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Date: Tue, 1 Dec 2015 14:05:48 +0000
From: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
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To: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> wrote:
> Monday, Nov 30, 2015 6:02 PM Dave Crocker wrote:
> > On 11/30/2015 2:51 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:

> >> Why would I be relaying mail on?  Only for a mailing list.
> >
> > The most obvious is mailbox aliasing, such as for vanity addresses such
> > as university alumni associations provide.
>
> That's a mailing list with one subscriber.   Same scenario.

Not really. Mailing lists have very different administrative behaviour to
aliases - they change the return path to an administrative address when
forwarding the message whereas aliases do not. RFC 5321 section 3.9.

Tony.
-- 
f.anthony.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
South Biscay, Southeast Fitzroy: Variable 4, becoming southerly 4 or 5.
Moderate or rough. Fair. Good.


From nobody Tue Dec  1 06:55:22 2015
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Date: 1 Dec 2015 14:54:52 -0000
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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
To: ietf-smtp@ietf.org, shutup@ietf.org
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>I think it might be helpful if someone would name or describe a largish 
>site or service provider that uses Recived, and describe how in useful 
>detail. "A spam/virus filter company that handles mail for about x million 
>mailboxes does ...", that kind of thing.

AOL famously uses the second received header to filter mail from
providers that are too large to block but too lazy or incompetent to
do proper outbound filtering on their users' mail.

A few years ago, there was a largish cable ISP* that was gushing spam
from customers through their MTAs and ignored the complaints.  I forgt
whether it was bots, or just customers using desktop spam blasters.
So AOL started 4xx soft failing mail that originated at the naughty
customers, and the ISP's mail servers predictably melted down.  That
finally got their attention and the situation soon improved for
everyone, not just AOL.

R's,
John

* - I know who it was but since they've mended their ways there's no
need to embarass them here.


From nobody Tue Dec  1 06:56:44 2015
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On 12/1/2015 6:05 AM, Tony Finch wrote:
> Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> wrote:
>> Monday, Nov 30, 2015 6:02 PM Dave Crocker wrote:
>>> On 11/30/2015 2:51 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> 
>>>> Why would I be relaying mail on?  Only for a mailing list.
>>>
>>> The most obvious is mailbox aliasing, such as for vanity addresses such
>>> as university alumni associations provide.
>>
>> That's a mailing list with one subscriber.   Same scenario.
> 
> Not really. Mailing lists have very different administrative behaviour to
> aliases - they change the return path to an administrative address when
> forwarding the message whereas aliases do not. RFC 5321 section 3.9.


Yes.  And further...

They typically also have very different formal -- that's meant as
'official', not 'math' -- semantics.

Alias behavior tends to be /very/ close to pure relaying.  It changes
very little in the message, other than the rfc5321.Rcpt-To address.

Mailing lists tend to make massive changes to the original message; they
are taking formal delivery of the message and then post a new message.
For end users, the view is of a single message from original author to
final recipient.  To the email infrastructure it is two (or more)
post/deliver sequences.

Folks seeking to discuss email at this level should consider becoming
familiar with RFC 5598.  It will make careful discussion of email
behavior a lot more consistent...

d/
-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Tue Dec  1 07:42:29 2015
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 9:54 AM John Levine wrote:
> >I think it might be helpful if someone would name or describe a =
largish=20
>>site or service provider that uses Recived, and describe how in =
useful=20
>>detail. =22A spam/virus filter company that handles mail for about x =
million=20
>>mailboxes does ...=22, that kind of thing.
>=20
> AOL famously uses the second received header to filter mail from
> providers that are too large to block but too lazy or incompetent to
> do proper outbound filtering on their users' mail.

Can you describe (or refer to a description) of what was done in sufficient=
 technical detail that we can evaluate whether or not whatever gets =
proposed here would break that functionality, and also whether there was =
any other way to accomplish the same purpose=3F   I don't doubt that this =
story is true, and worth considering, but at the level of detail you've =
provided, it's just a story.


--
Sent from Whiteout Mail - https://whiteout.io

My PGP key: https://keys.whiteout.io/mellon@fugue.=
com
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From nobody Tue Dec  1 08:52:08 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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References: <20151130042819.10658.qmail@ary.lan> <1448858775386-ceecd236-8b11ac04-a03b4438@fugue.com> <glJrvFDUtDXWFA87@highwayman.com> <1448923888960-cb7e590f-f443f8dd-7ec594e1@fugue.com> <565CD58D.9080403@dcrocker.net> <1448924778159-4b16d8e4-631c41b1-52b0fbf2@fugue.com> <605ee74e-863d-47cb-9089-fb83e13e4e38@gulbrandsen.priv.no> <565D9CFC.6070102@pscs.co.uk>
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 8:13 AM Paul Smith wrote:
> Once that document exists, then no one will add the trace fields, because=
 people are paranoid (often rightly so, but not, I believe, in this case). =
They won't read the document fully. It may say 'you can remove IP address =
information from trace headers, but should think long and hard about it =
because doing so may come back to bite you and leaving the information in =
has minimal risk unless you're so stupid you haven't bothered with a =
firewall'. They'll get as far as the first comma, and stop.

I had no idea RFCs were so powerful.

> To be honest, I'm (pleasantly) surprised IP address information is still =
put in Received headers nowadays. IMHO, the fact that it is suggests that =
there's a very good reason for it to stay there.

No, it doesn't.   It suggests that there are one or more reasons why it has=
 stayed there, zero or more of which may be good reasons.

> Many service providers and software publishers 'stretch' the rules =
somewhat, so if this was a big problem without any down-sides, then IP =
addresses would have disappeared from Received: headers some years ago.

We are seeing providers right now disappearing IP address information for =
the submission IP source address, so your logic here would suggest that =
there is in fact a downside to including that information; otherwise it =
would not have disappeared.

> If there were compatibility issues (eg some SMTP servers rejecting mail =
without the IP address info there), then that would still be a problem even=
 if a new RFC comes out, unless SMTP is totally deprecated and a new mail =
standard replaces it.=20

There is no such compatibility issue, because there is no required content =
in Received: header fields (the only thing that's even strongly recommended=
 is =22via=22) .   There is advice about what should be in them.   People =
are able to extract data from them anyway, because implementations tend to =
have default behavior which nobody bothers to change; this behavior tends =
to follow the examples in e.g. RFC 5821.

>If there are no compatibility issues with removing the IP address, then =
why aren't most providers/systems already removing it nowadays=3F

We've already heard that some Email SPs =5Fare=5F removing IP addresses in =
the most obviously problematic case.   The reason they aren't removing IP =
addresses in more cases is quite likely that they are using stock software =
(probably Postfix, but could also be MS Exchange or other products) that =
have default behavior, and they have not been motivated to override the =
default behavior for cases other than the submit source address case, which=
 has the biggest doxing potential.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 08:54:59 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 7:27 AM Arnt Gulbrandsen wrote:
>> Sure, but in this case wouldn't deferring to the end systems> argue in =
favor of allowing end systems to make the decision as> to whether their =
private information should be exposed=3F
>=20
> As I see it, that's not the question here. The question is: Should there =
be an RFC that can be used/misused to apply pressure regarding trace fields=
 etc=3F

Yes, I agree that this is what we are discussing.   I think it's pretty =
clear that for Received header fields that refer to the IP address of the =
end-user, the answer is =22yes, there should be such an RFC.=22   I haven't=
 heard anyone seriously propose that this is not true, although I'd be =
interested to hear such an argument!


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 09:03:23 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 11:51 AM Ted Lemon wrote:
> There is no such compatibility issue, because there is no required =
content in Received: header fields (the only thing that's even strongly =
recommended is =22via=22) .=20

Oops, this isn't true--as Arnt mentioned, RFC 5321 does require the =
presence of a from clause in the Received header field, although it says it=
 SHOULD, not MUST, contain the name and IP address of host that was the =
previous hop.   This doesn't change anything, since there's explicit advice=
 not to drop messages simply because they fail to meet this requirement.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 09:29:24 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 12:11 PM Steve Atkins wrote:
> > On Dec 1, 2015, at 8:54 AM, Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> wrote:
>>=20
>> Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 7:27 AM Arnt Gulbrandsen wrote:
>>>> Sure, but in this case wouldn't deferring to the end systems> argue in=
 favor of allowing end systems to make the decision as> to whether their =
private information should be exposed=3F
>>>=20
>>> As I see it, that's not the question here. The question is: Should =
there be an RFC that can be used/misused to apply pressure regarding trace =
fields etc=3F
>>=20
>> Yes, I agree that this is what we are discussing.   I think it's pretty =
clear that for Received header fields that refer to the IP address of the =
end-user, the answer is =22yes, there should be such an RFC.=22   I haven't=
 heard anyone seriously propose that this is not true, although I'd be =
interested to hear such an argument!

> When people routinely hide their identities - to the extent that a =
recipient cannot tell that two emails were sent by the same person - that =
eliminates many social and technical pressures on bad behaviour. But it =
*also* removes the ability for people to help them when their endpoints =
have been compromised.

Your entire argument relies on this point, so I will just respond to this =
one point; I don't disagree with what you say afterwards, but I think that =
you are wrong in suggesting that obfuscating the Received: header field for=
 the email submission causes the problem you say it does.

The claim you have made is that the person submitting the email is hiding =
their identity, but this is not the case.   First, they have to prove their=
 identity in order to submit the mail in the first place, most likely.   =
Secondly, their IP address is visible to the submit server, and is likely =
logged.   It is the submit server that, we are theorizing, should hide =
their identity.

The entity responsible for providing support to =5Fthat person=5F is the =
entity that operates the SMTP submit server.   That entity knows the end =
user's identity, and knows what IP address they used to submit the email.  =
 So they are not prevented from providing the support that you rightly say =
they should provide.

It is certainly true that if the submit server is not operated by a =
responsible entity, then we have a problem.   The right fix for that =
problem is probably something similar to what John has said AOL did in a =
similar situation: start greylisting mail from that provider so that the =
high rate of spam chokes their queues, and they will start to be more =
proactive in addressing problems.

There is no need to violate the privacy of legitimate end-users who are =
doing nothing wrong in order to address this problem.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 09:40:50 2015
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>Yes, I agree that this is what we are discussing.   I think it's pretty clear that for
>Received header fields that refer to the IP address of the end-user, the answer is "yes,
>there should be such an RFC."   I haven't heard anyone seriously propose that this is not
>true, although I'd be interested to hear such an argument!

Of course there is such an RFC.  RFC 6409 refers to RFC 5321 which
describes the content of the Received header in section 4.4.  It
includes the IP address from which the message was received.

If, perhaps, you are wondering if there should be an RFC that updates
that advice to say to do something else, that's totally unresolved,
since nobody yet has made a plausible argument of what to change and
why there would be an overall benefit from doing so.

Until we look at the actual costs and benefits, it's grossly premature
to propose any changes.

R's,
John


From nobody Tue Dec  1 09:50:53 2015
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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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>It is certainly true that if the submit server is not operated by a responsible entity, then
>we have a problem.   The right fix for that problem is probably something similar to what
>John has said AOL did in a similar situation: start greylisting mail from that provider so
>that the high rate of spam chokes their queues, and they will start to be more proactive in
>addressing problems.

Ah, OK.  As I said, AOL used the IP addresess of the naughty users,
logged in the received headers in the incoming mail, to decide what to
reject.  (It wasn't greylisting since they rejected it every time the
ISP retried.)  Without those IPs they couldn't have done it, since
they certainly weren't going to reject legitimate mail from the other
users.

I'm glad to see that we now agree that logging the submission IP
addresses provides important security benefits.

R's,
John


From nobody Tue Dec  1 09:58:13 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 12:40 PM John Levine wrote:
> Of course there is such an RFC.  RFC 6409 refers to RFC 5321 which
> describes the content of the Received header in section 4.4.  It
> includes the IP address from which the message was received.

That's the latest version of the SMTP submit spec, not a document about =
Received: header field privacy.

> If, perhaps, you are wondering if there should be an RFC that updates
> that advice to say to do something else, that's totally unresolved,
> since nobody yet has made a plausible argument of what to change and
> why there would be an overall benefit from doing so.

The benefit is pretty obvious.   If my IP address and identity information =
appears in a Received: header field, then I can't send mail to a public =
mailing list without revealing to the world geolocation information that =
could be used for doxxing/swatting me, or for various other nefarious =
activities, and I can't send email to an individual unless I am willing to =
reveal that information to that individual.   And I can't send email =
through any server operated by anyone to whom I do not wish to reveal that =
information.

These may not feel like important issues to you, but for some people they =
are life-or-death issues, and there really is a tradeoff to be made between=
 the freedom of people in that situation to speak, and the freedom of the =
operators of mail servers to surveil them, even when that surveillance has =
a good motive behind it.   The problem is that it's not =5Fjust=5F the =
people who need the information who get it.

> Until we look at the actual costs and benefits, it's grossly premature
> to propose any changes.

Right, that's why I keep asking questions.   It's easy to read a series of =
questions as leading to a conclusion, and of course there is a conclusion =
that seems to be indicated here, but if I didn't care about your opinion =
and knowledge on this topic, I wouldn't be asking you questions.


--
Sent from Whiteout Mail - https://whiteout.io

My PGP key: https://keys.whiteout.io/mellon@fugue.=
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From nobody Tue Dec  1 10:06:46 2015
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On Tue, Dec 1, 2015 at 6:56 AM, Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> wrote:

> Folks seeking to discuss email at this level should consider becoming
> familiar with RFC 5598.  It will make careful discussion of email
> behavior a lot more consistent...

And in regard to indirect mail flows, may I recommend
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-dmarc-interoperability/


--Kurt Andersen


From nobody Tue Dec  1 10:19:06 2015
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On 12/01/2015 12:58 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:

| These may not feel like important issues to you, but for some
| people they are life-or-death issues, and there really is a
| tradeoff to be made between the freedom of people in that situation
| to speak, and the freedom of the operators of mail servers to
| surveil them, even when that surveillance has a good motive behind
| it.   The problem is that it's not _just_ the people who need the
| information who get it.

We appreciate that, but there already are plenty of special purpose
infrastructures that are perfectly capable of doing what you want when
you want.  People who want it already have it.  No reason to encourage
the breakage of "good purpose surveillance" (such as spam/abuse
filtering or infected machine remediation) all the time, because a
very small number perhaps only occasionally needs it.

It doesn't have to be either/or.  It's both now.  Not sure we need to
rock that boat.  Hence a WG to answer that question.
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From nobody Tue Dec  1 10:22:06 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 12/01/2015 11:51 AM, Ted Lemon wrote:

| We are seeing providers right now disappearing IP address
| information for the submission IP source address, so your logic
| here would suggest that there is in fact a downside to including
| that information; otherwise it would not have disappeared.

What we have now is a very small number of providers doing this on
purpose (I can count the number of major providers doing it with the
fingers of one hand), and a still very small, but marginally larger
set of providers not providing it because their infrastructure doesn't
know what it is and/or their software just doesn't do it for one
reason or another.

On the other hand, we can see that that the lack of that information
presents difficulties to filtering technologies.  When you get a
series of harassing emails from a given site originating from a given
user that's forging from lines and mutating content, you have nothing
concrete to filter on to distinguish it from other email from the same
provider.

Leaving you with an all or nothing situation of blocking the whole
provider.  Which isn't a big drawback if the provider is good at
stopping abuse because the problem won't last long, but, the largest
provider in question often isn't, especially in the case of individual
harrassment.  Indeed, without that information being present (or not
being accessible without great effort using the provider's server
logs), it can cause significant difficulty for the provider doing
anything about it even if they wanted to.  IOW: if even the provider
doesn't know where it's coming from (or if finding out is too
expensive to do at scale), then everybody (including the poor user
with the infected box) is SOL.

One of your other points is that the received lines aren't
standardized.  Well, yes, that's true.  But that is in fact an
advantage to filters.  The simple fact of different
formats/idiosyncratic behaviour gives filtering technologies more
leverage to make filtering decisions that have nothing whatsoever to
do with IP addresses.  We use this sort of information to great
benefit - as do the largest email providers.

"Standardized" or not, Received lines provide a rich detail of fodder
for filtering, whether or not the filter manages to understand what
the received line is trying to say about where the email allegedly
came from or how it got there.  The IP could just as easily be a
non-reversible encrypted blob unique to the sending user that only the
provider understands, but the receiver can filter on.

I say "allegedly", because the actual source (personal attribution) of
the email is generally irrelevant to filtering. Our primary goal is
stopping the trash, a secondary goal is helping the infectee fix their
problem, but if the provider wants to interfere with the latter, well,
we can live with it.
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From nobody Tue Dec  1 10:43:58 2015
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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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>These may not feel like important issues to you, but for some people they are life-or-death issues, and
>there really is a tradeoff to be made between the freedom of people in that situation to speak, and the
>freedom of the operators of mail servers to surveil them, even when that surveillance has a good motive
>behind it.   The problem is that it's not _just_ the people who need the information who get it.

If you're depending on the header writing practices of random
submission servers to keep you from being doxxed, you're not very
bright.  The doxxing crowd routinely use social engineering to call up
and get people to provide the information from the logs.

If you really need to keep your location private, use a Tor connection
to gmail or yahoo webmail.

R's,
John


From nobody Tue Dec  1 10:46:58 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
To: shutup@ietf.org
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 12:57 PM Ned Freed wrote:
>> I think it might be helpful if someone would name or describe a largish
>> site or service provider that uses Recived, and describe how in useful
>> detail. =22A spam/virus filter company that handles mail for about x =
million
>> mailboxes does ...=22, that kind of thing.
>=20
> First, people have already been referred to SpamAssassin, which most =
definitely
> does perform various checks on Received: fields. The code is out there; =
all
> you need to do is look.

Looking at the code isn't all that interesting, but given that it's =
available, what =5Fwould=5F be interesting would be to try Spamassassin =
with and without, e.g., the Received: header field from the initial submit,=
 on the same corpus of mail, and see how the effectiveness of the filtering=
 changes.

> Second, good luck on getting anyone to comment on the details of their =
own
> secret sauce, or for that matter getting anyone who has learned such =
details
> through business relationships. All such information is pretty much =
guaranteed
> to be covered by confidentiality or nondisclosure agreements.

This is probably true, but the effect of it is that we should not consider =
assertions people make that they can't justify.  It's actually not that =
useful to know what specific heuristics people are using.   What would be =
more interesting would be to do A/B testing as I suggest above, using their=
 proprietary solution.   It seems to me that that could in principle happen=
 without disclosing the information that these organizations don't want to =
disclose.   If they don't care enough to make such information available, =
it's likely that it's because they don't see the issue as being =
sufficiently important, which is to say they don't think Received: headers =
make enough difference to be worth arguing about.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 11:04:23 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
To: shutup@ietf.org
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 1:43 PM John Levine wrote:
> If you're depending on the header writing practices of random
> submission servers to keep you from being doxxed, you're not very
> bright.

Can we dispense with the insults=3F   How does this add value to the =
discussion=3F

> The doxxing crowd routinely use social engineering to call up
> and get people to provide the information from the logs.

Yes, and sometimes they succeed, and the times that they succeed, that's =
when the harm they do makes the news.   The times they fail, we don't hear =
about.

> If you really need to keep your location private, use a Tor connection
> to gmail or yahoo webmail.

As a rule, people don't know they need a specific kind of privacy until =
it's too late.   People who are, at present, in the happy state of not =
knowing they need privacy are in that state for one of two reasons.   One, =
they haven't actually said anything to offend some random 13-year-old =
sociopath out on the Internet yet.   Two, the privacy safeguards that they =
need are in place, and the sociopath they offended fails to get their info.=


What we are talking about doing here is making the second case more likely.=
   This is important work that's worth doing.   It's not the case at all =
that people who fail to protect their own privacy are =22not very bright.=
=22   Frequently they are very bright, but simply didn't imagine that they =
would be screwed over by the infrastructure they are using in such a =
blatant and unpleasant way.

The reason that people get screwed over in this way is because we, who =
understand about privacy and understand how to deliver it, did not make it =
a priority.   That's what this discussion is about.   So please don't =
belittle people whom we have failed by claiming that they should somehow =
have anticipated the problem.   That really is our job, not theirs.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 11:10:10 2015
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References: <20151130042819.10658.qmail@ary.lan> <1448858775386-ceecd236-8b11ac04-a03b4438@fugue.com> <glJrvFDUtDXWFA87@highwayman.com> <1448923888960-cb7e590f-f443f8dd-7ec594e1@fugue.com> <565CD58D.9080403@dcrocker.net> <1448924778159-4b16d8e4-631c41b1-52b0fbf2@fugue.com> <605ee74e-863d-47cb-9089-fb83e13e4e38@gulbrandsen.priv.no> <565D9CFC.6070102@pscs.co.uk> <1448988713596-9f0a5014-48bb3a2c-8e1bc938@fugue.com> <565DE53F.2080904@mustelids.ca>
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 1:21 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
> What we have now is a very small number of providers [...]

e.g., gmail.
=20
> When you get a
> series of harassing emails from a given site originating from a given
> user that's forging from lines and mutating content, you have nothing
> concrete to filter on to distinguish it from other email from the same
> provider.

This is why against our protestations DKIM is seeing wide deployment.   The=
 fact that there is nothing in the mail submit process that prevents the =
user from forging headers is the problem.   Violating non-evil users' =
privacy in order to solve that problem is stealing from Peter to pay Paul.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 11:23:59 2015
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Date: Tue, 1 Dec 2015 19:23:53 +0000
From: Martijn Grooten <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>
To: ietf-smtp@ietf.org
Message-ID: <20151201192353.GA23999@lapsedordinary.net>
References: <20151130042819.10658.qmail@ary.lan> <1448858775386-ceecd236-8b11ac04-a03b4438@fugue.com> <glJrvFDUtDXWFA87@highwayman.com> <1448923888960-cb7e590f-f443f8dd-7ec594e1@fugue.com> <565CD58D.9080403@dcrocker.net> <1448924778159-4b16d8e4-631c41b1-52b0fbf2@fugue.com> <605ee74e-863d-47cb-9089-fb83e13e4e38@gulbrandsen.priv.no> <565D9CFC.6070102@pscs.co.uk> <1448988713596-9f0a5014-48bb3a2c-8e1bc938@fugue.com> <565DE53F.2080904@mustelids.ca>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On Tue, Dec 01, 2015 at 01:21:51PM -0500, Chris Lewis wrote:
> "Standardized" or not, Received lines provide a rich detail of fodder
> for filtering, whether or not the filter manages to understand what
> the received line is trying to say about where the email allegedly
> came from or how it got there.  The IP could just as easily be a
> non-reversible encrypted blob unique to the sending user that only the
> provider understands, but the receiver can filter on.
>=20
> I say "allegedly", because the actual source (personal attribution) of
> the email is generally irrelevant to filtering. Our primary goal is
> stopping the trash, a secondary goal is helping the infectee fix their
> problem, but if the provider wants to interfere with the latter, well,
> we can live with it.

I think this is a very good point. A recommendation to substitute a
"non-reversible encrypted blob" for the sender's IP address seems to me
a good balance between privacy and security.

I agree that if keeping your geolocation is a matter of life and death,
you shouldn't use email, but for me that is not a reason for the IP
address to be visible for anyone who can read the email. I think privacy
matters, even when it's not about life and death.

Martijn.

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From nobody Tue Dec  1 11:50:59 2015
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To: "'Martijn Grooten'" <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>, <ietf-smtp@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On Tuesday, December 1, 2015 11:24 AM, Martijn Grooten wrote:
> 
> I agree that if keeping your geolocation is a matter of life and death,
you
> shouldn't use email, but for me that is not a reason for the IP address to
be
> visible for anyone who can read the email. I think privacy matters, even
> when it's not about life and death.
> 

I am also concerned with automated mass surveillance, including traffic
analysis. The basic traffic analysis produces "5-tupple" logs. Since a lot
of the Internet usage is now mobile, there is no direct mapping between IP
addresses and user identities. To move from traffic analysis to
surveillance, the analyzers need to restore that mapping. There are multiple
ways to do that, as explained in RFC 7624, and email headers are one of
them.

Clearly, there are also other sources of correlation between IP address and
identity. Various IETF working groups are busy closing these other sources
as well: MAC Address randomization to suppress direct mapping of identities
to roaming devices; DHCP anonymity profile to remove the leakage of metadata
in DNS packets; or, HTTPS to prevent observation of HTTP cookies. To break
the correlation between IP address and identity, we need to also close the
leakage in the SMTP traces.

Everybody understands that there is a tension there between privacy and
fighting spam. I get the use case of the virus-infected home PC that
originates spam through the permissive SMTP relay of some local ISP. But
then many mail providers feel the need to provide privacy to their users,
which drives them to deploy their own formatting of the "received" field. We
do have a tension there, and that tension is precisely why we want to study
the alternatives and come up with a proposed recommendation. Hence the WG
charter.

-- Christian Huitema





From nobody Tue Dec  1 13:29:30 2015
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 4:10 PM Richard Clayton wrote:
> If you want to have very limited data in your email header fields then
> you should look at the systems that you operate yourself and clean up
> the information at that point. You'll probably get a poorer delivery
> experience when sending to MAGY and others -- but that's your tradeoff.

Received: from localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com =
(Postfix) with ESMTP id 01DDB1B2F31; Tue, 1 Dec 2015 11:10:08 -0800 (PST)
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ad68]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id CDD061AD481; Tue, 1 Dec =
2015 11:10:05 -0800 (PST)

Here are the Received: headers from the previous message I sent to the list=
.   As you can see, there is no Received header at all for the submit =
server.   My submit server doesn't add one, because there's no good reason =
to.   I have had zero issues with mail I send not being delivered to any of=
 the big providers.   When I do have issues, the issues I have tend to be =
really small servers (typically IETF participants who, like me, run their =
own mail servers) that have all sorts of exciting steampunk gadgets =
filtering spam.

The issues that I have tend to be that mail to those users is delayed, not =
that it never arrives.   It's their choice to set up greylisting, and =
slowing down the reply rate for discussions like this isn't a bad thing, so=
 I really wouldn't describe this as a =22poorer delivery experience.=22


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 14:51:36 2015
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From: Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 01/12/15 18:21, Chris Lewis wrote:
>=20
> On the other hand, we can see that that the lack of that information
> presents difficulties to filtering technologies.  When you get a
> series of harassing emails from a given site originating from a given
> user that's forging from lines and mutating content, you have nothing
> concrete to filter on to distinguish it from other email from the same
> provider.

If you assume the MSA in that case isn't rogue, then there are
a variety of options that could be used in place of the actual
IP address that would have better privacy properties without
being particularly onerous on anyone. For example one could
imagine replacing the MUA IP address value in a Received header
field with something like E(k-epoch, MUA-IP-address) where
k-epoch is some key that changes now and then, perhaps in a
way that requires very little state in the MSA.

The point (for now) is not to recommend that the above be
done but just to note that there are other options that may
not have been considered in the past. Or maybe they were but
the reasonable trade-offs have changed.

Cheers,
S.


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To: Christian Huitema <huitema@huitema.net>, 'Martijn Grooten' <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>, ietf-smtp@ietf.org
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From: Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 01/12/15 19:50, Christian Huitema wrote:
> On Tuesday, December 1, 2015 11:24 AM, Martijn Grooten wrote:
>>
>> I agree that if keeping your geolocation is a matter of life and death,
> you
>> shouldn't use email, but for me that is not a reason for the IP address to
> be
>> visible for anyone who can read the email. I think privacy matters, even
>> when it's not about life and death.
>>
> 
> I am also concerned with automated mass surveillance, including traffic
> analysis. The basic traffic analysis produces "5-tupple" logs. Since a lot
> of the Internet usage is now mobile, there is no direct mapping between IP
> addresses and user identities. To move from traffic analysis to
> surveillance, the analyzers need to restore that mapping. There are multiple
> ways to do that, as explained in RFC 7624, and email headers are one of
> them.
> 
> Clearly, there are also other sources of correlation between IP address and
> identity. Various IETF working groups are busy closing these other sources
> as well: MAC Address randomization to suppress direct mapping of identities
> to roaming devices; DHCP anonymity profile to remove the leakage of metadata
> in DNS packets; or, HTTPS to prevent observation of HTTP cookies. To break
> the correlation between IP address and identity, we need to also close the
> leakage in the SMTP traces.
> 
> Everybody understands that there is a tension there between privacy and
> fighting spam. I get the use case of the virus-infected home PC that
> originates spam through the permissive SMTP relay of some local ISP. But
> then many mail providers feel the need to provide privacy to their users,
> which drives them to deploy their own formatting of the "received" field. We
> do have a tension there, and that tension is precisely why we want to study
> the alternatives and come up with a proposed recommendation. 

