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Thanks,

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Secure Shell Working Group                                  J. Galbraith
Internet-Draft                                          VanDyke Software
Expires: September 2, 2006                                     R. Thayer
                                                     The Tillerman Group
                                                           March 1, 2006


                       SSH Public Key File Format
                 draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-12.txt

Status of this Memo

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
   aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on September 2, 2006.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).

Abstract

   This document formally documents an existing public key file format
   in use for exchanging public keys between different SSH
   implementations.

   In addition, this document defines a standard textual representation
   for SSH public key fingerprints.




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Table of Contents

   1.  Conventions used in this document  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Key File Format  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  Line Termination Characters  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  Begin and End Markers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.3.  Key File Header  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
       3.3.1.  Subject Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.3.2.  Comment Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.3.3.  Private Use Headers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.4.  Public Key File Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.5.  Differences with RFC1421 PEM formats . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.6.  Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   4.  Public Key Fingerprints  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   5.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   6.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   7.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     7.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     7.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 14





























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1.  Conventions used in this document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].














































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2.  Introduction

   The SSH protocol supports the use of public/private key pairs in
   order to perform perform authentication based on public-key
   cryptography.  However, in order to use public-key authentication in
   the SSH protocol, public keys must first be exchanged between client
   and server.

   This document formally describes an existing public-key file format
   which can be used with any of the common existing file transfer
   mechanisms in order to exchange public keys.

   The SSH protocol also uses public/private key pairs to authenticate
   the server.  In this scenario, it is important to verify that the
   public key provided by the server is indeed the server's public-key.
   This document describes a mechanism for creating a short text string
   that uniquely represents a particular public key, called
   fingerprinting.

































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3.  Key File Format

   In order to implement public key authentication, SSH implementations
   must share public key files between the client and the server in
   order to interoperate.

   A key file is a text file, containing a sequence of lines.  Each line
   in the file MUST NOT be longer than 72 8-bit bytes excluding line
   termination characters.

3.1.  Line Termination Characters

   Implementations SHOULD generate public key files using their system's
   local text file representation.

   In the event that public key files are not transferred as text files,
   implementations SHOULD be prepared to read files using any of the
   common line termination sequence, <CR>, <LF> or <CR><LF>.

3.2.  Begin and End Markers

   The first line of a conforming key file MUST be a begin marker, which
   is the literal text:

   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----

   The last line of a conforming key file MUST be an end marker, which
   is the literal text:

   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----

3.3.  Key File Header

   The key file header section consists of multiple RFC822-style header
   fields.  Each field is a line of the following format:

   Header-tag ':' ' ' Header-value

   The Header-tag MUST NOT be more than 64 8-bit bytes, and is case-
   insensitive.  The Header-value MUST NOT be more than 1024 8-bit
   bytes.  Each line in the header MUST NOT be more than 72 8-bit bytes.

   A line is continued if the last character in the line is a '\'.  If
   the last character of a line is a '\', then the logical contents of
   the line is formed by removing the '\' and the line termination
   characters, and appending the contents of the next line.

   The Header-tag MUST be encoded in US-ASCII.  The Header-value MUST be



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   encoded in UTF-8.  [RFC3629]

   A line that is not a continuation line that has no ':' in it is the
   first line of the base 64 encoded body (See Section 3.4.)

   The space of header-tags is managed as described in Section 5.

   Compliant implementations MUST ignore headers with unrecognized
   header-tags.  Implementations SHOULD preserve such unrecognized
   headers when manipulating the key file.

3.3.1.  Subject Header

   This field is used to store the login-name that the key was generated
   under.  For example:

   Subject: user

3.3.2.  Comment Header

   The comment header contains a user specified comment.  The comment
   SHOULD be displayed when using the key.

   It is suggested that this field default to user@hostname for the user
   and machine used to generate the key.  For example:

   Comment: user@example.com

   Currently, common practice is to quote the Header-value of the
   Comment by prefixing and suffixing it with '"' characters, and some
   existing implementations fail if these quotation marks are omitted.

   Compliant implementations MUST function correctly if the quotation
   marks are omitted.

   Implementations MAY include the quotation marks.  If the first and
   last characters of the Header-value are matching quotation marks,
   implementations SHOULD remove them before using the value.

3.3.3.  Private Use Headers

   Headers with header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for private
   use.

3.4.  Public Key File Body

   The body of a public-key file is the base64 encoded ([RFC2045])
   public-key data as specified by [RFC4253], section 6.6:



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         string    certificate or public key format identifier
         byte[n]   key/certificate data

   As with all other lines, each line in the body MUST NOT be longer
   than 72 8-bit bytes excluding line termination characters.

3.5.  Differences with RFC1421 PEM formats

   Implementers should take care to notice that while the format is
   superficially similar to those specified by PEM [RFC1421] and OpenPGP
   [RFC2440], it is not identical; most notably:

   o  The other specifications use different BEGIN/END delimiters (five
      dashes, no space rather than four dashes and a space).

   o  There is no blank line before the start of the base64-encoded
      contents.

   o  There is no CRC at the end of the base64-encoded block.

   o  Header continuation uses a backslash at the end of the continued
      line rather then whitespace at the start of the next line.

3.6.  Examples

   The following are some example public key files that are compliant
   (note that the examples all wrap before 72 bytes to meet ietf
   document requirements; however, they are still compliant.)

   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Comment: "1024-bit RSA, converted from OpenSSH by me@example.com"
   x-command: /home/galb/bin/lock-in-guest.sh
   AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEA1on8gxCGJJWSRT4uOrR13mUaUk0hRf4RzxSZ1zRb
   YYFw8pfGesIFoEuVth4HKyF8k1y4mRUnYHP1XNMNMJl1JcEArC2asV8sHf6zSPVffozZ
   5TT4SfsUu/iKy9lUcCfXzwre4WWZSXXcPff+EHtWshahu3WzBdnGxm5Xoi89zcE=
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----















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   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Comment: This is my public key for use on \
   servers which I don't like.
   AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAPY8ZOHY2yFSJA6XYC9HRwNHxaehvx5wOJ0rzZdzoSOXxbET
   W6ToHv8D1UJ/z+zHo9Fiko5XybZnDIaBDHtblQ+Yp7StxyltHnXF1YLfKD1G4T6JYrdH
   YI14Om1eg9e4NnCRleaqoZPF3UGfZia6bXrGTQf3gJq2e7Yisk/gF+1VAAAAFQDb8D5c
   vwHWTZDPfX0D2s9Rd7NBvQAAAIEAlN92+Bb7D4KLYk3IwRbXblwXdkPggA4pfdtW9vGf
   J0/RHd+NjB4eo1D+0dix6tXwYGN7PKS5R/FXPNwxHPapcj9uL1Jn2AWQ2dsknf+i/FAA
   vioUPkmdMc0zuWoSOEsSNhVDtX3WdvVcGcBq9cetzrtOKWOocJmJ80qadxTRHtUAAACB
   AN7CY+KKv1gHpRzFwdQm7HK9bb1LAo2KwaoXnadFgeptNBQeSXG1vO+JsvphVMBJc9HS
   n24VYtYtsMu74qXviYjziVucWKjjKEb11juqnF0GDlB3VVmxHLmxnAz643WK42Z7dLM5
   sY29ouezv4Xz2PuMch5VGPP+CDqzCM4loWgV
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----


   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Comment: DSA Public Key for use with MyIsp
   AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAPY8ZOHY2yFSJA6XYC9HRwNHxaehvx5wOJ0rzZdzoSOXxbET
   W6ToHv8D1UJ/z+zHo9Fiko5XybZnDIaBDHtblQ+Yp7StxyltHnXF1YLfKD1G4T6JYrdH
   YI14Om1eg9e4NnCRleaqoZPF3UGfZia6bXrGTQf3gJq2e7Yisk/gF+1VAAAAFQDb8D5c
   vwHWTZDPfX0D2s9Rd7NBvQAAAIEAlN92+Bb7D4KLYk3IwRbXblwXdkPggA4pfdtW9vGf
   J0/RHd+NjB4eo1D+0dix6tXwYGN7PKS5R/FXPNwxHPapcj9uL1Jn2AWQ2dsknf+i/FAA
   vioUPkmdMc0zuWoSOEsSNhVDtX3WdvVcGcBq9cetzrtOKWOocJmJ80qadxTRHtUAAACB
   AN7CY+KKv1gHpRzFwdQm7HK9bb1LAo2KwaoXnadFgeptNBQeSXG1vO+JsvphVMBJc9HS
   n24VYtYtsMu74qXviYjziVucWKjjKEb11juqnF0GDlB3VVmxHLmxnAz643WK42Z7dLM5
   sY29ouezv4Xz2PuMch5VGPP+CDqzCM4loWgV
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----


   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Subject: galb
   Comment: 1024-bit rsa, created by me@example.com Mon Jan 15 08:31:24 2001
   AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABJQAAAIEAiPWx6WM4lhHNedGfBpPJNPpZ7yKu+dnn1SJejgt4
   596k6YjzGGphH2TUxwKzxcKDKKezwkpfnxPkSMkuEspGRt/aZZ9wa++Oi7Qkr8prgHc4
   soW6NUlfDzpvZK2H5E7eQaSeP3SAwGmQKUFHCddNaP0L+hM7zhFNzjFvpaMgJw0=
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----















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4.  Public Key Fingerprints

   The security of the SSH protocols relies on the verification of
   public host keys.  Since public keys tend to be very large, it is
   difficult for a human to verify an entire host key.  Even with a PKI
   in place, it is useful to have a standard for exchanging short
   fingerprints of public keys.

   This section formally describes the method of generating public key
   fingerprints that is in common use in the SSH community.

   The fingerprint of a public key consists of the output of the MD5
   message-digest algorithm [RFC1321].  The input to the algorithm is
   the public-key data as specified by [RFC4253].  (This is the same
   data that is base64 encoded to form the body of the public-key file.)

   The output of the algorithm is presented to the user as a sequence of
   16 octets printed as hexadecimal with lowercase letters and separated
   by colons.

   For example: "c1:b1:30:29:d7:b8:de:6c:97:77:10:d7:46:41:63:87"






























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5.  IANA Considerations

   Section 3.3 defines a new namespace of "Header-tags".  These are US-
   ASCII strings of maximum length 64 characters, and are case-
   insensitive.

   The following header-tags are defined by this document:

      subject

      comment

   In addition, all header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for
   Private Use, as defined in [RFC2434].

   Further allocations are to be made by IETF Consensus, as defined in
   [RFC2434].


































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6.  Security Considerations

   The file format described by this document provides no mechanism to
   verify the integrity or otherwise detect tampering with the data
   stored in such files.  Given the potential of an adversarial
   tampering with this data, system-specific measures (e.g.  Access
   Control Lists, UNIX permissions, other Discretionary and/or Mandatory
   Access Controls) SHOULD be used to protect these files.  Also, if the
   contents of these files are transferred it SHOULD be done over a
   trusted channel.

