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Date: Mon, 03 Nov 2008 13:24:22 -0500
From: Matt Lepinski <mlepinski@bbn.com>
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Subject: [sidr] ROA Format -04
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------030002020503060402070206
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
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I have submitted a revision to the ROA Format specification (see attached).

As per recent discussions on the SIDR list, I have changed the 
validation text in Section 3 to indicate that a ROA is valid if its IP 
address prefix(es) are contained within the set of IP addresses 
specified by the RFC 3779 extension in the EE certificate (previously 
the text had required an exact match between the IP addresses in a ROA 
and the Ip addresses in the RFC 3779 extension of the EE cert).

The draft remains silent with regards to multiple signatures on a single 
ROA (as the discussion of this issue did not seem to yield any concensus).

- Matt Lepinski

--------------030002020503060402070206
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 name="draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format-04.txt"
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 filename="draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format-04.txt"

Secure Inter-Domain Routing (sidr)                          M. Lepinski
Internet Draft                                                  S. Kent
Expires: May 2009                                               D. Kong
Intended Status: Proposed Standard                     BBN Technologies
                                                       November 3, 2008
                                      
             A Profile for Route Origin Authorizations (ROAs)
                     draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format-04.txt


Status of this Memo 

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that       
   any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is       
   aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she       
   becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of       
   BCP 79. 

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering 
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 8, 2008. 

Abstract 

   This document defines a standard profile for Route Origin 
   Authorizations (ROAs).  A ROA is a digitally signed object that 
   provides a means of verifying that an IP address block holder has 
   authorized an Autonomous System (AS) to originate routes to that one 
   or more prefixes within the address block. 

Table of Contents 

    
   1. Introduction...................................................2 
   2. Basic Format...................................................3 
 
 
 
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      2.1. Signed-Data Content Type..................................3 
         2.1.1. version..............................................4 
         2.1.2. digestAlgorithms.....................................4 
         2.1.3. encapContentInfo.....................................4 
            2.1.3.1. eContentType....................................4 
            2.1.3.2. eContent........................................4 
               2.1.3.2.1. version....................................5 
               2.1.3.2.2. asID.......................................5 
               2.1.3.2.3. ipAddrBlocks...............................5 
         2.1.4. certificates.........................................6 
         2.1.5. crls.................................................6 
         2.1.6. signerInfos..........................................6 
            2.1.6.1. version.........................................6 
            2.1.6.2. sid.............................................6 
            2.1.6.3. digestAlgorithm.................................6 
            2.1.6.4. signedAttrs.....................................7 
               2.1.6.4.1. ContentType Attribute......................7 
               2.1.6.4.2. MessageDigest Attribute....................7 
               2.1.6.4.3. SigningTime Attribute......................8 
               2.1.6.4.4. BinarySigningTimeAttribute.................8 
            2.1.6.5. signatureAlgorithm..............................8 
            2.1.6.6. signature.......................................9 
            2.1.6.7. unsignedAttrs...................................9 
   3. ROA Validation.................................................9 
   4. Security Considerations.......................................10 
   5. IANA Considerations...........................................11 
   6. Acknowledgments...............................................11 
   7. References....................................................12 
      7.1. Normative References.....................................12 
      7.2. Informative References...................................12 
   Authors' Addresses...............................................13 
   Intellectual Property Statement..................................14 
   Disclaimer of Validity...........................................14 
   Copyright Statement..............................................14 
    
1. Introduction 

   The primary purpose of the Internet IP Address and AS Number Resource 
   Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) system is to improve routing 
   security.  As part of this system, a mechanism is needed to allow 
   entities to verify that an AS has been given permission by an IP 
   address block holder to advertise routes to one or more prefixes 
   within that block.  A ROA provides this function. 

   A ROA is a digitally signed object that makes use of Cryptographic 
   Message Syntax (CMS) [RFC3852] as a standard encapsulation format.  

 
 
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   CMS was chosen to take advantage of existing open source software 
   available for processing messages in this format. 

1.1. Terminology 

   It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the terms and concepts 
   described in "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate 
   and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile" [RFC5280] and "X.509 
   Extensions for IP Addresses and AS Identifiers" [RFC3779]. 

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", 
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this 
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [RFC2119]. 

2. Basic Format 

   Using CMS syntax, a ROA is a type of signed-data object.  The general 
   format of a CMS object is: 

      ContentInfo ::= SEQUENCE { 
        contentType ContentType, 
        content [0] EXPLICIT ANY DEFINED BY contentType } 
    
      ContentType ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER 
    
   As a ROA is a signed-data object, it uses the corresponding OID, 
   1.2.840.113549.1.7.2. [RFC3852] 

2.1. Signed-Data Content Type 

   According to the CMS standard, the signed-data content type shall 
   have ASN.1 type SignedData: 

      SignedData ::= SEQUENCE { 
        version CMSVersion, 
        digestAlgorithms DigestAlgorithmIdentifiers, 
        encapContentInfo EncapsulatedContentInfo, 
        certificates [0] IMPLICIT CertificateSet OPTIONAL, 
        crls [1] IMPLICIT RevocationInfoChoices OPTIONAL, 
        signerInfos SignerInfos } 
    
      DigestAlgorithmIdentifiers ::= SET OF DigestAlgorithmIdentifier 
    
      SignerInfos ::= SET OF SignerInfo 
    


 
 
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2.1.1. version 

   The version is the syntax version number.  It MUST be 3, 
   corresponding to the signerInfo structure having version number 3.   

2.1.2. digestAlgorithms 

   The digestAlgorithms set MUST include only SHA-256, the OID for which 
   is 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1. [RFC4055] It MUST NOT contain any other 
   algorithms. 

2.1.3. encapContentInfo 

   encapContentInfo is the signed content, consisting of a content type 
   identifier and the content itself. 

      EncapsulatedContentInfo ::= SEQUENCE { 
        eContentType ContentType, 
        eContent [0] EXPLICIT OCTET STRING OPTIONAL } 
    
      ContentType ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER 
    
2.1.3.1. eContentType 

   The ContentType for a ROA is defined as routeOriginAttestation and 
   has the numerical value of 1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.24. 

      id-smime OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) 
   rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs9(9) 16 } 
    
      id-ct OBJECT INDENTIFIER ::= { id-smime 1 } 
    
      routeOriginAttestion OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-ct 24 } 
    
2.1.3.2. eContent 

   The content of a ROA identifies a single AS that has been authorized 
   by the address space holder to originate routes and a list of one or 
   more IP address prefixes that will be advertised.  If the address 
   space holder needs to authorize multiple ASes to advertise the same 
   set of address prefixes, the holder issues multiple ROAs, one per AS 
   number. A ROA is formally defined as: 

      RouteOriginAttestation ::= SEQUENCE { 
         version [0] INTEGER DEFAULT 0, 
         asID  ASID, 
         ipAddrBlocks SEQUENCE OF ROAIPAddressFamily } 
 
 
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      ASID ::= INTEGER 
       
      ROAIPAddressFamily ::= SEQUENCE { 
         addressFamily OCTET STRING (SIZE (2..3)), 
         addresses SEQUENCE OF ROAIPAddress } 

    
      ROAIPAddress ::= SEQUENCE { 
         address IPAddress, 
         maxLength INTEGER OPTIONAL } 
    
      IPAddress ::= BIT STRING 

2.1.3.2.1. version 

   The version number of the RouteOriginAttestation MUST be 0. 

2.1.3.2.2. asID 

   The asID field contains the AS number that is authorized to originate 
   routes to the given IP address prefixes. 

2.1.3.2.3. ipAddrBlocks 

   The ipAddrBlocks field encodes the set of IP address prefixes to 
   which the AS is authorized to originate routes. Note that the syntax 
   here is more restrictive than that used in the IP Address Delegation 
   extension defined in RFC 3779. That extension can represent arbitrary 
   address ranges, whereas ROAs need to represent only prefixes. 

   Within the ROAIPAddressFamily structure, addressFamily contains the 
   Address Family Identifier (AFI) of an IP address family. This 
   specification only supports IPv4 and IPv6. Therefore, addressFamily 
   MUST be either 0001 or 0002.  

   Within a ROAIPAddress structure, the addresses field represents 
   prefixes as a sequence of type IPAddress. (See [RFC3779] for more 
   details). If present, the maxLength must be an integer greater than 
   or equal to the length of the accompanying prefix and less than or 
   equal to the length (in bits) of an IP address in the address family 
   (32 for IPv4 and 128 for IPv6). When present, the maxLength specifies 
   the maximum length of IP address prefix that the AS is authorized to 
   advertise. (For example, if the IP Address prefix is 10.0/16 and the 
   maxLength is 24, the AS is authorized to advertise any more specific 
   prefix having length at most 24. That is, in this example, the AS 
   would be authorized to advertise 10.0/16, 10.0.128/20, or 
 
 
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   10.0.255/24, but not 10.0.255.0/25.) When the maxLength is not 
   present, the AS is only authorized to advertise exactly the prefix 
   specified in the ROA. 

2.1.4. certificates 

   The certificates field MUST be included and MUST contain only the end 
   entity certificate needed to validate this ROA.  

2.1.5. crls 

   The crls field MUST be omitted. 

2.1.6. signerInfos 

   SignerInfo is defined under CMS as: 

      SignerInfo ::= SEQUENCE { 
        version CMSVersion, 
        sid SignerIdentifier, 
        digestAlgorithm DigestAlgorithmIdentifier, 
        signedAttrs [0] IMPLICIT SignedAttributes OPTIONAL, 
        signatureAlgorithm SignatureAlgorithmIdentifier, 
        signature SignatureValue, 
        unsignedAttrs [1] IMPLICIT UnsignedAttributes OPTIONAL } 
 
2.1.6.1. version 

   The version number MUST be 3, corresponding with the choice of 
   SubjectKeyIdentifier for the sid. 

2.1.6.2. sid 

   The sid is defined as: 

      SignerIdentifier ::= CHOICE { 
        issuerAndSerialNumber IssuerAndSerialNumber, 
        subjectKeyIdentifier [0] SubjectKeyIdentifier } 
    
   For a ROA, the sid MUST be a SubjectKeyIdentifier. 
    
2.1.6.3. digestAlgorithm 

   The digestAlgorithm MUST be SHA-256, the OID for which is 
   2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1. [RFC4055] 


 
 
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2.1.6.4. signedAttrs 

   The signedAttrs is defined as: 

         SignedAttributes ::= SET SIZE (1..MAX) OF Attribute 
 
         Attribute ::= SEQUENCE { 
           attrType OBJECT IDENTIFIER, 
           attrValues SET OF AttributeValue } 
    
         AttributeValue ::= ANY 
    

   The signedAttr element MUST be present and MUST include the content-
   type and message-digest attributes. The signer MAY also include the 
   signing-time signed attribute, the binary-signing-time signed 
   attribute, or both signed attributes. Other signed attributes that 
   are deemed appropriate MAY also be included. The intent is to allow 
   additional signed attributes to be included if a future need is 
   identified. This does not cause an interoperability concern because 
   unrecognized signed attributes are ignored by the relying party. 

   The signedAttr MUST include only a single instance of any particular 
   attribute. Additionally, even though the syntax allows for a SET OF 
   AttributeValue, in a ROA the attrValues must consist of only a single 
   AttributeValue. 

2.1.6.4.1. ContentType Attribute 

   The ContentType attribute MUST be present. The attrType OID for the 
   ContentType attribute is 1.2.840.113549.1.9.3.  

   The attrValues for the ContentType attribute in a ROA MUST be 
   1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.24 (matching the eContentType in the 
   EncapsulatedContentInfo). 