+1 to all the above.

> Hence the WG
> charter.

Well... the charter text proposed (perhaps combined with the draft
posted before) does seem to have caused a bit of an allergic reaction
from many mail folks;-)

I suspect those of us who would like to see work done to improve the
privacy properties of mail may need to understand that reaction some
more before trying to move stuff ahead.

Cheers,
S.


From ietf@mustelids.ca  Tue Dec  1 15:11:37 2015
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References: <20151130042819.10658.qmail@ary.lan> <1448858775386-ceecd236-8b11ac04-a03b4438@fugue.com> <01PTPUIP3IUK01729W@mauve.mrochek.com> <11d014e5-9a6a-4b78-92a1-8e0a1e0a905d@gulbrandsen.priv.no> <lGTaHvC8ygXWFAuu@highwayman.com> <1449005349724-ffd73ebb-f70e368e-426663a1@fugue.com>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 12/01/2015 04:29 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 4:10 PM Richard Clayton wrote:
>> If you want to have very limited data in your email header fields then
>> you should look at the systems that you operate yourself and clean up
>> the information at that point. You'll probably get a poorer delivery
>> experience when sending to MAGY and others -- but that's your tradeoff.
>
> Received: from localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 01DDB1B2F31; Tue, 1 Dec 2015 11:10:08 -0800 (PST)
> Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id BPlsDC_M90ws; Tue, 1 Dec 2015 11:10:06 -0800 (PST)
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>
> Here are the Received: headers from the previous message I sent to the list.   As you can see, there is no Received header at all for the submit server.   My submit server doesn't add one, because there's no good reason to.   I have had zero issues with mail I send not being delivered to any of the big providers.   When I do have issues, the issues I have tend to be really small servers (typically IETF participants who, like me, run their own mail servers) that have all sorts of exciting steampunk gadgets filtering spam.
>
> The issues that I have tend to be that mail to those users is delayed, not that it never arrives.   It's their choice to set up greylisting, and slowing down the reply rate for discussions like this isn't a bad thing, so I really wouldn't describe this as a "poorer delivery experience."

The inevitable result is your mail server is treated no differently than 
grandma's PC.

When your cat's litter box gets infected with, say, cutwail, spewing 
gazillions of copies of randomized "come do X to my Y!" exhortations, 
you're not giving the receiver (ML or ad-hoc) very much to distinguish 
between that and your pearls of wisdom.

Hence your entire infrastructure gets blocked, you end up annoyed, the 
cat ain't admitting anything, and nothing gets fixed very quickly.

Also remember that at scale, you CANNOT afford to talk to everybody who 
has trouble with email.  Not when the loaded labor rate of just one 
support call dwarfs the income you make with the associated customer.

If you have to get noticed by a human being, you're already cost them 
more than they'll make.

Of course many systems operate this way without much difficulty. 
Because they are either already clean or expend the effort to remain 
clean.  Which is fine until that one day when something goes wrong.


From nobody Tue Dec  1 15:37:48 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 12/1/2015 2:50 PM, Christian Huitema wrote:
>
> I am also concerned with automated mass surveillance, including traffic
> analysis. The basic traffic analysis produces "5-tupple" logs. Since a lot
> of the Internet usage is now mobile, there is no direct mapping between IP
> addresses and user identities. To move from traffic analysis to
> surveillance, the analyzers need to restore that mapping. There are multiple
> ways to do that, as explained in RFC 7624, and email headers are one of
> them.
>
> Clearly, there are also other sources of correlation between IP address and
> identity. Various IETF working groups are busy closing these other sources
> as well: MAC Address randomization to suppress direct mapping of identities
> to roaming devices; DHCP anonymity profile to remove the leakage of metadata
> in DNS packets; or, HTTPS to prevent observation of HTTP cookies. To break
> the correlation between IP address and identity, we need to also close the
> leakage in the SMTP traces.
>
> Everybody understands that there is a tension there between privacy and
> fighting spam. I get the use case of the virus-infected home PC that
> originates spam through the permissive SMTP relay of some local ISP. But
> then many mail providers feel the need to provide privacy to their users,
> which drives them to deploy their own formatting of the "received" field. We
> do have a tension there, and that tension is precisely why we want to study
> the alternatives and come up with a proposed recommendation. Hence the WG
> charter.

I'm all for "generalized" product enhancement features.

So you are proposing for SMTP developers to consider adding SMTP 
Receiver options such as:

   [X] Add "Received:" Header
       [_] Mask User IP address

Should this be at the USER or SYSTEM level? Both?   Effectively, we 
would be changing RFC5321 from a MUST to a SHOULD|MAY where a required 
protocol feature becomes optional.

-- 
HLS



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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:11 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
> When your cat's litter box gets infected with, say, cutwail, spewing =
gazillions of copies of randomized =22come do X to my Y!=22 exhortations, =
you're not giving the receiver (ML or ad-hoc) very much to distinguish =
between that and your pearls of wisdom.

Er, no, the cat box doesn't have my credentials nor know my email address, =
so it can't send spam from me.   If it sends spam from someone other than =
me, the Received header field makes my /legitimate/ email look more like =
spam, because both the cat's spam and my legitimate email have the same IP =
address in the Received header field.   In this case I /definitely/ don't =
want the Received header field.


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From: Martijn Grooten <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On Tue, Dec 01, 2015 at 09:10:20PM +0000, Richard Clayton wrote:
> If you want to have very limited data in your email header fields then
> you should look at the systems that you operate yourself and clean up
> the information at that point. You'll probably get a poorer delivery
> experience when sending to MAGY and others -- but that's your tradeoff.

Sure, making such changes on your own is probably going to hurt more       =
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
            =20
than it helps. Which seems a good argument in favour of some kind of       =
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
            =20
RFC, or at least a WG discussing whether one is needed.                    =
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
            =20
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
            =20
Martijn.

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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:49 PM Martijn Grooten wrote:
> Sure, making such changes on your own is probably going to hurt more     =
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
              =20
> than it helps. Which seems a good argument in favour of some kind of     =
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
              =20
> RFC, or at least a WG discussing whether one is needed.                  =
                                                                           =
                                                                           =
              =20

Yup, what I'm getting from this conversation is that we ought to try to =
gain a bit more clarity than we currently have on this question.   I'm =
hearing a lot of hand-wavey protests, but when I try to dig deeper it's not=
 clear that much analysis has actually occurred.   That analysis would be =
worthwhile to do and to write up as an informational draft.   I think the =
informational draft should =5Fmake no recommendations=5F but should just =
talk about the various use cases.


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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:52 PM John C Klensin wrote:
> Suppose that,
> instead, the question was closer to: =22if a user had a serious
> desire to protect her location, especially against pervasive
> surveillance by state actors and too-curious message recipients,
> how would she do that with existing systems=3F=22

John, I think that I already explained why this isn't a good question to =
ask.   We don't want privacy just for people who think in advance, =22hm, =
email in general isn't private, and I know that I am going to need privacy,=
 so I will use this other service in order to gain privacy.=22   We want =
the email to already have been private when the need for it to be private =
arises, without the user who needs this privacy having a mental model that =
would allow the aforementioned questions to be asked, to say nothing of =
being answered.

Regarding my personal mail server, one instance is in Dallas and the other =
in Frankfurt.   Regardless of where I happen to be on any given day, any =
geolocation done on the headers will reveal that I am in a data center in =
one of those two cities.   Since I am not in either of those data centers, =
I am protected from any revelations about my actual location through header=
 fields in my email.   Of course, you can tell that the mail came from me, =
but that's what I want, so it's okay.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 17:09:24 2015
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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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Date: Tue, 1 Dec 2015 20:09:18 -0500
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On 12/01/2015 06:45 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
 > Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:11 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
 >> When your cat's litter box gets infected with, say, cutwail,
 >> spewing gazillions of copies of randomized "come do X to my Y!"
 >> exhortations, you're not giving the receiver (ML or ad-hoc) very
 >> much to distinguish between that and your pearls of wisdom.
 >
 > Er, no, the cat box doesn't have my credentials nor know my email
 > address, so it can't send spam from me.   If it sends spam from
 > someone other than me, the Received header field makes my
 > /legitimate/ email look more like spam, because both the cat's spam
 > and my legitimate email have the same IP address in the Received
 > header field.   In this case I /definitely/ don't want the Received
 > header field.

Er yes, without the MSA-enforced IP address (or unique blob indicating
something similar) the filter can't necessarily tell whether your
legitimate email is different than the cat litter box.  By omitting
the MSA's received line your legitimate mail becomes _less_
distinguishable from the flying litter ... the ML has more chance of
lumping both of youse into the same bucket and so your, er, email ends 
up in the toilet too.

Even when everything is forged/forgeable (eg: regardless of whether
the MSA's headers are forged or decided to be trustworthy), the
uniformity of your Received/From tuples stands out in stark contrast
to the forged stuff (random or otherwise) to the ML - it gives the ML
more to "grab onto".

Now, with my piddly little mail server (which your steam punk mail
server doesn't seem to like BTW), the ML will rarely see enough signal
to do a proper analysis.  But at scale, the ML often will.



From nobody Tue Dec  1 17:43:51 2015
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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/01/2015 06:59 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:52 PM John C Klensin wrote:
>> Suppose that,
>> instead, the question was closer to: "if a user had a serious
>> desire to protect her location, especially against pervasive
>> surveillance by state actors and too-curious message recipients,
>> how would she do that with existing systems?"
>
> John, I think that I already explained why this isn't a good question to ask.   We don't want privacy just for people who think in advance, "hm, email in general isn't private, and I know that I am going to need privacy, so I will use this other service in order to gain privacy."   We want the email to already have been private when the need for it to be private arises, without the user who needs this privacy having a mental model that would allow the aforementioned questions to be asked, to say nothing of being answered.

The reality is that if the user wasn't already conscious of their 
privacy and striving to preserve it through continuous vigilance, 
they've already completely outed themselves.

For example, if you're expecting to use a nicknamed gmail account, that 
email conversation with Amazon with your credit card info or Facebook 
with your real name last year, has outed that gmail account forever - 
gmail hides received lines remember?

It's far better to train them in the reality of what they need to do to 
preserve their own privacy, than the impossibility of trying to 
privacy-protect everything (and still have something anybody wants to use).


From nobody Tue Dec  1 17:57:15 2015
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On 02/12/15 01:43, Chris Lewis wrote:
> 
> It's far better to train them in the reality of what they need to do to
> preserve their own privacy, than the impossibility of trying to
> privacy-protect everything (and still have something anybody wants to use).

Do you have any evidence for the above?

But in any case, I think your argument is clearly wrong because we
know that it is not possible to "train them" in security or privacy.
(That leaves open the possibility that your conclusion is correct
based on some other argument, but very much weakens confidence in
your conclusion for me.)

IMO the onus is on us as technology developers to ensure that what
we make allows those who deploy that to do a good enough job. In
this case there is room for debate about the cumulative privacy
exposure from many messages including MUA IP addresses (or of
popular implementations defaulting to do so) vs. the benefits
accruing to anti-spam techniques.

For me, claims that any of this is so obvious as to not even need to
be looked are not at all convincing. And in that I do include claims
that "all we need to do is X and it'll be privacy friendly" (for any
X) as well as claims to "move on, there's nothing to see here."

S.


From nobody Tue Dec  1 18:31:06 2015
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:52 PM Al Iverson wrote:
> Is that a hobbyist configuration=3F Is it relevant=3F It sounds a bit =
like
> a cat and the hat both sharing a NAT. But in a very common high volume
> production email scenario used by email service providers, clients and
> types of mail are segregated by sending IP address.

My answer applies to both the gmail scenario and the private server =
scenario.   In both cases, putting my IP address in the Received header =
field means that my legitimate mail is more likely to be dropped as spam, =
not less likely.

> Noted that you don't. Just adding my voice: I do want it.

Correction: by =22I do not want it,=22 I mean =22it do not want my mail =
legitimate getting dropped as spam,=22 not =22On a personal level, I don't =
like it.=22


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 18:55:26 2015
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 8:43 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
> The reality is that if the user wasn't already conscious of their privacy=
 and striving to preserve it through continuous vigilance, they've already =
completely outed themselves.
>=20
> For example, if you're expecting to use a nicknamed gmail account, that =
email conversation with Amazon with your credit card info or Facebook with =
your real name last year, has outed that gmail account forever - gmail =
hides received lines remember=3F

I think you are misunderstanding the reasoning behind hiding the IP address=
 in the received header.   It is not because the IP address associates the =
email address with your identity.   In all likelihood, the email address is=
 very strongly associated with your identity, as you say.   One of the =
primary uses of email addresses =5Fis=5F to establish an identity, after =
all.

The purpose of obscuring the IP address is to avoid an association between =
the =5FIP address=5F and your identity.   This accomplishes several useful =
privacy benefits:

- If you regularly post to a public mailing list, as we both do, nobody can=
 scrape the mailing list for Received headers and figure out whether or not=
 I am at home, in order to find an opportune time to break into my home.
- If you post to a public mailing list, that doesn't reveal information =
about where you live to people who might want to harass you.
- An MiTM attack on your email service provider that prevents TLS =
encryption of your mail will not give the attacker information linking your=
 identity to specific IP addresses.

Whether these are issues that we need to be concerned about it certainly =
something we can debate.   I definitely agree that =5Fjust=5F obscuring the=
 IP address in the Received header isn't enough to protect you.   But if =
it's not obscured, that's definitely enough to out you.

> It's far better to train them in the reality of what they need to do to =
preserve their own privacy, than the impossibility of trying to =
privacy-protect everything (and still have something anybody wants to use).=


This is literally impossible.   We don't demand that airline passengers =
take part in making sure that the airplane is safe to fly.   Why do we =
expect people with similar levels of knowledge about the operation of email=
 to understand how to preserve their privacy=3F


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 19:09:57 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 2:20 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
>> If they don't care enough to make such information available, it's
>> likely that it's because they don't see the issue as being
>> sufficiently important, which is to say they don't think Received:
>> headers make enough difference to be worth arguing about.
>=20
> That's not what it means at all.
>=20
> For any such information to be even remotely meaningful, it has to be =
tested on very large real environments.
>=20
> Imagine, if you will, our approached our largest customers (which are =
certainly big enough to matter in this context), and asked them to either:
>=20
> - sacrifice filtering effectiveness for a week and tell us the
> result, or
> - re-instrument thousands of receiving MTAs to distinguish and report
> on the differential based on a new indicator I provide
>=20
> So that we could satisfy your curiousity, they'd laugh in our faces.

That is literally what I said.   They don't care enough about satisfying my=
 curiosity to do the work.   Perfectly understandable.   If they thought =
that the IETF producing a document recommending that the Received header =
field be obfuscated were a serious problem, they would care enough to do =
the work--it's really not that much work, and chances are they already have=
 a test harness that would allow them to do it.

> I could tell you the differential in our instrumentation. But if you =
don't accept my previous assertions, you won't accept this one either.

Again, this is literally what I asked for.   I do not trust your assurances=
 that you speak from authority.  IETF people are always trying to argue =
from authority--if we held that against each other we would never get =
anything done.

I am very curious to hear your numbers, as long as you explain how you got =
them.  I don't mean explain your spam algorithm--I mean characterize your =
sample, and explain why you think it's a good sample, and explain your =
methodology: what you did to the sample for test A versus what you did for =
test B.   Interesting things to do for the test sample to differentiate it =
from the control sample would be removing the last Received header field =
entirely (last in sequence, meaning first added), modifying the From clause=
 for example as Stephen Farrell suggested, or simply deleting the From =
clause but keeping the rest of the last Received header field.

BTW, turning off the Received header field testing for a week isn't a valid=
 methodology, since there's no way to control for the rather substantial =
variation in amounts and types of spam from week to week.

> In an ideal world, when everybody here was under NDA, I could give you =
some of the obvious, compelling and overwhelming evidence.=20

I don't think you could.   You've said enough things that don't actually =
make sense at this point that I would really need you to show your work, =
not just give me assurances like the following:

> It's huge. Really.

Sorry.


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From nobody Tue Dec  1 19:35:12 2015
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Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 10:25 PM Rich Kulawiec wrote:
> The same user that might -- and I emphasize =22might=22 -- in some way =
have
> a fraction of their privacy protected is the same one that has a 9-line
> email signature with the URLs of their social network profiles, their
> phone number, their title and employer, and other far more =
readily-useful
> information.

This is a stereotype, which very clearly is not grounded in any kind of =
serious, statistically sound survey of real-world users.   Are you =
seriously proposing that the IETF should base its decisions on reasoning of=
 this quality=3F


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 05:50:59 2015
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 3:56 AM Paul Smith wrote:
> The thing is that whatever you do to email, the weak link is always the =
human. Humans are the ones who respond to Nigerian princes, they're the =
ones who think it's OK to send their bank password by email to anyone who =
asks for it in an authoritative way, etc.
>=20
> So, training HAS to be done, otherwise people will lose privacy.

Look, I'm really sorry to keep harping on this, because I know it's a bit =
off topic and probably annoying, but your model of how to do security for =
end users is simply wrong.   The way you prevent people from getting =
scammed is to by default not deliver email from people they don't know.   I=
 realize this is anathema to a lot of email folks, but that's why facebook =
is more popular than email now: facebook doesn't deliver spam from people =
you haven't friended.

The way you prevent people from getting their passwords ripped is to not =
give them passwords.   The tokbind working group is working this problem, =
and the solution they have is a good one, which we will undoubtedly see =
deployed in the future.   It's true that it's not available now, and the =
vulnerability that you cite does exist now.   This is a problem we need to =
solve, not an inevitable quality of online technology.   Security =
technology based on physical tokens is also getting better/more accessible.=
   It's worth noting that Nigerian scammers typically scam people who have =
actual cognitive deficits, not regular people.   People aren't actually all=
 equally gullible, and there are lots of people who are skeptical enough =
that they can benefit from privacy protections even in the absence of =
secure token binding and physical tokens.

> Of course, most people don't really care about privacy whatever they say =
(witness all the personal information posted to Facebook/Twitter/etc) so it=
 doesn't matter that they can't be trained. The ones who do really care =
about their privacy are the ones who will train themselves if the =
information is available to them.

This doesn't reflect what people who actually study this issue are saying. =
  People do care about privacy.   They just can't get it.   Even though =
they can't get it, they do take measures to get it to the extent that they =
can.   It's true that not everybody does this, but it is not true that most=
 people just don't care.   If you ask them =22do you care about privacy,=22=
 they might say no, but if for example you ask them =22do you care if =
thieves know whether or not you are out of town,=22 they will say yes.

So saying that because people don't care about privacy, we shouldn't try to=
 protect their privacy, is wrong on two counts: first it's wrong that =
people don't care about privacy, and second it's wrong that we shouldn't =
try to protect people from threats of which they are not presently aware.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 06:05:59 2015
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 4:44 AM Paul Smith wrote:
> This is the bit that worries me. As a small mail server publisher & =
hosting company, we try to actually help our customers with their problems =
(unlike some of the big providers). The information in the Received headers=
 is vital to us when trying to narrow down why their messages bounced, or =
why their incoming mail was delayed, or whatever.

This is all true, and definitely a matter of concern.   The question is, is=
 there some way that we can give you enough information to do the debugging=
 you need to do, without leaking private information=3F   E.g., when would =
you need the sender's home IP address to do debugging=3F


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 06:24:56 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 9:19 AM Paul Smith wrote:
> Maybe the US is different. In the UK, it generally gives random locations=
 which have no relation to reality, or probably just the ISP's location.

Possibly the UK has better privacy laws=3F   The EU as a whole certainly =
does.   It may also depend on how much information the ISP is willing or =
able to sell about you.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 06:50:25 2015
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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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>> So, training HAS to be done, otherwise people will lose privacy.
>
>Look, I'm really sorry to keep harping on this, because I know it's a bit off topic and probably
>annoying, but your model of how to do security for end users is simply wrong. ...

Different people are different and it is not helpful to pretend that
all end users are the same.  Most people say they care about privacy,
but their actions show that they actually don't, e.g., they'll trade
their password and SSN for a candy bar.

Some people really do care about privacy.  I don't know if you've ever
talked to someone who runs a battered women's shelter, but I have.
For them, their privacy is really a matter of life and death, and they
have to deal with impressively complex threats.  I've heard direct
reports of malware that installs keyloggers that report back to the
hostile spouse.  These people boot their computers from a CD to use
webmail through Tor, and buy burner phones in bulk.  The kind of stuff
we're talking about redacting here is completely irrelevant to them,
since as I said, they are not so dim as to depend on their mail
provider's logging practices for their safety.

Christian's point about bulk collection is a reasonable one, but just
as the collection affects a lot of people, the security benefits from
good header logging affect a lot of people, too.  We need to start by
understanding how they're really used and what the benefits are.

>From what we've heard here from people who run significant mail
systems for real users, the benefits are substantial.

R's,
John


From nobody Wed Dec  2 07:11:44 2015
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To: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>, shutup@ietf.org
From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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On 12/2/2015 5:50 AM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 3:56 AM Paul Smith wrote:
>> > The thing is that whatever you do to email, the weak link is always the human. Humans are the ones who respond to Nigerian princes, they're the ones who think it's OK to send their bank password by email to anyone who asks for it in an authoritative way, etc.
>> > 
>> > So, training HAS to be done, otherwise people will lose privacy.
> Look, I'm really sorry to keep harping on this, because I know it's a bit off topic and probably annoying, but your model of how to do security for end users is simply wrong.   The way you prevent people from getting scammed is to by default not deliver email from people they don't know.   I realize this is anathema to a lot of email folks,


Absent hard data that shows efficacy, both of you are wrong.

At base, we don't know how to prevent folks from getting scammed, while
still allowing them to interact with the outside world.

Lots of people are sure they know the right answer here, but none of
them can document efficacy.  Worse, most of the ways people cite have
already been demonstrated to be inadequate or unachievable.

So yeah, this line of discussion is entirely out of scope.

d/

-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Wed Dec  2 07:12:51 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] real life privacy tradeoffs, was Proposed Charter
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 9:49 AM John Levine wrote:
> Different people are different and it is not helpful to pretend that
> all end users are the same.  Most people say they care about privacy,
> but their actions show that they actually don't, e.g., they'll trade
> their password and SSN for a candy bar.

Show your data or please stop making generalizations like this.   This is =
really not helpful.

> Some people really do care about privacy.  I don't know if you've ever
> talked to someone who runs a battered women's shelter, but I have.
> For them, their privacy is really a matter of life and death, and they
> have to deal with impressively complex threats.  I've heard direct
> reports of malware that installs keyloggers that report back to the
> hostile spouse.  These people boot their computers from a CD to use
> webmail through Tor, and buy burner phones in bulk.  The kind of stuff
> we're talking about redacting here is completely irrelevant to them,
> since as I said, they are not so dim as to depend on their mail
> provider's logging practices for their safety.

So what you are saying is that there are two kinds of caring about privacy:=
 not at all, or extremely.   I'm sure these stereotypes are based in real =
personal experience, but anecdotes are not data.   This is not what actual =
research on this topic appears to show.   We tend not to remember =
reasonable people in ordinary situations: we remember complete idiots, =
because it's funny/disturbing, and we remember people in trouble.   Basing =
policy decisions on personal recollections tends to get things badly wrong.=


> Christian's point about bulk collection is a reasonable one, but just
> as the collection affects a lot of people, the security benefits from
> good header logging affect a lot of people, too.  We need to start by
> understanding how they're really used and what the benefits are.

I agree that we need to understand this.  I've been asking people who say =
they are in the know if they could share some data with us, and since I =
asked yesterday, it's unreasonable to think that someone would already have=
 answered.   Hopefully we will get some data.

>From what we've heard here from people who run significant mail
> systems for real users, the benefits are substantial.

We've heard unsubstantiated assertions to this effect, not accompanied by =
any data, yes.

The reason I'm skeptical about this is twofold.  First, the one example =
someone presented that seemed to support the case for including IP address =
identifying information from the mail submission server actually looks to =
me like it makes things worse, not better, at least in the presence of a =
competently operated mail submit server.

Second, I'm pretty sure that if you are filtering spam, and then you add a =
heuristic that pays attention to the initial sender's source address, you =
will see some increase in messages identified as spam.   However, if you =
saw that effect five years ago when you installed that heuristic, and your =
filtering software has gotten a lot more sophisticated in its reliance on =
ML since then, you might still believe that the heuristic is making a big =
difference, when it's really making a small difference.=20

And you might never have instrumented it in such a way that you could =
discover the present truth of the matter.   And that's precisely the =
perfectly reasonable mindset from which claims that =22it makes a big =
difference=22 would come without any data at all to back them up.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 07:20:24 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 10:12 AM Dave Crocker wrote:
> Absent hard data that shows efficacy, both of you are wrong.

Not leaking data is 100% effective at not leaking data.

> At base, we don't know how to prevent folks from getting scammed, while
> still allowing them to interact with the outside world.

We know that revealing their personal information is harmful.   We know =
that this information is used, in real world situations, to cause harm to =
real people.   We do not know which specific sources are used, so it may =
well be that nobody is currently using the Received header field to do it. =
  It may be that the Received header field is not currently the weakest =
link.   However, it is clearly a weak link: as soon as I wanted to see what=
 information my email was revealing, all I had to do was go to the =
ietf-smtp archive and look at my recent messages to the archive, and there =
the Received headers were, available for the world to see.

> Lots of people are sure they know the right answer here, but none of
> them can document efficacy.  Worse, most of the ways people cite have
> already been demonstrated to be inadequate or unachievable.

Redacting IP address information from SMTP submission servers is very =
achievable, as witness the fact that the major email providers are doing it=
.   Whether it actually prevents peoples' demonstrably violated privacy =
from being used against them is indeed unknown.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 07:28:23 2015
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 9:17 AM Paul Smith wrote:
> Eg, someone says to me =22so and so received this message from me, but I =
didn't send it - has my laptop got a virus on it=3F=22 I can look at the IP=
 address in the Received header and say, =22no, that message came from =
China, someone's just spoofing your address=22,  or =22it may have done, is=
 your ISP 'bigisp.com'=3F=22 (or in some cases, =22is your home IP address =
1.2.3.4=3F=22 (if they have a static IP address))

This is email that your customer sent through your server (or didn't).   =
Suppose you didn't have the Received header with the user's IP address on =
it.   Are you really going to tell me that you couldn't use information at =
your disposal to give both of the answers that you proposed=3F

If it was not sent through your server, you don't even need to look at your=
 logs to see that--it's in the Received header fields that you didn't =
redact, or rather, it's evident because your mail servers probably aren't =
mentioned in the Received header fields.   If they are, then you can go =
look at the logs to see what IP address connected to the server to drop =
that email; if the logs don't match the headers, it's fake, and if they do,=
 you have the submitter's IP address.

I will grant you that the Received header field saves you some time, but it=
 doesn't prevent you from answering the particular question that you are =
proposing as a motivating use case for not redacting it.   If this were a =
serious problem, you would spend a half hour to write a script that =
eliminated the time difference.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:02:42 2015
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From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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Gentle folk,


There have been several days of postings from folk expert in this domain
of discourse, each carefully explaining the problems with various
assertions being made.  None of those postings seems to be effecting
much improvement in the conduct of this thread.

So it's time for folk making assertions of efficacy or inadequacy to
take the burden of documenting the validity of their assertions, as well
as explaining how they are relevant to a discussion of whether to
charter this wg.


d/
-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:07:24 2015
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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
To: ietf-smtp@ietf.org, shutup@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp]   real life privacy tradeoffs, was Proposed Charter
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In article <1449069164873-53573cc1-d1798c08-2eeb118d@fugue.com> you write:
>-=-=-=-=-=-
>-=-=-=-=-=-
>
>Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 9:49 AM John Levine wrote:
>> Different people are different and it is not helpful to pretend that
>> all end users are the same.  Most people say they care about privacy,
>> but their actions show that they actually don't, e.g., they'll trade
>> their password or SSN for a candy bar.
>
>Show your data or please stop making generalizations like this.   This is really not helpful.

