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From: Matt Lepinski <mlepinski@bbn.com>
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To: Rob Austein <sra@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Multiple Signatures on a ROA: Proposal
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Rob,

Thanks for your feedback.

I understand your skeptism about the need for multiple signatures. 
Ultimately, no one can see the future well enough to know how often such 
a mechanism will be needed. However, if the mechanism is needed and we 
don't support it, it's not the kind of thing that can be added later in 
any reasonable manner.

With regards to your comments, I'm happy to clearly specify that (1) All 
signatures must be valid or the ROA; and (2) Two signatures covering 
overlapping IP address ranges are not allowed.

With regards to the ExactMatch flag, the intent of the ExactMatch flag 
is to specify the rules for matching the prefix(es) in a ROA with the 
prefix(es) advertised in a BGP UPDATE. That is, when ExactMatch is TRUE 
the AS must advertise exactly the prefix(es) listed in the ROA, where as 
if ExactMatch is FALSE then the AS may advertise more specific (longer) 
prefixes than those listed in the ROA. In either case, I belive the 
addresses in the ROA should exactly match the (union) of the addresses 
in the EE certificate(s) regardless of whether there is one or more 
signature on the ROA.

Personally, I would like to see the specification dictate that any 
SignerInfo whose digest algorithm is not SHA-256 be ignored (treated as 
if it were not present) by the validation algorithm. I do not believe 
this adds much additional complexity and I believe that if we do not 
such a provision, then we will be stuck with SHA-256 forever (and if we 
do add such a provision then at some point in the distant future the 
spec could be updated to allow backwards-compatible migration to a new 
digest algorithm).

That point aside for the moment, based on your comments I would propose 
to re-write the ROA validation algorithm as follows.
[Please let me know if you have any suggestions for improving this text, 
especially if you see a way to make the description simpler/clearer]

1. Verify that the ROA syntax complies with the syntax specified in 
draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format. If the syntax is improper in any way, then 
the ROA is invalid.

2. Process each SignerInfo object in the SignerInfos list, as follows:

   2.1 Obtain an EE certificate whose Subject Key Identifier
        (SKI) matches the sid field of the SignerInfo object.
        This certificate may be obtained from the certificates field
        of the SignedData object (if present), the resource PKI
        repository system, or a local cache.

   2.2 Use the public key in the EE certificate to verify the
          signature on the ROA. If the signature is invalid then
          the ROA is invalid.

   2.3 Verify that the EE certificate is a valid end-entity
          certificate in the resource PKI by constructing a valid
          certificate path to a trust anchor. (See
          draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs for more details.)
          If the EE certificate is invalid then the ROA is invalid.

   2.4 Verify that the EE certificate has an IP Address Delegation
          extension [RFC3779]. If the IP address range specificed in
          the RFC 3779 extension overlaps with any IP address
          range corresponding to a previous SignerInfo Object,
          then the ROA is invalid.

   3. Compute the union of IP address ranges in the RFC 3779
       extensions of the EE certificates used to verify the signatures
       in Step 2. If this union exactly matches the IP address
       prefix(es) in the ROA, then the ROA is valid, otherwise it is
       invalid.

Note: Again, I would propose adding a Step 2.0 that says "If the 
digestAlgorithm of the SignerInfo object is not SHA-256, then ignore the 
SignerInfo object and proceed to the next SignerInfo object."

- Matt Lepinski :->

Rob Austein wrote:

>I remain quite skeptical about the need for this, but will suspend
>disbelief on that point for the remainder of this message.
>
>The proposal is too complicated for the stated purpose, mostly because
>it allows overlapping resource sets.  That drags in all sorts of fun
>topics, such as partial overlaps, overlaps with multiple algorithms,
>downgrade attacks, deciding how many good signatures is enough,
>etcetera ad nauseum.
>
>Complicated decision trees means multiple code paths.  Rarely used
>code paths will be buggy.  Buggy code paths will be an attack vector.
>This is supposed to be security software.  Keep it simple.
>
>If you must support multiple signatures, do it as simply as possible:
>
>- All signatures must be good, if any are bad, so is the ROA.  Full
>  stop.
>
>- Overlaps are not allowed, full stop.
>
>- If the ROA's exactMatch field is true, the prefixes listed in the
>  ROA must be an exact match for the union of the set of prefixes
>  covered by the certs; otherwise, the prefixes listed in the ROA must
>  be a subset (possibly improper) of the union of the resources in the
>  cert.
>_______________________________________________
>Sidr mailing list
>Sidr@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>
>  
>


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From: "Vishwas Manral" <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
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Cc: Roland Dobbins <rdobbins@cisco.com>, opsec wg mailing list <opsec@ietf.org>,
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC] pccw as17557 leak...
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Hi Sandra,

I also noted the services of RIPE are currently accessible through
http and not https. That is an issue too.

I have notified RIPE about the same.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Thu, Feb 28, 2008 at 1:12 PM, Sandra Murphy <sandy@sparta.com> wrote:
>
>
>  On Thu, 28 Feb 2008, Vishwas Manral wrote:
>
>  > Hi Sandra,
>  >
>
> > To further clarify,
>  >>  The only point I want to add to the discussion is because we have to
>  >>  verify the Origin only in the first hop peer, we do not need a global
>  >>  database (as I mentioned we are not saving against malicious attacks
>  >>  in any case).
>  > This would mean for someone who gets the information from RIPE does
>  > not need to necessarily use the mechanism the way it currently stands.
>  >
>
>
>  As long as:
>
>  (a) you were interested in protecting only those prefixes that are managed
>  by RIPE - data in RIPE about other prefixes doesn't fall under the
>  protection of their security model, and the RIPE database does not
>  contain all prefixes,
>
>  and
>
>  (b) you were comfortable with the trust model of RIPE (they authenticate
>  the upload of the data with varying strength of authentication and you
>  must get the data, whose aussurance you can not yourself verify, from them
>  and only them with a protected transport they support).
>
>  As an additional wrinkle, I believe that RIPE does allocate prefixes to
>  LIRs.  I do not know if the LIRs are required to maintain the RIPE
>  security model in their allocations.
>
>  --Sandy
>
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On 2-Mar-2008, at 11:37, Vishwas Manral wrote:

> I also noted the services of RIPE are currently accessible through
> http and not https. That is an issue too.

An issue for what or whom? And what do you mean by "the services"?


Joe

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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC]  pccw as17557 leak...
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Hi Joe,

I was talking about the RIPE whois and other related tools that RIPE
provides, when I looked at the link given below:
http://www.ripe.net/news/study-youtube-hijacking.html

As the tools cannot be accessed using https but using http, the tools
cannot be used in a guaranteed fashion. We cannot build scripts over
the tools and feel the information.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Mar 4, 2008 at 7:04 AM, Joe Abley <jabley@ca.afilias.info> wrote:
>
>  On 2-Mar-2008, at 11:37, Vishwas Manral wrote:
>
>  > I also noted the services of RIPE are currently accessible through
>  > http and not https. That is an issue too.
>
>  An issue for what or whom? And what do you mean by "the services"?
>
>
>  Joe
>
>
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On 4-Mar-2008, at 10:14, Vishwas Manral wrote:

> I was talking about the RIPE whois and other related tools that RIPE
> provides, when I looked at the link given below:
> http://www.ripe.net/news/study-youtube-hijacking.html
>
> As the tools cannot be accessed using https but using http, the tools
> cannot be used in a guaranteed fashion. We cannot build scripts over
> the tools and feel the information.

I had no idea they were available over http. Everybody I know who uses  
them uses whois.

As to "cannot build", that doesn't seem to be an opinion shared by the  
many ISPs who "have built".


Joe
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Hi Joe,

>  I had no idea they were available over http. Everybody I know who uses
>  them uses whois.
>
>  As to "cannot build", that doesn't seem to be an opinion shared by the
>  many ISPs who "have built".
The point I raise is about a guarantee of talking to the right server.
If the tools are already built and are not checking the certificate of
the site they are getting the information from, then that is another
weakness in the system, that is breakable.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Mar 4, 2008 at 7:22 AM, Joe Abley <jabley@ca.afilias.info> wrote:
>
>  On 4-Mar-2008, at 10:14, Vishwas Manral wrote:
>
>  > I was talking about the RIPE whois and other related tools that RIPE
>  > provides, when I looked at the link given below:
>  > http://www.ripe.net/news/study-youtube-hijacking.html
>  >
>  > As the tools cannot be accessed using https but using http, the tools
>  > cannot be used in a guaranteed fashion. We cannot build scripts over
>  > the tools and feel the information.
>
>  I had no idea they were available over http. Everybody I know who uses
>  them uses whois.
>
>  As to "cannot build", that doesn't seem to be an opinion shared by the
>  many ISPs who "have built".
>
>
>  Joe
>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC]  pccw as17557 leak...
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Hi Joe,

To further explain it. In my view SSL is the right protocol for this
kind of transaction (we could use IPSec with BTNS too though). As the
idea is to get the information from the right server, the client
itself could be any one.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Mar 4, 2008 at 7:27 AM, Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi Joe,
>
>
>  >  I had no idea they were available over http. Everybody I know who uses
>  >  them uses whois.
>  >
>  >  As to "cannot build", that doesn't seem to be an opinion shared by the
>  >  many ISPs who "have built".
>  The point I raise is about a guarantee of talking to the right server.
>  If the tools are already built and are not checking the certificate of
>  the site they are getting the information from, then that is another
>  weakness in the system, that is breakable.
>
>  Thanks,
>  Vishwas
>
>
>
>  On Tue, Mar 4, 2008 at 7:22 AM, Joe Abley <jabley@ca.afilias.info> wrote:
>  >
>  >  On 4-Mar-2008, at 10:14, Vishwas Manral wrote:
>  >
>  >  > I was talking about the RIPE whois and other related tools that RIPE
>  >  > provides, when I looked at the link given below:
>  >  > http://www.ripe.net/news/study-youtube-hijacking.html
>  >  >
>  >  > As the tools cannot be accessed using https but using http, the tools
>  >  > cannot be used in a guaranteed fashion. We cannot build scripts over
>  >  > the tools and feel the information.
>  >
>  >  I had no idea they were available over http. Everybody I know who uses
>  >  them uses whois.
>  >
>  >  As to "cannot build", that doesn't seem to be an opinion shared by the
>  >  many ISPs who "have built".
>  >
>  >
>  >  Joe
>  >
>
_______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC]  pccw as17557 leak...
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On 4-Mar-2008, at 10:36, Vishwas Manral wrote:

> To further explain it. In my view SSL is the right protocol for this
> kind of transaction (we could use IPSec with BTNS too though). As the
> idea is to get the information from the right server, the client
> itself could be any one.

That seems like a feasible band-aid over the deficiencies of the  
existing service, although it's clearly no panacea. It also has the  
practical problem that existing scripts that use whois would need  
modification, although the whois "protocol" and client are so trivial  
that it would presumably be straightforward for someone to implement a  
change to the (say) BSD client to implement an SSL wrapper with server- 
side certificate verification.

Allowing the integrity of the data itself to be trusted (e.g. using  
the resource certification work) seems like a more appropriate  
direction than worrying about the security of data retrieval, though,  
which perhaps explains why SSL-wrapping whois has not already been  
done by anybody.


Joe

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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC]  pccw as17557 leak...
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Hi Joe,

If you saw the mail exchange between Sandra and I, you will notice she
mentioned the reason they have to go ahead with SIDR even though we
have tools available from RIPE. What I have been trying to do is to
figure out weaknesses. in the current infrastructure to get a secure
behavior. As a first step I found out this weakness and updated RIPE/
Daniel about the same.

As we discussed earlier SIDR does not provide a totally secure
infrastructure. The point here is that SIDR is giving some very basic
improvements in the security, generally in the non-malicious case. The
idea is can we get a similar security with the current infrastructure,
by doing minor improvements. There is a certain cost involved with the
SIDR infrastructure.

I do not think the SSL channel has not been done because it is
unnecessary. I guess there hasn't been an attack on that side of the
infrastructure yet, but these are well known issues/ attacks in other
fields.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Mar 4, 2008 at 7:43 AM, Joe Abley <jabley@ca.afilias.info> wrote:
>
>  On 4-Mar-2008, at 10:36, Vishwas Manral wrote:
>
>  > To further explain it. In my view SSL is the right protocol for this
>  > kind of transaction (we could use IPSec with BTNS too though). As the
>  > idea is to get the information from the right server, the client
>  > itself could be any one.
>
>  That seems like a feasible band-aid over the deficiencies of the
>  existing service, although it's clearly no panacea. It also has the
>  practical problem that existing scripts that use whois would need
>  modification, although the whois "protocol" and client are so trivial
>  that it would presumably be straightforward for someone to implement a
>  change to the (say) BSD client to implement an SSL wrapper with server-
>  side certificate verification.
>
>  Allowing the integrity of the data itself to be trusted (e.g. using
>  the resource certification work) seems like a more appropriate
>  direction than worrying about the security of data retrieval, though,
>  which perhaps explains why SSL-wrapping whois has not already been
>  done by anybody.
>
>
>  Joe
>
>
_______________________________________________
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On Tue, 4 Mar 2008, Vishwas Manral wrote:

> Hi Joe,
>
> If you saw the mail exchange between Sandra and I, you will notice she
> mentioned the reason they have to go ahead with SIDR even though we
> have tools available from RIPE. What I have been trying to do is to
> figure out weaknesses. in the current infrastructure to get a secure
> behavior. As a first step I found out this weakness and updated RIPE/
> Daniel about the same.