2.1.6.4.2. MessageDigest Attribute 

   The MessageDigest Attribute MUST be present. The attrType OID for the 
   MessageDigest Attribute is 1.2.840.113549.1.9.4.  

   The attrValues for the MessageDigest attribute contains the output of 
   the digest algorithm applied to the content being signed, as 
   specified in Section 11.1 of RFC 3852. 



 
 
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2.1.6.4.3. SigningTime Attribute 

   The SigningTime Attribute MAY be present. If it is present it MUST be 
   ignored by the relying party. The presence of absence of the 
   SigningTime attribute in no way affects the validation of the ROA (as 
   specified in Section 3). The attrType OID for the SigningTime 
   attribute is 1.2.840.113549.1.9.5. 

   The attrValues for the SigningTime attribute is defined as: 

      SigningTime ::= Time 
    
      Time ::= CHOICE { 
           utcTime UTCTime, 
           generalizedTime GeneralizedTime } 
    

   The Time element specifies the time, based on the local system clock, 
   at which the digital signature was applied to the content. 

2.1.6.4.4. BinarySigningTimeAttribute 

   The BinarySigningTime Attribute MAY be present. If it is present it 
   MUST be ignored by the relying party. The presence of absence of the 
   BinarySigningTime attribute in no way affects the validation of the 
   ROA (as specified in Section 3). The attrType OID for the SigningTime 
   attribute is 1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.2.46. 

   The attrValues for the SigningTime attribute is defined as: 

      BinarySigningTime ::= BinaryTime 
    
      BinaryTime ::= INTEGER (0..MAX) 
    

   The BinaryTime element specifies the time, based on the local system 
   clock, at which the digital signature was applied to the content. 

2.1.6.5. signatureAlgorithm 

   The signatureAlgorithm MUST be RSA (rsaEncryption), the OID for which 
   is 1.2.840.113549.1.1.1.  





 
 
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2.1.6.6. signature 

   The signature value is defined as: 
    
      SignatureValue ::= OCTET STRING 
    
   The signature characteristics are defined by the digest and signature 
   algorithms. 

2.1.6.7. unsignedAttrs 

   unsignedAttrs MUST be omitted. 

3. ROA Validation 

   Before a relying party can use a ROA to validate a routing 
   announcement, the relying party must first validate the ROA by 
   verifying that all of the following conditions hold. 

   1. The ROA syntax complies with this specification. In particular, 
      that each of the following is true: 

       a. The contentType of the CMS object is SignedData (OID 
          1.2.840.113549.1.7.2) 

       b. The version of the SignedData object is 3. 

       c. The digestAlgorithm in the SignedData object is SHA-256 (OID 
          2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1). 

       d. The certificates field in the SignedData object is present and 
          contains an EE certificate whose Subject Key Identifier (SKI) 
          matches the sid field of the SignerInfo object. 

       e. The crls field in the SignedData object is omitted. 

       f. The eContentType in the EncapsulatedContentInfo is 
          routeOriginAttestation (OID 1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.24) 

       g. The version of the RouteOriginAttestation is 0. 

       h. The addressFamily in the ROAIPAddressFamily is either IPv4 or 
          IPv6 (0001 and 0002, respectively). 

       i. The version of the SignerInfo is 3. 


 
 
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       j. The digestAlgorithm in the SignerInfo object is SHA-256 (OID 
          2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1). 

       k. The signatureAlgorithm in the SignerInfo object is RSA (OID 
          1.2.840.113549.1.1.1). 

       l. The signedAttrs field in the SignerInfo object is present and 
          contains both the ContentType attribute (OID 
          1.2.840.113549.1.9.3) and the MessageDigest attribute (OID 
          1.2.840.113549.1.9.4). 

       m. The unsignedAttrs field in the SignerInfo object is omitted.   

   2. The public key of the EE certificate (contained within the ROA) 
      can be used to verify the signature on the ROA. 

   3. The IP Address Delegation extension [RFC3779] is present in the EE 
      certificate (contained within the ROA) and each IP address 
      prefix(es) in ROA is contained within the set of IP addresses 
      specified by the EE certificate's IP address delegation extension.   

   4. The EE certificate (contained within the ROA) is a valid end-
      entity certificate in the resource PKI as specified by [RESCERT]. 
      (In particular, there exists a valid certification path from a 
      trust anchor to the EE certificate.) 

4. Security Considerations 

   There is no assumption of confidentiality for the data in a ROA; it 
   is anticipated that ROAs will be stored in repositories that are 
   accessible to all ISPs, and perhaps to all Internet users. There is 
   no explicit authentication associated with a ROA, since the PKI used 
   for ROA validation provides authorization but not authentication. 
   Although the ROA is a signed, application layer object, there is no 
   intent to convey non-repudiation via a ROA.  
    
   The purpose of a ROA is to convey authorization for an AS to 
   originate a route to the prefix(es) in the ROA. Thus the integrity of 
   a ROA must be established. The ROA makes use of the CMS signed 
   message format for integrity, and thus inherits the security 
   considerations associated with that data structure. The right of the 
   ROA signer to authorize the target AS to originate routes to the 
   prefix(es) is established through use of the address space and AS 
   number PKI described in [ARCH]. Specifically one must verify the 
   signature on the ROA using an X.509 certificate issued under this 
   PKI, and check that the prefix(es) in the ROA match those in the 
   address space extension in the certificate.  
 
 
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5. IANA Considerations 

   None. 

6. Acknowledgments 

   The authors wish to thank Charles Gardiner, Russ Housley and 
   George Michaelson for their help and contributions. 







































 
 
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7. References 

7.1. Normative References 

   [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate 
             Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. 

   [RFC3852] Housley, R., ''Cryptographic Message Syntax'', RFC 3852, 
             July 2004.    

   [RFC4055] Schaad, J., Kaliski, B., and Housley, R., ''Additional 
             Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use in 
             the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate 
             and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile'', RFC 4055, 
             June 2005. 

   [RFC3779] Lynn, C., Kent, S., and Seo, K., ''X.509 Extensions for IP 
             Addresses and AS Identifiers'', RFC 3779, June 2004.

   [RFC5280] Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
             Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
             Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
             (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, May 2008. 

    

7.2. Informative References 

   [RSA]     Rivest, R., Shamir, A., and Adelman, L. M. 1978. A method 
             for obtaining digital signatures and public-key 
             cryptosystems. Commun. ACM 21, 2 (Feb.), 120-126. 

   [ARCH]    Lepinski, M., Kent, S., and Barnes, R., "An Infrastructure 
             to Support Secure Internet Routing," draft-ietf-sidr-arch-
             03.txt, February, 2008 (work in progress).   

   [RESCERT] Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and Loomans, R., ''A Profile 
             for X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates,'' draft-ietf-sidr-
             res-certs-14.txt, October, 2008 (work in progress). 

    

    

    

    

    

    

 
 
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Authors' Addresses 

   Matt Lepinski
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138

   Email: mlepinski@bbn.com
   
   Stephen Kent
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138

   Email: skent@bbn.com
    
   Derrick Kong
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138

   Email: dkong@bbn.com 
    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    
 
 
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Intellectual Property Statement 

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any 
   Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to 
   pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in 
   this document or the extent to which any license under such rights 
   might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has 
   made any independent effort to identify any such rights.  Information 
   on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be 
   found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. 

   Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any 
   assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an 
   attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of 
   such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this 
   specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at 
   http://www.ietf.org/ipr. 

   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any 
   copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary 
   rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement 
   this standard.  Please address the information to the IETF at 
   ietf-ipr@ietf.org. 

Disclaimer of Validity 

   This document and the information contained herein are provided on an 
   "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS 
   OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND 
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Copyright Statement 

   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008). 

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   contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors 
   retain all their rights. 

 




 
 
Lepinski, Kent and Kong    Expires May 2009                   [Page 14] 


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This draft is a work item of the Secure Inter-Domain Routing Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : A Profile for Route Origin Authorizations (ROAs)
	Author(s)       : M. Lepinski, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format-04.txt
	Pages           : 14
	Date            : 2008-11-03

This document defines a standard profile for Route Origin 
Authorizations (ROAs).  A ROA is a digitally signed object that 
provides a means of verifying that an IP address block holder has 
authorized an Autonomous System (AS) to originate routes to that one 
or more prefixes within the address block.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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To: "sidr@ietf.org" <sidr@ietf.org>,
 Resource Cert List <rescert@apnic.net>
From: Karen Seo <kseo@bbn.com>
Subject: [sidr] CPS's for RIRs and ISPs
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Folks,

We just re-submitted the following two I-Ds so as to re-activate 
them. The submission system indicated it would take up to 2 days 
before the draft was processed. There were no changes except for 
updating the dates.  So if you wish to review them prior to their 
being posted, you can use the previous versions of these drafts at 
http://tools.ietf.org/wg/sidr/

   Template for an Internet Service Provider's Certification Practice
         Statement (CPS) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
   draft-ietf-sidr-cps-isp-03.txt

   Template for an Internet Registry's Certification Practice Statement
         (CPS) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
   draft-ietf-sidr-cps-irs-04.txt


Looking forward to your feedback.  Thank you,
Karen
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	Title           : An Infrastructure to Support Secure Internet Routing
	Author(s)       : M. Lepinski, S. Kent
	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-arch-04.txt
	Pages           : 27
	Date            : 2008-11-03

This document describes an architecture for an infrastructure to 
support improved security of Internet routing. The foundation of this 
architecture is a public key infrastructure (PKI) that represents the 
allocation hierarchy of IP address space and Autonomous System 
Numbers; and a distributed repository system for storing and 
disseminating the data objects that comprise the PKI, as well as 
 
 
 other signed objects necessary for improved routing security. As an 
initial application of this architecture, the document describes how 
a holder of IP address space can explicitly and verifiably authorize 
one or more ASes to originate routes to that address space. Such 
verifiable authorizations could be used, for example, to more 
securely construct BGP route filters.

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	Title		: Template for an Internet Registry's Certification Practice Statement (CPS) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
	Author(s)	: D. Kong, K. Seo, S. Kent
	Filename	: draft-ietf-sidr-cps-irs-04.txt
	Pages		: 45
	Date		: 2008-11-3
	
This document contains a template to be used for creating a 
   Certification Practice Statement (CPS) for an Internet Registry 
   (e.g., NIR or RIR) that is part of the Resource Public Key 
   Infrastructure (RPKI).

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	Title		: Template for an Internet Service Provider's Certification Practice Statement (CPS) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
	Author(s)	: K. Seo, S. Kent, D. Kong
	Filename	: draft-ietf-sidr-cps-isp-03.txt
	Pages		: 48
	Date		: 2008-11-3
	
This document contains a template to be used for creating a 
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   (LIR) or Internet Service Provider (ISP) that is part of the Resource 
   Public Key Infrastructure (PKI).

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	Title		: Certificate Policy (CP) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
	Author(s)	: S. Kent, D. Kong, K. Seo
	Filename	: draft-ietf-sidr-cp-04.txt
	Pages		: 47
	Date		: 2008-11-3
	
This document describes the certificate policy for a PKI used to 
   support improved routing security. Each organization that allocates 
   IP addresses or Autonomous System (AS) numbers to an organization 
   will, in parallel, issue a certificate reflecting this allocation. 
   These certificates will enable verification that the holder of the    associated private key has been allocated the resources indicated in 
   the certificate, and is the current, unique holder of these 
   resources. The PKI in which the certificates issued under this 
   policy are employed, in conjunction with ancillary digitally signed 
   data structures, will provide critical inputs for routing security 
   mechanisms, e.g., generation of route filters by ISPs.