Hmmn.  If people are this unfamilar with practical user security, and
are unable to type "trade password for a candy bar" into Google, this
is going to be a very slow slog.

R's,
John


From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:26:57 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp]  real life privacy tradeoffs, was Proposed Charter
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------sinikael-?=_1-14490736094280.4613548668567091
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 11:06 AM John Levine wrote:
>>Show your data or please stop making generalizations like this.   This is=
 really not helpful.
> Hmmn.  If people are this unfamilar with practical user security, and
> are unable to type =22trade password for a candy bar=22 into Google, =
this
> is going to be a very slow slog.

John, what is deeply frustrating about this conversation is that every time=
 I ask a serious question, I get an answer like this.   Did you look into =
that study=3F   Can you describe their methodology=3F   Did they identify =
potentially confounding factors that would introduce bias into the =
results=3F   Does their methodology account for those factors=3F   Do they =
make any sort of case at all for why their sample is a representative =
sample=3F   You don't know, do you=3F   You just read one of the clickbait =
articles that Google offered you.

The very study you are citing is actually used as an example of bad =
methodology in a textbook, =5FElementary Statistics: Looking at the Big =
Picture=5F, by Nancy Pfenning.   Did the researchers check to see if the =
people they surveyed gave their actual birthday, or their actual =
password=3F   Or were they the ones who were scammed=3F   The survey was =
also done in 2004.   Do you think nothing has changed since then=3F

The reason this has become a slog is that nearly every answer I've gotten =
for a question I've asked, and nearly every criticism I've seen of a =
statement I've made, is of a similar level of quality to the answer you =
just gave me.  I don't mean to single you out--your example study is just =
too good an example not to use.

What this conversation has told me is that nobody on this mailing list =
actually knows the answer to this question: =22what are the costs and =
benefits of redacting information from the Received header fields in email =
messages=3F=22   You all think you know the answer, and your intuition is =
probably not completely invalid, but if we actually care what the answer to=
 this question is, we probably do need to form a working group to study it =
a bit more seriously than we have done thus far, and we definitely can't =
rely on the assurances of supposed subject matter experts as to what the =
actual cost is.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:32:40 2015
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To: ietf-smtp@ietf.org
References: <20151130042819.10658.qmail@ary.lan> <1448858775386-ceecd236-8b11ac04-a03b4438@fugue.com> <01PTPUIP3IUK01729W@mauve.mrochek.com> <11d014e5-9a6a-4b78-92a1-8e0a1e0a905d@gulbrandsen.priv.no> <lGTaHvC8ygXWFAuu@highwayman.com> <565EBD82.2030600@pscs.co.uk> <1449065151122-b9505bf5-be5f0e83-f9cdd79b@fugue.com> <565EFD93.2060507@pscs.co.uk> <1449070095816-c64690a8-829c0c47-fd944ab9@fugue.com> <565F162F.7010109@dcrocker.net>
From: "Derek J. Balling" <dredd@megacity.org>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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I've been uncharacteristically (for me) quiet up 'til now, so let me --
perhaps naively -- say what, to me, seems like a simple thing.

1.) It's axiomatic that Received headers disclosure some level of
private data
2.) It's a matter of debate how valuable that data is to those who would
abuse it
3.) It's a matter of debate as to what impact redaction/removal of that
data from message headers would cause

Why isn't this as simple as chartering the WG to go off and:

1.) Document the answers to questions 2 and 3 above, with data
2.) If they so choose after doing #1, propose remedies or changes to the
existing methodologies consistent with the data they found above

At that point, everyone can observe the data, attempt to replicate it
(almost like a peer-review process, one would think) and then the
discussion can be about whether or not any proposal that came out of the
WG meets the larger goals of the net at-large.

It seems that it shouldn't be this hard to charter them to go off and
"crunch data" and "come up with a proposed solution consistent with that
data".

Nobody's "committed" to anything by letting folks go off and work on
this. so why is there such vociferous debate over letting them go do
that? What am I missing? (it's possible I have missed something, because
this debate is the most traffic we've seen in years on this list).

D


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:44:09 2015
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To: "Derek J. Balling" <dredd@megacity.org>, ietf-smtp@ietf.org
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From: Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 02/12/15 16:32, Derek J. Balling wrote:
> Why isn't this as simple as chartering the WG to go off and:
>=20
> 1.) Document the answers to questions 2 and 3 above, with data
> 2.) If they so choose after doing #1, propose remedies or changes to th=
e
> existing methodologies consistent with the data they found above

(With no hats) That seems eminently sensible to me. I'm sure
the specific text to describe the questions would need a bit
of work, but that oughtn't be too hard.

S.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:54:41 2015
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To: Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie>
From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
Organization: Brandenburg InternetWorking
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Date: Wed, 2 Dec 2015 08:54:58 -0800
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 12/2/2015 8:43 AM, Stephen Farrell wrote:
> 
> 
> On 02/12/15 16:32, Derek J. Balling wrote:
>> Why isn't this as simple as chartering the WG to go off and:
>>
>> 1.) Document the answers to questions 2 and 3 above, with data
>> 2.) If they so choose after doing #1, propose remedies or changes to the
>> existing methodologies consistent with the data they found above
> 
> (With no hats) That seems eminently sensible to me. I'm sure
> the specific text to describe the questions would need a bit
> of work, but that oughtn't be too hard.


1. That's an IRTF type of task, not an IETF type of task.

2. As sensible as the task might seem, the IETF pretty much never
requires documentation about expected efficacy.  That makes imposition
of such a requirement, here, discriminatory.

The original approach to chartering working groups was rather simpler:

  1.  Is there clear indication that 'the community' wants to do this,
by virtue of there being folk who want spend time on wg development and
they or other folk making noises about interest in implementing and
developing it?

  2.  Is there a clear understanding of potential /danger/ from doing this?

These days, we mostly stop at the first half of Question 1.  But we have
pretty much always left the question of 'efficacy' to the market.

d/

-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:59:32 2015
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To: ietf-smtp@ietf.org
From: "Derek J. Balling" <dredd@megacity.org>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 12/2/2015 11:54 AM, Dave Crocker wrote:
> On 12/2/2015 8:43 AM, Stephen Farrell wrote:
>>
>> On 02/12/15 16:32, Derek J. Balling wrote:
>>> Why isn't this as simple as chartering the WG to go off and:
>>>
>>> 1.) Document the answers to questions 2 and 3 above, with data
>>> 2.) If they so choose after doing #1, propose remedies or changes to =
the
>>> existing methodologies consistent with the data they found above
>> (With no hats) That seems eminently sensible to me. I'm sure
>> the specific text to describe the questions would need a bit
>> of work, but that oughtn't be too hard.
>
> 1. That's an IRTF type of task, not an IETF type of task.
>
> 2. As sensible as the task might seem, the IETF pretty much never
> requires documentation about expected efficacy.  That makes imposition
> of such a requirement, here, discriminatory.
>
> The original approach to chartering working groups was rather simpler:
>
>   1.  Is there clear indication that 'the community' wants to do this,
> by virtue of there being folk who want spend time on wg development and=

> they or other folk making noises about interest in implementing and
> developing it?
>
>   2.  Is there a clear understanding of potential /danger/ from doing t=
his?
>
> These days, we mostly stop at the first half of Question 1.  But we hav=
e
> pretty much always left the question of 'efficacy' to the market.
>
It seems to me that #1 is covered by virtue of the request existing in
the first place.

I would argue that #2 will be covered in whatever work-product the WG
comes up with (just as any other RFC would have to document
negative-impacts, lack of backward compatibility, etc.).

D

--=20
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From nobody Wed Dec  2 08:59:52 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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I believe that spending any time on answering #2 in a quantitative way
is a waste of time and will derail useful work in this area.  For me to
be able to geolocate Derek with sufficient probability as being close to
Kingston, NY, USA by looking at the email he sent below is sufficient
motivation for me to work on this.  I do appreciate and welcome help
from experts on #3 so we can describe the best solution to this problem.

I hope that some well-known larger domains will implement
draft-josefsson-email-received-privacy-01 (or something like it that we
can describe) so we can get more data to #3.  However, I suspect that we
will find that the majority of "use-cases" for Received data are harmful
to users, and that we can support the few good use-cases (like loop
detection) anyway.

/Simon

ons 2015-12-02 klockan 11:32 -0500 skrev Derek J. Balling:
> I've been uncharacteristically (for me) quiet up 'til now, so let me --
> perhaps naively -- say what, to me, seems like a simple thing.
>=20
> 1.) It's axiomatic that Received headers disclosure some level of
> private data
> 2.) It's a matter of debate how valuable that data is to those who would
> abuse it
> 3.) It's a matter of debate as to what impact redaction/removal of that
> data from message headers would cause
>=20
> Why isn't this as simple as chartering the WG to go off and:
>=20
> 1.) Document the answers to questions 2 and 3 above, with data
> 2.) If they so choose after doing #1, propose remedies or changes to the
> existing methodologies consistent with the data they found above
>=20
> At that point, everyone can observe the data, attempt to replicate it
> (almost like a peer-review process, one would think) and then the
> discussion can be about whether or not any proposal that came out of the
> WG meets the larger goals of the net at-large.
>=20
> It seems that it shouldn't be this hard to charter them to go off and
> "crunch data" and "come up with a proposed solution consistent with that
> data".
>=20
> Nobody's "committed" to anything by letting folks go off and work on
> this. so why is there such vociferous debate over letting them go do
> that? What am I missing? (it's possible I have missed something, because
> this debate is the most traffic we've seen in years on this list).
>=20
> D
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Shutup mailing list
> Shutup@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/shutup


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 09:24:23 2015
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To: "Derek J. Balling" <dredd@megacity.org>
From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
Organization: Brandenburg InternetWorking
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Date: Wed, 2 Dec 2015 09:24:41 -0800
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 12/2/2015 8:59 AM, Derek J. Balling wrote:
> On 12/2/2015 11:54 AM, Dave Crocker wrote:
>> On 12/2/2015 8:43 AM, Stephen Farrell wrote:
>>>
>>> On 02/12/15 16:32, Derek J. Balling wrote:
>>>> Why isn't this as simple as chartering the WG to go off and:
>>>>
>>>> 1.) Document the answers to questions 2 and 3 above, with data
>>>> 2.) If they so choose after doing #1, propose remedies or changes to the
>>>> existing methodologies consistent with the data they found above
>>> (With no hats) That seems eminently sensible to me. I'm sure
>>> the specific text to describe the questions would need a bit
>>> of work, but that oughtn't be too hard.
>>
>> 1. That's an IRTF type of task, not an IETF type of task.
>>
>> 2. As sensible as the task might seem, the IETF pretty much never
>> requires documentation about expected efficacy.  That makes imposition
>> of such a requirement, here, discriminatory.
>>
>> The original approach to chartering working groups was rather simpler:
>>
>>   1.  Is there clear indication that 'the community' wants to do this,
>> by virtue of there being folk who want spend time on wg development and
>> they or other folk making noises about interest in implementing and
>> developing it?
>>
>>   2.  Is there a clear understanding of potential /danger/ from doing this?
>>
>> These days, we mostly stop at the first half of Question 1.  But we have
>> pretty much always left the question of 'efficacy' to the market.
>>
> It seems to me that #1 is covered by virtue of the request existing in
> the first place.


Please re-read what I wrote a bit more carefully and consider the part I
said is mostly ignored, namely the second half of #1.  If you still hold
the view you stated, please explain how the second half has been satisfied.


> I would argue that #2 will be covered in whatever work-product the WG
> comes up with (just as any other RFC would have to document
> negative-impacts, lack of backward compatibility, etc.).

If there is no obvious problem with doing work in this space, then yeah
waiting until it's done to look for specific problems makes sense.  But
that's not applicable for the current type of work, as dangers of the
/category/ of work have already been cited.

d/

-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


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From: "Derek J. Balling" <dredd@megacity.org>
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On 12/2/2015 12:24 PM, Dave Crocker wrote:
>> It seems to me that #1 is covered by virtue of the request existing in=

>> the first place.
> Please re-read what I wrote a bit more carefully and consider the part =
I
> said is mostly ignored, namely the second half of #1.  If you still hol=
d
> the view you stated, please explain how the second half has been satisf=
ied.
"Is there clear indication that 'the community' wants to do this". OK,
how do we determine that?
"by virtue of there being folk who want spend time on wg development"?=20
It seems to be case that such people exist, or we wouldn't be having
this discussion. "(and) they or other folk making noises about interest
in implementing and developing it" It seems like this whole discussion
is that of "them and other folks" making noises about implementing and
developing it.
> If there is no obvious problem with doing work in this space, then
> yeah waiting until it's done to look for specific problems makes
> sense. But that's not applicable for the current type of work, as
> dangers of the /category/ of work have already been cited. d/=20
As the proponents of the WG have noted, the "big four" webmail providers
are already to some extent doing things similar to what the
WG-proponents are considering, and the Internet hasn't collapsed in pain
from their so doing. It seems, then, that any problems are, in fact,
non-obvious, as the ones which have been raised have been shown to be
(to some extent) overblown.



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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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>can describe) so we can get more data to #3.  However, I suspect that we
>will find that the majority of "use-cases" for Received data are harmful
>to users, ...

Not surprisingly, I suspect the exact opposite, that there's a long
list of ways that networks and mail operators use Received data to
help and protect their users, and the harm is at this point largely,
maybe entirely, speculative.  Over on ietf-smtp, we've heard from
actual mail system operators describing the uses they make of it.

The fact that you can tell approximately where someone is is not a
harm unless and you can explain how that information has been used to
his detriment.  You can kind of tell where I am from my mail headers,
but since my name and address and phone number are in the phone book,
it's hard to imagine what the damage would be.

Arguments along the lines of well, somebody might do this are not
persuasive.  Anyone might do anything.  I would also be pretty
surprised if any non-trivial mail provider changed their practices
beyond what they do now.  I presume you've seen Ned's list of how
large mail providers do and do not display submission IPs.

R's,
John


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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 12:40 PM John Levine wrote:
> You can kind of tell where I am from my mail headers,
> but since my name and address and phone number are in the phone book,
> it's hard to imagine what the damage would be.

The damage is that there are quite a few John Levines in the world.   If =
you say something that triggers someone's desire to harass you, they will =
be able to use your IP address to determine that it is the John Levine who =
lives in Trumansburg who offended them, and then they can just google =
=22John Levine Trumansburg=22 to dox or swat you.   This is =5Fprecisely=5F=
 the problem with revealing your IP address.   It took me about ten minutes=
 to get your home address, and that's because I don't have any practice.   =
Without the IP address, I would have had no chance of figuring out =
=5Fwhich=5F John Levine to target with my notional swatting or pizza =
delivery.  It would have taken <1 minute to find your street address except=
 that you did a good job of chaffing by using a P.O. Box.


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From nobody Wed Dec  2 10:23:53 2015
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Date: Wed, 2 Dec 2015 18:22:18 +0000
To: ietf-smtp@ietf.org
From: Richard Clayton <richard@highwayman.com>
References: <20151130042819.10658.qmail@ary.lan> <1448858775386-ceecd236-8b11ac04-a03b4438@fugue.com> <01PTPUIP3IUK01729W@mauve.mrochek.com> <11d014e5-9a6a-4b78-92a1-8e0a1e0a905d@gulbrandsen.priv.no> <lGTaHvC8ygXWFAuu@highwayman.com> <565EBD82.2030600@pscs.co.uk> <1449065151122-b9505bf5-be5f0e83-f9cdd79b@fugue.com> <565EFD93.2060507@pscs.co.uk> <1449070095816-c64690a8-829c0c47-fd944ab9@fugue.com> <565F162F.7010109@dcrocker.net> <565F1D1F.6080307@megacity.org> <565F1FCE.9040702@cs.tcd.ie> <565F2262.9080002@dcrocker.net> <565F236A.8060609@megacity.org> <565F2959.2080606@dcrocker.net> <565F2B73.3000407@megacity.org>
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In message <565F2B73.3000407@megacity.org>, Derek J. Balling
<dredd@megacity.org> writes

>"Is there clear indication that 'the community' wants to do this". OK,
>how do we determine that?
>"by virtue of there being folk who want spend time on wg development"? 
>It seems to be case that such people exist, or we wouldn't be having
>this discussion. "(and) they or other folk making noises about interest
>in implementing and developing it" It seems like this whole discussion
>is that of "them and other folks" making noises about implementing and
>developing it.

I'm unclear how many implementors and developers have chimed in so far.
The people whose names I have recognised have pretty much all been anti-
spam experts (working or consulting for large providers).

A concern would be that some of the enthusiasm for the process is people
may be planning to use the existence of an RFC as a stick with which to
beat into submission the implementors and the developers ("but you have
to do this, the IETF said so"). Now that may be the right way to
proceed, but I'm not entirely sure if the implementors and developers
would entirely concur.

Of course a sophisticated understanding of the different types of RFC
(and the precise meaning of SHOULD) makes this a non-issue, but that
understanding is thinly spread.

>> If there is no obvious problem with doing work in this space, then
>> yeah waiting until it's done to look for specific problems makes
>> sense. But that's not applicable for the current type of work, as
>> dangers of the /category/ of work have already been cited. d/ 
>As the proponents of the WG have noted, the "big four" webmail providers
>are already to some extent doing things similar to what the
>WG-proponents are considering, 

I'm not quite sure what is being considered, so I would disagree for
that reason alone.

>and the Internet hasn't collapsed in pain
>from their so doing. 

I know many in Law Enforcement who are extremely pained that what used
to be a trivial exercise in processing header field data from MAGY to
assess whether an investigation will be easy is no longer practical.

This has put a big delay in the way of determining how best to pursue an
email related lead (or indeed to decide whether or not a case is
tractable at all).

That may not pain you, but I assure you it pains the victims, and no I'm
not going to spend the rest of the day providing references as to the
accuracy of that claim. but reading this might give some clues:

<https://www.lightbluetouchpaper.org/2015/11/20/the-emotional-cost-of-
cybercrime/>

Of course the triage that I describe would be in most cases satisfied by
a "blob" that gave AS number and a user identifier (allowing a view to
be taken regarding jurisdiction and number of incidents that would be
linked).

In fact a user identifier would work better than IP addresses which can
vary considerably and in the case of mobile are pretty much useless as
identifiers of people. But any work schedule needs to make clear if the
aim is to hide identity or location or both -- there's separate trade-
offs for each.

- -- 
richard                                                   Richard Clayton

Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary 
Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Benjamin Franklin 11 Nov 1755

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From nobody Wed Dec  2 11:18:07 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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References: <20151130042819.10658.qmail@ary.lan> <1448858775386-ceecd236-8b11ac04-a03b4438@fugue.com> <01PTPUIP3IUK01729W@mauve.mrochek.com> <11d014e5-9a6a-4b78-92a1-8e0a1e0a905d@gulbrandsen.priv.no> <lGTaHvC8ygXWFAuu@highwayman.com> <565EBD82.2030600@pscs.co.uk> <1449065151122-b9505bf5-be5f0e83-f9cdd79b@fugue.com> <565EFD93.2060507@pscs.co.uk> <1449070095816-c64690a8-829c0c47-fd944ab9@fugue.com> <565F162F.7010109@dcrocker.net> <565F1D1F.6080307@megacity.org> <565F1FCE.9040702@cs.tcd.ie> <565F2262.9080002@dcrocker.net> <565F236A.8060609@megacity.org> <565F2959.2080606@dcrocker.net> <565F2B73.3000407@megacity.org> <s0K4btEabzXWFA88@highwayman.com>
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Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 1:22 PM Richard Clayton wrote:
> I know many in Law Enforcement who are extremely pained that what used
> to be a trivial exercise in processing header field data from MAGY to
> assess whether an investigation will be easy is no longer practical.
>=20
> This has put a big delay in the way of determining how best to pursue an
> email related lead (or indeed to decide whether or not a case is
> tractable at all).
>=20
> That may not pain you, but I assure you it pains the victims, and no I'm
> not going to spend the rest of the day providing references as to the
> accuracy of that claim. but reading this might give some clues:
>=20
> <https://www.lightbluetouchpaper.org/2015/11/20/the-emotional-cost-of-
> cybercrime/>

Does the linked article say anything to support the point you made above=3F=
   It's a study about the emotional impact of fraud, which I can tell you =
from personal experience, without reading the study, is pretty overwhelming=
, for many of the reasons cited in the study.

This is why I don't want 419 scammers to be able to scrape identifying info=
 about my elderly relatives off of their email.

As for the cops to whom you refer, who aren't mentioned in the article you =
mentioned, they would probably benefit from reading the RFC we've been =
talking about writing, since I suspect some of the information they need =
would be captured in it.


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> A concern would be that some of the enthusiasm for the process is people
> may be planning to use the existence of an RFC as a stick with which to
beat
> into submission the implementors and the developers ("but you have to do
> this, the IETF said so"). Now that may be the right way to proceed, but
I'm
> not entirely sure if the implementors and developers would entirely
concur.

What makes you think that the pressure is not happening right now? Why do
you think that so many of the big-name e-mail providers are already
redacting some of the "Received" information? Do you really believe that the
pressure would stop if the IETF just remained silent? 

The WG process will ensure that the IETF provides careful and balanced
guidance, and hopefully uniform implementations. The absence of IETF process
will only ensure that the pressure and implementations will happen without
IETF guidance. 

-- Christian Huitema







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To: shutup@ietf.org
From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/02/2015 02:17 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 1:22 PM Richard Clayton wrote:

>> <https://www.lightbluetouchpaper.org/2015/11/20/the-emotional-cost-of-
>> cybercrime/>

> Does the linked article say anything to support the point you made above?   It's a study about the emotional impact of fraud, which I can tell you from personal experience, without reading the study, is pretty overwhelming, for many of the reasons cited in the study.

The linked article does support why it's so important to prevent things 
like this happening, and why people like Richard (and myself and many 
others here) use items of information like we're talking about here to 
do just that.  Prevent it where we can, stop it getting through when we 
can, and help LE catch the guys doing it.  This is (part of) what many 
of us do for a living.

> This is why I don't want 419 scammers to be able to scrape identifying info about my elderly relatives off of their email.

Do you have any evidence that 419 scammers have any email from your 
elderly relatives that's amenable to scrape such info off of, let alone, 
have any use for such identifying information?  All they need is an 
email address and a trickable recipient.  Your elderly relatives have 
probably already put their street address, phone numbers, and photos of 
their pets (complete with geolocation in the JPGs) into the emails.

The perceived threat presented by archived mailing lists isn't so much 
about received lines (archives often don't contain much header detail 
anyway), but the addresses themselves.  That is what is of interest to 
419 scammers (and the spammer that spammed me less than 3 hours after 
creating this address for the sole purpose of this discussion!). 
Shouldn't this RFC be about obfuscating email addresses in mailing list 
archives?  It'd have more effect on 419 scammers.

> As for the cops to whom you refer, who aren't mentioned in the article you mentioned, they would probably benefit from reading the RFC we've been talking about writing, since I suspect some of the information they need would be captured in it.

Here's the draft in question:

[This is brief draft critique, which you can ignore, except for the fact 
that it indicates why a WG is necessary]

https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-email-received-privacy-01

The only operative content is:

    The purpose of this document is to propose a mechanism that
    implementers and operators of SMTP agents may adopt to mitigate the
    privacy violation.

Note the "may adopt" - sounds optional right?

and then:

    The "from clause" of the Received header MUST NOT be added by SMTP
    entities concerned with the privacy of their clients.

1) Is there anybody out there dumb enough to assert that they're NOT 
concerned with the privacy of their customers? This is therefore 
tantamount to an absolute requirement, not an option, and could be 
treated as such and potentially enforced through the courts, as well as 
by providers using this as an easy-out to do nothing whatsoever when 
abuse is reported to them.

2) I don't see anything in there that would mitigate the loss of this 
information in either the descriptive text nor the example given - since 
the from clause is simply omitted rather than, for example, translated 
into a interpretable-only-by-the-provider identifier blob.

3) It entirely begs the question of when the information of potential 
privacy concern isn't in a "from" clause.  Such as providers who issue 
X-Originating-IP headers, "authenticated as x on y" clauses in Received 
or other headers, and perhaps even details of personal crypto key 
identifiers.  Protocol specifications are intended to be taken 
literally, a protocol specification that doesn't effectively do what you 
want is useless.

4) The security section has nothing about the downsides of removing this 
information or even hint at less-privacy invasive alternatives.

How much of this is really a social issue that has to be addressed with 
societal action compared to a technical bandaid that only helps in rare 
circumstances?  If you're concerned about, say, governmental 
surveillance, I'm thinking that fixing your government is better than 
(only occasionally) hiding just this teensy bit of information from them.



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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/01/2015 08:57 PM, Stephen Farrell wrote:
>
>
> On 02/12/15 01:43, Chris Lewis wrote:
>>
>> It's far better to train them in the reality of what they need to do to
>> preserve their own privacy, than the impossibility of trying to
>> privacy-protect everything (and still have something anybody wants to use).
>
> Do you have any evidence for the above?

> But in any case, I think your argument is clearly wrong because we
> know that it is not possible to "train them" in security or privacy.
> (That leaves open the possibility that your conclusion is correct
> based on some other argument, but very much weakens confidence in
> your conclusion for me.)

You will find no person more in agreement that we cannot train 100% of 
people with PSAs and similar (the fact that 419s still flow is certainly 
proof of that), but the reality is that most people do learn such things 
one way or another.  You have and I have, otherwise, we'd not be having 
this discussion.  Did you get your knowledge from a PSA?  Your parents? 
  School?  The media?  Nope.  But you still got it.

Trying to "measure" the result of training is usually futile, because 
correctly posing the questions, and getting useful answers is equally 
complicated and fraught with definitional/terminology problems.  I groan 
whenever these surveys are published, because the questions are badly 
crafted, the answers irrelevant, the interpretation is completely out to 
lunch, and the media scrambles it unrecognizeably.

And indeed, does the fact that 1% of people are still liable to fall for 
a 419 mean that the training, education, PSAs, news media coverage of 
such things etc was all in vain?  No.  is it effective?  Somewhat. 
Perfect?  No.

The subject is mushy.  People are mushy.  Measuring things that are 
mushy in 2+ dimensions is worse. But most of us have managed to survive 
vastly more dangerous circumstances by learning how to avoid them along 
the way.  It's slow, but it happens.  Just type in "how to use email 
anonymously" into your search engine, and voila!

> IMO the onus is on us as technology developers to ensure that what
> we make allows those who deploy that to do a good enough job.

Is hiding from clauses sufficient to do that?  No, not when the people 
who use email don't understand that what they put in the bodies of the 
emails is usually FAR more revealing than a temporary IP address in an 
Internet cafe does, or the fact that my MTA's IP address indicates, at 
best, I'm "somewhere in south, maybe eastern ontario".

Nothing you can do with from clauses will affect the bad guys looking at 
you.

Only the people already conscious/understanding of personal 
safety/privacy are going understand and make the choices that they need 
to make to preserve their privacy.  A mere from clause is not going to 
it, and claiming that eliding from clauses does anything significant to 
preserve privacy is in the end a dangerous lie even just in an email 
context.

> In
> this case there is room for debate about the cumulative privacy
> exposure from many messages including MUA IP addresses (or of
> popular implementations defaulting to do so) vs. the benefits
> accruing to anti-spam techniques.

Please don't minimize it as just being "anti-spam".  I say I'm 
"anti-spam", but what that really means is anti-spam, anti-fraud, 
anti-malware.  The latter two have serious real-world consequences.  LE 
uses this to try to find people contemplating suicide, or equally, 
people making death/bomb threats or engaging in harassment.  ISPs use 
this to identify and inform customers that are infected with malware.

I (and several others here) could "document" some of what I've seen/been 
involved with where this matters, but that would in many cases (a) 
violate NDAs, (b) give the bad guys intel on how to avoid us, (c) 
probably violate privacy, and (d) since it's just me and not a vetted 
journal or something equally "reputable", some here will ignore it 
anyway as hearsay or self-serving BS.

[Which is ironic, because my work almost never involves MSA submission 
addresses, and it's not parsed let alone recorded.  I don't really have 
a horse in this race.]