   The header data allowed by this file format could contain an
   unlimited range of information.  While in many environments the
   information conveyed by this header data may be considered innocuous
   public information, it may constitute a channel through which
   information about a user, a key or its use may be disclosed
   intentionally or otherwise (e.g "Comment: Mary E. Jones, 123 Main St,
   Home Phone:...").  The presence and use of this header data SHOULD be
   reviewed by sites that deploy this file format.

   The public-key fingerprint method presented here relies on the MD5
   one-way hash function, which is known to have certain weaknesses
   regarding its collision resistance; however, the particular use made
   of MD5 here depends solely on its 2nd-preimage resistance, not on its
   collision resistance.

   MD5 is used here for historical reasons.
























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7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC1321]  Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321,
              April 1992.

   [RFC2045]  Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
              Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message
              Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC3629]  Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO
              10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003.

   [RFC4253]  Ylonen, T. and C. Lonvick, "The Secure Shell (SSH)
              Transport Layer Protocol", RFC 4253, January 2006.

7.2.  Informative References

   [RFC1421]  Linn, J., "Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic
              Mail: Part I: Message Encryption and Authentication
              Procedures", RFC 1421, February 1993.

   [RFC2434]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434,
              October 1998.

   [RFC2440]  Callas, J., Donnerhacke, L., Finney, H., and R. Thayer,
              "OpenPGP Message Format", RFC 2440, November 1998.



















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Authors' Addresses

   Joseph Galbraith
   VanDyke Software
   4848 Tramway Ridge Blvd
   Suite 101
   Albuquerque, NM  87111
   US

   Phone: +1 505 332 5700
   Email: galb-list@vandyke.com


   Rodney Thayer
   The Tillerman Group
   370 Altair Way, PMB 321
   Sunnyvale, CA  94086

   Phone: +1 408 757 9693
   Email: rodney@tillerman.to































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Intellectual Property Statement

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
   Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
   pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
   this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
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   on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
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   Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
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   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
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Disclaimer of Validity

   This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
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Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).  This document is subject
   to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and
   except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.


Acknowledgment

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.




Galbraith & Thayer      Expires September 2, 2006              [Page 14]



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From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:06 2006
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CC: hartmans-ietf@mit.edu
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From: Joseph Galbraith <galb-list@vandyke.com>
Date: Wed, 01 Mar 2006 08:43:53 -0700
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Subject: Re: [(nowhere)] FW: Please re-review draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile
 [I06-050928-0006]
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Message-ID: <4405C139.8000403@vandyke.com>

I just submitted a new version of the draft with
the changes suggested by Jacob.

I think this should clear up the confusion about the
IANA section.

Thanks,

Joseph

Jacob Nevins wrote:
> I wrote:
>> I guess RFC2434/BCP0026 might be of use?
>>
>> Could it be as simple as moving the language about "IETF Consensus" and
>> X-headers to the IANA Considerations section, and referencing 2434?
> 
> Sam Hartman threatened to bounce this draft if nothing happened before
> the end of February. Something has happened, but then it all went quiet
> again. So, here's a minimal attempt to sort out the "IANA
> Considerations" section, based on reading RFC 2434:
> 
> Section 3.3 "Key file header", change the following text:
> 
> before:
>    Compliant implementations MUST ignore unrecognized header fields.
>    Implementations SHOULD preserve unrecognized header fields when
>    manipulating the key file.
> 
> after:
>    The space of header-tags is managed as described in Section 5.
> 
>    Compliant implementations MUST ignore headers with unrecognized
>    header-tags. Implementations SHOULD preserve such unrecognized
>    headers when manipulating the key file.
> 
> Section 3.3.3 "New Headers": replace whole section:
> 
> before:
> 3.3.3.  New Headers
> 
>    Headers with header-tags beginning with "x-" are considered
>    experimental, and may be used without IETF consensus.
> 
>    All other headers are reserved for use only by IETF consensus.
> 
> after:
> 3.3.3.  Private Use Headers
> 
>    Headers with header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for
>    private use.
> 
> Section 5 "IANA Considerations": replace entire section text:
> 
> before:
>    An IANA registry needs to be created containing the defined header-
>    tags.  These are 'subject' and 'comment'
> 
> after:
>    Section 3.3 defines a new namespace of "Header-tags". These are
>    US-ASCII strings of maximum length 64 characters, and are
>    case-insensitive.
> 
>    The following header-tags are defined by this document:
>      subject
>      comment
> 
>    In addition, all header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for
>    Private Use, as defined in [RFC2434].
> 
>    Further allocations are to be made by IETF Consensus, as defined
>    in [RFC2434].
> 
> Section 7.2 "Informative References" (right section?): add one:
> 
>    [RFC2434]  Narten, T. and Alvestrand, H., "Guidelines for Writing an
>               IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC 2434,
>               October 1998.
>

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:06 2006
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In-Reply-To: <4405C139.8000403@vandyke.com> (Joseph Galbraith's message of
 "Wed, 01 Mar 2006 08:43:53 -0700")
To: Joseph Galbraith <galb-list@vandyke.com>
Cc: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
References: <20060226220951.GA24363@chiark.greenend.org.uk> <4405C139.8000403@vandyke.com> <4405C139.8000403@vandyke.com>
Date: Wed, 01 Mar 2006 14:02:43 -0500
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Subject: Re: [(nowhere)] FW: Please re-review draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile
 [I06-050928-0006]
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1) RFC 2434 needs to be normative not informative.

2) You don't actually manage to describe what fields are in the IANA
   registry Do you want anything more than the header name and a
   reference to the document defining the header If not, say that.

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:06 2006
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From: Jacob Nevins <jacobn+secsh@chiark.greenend.org.uk>
Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2006 21:52:45 +0000
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Sam Hartman writes:
> 1) RFC 2434 needs to be normative not informative.
> 
> 2) You don't actually manage to describe what fields are in the IANA
>    registry Do you want anything more than the header name and a
>    reference to the document defining the header If not, say that.

I don't think we need anything more than that.

How about these edits, relative to the publickeyfile-12 posted on
this list?:

Section 5 "IANA Considerations":
replace the following text:

   The following header-tags are defined by this document:

      subject

      comment

   In addition, all header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for
   Private Use, as defined in [RFC2434].

   Further allocations are to be made by IETF Consensus, as defined in
   [RFC2434].

with:

   IANA is required to create and maintain a registry of these
   header-tags. The registry will map each header-tag to a reference
   defining the header.

   The initial contents of the registry are as follows:

      subject           defined in Section 3.3.1
      comment           defined in Section 3.3.2

   Header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for Private Use,
   as defined in [RFC2434].

   All other allocations are to be made by IETF Consensus, as
   defined in [RFC2434].

Move [RFC2434] reference from section 7.2 to 7.1.

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:06 2006
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To: Joseph Galbraith <ietf-ssh@NetBSD.org>, 
 Michael Wing <emw@vandyke.com>
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From: Joseph Galbraith <galb@vandyke.com>
Date: Thu, 02 Mar 2006 17:48:17 -0700
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Monitors: 835383799120
           835383799110

Computer: 835383799109

Thanks,

Joseph

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:06 2006
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From: pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz (Peter Gutmann)
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Subject: Re: [(nowhere)] FW: Please re-review draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile [I06-050928-0006]
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Jacob Nevins <jacobn+secsh@chiark.greenend.org.uk> writes:

>How about these edits, relative to the publickeyfile-12 posted on this list?:

I'd like to suggest one more, at the end of section 3.2:

  Note that this differs from the widely-used PEM format on which this is
  based in using four dashes and a space.  Every other implementation uses
  five dashes and no space.

This is to point out a potential booby-trap for implementors who are used to
the PGP, OpenSSL, Netscape, etc etc use of the standard PEM-style "-----BEGIN
whatever" form.

Peter.

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Peter Gutmann writes:
> I'd like to suggest one more, at the end of section 3.2:
> 
>   Note that this differs from the widely-used PEM format [...]

There's already a whole section (3.5) on this subject.

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Shell Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: SSH Public Key File Format
	Author(s)	: J. Galbraith, R. Thayer
	Filename	: draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-12.txt
	Pages		: 14
	Date		: 2006-3-3
	
This document formally documents an existing public key file format
   in use for exchanging public keys between different SSH
   implementations.

   In addition, this document defines a standard textual representation
   for SSH public key fingerprints.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-12.txt

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Dear Colleague,

 Please find attached the call for participation for the Second IEEE
 Communications Society/CreateNet International Conference on Security
 and Privacy for Emerging Areas in Communication Networks (SecureComm
 2006) to be held in Baltimore, MD from Aug. 28 to Sept. 1, 2006.

 The complete information is available on the website:
 www.securecomm.org

 We apologize if you receive multiple copies of this message. Please
 feel free to distribute this to colleagues who might be interested.

Best Regards,

SecureComm 2006 Organizing  Committee

*******************************************************************
                           CALL FOR PAPERS

                           SecureComm 2006

      Second IEEE Communications Society/CreateNet International
       Conference on Security and Privacy for Emerging Areas in
                      Communication Networks

       Baltimore, MD, USA, Aug. 28 - Sep. 1, 2006

                    URL: http://www.securecomm.org

                           CO-SPONSORED BY:
             IEEE Communications Society (www.comsoc.org)
                    CreateNet (www.create-net.it)

      In Cooperation with ACM SIGSAC

*******************************************************************

The scope of Securecomm 2006 has been broadened since the inaugural
2005 event. Topics of interest encompass research advances in ALL
areas of secure communications and networking. Topics in other areas
(e.g., formal methods, database security, secure OS/software,
theoretical cryptography, e-commerce) will be considered only if a
clear connection to privacy and/or security in
communication/networking is demonstrated.

Securecomm aims to bring together security and privacy experts in
academia, industry and government as well as practitioners, standards
developers and policy makers.  Securecomm also serves as a venue for
learning about state-of-the-art in security and privacy
research. Presentations reporting on cutting-edge research results are
supplemented by panels on controversial issues and invited talks on
timely and important topics.

Areas of interest include, but ARE NOT limited to, the following:
-----------------------------------------------------------------

* Security & Privacy in Wired, Wireless, Mobile, Hybrid, Sensor, Ad Hoc
   networks
* Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention, DoS Countermeasures
* Firewalls, Routers, Filters and Malware detectors
* Public Key Infrastructures and Other Security Architectures
* Secure Web Communication
* Communication Privacy and Anonymity
* Secure/Private E-commerce
* Secure Routing, Naming/Addressing, Network Management
* Security & Privacy in Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, e.g., RFIDs

PAPERS: Technical papers describing original unpublished research are
solicited. Submissions must not be concurrently under review by a
conference, journal or any other venue that has proceedings.  Authors
of the highest-quality accepted papers will be invited to submit
extended version of their papers to a special issue of ACM
Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC).