Please keep in mind that RIPE is not the only IRR.  And RIPE can not 
verify authorization for prefixes and ASs outside its range.  So improving 
RIPE does not buy you what you want.


>
> As we discussed earlier SIDR does not provide a totally secure
> infrastructure. The point here is that SIDR is giving some very basic
> improvements in the security, generally in the non-malicious case.

Please keep in mind that I have said SIDR does most definitely protect 
against malicious attacks for those attacks it is addressing.

SIDR makes no difference between maliciousness or carelessness in the 
attacks it counters.

There are plenty of malicious and accidental ways to attack routers that 
are not in the realm of what SIDR is considering now.  Maliciousness is 
not the distinguisher here.

To be plain, to say SIDR addresses only non-malicious cases is flat out 
WRONG.  (And sorry for not having pointed that out before, I thought I 
did.)


> The
> idea is can we get a similar security with the current infrastructure,
> by doing minor improvements. There is a certain cost involved with the
> SIDR infrastructure.

No, we cannot get similar security with current infrastructure, even with 
MAJOR improvements to the security of the current infrastructure.  The 
structure of the current infrastructure does not permit similar security 
to what the RPKI provides.

Unless, of course, you want to add all RPKI features to the IRR model, so 
that the IRR becomes the same as the RPKI.  Of course, you adopt the cost 
as well.

--Sandy

>
> I do not think the SSL channel has not been done because it is
> unnecessary. I guess there hasn't been an attack on that side of the
> infrastructure yet, but these are well known issues/ attacks in other
> fields.
>
> Thanks,
> Vishwas
>

<snip>
_______________________________________________
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Date: Tue, 4 Mar 2008 08:49:41 -0800
From: "Vishwas Manral" <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: "Sandra Murphy" <sandy@sparta.com>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC]  pccw as17557 leak...
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Hi Sandra,

You are right RIPE is not the only IRR. The reason I brought up RIPE
is because it was mentioned that RIPE provides more secure services.
If it is a good model, I would wonder why other IRR cannot do the
same.

>  To be plain, to say SIDR addresses only non-malicious cases is flat out
>  WRONG.  (And sorry for not having pointed that out before, I thought I
>  did.)
Sandra, yes you mentioned it clearly in your mail. Let me put an
analogy for the same and let me know if our differences of opinions
match, We have 4 glasses on a window and one of them has been made
fully bulletproof at a big expense. The point you raise is it protects
when you hit against the glass that has been made bulletproof. The
point I bring out is that if at a cheaper cost we can harden the
glasses it may be a better option. That is what I mean by
non-malicious intent.

I guess that is the difference of opinion we have.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Mar 4, 2008 at 8:34 AM, Sandra Murphy <sandy@sparta.com> wrote:
>
>
>  On Tue, 4 Mar 2008, Vishwas Manral wrote:
>
>  > Hi Joe,
>  >
>  > If you saw the mail exchange between Sandra and I, you will notice she
>  > mentioned the reason they have to go ahead with SIDR even though we
>  > have tools available from RIPE. What I have been trying to do is to
>  > figure out weaknesses. in the current infrastructure to get a secure
>  > behavior. As a first step I found out this weakness and updated RIPE/
>  > Daniel about the same.
>
>  Please keep in mind that RIPE is not the only IRR.  And RIPE can not
>  verify authorization for prefixes and ASs outside its range.  So improving
>  RIPE does not buy you what you want.
>
>
>
>  >
>  > As we discussed earlier SIDR does not provide a totally secure
>  > infrastructure. The point here is that SIDR is giving some very basic
>  > improvements in the security, generally in the non-malicious case.
>
>  Please keep in mind that I have said SIDR does most definitely protect
>  against malicious attacks for those attacks it is addressing.
>
>  SIDR makes no difference between maliciousness or carelessness in the
>  attacks it counters.
>
>  There are plenty of malicious and accidental ways to attack routers that
>  are not in the realm of what SIDR is considering now.  Maliciousness is
>  not the distinguisher here.
>
>  To be plain, to say SIDR addresses only non-malicious cases is flat out
>  WRONG.  (And sorry for not having pointed that out before, I thought I
>  did.)
>
>
>
>  > The
>  > idea is can we get a similar security with the current infrastructure,
>  > by doing minor improvements. There is a certain cost involved with the
>  > SIDR infrastructure.
>
>  No, we cannot get similar security with current infrastructure, even with
>  MAJOR improvements to the security of the current infrastructure.  The
>  structure of the current infrastructure does not permit similar security
>  to what the RPKI provides.
>
>  Unless, of course, you want to add all RPKI features to the IRR model, so
>  that the IRR becomes the same as the RPKI.  Of course, you adopt the cost
>  as well.
>
>  --Sandy
>
>
>  >
>  > I do not think the SSL channel has not been done because it is
>  > unnecessary. I guess there hasn't been an attack on that side of the
>  > infrastructure yet, but these are well known issues/ attacks in other
>  > fields.
>  >
>  > Thanks,
>  > Vishwas
>  >
>
>  <snip>
>
_______________________________________________
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https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


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In message <5B7F4259-8CAB-4895-8F26-8BFD0CE7C56B@ca.afilias.info>
Joe Abley writes:
>  
>  
> On 4-Mar-2008, at 10:14, Vishwas Manral wrote:
>  
> > I was talking about the RIPE whois and other related tools that RIPE
> > provides, when I looked at the link given below:
> > http://www.ripe.net/news/study-youtube-hijacking.html
> >
> > As the tools cannot be accessed using https but using http, the tools
> > cannot be used in a guaranteed fashion. We cannot build scripts over
> > the tools and feel the information.
>  
> I had no idea they were available over http. Everybody I know who uses  
> them uses whois.
>  
> As to "cannot build", that doesn't seem to be an opinion shared by the  
> many ISPs who "have built".
>  
>  
> Joe
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr



http://www.ripe.net/db/support/update-reference-manual.pdf

Read the abstract and you'll find out what is used for security.  Its
a bit old but it works.

The query or update is in the clear (not encrypted) but can be
authenticated with a signature over the contents.

Curtis

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In message <Pine.WNT.4.64.0803041119370.4228@SANDYM-LT.columbia.ads.sparta.com>
Sandra Murphy writes:
>  
> [---8<---snip---]
>  
> > The
> > idea is can we get a similar security with the current infrastructure,
> > by doing minor improvements. There is a certain cost involved with the
> > SIDR infrastructure.
>  
> No, we cannot get similar security with current infrastructure, even with 
> MAJOR improvements to the security of the current infrastructure.  The 
> structure of the current infrastructure does not permit similar security 
> to what the RPKI provides.
>  
> Unless, of course, you want to add all RPKI features to the IRR model, so 
> that the IRR becomes the same as the RPKI.  Of course, you adopt the cost 
> as well.
>  
> --Sandy


Sandy,

Would you please enumerate those things that the IRR model does not
support after reading RFC2725 and RFC2769.

Note that RFC2769 has not been implemented but would provide the
missing functionality (ability to authenticate information held in
other registries).  It also provides efficient replication of
databases so anyone can have a local copy of any database of interest
to improve query time.

I am not advocating going in that direction, simply pointing out that
SIDR to a large extent reinvents the wheel.  If anything I think SIDR
not implementing the full RPSL semantics is deficient.

Curtis
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Date: Sun, 9 Mar 2008 22:42:45 -0400
To: curtis@occnc.com
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC] pccw as17557 leak...
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At 12:34 AM -0500 3/6/08, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
>I...
>
>
>Sandy,
>
>Would you please enumerate those things that the IRR model does not
>support after reading RFC2725 and RFC2769.
>
>Note that RFC2769 has not been implemented but would provide the
>missing functionality (ability to authenticate information held in
>other registries).  It also provides efficient replication of
>databases so anyone can have a local copy of any database of interest
>to improve query time.
>
>I am not advocating going in that direction, simply pointing out that
>SIDR to a large extent reinvents the wheel.  If anything I think SIDR
>not implementing the full RPSL semantics is deficient.
>
>Curtis

Curtis,

My impression was that 2769 does not address the same set of concerns 
that the RPKI work is addressing.

The RPKI provides a strong, cert-based link between the resource 
allocation hierarchy and signed objects that attest to resource 
holdings. The use of ROAs and analogous signed objects (verifiable 
under the RPKI) enable resource holders to make clearly defined 
assertions about resources, e.g, the authorization of an AS to 
originate a route to a prefix. These assertions can be verified 
without worrying about the integrity of the management of an IRR, 
e.g., the path via which the object was obtained.

2769 seems to focus on authorization to manage objects in the IRR, a 
very important but distinct concern.  The integrity model seems to 
emphasize transitive trust (e.g., tracing data integrity back to an 
authoritative directory), and authorization of manage an object. This 
is different from the use of signed objects that can be verified 
through use of an authoritative PKI. (I note that the term PKI does 
not appear anywhere in the RFC, and the term certificate (or cert) 
appears only a few times. There are references to use of PGP keys for 
authenticating a user who wants to manage objects, but that is a very 
different use of public key crypto.)

It is appropriate to examine the intersection of the IRR/RPSL model 
and the SIDR work to see how the two can fit together, but I disagree 
with the suggestion that SIDR "reinvents the wheel." SIDR adopts a 
different initial focus, i.e., defining a profile for certs that 
represent resource holdings. As we move to introduce additional 
signed objects, e.g. ROAs and BOAs, then  we get closer to some of 
the functionality of RPSL.

Steve
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<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<html><head><style type="text/css"><!--
blockquote, dl, ul, ol, li { padding-top: 0 ; padding-bottom: 0 }
 --></style><title>Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC] pccw as17557
leak...</title></head><body>
<div>At 12:34 AM -0500 3/6/08, Curtis Villamizar wrote:</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>I...</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite><br>
<br>
Sandy,<br>
<br>
Would you please enumerate those things that the IRR model does
not<br>
support after reading RFC2725 and RFC2769.<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>Note that RFC2769 has not been
implemented but would provide the<br>
missing functionality (ability to authenticate information held in<br>
other registries).&nbsp; It also provides efficient replication of<br>
databases so anyone can have a local copy of any database of
interest<br>
to improve query time.<br>
<br>
I am not advocating going in that direction, simply pointing out
that<br>
SIDR to a large extent reinvents the wheel.&nbsp; If anything I think
SIDR<br>
not implementing the full RPSL semantics is deficient.<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>Curtis</blockquote>
<div><br></div>
<div>Curtis,</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>My impression was that 2769 does not address the same set of
concerns that the RPKI work is addressing.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>The RPKI provides a strong, cert-based link between the resource
allocation hierarchy and signed objects that attest to resource
holdings. The use of ROAs and analogous signed objects (verifiable
under the RPKI) enable resource holders to make clearly defined
assertions about resources, e.g, the authorization of an AS to
originate a route to a prefix. These assertions can be verified
without worrying about the integrity of the management of an IRR,
e.g., the path via which the object was obtained.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>2769 seems to focus on authorization to manage objects in the
IRR, a very important but distinct concern.&nbsp; The integrity model
seems to emphasize transitive trust (e.g., tracing data integrity back
to an authoritative directory), and authorization of manage an object.
This is different from the use of signed objects that can be verified
through use of an authoritative PKI. (I note that the term<u> PKI</u>
does not appear anywhere in the RFC, and the term<u> certificate</u>
(or<u> cert</u>) appears only a few times. There are references to use
of PGP keys for authenticating a user who wants to manage objects, but
that is a very different use of public key crypto.)</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>It is appropriate to examine the intersection of the IRR/RPSL
model and the SIDR work to see how the two can fit together, but I
disagree with the suggestion that SIDR &quot;reinvents the wheel.&quot;
SIDR adopts a different initial focus, i.e., defining a profile for
certs that represent resource holdings. As we move to introduce
additional signed objects, e.g. ROAs and BOAs, then&nbsp; we get
closer to some of the functionality of RPSL.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Steve</div>
</body>
</html>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] [OPSEC] pccw as17557 leak...
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On Thu, Feb 28, 2008 at 01:34:49PM -0500, Sandra Murphy wrote:
> When I say origination of route advertisements, I am not talking about the 
> ORIGIN attribute in the BGP Update.

I'd suggest refering to this as the originating AS.

-- Jeff
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On Thu, 6 Mar 2008, Curtis Villamizar wrote:

>
> In message <Pine.WNT.4.64.0803041119370.4228@SANDYM-LT.columbia.ads.sparta.com>
> Sandra Murphy writes:
>>
>> [---8<---snip---]
>>

<< snip >>
>
> Sandy,
>
> Would you please enumerate those things that the IRR model does not
> support after reading RFC2725 and RFC2769.
>
> Note that RFC2769 has not been implemented but would provide the
> missing functionality (ability to authenticate information held in
> other registries).  It also provides efficient replication of
> databases so anyone can have a local copy of any database of interest
> to improve query time.
>
> I am not advocating going in that direction, simply pointing out that
> SIDR to a large extent reinvents the wheel.  If anything I think SIDR
> not implementing the full RPSL semantics is deficient.
>
> Curtis
>

I commented last July on the security model (RPSS) used in RIPE

http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/sidr/current/msg00207.html

To expand a bit.