This is real life too: user's savings and lives depend on some of this, 
not just a few annoying spam messages.

Yes, it would be nice for LE to say something, but the approvals 
required to say _anything_ whatsoever in public take a very long time, 
it'd probably get dismissed as self-serving hearsay, and as I've seen 
often, some people get all wobbly when LE is around.

It would also be nice for providers to say something, but the legal 
constraints of "speaking on behalf of/in public" are even worse.  When I 
did that once for a topic near to this, it took four months to get 
approvals and I had to go through a media relations course (until I 
pointed out that they didn't have to worry about be bleating out company 
future plans/finances because, unlike the senior executives normally 
taking the course, I couldn't possibly know any of that to leak).


From nobody Thu Dec  3 06:28:41 2015
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Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 6:37 AM Rich Kulawiec wrote:
> This is an excellent point which bears repeating.

No point bears repeating, particularly an assertion that solution X works =
for problems Y and Z without giving specifics.   Repeating the same =
assertion over and over again does not make it more true, and it is not the=
 case that the other readers of this mailing list did not understand it =
when you said it the first time.

That said, as Dave Crocker pointed out, the actual topic of this thread is =
supposed to be whether we want to have a working group that does an =
analysis of this problem.   It seems that you care quite a bit about this, =
and given the current industry trend toward more header privacy, it seems =
to me that you would want to be able to take some time to do the work to =
provide data to back up the assertion that you are saying is so important. =
  So can we take your assertion as support for forming such a working group=
, and a willingness to participate in it=3F


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From nobody Thu Dec  3 06:44:01 2015
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On 12/2/2015 7:58 PM, Chris Lewis wrote:
> You will find no person more in agreement that we cannot train 100% of
> people with PSAs and similar (the fact that 419s still flow is certainly
> proof of that), but the reality is that most people do learn such things
> one way or another. 

"Most people" do not.  Not even close to most people and very nearly
never any people consistently, since the ability of humans to perform
real-time and nuanced monitoring reliably like this, reliably and over
time, borders on no ability at all.

Feel free to provide documentation to the contrary.

The issue isn't whether people generally understand the general issue.
It's whether they can develop very specific understandings and apply
them in real time, to useful effect over extended time.


> Trying to "measure" the result of training is usually futile, because
> correctly posing the questions, and getting useful answers is equally
> complicated and fraught with definitional/terminology problems. 

Right.  That should alert us all to the challenges of the training itself.


d/
-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Thu Dec  3 06:53:43 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 4:26 AM Paul Smith wrote:
> Try finding which town *I* live in without using my email address... :-)

Wow, you've got some =5Fepic=5F chaffing going on!   First, Melbourne, UK, =
not Melbourne, Oz.   And then apparently =22Paul Smith=22 is a retailer of =
some sort, in both countries, and there's a Derbyshire council member named=
 Paul Smith, etc.

I will admit that I am stumped, but this is a bit of a perfect storm.   =
Having a last name of Smith and a common first name is certainly a great =
way to avoid being targeted, although it's also been known to get people in=
 trouble.   There is a Paul Smith who got in a bit of a jam for growing pot=
 in his garage who lives fairly close to you.   (Or perhaps =5Fis=5F you!  =
:)


--
Sent from Whiteout Mail - https://whiteout.io

My PGP key: https://keys.whiteout.io/mellon@fugue.=
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From nobody Thu Dec  3 08:15:03 2015
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> On Dec 1, 2015, at 8:54 AM, Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> wrote:
>=20
> Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 7:27 AM Arnt Gulbrandsen wrote:
>>> Sure, but in this case wouldn't deferring to the end systems> argue =
in favor of allowing end systems to make the decision as> to whether =
their private information should be exposed?
>>=20
>> As I see it, that's not the question here. The question is: Should =
there be an RFC that can be used/misused to apply pressure regarding =
trace fields etc?
>=20
> Yes, I agree that this is what we are discussing.   I think it's =
pretty clear that for Received header fields that refer to the IP =
address of the end-user, the answer is "yes, there should be such an =
RFC."   I haven't heard anyone seriously propose that this is not true, =
although I'd be interested to hear such an argument!

Well, I'll be the first, then.

When people routinely hide their identities - to the extent that a =
recipient cannot tell that two emails were sent by the same person - =
that eliminates many social and technical pressures on bad behaviour. =
But it *also* removes the ability for people to help them when their =
endpoints have been compromised.

The biggest email-related risk to peoples privacy is malware that =
compromises their computers (followed by phishing, that compromises =
their online accounts).

If someone is sending mail through a smarthost provider that a) hides =
the source of mail sent through them and b) has an abuse/security team =
that is anything less than top-tier then there is no way to identify =
that mail originated with them. When their machine is compromised, it =
can then send out malware and phishing itself, compromising others. And =
there's no way to contact the people responsible for the security of =
that machine - whether it be the end-user themself, the end-users =
employers IT department or the end-users residential ISP. The infection =
spreads faster, more people's privacy is violated.

*Routinely* removing end-user identifiers harms privacy.

Cheers,
  Steve


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On 12/01/2015 12:40 PM, John Levine wrote:

| Until we look at the actual costs and benefits, it's grossly
| premature to propose any changes.

Yes, I think that would be very valuable.  Educational at least.  I'm
in support of a WG for that purpose.

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On 12/01/2015 05:51 PM, Stephen Farrell wrote:
>
>
> On 01/12/15 18:21, Chris Lewis wrote:

> For example one could imagine replacing the MUA IP address value in
> a Received header field with something like E(k-epoch,
> MUA-IP-address) where k-epoch is some key that changes now and
> then, perhaps in a way that requires very little state in the MSA.

If you read on a little further, you'll note where I mentioned (and
Martin reiterated) "one-way encrypted blob".

Which I proposed to, for example, senior MTA people at gmail almost a
decade ago.


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Date: Tue, 1 Dec 2015 17:52:41 -0600
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From: Al Iverson <aiverson@spamresource.com>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On Tue, Dec 1, 2015 at 5:45 PM, Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> wrote:
> Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:11 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
>> When your cat's litter box gets infected with, say, cutwail, spewing gaz=
illions of copies of randomized "come do X to my Y!" exhortations, you're n=
ot giving the receiver (ML or ad-hoc) very much to distinguish between that=
 and your pearls of wisdom.
>
> Er, no, the cat box doesn't have my credentials nor know my email address=
, so it can't send spam from me.   If it sends spam from someone other than=
 me, the Received header field makes my /legitimate/ email look more like s=
pam, because both the cat's spam and my legitimate email have the same IP a=
ddress in the Received header field.

Is that a hobbyist configuration? Is it relevant? It sounds a bit like
a cat and the hat both sharing a NAT. But in a very common high volume
production email scenario used by email service providers, clients and
types of mail are segregated by sending IP address.

>  In this case I /definitely/ don't want the Received header field.

Noted that you don't. Just adding my voice: I do want it.

Regards,
Al Iverson

--
Al Iverson - Minneapolis - (312) 275-0130
Simple DNS Tools since 2008: xnnd.com
www.spamresource.com & aliverson.com


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--001a114a6fcce630e50525d9d393
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On Tue, Dec 1, 2015 at 6:56 AM, Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net> wrote:

> Folks seeking to discuss email at this level should consider becoming
> familiar with RFC 5598.  It will make careful discussion of email
> behavior a lot more consistent...
>

And in regard to indirect mail flows, may I recommend
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-dmarc-interoperability/

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On T=
ue, Dec 1, 2015 at 6:56 AM, Dave Crocker <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"m=
ailto:dhc@dcrocker.net" target=3D"_blank">dhc@dcrocker.net</a>&gt;</span> w=
rote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8e=
x;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-styl=
e:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div id=3D":1oz" class=3D"" style=3D"overflow:hid=
den">Folks seeking to discuss email at this level should consider becoming<=
br>
familiar with RFC 5598.=C2=A0 It will make careful discussion of email<br>
behavior a lot more consistent...</div></blockquote></div><br>And in regard=
 to indirect mail flows, may I recommend=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://datatracke=
r.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-dmarc-interoperability/">https://datatracker.ietf=
.org/doc/draft-ietf-dmarc-interoperability/</a></div></div>

--001a114a6fcce630e50525d9d393--


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Date: Tue, 1 Dec 2015 13:36:04 -0600
To: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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At 17:58 +0000 on 12/01/2015, Ted Lemon wrote about Re: [ietf-smtp] 
[Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Hea:

>The benefit is pretty obvious.   If my IP address and identity 
>information appears in a Received: header field, then I can't send 
>mail to a public mailing list without revealing to the world 
>geolocation information that could be used for doxxing/swatting me, 
>or for various other nefarious activities, and I can't send email to 
>an individual unless I am willing to reveal that information to that 
>individual.   And I can't send email through any server operated by 
>anyone to whom I do not wish to reveal that information.

I remember that years ago (but no longer) there was a remailer server 
somewhere in Europe that handled most of this situation. You sent it 
your message (with routing info in the message body) and it stripped 
off the identification info and headers and sent it to the desired 
destination using a new identity. All replies (and other messages to 
that identity) went back to the server which then repackaged the 
message and sent it back to you.

Of course you had to trust the remailer's operator and accept the 
fact that you were talking to it might be an exposure.


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On 12/01/2015 06:45 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:11 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
>> When your cat's litter box gets infected with, say, cutwail,
>> spewing gazillions of copies of randomized "come do X to my Y!"
>> exhortations, you're not giving the receiver (ML or ad-hoc) very
>> much to distinguish between that and your pearls of wisdom.
>
> Er, no, the cat box doesn't have my credentials nor know my email
> address, so it can't send spam from me.   If it sends spam from
> someone other than me, the Received header field makes my
> /legitimate/ email look more like spam, because both the cat's spam
> and my legitimate email have the same IP address in the Received
> header field.   In this case I /definitely/ don't want the Received
> header field.

Er yes, without the MSA-enforced IP address (or unique blob indicating
something similar) the filter can't necessarily tell whether your
legitimate email is different than the cat litter box.  By omitting
the MSA's received line your legitimate mail becomes _less_
distinguishable from the flying litter ... the ML has more chance of
lumping both of youse into the same bucket and so your email ends up
in the toilet too.

Even when everything is forged/forgeable (eg: regardless of whether
the MSA's headers are forged or decided to be trustworthy), the
uniformity of your Received/From tuples stands out in stark contrast
to the forged stuff (random or otherwise) to the ML - it gives the ML
more to "grab onto".

Now, with my piddly little mail server (which your steam punk mail
server doesn't seem to like BTW), the ML will rarely see enough signal
to do a proper analysis.  But at scale, the ML often will.


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From: Al Iverson <aiverson@spamresource.com>
To: shutup@ietf.org, ietf-smtp@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On Tue, Dec 1, 2015 at 8:30 PM, Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> wrote:
> Tuesday, Dec 1, 2015 6:52 PM Al Iverson wrote:
>> Is that a hobbyist configuration? Is it relevant? It sounds a bit like
>> a cat and the hat both sharing a NAT. But in a very common high volume
>> production email scenario used by email service providers, clients and
>> types of mail are segregated by sending IP address.
>
> My answer applies to both the gmail scenario and the private server scenario.   In both cases, putting my IP address in the Received header field means that my legitimate mail is more likely to be dropped as spam, not less likely.
>
>> Noted that you don't. Just adding my voice: I do want it.
>
> Correction: by "I do not want it," I mean "it do not want my mail legitimate getting dropped as spam," not "On a personal level, I don't like it."

Clarification:
1. Received headers and the IP addresses therein are currently
valuable for filtering today, for me, for others, and as I've observed
for others as big as AOL.
2. When I say "I do want it," I mean I think it would be a great loss
to lose the current information (IP address and/or received headers)
valuable for filtering purposes today under existing use cases. I want
received headers and IP address source information to remain in email
headers.
3. Your concern about your sending reputation being commingled with
your cats is already the way the world works today if your mail
streams are commingled. This is not a new problem and the proposed
potential solution of redacting IP addresses or removing received
headers takes data way instead of adding more data for filtering
purposes. It's sort of cutting off a leg because we don't like how the
arm works. Too much of spam filtering and reputation today is still IP
address-based to throw out that identifier today. Like Chris said, the
machine learning out there now almost always uses that identifier as
an input today.

Regards,
Al Iverson

--
Al Iverson - Minneapolis - (312) 275-0130
Simple DNS Tools since 2008: xnnd.com
www.spamresource.com & aliverson.com


From nobody Thu Dec  3 08:15:14 2015
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To: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>, dcrocker@bbiw.net
From: Dave Crocker <dhc2@dcrocker.net>
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On 12/2/2015 7:20 AM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 10:12 AM Dave Crocker wrote:
>> Absent hard data that shows efficacy, both of you are wrong.
> 
> Not leaking data is 100% effective at not leaking data.

A shame that has nothing to do with this thread or what I said.


>> At base, we don't know how to prevent folks from getting scammed,
>> while still allowing them to interact with the outside world.
> 
> We know that revealing their personal information is harmful.  

A shame that has nothing to do with this thread or what I said.


>> Lots of people are sure they know the right answer here, but none
>> of them can document efficacy.  Worse, most of the ways people cite
>> have already been demonstrated to be inadequate or unachievable.
> 
> Redacting IP address information from SMTP submission servers is very
> achievable, 

A shame that has nothing to do with this thread or what I said.


d/
-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


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From: "Derek J. Balling" <dredd@megacity.org>
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On 12/2/2015 10:12 AM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 9:49 AM John Levine wrote:
>> Different people are different and it is not helpful to pretend that
>> all end users are the same.  Most people say they care about privacy,
>> but their actions show that they actually don't, e.g., they'll trade
>> their password and SSN for a candy bar.
> Show your data or please stop making generalizations like this.   This =
is really not helpful.
>
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3639679.stm

--=20
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To: "shutup@ietf.org" <shutup@ietf.org>, "ietf-smtp@ietf.org" <ietf-smtp@ietf.org>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: ietf-smtp [mailto:ietf-smtp-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Ted
> Lemon
> Sent: Wednesday, December 02, 2015 1:03 PM
> To: shutup@ietf.org
> Cc: ietf-smtp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [ietf-smtp] [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers
> Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
>=20
> Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 12:40 PM John Levine wrote:
> > You can kind of tell where I am from my mail headers, but since my
> > name and address and phone number are in the phone book, it's hard to
> > imagine what the damage would be.
>=20
> The damage is that there are quite a few John Levines in the world.   If =
you
> say something that triggers someone's desire to harass you, they will be =
able
> to use your IP address to determine that it is the John Levine who lives =
in
> Trumansburg who offended them, and then they can just google "John
> Levine Trumansburg" to dox or swat you.   This is _precisely_ the problem
> with revealing your IP address.   It took me about ten minutes to get you=
r
> home address, and that's because I don't have any practice.   Without the=
 IP
> address, I would have had no chance of figuring out _which_ John Levine t=
o
> target with my notional swatting or pizza delivery.  It would have taken =
<1
> minute to find your street address except that you did a good job of chaf=
fing
> by using a P.O. Box.
>=20

It took me 20 seconds using google and no IP Addresses were harmed in the t=
esting - https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=3Dssl#q=3Djohn+levine. BTW John, co=
ngratulations on your page ranking.=20

I've refrained from getting into this conversation but increasingly my sens=
e is that Ted has a solution that is seeking a problem.

Mike


From nobody Thu Dec  3 11:13:26 2015
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>On 12/3/2015 5:44 AM, Jacob Palme wrote:
>> I think that the only workable method of getting rid of spam is to charge the sender of messages a price of perhaps 0.10
>$/recipient for sending messages.

>There are many approaches to solving spam that will work quite
>effectively, if only they were able to work at all.
>
>Your view is one of many that is oft-repeated, very appealing, and
>entirely unworkable in the current real-world.
>
>As such proposals always warrant, please carefully review Cory
>Doctorow's famous checklist:
>
>     http://craphound.com/spamsolutions.txt

For more details, see this white paper I wrote.

It's ten years old but nothing of importance has changed other than
that you might add the occasional extra zero to orders of magnitude.

http://www.taugh.com/epostage.pdf

R's,
John


From nobody Thu Dec  3 12:13:35 2015
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On 12/03/2015 09:44 AM, Dave Crocker wrote:
> On 12/2/2015 7:58 PM, Chris Lewis wrote:
>> You will find no person more in agreement that we cannot train 100% of
>> people with PSAs and similar (the fact that 419s still flow is certainly
>> proof of that), but the reality is that most people do learn such things
>> one way or another.

> "Most people" do not.  Not even close to most people and very nearly
> never any people consistently, since the ability of humans to perform
> real-time and nuanced monitoring reliably like this, reliably and over
> time, borders on no ability at all.

> Feel free to provide documentation to the contrary.

I'm going to appear flippant, but I think it's appropriate.

Neither you nor I have been killed by a bus.  Every time we meet I 
"document" that fact by saying "hi Dave" and chatting a bit (or do you 
want to see my passport next time?).

In fact, very few people have been killed by buses.

That success is not part of our genetic makeup, it's not wired in.  It 
required training to achieve that, it's very real-time, and requires 
nuanced monitoring ("is that thing possibly going to hit me?" to a 
degree that technology cannot make us immune).  Nor does the fact that a 
few people have been killed by a bus mean that the training didn't work.

We can build the signs, the fences, the traffic signals and so on, but, 
none of that's going to save me if I walk around the center of the city 
with my eyes closed.

The reality is that trying to retain the privacy level that some people 
think they need to have cannot be done "reliably" and still permit the 
use of the Internet in the way that most people want.  If we want to 
"nanny" privacy to this level, we really should be talking about filters 
that prevent people from giving out their phone numbers, addresses, 
pictures of pets (with geolocation in the jpgs), and vacation schedules 
in email or anywhere else.

People have to partition what they do between "what must be kept 
private" and what doesn't need to, and use measures appropriate to their 
actions at the time.

> The issue isn't whether people generally understand the general issue.
> It's whether they can develop very specific understandings and apply
> them in real time, to useful effect over extended time.

I contend that people can acquire general understandings (at least in 
this area) that requires no deep-dive into understanding the underlying 
technology to achieve the level of privacy they want, and in fact it's 
quite easy to a level far exceeding just removing "from" clauses. To 
whit: "If you want email privacy, use an anon remailer, there's lots 
listed on <search engine of choice>, and check out the reviews".

[My advice would also be "don't subscribe to IETF lists".  I've gotten 
11 spams in the few days since I created this email address to 
participate in this discussion.]

>> Trying to "measure" the result of training is usually futile, because
>> correctly posing the questions, and getting useful answers is equally
>> complicated and fraught with definitional/terminology problems.

> Right.  That should alert us all to the challenges of the training itself.

Or, alert us that our measurement methods are completely bogus, and we 
really should be measuring it some other way.

While I have no way to prove this, I should think that the success rates 
of 419s is lower than it would have been in the society of 20 years ago. 
  If not, the human race is far stupider than anyone thought and we're 
all doomed.

[I should be careful in saying that, after having one experience 
intervening with one allegedly hi-tech astute husband and wife who were 
about to fall for the exact same phish for the second time.]


From nobody Thu Dec  3 12:27:30 2015
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On Wednesday, December 2, 2015 8:11 AM, Derek J. Balling wrote:
> On 12/2/2015 10:12 AM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> > Wednesday, Dec 2, 2015 9:49 AM John Levine wrote:
> >> Different people are different and it is not helpful to pretend that
> >> all end users are the same.  Most people say they care about privacy,
> >> but their actions show that they actually don't, e.g., they'll trade
> >> their password and SSN for a candy bar.
> > Show your data or please stop making generalizations like this.   This
is
> really not helpful.
> >
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3639679.stm

That was a bit of stunt, polling people in the street outside a conference
room, designed to shock and grab attention with little attention paid to
demographics or study conditions. It is also 11 years old, and public
perceptions have evolved a lot since then, especially after the Snowden
revelations. For something a bit more scientific, balanced, and recent, I
recommend the Pew Research Center study on "Public perceptions of privacy,"
November 2014.
http://www.pewinternet.org/2014/11/12/public-privacy-perceptions/

The Pew Research study shows a fairly good awareness of privacy, a
widespread concern about surveillance by government and businesses, but also
a loss of confidence in the security of common communications channels. Most
say they want to do more to protect their privacy, but many believe it is
not possible to be anonymous online. And many of the responders were
actually taking steps to protect their privacy, however ineffective those
steps may be.

-- Christian Huitema







From nobody Thu Dec  3 16:36:21 2015
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From: Brandon Long <blong@google.com>
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Subject: [Shutup] Levels of proposals
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The WG proposal seems to imply taking all IPs out.  The discussion has
mostly been about submission.

It seems to me that there are at least three different IPs used, and some
of these are going to be visible regardless of intent.

Ie, there is the submission IPs, there are "internal" IPs, and external
ones.

Submission IPs seem like the largest level of risk, and from my gross
understanding of anti-spam, pretty minor.  I'm not sure what the current
source levels are, but submission IPs would be most useful in the case of
hijacked account spam or abusive account spam.  Presumably, if spam reports
about such are forwarded to the MSP, then the MSP can easily store the
information somewhere other than the easily forged headers and take the
appropriate action.  Only if the answer is "they don't take action" would
you need more.

Also, if the previous thread's list of large MSPs inclusion of submission
IPs is correct, then >2 out of the top 3 have already removed them (ie,
only a fraction of Gmail mail has them at this point).

Internal IPs, this hardly seems controversial.  If any mail system did
that, not sure if anyone would bat an eye.

External IPs, ie server to server... I guess one may learn "something" if
you can tell which submission server they talked to, we certainly have
servers across the world... but even with 20 odd locations, I doubt that
would be that specific.

So, I would recommend concentrating on submission IPs.  I might also
include a recommendation for submission servers to store the IPs for some
length of time to allow for abuse handling, or even to include an encrypted
version in the message.

Brandon

--001a113fe62e05f652052607b218
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<div dir=3D"ltr">The WG proposal seems to imply taking all IPs out.=C2=A0 T=
he discussion has mostly been about submission.<div><br></div><div>It seems=
 to me that there are at least three different IPs used, and some of these =
are going to be visible regardless of intent.</div><div><br></div><div>Ie, =
there is the submission IPs, there are &quot;internal&quot; IPs, and extern=
al ones.</div><div><br></div><div>Submission IPs seem like the largest leve=
l of risk, and from my gross understanding of anti-spam, pretty minor.=C2=
=A0 I&#39;m not sure what the current source levels are, but submission IPs=
 would be most useful in the case of hijacked account spam or abusive accou=
nt spam.=C2=A0 Presumably, if spam reports about such are forwarded to the =
MSP, then the MSP can easily store the information somewhere other than the=
 easily forged headers and take the appropriate action.=C2=A0 Only if the a=
nswer is &quot;they don&#39;t take action&quot; would you need more.</div><=
div><div><br></div><div>Also, if the previous thread&#39;s list of large MS=
Ps inclusion of submission IPs is correct, then &gt;2 out of the top 3 have=
 already removed them (ie, only a fraction of Gmail mail has them at this p=
oint).</div></div><div><br></div><div>Internal IPs, this hardly seems contr=
oversial.=C2=A0 If any mail system did that, not sure if anyone would bat a=
n eye.</div><div><br></div><div>External IPs, ie server to server... I gues=
s one may learn &quot;something&quot; if you can tell which submission serv=
er they talked to, we certainly have servers across the world... but even w=
ith 20 odd locations, I doubt that would be that specific.</div><div><br></=
div><div>So, I would recommend concentrating on submission IPs.=C2=A0 I mig=
ht also include a recommendation for submission servers to store the IPs fo=
r some length of time to allow for abuse handling, or even to include an en=
crypted version in the message.</div><div><br></div><div>Brandon</div></div=
>

--001a113fe62e05f652052607b218--


From nobody Thu Dec  3 16:53:42 2015
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Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 3:13 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
> In fact, very few people have been killed by buses.

The reason very few people are killed by buses, to the extent that this is =
even true, is not =5Fjust=5F that people have learned to look out for cross=
 traffic, although they certainly have.   It's that there is a whole system=
 of traffic laws that try to make sure that the bus and the person who =
would be killed by it do not occupy the same space at the same time.   =
There are sometimes stringent, sometimes lax, but very real licensing =
requirements to operate a bus, and if you are hired to operate a bus, and =
turn out to be a dangerous driver, you will probably lose your job.   In =
addition, there are rigorous inspection requirements in most localities =
(and where there aren't, bus fatalities are not coincidentally higher).

I think your analogy is a good one, but I don't think the conclusion you =
drew from it made any sense, because you only accounted for the behavior =
that people engage in to avoid being hit by buses, and that behavior is =
probably less than half of the protection that's in place to keep them from=
 getting hit.   Nobody is perfectly attentive.   You need a =
belt-and-suspenders system of defense if you are going to avoid accidents.

The same is true of email, and that's why we're having this conversation!


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From nobody Thu Dec  3 17:19:59 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] Levels of proposals
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This seems like another sensible opinion that doesn't make
overbroad claims about the goodness/badness of what's proposed
to be examined. More of us limiting our posting like this
would be good IMO.

S.

On 04/12/15 00:36, Brandon Long wrote:
> The WG proposal seems to imply taking all IPs out.  The discussion has
> mostly been about submission.
> 
> It seems to me that there are at least three different IPs used, and some
> of these are going to be visible regardless of intent.
> 
> Ie, there is the submission IPs, there are "internal" IPs, and external
> ones.
> 
> Submission IPs seem like the largest level of risk, and from my gross
> understanding of anti-spam, pretty minor.  I'm not sure what the current
> source levels are, but submission IPs would be most useful in the case of
> hijacked account spam or abusive account spam.  Presumably, if spam reports
> about such are forwarded to the MSP, then the MSP can easily store the
> information somewhere other than the easily forged headers and take the
> appropriate action.  Only if the answer is "they don't take action" would
> you need more.
> 
> Also, if the previous thread's list of large MSPs inclusion of submission
> IPs is correct, then >2 out of the top 3 have already removed them (ie,
> only a fraction of Gmail mail has them at this point).
> 
> Internal IPs, this hardly seems controversial.  If any mail system did
> that, not sure if anyone would bat an eye.
> 
> External IPs, ie server to server... I guess one may learn "something" if
> you can tell which submission server they talked to, we certainly have
> servers across the world... but even with 20 odd locations, I doubt that
> would be that specific.
> 
> So, I would recommend concentrating on submission IPs.  I might also
> include a recommendation for submission servers to store the IPs for some
> length of time to allow for abuse handling, or even to include an encrypted
> version in the message.
> 
> Brandon
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Shutup mailing list
> Shutup@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/shutup
> 


From nobody Thu Dec  3 18:00:09 2015
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On 12/03/2015 07:36 PM, Brandon Long wrote:
> The WG proposal seems to imply taking all IPs out.  The discussion has
> mostly been about submission.

The draft has been mostly about submission, but there have been some 
conversations about internals.  I've seen auditors bring up points about 
obscuring internals (corporate context, it's one of their checkoff 10 
commandments), but, we managed to convince them that ease of diagnosing 
problems outweighed the downsides.

Before getting too far into concrete proposals, we still need to decide 
whether it should be done, and what (if anything) should be done in 
mitigation.

That said:

> Submission IPs seem like the largest level of risk, and from my gross
> understanding of anti-spam, pretty minor.

Yes, and no...  It depends on how you use/acquire them, this is a fairly 
complex/esoteric end of spam filtering, and just doing it justice would 
take up pages of text.  I'll try to short cut - purely from a filtering 
but not-ML perspective:

Using them:

If you have a list of IPs known to be infected with AUTH-cracking 
spambots, it's of immediate/valuable use to both the MSAs themselves in 
detecting malicious injects, as well as the recipient's filtering, and 
header forgery is not an issue (certainly not to MSAs, and headers that 
forge collisions with the list you don't want anyway).

The potential yields are huge - ISPs (using a list we create of 2.2M IPs 
demonstrably capable of AUTH-cracking) can see botnet suppression rates 
at the MSA of 80% (of all submissions) or even higher, depending on the 
spam/botnet de-jour.  In just one case it's in the 1000+/second range. 
Some of these botnets are very very prolific per IP.