SHORT PAPERS: Continuing with the last year's model, in addition to
full papers, Securecomm 2006 invites submission of pithy concise
technical papers (also describing original unpublished research). Such
papers may represent work-in-progress or small -- yet novel --
research results that do not warrant a full paper.

SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS: Only PostScript or PDF formats are accepted
for all submissions. Full paper submissions must not exceed 10 pages
in IEEE conference style, two-column format, not including the
bibliography. Well-marked appendices of up to 2 pages are allowed but
will be read only at the discretion of reviewers.  Short paper
submissions are limited to 4 pages total.

IEEE Communications Society and Create-Net policy states that all
accepted SecureComm 2006 papers must have at least one registration at
the regular rate. For authors co-authoring multiple papers, one
regular registration is valid for up to two papers.

All submitted papers will be judged based on their quality through
*double-blind* reviewing, where the identities of the authors are
withheld from the reviewers.  Authors' names must not appear in the
paper or in the PostScript or PDF file.  Complete paper submission
instructions will be available at the conference website.  The
Title/Abstract MUST be registered by March 24, 11.50PM PST and final
paper uploaded by April 1, 2006, 11.50PM PST.

PANELS: Panels that examine innovative, controversial, or
otherwise provocative issues of interest are solicited.  Panel
proposals should not exceed 3 pages, including biographical sketches
of the panelists. Potential panel organizers should submit proposals
to the Panels Co-Chairs by March 18, 2006.

WORKSHOPS: Workshop proposals on topics related to the broader theme
of the conference are solicited. Workshop proposals should not exceed
3 pages, including biographical sketches of the main organizers,
completed description of the workshop topic and its potential interest
to the community and relevance to Securecomm, and a detailed draft
CFP. Potential workshop organizers should submit proposals to the
Workshops Chair by February 1, 2006.

RESEARCH DEMOS: Informal proposals for research demos are solicited.
Proposals will be reviewed and selection will be made based on the
perceived value to the research community and interest level for the
conference attendees. Proposals should not exceed 3 pages and should
include: the focus area, technologies involved, specific equipment to
be used, demo layout and space required. Please submit proposals to
the Research Demos Chair(s) by June 1, 2006.
IMPORTANT DATES

---------------

TECHNICAL Paper submissions due: March 24, 2006 (Title/Abstract)
     April 1, 2006 (Full Paper)
NOTIFICATION date:   May 31, 2006
Camera-ready version due:  June 24, 2006
Conference Dates:   Aug. 28 - Sep. 1, 2006

For information regarding the conference, please visit
http://www.securecomm.org or contact one of the Chairs below.

     CONFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

General Co-Chairs
-----------------

Mukesh Singhal, University of Kentucky, singhal@cs.uky.edu
John Baras, University of Maryland, College Park, baras@isr.umd.edu

Technical Program Co-Chairs
---------------------------

Steve Kent, BBN, kent@bbn.com
Gene Tsudik, UC Irvine,  gts@ics.uci.edu

Workshops Chair
---------------
G. Manimaran, Iowa State University, gmani@iastate.edu

Panels Co-Chairs
----------------
Bruno Crispo, Vrije Universiteit, Netherlands, crispo@few.vu.nl
Avishai Wool, Technion, Israel, yash@eng.tau.ac.il

Research Demos/Exhibits Chair
-----------------------------
Tom Karygiannis, NIST, karygiannis@nist.gov

Sponsorships Chair
------------------
Byrav Ramamurthy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, byrav@cse.unl.edu

Publicity Co-Chairs
-------------------
Peng Liu, Penn State University, pliu@ist.psu.edu
Cristina Nita-Rotaru, Purdue University, crisn@cs.purdue.edu

Publication Chair
-----------------
Farooq Anjum, Telcordia Technologies, fanjum@telcordia.com

Steering Committee:
-------------------
 Imrich Chlamtac (Chair), Create-Net
 Krishna M. Sivalingam (Co-Chair), University of Maryland, Baltimore County
 Gene Tsudik, University of California, Irvine
 Brian Bigalke,  (Staff Liaison, IEEE Communications Society)

     TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE
     -------------------------------------------
 N. Asokan         Nokia Research
 Giuseppe Ateniese Johns Hopkins University
 Tuomas Aura  Microsoft Research
 Dirk Balfanz  PARC
 Bharat Bhargava Purdue
 Matt Bishop  University of California, Davis
 Levente Buttyan Budapest University of Technology
 Srdjan Capkun  Technical University of Denmark
 Claude Castelluccia Inria Rhone-Alpes
 Tom Chen  Southern Methodist University
 Bruno Crispo  Vrije Universitet
 Breno de Medeiros University of Central Florida
 Robert Deng  Singapore Management University
 Xuhua Ding  Singapore Management University
 Glenn Durfee  PARC
 Bao Feng  Institute for Infocomm Research
 Dieter Gollmann Technical University of Hamburg-Harb
 Richard Han            University of Colorado at Boulder
 Tom Karygiannis NIST
 Yongdae Kim  University of Minnessota
 Christopher Kruegel Technical University of Vienna
 Kwok-Yan Lam  Tsinghua University
 Brian LaMacchia Microsoft
 Carl Landwehr  University of Maryland
 Wenke Lee  Georgia Tech
 Albert Levi  Sabanci University,
 Ninghui Li  Purdue
 Peng Liu  Pennsylvania State University
 Luigi Mancini  Unversity of Rome - La Sapienza
 Fabio Massacci  University of Trento
 Ludovic Me'  Supelec
 Pietro Michiardi Eurecom Institute
 Refik Molva  Eurecom Institute
 Mats Naslund  Ericsson Research
 Pekka Nikander  Ericsson Nomadiclab
 Cristina Nita-Rotaru Purdue
 Radha Poovendran University of Washington
 Byrav Ramamurthy University of Nebraska-Lincoln
 Michael Roe  Microsoft Research
 Sanjeev Setia  George Mason University
 Cliff Wang  Army Research Laboratory
 Helen Wang  Microsoft Research
 Ron Watro  BBN
 Dirk Westhoff  NEC Research
 Susanne Wetzel  Stevens Institute of Technology
 Avishai Wool  Tel Aviv University
 Shouhuai Xu  University of Texas, San Antonio
 Xiaowei Yang  University of California, Irvine
 Bulent Yener   Rensselauer Polytechnic Institute
 Jeong Hyun Yi          Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology
 Jianying Zhou  Institute for Infocomm Research
 Alf Zugenmaier  DoCoMo Labs

************************************************************************

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Dear Colleague,

 Please find attached the call for participation for the Second IEEE
 Communications Society/CreateNet International Conference on Security
 and Privacy for Emerging Areas in Communication Networks (SecureComm
 2006) to be held in Baltimore, MD from Aug. 28 to Sept. 1, 2006.

 The complete information is available on the website:
 www.securecomm.org

 We apologize if you receive multiple copies of this message. Please
 feel free to distribute this to colleagues who might be interested.

Best Regards,

SecureComm 2006 Organizing  Committee

*******************************************************************
                           CALL FOR PAPERS

                           SecureComm 2006

      Second IEEE Communications Society/CreateNet International
       Conference on Security and Privacy for Emerging Areas in
                      Communication Networks

       Baltimore, MD, USA, Aug. 28 - Sep. 1, 2006

                    URL: http://www.securecomm.org

                           CO-SPONSORED BY:
             IEEE Communications Society (www.comsoc.org)
                    CreateNet (www.create-net.it)

      In Cooperation with ACM SIGSAC

*******************************************************************

The scope of Securecomm 2006 has been broadened since the inaugural
2005 event. Topics of interest encompass research advances in ALL
areas of secure communications and networking. Topics in other areas
(e.g., formal methods, database security, secure OS/software,
theoretical cryptography, e-commerce) will be considered only if a
clear connection to privacy and/or security in
communication/networking is demonstrated.

Securecomm aims to bring together security and privacy experts in
academia, industry and government as well as practitioners, standards
developers and policy makers.  Securecomm also serves as a venue for
learning about state-of-the-art in security and privacy
research. Presentations reporting on cutting-edge research results are
supplemented by panels on controversial issues and invited talks on
timely and important topics.

Areas of interest include, but ARE NOT limited to, the following:
-----------------------------------------------------------------

* Security & Privacy in Wired, Wireless, Mobile, Hybrid, Sensor, Ad Hoc
   networks
* Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention, DoS Countermeasures
* Firewalls, Routers, Filters and Malware detectors
* Public Key Infrastructures and Other Security Architectures
* Secure Web Communication
* Communication Privacy and Anonymity
* Secure/Private E-commerce
* Secure Routing, Naming/Addressing, Network Management
* Security & Privacy in Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, e.g., RFIDs

PAPERS: Technical papers describing original unpublished research are
solicited. Submissions must not be concurrently under review by a
conference, journal or any other venue that has proceedings.  Authors
of the highest-quality accepted papers will be invited to submit
extended version of their papers to a special issue of ACM
Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC).

SHORT PAPERS: Continuing with the last year's model, in addition to
full papers, Securecomm 2006 invites submission of pithy concise
technical papers (also describing original unpublished research). Such
papers may represent work-in-progress or small -- yet novel --
research results that do not warrant a full paper.

SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS: Only PostScript or PDF formats are accepted
for all submissions. Full paper submissions must not exceed 10 pages
in IEEE conference style, two-column format, not including the
bibliography. Well-marked appendices of up to 2 pages are allowed but
will be read only at the discretion of reviewers.  Short paper
submissions are limited to 4 pages total.

IEEE Communications Society and Create-Net policy states that all
accepted SecureComm 2006 papers must have at least one registration at
the regular rate. For authors co-authoring multiple papers, one
regular registration is valid for up to two papers.

All submitted papers will be judged based on their quality through
*double-blind* reviewing, where the identities of the authors are
withheld from the reviewers.  Authors' names must not appear in the
paper or in the PostScript or PDF file.  Complete paper submission
instructions will be available at the conference website.  The
Title/Abstract MUST be registered by March 24, 11.50PM PST and final
paper uploaded by April 1, 2006, 11.50PM PST.

PANELS: Panels that examine innovative, controversial, or
otherwise provocative issues of interest are solicited.  Panel
proposals should not exceed 3 pages, including biographical sketches
of the panelists. Potential panel organizers should submit proposals
to the Panels Co-Chairs by March 18, 2006.

WORKSHOPS: Workshop proposals on topics related to the broader theme
of the conference are solicited. Workshop proposals should not exceed
3 pages, including biographical sketches of the main organizers,
completed description of the workshop topic and its potential interest
to the community and relevance to Securecomm, and a detailed draft
CFP. Potential workshop organizers should submit proposals to the
Workshops Chair by February 1, 2006.

