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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
Date: Mon, 3 May 2004 15:00:34 -0400 
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Hi Alex
Please see comments inline.  

Regards,
Don
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alex Zinin [mailto:zinin@psg.com]
> 
>  At this point I would like to solicit opinions on the following 
> points:
> 
>   1. Technical comments on the substance of the document

I support the document because it addresses a practical problem of
minimizing packet loss. As stated in the document, this is most noticeable
with certain real-time applications like voice.
> 
>   2. More specifically, comments on the U-Turn part (e.g. useful/not 
> useful,
>      comfortable/concerned with the approach, etc.)
I think the U-turn is useful. I can understand that the U-turn is a bit of a
difficult problem and solution to understand. I had a few discussions with
Alia myself before I was convinced the options and the pieces were complete.
I am comfortable with the U-turn mechanism and I believe it is useful
because:

1. U-turns can happen for momentary periods in any packet network after the
SPF and the FIB update on downstream nodes.  Nodal updates are not
synchronous and the logic for U-turn does not need to know why the packet is
coming back from a primary neighbor it just deals with it preventing loss or
black hole effects. 
2. U-turn alternates in the draft invoke the U-turn alternatives immediately
when no loop-free alternates exist, (after the fault is detected, but before
the SPF calculation and new FIB update is complete). 


> 
>   3. Should the WG use this document as the basis for work on the IP 
> fast
>      reroute topic

Others have pointed out that IP Fast reroute involves areas such as: Link
Change/Failure Detection, Link State Advertisements, SPF, FIB updates and
alternative routing. 

I agree. Each area is important. The local protect draft provides a basis
for work on alternative paths from the after failure detection time to the
FIB updates. This document is scoped to what you can do practically while
keeping state and logic dependence contained on a single node.  

Other areas related to fast IP reroute but out of scope for this document:
Fast detection of link failures.
Efficient LSA distribution.   
Fast SPF calculation.
Building logic for loop free alternates by other means.  


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: RBridges: Transparent Routing
	Author(s)	: R. Perlman, et al.
	Filename	: draft-perlman-rbridge-00.txt
	Pages		: 0
	Date		: 2004-5-3
	
This design provides the ability to have an entire campus, with
   multiple physical links, look to IP like a single subnet. This allows
   zero configuration of the switches within the campus, and allows
   nodes to move around within the campus without changing IP addresses.
   This capability is often provided today with bridges.  Bridges do
   accomplish this goal.  However, bridges have disadvantages: routing
   is confined to a spanning tree (precluding pair-wise shortest paths),
   the header on which the spanning tree forwards has no hop count,
   spanning tree forwarding in the presence of temporary loops spawns
   exponential copies of packets, nodes can have only a single point of
   attachment, and the spanning tree, in order to avoid temporary loops,
   is slow to start forwarding on new ports.  The design in this paper
   avoids these disadvantages of bridges while maintaining the
   advantages. This design works for both IPv4 and IPv6.

   This document is a work in progress; we invite you to participate on
   the rbridge mailing list at http://www.postel.org/rbridge

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Date: Tue, 04 May 2004 11:36:31 +0100
To: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
From: mike shand <mshand@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
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At 15:00 03/05/2004 -0400, Don Fedyk wrote:
>1. U-turns can happen for momentary periods in any packet network after the
>SPF and the FIB update on downstream nodes.  Nodal updates are not
>synchronous and the logic for U-turn does not need to know why the packet is
>coming back from a primary neighbor it just deals with it preventing loss or
>black hole effects.

But surely, when the U-turn is invoked because of desynchronized FIB 
updates there is no guarantee that the packet will be delivered 
successfully. The packet will be sent on a path computed to avoid the next 
next hop. This might be OK, but it equally might not. It might take it to 
another place where the U-turn would be triggered by desynchronized FIBs, 
and the repair path for that U-turn might lead back to the first case.

It would appear that this introduces unpredictable behaviour into the 
network, which isn't desirable.

         Mike




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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: mike shand <mshand@cisco.com>
Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
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Hi Mike

First lets make it clear we are talking about a subset of packets that are
affected by transient conditions. So following this lets say conditions are
such that some percent of packets are not delivered or looped when the
U-turn logic is invoked whereas currently 100 percent of these same packets
are not delivered or looped. Both condition produce packet loss as viewed
from outside the network. But comparing them, doing the U-turn logic has
much less packet loss.  This seems beneficial to me.

Don

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mike shand [mailto:mshand@cisco.com] 
> 
> At 15:00 03/05/2004 -0400, Don Fedyk wrote:
> >1. U-turns can happen for momentary periods in any packet 
> network after 
> >the SPF and the FIB update on downstream nodes.  Nodal 
> updates are not 
> >synchronous and the logic for U-turn does not need to know why the 
> >packet is coming back from a primary neighbor it just deals with it 
> >preventing loss or black hole effects.
> 
> But surely, when the U-turn is invoked because of desynchronized FIB 
> updates there is no guarantee that the packet will be delivered 
> successfully. The packet will be sent on a path computed to 
> avoid the next 
> next hop. This might be OK, but it equally might not. It 
> might take it to 
> another place where the U-turn would be triggered by 
> desynchronized FIBs, 
> and the repair path for that U-turn might lead back to the first case.
> 
> It would appear that this introduces unpredictable behaviour into the 
> network, which isn't desirable.
> 
>          Mike
> 
> 
> 
> 

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To: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
From: mike shand <mshand@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
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At 09:58 04/05/2004 -0400, Don Fedyk wrote:
>Hi Mike
>
>First lets make it clear we are talking about a subset of packets that are
>affected by transient conditions. So following this lets say conditions are
>such that some percent of packets are not delivered or looped when the
>U-turn logic is invoked whereas currently 100 percent of these same packets
>are not delivered or looped. Both condition produce packet loss as viewed
>from outside the network. But comparing them, doing the U-turn logic has
>much less packet loss.  This seems beneficial to me.

Yes, its beneficial in some cases. Some other cases will loop, and some 
other cases will be dropped because the node didn't have a U-turn path.

But I was just pointing out that taking your statement

"the logic for U-turn does not need to know why the
packet is coming back from a primary neighbor it just deals with it
preventing loss or black hole effects."

at face value may lead one to suppose that ALL such looping problems were 
prevented, which is not the case.

         Mike



>Don
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: mike shand [mailto:mshand@cisco.com]
> >
> > At 15:00 03/05/2004 -0400, Don Fedyk wrote:
> > >1. U-turns can happen for momentary periods in any packet
> > network after
> > >the SPF and the FIB update on downstream nodes.  Nodal
> > updates are not
> > >synchronous and the logic for U-turn does not need to know why the
> > >packet is coming back from a primary neighbor it just deals with it
> > >preventing loss or black hole effects.
> >
> > But surely, when the U-turn is invoked because of desynchronized FIB
> > updates there is no guarantee that the packet will be delivered
> > successfully. The packet will be sent on a path computed to
> > avoid the next
> > next hop. This might be OK, but it equally might not. It
> > might take it to
> > another place where the U-turn would be triggered by
> > desynchronized FIBs,
> > and the repair path for that U-turn might lead back to the first case.
> >
> > It would appear that this introduces unpredictable behaviour into the
> > network, which isn't desirable.
> >
> >          Mike
> >
> >
> >
> >


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Hi Mike,

At 10:22 AM 5/4/2004, mike shand wrote:
>At 09:58 04/05/2004 -0400, Don Fedyk wrote:
>>Hi Mike
>>
>>First lets make it clear we are talking about a subset of packets that are
>>affected by transient conditions. So following this lets say conditions are
>>such that some percent of packets are not delivered or looped when the
>>U-turn logic is invoked whereas currently 100 percent of these same packets
>>are not delivered or looped. Both condition produce packet loss as viewed
>>from outside the network. But comparing them, doing the U-turn logic has
>>much less packet loss.  This seems beneficial to me.
>
>Yes, its beneficial in some cases. Some other cases will loop, and some 
>other cases will be dropped because the node didn't have a U-turn path.

The cases where it would loop require something like the following, where A 
is sending the traffic to some D downstream:

          [A]----[B]
            |       |
            |       |
          [E] ----[C[

where A is using an updated topology and thinks that B is its primary,
           B is using the old topology and thinks that A is its primary and 
C is its loop-free node-protecting alternate
         C is using the old topology and thinks that E is its primary
         E is using the new topology and thinks that C is its primary and A 
is its loop-free node-protecting alternate

In this case, there are two upstream forwarding loops required simultaneous 
and a relatively constrained topology.

Alia


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This concludes the WG Last Call.

A few comments on the document from me:

 1. Security considerations section is weak. It needs to at least point the
    reader to the relevant protocol specifications.

 2. None of the references is actually used in the document.

We only received comments from Joel during the Last Call and he agreed to try
and come up with a more elaborate version by the end of this week.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Monday, April 19, 2004, 4:19:35 PM, Alex Zinin wrote:
> Folks-

>  This is to start a 2-week WG Last Call for draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt.
>  The document target status is Informational. The Last Call ends on May 3rd, 2004.
>  Please send your comments to rtgwg@ietf.org.

>  The document is available from the WG web-page or at the following URL:

>    http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt

>  The Abstract from the document is included below:

>    This document describes how conventional hop-by-hop link-state
>    routing protocols interact with new Traffic Engineering capabilities
>    to create IGP shortcuts.  In particular this document describes how
>    Dijkstra's SPF algorithm should be adapted so that link-state IGPs
>    will calculate IP routes to forward traffic over tunnels that are
>    set up by Traffic Engineering.



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Tuesday, May 4, 2004, 5:19:23 PM, Alex Zinin wrote:
[...]
>  2. None of the references is actually used in the document.

Please ignore this comment. The doc does use the refs.

Alex


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hi alex,

Alex Zinin wrote:

> Folks-
> 
>  As discussed in Seoul, draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt is being considered
>  for becoming a WG item.
> 
>  At this point I would like to solicit opinions on the following points:
> 
>   1. Technical comments on the substance of the document

- some assumptions are made in the document that should probably be
   spelled out as working assumptions - as example
   "In essence, the assumption being made is that the time budget to
   recover traffic in the event of a failure is being consumed by router
   S's detection of the failure and switchover to its pre-computed
   alternate."
   "It is extremely desirable to have at most one forwarding table per
   interface." how this would translate in case of sub-interfaces ?
   "Normally, if traffic fails a reverse forwarding check (i.e. would
   be forwarded out to the same neighbor as received from), then that
   traffic is either discarded or forwarded into a loop. In IP/LDP Local
   Protection, however, traffic that fails a reverse forwarding check is
   forwarded to the appropriate R_i_j, if available, rather than being
   discarded."
   "In examining realistic networks, it was seen that loop-free
    alternates did not provide adequate coverage for the traffic between
    all the source-destination pairs." would it be possible to give a
    average characterization of such networks ?

- i don't understand the sentence "For neighbor N_4, the path to D is
    N_3 to S to N_1 to R_1 to D; because there is a node between N4 and S
    on the path, N_4 is a looping neighbor." from the picture 3 but i'm
   not sure you meant figure 3

- in the example of section 4.2 is also sending an ICMP re-direct
   during U-turn mode ? in this case how the condition on top of the
   figure 8 holds

- why this document is referred to as IP*/LDP* protection, if it is
   referring to the section 5 then it would be need some further details
   in particular what about the re-direction of the sessions themselves

>   2. More specifically, comments on the U-Turn part (e.g. useful/not useful,
>      comfortable/concerned with the approach, etc.)

- seems useful in some particular p2p cases (but really difficult to
   assess computational complexity impact) since from the wg discussions
   it delivers ~ +20% coverage
- concerned in terms of robustness in non-p2p environment
- would prefer keep (d) and (e) case (detailed in section 3.2.3) for a
   next step (are there exp.results available ?)
- no details about retrieving the initial state once the failure is
   recovered (reversion)

>   3. Should the WG use this document as the basis for work on the IP fast
>      reroute topic

it introduces a formalism that can be used for to initiate work on this
as well as gives a sensible classification, now its readability is
difficult and its structure (since imho oriented towards the use of
U-turn) not necessarily in-line with the direction of general topic i-d

thanks,
- dimitri.

>  Please send your comments by May 9th.
> 
>  The document is available at:
> 
>  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt
> 
>  The IPR statement is available at:
> 
>  http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/avici-ipr-draft-atlas-ip-local-protect.txt
> 
>  Abstract from the document:
> 
>    This document defines an architecture and selection process for
>    providing local protection for IP unicast and/or LDP traffic in the
>    event of a single link or node failure until the router has
>    converged.  When computing the primary next-hop for a prefix, a
>    router S also determines an alternate next-hop which can be used if
>    the primary next-hop fails.  The alternate can be either a loop-free
>    alternate, which goes to a neighbor whose shortest path to the prefix
>    does not go back through the router S, or a U-turn alternate, which
>    goes to a neighbor whose primary next-hop to the prefix is the router
>    S, and which has itself a loop-free node-protecting alternate, which
>    thus does not go through router S to reach the destination prefix.
> 
>    A router may indicate the capability to break U-turns on its links;
>    only such links can be used as U-turn alternate next-hops.  To signal
>    this capability, a router must be capable of detecting when it
>    receives traffic for a given destination from a primary neighbor for
>    that destination and the router must forward that traffic to the
>    selected alternate next-hop.
> 
>    To support U-Turn alternates and node-protection, a router must know
>    what links its neighbor can consider for alternates, how a neighbor
>    will select an alternate, and upon which interfaces a neighbor can
>    break U-turns.  This document defines a common selection criteria
>    which MUST be followed.  In addition, it is necessary to signal two
>    capabilities per link.  First is whether U-turns can be broken on the
>    link and second is whether the link can be used as an alternate, as
>    determined administratively.
> 

-- 
Papadimitriou Dimitri
E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
Phone  : +32 3 240-8491




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Subject: Re: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
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Hi Dimitri,

At 03:46 PM 5/5/2004, Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be wrote:
>hi alex,
>
>Alex Zinin wrote:
>
>>Folks-
>>  As discussed in Seoul, draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt is being 
>> considered
>>  for becoming a WG item.
>>  At this point I would like to solicit opinions on the following points:
>>   1. Technical comments on the substance of the document
>
>- some assumptions are made in the document that should probably be
>   spelled out as working assumptions - as example

Yes, this makes sense.