The model in RPSS has a similar basis as the model used in the RPKI, 
namely that delegation of a prefix requires authority over a covering 
prefix - that comes from the inetnum authorization requirement.  The RPSS 
model also insists that the prefix holder is the one who authorizes 
origination of routes to that prefix.

The RPSS model goes further to insist that authorization to originate 
routes (actually, to create a route object for a prefix) must also be 
granted by the AS mentioned.  In that the authorization model in RPSS is 
different than the RPKI model.

That makes revoking authorization different as well.  To delte a route 
object in RPSS, you need the authorization of both the prefix holder and 
the AS.  (This could cause difficulties if some prefix holder changes 
providers and wishes to remove the route object, if its former provider is 
not interested in OK the route object deletion.)

RFC2769 addresses the problem (I think) of invalidating inetnums that are 
derived from an inetnet that gets deleted.  (If that is what is meant as 
"repeating authorization checks".)  It seems to me that there is no way to 
bound the number of database objects that are potentially effected by one 
object deletion.

But the biggest difference is in the trust model.  RPSS assumes that the 
IRR has a way to authenticate the principles - the maintainers.  A 
particular object might have multiple maintainers (of various types) and 
each can have more than one way to be authenticated.  The maintainers 
authenticate in some way to the IRR and the IRR stores the data.  Those 
referring to the data must have some way to retrieve the data from the IRR 
that is itself secure.

But even with a secure retrieval, the data retrieved carries no hint of 
the authentication with which it was transmitted to the IRR.  You don't 
know which maintainer placed the info there and you don't know what 
authentication mechanism was used in accepting the data.

No one can authenticate the data except the IRR, and no one can know what 
assurance to place in the data, aside from a blind "I trust my IRR".

There are also issues of staleness of data, as there is no mechanism to 
state and enforce a validity period.  (From reports, stale IRR data played 
a part in the spread of bogus info in the Con Ed incident last year.)

An IRR might go to using the strongest authentication possible, and to 
accepting signed data and storing the signature.  And publishing the certs 
it assigned to users.  That would go pretty far to giving the same 
assurance of the RPKI.  But that's kind of what I meant about adopting the 
same mechanisms as the RPKI, and therefore the cost

--Sandy.
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Hi,

As discussed in the meeting, it might make sense to scope the 
architecture document in such a manner that the document doesn't need 
to be in progress while the more specific secure routing work goes on.

I believe this recasting needs to start from the basics (preferably 
from the draft name but changing that isn't probably worth it), 
because the current Title and Abstract can be read to describe secure 
internet routing infrastructure, which it doesn't really do in the 
wider interpretation.

Replace title:

   An Infrastructure to Support Secure Internet Routing

with e.g.:

   A Public Key Infrastructure to Describe Route Origination
   Authorizations

I don't see a need to have Secure Internet Routing in the title at 
all; it is prone to mislead the user.

Similar recasting should be applied in Abstract and Introduction, e.g. 
with Abstract:

Abstract

    This document describes an architecture for an infrastructure to
    support secure Internet routing. The foundation of this architecture
    is a public key infrastructure (PKI) that represents the allocation
    hierarchy of IP address space and Autonomous System Numbers;
    certificates from this PKI are used to verify signed objects that
    authorize autonomous systems to originate routes for specified IP
    address prefixes. The data objects that comprise the PKI, as well as
    other signed objects necessary for secure routing, are stored and
    disseminated through a distributed repository system. This document
    also describes at a high level how this architecture can be used to
    add security features to common operations such as IP address space
    allocation and route filter construction.

Replace with (also summarizing it a bit):

    This document describes a public key infrastructure (PKI), the
    certificates of which could be used to verify signed objects that
    authorize autonomous systems to originate routes for specified IP
    address prefixes.  These and supporting data objects can be stored and
    disseminated through a distributed repository system.

Possibly also keep the last sentence, but this is a bit of can of 
worms because these mechanisms have already been described as 
incomplete (and to avoid this can of worms, some text in section 7.2 
and 7.3 could possibly be removed or reworded):

                                                         This document
    also describes at a high level how this architecture can be used to
    add security features to common operations such as IP address space
    allocation and route filter construction.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings
_______________________________________________
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[top post only]

I agree with Pekka's recommendations here and think
recasting it to be far more precise about what problems
we're discussing in the architecture document is very
important.

-danny


On Mar 10, 2008, at 4:59 PM, Pekka Savola wrote:

> Hi,
>
> As discussed in the meeting, it might make sense to scope the
> architecture document in such a manner that the document doesn't need
> to be in progress while the more specific secure routing work goes on.
>
> I believe this recasting needs to start from the basics (preferably
> from the draft name but changing that isn't probably worth it),
> because the current Title and Abstract can be read to describe secure
> internet routing infrastructure, which it doesn't really do in the
> wider interpretation.
>
> Replace title:
>
>   An Infrastructure to Support Secure Internet Routing
>
> with e.g.:
>
>   A Public Key Infrastructure to Describe Route Origination
>   Authorizations
>
> I don't see a need to have Secure Internet Routing in the title at
> all; it is prone to mislead the user.
>
> Similar recasting should be applied in Abstract and Introduction, e.g.
> with Abstract:
>
> Abstract
>
>    This document describes an architecture for an infrastructure to
>    support secure Internet routing. The foundation of this  
> architecture
>    is a public key infrastructure (PKI) that represents the allocation
>    hierarchy of IP address space and Autonomous System Numbers;
>    certificates from this PKI are used to verify signed objects that
>    authorize autonomous systems to originate routes for specified IP
>    address prefixes. The data objects that comprise the PKI, as well  
> as
>    other signed objects necessary for secure routing, are stored and
>    disseminated through a distributed repository system. This document
>    also describes at a high level how this architecture can be used to
>    add security features to common operations such as IP address space
>    allocation and route filter construction.
>
> Replace with (also summarizing it a bit):
>
>    This document describes a public key infrastructure (PKI), the
>    certificates of which could be used to verify signed objects that
>    authorize autonomous systems to originate routes for specified IP
>    address prefixes.  These and supporting data objects can be  
> stored and
>    disseminated through a distributed repository system.
>
> Possibly also keep the last sentence, but this is a bit of can of
> worms because these mechanisms have already been described as
> incomplete (and to avoid this can of worms, some text in section 7.2
> and 7.3 could possibly be removed or reworded):
>
>                                                         This document
>    also describes at a high level how this architecture can be used to
>    add security features to common operations such as IP address space
>    allocation and route filter construction.
>
> -- 
> Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
> Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
> Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

_______________________________________________
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Mar 10 16:23:29 2008
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Consider the case where an ISP has the following prefixes:

A1, A2, B, C, D

A1 and A2 are aggregateable.
B, C and D are not aggregateable.

Consider the case where A2, B, C and D are delegated by a given RIR.  I
would expect to have a ROA for this.  This would have a single
signature.

Similarly, where A1 is delegated from a different ISP, I would expect to
have a ROA for this.  This would have a single signature.

If I wish to generate an aggregate from this, I would expect to have a
third ROA that covers the aggregate.  This ROA would have signatures
from both RIRs.  This is effectively the RIRs agreeing that this
announcement is permitted to be aggregated.

Thus:
ROAs would require the ability to have multiple signatures.  In the case
that there are multiple signatures there is the implication of ownership
of the components.

Consider the example from RPSL - RFC 2622, section 8.1. 

-- Jeff
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Pekka,

I agree that a title with a narrow scope is appropriate, but I 
believe that you suggested revision is too narrow. The RPKI is 
broader in scope than just route origination, as Geoff noted. For 
example, the SBGP and soBGP proposals,  which were debated 
extensively in RPSEC, both address path validation and both rely on 
the sort of PKI that is being covered in this document. I think some 
additional wordsmithing on the title and abstract is needed.

Steve
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On Mar 10, 2008, at 5:22 PM, Stephen Kent wrote:

> Pekka,
>
> I agree that a title with a narrow scope is appropriate, but I
> believe that you suggested revision is too narrow. The RPKI is
> broader in scope than just route origination, as Geoff noted. For
> example, the SBGP and soBGP proposals,  which were debated
> extensively in RPSEC, both address path validation and both rely on
> the sort of PKI that is being covered in this document. I think some
> additional wordsmithing on the title and abstract is needed.

But RPKI provides an infrastructure *to enable those*, OR a static
route filter, or any of a number of other things.  Listing the array
of things that might be done and implying that SIDR itself provides
that capability is misleading.

-danny

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Date: Mon, 10 Mar 2008 20:37:52 -0400
To: Danny McPherson <danny@tcb.net>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Architecture document: narrowing the scope
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At 5:46 PM -0600 3/10/08, Danny McPherson wrote:
>On Mar 10, 2008, at 5:22 PM, Stephen Kent wrote:
>
>>Pekka,
>>
>>I agree that a title with a narrow scope is appropriate, but I
>>believe that you suggested revision is too narrow. The RPKI is
>>broader in scope than just route origination, as Geoff noted. For
>>example, the SBGP and soBGP proposals,  which were debated
>>extensively in RPSEC, both address path validation and both rely on
>>the sort of PKI that is being covered in this document. I think some
>>additional wordsmithing on the title and abstract is needed.
>
>But RPKI provides an infrastructure *to enable those*, OR a static
>route filter, or any of a number of other things.  Listing the array
>of things that might be done and implying that SIDR itself provides
>that capability is misleading.
>
>-danny

Listing the capabilities that the RPKI enables seems reasonable to 
me, so long as we don't claim that the near term work items will 
yield solutions to all of them.  The RPKI is not designed to support 
"any number of things." It is designed to support a set of near and 
longer term BGP routing security solutions.

Steve
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Mar 10 22:25:21 2008
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Architecture document: narrowing the scope
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All,

FWIW, I agree with the sentiments echo'ed by Pekka & Danny and would 
support a narrowing of the Title, etc. to more accurately reflect the 
present architecture being discussed.

-shane


Stephen Kent wrote:
> At 5:46 PM -0600 3/10/08, Danny McPherson wrote:
>> On Mar 10, 2008, at 5:22 PM, Stephen Kent wrote:
>>
>>> Pekka,
>>>
>>> I agree that a title with a narrow scope is appropriate, but I
>>> believe that you suggested revision is too narrow. The RPKI is
>>> broader in scope than just route origination, as Geoff noted. For
>>> example, the SBGP and soBGP proposals,  which were debated
>>> extensively in RPSEC, both address path validation and both rely on
>>> the sort of PKI that is being covered in this document. I think some
>>> additional wordsmithing on the title and abstract is needed.
>> But RPKI provides an infrastructure *to enable those*, OR a static
>> route filter, or any of a number of other things.  Listing the array
>> of things that might be done and implying that SIDR itself provides
>> that capability is misleading.
>>
>> -danny
> 
> Listing the capabilities that the RPKI enables seems reasonable to 
> me, so long as we don't claim that the near term work items will 
> yield solutions to all of them.  The RPKI is not designed to support 
> "any number of things." It is designed to support a set of near and 
> longer term BGP routing security solutions.
> 
> Steve
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Mar 11 06:06:04 2008
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Date: Tue, 11 Mar 2008 15:03:37 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
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Subject: [Sidr] The necessity for and format of (ISP) CPS
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Hi,

I asked on the mike about the success stories we have had with CPS in 
other contexts in order to find out who is actually writing these 
kinds of documents and whether it would be reasonable to expect any of 
this in future RPKI work.

There is probably some need to write at least a minimal statement if 
you sell certificate authority services.  It would be nice to have 
these documents use a similar format (hence the CPS template) but 
AFAICS it's also perfectly fine to use your own format; the IETF is 
not a contract or documentation police :-).

On the other hand, if an ISP does not sell those services (but rather 
is just an end-user and/or provides the service for free for its 
customers), it's not obvious why most ISPs would be interested in 
doing a lot of paperwork on this subject.  Most ISPs already disclaim 
any responsibility for pretty much anything that hasn't been 
explicitly agreed to so not doing any paperwork would be compatible 
with current practise.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Mar 11 06:17:04 2008
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Date: Tue, 11 Mar 2008 09:14:03 -0400
From: Jeffrey Haas <jhaas@pfrc.org>
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Subject: [Sidr] Validating the authority of the originating AS to originate
	a prefix
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Last night during the SIDR session, I made the suggestion that a
matching profile should exist for an AS to say what prefixes it intended
to announce.  While having matching entries from this proposed profile
and the ROA may help prevent some malicious announcements with spoofing
the origin AS, I think we are better served by having stronger prefix
length control in the ROA.

Thus I'd like to withdraw the suggestion for an originating AS profile.
I'd like express support for the ROA format including prefix-length ranges.

Going back to our youtube hijack example, if youtube limited the length
of the originating prefix length this mitigates the effects of hijacking
of more specific prefixes than are present in the ROA.

Viable path validation would likely cover more of these cases.
Youtube's AS was likely not adjacent to PCCW's.  I believe that SIDR
should provide a profile that covers viable paths.