RESEARCH DEMOS: Informal proposals for research demos are solicited.
Proposals will be reviewed and selection will be made based on the
perceived value to the research community and interest level for the
conference attendees. Proposals should not exceed 3 pages and should
include: the focus area, technologies involved, specific equipment to
be used, demo layout and space required. Please submit proposals to
the Research Demos Chair(s) by June 1, 2006.
IMPORTANT DATES

---------------

TECHNICAL Paper submissions due: March 24, 2006 (Title/Abstract)
     April 1, 2006 (Full Paper)
NOTIFICATION date:   May 31, 2006
Camera-ready version due:  June 24, 2006
Conference Dates:   Aug. 28 - Sep. 1, 2006

For information regarding the conference, please visit
http://www.securecomm.org or contact one of the Chairs below.

     CONFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

General Co-Chairs
-----------------

Mukesh Singhal, University of Kentucky, singhal@cs.uky.edu
John Baras, University of Maryland, College Park, baras@isr.umd.edu

Technical Program Co-Chairs
---------------------------

Steve Kent, BBN, kent@bbn.com
Gene Tsudik, UC Irvine,  gts@ics.uci.edu

Workshops Chair
---------------
G. Manimaran, Iowa State University, gmani@iastate.edu

Panels Co-Chairs
----------------
Bruno Crispo, Vrije Universiteit, Netherlands, crispo@few.vu.nl
Avishai Wool, Technion, Israel, yash@eng.tau.ac.il

Research Demos/Exhibits Chair
-----------------------------
Tom Karygiannis, NIST, karygiannis@nist.gov

Sponsorships Chair
------------------
Byrav Ramamurthy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, byrav@cse.unl.edu

Publicity Co-Chairs
-------------------
Peng Liu, Penn State University, pliu@ist.psu.edu
Cristina Nita-Rotaru, Purdue University, crisn@cs.purdue.edu

Publication Chair
-----------------
Farooq Anjum, Telcordia Technologies, fanjum@telcordia.com

Steering Committee:
-------------------
 Imrich Chlamtac (Chair), Create-Net
 Krishna M. Sivalingam (Co-Chair), University of Maryland, Baltimore County
 Gene Tsudik, University of California, Irvine
 Brian Bigalke,  (Staff Liaison, IEEE Communications Society)

     TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE
     -------------------------------------------
 N. Asokan         Nokia Research
 Giuseppe Ateniese Johns Hopkins University
 Tuomas Aura  Microsoft Research
 Dirk Balfanz  PARC
 Bharat Bhargava Purdue
 Matt Bishop  University of California, Davis
 Levente Buttyan Budapest University of Technology
 Srdjan Capkun  Technical University of Denmark
 Claude Castelluccia Inria Rhone-Alpes
 Tom Chen  Southern Methodist University
 Bruno Crispo  Vrije Universitet
 Breno de Medeiros University of Central Florida
 Robert Deng  Singapore Management University
 Xuhua Ding  Singapore Management University
 Glenn Durfee  PARC
 Bao Feng  Institute for Infocomm Research
 Dieter Gollmann Technical University of Hamburg-Harb
 Richard Han            University of Colorado at Boulder
 Tom Karygiannis NIST
 Yongdae Kim  University of Minnessota
 Christopher Kruegel Technical University of Vienna
 Kwok-Yan Lam  Tsinghua University
 Brian LaMacchia Microsoft
 Carl Landwehr  University of Maryland
 Wenke Lee  Georgia Tech
 Albert Levi  Sabanci University,
 Ninghui Li  Purdue
 Peng Liu  Pennsylvania State University
 Luigi Mancini  Unversity of Rome - La Sapienza
 Fabio Massacci  University of Trento
 Ludovic Me'  Supelec
 Pietro Michiardi Eurecom Institute
 Refik Molva  Eurecom Institute
 Mats Naslund  Ericsson Research
 Pekka Nikander  Ericsson Nomadiclab
 Cristina Nita-Rotaru Purdue
 Radha Poovendran University of Washington
 Byrav Ramamurthy University of Nebraska-Lincoln
 Michael Roe  Microsoft Research
 Sanjeev Setia  George Mason University
 Cliff Wang  Army Research Laboratory
 Helen Wang  Microsoft Research
 Ron Watro  BBN
 Dirk Westhoff  NEC Research
 Susanne Wetzel  Stevens Institute of Technology
 Avishai Wool  Tel Aviv University
 Shouhuai Xu  University of Texas, San Antonio
 Xiaowei Yang  University of California, Irvine
 Bulent Yener   Rensselauer Polytechnic Institute
 Jeong Hyun Yi          Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology
 Jianying Zhou  Institute for Infocomm Research
 Alf Zugenmaier  DoCoMo Labs

************************************************************************

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Shell Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: X.509 authentication in SSH
	Author(s)	: O. Saarenmaa, J. Galbraith
	Filename	: draft-ietf-secsh-x509-03.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 2006-3-6
	
This document specifies how X.509 certificates and signatures are
   used within the Secure Shell protocol for user and server
   authentication.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-x509-03.txt

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From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:07 2006
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From: Oskari Saarenmaa <oskari.saarenmaa@f-secure.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Mar 2006 16:51:00 -0800
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Subject: Comments on draft-ietf-secsh-x509-03
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Some comments on the new x509 draft based on off-list emails and
discussions at IETF-64 and Connectathon:

The reason for including OCSP responses in "x509v3-sign" was that the
peer might not have access to (or might not want to access) the OCSP or
CRL server if it is behind a firewall for example.  OCSP responses are
signed, so the peer can trust them, but we should add some text to
security considerations about this.  The signature format for
"x509v3-sign" needs to be specified in more detail, specifically the OID
is an US-ASCII text representation of the identifier, and the signature
is encoded as specified in RFC 3279.

"x509v3-sign-rsa-sha1" and "x509v3-sign-dss-sha1" formats could be
dropped, the only argument for defining them was that they are pretty
close to what many implementations did before any of the x509/ssh stuff
was documented.  But as they're just "pretty close to" existing
implementations, defining them with new names and slightly different
formats won't buy any interoperability and only adds redundancy.

There were also some concerns that we might not actually need three
different EKUs for SSH, and should define just one or two.  As I see it
there are three pretty distinctive ways to use certificates in SSH so
each of them could use their own EKU definition, but I have no strong
feelings about the issue.

Any comments/feedback are welcome.

Cheers,
Oskari

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To: Oskari Saarenmaa <oskari.saarenmaa@f-secure.com>
CC: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
References: <4418B674.1020402@f-secure.com> <4418B674.1020402@f-secure.com>
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From: Roumen Petrov <openssh@roumenpetrov.info>
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Date: Fri, 17 Mar 2006 00:15:16 +0200
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Oskari Saarenmaa wrote:
> Some comments on the new x509 draft based on off-list emails and
> discussions at IETF-64 and Connectathon:
> 
> [SNIP] The signature format for
> "x509v3-sign" needs to be specified in more detail, specifically the OID
> is an US-ASCII text representation of the identifier, and the signature
> is encoded as specified in RFC 3279.

May be the signature format should be part of public key algorithm name.
The client shouldn't guess which signature format is supported by server
and shouldn't send blindly signed authentication request.

Other possibility is to extend 'public key authentication method' with new message[s].
May be a new response SSH_MSG_USERAUTH_X509_OK:
       byte      SSH_MSG_USERAUTH_X509_OK
       string    public key algorithm name from the request, i.e. "x509v3-sign"
       string    public key blob from the request
       name-list signature algorithms supported by server.


In first case we should define many names without to change protocol,
but the client should send a certificate with diferent algorithm names
until server accept one or reject all. Then client can begin with next
certificate and so on and so forth.

In second case is with just one name, but require protocol changes.
:-\


May be SHA1 algorithm is sufficient. The problem with hash algorithms
exist for rsa/dss keys too.


Regards,
Roumen Petrov

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Subject: RFC 4419 on Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange for the Secure Shell (SSH) Transport Layer Protocol
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A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.

        
        RFC 4419

        Title:      Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange for the 
                    Secure Shell (SSH) Transport Layer Protocol 
        Author:     M. Friedl,  N. Provos, 
                    W. Simpson
        Status:     Standards Track
        Date:       March 2006
        Mailbox:    markus@openbsd.org, 
                    provos@citi.umich.edu, 
                    wsimpson@greendragon.com
        Pages:      10
        Characters: 18356
        Updates/Obsoletes/SeeAlso:   None

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-secsh-dh-group-exchange-05.txt

        URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4419.txt

This memo describes a new key exchange method for the Secure Shell
(SSH) protocol.  It allows the SSH server to propose new groups on
which to perform the Diffie-Hellman key exchange to the client.  The
proposed groups need not be fixed and can change with time.  [STANDARDS TRACK]

This document is a product of the Secure Shell
Working Group of the IETF.

This is now a Proposed Standard Protocol.

STANDARDS TRACK: This document specifies an Internet standards track
protocol for the Internet community,and requests discussion and 
suggestions for improvements.Please refer to the current edition of the 
Internet Official Protocol Standards (STD 1) for the standardization state 
and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

This announcement is sent to the IETF list and the RFC-DIST list.
Requests to be added to or deleted from the IETF distribution list
should be sent to IETF-REQUEST@IETF.ORG.  Requests to be
added to or deleted from the RFC-DIST distribution list should
be sent to RFC-DIST-REQUEST@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.

Details on obtaining RFCs via FTP or EMAIL may be obtained by sending
an EMAIL message to rfc-info@RFC-EDITOR.ORG with the message body 

help: ways_to_get_rfcs. For example:

        To: rfc-info@RFC-EDITOR.ORG
        Subject: getting rfcs

        help: ways_to_get_rfcs

Requests for special distribution should be addressed to either the
author of the RFC in question, or to RFC-Manager@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Unless
specifically noted otherwise on the RFC itself, all RFCs are for
unlimited distribution.

Submissions for Requests for Comments should be sent to
RFC-EDITOR@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Please consult RFC 2223, Instructions to RFC
Authors, for further information.


Joyce K. Reynolds and Sandy Ginoza
USC/Information Sciences Institute

...

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:07 2006
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From: pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz (Peter Gutmann)
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Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ietf-secsh-x509-03
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Oskari Saarenmaa <oskari.saarenmaa@f-secure.com> writes:

>Any comments/feedback are welcome.

I have some comments (these may be best read to the sound of an Alka-seltzer
fizzing in a glass :-).

Section 3.1.1 is self-contradicting, first there's a paragraph saying you
shouldn't use eKU, and then the following paragraph tells you what to set eKU
to.  Is this an editing error where one of the two paragraphs was supposed to
have been removed, or was it deliberate?  If it's deliberate, why are there
two contradicting requirements?