>   "In essence, the assumption being made is that the time budget to
>   recover traffic in the event of a failure is being consumed by router
>   S's detection of the failure and switchover to its pre-computed
>   alternate."
>   "It is extremely desirable to have at most one forwarding table per
>   interface." how this would translate in case of sub-interfaces ?

I meant interface or sub-interface.

>   "Normally, if traffic fails a reverse forwarding check (i.e. would
>   be forwarded out to the same neighbor as received from), then that
>   traffic is either discarded or forwarded into a loop. In IP/LDP Local
>   Protection, however, traffic that fails a reverse forwarding check is
>   forwarded to the appropriate R_i_j, if available, rather than being
>   discarded."
>   "In examining realistic networks, it was seen that loop-free
>    alternates did not provide adequate coverage for the traffic between
>    all the source-destination pairs." would it be possible to give a
>    average characterization of such networks ?

I'm not sure I can give you an average characterization.  Anyplace where 
you have something like the following, a loop-free alternate won't exist 
for S.  In this case, D could be replaced by a cloud with D accessed elsewhere.

               <---              <----
        [ P ]-----------[ S ]----------[ N_1 ]---------[ R_1 ]
           |                                                    |
           |       --->                             <---      |
           |------------------------------[D]------------------|

>- i don't understand the sentence "For neighbor N_4, the path to D is
>    N_3 to S to N_1 to R_1 to D; because there is a node between N4 and S
>    on the path, N_4 is a looping neighbor." from the picture 3 but i'm
>   not sure you meant figure 3

Replace N_1 with P.  I do mean Figure 3.

>- in the example of section 4.2 is also sending an ICMP re-direct
>   during U-turn mode ? in this case how the condition on top of the
>   figure 8 holds

It is not also sending an ICMP re-direct.  I'm a bit confused by this 
question.  Can you clarify?

>- why this document is referred to as IP*/LDP* protection, if it is
>   referring to the section 5 then it would be need some further details
>   in particular what about the re-direction of the sessions themselves

The sessions do not need to be redirected; that is one of the benefits.
If there is no existing LDP session with the selected alternate neighbor, 
then that LDP FEC cannot use the alternate.  Generally, a router will have 
an LDP session with its neighbors in that area.


>>   2. More specifically, comments on the U-Turn part (e.g. useful/not useful,
>>      comfortable/concerned with the approach, etc.)
>
>- seems useful in some particular p2p cases (but really difficult to
>   assess computational complexity impact) since from the wg discussions
>   it delivers ~ +20% coverage
>- concerned in terms of robustness in non-p2p environment

For non-p2p, you have to know that all the neighbors on that interface are 
in the same area, and thus working on the same topology.  It is of more 
limited use there.

>- would prefer keep (d) and (e) case (detailed in section 3.2.3) for a
>   next step (are there exp.results available ?)

What type of exp. results are you looking for?

>- no details about retrieving the initial state once the failure is
>   recovered (reversion)

This falls into the assumptions, I guess.  Once a new SPF has been run, its 
results are installed into the FIB and are used.



>>   3. Should the WG use this document as the basis for work on the IP fast
>>      reroute topic
>
>it introduces a formalism that can be used for to initiate work on this
>as well as gives a sensible classification, now its readability is
>difficult and its structure (since imho oriented towards the use of
>U-turn) not necessarily in-line with the direction of general topic i-d

The U-turn alternates clearly require some standardized signaling and 
agreement on selection, which is why the document was written with that 
orientation.

Thanks,
Alia

>thanks,
>- dimitri.
>
>>  Please send your comments by May 9th.
>>  The document is available at:
>>  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt
>>  The IPR statement is available at:
>>  http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/avici-ipr-draft-atlas-ip-local-protect.txt
>>  Abstract from the document:
>>    This document defines an architecture and selection process for
>>    providing local protection for IP unicast and/or LDP traffic in the
>>    event of a single link or node failure until the router has
>>    converged.  When computing the primary next-hop for a prefix, a
>>    router S also determines an alternate next-hop which can be used if
>>    the primary next-hop fails.  The alternate can be either a loop-free
>>    alternate, which goes to a neighbor whose shortest path to the prefix
>>    does not go back through the router S, or a U-turn alternate, which
>>    goes to a neighbor whose primary next-hop to the prefix is the router
>>    S, and which has itself a loop-free node-protecting alternate, which
>>    thus does not go through router S to reach the destination prefix.
>>    A router may indicate the capability to break U-turns on its links;
>>    only such links can be used as U-turn alternate next-hops.  To signal
>>    this capability, a router must be capable of detecting when it
>>    receives traffic for a given destination from a primary neighbor for
>>    that destination and the router must forward that traffic to the
>>    selected alternate next-hop.
>>    To support U-Turn alternates and node-protection, a router must know
>>    what links its neighbor can consider for alternates, how a neighbor
>>    will select an alternate, and upon which interfaces a neighbor can
>>    break U-turns.  This document defines a common selection criteria
>>    which MUST be followed.  In addition, it is necessary to signal two
>>    capabilities per link.  First is whether U-turns can be broken on the
>>    link and second is whether the link can be used as an alternate, as
>>    determined administratively.
>
>--
>Papadimitriou Dimitri
>E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Rtgwg mailing list
>Rtgwg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg



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Date: Thu, 06 May 2004 18:01:49 -0400
To: rtgwg@ietf.org
From: "Joel M. Halpern" <joel@stevecrocker.com>
Subject: Re: WG Last Call: draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt
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This note is an effort to provide clear explanation of what changes I think 
are needed to make this document an acceptable information RFC.  I will 
assign numbers in what follows to the specific issues I feel need to be 
addressed.  I can not provide full replacement text, but I believe I can 
provide reasonably clear guidance as to what the problem is.


First, except for a small aspect of clarity, the technical material in 
sections 4 and onward appears sound to me.  It describes a valid way to 
select useful shortcuts, and a valid set of behaviors to use with those.

1) The references to routing tables and metrics could use some 
clarification.  I finally concluded that the routing table being referred 
to was an intermediate conceptual structure between the per-protocol RIBs 
and the actual FIB.  And I concluded that the metrics being referred to 
were internal implementation specific metrics used for selecting routes 
from the conceptual RIB for the FIB.  This is indeed a useful way to look 
at things.  Specifically, at the beginning of section 6, it would help if 
there were additional text describing what "routing table" and what 
"metric" are meant in the ensuing discussion.


I am much more concerned by the early portions of text that attempt to 
describe the applicability of this document.  One can argue that the 
abstract and introduction do not matter much, since they are just stage 
setting.  However, for an informational document such as this, the stage 
setting and applicability are critical.  It is necessary to tell the reader 
when the document may be of use.  Incorrect assertions about what is 
necessary for interoperability, or about the relationship to other RFCs is 
not acceptable.

2) With regard to the Abstract (section 2) the document states that the 
document describes how the SPF should be adapted so that link-state IGPs 
will calculate IP routes to forward traffic over tunnels that are set up by 
Traffic Engineering.  I have two concerns with this.
2a) "should" is an inappropriate term to use in a document like 
this.  "can" or "may" are entirely reasonable.  The particular algorithm 
recommended in this document works, but it is not the only mechanism that 
can be used to enable IGP forwarding over tunnels.
2b) The relationship between this work and Traffic Engineering needs a lot 
more explanation.  This is one of the key reasons I can not provide 
text.  Reading teh Traffic Engineering Applicability RFC, I see that the TE 
group explicitly says that TE tunnels are for use instead of shortest path 
routes.  I see that they talk about affinities, and about selecting traffic 
to make use of specific tunnels.  The algorithms defined in this shortcut 
document, while they will send some traffic over tunnels, do not as 
described meet the applicability of the TE document.  I do assume that 
there is actually an underlying consistency that can be found, but without 
text I do not know what it is.

I believe that the last paragraph of the introduction (section 4) 
mis-describes the constraints that must be met, and the reasons that TE 
tunnels can be used in conjunction with the algorithm given, or in fact in 
conjunction with a range of other algorithms.  I would propose that the 
last paragraph be reword along the following lines.

3) This document describes a mechanism by which Link-state IGPs can make 
use of these shortcuts, and how tehy can install routes in the internal 
routing table (and then in the forwarding tables) that point out over these 
TE-tunnels.  The tunnels under consideration are tunnels created explicitly 
by the node performing the calculation, and with an end-point known to this 
node.  For use in algorithms such as the one described here, it does not 
matter whether the tunnel itself is strictly routed, or if only the head 
and tail end-points of the tunnel are known.  It is important that the 
mechanisms used by routers to choose to inject packets into tunnels are 
such that different routers, with potentially different algorithms, do not 
induce packet loops in the non-tunneled network.  (While it may be 
sub-optimal, it is not a failure of routing if a packet crosses the same 
link once in a tunnel and once un-encapsulated.)  A simple constraint can 
ensure that when a router chooses to inject a packet into a tunnel it is 
not risking inducing an unacceptable loop.  For a packet addressed to a 
destination D, a router may inject the packet into to a tunnel for which 
the router is the head end iff the tunnel end-point is closer, according to 
the IGP metric, to the destination D than the injecting router is.  The 
algorithms that follow are one way that a router may obey this rule and 
make intelligent choices about when to use TE tunnels for traffic.  This 
algorithm may be used in conjunction with other mechanisms such as affinity 
based tunnel selection.


Yours,
Joel M. Halpern


>At 04:19 PM 4/19/2004 -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
>>Folks-
>>
>>  This is to start a 2-week WG Last Call for 
>> draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt.
>>  The document target status is Informational. The Last Call ends on May 
>> 3rd, 2004.
>>  Please send your comments to rtgwg@ietf.org.
>>
>>  The document is available from the WG web-page or at the following URL:
>>
>>    http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt
>>
>>  The Abstract from the document is included below:
>>
>>    This document describes how conventional hop-by-hop link-state
>>    routing protocols interact with new Traffic Engineering capabilities
>>    to create IGP shortcuts.  In particular this document describes how
>>    Dijkstra's SPF algorithm should be adapted so that link-state IGPs
>>    will calculate IP routes to forward traffic over tunnels that are
>>    set up by Traffic Engineering.
>>
>>--
>>Alex Zinin
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>Rtgwg mailing list
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>
>
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References: <363818486.20040429130509@psg.com> <363818486.20040429130509@psg.com> <5.1.0.14.2.20040506133242.029dc108@pop.avici.com>
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Hi alia,

[snip]
>>> Folks-
>>>  As discussed in Seoul, draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt is being 
>>> considered
>>>  for becoming a WG item.
>>>  At this point I would like to solicit opinions on the following points:
>>>   1. Technical comments on the substance of the document
>>
>> - some assumptions are made in the document that should probably be
>>   spelled out as working assumptions - as example
> 
> Yes, this makes sense.

would it possible to group them (suggestion at the beginning) they were 
put in different sections (may even help to have those listed per method

>>   "In essence, the assumption being made is that the time budget to
>>   recover traffic in the event of a failure is being consumed by router
>>   S's detection of the failure and switchover to its pre-computed
>>   alternate."
>>   "It is extremely desirable to have at most one forwarding table per
>>   interface." how this would translate in case of sub-interfaces ?
> 
> I meant interface or sub-interface.

ok -

>>   "Normally, if traffic fails a reverse forwarding check (i.e. would
>>   be forwarded out to the same neighbor as received from), then that
>>   traffic is either discarded or forwarded into a loop. In IP/LDP Local
>>   Protection, however, traffic that fails a reverse forwarding check is
>>   forwarded to the appropriate R_i_j, if available, rather than being
>>   discarded."
>>   "In examining realistic networks, it was seen that loop-free
>>    alternates did not provide adequate coverage for the traffic between
>>    all the source-destination pairs." would it be possible to give a
>>    average characterization of such networks ?
> 
> I'm not sure I can give you an average characterization.  Anyplace where 
> you have something like the following, a loop-free alternate won't exist 
> for S.  In this case, D could be replaced by a cloud with D accessed 
> elsewhere.
> 
>               <---              <----
>        [ P ]-----------[ S ]----------[ N_1 ]---------[ R_1 ]
>           |                                                    |
>           |       --->                             <---      |
>           |------------------------------[D]------------------|

i asked this because you mentioned "realistic networks", as asking you 
what realistic mean wouldn't have helped, was trying to see how for 
these realistic network characterizes in order to assess computational 
complexity (it won't be easy anyway)

