by the various RUAS (Root
Update Authorisation System) companies, each of which generates the
real-time mapping changes for multiple MABs (Mapped Address Blocks -
BGP-advertised prefixes encompassing thousands, or hundreds of
thousands of micronets).


>> 3 - Problems creating a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
>>    speed the flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
>>    making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
>>    tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it is
>>    an obvious problem.
> 
> If we can do this with BGP, which we have decades of existence proof why
> can't we do this with a tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be rehomed
> much quicker and easily than physical links and boxes we have to do with
> today, allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the ALT network,
> and 2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust connectivity below
> the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will be less route-flaps
> for EID-prefixes.

I don't recall any prior mention of rapidly reconstructing tunnels to
maintain the ALT topology.  I agree with your point 2 that the
tunnels will be reasonably robust due to relying on existing
connectivity which is generally ensured by BGP.

But what happens when two ALT routers loose their connection for a
moment?  Do they try to set up one or more tunnels with the same role
in the ALT topology as the one which just died?  This is your point
1.  It could get messy, but I guess it could be done, by using other
interfaces which, for some reason (I guess) have connectivity while
the interfaces used for the first tunnel don't.  But that is the sort
of situation which I think BGP would naturally resolve, generally in
a few seconds or less.

My concern is more about what happens if an ALT router dies.   In
your highly aggregated hierarchy, a mid-level ALT router is a single
point of failure for sending mapping requests to all the ETRs in the
branch below this router and from all the ITRs in that branch to ETRs
outside the branch.

When a mid-level router dies, you can't just re-establish tunnels -
it is dead.  The routers below need to establish tunnels to another
ALT router which can take the dead one's place.

How is this going to work?  Say one lower-level router finds it can't
reach the mid-level router in question, it is going to assume the
mid-level router is dead.  So the lower-level router tries to set up
a tunnel to the one or more backups.  If it does so, either this
won't work at all, or the next level up will have to adapt to the
original mid-level router having routes for most of its patch of the
ALT address space, but with the backup having the router for the
smaller patch of space handled by the lower-level router which just
made a tunnel to the backup mid-level router.

> I think it's the complete opposite of what you claim. I think BGP will
> be more stable and scalable then the underlying BGP. 

I assume you mean that the BGP of the ALT network, operating over
tunnels, will be more stable than the BGP of the Internet.  This is
your point 2, and I largely agree.  But what if an ALT router dies?

> Plus, what we
> propose for the use-case of BGP uses quite a few features of it. Recall
> this is eBGP over GRE.
> 
> We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness of nodes
> on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a Map-Request takes
> on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we can see the
> diameter of the tunnel. 

I don't understand "diameter" in this context.

> Not only do we have a solution but we use
> existing rudimentary tools for management.
> 
> And the address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT topology.
> And if the Registries are involved in managing part of this ALT network
> (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this consistent
> relationship.
> 
> Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge Robin.

I am sure you can make the ALT network reasonably robust, at a cost
of complexity and with a loss of the original attractive design goal:
a very high degree of aggregation.

I imagine you can reduce the excessively long paths by collapsing the
network as much as possible to reduce the number of levels a packet
typically has to ascend and descend.  This will reduce the
"long-path" problem significantly.  But then, each participating
mid-level ALT router (there are fewer of them) covers a larger part
of the address space, and my concerns above become more acute, when
such a router fails or becomes really unreachable.

I imagine you can reduce the geographical scatter component of the
long-path problem by centralizing the ALT routers geographically.
However, that privileges some operators and creates costs and
difficulties for others.

I still think it is fundamentally wrong to have a global query server
network for any system like this, where waiting for mapping replies
involves delaying or dropping traffic packets.

I think a much better solution is to push the mapping to local query
servers in each ISP (APT and Ivip) - and into any larger end-user
networks which want to run their own local query servers (Ivip) so
their ITRs can get marginally faster, more reliable, responses than
by using the query servers of their ISPs.


> There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have secured the
> ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for routing use. In
> fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the ALT to be
> verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying BGP.

PKI is a great idea, but I think most people believe it is highly
desirable to find solutions which do not require it.


> And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2
> address-families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That
> means we can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk to each
> other.
> 
> If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you could talk to
> the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty huge feature.
> 
> This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs, no CGNS, and no
> applications breaking.

Are you discussing just the mapping queries going over the ALT
network?  Or are you discussing the use of LISP to enable, for
instance, two IPv6 sites to communicate via the IPv4 Internet, while
one or both sites has no native IPv6 connectivity?   A concrete
example would help.


>> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
> 
> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do
> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them. The
> decoupling of the address creates this. 

Christian's critique is not that an end-user network which has
(permanently, by some arrangement) a slice of EID space is bound to
its current ISP (the one it uses for connectivity).

The critique is on this potentially erroneous basis: that the
end-user network is bound to maintaining connectivity (via a tunnel)
to the ALT router which handles this part of the EID space.  It needs
to do this so mapping queries for its EID space will get to its ETR.

The potentially faulty aspect of this is the assumption that the
end-user network runs its own ETR.

But if its one or more ISPs run the ETR this end-user network uses,
then the end-user network still depends on those ETRs having tunnels
to potentially distant ALT router for its section of the EID space.

I don't know if anyone has considered the scaling problems of a busy
ETR maintaining tunnels to about as many ALT routers as the end-user
networks it handles packets for.

The ALT router for this section of the EID space will, I assume, be
located at some ISP somewhere, or some other commercial organisation
which rents out the EID space to this end-user network.

Maybe that organisation is an RIR.  But when this scales to tens or
hundreds of millions of end-user networks (I assume this is a goal of
LISP - it is of Ivip) I doubt if RIRs will want to be dealing with a
hundred million end-user networks directly, either for address
assignment or for tunnels to receive mapping requests to their ETRs
from the ALT network.

For these large scaling arrangements, there will need to be
potentially multiple levels of address splitting.  Ivip allows for
this, and for multiple levels of companies providing interfaces to
accept mapping changes from end-user networks (or more likely from
reachability testing companies they hire) and funnelling them to the
limited number of RUAS organisations which run the fast-push mapping
distribution system.

Any way you do this core-edge separation business - LISP, APT, Ivip
or TRRP - if the end-user network gets a patch of stable address
space to call their own, year after year, then that network is going
to depend on some company or other organisation for that space.  The
end-user network will need to pay for this, and depend on the
organisation to handle mapping.

In the case of LISP-ALT, the organisation needs to run (or have
someone else run) an ALT router (plus backups) which has a tunnel to
the ETRs in the ISPs which the end-user network is currently using
for access.  If that organisation's ALT routers go down, it is not
the fault of the access ISPs - it is up to the end-user network to
ensure it obtains its EID address from an organisation which provides
a reliable ALT router service.

Also - assuming the space is covered by a PTR in order to provide
100% multihomed service for packets sent from hosts in non-upgraded
networks - this organisation has to run PTRs which covers this
end-user's EID space.  For this to be scalable (not to bloat the DFZ
routing table excessively, as we go to millions of end-user networks
with EID/micronet space), the PTRs needs to advertise a prefix which
covers the EID space of thousands or hundreds of thousands of
separate end-user networks.

Since the sending hosts (in non-upgraded networks) could be anywhere
in the world and since the ISPs used by all these end-user networks
(covered by the one BGP advertised route) could be anywhere in the
world, in order to ensure reasonably direct path for traffic packets,
there needs to be a largish number of PTRs physically all over the
Net.  Then the organisation which runs this PTR system needs to
recover costs from individual end-user networks according to the
traffic the PTRs carry.   (This is the Ivip business model for
OITRDs.  I am stating this as an imperative for LISP, because I can't
imagine any other business model for PTRs.)

In the case of Ivip, the equivalent organisation needs to do the same
as just stated for OITRDs and provide the real-time mapping
distribution service, with a small charge per update.

Either way, the end-user network has a long-term technical and
commercial dependency on whichever organisation supplies its EID
(LISP) or micronet (Ivip) address space.  This is why my message
continued to state that a problem such as this is common to all
core-edge separation schemes:

      [Fix?  Seems to be a fundamental problem, but every core-edge
       separation scheme involves supplying stable EID, micronet etc.
       address space to end-user networks, so there must be some
       kind of dependence on some organisation - though not
       necessarily an ISP.]

      {Experiments?  There's no need for experiment - problems such
       as this can be clearly foreseen.}

So while I could take this off the list of "unresolved" problems for
LISP, since other schemes have comparable problems - I think LISP
could be improved by more clearly stating the types of commercial and
technical relationships each participating end-user network will rely
upon.  Also, the physical distance to the ALT router from wherever
the end-user network's ETRs are directly affects the delay
experienced at the start of sessions.  I think that is part of
Christian Vogt's concern.

I think I have done a better job of explaining all this with Ivip's
business model for OITRDs:

  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html

> The dependence is now on the
> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you get
> your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain would
> only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
> mobile ASes out of this for now).

I think a good core-edge separation scheme should make the EID
(micronet) space entirely portable, with little or no compromise in
performance or costs regarding mapping no matter where the end-user
network chooses to connect its EID space (or some part of it) to the Net.

This is easier for Ivip, since the mapping change command only
involves a few dozen bytes and is made quite infrequently.

For LISP-ALT, the mapping connection is an incoming stream of
requests or initial packets which also function as requests.  It is
time-sensitive, since only when a response arrives at the ITR can
communications without delay begin.  So the physical proximity (delay
and reliability) between the ALT router for this section of the EID
address space and the the ETRs of the ISPs currently used by the
end-user network is really important.  I don't mean San Jose to LA
distances - I mean Australia to the USA, Germany to China etc.

These do seem to be a fundamental difference between LISP-ALT and
Ivip.  However, both systems will only work well with a widespread
set of PTRs/OITRDs.


>> 5 - Path MTU Discovery problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
>>    others discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
>>    proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
>>    they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no problem.
> 
> In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe two proposed
> solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The stateful
> creates no new table data structures but requires storing an addition
> 2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.

OK - I apologise for stating that you thought there was no problem.

I haven't considered MTU problems of sending traffic packets along
the ALT network, in its GRE tunnels (which impose their own
encapsulation overhead) - but I understand the current LISP test
network doesn't send traffic packets over ALT.  It is my impression
that your long-term plans are to use the ALT network only for short
map request messages, not go get initial traffic packets to the ETR ASAP.

Version 08 (2008-07-10) introduced a stateless technique and version
11 (2008-12-19) adds a stateful approach, derived from the OpenLISP
project, who regarded the stateless approach as inadequate.

My assessment of both approaches is in a separate message:

  LISP PMTU - 2 methods in draft-farinacci-lisp-11
  http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000885.html

I think the stateless section is poorly written and ill-conceived.
The stateless approach for IPv4 DF=1 packets and IPv6 packets (that
is, virtually all traffic) would limit traffic packets to 1464 bytes
(IPv4) or 1444 bytes (IPv6).  Only once there was jumboframe links
between every ITR and ETR could L be globally adjusted upwards from
1500 bytes to ~9000 bytes or whatever - but this would not be
possible for a decade or two.  Fred Templin expressed the same
concerns in a recent RRG message.

The Stateful approach, which I understand is derived from OpenLISP,
is similar to Ivip's approach:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/

I need to write this up as an I-D, but it is a more detailed spec
than your LISP approach, with mechanisms for occasionally testing for
MTUs longer than the assumed limit and for strictly minimising the
number of traffic packets which are used to probe the PMTU.  Every
packet whose length, once encapsulated, is in the "zone of
uncertainty" for this ETR is either delivered or rejected with a PTB.
   The former raises the lower limit to the zone and the latter
reduces the upper limit.


>> 6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
>>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html
> 
> You cannot fault a technical design for a business case. 

A complete solution to the routing scaling problem involves much more
than a technical design.