Wouldn't it be better to use the existing, universally-implemented
client/serverAuth eKU's instead of inventing new, incompatible ones?  The
latter strategy practically guarantees that they'll never see support in any
mainstream PKI software, which kind of defeats the point of using standard
X.509 certs to contain the keys.

Section 4's use of OCSP is IMHO a bad move, it hard-codes a particular
revocation-checking mechanism into the exchange while excluding all others.
What if you're using CRLs for checking?  What about signed attestations?  The
explicit hardcoding of OCSP constrains implementors into a single mechanism
for checking, and excludes all others.

In addition, much of this section seems to be reinventing the wheel that the
TLS folks spent ages thrashing out.  From the history of TLS, it's going to
take endless tweaks and revisions to get this into a form where it works for
all users.  Since what's being done here is identical to what TLS does, except
for a minor difference in encoding (TLS uses uint24's instead of uint32's for
lengths, otherwise the two formats are identical), it would be better to
simply refer to the TLS sections that cover this same material and build on
the experience they've gained with this.

The algorithm-encoding in section 4 is also a bad move.  Firstly, it's
incompatible with the existing well-established SSH method for doing this, so
you now need to implement two parallel and incompatible algorithm-encoding
methods, one for all of SSH except SSH-with-X.509, and another for SSH-with-
X.509 only.  In addition since there are vast numbers of redundant OIDs
(there's half a dozen or more for SHA-1 alone), you'd need to provide a
central registry in the SSH docs for each allowed value, in which case you're
simply duplicating the existing (non-OID) SSH algorithm registry.  Finally,
the dotted form for text-mode OIDs is incorrect, this is an aberration found
in some IETF texts but isn't valid ASN.1.  The correct form has spaces, not
dots.

(The fact that this error has made it into the spec is an example of why using
OIDs is not a good idea, just stick with the standard SSH algorithm IDs).

Section 5 should probably be removed, like the OCSP use it seems to hardcode a
pile of arbitrary restrictions on usage on the use of X.509 certs in SSH.  Why
do you need to verify the full chain?  Even the PKIX spec never requires this,
it merely requires verification up to a trust anchor.  If you have an
explicitly trusted EE cert, you don't need to look at the other certs at all.
In addition if you subscribe to some of the more peculiar ideas in PKIX, the
concept of a "chain" doesn't really exist any more since you're now dealing
with a full graph with unpredictable semantics.  The requirement to refuse a
cert if no OCSP responses are included extends the comment I made about
section 4, this *forces* you to use OCSP, whether you want to, or whether it's
appropriate, or not.  This section really doesn't have any place in this
document, how an implementation handles the certificates it receives is purely
a local policy issue .

Overall I think this document should restrict itself to specifying the basic
formats, and leave cert-processing details and policy issues to things like
PKIX, who have generated thousands of pages (literally!) of documentation on
this.  Also, since what's being done here is identical to what TLS has spent
several years working on, re-using the results of the TLS work would help
avoid the need to re-work the SSH stuff once people start rediscovering the
various issues that the TLS folks have already dealt with.

Peter.

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From: Joseph Galbraith <galb-list@vandyke.com>
Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2006 09:41:58 -0700
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> Overall I think this document should restrict itself to specifying the basic
> formats, and leave cert-processing details and policy issues to things like
> PKIX, who have generated thousands of pages (literally!) of documentation on
> this.  Also, since what's being done here is identical to what TLS has spent
> several years working on, re-using the results of the TLS work would help
> avoid the need to re-work the SSH stuff once people start rediscovering the
> various issues that the TLS folks have already dealt with.

This was our original intent (and if you look at the first couple
of versions of the document, what we did.)

However, it seemed like people wanted more out of the draft.

I'd be really happy to go back to simply describing how
to encode x.509 certificates and signatures in the SSH
protocol and call this draft done.

But-- I guess we need people who care about this to
come out of the woodwork and speak up now about what
the working group wants out of this document.

Thanks,

Joseph

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 not be published
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Folks, I had indicated that publickfile needed to be dealt with by
March.  I was unaware of a process issue that makes this even more
critical than I had expected.  If the document is not approved by
Friday it would need to come back on a telechat and receive additional
reviews before it could be approved.


So, publickeyfile needs to be dealt with this week or I will withdraw
my sponsorship of the document and remove it from the publication
process.


I strongly recommend that people interested in seeing this document
get published work with IANA at their office hours to find text
acceptable to IANA.


You should coordinate with the authors and WG, but the people doing
the work need not be the authors.

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From: Jacob Nevins <jacobn+secsh@chiark.greenend.org.uk>
Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2006 20:26:45 +0000
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Michelle writes:
> However, the IANA Considerations section still needs work.  There is not
> much detail regarding what type of registry, are these values, what are
> the registration procedures, etc.
>
> If you need for me to look at a new version of the IANA Considerations
> section, please let me know.

Sam Hartman tells us (the SECSH WG) that this document needs to reach
closure by this Friday.

Therefore, as a matter of some urgency, can you review this proposed
"IANA considerations" section (relative to
<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-12.txt>)
and let us know whether it does what you need, so that we can progress
the document?:

5.  IANA Considerations

   Section 3.3 defines a new namespace of "Header-tags".  These are US-
   ASCII strings of maximum length 64 characters, and are case-
   insensitive.

   IANA is required to create and maintain a registry of these
   header-tags. The registry will map each header-tag to a reference
   defining the header.

   The initial contents of the registry are as follows:

      subject           defined in Section 3.3.1
      comment           defined in Section 3.3.2

   Header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for Private Use,
   as defined in [RFC2434].

   All other allocations are to be made by IETF Consensus, as
   defined in [RFC2434].

(In addition, we know we need to make the [RFC2434] reference
normative.)

Thanks in advance.

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:08 2006
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From: pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz (Peter Gutmann)
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Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ietf-secsh-x509-03
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Joseph Galbraith <galb-list@vandyke.com> writes:

>This was our original intent (and if you look at the first couple of versions
>of the document, what we did.)

Yeah, I wondered why it'd changed so suddenly.

>I'd be really happy to go back to simply describing how to encode x.509
>certificates and signatures in the SSH protocol and call this draft done.
>
>But-- I guess we need people who care about this to come out of the woodwork
>and speak up now about what the working group wants out of this document.

I'd prefer to just have the format documented and call it done.  Fiddling with
certificate-management policy is something that other WGs have spent
(literally) years over, and reached consensus only in the sense that everyone
was equally unhappy with the result... I'd say document the bits on the wire,
and leave the policy side to someone else to write up in their own draft.

Peter.

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From: Jacob Nevins <jacobn+secsh@chiark.greenend.org.uk>
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Joseph is having trouble posting to the list, so I'm sending this
message on his behalf:

----- Forwarded message from Joseph Galbraith -----

From: Joseph Galbraith
To: Jacob Nevins
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile
Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2006 17:24:15 -0700

Jacob Nevins wrote:
> As you may have seen on ietf-ssh, Sam Hartman says this document will
> get knocked back if it hasn't shown progress by Friday. (Quite how much
> progress, I'm not sure.) I'm keen for it to get published, since it's
> widely used and there's nothing fundamentally wrong with it.

Yes I saw it; I incorporated your changes, excepting I used
'requested to create' instead of 'required to create'

> I've put together revised text for the IANA section (which is I think
> all that's needed), and pointed IANA at it by email the day before last
> (email CC'd to the list) to see if it addresses their concerns, but had
> no reply yet.
> 
> Do you have any way of contacting IANA more directly? Do you know if
> phoning them is likely to be useful?

I did phone them both yesterday and today, but haven't managed to
talk to the right person (which I believe is Michelle Cotton.)

I don't have an email address for her and haven't been able to
find one on the list either.

I actually tried to post this to the mailing list and got
bounced with 'greylisting active' or some such :-(

> If IANA respond, or indeed if they don't respond soon (say by tomorrow),
> it'll be necessary to get a new draft published pronto. Will you be able
> to do this? Indeed, can I, technically, and would you have any objection
> to my doing so if so?

I'll publish tomorrow around noon one way or the other.

Thanks,

Joseph

----- End forwarded message -----

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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Thanks,

Joseph

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Secure Shell Working Group                                  J. Galbraith
Internet-Draft                                          VanDyke Software
Expires: September 23, 2006                                    R. Thayer
                                                     The Tillerman Group
                                                          March 22, 2006


                       SSH Public Key File Format
                 draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt

Status of this Memo

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
   aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
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   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on September 23, 2006.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).

Abstract

   This document formally documents an existing public key file format
   in use for exchanging public keys between different SSH
   implementations.

   In addition, this document defines a standard textual representation
   for SSH public key fingerprints.




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Table of Contents

   1.  Conventions used in this document  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Key File Format  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  Line Termination Characters  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  Begin and End Markers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.3.  Key File Header  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
       3.3.1.  Subject Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.3.2.  Comment Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.3.3.  Private Use Headers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.4.  Public Key File Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.5.  Differences with RFC1421 PEM formats . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.6.  Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   4.  Public Key Fingerprints  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   5.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   6.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   7.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     7.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     7.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 14





























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1.  Conventions used in this document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].














































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2.  Introduction

   The SSH protocol supports the use of public/private key pairs in
   order to perform perform authentication based on public-key
   cryptography.  However, in order to use public-key authentication in
   the SSH protocol, public keys must first be exchanged between client
   and server.

   This document formally describes an existing public-key file format
   which can be used with any of the common existing file transfer
   mechanisms in order to exchange public keys.

   The SSH protocol also uses public/private key pairs to authenticate
   the server.  In this scenario, it is important to verify that the
   public key provided by the server is indeed the server's public-key.
   This document describes a mechanism for creating a short text string
   that uniquely represents a particular public key, called
   fingerprinting.

































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3.  Key File Format

   In order to implement public key authentication, SSH implementations
   must share public key files between the client and the server in
   order to interoperate.

   A key file is a text file, containing a sequence of lines.  Each line
   in the file MUST NOT be longer than 72 8-bit bytes excluding line
   termination characters.

3.1.  Line Termination Characters

   Implementations SHOULD generate public key files using their system's
   local text file representation.

   In the event that public key files are not transferred as text files,
   implementations SHOULD be prepared to read files using any of the
   common line termination sequence, <CR>, <LF> or <CR><LF>.

3.2.  Begin and End Markers

   The first line of a conforming key file MUST be a begin marker, which
   is the literal text:

   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----

   The last line of a conforming key file MUST be an end marker, which
   is the literal text:

   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----

3.3.  Key File Header

   The key file header section consists of multiple RFC822-style header
   fields.  Each field is a line of the following format:

   Header-tag ':' ' ' Header-value

   The Header-tag MUST NOT be more than 64 8-bit bytes, and is case-
   insensitive.  The Header-value MUST NOT be more than 1024 8-bit
   bytes.  Each line in the header MUST NOT be more than 72 8-bit bytes.