>> - i don't understand the sentence "For neighbor N_4, the path to D is
>>    N_3 to S to N_1 to R_1 to D; because there is a node between N4 and S
>>    on the path, N_4 is a looping neighbor." from the picture 3 but i'm
>>   not sure you meant figure 3
> 
> Replace N_1 with P.  I do mean Figure 3.

ok

>> - in the example of section 4.2 is also sending an ICMP re-direct
>>   during U-turn mode ? in this case how the condition on top of the
>>   figure 8 holds
> 
> It is not also sending an ICMP re-direct.  I'm a bit confused by this 
> question.  Can you clarify?

taking figure 8, the condition mentions "Because all link costs are 
positive, no neighbor on the broadcast interface will ever send traffic 
to S along that interface in order to reach P. Therefore, S can assume 
that any traffic received on the broadcast interface which goes to a 
destination via a primary next-hop neighbor that is also on the 
broadcast interface is in fact sent by that primary next-hop neighbor 
and should be redirected to break the U-Turn." where should it be 
redirect (is it N_4 ? i think so because the figure uses the @@@ arrow)
but we would have then N_1/N_2/N_3 (-> P) -> S -> N_4 isn't P sending
a redirect (and how the condition holds ?) if the link to P fails i 
don't understand how this would work (how would N_1/N_2/N_3 detect link 
to P has failed), would you clarify ? but it seems looking at the next 
sentence that it seems that the interpretation i have is that S attracts 
the traffic "Thus, if router S has a primary next-hop neighbor for a 
given prefix on the broadcast interface, S should redirect all traffic 
received destined to that prefix on the broadcast interface to S's 
alternate next-hop." (N_4 is pointed by the @@@ arrow that's indicating 
the alternate next-hop towards D"

>> - why this document is referred to as IP*/LDP* protection, if it is
>>   referring to the section 5 then it would be need some further details
>>   in particular what about the re-direction of the sessions themselves
>  
> The sessions do not need to be redirected; that is one of the benefits.
> If there is no existing LDP session with the selected alternate 
> neighbor, then that LDP FEC cannot use the alternate.  Generally, a 
> router will have an LDP session with its neighbors in that area.

i would have started the discussion on "FEC protection", and then try to 
see if there is an impact on LDP from the link/node failures that could 
affect it, i think we say the same in fact, you've concentrated the doc
on FEC (distributed from LDP) - LDP is simply another section in the 
protocol interactions described in section 6 - but you would agree with 
me that first sentence of the abstract is rather confusing then from 
that perspective "This document defines an architecture and selection 
process for providing local protection for IP unicast and/or LDP traffic 
in the event of a single link or node failure until the router has 
converged." btw is the working assumption that the network is running in 
a uniform mode ? both ?

>>>   2. More specifically, comments on the U-Turn part (e.g. useful/not 
>>> useful,
>>>      comfortable/concerned with the approach, etc.)
>>
>> - seems useful in some particular p2p cases (but really difficult to
>>   assess computational complexity impact) since from the wg discussions
>>   it delivers ~ +20% coverage

by the way i was re-looking at the slides discussed in atlanta and is 
seems that thre any loop free reached at least 89% (and it was mention 
that in terms of % of protected links it should be higher)

>> - concerned in terms of robustness in non-p2p environment
> 
> For non-p2p, you have to know that all the neighbors on that interface 
> are in the same area, and thus working on the same topology.  It is of 
> more limited use there.

up so far for non p2p environments i have been more looking at the 
problems it could generate (because without diminishing the merit of the 
effort i think - and the above statement confirms this - that we're 
probably running outside of its relevant utilization scope) you may 
still argue that you can emulate a point to point environment (see 
p2p-over-lan) but once above point will be clarified i think it will be 
easier to assess

>> - would prefer keep (d) and (e) case (detailed in section 3.2.3) for a
>>   next step (are there exp.results available ?)
> 
> What type of exp. results are you looking for?

computational overhead (we know all the system constraints) wrt to 
loop-free alternates (for the same topology & in terms of the #nodes, 
#links, #dest.prefixes) we can even take the topologies for which the 
succesful events would be greater than simply with loop free alternates

>> - no details about retrieving the initial state once the failure is
>>   recovered (reversion)
>  
> This falls into the assumptions, I guess.  Once a new SPF has been run, 
> its results are installed into the FIB and are used.

my question is related to overhead to retrieve the initial state it is 
in the introduction "until a new SPF is run and its results are 
installed." there are no further details upon conditions (assuming that 
breaking a U turn occur) you would require to have something equivalent 
in terms of succesful events (which results are installed)

>>>   3. Should the WG use this document as the basis for work on the IP 
>>> fast
>>>      reroute topic
>>
>> it introduces a formalism that can be used for to initiate work on this
>> as well as gives a sensible classification, now its readability is
>> difficult and its structure (since imho oriented towards the use of
>> U-turn) not necessarily in-line with the direction of general topic i-d
> 
> The U-turn alternates clearly require some standardized signaling and 
> agreement on selection, which is why the document was written with that 
> orientation.

it would need to be revisited from that perspective (even it would need 
to make abstraction of the use of U-turns or any "optimized" method 
beyond loop free alternates in a first phase (?) - would you agree ?

thanks,
- dimitri.

> Thanks,
> Alia
> 
>> thanks,
>> - dimitri.
>>
>>>  Please send your comments by May 9th.
>>>  The document is available at:
>>>  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt
>>>  The IPR statement is available at:
>>>  http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/avici-ipr-draft-atlas-ip-local-protect.txt
>>>  Abstract from the document:
>>>    This document defines an architecture and selection process for
>>>    providing local protection for IP unicast and/or LDP traffic in the
>>>    event of a single link or node failure until the router has
>>>    converged.  When computing the primary next-hop for a prefix, a
>>>    router S also determines an alternate next-hop which can be used if
>>>    the primary next-hop fails.  The alternate can be either a loop-free
>>>    alternate, which goes to a neighbor whose shortest path to the prefix
>>>    does not go back through the router S, or a U-turn alternate, which
>>>    goes to a neighbor whose primary next-hop to the prefix is the router
>>>    S, and which has itself a loop-free node-protecting alternate, which
>>>    thus does not go through router S to reach the destination prefix.
>>>    A router may indicate the capability to break U-turns on its links;
>>>    only such links can be used as U-turn alternate next-hops.  To signal
>>>    this capability, a router must be capable of detecting when it
>>>    receives traffic for a given destination from a primary neighbor for
>>>    that destination and the router must forward that traffic to the
>>>    selected alternate next-hop.
>>>    To support U-Turn alternates and node-protection, a router must know
>>>    what links its neighbor can consider for alternates, how a neighbor
>>>    will select an alternate, and upon which interfaces a neighbor can
>>>    break U-turns.  This document defines a common selection criteria
>>>    which MUST be followed.  In addition, it is necessary to signal two
>>>    capabilities per link.  First is whether U-turns can be broken on the
>>>    link and second is whether the link can be used as an alternate, as
>>>    determined administratively.
>>
>>
>> -- 
>> Papadimitriou Dimitri
>> E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>> E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>> Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>> Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>> Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Rtgwg mailing list
>> Rtgwg@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
> 
> 
> 

-- 
Papadimitriou Dimitri
E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
Phone  : +32 3 240-8491


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To: "Joel M. Halpern" <joel@stevecrocker.com>
Cc: rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: WG Last Call: draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt 
In-reply-to: Mail from "Joel M. Halpern" <joel@stevecrocker.com> 
 dated Thu, 06 May 2004 18:01:49 EDT
 <5.1.0.14.0.20040506173659.024f9e70@localhost> 
Date: Thu, 06 May 2004 18:35:09 -0700
From: Naiming Shen <naiming@redback.com>
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Joel,

thanks so much for the detailed comments. will try to incorporate them
into the draft.

Regards.

 ] This note is an effort to provide clear explanation of what changes I think 
 ] are needed to make this document an acceptable information RFC.  I will 
 ] assign numbers in what follows to the specific issues I feel need to be 
 ] addressed.  I can not provide full replacement text, but I believe I can 
 ] provide reasonably clear guidance as to what the problem is.
 ] 
 ] 
 ] First, except for a small aspect of clarity, the technical material in 
 ] sections 4 and onward appears sound to me.  It describes a valid way to 
 ] select useful shortcuts, and a valid set of behaviors to use with those.
 ] 
 ] 1) The references to routing tables and metrics could use some 
 ] clarification.  I finally concluded that the routing table being referred 
 ] to was an intermediate conceptual structure between the per-protocol RIBs 
 ] and the actual FIB.  And I concluded that the metrics being referred to 
 ] were internal implementation specific metrics used for selecting routes 
 ] from the conceptual RIB for the FIB.  This is indeed a useful way to look 
 ] at things.  Specifically, at the beginning of section 6, it would help if 
 ] there were additional text describing what "routing table" and what 
 ] "metric" are meant in the ensuing discussion.
 ] 
 ] 
 ] I am much more concerned by the early portions of text that attempt to 
 ] describe the applicability of this document.  One can argue that the 
 ] abstract and introduction do not matter much, since they are just stage 
 ] setting.  However, for an informational document such as this, the stage 
 ] setting and applicability are critical.  It is necessary to tell the reader 
 ] when the document may be of use.  Incorrect assertions about what is 
 ] necessary for interoperability, or about the relationship to other RFCs is 
 ] not acceptable.
 ] 
 ] 2) With regard to the Abstract (section 2) the document states that the 
 ] document describes how the SPF should be adapted so that link-state IGPs 
 ] will calculate IP routes to forward traffic over tunnels that are set up by 
 ] Traffic Engineering.  I have two concerns with this.
 ] 2a) "should" is an inappropriate term to use in a document like 
 ] this.  "can" or "may" are entirely reasonable.  The particular algorithm 
 ] recommended in this document works, but it is not the only mechanism that 
 ] can be used to enable IGP forwarding over tunnels.
 ] 2b) The relationship between this work and Traffic Engineering needs a lot 
 ] more explanation.  This is one of the key reasons I can not provide 
 ] text.  Reading teh Traffic Engineering Applicability RFC, I see that the TE 
 ] group explicitly says that TE tunnels are for use instead of shortest path 
 ] routes.  I see that they talk about affinities, and about selecting traffic 
 ] to make use of specific tunnels.  The algorithms defined in this shortcut 
 ] document, while they will send some traffic over tunnels, do not as 
 ] described meet the applicability of the TE document.  I do assume that 
 ] there is actually an underlying consistency that can be found, but without 
 ] text I do not know what it is.
 ] 
 ] I believe that the last paragraph of the introduction (section 4) 
 ] mis-describes the constraints that must be met, and the reasons that TE 
 ] tunnels can be used in conjunction with the algorithm given, or in fact in 
 ] conjunction with a range of other algorithms.  I would propose that the 
 ] last paragraph be reword along the following lines.
 ] 
 ] 3) This document describes a mechanism by which Link-state IGPs can make 
 ] use of these shortcuts, and how tehy can install routes in the internal 
 ] routing table (and then in the forwarding tables) that point out over these 
 ] TE-tunnels.  The tunnels under consideration are tunnels created explicitly 
 ] by the node performing the calculation, and with an end-point known to this 
 ] node.  For use in algorithms such as the one described here, it does not 
 ] matter whether the tunnel itself is strictly routed, or if only the head 
 ] and tail end-points of the tunnel are known.  It is important that the 
 ] mechanisms used by routers to choose to inject packets into tunnels are 
 ] such that different routers, with potentially different algorithms, do not 
 ] induce packet loops in the non-tunneled network.  (While it may be 
 ] sub-optimal, it is not a failure of routing if a packet crosses the same 
 ] link once in a tunnel and once un-encapsulated.)  A simple constraint can 
 ] ensure that when a router chooses to inject a packet into a tunnel it is 
 ] not risking inducing an unacceptable loop.  For a packet addressed to a 
 ] destination D, a router may inject the packet into to a tunnel for which 
 ] the router is the head end iff the tunnel end-point is closer, according to 
 ] the IGP metric, to the destination D than the injecting router is.  The 
 ] algorithms that follow are one way that a router may obey this rule and 
 ] make intelligent choices about when to use TE tunnels for traffic.  This 
 ] algorithm may be used in conjunction with other mechanisms such as affinity 
 ] based tunnel selection.
 ] 
 ] 
 ] Yours,
 ] Joel M. Halpern
 ] 
 ] 
 ] >At 04:19 PM 4/19/2004 -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
 ] >>Folks-
 ] >>
 ] >>  This is to start a 2-week WG Last Call for 
 ] >> draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt.
 ] >>  The document target status is Informational. The Last Call ends on May 
 ] >> 3rd, 2004.
 ] >>  Please send your comments to rtgwg@ietf.org.
 ] >>
 ] >>  The document is available from the WG web-page or at the following URL:
 ] >>
 ] >>    http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.t
xt
 ] >>
 ] >>  The Abstract from the document is included below:
 ] >>
 ] >>    This document describes how conventional hop-by-hop link-state
 ] >>    routing protocols interact with new Traffic Engineering capabilities
 ] >>    to create IGP shortcuts.  In particular this document describes how
 ] >>    Dijkstra's SPF algorithm should be adapted so that link-state IGPs
 ] >>    will calculate IP routes to forward traffic over tunnels that are
 ] >>    set up by Traffic Engineering.
 ] >>
 ] >>--
 ] >>Alex Zinin
 ] >>
 ] >>
 ] >>_______________________________________________
 ] >>Rtgwg mailing list
 ] >>Rtgwg@ietf.org
 ] >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
 ] >
 ] >
 ] >_______________________________________________
 ] >Rtgwg mailing list
 ] >Rtgwg@ietf.org
 ] >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
 ] 
 ] 
 ] _______________________________________________
 ] Rtgwg mailing list
 ] Rtgwg@ietf.org
 ] https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg

- Naiming

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To: Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be
From: Alia Atlas <aatlas@avici.com>
Subject: Re: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
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Hi Dimitri,

At 06:57 PM 5/6/2004, Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be wrote:
>[snip]
>>>>Folks-
>>>>  As discussed in Seoul, draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt is being 
>>>> considered
>>>>  for becoming a WG item.
>>>>  At this point I would like to solicit opinions on the following points:
>>>>   1. Technical comments on the substance of the document
>>>
>>>- some assumptions are made in the document that should probably be
>>>   spelled out as working assumptions - as example
>>Yes, this makes sense.
>
>would it possible to group them (suggestion at the beginning) they were 
>put in different sections (may even help to have those listed per method

Yes, this makes sense as long as sufficient context has been introduced for 
the assumptions and methods to be understood.