All the technical stuff (sometimes split into "architecture" vs.
"engineering") needs to facilitate someone wanting to build and run
each part of it - which generally means they (or someone not too far
removed from them) needs to be able to make money from it.


> A PTR is
> solving a technical problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI
> type routes out of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just way
> too high in opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.
> 
> And on the contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect
> providers, registries, third-parties and even governments will provide
> PTR services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that remains
> to be seen.

I think my critique is valid - you seem to have no business case for
LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers.

You are welcome to adopt the Ivip approach for address management and
OITRDs:

  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html

This is directly applicable to LISP and PTRs, as long as you have a
concept of a Mapped Address Block, containing many EIDs.  For that to
be the case, you need to develop business arrangements concerning who
really "owns" the MAB and how they rent this space out as EID space
for thousands of end-user networks.


>> 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of ITRs each
>>    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise, one ITR probing
>>    reachability to many ETRs - this is one view of the "Locator Path
>>    Liveness Problem" of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
>>    http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html
> 
> That is not in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)
> 
> Dave and Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing can
> be. They do not take a position whether it should go into any proposal.
> They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may result and can
> be an interpretation to not do probing at all.

The scaling problem of thousands of ITRs continually test
reachability for one ETR (or to every ETR on the LISP mapping list
for a given EID), plus reachability through each ETR to a given
destination network, or of each ITR having to test reachability to
thousands or tens of thousands of ETRs have been obvious from the
start: early 2007.

This is true of LISP, TRRP and to a somewhat lesser extent APT. (I
haven't read RANGER yet.)

Only Ivip avoids these scaling problems by making the end-user
network responsible for their reachability testing and for deciding
which ETR the packets for each micronet should be tunneled to.


> Like I mentioned in a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the
> question if an ITR *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there
> *may* be a path failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*. Please
> note my very fine qualifications.
> 
> If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a
> host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't happen
> today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't last long
> *and* rerouting actually works quite well.
> 
> Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The
> fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".
> 
> What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP
> Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are
> filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to
> packet sources.

The alternative has been available to you and anyone else since July
2007: Ivip.  A fast-push mapping system to local query servers means
the ITRs don't need to test reachability or make any decisions about
which ETR to use.  The mapping has a single ETR address.

What is wrong with this approach?


>>> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
>>> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
>>> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
>>> a proof by an emphatic assertion.
>>
>> I agree entirely.
>>
>> I believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
>> by participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.
> 
> We were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So
> the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be presented in
> RRG.

OK.

> As for the engineering issues, the real details and bits and bytes, we
> want a forum to discuss and work out issues in an open forum. I've been
> going to IETF for 20 years now, that forum is called a working group.
> 
> The working group doesn't have to standardize what it is working on. And
> the charter and the numerous requests we have made requests *for an
> experimental working group*.

I think this is fine.

However, I think there are sufficient fundamental, well known
problems with LISP-ALT that if this was my proposal, I would fix them
before asking people in general to join an IETF WG and help me with
it - or drop the proposal.


>> Experiments won't help solve most of these problems.  I am not
>> against experimentation and I think it is great that there is a LISP
>> experimental network.
>>
>> However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
>> code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
>> implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental problems.
> 
> There is constant implementation feedback back into the design.
> Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start with
> something you think can hold together, you try things out, you refine,
> you revisit design, you go forward with implementation. That's the
> process of *detailed* engineering.
>
> For the old timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.

I am all for detailed engineering, running tests etc.  However, the
worst problems I perceive with LISP-ALT will not be illuminated by
any amount of testing, as I explained in the message you are
responding to.


Do you think Ivip is so overblown and over-complex that it warrant's
no serious consideration?

Just because I write stuff in detail doesn't mean the system itself
is over-complex.  Ivip ITRs and ETRs are much simpler than LISP ITRs
and ETRs.


I have been giving your work the honour of detailed critiques for 18
months.  I would appreciate you and your colleagues returning the
favour by reading:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/Ivip-summary.pdf

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip-db-fast-push-00

  Ivip business models: fast push & OITRDs
  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html

and telling me - and the RRG - what you think.


Also, I am keen to know from you, your Cisco colleagues and from the
folks at Juniper how practical it would be to create firmware
upgrades for all the DFZ routers in use ca. 2014 or whatever -
whenever the routing scaling solution is to be implemented.

I think it is practical and highly desirable to encode the ETR
address in the IPv4 header (actually 30 bits, which is fine) or a 20
bit prefix label in the IPv6 header.  Then, in the longer term, we
don't need encapsulation, its complexity, its overhead and its damn
PMTUD problems.

As far as I know, both these proposals could be implemented as
firmware upgrades, or built-in optional features, in the DFZ routers
which are likely to be in use in 5 years time, but only you guys can
say this is so or not:

  ETR Address Forwarding (EAF) - for IPv4
  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip4-etr-addr-forw-01

  Prefix Label Forwarding (PLF) - for IPv6
  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/ivip6/

Maybe we can do that in time for the introduction of the routing
scaling solution - and thereby completely avoid encapsulation and its
PMTUD complexities.


On mobility - what is your objection to this arrangement?  ETR-like
Translating Tunnel Routers with two-way encrypted tunnels to mobile
nodes.  Mapping only changes to a new TTR when one is really needed 0
which is typically only when the MN moves 1000km or more.  So mapping
changes are not at all frequent and in particular are not needed
every time the MN gets a new CoA:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/TTR-Mobility.pdf


If I was proposing to the IETF that a WG be formed for my project, I
would first want to establish for myself - and for IETF people in
general - that my project was either the best in its class, or one of
the very few with the most promise.

I don't see how you can do that when you fail to read - or at least
fail to discuss in public - alternative schemes to LISP.

Ivip and APT are broadly comparable to LISP - they are all core-edge
elimination schemes for both IPv4 and IPv6.  They are both well
enough documented to be suitable for serious critiques from anyone
who believes LISP's approach is superior.

Just because you have more people - with more experience and
resources - working on LISP and have running code, doesn't mean your
LISP-ALT design is better than APT or Ivip.


  - Robin

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Date: Tue, 27 Jan 2009 12:58:29 -0500
From: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>
To: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
Message-ID: <20090127175829.GL39727@cisco.com>
Mail-Followup-To: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>, Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org, rrg@irtf.org, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>, John Zwiebel <jzwiebel@cisco.com>
References: <9b942cbb0901251306h5cf184dbob1e672fce4b31dc2@mail.gmail.com> <20090125212608.GA12742@1-4-5.net> <9b942cbb0901251349g105c86d9m98c54ba1b5596ec0@mail.gmail.com> <FE47C611-5A41-44D5-8BDE-E531BFAEA902@cisco.com> <9b942cbb0901251553u710be191s1dc960c4dd150ac8@mail.gmail.com> <9b942cbb0901251306h5cf184dbob1e672fce4b31dc2@mail.gmail.com> <20090125212608.GA12742@1-4-5.net> <9b942cbb0901251349g105c86d9m98c54ba1b5596ec0@mail.gmail.com> <9b942cbb0901251306h5cf184dbob1e672fce4b31dc2@mail.gmail.com>
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I don't know which of the lists this is going to should be trimmed, or
I would gladly do so.

Excerpts from Benson Schliesser on Sun, Jan 25, 2009 05:53:49PM -0600:
> My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he
> announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great
> from a routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to
> another net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID
> into the ALT via that path if I wanted to continue serving that EID
> during an outage of my primary (asp) connectivity?

You peer with your upstream ALT routers based on prefixes they are
responsible for, and where the ALT routers are doesn't (necessarily)
follow physical topology.  For any prefix there will probably be more
than one upstream ALT router.  Yes, you announce your prefix to all
upstream ALT routers responsible for the shorter including prefix.
Table size should be minimal, depending on how things are configured
in your neighborhood.  It could just be default from each.  At most it
would be a set of highest-level prefixes, maybe some special ones, and
some longer ones for local efficiency.  

> At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary
> upstream sees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path.
> So do all of my xTRs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID
> allocators in order to avoid de-aggregation in the ALT tables while
> maintaining fault tolerant connectivity? What happens if an AS-wide
> fault takes down all of my allocator's ALT routers? I understand
> that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlying network's
> routing regardless.

Allocation is decoupled from ALT routers.  RIRs may run high-level ALT
routers but there may be intermediate ones too.  For a particular
prefix there should be multiple redundant ALT routers.  For the most
part they need to be within the region in which they are most used,
even though some prefixes may be allocated and then move to completely
different continents.

> It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network
> engineering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT traffic
> engineering, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web will probably
> have a moderate collection of EID mappings that stay refreshed (Google,
> Twitter, corp intranet, etc) and a small collection of mappings that get
> used and expire (my blog, which nobody reads twice). This is different from
> an xTR in front of a public website, which will basically build a huge
> collection of mappings and have to worry more about the database size than
> anything else.

Right.  The range in possible tactics is huge, and they all work as
long as they speak the same protocol.  

Scott
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> You peer with your upstream ALT routers based on prefixes they are
> responsible for, and where the ALT routers are doesn't (necessarily)
> follow physical topology.  For any prefix there will probably be more
> than one upstream ALT router.  Yes, you announce your prefix to all
> upstream ALT routers responsible for the shorter including prefix.
> Table size should be minimal, depending on how things are configured
> in your neighborhood.  It could just be default from each.  At most it
> would be a set of highest-level prefixes, maybe some special ones, and
> some longer ones for local efficiency.

And your neighborhood really doesn't need back-doors so we can keep  
the ALT hierarchical by shaping it as an acyclic tree and not a mesh  
of trees or a mess of links connecting up and down at *different*  
hierarchical levels like the underlying Internet is configured today.

Dino

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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Robin Whittle" <rw@firstpr.com.au>, "RRG" <rrg@irtf.org>
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Robin, 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Robin Whittle [mailto:rw@firstpr.com.au] 
> Sent: Monday, January 26, 2009 11:18 PM
> To: RRG
> Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org; 
> lisp@ietf.org; Dino Farinacci
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from 
> the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> Short version:   Responding to Dino's reply to my critiques of LISP.
> 
>                  The LISP team should do detailed critiques of APT
>                  and Ivip as part of convincing IETF folks of the
>                  merits of LISP-ALT.
> 
>                  Will it be possible to do firmware upgrades so all
>                  DFZ routers ca. 2014 will handle packets with
>                  modified IPv4 and IPv6 headers, to forward the
>                  packets the ISP network of the ETR, without
>                  encapsulation, its overheads and PMTUD problems?
> 
>                  If so, then maybe we could go straight to this
>                  approach and forget about encapsulation and all
>                  its complexities.
> 
> 
> Hi Dino,
> 
> Thanks for your reply:
> 
> > Sorry for the long email,
> 
> We are attempting to re-engineer one of humanity's most excellent and
> important communication networks.  Long detailed messages are often
> appropriate.
> 
> 
> >>   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be considered a
> >>   potentially practical solution.  Some of these problems require
> >
> > LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let me point out that
> > every design has fundamental problems. At this scale, it's very
> > hard to be perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so many times, the
> > hard decisions must be made to incrementally deploy this. So things
> > might not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you got to do what
> > you got to do. Else, this will all be academic.
> 
> I wasn't suggesting a proposal should be perfect.  I pointed out
> problems which I consider to be fundamental - not "on the surface".
> Some can be fixed by adding new design elements, but I think the
> others are only fixable by radically altering the current design.
> 
> I stand corrected about LISP's approach to PMTUD - the latest draft
> does include an outline of a workable solution.

I don't know if you were fishing for a response, but the
stateful solution outlined in the latest LISP draft still
has problems. It should also be mentioned that the approach
(drop first; return PTBs for subsequent) is not new and
has been proposed many times over the years.