   A line is continued if the last character in the line is a '\'.  If
   the last character of a line is a '\', then the logical contents of
   the line is formed by removing the '\' and the line termination
   characters, and appending the contents of the next line.

   The Header-tag MUST be encoded in US-ASCII.  The Header-value MUST be



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   encoded in UTF-8.  [RFC3629]

   A line that is not a continuation line that has no ':' in it is the
   first line of the base 64 encoded body (See Section 3.4.)

   The space of header-tags is managed as described in Section 5.

   Compliant implementations MUST ignore headers with unrecognized
   header-tags.  Implementations SHOULD preserve such unrecognized
   headers when manipulating the key file.

3.3.1.  Subject Header

   This field is used to store the login-name that the key was generated
   under.  For example:

   Subject: user

3.3.2.  Comment Header

   The comment header contains a user specified comment.  The comment
   SHOULD be displayed when using the key.

   It is suggested that this field default to user@hostname for the user
   and machine used to generate the key.  For example:

   Comment: user@example.com

   Currently, common practice is to quote the Header-value of the
   Comment by prefixing and suffixing it with '"' characters, and some
   existing implementations fail if these quotation marks are omitted.

   Compliant implementations MUST function correctly if the quotation
   marks are omitted.

   Implementations MAY include the quotation marks.  If the first and
   last characters of the Header-value are matching quotation marks,
   implementations SHOULD remove them before using the value.

3.3.3.  Private Use Headers

   Headers with header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for private
   use.

3.4.  Public Key File Body

   The body of a public-key file is the base64 encoded ([RFC2045])
   public-key data as specified by [RFC4253], section 6.6:



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         string    certificate or public key format identifier
         byte[n]   key/certificate data

   As with all other lines, each line in the body MUST NOT be longer
   than 72 8-bit bytes excluding line termination characters.

3.5.  Differences with RFC1421 PEM formats

   Implementers should take care to notice that while the format is
   superficially similar to those specified by PEM [RFC1421] and OpenPGP
   [RFC2440], it is not identical; most notably:

   o  The other specifications use different BEGIN/END delimiters (five
      dashes, no space rather than four dashes and a space).

   o  There is no blank line before the start of the base64-encoded
      contents.

   o  There is no CRC at the end of the base64-encoded block.

   o  Header continuation uses a backslash at the end of the continued
      line rather then whitespace at the start of the next line.

3.6.  Examples

   The following are some example public key files that are compliant
   (note that the examples all wrap before 72 bytes to meet ietf
   document requirements; however, they are still compliant.)

   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Comment: "1024-bit RSA, converted from OpenSSH by me@example.com"
   x-command: /home/galb/bin/lock-in-guest.sh
   AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEA1on8gxCGJJWSRT4uOrR13mUaUk0hRf4RzxSZ1zRb
   YYFw8pfGesIFoEuVth4HKyF8k1y4mRUnYHP1XNMNMJl1JcEArC2asV8sHf6zSPVffozZ
   5TT4SfsUu/iKy9lUcCfXzwre4WWZSXXcPff+EHtWshahu3WzBdnGxm5Xoi89zcE=
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----















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   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Comment: This is my public key for use on \
   servers which I don't like.
   AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAPY8ZOHY2yFSJA6XYC9HRwNHxaehvx5wOJ0rzZdzoSOXxbET
   W6ToHv8D1UJ/z+zHo9Fiko5XybZnDIaBDHtblQ+Yp7StxyltHnXF1YLfKD1G4T6JYrdH
   YI14Om1eg9e4NnCRleaqoZPF3UGfZia6bXrGTQf3gJq2e7Yisk/gF+1VAAAAFQDb8D5c
   vwHWTZDPfX0D2s9Rd7NBvQAAAIEAlN92+Bb7D4KLYk3IwRbXblwXdkPggA4pfdtW9vGf
   J0/RHd+NjB4eo1D+0dix6tXwYGN7PKS5R/FXPNwxHPapcj9uL1Jn2AWQ2dsknf+i/FAA
   vioUPkmdMc0zuWoSOEsSNhVDtX3WdvVcGcBq9cetzrtOKWOocJmJ80qadxTRHtUAAACB
   AN7CY+KKv1gHpRzFwdQm7HK9bb1LAo2KwaoXnadFgeptNBQeSXG1vO+JsvphVMBJc9HS
   n24VYtYtsMu74qXviYjziVucWKjjKEb11juqnF0GDlB3VVmxHLmxnAz643WK42Z7dLM5
   sY29ouezv4Xz2PuMch5VGPP+CDqzCM4loWgV
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----


   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Comment: DSA Public Key for use with MyIsp
   AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAPY8ZOHY2yFSJA6XYC9HRwNHxaehvx5wOJ0rzZdzoSOXxbET
   W6ToHv8D1UJ/z+zHo9Fiko5XybZnDIaBDHtblQ+Yp7StxyltHnXF1YLfKD1G4T6JYrdH
   YI14Om1eg9e4NnCRleaqoZPF3UGfZia6bXrGTQf3gJq2e7Yisk/gF+1VAAAAFQDb8D5c
   vwHWTZDPfX0D2s9Rd7NBvQAAAIEAlN92+Bb7D4KLYk3IwRbXblwXdkPggA4pfdtW9vGf
   J0/RHd+NjB4eo1D+0dix6tXwYGN7PKS5R/FXPNwxHPapcj9uL1Jn2AWQ2dsknf+i/FAA
   vioUPkmdMc0zuWoSOEsSNhVDtX3WdvVcGcBq9cetzrtOKWOocJmJ80qadxTRHtUAAACB
   AN7CY+KKv1gHpRzFwdQm7HK9bb1LAo2KwaoXnadFgeptNBQeSXG1vO+JsvphVMBJc9HS
   n24VYtYtsMu74qXviYjziVucWKjjKEb11juqnF0GDlB3VVmxHLmxnAz643WK42Z7dLM5
   sY29ouezv4Xz2PuMch5VGPP+CDqzCM4loWgV
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----


   ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
   Subject: galb
   Comment: 1024-bit rsa, created by me@example.com Mon Jan 15 08:31:24 2001
   AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABJQAAAIEAiPWx6WM4lhHNedGfBpPJNPpZ7yKu+dnn1SJejgt4
   596k6YjzGGphH2TUxwKzxcKDKKezwkpfnxPkSMkuEspGRt/aZZ9wa++Oi7Qkr8prgHc4
   soW6NUlfDzpvZK2H5E7eQaSeP3SAwGmQKUFHCddNaP0L+hM7zhFNzjFvpaMgJw0=
   ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----















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4.  Public Key Fingerprints

   The security of the SSH protocols relies on the verification of
   public host keys.  Since public keys tend to be very large, it is
   difficult for a human to verify an entire host key.  Even with a PKI
   in place, it is useful to have a standard for exchanging short
   fingerprints of public keys.

   This section formally describes the method of generating public key
   fingerprints that is in common use in the SSH community.

   The fingerprint of a public key consists of the output of the MD5
   message-digest algorithm [RFC1321].  The input to the algorithm is
   the public-key data as specified by [RFC4253].  (This is the same
   data that is base64 encoded to form the body of the public-key file.)

   The output of the algorithm is presented to the user as a sequence of
   16 octets printed as hexadecimal with lowercase letters and separated
   by colons.

   For example: "c1:b1:30:29:d7:b8:de:6c:97:77:10:d7:46:41:63:87"






























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5.  IANA Considerations

   Section 3.3 defines a new namespace of "Header-tags".  These are US-
   ASCII strings of maximum length 64 characters, and are case-
   insensitive.

   IANA is requested to create and maintain a registry of these header-
   tags.  The registry will map each header-tag to a reference defining
   the header.

   The initial contents of the registry are as follows:

      subject defined in Section 3.3.1

      comment defined in Section 3.3.2

   Header-tags beginning with "x-" are reserved for Private Use, as
   defined in [RFC2434].

   All other allocations are to be made by IETF Consensus, as defined in
   [RFC2434].






























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6.  Security Considerations

   The file format described by this document provides no mechanism to
   verify the integrity or otherwise detect tampering with the data
   stored in such files.  Given the potential of an adversarial
   tampering with this data, system-specific measures (e.g.  Access
   Control Lists, UNIX permissions, other Discretionary and/or Mandatory
   Access Controls) SHOULD be used to protect these files.  Also, if the
   contents of these files are transferred it SHOULD be done over a
   trusted channel.

   The header data allowed by this file format could contain an
   unlimited range of information.  While in many environments the
   information conveyed by this header data may be considered innocuous
   public information, it may constitute a channel through which
   information about a user, a key or its use may be disclosed
   intentionally or otherwise (e.g "Comment: Mary E. Jones, 123 Main St,
   Home Phone:...").  The presence and use of this header data SHOULD be
   reviewed by sites that deploy this file format.

   The public-key fingerprint method presented here relies on the MD5
   one-way hash function, which is known to have certain weaknesses
   regarding its collision resistance; however, the particular use made
   of MD5 here depends solely on its 2nd-preimage resistance, not on its
   collision resistance.

   MD5 is used here for historical reasons.
























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7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC1321]  Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321,
              April 1992.

   [RFC2045]  Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
              Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message
              Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC3629]  Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO
              10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003.

   [RFC4253]  Ylonen, T. and C. Lonvick, "The Secure Shell (SSH)
              Transport Layer Protocol", RFC 4253, January 2006.

   [RFC2434]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434,
              October 1998.

7.2.  Informative References

   [RFC1421]  Linn, J., "Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic
              Mail: Part I: Message Encryption and Authentication
              Procedures", RFC 1421, February 1993.

   [RFC2440]  Callas, J., Donnerhacke, L., Finney, H., and R. Thayer,
              "OpenPGP Message Format", RFC 2440, November 1998.



















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Authors' Addresses

   Joseph Galbraith
   VanDyke Software
   4848 Tramway Ridge Blvd
   Suite 101
   Albuquerque, NM  87111
   US

   Phone: +1 505 332 5700
   Email: galb-list@vandyke.com


   Rodney Thayer
   The Tillerman Group
   370 Altair Way, PMB 321
   Sunnyvale, CA  94086

   Phone: +1 408 757 9693
   Email: rodney@tillerman.to































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Intellectual Property Statement

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
   Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
   pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
   this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
   might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
   made any independent effort to identify any such rights.  Information
   on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
   found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
   assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
   attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
   such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
   specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
   http://www.ietf.org/ipr.

   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
   copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
   rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
   this standard.  Please address the information to the IETF at
   ietf-ipr@ietf.org.


Disclaimer of Validity

   This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
   OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
   ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
   INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
   INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
   WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).  This document is subject
   to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and
   except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.