Which boils down to the MSAs being able to stop it at source, or the 
receivers being able to stop it at destination.  If a significant 
fraction of MSAs stopped it at source, then, maybe, the MSA Received 
line isn't important.  But where they don't (the majority), losing the 
MSA Received line is potentially a big hit.

Obtaining them:

Obviously, someone trying to authenticate to you and is demonstrably 
infected isn't spoofable.  That yields the vast majority of our list.

On a case-by-case basis with specialized knowledge it is possible to 
derive trustworthy infected submission addresses from received lines. 
Yes, actually, it really is.  Useful, but not terribly significant (or 
at least how far we've followed that rathole).

By eliminating MSA received clauses, it means that only the MSA can do 
blocking based on this technique, the receivers can't.

On one server, in a 40 minute interval, 774123 out of 1126763 
connections were AUTH spoofing from just one particular botnet.  That's 
775,000 spams that ordinary receivers couldn't filter via IP if the from 
clauses disappeared.

> Also, if the previous thread's list of large MSPs inclusion of
> submission IPs is correct, then >2 out of the top 3 have already removed
> them (ie, only a fraction of Gmail mail has them at this point).

The top 3 aren't generally large scale botnet spam sources, and botnets 
generally don't use real mail servers (except via AUTH crackers), and 
the top 3 are amply well instrumented with rate limiters etc.  So they 
really aren't relevant to this.


From nobody Thu Dec  3 18:11:58 2015
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Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 9:00 PM Chris Lewis wrote:
> If you have a list of IPs known to be infected with AUTH-cracking =
spambots, it's of immediate/valuable use to both the MSAs themselves in =
detecting malicious injects, as well as the recipient's filtering, and =
header forgery is not an issue (certainly not to MSAs, and headers that =
forge collisions with the list you don't want anyway).

Can you unpack =22AUTH-cracking spambots=22 for the greenhorns=3F   I have =
no idea what this means, and google unfortunately was unable to help.


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From nobody Thu Dec  3 18:39:41 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp]  Levels of proposals
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Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 9:31 PM Russ Allbery wrote:
> Standard practice for attackers these days is to automate attacks on any
> sort of password-protected system, whether that be web pages,
> authentication providers, or anything else that takes a password.  =
Usually
> this is done by taking some list of common passwords and some list of
> account names and just brute-forcing combinations, although some =
attackers
> do more sophisticated things.
>=20
> Obviously, that sort of brute force approach is easy to detect and
> throttle, so the next step in the arms race was for attackers to use =
large
> networks of compromised machines, usually home machines behind DSL and
> cable modem links, each of which tries a small number of passwords =
against
> a variety of targets to stay below the radar.  Those machines were
> generally compromised via malware of some kind and are part of a botnet,
> without the knowledge of the user of the machine.

Thanks for explaining!

I am still a bit puzzled: how does increasing the number of attackers help =
to bypass the throttling mechanism=3F   Why isn't the throttle per =
id/password pair, rather than per ip-address/password/id triple=3F

Secondarily, if distributed processing makes throttling per id/password =
pair difficult, why is it hard to do the botnet IP address matching at the =
authentication point=3F   This seems like it would avoid a =5Flot=5F of =
extra processing.


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From nobody Thu Dec  3 18:48:52 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 9:39 PM Robert A. Rosenberg wrote:
> If the message is HTML, then putting a 1x1 web-bug image in the HTML will=
 trigger the info UNLESS the user's MUA is set to NOT automatically =
retrieve images.

That retrieving images is the default behavior of most MUAs, and that it is=
 even possible to do without cryptographically validating the ID of the =
sender in =5Fany=5F MUA, is an example of what I am talking about when I =
say that UI design is vitally important to protecting users' privacy.

Obviously if you have an MUA that behaves so stupidly, then your privacy is=
 forfeit.   At present, that's most MUAs.   This is something that I hope =
MUA implementors will wise up to, and we ought to be advising them to if we=
 aren't already.

There are some ways of fixing this without involving the MUA.   E.g., if a =
user gets email with links to images, rewrite all of the links to point to =
a proxy that has a mapping between each rewritten link and the original; if=
 the MUA fetches against that link, proxy it.   This protects the end =
user's IP address without requiring that they install a new MUA, and should=
 be the default behavior of every mail system (but I suspect isn't the =
default behavior of any, although I heard Google was contemplating doing =
something like this).


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From nobody Thu Dec  3 20:22:53 2015
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Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 10:48 PM Russ Allbery wrote:
>> I am still a bit puzzled: how does increasing the number of attackers
>> help to bypass the throttling mechanism=3F  Why isn't the throttle per
>> id/password pair, rather than per ip-address/password/id triple=3F
>=20
> Why would you throttle per id/password pair=3F  The attacker doesn't try =
the
> same pair more than once.  That would be pointless.

I think you missed the distinction I was making.   You are describing =
throttling per ip-address, irrespective of the password/id pair.   I am =
asking why you don't simply say =22if more than 10 attempts are made on =
this username per hour, lock it out for a while.=22   This is a common =
practice on some web sites.   If you require the user to have a =
non-dictionary password, then 10 attempts per hour is few enough to prevent=
 a botnet of any number of hosts from guessing that password.

> The TLDR in case something about that message was confusing is that only
> the authentication point can block the IP addresses at the =
authentication
> point, but you can analyze Received headers to do a bunch of other things=
,
> such as determine compromised botnet IP addresses that someone else
> *didn't* block but that you *do* want to block for *your* service.  It
> improves the scale and flexibility of what you can do by basically =
giving
> you more threat intelligence.

Yes, I have heard that before.  It makes sense.   However, it does make me =
wonder why you don't just stop accepting mail from sites that are this =
badly run until they shape up.   You seem to be suggesting that it's =
because you value the intelligence that you glean from their incompetence. =
  Did I misunderstand=3F


--
Sent from Whiteout Mail - https://whiteout.io

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From nobody Fri Dec  4 00:11:45 2015
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Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> writes:
> Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 9:00 PM Chris Lewis wrote:

>> If you have a list of IPs known to be infected with AUTH-cracking
>> spambots, it's of immediate/valuable use to both the MSAs themselves in
>> detecting malicious injects, as well as the recipient's filtering, and
>> header forgery is not an issue (certainly not to MSAs, and headers that
>> forge collisions with the list you don't want anyway).

> Can you unpack "AUTH-cracking spambots" for the greenhorns?  I have no
> idea what this means, and google unfortunately was unable to help.

Standard practice for attackers these days is to automate attacks on any
sort of password-protected system, whether that be web pages,
authentication providers, or anything else that takes a password.  Usually
this is done by taking some list of common passwords and some list of
account names and just brute-forcing combinations, although some attackers
do more sophisticated things.

Obviously, that sort of brute force approach is easy to detect and
throttle, so the next step in the arms race was for attackers to use large
networks of compromised machines, usually home machines behind DSL and
cable modem links, each of which tries a small number of passwords against
a variety of targets to stay below the radar.  Those machines were
generally compromised via malware of some kind and are part of a botnet,
without the knowledge of the user of the machine.

This is used against SMTP AUTH just like it is against anything else on
the Internet that takes a password.  The usual goal is to send out spam
using other people's valid credentials to bypass spam filtering, or to
send phishing or stock pump and dump schemes, or what have you.

One useful tool in fighting this sort of attack is to be able to collect
and share information about currently compromised client IP addresses so
that you can detect them as being part of a bot net and use much more
aggressive rate limiting on these sorts of attempts, or block any email
that they successfully sent after cracking someone's SMTP AUTH password.

-- 
Russ Allbery (eagle@eyrie.org)              <http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>


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Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> writes:

> I am still a bit puzzled: how does increasing the number of attackers
> help to bypass the throttling mechanism?  Why isn't the throttle per
> id/password pair, rather than per ip-address/password/id triple?

Why would you throttle per id/password pair?  The attacker doesn't try the
same pair more than once.  That would be pointless.

Let me try explaining this from a different direction.  Suppose you are an
attacker.  You have a list of 10,000 common account names, and a list of
10,000 common passwords.  You want to try each of those passwords with
each of those account names and try to find a combination that works.

If you connect from your compromised host and start plowing through the
100 million combinations, after the first few thousand that you try from
that host any decent authentication system will go "hey, there are tons of
failed authentications from this one IP address" and block all further
attempts, successful or not, from that IP address.  That's pretty easy to
implement.

So what the attacker does instead is use their botnet of a million
compromised personal computers (that's sadly not really an exaggeration),
and has each one of those hosts try 100 combinations and then disconnect.
This is now below (or at least near) the threshold for an actual customer
typoing their address or password or something, and rate limiting becomes
fairly useless as a defense.

> Secondarily, if distributed processing makes throttling per id/password
> pair difficult, why is it hard to do the botnet IP address matching at
> the authentication point?  This seems like it would avoid a _lot_ of
> extra processing.

Chris addressed this quite well in his message.  I don't really have much
to add to what he already said.

The TLDR in case something about that message was confusing is that only
the authentication point can block the IP addresses at the authentication
point, but you can analyze Received headers to do a bunch of other things,
such as determine compromised botnet IP addresses that someone else
*didn't* block but that you *do* want to block for *your* service.  It
improves the scale and flexibility of what you can do by basically giving
you more threat intelligence.

-- 
Russ Allbery (eagle@eyrie.org)              <http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>


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At 22:58 -0500 on 12/02/2015, Chris Lewis wrote about Re: [ietf-smtp] 
[Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Hea:

>Trying to "measure" the result of training is usually futile, 
>because correctly posing the questions, and getting useful answers 
>is equally complicated and fraught with definitional/terminology 
>problems.  I groan whenever these surveys are published, because the 
>questions are badly crafted, the answers irrelevant, the 
>interpretation is completely out to lunch, and the media scrambles 
>it unrecognizeably

Then there is the issue of "Push Polls" were the questions and/or 
responses to select from are deliberately designed to insure that you 
get the desired results you want since it is impossible to get any 
other result.


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Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> writes:
> Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 10:48 PM Russ Allbery wrote:

>> Why would you throttle per id/password pair?  The attacker doesn't try
>> the same pair more than once.  That would be pointless.

> I think you missed the distinction I was making.  You are describing
> throttling per ip-address, irrespective of the password/id pair.  I am
> asking why you don't simply say "if more than 10 attempts are made on
> this username per hour, lock it out for a while."

Oh, you didn't mean throttle by id/password pair.  You meant throttle
purely by user ID.

There are two reasons (well, at least -- maybe more) why this doesn't help
as much as it sounds like it would, particularly in the case of SMTP AUTH.

One is that the attacker just changes the pattern of their brute force
search to distribute it across more known accounts or across more time, so
they just probe more accounts with fewer passwords.  It's all the same to
them; they're just doing a combinatoric search, and varying parameters
that way doesn't have too negative of an impact on their ability to
compromise accounts.

Another reason is more specific to SMTP AUTH: dozens of incorrect login
attempts for the same username is a common *legitimate* pattern for users
who have a single misconfigured device (a typo in their password, for
instance.  (And thanks to cell phones, those failed logins often come from
a huge variety of IP addresses.)  SMTP UAs often retry authentication
pretty aggressively and will happily look like an attacker.  If you lock
an account for that pattern, you can lock out that user's other legitimate
devices.  Web sites usually don't have to worry as much about automated
incorrect legitimate login attempts.

Now, you can do more complex things like checking whether the failures are
all the same password or are different passwords; I'm not saying there
aren't multiple approaches here.  My point, rather, is that figuring out
what IP addresses are probably part of botnets is really useful and not
something to be casually discarded as additional information for your
abuse prevention.

This example is obviously simplified in an attempt to answer your original
question, since you said you were wholly ignorant of this whole area of
abuse handling.  Real-world scenarios get more complicated and involve
more complex parameters to rate limiting and ways of figuring out what's
going on.  The point is that threat intelligence about compromised IPs is
really useful input into those systems, and that can be garnered from spam
email Received headers in some fairly effective ways, as touched on by
Chris in his original message.

Note that this sort of thing (login abuse detection) is something for
which many companies employ an entire team of full-time people devoted to
nothing but this.  Those people use all the relevant tools that they can
get their hands on because this is an arms race against quite
sophisticated attackers.

I was (mostly successfully) staying out of this thread, but one other
comment I'll make while I'm here: I suspect a lot of people who work on
email abuse detection and mail filtering would make the argument that they
care just as greatly about user privacy as you do, but consider phishing
attacks a much more serious threat to the privacy of the average user than
the information that leaks out in email headers.  It's one thing to get a
user's home address; it's quite another to get all of their bank
information and access to their personal email.  Obviously none of us want
those two goals to be in conflict, but please remember that spam filtering
is also *phishing* filtering, and therefore is *also* privacy defense for
users, and quite important privacy defense at that.

> Yes, I have heard that before.  It makes sense.  However, it does make
> me wonder why you don't just stop accepting mail from sites that are
> this badly run until they shape up.  You seem to be suggesting that it's
> because you value the intelligence that you glean from their
> incompetence.  Did I misunderstand?

Yes, in a couple of ways.

For one, just deciding to ban whole sending sites from your email system
and saying tough luck if someone at that site wants to mail you is the
sort of thing that you can do if you're running a hobbyist or personal
mail service.  When you have a large-scale email system for paying
customers, it turns out that those customers are unimpressed by your
decision to not let specific people talk to them because you don't like
how they run their mail system.  Or, similarly, if you're running a
large-scale mail system for a company, deciding that your sales people
don't get to hear from certain prospects, or that your business people
simply don't get to talk to certain domains, based on your opinions about
their email policy doesn't go over well.  You have to be pretty damn sure
that the sending site is 100% garbage before you can do things like that,
as opposed to something more sophisticated.

For another, I think you're missing that can garner useful information
from the Received headers of messages that you *reject*.  You can accept
the whole message body first and then reject it or throw it away.  If
you're pretty sure for other reasons that this collection of a few million
messages are all spam or phishing, analyzing the headers of those messages
to pull out patterns like, say, a list of submission IP addresses and then
using that IP addresses as an additional data point in analyzing more
borderline messages, or as a set of IP addresses for which to do
additional login throttling for your own authentication systems, can be
very helpful.  Chris had some concrete numbers in his original message.

-- 
Russ Allbery (eagle@eyrie.org)              <http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>


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At 02:48 +0000 on 12/04/2015, Ted Lemon wrote about Re: [ietf-smtp] 
[Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Hea:

>Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 9:39 PM Robert A. Rosenberg wrote:
>>  If the message is HTML, then putting a 1x1 web-bug image in the 
>>HTML will trigger the info UNLESS the user's MUA is set to NOT 
>>automatically retrieve images.
>
>That retrieving images is the default behavior of most MUAs, and 
>that it is even possible to do without cryptographically validating 
>the ID of the sender in _any_ MUA, is an example of what I am 
>talking about when I say that UI design is vitally important to 
>protecting users' privacy.
>
>Obviously if you have an MUA that behaves so stupidly, then your 
>privacy is forfeit.   At present, that's most MUAs.   This is 
>something that I hope MUA implementors will wise up to, and we ought 
>to be advising them to if we aren't already.

As you can see from my X-Mailer header (which BTW [since we are 
talking about leaking info] leaks the fact that I am using a Mac and 
what MacOS Version I am running) I use Eudora. One of its settings 
(which I have set) tells the MUA to NOT fetch images and to wait 
until I click on the image icon to replace the icon with the actual 
image. Thus I see the icon whenever I am sent a Web-Bug in lieu of 
the bug calling home.


From nobody Fri Dec  4 05:11:04 2015
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On 12/03/2015 09:11 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:

> Can you unpack "AUTH-cracking spambots" for the greenhorns?   I have no idea what this means, and google unfortunately was unable to help.

Primarily botnets that connect to MSAs and use stolen (or potentially 
brute-forced) userid/password credentials in order to use the MSA/MTA 
combo as an open relay.

There's at least one major windows executable botnet that does this in 
very high volumes.  This is a particularly long-standing botnet that has 
many other nasty tricks at its disposal (DDOS, keystroke harvesting, 
account stealing etc).

There are several web server compromises that do the same thing, 
potentially using the same sources for compromised userid/passwords, 
tho, these aren't nearly the volume as the aforementioned botnet.

It's really quite surprising how successful that some spam campaigns are 
in doing this, and I can only imagine that at least part of it is  the 
botnet dredging out an infected user's MSA/userid/password triple from 
their mail reader and propagating it to the rest of the botnet (along 
with harvesting address books), and hence have enormous numbers of 
compromised accounts to exploit.  They may also be using more generic 
userid/password dumps from online site leaks.

We've seen ISPs subject to massive attacks where hundreds or thousands 
(or more) of different IPs do authenticated MSA submissions of 10s or 
100s of thousands of spams in fairly short (hours) intervals, resulting 
in traffic flows 100s of times above normal to the point of overloading 
the ISP's MSAs.  This is even with quite aggressive per-user and per-IP 
rate limiting.

AUTH-cracking to this extent is a relatively recent phenomena, and is 
clearly being used as an attempt to bypass normal direct-2-MX botnet 
blocking and hijack the reputation of the MTA instead of some random 
cracked PC.


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On 12/03/2015 10:48 PM, Russ Allbery wrote:
> Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> writes:
>
>> I am still a bit puzzled: how does increasing the number of attackers
>> help to bypass the throttling mechanism?  Why isn't the throttle per
>> id/password pair, rather than per ip-address/password/id triple?

> So what the attacker does instead is use their botnet of a million
> compromised personal computers (that's sadly not really an exaggeration),
> and has each one of those hosts try 100 combinations and then disconnect.
> This is now below (or at least near) the threshold for an actual customer
> typoing their address or password or something, and rate limiting becomes
> fairly useless as a defense.

Hi Russ, it's been a long time since we last were in the same place 
(physically or otherwise ;-)

One of the most depressing indicators I've seen is watching thousands of 
different IPs only attempt one or two submissions, and not trying again 
EVEN THO both submissions succeeded and none failed.

Secondly, we have full instrumentation, and the passwords they're trying 
are pretty obviously not "common password" dictionaries or brute-forcing 
attempts.

Clearly they're not lacking in compromised accounts.

So, the problem is much larger than "brute force or common password 
dictionaries"

>> Secondarily, if distributed processing makes throttling per id/password
>> pair difficult, why is it hard to do the botnet IP address matching at
>> the authentication point?  This seems like it would avoid a _lot_ of
>> extra processing.

> Chris addressed this quite well in his message.  I don't really have much
> to add to what he already said.

Yeah, it's obvious that the authentication point is the best place to do 
it, but the reality is that most of them don't (we're working on that), 
so...

> The TLDR in case something about that message was confusing is that only
> the authentication point can block the IP addresses at the authentication
> point, but you can analyze Received headers to do a bunch of other things,
> such as determine compromised botnet IP addresses that someone else
> *didn't* block but that you *do* want to block for *your* service.  It
> improves the scale and flexibility of what you can do by basically giving
> you more threat intelligence.

you have to do it for them so that _you_ can block what they should have 
and didn't.

Furthermore, intelligent botnet operators will aim their cannons away 
from the sites successful at MSA-blocking to the ones who aren't.


From nobody Fri Dec  4 05:46:57 2015
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On 12/03/2015 11:53 PM, Russ Allbery wrote:
> Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com> writes:
>> Thursday, Dec 3, 2015 10:48 PM Russ Allbery wrote:
>
>>> Why would you throttle per id/password pair?  The attacker doesn't try
>>> the same pair more than once.  That would be pointless.
>
>> I think you missed the distinction I was making.  You are describing
>> throttling per ip-address, irrespective of the password/id pair.  I am
>> asking why you don't simply say "if more than 10 attempts are made on
>> this username per hour, lock it out for a while."

> Oh, you didn't mean throttle by id/password pair.  You meant throttle
> purely by user ID.
>
> There are two reasons (well, at least -- maybe more) why this doesn't help
> as much as it sounds like it would, particularly in the case of SMTP AUTH.

Third and most telling reason: few people know how many valid 
id/password pairs they already have, and coupled with the large numbers 
of IPs they also have, and the fact that userid/password pairs often 
work under multiple services, you can spread the spam across so many IPs 
and userids that throttling is only useful in some marginal edge cases 
(even when the throttle levers are in the hands of a certified BOFH).

Case in point: less than 10% of our list of auth-cracking IPs is derived 
from methods useable by MSAs, and those that are derived from MSAs 
utilize very specialized fingerprinting that has nothing to do with 
throttles.


From nobody Fri Dec  4 07:34:47 2015
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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/01/2015 10:09 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:

> I am very curious to hear your numbers, as long as you explain how you got them.  I don't mean explain your spam algorithm--I mean characterize your sample, and explain why you think it's a good sample, and explain your methodology: what you did to the sample for test A versus what you did for test B.   Interesting things to do for the test sample to differentiate it from the control sample would be removing the last Received header field entirely (last in sequence, meaning first added), modifying the From clause for example as Stephen Farrell suggested, or simply deleting the From clause but keeping the rest of the last Received header field.

The issue here is even describing the methodology of comparing the test 
sets and the discussion about how it's very difficult to catch the same 
spam in other ways, reveals altogether too much information for spammers 
to use.

The numbers I've been able to give in these threads should be 
informative and are about as far as I can go.

> BTW, turning off the Received header field testing for a week isn't a valid methodology, since there's no way to control for the rather substantial variation in amounts and types of spam from week to week.

Actually, even though I'm not specifically measuring this over long 
periods of time (because the efficacious is already proven well enough 
to me and the systems who use the results which is what matters), I 
could readily provide time-series numbers that take into account that 
variation and demonstrate the usefulness of the technique.  But I don't 
think it worth the days worth of digging through old log files, and the 
exposure risk to the measurement infrastructure itself it would take to 
prove to you that I actually do know what I'm talking about.

>> In an ideal world, when everybody here was under NDA, I could give you some of the obvious, compelling and overwhelming evidence.

> I don't think you could.   You've said enough things that don't actually make sense at this point that I would really need you to show your work, not just give me assurances like the following:

Your inability to make sense of what I've said is demonstrative of a 
lack of operational experience.  I don't like "I know, and can't tell 
you how, trust me" arguments from authority any more than you do. 
Ironically, most people say I talk far too much.  I like explaining 
things and do a lot of free training in the appropriately secured 
venues.  But sometimes I have no choice.

Sorry.

If you can tell me what I said doesn't make sense, maybe I could fix 
those bits.


From nobody Fri Dec  4 07:35:21 2015
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From: Ned Freed <ned.freed@mrochek.com>
In-reply-to: "Your message dated Thu, 03 Dec 2015 20:53:32 -0800" <874mfy95mb.fsf@hope.eyrie.org>
References: <CABa8R6vfT-9=51B32++eUAVeq5xuhTNUuv62yeO+W6AErRFnDQ@mail.gmail.com> <5660F3A1.7060807@mustelids.ca> <1449195108085-9ef6f394-96f931b3-20b99bd2@fugue.com> <87k2ov7xly.fsf@hope.eyrie.org> <1449196775597-73137a19-d32873ba-cad85c2a@fugue.com> <87a8pq98m3.fsf@hope.eyrie.org> <1449202966785-573af732-876dd2d9-16d51672@fugue.com> <874mfy95mb.fsf@hope.eyrie.org>
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Cc: shutup@ietf.org, Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>, ietf-smtp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp]  Levels of proposals
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> Oh, you didn't mean throttle by id/password pair.  You meant throttle
> purely by user ID.

An important reason not to have a pure user ID block is it provides an easy way
to block someone's access to their email: Simply set up a system to constantly
bang on their account with the wrong password, and they're effectively locked
out.

An alternative is a pure user ID slowdown (as opposed to a complete block),
but there are limits to how effective this can be. Bad guys can afford to be
patient whereas legitimate clients time out pretty quickly, turning a 
slowdown back into a block.

> There are two reasons (well, at least -- maybe more) why this doesn't help
> as much as it sounds like it would, particularly in the case of SMTP AUTH.

> One is that the attacker just changes the pattern of their brute force
> search to distribute it across more known accounts or across more time, so
> they just probe more accounts with fewer passwords.  It's all the same to
> them; they're just doing a combinatoric search, and varying parameters
> that way doesn't have too negative of an impact on their ability to
> compromise accounts.

> Another reason is more specific to SMTP AUTH: dozens of incorrect login
> attempts for the same username is a common *legitimate* pattern for users
> who have a single misconfigured device (a typo in their password, for
> instance.  (And thanks to cell phones, those failed logins often come from
> a huge variety of IP addresses.)  SMTP UAs often retry authentication
> pretty aggressively and will happily look like an attacker.  If you lock
> an account for that pattern, you can lock out that user's other legitimate
> devices.  Web sites usually don't have to worry as much about automated
> incorrect legitimate login attempts.

I note that this also applies to IMAP and POP3. In fact the most common
case is probably going to be legitimate IMAP clients banging on the door.

Sometimes a single client even does it from multiple threads.

			Ned


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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp]  Levels of proposals
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On 12/4/2015 8:10 AM, Chris Lewis wrote:
> On 12/03/2015 09:11 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
>
>> Can you unpack "AUTH-cracking spambots" for the greenhorns?   I have
>> no idea what this means, and google unfortunately was unable to help.
>
> Primarily botnets that connect to MSAs and use stolen (or potentially
> brute-forced) userid/password credentials in order to use the MSA/MTA
> combo as an open relay.
>
> ...
>
> AUTH-cracking to this extent is a relatively recent phenomena, and is
> clearly being used as an attempt to bypass normal direct-2-MX botnet
> blocking and hijack the reputation of the MTA instead of some random
> cracked PC.

Hi, I'm surprise to read you say this is "relatively recent."  Are you 
mean in months, years or one to several decades?

I have seen tons of "auth-cracking/brute force" auth attempts done at 
all the IP protocol servers. Generally, they do it all in one 
connection session where a "Maximum Failed Login Attempt" count may is 
used.  I always knew it was possible, but I suppose there are now 
increased distributed "botnet" forms of this where the Failed Login 
Attempt Count would be reset at the connection.  I have not seen the 
need to do much because I am not seeing damage. Everything (robust 
high scale servers) have been in place for many years, you know "Set 
it and forget it."

Overall, having robust 24x7x365 load balancing/control IP 
tracking/blocking server(s) is par for the course, so this is more 
about relaxing the STD10/RFC2821/RFC5321.Received SMTP receiver 
protocol requirement to help avoid mitigate negative correlation 
methods with ESMTP AUTH, right?

Incidentally, what I am seeing more of late, are single or "botnet" IP 
connections that do nothing, i.e. they sit there idle and they don't 
attempt to login. What is interesting is that if you (force) 
close/drop it, they immediately reconnect with the same IP.

-- 
HLS



From nobody Fri Dec  4 08:14:52 2015
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To: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>, shutup@ietf.org
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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/02/2015 08:50 AM, Ted Lemon wrote:
ch.

> So saying that because people don't care about privacy, we shouldn't try to protect their privacy, is wrong on two counts:

Claiming that's the stance of anyone here is wrong on several counts, 
not least being that a very large part of what we do is specifically 
aimed at anti-phishing (that "default no strangers" does little for 
these days, eg: address book spamming), and that's a vastly bigger 
privacy issue than a Received from clause.

The argument is that it's a relatively minor thing, the lack of which 
has worse privacy/operational and other implications, and there are more 
significant wins elsewhere.

Several years ago, a major anti-abuse industry organization invited a 
speaker from one of the privacy groups intimately involved with the 
issue of Syrian expats in the west being online harrassed, stalked and 
potentially harmed by SEA.  I had seen the reports earlier and did a 
little digging based upon what I could see (albeit rather indirectly, 
and without any contact with any of the true "point people" in the mess 
so it would be improper for me to act on my own).

The first thing out of his mouth was "I came here prepared with a 
diatribe about how your entire industry were endangering lives, and to 
my surprise learned that you were just as concerned about privacy as we 
are, and we should be treating you as allies".  After the end of the 
talk he was deluged with specific offers of assistance, which I think 
included taking down one of the sources of it (identified by headers 
such as the RFC wants to eliminate) I brought up in the Q&A: "Why is 
this still up?".


From nobody Fri Dec  4 08:31:43 2015
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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/04/2015 10:59 AM, Hector Santos wrote:
> On 12/4/2015 8:10 AM, Chris Lewis wrote:

>> AUTH-cracking to this extent is a relatively recent phenomena, and is
>> clearly being used as an attempt to bypass normal direct-2-MX botnet
>> blocking and hijack the reputation of the MTA instead of some random
>> cracked PC.