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 Resource Cert List <rescert@apnic.net>
From: Karen Seo <kseo@bbn.com>
Subject: [sidr] Certificate Policy for the RPKI -- new draft submitted
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Folks,

We just submitted a revised version of the following I-D:
	Certificate Policy (CP) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
	draft-ietf-sidr-cp-04.txt

Thanks go to Geoff Huston, Randy Bush, and Tim Christensen for their 
feedback.  The main changes from the 03 version are listed below (not 
including date changes, typo corrections and various minor wording 
changes).  Note that many of them but NOT all were in the non-IETF 
version distributed to the rescert mailing list in May.  Apologies in 
advance if I missed any significant changes.

Looking forward to receiving your feedback (and completing this document :-)).
Karen


a. Corrected definition of a "bogus" route to include unauthorized 
advertisement of an unallocated address (not just one that has been 
allocated)

b. Changed text throughout the draft to allow the possibility of 
additional as-yet-unagreed-upon signed objects (as opposed to just 
ROAs).

c. Changed text throughout the draft from "distributing" PKI data to 
"publishing PKI data in/into/at the RPKI distributed repository 
system" (or similar text).

d. Added text throughout the draft to allow the possibility of other 
routing-related uses of the RPKI data besides route filters.

e. 1.3.1 Certification authorities -- Added IANA and rewrote this in 
attempt to clarify. It now says:

    The organizations that allocate IP addresses (IANA, RIRs, NIRs,
    LIRs/ISPs) and AS numbers (IANA, RIRs and NIRs) act as CAs in this
    PKI. 

    Organizations that hold address space and create and sign objects
    such as ROAs and manifests also act as CAs in this PKI. Such
    organizations will include internet number registries, LIRs/ISPs,
    provider-independent subscribers and some dual-homed subscribers.
    For each signed object an organization creates, it will issue a
    corresponding EE certificate that will be used to validate the
    digital signature on the signed object. (Organizations may issue
    other types of EE certificates in the future). See [ARCH] for more
    details.

f. 1.3.5 Other Participants -- Now says:

    Every organization that undertakes a role as a CA in this PKI is
    responsible for populating the RPKI distributed repository system
    with the certificates, CRLs, and other signed objects that it
    issues. The organization can operate its own publication point or
    outsource this function (See sections 2.1 and 2.2.)

g. 1.5.1 Organization administering the document -- Now says:

    This CP is co-administered by IANA and the five Regional Internet
    Registries (RIRs), which act as default trust anchors for the PKI:

    and lists them with their addresses.

h. 1.5.2 Contact person -- Now lists general contact info for IANA 
and the five RIRs.

i. The registries (IANA and the 5 RIRs) are now listed in alphabetic 
order wherever they appear.

j. 3.1.1 Types of names -- Addition of IANA whose name will be a 
"directory distinguished" name.  Addition of NIRs to list of 
organizations whose names "consist of a single CN attribute with a 
value generated by the issuer."

k. 5.6 Key changeover -- Changed text to indicate that "Ideally, the 
private key that a CA uses to sign a certificate or CRL should have a 
validity period that is at least as long as that of any certificate 
being signed.  However, since a certificate issued under this PKI 
will have a validity period that reflects the contractual 
relationship between the issuer and subject, this may lead to 
situations where an issued certificate has a validity period longer 
than that of the key used to sign the certificate."

l. 5.8 CA or RA termination -- Changed text to indicate that "If an 
organization acting as a CA in this PKI terminates operation without 
identifying a replacement, then the effective control of the IP 
addresses and AS numbers revert back to the issuing organization, and 
address space and AS number allocations that have been previously 
validated via that CA are invalidated as of revocation of the CA's 
certificate."

m. 6.1.4 CA public key delivery to relying parties -- Added IANA to 
list of entities whose public keys are distributed out of band, i.e., 
trust anchors. Deleted (RIRs) from the sentence that says "Public key 
values and associated data for the default trust anchors will be 
distributed out of band..."

n. 6.3.2 Certificate operational periods and key pair usage periods 
-- Updated as follows to say:

    IANA holds all IP address and AS number space, i.e., all the
    resources which form the base of the RPKI hierarchy, Because a self-
    signed IANA certificate represents this base, it should have a very
    long life time.  

    Because RIRs and NIRs receive periodic new allocations, it is
    appropriate for their key pairs and certificates to have lifetimes
    that match the periodicity of these allocations.  However, to
    minimize disruption, the key pairs should be maintained across
    certificate changes. 

    LIR/ISP and subscriber certificates typically will have validity
    periods commensurate with the duration of service agreements. The
    validity periods will be chosen by the issuing CA and described in
    its CPS.

o. 9. Other Business and Legal Matters - Changed almost all 
subsections to be "[OMITTED]" because there is no single set of 
responses that would cover every relevant organization in the RPKI, 
i.e., each of these organizations will have to specify this 
information in its CPS or other document.

p. 9.12 Amendments -- Changed as follows -- NOTE that this needs to 
be changed to match Secton 1.5.1.  My apologies, I missed this.

    9.12.1. Procedure for amendment

    The procedure for amendments to this CP is via written notice from
    the Secretary of the NRO.

    9.12.2. Notification mechanism and period

    The NRO will provide one month's notice of a change to this CP.

    9.12.3. Circumstances under which OID must be changed [OMITTED]

    If the Secretary judges that the change(s) will not materially
    reduce the  acceptability of certificates for RPKI purposes, then
    there will be no change to the CP OID.  If the Secretary judges that
    the change(s) will materially change the acceptability of
    certificates for RPKI purposes, then there will be a new CP OID.

q. References -- Added:

    [REPOS] Huston, G., Loomans, R., and Michaelson, G., A Profile for
        Resource Certificate Repository Structure, draft-huston-sidr-
        repos-struct-01.txt, work in progress.

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<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<html><head><style type="text/css"><!--
blockquote, dl, ul, ol, li { padding-top: 0 ; padding-bottom: 0 }
 --></style><title>Certificate Policy for the RPKI -- new draft
submitted</title></head><body>
<div>Folks,<br>
</div>
<div>We just submitted a revised version of the following I-D:</div>
<div><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</x-tab>Certificate Policy (CP) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)</div>
<div><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</x-tab>draft-ietf-sidr-cp-04.txt</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Thanks go to Geoff Huston, Randy Bush, and Tim Christensen for
their feedback.&nbsp; The main changes from the 03 version are listed
below (not including date changes, typo corrections and various minor
wording changes).&nbsp; Note that many of them but NOT all were in the
non-IETF version distributed to the rescert mailing list in May.&nbsp;
Apologies in advance if I missed any significant changes.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Looking forward to receiving your feedback (and completing this
document :-)).</div>
<div>Karen</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>a. Corrected definition of a &quot;bogus&quot; route to include
unauthorized advertisement of an unallocated address (not just one
that has been allocated)</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>b. Changed text throughout the draft to allow the possibility of
additional as-yet-unagreed-upon signed objects (as opposed to just
ROAs).</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>c. Changed text throughout the draft from &quot;distributing&quot;
PKI data to &quot;publishing PKI data in/into/at the RPKI distributed
repository system&quot; (or similar text).</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>d. Added text throughout the draft to allow the possibility of
other routing-related uses of the RPKI data besides route
filters.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>e. 1.3.1 Certification authorities -- Added IANA and rewrote this
in attempt to clarify. It now says:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; The organizations that allocate IP addresses (IANA,
RIRs, NIRs,</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; LIRs/ISPs) and AS numbers (IANA, RIRs and NIRs) act
as CAs in this</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; PKI.&nbsp;<br>
</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; Organizations that hold address space and create and
sign objects</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; such as ROAs and manifests also act as CAs in this
PKI. Such</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; organizations will include internet number
registries, LIRs/ISPs,</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; provider-independent subscribers and some dual-homed
subscribers.</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; For each signed object an organization creates, it
will issue a</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; corresponding EE certificate that will be used to
validate the</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; digital signature on the signed object.
(Organizations may issue</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; other types of EE certificates in the future). See
[ARCH] for more</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; details.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>f. 1.3.5 Other Participants -- Now says:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; Every organization that undertakes a role as a CA in
this PKI is</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; responsible for populating the RPKI distributed
repository system</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; with the certificates, CRLs, and other signed
objects that it</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; issues. The organization can operate its own
publication point or</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; outsource this function (See sections 2.1 and
2.2.)</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>g. 1.5.1 Organization administering the document -- Now
says:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; This CP is co-administered by IANA and the five
Regional Internet</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; Registries (RIRs), which act as default trust
anchors for the PKI:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; and lists them with their addresses.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>h. 1.5.2 Contact person -- Now lists general contact info for
IANA and the five RIRs.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>i. The registries (IANA and the 5 RIRs) are now listed in
alphabetic order wherever they appear.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>j. 3.1.1 Types of names -- Addition of IANA whose name will be a
&quot;directory distinguished&quot; name.&nbsp; Addition of NIRs to
list of organizations whose names &quot;consist of a single CN
attribute with a value generated by the issuer.&quot;</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>k. 5.6 Key changeover -- Changed text to indicate that
&quot;Ideally, the private key that a CA uses to sign a certificate or
CRL should have a validity period that is at least as long as that of
any certificate being signed.&nbsp; However, since a certificate
issued under this PKI will have a validity period that reflects the
contractual relationship between the issuer and subject, this may lead
to situations where an issued certificate has a validity period longer
than that of the key used to sign the certificate.&quot;</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>l. 5.8 CA or RA termination -- Changed text to indicate that
&quot;If an organization acting as a CA in this PKI terminates
operation without identifying a replacement, then the effective
control of the IP addresses and AS numbers revert back to the issuing
organization, and address space and AS number allocations that have
been previously validated via that CA are invalidated as of revocation
of the CA's certificate.&quot;</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>m. 6.1.4 CA public key delivery to relying parties -- Added IANA
to list of entities whose public keys are distributed out of band,
i.e., trust anchors. Deleted (RIRs) from the sentence that says
&quot;Public key values and associated data for the default trust
anchors will be distributed out of band...&quot;</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>n. 6.3.2 Certificate operational periods and key pair usage
periods -- Updated as follows to say:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; IANA holds all IP address and AS number space, i.e.,
all the</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; resources which form the base of the RPKI hierarchy,
Because a self-</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; signed IANA certificate represents this base, it
should have a very</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; long life time.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; Because RIRs and NIRs receive periodic new
allocations, it is</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; appropriate for their key pairs and certificates to
have lifetimes</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; that match the periodicity of these allocations.&nbsp;
However, to</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; minimize disruption, the key pairs should be
maintained across</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; certificate changes.&nbsp;<br>
</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; LIR/ISP and subscriber certificates typically will
have validity</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; periods commensurate with the duration of service
agreements. The</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; validity periods will be chosen by the issuing CA
and described in<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; its CPS.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>o. 9. Other Business and Legal Matters - Changed almost all
subsections to be &quot;[OMITTED]&quot; because there is no single set
of responses that would cover every relevant organization in the RPKI,
i.e., each of these organizations will have to specify this
information in its CPS or other document.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>p. 9.12 Amendments -- Changed as follows --<font
color="#FF0000"><b> NOTE that this needs to be changed to match Secton
1.5.1.&nbsp; My apologies, I missed this.</b></font></div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; 9.12.1. Procedure for amendment</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; The procedure for amendments to this CP is via
written notice from</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; the Secretary of the NRO.<br>
</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; 9.12.2. Notification mechanism and period </div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; The NRO will provide one month's notice of a change
to this CP.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; 9.12.3. Circumstances under which OID must be
changed [OMITTED]</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; If the Secretary judges that the change(s) will not
materially</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; reduce the&nbsp; acceptability of certificates for
RPKI purposes, then</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; there will be no change to the CP OID.&nbsp; If the
Secretary judges that</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; the change(s) will materially change the
acceptability of<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; certificates for RPKI purposes, then there will be a new
CP OID.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>q. References -- Added:</div>
<div>&nbsp; </div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; [REPOS] Huston, G., Loomans, R., and Michaelson, G.,
A Profile for </div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Resource Certificate
Repository Structure, draft-huston-sidr-<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; repos-struct-01.txt, work in
progress.</div>
<div><br></div>
</body>
</html>
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Nov  5 12:40:41 2008
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Subject: [sidr] light agenda?
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I've seen only one suggestion for an agenda item.