Acknowledgment

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.




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--------------010301040702070408030100--

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:08 2006
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 "Wed, 22 Mar 2006 20:59:56 -0700")
To: Joseph Galbraith <galb-list@vandyke.com>
Cc: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
References: <44221D3C.6000009@vandyke.com> <44221D3C.6000009@vandyke.com>
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Subject: Re: Please publish attached draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt
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Message-ID: <tslk6aljk5x.fsf@cz.mit.edu>



*sigh*

I realize that my original message was much less clear than could have
been useful.

1) IANA was holding office hours Monday through Wednesday at the
     meeting.  I was really hoping that someone who cared about this
     draft would physically go talk to IANA.  Sadly, it is past
     Wednesday.


2) Publishing a new draft was not such a good idea.  If It comes out
today, then we may be OK, but I was really hoping for new text
approved by IANA that I could include in an RFC editor note.

I believe I've already mentioned once for this draft that new versions
should not be submitted without explicit approval of the AD.


We'll see what we can do if you can get IANA approval by Friday.

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References: <44221D3C.6000009@vandyke.com> <tslk6aljk5x.fsf@cz.mit.edu> <tslk6aljk5x.fsf@cz.mit.edu>
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Sam Hartman wrote:
> 
> *sigh*
> 
> I realize that my original message was much less clear than could have
> been useful.
> 
> 1) IANA was holding office hours Monday through Wednesday at the
>      meeting.  I was really hoping that someone who cared about this
>      draft would physically go talk to IANA.  Sadly, it is past
>      Wednesday.

Ahh... sorry, I didn't have that option-- not physically in
the region.

> 2) Publishing a new draft was not such a good idea.  If It comes out
> today, then we may be OK, but I was really hoping for new text
> approved by IANA that I could include in an RFC editor note.
> 
> I believe I've already mentioned once for this draft that new versions
> should not be submitted without explicit approval of the AD.

I'm sorry... I must not have read that email thoroughly
enough.

> We'll see what we can do if you can get IANA approval by Friday.

I'm not sure if you are asking me to do something
else at this point, or just saying if it happens,
good, else bad.

Is there something I should do at this point?  If
so, what?

Thanks,

Joseph

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Content-Disposition: inline
Subject: IETF mailing list archive for SECSH WG not being updated
Precedence: list
Sender: ietf-ssh-owner@NetBSD.org
X-Original-To: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
Message-ID: <20060323183916.GB6130@chiark.greenend.org.uk>

The IETF archive for the SECSH working group mailing list at
  <ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf-mail-archive/secsh/>
does not appear to have been updated since February 10. There has been
list traffic since then.

When this happened before, a WG member said that NetBSD have an
archive which can probably be used to fill in any gaps, if necessary.
I don't know if that's still true.

From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:05:08 2006
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References: <rt-85608@Inquiry>
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From: "Scott Blomquist via RT" <ietf-action@ietf.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Mar 2006 15:40:47 -0500
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Subject: [Inquiry #85608] IETF mailing list archive for SECSH WG not being updated 
RT-Originator: ietf-admin@techsquare.com
Precedence: list
Sender: ietf-ssh-owner@NetBSD.org
RT-Ticket: Inquiry #85608
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> [ietf-ssh@netbsd.org - Thu Mar 23 13:49:59 2006]:
> 
> The IETF archive for the SECSH working group mailing list at
>   <ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf-mail-archive/secsh/>
> does not appear to have been updated since February 10. There has been
> list traffic since then.
> 
> When this happened before, a WG member said that NetBSD have an
> archive which can probably be used to fill in any gaps, if necessary.
> I don't know if that's still true.
> 

Ok I have re-subscribed an address here.  I could not find any text
archives.  Have any pointers?

sb.  Scott Blomquist

From ietf-ssh-owner@NetBSD.org Fri Mar 24 20:24:17 2006
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--

Welcome to the ietf-ssh mailing list!

Please save this message for future reference.  Thank you.

If you ever want to remove yourself from this mailing list,
you can send mail to <majordomo@NetBSD.org> with the following
command in the body of your email message:

    unsubscribe ietf-ssh

or from another account, besides secsh-tyoxbijeg7-archive@lists.ietf.org:

    unsubscribe ietf-ssh secsh-tyoxbijeg7-archive@lists.ietf.org

If you ever need to get in contact with the owner of the list,
(if you have trouble unsubscribing, or have questions about the
list itself) send email to <owner-ietf-ssh@NetBSD.org> .
This is the general rule for most mailing lists when you need
to contact a human.

 Here's the general information for the list you've subscribed to,
 in case you don't already have it:

This mailing list hosts the IETF Secure Shell working group, founded
to produce an IETF standard based on the popular "SSH" protocol.

See http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/secsh-charter.html for more
information regarding the working group and the current status of its
documents.

If you are unfamiliar with the IETF, you should review
http://www.ietf.org/overview.html for an overview of the IETF and its
standards process.

Participation from any interested party is welcome.  New subscribers
are encouraged to review the recent archives of the list.

[This list was formerly hosted at ietf-ssh@clinet.fi, but has been
moved here due to reliability problems with the old host.]



From recovered-from-private-archive Thu Mar 23 23:50:02 2006
Content-Type: Multipart/Mixed; Boundary="NextPart"
To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
Cc: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
Mime-Version: 1.0
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
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Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt 
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Shell Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: SSH Public Key File Format
	Author(s)	: J. Galbraith, R. Thayer
	Filename	: draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt
	Pages		: 14
	Date		: 2006-3-23
	
This document formally documents an existing public key file format
   in use for exchanging public keys between different SSH
   implementations.

   In addition, this document defines a standard textual representation
   for SSH public key fingerprints.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt

To remove yourself from the I-D Announcement list, send a message to 
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You can also visit https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/I-D-announce 
to change your subscription settings.


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
"anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
type "cd internet-drafts" and then
	"get draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt".

A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html 
or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt


Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.

Send a message to:
	mailserv@ietf.org.
In the body type:
	"FILE /internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt".
	
NOTE:	The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
	MIME-encoded form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this
	feature, insert the command "ENCODING mime" before the "FILE"
	command.  To decode the response(s), you will need "munpack" or
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	"multipart" MIME messages (i.e. documents which have been split
	up into multiple messages), so check your local documentation on
	how to manipulate these messages.
		
		
Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
Internet-Draft.

--NextPart
Content-Type: Multipart/Alternative; Boundary="OtherAccess"

--OtherAccess
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	access-type="mail-server";
	server="mailserv@ietf.org"

Content-Type: text/plain
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ENCODING mime
FILE /internet-drafts/draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt

--OtherAccess
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	name="draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-13.txt";
	site="ftp.ietf.org";
	access-type="anon-ftp";
	directory="internet-drafts"

Content-Type: text/plain
Content-ID:	<2006-3-23165528.I-D@ietf.org>

--OtherAccess--

--NextPart--

From recovered-from-private-archive Fri Mar 23 23:55:31 2006
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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
To: Scott Blomquist via RT <ietf-action@ietf.org>
Cc: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
Mime-Version: 1.0
From: Jacob Nevins <jacobn+secsh@chiark.greenend.org.uk>
Date: Thu, 23 Mar 2006 23:55:31 +0000
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Delivered-To: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
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Subject: Re: [Inquiry #85608] IETF mailing list archive for SECSH WG not being updated
Precedence: list
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Message-ID: <20060323235531.GA20807@chiark.greenend.org.uk>

Scott Blomquist writes:
> [Jacob Nevins:]
> > When this happened before, a WG member said that NetBSD have an
> > archive which can probably be used to fill in any gaps, if necessary.
> > I don't know if that's still true.
> 
> Ok I have re-subscribed an address here.  I could not find any text
> archives.  Have any pointers?

I don't know about any NetBSD archive, but I do have access to a local
archive which covers the relevant period, in fact. I've cleaned it up
and will send it to you under separate cover.

From recovered-from-private-archive Fri Mar 24 14:58:42 2006
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	id E5FFD63B14C; Fri, 24 Mar 2006 14:58:44 +0000 (UTC)
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	id 40AC2E0053; Fri, 24 Mar 2006 09:58:42 -0500 (EST)
Delivered-To: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
Subject: Found way to deal with publickeyfile
Precedence: list
To: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
Sender: ietf-ssh-owner@NetBSD.org
Date: Fri, 24 Mar 2006 09:58:42 -0500 (EST)
X-Original-To: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
Message-ID: <20060324145842.40AC2E0053@carter-zimmerman.mit.edu>



So, assuming that IANA is OK with the text, I think we're done.  I
have it holding in a semi-approved state right now, which will be
sufficient to avoid full re-review by the IESG.


We're now waiting for IANA.

From recovered-from-private-archive Fri Mar 24 20:45:40 2006
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MIME-Version: 1.0
From: "Scott Blomquist via RT" <ietf-action@ietf.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Mar 2006 15:56:40 -0500
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Delivered-To: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
Subject: [Inquiry #85608] IETF mailing list archive for SECSH WG not being updated 
RT-Originator: ietf-admin@techsquare.com
Precedence: list
Sender: ietf-ssh-owner@NetBSD.org
RT-Ticket: Inquiry #85608
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> [ietf-ssh@netbsd.org - Thu Mar 23 20:48:04 2006]:
> 
> Scott Blomquist writes:
> > [Jacob Nevins:]
> > > When this happened before, a WG member said that NetBSD have an
> > > archive which can probably be used to fill in any gaps, if necessary.
> > > I don't know if that's still true.
> > 
> > Ok I have re-subscribed an address here.  I could not find any text
> > archives.  Have any pointers?
> 
> I don't know about any NetBSD archive, but I do have access to a local
> archive which covers the relevant period, in fact. I've cleaned it up
> and will send it to you under separate cover.
> 
> 
> 

Thanks.  I have put both files in place and I have confirmed the
subscription so I should be getting updates now.

sb. Scott Blomquist

From bounces-ietf-ssh-owner-secsh-tyoxbijeg7-archive=lists.ietf.org@NetBSD.org Tue Mar 28 14:54:03 2006
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Subject: SECURECOMM 2006 - Extended Deadline
Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 14:53:37 -0500
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Dear Colleague,

Despite the large number of submissions attracted so far, many extension
requests were made. We therefore announce a (final) one-week extension
to the Securecomm 2006 submisison deadline -- April 8, PST.

The CFP is attached below.=20
The complete information is available on the website:
   www.securecomm.org

We apologize if you receive multiple copies of this message. Please feel
free to distribute this to colleagues who might be interested.