> Hi, I'm surprise to read you say this is "relatively recent."  Are you
> mean in months, years or one to several decades?

I should say that "back in the day", SMTP-auth from BOTs was 
sufficiently rare that it could safely be ignored.

SMTP-auth from bot started in a noticable fashion about 2-3 years ago 
and continuing to rise to extreme levels in the past 6-12 months.  To 
some MSAs, the impacts were obvious before that.

To me, this is "relatively recent".  Sorry, should have clarified.

As a MUCH more recent development, remember "open relay"?  That was 
obsolete 10 years ago, and except for a couple of low volume Chinese 
spammers, not seen at all.  Well, guess what?  One extremely prolific 
spambot started doing it in very high volumes less than a month ago. 
That's right, spambots attempting to open relay through MTAs.  Shipping 
almost exclusively malware at that.

Fun eh?


From nobody Fri Dec  4 08:54:34 2015
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On 12/4/2015 7:30 AM, Chris Lewis wrote:
> On 12/01/2015 10:09 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> 
>> I am very curious to hear your numbers, as long as you explain how you
>> got them.  I don't mean explain your spam algorithm--I mean
>> characterize your sample, and explain why you think it's a good
>> sample, and explain your methodology: what you did to the sample for
>> test A versus what you did for test B.   Interesting things to do for
>> the test sample to differentiate it from the control sample would be
>> removing the last Received header field entirely (last in sequence,
>> meaning first added), modifying the From clause for example as Stephen
>> Farrell suggested, or simply deleting the From clause but keeping the
>> rest of the last Received header field.
> 
> The issue here is even describing the methodology of comparing the test
> sets and the discussion about how it's very difficult to catch the same
> spam in other ways, reveals altogether too much information for spammers
> to use.


There's a deeper problem with this line of query.

I believe we have reasonable consensus about the facts and about the
basic issues, from the various folk who spend fulltime working in this
space and have posted to this thread.

Hence, queries of the 'show your work' type move into the realm of
etended tutorial to non-experts, rather than helping to the vetting of
foundational issues for creating a working group.

Extended tutorial material is well and good in the right context, but it
is not typically considered appropriate for vetting a working group
creation effort.  Worse, I believe the tutorial exercise has been going
on for quite a few days now, which makes it costly, as well as wasteful.

d/
-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Fri Dec  4 09:51:09 2015
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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/04/2015 11:54 AM, Dave Crocker wrote:

> Extended tutorial material is well and good in the right context, but it
> is not typically considered appropriate for vetting a working group
> creation effort.  Worse, I believe the tutorial exercise has been going
> on for quite a few days now, which makes it costly, as well as wasteful.

Yes, you're quite right.

Backing up to the original mandate of this discussion:

I think it's fairly evident that the draft (and some of the discussions 
here are venturing into areas outside of the normal scope of IETF work 
(eg: social policy) and has insufficient practical experience to be 
adequately informed on how to accomplish the result, let alone the 
potential consequences from an operational/security/privacy perspective.

Work in this area can be immensely useful, but the candidate draft 
presumes too much and needs substantial re-work, probably to the point 
of starting over.  For example:

- Normative "MUST NOT" wording won't work in an IETF 
non-technical/non-interoperability policy-based supposedly optional choice.

- The draft has no understanding that the Received lines and other 
headers may well have exactly the same information in other than a 
Received "from clause".  IOW: the proposal doesn't come close to 
addressing the desired outcome.

- The draft makes no notice of the privacy, operational or security 
issues that can be impaired by the lack of such information.  IOW: the 
proposal may well do more harm than good even if only to privacy.

Before deciding what the draft should say, let alone before 
re-work/starting over, we need to have a proper discussion of the 
pros/cons of doing anything in this space, and if we do decide to do 
something in this space, identify what protocol details need to be 
addressed.


From nobody Fri Dec  4 10:21:18 2015
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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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>The WG proposal seems to imply taking all IPs out.  The discussion has
>mostly been about submission.
>
>It seems to me that there are at least three different IPs used, and some
>of these are going to be visible regardless of intent.
>
>Ie, there is the submission IPs, there are "internal" IPs, and external
>ones.
>
>Submission IPs seem like the largest level of risk, and from my gross
>understanding of anti-spam, pretty minor.  ...

If every mail provider had infrastructure and instrumentation as
sophisticated as Google's, that would be more or less true.  But it's
going to be a long time until we get there.

Also, as other people have noted, you can learn a lot from cross
correlating what you see, e.g., I see a fair amount of spam from AUTH
attackers and it's useful to know where the bot is and see whether the
same bots are attacking multiple sites or categories of sites.

We certainly have stuff to talk about, but the tradeoffs are a vastly more
difficult and subtle than the WG's proponents appear to understand.  Chris
Newman's counterproposal would be a good place to start.

R's,
John


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> On 12/04/2015 10:59 AM, Hector Santos wrote:
> > On 12/4/2015 8:10 AM, Chris Lewis wrote:

> >> AUTH-cracking to this extent is a relatively recent phenomena, and is
> >> clearly being used as an attempt to bypass normal direct-2-MX botnet
> >> blocking and hijack the reputation of the MTA instead of some random
> >> cracked PC.

> > Hi, I'm surprise to read you say this is "relatively recent."  Are you
> > mean in months, years or one to several decades?

> I should say that "back in the day", SMTP-auth from BOTs was
> sufficiently rare that it could safely be ignored.

> SMTP-auth from bot started in a noticable fashion about 2-3 years ago
> and continuing to rise to extreme levels in the past 6-12 months.  To
> some MSAs, the impacts were obvious before that.

FWIW, our customers are seeing this as well. It used to be that AUTH-cracking
on SUBMIT was a nonissue, now it's something you can't safely ignore.

I even see it on my home system. It kinds of amazes me that my little box is
seen as a target worth spending time banging on, but my logs show ~12,000
password guessing attempts in the last 12 hours. (It's all coming from Hong
Kong, the IPs doing it are in the SBL, and it seems to be driven on a generic
list of likely account names, not anything more targeted.)

> To me, this is "relatively recent".  Sorry, should have clarified.

> As a MUCH more recent development, remember "open relay"?  That was
> obsolete 10 years ago, and except for a couple of low volume Chinese
> spammers, not seen at all.  Well, guess what?  One extremely prolific
> spambot started doing it in very high volumes less than a month ago.
> That's right, spambots attempting to open relay through MTAs.  Shipping
> almost exclusively malware at that.

We're also getting reports of activities that look like attempts to trick
MTAs into relay through the use of oddball address formats, some legal,
some not. Not sure if this is what you're seeing or not.

				Ned


From nobody Fri Dec  4 11:37:45 2015
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Friday, Dec 4, 2015 11:54 AM Dave Crocker wrote:
> Hence, queries of the 'show your work' type move into the realm of
> etended tutorial to non-experts, rather than helping to the vetting of
> foundational issues for creating a working group.

I share your discomfort.   However, my concern with the approach of simply =
refusing to answer questions on the grounds you state is twofold: first, it=
 excludes any participation by stakeholders other than anti-spam developers=
, and there are other stakeholders.   Second, it preserves the status quo, =
which is clearly broken.   By which I do not mean that you all are not =
doing good work: what I mean is that because you are so effective at =
minimizing spam, there is no incentive to actually clean up many of the =
messes you are working around at the moment.

>From my perspective, quite a bit of useful information has already been =
shared as a result of this discussion, and it would be nice if that =
information were collected somewhere.   I think that there's more work to =
be done.   It may be bothersome to folks who don't feel that these =
questions need to be answered, but I don't think it's realistic to think =
that if you just protest loudly enough, they will stop getting asked, or =
that the practice of header redaction will not become more widespread.


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From nobody Fri Dec  4 13:10:22 2015
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Friday, Dec 4, 2015 3:42 PM Rich Kulawiec wrote:
> 1. Such links are often customized on a per-user per-message basis
> with unique URLs.  Thus *any* hit on that URL from anywhere must
> have come from that user [1] and via that particular message.
> It may not disclose their IP address but it *does* disclose that
> they read the message and when.  This is bad.

Yup.  You have to always fetch, when the mail arrives.   Which could turn =
into a DDoS attack if you do it for all messages, so not ideal without =
additional heuristics.   But I don't see any way around those heuristics =
without simply deleting all URLs from all email messages.

> 2. Proxying means proxy means proxy log means yet another place where
> sensitive information accumulates.  I.e., I don't think it's a good idea
> to attempt to fix this issue by MITM'ing connections.

You already have the whole email message if it's not encrypted, so I don't =
see that any additional information is leaking here.   But this is still a =
good point.

> 3. How do you rewrite a link over an encrypted connection=3F

If you are running the IMAP server, it doesn't matter whether the =
connection between the user and the server is encrypted.   If you are not, =
then it's not your problem.

> I'm not arguing that there isn't a massive privacy problem here.
> There is, and I think it's far more worrisome than IP addresses
> in Received lines, because it discloses far more information *and it
> does so in real time*.  I just don't think solving it will be this easy.

Agreed on both counts.


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On 12/04/2015 02:18 PM, Ned Freed wrote:

> We're also getting reports of activities that look like attempts to trick
> MTAs into relay through the use of oddball address formats, some legal,
> some not. Not sure if this is what you're seeing or not.

What you're describing sounds like old-school open relay trickery. 
Indeed, what you could be seeing is decade or older open relay testers 
being used to scan for "buggy" open relay prevention.

What I'm seeing isn't that at all.  What I see is more like "for 
everybody I want to spam (address A), pick another address (address B), 
connect to address B's MX, forge the email to be From: address B, and 
attempt to get B's MX to relay to address A".

However, it's possible that what I'm seeing would shift gears to more 
obvious trickery if the first attempt failed.  It you see the same IP 
hitting more normal relay rejects before trying the oddball addresses, 
it could be.

If you sent me a log record or received string[s] (off-forum please) I 
can probably tell for sure.


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On Thu, Dec 3, 2015 at 6:00 PM, Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca> wrote:

> On 12/03/2015 07:36 PM, Brandon Long wrote:
>
>> The WG proposal seems to imply taking all IPs out.  The discussion has
>> mostly been about submission.
>>
>
> The draft has been mostly about submission, but there have been some
> conversations about internals.  I've seen auditors bring up points about
> obscuring internals (corporate context, it's one of their checkoff 10
> commandments), but, we managed to convince them that ease of diagnosing
> problems outweighed the downsides.
>
> Before getting too far into concrete proposals, we still need to decide
> whether it should be done, and what (if anything) should be done in
> mitigation.
>
> That said:
>
> Submission IPs seem like the largest level of risk, and from my gross
>> understanding of anti-spam, pretty minor.
>>
>
> Yes, and no...  It depends on how you use/acquire them, this is a fairly
> complex/esoteric end of spam filtering, and just doing it justice would
> take up pages of text.  I'll try to short cut - purely from a filtering but
> not-ML perspective:
>
> Using them:
>
> If you have a list of IPs known to be infected with AUTH-cracking
> spambots, it's of immediate/valuable use to both the MSAs themselves in
> detecting malicious injects, as well as the recipient's filtering, and
> header forgery is not an issue (certainly not to MSAs, and headers that
> forge collisions with the list you don't want anyway).
>
> The potential yields are huge - ISPs (using a list we create of 2.2M IPs
> demonstrably capable of AUTH-cracking) can see botnet suppression rates at
> the MSA of 80% (of all submissions) or even higher, depending on the
> spam/botnet de-jour.  In just one case it's in the 1000+/second range. Some
> of these botnets are very very prolific per IP.
>
> Which boils down to the MSAs being able to stop it at source, or the
> receivers being able to stop it at destination.  If a significant fraction
> of MSAs stopped it at source, then, maybe, the MSA Received line isn't
> important.  But where they don't (the majority), losing the MSA Received
> line is potentially a big hit.
>
> Obtaining them:
>
> Obviously, someone trying to authenticate to you and is demonstrably
> infected isn't spoofable.  That yields the vast majority of our list.
>
> On a case-by-case basis with specialized knowledge it is possible to
> derive trustworthy infected submission addresses from received lines. Yes,
> actually, it really is.  Useful, but not terribly significant (or at least
> how far we've followed that rathole).
>
> By eliminating MSA received clauses, it means that only the MSA can do
> blocking based on this technique, the receivers can't.
>
> On one server, in a 40 minute interval, 774123 out of 1126763 connections
> were AUTH spoofing from just one particular botnet.  That's 775,000 spams
> that ordinary receivers couldn't filter via IP if the from clauses
> disappeared.
>
> Also, if the previous thread's list of large MSPs inclusion of
>> submission IPs is correct, then >2 out of the top 3 have already removed
>> them (ie, only a fraction of Gmail mail has them at this point).
>>
>
> The top 3 aren't generally large scale botnet spam sources, and botnets
> generally don't use real mail servers (except via AUTH crackers), and the
> top 3 are amply well instrumented with rate limiters etc.  So they really
> aren't relevant to this.
>

We've had to deal with hijacked account spam for years at this point, and
have invested heavily against it, and why we are doing our best to sunset
"programmatic" password based auth, ie:

https://googleonlinesecurity.blogspot.com/2014/04/new-security-measures-will-affect-older.html

https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255

Of course, oauth isn't quite ready for widespread adoption, due to issues
with discoverability of end-points and software registration.
And a botnet may be able to lift the oauth tokens out of the local
software, but it has some benefits.

Brandon

--001a11c1f7a489036005261a5847
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Thu, Dec 3, 2015 at 6:00 PM, Chris Lewis <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:ietf@mustelids.ca" target=3D"_blank">ietf@mustelids.ca</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px=
 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-=
left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"">On 12/03/2015 07:36 PM,=
 Brandon Long wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex">
The WG proposal seems to imply taking all IPs out.=C2=A0 The discussion has=
<br>
mostly been about submission.<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
The draft has been mostly about submission, but there have been some conver=
sations about internals.=C2=A0 I&#39;ve seen auditors bring up points about=
 obscuring internals (corporate context, it&#39;s one of their checkoff 10 =
commandments), but, we managed to convince them that ease of diagnosing pro=
blems outweighed the downsides.<br>
<br>
Before getting too far into concrete proposals, we still need to decide whe=
ther it should be done, and what (if anything) should be done in mitigation=
.<span class=3D""><br>
<br>
That said:<br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex">
Submission IPs seem like the largest level of risk, and from my gross<br>
understanding of anti-spam, pretty minor.<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
Yes, and no...=C2=A0 It depends on how you use/acquire them, this is a fair=
ly complex/esoteric end of spam filtering, and just doing it justice would =
take up pages of text.=C2=A0 I&#39;ll try to short cut - purely from a filt=
ering but not-ML perspective:<br>
<br>
Using them:<br>
<br>
If you have a list of IPs known to be infected with AUTH-cracking spambots,=
 it&#39;s of immediate/valuable use to both the MSAs themselves in detectin=
g malicious injects, as well as the recipient&#39;s filtering, and header f=
orgery is not an issue (certainly not to MSAs, and headers that forge colli=
sions with the list you don&#39;t want anyway).<br>
<br>
The potential yields are huge - ISPs (using a list we create of 2.2M IPs de=
monstrably capable of AUTH-cracking) can see botnet suppression rates at th=
e MSA of 80% (of all submissions) or even higher, depending on the spam/bot=
net de-jour.=C2=A0 In just one case it&#39;s in the 1000+/second range. Som=
e of these botnets are very very prolific per IP.<br>
<br>
Which boils down to the MSAs being able to stop it at source, or the receiv=
ers being able to stop it at destination.=C2=A0 If a significant fraction o=
f MSAs stopped it at source, then, maybe, the MSA Received line isn&#39;t i=
mportant.=C2=A0 But where they don&#39;t (the majority), losing the MSA Rec=
eived line is potentially a big hit.<br>
<br>
Obtaining them:<br>
<br>
Obviously, someone trying to authenticate to you and is demonstrably infect=
ed isn&#39;t spoofable.=C2=A0 That yields the vast majority of our list.<br=
>
<br>
On a case-by-case basis with specialized knowledge it is possible to derive=
 trustworthy infected submission addresses from received lines. Yes, actual=
ly, it really is.=C2=A0 Useful, but not terribly significant (or at least h=
ow far we&#39;ve followed that rathole).<br>
<br>
By eliminating MSA received clauses, it means that only the MSA can do bloc=
king based on this technique, the receivers can&#39;t.<br>
<br>
On one server, in a 40 minute interval, 774123 out of 1126763 connections w=
ere AUTH spoofing from just one particular botnet.=C2=A0 That&#39;s 775,000=
 spams that ordinary receivers couldn&#39;t filter via IP if the from claus=
es disappeared.<span class=3D""><br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex">
Also, if the previous thread&#39;s list of large MSPs inclusion of<br>
submission IPs is correct, then &gt;2 out of the top 3 have already removed=
<br>
them (ie, only a fraction of Gmail mail has them at this point).<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
The top 3 aren&#39;t generally large scale botnet spam sources, and botnets=
 generally don&#39;t use real mail servers (except via AUTH crackers), and =
the top 3 are amply well instrumented with rate limiters etc.=C2=A0 So they=
 really aren&#39;t relevant to this.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>We=
&#39;ve had to deal with hijacked account spam for years at this point, and=
 have invested heavily against it, and why we are doing our best to sunset =
&quot;programmatic&quot; password based auth, ie:</div><div><br></div><div>=
<a href=3D"https://googleonlinesecurity.blogspot.com/2014/04/new-security-m=
easures-will-affect-older.html">https://googleonlinesecurity.blogspot.com/2=
014/04/new-security-measures-will-affect-older.html</a></div><div><br></div=
><div><a href=3D"https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255">https:=
//support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255</a></div><div><br></div><div>O=
f course, oauth isn&#39;t quite ready for widespread adoption, due to issue=
s with discoverability of end-points and software registration.</div><div>A=
nd a botnet may be able to lift the oauth tokens out of the local software,=
 but it has some benefits.</div><div><br></div><div>Brandon</div></div></di=
v></div>

--001a11c1f7a489036005261a5847--


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Cc: ietf-smtp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG (fwd)
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On 12/4/2015 2:37 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Friday, Dec 4, 2015 11:54 AM Dave Crocker wrote:
>> Hence, queries of the 'show your work' type move into the realm of
>> etended tutorial to non-experts, rather than helping to the vetting of
>> foundational issues for creating a working group.
>
> I share your discomfort.   However, my concern with the approach of simply refusing to answer questions on the grounds you state is twofold: first, it excludes any participation by stakeholders other than anti-spam developers, and there are other stakeholders.   Second, it preserves the status quo, which is clearly broken.   By which I do not mean that you all are not doing good work: what I mean is that because you are so effective at minimizing spam, there is no incentive to actually clean up many of the messes you are working around at the moment.
>
>>From my perspective, quite a bit of useful information has already been shared as a result of this discussion, and it would be nice if that information were collected somewhere.   I think that there's more work to be done.   It may be bothersome to folks who don't feel that these questions need to be answered, but I don't think it's realistic to think that if you just protest loudly enough, they will stop getting asked, or that the practice of header redaction will not become more widespread.
>

Ted, as you know, many packages are quite old and well established -- 
change is not easy.  What is common is that we all need to interop in 
a consistent and persistent protocol required/expected manner. 
Without that, it doesn't work well.

Sure, it will be nice to read reports on methods, ideas, issues but 
for the most part much of this has already been covered.  So what else 
is possibly new after 30+ years of world-wide mail industry?

If it has been shown that the STD10/RFC2821/RFC5321.Received can be 
"exploited" in some negative way, then it doesn't really matter what I 
think, the customer can be potentially harmed and therefore, I am 
ethically obligated to offer an option to disable, hide or mask the 
"harmful" information.  So what are the ideas for this?  In the end, 
it may come down to changing the standard to say "MAY|SHOULD" instead 
of "MUST" IFF there is NO evidence of interop issues.

We do this all the time with product identification during any 
internet application protocol connections. For example, for PCI 
compliance, I have a very large customer whose PCI auditor pushed for 
the removal of all hosting product id/version identifying information. 
We made the option to disable available to the customer quickly and 
for others in the next update.  No more support cost issues along 
those lines whether I thought it as stupid or not.

I can say that PCI Auditors can push for (IETF protocol related) 
technical changes if the customers are hassled by them.  We have 
already begun to see the browser enforcement with the HTTPS only push. 
We long had a "Single Click PCI Compliance" button to enforces HTTPS 
and Session Tracking/Time Management.

However, most of the time, No one have have an answer for "Compromised 
User" issues. In that case, all bets are off.  Like a "Active 
Shooter," learn to track it and basically shut the account or force a 
changing of a password.

If the removal of the "Received:" trace line help mitigate a potential 
exploit, then I would like to see input from people who think it may 
be also a backward compatibility issue where "useful things" may break.

Now that I am thinking about it, I need to see how it could alter our 
SMTP valid RFC header detector during reception.

Technically, we can have Very Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (VSMTP) 
clients sending mail where the RFC 822/2821/5321 header block MAY NOT 
be part of the payload (DATA).  IOW,  you can do see this:

   C: EHLO mail.fugue.com
   S: 250 Welcome
   C: MAIL FROM <mellon@fugue.com>
   S: 250 its all good
   C: RCPT TO: <hsantos@isdg.net>
   S: 250 continue
   C: DATA
   S: 353 What do you have to say?
   Hi there!<CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
   S: 250 Mail Accepted!
   C: QUIT
   S: 220 <click>

And that MAY be an acceptable transaction because the system will 
auto-fill or regenerate the required RFC fields or it may not, i.e. 
for a print or fax job, or if its a local message versus a relay:

   5322.From:    <--- 5321.MAIL FROM, Required
   5322.Date:    <--- Current Time Stamp (GMT), Required
   5322.To:      <--- 5321.RCPT TO, Not Required
   5322.Subject: <--- not required

At a minimum, most mail readers systems only needed the above fields 
for the simplest Mail Reader possible. I've written about 5-6 MUAs in 
my time.

However, the regeneration MAY NOT take place if it detects a valid 
internet email header.

So the question now becomes how tight is the SMTP requirements per site?

If the site follow strict RFC822, then you require:

    822.From:
    822.Date:
    822.TO or 822.CC

If you relaxed it to RFC2822 (which is the same as RFC5322), then only 
the 5322.From: and 5322.Date: are required.  The "To:" was relaxed, 
not required.  Once upon a time there was a I-D Proposal to further 
relaxed the "5322.From" header from email.  If that had happen, DKIM 
would probably never had been done even though today, many folks would 
probably not wanted the 5322.From: DKIM binding requirement.  Notice 
how there is a conflict here as well with Received since it also part 
of the Binding recommendations (but not a requirement).

In any case, in our SMTP RFC detector, we also use the the required 
"Received" line  depending on what level of 822/2822/5322 support is 
enabled.  I have to check.

So overall, it is not cut and dry about removing a long time 
"standard" required feature in SMTP.   It has to be studied before a 
recommendation can be made to effectively change a long time standard.

-- 
HLS



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Subject: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG
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Hello,

I took a look at the proposed charter [1].  The proposed work looks 
like a Received header field shutup.  Is that based on RFC 7624?  The 
discussion in that RFC, specifically Section 3.3.4, focuses on IP 
addresses.  The proposed charter mentions leaking address and timing 
information.  Is that IP addresses?

   "Header fields in Email messages can reveal private information to an
   observer that might be used for attacking an organization or an"

An attack on organization is a security issue; it isn't a privacy 
issue.  The privacy issue is about mail-related metadata which can be 
collected by state surveillance agencies.  Will the proposed working 
group attempt to fix that?

Regards,
-sm

1. http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/shutup/current/msg00001.html


From nobody Sat Dec  5 22:34:58 2015
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From: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>
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On 12/06/2015 12:24 AM, SM wrote:

> An attack on organization is a security issue; it isn't a privacy
> issue.  The privacy issue is about mail-related metadata which can be
> collected by state surveillance agencies.  Will the proposed working
> group attempt to fix that?

Privacy is only about state surveillance?  That seems to be a, um, 
remarkably narrow definition, and completely ignores the privacy issues 
that people usually get harmed by.  Furthermore, state surveillance 
doesn't need to scrape headers, they just get the providers to reveal 
the contents of their logs, which no amount of header obfuscation can hide.

The NSA didn't get their 5 years worth of universal phone penlogs from 
tapping wires, they did it with taps right into the provider's 
equipment.  No amount of on-the-wire fussing would have done a thing.

This harks back to a big investigation I was involved with in the late 
1970's/early 80's[*], prompted by a huge public uproar over (supposed) 
LE access to medical information from Canada's (Ontario's) health 
insurance programme (and later spread to Workman's Compensation).

Our investigation showed that there were indeed a few (on the order of 
a dozen or two) LE-related incidents, and as far as I remember, not one 
of them involved medical information (they were current address searches 
in order to serve warrants).  The real problem was 3rd party private 
insurers accessing full medical information of thousands of people (we 
proved out more than 5000 incidents with one insurer alone) that could 
result in severe financial or in some cases medical harm.  At least one 
suicide resulted, probably more.  Oh, and yes, some of the access claims 
were entirely bogus (eg: claims of accessing information that didn't and 
couldn't exist) - made up by people who were happy to lie to the 
journalists and get their own tiny bits of fame and a few beers.

The biggest fault with the charter that there is no mandate whatsoever 
to explore/mention/define the risks (of either revealing the information 
or omitting it).

I can see a BCP on privacy protection arising out of this effort, but 
without any serious attempt to give the reader guidance on pro/con, 
it'll do more harm than good.

[*] The Royal Commission of Enquiry into the Confidentiality of Health 
Records in Ontario.  I was the computer security consultant/advisor ro 
the commission.  The first "Krevor Commission".  Most Canadians will 
associate Justice Krevor (Ontario Supreme Court Judge) with the tainted 
blood Commission years later.

We plugged quite a few policy/procedural holes, the Ministry of Health 
got bruised and battered by it, but survived.  A lot of really good 
things happened from that Commission and carried over to other 
jurisdictions and even other countries, I'm quite proud of my minor 
contributions.






From nobody Sat Dec  5 22:40:25 2015
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Repeating a point that may have gotten lost in my previous posting.

As I see it, the fatal fault in the proposed charter is NO mention 
whatsoever of exploring/documenting the risks of eliding/not-eliding 
such information.  Whatever document that comes out of this effort has 
to give the reader reasonable guidance of what the risks are, both from 
providing the "privacy-dangerous" information, and not providing it.

Without it, a provider would not be able to make a reasonable judgment 
whether they should implement some/all of the recommendations or not.


From nobody Sat Dec  5 23:05:34 2015
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To: SM <sm@resistor.net>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User	Privacy" WG
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SM <sm@resistor.net> writes:

> An attack on organization is a security issue; it isn't a privacy
> issue.  The privacy issue is about mail-related metadata which can be
> collected by state surveillance agencies.  Will the proposed working
> group attempt to fix that?

As I pointed out on the perpass list when the Received: field draft was first
posted, there are definitely privacy issues associated with Received: fields, 
but metadata collection by state actors really isn't one of them. Why bother
with Received: fields when you can simply collect transaction logs from
ISPs/MSPs.

And unless I'm missing something, the generation and collection of
transaction logs is far beyond the purview of the IETF.

				Ned


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To: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>, shutup@ietf.org
From: SM <sm@resistor.net>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG
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Hello,
At 22:34 05-12-2015, Chris Lewis wrote:
>Privacy is only about state surveillance?  That seems to be a, um, 
>remarkably narrow definition, and completely ignores the privacy 
>issues that people usually get harmed by.  Furthermore, state 
>surveillance doesn't need to scrape headers, they just get the 
>providers to reveal the contents of their logs, which no amount of 
>header obfuscation can hide.

It is indeed a narrow definition.  I am limiting my discussion of the 
proposed charter to what has previously been discussed on the perpass 
mailing list [1] and on this mailing list.  It is up to the 
participant working for provider which was asked to reveal the 
contents of its logs to argue for including that aspect in the 
proposed charter if the participant wishes to do so.

>The NSA didn't get their 5 years worth of universal phone penlogs 
>from tapping wires, they did it with taps right into the provider's 
>equipment.  No amount of on-the-wire fussing would have done a thing.

That is not mentioned in RFC 7258.