The approach in the current LISP draft still relies on ICMPs
coming from anonymous network middleboxes (which Dino himself
has said that we cannot depend on), and provides insufficient
means for authenticating any ICMPs that may come. For example,
even if the ICMPs were delivered, and even if they included
the LISP nonce, it would be impractical for the ITR to cache
enough nonces of enough recently-sent packets especially at
high data rates. So, the only option is to ignore ICMPs
(leads to black holes) or honor ICMPs (leads to denial
of large packet service).

I have said this before, but AFAICT DF=1 is busted.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com 


> > We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not lip
> > service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the
> > Internet, this is serious.
> 
> I have always known you and the other LISP folks really care for the
> Net and are working hard to devise the best possible improvements.
> 
> Despite it only having had broad-based commercial, political and
> inter-personal impact in the last 15 years, the Internet is a
> momentous development in human relations.  We all want to see changes
> which will enable it to remain technically viable - and hopefully
> elegant - for the long-term future.
> 
> However, I think you jumped straight into some seemingly attractive
> approaches which turn out to have problems I consider to be serious.
> 
> It seems that you and the APT folks thought for a few moments about a
> real-time mapping system and figured it was out of the question.  I
> think it is not at all out of the question - and when you have
> real-time mapping distribution, you can do some elegant and valuable
> things:
> 
> 1 - Separate out reachability testing and ETR choice mechanisms and
>     let (actually require) the end-user networks to do it themselves
>     - or pay someone else to do it for them.
> 
> 2 - Enable the end-user networks to do real-time incoming TE control.
> 
> 3 - Send the mapping update stream to local query servers, so there
>     is reliable and very fast responses to mapping requests - and
>     therefore no need to delay or drop initial packets.
> 
> 4 - Charge a small fee per update to pay for most of the mapping
>     distribution system.
> 
> 5 - Provide much better support for the TTR approach to mobility:
> 
>       http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/TTR-Mobility.pdf
> 
> I think the ALT system is a lot niftier than CONS, but still, you are
> delaying initial packets (APT and Ivip are not), forcing every ITR to
> do its own reachability testing and monolithically integrating those
> testing and ETR choice mechanisms into the core-edge separation
> scheme itself.
> 
> I don't think we should be rushed into thinking we can't possibly
> have local full-database query servers in ISPs and larger end-user
> networks, or that it is impossible to push the mapping to them in a
> few seconds (real-time).  One advantage of the real-time approach
> over LISP-ALT, APT's approach or the TRRP DNS-like global query
> server approach is that it is streamlined and includes multiple
> mapping changes (dozens or perhaps a hundred IPv4 mapping changes) in
> a single packet.
> 
> 
> > I want to address each of your 7 points below. I have cc'ed the
> > lisp@ietf.org mailing list so the folks who want to focus 
> on details of
> > LISP can see this thread.
> 
> OK, we are also transmitting to routing-discussion@ietf.org and
> int-area@ietf.org .
> 
> 
> >> 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.  This is either
> >>    due to sending the packets along the ALT network (which takes
> >>    time and involves sending substantial volumes of data packets
> >>    over the ALT network, rather than just mapping requests) or to
> >>    sending mapping requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
> >>    response before it attempts to send traffic packets.
> > 
> > We have a memory/bandwidth tradeoff. So we have to make a 
> hard design
> > call. I'd rather have mappings cached and timed out so they can be
> > updated when they need to then to hold all the possible 
> mappings for the
> > Internet in an ITR.
> > 
> > There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store 
> all possible
> > mappings or you fetch them when you need them.
> 
> That is the dichotomy between LISP-CONS/ALT and LISP-NERD.  However
> there is another approach (APT and Ivip): full push to local query
> servers.
> 
> RAM and hard drive space is very cheap.  The query servers don't need
> to be Cisco-style routers.  They can be COTS or high-reliability
> rack-mount PCs - with gigabytes of RAM and terabytes of hard disk
> storage.
> 
> In Ivip, IPv4 mapping consists of 12 bytes:
> 
>   Start of the micronet  (32 bits)
>   Length of the micronet (32 bits, but typically 16 or less)
>   ETR address            (32 bits)
> 
> So if you have a COTS server with 16GB of RAM (this will no-doubt be
> the common amount of RAM in PCs by the time a core-edge separation
> scheme is deployed) then you can easily dedicate 12GB for mapping
> information.  That is a billion micronets (more or less, depending on
> the storage format), which will do the trick for many years to come.
>  (IPv6 mapping is more bloated, but there is a longer time-frame for
> implementing millions or billions of IPv6 micronets - time for RAM to
> get cheaper still).
> 
> I think you - and the designers of APT and TRRP - have been somewhat
> captive to established ways of thinking about how to solve a
> "routing" problem: with more "routing" style structures.  This means
> more routers, more messages and replies zipping around the world etc.
>  It doesn't have to be like this.
> 
> I need to do more work on the fast-push system of Ivip - but you are
> welcome to critique it in its current form:
> 
>   http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip-db-fast-push-00
> 
> If your design choice with LISP is optimal, or the only one you think
> is available, then you should be able to point out why it is
> impractical or undesirable to use an approach such as Ivip's:
> real-time fast push on a global basis to local query servers, with
> local pull from there to ITRs, followed by pushed updates from the
> query server to the ITRs if a micronet's mapping changes within the
> caching time of the mapping reply.
> 
> Likewise, you presumably have a critique about the practicality or
> desirability of APT: slow push to local query servers (Default
> Mappers) in each ISP, local pull from ITRs querying the Default
> Mappers, local push of mapping updates from DMs to those ITRs which
> need it (I think) and (again, my recollection) the Default Mappers,
> rather than the ITRs, doing reachability testing and choosing which
> ITR address an ITR uses.
> 
> The Net will soon be delivering gigabytes of video data to homes, in
> near-real-time, for a few dollars.  Generally, a packet can be sent
> from any host to any other host in 0.2 seconds or less.
> 
> In this scenario, why do you think global push to local query servers
> - including high-speed, real-time push - is impractical or
> undesirable?
> 
> 
> >>    According to: http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
> >>    & 11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
> >>    packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we think
> >>    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough potential adopters
> >>    would - and therefore make it difficult or impossible 
> for LISP or
> >>    any other such solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
> >>    routing scaling problem.
> > 
> > Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based bridged 
> network with
> > basically the same properties. First packet loss is not 
> persistent when
> > you look at all the traffic that originates from a source site to
> > another destination site.
> 
> This doesn't apply to small end-user networks.  If there are to be
> hundreds of millions of these sites, meaning hundreds of millions of
> EIDs or (Ivip) micronets - then these are mainly going to be small
> "sites", such as home offices, or more likely mobile devices.  The
> initial packet delay will directly impact usability, since there may
> only be one human user at each such "site".
> 
> If many small "sites" use a common ITRs in a large ISP, there will be
> less trouble with this, since it will be more common for one site to
> generate a packet to some EID/micronet which the ITR has mapping
> from, due to another "site" sending a packet there too.  However, the
> frequent delay of initial packets (actually, it seems you are
> planning to drop all initial packets) will still be a problem.
> 
> If LISP is not meant to scale to a hundred million or a billion or
> whatever "sites", then by whatever same smaller target number of
> EIDs, micronets or whatever, this would make alternative approaches
> such as Ivip or APT even more immune from whatever scalability
> critiques you might make of them.
> 
> > The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in 
> the host, you
> > could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is available. 
> 
> On IPv4, with most human-used hosts behind NAT, you can't put a LISP
> ITR in the sending host, because the map reply won't come back to the
> host.
> 
> In a scenario in which LISP is widely - ubiquitously - deployed, many
> DNS servers are going to be on EID space.  This means the ITR will
> often need to do a mapping lookup before it can send a DNS request.
> The sending host will be on EID space and so the DNS server's ITR
> will need to do a mapping lookup too before it can send the return
> packet.  This will suck to a high degree in the current arrangement
> where the DNS server sends a single packet.  The ITR of the DNS
> server will drop that packet and send a mapping request for the
> original sending host's EID.  Then, after a while, the sending host
> will realise it got no DNS response.  If it sends the same request to
> the same DNS server, it will get a response back quickly, since now,
> the DNS server's ITR has the sending host's mapping in its cache.
> 
> But what if the sending hosts does it it might reasonably do: send
> the request to a different DNS server?  Then the same pattern as
> above occurs again.
> 
> 
> > Guess
> > what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get the DNS 
> Reply. ;-) I
> > wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host needs an 
> address to make
> > the connection, we can say it also needs a locator to make 
> a connection.
> 
> So you are proposing that every DNS reply also include full LISP
> mapping for every one or more EIDs of the one or more IP addresses
> returned?  I doubt if that will always fit in one packet.
> 
> > The design choice of LISP *is to just change software in 
> CPE devices* to
> > get the feature of decoupling rather than changing all the 
> hosts at a
> > site. 
> 
> OK . . . LISP mutates again!   I have been following LISP intently
> since about March 2007 and I don't recall any mention of changes to
> hosts or to CPE - by which I guess you mean DSL, cable and fibre
> router/firewalls.
> 
> Do you propose putting the ITR function in the DSL
> modem-router-firewall?  That is not such a bad idea, since it has
> (presumably) a public IP address and so can receive the map reply
> message from the globally distant query server (in the case of LISP,
> the mapping queries are typically answered by the destination
> end-user network's ETR).
> 
> Ivip has the option for putting ITR functions in a sending host which
> has a public address, or in a device such as a
> DSL-modem-router-firewall.  It would not be out of the question to
> put an ITR function in the sending host behind NAT, but then the
> sending host would need to build a persistent tunnel through NAT to
> the one or more local query servers - in order to receive mapping
> updates from those query servers.  That is possible, but not part of
> the current plan.
> 
> > That's a huge deployment advantage.
> 
> I don't see any advantage in terms of deployment, since it involves
> changes to more and more equipment, including customer equipment.
> Ivip's ITFH (ITR Function in Host) is optional - if it is cheap and
> convenient to do this for servers or devices like DSL-routers, then
> by all means do so.  It only makes sense when the device is
> well-connected.  It would be a bad idea to put an ITR function in a
> host or router at the edge of the network connected by a slow,
> expensive or unreliable link such as a wireless link.
> 
> > So these CPE devices get packets before they have mappings.
> 
> OK - for instance, the ITR function is in a DSL-modem-router-firewall
> device.
> 
> > We don't even want to consider a host
> > to CPE router signaling protocol and all it's complexities 
> to solve this
> > and to keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop 
> on DNS, SIP,
> > or any other protocol that can give us a hint on where the 
> host is about
> > to send a packet.
> 
> I agree.
> 
> 
> > So the cost is *either* first packet loss or sending the 
> packet on the
> > ALT using it as a request for a mapping.
> 
> These are not the only choices.
> 
> Another choice is to using a different architecture with local query
> servers - as does APT and Ivip.   I think you have approached this
> without thinking widely enough about the alternative ways of doing
> things which are different from traditional approaches like routers
> and DNS.
> 
> If you send the packet on the ALT network (for the purposes of
> delivering it to the ETR ASAP, as well as to elicit a mapping reply
> from that ETR) then you are going to greatly increase the volume of
> traffic on the ALT network.  Many of these packets will be short -
> but what if someone sends a 1500 or 9000 byte packet?
> 
> If you don't send the packet via the ALT network, then you either
> drop it, or delay it until the mapping arrives.  But that could be
> longer than 0.5 or 1.0 seconds, considering how many ALT routers the
> mapping request packet needs to go through to get to the ETR, how
> these ALT routers could be all over the world, and how the ETR could
> be on the other side of the world anyway.  This is a lot slower than
> the current system which usually takes 0.2 seconds or less to
> delivers packet anywhere in the world.  (The round trip from
> Melbourne Australia to Latvia is about 400ms.)
> 
> 
> >> 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
> >>      http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
> >>      http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
> >>
> >>      [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.  Could
> >>       be partially solved by more meshiness, but that would greatly
> >>       increase the complexity of the network and so raise more
> >>       scaling problems.]
> > 
> > Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So it's not really
> > *another* problem.
> 
> In terms of delaying packets, I agree.  Do you agree the long-path
> critique is valid?
> 
> The long path involves more than delay.  It involves traffic flowing
> (often) all around the world due to the fact that the highly
> aggregated structure of the ALT network will frequently result in
> different levels of the ALT hierarchy of routers being distributed
> all around the globe, since the physical location of organisations
> who are responsible for various parts of the address space does not
> correlate very strongly with geography or the topology of the Net.
> 
> This is a traffic burden, particularly if you are sending initial
> packets on the ALT network for ASAP delivery to the ETR, rather than
> just map requests.  (However, Ivip involves pumping mapping
> information around the globe anyway, and if your ALT network only
> handles requests, not traffic packets, the actual volume of traffic
> should not be too much of a problem.)
> 
> Each operator of each ALT router needs to have a commercial
> relationship with those other ALT routers they connect with.
> Otherwise, why would they accept the traffic?  I haven't seen any
> business plan for the commercial relationships which pay for the ALT
> routers and their traffic.
> 
> Ivip's fast push system involves a charge per update, which will
> finance the construction and running costs of most of the fast-push
> system, which will be run collectively by the various RUAS (Root
> Update Authorisation System) companies, each of which generates the
> real-time mapping changes for multiple MABs (Mapped Address Blocks -
> BGP-advertised prefixes encompassing thousands, or hundreds of
> thousands of micronets).
> 
> 
> >> 3 - Problems creating a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
> >>    speed the flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
> >>    making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
> >>    tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it is
> >>    an obvious problem.
> > 
> > If we can do this with BGP, which we have decades of 
> existence proof why
> > can't we do this with a tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel 
> can be rehomed
> > much quicker and easily than physical links and boxes we 
> have to do with
> > today, allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the 
> ALT network,
> > and 2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust 
> connectivity below
> > the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will be less 
> route-flaps
> > for EID-prefixes.
> 
> I don't recall any prior mention of rapidly reconstructing tunnels to
> maintain the ALT topology.  I agree with your point 2 that the
> tunnels will be reasonably robust due to relying on existing
> connectivity which is generally ensured by BGP.
> 
> But what happens when two ALT routers loose their connection for a
> moment?  Do they try to set up one or more tunnels with the same role
> in the ALT topology as the one which just died?  This is your point
> 1.  It could get messy, but I guess it could be done, by using other
> interfaces which, for some reason (I guess) have connectivity while
> the interfaces used for the first tunnel don't.  But that is the sort
> of situation which I think BGP would naturally resolve, generally in
> a few seconds or less.
> 
> My concern is more about what happens if an ALT router dies.   In
> your highly aggregated hierarchy, a mid-level ALT router is a single
> point of failure for sending mapping requests to all the ETRs in the
> branch below this router and from all the ITRs in that branch to ETRs
> outside the branch.
> 
> When a mid-level router dies, you can't just re-establish tunnels -
> it is dead.  The routers below need to establish tunnels to another
> ALT router which can take the dead one's place.
> 
> How is this going to work?  Say one lower-level router finds it can't
> reach the mid-level router in question, it is going to assume the
> mid-level router is dead.  So the lower-level router tries to set up
> a tunnel to the one or more backups.  If it does so, either this
> won't work at all, or the next level up will have to adapt to the
> original mid-level router having routes for most of its patch of the
> ALT address space, but with the backup having the router for the
> smaller patch of space handled by the lower-level router which just
> made a tunnel to the backup mid-level router.
> 
> > I think it's the complete opposite of what you claim. I 
> think BGP will
> > be more stable and scalable then the underlying BGP. 
> 
> I assume you mean that the BGP of the ALT network, operating over
> tunnels, will be more stable than the BGP of the Internet.  This is
> your point 2, and I largely agree.  But what if an ALT router dies?
> 
> > Plus, what we
> > propose for the use-case of BGP uses quite a few features 
> of it. Recall
> > this is eBGP over GRE.
> > 
> > We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see 
> liveness of nodes
> > on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a 
> Map-Request takes
> > on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we can see the
> > diameter of the tunnel. 
> 
> I don't understand "diameter" in this context.
> 
> > Not only do we have a solution but we use
> > existing rudimentary tools for management.
> > 
> > And the address allocation hierarchy can map this logical 
> ALT topology.
> > And if the Registries are involved in managing part of this 
> ALT network
> > (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this consistent
> > relationship.
> > 
> > Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge Robin.
> 
> I am sure you can make the ALT network reasonably robust, at a cost
> of complexity and with a loss of the original attractive design goal:
> a very high degree of aggregation.
> 
> I imagine you can reduce the excessively long paths by collapsing the
> network as much as possible to reduce the number of levels a packet
> typically has to ascend and descend.  This will reduce the
> "long-path" problem significantly.  But then, each participating
> mid-level ALT router (there are fewer of them) covers a larger part
> of the address space, and my concerns above become more acute, when
> such a router fails or becomes really unreachable.
> 
> I imagine you can reduce the geographical scatter component of the
> long-path problem by centralizing the ALT routers geographically.
> However, that privileges some operators and creates costs and
> difficulties for others.
> 
> I still think it is fundamentally wrong to have a global query server
> network for any system like this, where waiting for mapping replies
> involves delaying or dropping traffic packets.
> 
> I think a much better solution is to push the mapping to local query