Hopefully authors of some of the new versions that have been submitted 
recently will be able to present.

I will post an agenda today but I hope to have reason to amend it later.


--Sandy

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Subject: [sidr] status of draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-14
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On 26 Oct 2008 08:12:06 +1100, Geoff Huston wrote:

>This version (14) incorporates review comments received during the last
>call on the document. The section on trust anchors was revised for
>clarity with suggestions from Steven kent, but no changes in the
>specification of the certificates have been made.

Steve Kent's text added to the Trust Anchor section has never been seen by 
the wg and represents a change from the previous text's representation and 
handling of trust anchor material.

I have therefoere decided that this draft as is can not be passed to the 
IESG without a SHORT last call for the wg to comment on this change.

Because this draft has been through last call twice before, I believe that 
a last call of one week is all that is required.

The last call will end November 13, 2008.

To avoid a subsequent last call to approve any changes, all comments 
suggesting changes in the draft should be made to the list and accompanied 
by suggested new text.  This way, the wg can see and comment on suggested 
changes so we won't need ANY MORE LAST CALLs on this document.

The substantive changed text occurs in Section 6.3.  All changes can be 
seen at

http://tools.ietf.org/rfcdiff?difftype=--hwdiff&url2=http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-14.txt


--Sandy

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WG Chair Hat OFF

Since Sandy's Last Call on this document there have been a few changes  
to the document which I should note here.

The first set of changes concerns the revision from -13 to -14 (http://smakd.potaroo.net/cgi-bin/htmlwdiff?f1=..%2fall-ids%2fdraft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-14.txt&f2=..%2fall-ids%2fdraft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-13.txt 
)

Following advice from Steve Kent, the section on Trust Anchors was
revised (section 6). The change has concerned the terminology used to
described the various structures proposed in the TA model.

Other changes include typography, and some clarification regarding the
treatment of signed objects and EE certificates with key rollover.

The -14 rev of the document was submitted to the drafts repository on
the 25th October.

I have prepared a -15 rev of the document to address a couple of other
concerns that appeared after the draft cut off date. This document is
at: http://www.potaroo.net/drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-15.txt
until the draft submission process reopens in a couple of weeks.

The differences are:

a) consistent use of OID labels (GeneralNames, accessMethod,
     accessLocation) throughout the document

b) typo referring to id-ad-rpkiManifest

c) redraft part of section 3.9.7

old:
    When an EE certificate is intended for use in verifying multiple
    objects, EE certificate MUST include in the SIA an access method OID
    of id-ad-rpkiManifest, where the associated access location refers  
to
    the publication point of the objects that are verified using this EE
    certificate.


new:
    When an EE certificate is intended for use in verifying multiple
    objects, EE certificate MUST include in the SIA an accessMethod OID
    of id-ad-rpkiManifest, where the associated accessLocation refers
    to the EE's published manifest object as an object URL.

d) provide a new example certificate in Appendix that conforms to the  
spec!

new:

    The following is an example Resource Certificate.

    Certificate Name: 9JfgAEcq7Q-47IwMC5CJIJr6EJs.cer

    Data:
      Version: 3 (0x2(
      Serial: 1500 (0x5dc)
      Signature Algorithm: SHA256WithRSEEncryption
      Issuer: CN=APNIC Production-CVPQSgUkLy7pOXdNeVWGvnFX_0s
      Validity
       Not Before: Oct 25 12:50:00 2008 GMT
        Not After : Jan 31 00:00:00 2010 GMT
      Subject: CN=A91872ED
      Subject Public Key Info:
        Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
        RSA Public Key: (2048 bit)
        Modulus (2048 bit):
          00:bb:fb:4a:af:a4:b9:dc:d0:fa:6f:67:cc:27:39:
          34:d1:80:40:37:de:88:d1:64:a2:f1:b3:fa:c6:7f:
          bb:51:df:e1:c7:13:92:c3:c8:a2:aa:8c:d1:11:b3:
          aa:99:c0:ac:54:d3:65:83:c6:13:bf:0d:9f:33:2d:
          39:9f:ab:5f:cd:a3:e9:a1:fb:80:7d:1d:d0:2b:48:
          a5:55:e6:24:1f:06:41:35:1d:00:da:1f:99:85:13:
          26:39:24:c5:9a:81:15:98:fb:5f:f9:84:38:e5:d6:
          70:ce:5a:02:ca:dd:61:85:b3:43:2d:0b:35:d5:91:
          98:9d:da:1e:0f:c2:f6:97:b7:97:3e:e6:fc:c1:c4:
          3f:30:c4:81:03:25:99:09:4c:e2:4a:85:e7:46:4b:
          60:63:02:43:46:51:4d:ed:fd:a1:06:84:f1:4e:98:
          32:da:27:ee:80:82:d4:6b:cf:31:ea:21:af:6f:bd:
          70:34:e9:3f:d7:e4:24:cd:b8:e0:0f:8e:80:eb:11:
          1f:bc:c5:7e:05:8e:5c:7b:96:26:f8:2c:17:30:7d:
          08:9e:a4:72:66:f5:ca:23:2b:f2:ce:54:ec:4d:d9:
          d9:81:72:80:19:95:57:da:91:00:d9:b1:e8:8c:33:
          4a:9d:3c:4a:94:bf:74:4c:30:72:9b:1e:f5:8b:00:
          4d:e3
        Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
      X509v3 extensions:
        X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
          F4:97:E0:00:47:2A:ED:0F:B8:EC:8C:0C:0B:90:89:
          20:9A:FA:10:9B

        X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
          keyid:09:53:D0:4A:05:24:2F:2E:E9:39:77:4D:79:
          55:86:BE:71:57:FF:4B

        X509v3 Key Usage: critical
          Certificate Sign, CRL Sign

        X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
          CA:TRUE

        X509v3 CRL Distribution Points:
          URI:rsync://rpki.apnic.net/repository/A3C38A24
              D60311DCAB08F31979BDBE39/CVPQSgUkLy7pOXdNe
              VWGvnFX_0s.crl

        Authority Information Access:
           CA Issuers - URI:rsync://rpki.apnic.net/repos
              itory/8BDFC7DED5FD11DCB14CF4B1A703F9B7/CVP
              QSgUkLy7pOXdNeVWGvnFX_0s.cer

        X509v3 Certificate Policies: critical
           Policy: 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.14.2

        Subject Information Access:
           CA Repository - URI:rsync://rpki.apnic.net/mem
               ber_repository/A91872ED/06A83982887911DD81
               3F432B2086D636/
           Manifest - URI:rsync://rpki.apnic.net/member_r
               epository/A91872ED/06A83982887911DD813F432
               B2086D636/9JfgAEcq7Q-47IwMC5CJIJr6EJs.mft

         sbgp-autonomousSysNum: critical
           Autonomous System Numbers:
             24021
             38610
             131072
             131074

         sbgp-ipAddrBlock: critical
           IPv4:
             203.133.248.0/22
             203.147.108.0/23

      Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        51:4c:77:e4:21:64:80:e9:35:30:20:9f:d8:4b:88:60:b8:1f:
        73:24:9d:b5:17:60:65:6a:28:cc:43:4b:68:97:ca:76:07:eb:
        dc:bd:a2:08:3c:8c:56:38:c6:0a:1e:a8:af:f5:b9:42:02:6b:
        77:e0:b1:1c:4a:88:e6:6f:b6:17:d3:59:41:d7:a0:62:86:59:
        29:79:26:76:34:d1:16:2d:75:05:cb:b2:99:bf:ca:c6:68:1b:
        b6:a9:b0:f4:43:2e:df:e3:7f:3c:b3:72:1a:99:fa:5d:94:a1:
        eb:57:9c:9a:2c:87:d6:40:32:c9:ff:a6:54:b8:91:87:fd:90:
        55:ef:12:3e:1e:2e:cf:c5:ea:c3:4c:09:62:4f:88:00:a0:7f:
        cd:67:83:bc:27:e1:74:2c:18:4e:3f:12:1d:ef:29:0f:e3:27:
        00:ce:14:eb:f0:01:f0:36:25:a2:33:a8:c6:2f:31:18:22:30:
        cf:ca:97:43:ed:84:75:53:ab:b7:6c:75:f7:2f:55:5c:2e:82:
        0a:be:91:59:bf:c9:06:ef:bb:b4:a2:71:9e:03:b1:25:8e:29:
        7a:30:88:66:b4:f2:16:6e:df:ad:78:ff:d3:b2:9c:29:48:e3:
        be:87:5c:fc:20:2b:df:da:ca:30:58:c3:04:c9:63:72:48:8c:
        0a:5f:97:71


    Geoff

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On Fri, 24 Oct 2008, Terry Manderson wrote:

> I was re-reading draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-13 to get something clear in my 
> head about SIA values and I got wildly side-tracked.
>
> in section 1, it says:
>
> "In the context of the public Internet, and the use of public number 
> resources within this context, it is intended that Resource Certificates are 
> used in a manner that is explicitly aligned to the public number resource 
> distribution function"
>
> My impression is that the allocation chain goes IANA->RIR->NIR/LIR->ORG. And 
> for legacy space there is a IANA->ORG structure. That is the way public 
> numbers are distributed, yes?
>
> Wouldn't/Shouldn't there be a request for IANA to sign over "stuff" in the 
> IANA considerations section? (or have I got the purpose of that section 
> completely wrong?)

One clarification in res-cert-14 (section 1, page 4-5) indicates:


    While this profile describes the structure of a default Trust Anchor
    for this PKI, Relying Parties (RPs) in this PKI are free to select
    the trust anchors upon which they rely, and thus the PKI as viewed by
    RPs need not match the public resource allocation hierarchy as
    described here.

So while the intent of the RPKI is to mirror the allocation hierarchy, the 
relying party may select a trust anchor that is not the IANA, so the RPKI 
mirrors only the allocation relationship of the public resource allocation 
hierarchy, not necessarily the tree itself with IANA at the apex.


There's no requirement that IANA sign anything (or any requirement that 
any other part of the existing public resource allocation hierarchy sign 
anything), so there's no need for an IANA considerations section.

Does that clear up your question?

--Sandy


>
> Apologies for the newbie-ness of the question.
>
> Terry
> Speaking for Terry, I don't get to speak for anyone else.. and sometimes not 
> even me! (just don't ask ;)
> _______________________________________________
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WG Co-Chair hat _OFF_

Sandy,

The authors of these two drafts now believe that all SIDR WG comments  
have been integrated into these documents, and there are no further  
outstanding comments to be addressed.

Accordingly, we would like to request that you conduct a WG Last Call  
for these documents in order to ensure that the WG is now comfortable  
with these documents and all comments have been made, and to assess  
whether the WG is now ready to move these two documents to the IESG  
for IESG review.

regards,

   Geoff


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> The authors of these two drafts now believe that all SIDR WG comments
> have been integrated into these documents

only withdrawal of the bogons draft would address my comments

randy
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On 12/11/2008, at 9:41 AM, Randy Bush wrote:

>> The authors of these two drafts now believe that all SIDR WG comments
>> have been integrated into these documents
>
> only withdrawal of the bogons draft would address my comments
>
> randy

I believe the BOA draft documents a structure which is going to be  
very useful in the partial deployment world of the RPKI, especially,  
partial deployments of origination attestation.