>The biggest fault with the charter that there is no mandate 
>whatsoever to explore/mention/define the risks (of either revealing 
>the information or omitting it).
>
>I can see a BCP on privacy protection arising out of this effort, 
>but without any serious attempt to give the reader guidance on 
>pro/con, it'll do more harm than good.

I am still trying to understand the problem(s) which the proposed 
working group might work on.  I am unable to say anything useful 
about the above at the moment.

Regards,
-sm

1. https://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/perpass/current/maillist.html 


From nobody Sun Dec  6 00:26:53 2015
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On 12/06/2015 02:48 AM, SM wrote:
> Hello,
> At 22:34 05-12-2015, Chris Lewis wrote:
>> Privacy is only about state surveillance?  That seems to be a, um,
>> remarkably narrow definition, and completely ignores the privacy
>> issues that people usually get harmed by.  Furthermore, state
>> surveillance doesn't need to scrape headers, they just get the
>> providers to reveal the contents of their logs, which no amount of
>> header obfuscation can hide.
>
> It is indeed a narrow definition.  I am limiting my discussion of the
> proposed charter to what has previously been discussed on the perpass
> mailing list [1] and on this mailing list.  It is up to the participant
> working for provider which was asked to reveal the contents of its logs
> to argue for including that aspect in the proposed charter if the
> participant wishes to do so.
>
>> The NSA didn't get their 5 years worth of universal phone penlogs from
>> tapping wires, they did it with taps right into the provider's
>> equipment.  No amount of on-the-wire fussing would have done a thing.
>
> That is not mentioned in RFC 7258.

I don't see how that matters.

Also, as others have remarked, legal/regulatory log access is 
out-of-scope for the IETF (a legal/regulatory issue not a technical 
one), so how could RFC7258 mention it?  Out of scope is out of scope, 
whether the provider wants to include it or not.

I'll also note that the second page of RFC7258 specifically states:

"The motivation for PM can range from non-targeted nation-state
surveillance, to legal but privacy-unfriendly purposes by commercial
enterprises, to illegal actions by criminals."

IOW: if this is about pervasive monitoring (perpass), you can't leave 
out 2/3rds of the actors (and far more than 2/3rds of the demonstrated 
risk) and expect to have any useful validity.

By limiting us to the actors who don't care about headers, knowing you 
can't include log access in whether you want to or not, this WG is 
completely without a purpose.  Or was that your point? ;-)


From nobody Sun Dec  6 09:36:38 2015
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To: "'Ned Freed'" <ned.freed@mrochek.com>, "'SM'" <sm@resistor.net>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User	Privacy" WG
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On Saturday, December 5, 2015 10:52 PM, Ned Freed wrote:
> SM <sm@resistor.net> writes:
> 
> > An attack on organization is a security issue; it isn't a privacy
> > issue.  The privacy issue is about mail-related metadata which can be
> > collected by state surveillance agencies.  Will the proposed working
> > group attempt to fix that?
> 
> As I pointed out on the perpass list when the Received: field draft was
first
> posted, there are definitely privacy issues associated with Received:
fields,
> but metadata collection by state actors really isn't one of them. Why
bother
> with Received: fields when you can simply collect transaction logs from
> ISPs/MSPs.

Ned, you are basically saying, "why bother plugging one leak when the same
data can leak somewhere else." Well, I think it is actually important to
plug all the privacy leaks, much like in security it is important to plug
all the holes.

You are making the argument that authorities can commandeer data by imposing
on mail providers. They can, but in countries with decent rule of laws there
are limits, such as requesting probable cause and not going through fishing
expeditions. We have seen rogue agencies attempt to bypass these limits by
just taking the data whichever way they can, and we want to stop that. We
also worry that what these agencies can do today, organized gangs can do
tomorrow, and petty criminals after that.

The email traces are particular because they are carried to multiple places,
not just the submission site but also every relay and every mail recipient.
That multiplies the chances of compromise. My email provider has some reason
to try maintain my trust, but relays and recipients may not. For me, it
makes a great deal of difference whether the information can be obtained
from just one place or from many.

As I wrote in a previous message, we have a specific problem with the
correlation between IP address and user identity. Once that correlation is
established, it becomes possible to attribute 5-tuple traces to specific
individuals. You may think that the relation between someone's home IP
address and their identity is static, but in many case it is not. Some ISP
can provide you with addresses that deliberately vary over time. You can use
VPN. You can use Wi-Fi hot spots. That's exactly what privacy conscious
users do. And that's why I find the listing of submission IP in traces
problematic.

I understand that there are good use of the information, and that managing
email systems is hard. I also understand that the problem is complex. For
example, precise timestamp information can be used for debugging and
validation. But it can also be used to retrieve the IP address of a message
sender, by looking in the 5 tuple traces what addresses were sending packets
to the email provider at that time. We need to surface these issues, to
understand both the cost of the value of the information, and to propose
solutions.

-- Christian Huitema







> And unless I'm missing something, the generation and collection of
> transaction logs is far beyond the purview of the IETF.
> 
> 				Ned
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Shutup mailing list
> Shutup@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/shutup


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To: Chris Lewis <ietf@mustelids.ca>, shutup@ietf.org
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Hello,
At 00:26 06-12-2015, Chris Lewis wrote:
>I don't see how that matters.
>
>Also, as others have remarked, legal/regulatory log access is 
>out-of-scope for the IETF (a legal/regulatory issue not a technical 
>one), so how could RFC7258 mention it?  Out of scope is out of 
>scope, whether the provider wants to include it or not.

The topic of pervasive surveillance did not gather much interest 
prior to a few months before RFC 7258 was published.

>I'll also note that the second page of RFC7258 specifically states:
>
>"The motivation for PM can range from non-targeted nation-state
>surveillance, to legal but privacy-unfriendly purposes by commercial
>enterprises, to illegal actions by criminals."

Ok.

>IOW: if this is about pervasive monitoring (perpass), you can't 
>leave out 2/3rds of the actors (and far more than 2/3rds of the 
>demonstrated risk) and expect to have any useful validity.
>
>By limiting us to the actors who don't care about headers, knowing 
>you can't include log access in whether you want to or not, this WG 
>is completely without a purpose.  Or was that your point? ;-)

The proposed charter does not mention mail logs.  I mentioned 
pervasive monitoring as there were news articles about email metadata 
being captured.  Looking at this in terms of the text in the proposed 
charter, it is about what is in the mail headers being transmitted 
during a SMTP session.  The comment [1] which I sent was about 
that.  I am was not limiting that to one or more entities who might 
be able to collect that information on an international scale or an 
entity which could collect that on a national scale.

I was not trying to make a point about the proposed working group 
being completely without purpose if log access was out of 
scope.  There were three questions in my initial email to this 
mailing list.  Ned provided some input about the Received header 
field question [2].  I read his comments about the draft which is 
mentioned in the proposed charter; the comments were informative.

Regards,
-sm

1. http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/shutup/current/msg00146.html
2. http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/shutup/current/msg00149.html  


From nobody Sun Dec  6 11:59:59 2015
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On 12/06/2015 12:37 PM, Christian Huitema wrote:
> On Saturday, December 5, 2015 10:52 PM, Ned Freed wrote:
>> SM <sm@resistor.net> writes:
>>
>>> An attack on organization is a security issue; it isn't a privacy
>>> issue.  The privacy issue is about mail-related metadata which can be
>>> collected by state surveillance agencies.  Will the proposed working
>>> group attempt to fix that?
>>
>> As I pointed out on the perpass list when the Received: field draft was
> first
>> posted, there are definitely privacy issues associated with Received:
> fields,
>> but metadata collection by state actors really isn't one of them. Why
> bother
>> with Received: fields when you can simply collect transaction logs from
>> ISPs/MSPs.
>
> Ned, you are basically saying, "why bother plugging one leak when the same
> data can leak somewhere else." Well, I think it is actually important to
> plug all the privacy leaks, much like in security it is important to plug
> all the holes.

This came out of a thread started on the supposition that this effort 
was only aimed at pervasive monitoring by state actors and that all 
other aspects were out of scope as per RFC7358, including whether it was 
a good idea or not.

1) You can't fight state actors with protocol tweaks.  If a state is 
interested in these headers, they simply have to order providers to 
ignore anything we do.  They already have.

2) State actors have a much easier time of doing this at the network 
level than email headers.  The great firewall of china and the big red 
"disconnect" switch makes such measures as proposed irrelevant.

3) At best this effort becomes a game of whack a mole, where the mole 
gets to scurry around unmolested while "we" take 5 years or more to 
swing the bat each time.

4) I agree that making general improvements to privacy is generally a 
good thing.  But it cannot be if we artificially limit the discussion to 
areas where anything we could do hardly matters in the first place. 
Secondly, the results can be catastrophic failures if we refuse to 
acknowledge the drawbacks in other areas (operational problems, suicide 
prevention, handling of threats of violence, harrassment, or anti-fraud, 
anti-privacy violation efforts).

This work cannot be done in isolation.

> You are making the argument that authorities can commandeer data by imposing
> on mail providers. They can, but in countries with decent rule of laws there
> are limits, such as requesting probable cause and not going through fishing
> expeditions. We have seen rogue agencies attempt to bypass these limits by
> just taking the data whichever way they can, and we want to stop that.

Yet, the best/most famous example we have to date is that of a country 
with decent rules of law, it was explicitly made legal, and that 
suppression of the source "address" equivalent (eg: callerid) wouldn't 
have made the slightest bit of difference.  Nor would it with the great 
firewall.

I contend that relying on, say, a handful of illicit wire connects, 
sporadic access to relay logs, and/or "informer" recipients, is by its 
very definition not "pervasive monitoring", and is thus also 
out-of-scope by the article that began this thread.

For our effort to be useful, the scoping has to be wider, as does the 
considerations of the downsides to doing it.

I shall relate a highly relevant real-world experience: As part of the 
privacy investigation I mentioned in another posting, we were tasked at 
trying to track down a rather prolific sexual harrassment caller who 
seemed to have a surprisingly high level of intimate and accurate 
health/medical detail about the victims.

Over the span of the investigation, we verified more than 1500 (yes, 
1500!) of these calls by one guy, to as many separate individuals (well, 
subtract one, one woman was savvy enough to trick the guy into phoning 
again and taped the conversation).  1500 calls - one guy.  The 
consequences of some of these calls were pretty damaging to the women 
and their families - some were quite traumatised.

[The calls usually started out with the perp identifing themselves as a 
doctor asked to follow up on some sort of gynecological "issue" revealed 
by a recent test/procedure, scaring the women into believing that 
something was seriously wrong, and then getting their jollies by asking 
intimate questions about sexual practises and progressing to worse 
things.  Very very nasty.]

This was before callerid.

I was in the interview where we solidly identified who it was doing it 
(after brainstorming between me, other members of the commission, and 
the LE tasked with running/supervising the effort) and asking a small 
group of female workers in the "common factor" office to see if they 
could identify the voice on tape.

[I was and am still impressed by the sensitivity shown by the senior 
Detective Sergeant of the OPP who led that interview.  The officer asked 
me to be there to act as a technical bridge between him and the office 
staff, and otherwise shut up and be a sympathetic listener.]

It turned out to be a rogue insurance company employee inside a secured 
processing area harvesting the "to be shredded and incinerated" bins. 
Nailed the SOB and the calls ended.  Callerid would have made it so much 
easier.

I was never so glad as to see something as the wide-scale deployment of 
callerid a few years later.  The same (occasionally strident and 
emotional) privacy arguments we hear now about MSA submission addresses 
were made then.  Accommodations were made (facilities at threat, per-use 
suppression etc), and how many privacy advocates are tilting at callerid 
these days?  Approximately zero.  We already have the equivalent 
accommodations (tor, anon remailers, etc. etc. etc) that callerid 
developed!

Harrassment calls almost completely vanished country-wide despite the 
fact that you could opt-out of callerid.  Unfortunately, I fully expect 
them to have been on the rise again with the wide-spread spoofing of 
callerid that VOIP et. al. makes possible.  Certainly phone spammers are 
doing it already.

Be careful what you ask for, you might get it.


From nobody Sun Dec  6 13:10:43 2015
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Date: Sun, 6 Dec 2015 21:10:39 +0000
From: Martijn Grooten <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG
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On Sun, Dec 06, 2015 at 02:59:54PM -0500, Chris Lewis wrote:
> I was never so glad as to see something as the wide-scale deployment
> of callerid a few years later.

But for Caller ID to work in cases like the one you describe, you
wouldn't need to know the phone number (which often includes the
location) of the caller; a "cryptographic blob" identifying their phone
line would suffice.

I am not a lawyer, but I believe IP addresses are considered personal
data in some countries; the European Court of Justice is currently
looking into the issue. I don't think it's impossible for a court to
decide that because of this, providers should strip (submission) IP
addresses from emails.

Or perhaps one of the many tracking companies is already using this to
correlate emails sent to website visits. This could lead to outrage
among privacy activists and a call for providers to strip submission IP
addresses.

Hence I believe it is worth seeing if we can come up with guidelines on
what information can be removed/redacted/cryptographically blobbed in
email headers, so that senders' privacy is improved, yet the ability to
block and fight abuse isn't significantly harmed.

I do think the proposed charter is a bit too strong on the need to
remove headers which, given comments here, probably isn't very helpful.
I would be in favour of a more open-minded charter, but I do think there
is a need for a WG like this one.

Martijn.



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From nobody Sun Dec  6 16:15:47 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User Privacy" WG
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On 12/06/2015 04:10 PM, Martijn Grooten wrote:
> On Sun, Dec 06, 2015 at 02:59:54PM -0500, Chris Lewis wrote:
>> I was never so glad as to see something as the wide-scale deployment
>> of callerid a few years later.
>
> But for Caller ID to work in cases like the one you describe, you
> wouldn't need to know the phone number (which often includes the
> location) of the caller; a "cryptographic blob" identifying their phone
> line would suffice.

The proper analog is "Call Trace".  You dial a * code, and the calling 
number gets recorded by the telco, but it can only be retrieved via a LE 
process (I do not believe it requires a full search warrant, but, 
joe-blow citizen certainly can't get it).  It cannot be disabled (but 
presumably spoofable) by the caller.

> I am not a lawyer, but I believe IP addresses are considered personal
> data in some countries; the European Court of Justice is currently
> looking into the issue. I don't think it's impossible for a court to
> decide that because of this, providers should strip (submission) IP
> addresses from emails.

Anything's possible.  What's also possible that when presented in its 
entirety, a court may still agree that the operational/other benefits of 
providing them in this case outweighs the potential risk.  Nothing is an 
absolute.  There are always edge cases where informed judgment is 
required, and you rely on courts and judges to provide guidance through 
precedent.

What I also know is that when asked, regulators over here in PIPEDA land 
are most emphatic in saying that IP addresses are not PII.  And this 
_includes_ the Privacy Commissioner.

> Or perhaps one of the many tracking companies is already using this to
> correlate emails sent to website visits. This could lead to outrage
> among privacy activists and a call for providers to strip submission IP
> addresses.

That's in part why we have governments - to prevent public panics of the 
uninformed driving public policy.

We had one when callerid happened.  Callerid got "fixed" not killed.

We had one when the newspaper stories about the leaks (that ultimately 
led to the Commission I was a member of).  They were (mostly) bogus. 
But we fixed the problems that were really there and weren't in the 
newspaper stories.

We have a panic _now_.  How would you feel about security/privacy policy 
being driven by Trump and his followers?  If that doesn't scare you, it 
should.

What would really be fascinating is to get one or more people highly 
respected in their knowledge of the law, public policy and privacy to 
take on the question of passing through SUBMIT addresses.  Bring out all 
the pros and cons.  Put it on trial as it were.

> I do think the proposed charter is a bit too strong on the need to
> remove headers which, given comments here, probably isn't very helpful.
> I would be in favour of a more open-minded charter, but I do think there
> is a need for a WG like this one.

I agree, but the WG charter is too strong on the mechanics of "how" and 
has nothing at all on the mechanics of "will it do anything?" and the 
real downsides.  The charter needs to be expanded, and the WG work begun.

Perhaps one of the most important things in the WG is to decide whether 
the output is a document, and whether the document is an informational, 
a BCP or standard or STD.  My current thinking is that we're going to 
hit BCP at best.

An alternate approach occured to me - rather than trying to defacto 
impose it everywhere (which is sorta what the existing documentation is 
pushing towards), what about some sort of informational/BCP or even full 
RFC defining a "privacy enhanced interface" and outline what it needs to 
do w.r.t. email, and other service privacy?  Existing environments could 
make it an option, makes an opportunity for niche providers, and 
describes in concrete terms what it needs to do?


From nobody Sun Dec  6 18:34:55 2015
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>Perhaps one of the most important things in the WG is to decide whether 
>the output is a document, and whether the document is an informational, 
>a BCP or standard or STD.  My current thinking is that we're going to 
>hit BCP at best.

This is increasingly looking like a RG, not a WG.  There's a lot of
speculation about what aspects of mail messages and SMTP sessions have
what privacy implications, with an extremely premature focus on IP
address logging.  I'd much rather back up a step or two and see if we
can catalog the aspects of mail messages with estimates of the privacy
benefits and risks of each, keeping in mind the context.  

For example, how much new information is there in the date stamp in a
Received header in the usual case that it's a few seconds after the
timestamp in the Date: header?  On the other hand, most Received
headers have a unique ID that's really handy to identify the message
and the path it took (That's how you tell who's sending spam reports
from AOL and Yahoo, even though they redact all the addresses.)

That would be a useful catalog, and we can think about models that
look at the net personal information, and diagnostic and anti-abuse
information provided by various combinations of features or the lack
thereof.  That would be interesting on its own, and would give us a
much better foundation from which to consider changes that could
produce an actual overall privacy improvement.

R's,
John


From nobody Sun Dec  6 19:00:47 2015
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At 19:15 -0500 on 12/06/2015, Chris Lewis wrote about Re: [Shutup] 
Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealt:

>On 12/06/2015 04:10 PM, Martijn Grooten wrote:
>>On Sun, Dec 06, 2015 at 02:59:54PM -0500, Chris Lewis wrote:
>>>I was never so glad as to see something as the wide-scale deployment
>>>of callerid a few years later.
>>
>>But for Caller ID to work in cases like the one you describe, you
>>wouldn't need to know the phone number (which often includes the
>>location) of the caller; a "cryptographic blob" identifying their phone
>>line would suffice.
>
>The proper analog is "Call Trace".  You dial a * code, and the 
>calling number gets recorded by the telco, but it can only be 
>retrieved via a LE process (I do not believe it requires a full 
>search warrant, but, joe-blow citizen certainly can't get it).  It 
>cannot be disabled (but presumably spoofable) by the caller.

The *-code you are referencing is *57 (1157 from a dial phone) and 
records the ANI (Call Setup and Routing) information not the 
spoof-capable CALLERID information. I think about am not sure that 
the information is accurate and can not be spoofed/faked. Note that 
the called party must use the code before another call comes in and 
the TelCo charges you when you use it.

Here is a Wikipedia article on the code/feature. 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malicious_caller_identification


From nobody Sun Dec  6 19:44:12 2015
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From: Ted Lemon <mellon@fugue.com>
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Sunday, Dec 6, 2015 9:34 PM John Levine wrote:
> For example, how much new information is there in the date stamp in a
> Received header in the usual case that it's a few seconds after the
> timestamp in the Date: header=3F  On the other hand, most Received
> headers have a unique ID that's really handy to identify the message
> and the path it took (That's how you tell who's sending spam reports
> from AOL and Yahoo, even though they redact all the addresses.)

Bear in mind that the date header field isn't modified in transit, so it =
can in principle be in the encrypted blob, and not in the postcard headers.=


> That would be a useful catalog, and we can think about models that
> look at the net personal information, and diagnostic and anti-abuse
> information provided by various combinations of features or the lack
> thereof.  That would be interesting on its own, and would give us a
> much better foundation from which to consider changes that could
> produce an actual overall privacy improvement.

Agreed, but I don't see why you think this is an RG and not a WG.


--
Sent from Whiteout Mail - https://whiteout.io

My PGP key: https://keys.whiteout.io/mellon@fugue.=
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From nobody Sun Dec  6 20:34:53 2015
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On 12/6/2015 7:44 PM, Ted Lemon wrote:
> Agreed, but I don't see why you think this is an RG and not a WG.


Please re-read his note and one or another of my earlier notes.  They
explain why.

At the moment, proposals for taking specific actions represent a random
walk down a large and complex set of possibilities, with no serious
analysis of benefits, risks, likelihoods or anything other than intuition.

Before modifying infrastructure operations of a critical Internet
resource, perhaps we should develop some credible basis for taking any
specific action?

Individuals are free to take whatever random path strikes their whimsy.
 Standards groups should have rather more basis for moving the whole
ship in a particular direction.

d/
-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Sun Dec  6 23:44:19 2015
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From: Martijn Grooten <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>
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On Mon, Dec 07, 2015 at 02:34:26AM -0000, John Levine wrote:
> This is increasingly looking like a RG, not a WG.  There's a lot of
> speculation about what aspects of mail messages and SMTP sessions have
> what privacy implications, with an extremely premature focus on IP
> address logging.  I'd much rather back up a step or two and see if we
> can catalog the aspects of mail messages with estimates of the privacy
> benefits and risks of each, keeping in mind the context. =20

I would be in favour of such a RG.

Martijn.


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From nobody Mon Dec  7 00:31:18 2015
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--On Monday, December 07, 2015 02:34 +0000 John Levine
<johnl@taugh.com> wrote:

>...
> This is increasingly looking like a RG, not a WG.  There's a
> lot of speculation about what aspects of mail messages and
> SMTP sessions have what privacy implications, with an
> extremely premature focus on IP address logging.  I'd much
> rather back up a step or two and see if we can catalog the
> aspects of mail messages with estimates of the privacy
> benefits and risks of each, keeping in mind the context.  
> 
> For example, how much new information is there in the date
> stamp in a Received header in the usual case that it's a few
> seconds after the timestamp in the Date: header?  On the other
> hand, most Received headers have a unique ID that's really
> handy to identify the message and the path it took (That's how
> you tell who's sending spam reports from AOL and Yahoo, even
> though they redact all the addresses.)
> 
> That would be a useful catalog, and we can think about models
> that look at the net personal information, and diagnostic and
> anti-abuse information provided by various combinations of
> features or the lack thereof.  That would be interesting on
> its own, and would give us a much better foundation from which
> to consider changes that could produce an actual overall
> privacy improvement.

This strikes me as a really good idea.  This is probably what
John has in mind but, to be explicit, if it could also catalog
(not just allow "thinking about"), for each item, the
substantive uses to which any relevant aspect or datum is being
legitimately put today, differentiating things that are
specifically anti-spam from anti-phishing and mitigation of
malware and other types of attacks, that would be even better.
As many people have suggested in the previous threads, "more
privacy", whether about location or other information, is not
free but involves tradeoffs with other priorities and it is
important to consider the tradeoffs and balance.   

For me at least, Dave Crocker's subsequent comments reinforce
that view.

     john


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On 07/12/15 02:34, John Levine wrote:
> This is increasingly looking like a RG, not a WG.

Hmm, not sure. A good RG is one that'd attract an active
research community and be relatively long lived whereas
this seems like a bit of work where we need to do a relatively
small and discrete amount of research on one topic. (Which
is roughly "What'd happen if you mucked with received headers
the MSA passes on to the rest of the mail infrastructure?")

The way I think of it is a good RG would produce a stream
of academic publications and then some stuff that'd be of
use to the IETF. This sounds more like one paper's worth
of research then stuff would be done in the IETF or not,
depending on the findings.

So I don't think an RG would be a good plan and a WG
can be chartered to investigate things before proposing
things.

But if folks think an RG is better, the first step would be
to talk to Lars about it.

S.


From nobody Mon Dec  7 08:20:48 2015
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Date: Sun, 06 Dec 2015 11:31:44 -0800 (PST)
From: Ned Freed <ned.freed@mrochek.com>
In-reply-to: "Your message dated Sun, 06 Dec 2015 09:37:14 -0800" <05b301d1304c$bf6f3880$3e4da980$@huitema.net>
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To: Christian Huitema <huitema@huitema.net>
Archived-At: <http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/shutup/Ym1GvsSGIGPyHuSt9Jo2C14S0sY>
Cc: 'SM' <sm@resistor.net>, 'Ned Freed' <ned.freed@mrochek.com>, shutup@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for the "SMTP Headers Unhealthy To User	Privacy" WG
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> On Saturday, December 5, 2015 10:52 PM, Ned Freed wrote:
> > SM <sm@resistor.net> writes:
> >
> > > An attack on organization is a security issue; it isn't a privacy
> > > issue.  The privacy issue is about mail-related metadata which can be
> > > collected by state surveillance agencies.  Will the proposed working
> > > group attempt to fix that?
> >
> > As I pointed out on the perpass list when the Received: field draft was
> first
> > posted, there are definitely privacy issues associated with Received:
> fields,
> > but metadata collection by state actors really isn't one of them. Why
> bother
> > with Received: fields when you can simply collect transaction logs from
> > ISPs/MSPs.

> Ned, you are basically saying, "why bother plugging one leak when the same
> data can leak somewhere else."

Stop. Right. There. In the text you quoted, I said, "there are definitely
privacy issues associated with Received: fields". That in no way, shape, or
form equates to my saying that Received: fields are not worth worrying about.
In fact in this message:

   http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/perpass/olIpnc_N1Vu46k0X_Rc74XMlYZE

I said:

  ... there is a real privacy gain in not including [IP addresses]
  in messages. State actors with subpeona powers may have easy access to ISP/MSP
  logs, but other players, including legitimate message recipients, do not. And
  my location at the time I send a piece of mail really isn't the concern of any
  of the message's recipients unless I choose to reveal it.

That's almost the exact opposite of the position you claim I held.

You really need to start reading what people are actually saying.

> Well, I think it is actually important to
> plug all the privacy leaks, much like in security it is important to plug
> all the holes.

And if that was the only factor in play it would be a no-brainer to simply
remove the IP addresses. But it isn't the only factor.

> You are making the argument that authorities can commandeer data by imposing
> on mail providers.

That's a statement of fact, not an argument.

> They can, but in countries with decent rule of laws there
> are limits, such as requesting probable cause and not going through fishing
> expeditions. We have seen rogue agencies attempt to bypass these limits by
> just taking the data whichever way they can, and we want to stop that. We
> also worry that what these agencies can do today, organized gangs can do
> tomorrow, and petty criminals after that.

The claim has been made - and still is made in the draft under consideration - 
that IP addresses in  Received: field are of significant value to state actors
and should be removed for that reason alone. But that claims fails because
state actors have the ability to get a better version of that information from
transaction logs.

Unless you can demonstrate that state actors have an easier time going after
message content - and that's demonstratably false in the United States and
probably most of other jurisdictions - the specifics of what restrictions apply
to state actors overall are entirely irrelevant.

And once again, this does *not* constitute an argument that there aren't
*other* privacy implications for IP addresses in Received: fields that are
worth considering. It's an argument against a specific claim that has been and
continues to be made.

> The email traces are particular because they are carried to multiple places,
> not just the submission site but also every relay and every mail recipient.
> That multiplies the chances of compromise. My email provider has some reason
> to try maintain my trust, but relays and recipients may not. For me, it
> makes a great deal of difference whether the information can be obtained
> from just one place or from many.

Yes, I believe I have some small awareness of how email works.

> As I wrote in a previous message, we have a specific problem with the
> correlation between IP address and user identity. Once that correlation is
> established, it becomes possible to attribute 5-tuple traces to specific
> individuals. You may think that the relation between someone's home IP
> address and their identity is static, but in many case it is not. Some ISP
> can provide you with addresses that deliberately vary over time. You can use
> VPN. You can use Wi-Fi hot spots. That's exactly what privacy conscious
> users do. And that's why I find the listing of submission IP in traces
> problematic.

And I also believe I have some small awareness of how modern networking
works.

> I understand that there are good use of the information, and that managing
> email systems is hard.

Except that you apparently refuse to acknowledge it, preferring instead to put
words in other people's mouths, not to mention assuming they don't understand
the most basic operational characteristics of modern email.