> servers in each ISP (APT and Ivip) - and into any larger end-user
> networks which want to run their own local query servers (Ivip) so
> their ITRs can get marginally faster, more reliable, responses than
> by using the query servers of their ISPs.
> 
> 
> > There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we 
> have secured the
> > ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for routing use. In
> > fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the ALT to be
> > verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying BGP.
> 
> PKI is a great idea, but I think most people believe it is highly
> desirable to find solutions which do not require it.
> 
> 
> > And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2
> > address-families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this 
> approach. That
> > means we can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to 
> talk to each
> > other.
> > 
> > If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you 
> could talk to
> > the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty huge feature.
> > 
> > This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs, no 
> CGNS, and no
> > applications breaking.
> 
> Are you discussing just the mapping queries going over the ALT
> network?  Or are you discussing the use of LISP to enable, for
> instance, two IPv6 sites to communicate via the IPv4 Internet, while
> one or both sites has no native IPv6 connectivity?   A concrete
> example would help.
> 
> 
> >> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
> >>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
> >>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
> > 
> > Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service 
> providers do
> > not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend 
> on them. The
> > decoupling of the address creates this. 
> 
> Christian's critique is not that an end-user network which has
> (permanently, by some arrangement) a slice of EID space is bound to
> its current ISP (the one it uses for connectivity).
> 
> The critique is on this potentially erroneous basis: that the
> end-user network is bound to maintaining connectivity (via a tunnel)
> to the ALT router which handles this part of the EID space.  It needs
> to do this so mapping queries for its EID space will get to its ETR.
> 
> The potentially faulty aspect of this is the assumption that the
> end-user network runs its own ETR.
> 
> But if its one or more ISPs run the ETR this end-user network uses,
> then the end-user network still depends on those ETRs having tunnels
> to potentially distant ALT router for its section of the EID space.
> 
> I don't know if anyone has considered the scaling problems of a busy
> ETR maintaining tunnels to about as many ALT routers as the end-user
> networks it handles packets for.
> 
> The ALT router for this section of the EID space will, I assume, be
> located at some ISP somewhere, or some other commercial organisation
> which rents out the EID space to this end-user network.
> 
> Maybe that organisation is an RIR.  But when this scales to tens or
> hundreds of millions of end-user networks (I assume this is a goal of
> LISP - it is of Ivip) I doubt if RIRs will want to be dealing with a
> hundred million end-user networks directly, either for address
> assignment or for tunnels to receive mapping requests to their ETRs
> from the ALT network.
> 
> For these large scaling arrangements, there will need to be
> potentially multiple levels of address splitting.  Ivip allows for
> this, and for multiple levels of companies providing interfaces to
> accept mapping changes from end-user networks (or more likely from
> reachability testing companies they hire) and funnelling them to the
> limited number of RUAS organisations which run the fast-push mapping
> distribution system.
> 
> Any way you do this core-edge separation business - LISP, APT, Ivip
> or TRRP - if the end-user network gets a patch of stable address
> space to call their own, year after year, then that network is going
> to depend on some company or other organisation for that space.  The
> end-user network will need to pay for this, and depend on the
> organisation to handle mapping.
> 
> In the case of LISP-ALT, the organisation needs to run (or have
> someone else run) an ALT router (plus backups) which has a tunnel to
> the ETRs in the ISPs which the end-user network is currently using
> for access.  If that organisation's ALT routers go down, it is not
> the fault of the access ISPs - it is up to the end-user network to
> ensure it obtains its EID address from an organisation which provides
> a reliable ALT router service.
> 
> Also - assuming the space is covered by a PTR in order to provide
> 100% multihomed service for packets sent from hosts in non-upgraded
> networks - this organisation has to run PTRs which covers this
> end-user's EID space.  For this to be scalable (not to bloat the DFZ
> routing table excessively, as we go to millions of end-user networks
> with EID/micronet space), the PTRs needs to advertise a prefix which
> covers the EID space of thousands or hundreds of thousands of
> separate end-user networks.
> 
> Since the sending hosts (in non-upgraded networks) could be anywhere
> in the world and since the ISPs used by all these end-user networks
> (covered by the one BGP advertised route) could be anywhere in the
> world, in order to ensure reasonably direct path for traffic packets,
> there needs to be a largish number of PTRs physically all over the
> Net.  Then the organisation which runs this PTR system needs to
> recover costs from individual end-user networks according to the
> traffic the PTRs carry.   (This is the Ivip business model for
> OITRDs.  I am stating this as an imperative for LISP, because I can't
> imagine any other business model for PTRs.)
> 
> In the case of Ivip, the equivalent organisation needs to do the same
> as just stated for OITRDs and provide the real-time mapping
> distribution service, with a small charge per update.
> 
> Either way, the end-user network has a long-term technical and
> commercial dependency on whichever organisation supplies its EID
> (LISP) or micronet (Ivip) address space.  This is why my message
> continued to state that a problem such as this is common to all
> core-edge separation schemes:
> 
>       [Fix?  Seems to be a fundamental problem, but every core-edge
>        separation scheme involves supplying stable EID, micronet etc.
>        address space to end-user networks, so there must be some
>        kind of dependence on some organisation - though not
>        necessarily an ISP.]
> 
>       {Experiments?  There's no need for experiment - problems such
>        as this can be clearly foreseen.}
> 
> So while I could take this off the list of "unresolved" problems for
> LISP, since other schemes have comparable problems - I think LISP
> could be improved by more clearly stating the types of commercial and
> technical relationships each participating end-user network will rely
> upon.  Also, the physical distance to the ALT router from wherever
> the end-user network's ETRs are directly affects the delay
> experienced at the start of sessions.  I think that is part of
> Christian Vogt's concern.
> 
> I think I have done a better job of explaining all this with Ivip's
> business model for OITRDs:
> 
>   http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html
> 
> > The dependence is now on the
> > ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the 
> world, you get
> > your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your 
> domain would
> > only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
> > mobile ASes out of this for now).
> 
> I think a good core-edge separation scheme should make the EID
> (micronet) space entirely portable, with little or no compromise in
> performance or costs regarding mapping no matter where the end-user
> network chooses to connect its EID space (or some part of it) 
> to the Net.
> 
> This is easier for Ivip, since the mapping change command only
> involves a few dozen bytes and is made quite infrequently.
> 
> For LISP-ALT, the mapping connection is an incoming stream of
> requests or initial packets which also function as requests.  It is
> time-sensitive, since only when a response arrives at the ITR can
> communications without delay begin.  So the physical proximity (delay
> and reliability) between the ALT router for this section of the EID
> address space and the the ETRs of the ISPs currently used by the
> end-user network is really important.  I don't mean San Jose to LA
> distances - I mean Australia to the USA, Germany to China etc.
> 
> These do seem to be a fundamental difference between LISP-ALT and
> Ivip.  However, both systems will only work well with a widespread
> set of PTRs/OITRDs.
> 
> 
> >> 5 - Path MTU Discovery problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
> >>    others discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
> >>    proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
> >>    they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no problem.
> > 
> > In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe 
> two proposed
> > solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The stateful
> > creates no new table data structures but requires storing 
> an addition
> > 2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.
> 
> OK - I apologise for stating that you thought there was no problem.
> 
> I haven't considered MTU problems of sending traffic packets along
> the ALT network, in its GRE tunnels (which impose their own
> encapsulation overhead) - but I understand the current LISP test
> network doesn't send traffic packets over ALT.  It is my impression
> that your long-term plans are to use the ALT network only for short
> map request messages, not go get initial traffic packets to 
> the ETR ASAP.
> 
> Version 08 (2008-07-10) introduced a stateless technique and version
> 11 (2008-12-19) adds a stateful approach, derived from the OpenLISP
> project, who regarded the stateless approach as inadequate.
> 
> My assessment of both approaches is in a separate message:
> 
>   LISP PMTU - 2 methods in draft-farinacci-lisp-11
>   http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000885.html
> 
> I think the stateless section is poorly written and ill-conceived.
> The stateless approach for IPv4 DF=1 packets and IPv6 packets (that
> is, virtually all traffic) would limit traffic packets to 1464 bytes
> (IPv4) or 1444 bytes (IPv6).  Only once there was jumboframe links
> between every ITR and ETR could L be globally adjusted upwards from
> 1500 bytes to ~9000 bytes or whatever - but this would not be
> possible for a decade or two.  Fred Templin expressed the same
> concerns in a recent RRG message.
> 
> The Stateful approach, which I understand is derived from OpenLISP,
> is similar to Ivip's approach:
> 
>   http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/
> 
> I need to write this up as an I-D, but it is a more detailed spec
> than your LISP approach, with mechanisms for occasionally testing for
> MTUs longer than the assumed limit and for strictly minimising the
> number of traffic packets which are used to probe the PMTU.  Every
> packet whose length, once encapsulated, is in the "zone of
> uncertainty" for this ETR is either delivered or rejected with a PTB.
>    The former raises the lower limit to the zone and the latter
> reduces the upper limit.
> 
> 
> >> 6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
> >>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html
> > 
> > You cannot fault a technical design for a business case. 
> 
> A complete solution to the routing scaling problem involves much more
> than a technical design.
> 
> All the technical stuff (sometimes split into "architecture" vs.
> "engineering") needs to facilitate someone wanting to build and run
> each part of it - which generally means they (or someone not too far
> removed from them) needs to be able to make money from it.
> 
> 
> > A PTR is
> > solving a technical problem. And if we want to *truly* keep 
> lots of PI
> > type routes out of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which 
> are just way
> > too high in opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.
> > 
> > And on the contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect
> > providers, registries, third-parties and even governments 
> will provide
> > PTR services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well 
> that remains
> > to be seen.
> 
> I think my critique is valid - you seem to have no business case for
> LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers.
> 
> You are welcome to adopt the Ivip approach for address management and
> OITRDs:
> 
>   http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html
> 
> This is directly applicable to LISP and PTRs, as long as you have a
> concept of a Mapped Address Block, containing many EIDs.  For that to
> be the case, you need to develop business arrangements concerning who
> really "owns" the MAB and how they rent this space out as EID space
> for thousands of end-user networks.
> 
> 
> >> 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of ITRs each
> >>    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise, one ITR probing
> >>    reachability to many ETRs - this is one view of the 
> "Locator Path
> >>    Liveness Problem" of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
> >>    http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html
> > 
> > That is not in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)
> > 
> > Dave and Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how 
> bad probing can
> > be. They do not take a position whether it should go into 
> any proposal.
> > They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may 
> result and can
> > be an interpretation to not do probing at all.
> 
> The scaling problem of thousands of ITRs continually test
> reachability for one ETR (or to every ETR on the LISP mapping list
> for a given EID), plus reachability through each ETR to a given
> destination network, or of each ITR having to test reachability to
> thousands or tens of thousands of ETRs have been obvious from the
> start: early 2007.
> 
> This is true of LISP, TRRP and to a somewhat lesser extent APT. (I
> haven't read RANGER yet.)
> 
> Only Ivip avoids these scaling problems by making the end-user
> network responsible for their reachability testing and for deciding
> which ETR the packets for each micronet should be tunneled to.
> 
> 
> > Like I mentioned in a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the
> > question if an ITR *should* switch from one RLOC to another 
> when there
> > *may* be a path failure *somewhere in the middle of the 
> network*. Please
> > note my very fine qualifications.
> > 
> > If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a
> > host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This 
> doesn't happen
> > today because people deal with packet loss, since it 
> doesn't last long
> > *and* rerouting actually works quite well.
> > 
> > Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The
> > fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".
> > 
> > What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP
> > Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are
> > filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to
> > packet sources.
> 
> The alternative has been available to you and anyone else since July
> 2007: Ivip.  A fast-push mapping system to local query servers means
> the ITRs don't need to test reachability or make any decisions about
> which ETR to use.  The mapping has a single ETR address.
> 
> What is wrong with this approach?
> 
> 
> >>> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
> >>> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
> >>> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
> >>> a proof by an emphatic assertion.
> >>
> >> I agree entirely.
> >>
> >> I believe the LISP team could have made much better use of 
> the RRG -
> >> by participating fully in the debates resulting from these 
> critiques.
> > 
> > We were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable 
> request. So
> > the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be 
> presented in
> > RRG.
> 
> OK.
> 
> > As for the engineering issues, the real details and bits 
> and bytes, we
> > want a forum to discuss and work out issues in an open 
> forum. I've been
> > going to IETF for 20 years now, that forum is called a 
> working group.
> > 
> > The working group doesn't have to standardize what it is 
> working on. And
> > the charter and the numerous requests we have made requests *for an
> > experimental working group*.
> 
> I think this is fine.
> 
> However, I think there are sufficient fundamental, well known
> problems with LISP-ALT that if this was my proposal, I would fix them
> before asking people in general to join an IETF WG and help me with
> it - or drop the proposal.
> 
> 
> >> Experiments won't help solve most of these problems.  I am not
> >> against experimentation and I think it is great that there 
> is a LISP
> >> experimental network.
> >>
> >> However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point 
> of writing
> >> code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
> >> implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental problems.
> > 
> > There is constant implementation feedback back into the design.
> > Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start with
> > something you think can hold together, you try things out, 
> you refine,
> > you revisit design, you go forward with implementation. That's the
> > process of *detailed* engineering.
> >
> > For the old timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.
> 
> I am all for detailed engineering, running tests etc.  However, the
> worst problems I perceive with LISP-ALT will not be illuminated by
> any amount of testing, as I explained in the message you are
> responding to.
> 
> 
> Do you think Ivip is so overblown and over-complex that it warrant's
> no serious consideration?
> 
> Just because I write stuff in detail doesn't mean the system itself
> is over-complex.  Ivip ITRs and ETRs are much simpler than LISP ITRs
> and ETRs.
> 
> 
> I have been giving your work the honour of detailed critiques for 18
> months.  I would appreciate you and your colleagues returning the
> favour by reading:
> 
>   http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/Ivip-summary.pdf
> 
>   http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip-db-fast-push-00
> 
>   Ivip business models: fast push & OITRDs
>   http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html
> 
> and telling me - and the RRG - what you think.
> 
> 
> Also, I am keen to know from you, your Cisco colleagues and from the
> folks at Juniper how practical it would be to create firmware
> upgrades for all the DFZ routers in use ca. 2014 or whatever -
> whenever the routing scaling solution is to be implemented.
> 
> I think it is practical and highly desirable to encode the ETR
> address in the IPv4 header (actually 30 bits, which is fine) or a 20
> bit prefix label in the IPv6 header.  Then, in the longer term, we
> don't need encapsulation, its complexity, its overhead and its damn
> PMTUD problems.
> 
> As far as I know, both these proposals could be implemented as
> firmware upgrades, or built-in optional features, in the DFZ routers
> which are likely to be in use in 5 years time, but only you guys can
> say this is so or not:
> 
>   ETR Address Forwarding (EAF) - for IPv4
>   http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip4-etr-addr-forw-01
> 
>   Prefix Label Forwarding (PLF) - for IPv6
>   http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/ivip6/
> 
> Maybe we can do that in time for the introduction of the routing
> scaling solution - and thereby completely avoid encapsulation and its
> PMTUD complexities.
> 
> 
> On mobility - what is your objection to this arrangement?  ETR-like
> Translating Tunnel Routers with two-way encrypted tunnels to mobile
> nodes.  Mapping only changes to a new TTR when one is really needed 0
> which is typically only when the MN moves 1000km or more.  So mapping
> changes are not at all frequent and in particular are not needed
> every time the MN gets a new CoA:
> 
>   http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/TTR-Mobility.pdf
> 
> 
> If I was proposing to the IETF that a WG be formed for my project, I
> would first want to establish for myself - and for IETF people in
> general - that my project was either the best in its class, or one of
> the very few with the most promise.
> 
> I don't see how you can do that when you fail to read - or at least
> fail to discuss in public - alternative schemes to LISP.
> 
> Ivip and APT are broadly comparable to LISP - they are all core-edge
> elimination schemes for both IPv4 and IPv6.  They are both well
> enough documented to be suitable for serious critiques from anyone
> who believes LISP's approach is superior.
> 
> Just because you have more people - with more experience and
> resources - working on LISP and have running code, doesn't mean your
> LISP-ALT design is better than APT or Ivip.
> 
> 
>   - Robin
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Int-area mailing list
> Int-area@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area
> 
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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    > From: Robin Whittle <rw@firstpr.com.au>