Its going to allow relying parties to tell the difference between a  
bogon, and an as-yet un-attested route object. Thats documented in the  
validation draft.

The BOA is closely modelled on the ROA. Its logical structure,  
associated certification processes, CMS representation, are all close  
analogues. I fail to see a structural criticism which is valid, which  
does not also go to the ROA, which you seem (from other comments) to  
accept as a useful structure.

-George

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George Michaelson wrote:
> 
> On 12/11/2008, at 9:41 AM, Randy Bush wrote:
> 
>>> The authors of these two drafts now believe that all SIDR WG comments
>>> have been integrated into these documents
>>
>> only withdrawal of the bogons draft would address my comments
>>
>> randy
> 
> I believe the BOA draft documents a structure which is going to be very
> useful in the partial deployment world of the RPKI, especially, partial
> deployments of origination attestation.
> 
> Its going to allow relying parties to tell the difference between a
> bogon, and an as-yet un-attested route object. Thats documented in the
> validation draft.
> 
> The BOA is closely modelled on the ROA. Its logical structure,
> associated certification processes, CMS representation, are all close
> analogues. I fail to see a structural criticism which is valid, which
> does not also go to the ROA, which you seem (from other comments) to
> accept as a useful structure.

i believe you believe all that.  this does not alter one iota that the
new draft does not address my comment.

the security model of the boa is seriously flawed.  it mixes a negative
model with the existing positive one.  this will vastly complicate
things and to little utility.

randy
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On 12/11/2008, at 11:40 AM, Randy Bush wrote:

> George Michaelson wrote:
>>
>> On 12/11/2008, at 9:41 AM, Randy Bush wrote:
>>
>>>> The authors of these two drafts now believe that all SIDR WG  
>>>> comments
>>>> have been integrated into these documents
>>>
>>> only withdrawal of the bogons draft would address my comments
>>>
>>> randy
>>
>> I believe the BOA draft documents a structure which is going to be  
>> very
>> useful in the partial deployment world of the RPKI, especially,  
>> partial
>> deployments of origination attestation.
>>
>> Its going to allow relying parties to tell the difference between a
>> bogon, and an as-yet un-attested route object. Thats documented in  
>> the
>> validation draft.
>>
>> The BOA is closely modelled on the ROA. Its logical structure,
>> associated certification processes, CMS representation, are all close
>> analogues. I fail to see a structural criticism which is valid, which
>> does not also go to the ROA, which you seem (from other comments) to
>> accept as a useful structure.
>
> i believe you believe all that.  this does not alter one iota that the
> new draft does not address my comment.
>
> the security model of the boa is seriously flawed.  it mixes a  
> negative
> model with the existing positive one.  this will vastly complicate
> things and to little utility.

WG Chair hat off

So to head away from generalities, what parts of either draft are the  
issue here? The BOA draft is essentially a mirror of the ROA draft so  
I assume that the BOA draft is in and of itself. The interpretation  
and use of the BOA and ROA are described in the ROA Validation draft.  
What parts of that draft present such vast complications?

I would also be interested to learn whether this is a common concern  
or not and also interested to learn what other meaningful options  
relying parties have in a world of partial deployment, because, as it  
stands without BOAs, a world of ROAs and the absence of ROAS is pretty  
much completely useless in terms of relying parties being able to  
detect a routing lie.



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Hi Randy,

On 12/11/2008, at 10:40 AM, Randy Bush wrote:
>
> the security model of the boa is seriously flawed.  it mixes a  
> negative
> model with the existing positive one.  this will vastly complicate
> things and to little utility.
>

As I see it the BOA draft introduces and allows for the reality of  
several shades of routing intent, as exists on the internet today and  
will also exist in the future, but adds a strong level of  
predictability. Certainly it does add an additional function that you  
could argue as complexity - however I see benefits of the BOA as we  
have cases that don't fall into a singularly positive stance (and  
logically what is not positive - is negative).

Progressing through the world of a partial deployment (thinking that  
is the only level of deployment we will probably ever see) there are  
states of, 'must route', 'must not route' and the horrible greyness of  
local relying party' policy mixed with various resources that compound  
the corner cases.

We know 'must route' is well understood, and using a singularly  
positive stance that implies everything else is negative or black, or  
grey-ish as mixed with local policy.

Having the BOA provides for the 'must not route', eg reserved  
resources, unallocated resources, and prefixes that a publishing  
entity simply does not want routed on the internet (a way to enforce  
their own policy transcending configuration errors). So even when  
mixed with local policy it also provides for a clean line of fairly  
universal and well known bogon behaviours that can't go stale.

What it further allows, is the greyness of global anycast prefixes  
(somewhat known as problem resources in RPKI) like 6to4, and AS23456  
(AS-TRANS). Here the prefix can fall nicely into a grey area by not  
having a ROA, and not having a BOA. The concerns of local policy  
become much simpler on weather to accept this route or not regardless  
of who announces the resource.


Terry
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Thu Nov 13 20:20:14 2008
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In looking at the BGP security requirements document,

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-rpsec-bgpsecrec-10.txt

I find these points (for instance):


4.2.  Incremental deployment

"Any proposed solution MUST support an incremental
   deployment which will provide some benefit for those who  
participate."

"In an environment where both secured and non-secured systems are
      interoperating a mechanism MUST exist for secured systems to
      identify whether an originator intended the information to be
      secured."

This language is very strong guidance that we need both partial  
deployment
technology, and mechanisms to allow the ORIGINATOR to say if its  
covered or not.

In that sense, a BOA is a strong statement by the prefix owner they  
intend all
more specifics to be covered by explicit security, ie casual more  
specifics without
ROA are being actively dis-allowed. I do not see methods using the ROA  
alone which
can convey this, with the same purpose or precision.

The ROA validation draft:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt

has:


3.  Applying Validation Outcomes to BGP Route Selection

(second para)

   In the case of partial deployment of ROAs there are a very limited
   set of circumstances where the outcome of ROA validation can be used
   as grounds to reject all consideration of the route object as an
   invalid advertisement.  While the presence of a valid ROA that
   matches the advertisement is a strong indication that an
   advertisement matches the authority provided by the prefix holder to
   advertise the prefix into the routing system, the absence of a ROA or
   the invalidity of a covering ROA does not provide a conclusive
   indication that the advertisement has been undertaken without the
   address holder's permission, unless the object is described in a BOA.


I still believe this. I think the BOA substantively adds information  
into the
system about routing security, and I think it is *completely* on- 
charter for us given
the bgpsecrec draft guidance.

-G
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From: Andy Newton <andy@arin.net>
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George,

I do not follow your argument.  Yes, I understand using the BOA to restrict
everything and using more specific ROAs to specify valid IP space.  What I
don't understand is how that helps partial deployment.  In fact, doesn't
this make necessary full deployment?  If a major provider blankets their
space with a BOA, then all the downstreams MUST be covered by ROAs.  Or did
I miss something?

And who is to be in the business of publishing trusted BOAs for bogons?
Seems to me that it would be fraught with peril if they screw it up.

I am not convinced that this is necessary.  But then, it is early and the
coffee hasn't kicked in.

-andy


On 11/13/08 11:20 PM, "George Michaelson" <ggm@apnic.net> wrote:

> In looking at the BGP security requirements document,
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-rpsec-bgpsecrec-10.txt
>
> I find these points (for instance):
>
>
> 4.2.  Incremental deployment
>
> "Any proposed solution MUST support an incremental
>    deployment which will provide some benefit for those who
> participate."
>
> "In an environment where both secured and non-secured systems are
>       interoperating a mechanism MUST exist for secured systems to
>       identify whether an originator intended the information to be
>       secured."
>
> This language is very strong guidance that we need both partial
> deployment
> technology, and mechanisms to allow the ORIGINATOR to say if its
> covered or not.
>
> In that sense, a BOA is a strong statement by the prefix owner they
> intend all
> more specifics to be covered by explicit security, ie casual more
> specifics without
> ROA are being actively dis-allowed. I do not see methods using the ROA
> alone which
> can convey this, with the same purpose or precision.
>
> The ROA validation draft:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
>
> has:
>
>
> 3.  Applying Validation Outcomes to BGP Route Selection
>
> (second para)
>
>    In the case of partial deployment of ROAs there are a very limited
>    set of circumstances where the outcome of ROA validation can be used
>    as grounds to reject all consideration of the route object as an
>    invalid advertisement.  While the presence of a valid ROA that
>    matches the advertisement is a strong indication that an
>    advertisement matches the authority provided by the prefix holder to
>    advertise the prefix into the routing system, the absence of a ROA or
>    the invalidity of a covering ROA does not provide a conclusive
>    indication that the advertisement has been undertaken without the
>    address holder's permission, unless the object is described in a BOA.
>
>
> I still believe this. I think the BOA substantively adds information
> into the
> system about routing security, and I think it is *completely* on-
> charter for us given
> the bgpsecrec draft guidance.
>
> -G
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>

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WG Chair hat off

On 14/11/2008, at 9:58 PM, Andy Newton wrote:

> George,
>
> I do not follow your argument.  Yes, I understand using the BOA to  
> restrict
> everything and using more specific ROAs to specify valid IP space.   
> What I
> don't understand is how that helps partial deployment.  In fact,  
> doesn't
> this make necessary full deployment?  If a major provider blankets  
> their
> space with a BOA, then all the downstreams MUST be covered by ROAs.   
> Or did
> I miss something?

The problem with a model of using only ROAs is that while the presence  
of a ROA that matches a route advertisement can provide the relying  
party some level of reassurance that accepting the route matches the  
intentions of the originator, the absence of a corresponding ROA for a  
route object tells the relying party absolutely nothing. The only way  
the absence of a ROA can be interpreted by a relying party is by  
forcing the relying party to make an assumption about the state of ROA  
use.

One possible answer is that relying parties simply assume that ROAs  
are universally used and any and every route object that does not  
match a currently valid ROA is discarded. I trust you would agree that  
this would be an unwise assumption for a relying party yo make. In a  
world of incremental deployment where only a few prefix holders are  
generating ROAs this assumption would effectively cause a relying  
party to reject all of the (valid) routing table with the exception of  
the set of objects covered by ROAs.  Not good. Even in a world of  
comprehensive deployment this would be an unwise move. Because prefix  
holders essentially publish their own signed objects in a repository  
of their choosing, relying parties, if they wish to avoid using the  
services of RPKI aggregators or middle-agents will need to access wach  
and every repository in order to collect the ROAs and the necessary  
certificate material that is required to validate each ROA. But what  
if the ROA for a prefix is contained in a repository that is located  
at an address that is described in the ROA. i.e. you can't get the ROA  
until you treat the corresponding route object as valid, and you can;t  
treat it as valid until you have the ROA.

The other option is that the relying party assumes that ROAs are not  
universally deployed, and that implies that a relying party must  
assume that there exists valid route objects for which there is no  
corresponding ROA.  In a world of partial deployment where a relying  
party has no idea whether the absence of a ROA indicates an attempted  
routing hijack of the simple absence of a ROA, then the relying party  
really is no better off than if there were no ROAs whatsoever!

So how could this situation be improved for relying parties?

A good example for me in thinking about this has been the YouTube  
hijack at the start of this year. A salient question I asked myslef  
was: what mechanisms could YouTube have used to alert relying parties  
to the unauthorised advertisement of more specifics from a different  
origin AS?