-- Jeff
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Date: Tue, 11 Mar 2008 09:26:32 -0400
To: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] The necessity for and format of (ISP) CPS
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At 3:03 PM +0200 3/11/08, Pekka Savola wrote:
>Hi,
>
>I asked on the mike about the success stories we have had with CPS in
>other contexts in order to find out who is actually writing these
>kinds of documents and whether it would be reasonable to expect any of
>this in future RPKI work.
>
>There is probably some need to write at least a minimal statement if
>you sell certificate authority services.  It would be nice to have
>these documents use a similar format (hence the CPS template) but
>AFAICS it's also perfectly fine to use your own format; the IETF is
>not a contract or documentation police :-).

You're right that you don't have to use the RFC 3647 format, but it 
is also true that the vast majority of folks who have written a CPS 
do follow that format.

>On the other hand, if an ISP does not sell those services (but rather
>is just an end-user and/or provides the service for free for its
>customers), it's not obvious why most ISPs would be interested in
>doing a lot of paperwork on this subject.  Most ISPs already disclaim
>any responsibility for pretty much anything that hasn't been
>explicitly agreed to so not doing any paperwork would be compatible
>with current practise.

Even if an ISP is not selling its CA service per se,it is generally 
agreed that the issuance of certs creates a potential liability. The 
goal of a CPS (and the RPKI CP) in this context is to give the ISP 
(and its attorney) greater confidence that it is not assuming 
liability by acting as a CA in this context.

Steve
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So, one of my concerns with SIDR and it's current scope
is this, which I'd very much like some clue about...

Today RIRs allocate address space and AS numbers but
have NO controls over the routing system.  IRRs are used
for routing policy specification, and ideally, data in IRRs is
used to derive router configuration elements.

If SIDR is deployed in some manner, RIRs (and possibly
IANA) would have the ability to control what gets routed, and
that's a capability that's never existed before, and one that I
would suspect operators take considerable issue with.

For example, if operators subscribe to a SIDR model and an
RIR gets owned and an allocation revoked, or if they happen
to make a mistake that results in the same, or some bill non-
payment issue arises, or can't publish an update and one
expires, or whatever, then the result would be that the
associated routing for the concerned prefixes would break.
That's never been a threat vector before for ISPs.  They
wholly control and authorize what they announce.

What's worse is regarding who holds those keys.  If some
country holding the keys (TA) goes to war with another and
decides they want to revoke all of their allocations, then ISPs
would have zero control over this outside of their own routing
domain.

One might argue this is part of the reason why DNSSEC
raises deployment concerns for some, and has driven folks
like .cn to deploy their own root.

In my mind, a web of trust model for the routing system better
mirrors what we've got today.  Allocation authentication is
necessary, but just that.  IRRs and RPSL or even some back
end route server type functions down the road, else we'll
never get deployment of this.

So, I'm sure suspect I'm missing something here, could folks
please help me better understand both incremental deployment
models and how the above isn't an issue?

Thanks!

-danny
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On Tue, Mar 11, 2008 at 07:57:13AM -0600, Danny McPherson wrote:
> So, I'm sure suspect I'm missing something here, could folks
> please help me better understand both incremental deployment
> models and how the above isn't an issue?

Multiple trust anchors and multiple ROAs.

The current ROA model, presuming I'm not misinterpreting the PKI in the
drafts, only lets you trace your trust path up one chain.  While it'd be
nice to trace the trust path to multiple trust anchors from a single
ROA, I suspect that the way these ROAs are built wouldn't permit this.

See sec 2.4 of the architecture document.

-- Jeff
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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
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On Tue, 11 Mar 2008, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> On Tue, Mar 11, 2008 at 07:57:13AM -0600, Danny McPherson wrote:
>> So, I'm sure suspect I'm missing something here, could folks
>> please help me better understand both incremental deployment
>> models and how the above isn't an issue?
>
> Multiple trust anchors and multiple ROAs.
>
> The current ROA model, presuming I'm not misinterpreting the PKI in the
> drafts, only lets you trace your trust path up one chain.  While it'd be
> nice to trace the trust path to multiple trust anchors from a single
> ROA, I suspect that the way these ROAs are built wouldn't permit this.
>
> See sec 2.4 of the architecture document.

So, instead of using just RIRs as trust anchors, you add every other 
ISP on the planet as a trust anchor as well (or at least tier1 ISPs 
and those tier2's which connect to tier1's that don't support RPKI)?

Or are you proposing a model where other RIRs or some (currently 
non-existing from IP addressing perspecive) third parties would be 
doing additional ROA signing to get this single point of failure?

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings
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Danny,

The response from Pekka is essentially correct.

SIDR decided to issue certs based on the resource allocation 
hierarchy, because that hierarchy is authoritative for resource 
allocation, and it requires no introduction of new trust points re 
attesting to resource allocations (consistent with the RPSEC 
requirements doc).  Each ISP is a relying party in this PKI and, as 
in every PKI, each RP is empowered to select it own set of trust 
anchors. Thus ISPs can choose to recognize one another as TAs, in 
lieu of the default TAs. You can approximate a web of trust model in 
this fashion, though it is not an exact mapping since X.509 certs do 
not accommodate multiple signatures. The technical term for the PKI 
structure you can achieve is a "mesh."

The proposal for dealing with stale data (as reflected in the 
manifest I-D) is to continue to use what you have. Thus the concerns 
you cite about what happens if anyone (IR or ISP) fails to publish 
data are not all valid ones. It is fair to note that new or changed 
data that is not published, or that is not fetched in a timely 
fashion, could cause ISPs to reject routes based on such changes. 
Unfortunately, without making change to BGP to carry such data, or 
providing some parallel distribution mechanism that is similarly 
timely, ...

Steve
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On Mar 11, 2008, at 9:07 AM, Stephen Kent wrote:
>
> The proposal for dealing with stale data (as reflected in the  
> manifest I-D) is to continue to use what you have. Thus the concerns  
> you cite about what happens if anyone (IR or ISP) fails to publish  
> data are not all valid ones. It is fair to note that new or changed  
> data that is not published, or that is not fetched in a timely  
> fashion, could cause ISPs to reject routes based on such changes.  
> Unfortunately, without making change to BGP to carry such data, or  
> providing some parallel distribution mechanism that is similarly  
> timely, ...

So to be clear, I didn't intend to propose a web of trust model,  
although
after rereading my text from earlier, my point wasn't clear.  I  was  
simply
pointing out that with a model such as what's currently proposed RIRs
would have a VERY operational role and some authority about what gets
routed and what does not.  This is a fundamental change from how things
work today, where things more approximate a web of trust model - if
any.

-danny

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On Tue, 11 Mar 2008, Danny McPherson wrote:

>
> On Mar 11, 2008, at 9:07 AM, Stephen Kent wrote:
>>
>> The proposal for dealing with stale data (as reflected in the
>> manifest I-D) is to continue to use what you have. Thus the concerns
>> you cite about what happens if anyone (IR or ISP) fails to publish
>> data are not all valid ones. It is fair to note that new or changed
>> data that is not published, or that is not fetched in a timely
>> fashion, could cause ISPs to reject routes based on such changes.
>> Unfortunately, without making change to BGP to carry such data, or
>> providing some parallel distribution mechanism that is similarly
>> timely, ...
>
> So to be clear, I didn't intend to propose a web of trust model,
> although
> after rereading my text from earlier, my point wasn't clear.  I  was
> simply
> pointing out that with a model such as what's currently proposed RIRs
> would have a VERY operational role and some authority about what gets
> routed and what does not.  This is a fundamental change from how things
> work today, where things more approximate a web of trust model - if
> any.

I understand that the effect of RIRs on routing will be more apparent, but 
I don't understand saying they have no impact today.

For RIRs whose database is a comingled resource and routing database 
(e.g., RIPE), a billing dispute can effect the RIPE IRR which many people 
use in routing operations.  And the whois is also frequently consulted in 
making routing decisions.

And in any RIR, problems at the RIR level could lead to retraction of your 
prefix allocation and assignment to someone else.  (Recall the social 
engineering prefix hijacking of a few years back.)  That sounds to me like 
a pretty severe impact on what gets routed.

So this might look new, but I don't see that the risk is larger.

Of course, there's always the "the relying parties choose what importance 
to place on the RPKI" caveat.

--Sandy

>
> -danny
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
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>
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On Tue, Mar 11, 2008 at 02:00:27PM -0400, Sandra Murphy wrote:
> Of course, there's always the "the relying parties choose what importance 
> to place on the RPKI" caveat.

Not to mention it's influence on one's "security metric".

(Fake config to drive point.)

route-map set-security-pref 10
  match ta-map bad-rir
  set security-pref 1000
  exit
route-map set-security-pref 20
  # Default
  set security-pref 10
  exit

This stuff will undoubtedly influence route selection.  Just like
everything else that affects route selection, there will be knobs.  This
doesn't worry me.

-- Jeff
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On Mar 11, 2008, at 12:19 PM, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
>
> Not to mention it's influence on one's "security metric".
>
> (Fake config to drive point.)
>
> route-map set-security-pref 10
>  match ta-map bad-rir
>  set security-pref 1000
>  exit
> route-map set-security-pref 20
>  # Default
>  set security-pref 10
>  exit
>
> This stuff will undoubtedly influence route selection.  Just like
> everything else that affects route selection, there will be knobs.   
> This
> doesn't worry me.

I would note that today policies are only applied when a route is
processed upon receipt, not when the policy alone is modified.
Therefore, modification of such a policy would require the associated
route announcement to be re-advertised (either via BGP route refresh
or more memory consuming soft reconfiguration functions, or by reseting
a session or actually bouncing the route itself).  I.e., changes in  
status
from good to bad based on policy would require re-announcement of
the prefix in question if not performed by a security extension to BGP
itself.

-danny 
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On Mar 11, 2008, at 12:00 PM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

>
> I understand that the effect of RIRs on routing will be more  
> apparent, but I don't understand saying they have no impact today.

They don't actually 'route' anything.

> For RIRs whose database is a comingled resource and routing database  
> (e.g., RIPE),

That's different, that's IRRs, not RIRs.

> a billing dispute can effect the RIPE IRR which many people use in  
> routing operations.  And the whois is also frequently consulted in  
> making routing decisions.

What?  Can you explain what you mean hear?  Do you mean someone
looks at whois before annoucning a route?  That's WAY different than an
RIR revoking an allocation and explicitly triggering a withdraw from the
routing system.

> And in any RIR, problems at the RIR level could lead to retraction  
> of your prefix allocation and assignment to someone else.  (Recall  
> the social engineering prefix hijacking of a few years back.)  That  
> sounds to me like a pretty severe impact on what gets routed.

Yeah, now imagine when operators have no control over this, the attack
surface just gained a new dimension.  But I would state that today that
system flow is not automated.

> So this might look new, but I don't see that the risk is larger.

Build a threat matrix and add an RIR that now has revocation  
capabilities
that explicitly impact global reachability of a given prefix.  That  
does NOT
exist today.

> Of course, there's always the "the relying parties choose what  
> importance to place on the RPKI" caveat.

Yes, but what's changed is that peers are now relying on it as well,
and therefore may not accept my routes.  That's never been in the
mix before.

-danny
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Sandy,

Sandra Murphy wrote:
> 
> On Tue, 11 Mar 2008, Danny McPherson wrote:
> 
>> On Mar 11, 2008, at 9:07 AM, Stephen Kent wrote:
>>> The proposal for dealing with stale data (as reflected in the
>>> manifest I-D) is to continue to use what you have. Thus the concerns
>>> you cite about what happens if anyone (IR or ISP) fails to publish
>>> data are not all valid ones. It is fair to note that new or changed
>>> data that is not published, or that is not fetched in a timely
>>> fashion, could cause ISPs to reject routes based on such changes.
>>> Unfortunately, without making change to BGP to carry such data, or
>>> providing some parallel distribution mechanism that is similarly
>>> timely, ...
>> So to be clear, I didn't intend to propose a web of trust model,
>> although
>> after rereading my text from earlier, my point wasn't clear.  I  was
>> simply
>> pointing out that with a model such as what's currently proposed RIRs
>> would have a VERY operational role and some authority about what gets
>> routed and what does not.  This is a fundamental change from how things
>> work today, where things more approximate a web of trust model - if
>> any.
> 
> I understand that the effect of RIRs on routing will be more apparent, but 
> I don't understand saying they have no impact today.
> 
> For RIRs whose database is a comingled resource and routing database 
> (e.g., RIPE), a billing dispute can effect the RIPE IRR which many people 
> use in routing operations.  And the whois is also frequently consulted in 
> making routing decisions.

I think you may be confusing "registration services", (e.g.: acquiring & 
registering PI space and/or ASN's), vs. IRR -- Internet Routing 
Registries.  The IRR's directly affect routing policy on ISP networks, 
because SP's build prefix, etc. filters off them.  And, nearly all IRR's 
are *free* to the public, specifically: ARIN, RIPE (according to info 
publicly available on their Web sites) ... even Level 3.  Thus, 
non-payment for "registration services" (not IRR services) is going to 
have little to no impact on routing policy on provider's networks.

If my understanding is correct, the model being discussed here is 
dramatically different than the way that IRR's are operated & used today.