    > The LISP team should do detailed critiques of APT and Ivip as part of
    > convincing IETF folks of the merits of LISP-ALT.

Perhaps I'm confused, but I don't think the people working on LISP are trying
to "convince" the IETF as a whole of the "merits of LISP".

If some people out there in the Internet technical community think it looks
good, and want to work on it, run it, etc, that's great; but if other people
reach a contrary conclusion, and don't want to work on it, run it, etc (as is
their choice), that's fine too.

Sure, the people working on LISP would like to convince _some_ people that
it's a good idea, so they get i) some help working on it (as much remains to
be done), and ii) some places to deploy it (so some practical experience can
be gained, in seeing how well it works, what problems crop up in actual
service, etc), but that's a very different kettle of fish.

	Noel
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Subject: Re: Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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On Jan 24, 2009, Dino Farinacci wrote:

>> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>>     This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>>     http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
>
> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do
> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them. The
> decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the
> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you  
> get
> your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain  
> would
> only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
> mobile ASes out of this for now).


Dino -

There is a tradeoff between EID portability and path stretch along the
ALT topology, and I believe the tradeoff made in LISP/ALT has been
revised a few times.

Portability of EID prefixes requires that the ALT topology follows
EID-addressing.  This leads to potentially longer-than-optimal paths
along the ALT topology.  Vice versa, if path stretch is to be limited,
then portability of EID prefixes must be restricted.