ROAs alone are not a good answer here, in that a ROA does not say what  
is bogus. The only way that ROAs can do this is when a relying party  
is justified in assuming that _absolutely everything_ is covered by a  
ROA. In a world of incremental deployment this assumption does not  
hold, and therefore the absence of a ROA conveys no information at all.

In this case BOAs can assist. Lets say that MeTube has published a ROA  
to allow 10.1.0.0/16, max length=16 to be advertised from origin AS 1,  
and a relying party sees an advertisement for 10.1.1.0/24 originating  
from AS 2 (a hijack attempt). In this case the relying party has no  
grounds to assume that the /24 advertisement is bogus, and will accept  
the advertisement and the hijack will be effective. But what if MeTube  
also published a BOA for 10.1.0.0/16 at the same time as the ROA. Now  
as a ROA "trumps" a BOA then any advertisement for 10.1.0.0/16 with an  
origination of AS 1 will be regarded as valid by a relying party,  
while any other use of 10.1.0.0/16 or any more specific will be  
regarded as bogus.

So, as far as I can tell, BOAs are a simple and effective mechanism to  
allow relying parties to detect attempts at origination hijack even in  
a world of partial use of origination attestations - i.e. they meet  
the criteria of the RPSEC document relating to incremental deployment,  
as referenced in George's message, without relying on comprehensive  
ROA deployment.

Andy, your example is somewhat different, because you posit the  
existence of some intermediate IR that has issued portable address  
space to clients of the service and allows the clients of this space  
to independently announce their address space. In this example your  
comment was that if the IR blankets the space with a BOA then that  
forces the clients to use ROAs to have their independent routes  
treated as valid, if I have got this right. Yes, that would be the  
case, and if the IR did not want that outcome then the IR should not  
issue a BOA in the first place. On the other hand if the IR, being a  
major provider, had a policy that all space allocated by the IR was  
NOT portable address space, then the BOA would be a means to announce  
that provider-dependent routing policy to all others in the inter- 
domain routing cloud.

What I don't see in this example is the leap from this case to the  
conclusion that the potential for prefix holder to publish BOAs  
necessarily implies that prefix holders are _all_ forced to publish  
ROAS, i.e. I don't see how you get to the assertion that "this make[s]  
necessary full deployment" (Where I interpret "full deployment" as the  
situation each and every prefix holder that authorizes routes in to  
the inter-domain routing space is required to publish a ROA.)


>
> And who is to be in the business of publishing trusted BOAs for  
> bogons?
> Seems to me that it would be fraught with peril if they screw it up.
>

Only the certified holder of an address block can generate a BOA. So I  
suppose the answer to your question would depend on your preferred  
interpretation of what is a "bogon".


>  But then, it is early and the
> coffee hasn't kicked in.
>

ditto.

    Geoff

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There have been a few requests for agenda slots, both to discuss updates 
to existing drafts and to discuss new drafts.

I've been generous with time for the presentations, so if there are any 
other requests for agenda slots, they can be accommodated.

Many of the drafts are mature and approaching last call.  So please come 
and pay attention, as later may be too late.

--Sandy
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Thread-Topic: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
	draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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On 11/14/08 3:07 PM, "Geoff Huston" <gih@apnic.net> wrote:

> WG Chair hat off

Minneapolis hat soon to be on!  Brrrrrr.....

>
> One possible answer is that relying parties simply assume that ROAs
> are universally used and any and every route object that does not
> match a currently valid ROA is discarded. I trust you would agree that
> this would be an unwise assumption for a relying party yo make. In a
> world of incremental deployment where only a few prefix holders are
> generating ROAs this assumption would effectively cause a relying
> party to reject all of the (valid) routing table with the exception of
> the set of objects covered by ROAs.  Not good. Even in a world of
> comprehensive deployment this would be an unwise move. Because prefix
> holders essentially publish their own signed objects in a repository
> of their choosing, relying parties, if they wish to avoid using the
> services of RPKI aggregators or middle-agents will need to access wach
> and every repository in order to collect the ROAs and the necessary
> certificate material that is required to validate each ROA. But what
> if the ROA for a prefix is contained in a repository that is located
> at an address that is described in the ROA. i.e. you can't get the ROA
> until you treat the corresponding route object as valid, and you can;t
> treat it as valid until you have the ROA.
>
> The other option is that the relying party assumes that ROAs are not
> universally deployed, and that implies that a relying party must
> assume that there exists valid route objects for which there is no
> corresponding ROA.  In a world of partial deployment where a relying
> party has no idea whether the absence of a ROA indicates an attempted
> routing hijack of the simple absence of a ROA, then the relying party
> really is no better off than if there were no ROAs whatsoever!

This reminds me of the +all/-all,~all SPF wars, where die-hards insisted on
-all but nearly everybody did ~all.

There are likely to be 3 types of route objects:
- those covered by ROAs
- those covered by BOAs (and perhaps a wider BOA)
- those covered by neither

Given that incremental deployment means the Internet will start out with
route objects covered by neither, policy will have to determine what to do
when a route object is not covered by a ROA (the bad situation you mention
above).  BOAs do not get us out of this.

>> And who is to be in the business of publishing trusted BOAs for
>> bogons?
>> Seems to me that it would be fraught with peril if they screw it up.
>>
>
> Only the certified holder of an address block can generate a BOA. So I
> suppose the answer to your question would depend on your preferred
> interpretation of what is a "bogon".

Clear as mud!  But this just re-enforces what I just said.  There will be
route objects not covered by either a BOA or a ROA.

That being said, I'm not gonna fall on my sword over this.  In the end, BOAs
may likely end up like SPF -all, ignored.

-andy

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> There are likely to be 3 types of route objects:
> - those covered by ROAs
> - those covered by BOAs (and perhaps a wider BOA)
> - those covered by neither

and the more painful case, when they are covered by both.

iana issues a boa for 0/0

i announce 0/0 to a bunch of my downstreams

in case any of them do validation, i have to issue a roa for 0/0

where do i publish it?

randy
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WG Chair hat off

On 17/11/2008, at 5:23 AM, Andy Newton wrote:
>
> Given that incremental deployment means the Internet will start out  
> with
> route objects covered by neither, policy will have to determine what  
> to do
> when a route object is not covered by a ROA (the bad situation you  
> mention
> above).  BOAs do not get us out of this.
>

You may want to read through draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation. The draft  
has details of this  - section 2 of the document goes through the case.




>>> And who is to be in the business of publishing trusted BOAs for
>>> bogons?
>>> Seems to me that it would be fraught with peril if they screw it up.
>>>
>>
>> Only the certified holder of an address block can generate a BOA.  
>> So I
>> suppose the answer to your question would depend on your preferred
>> interpretation of what is a "bogon".
>
> Clear as mud!  But this just re-enforces what I just said.  There  
> will be
> route objects not covered by either a BOA or a ROA.
>


of course - but the objective here is incremental capabilities that  
increase the levels of assurance that is available to relying parties  
to allow them to make reasonable decisions about what they can reject  
and how they can apply relative preference to route objects.

Geoff

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WG Chair hat off

On 17/11/2008, at 5:32 AM, Randy Bush wrote:

>> There are likely to be 3 types of route objects:
>> - those covered by ROAs
>> - those covered by BOAs (and perhaps a wider BOA)
>> - those covered by neither
>
> and the more painful case, when they are covered by both.
>
> iana issues a boa for 0/0

This appears to be a very fanciful notion to me.

>
>
> i announce 0/0 to a bunch of my downstreams
>
> in case any of them do validation, i have to issue a roa for 0/0
>
> where do i publish it?

wherever you want - assuming that some relying party has chosen to use  
the certificate you issue as a TA.



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>> iana issues a boa for 0/0
> This appears to be a very fanciful notion to me.

it was iana's first intent, and, from an ops pov, dead obvious.  see rfc
3330.

>> i announce 0/0 to a bunch of my downstreams
>> in case any of them do validation, i have to issue a roa for 0/0
>> where do i publish it?
> wherever you want - assuming that some relying party has chosen to use
> the certificate you issue as a TA.

i just don't think i want to be authoritative for 0/0.  and i do not
think we want a hundred or two roas for 0/0 in the public rpki.

boas are not a path that is prudent to follow.

randy

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WG Chair Hat OFF

On 17/11/2008, at 6:49 AM, Randy Bush wrote:

>>> iana issues a boa for 0/0
>> This appears to be a very fanciful notion to me.
>
> it was iana's first intent, and, from an ops pov, dead obvious.  see  
> rfc
> 3330.
>

Either your copy of RFC3330 is different from my copy of RFC3330, or  
you are putting an interpretation on the white spaces in that document  
that entirely unobvious and opaque to me. I can't see IANA claiming in  
RFC3330 that 0/0 is a bogon. Do you want me to send you my copy of  
RFC3330 to check that we are referring to the same document here?


>>> i announce 0/0 to a bunch of my downstreams
>>> in case any of them do validation, i have to issue a roa for 0/0
>>> where do i publish it?
>> wherever you want - assuming that some relying party has chosen to  
>> use
>> the certificate you issue as a TA.
>
> i just don't think i want to be authoritative for 0/0.

the choice of TAs is a relying party choice - You can do whatever you  
want and unless I am prepared to nominate your assertions as something  
I, as a relying party, am prepared to trust, then whatever you chose  
to do is your problem.


>  and i do not
> think we want a hundred or two roas for 0/0 in the public rpki.

I think you may have a basic misunderstanding of the trust model for  
this PKI - your use of the term "in the public RPKI" conjoined with "a  
hundred or two roas for 0/0" is a somewhat fanciful conjunction,  
unless of course you are advocating that relying parties use a  
universal acceptance policy for nominated TAs, in which case the  
entire concept of a "public RPKI" is a complete waste of time.

>
>
> boas are not a path that is prudent to follow.
>

So you are claiming. Others have different views and have backed them  
up with documents and reasoning to support their views.





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On Nov 14, 2008, at 1:07 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>
> A good example for me in thinking about this has been the YouTube  
> hijack at the start of this year. A salient question I asked myslef  
> was: what mechanisms could YouTube have used to alert relying  
> parties to the unauthorised advertisement of more specifics from a  
> different origin AS?
>
> ROAs alone are not a good answer here, in that a ROA does not say  
> what is bogus.

But does the existence of a ROA, with origin authorization not
make this implicit enough?

> The only way that ROAs can do this is when a relying party is  
> justified in assuming that _absolutely everything_ is covered by a  
> ROA. In a world of incremental deployment this assumption does not  
> hold, and therefore the absence of a ROA conveys no information at  
> all.
>
> In this case BOAs can assist. Lets say that MeTube has published a  
> ROA to allow 10.1.0.0/16, max length=16 to be advertised from origin  
> AS 1, and a relying party sees an advertisement for 10.1.1.0/24  
> originating from AS 2 (a hijack attempt). In this case the relying  
> party has no grounds to assume that the /24 advertisement is bogus,  
> and will accept the advertisement and the hijack will be effective.  
> But what if MeTube also published a BOA for 10.1.0.0/16 at the same  
> time as the ROA. Now as a ROA "trumps" a BOA then any advertisement  
> for 10.1.0.0/16 with an origination of AS 1 will be regarded as  
> valid by a relying party, while any other use of 10.1.0.0/16 or any  
> more specific will be regarded as bogus.

So wouldn't this mean that in the current model everyone would publish
ROAs and BOAs?  Do we really want that?  Perhaps I'm missing something
here?