-shane



> And in any RIR, problems at the RIR level could lead to retraction of your 
> prefix allocation and assignment to someone else.  (Recall the social 
> engineering prefix hijacking of a few years back.)  That sounds to me like 
> a pretty severe impact on what gets routed.
> 
> So this might look new, but I don't see that the risk is larger.
> 
> Of course, there's always the "the relying parties choose what importance 
> to place on the RPKI" caveat.
> 
> --Sandy
> 
>> -danny
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sidr mailing list
>> Sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

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Subject: Re: [Sidr] SIDR Confusion
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At 11:29 AM -0600 3/11/08, Danny McPherson wrote:
>On Mar 11, 2008, at 9:07 AM, Stephen Kent wrote:
>>
>>The proposal for dealing with stale data (as reflected in the 
>>manifest I-D) is to continue to use what you have. Thus the 
>>concerns you cite about what happens if anyone (IR or ISP) fails to 
>>publish data are not all valid ones. It is fair to note that new or 
>>changed data that is not published, or that is not fetched in a 
>>timely fashion, could cause ISPs to reject routes based on such 
>>changes. Unfortunately, without making change to BGP to carry such 
>>data, or providing some parallel distribution mechanism that is 
>>similarly timely, ...
>
>So to be clear, I didn't intend to propose a web of trust model, although
>after rereading my text from earlier, my point wasn't clear.  I  was simply
>pointing out that with a model such as what's currently proposed RIRs
>would have a VERY operational role and some authority about what gets
>routed and what does not.  This is a fundamental change from how things
>work today, where things more approximate a web of trust model - if
>any.
>
>-danny

Danny,

OK, thanks for the clarification.

if nobody checks announcements against any reference(s), then the 
system can be very responsive, but also vulnerable. I am told that 
some set of ISPs download IRR data from multiple sources, on a daily 
basis, and use that data in constructing router filters. For those 
ISPs, route object info changes that are missed in a periodic 
download can result in the sort of problems you cite. For the ISPs 
who adopt this model, this appears to be an acceptable, if imperfect, 
tradeoff. Nobody can mandate that all ISPs make use of ROA, BOA, and 
other data that will become available from the SIDR work. If enough 
folks find it useful, them presumably it will be used, otherwise not. 
Also, the static distribution of info via a repository system is not 
the ultimate goal of the SIDR work, just the starting point.

Steve
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On Tue, 11 Mar 2008, Shane Amante wrote:

> Sandy,
>
> Sandra Murphy wrote:
>> 
>> On Tue, 11 Mar 2008, Danny McPherson wrote:
>> 
>>> On Mar 11, 2008, at 9:07 AM, Stephen Kent wrote:
>>>> The proposal for dealing with stale data (as reflected in the
>>>> manifest I-D) is to continue to use what you have. Thus the concerns
>>>> you cite about what happens if anyone (IR or ISP) fails to publish
>>>> data are not all valid ones. It is fair to note that new or changed
>>>> data that is not published, or that is not fetched in a timely
>>>> fashion, could cause ISPs to reject routes based on such changes.
>>>> Unfortunately, without making change to BGP to carry such data, or
>>>> providing some parallel distribution mechanism that is similarly
>>>> timely, ...
>>> So to be clear, I didn't intend to propose a web of trust model,
>>> although
>>> after rereading my text from earlier, my point wasn't clear.  I  was
>>> simply
>>> pointing out that with a model such as what's currently proposed RIRs
>>> would have a VERY operational role and some authority about what gets
>>> routed and what does not.  This is a fundamental change from how things
>>> work today, where things more approximate a web of trust model - if
>>> any.
>> 
>> I understand that the effect of RIRs on routing will be more apparent, but 
>> I don't understand saying they have no impact today.
>> 
>> For RIRs whose database is a comingled resource and routing database (e.g., 
>> RIPE), a billing dispute can effect the RIPE IRR which many people use in 
>> routing operations.  And the whois is also frequently consulted in making 
>> routing decisions.
>
> I think you may be confusing "registration services", (e.g.: acquiring & 
> registering PI space and/or ASN's), vs. IRR -- Internet Routing Registries. 
> The IRR's directly affect routing policy on ISP networks, because SP's build 
> prefix, etc. filters off them.  And, nearly all IRR's are *free* to the 
> public, specifically: ARIN, RIPE (according to info publicly available on 
> their Web sites) ... even Level 3.  Thus, non-payment for "registration 
> services" (not IRR services) is going to have little to no impact on routing 
> policy on provider's networks.
>

I understand the difference.

However, ARIN looks to see if the registrant of a inetnum in their IRR is 
the same person as the POC for the allocated resource, as the 
authorization to register the inetnum.  So I have extrapolated from there 
to the belief that if they yank your resource they would yank the 
associated inetnum.  (If they didn't, it would be a bad thing that should 
be fixed.)

And RIPE has a co-mingled registry/routing policy database.  Their 
representation of a registry allocation of space is the inetnum (as I 
understand their database).  So yanking an address means the inetnum 
disappears in RIPE as well.  (Again, if they didn't, it would be a bad 
thing that you would want them to fix, yes?)

And that has got to effect routing policies somewhere.

Of course, there are the individual ISP's IRRs and the RADB etc.  Which 
have no authentication/authorization model at all much less one based on 
the registry allocation of resources.  And yet people use them, go figure.

--Sandy



> If my understanding is correct, the model being discussed here is 
> dramatically different than the way that IRR's are operated & used today.
>
> -shane
>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] The necessity for and format of (ISP) CPS
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At 12:13 AM -0700 3/12/08, Christopher LILJENSTOLPE wrote:
>-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>Hash: SHA1
>
>Greetings,
>
>	That may be the case, however, that is sort-of like saying 
>that the IETF is protecting yourself from yourself.

no, its not. The IETF (via PKIX) published the overall format for a 
CP or a CPS years ago, later updated it, and this format is widely 
adopted. What I said was that an organization operating a PKI can 
reduce its potential liability by publishing a CPS consistent with 
this format.

>	I would assume that anyone spinning up a PKI infrastructure 
>would have some internal legal review.  Their lawyers will, I'm 
>sure, have something to say about that.

yes, and a lawyer who is knowledgeable about PKI issues will 
generally recommend  publishing a CPS based on RFC 3647.


>	Maybe publish a BCP that states that a CPS or it's equivalent 
>MAY be recommended, but if someone want's to fly by dead-reckoning, 
>more power to them...
>

It's not clear that the IETF should offer this sort of legal advice.

Steve
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Subject: [Sidr] rsync discussion history
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Here's my promised message about the rsync discussions in and outside the 
working group.

The sidr mailing list shows exchanges about rsync around Oct 30-31, 2006 
with Joe Abley expressing concerns about interop of different 
implementations, and 28-31 Mar 07 starting with William Leibzon expressing 
concerns about IESG/IETF process.  Those message also include messages 
describing the features that are needed and how rsync satisfies those.

That's about it.

But the discussion during meetings and in private exchnages has 
snowballed:


(1) rsync is not a URI

OK, we'll get it registered based on the RFC

(2) rsync is not an rfc and the author is not interested in making it one

OK, we'll do a third party registration based on the spec

(3) there is no stable spec for rsync (aka "the code is the spec")

OK, we'll register the URI based on ... the code? (if we can)

(4) there are (a few) wg concerns about non-interoperability of 
independent implementations, due to lack of spec

OK, we'll presume that everyone uses the open-source implementation.

(5) rsync has gone through some non-backward-compatible version changes in 
the past.

OK, we'll hope the rsync project doesn't do that again, else new versions 
of rsync with non-backward compatible features would require a flag day.

You may recall a mention in Monday's meeting of license difficulties for 
commercial implementations.

At this point in the history, I discovered that the rsync open source 
project used a license that forbid charging for any code that included 
their code.  That would have made commercial implementations problematic.

However, I just discovered that with the announcement of rsync 3.0 on 
March 1, 2008 they have moved from GPL version 2 to GPL version 3:
http://www.samba.org/rsync/GPL.html

From a first glance through, I can not find similar text that would 
prohibit charging for code that includes their code.  People who are used 
to reading these GPL licences should take a look to see if you see limits 
on commercial use of the rsync code.

So the difficulty about commercial implementations could be OBE.

--Sandy
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* Sandra Murphy:

> (3) there is no stable spec for rsync (aka "the code is the spec")
>
> OK, we'll register the URI based on ... the code? (if we can)

I wonder if rsync is the right protocol anyway.  To me, this looks more
like an application of zsync or WebDAV (with VCDIFF, RFC 3284, for
transmitting delta updates).  zsync is similar to rsync, but doesn't
need special server support.  It should also be easier to standardize.

It's not clear to me if you need rsync's capability for transmitting
collections of files.  In that case, neither approach willl help you,
but you should be aware that the current rsync implementation binds
significant resources on the server side, particularly for large
directory trees.  To a lesser extent, this also applies to the
single-file mode.

> At this point in the history, I discovered that the rsync open source 
> project used a license that forbid charging for any code that included 
> their code.  That would have made commercial implementations problematic.
>
> However, I just discovered that with the announcement of rsync 3.0 on 
> March 1, 2008 they have moved from GPL version 2 to GPL version 3:
> http://www.samba.org/rsync/GPL.html

The charging scheme (you may create derivative works if you give
downstream users the same permissions as we gave to you) hasn't changed,
so this will not make a difference.
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] The necessity for and format of (ISP) CPS
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At 1:36 PM -0700 3/13/08, Christopher LILJENSTOLPE wrote:
>-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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>
>Stephen,
>
>	What I was saying is that, if this IS for the protection of 
>the the individual entity hosting the PKI, then to issue a CPS is 
>their call, not ours to specify as a standards action.
>
>	Either people will grok the risk and make a judgement, or not 
>grok the risk and still make a judgement.  Therefore, suggesting 
>that someone embarking on SIDR may want to consider a CPS with their 
>powers-that-be is probably a good-thing(TM) - which is what BCPs are 
>for.  
>However, saying that it is part of doing SIDR, is probably not germane.
>
>	Now if we are not saying that CPS is required for SIDR, then 
>I humbly withdraw my comments and blame it on a mis-parsing on my 
>part.
>
>	Chris

Chris,

I do not believe that anyone is suggesting that to be a CA in the 
RPKI you MUST issue a CPS. I believe that each RIR will issue its own 
CPS, and the handful of NIRs that exists probably will as well. As 
for ISPs, bigger ones probably will, but smaller ones may not. In 
general an entity operating a CA (other that for purely internal use) 
should publish a CPS, and RFC 3647 provides a generally accepted 
outline for writing a CP or a CPS.

If an ISP acting as a CA in the RPKI decides to issue a CPS, we can 
make life easier for them by having a published template as a 
(non-normative) starting point. Our experience in doing this in the 
RIR space certainly suggests that is the case, i.e, the work I did 
for APNIC to help complete their CPS benefited greatly from having 
the RIR CPS template as a starting point.

Steve
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From: Jeffrey Haas <jhaas@pfrc.org>
To: Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
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Florian,

On Thu, Mar 13, 2008 at 07:59:02PM +0100, Florian Weimer wrote:
> It's not clear to me if you need rsync's capability for transmitting
> collections of files.

This is the major advantage of using rsync.  When you must sync a large
number of files, it is *very* efficient.

For our purposes, we just care that we can gather all of the necessary
files.  This can be as simple as downloading the latest manifest and
then fetching all changed files within the manifest.  This was one of
the reasons I had suggested a "last updated" value for the items in the
manifest at the microphone at the SIDR meeting.

-- Jeff
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Mar 14 13:15:58 2008
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I'm not going to go back through the process of discussing the merits  
and downfalls of RSYNC or any other competing protocol or service that  
might be used as the fetch mechanism. Looking at the draft:

section 3.9.7
"Other access method URIs that reference the same location MAY also be  
included in the value sequence of this extension. The ordering of URIs  
in this sequence reflect the subject's relative preferences for access  
methods, with the first method in the sequence being the most  
preferred."

The last sentence is important, I'll not regurgitate the various  
discussions I had with the authors to get that in play, instead simply  
to point out:
1) You need an initial and effective service to code to, and to allow  
a base common denominator for development and deployment.
2) Where and how you collect the information is by far a secondary  
concern to the realisation that the information simply needs to exist  
and at least accessible by 1)
So to clarify, you can indeed assert another URI to put in play, and  
preference it over RSYNC, but still have RSYNC as the lowest common  
denominator for base level interoperability.
Terry

On 14/03/2008, at 11:38 PM, Jeffrey Haas wrote:

> Florian,
>
> On Thu, Mar 13, 2008 at 07:59:02PM +0100, Florian Weimer wrote:
>> It's not clear to me if you need rsync's capability for transmitting
>> collections of files.
>
> This is the major advantage of using rsync.  When you must sync a  
> large
> number of files, it is *very* efficient.
>
> For our purposes, we just care that we can gather all of the necessary
> files.  This can be as simple as downloading the latest manifest and
> then fetching all changed files within the manifest.  This was one of
> the reasons I had suggested a "last updated" value for the items in  
> the
> manifest at the microphone at the SIDR meeting.
>
> -- Jeff
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

--
Terry Manderson                         email:      terry@apnic.net
Network Operations Manager, APNIC       sip:    info@voip.apnic.net
http://www.apnic.net                    phone:      +61 7 3858 3100


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Thought folks here might find this interesting.