>>>   "Normally, if traffic fails a reverse forwarding check (i.e. would
>>>   be forwarded out to the same neighbor as received from), then that
>>>   traffic is either discarded or forwarded into a loop. In IP/LDP Local
>>>   Protection, however, traffic that fails a reverse forwarding check is
>>>   forwarded to the appropriate R_i_j, if available, rather than being
>>>   discarded."
>>>   "In examining realistic networks, it was seen that loop-free
>>>    alternates did not provide adequate coverage for the traffic between
>>>    all the source-destination pairs." would it be possible to give a
>>>    average characterization of such networks ?
>>I'm not sure I can give you an average characterization.  Anyplace where 
>>you have something like the following, a loop-free alternate won't exist 
>>for S.  In this case, D could be replaced by a cloud with D accessed elsewhere.
>>               <---              <----
>>        [ P ]-----------[ S ]----------[ N_1 ]---------[ R_1 ]
>>           |                                                    |
>>           |       --->                             <---      |
>>           |------------------------------[D]------------------|
>
>i asked this because you mentioned "realistic networks", as asking you 
>what realistic mean wouldn't have helped, was trying to see how for these 
>realistic network characterizes in order to assess computational 
>complexity (it won't be easy anyway)

Well, in this case realistic networks meant a combination of actual core 
networks.
The complexity depends on how many neighbors a router has to consider for 
an alternate.

>>>- in the example of section 4.2 is also sending an ICMP re-direct
>>>   during U-turn mode ? in this case how the condition on top of the
>>>   figure 8 holds
>>It is not also sending an ICMP re-direct.  I'm a bit confused by this 
>>question.  Can you clarify?
>
>taking figure 8, the condition mentions "Because all link costs are 
>positive, no neighbor on the broadcast interface will ever send traffic to 
>S along that interface in order to reach P. Therefore, S can assume that 
>any traffic received on the broadcast interface which goes to a 
>destination via a primary next-hop neighbor that is also on the broadcast 
>interface is in fact sent by that primary next-hop neighbor and should be 
>redirected to break the U-Turn." where should it be redirect (is it N_4 ? 
>i think so because the figure uses the @@@ arrow)
>but we would have then N_1/N_2/N_3 (-> P) -> S -> N_4 isn't P sending
>a redirect (and how the condition holds ?) if the link to P fails i don't 
>understand how this would work (how would N_1/N_2/N_3 detect link to P has 
>failed), would you clarify ? but it seems looking at the next sentence 
>that it seems that the interpretation i have is that S attracts the 
>traffic "Thus, if router S has a primary next-hop neighbor for a given 
>prefix on the broadcast interface, S should redirect all traffic received 
>destined to that prefix on the broadcast interface to S's alternate 
>next-hop." (N_4 is pointed by the @@@ arrow that's indicating the 
>alternate next-hop towards D"

Ok.  In ref to Figure 8, first, N_1, N_2 and N_3 would have P has their 
primary neighbor.  So would S.

If the link from P to D failed, then P would send traffic destined for D to 
S.  S, on receiving traffic from its primary neighbor, would detect and 
break the U-turn and therefore send the traffic to N_4.

This picture is trying to address the question of whether N_1, N_2 or N_3 
might send traffic destined to D towards S with the belief that it should 
then go to P.

P could send redirects for traffic it receives; that's on a longer 
time-scale, and doesn't make much sense to me if N_1, N_2 and N_3 are all 
in the same routing area running the same IGP.

>>>- why this document is referred to as IP*/LDP* protection, if it is
>>>   referring to the section 5 then it would be need some further details
>>>   in particular what about the re-direction of the sessions themselves
>>
>>The sessions do not need to be redirected; that is one of the benefits.
>>If there is no existing LDP session with the selected alternate neighbor, 
>>then that LDP FEC cannot use the alternate.  Generally, a router will 
>>have an LDP session with its neighbors in that area.
>
>i would have started the discussion on "FEC protection", and then try to 
>see if there is an impact on LDP from the link/node failures that could 
>affect it, i think we say the same in fact, you've concentrated the doc
>on FEC (distributed from LDP) - LDP is simply another section in the 
>protocol interactions described in section 6 - but you would agree with me 
>that first sentence of the abstract is rather confusing then from that 
>perspective "This document defines an architecture and selection process 
>for providing local protection for IP unicast and/or LDP traffic in the 
>event of a single link or node failure until the router has converged." 
>btw is the working assumption that the network is running in a uniform 
>mode ? both ?

It is true that the LDP protection comes from following the IGP and using 
the alternates that the IGP has computed for a FEC.  This works as long as 
LDP is running in liberal label retention mode and downstream unsolicited, 
so that LDP has the necessary labels.   I wanted to put that benefit up 
front in the abstract...

What do you mean by running in a uniform mode?  Are you asking if I'm 
assuming that the network topology was stable (and the routers converged to 
use it) before the single failure?  Or are you asking if I'm assuming LDP 
is running everywhere if running anywhere?  Or something else?

>>>>   2. More specifically, comments on the U-Turn part (e.g. useful/not 
>>>> useful,
>>>>      comfortable/concerned with the approach, etc.)
>>>
>>>- seems useful in some particular p2p cases (but really difficult to
>>>   assess computational complexity impact) since from the wg discussions
>>>   it delivers ~ +20% coverage
>
>by the way i was re-looking at the slides discussed in atlanta and is 
>seems that thre any loop free reached at least 89% (and it was mention 
>that in terms of % of protected links it should be higher)

The coverage benefits are very much network topology dependent.  I'm 
probably looking at a different set of networks than Cengiz & Alex were.

>>>- concerned in terms of robustness in non-p2p environment
>>For non-p2p, you have to know that all the neighbors on that interface 
>>are in the same area, and thus working on the same topology.  It is of 
>>more limited use there.
>
>up so far for non p2p environments i have been more looking at the 
>problems it could generate (because without diminishing the merit of the 
>effort i think - and the above statement confirms this - that we're 
>probably running outside of its relevant utilization scope) you may still 
>argue that you can emulate a point to point environment (see p2p-over-lan) 
>but once above point will be clarified i think it will be easier to assess

If emulating a p2p environment, then it works without additional restrictions.

>>>- would prefer keep (d) and (e) case (detailed in section 3.2.3) for a
>>>   next step (are there exp.results available ?)
>>What type of exp. results are you looking for?
>
>computational overhead (we know all the system constraints) wrt to 
>loop-free alternates (for the same topology & in terms of the #nodes, 
>#links, #dest.prefixes) we can even take the topologies for which the 
>succesful events would be greater than simply with loop free alternates

That very much depends on the details of the algorithm used for the 
computation.

>>>- no details about retrieving the initial state once the failure is
>>>   recovered (reversion)
>>
>>This falls into the assumptions, I guess.  Once a new SPF has been run, 
>>its results are installed into the FIB and are used.
>
>my question is related to overhead to retrieve the initial state it is in 
>the introduction "until a new SPF is run and its results are installed." 
>there are no further details upon conditions (assuming that breaking a U 
>turn occur) you would require to have something equivalent in terms of 
>succesful events (which results are installed)

Sorry, but could you clarify your question even further?

>>>>   3. Should the WG use this document as the basis for work on the IP fast
>>>>      reroute topic
>>>
>>>it introduces a formalism that can be used for to initiate work on this
>>>as well as gives a sensible classification, now its readability is
>>>difficult and its structure (since imho oriented towards the use of
>>>U-turn) not necessarily in-line with the direction of general topic i-d
>>The U-turn alternates clearly require some standardized signaling and 
>>agreement on selection, which is why the document was written with that 
>>orientation.
>
>it would need to be revisited from that perspective (even it would need to 
>make abstraction of the use of U-turns or any "optimized" method beyond 
>loop free alternates in a first phase (?) - would you agree ?

Certainly it will need to given a perspective suitable to the sub-set of 
information contained in it.  If that doesn't include U-Turns (because that 
is in a separate draft for Experimental, for instance), then that would 
certainly change the perspective.

Thanks,
Alia


>thanks,
>- dimitri.
>
>>Thanks,
>>Alia
>>
>>>thanks,
>>>- dimitri.
>>>
>>>>  Please send your comments by May 9th.
>>>>  The document is available at:
>>>>  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt
>>>>  The IPR statement is available at:
>>>>  http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/avici-ipr-draft-atlas-ip-local-protect.txt
>>>>  Abstract from the document:
>>>>    This document defines an architecture and selection process for
>>>>    providing local protection for IP unicast and/or LDP traffic in the
>>>>    event of a single link or node failure until the router has
>>>>    converged.  When computing the primary next-hop for a prefix, a
>>>>    router S also determines an alternate next-hop which can be used if
>>>>    the primary next-hop fails.  The alternate can be either a loop-free
>>>>    alternate, which goes to a neighbor whose shortest path to the prefix
>>>>    does not go back through the router S, or a U-turn alternate, which
>>>>    goes to a neighbor whose primary next-hop to the prefix is the router
>>>>    S, and which has itself a loop-free node-protecting alternate, which
>>>>    thus does not go through router S to reach the destination prefix.
>>>>    A router may indicate the capability to break U-turns on its links;
>>>>    only such links can be used as U-turn alternate next-hops.  To signal
>>>>    this capability, a router must be capable of detecting when it
>>>>    receives traffic for a given destination from a primary neighbor for
>>>>    that destination and the router must forward that traffic to the
>>>>    selected alternate next-hop.
>>>>    To support U-Turn alternates and node-protection, a router must know
>>>>    what links its neighbor can consider for alternates, how a neighbor
>>>>    will select an alternate, and upon which interfaces a neighbor can
>>>>    break U-turns.  This document defines a common selection criteria
>>>>    which MUST be followed.  In addition, it is necessary to signal two
>>>>    capabilities per link.  First is whether U-turns can be broken on the
>>>>    link and second is whether the link can be used as an alternate, as
>>>>    determined administratively.
>>>
>>>
>>>--
>>>Papadimitriou Dimitri
>>>E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>>>E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>>>Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>>>Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>>>Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>Rtgwg mailing list
>>>Rtgwg@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
>>
>
>--
>Papadimitriou Dimitri
>E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Rtgwg mailing list
>Rtgwg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg



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Naiming,

 How much time do you need to revise the doc?

 Regards.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Thursday, May 6, 2004, 6:35:09 PM, Naiming Shen wrote:

> Joel,

> thanks so much for the detailed comments. will try to incorporate them
> into the draft.

> Regards.




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To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
Cc: Naiming Shen <naiming@redback.com>,
        "Joel M. Halpern" <joel@stevecrocker.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: WG Last Call: draft-ietf-rtgwg-igp-shortcut-00.txt 
In-reply-to: Mail from Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com> 
 dated Sun, 09 May 2004 11:53:59 PDT
 <1342466946.20040509115359@psg.com> 
Date: Sun, 09 May 2004 22:55:52 -0700
From: Naiming Shen <naiming@redback.com>
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Hi Alex,

 ] Naiming,
 ] 
 ]  How much time do you need to revise the doc?
 ] 

I'm on a trip next week, will try to address this in the following
week. So will be around two weeks time and hope that's cool.

thanks.

 ]  Regards.
 ] 
 ] -- 
 ] Alex
 ] http://www.psg.com/~zinin/
 ] 
 ] Thursday, May 6, 2004, 6:35:09 PM, Naiming Shen wrote:
 ] 
 ] > Joel,
 ] 
 ] > thanks so much for the detailed comments. will try to incorporate them
 ] > into the draft.
 ] 
 ] > Regards.
 ] 
 ] 
 ] 

- Naiming

_______________________________________________
Rtgwg mailing list
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From: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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References: Mail from Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>  dated Sun, 09 May 2004
 11:53:59 PDT <1342466946.20040509115359@psg.com>
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Thanks a lot, Naiming!

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

Sunday, May 9, 2004, 10:55:52 PM, Naiming Shen wrote:

> Hi Alex,

>  ] Naiming,
>  ] 
>  ]  How much time do you need to revise the doc?
>  ] 

> I'm on a trip next week, will try to address this in the following
> week. So will be around two weeks time and hope that's cool.