-danny
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WG chair hat off

On 17/11/2008, at 10:28 AM, Danny McPherson wrote:

>
> On Nov 14, 2008, at 1:07 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>>
>> A good example for me in thinking about this has been the YouTube  
>> hijack at the start of this year. A salient question I asked myslef  
>> was: what mechanisms could YouTube have used to alert relying  
>> parties to the unauthorised advertisement of more specifics from a  
>> different origin AS?
>>
>> ROAs alone are not a good answer here, in that a ROA does not say  
>> what is bogus.
>
> But does the existence of a ROA, with origin authorization not
> make this implicit enough?


I assume you are referring to the situation where, for example, a ROA  
exists for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 1, and NO ROA exists for 10.1.0.0/16  
origin AS2, and you are seeing a route object for 10.1.0.0/16 with  
origin AS 2, yes?

The problem is that as a relying party you can't tell whether the  
problem is with the retrieval of ROA objects or whether the route  
object is bogus. i.e. what if the ROA for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 2 was  
published a few seconds ago, whereas your local cache of ROA objects  
was last refreshed a day ago.  i.e. everything you have at hand is  
valid, the manifests are good, and you are seeing something that is  
not oin a locally held ROA, _but_ it is still valid.

If there was also a BOA published for 10.1.0.0/16 then as a relying  
party you now have grounds to believe that anything not described in a  
valid ROA can be regarded as an invalid object. In this case there is  
still the issue of time lag, and if the prefix holder had intended to  
authorize 10.1.0.0/16 using AS 2 as an origination in addition to AS1  
then it would be incumbent on the prefix holder to generate and  
publish the new ROA well in advance of the advertisement of the new  
route.

Of course there is also the other case where AS 1 insists on a ROA as  
a precondition for originating the route, and AS 2 does not, and the  
prefix holder performs only what is required and no more. In this case  
both routes are valid, but only one as a ROA. In tis case the problem  
is not one of  timing at the relying party side, and will not be  
resolved by bring the relying party into sync with the authority  
publisher.

>
>
>> The only way that ROAs can do this is when a relying party is  
>> justified in assuming that _absolutely everything_ is covered by a  
>> ROA. In a world of incremental deployment this assumption does not  
>> hold, and therefore the absence of a ROA conveys no information at  
>> all.
>>
>> In this case BOAs can assist. Lets say that MeTube has published a  
>> ROA to allow 10.1.0.0/16, max length=16 to be advertised from  
>> origin AS 1, and a relying party sees an advertisement for  
>> 10.1.1.0/24 originating from AS 2 (a hijack attempt). In this case  
>> the relying party has no grounds to assume that the /24  
>> advertisement is bogus, and will accept the advertisement and the  
>> hijack will be effective. But what if MeTube also published a BOA  
>> for 10.1.0.0/16 at the same time as the ROA. Now as a ROA "trumps"  
>> a BOA then any advertisement for 10.1.0.0/16 with an origination of  
>> AS 1 will be regarded as valid by a relying party, while any other  
>> use of 10.1.0.0/16 or any more specific will be regarded as bogus.
>
> So wouldn't this mean that in the current model everyone would publish
> ROAs and BOAs?  Do we really want that?  Perhaps I'm missing something
> here?
>

Well if relying parties could safely assume that _everyone_ was  
publishing ROAs then there would be no need for BOAs as the absence of  
a positive authority in the form of a ROA could be reliably inferred  
to be unauthorized. But in a world where that assumption does not  
hold, and where there is incremental partial deployment of publication  
of these origination credentials, when relying parties cannot assume  
that the absence of a positive authority means anything at all. All it  
means is that if the route object matches the ROA then its been  
authorized by the prefix holder. But if there is no matching ROA then  
the relying party cannot assume anything at all.

The problem here is similar to the problem of filter generation: There  
is a qualitative difference in these two statements:

"I give my authority for AS 1 to advertise a route object for  
10.1.0.0/16"

"I give my authority for AS1 and only AS1 to advertise a route object  
for 10.1.0.0/16"

If you want the second statement, then we either need to change the  
ROA to offer closure ("i.e. include "any only") or introduce a new  
object that allows the authorizing party to state the "and only" part  
explicitly). I contend that leaving this part of the authority as  
something implicit that relying parties may or may not choose to infer  
from the authority is a compromised model, imho.

So the BOA is a way of implementing the RPSEC requirement of being  
able to support environments of incremental deployment, where it is not
assured that everyone is publishing these authorities. Now if you are  
of the view that the requirement of devising mechanisms to support  
incremental piecemeal deployment is daft or unnecessary, then perhaps  
this is a debate that in the IETF context should be held in the  
context of the RPSEC WG, as the SIDR requirement here is one that was  
gather up from the earlier RPSEC work and generate mechanisms that met  
those requirements as stated in the RPSEC documents.


regards,

Geoff

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On Nov 6, 2008, at 2:03 PM, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>
> One clarification in res-cert-14 (section 1, page 4-5) indicates:
>
>
>   While this profile describes the structure of a default Trust Anchor
>   for this PKI, Relying Parties (RPs) in this PKI are free to select
>   the trust anchors upon which they rely, and thus the PKI as viewed  
> by
>   RPs need not match the public resource allocation hierarchy as
>   described here.
>
> So while the intent of the RPKI is to mirror the allocation hierarchy,

Is it?

> the relying party may select a trust anchor that is not the IANA, so  
> the RPKI mirrors only the allocation relationship of the public  
> resource allocation hierarchy, not necessarily the tree itself with  
> IANA at the apex.
>
> There's no requirement that IANA sign anything (or any requirement  
> that any other part of the existing public resource allocation  
> hierarchy sign anything), so there's no need for an IANA  
> considerations section.
>
> Does that clear up your question?

This discussion, and that of BOAs et al. have me wondering if we
shouldn't be talking more about where that apex falls, and if it's
one or six, and the implications of all these things, as they're
sure to have considerable impact on operational and deployability
work we do here.

I believe there are indeed considerable IANA implications in this
discussion and this is something that needs to be well understood
when architecting solutions in this area.

With that, I'm quite interested in understanding any perspectives
folks are willing to provide.

Thanks!

-danny
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> I believe there are indeed considerable IANA implications in this
> discussion and this is something that needs to be well understood
> when architecting solutions in this area.

perhaps, given the origin of the document, an iana hating section would
be more expected.

there are only two parties with authority to say publicly what is or is
not route-able, the iana, who owns all the special kink, and the public
holder of the space in question.  this seems trivially obvious.

in addition, if there are private routing domains, then there are likely
to be corresponding trust systems.  as these exceptions will have to be
manually configured, the anathema of the wise operator, it would seem
prudent to minimize their occurrence.

> With that, I'm quite interested in understanding any perspectives
> folks are willing to provide.

the iana is the root of the allocation tree.  hence it should be the
root of rpki trust.  this is also trivially obvious.  it is just not
acceptable to some folk who focus on power as opposed to technology.  i
assume they will not be getting their next /8 from the iana.

but pig wrestling <http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wrestling_with_a_pig>
is futile and boring.

randy
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Inter-Domain Routing Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : A Profile for X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates
	Author(s)       : G. Huston, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-15.txt
	Pages           : 44
	Date            : 2008-11-17

This document defines a standard profile for X.509 certificates for
the purposes of supporting validation of assertions of "right-of-use"
of an Internet Number Resource (IP Addresses and Autonomous System
Numbers).  This profile is used to convey the issuer's authorization
of the subject to be regarded as the current holder of a "right-of-
use" of the IP addresses and AS numbers that are described in the
issued certificate.

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http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-15.txt

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draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02 contains a number of things that are either 
inconsistent or where I found it difficult to determine the intent. 
While some examples are discussed below and can be addressed 
piecemeal, I think it would be more effective to address them through 
a comprehensive re-editting of the document, looking to simplify the 
language and make it significantly more readable.  Accordingly, I do 
not think this document is ready for WGLC.


Item 1: May BOAs be issued only by RIRs or also by entities further down the 
heirarchy?  From section 1:

    "This document defines an application of the Resource Public Key
    Infrastructure (RPKI) to validate the attestations of INTERNET
    REGISTERIES that certain addresses are currently neither allocated
    nor assigned to any party,..." (emphasis added)

Yet section 4 says:

    "ANY PARTY with a validly assigned Internet resource set and a CA
    certificate that describes this delegation can publish a BOA,
    independently of the actions of the actions of the party that
    assigned the resource set." (emphasis added)


Item 2:  Why must a BOA contain both ASNs and addresses?  Section 2.1.3.2:

    "The content of a BOA identifies a list of one or more AS's and one
    or more IP address prefixes..."


Item 3:  Reading the document the first time, I was very confused by 
section 5, in part because the second paragraph, which talks about 
AS's, and the third paragraph, which talks about addresses, looked so 
similar.  Just to help the reader, I suggest adding two subsections, 
one referring to AS's, the other to addresses or prefixes.  Perhaps 
add a sentence referring to the differences (e.g., that AS's listed in 
a BOA may be regarded as bogons even if ROAs list those ASs, but ROAs 
take precendence over BOAs when it comes to addresses.)

Furthermore, I'm not sure the addresses section (the third paragraph) 
is complete.  When a BOA referes to an address block that's more 
specific than one in the ROA, which takes precedence?  (It looks like 
the ROA, but I got lost somewhere in the six-line sentence.)


In general, I found this document harder to read than most i-d's, and 
I suspect part of it is due to the terminology.  I hope the editors 
will look for ways to improved the terminology, substituting shorter 
names when possible.  At the very least, change the name of BOAs so 
that there's more visual difference from "ROA".  While not technically 
substantive, such readability improvements may make it easier for 
others to review the document.  And given the confusions above, I 
think more review is sorely needed.

-- Sam

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Hi,

Some comments:

1) Section 2.5: I believe we should remove the reference to DNSSEC  
root key signing in section 2.5, different scenario here and there.

2) Section 2.6: I would like that the last paragraph from section 2.5  
be included in this section, because de "various registry" space is  
the "ERX space". Also, In the figure 1, I know it is just an example  
but LACNIC only has ERX space from /8 where ARIN and APNIC are  
majority, so just to keep it "real" I will suggest replacing RIPE by  
APNIC.

3) Trust Anchor Material. I believe we agreed to include the  
description of the trust anchor material in the arch document, I cant  
find it here. Is it though for a new revision?

Regards,
r.