According to your email to Robin, LISP/ALT currently makes the following
tradeoff:  Portability of EID prefixes is limited geographically in
order to curb path stretch along the ALT topology to the maximum that
can happen within a geographical region.

That's possible, of course.  The cost is that networks scattered over
different parts of the world, such as those of enterprises with global
presence, cannot use a continuous address space internally -- even if
they all attach to the same provider.

- Christian


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> The approach in the current LISP draft still relies on ICMPs
> coming from anonymous network middleboxes (which Dino himself
> has said that we cannot depend on), and provides insufficient

I did not say that. I said you cannot depend on ICMP Unreachables. But  
ICMP TooBig and Time-Exceeded message are sent and are more  
dependable. That is, they can get lost when they are transmitted since  
they are single transmitted datagrams. But at least they are sent.

Dino
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> On Jan 24, 2009, Dino Farinacci wrote:
>
>>> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>>>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>>>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
>>
>> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers  
>> do
>> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them.  
>> The
>> decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the
>> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world,  
>> you get
>> your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain  
>> would
>> only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
>> mobile ASes out of this for now).
>
>
> Dino -
>
> There is a tradeoff between EID portability and path stretch along the
> ALT topology, and I believe the tradeoff made in LISP/ALT has been
> revised a few times.

Yes, but if you are portable within an aggregate boundary, you are okay.

> Portability of EID prefixes requires that the ALT topology follows
> EID-addressing.  This leads to potentially longer-than-optimal paths

And it does.

> along the ALT topology.  Vice versa, if path stretch is to be limited,
> then portability of EID prefixes must be restricted.

I envision the number of hops a Map-Request takes is 4 ALT-router  
hops. I think we can do that with how the aggregation and allocation  
assignment is done on the LISP network now.

Now if the diameter of the tunnels are large, then there will be  
longer delays because the Map-Request will have to travel more  
physical hops.

But I really think you are not going to find a better way.

> According to your email to Robin, LISP/ALT currently makes the  
> following
> tradeoff:  Portability of EID prefixes is limited geographically in
> order to curb path stretch along the ALT topology to the maximum that
> can happen within a geographical region.

Right that is the tradeoff, but a site in Europe is not going to move  
to the US. A new site that is added in the US will get EID-prefixes  
from ARIN and terminate it's tunnels to the routers in the allocation  
assignment hierarchy for ARIN.

> That's possible, of course.  The cost is that networks scattered over
> different parts of the world, such as those of enterprises with global
> presence, cannot use a continuous address space internally -- even if
> they all attach to the same provider.

Christian, when you come to IETF in the US and you use your VPN client  
to connect back home to Finland, and you go to a URL in San Jose (when  
you are at the SF IETF), your packets will to east over the Atlantic  
twice and back to the west coast. That's a delay we all seem to live  
with everyday.

I am not justifying delay and I'm not at all saying this is going to  
happen on the ALT either. Remember this only happens for the first few  
packets to a new site when there is a cache miss from each ITR.

You cannot push around 10^10 entries and store them everywhere. In  
fact there are chances with a push technology that you might have to  
store them in nodes that won't need them for use but will need to  
store them for distribution. That will be a big cost. So then you go  
get them when you need them.

Please recall, for LISP to support such a large database (10^10  
entries), it must be distributed. And you want them to be stored where  
the policy holders are for the mapping and you wan them to reside at  
the site that the mapping describes them.

Dino

>
>
> - Christian
>
>

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    > From: Christian Vogt <christian.vogt@ericsson.com>

    > Portability of EID prefixes requires that the ALT topology follows
    > EID-addressing. This leads to potentially longer-than-optimal paths
    > along the ALT topology. Vice versa, if path stretch is to be limited,
    > then portability of EID prefixes must be restricted.

Yes, but this is only for the first packet(s), until the mapping gets back to
the ITR. Do you really think a few extra hops there are going to be a
problem? (Especially given that due to EGP/IGP information flow barriers,
paths probably aren't completely optimal anyway....)

Also, what percentage of DNS resolutions take more than one round-trip
(because of the use of multi-level DNS names)? Surely that's an even worse
delay (several round-trips, as opposed to simply a few extra hops), but I
don't think I've heard complaints about that?

        Noel
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Subject: RE: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dino Farinacci [mailto:dino@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, January 28, 2009 5:19 PM
> To: Templin, Fred L
> Cc: Robin Whittle; RRG; routing-discussion@ietf.org; 
> int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from 
> the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> > The approach in the current LISP draft still relies on ICMPs
> > coming from anonymous network middleboxes (which Dino himself
> > has said that we cannot depend on), and provides insufficient
> 
> I did not say that. I said you cannot depend on ICMP 
> Unreachables. But

Yes, that is what you said. And, an IPv4 PTB is just an
ICMP unreachable with code=4.
 
> ICMP TooBig and Time-Exceeded message are sent and are more  
> dependable. That is, they can get lost when they are 
> transmitted since  
> they are single transmitted datagrams. But at least they are sent.

There is evidence (e.g., RFC2923, RFC4821, etc.) that
this is not always true.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

> 
> Dino
> 
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Dino Farinacci wrote:
>> The approach in the current LISP draft still relies on ICMPs
>> coming from anonymous network middleboxes (which Dino himself
>> has said that we cannot depend on), and provides insufficient
> 
> I did not say that. I said you cannot depend on ICMP Unreachables. But
> ICMP TooBig and Time-Exceeded message are sent and are more dependable.
> That is, they can get lost when they are transmitted since they are
> single transmitted datagrams. But at least they are sent.

Can you clarify? ICMP unreachables are required sent, just as TooBigs
and Time-Exceededs. They're all blocked by various systems, including
NATs and firewalls, so none can be relied upon.

Joe
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Short version:   Timeline of the LISP-ALT/CONS proposal with
                 respect to APT and Ivip.

                 LISP-ALT development looks rather hasty so far
                 and could proceed quite well without a WG.

                 But maybe a WG is the best way - develop
                 LISP-ALT ASAP and see how attractive it is to
                 the great majority of end-user networks.

                 We need most end-user networks, of all sizes,
                 to want to adopt the solution for their own
                 immediate reasons - otherwise, the solution
                 won't cover enough networks to solve the
                 scaling problem.

                 There is a LISP-ALT snowball.  Forming a
                 LISP WG would push the snowball faster.

                 The more prominence and IETF-given
                 credibility LISP gets, the more this might
                 detract attention from the alternative
                 approaches, including APT and Ivip so far.

                 I think these are more sound from technical
                 and business perspectives than LISP-ALT.
                 These are developed by smaller teams with
                 less resources and experience than the LISP
                 team - but maybe these efforts will result in
                 a better architecture.

Hi Noel,

You wrote:

>> The LISP team should do detailed critiques of APT and Ivip as
>> part of convincing IETF folks of the merits of LISP-ALT.
>
> Perhaps I'm confused, but I don't think the people working on
> LISP are trying to "convince" the IETF as a whole of the
> "merits of LISP".

I don't know the criteria is for creating a WG, but I guess the
IETF doesn't create them except for projects which have
sufficient merit in general, as well as meeting formal criteria.


> If some people out there in the Internet technical community
> think it looks good, and want to work on it, run it, etc,
> that's great; but if other people reach a contrary conclusion,
> and don't want to work on it, run it, etc (as is their
> choice), that's fine too.

I am not completely opposed to there being a LISP-WG.  I am just
saying that I think the LISP development has been hurried in a
number of respects, that it doesn't necessarily need a WG and
that a WG could detract attention from more promising other
approaches.

I think the LISP team could best facilitate progress towards
scalable routing solutions by taking more interest in other
proposals and by discussing in public why they think their
LISP-ALT approach is better than the alternatives.

Their goal is 10 billion EIDs.  Assuming this is not an
unrealistic scaling goal, they need to show why ALT could
work well with this, while APT and Ivip could never do so.


The history, as reflected in Internet Drafts, is something like
this (ignoring LISP-NERD, which doesn't scale due to the need
for every ITR to have a copy of the full mapping database):


2007-01-17 draft-farinacci-lisp-00

           This is a conceptual overview which assumes it is
           impossible to get real-time mapping to the ITRs.
           Therefore, ITRs get multiple ETR addresses and have
           to do reachability testing and ETR choice on their
           own.

           There is detailed description of a useful mapping
           system.

           There is no support for packets sent by hosts in
           networks without ITRs.


2007-07-02 draft-jen-apt-00

           APT is the first core-edge separation scheme to
           document a scalable mapping distribution system in
           in Internet Draft.  The full mapping database is
           distributed (slowly) to local query servers -
           Default Mappers.  As with LISP, ITRs - or rather
           Default Mappers - do their own reachability testing
           and make their own ETR choices.

           It later emerged that APT can support packets sent
           from hosts in non-APT networks, but only, for IPv4,
           if the EID prefix is no longer than the in-practice
           limit of the DFZ: 24 bits.  This limit would
           disappear if APT networks connected not only by
           direct router links, but by tunnels, so there was
           only one global "APT Island".


2007-07-03 draft-meyer-lisp-cons-00

           CONS is LISP's first mapping system which is intended
           to be practical in a scalable routing solution.  It
           is a global query server system which involves delays
           for initial packets.  CONS uses a a novel network
           structure comprised of special router-like devices
           called CARs and CDRs.


2007-07-15 draft-whittle-ivip-arch-00

           Fast (effectively real-time) push of all mapping info
           to local query servers.  I developed this
           independently of APT, but the two proposals involve
           some commonalities: the local query server means that
           there is no significant delay for initial (or any)
           packets.

           Ivip includes Open ITRs in the DFZ (then known,
           incorrectly, as "Anycast ITRs in the Core").  These
           support multihoming, TE etc. for packets sent by
           hosts in networks without ITRs.  A business plan for
           OITRDs appeared in 2008-04-18:

             http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html


2007-11-11 draft-fuller-lisp-alt-00

           LISP-ALT replaces CONS as the preferred mapping
           distribution system.  Like CONS, it is a global
           query server system, so it has the problem of
           delaying initial packets.  The ALT routers and
           the overall ALT network are created from pre-
           existing components: BGP, RIB, FIB and GRE.


2007-12-04 RRG message that there will be a LISP BOF regarding
           forming a LISP WG.


2007-12-05 draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-00

           LISP Proxy Tunnel Routers provide support for packets
           sent by hosts in non-upgraded networks.  AFAICT, PTRs
           are functionally identical to Ivip's OITRDs.

           However there was no business plan for PTRs or the
           related questions of how EID space is allocated.
           Dino's reply to my point 6:

             http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000864.html

           indicates there still is no such business plan.


In the view of many people, the delay of initial packets remains
a serious problem for LISP-ALT.  Part if this delay is due to the
global nature of the query server system.  This is made worse by
the long-path problem where the highly aggregated structure of the
ALT network leads to geographically long tunnels between the ALT
routers, which will often be physically located without much regard
for their place in the ALT topology.

In a recent message:

  http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000900.html

Dino confirmed the problem of initial packet delay and indicated
there is no alternative to a fully distributed query server system
(as opposed to having the full mapping data in hundreds of
thousands of local query servers, as with APT and Ivip) if the
number of EIDs, micronets etc. is to scale to 10 billion.

Yet in the same message he states (presumably about the
long-term future with 10^10 EIDs) that:

   I envision the number of hops a Map-Request takes is 4
   ALT-router hops.

In LISP-ALT, map queries (or initial traffic packets which are
implicitly map queries) arise in ITRs and need to ascend the
highly aggregated ALT hierarchy until they can cross over to the
part of the hierarchy which matches the destination address.
Then they descend, and reach the authoritative query server -
the ETR which is currently advertising this EID in the ALT
network.  (The map reply from the ETR goes to the ITR directly
via the ordinary Internet.)