> thanks.

>  ]  Regards.
>  ] 
>  ] -- 
>  ] Alex
>  ] http://www.psg.com/~zinin/
>  ] 
>  ] Thursday, May 6, 2004, 6:35:09 PM, Naiming Shen wrote:
>  ] 
>  ] > Joel,
>  ] 
>  ] > thanks so much for the detailed comments. will try to incorporate them
>  ] > into the draft.
>  ] 
>  ] > Regards.
>  ] 
>  ] 
>  ] 

> - Naiming


_______________________________________________
Rtgwg mailing list
Rtgwg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg



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From: Stewart Bryant <stbryant@cisco.com>
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References: <5.1.0.14.2.20040506133242.029dc108@pop.avici.com> <363818486.20040429130509@psg.com> <363818486.20040429130509@psg.com> <5.1.0.14.2.20040506133242.029dc108@pop.avici.com> <5.1.0.14.2.20040507104505.0248f3a0@pop.avici.com>
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Whilst I agree that the topic of link and node protection
in an IP network should be a work item for the IETF, it
is premature to accept draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt
as WG item.

I believe that there may exist a number of alternate
solutions to this problem. I think that we should
fully describe the problem and properly explore
the alternative solutions before accepting this draft
as a WG item.

- Stewart


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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: stbryant@cisco.com, rtgwg@ietf.org
Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
Subject: RE: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
Date: Mon, 10 May 2004 10:57:44 -0400
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Hi Stewart

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Stewart Bryant [mailto:stbryant@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Monday, May 10, 2004 6:48 AM
> 
> Whilst I agree that the topic of link and node protection
> in an IP network should be a work item for the IETF, it
> is premature to accept draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt
> as WG item.
> 
> I believe that there may exist a number of alternate
> solutions to this problem. I think that we should
> fully describe the problem and properly explore
> the alternative solutions before accepting this draft
> as a WG item.
> 
Please elaborate more on the solutions.

Thanks,
Don 

> - Stewart
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Rtgwg mailing list
> Rtgwg@ietf.org
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> 

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To: Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
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Subject: Re: Review Call: draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as WG item
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Don Fedyk wrote:

> Hi Stewart
> 
> 
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: Stewart Bryant [mailto:stbryant@cisco.com] 
>>Sent: Monday, May 10, 2004 6:48 AM
>>
>>Whilst I agree that the topic of link and node protection
>>in an IP network should be a work item for the IETF, it
>>is premature to accept draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt
>>as WG item.
>>
>>I believe that there may exist a number of alternate
>>solutions to this problem. I think that we should
>>fully describe the problem and properly explore
>>the alternative solutions before accepting this draft
>>as a WG item.
>>
> 
> Please elaborate more on the solutions.
> 

We will submit a draft on our proposals.

- Stewart



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Folks-

Thursday, April 29, 2004, 12:42:40 PM, Alex Zinin wrote:
...
>  I also sense that it will be useful to produce a framework kind of document
>  explaining what we're talking about and how different pieces of technology fit
>  together. I would be fine with this, provided that it will be a lean and crisp
>  document that we can finish within months, and someone commits to take an
>  active (I mean really active) lead on this.

FYI, Mike Shand volunteered to work on such document and submit the first
version within a couple of week. I asked Mike to produce a very laconic and
precise document roughly along the following lines:

>  1. Introduction
>      - brief problem definition and scoping
>      - brief description of the desired results
>
>  2. Problem Analysis
>
>      -components of network rerouting time today (detection, local reaction,
>       network-wide topology update, route recalculation, fib update)
>
>  3. Mechanism for IP fast-reroute
>
>     - mechanisms for fast detection (link-layer, fast Hellos, BFD)
>
>     - node-local reaction before network-wide reconvergence
>
>     - FIB update--implementation-specific

Once Mike has something ready, we'll let the list know.

Thanks, Mike!

Alex


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Folks-

 Based on the feedback we got on the list and I got unicast, making
 draft-atlas-ip-local-protect-00.txt as a whole a WG item would be premature. On
 the other hand, I believe we need to make progress on this topic. I suggest
 that we do the following:

  1. I believe that we have a pretty good understanding on what the _basic_ IP
     FRR mechanism should be: vanilla loop-free feasible next-hops (what is called
     "loop-free alternates" in Alia's document, or "downstream paths" in 10589,
     I believe), no U-turns-like optimizations, simple and safe. I think we
     shouldn't spend a lot of time on this topic, just write the spec.

  2. Advanced methods is where I see the field for play: U-turns, what Mike and
     Stewart have, etc. Here we can take more time to discuss and see which
     direction we want to go long-term. Note that I think these SHOULD NOT be
     part of the basic spec, but rather separate document(s).

  3. Alia's draft covers both the basic mechanism, and U-turns. Other folks are
     coming up with more drafts.

     My recommendation to Alia would be to move U-turns to a separate draft and
     revise the main draft to talk about the basic mechanism only. It seems that
     the draft would then have a good chance of becoming a WG item.

     My recommendation to others would be to submit their [advanced] proposals
     reasonably soon--I'd like us to have the first review of the available
     methods in San Diego and complete the selection process by the DC meeting.

 Opinions are welcome.

--
Alex
     

     

 
 


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At 01:00 PM 5/13/2004, Alex Zinin wrote:
>   3. Alia's draft covers both the basic mechanism, and U-turns. Other 
> folks are
>      coming up with more drafts.
>
>      My recommendation to Alia would be to move U-turns to a separate 
> draft and
>      revise the main draft to talk about the basic mechanism only. It 
> seems that
>      the draft would then have a good chance of becoming a WG item.

I'll break up the draft, move the U-turns to a separate document, and 
submit a revised draft on the basic loop-free feasible alternates.

>      My recommendation to others would be to submit their [advanced] 
> proposals
>      reasonably soon--I'd like us to have the first review of the available
>      methods in San Diego and complete the selection process by the DC 
> meeting.

Yes, I'd very much like to start discussing U-turn alternates and whatever 
alternatives that Stewart is planning on describing.

Alia



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Folks-

 Below's the list of IP FRR-related items to be added to the WG charter that I'll
 be sending to the IESG. Please see if the dates make sense to you.

 MAY 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on IP Fast Reroute framework

 APR 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism

 AUG 2004   Review various mechanisms for Advanced IP Fast Reroute

 OCT 2004   Submit specification on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism to IESG
            for publication as Proposed Standard

 NOV 2004   Select the Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism

 MAY 2005   Submit specification on Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism to
            IESG for publication as Proposed Standard

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


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Folks-

 Dave and I talked about putting a revision of GTSH on STD tracks as a
 DoS-prevention mechanism. I'd like to know what folks in the WG think about
 this idea. Yes/No/"what's STD tracks"?

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
cc: rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Charter milestones for IP FRR
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On Thu, 20 May 2004, Alex Zinin wrote:
>  Below's the list of IP FRR-related items to be added to the WG charter that I'll
>  be sending to the IESG. Please see if the dates make sense to you.
> 
>  MAY 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on IP Fast Reroute framework
> 
>  APR 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism

This should probably be May?

>  MAY 2005   Submit specification on Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism to
>             IESG for publication as Proposed Standard

We might also want to consider whether one or both of these should go 
to experimental.  But that's probably something to think about when we 
have a better idea of what we're talking about..

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings


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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
cc: rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: GTSM to STD track?
In-Reply-To: <69369195.20040520143130@psg.com>
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On Thu, 20 May 2004, Alex Zinin wrote:
>  Dave and I talked about putting a revision of GTSH on STD tracks as a
>  DoS-prevention mechanism. I'd like to know what folks in the WG think about
>  this idea. Yes/No/"what's STD tracks"?

Definitely for STDs track, especially as it has to be revised in any 
case ASAP!

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings


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Date: Fri, 21 May 2004 12:50:24 -0400
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
From: "Joel M. Halpern" <joel@stevecrocker.com>
Subject: Re: GTSM to STD track?
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Assuming that the operational folks agree that this is as good an idea as 
it appears (which is rather supported by the operational background of the 
authors), I would support some form of standardization for GTSM.
Looking at the draft, it looks to me like a better candidate for BCP than 
for Proposed Standard.  Given that the on-the-wire behavior of the 
protocols is not changed (one of the positive features of this approach) it 
would be awkward to describe it as a proposed standard protocol.

Yours,
Joel M. Halpern

At 02:31 PM 5/20/2004 -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
>Folks-
>
>  Dave and I talked about putting a revision of GTSM on STD tracks as a
>  DoS-prevention mechanism. I'd like to know what folks in the WG think about
>  this idea. Yes/No/"what's STD tracks"?
>
>--
>Alex
>http://www.psg.com/~zinin/
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Rtgwg mailing list
>Rtgwg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg


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cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: GTSM to STD track?
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On Fri, 21 May 2004, Joel M. Halpern wrote:
>
> At 02:31 PM 5/20/2004 -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
> >Folks-
> >
> >  Dave and I talked about putting a revision of GTSM on STD tracks
> >  as a DoS-prevention mechanism. I'd like to know what folks in the
> >  WG think about this idea. Yes/No/"what's STD tracks"?
>
> Assuming that the operational folks agree that this is as good an
> idea as it appears (which is rather supported by the operational
> background of the authors), I would support some form of
> standardization for GTSM.  Looking at the draft, it looks to me like
> a better candidate for BCP than for Proposed Standard.  Given that
> the on-the-wire behavior of the protocols is not changed (one of the
> positive features of this approach) it would be awkward to describe
> it as a proposed standard protocol.
>
> Yours,
> Joel M. Halpern

Yes, I'm also not sure what kind of Standard it would be.
It's not a protocol and I'm not sure there are interoperability
ramifications or not (would depend on the specifics, I guess.)

Pehaps a BCP to operators and implementors and guidance to designers
of future protocols?

Tony

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On Fri, May 21, 2004 at 10:50:01AM -0700, Tony Tauber wrote:
> Yes, I'm also not sure what kind of Standard it would be.
> It's not a protocol and I'm not sure there are interoperability
> ramifications or not (would depend on the specifics, I guess.)

In a sense it is a protocol extension to IPv4/v6.  It might even
be worth having those groups review this.

The main interoperability issue is that if you configure this on
a host to communicate with another host that doesn't support the feature
you may send the packets *much* farther than you otherwise might, especially
when communicating with non directly connected hosts.

> Tony

-- 
Jeff Haas 
NextHop Technologies

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To add to Jeff's points:

We do change bits on the wire (TTL setting) and the input packet processing
rules (packet discrimination, ICMP generation.)

As an interop-related ramification, following or not following the spec will
also affect:

 a) whether the receiving side (using GTSM) accepts your packets with TTL < 255,
    or (in the extreme case) drops them on the floor, AND:

 b) whether the GSTM-enabled side can expect the other side to cooperate and
    hence whether a certain level of DoS protection can be assumed.

Joel, Tony, does this make sense?
    
At the end of the day, the question is: "Is GTSM an important enough DoS
prevention mechanism for the IETF to have Standard on it?"

That said, if we decide to put it on the STD track, we will certainly need to
review the document with the STD glasses on and see what changes would be
needed.

-- 
Alex

Friday, May 21, 2004, 11:16:46 AM, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> On Fri, May 21, 2004 at 10:50:01AM -0700, Tony Tauber wrote:
>> Yes, I'm also not sure what kind of Standard it would be.
>> It's not a protocol and I'm not sure there are interoperability
>> ramifications or not (would depend on the specifics, I guess.)

> In a sense it is a protocol extension to IPv4/v6.  It might even
> be worth having those groups review this.

> The main interoperability issue is that if you configure this on
> a host to communicate with another host that doesn't support the feature
> you may send the packets *much* farther than you otherwise might, especially
> when communicating with non directly connected hosts.

>> Tony



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Thanks for looking at this, Pekka!

>>  APR 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism

> This should probably be May?

Actually, even June, I think. Thanks for catching.

>>  MAY 2005   Submit specification on Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism to
>>             IESG for publication as Proposed Standard

> We might also want to consider whether one or both of these should go 
> to experimental.  But that's probably something to think about when we 
> have a better idea of what we're talking about..

Yes. The last one is more of a goal we should ultimately aim for. As
we go through the discussion, we'll adjust the actual milestones.

Here's the new milestones:

 MAY 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on IP Fast Reroute framework

 JUN 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism

 AUG 2004   Review various mechanisms for Advanced IP Fast Reroute

 OCT 2004   Submit specification on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism to IESG
            for publication as Proposed Standard

 NOV 2004   Select the Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism

 MAY 2005   Submit specification on Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism to
            IESG for publication as Proposed Standard

Alex


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Folks-

 Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was mentioned earlier.
 I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and serves the
 purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that this
 document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.

 Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/

This is a forwarded message
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org <Internet-Drafts@ietf.org>
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Cc: 
Date: Friday, May 21, 2004, 12:49:42 PM
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-shand-ipfrr-framework-00.txt

===8<==============Original message text===============
A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: IP Fast Reroute Framework
	Author(s)	: M. Shand
	Filename	: draft-shand-ipfrr-framework-00.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 2004-5-21
	
This document provides a framework for the development of IP fast re-
   route mechanisms which provide protection against link or router
   failure by invoking locally determined repair paths. Unlike MPLS
   Fast-reroute, the mechanisms are applicable to a network employing
   conventional IP routing and forwarding. An essential part of such
   mechanisms is the prevention of packet loss caused by the loops which
   normally occur during the re-convergence of the network following a
   failure.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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Date: Sat, 22 May 2004 02:27:04 -0400
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From: "Joel M. Halpern" <joel@stevecrocker.com>
Subject: Re: GTSM to STD track?
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I will admit that we are regularly fuzzy about what constitutes suitability 
for PS vs BCP.