Even more important, you also apparently refuse to acknowledge some of those
uses have significant privacy implications of their own. A lot of people here
are saying that the inclusion of IP addresses in Received: fields is of
use in shutting down phishing attacks. And phishing is tremedounsly damaging
to user privacy.

So what we have here is a tradeoff. On the one hand, if we include client IP
addresses in Received: fields, we leak information about message senders which
may be exploited by message recipients, service providers etc. (but not state
actors). But on the other hand, if we don't include client IP information, we
make it harder to prevent spam and phishining attacks from reaching mail
recipients, which when those attacks are successful - as some percentage always
are - utterly compromises user privacy.

And this is going to be a very difficult tradeoff to weigh for a bunch of
reasons. For one thing, it's something of an applies to oranges comparison - a
small loss of privacy for a large group in aggregate is difficult to compare to
a major loss of privacy to a much smaller group. And that's assuming we can
find the means of assessing the sizes and characteristics of the groups. And in
the case of phishing attacks, if the past is any indication, the efficacy of
using a particular piece of information like client IP is going to change over
time as attackers change their strategy.

But none of this is helped by your failure to actually read what other people
are saying, and your frankly insulting assumptions that I don't understand
the most basic principles of how email and networks work.

				Ned


From nobody Mon Dec  7 09:04:50 2015
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Hiya,

On 06/12/15 19:31, Ned Freed wrote:
> The claim has been made - and still is made in the draft under consideration - 
> that IP addresses in  Received: field are of significant value to state actors
> and should be removed for that reason alone. But that claims fails because
> state actors have the ability to get a better version of that information from
> transaction logs.

I don't think I've seen substantiation of "significant value" to
state actors for the specific case of message author's IP addresses in
Received: fields.

OTOH, access to transaction logs should depend on the jurisdiction in
which those are located though whereas if SMTP is not (or badly)
protected via STARTTLS then those fields will be visible to monitoring
devices. And it also seems likely that that data will be stored if it
can be stored [1] as one real pattern seems to be that those doing PM
will attempt to get data via every possible avenue, even when they have
a way to convince or force service providers to co-operate.

   [1]
http://leaksource.info/2015/02/25/pony-express-cse-spying-on-canadians-emails-to-government/

So while I've not seen specific information that these fields have
been used after e.g. having been recorded via tempora or similar,
it seems credible to assume that that can be done (and hence is
being done).

> Unless you can demonstrate that state actors have an easier time going after
> message content - and that's demonstratably false in the United States and
> probably most of other jurisdictions - the specifics of what restrictions apply
> to state actors overall are entirely irrelevant.
> 
> And once again, this does *not* constitute an argument that there aren't
> *other* privacy implications for IP addresses in Received: fields that are
> worth considering. It's an argument against a specific claim that has been and
> continues to be made.

Right. There's also the case of leaked data, e.g. in the hacking team
leak case, ([2] search down the page for "homing pigeon"), those fields
in that tranche of stolen/leaked data did expose specific information
that might otherwise not have been extractable. I'm not sure if I'd call
that additional information significant or not, given all the rest of
the things the folks who did [2] could deduce from the data.

   [2] http://labs.rs/en/metadata/

(Note that I'm assuming that when [2] says "email headers reveal the
IP address of the sender" they mean from Received: fields, and not
something else.)

And to be clear, none of the above is meant to contradict the arguments
folks have made about using this information for reasonable purposes.
I figure this is just a part of the analysis of the trade offs that a
WG would have to do. (Or that someone could just go and do now before
there's a WG.)

Cheers,
S.


From nobody Mon Dec  7 10:29:46 2015
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On Sunday, December 6, 2015 11:32 AM, Ned Freed wrote:
> ...
> But none of this is helped by your failure to actually read what other
people
> are saying, and your frankly insulting assumptions that I don't understand
> the most basic principles of how email and networks work.

Ned, I am sorry if my message felt insulting. That was definitely not my
goal. We may disagree on the relative priority of plugging this or that hole
to thwart pervasive monitoring, but I never meant questioning your technical
competency. If you felt insulted, please accept my apologies.

-- Christian Huitema





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On 12/07/2015 05:50 AM, Stephen Farrell wrote:
>
>
> On 07/12/15 02:34, John Levine wrote:
>> This is increasingly looking like a RG, not a WG.
>
> Hmm, not sure. A good RG is one that'd attract an active
> research community and be relatively long lived whereas
> this seems like a bit of work where we need to do a relatively
> small and discrete amount of research on one topic. (Which
> is roughly "What'd happen if you mucked with received headers
> the MSA passes on to the rest of the mail infrastructure?")
>
> The way I think of it is a good RG would produce a stream
> of academic publications and then some stuff that'd be of
> use to the IETF. This sounds more like one paper's worth
> of research then stuff would be done in the IETF or not,
> depending on the findings.

One could envision a RG constituted to long-term specifically work on 
privacy implications of IETF RFCs in general, with a view towards 
improving privacy via future RFCs.  There is at least some precedent 
given the requirements about security area oversight of new RFCs, and 
the required SECURITY sections of RFCs now.  Which would be a "good 
thing", but huge, unwieldy, and perhaps unsustainable long-term (given 
that most people may only have narrow topic-area interests).

You could, instead, have it focus on specific areas for periods of time. 
  Like, "today SMTP, 6 months from now web" etc.  May still be 
unwieldy/ineffective for the same reasons.

Or finally, make it narrow - "RG on email privacy leakage" - a WG with a 
stronger research/analysis mandate.

OTOH, if we stayed with the WG approach, the mandate still has to be 
adjusted to do the research for guiding output documents w.r.t. privacy 
vs other tradeoffs.

I'm tending more towards RG on email privacy leakage.  Even just a 
document outlining where the potential leaks are, and outlining the 
threat landscape tradeoffs (both privacy and other) of 
eliding/not-eliding the info.

So put me up as a strongish vote for a narrow RG.


From nobody Mon Dec  7 11:59:59 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] Proposed Charter for something
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On 12/7/2015 5:50 AM, Stephen Farrell wrote:
>
>
> On 07/12/15 02:34, John Levine wrote:
>> This is increasingly looking like a RG, not a WG.
>
> Hmm, not sure. A good RG is one that'd attract an active
> research community and be relatively long lived whereas
> this seems like a bit of work where we need to do a relatively
> small and discrete amount of research on one topic. (Which
> is roughly "What'd happen if you mucked with received headers
> the MSA passes on to the rest of the mail infrastructure?")
>
> The way I think of it is a good RG would produce a stream
> of academic publications and then some stuff that'd be of
> use to the IETF. This sounds more like one paper's worth
> of research then stuff would be done in the IETF or not,
> depending on the findings.
>
> So I don't think an RG would be a good plan and a WG
> can be chartered to investigate things before proposing
> things.

+1.

I think a working group is sufficient with faster high quality results 
than a longer term research effort.  We have enough 
ietf-industry-man-years, especially in the mail industry, to determine 
what is necessary.

The charter started out with ambitious goals that included 
"well-engineered improvements to the SMTP protocol."

But then it limited itself to specific work items, including DMARC 
related items which is not enough. I believe this effort requires 
liaison with the IETF-SMTP and DNS communities, as well as the DMARC 
and SPF communities.

How about:

   o RFC5321BIS, RFC5322BIS  Working Groups
   o "Email Bible" BCP for Hosting Mail Services Working Group

The latter would produce an Modern Integrated ESMTP guide like RFC1123 
was the "hosting bible" for many internet application hosting 
implementers.

But then again, I can see how the charter may want to keep it simple 
too with the specific work items:

  o New I-D to relax the STD10/RFC5321.Received MUST requirement,
  o New I-D for "Cryptographic Protection of E-mail Headers" (memoryhole)
  o Soliciting new ideas (any I-Ds?) for Loop Detections.


-- 
HLS



From nobody Tue Dec  8 12:42:57 2015
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>I'm going to have some time starting in January to devote to this.
>And I'm willing to put together a laundry list of issues-to-consider,
>which will no doubt be incomplete, wrong, and poorly written.  But it
>would at least be a revision 0.1 try at enumerating the things we
>could/should discuss.

I recently noticed RFC 5111 which describes an Exploratory Group, sort
of half way between a WG and a RG.  This seems like a good fit.

R's,
JOhn


From nobody Wed Dec  9 12:34:03 2015
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On Tue, Dec 08, 2015 at 08:42:27PM -0000, John Levine wrote:
> I recently noticed RFC 5111 which describes an Exploratory Group, sort
> of half way between a WG and a RG.  This seems like a good fit.

I wasn't familiar with that concept, but I agree, it seems like a good
fit.

Martijn.


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From nobody Wed Dec  9 13:17:52 2015
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> I recently noticed RFC 5111 which describes an Exploratory Group, sort
> of half way between a WG and a RG.  This seems like a good fit.


Here's why it isn't:

     The distance between the current state of the community and the
ability to start a productive working group is not merely the matter of
clarifying a few issues.

     The community has no overall sense of privacy protection, nor
efficacy of choices, nor... well, many things.

      Absent a basic, systems-approach to guide community effort, for
doing anything but the most blindingly obvious steps for protection, the
community will be executing a random walk through a very complex face.

      This will essentially guarantee spending quite a lot of time and
money on an effort that will have little benefit.

d/
-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net


From nobody Thu Dec 10 06:28:40 2015
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From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
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--On Wednesday, December 09, 2015 13:17 -0800 Dave Crocker
<dhc@dcrocker.net> wrote:

> 
>> I recently noticed RFC 5111 which describes an Exploratory
>> Group, sort of half way between a WG and a RG.  This seems
>> like a good fit.
> 
> Here's why it isn't:
> 
>      The distance between the current state of the community
> and the ability to start a productive working group is not
> merely the matter of clarifying a few issues.
> 
>      The community has no overall sense of privacy protection,
> nor efficacy of choices, nor... well, many things.
> 
>       Absent a basic, systems-approach to guide community
> effort, for doing anything but the most blindingly obvious
> steps for protection, the community will be executing a random
> walk through a very complex face.
> 
>       This will essentially guarantee spending quite a lot of
> time and money on an effort that will have little benefit.

And, if we have learned anything from either more traditional
security designs or protocol design for complex systems more
generally, it also predicts to ending up with a "solution" that
is replaces whatever attack vectors we are trying to eliminate
with others -- perhaps new and perhaps latent there already but
not discovered by the process that is used.

    john



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Date: 10 Dec 2015 15:15:41 -0000
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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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>The real question is: would spam filters still be
>able to do a good enough job if we removed these things?

No, it's not.  The question is whether there would be an overall
gain in users' privacy since providers would likely be less able
to combat phishing and other privacy attacks.

Spam filtering is just part of it, and in this case not where the
most important effects would be.

R's,
John


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Date: Thu, 10 Dec 2015 16:40:41 +0000
From: Martijn Grooten <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>
To: shutup@ietf.org
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On Thu, Dec 10, 2015 at 03:15:41PM -0000, John Levine wrote:
> >The real question is: would spam filters still be
> >able to do a good enough job if we removed these things?
>=20
> No, it's not.  The question is whether there would be an overall
> gain in users' privacy since providers would likely be less able
> to combat phishing and other privacy attacks.
>=20
> Spam filtering is just part of it, and in this case not where the
> most important effects would be.

I meant "spam filters" in the broad sense, including all human and
non-human activity against spam, though should have made that clear.

Are there other parts of the email headers that are important to
combat phishing and other "privacy attacks", apart from the submission
IP address? And how much does the actual IP address matter, as opposed
to a "cryptographic blob" of said address, that can be "decrypted" by
the ISP and is constant for some time for a given (user,IP) combination.

Martijn.


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In message <20151210164041.GA27258@lapsedordinary.net>, Martijn Grooten
<martijn@lapsedordinary.net> writes

>And how much does the actual IP address matter, as opposed
>to a "cryptographic blob" of said address, that can be "decrypted" by
>the ISP and is constant for some time for a given (user,IP) combination.

an IP address generally indicates the ISP and country of origin (but
there's a number of edge cases)

for many individuals there is only a short-term linkage between
themselves and the IP address (think dialup, DHCP systems for broadband
and carrier grade NAT solutions for mobile) so you can seldom use it for
long-term tracking of activity ("what else has this person done")

- -- 
richard                                                   Richard Clayton

Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary 
Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Benjamin Franklin 11 Nov 1755

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From nobody Thu Dec 10 09:11:26 2015
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On Thu, Dec 10, 2015 at 11:16:40AM -0500, Chris Lewis wrote:
> There really are no technical differences whatsoever between a
> blackhat and a whitehat trying to protect their identity. The ONLY
> saving grace is that (in the spam space) the blackhat is forced to
> resort to methods that scale high enough for an adequate ROI, while
> the whitehat usually doesn't care that much.

Most spam filtering - again used in the broad sense - only cares about
the identity of the sending organisation (ISP, company, etc.). And
sometimes not even that. If an email body matches some (fuzzy)
signature, it gets blocked, often regardless of who sent it from where.

It's only when said organisation doesn't do a good enough job of
checking the identity (or the hat colour) of the sender, that being able
to find the actual sender matters to everyone else.

> Tor, for example, being a case in point.  Tor would be ideal for
> spam. And it was for a bit.  Slow, but worked.  I don't know whether
> the fact that the tor network became so slow as to be unuseable, or
> that the screams from the "spammed" turned the day, but so few tor
> exit nodes support outbound port 25 nowadays that it isn't a big
> problem.

If they hadn't all blocked that port (it's the default, I believe) then
every DNSBL would add the exit nodes; Tor, by design, doesn't hide the
nodes' IP addresses and it's easy to check if a certain IP address is
or was a Tor exit node at a given time.

Tor in an email context should be used to connect to an ISP's or
corporate mail server. It's up to them to decide whether they have
enough reason to believe youare a whitehat. Many believe they are able
to do so, though they often require a one-time phone verification.

If being able to hide (the geolocation of) your submission IP address is
of vital importance, then this is the way to use email. For most people,
this isn't necessary, but it is my belief that at the very least we
should help organisations that wish to protect personal data for all of
its users to do so in a way that doesn't seriously harm the existing
email infrastructure.

Martijn.


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Date: Thu, 10 Dec 2015 17:23:36 +0000
From: Martijn Grooten <martijn@lapsedordinary.net>
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On Thu, Dec 10, 2015 at 04:56:29PM +0000, Richard Clayton wrote:
> an IP address generally indicates the ISP and country of origin (but
> there's a number of edge cases)

The email address does at least indicate the former. Personally, I don't
think country of origin is significant personal information (though here
too there are edge cases).

> for many individuals there is only a short-term linkage between
> themselves and the IP address (think dialup, DHCP systems for broadband
> and carrier grade NAT solutions for mobile) so you can seldom use it for
> long-term tracking of activity ("what else has this person done")

I have been told that in the case of a home ISP, the linkage lasts long
enough that if you send me a job application email from 1.2.3.4 that a
visit to our website three days ago from 1.2.3.4 was quite likely made
=66rom the same house.

I believe this is in part why some legislations consider an IP address
personal data.

A "crypgraphic blob" would still be linked to the customer, but not to
any other activity.

Martijn.


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From nobody Thu Dec 10 09:36:45 2015
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From: Steve Atkins <steve@wordtothewise.com>
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> On Dec 10, 2015, at 9:23 AM, Martijn Grooten =
<martijn@lapsedordinary.net> wrote:
>=20
> On Thu, Dec 10, 2015 at 04:56:29PM +0000, Richard Clayton wrote:
>> an IP address generally indicates the ISP and country of origin (but
>> there's a number of edge cases)
>=20
> The email address does at least indicate the former.

Only in the cases where the email address is provided by the access ISP
of the user. That's not as common as it was (and the case where all the =
email addresses
in the domain are used solely by users of the same access ISP is =
vanishingly
rare).

Cheers,
  Steve


From nobody Thu Dec 10 09:43:51 2015
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Hash: SHA1

In message <20151210172336.GC27258@lapsedordinary.net>, Martijn Grooten
<martijn@lapsedordinary.net> writes

>> for many individuals there is only a short-term linkage between
>> themselves and the IP address (think dialup, DHCP systems for broadband
>> and carrier grade NAT solutions for mobile) so you can seldom use it for
>> long-term tracking of activity ("what else has this person done")
>
>I have been told that in the case of a home ISP, the linkage lasts long
>enough that if you send me a job application email from 1.2.3.4 that a
>visit to our website three days ago from 1.2.3.4 was quite likely made
>from the same house.

My home cable connection has had the same IP for 15 months... but I
would expect to get a different IP if I powered the cable modem down for
more than a few minutes.

There are no general rules here and almost every possible case is common

>I believe this is in part why some legislations consider an IP address
>personal data.

It's not to do with lifetimes per se because there may exist
organisations that can link the IP to a person....  the test is

        any information
        relating to
        an identified or identifiable
        natural person

and you should read

<http://ec.europa.eu/justice/policies/privacy/docs/wpdocs/2007/wp136_en.
pdf>

for a detailed analysis of each of those four elements.

And then you can amuse yourself for seeing how the UK failed to
transcribe this especially well (so the test is different here) and then
note that the EU is almost certainly going to go forward with a
Regulation next week (so that the UK can't "cheat" in future)

>A "crypgraphic blob" would still be linked to the customer, but not to
>any other activity.

all recipients of the email (and the blob) will of course become
processors of personal data (but we all knew that already, didn't we)

- -- 
richard                                                   Richard Clayton

Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary 
Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Benjamin Franklin 11 Nov 1755

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From nobody Thu Dec 10 09:50:59 2015
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On 12/10/2015 12:11 PM, Martijn Grooten wrote:
> On Thu, Dec 10, 2015 at 11:16:40AM -0500, Chris Lewis wrote:
>> There really are no technical differences whatsoever between a
>> blackhat and a whitehat trying to protect their identity. The ONLY
>> saving grace is that (in the spam space) the blackhat is forced to
>> resort to methods that scale high enough for an adequate ROI, while
>> the whitehat usually doesn't care that much.
>
> Most spam filtering - again used in the broad sense - only cares about
> the identity of the sending organisation (ISP, company, etc.). And
> sometimes not even that. If an email body matches some (fuzzy)
> signature, it gets blocked, often regardless of who sent it from where.

I would contend that very little spam filtering cares what the identity 
is at all.  The identifier tokens just being more grist for the 
filtering engine that may help or may not.

For example, Bayes doesn't care what the words it scans mean, it looks 
for statistical similarity with stuff it knows is bad and stuff it knows 
is good.

> It's only when said organisation doesn't do a good enough job of
> checking the identity (or the hat colour) of the sender, that being able
> to find the actual sender matters to everyone else.

Or, sometimes, when you're trying to figure out where it's going to pop 
up next and/or warn providers of the toxic customer.

>> Tor, for example, being a case in point.  Tor would be ideal for
>> spam. And it was for a bit.  Slow, but worked.  I don't know whether
>> the fact that the tor network became so slow as to be unuseable, or
>> that the screams from the "spammed" turned the day, but so few tor
>> exit nodes support outbound port 25 nowadays that it isn't a big
>> problem.
>
> If they hadn't all blocked that port (it's the default, I believe)

Newbie ;-)  It wasn't always that way.  How do you think that came to be 
that way?

> then every DNSBL would add the exit nodes;

Precisely.

> Tor, by design, doesn't hide the
> nodes' IP addresses and it's easy to check if a certain IP address is
> or was a Tor exit node at a given time.

The aforementioned boilerplate describes that in copious detail so as to 
make it easier for the DNSBL operator to use their exit node list to 
whitelist them unconditionally no matter what comes out of them.

Er, no.  We're very polite.  We have boilerplate for that too.

They also get told that at least we don't treat tor nodes any 
differently than any other, and a reminder to not co-locate a tor node 
with their own servers/network and thus share the reputation of the exit 
node.

> If being able to hide (the geolocation of) your submission IP address is
> of vital importance, then this is the way to use email. For most people,
> this isn't necessary, but it is my belief that at the very least we
> should help organisations that wish to protect personal data for all of
> its users to do so in a way that doesn't seriously harm the existing
> email infrastructure.

The tor "group" had to make a similar decision, when it came to the 
serious harm to the viability of their own infrastructure by what, at 
the time, was unfettered spam.

I2P is going through a similar revolution now - going from a theology of 
the "bits must be free and more importantly private" to a realization 
that their future relevance relies on not becoming an infamous source of 
harm.  They have to come up with innovative ways to preserve what they 
want it to be, in the face of those wishing to pervert it to being a 
safe haven conduit for their abuse.


From nobody Thu Dec 10 10:06:34 2015
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp]    Proposed Charter for something
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On 12/10/2015 12:42 PM, Richard Clayton wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> In message <20151210172336.GC27258@lapsedordinary.net>, Martijn Grooten
> <martijn@lapsedordinary.net> writes
>
>>> for many individuals there is only a short-term linkage between
>>> themselves and the IP address (think dialup, DHCP systems for broadband
>>> and carrier grade NAT solutions for mobile) so you can seldom use it for
>>> long-term tracking of activity ("what else has this person done")
>>
>> I have been told that in the case of a home ISP, the linkage lasts long
>> enough that if you send me a job application email from 1.2.3.4 that a
>> visit to our website three days ago from 1.2.3.4 was quite likely made
>>from the same house.
>
> My home cable connection has had the same IP for 15 months... but I
> would expect to get a different IP if I powered the cable modem down for
> more than a few minutes.

I will be surprise if it did.  For my home system, my "dynamic" IP has 
not changed unless the box itself was replaced by my ISP (AT&T).  That 
has happened twice (box replaced) over the last 8-10 years and only 
then did the IP change.  Over those years, there has been times where 
the boxes were powered off for lengthy periods and to my surprise, and 
unlike the earlier days, there was never a new IP assigned.

> There are no general rules here and almost every possible case is common

I personally think the ISP has a contract and business deals with the 
advertising market to make sure to keep dynamic IP boxes "static" for 
as long as possible.   I'm sure they have deals with the "Facebooks" 
and "Yahoos" of the world.

In any case, I am going to pencil in an new SMTP option in our SMTP 
server product:

    [X] Add Receiver Trace Line
        (o) Show Client IP
        (_) Mask Client IP

I think it is important enough because of the improved (and society 
acceptable) BI (business intelligence) software in the market today.

Thanks

-- 
HLS



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From: "Christian Huitema" <huitema@huitema.net>
To: "'John Levine'" <johnl@taugh.com>, <shutup@ietf.org>
References: <20151210144814.GA16386@lapsedordinary.net> <20151210151541.68326.qmail@ary.lan>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp]  Proposed Charter for something
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On Thursday, December 10, 2015 7:16 AM, John Levine wrote:
> ... 
> >The real question is: would spam filters still be able to do a good
> >enough job if we removed these things?
> 
> No, it's not.  The question is whether there would be an overall gain in
users'
> privacy since providers would likely be less able to combat phishing and
> other privacy attacks.
> 
> Spam filtering is just part of it, and in this case not where the most
important
> effects would be.

I am not sure I understand correctly, but it seems the reference to phishing
is in the context of "impersonated users." Bob receives a mail that appears
to come from "Alice@example.com." Everything matches, SPF, DKIM, DMARC. So
Bob actually believes the mail comes from Alice, and opens the attachment.
But the mail actually comes from the evil Eve, who somehow managed to
acquire Alice's password, and submitted the phishing message by
authenticating as Alice to Alice's MSA. In that context, if Bob's UA notices
that the submission IP comes from Upper Nowheristan instead of the usual
Mirrorland, Bob's UA could pop up a warning, or block the message. Is that a
correct summary of the concern?

-- Christian Huitema


 


From nobody Thu Dec 10 11:36:27 2015
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On 12/10/2015 01:48 PM, Christian Huitema wrote:

> I am not sure I understand correctly, but it seems the reference to phishing
> is in the context of "impersonated users." Bob receives a mail that appears
> to come from "Alice@example.com." Everything matches, SPF, DKIM, DMARC. So
> Bob actually believes the mail comes from Alice, and opens the attachment.
> But the mail actually comes from the evil Eve, who somehow managed to
> acquire Alice's password, and submitted the phishing message by
> authenticating as Alice to Alice's MSA. In that context, if Bob's UA notices
> that the submission IP comes from Upper Nowheristan instead of the usual
> Mirrorland, Bob's UA could pop up a warning, or block the message. Is that a
> correct summary of the concern?

If all of these in place world wide (ha!), it would still only apply to 
a small percentage (generally <10%) of the phishing that tries to 
impersonate the email address completely.  Most phishes don't 
impersonate email addresses, just the "friendly" part of the From: line 
if that.

How does SPF/DKIM/DMARC help you with?

Subject: Alert!  Your American Express card has been compromised!
From: "AmericanExpress Accounts" <frazzum@razzum.bar>

[Especially if razzum.bar's DMARC lines up]

Right now the highest volume spam of all is blind-recipient spoofing on 
behalf of various (for the most part non-finance) companies, and the 
headers are all brand-specific and consistent - except for the 
DKIM-useful header bits which are just plain random.  And infects you 
(with Dyre/Dridex) if you fall for it - just like phishing, but 
infection not identity/account being the payload.

The lack of a unique id of some kind (relatively static in terms of spam 
burst durations), forces the ML (or less sophisticated filter) to treat 
all of the output of a given domain (or MTA) as equal, and it cannot use 
originator distinction to "help" the content filtering.  Which, as we 
well know, is extraordinarily difficult in the case of 419 and 
essentially impossible in the case of CEO phishing.


From nobody Thu Dec 10 13:19:35 2015
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From: "Christian Huitema" <huitema@huitema.net>
To: "'Chris Lewis'" <ietf@mustelids.ca>, "'John Levine'" <johnl@taugh.com>, <shutup@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Shutup] [ietf-smtp] Proposed Charter for something
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On  Thursday, December 10, 2015 11:36 AM, Chris Lewis wrote:
> On 12/10/2015 01:48 PM, Christian Huitema wrote:
> 
> > I am not sure I understand correctly, but it seems the reference to
> > phishing is in the context of "impersonated users." Bob receives a
> > mail that appears to come from "Alice@example.com." Everything
> > matches, SPF, DKIM, DMARC. So Bob actually believes the mail comes from
> Alice, and opens the attachment.
> > But the mail actually comes from the evil Eve, who somehow managed to
> > acquire Alice's password, and submitted the phishing message by
> > authenticating as Alice to Alice's MSA. In that context, if Bob's UA
> > notices that the submission IP comes from Upper Nowheristan instead of
> > the usual Mirrorland, Bob's UA could pop up a warning, or block the
> > message. Is that a correct summary of the concern?
> 
> If all of these in place world wide (ha!), it would still only apply to a
small
> percentage (generally <10%) of the phishing that tries to impersonate the
> email address completely.  Most phishes don't impersonate email addresses,
> just the "friendly" part of the From: line if that.

Yes of course. There are many types of attacks, the "mass market" scammers
use crude techniques, and they probably account for the biggest volumes. But
these are not the only ones that we care about. The more sophisticated
"spear phishing" attacks commonly include detailed reconnaissance of the
target and their relations, precisely of the type "hacking Alice to get to
Bob." I think that's what you refer to when you mention "CEO phishing."

We could argue that checking the origin IP is only one of the many possible
ways to harden mail systems against phishing, and that alternatives could be
just as efficient. Maybe. But first, I would like to be sure that we
understand the scenarios in which the origin IP address is used to prevent
phishing.

-- Christian Huitema



 


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>1. Phone number:  in theoretical terms it works as an identifier.
>However there have been attempts to get it used as an alternative to an
>email address and there's been no traction.

>And BTW, phone number only sometimes -- maybe
>even often, but not always -- maps to a specific individual...

How many apps do you use on a phone or tablet?  Lots and lots of them
use your mobile phone number as the identifier, since everyone knows
his own number, and mobile phones are quite personal.  Of course, bad
programmers are everywhere, and since my tablet has no phone number,
well, um.

I'm certainly not saying it's a great idea, but it's got plenty of
traction.

R's,
John


From nobody Sun Dec 13 07:11:15 2015
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To: John Levine <johnl@taugh.com>
From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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On 12/12/2015 6:18 PM, John Levine wrote:
> How many apps do you use on a phone or tablet?  Lots and lots of them
> use your mobile phone number as the identifier, since everyone knows
> his own number, 


The problem is that everyone does not know /every else's/.  That's the
usability issue.  Acquisition and recall by /others/.

d/

-- 
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
bbiw.net