-danny

Begin forwarded message:

> From: Danny McPherson <danny@tcb.net>
> Date: March 15, 2008 2:06:53 PM MDT
> To: Felix Bako <fbako@africaonline.co.ke>
> Cc: NANOG NANOG <nanog@merit.edu>
> Subject: Re: Kenyan Route Hijack
>
>
> A bit more analysis of this at the moment, and a few recommendations
> and related pointers is available here:
>
> http://tinyurl.com/2nqg2a
>
> -danny

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From: "Tony Li" <tony.li@tony.li>
To: "'Robert Kisteleki'" <robert@ripe.net>,
	"'Michele \(Mike\) Hjorleifsson'" <mikeh@aepnetworks.com>
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One benefit would be a secure, automatic exchanges without cleartext
authentication.
 
Tony


|I wonder what the benefit would be? (I can't parse "somewhat 
|protected")
|
|We need no encryption on the channel, as all the published 
|information is 
|public. The objects themselves (manifests, certs, CRLs, ROAs, ...) are 
|signed so you can catch tampering. Finally, the existence of manifest 
|provides source authentication. So there does not seem to be 
|any advantages 
|for this.
|
|OTOH, you *would* have to incorporate a completely separate 
|PKI in order to 
|authenticate hosts (potentially thousands of them).

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Cc: "<sidr@ietf.org>" <sidr@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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You could also limit which hosts can rsync

Michele (Mike) Hjorleifsson


On Mar 17, 2008, at 13:38, "Tony Li" <tony.li@tony.li> wrote:

>
> One benefit would be a secure, automatic exchanges without cleartext
> authentication.
>
> Tony
>
>
> |I wonder what the benefit would be? (I can't parse "somewhat
> |protected")
> |
> |We need no encryption on the channel, as all the published
> |information is
> |public. The objects themselves (manifests, certs, CRLs, ROAs, ...)  
> are
> |signed so you can catch tampering. Finally, the existence of manifest
> |provides source authentication. So there does not seem to be
> |any advantages
> |for this.
> |
> |OTOH, you *would* have to incorporate a completely separate
> |PKI in order to
> |authenticate hosts (potentially thousands of them).
>
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Date: Mon, 17 Mar 2008 15:41:46 -0400
To: Christopher LILJENSTOLPE <ietf@cdl.asgaard.org>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] The necessity for and format of (ISP) CPS
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At 8:20 AM -0700 3/17/08, Christopher LILJENSTOLPE wrote:
>-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>Hash: SHA1
>
>Ok - I withdraw my comments....
>
>	chris

no problem. I suspect this was not adequately clear, or others would 
have jumped into the discussion.  We'll make sure it is clear in the 
next round of revisions to the CPS.

Steve
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Tony Li wrote:
> One benefit would be a secure, automatic exchanges without cleartext
> authentication.

There is no authentication for the repositories. They are publicly, 
anonymously available.

Every party who wants to check one of your assertions (ROA, etc) needs 
to be able to retrieve the appropriate certificates, CRLs, etc.

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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Date: Tue, 18 Mar 2008 09:57:54 +1000
From: Robert Loomans <robertl@apnic.net>
Organization: APNIC - http://www.apnic.net/
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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Michele (Mike) Hjorleifsson wrote:
> You could also limit which hosts can rsync

That would be defeating the intent. The objects in the repositories are 
intended for public consumption. There is no way to predict who will 
want access and from which hosts they will run their tools.

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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To: Robert Loomans <robertl@apnic.net>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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Ok let me be a lil more clear, i wasnt referring to public access to  
the repo's i was talking about access to update the underlying  
information
is the intent to allow the public to edit the data in these  
repositories, my concern would be that if unprotected (or writable)  
the repository could
become compromised and the unsuspecting download a copy of corrupt data.

On Mar 17, 2008, at 7:55 PM, Robert Loomans wrote:

> Tony Li wrote:
>> One benefit would be a secure, automatic exchanges without cleartext
>> authentication.
>
> There is no authentication for the repositories. They are publicly,  
> anonymously available.
>
> Every party who wants to check one of your assertions (ROA, etc)  
> needs to be able to retrieve the appropriate certificates, CRLs, etc.
>
> Rob
>
> -- 
> Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
> Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858  
> 3100
> http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858  
> 3199

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Michele (Mike) Hjorleifsson wrote:
> Ok let me be a lil more clear, i wasnt referring to public access to the 
> repo's i was talking about access to update the underlying information
> is the intent to allow the public to edit the data in these 
> repositories, my concern would be that if unprotected (or writable) the 
> repository could
> become compromised and the unsuspecting download a copy of corrupt data.

Ah... Updates to the repositories are an internal implementation 
decision between the CA, and the repository. None of the current drafts 
describe updating repositories. They only describe fetching from them.

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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Subject: Re: [Sidr] rsync discussion history
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> You may recall a mention in Monday's meeting of license difficulties
> for commercial implementations.
>=20
> At this point in the history, I discovered that the rsync open source
>  project used a license that forbid charging for any code that
> included their code.  That would have made commercial implementations
> problematic.

[Disclaimer: INAL, etc.]

Not quite. "Included" is the loaded word here.

I haven't examined the GPL v3 in depth, but I have looked very carefully
at v2.

The GPL v2 tries to make the distinction between derived works (ie,
modified versions of the licensed program) and "mere aggregation" for
the purposes of distribution. Note: the GPL does not try to dictate what
you do in the privacy of your own home/office.

Typically this distinction is represented by looking at whether a
program links to the GPL licensed code or not. If it does link to it,
the linked code must be GPL for it to be distributed.

In this case, if the rsync program is executed by proprietary software
as a command line tool, and qualifies as "mere aggregation" then the
only addition requirement on that software would be that it package the
source to rsync along with the binary.

> However, I just discovered that with the announcement of rsync 3.0 on
>  March 1, 2008 they have moved from GPL version 2 to GPL version 3:=20
> http://www.samba.org/rsync/GPL.html
>=20
> From a first glance through, I can not find similar text that would=20
> prohibit charging for code that includes their code.  People who are
> used to reading these GPL licences should take a look to see if you
> see limits on commercial use of the rsync code.
>=20
> So the difficulty about commercial implementations could be OBE.

GPL v3 appears to make a similar distinction=20
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html section 5:

 > A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
 > works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,
 > and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
 > in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
 > =E2=80=9Caggregate=E2=80=9D if the compilation and its resulting copyr=
ight are not
 > used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
 > beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
 > in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
 > parts of the aggregate.

Rob
--=20
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199


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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Mar 17 19:55:00 2008
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Multiple Signatures on a ROA: Proposal
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On Jan 17, 2008, at 7:53 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:

> At IETF 70, Geoff and I agreed to put together a concrete proposal  
> for how multiple signatures on a ROA would work.

Matt et al.,
Upon thinking about this more, I'm now wondering why
this would be needed beyond one example.  That example
is where multiple CAs 'own' the prefixes that are being
aggregated and therefore a single CA certificate for the
aggregate cannot be obtained.

Does anyone have other examples of where this would
arise?

I still stand by by statement that SIDR should NOT
impose any constraints that do not exist in the routing
system, but I'm wondering how likely the probability of
the above is, or if there are other cases where this
may occur.

-danny


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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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Robert Loomans wrote:
> Michele (Mike) Hjorleifsson wrote:
>> Ok let me be a lil more clear, i wasnt referring to public access to 
>> the repo's i was talking about access to update the underlying 
>> information
>> is the intent to allow the public to edit the data in these 
>> repositories, my concern would be that if unprotected (or writable) 
>> the repository could
>> become compromised and the unsuspecting download a copy of corrupt data.
> 
> Ah... Updates to the repositories are an internal implementation 
> decision between the CA, and the repository. None of the current drafts 
> describe updating repositories. They only describe fetching from them.

Actually draft-huston-sidr-repos-structure attempted to do precisely that

Section 2 of that document may be a but implicit, but it defines as instance of a publication repository as containing all the signed products of a CA or the signed products of an EE. What is implicit is that neither a CA nor an EE would allow third parties to write to their publication repository. Also note that as these are all signed, foreign objects are detectable by relying parties.


    Geoff


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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Mar 17 20:08:23 2008
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Subject: [Sidr] On Time and Frequency of ROA Publication
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In reading draft-ietf-sidr-cp-03, and S 2.3 specifically, I have
a couple questions:
"A new ROA will be published before a predecessor ROA has expired, or  
within 24 hours after an address space holder has changed the set of  
ASes that is authorized to advertise the address blocks it holds."
What do folks believe would be normal behavior in a system if
the CA and a new ROA were not available for some extended
period of time?  For example, some natural disaster occurred?
I know an individual RP could "opt out", but that's not realistic for
Internet-wide deployment.

Second, if a new ROA is required and that information is employed
directly by the routing system and validated by a protocol such as
SBGP, would this model require that each routing entry for which
a ROA exists be readvertised every ~24 hours?  I understand how
an offline system could suppress certificate updates, but not if this
information is directly employed by the routing system itself.

Thanks!

-danny
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Mar 17 20:09:36 2008
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Multiple Signatures on a ROA: Proposal
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Danny McPherson wrote:
> On Jan 17, 2008, at 7:53 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:
> 
>> At IETF 70, Geoff and I agreed to put together a concrete proposal  
>> for how multiple signatures on a ROA would work.
> 
> Matt et al.,
> Upon thinking about this more, I'm now wondering why
> this would be needed beyond one example.  That example
> is where multiple CAs 'own' the prefixes that are being
> aggregated and therefore a single CA certificate for the
> aggregate cannot be obtained.
> 
> Does anyone have other examples of where this would
> arise?

Here's a hypothetical example: An academic and research network with academic instituations as members is the exclusive upstream provider for these institutions.  The member institutions are all holders of legacy space, and the a & r network would like to do the right thing bgp-routing aggregation-wise and announce the maximallu spanning aggregation across all these elements. But even when there are adjacent address blocks the signatories are distinct entities, and the A & R network would need to get the ROA for the aggregate signed by both (or as many as could be aggregated into a single advertisement) in order to generate a ROA for the aggregate.
 
> I still stand by by statement that SIDR should NOT
> impose any constraints that do not exist in the routing
> system, but I'm wondering how likely the probability of
> the above is, or if there are other cases where this
> may occur.

Someone would need to troll through the BGP table dumps to find out how often this occurs in practice.

  Geoff


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>> Ah... Updates to the repositories are an internal implementation 
>> decision between the CA, and the repository. None of the current 
>> drafts describe updating repositories. They only describe fetching 
>> from them.
> 
> Actually draft-huston-sidr-repos-structure attempted to do precisely that
> 
> Section 2 of that document may be a but implicit, but it defines as 
> instance of a publication repository as containing all the signed 
> products of a CA or the signed products of an EE. What is implicit is 
> that neither a CA nor an EE would allow third parties to write to their 
> publication repository. Also note that as these are all signed, foreign 
> objects are detectable by relying parties.

Ok, what I said was poorly worded. I'll rephrase: None of the current 
drafts specify the mechanisms or protocols used to modify the contents 
of the repositories.

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Mar 17 20:52:22 2008
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Date: Tue, 18 Mar 2008 13:50:02 +1000
From: Robert Loomans <robertl@apnic.net>
Organization: APNIC - http://www.apnic.net/
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] rsync discussion history
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Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> Florian,
> 
> On Thu, Mar 13, 2008 at 07:59:02PM +0100, Florian Weimer wrote:
>> It's not clear to me if you need rsync's capability for transmitting
>> collections of files.

It is needed.

For the major use case, relying parties will need to get all published 
products of each CA, by walking the certificate hierarchy from the top down.

In each case, the SIA extension of each certificate will point to a 
repository directory where the certificate's products are published. The 
relying party needs to retrieve all of those, and repeat...

> This is the major advantage of using rsync.  When you must sync a large
> number of files, it is *very* efficient.

What's more it's very efficient over high latency links, and it recovers 
gracefully if you have to restart because of connection failures, etc.

> For our purposes, we just care that we can gather all of the necessary
> files.  This can be as simple as downloading the latest manifest and
> then fetching all changed files within the manifest.  This was one of
> the reasons I had suggested a "last updated" value for the items in the
> manifest at the microphone at the SIDR meeting.

That's certainly possible.... assuming the manifest is there. Currently 
the manifests are optional.

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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Subject: [Sidr] Minutes of the SIDR WG meeting @ ietf 71
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Thanks to Russ Mundy for these minutes.

   Geoff & Sandy



SIDR - IETF 71
Securing Inter-Domain Routing (SIDR) WG Meeting

10 Mar 2008, 1740 - 1950

CHAIRS:
  Geoff Huston &; Sandy Murphy

NOTE TAKER:
  Russ Mundy

AGENDA:

  1. Administrivia
      Mailing list: http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/sidr/index.html
      Blue Sheets
      Agenda Bashing


  2. SIDR and Origin Validation - Geoff Huston

  3. Certificate Policy and CPS drafts -  Steve Kent
        Certificate Policy
          http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-cp-03.txt
        CPS for ISPs
          http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-cps-isp-02.txt
        CPS for Registries
          http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-cps-irs-03.txt

  4. RPKI Architecture Update - Matt Lepinski
        http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-arch-03.txt

  5. Route Originations - Matt Lepinski
        http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format-02.txt

  6. Repository Structure  - George Michaelson
        http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-huston-sidr-repos-struct-01.txt

  7. ROA Validation  -  George Michaelson
        http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-huston-sidr-roa-validation-00.txt

  8. Bogon Origin Attestations - Geoff Huston
        http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-huston-sidr-bogons-00.txt



SUMMARY:

  The WG agenda items covered the overall approach being used by the
  WG to address the issues of origin validation and then examined a
  number of specific aspects of routing origination attestations in
  relation to a Resource PKI.