There's no way that the ALT network could handle 10 billion
separate EID prefixes and avoid large numbers of ALT routers
- and therefore large numbers of hops up and down the ALT
hierarchy for the typical map request.

A 10 billion EID system could only materialise when most EIDs
are for "end-user networks" are for mobile devices which
everyone and their dog has at least one of.

There will be some number of ITRs and some number of ETRs
- I guess a million or so of each, perhaps often combined
into the one device.

The ETRs collectively advertise 10 billion separate EIDs to
the first level (L1) of ALT router.  How numerous are these?

Each such L1 ALT router needs a GRE tunnel (AFAIK) to every
ETR which is one of those currently active for a EID in the
address range the L1 router is aggregating.

The whole idea of a core-edge separation scheme is that the
EIDs (micronets for Ivip) can be freely used with any ISP
for Internet access - and that each EID can be used with
two or more arbitrarily located ISPs for the purpose of
multihoming.

Ignoring multihoming for a moment, there is still the need
for this first level (L1) of ALT routers to collectively
handle 10 billion EID prefixes.  For any one of these L1
ALT routers, there will sometimes be two or more such EIDs
advertised by the same ETR.  Those two routes share the one
ETR to ALT router GRE tunnel.  (AFAIK, GRE tunnels are used
to link ETRs to ALT routers.)

That is a lot of tunnels - and a lot of L1 routers, such as
a hundred thousand or a million or so.

We don't know how much aggregation will be achieved from
ETR to L1, or from L1 to L2 ALT routers.  Many packets
from ITRs will need to ascend to some high level in the
ALT hierarchy before there is a route to the branch of
the hierarchy they need to descend in order to reach
the ETR.

So I don't think it is reasonable for LISP people to say
their system scales to 10^10 EIDs while any other
system definitely can't.

See also a recent RRG discussion "Economic issues of long-
path / stretched routing" where Scott Brim discusses each ETR
announcing its EID prefix to ALT routers at multiple levels
above the first level.  Each such announcement involves a
GRE tunnel (AFAIK) and perhaps constitutes a BGP neighbour
for the ALT router.  This sort of thing is needed to make the
ALT network robust against failure, but it also makes it much
more complex and less able to be flattened into a few levels
- as would be required to reduce the total path length from
ITRs to ETRs.

I mention these difficulties as an example of the mismatch
between the expectations the LISP developers have - for LISP
and therefore, implicitly for APT, Ivip etc. - and the
confidence some LISP developers express in solving the
fundamental problems which have been identified with ALT.


> Sure, the people working on LISP would like to convince _some_
> people that it's a good idea, so they get i) some help working
> on it (as much remains to be done), and ii) some places to
> deploy it (so some practical experience can be gained, in
> seeing how well it works, what problems crop up in actual
> service, etc), but that's a very different kettle of fish.

I fully support all this.  As far as I know an IETF WG is not
required to do any of this.  Maybe a WG would help.  Maybe
the imprimatur of the IETF in deciding that LISP in its current
state is worthy of a WG will encourage more people to help with
LISP.

However, if a WG results in LISP gaining still more prominence,
then I think there could be a serious downside: making it
harder for other proposals to attract the same sort of interest,
attention and involvement.

I believe the initial packet delay problems and the general
fragility of any global query server system such as LISP-ALT
will ultimately sink any such proposal.  Maybe it won't sink in
the IETF, but it will fail to gain the widespread, ideally
ubiquitous,support from end-user networks which will be required
for any routing scaling solution to succeed.

I am sure that the only practical solution is of the core-edge
separation class (LISP, APT, Ivip, TRRP and maybe RANGER - I
still have to read it).

The only scalable way to avoid initial packet delays is to use
local query servers.  I think a system such as APT of Ivip would
be scalable, practical and attractive - and that something like
LISP-ALT will never be attractive enough to be widely accepted.

By the time we get to 10 billion EIDs, micronets or whatever -
which may be never - RAM and CPU power for local query servers
will be way cheaper and more plentiful than today.

Local query servers based on COTS servers today would be fine
with 100 million EIDs in RAM.  For IPv4, for Ivip, each
micronet's mapping information is only 12 bytes and could
probably be stored in less.  IPv6 mapping is more bloated, but
still, there is even more time before that is widely adopted -
more time for RAM to get more plentiful still.

The rate of change of mapping is well within practical limits
for sending to hundreds of thousands of query servers -
especially using a purpose built, streamlined, crosslinked
fan-out system as I propose with Ivip.  Even with mobility,
using the TTR approach to mobility does not result in high
rates of change of mapping.  For instance a mapping change
is only typically required when the MN moves more than about
1000km.


LISP-ALT is the most frequently discussed solution to the routing
scaling problem.  Yet it is a more recent development than APT or
Ivip - and I think it is the most problematic of the three.

I think the prominence of LISP-ALT is not a function of its
technical merits, but more a result of:

  1 - Four or more people working on it, rather than two or so
      (APT) or basically one (Ivip).

  2 - Some employer support for the LISP developers, including
      for travel to meetings and hardware to run a test
      network.  (The APT developers are studying and I am
      self employed.)

  3 - The greater experience of the LISP developers compared
      to that of the other developers - and likewise being
      better known to RRG participants.

  4 - Greater brand recognition for "Cisco" compared to
      the names of developers of alternatives: APT, Ivip,
      TRRP, Six/One Router and now, I think, RANGER.


A WG may overly focus attention on on LISP-ALT and so detract
from the attention and effort needed to develop the more
promising approaches.

 - Robin



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    > From: Robin Whittle <rw@firstpr.com.au>

    >> I don't think the people working on LISP are trying to "convince" the
    >> IETF as a whole of the "merits of LISP".

    > I don't know the criteria is for creating a WG, but I guess the IETF
    > doesn't create them except for projects which have sufficient merit in
    > general

Sure - but that is not in contradiction to my statement above. The IETF has a
long history of creating WG's to work on different alternatives. In such
circumstances, WG's simply serve to create standards in an _open_ way; they
do not in any way imply any sort of official IETF preference.

    > I think the LISP team could best facilitate progress towards scalable
    > routing solutions by ... discussing in public why they think their
    > LISP-ALT approach is better than the alternatives.

The community has been discussing these issues for years, going back to
things like Multi6. It's been discussed to death already.

        Noel
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> I am not completely opposed to there being a LISP-WG.  I am just
> saying that I think the LISP development has been hurried in a
> number of respects, that it doesn't necessarily need a WG and
> that a WG could detract attention from more promising other
> approaches.

How about the world is going too slow?

Dino

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> LISP-ALT is the most frequently discussed solution to the routing
> scaling problem.  Yet it is a more recent development than APT or
> Ivip - and I think it is the most problematic of the three.

As I have explained more than once already, your timeline is simply wrong.

The base LISP spec, draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt in its current incarnation,
was a direct result of design discussions that occurred in October, 2006,
at the IAB-sponsored Routing and Addressing Workshop in Amsterdam. The first
version of draft-farinacci-lisp appeared for select reviewers on December 1st,
2006 and was published on January 22nd, 2007.

The LISP+ALT spec, draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt in its current incarnation
(and originally termed "LISP 1.5"), was a direct result of discussions at a
lunch meeting during the November, 2006 IETF plenary in San Diego. Small
group discussions occurred for several months prior to taking it to the RAM
list in June, 2007 though the first version of the draft was not published 
until November, 11th, 2007.

	--Vince
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Short version:      LISP-ALT seems liked a rushed development
                    which won't be widely enough adopted even if
                    there are RFCs and interoperable
                    implementations by 2012.

                    The work which preceded the various I-Ds.


Dino, in response to my concern that the LISP-ALT development is
too rushed, you wrote:

> How about the world is going too slow?

In the 2.3 years since RAWS in Amsterdam the DFZ routing table
has grown from about 200k to about 275k.  There may be a slight
glitch downwards due to the economic crisis in recent months:

  http://bgp.potaroo.net/bgprpts/bgp-active.png

That is a growth rate of about 15% PA.

We have growing problems with:

  1 - This growth rate increasing the cost of of routers
      in the DFZ, which is a burden on all ISPs and therefore
      all Internet users.

  2 - Excessive constraints in PI space which is an attempt to
      reduce the above growth rate.

  3 - With the increasing number of end-user networks which want
      multihoming, inbound traffic engineering and portability
      either not being able to get any of these, or having to
      pay much more for it (and cause burdens on the DFZ) than
      would be the case with a good scalable routing solution.

Whenever IPv6 is widely adopted, the same things will happen
there too.

However, I don't think these problems are so urgent that we
should rush into re-engineering the Net with a poorer solution
than if we spent a few more years working on it.  We will be
stuck with the solution for decades.

I imagine you could create LISP-ALT RFCs by the end of 2010 and
have interoperable implementations in software and in some
hardware routers by the end of 2011.

But I can't see how you are going to get the widespread adoption
of LISP-ALT EID space by most end-user networks (which want
multihoming, TE and portability), from the smallest (SOHO etc.)
to the largest (corporations, universities and government
departments) in 2012 or at any other time.

By then you will probably have figured out business arrangements
for EID allocation and for running PTRs.  I imagine it would be
be similar to parts of:

  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html

You will probably have also solved the PMTUD problem with a
judicious use of the OpenLISP stateful approach, requiring all
DFZ routers to return 16 bytes or more past the IP header in
their PTB messages, minimising the number of packets the ITR
stores the nonce for and allowing for occasional checking for
growth or reduction in the path MTU to each ETR.  I think the
result would resemble:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/


LISP-ALT would still have the initial packet delay problem, the
long-path problem and the difficulties in building a big ALT
network which has redundancy and meshiness - or whatever is
required for robustness.

None of these problems would present serious practical
difficulties in the test network or in the first months or year
or two of deployment - because there would be small number of
ALT routers.

However, anyone concerned about the long-term future would be
well aware of these problems.  I don't think you can solve these
problems in any elegant, efficient manner - because they are
fundamental problems with the LISP-ALT architecture.

ALT is certainly more elegant than CONS, with its new network
elements of CARs and CDRs which needed to be created from scratch.

AFAIK, an ALT router can be created by correctly configuring
various functional elements which are already present in a good,
flexible, hardware-based or software-only router.

The ITR and ETR functions need new code.

By 2011, I figure you would also have figured out standardised
approaches by which an ISP could manage its ETRs to securely
make tunnels to the upstream ALT routers it needs to get map
request messages.

You would also need a secure and reasonably automated method by
which end-user networks could identify themselves to ISP ETRs
for the purposes of telling the ETR their EID, so the ETR would
be prepared to convey mapping for that EID to the ALT routers.

Maybe you will make the ALT network handle the initial packets
(which also function as map requests) - but then the ALT network
needs much greater capacity, for a small reduction in the delay
of initial packets.

That would worsen the traffic burden on ALT routers and require
more care about the commercial relationships between all the
organisations who run these ALT routers.  No-one is going to
carry packets with a bunch of mapping requests, and especially
the greater volume of initial traffic packets, unless they get
paid by whoever sends them and/or whoever accepts them.


Circa 2012, I think it would be unlikely that any large end-user
network which already has PI space would want to convert it to
LISP EID space.  They would need to run PTRs for that space.
That is not so hard if all the EIDs are still in the one
geographic area.  However, if they wanted to use their EIDs
anywhere on the Net, they would need PTRs in or near such
locations.  They would gain the ability to split their address
space for physically separate (in terms of BGP border router)
sites into smaller pieces than the current BGP /24 limitation
allows.  This will become more important as IPv4 space becomes
more and more valuable - but only for networks which have many
sites they want to connect via multiple, physically separate, ISPs.

However, all their network would now suffer from the initial
packet delay problem.  Initially, that might be tolerable for a
university.  But any corporation which is vying for customers
and wants its web-sites to be responsive would look into the
future and see that LISP-ALT's long-path problem is going to get
worse if and when it becomes very widely adopted.