Best Regards,

SecureComm 2006 Organizing Committee

*******************************************************************

                           CALL FOR PAPERS

                           SecureComm 2006

      Second IEEE Communications Society/CreateNet International
       Conference on Security and Privacy in Communication
       				Networks

	      Baltimore, MD, USA, Aug. 28 - Sep. 1, 2006

                    URL: http://www.securecomm.org

                           CO-SPONSORED BY:
             IEEE Communications Society (www.comsoc.org)
                    CreateNet (www.create-net.it)

		    In Cooperation with ACM SIGSAC

*******************************************************************

The scope of Securecomm 2006 has been broadened since the inaugural
2005 event. Topics of interest encompass research advances in ALL areas
of secure communications and networking. Topics in other areas (e.g.,
formal methods, database security, secure OS/software, theoretical
cryptography, e-commerce) will be considered only if a clear connection
to privacy and/or security in communication/networking is demonstrated.

Securecomm aims to bring together security and privacy experts in
academia, industry and government as well as practitioners, standards
developers and policy makers.  Securecomm also serves as a venue for
learning about state-of-the-art in security and privacy research.
Presentations reporting on cutting-edge research results are
supplemented by panels on controversial issues and invited talks on
timely and important topics.

Areas of interest include, but ARE NOT limited to, the following:
-----------------------------------------------------------------

* Security & Privacy in Wired, Wireless, Mobile, Hybrid, Sensor, Ad Hoc
   networks
* Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention, DoS Countermeasures
* Firewalls, Routers, Filters and Malware detectors
* Public Key Infrastructures and Other Security Architectures
* Secure Web Communication
* Communication Privacy and Anonymity
* Secure/Private E-commerce
* Secure Routing, Naming/Addressing, Network Management
* Security & Privacy in Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, e.g., RFIDs

PAPERS: Technical papers describing original unpublished research are
solicited. Submissions must not be concurrently under review by a
conference, journal or any other venue that has proceedings.  Authors of
the highest-quality accepted papers will be invited to submit extended
version of their papers to a special issue of ACM Transactions on
Information and System Security (TISSEC).

SHORT PAPERS: Continuing with the last year's model, in addition to full
papers, Securecomm 2006 invites submission of pithy concise technical
papers (also describing original unpublished research). Such papers may
represent work-in-progress or small -- yet novel -- research results
that do not warrant a full paper.

SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS: Only PDF formats are accepted for all
submissions. Full paper submissions must not exceed 10 pages in IEEE
conference style, two-column format, not including the bibliography.
Well-marked appendices of up to 2 pages are allowed but will be read
only at the discretion of reviewers.  Short paper submissions are
limited to 5 pages total.

IEEE Communications Society and Create-Net policy states that all
accepted SecureComm 2006 papers must have at least one registration at
the regular rate. For authors co-authoring multiple papers, one regular
registration is valid for up to two papers.

All submitted papers will be judged based on their quality through
*double-blind* reviewing, where the identities of the authors are
withheld from the reviewers.  Authors' names must not appear in the
paper PDF file. Please submit the paper through the COCUS System using
the following three steps.

1. By clicking on the link "http://cocus.create-net.it" you will be
   re-directed to the COCUS site. Click on Register to create an
account,
   if you do not have one.
2. Once you have an account, log in and click on Event List. Scroll down
   to* SECURECOMM *and choose the Submit Paper Link.
3. Fill in the details (title, authors, abstract, classifications,
   etc) and register the paper by March 24, 2006. Full paper must be
   uploaded by April 1, 2006.

PANELS: Panels that examine innovative, controversial, or otherwise
provocative issues of interest are solicited.  Panel proposals should
not exceed 3 pages, including biographical sketches of the panelists.
Potential panel organizers should submit proposals to the Panels
Co-Chairs by March 18, 2006.

WORKSHOPS: Workshop proposals on topics related to the broader theme of
the conference are solicited. Workshop proposals should not exceed
3 pages, including biographical sketches of the main organizers,
completed description of the workshop topic and its potential interest
to the community and relevance to Securecomm, and a detailed draft CFP.
Potential workshop organizers should submit proposals to the Workshops
Chair by February 1, 2006.

RESEARCH DEMOS: Informal proposals for research demos are solicited.
Proposals will be reviewed and selection will be made based on the
perceived value to the research community and interest level for the
conference attendees. Proposals should not exceed 3 pages and should
include: the focus area, technologies involved, specific equipment to be
used, demo layout and space required. Please submit proposals to the
Research Demos Chair(s) by June 1, 2006.

IMPORTANT DATES
---------------

TECHNICAL Paper submissions due: March 24, 2006 (Title/Abstract)
				 April 1, 2006 (Full Paper)
NOTIFICATION date:		 May 31, 2006
Camera-ready version due:	 June 24, 2006
Conference Dates:		 Aug. 28 - Sep. 1, 2006

For information regarding the conference, please visit
http://www.securecomm.org or contact one of the Chairs below.

		   CONFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

General Co-Chairs
-----------------

Mukesh Singhal, University of Kentucky, singhal@cs.uky.edu John Baras,
University of Maryland, College Park, baras@isr.umd.edu

Technical Program Co-Chairs
---------------------------

Steve Kent, BBN, kent@bbn.com
Gene Tsudik, UC Irvine,  gts@ics.uci.edu

Workshops Chair
---------------

G. Manimaran, Iowa State University, gmani@iastate.edu

Panels Co-Chairs
----------------

Bruno Crispo, Vrije Universiteit, Netherlands, crispo@few.vu.nl Avishai
Wool, Technion, Israel, yash@eng.tau.ac.il

Research Demos/Exhibits Chair
-----------------------------

Tom Karygiannis, NIST, karygiannis@nist.gov

Sponsorships Chair
------------------

Byrav Ramamurthy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, byrav@cse.unl.edu

Publicity Co-Chairs
-------------------

Peng Liu, Penn State University, pliu@ist.psu.edu Cristina Nita-Rotaru,
Purdue University, crisn@cs.purdue.edu

Publication Chair
-----------------

Farooq Anjum, Telcordia Technologies, fanjum@telcordia.com

Steering Committee:
-------------------

 Imrich Chlamtac (Chair), Create-Net
 Krishna M. Sivalingam (Co-Chair), University of Maryland, Baltimore
County  Gene Tsudik, University of California, Irvine  Brian Bigalke,
(Staff Liaison, IEEE Communications Society)

		   TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE
		   ---------------------------

 N. Asokan	        Nokia Research
 Giuseppe Ateniese	Johns Hopkins University
 Tuomas Aura		Microsoft Research
 Dirk Balfanz		PARC
 Bharat Bhargava	Purdue
 Matt Bishop		University of California, Davis
 Levente Buttyan	Budapest University of Technology
 Srdjan Capkun		Technical University of Denmark
 Claude Castelluccia	Inria Rhone-Alpes
 Tom Chen		Southern Methodist University
 Giovanni Di Crescenzo	Telcordia Research
 Bruno Crispo		Vrije Universitet
 Breno de Medeiros	University of Central Florida
 Robert Deng		Singapore Management University
 Xuhua Ding		Singapore Management University
 Glenn Durfee		PARC
 Bao Feng		Institute for Infocomm Research
 Dieter Gollmann	Technical University of Hamburg-Harb
 Richard Han            University of Colorado at Boulder
 Tom Karygiannis	NIST
 Yongdae Kim		University of Minnessota
 Christopher Kruegel	Technical University of Vienna
 Kwok-Yan Lam		Tsinghua University
 Brian LaMacchia	Microsoft
 Carl Landwehr		University of Maryland
 Wenke Lee		Georgia Tech
 Albert Levi		Sabanci University,
 Ninghui Li		Purdue
 Peng Liu		Pennsylvania State University
 Luigi Mancini		Unversity of Rome - La Sapienza
 Fabio Massacci		University of Trento
 Ludovic Me'		Supelec
 Pietro Michiardi	Eurecom Institute
 Refik Molva		Eurecom Institute
 Mats Naslund		Ericsson Research
 Pekka Nikander		Ericsson Nomadiclab
 Cristina Nita-Rotaru	Purdue
 Radha Poovendran	University of Washington
 Byrav Ramamurthy	University of Nebraska-Lincoln
 Michael Roe		Microsoft Research
 Sanjeev Setia		George Mason University
 Cliff Wang		Army Research Laboratory
 Helen Wang		Microsoft Research
 Ron Watro		BBN
 Dirk Westhoff		NEC Research
 Susanne Wetzel		Stevens Institute of Technology
 Avishai Wool		Tel Aviv University
 Shouhuai Xu		University of Texas, San Antonio
 Xiaowei Yang		University of California, Irvine
 Bulent Yener 		Rensselauer Polytechnic Institute
 Jeong Hyun Yi          Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology
 Jianying Zhou		Institute for Infocomm Research
 Alf Zugenmaier		DoCoMo Labs

************************************************************************




From bounces-ietf-ssh-owner-secsh-tyoxbijeg7-archive=lists.ietf.org@NetBSD.org Wed Mar 29 06:57:46 2006
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Date: Wed, 29 Mar 2006 12:57:39 +0100
From: Jacob Nevins <jacobn+secsh@chiark.greenend.org.uk>
To: Scott Blomquist via RT <ietf-action@ietf.org>
Cc: ietf-ssh@netbsd.org
Subject: Re: [Inquiry #85608] IETF mailing list archive for SECSH WG not being updated
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Scott Blomquist writes:
> Thanks.  I have put both files in place

This is fine, thanks.

> and I have confirmed the subscription so I should be getting updates
> now.

I'm not convinced this is working.

There are five recent messages on the list which are not in the archive
at <ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf-mail-archive/secsh/current>, not including
the one I'm writing now.

One of these arrived after the message I'm replying to:
<90B48DD852C2474C964E296211A9A132010587E9@EMAIL.ist.local>
subject "SECURECOMM 2006 - Extended Deadline".

The only message in 'current' that's not in the copy I sent you is a
"Welcome to ietf-ssh" message.



From bounces-ietf-ssh-owner-secsh-tyoxbijeg7-archive=lists.ietf.org@NetBSD.org Thu Mar 30 16:11:26 2006
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> [ietf-ssh@netbsd.org - Wed Mar 29 06:57:42 2006]:
> 
> Scott Blomquist writes:
> > Thanks.  I have put both files in place
> 
> This is fine, thanks.
> 
> > and I have confirmed the subscription so I should be getting updates
> > now.
> 
> I'm not convinced this is working.
> 
> There are five recent messages on the list which are not in the archive
> at <ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf-mail-archive/secsh/current>, not including
> the one I'm writing now.
> 
> One of these arrived after the message I'm replying to:
> <90B48DD852C2474C964E296211A9A132010587E9@EMAIL.ist.local>
> subject "SECURECOMM 2006 - Extended Deadline".
> 
> The only message in 'current' that's not in the copy I sent you is a
> "Welcome to ietf-ssh" message.
> 

Yah it doesn't seem correct, but the messages that are coming in are
getting there.  The message you sent above got in.  Let's see if this
one gets in.

sb.