  Following a report to the WG from RPSEC on requirements for BGP
  routing security, it was noted that no clear guidance on the topic
  of AS Path validation was forthcoming. SIDR should undertake a
  solution for AS Path validation. The AD suggested that the charter
  revision should be done by IETF72.

  One general comment at the end of the meeting was that it would be
  useful to have a roadmap for the relationship and anticipated timing
  of completion of the various work items discussed during the
  meeting.  The co-chairs acknowledged that this might be useful, but
  should be discussed further on the WG mailing list.

  

NOTES:

  SIDR and Origin Validation

    Geoff Huston presented a status report on the SIDR Working Group
    activities relating to origination validation in inter-domain
    routing.

    The presentation provided a summary of the reason for creation of
    SIDR and set of requirements for the working group.  The main
    focus of the working group is the specification of a PKI that
    supports validation of origination information contained in the
    routing system, and the manner in which validation tools could be
    incorporated into the routing architecture.
  
    Questions / Comments:

    There was no controversy related to the presentation but the AD
    asked where the information was described.  Geoff acknowledged
    that he needed to write an RFC to document much of what he
    presented in his summary.

    During the presentation, there was also a discussion about the
    SIDR requirements and work being "locked to RPSEC".  The general
    sense of the room was that this should be changed in the SIDR
    charter - no one in the room objected to this change.  Part of
    this discussion of SIDR working group scope was taking on solving
    the problem of path validation.  The sense of the room was that
    SIDR should undertake a solution for path validation.  The AD
    suggested that the charter revision should be done by IETF 72.

    ACTIONS:

    - Chairs to propose a revised charter for the SIDR WG to address
      the topic of measures to support validation of the AS Path.

    - Draft to be proposed to the WG on the overall approach to
      Origination validation. Geoff Huston will work on this draft.

  Certificate Policy and CPS drafts

    Steve Kent presented on three CP and CPS drafts. The most
    significant changes since the previous WG meeting has been with
    the CPS template for RIRs.  The majority of this work focused on
    enhancing the template so that less work will be needed on the
    part of RIRs using the templates.  Steve has worked with APNIC in
    completing their CPS, which they were able to do in two days.  One
    important aspect pointed during the presentation was that a
    business PKI that is separate from the resource PKI will be
    required.

    Questions / Comments:

    During the discussion from the floor, there was a suggestion that
    a complete template be created that could be used by ISPs. This
    was accepted as a good suggestion.

    Another comment was that it would be useful to have a template that
    says the ISP has no liability of any sort.

  RPKI Architecture Update
  
     Matt Lepinski presented on the RPKI architecture. The opening
     request is for everyone to read and comment on the draft.  Matt
     considers the current text is to be inadequate in certain areas,
     and requests inputs with specific, new text.

    Questions / Comments:

    There was some discussion about changing the scope of this
    document so that it would align with the expected charter changes.
    The general sense of the room was to keep the current scope and
    focus on completing the document. The document probably needs some
    clarification regarding intended scope. Additionally, the document
    is intended to provide examples rather than explicit directions so
    some words need to be updated.

    ACTIONS:

    - Draft to be revised to clarify intended scope
      regarding the architecture of the RPKI and reference related
      documents concerning further details of the use of Manifests,
      ROAs, BOAs and the forms of potential use in supporting routing
      activities.
    
  Route Originations
     	
    Matt Lepinski presented on the current ROA specification document
    and the current issue relating to whether to add the capability for
    multiple signatures into a ROA or not. A specification as to how
    multiple signatures could be included in the ROA was presented.

    Questions / Comments:

    There was a significant discussion about the ROA format and number
    of signatures on a ROA. There were generally two (opposing) views
    expressed there were largely the same as have been expressed on
    the mail list. The minute takers' general summary of the issue is:

      Supporters of multiple signatures: SIDR work should not
      constrain or restrict the way in which the routing system and
      resource assignments operate currently or in the future.

      Opponents of multiple signatures: This is an effort to solve a
      problem that is extremely small (or non-existent) which
      introduces significant complexity of the validation
      implementations (and possibly all validations).
 
    During the discussions, some new ideas such as specifying the use
    of multiple signatures on a ROA but defining that only one
    signature will be used initially on a ROA - a request was made for
    Jeffrey Hass write up this idea for the WG.

    There was also a suggestion that if multiple signatures were used,
    they should only be applied when multiple parties were involved.

    Geoff suggested that it might be useful to specify that validation
    of a ROA would not be done over any larger address space than
    contained in the ROA. A ROA cannot be used to validate any object
    that is larger than the span of the address in the ROA. The
    implication of this limitation is that if it is required to sign an
    aggregate address object where the components are drawn from
    distinct validation paths, then multiple signatures in the ROA would
    be necessary.
 
    ACTIONS:

    - Jeffrey Hass to describe an approach to multiple signatures on a
      ROA where the case of multiple signatures is defined, but note
      intended use to be constrained to single signatures.

    - Multiple signatures in a ROA to be taken to the WG mailing list.
   
  Repository Structure
  
    George Michaelson next presented on the Repository Structure
    draft. The draft has been pretty much rewritten since the -00
    draft, in response to a batch of inputs.  The slides provide a
    summary of the changes from the 00 version.
  
    The authors believe that the 01 version incorporates the comments
    they received to date.  They would also like to have further
    review and comments on the draft.
      
    Questions / Comments: 

    During this presentation, a member of the
    working group asked if this was the right time to discuss the
    issues around the use of rsync as defined in the specification.
    There have been discussions about this on the WG list but they
    have not been conclusive.  After some discussion in the meeting,
    Sandy took an action to write a description and summary of the
    rsync related issues and send it to the WG list and AD.  At this
    point, it sounds like the working group members in the room see
    the need to have specific agenda time to discuss these issues at
    the IETF72 SIDR WG meeting.

    ACTIONS:

    - Sandy Murphy to write a description of the issues in the use of
      RSYNC in the RPKI specification, and circulate this to the AD
      and the WG.

  ROA Validation

    George Michaelson presented on ROA Validation.  The list of issues
    in the last slide of the presentation may not be complete but are
    likely the ones that need to be worked on first - comments are
    solicited.

    Questions / Comments:

    Some of the substantive comments that were raised from WG members
    in the room related to operational timeliness and the amount of
    time needed to effect changes to signed originations, e.g., an ISP
    moves all traffic from one link to another (changing origination
    point and issuing a new ROA) but their traffic is not being
    delivered everywhere since some places are validating on the old
    ROA - a 24 hour cycle to get the new information in place is not
    operationally acceptable.  Geoff & Steve both pointed out that
    relying parties can update information more frequently than 24
    hours but there is no way to force people to update information on
    any particular period of time. The generic response to this was to
    pre-provision the necessary security credentials in the RPKI in
    advance of the use of a particular origination arrangement in the
    routing system.

    There was also discussion about approaches that were needed during
    the transition period of particular adoption, when ROAs are being
    issued for some but not all originations. Some ideas are included
    in the draft and summarized in the slides. The working group was
    asked to think about transition and contribute additional ideas.

  Bogon Origin Attestations

    Geoff Huston presented on Bogon Origin Attestations. The concept
    motivating the BOA idea is to provide a mechanism for legitimate
    holders of resources to make an authenticatable statement the
    certain resources should not be appearing in the routing system.
    In general, BOAs are modelled after ROAs but if a relying party
    encounters both a ROA and a BOA for a given space, the ROA will
    always override a BOA.

 
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Mar 18 07:49:40 2008
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Date: Tue, 18 Mar 2008 10:47:16 -0400
From: Jeffrey Haas <jhaas@pfrc.org>
To: Terry Manderson <terry@apnic.net>
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] rsync discussion history
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Terry,

On Sat, Mar 15, 2008 at 06:13:32AM +1000, Terry Manderson wrote:
> I'm not going to go back through the process of discussing the merits  
> and downfalls of RSYNC or any other competing protocol or service that  
> might be used as the fetch mechanism.

And this was not my original point.  I said:

> > For our purposes, we just care that we can gather all of the necessary
> > files.  This can be as simple as downloading the latest manifest and
> > then fetching all changed files within the manifest.  This was one of
> > the reasons I had suggested a "last updated" value for the items in  
> > the
> > manifest at the microphone at the SIDR meeting.

The presence of a last updated field in the manifest means that you
don't require remote file system last-time-touched state to determine what 
files you may need to fetch.  rsync handles those details beautifully.
In the absence of rsync, you need additional information to do this
efficiently.

-- Jeff
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Date: Tue, 18 Mar 2008 11:34:42 -0400
To: Robert Loomans <robertl@apnic.net>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Cc: "'Michele \(Mike\) Hjorleifsson'" <mikeh@aepnetworks.com>, sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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At 9:55 AM +1000 3/18/08, Robert Loomans wrote:
>Content-Type: multipart/signed; 
>protocol="application/x-pkcs7-signature"; micalg=sha1; 
>boundary="------------ms040001000803000508020806"
>
>Tony Li wrote:
>>One benefit would be a secure, automatic exchanges without cleartext
>>authentication.
>
>There is no authentication for the repositories. They are publicly, 
>anonymously available.
>
>Every party who wants to check one of your assertions (ROA, etc) 
>needs to be able to retrieve the appropriate certificates, CRLs, etc.
>
>Rob
>

Rob,

It has been suggested that access to repositories might be 
TLS-protected, even though the data is intended to be widely 
available.  The motivation is that requiring a TLS credential (issued 
under the RPKI) could be used to reject DoS attacks by complete 
outsiders.  Of course, one has to pay close attention to the 
implementation details to ensure that use of TLS does not itself 
become a vector for a DoS attack.

Steve
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Hi Jeff,

On 19/03/2008, at 12:47 AM, Jeffrey Haas wrote:

> Terry,
>
> On Sat, Mar 15, 2008 at 06:13:32AM +1000, Terry Manderson wrote:
>> I'm not going to go back through the process of discussing the merits
>> and downfalls of RSYNC or any other competing protocol or service  
>> that
>> might be used as the fetch mechanism.
>
> And this was not my original point.  I said:
>

I top posted my reply as I wasn't actually picking on you or  
challenging your point, I felt it worthwhile simply to highlight that  
there are options at that junction of the thread, so in some way we  
can have our cake and eat it too. :-)

>>> For our purposes, we just care that we can gather all of the  
>>> necessary
>>> files.  This can be as simple as downloading the latest manifest and
>>> then fetching all changed files within the manifest.  This was one  
>>> of
>>> the reasons I had suggested a "last updated" value for the items in
>>> the
>>> manifest at the microphone at the SIDR meeting.
>
> The presence of a last updated field in the manifest means that you
> don't require remote file system last-time-touched state to  
> determine what
> files you may need to fetch.  rsync handles those details beautifully.
> In the absence of rsync, you need additional information to do this
> efficiently.



I don't disagree there..

Terry
--
Terry Manderson                         email:      terry@apnic.net
Network Operations Manager, APNIC       sip:    info@voip.apnic.net
http://www.apnic.net                    phone:      +61 7 3858 3100


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On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Stephen Kent wrote:

> At 9:55 AM +1000 3/18/08, Robert Loomans wrote:
<snip>
>
> It has been suggested that access to repositories might be
> TLS-protected, even though the data is intended to be widely
> available.  The motivation is that requiring a TLS credential (issued
> under the RPKI) could be used to reject DoS attacks by complete
> outsiders.

Can you say more about the TLS credential issued under the RPKI?

First - so the credential would point in some way to the resource held as 
the source of the access?

Second - are you suggesting that a repository would not be open to those 
who were not resource holders?  (Like: academics looking for allocation 
patterns for research purposees would be just as denied as the trolls 
looking for allocation patters for commercial purposes?)

Third - do commercial entities running global repositories as a service 
have a way to get such a TLS credential?

What is it that I am missing?

--Sandy

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OK, let me clarify my questions...

Is there any guidance regarding how long a ROA should be
valid?  Geoff's BOA draft suggests that new BOA's should be
issued on a 24 hour basis.

The reason I ask is because if these are employed directly
be a secure routing protocol then the amount of churn in the
routing system as a result of periodic refreshes could be
considerable (think RIPv1 - e.g., 250k/24/60/60 = ~3 updates
per second, and that's being gratuitous).   If they're cached out
of band or employed to seed IRR objects the refreshes alone
can be suppressed.

Also, regarding this text in S 2.3 of sidr-cp-03:

     A new ROA will be published before a predecessor ROA has expired,  
or
     within 24 hours after an address space holder has changed the set  
of
     ASes that is authorized to advertise the address blocks it holds.