You may well be able to get some adoption of LISP EID space by
smaller networks which can't get PI space today.

ISPs would presumably be able to run ITRs and ETRs without major
expense - either with firmware updates for their existing
routers of via inexpensive or open-source software to run on
COTS servers, at least initially.

By then - 2013 or beyond - other scalable routing solutions will
be better developed and probably have their own WGs, test
networks etc.  I think the scalable routing problem would be
more widely known within and beyond the IETF - especially as
IPv4 space becomes more scarce and valuable.

I can't imagine that LISP-ALT could scale well to your stated
goal of 10^10 EIDs.  As I wrote previously, the ALT network
would have to be so vast that the initial packet delay problem
would be serious, - especially with meshiness or whatever for it
to be robust.  This will affect some DNS requests and replies
too, not just TCP SYN and ACK packets.

The smaller and more numerous the ITRs (to spread the load of
traffic) the more problems there will be with initial packet
delay due to the ITRs not having the mapping already cached.
More numerous ITRs will also drive up the query traffic on the
ALT network.

The local query server schemes (APT and Ivip) have no initial
packet delay problems.  They need to distribute and store
mapping data all over the Net, slowly or in real-time.  Today's
COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) servers can store and transfer
the data just fine for 10^8 to 10^9 EIDs/micronets.  If and when
we get to 10^10 EIDs/micronets (the vast majority of which must
be for personal mobile devices), a COTS server will probably
have 10^1 or 10^2 times more RAM, CPU power etc.

The mapping distribution for APT and Ivip can be done with
purpose-built, streamlined, mechanisms which are not as fussy as
a LISP-ALT-style global query server network where the whole
thing depends on a lonely query packet traversing a global-scale
network, and its equally lonesome response packet making its way
back via the Internet.

I doubt that anything other people write will convince you not
to push/rush ahead with LISP-ALT.  If you can't imagine a better
architecture, then I think you should develop it ASAP - in a WG.

My point in writing is to remind onlookers that there are other
people in this field who think ALT has too many fundamental
problems to be the optimal long-term scalable routing
architectural enhancement for the Internet - and that there are
other approaches, which are being developing more slowly, which
show much greater promise.


Vince, thanks for filling in the background on the Internet
Draft dates I listed.  You wrote:

>> LISP-ALT is the most frequently discussed solution to the routing
>> scaling problem.  Yet it is a more recent development than APT or
>> Ivip - and I think it is the most problematic of the three.
> 
> As I have explained more than once already, your timeline is simply wrong.

My timeline was stated to be in terms of I-D publication dates,
which are correct.


> The base LISP spec, draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt in its current incarnation,
> was a direct result of design discussions that occurred in October, 2006,
> at the IAB-sponsored Routing and Addressing Workshop in Amsterdam. The first
> version of draft-farinacci-lisp appeared for select reviewers on December 1st,
> 2006 and was published on January 22nd, 2007.

I recall someone writing that APT development was taking place
in late 2006 too.


> The LISP+ALT spec, draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt in its current incarnation
> (and originally termed "LISP 1.5"), was a direct result of discussions at a
> lunch meeting during the November, 2006 IETF plenary in San Diego. Small
> group discussions occurred for several months prior to taking it to the RAM
> list in June, 2007 though the first version of the draft was not published 
> until November, 11th, 2007.

The only June 2007 message I can find which relates to ALT is
your "Preliminary thoughts on LISP 1.5" (2007-07-21), which is
largely a private message from 2007-04-04:

  http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ram/current/msg01562.html

This includes "we're looking for alternative methods  that don't
introduce enormous amounts of  complexity".  Looking back, this
is clearly an early description of LISP-ALT.  Maybe it is also
an early description of CONS, which appeared in an I-D on
2007-07-30.

If you developed ALT so early, then I don't understand why you
published and promote CONS in July 2007  CONS is harder to
understand, design and implement than ALT, and is still a global
query server system.

I was the only person to write a substantial response to the
above mentioned message, noting that I couldn't clearly
understand it - and that point 6 appeared to describe the same
thing as my Ivip "Anycast ITRs in the core", now known as Open
ITRs in the DFZ (OITRDs).

Despite Dino and I think others either criticised or ignored my
"Anycast ITR in the Core" idea from 2007-06-15 onwards.  The the
same idea materialised as LISP Proxy Tunnel Routers on
2007-12-05 in draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-00.

My timeline concerned I-D dates.  Since you mention the work
which preceded this, here are the Ivip dates:

I thought of (what were later known as) OITRDs and the overall
TTR mobility scheme on 2007-06-14 and posted it to the RAM list
the next day.  All other Ivip things were developed after that.

Urged on by Dino and others, I wrote up an I-D ASAP.  This, in
2007-07-15, also included the fast push mapping distribution
system and local query servers - both full-database and caching,
with the ITR being notified if the mapping changed for any
micronet it recently requested mapping for.  This I-D also
included ITR functions in sending hosts.

 - Robin

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> I imagine you could create LISP-ALT RFCs by the end of 2010 and
> have interoperable implementations in software and in some
> hardware routers by the end of 2011.

Writing RFCs is probably the first 10% to completion.

You know how long it takes for multiple vendor implementations to get  
released, documentation to be complete and accurate? And then the long  
evaluation cycle for deployment and then what you learn through this  
process needs to be fed back in. And sometimes you have to restart  
some of these steps?

Of course we don't want to rush, but never assume we have time.

Did we assume we had time for Dual-Stack deployment so when IPv6-only  
sites get deployed (which might possibly happen in the next year or  
so), we could have IPv6 in the infrastructure? We missed that boat and  
we are in a heap of trouble now. Sad.

Dino
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On Jan 28, 2009, Dino Farinacci wrote:

> You cannot push around 10^10 entries and store them everywhere. [...]



Dino -

I think we should experimentally compare ALT with other mapping systems
before we decide whether pull-based or push-based mapping systems are
better.  Dismissing push-based mapping systems without corroborating
data would be a bit premature in my opinion.

In the absence of experimentation results, I would actually argue in
favor of push-based mapping systems based on some analytical reasoning:
Pull-based mapping systems have two important disadvantages compared to
push-based mapping systems:

- Performance penalty, i.e., additional propagation latencies for some
   packets, and higher loss probabilities for packets that take a sub-
   optimal path

- Robustness penalty due to a new online dependency on components off
   the actual transmission path.  (FWIW: All pull-based mapping systems
   have this penalty.  Mapping requests must be routed via overlay
   infrastructure because the direct route is unknown at that time.)

Furthermore, I do not share your concerns regarding push-based mapping
systems:  BGP is pushing routing data already today, and this works
fine.  Any routing-scalability-related issues with BGP are not due to
BGP being push-based; they are due to frequent updates and a high load
for core routers.  Both of these issues would go away in an address
indirection architecture (be it LISP, Ivip, APT, or Six/One Router),
independent of whether you use a pull- or push-based mapping system.

In conclusion:  The overlay approach of ALT is certainly an interesting
idea.  But I think it would be premature to conclude that it is the only
viable solution before we have more evidence to back this claim.

- Christian


PS:  I admit that I have never been really good in avoiding cross-
posting.  But this is obviously my all-time negative record...



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[ Forked from thread:  "Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to
whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP". ]


On Jan 28, 2009, Noel Chiappa wrote:

> Also, what percentage of DNS resolutions take more than one round-trip
> (because of the use of multi-level DNS names)? Surely that's an even
> worse delay (several round-trips, as opposed to simply a few extra
> hops), but I don't think I've heard complaints about that?


Noel -

There are two significant differences between the delays introduced by
DNS during hostname resolution, and the delays introduced by a pull-
based mapping system:

- DNS-related delays do not affect transport protocols, whereas pull-
   based mapping systems do.

- DNS does not create off-path dependencies for routing, whereas a
   pull-based mapping system does.  In pull-based mapping systems, at
   least the mapping requests must travel via an overlay because the
   direct routing path is not yet known at the request time.  This
   creates an off-path dependency for routing.

The first bullet is a performance issue.  Experimentation could help in
finding out how much of a problem this is.  The second bullet is a
robustness issue.  More analysis and discussion would help to better
understand the consequences of this.

- Christian


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To: routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [rrg] [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2009 15:23:55 -0500 (EST)
From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
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    > From: Christian Vogt <christian.vogt@ericsson.com>

    > Any routing-scalability-related issues with BGP are not due to BGP
    > being push-based; they are due to frequent updates ... [this]
    > issue[] would go away in an address indirection architecture 

Not necessarily. It all depends on what functionality you're trying to get
out of that layer of binding, i.e. how often the average binding changes.
E.g. if you try and do some mobility through that binding layer (I'm not
saying we should, just as an illustration) that will radically increase the
rate/amount of updates.


On a more general note, I actually did some 'back of the envelope'
calculations a year or two ago, trying to decide whether to use push or pull,
and my recollection is that the update rate numbers (i.e. the control traffic
at each and every ITR) for push got fairly significant (in terms of the
number of updates per second) even with only moderate numbers of mapping
entries, and a fairly low assumed per-entry update rate (e.g. for provider
changes only).

Certainly, a full-push system is going to be distributing lots of mappings to
boxes that never use them - my guess was something in the 99% region, if not
much higher. (Long digression on the optimal mapping distribution system
omitted - the points you raise are certainly valid, but there are good points
on both sides, and I don't think the answer is clear-cut - if it were,
we probably wouldn't still be discussing it.)


Also, I'm not sure that for those working on LISP, ALT is the 'preferred'
long-range answer to the question of 'what does the mapping subsystem look
like'. I think the focus is on ALT at the moment in large part because it's
fairly easy to deploy, because it re-uses existing code. (Dino et al, please
correct me to the degree I am confused here.)

It might well make sense to transition to something else in the long run -
but then of course one has the transition issue to deal with, and from what
thinking I have put into that particular problem, it's more problematic that
some of the other long-term transition issues (e.g. to a different inter-xTR
packet format, etc). So that would argue to make replacement of that
subsystem priority number one...

	Noel
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To: Christian Vogt <christian.vogt@ericsson.com>
Subject: Re: Delays in DNS vs. delays in pull-based mapping 
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Christian,

> 
> [ Forked from thread:  "Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to
> whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP". ]
> 
> 
> On Jan 28, 2009, Noel Chiappa wrote:
> 
> > Also, what percentage of DNS resolutions take more than one round-trip
> > (because of the use of multi-level DNS names)? Surely that's an even
> > worse delay (several round-trips, as opposed to simply a few extra
> > hops), but I don't think I've heard complaints about that?
> 
> 
> Noel -
> 
> There are two significant differences between the delays introduced by
> DNS during hostname resolution, and the delays introduced by a pull-
> based mapping system:
> 
> - DNS-related delays do not affect transport protocols, whereas pull-
>    based mapping systems do.
> 
> - DNS does not create off-path dependencies for routing, whereas a
>    pull-based mapping system does.  In pull-based mapping systems, at
>    least the mapping requests must travel via an overlay because the
>    direct routing path is not yet known at the request time.  This
>    creates an off-path dependency for routing.
> 
> The first bullet is a performance issue.  Experimentation could help in
> finding out how much of a problem this is.  The second bullet is a
> robustness issue.  More analysis and discussion would help to better
> understand the consequences of this.

There is yet another difference - when an ITR goes down, all the
flows that used to go through that ITR would need to be re-routed
through some other ITR(s). But in order for that other ITR(s) to correctly
forward these flows, that other ITR(s) needs to acquire mapping for
all these flows. What would these other ITR(s) do with the data
arriving on these flows, as these ITRs are acquiring the mapping ?
What impact would that have on the overall system performance ?

There is no analogy to this in the context of name resolution (DNS).

Yakov.
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