I do not think we should use "important enough" as a measure for whether it 
is PS.  Some very important pieces have ended up BCP.

I have trouble seeing the setting of an existing field to an existing valid 
value as a protocol change.  This is advice on configuration.  Particularly 
since the way it is used depends upon the particularly topological 
placement of the communicating peers.

It sure seems to be good advice.  And if you really feel strongly that it 
is important to make it PS, I won't scream during last call.  I just think 
it is better suited to BCP.

Yours,
Joel M. Halpern

At 11:10 PM 5/21/2004 -0700, Alex Zinin wrote:
>To add to Jeff's points:
>
>We do change bits on the wire (TTL setting) and the input packet processing
>rules (packet discrimination, ICMP generation.)
>
>As an interop-related ramification, following or not following the spec will
>also affect:
>
>  a) whether the receiving side (using GTSM) accepts your packets with TTL 
> < 255,
>     or (in the extreme case) drops them on the floor, AND:
>
>  b) whether the GSTM-enabled side can expect the other side to cooperate and
>     hence whether a certain level of DoS protection can be assumed.
>
>Joel, Tony, does this make sense?
>
>At the end of the day, the question is: "Is GTSM an important enough DoS
>prevention mechanism for the IETF to have Standard on it?"
>
>That said, if we decide to put it on the STD track, we will certainly need to
>review the document with the STD glasses on and see what changes would be
>needed.
>
>--
>Alex
>
>Friday, May 21, 2004, 11:16:46 AM, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> > On Fri, May 21, 2004 at 10:50:01AM -0700, Tony Tauber wrote:
> >> Yes, I'm also not sure what kind of Standard it would be.
> >> It's not a protocol and I'm not sure there are interoperability
> >> ramifications or not (would depend on the specifics, I guess.)
>
> > In a sense it is a protocol extension to IPv4/v6.  It might even
> > be worth having those groups review this.
>
> > The main interoperability issue is that if you configure this on
> > a host to communicate with another host that doesn't support the feature
> > you may send the packets *much* farther than you otherwise might, 
> especially
> > when communicating with non directly connected hosts.
>
> >> Tony


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Subject: Re: Charter milestones for IP FRR
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hi alex,

1) in the below milestones it seems there is no deadline for framework 
submission to the IESG - was there any expected deadline ?

2) the Nov'04 deadline refers to the selection of "the" Advanced 
mechanism based on the review targeted for Aug'04 - which form is this 
review expected to take (for instance, aren't some guidelines to the 
selection process desirable to achieve the expected result in due time)

thanks in advance for your clarifications,
- dimitri.

Alex Zinin wrote:
> Thanks for looking at this, Pekka!
> 
> 
>>> APR 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism
> 
> 
>>This should probably be May?
> 
> 
> Actually, even June, I think. Thanks for catching.
> 
> 
>>> MAY 2005   Submit specification on Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism to
>>>            IESG for publication as Proposed Standard
> 
> 
>>We might also want to consider whether one or both of these should go 
>>to experimental.  But that's probably something to think about when we 
>>have a better idea of what we're talking about..
> 
> 
> Yes. The last one is more of a goal we should ultimately aim for. As
> we go through the discussion, we'll adjust the actual milestones.
> 
> Here's the new milestones:
> 
>  MAY 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on IP Fast Reroute framework
> 
>  JUN 2004   Submit initial Internet Draft on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism
> 
>  AUG 2004   Review various mechanisms for Advanced IP Fast Reroute
> 
>  OCT 2004   Submit specification on Basic IP Fast Reroute mechanism to IESG
>             for publication as Proposed Standard
> 
>  NOV 2004   Select the Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism
> 
>  MAY 2005   Submit specification on Advanced IP Fast Reroute mechanism to
>             IESG for publication as Proposed Standard
> 
> Alex
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Rtgwg mailing list
> Rtgwg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg

-- 
Papadimitriou Dimitri
E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
Phone  : +32 3 240-8491


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At 11:28 PM -0700 5/21/04, Alex Zinin wrote:
>Folks-
>
>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was 
>mentioned earlier.
>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and serves the
>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that this
>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
>
>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)

A very nice piece of work, Mike.

Now, some general and very prelimimary comments.   I would suggest 
there be a management framework section in this document.  This will 
relate both to the IGP-independent aspects of fast reroute, plus 
specific implications for specific IGPs.  In the latter, we will have 
both the considerations of the MIB proper, as well as some specific 
protocol implications.

First, we may want to think of what aspects of some very fast events 
and computations reasonably can have a goal of being tracked in a 
MIB.  For example, in stages where we reasonably can expect 
micro-loops, do we expect the various tables (e.g., interface status, 
LSDB, RIB and FIB) to track the real-time status and possible 
inconsistencies, or is it adequate to add a variable that tags the 
appropriate element(s) in all of these "fast reroute in progress"?

As something of an aside, we might want to look at the FORCES model, 
as well as some of the control vs. forwarding plane convergence work 
in BMWG, so that we have consistent terminology for the status of 
various events.  This is a place to look at Mike's Section 2.

Current MIBs, and indeed protocols, emphasize the hello mechanism as 
the means of failure detection.  We need to have an abstraction of 
failure status, quite likely IGP-specific, that says up/down (plus 
possibly a "in transition" value), which abstracts both hardware and 
software (IGP hellos, liveliness protocols, etc.) up/down perspective.

Second, some of the things we currently track, such as missed hellos, 
may need to be optional if  we rely on hardware link failure 
detection.  Alternatively,hello tracking may continue to be mandatory 
for some functions, such as neighbor discovery and dead router 
detection, but optional for link failure detection.  I suspect that 
this will take some rethinking of the MIB, of capabilities 
negotiation between neighbors and dead router detection. Even if we 
have a hardware failure detection mechanism, we will still need 
hellos for neighbor discovery and mutual recognition.

IGPs, however, need to constrain their current MIB generalization of 
the use of hellos. We need to have a status mechanism that allows 
hello mechanisms to be bypassed. ospfIfRtrDeadInterval, for example, 
is not necessarily meaningful in a situation where the primary 
reliance is on hardware detection.  It may be meaningful if we rely 
on it to tell us when a router is taken out of service, a more 
general event than a link failure. Consider, though, a case when we 
need to know about a dead router faster than we might learn from a 
dead timer. There might need to be either some additional protocol 
messages, or possibly SNMP traps that are signaled to the IGP, when a 
routing process is shut down.

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hi mike, all,

this is a good start, a concise document going to be point; some early 
comments here below:

(1) section 2

1. The time taken to detect the failure. This may be of the order
    of a few mS when it can be detected at the physical layer, up to
    several tens of seconds when a routing protocol hello is
    employed. During this period packets will be unavoidably lost.

2. The time taken for the local router to react to the failure.
    This will typically involve generating and flooding new routing
    updates, and re-computing the router's FIB.

-> is there no waiting for transient flaps (false alarms) and some
waiting time before sending out updates considered ?

3. The time taken to pass the information about the failure to
    other routers in the network. In the absence of routing protocol
    packet loss, this is typically between 10mS and 100mS per hop in
    a well designed router.

  [...]

(2) section 3.1 - Mechanisms for fast failure detection

it would appropriate to propose the following classification:
- physical detection data plane loss of signal/loss of light
- non-associated protocol detection (BFD)
- associated routing protocol detection (Hellos)

note that the media dependent detection will be there independently of 
the additional media independent/generic BFD but their applicability as 
trigger may vary wrt to the different network environments commonly 
considered: P2P, (P2MP,) and BA

it is also worth noticing that having a mechanism like BFD elevates the 
issue of non-homogeneous physical behaviour of both side of the links, 
i'd like to make this clearer compared to methods like MPLS FRR

(3) Section 3.1 - advisable to include appropriate references to the 
numbers of provided for the applicability of each method (if it is an 
evaluation performed in the scope of the document, corresponding 
reasoning could be included)

(4) Section 3.2.2 concerning the discussions on link versus node 
protection - Discussion about multiple adjacencies b/w two nodes
should be also covered nodes

(5) Processing in case of failure of the loop free alternates, since 
the failure probability of the alternates should not be different from 
the failure probability of the primary path(s)

(6) Editorial comments

- from the introduction "This is analogous to the technique employed by 
MPLS Fast Reroute [MPLSFRR], but the mechanisms employed for the backup 
routes in pure IP networks are necessarily very different." i don't 
perceive the real intent of this sentence

- section 3.3  "A number of solutions to the problem of micro-loop 
formation have been proposed." would you provide some material/ref's ?

thanks for the clarifications,
- dimitri.

---

Alex Zinin wrote:

> Folks-
> 
>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was mentioned earlier.
>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and serves the
>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that this
>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
> 
>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)
> 

-- 
Papadimitriou Dimitri
E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
Phone  : +32 3 240-8491



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We have posted the following draft, which describes an approach to IP fast 
Re-route based on the use of tunnels.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt


	Mike


Abstract:
This draft describes an IP fast re-route mechanism that provides backup 
connectivity in the event of a link or router failure. In the absence of 
single points of failure and asymmetric costs, the mechanism provides 
complete protection against any single failure. If perfect repair is not 
possible, the identity of all the unprotected links and routers is known in 
advance. The draft also describes the mechanisms needed to prevent the 
packet loss caused by loops which normally occur during the reconvergence 
of the network following a failure. 


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At 23:31 23/05/2004 +0200, Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be wrote:
>hi mike, all,
>
>this is a good start, a concise document going to be point; some early 
>comments here below:
>
>(1) section 2
>
>1. The time taken to detect the failure. This may be of the order
>    of a few mS when it can be detected at the physical layer, up to
>    several tens of seconds when a routing protocol hello is
>    employed. During this period packets will be unavoidably lost.
>
>2. The time taken for the local router to react to the failure.
>    This will typically involve generating and flooding new routing
>    updates, and re-computing the router's FIB.
>
>-> is there no waiting for transient flaps (false alarms) and some
>waiting time before sending out updates considered ?

Yes, that's true. In one sense these are artificially imposed delays which 
can be lowered in the search for rapid convergence, as opposed to 
fundamental limitations. However, it would do no harm to mention them.


>3. The time taken to pass the information about the failure to
>    other routers in the network. In the absence of routing protocol
>    packet loss, this is typically between 10mS and 100mS per hop in
>    a well designed router.
>
>  [...]
>
>(2) section 3.1 - Mechanisms for fast failure detection
>
>it would appropriate to propose the following classification:
>- physical detection data plane loss of signal/loss of light
>- non-associated protocol detection (BFD)
>- associated routing protocol detection (Hellos)

Yes. that is more abstract.


>note that the media dependent detection will be there independently of the 
>additional media independent/generic BFD but their applicability as 
>trigger may vary wrt to the different network environments commonly 
>considered: P2P, (P2MP,) and BA

Of course.

>it is also worth noticing that having a mechanism like BFD elevates the 
>issue of non-homogeneous physical behaviour of both side of the links, i'd 
>like to make this clearer compared to methods like MPLS FRR

Not quite sure what you mean here. Do you mean that use of BFD on both ends 
of the link is more likely to result in de-synchronized triggers (which I 
don't think would necessarily be true), or do you mean that one end may use 
BFD and the other not. Or do you mean something else?


>(3) Section 3.1 - advisable to include appropriate references to the 
>numbers of provided for the applicability of each method (if it is an 
>evaluation performed in the scope of the document, corresponding reasoning 
>could be included)

Sorry, I'm confused again. Are you referring to the 80% and 95% numbers in 
section 3.2? Those numbers (or an approximation of them) come from Alia's 
presentation, but they are supported by my own simulations of real world 
networks.


>(4) Section 3.2.2 concerning the discussions on link versus node 
>protection - Discussion about multiple adjacencies b/w two nodes
>should be also covered nodes

Sorry, I don't understand. Do you mean something like the material covered 
in section 4.6.2 of

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt

Although that is explicitly the ECMP case. You could have parallel links 
with different costs (why I don't know).




>(5) Processing in case of failure of the loop free alternates, since the 
>failure probability of the alternates should not be different from the 
>failure probability of the primary path(s)

Again, could you expand on that please?


>(6) Editorial comments
>
>- from the introduction "This is analogous to the technique employed by 
>MPLS Fast Reroute [MPLSFRR], but the mechanisms employed for the backup 
>routes in pure IP networks are necessarily very different." i don't 
>perceive the real intent of this sentence


It was to give readers an idea that the concept of rapidly switching to a 
pre-computed backup path was similar to something with which they are 
familiar (i.e. MPLS FRR), but pointing out that the way the backup paths is 
computed is very different.


>- section 3.3  "A number of solutions to the problem of micro-loop 
>formation have been proposed." would you provide some material/ref's ?

See section 6 of

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt

>thanks for the clarifications,
>- dimitri.


Thanks for the comments.