So here, this would require that the holder of the address space
pre-notify and provide a precise window for cutover from one origin
AS to another.  In this case, if it's actually the same entity but  
they're
migrating AS numbers or the like, would they simply certify a ROA
themselves for the other origin AS until the transition occurs?  This
is the most common case I can think of today where issues such
as this may arise.

And my question regarding availability of the CAs still stands,
although I do realize its a very operational one, I think it's one
we need to consider, and the Time and Frequency of Publication
issues above have an impact on this.  I'd particularly be interested
in hearing about how the RIR folks are planning to deal with this.

-danny


On Mar 17, 2008, at 9:05 PM, Danny McPherson wrote:

> In reading draft-ietf-sidr-cp-03, and S 2.3 specifically, I have
> a couple questions:
> "A new ROA will be published before a predecessor ROA has expired, or
> within 24 hours after an address space holder has changed the set of
> ASes that is authorized to advertise the address blocks it holds."
> What do folks believe would be normal behavior in a system if
> the CA and a new ROA were not available for some extended
> period of time?  For example, some natural disaster occurred?
> I know an individual RP could "opt out", but that's not realistic for
> Internet-wide deployment.
>
> Second, if a new ROA is required and that information is employed
> directly by the routing system and validated by a protocol such as
> SBGP, would this model require that each routing entry for which
> a ROA exists be readvertised every ~24 hours?  I understand how
> an offline system could suppress certificate updates, but not if this
> information is directly employed by the routing system itself.
>
> Thanks!
>
> -danny
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

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>Second, if a new ROA is required and that information is employed
>directly by the routing system and validated by a protocol such as
>SBGP, would this model require that each routing entry for which
>a ROA exists be readvertised every ~24 hours?

I don't see why a new ROA would necessitate a new BGP Update.

Can you say why that would be necessary?

The Update should still be in the Adj-RIB-In, and the new ROA (absent
changes in authorization, of course) should authorize it as well
as the old ROA.

--Sandy
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On Mar 18, 2008, at 12:41 PM, Sandy Murphy wrote:

>> Second, if a new ROA is required and that information is employed
>> directly by the routing system and validated by a protocol such as
>> SBGP, would this model require that each routing entry for which
>> a ROA exists be readvertised every ~24 hours?
>
> I don't see why a new ROA would necessitate a new BGP Update.
>
> Can you say why that would be necessary?
>
> The Update should still be in the Adj-RIB-In, and the new ROA (absent
> changes in authorization, of course) should authorize it as well
> as the old ROA.

Ahh, that's perhaps where I'm missing something.

So, intermediate systems validate based on the ROA and
it has a periodic expire with the associated certificate, doesn't
the refreshed certificate need to be propagated each time it's
refreshed - if employing such a capability in an inter-domain
routing protocol?

-danny



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On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Danny McPherson wrote:

>
> On Mar 18, 2008, at 12:41 PM, Sandy Murphy wrote:
>
>>> Second, if a new ROA is required and that information is employed
>>> directly by the routing system and validated by a protocol such as
>>> SBGP, would this model require that each routing entry for which
>>> a ROA exists be readvertised every ~24 hours?
>>
>> I don't see why a new ROA would necessitate a new BGP Update.
>>
>> Can you say why that would be necessary?
>>
>> The Update should still be in the Adj-RIB-In, and the new ROA (absent
>> changes in authorization, of course) should authorize it as well
>> as the old ROA.
>
> Ahh, that's perhaps where I'm missing something.
>
> So, intermediate systems validate based on the ROA and
> it has a periodic expire with the associated certificate, doesn't
> the refreshed certificate need to be propagated each time it's
> refreshed - if employing such a capability in an inter-domain
> routing protocol?

That's the reason behind the need to (r)sync with databases everywhere 
periodically.  Like creating your filters from IRRs each evening.

--Sandy

>
> -danny
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sidr mailing list
> Sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>
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On Mar 18, 2008, at 1:20 PM, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>
> That's the reason behind the need to (r)sync with databases  
> everywhere periodically.  Like creating your filters from IRRs each  
> evening.

Yes, but I'm saying, IF the ROA/expiry data is included in
a secure routing protocol's route update messages and is
to be validated by intermediate systems, then such periodic
refresh timers could have considerable implications on the
stability of the routing system.

-danny


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On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Danny McPherson wrote:

>
> On Mar 18, 2008, at 1:20 PM, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>> 
>> That's the reason behind the need to (r)sync with databases everywhere 
>> periodically.  Like creating your filters from IRRs each evening.
>
> Yes, but I'm saying, IF the ROA/expiry data is included in
> a secure routing protocol's route update messages and is

Ah.  Well, that's a possible future direction, but we're not there yet.

> to be validated by intermediate systems, then such periodic
> refresh timers could have considerable implications on the
> stability of the routing system.

In any distribution of the ROA/certs, you need to take some care in 
operational matters - creating the new cert with some overlap in validity 
timing seems desirable, getting the new ROA distributed in time whether 
through repositories or BGP or whatever, and error conditions (see Geoff's 
draft) that have a "validates but against expired ROA" case coupled with 
local policy as to whether to accept that or not, etc.

--Sandy



>
> -danny
>
>
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Date: Tue, 18 Mar 2008 16:29:05 -0400
To: Sandra Murphy <sandy@sparta.com>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Cc: "'Michele \(Mike\) Hjorleifsson'" <mikeh@aepnetworks.com>, sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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At 1:25 PM -0400 3/18/08, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Stephen Kent wrote:
>
>>At 9:55 AM +1000 3/18/08, Robert Loomans wrote:
><snip>
>>
>>It has been suggested that access to repositories might be
>>TLS-protected, even though the data is intended to be widely
>>available.  The motivation is that requiring a TLS credential (issued
>>under the RPKI) could be used to reject DoS attacks by complete
>>outsiders.
>
>Can you say more about the TLS credential issued under the RPKI?
>
>First - so the credential would point in some way to the resource 
>held as the source of the access?

it would, implicitly, as do all RPKI certs, but the only check needed 
here is that it is a valid cert under the RPKI.

>Second - are you suggesting that a repository would not be open to 
>those who were not resource holders?  (Like: academics looking for 
>allocation patterns for research purposees would be just as denied 
>as the trolls looking for allocation patters for commercial 
>purposes?)

the primary function of a repository is to provide certs, CRLs, ROAs, 
etc. to ISPs. access to anyone else is a secondary issue.

>Third - do commercial entities running global repositories as a 
>service have a way to get such a TLS credential?

we have not discussed the need for such third parties to operate repositories.

Steve
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Date: Tue, 18 Mar 2008 17:40:53 -0400
To: Danny McPherson <danny@tcb.net>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Cc: sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Sidr] On Time and Frequency of ROA Publication
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At 9:05 PM -0600 3/17/08, Danny McPherson wrote:
>In reading draft-ietf-sidr-cp-03, and S 2.3 specifically, I have
>a couple questions:
>"A new ROA will be published before a predecessor ROA has expired, or 
>within 24 hours after an address space holder has changed the set of 
>ASes that is authorized to advertise the address blocks it holds."
>What do folks believe would be normal behavior in a system if
>the CA and a new ROA were not available for some extended
>period of time?  For example, some natural disaster occurred?
>I know an individual RP could "opt out", but that's not realistic for
>Internet-wide deployment.
>
>Second, if a new ROA is required and that information is employed
>directly by the routing system and validated by a protocol such as
>SBGP, would this model require that each routing entry for which
>a ROA exists be readvertised every ~24 hours?  I understand how
>an offline system could suppress certificate updates, but not if this
>information is directly employed by the routing system itself.

Each resource holder is expected ton issue a ROA with a lifetime 
based on the holder's perception of the duration of the binding. For 
many (most?) folks, the binding between them and the AS authorized to 
originate a route to the prefix(es) in question is long lived, and 
the ROA (and associated cert) will be similarly long lived. However, 
as soon as the binding is no longer valid. the resource holder 
revokes the ROA by issuing a CRL. Thus the primary timeliness issue 
here is the frequency with which RPs fetch repository entries and 
discover new ROAs (and matching certs) and CRLs. The admonition to 
publish a new ROA that overlaps the old one is a way to avoid gaps 
and not require tight synchronization. Also note that a ROA 
authorizes an AS to originate a route for the prefix. One can publish 
a ROA for an AS that will originate a route only in case of an 
emergency, in anticipation of an advertisement being sent.

Steve
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Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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> On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Stephen Kent wrote:
> 
>> At 9:55 AM +1000 3/18/08, Robert Loomans wrote:
> <snip>
>> It has been suggested that access to repositories might be
>> TLS-protected, even though the data is intended to be widely
>> available.  The motivation is that requiring a TLS credential (issued
>> under the RPKI) could be used to reject DoS attacks by complete
>> outsiders.
> 


Perhaps the clarifying question is: are you talking about read access or write access?

The comments I've seen that support the notion of no need for TLS support appear to refer to read access, where anyone can be a relying party and the combination of manifests and digital signatures on retrieved objects is sufficient to ensure that the relying party can determine the completeness and validity of the retrieved information.

The comments I've seen in favour of TLS appear to refer to write access where a CA or EE has outsouced the publication repository management function to a third party and there may be some need for a secured channel of write access as a means of DOS protection.

The drafts on this topic (draft-huston-sidr-repos-struct-01.txt, and draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-09.txt) refer only to read access.



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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Mar 18 19:11:58 2008
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I believe the conversation was centered around write access, to ensure  
an unauthorized individual couldnt corrupt the repository

On Mar 18, 2008, at 18:00 , Geoff Huston wrote:

>> On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Stephen Kent wrote:
>>> At 9:55 AM +1000 3/18/08, Robert Loomans wrote:
>> <snip>
>>> It has been suggested that access to repositories might be
>>> TLS-protected, even though the data is intended to be widely
>>> available.  The motivation is that requiring a TLS credential  
>>> (issued
>>> under the RPKI) could be used to reject DoS attacks by complete
>>> outsiders.
>
>
> Perhaps the clarifying question is: are you talking about read  
> access or write access?
>
> The comments I've seen that support the notion of no need for TLS  
> support appear to refer to read access, where anyone can be a  
> relying party and the combination of manifests and digital  
> signatures on retrieved objects is sufficient to ensure that the  
> relying party can determine the completeness and validity of the  
> retrieved information.
>
> The comments I've seen in favour of TLS appear to refer to write  
> access where a CA or EE has outsouced the publication repository  
> management function to a third party and there may be some need for  
> a secured channel of write access as a means of DOS protection.
>
> The drafts on this topic (draft-huston-sidr-repos-struct-01.txt, and  
> draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-09.txt) refer only to read access.
>
>
>

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Michele (Mike) Hjorleifsson wrote:
> I believe the conversation was centered around write access, to ensure  
> an unauthorized individual couldnt corrupt the repository

"the repository" is, I think, the crux of the issue here: there isn't 
just one repository.

The current architecture is that each player in this system will be 
publishing to their own repository or to a repository hosted by someone 
on their behalf.

Each of the RIRs will have a repository, each of their members that run 
their own certifying infrastructure will have their own repository, etc.

The burden of synchronising from all the repositories in existence is 
expected to be mitigated somewhat by various parties, including APNIC, 
running aggregated caches.

At present, there is no draft/spec/whatever standardising how provide a 
hosted repository to 3rd parties. So the issue of write access to "the 
repository" reduces to write access to your own repository... which is a 
very similar to discussing write access to your website: the details 
will vary depending on whether you host it yourself or use a hosting 
service, but you would hope that suitable access control would be in 
place :)

Cheers,
     Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Mar 19 10:16:38 2008
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Date: Wed, 19 Mar 2008 13:14:19 -0400
To: Geoff Huston <gih@apnic.net>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Cc: "'Michele \(Mike\) Hjorleifsson'" <mikeh@aepnetworks.com>, sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Sidr] Rsync
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At 9:00 AM +1100 3/19/08, Geoff Huston wrote:
>>On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Stephen Kent wrote:
>>
>>>At 9:55 AM +1000 3/18/08, Robert Loomans wrote:
>><snip>
>>>It has been suggested that access to repositories might be
>>>TLS-protected, even though the data is intended to be widely
>>>available.  The motivation is that requiring a TLS credential (issued
>>>under the RPKI) could be used to reject DoS attacks by complete
>>>outsiders.
>>
>
>
>Perhaps the clarifying question is: are you talking about read 
>access or write access?

With regard to DoS concerns, I was talking about read access.

>The comments I've seen that support the notion of no need for TLS 
>support appear to refer to read access, where anyone can be a 
>relying party and the combination of manifests and digital 
>signatures on retrieved objects is sufficient to ensure that the 
>relying party can determine the completeness and validity of the 
>retrieved information.

I agree that write access poses greater access control concerns in 
general, but we should care about DoS in the context of read access. 
Since I was the one who made the comments, I guess I didn't make them 
clearly enough :-).

>The comments I've seen in favour of TLS appear to refer to write 
>access where a CA or EE has outsouced the publication repository 
>management function to a third party and there may be some need for 
>a secured channel of write access as a means of DOS protection.

Yes. There are lots of options here, and it is not clear if we need 
to have one standard way to do this, or just say that suitable access 
controls need to be employed, and give examples of reasonable ways to 
achieve such.

>The drafts on this topic (draft-huston-sidr-repos-struct-01.txt, and 
>draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-09.txt) refer only to read access.

right.

Steve
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