         Mike



>---
>
>Alex Zinin wrote:
>
>>Folks-
>>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was mentioned 
>> earlier.
>>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and 
>> serves the
>>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that this
>>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
>>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)
>
>--
>Papadimitriou Dimitri
>E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Rtgwg mailing list
>Rtgwg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg


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Date: Mon, 24 May 2004 09:16:43 +0100
To: "Howard C. Berkowitz" <hcb@gettcomm.com>
From: mike shand <mshand@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: draft-shand-ipfrr-framework-00.txt as a WG document
Cc: rtgwg@ietf.org
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Howard,
         I agree that we will need to consider the management/MIB 
implications, but I suspect that until we have gone down this road a little 
further we can only really put a placeholder in the framework document. 
When we have a clearer idea of where we are going (and in particular what 
mechanisms we are using to get there), we will be able to think of the 
management aspects in more concrete terms. What you say below is a good basis.

         Mike

At 14:00 22/05/2004 -0400, Howard C. Berkowitz wrote:
>At 11:28 PM -0700 5/21/04, Alex Zinin wrote:
>>Folks-
>>
>>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was mentioned 
>> earlier.
>>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and 
>> serves the
>>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that this
>>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
>>
>>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)
>
>A very nice piece of work, Mike.
>
>Now, some general and very prelimimary comments.   I would suggest there 
>be a management framework section in this document.  This will relate both 
>to the IGP-independent aspects of fast reroute, plus specific implications 
>for specific IGPs.  In the latter, we will have both the considerations of 
>the MIB proper, as well as some specific protocol implications.
>
>First, we may want to think of what aspects of some very fast events and 
>computations reasonably can have a goal of being tracked in a MIB.  For 
>example, in stages where we reasonably can expect micro-loops, do we 
>expect the various tables (e.g., interface status, LSDB, RIB and FIB) to 
>track the real-time status and possible inconsistencies, or is it adequate 
>to add a variable that tags the appropriate element(s) in all of these 
>"fast reroute in progress"?
>
>As something of an aside, we might want to look at the FORCES model, as 
>well as some of the control vs. forwarding plane convergence work in BMWG, 
>so that we have consistent terminology for the status of various 
>events.  This is a place to look at Mike's Section 2.
>
>Current MIBs, and indeed protocols, emphasize the hello mechanism as the 
>means of failure detection.  We need to have an abstraction of failure 
>status, quite likely IGP-specific, that says up/down (plus possibly a "in 
>transition" value), which abstracts both hardware and software (IGP 
>hellos, liveliness protocols, etc.) up/down perspective.
>
>Second, some of the things we currently track, such as missed hellos, may 
>need to be optional if  we rely on hardware link failure 
>detection.  Alternatively,hello tracking may continue to be mandatory for 
>some functions, such as neighbor discovery and dead router detection, but 
>optional for link failure detection.  I suspect that this will take some 
>rethinking of the MIB, of capabilities negotiation between neighbors and 
>dead router detection. Even if we have a hardware failure detection 
>mechanism, we will still need hellos for neighbor discovery and mutual 
>recognition.
>
>IGPs, however, need to constrain their current MIB generalization of the 
>use of hellos. We need to have a status mechanism that allows hello 
>mechanisms to be bypassed. ospfIfRtrDeadInterval, for example, is not 
>necessarily meaningful in a situation where the primary reliance is on 
>hardware detection.  It may be meaningful if we rely on it to tell us when 
>a router is taken out of service, a more general event than a link 
>failure. Consider, though, a case when we need to know about a dead router 
>faster than we might learn from a dead timer. There might need to be 
>either some additional protocol messages, or possibly SNMP traps that are 
>signaled to the IGP, when a routing process is shut down.
>
>_______________________________________________
>Rtgwg mailing list
>Rtgwg@ietf.org
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Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be wrote:

> hi mike, all,
> 
> this is a good start, a concise document going to be point; some early 
> comments here below:
> 
> (1) section 2
> 
> 1. The time taken to detect the failure. This may be of the order
>    of a few mS when it can be detected at the physical layer, up to
>    several tens of seconds when a routing protocol hello is
>    employed. During this period packets will be unavoidably lost.
> 
> 2. The time taken for the local router to react to the failure.
>    This will typically involve generating and flooding new routing
>    updates, and re-computing the router's FIB.
> 
> -> is there no waiting for transient flaps (false alarms) and some
> waiting time before sending out updates considered ?

Yes, but this was taken to be a component of (1) above.

> 
> 3. The time taken to pass the information about the failure to
>    other routers in the network. In the absence of routing protocol
>    packet loss, this is typically between 10mS and 100mS per hop in
>    a well designed router.
> 
>  [...]
> 
> (2) section 3.1 - Mechanisms for fast failure detection
> 
> it would appropriate to propose the following classification:
> - physical detection data plane loss of signal/loss of light
> - non-associated protocol detection (BFD)
> - associated routing protocol detection (Hellos)
> 
> note that the media dependent detection will be there independently of 
> the additional media independent/generic BFD but their applicability as 
> trigger may vary wrt to the different network environments commonly 
> considered: P2P, (P2MP,) and BA
> 
> it is also worth noticing that having a mechanism like BFD elevates the 
> issue of non-homogeneous physical behaviour of both side of the links, 
> i'd like to make this clearer compared to methods like MPLS FRR

I do not understand this statement. In particular I do not see why
there is any difference between the BFD failure detection in an IP
system vs an MPLS system.

> 
> (3) Section 3.1 - advisable to include appropriate references to the 
> numbers of provided for the applicability of each method (if it is an 
> evaluation performed in the scope of the document, corresponding 
> reasoning could be included)

I assume that you mean the detection latency. That is highly dependent
on the media, the netwoek and the implementation.

> 
> (4) Section 3.2.2 concerning the discussions on link versus node 
> protection - Discussion about multiple adjacencies b/w two nodes
> should be also covered nodes
> 

Isn't this covered by 3.2.2 item 1 which says that the IPFRR path must
not transit the failure? If you are doing node protection you have
to exclude all links to the failed node.


> (5) Processing in case of failure of the loop free alternates, since the 
> failure probability of the alternates should not be different from the 
> failure probability of the primary path(s)
> 

I do not understand this comment.

> (6) Editorial comments
> 
> - from the introduction "This is analogous to the technique employed by 
> MPLS Fast Reroute [MPLSFRR], but the mechanisms employed for the backup 
> routes in pure IP networks are necessarily very different." i don't 
> perceive the real intent of this sentence
> 

To say that IPFRR is conceptually similar to MPLS FRR as far a preplanning
the repair, having fast detection and fast local invocation of FRR with
communicating with other nodes at the time of failure, BUT the absence of
the circuit switching mode that MPLS has (because source routing is not
implemented in the IP fast path) means that we have to use alternative
methods to force the packet along the repair path.

> - section 3.3  "A number of solutions to the problem of micro-loop 
> formation have been proposed." would you provide some material/ref's ?
> 

Some of the techniques are described in draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt
which.

- Stewart

> thanks for the clarifications,
> - dimitri.
> 
> ---
> 
> Alex Zinin wrote:
> 
>> Folks-
>>
>>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was mentioned 
>> earlier.
>>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and 
>> serves the
>>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that 
>> this
>>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
>>
>>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)
>>
> 


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From: Stewart Bryant <stbryant@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: draft-shand-ipfrr-framework-00.txt as a WG document
References: <12168157.20040521232809@psg.com> <200405211949.PAA25452@ietf.org> <12168157.20040521232809@psg.com> <4.3.2.7.2.20040524091156.02b7ddb8@jaws.cisco.com>
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mike shand wrote:

> Howard,
>         I agree that we will need to consider the management/MIB 
> implications, but I suspect that until we have gone down this road a 
> little further we can only really put a placeholder in the framework 
> document. When we have a clearer idea of where we are going (and in 
> particular what mechanisms we are using to get there), we will be able 
> to think of the management aspects in more concrete terms. What you say 
> below is a good basis.
> 
>         Mike
> 

Don't forget that we need to consider both the management of IPFRR and the
use of loop-free in the management of the network.

- Stewart

> At 14:00 22/05/2004 -0400, Howard C. Berkowitz wrote:
> 
>> At 11:28 PM -0700 5/21/04, Alex Zinin wrote:
>>
>>> Folks-
>>>
>>>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was 
>>> mentioned earlier.
>>>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and 
>>> serves the
>>>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that 
>>> this
>>>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
>>>
>>>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)
>>
>>
>> A very nice piece of work, Mike.
>>
>> Now, some general and very prelimimary comments.   I would suggest 
>> there be a management framework section in this document.  This will 
>> relate both to the IGP-independent aspects of fast reroute, plus 
>> specific implications for specific IGPs.  In the latter, we will have 
>> both the considerations of the MIB proper, as well as some specific 
>> protocol implications.
>>
>> First, we may want to think of what aspects of some very fast events 
>> and computations reasonably can have a goal of being tracked in a 
>> MIB.  For example, in stages where we reasonably can expect 
>> micro-loops, do we expect the various tables (e.g., interface status, 
>> LSDB, RIB and FIB) to track the real-time status and possible 
>> inconsistencies, or is it adequate to add a variable that tags the 
>> appropriate element(s) in all of these "fast reroute in progress"?
>>
>> As something of an aside, we might want to look at the FORCES model, 
>> as well as some of the control vs. forwarding plane convergence work 
>> in BMWG, so that we have consistent terminology for the status of 
>> various events.  This is a place to look at Mike's Section 2.
>>
>> Current MIBs, and indeed protocols, emphasize the hello mechanism as 
>> the means of failure detection.  We need to have an abstraction of 
>> failure status, quite likely IGP-specific, that says up/down (plus 
>> possibly a "in transition" value), which abstracts both hardware and 
>> software (IGP hellos, liveliness protocols, etc.) up/down perspective.
>>
>> Second, some of the things we currently track, such as missed hellos, 
>> may need to be optional if  we rely on hardware link failure 
>> detection.  Alternatively,hello tracking may continue to be mandatory 
>> for some functions, such as neighbor discovery and dead router 
>> detection, but optional for link failure detection.  I suspect that 
>> this will take some rethinking of the MIB, of capabilities negotiation 
>> between neighbors and dead router detection. Even if we have a 
>> hardware failure detection mechanism, we will still need hellos for 
>> neighbor discovery and mutual recognition.
>>
>> IGPs, however, need to constrain their current MIB generalization of 
>> the use of hellos. We need to have a status mechanism that allows 
>> hello mechanisms to be bypassed. ospfIfRtrDeadInterval, for example, 
>> is not necessarily meaningful in a situation where the primary 
>> reliance is on hardware detection.  It may be meaningful if we rely on 
>> it to tell us when a router is taken out of service, a more general 
>> event than a link failure. Consider, though, a case when we need to 
>> know about a dead router faster than we might learn from a dead timer. 
>> There might need to be either some additional protocol messages, or 
>> possibly SNMP traps that are signaled to the IGP, when a routing 
>> process is shut down.
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Rtgwg mailing list
>> Rtgwg@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Rtgwg mailing list
> Rtgwg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
> 
> 


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Subject: Re: draft-shand-ipfrr-framework-00.txt as a WG document
References: <12168157.20040521232809@psg.com> <200405211949.PAA25452@ietf.org> <12168157.20040521232809@psg.com> <4.3.2.7.2.20040524084754.02cb3078@jaws.cisco.com>
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hi mike,

mike shand wrote:
> At 23:31 23/05/2004 +0200, Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be wrote:
> 
>> hi mike, all,
>>
>> this is a good start, a concise document going to be point; some early 
>> comments here below:
>>
>> (1) section 2
>>
>> 1. The time taken to detect the failure. This may be of the order
>>    of a few mS when it can be detected at the physical layer, up to
>>    several tens of seconds when a routing protocol hello is
>>    employed. During this period packets will be unavoidably lost.
>>
>> 2. The time taken for the local router to react to the failure.
>>    This will typically involve generating and flooding new routing
>>    updates, and re-computing the router's FIB.
>>
>> -> is there no waiting for transient flaps (false alarms) and some
>> waiting time before sending out updates considered ? 
> 
> Yes, that's true. In one sense these are artificially imposed delays 
> which can be lowered in the search for rapid convergence, as opposed to 
> fundamental limitations. However, it would do no harm to mention them.
> 
>> 3. The time taken to pass the information about the failure to
>>    other routers in the network. In the absence of routing protocol
>>    packet loss, this is typically between 10mS and 100mS per hop in
>>    a well designed router.
>>
>>  [...]
>>
>> (2) section 3.1 - Mechanisms for fast failure detection
>>
>> it would appropriate to propose the following classification:
>> - physical detection data plane loss of signal/loss of light
>> - non-associated protocol detection (BFD)
>> - associated routing protocol detection (Hellos)
> 
> Yes. that is more abstract.
> 
>> note that the media dependent detection will be there independently of 
>> the additional media independent/generic BFD but their applicability 
>> as trigger may vary wrt to the different network environments commonly 
>> considered: P2P, (P2MP,) and BA 
> 
> Of course.
> 
>> it is also worth noticing that having a mechanism like BFD elevates 
>> the issue of non-homogeneous physical behaviour of both side of the 
>> links, i'd like to make this clearer compared to methods like MPLS FRR
> 
> Not quite sure what you mean here. Do you mean that use of BFD on both 
> ends of the link is more likely to result in de-synchronized triggers 
> (which I don't think would necessarily be true), or do you mean that one 
> end may use BFD and the other not. Or do you mean something else?

i mean that usage of BFD is a clear improvment compared to mechanisms 
that rely only data plane failure detection that do not guarantee that 
both sides would react in the same in case of failure, here there is an 
opportunity to make the design more robust from this perspective, it is 
also possible to explicit the sequence that could happen (since physical 
detection and loss of adjacency will occur)

>> (3) Section 3.1 - advisable to include appropriate references to the 
>> numbers of provided for the applicability of each method (if it is an 
>> evaluation performed in the scope of the document, corresponding 
>> reasoning could be included)
>  
> Sorry, I'm confused again. Are you referring to the 80% and 95% numbers 
> in section 3.2? Those numbers (or an approximation of them) come from 
> Alia's presentation, but they are supported by my own simulations of 
> real world networks.

yes this is what i meant by adding the references

>> (4) Section 3.2.2 concerning the discussions on link versus node 
>> protection - Discussion about multiple adjacencies b/w two nodes
>> should be also covered nodes 
> 
> Sorry, I don't understand. Do you mean something like the material 
> covered in section 4.6.2 of
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt

sorry for the typo in the above sentence, i was referring to the 
discussion concerning multiple adjacencies b/w two nodes

> Although that is explicitly the ECMP case. You could have parallel links 
> with different costs (why I don't know).

yes - it is a generic 4.6.2 (sub-case 1) case - as an another example 
one may point out to (and subsequent):
<http://www.nanog.org/mtg-0202/ppt/isis/sld038.htm>

and it would be advisable to have a (small) discussion upon the tradeoff 
between making them "invisible" wrt to capacity of loop free alternates 
computation

>> (5) Processing in case of failure of the loop free alternates, since 
>> the failure probability of the alternates should not be different from 
>> the failure probability of the primary path(s) 
> 
> Again, could you expand on that please?

document focuses on pre-computation of alternates for the primary path 
in case of failure, it doesn't say anything related to the maintenance 
of these alternates

>> (6) Editorial comments
>>
>> - from the introduction "This is analogous to the technique employed 
>> by MPLS Fast Reroute [MPLSFRR], but the mechanisms employed for the 
>> backup routes in pure IP networks are necessarily very different." i 
>> don't perceive the real intent of this sentence 
> 
> It was to give readers an idea that the concept of rapidly switching to 
> a pre-computed backup path was similar to something with which they are 
> familiar (i.e. MPLS FRR), but pointing out that the way the backup paths 
> is computed is very different.

ok

>> - section 3.3  "A number of solutions to the problem of micro-loop 
>> formation have been proposed." would you provide some material/ref's ? 
> 
> See section 6 of
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt

ok

thanks (if there are points that are still unclear please let me know)
- dimitri.

>> thanks for the clarifications,
>> - dimitri.
> 
> 
> 
> Thanks for the comments.
> 
>         Mike
> 
> 
> 
>> ---
>>
>> Alex Zinin wrote:
>>
>>> Folks-
>>>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was 
>>> mentioned earlier.
>>>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and 
>>> serves the
>>>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that 
>>> this
>>>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
>>>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)
>>
>>
>> -- 
>> Papadimitriou Dimitri
>> E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>> E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>> Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>> Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>> Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Rtgwg mailing list
>> Rtgwg@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Rtgwg mailing list
> Rtgwg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg

-- 
Papadimitriou Dimitri
E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
Phone  : +32 3 240-8491


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Date: Mon, 24 May 2004 12:42:43 +0100
To: Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be
From: mike shand <mshand@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: draft-shand-ipfrr-framework-00.txt as a WG document
Cc: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
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At 13:17 24/05/2004 +0200, Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be wrote:
>hi mike,
>
>mike shand wrote:
>>At 23:31 23/05/2004 +0200, Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel.be wrote:
>>
>>>hi mike, all,
>>>
>>>this is a good start, a concise document going to be point; some early 
>>>comments here below:
>>>
>>>(1) section 2
>>>
>>>1. The time taken to detect the failure. This may be of the order
>>>    of a few mS when it can be detected at the physical layer, up to
>>>    several tens of seconds when a routing protocol hello is
>>>    employed. During this period packets will be unavoidably lost.
>>>
>>>2. The time taken for the local router to react to the failure.
>>>    This will typically involve generating and flooding new routing
>>>    updates, and re-computing the router's FIB.
>>>
>>>-> is there no waiting for transient flaps (false alarms) and some
>>>waiting time before sending out updates considered ?
>>Yes, that's true. In one sense these are artificially imposed delays 
>>which can be lowered in the search for rapid convergence, as opposed to 
>>fundamental limitations. However, it would do no harm to mention them.
>>
>>>3. The time taken to pass the information about the failure to
>>>    other routers in the network. In the absence of routing protocol
>>>    packet loss, this is typically between 10mS and 100mS per hop in
>>>    a well designed router.
>>>
>>>  [...]
>>>
>>>(2) section 3.1 - Mechanisms for fast failure detection
>>>
>>>it would appropriate to propose the following classification:
>>>- physical detection data plane loss of signal/loss of light
>>>- non-associated protocol detection (BFD)
>>>- associated routing protocol detection (Hellos)
>>Yes. that is more abstract.
>>
>>>note that the media dependent detection will be there independently of 
>>>the additional media independent/generic BFD but their applicability as 
>>>trigger may vary wrt to the different network environments commonly 
>>>considered: P2P, (P2MP,) and BA
>>Of course.
>>
>>>it is also worth noticing that having a mechanism like BFD elevates the 
>>>issue of non-homogeneous physical behaviour of both side of the links, 
>>>i'd like to make this clearer compared to methods like MPLS FRR
>>Not quite sure what you mean here. Do you mean that use of BFD on both 
>>ends of the link is more likely to result in de-synchronized triggers 
>>(which I don't think would necessarily be true), or do you mean that one 
>>end may use BFD and the other not. Or do you mean something else?
>
>i mean that usage of BFD is a clear improvment compared to mechanisms that 
>rely only data plane failure detection that do not guarantee that both 
>sides would react in the same in case of failure, here there is an 
>opportunity to make the design more robust from this perspective, it is 
>also possible to explicit the sequence that could happen (since physical 
>detection and loss of adjacency will occur)

I would anticipate that most IPFRR implementations would use a combination 
of physical (Loss of light etc.) and BFD and trigger on whichever gave the 
first indication of failure.

Note that I would expect the repair paths to be invoked immediately, but 
that the announcement of the failure in the IGP would be held down in case 
the link came back quickly. Simply invoking repair is much less disruptive 
than reconverging the network, although it will introduce potential packet 
misordering and jitter, so should not be invoked gratuitously.

What I am saying is that with IPFRR, while we should  be careful to avoid 
false indications of failure, the consequences of a false indication are 
rather less than in the conventional case, and so we can perhaps afford to 
sail a little closer to the wind.




>>>(3) Section 3.1 - advisable to include appropriate references to the 
>>>numbers of provided for the applicability of each method (if it is an 
>>>evaluation performed in the scope of the document, corresponding 
>>>reasoning could be included)
>>
>>Sorry, I'm confused again. Are you referring to the 80% and 95% numbers 
>>in section 3.2? Those numbers (or an approximation of them) come from 
>>Alia's presentation, but they are supported by my own simulations of real 
>>world networks.
>
>yes this is what i meant by adding the references


OK.


>>>(4) Section 3.2.2 concerning the discussions on link versus node 
>>>protection - Discussion about multiple adjacencies b/w two nodes
>>>should be also covered nodes
>>Sorry, I don't understand. Do you mean something like the material 
>>covered in section 4.6.2 of
>>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt
>
>sorry for the typo in the above sentence, i was referring to the 
>discussion concerning multiple adjacencies b/w two nodes
>
>>Although that is explicitly the ECMP case. You could have parallel links 
>>with different costs (why I don't know).
>
>yes - it is a generic 4.6.2 (sub-case 1) case - as an another example one 
>may point out to (and subsequent):
><http://www.nanog.org/mtg-0202/ppt/isis/sld038.htm>

Yes such information hiding is standard practise, but I don't think it 
matters here because (depending on the level of abstraction at which you 
view it), the local router which detects the failure does have the 
information about the potential multiple paths even though it has chosen 
not to advertise those links in its LSP/As.

There is a LOT of such detailed discussion which COULD be included in the 
framework, but my initial brief was to keep it very concise. I therefore 
omitted such material from the first draft. We need to decide as a WG 
whether we want to keep the framework in that style, or whether we want to 
make it a comprehensive treatise on every aspect of the subject.  i.e. 
which are the important aspects.




>and it would be advisable to have a (small) discussion upon the tradeoff 
>between making them "invisible" wrt to capacity of loop free alternates 
>computation
>
>>>(5) Processing in case of failure of the loop free alternates, since the 
>>>failure probability of the alternates should not be different from the 
>>>failure probability of the primary path(s)
>>Again, could you expand on that please?
>
>document focuses on pre-computation of alternates for the primary path in 
>case of failure, it doesn't say anything related to the maintenance of 
>these alternates

Yes. That's an omission. Alex has already mentioned that to me. There are 
(at least) two things which need to be mentioned:

1) Once you have invoked repair paths, when do you stop using them? The 
simple answer is when they are no longer needed because the network has 
reconverged and no traffic is being directed towards them.

2) When do you recompute new repair paths? Again you do this when the 
network has reconverged. There is no particular hurry to perform these 
computations (which could be extensive) and so they would typically be 
performed as a background task. The only important factor (and perhaps what 
you were alluding to with your first comment) is that until you have 
completed this recomputation you are exposed to a "second" failure 
occurring in the network.


>>>(6) Editorial comments
>>>
>>>- from the introduction "This is analogous to the technique employed by 
>>>MPLS Fast Reroute [MPLSFRR], but the mechanisms employed for the backup 
>>>routes in pure IP networks are necessarily very different." i don't 
>>>perceive the real intent of this sentence
>>It was to give readers an idea that the concept of rapidly switching to a 
>>pre-computed backup path was similar to something with which they are 
>>familiar (i.e. MPLS FRR), but pointing out that the way the backup paths 
>>is computed is very different.
>
>ok
>
>>>- section 3.3  "A number of solutions to the problem of micro-loop 
>>>formation have been proposed." would you provide some material/ref's ?
>>See section 6 of
>>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bryant-ipfrr-tunnels-00.txt
>
>ok
>
>thanks (if there are points that are still unclear please let me know)
>- dimitri.
>
>>>thanks for the clarifications,
>>>- dimitri.
>>
>>Thanks for the comments.
>>         Mike
>>
>>
>>>---
>>>
>>>Alex Zinin wrote:
>>>
>>>>Folks-
>>>>  Mike wrote the first draft of the IP FRR framework that was mentioned 
>>>> earlier.
>>>>  I've reviewed the draft, believe that it is very well written, and 
>>>> serves the
>>>>  purpose as the basis for the corresponding work item. I suggest that this
>>>>  document becomes a WG item with Mike as the editor.
>>>>  Please send your comments within two weeks (by June 4th, 2004.)
>>>
>>>
>>>--
>>>Papadimitriou Dimitri
>>>E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>>>E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>>>Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>>>Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>>>Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>Rtgwg mailing list
>>>Rtgwg@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>Rtgwg mailing list
>>Rtgwg@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/rtgwg
>
>--
>Papadimitriou Dimitri
>E-mail : dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel.be
>E-mail : dpapadimitriou@psg.com
>Webpage: http://psg.com/~dpapadimitriou/
>Address: Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium
>Phone  : +32 3 240-8491
>


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Date: Mon, 24 May 2004 06:15:27 -0700 (PDT)
From: Tony Tauber <ttauber@1-4-5.net>
To: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
cc: Jeffrey Haas <jhaas@nexthop.com>,
        "Joel M. Halpern" <joel@stevecrocker.com>, rtgwg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: GTSM to STD track?
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On Fri, 21 May 2004, Alex Zinin wrote:

> To add to Jeff's points:
>
> We do change bits on the wire (TTL setting) and the input packet
> processing rules (packet discrimination, ICMP generation.)
>
> As an interop-related ramification, following or not following the
> spec will also affect:
>
>  a) whether the receiving side (using GTSM) accepts your packets
>  with TTL < 255, or (in the extreme case) drops them on the floor,
>  AND:
>
>  b) whether the GSTM-enabled side can expect the other side to
>  cooperate and hence whether a certain level of DoS protection can
>  be assumed.

Would something change based on that assumption?  I hadn't thought of
it, but might the router CPU stand down from a more defensive posture
as a result (eg. regarding treatment of input queues or the like?)
If some real decision is made based on this mechanism, one would need
some positive capability negotiation, etc.  Then concerns about
authenticating those messages pop up.  I'm inclined to suggest advice
against such a presumption unless the mechanism is built into the
protocol itself; eg. there are no other modes of operation.

> Joel, Tony, does this make sense?
>
> At the end of the day, the question is: "Is GTSM an important enough
> DoS prevention mechanism for the IETF to have Standard on it?"

Put that way, it begs the question, "a standard for what?"

Is it just for routing protocols or are there other subnet-local cases
which could benefit?  In terms that spoofing packets from off-net is
now considered an expected threat though it wasn't years ago, there's
value in "standard-izing".

I'm in favor but some thought and words should be put toward
applicability.

Tony

>
> That said, if we decide to put it on the STD track, we will
> certainly need to review the document with the STD glasses on and
> see what changes would be needed.
>
> --
> Alex

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