On Nov 3, 2008, at 3:45 PM, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:

> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts  
> directories.
> This draft is a work item of the Secure Inter-Domain Routing Working  
> Group of the IETF.
>
>
> 	Title           : An Infrastructure to Support Secure Internet  
> Routing
> 	Author(s)       : M. Lepinski, S. Kent
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-arch-04.txt
> 	Pages           : 27
> 	Date            : 2008-11-03
>
> This document describes an architecture for an infrastructure to
> support improved security of Internet routing. The foundation of this
> architecture is a public key infrastructure (PKI) that represents the
> allocation hierarchy of IP address space and Autonomous System
> Numbers; and a distributed repository system for storing and
> disseminating the data objects that comprise the PKI, as well as
>
>
> other signed objects necessary for improved routing security. As an
> initial application of this architecture, the document describes how
> a holder of IP address space can explicitly and verifiably authorize
> one or more ASes to originate routes to that address space. Such
> verifiable authorizations could be used, for example, to more
> securely construct BGP route filters.
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-arch-04.txt
>
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>
> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
> Internet-Draft.
> <mime-attachment>_______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hi,<div><br></div><div>Some =
comments:</div><div><br></div><div>1) Section 2.5: I believe we should =
remove the reference to DNSSEC root key signing in section 2.5, =
different scenario here and there.</div><div><br></div><div>2) Section =
2.6: I would like that the last paragraph from section 2.5 be included =
in this section, because de "various registry" space is the "ERX space". =
Also, In the figure 1, I know it is just an example but LACNIC only has =
ERX space from /8 where ARIN and APNIC are majority, so just to keep it =
"real" I will suggest replacing RIPE by =
APNIC.</div><div><br></div><div>3) Trust Anchor Material. I believe we =
agreed to include the description of the trust anchor material in the =
arch document, I cant find it here. Is it though for a new =
revision?</div><div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>r.</div><div><br></d=
iv><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br><div><div>On Nov 3, 2008, at =
3:45 PM, <a =
href=3D"mailto:Internet-Drafts@ietf.org">Internet-Drafts@ietf.org</a> =
wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line =
Internet-Drafts directories.<br>This draft is a work item of the Secure =
Inter-Domain Routing Working Group of the IETF.<br><br><br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Title =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: An =
Infrastructure to Support Secure Internet Routing<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Author(s) =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: M. Lepinski, S. Kent<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Filename =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: =
draft-ietf-sidr-arch-04.txt<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Pages =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: =
27<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>Date =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: =
2008-11-03<br><br>This document describes an architecture for an =
infrastructure to <br>support improved security of Internet routing. The =
foundation of this <br>architecture is a public key infrastructure (PKI) =
that represents the <br>allocation hierarchy of IP address space and =
Autonomous System <br>Numbers; and a distributed repository system for =
storing and <br>disseminating the data objects that comprise the PKI, as =
well as <br><br><br> other signed objects necessary for improved routing =
security. As an <br>initial application of this architecture, the =
document describes how <br>a holder of IP address space can explicitly =
and verifiably authorize <br>one or more ASes to originate routes to =
that address space. Such <br>verifiable authorizations could be used, =
for example, to more <br>securely construct BGP route filters.<br><br>A =
URL for this Internet-Draft is:<br><a =
href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-arch-04.txt">h=
ttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-arch-04.txt</a><br><br>=
Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:<br><a =
href=3D"ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/">ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-d=
rafts/</a><br><br>Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant =
mail reader<br>implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII =
version of =
the<br>Internet-Draft.<br><span>&lt;mime-attachment></span>_______________=
________________________________<br>sidr mailing =
list<br>sidr@ietf.org<br>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr<br></d=
iv></blockquote></div><br></div></body></html>=

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_______________________________________________
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Subject: [sidr] Two ROA Format issues from the meeting
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Two issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF 73:

1) Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with 
overlapping prefixes?
(E.g. A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8, 10.10/16 and 
10.20/16)

2) Should the ROA Format draft prohibit the use of the "Inherit" Flag in 
the RFC 3779 IP Address extension of the EE certificate corresponding to 
the ROA?

In both cases, implementors have claimed that the prohibition would 
improve implementation efficiency and/or ease of coding/testing. The 
trade off is that in certain cases such prohibitations would require 
putting additional bits in the repository (I.e. in the first case, an 
ISP may sometimes need to issue an additional ROA; and in the second 
case, some ISPs may need to create larger EE certificates).

I don't have a strong opinion, although my inclination is towards 
writing both of these prohibitions into the document. In any case, I'd 
very much like to resolve these issues quickly. (Since I believe that 
the ROA Format draft is otherwise ready for last call).

- Matt Lepinski

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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Nov 17 13:40:28 2008
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WG Chair hat off

On 18/11/2008, at 8:01 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:

> Two issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF 73:
>
> 1) Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with  
> overlapping prefixes?
> (E.g. A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8, 10.10/16  
> and 10.20/16)

What do you mean by overlap Matt?

a) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=9 and 10.0.0.0/24 maxlength=24

or

b) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=24 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16

or

c) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=17 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=24

seems to me that b) is the only case where the second item is  
completely subsumed by the first, yet all three contain "overlapping  
prefixes"

It also seems to me that all these cases are essentially harmless.

My opinion is NOT to put this prohibition into the document, assuming  
of course that there is some clarity over what is meant precisely by  
"overlapping prefixes" in the first place

   Geoff



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Just to reiterate and expand upon my comments on the
presentation John gave on this draft in SIDR today..

In short, I like the idea as it seems like a viable
stepping stone to employ the work SIDR has been doing
for a while now.

I look forward to newer versions of this work, and
believe it should be adopted under the SIDR WG, with
charter update if need be.

-danny

---

A few specific things:

1) AS path origin-based policies alone are insufficient,
as any targeted attack could most easily spoof the origin
AS.

2) When I brought up the issue about targeted attacks
John said this is meant to accommodate the 80/20 rule
with route leaks, etc.  When routes are leaked, which
appears to be the most common 'hijack' case today, the
origin is preserved.  This wouldn't necessarily protect
against that.

3) No inherent ability in the current validation modes
to prefer shorter validated prefixes over longer non-
validated ones means that most hijacks would still prefer
the hijacked more-specific prefix.  Most actual hijacks,
and even leaks such as the YouTube incident, are from
more specific prefixes and given preference.

4) Requiring implementations to store prefixes in their
respective Adj-RIB-In, even if they've been filtered,
such that they're available if policies changes, is a
bad idea.  Instead, as Jeff suggested at the microphone,
employing route refresh in these scenarios would be
much more scalable.

E.g., in the case of CTBC last week there were like
267k prefixes leaked that would have been stored and
filtered, were these capabilities in place.  This could
easily become a DOS vector itself.


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Geoff,

My understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the proposed 
prohibition would cover all three cases that you list below. The 
proposal was raised by Rob Kisteleki and Rob Austein, so I defer to 
either of them who would like to clarify.

Either way, it seems to be a small issue, and so I'm inclined to do 
whatever makes implementation of the spec easiest.

- Matt Lepinski

Geoff Huston wrote:

> WG Chair hat off
>
> On 18/11/2008, at 8:01 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:
>
>> Two issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF 73:
>>
>> 1) Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with  
>> overlapping prefixes?
>> (E.g. A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8, 10.10/16  
>> and 10.20/16)
>
>
> What do you mean by overlap Matt?
>
> a) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=9 and 10.0.0.0/24 maxlength=24
>
> or
>
> b) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=24 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16
>
> or
>
> c) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=17 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=24
>
> seems to me that b) is the only case where the second item is  
> completely subsumed by the first, yet all three contain "overlapping  
> prefixes"
>
> It also seems to me that all these cases are essentially harmless.
>
> My opinion is NOT to put this prohibition into the document, assuming  
> of course that there is some clarity over what is meant precisely by  
> "overlapping prefixes" in the first place
>
>   Geoff
>
>
>
>


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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Nov 17 14:35:06 2008
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> My understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the proposed
> prohibition would cover all three cases that you list below.

yep.  i would just say prohibit please except ...

ruediger was the only user/rp to express concerns.  so i would like to
have a chance to discuss further with him before finalizing.  and, of
course, to hear from any other roa producers/consumers.

randy
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Hi,

I'd defer the actual decision to those with more operational experience. My 
only wish is that whatever the decision is, it should be explicitly 
documented in the document (ie. "overlaps can happen and they are fine" or 
"there should be no overlaps at all").

Geoff: my definition of overlap would be (B) and (C) - ie. one or more IP 
addresses covered by two or more entries. (A) does not contain an overlap. I 
think this is consistent with what Ruediger said at the mike.

Cheers,
Robert


Matt Lepinski wrote:
> Geoff,
> 
> My understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the proposed 
> prohibition would cover all three cases that you list below. The 
> proposal was raised by Rob Kisteleki and Rob Austein, so I defer to 
> either of them who would like to clarify.
> 
> Either way, it seems to be a small issue, and so I'm inclined to do 
> whatever makes implementation of the spec easiest.
> 
> - Matt Lepinski
> 
> Geoff Huston wrote:
> 
>> WG Chair hat off
>>
>> On 18/11/2008, at 8:01 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:
>>
>>> Two issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF 73:
>>>
>>> 1) Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with  
>>> overlapping prefixes?
>>> (E.g. A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8, 10.10/16  
>>> and 10.20/16)
>>
>>
>> What do you mean by overlap Matt?
>>
>> a) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=9 and 10.0.0.0/24 maxlength=24
>>
>> or
>>
>> b) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=24 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16
>>
>> or
>>
>> c) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=17 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=24
>>
>> seems to me that b) is the only case where the second item is  
>> completely subsumed by the first, yet all three contain "overlapping  
>> prefixes"
>>
>> It also seems to me that all these cases are essentially harmless.
>>
>> My opinion is NOT to put this prohibition into the document, assuming  
>> of course that there is some clarity over what is meant precisely by  
>> "overlapping prefixes" in the first place
>>
>>   Geoff
>>
>>
>>
>>
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
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Geoff Huston wrote:
> "I give my authority for AS1 and only AS1 to advertise a route  
> object for 10.1.0.0/16"

Does the ROA format already permit this or would it require a modification?
If you allow this, what about a subprefix,say, 10.1.0.0/24?
Would that be precluded from having a ROA with a different AS?

Sriram

Quoting "Geoff Huston" <gih@apnic.net>:

> WG chair hat off
>
> On 17/11/2008, at 10:28 AM, Danny McPherson wrote:
>
>>
>> On Nov 14, 2008, at 1:07 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>>>
>>> A good example for me in thinking about this has been the YouTube  
>>> hijack at the start of this year. A salient question I asked  
>>> myslef was: what mechanisms could YouTube have used to alert  
>>> relying parties to the unauthorised advertisement of more  
>>> specifics from a different origin AS?
>>>
>>> ROAs alone are not a good answer here, in that a ROA does not say  
>>> what is bogus.
>>
>> But does the existence of a ROA, with origin authorization not
>> make this implicit enough?
>
>
> I assume you are referring to the situation where, for example, a  
> ROA exists for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 1, and NO ROA exists for  
> 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS2, and you are seeing a route object for  
> 10.1.0.0/16 with origin AS 2, yes?
>
> The problem is that as a relying party you can't tell whether the  
> problem is with the retrieval of ROA objects or whether the route  
> object is bogus. i.e. what if the ROA for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 2  
> was published a few seconds ago, whereas your local cache of ROA  
> objects was last refreshed a day ago.  i.e. everything you have at  
> hand is valid, the manifests are good, and you are seeing something  
> that is not oin a locally held ROA, _but_ it is still valid.
>
> If there was also a BOA published for 10.1.0.0/16 then as a relying  
> party you now have grounds to believe that anything not described in  
> a valid ROA can be regarded as an invalid object. In this case there  
> is still the issue of time lag, and if the prefix holder had  
> intended to authorize 10.1.0.0/16 using AS 2 as an origination in  
> addition to AS1 then it would be incumbent on the prefix holder to  
> generate and publish the new ROA well in advance of the  
> advertisement of the new route.
>
> Of course there is also the other case where AS 1 insists on a ROA  
> as a precondition for originating the route, and AS 2 does not, and  
> the prefix holder performs only what is required and no more. In  
> this case both routes are valid, but only one as a ROA. In tis case  
> the problem is not one of  timing at the relying party side, and  
> will not be resolved by bring the relying party into sync with the  
> authority publisher.
>
>>
>>
>>> The only way that ROAs can do this is when a relying party is  
>>> justified in assuming that _absolutely everything_ is covered by a  
>>> ROA. In a world of incremental deployment this assumption does not  
>>> hold, and therefore the absence of a ROA conveys no information at  
>>> all.
>>>
>>> In this case BOAs can assist. Lets say that MeTube has published a  
>>> ROA to allow 10.1.0.0/16, max length=16 to be advertised from  
>>> origin AS 1, and a relying party sees an advertisement for  
>>> 10.1.1.0/24 originating from AS 2 (a hijack attempt). In this case  
>>> the relying party has no grounds to assume that the /24  
>>> advertisement is bogus, and will accept the advertisement and the  
>>> hijack will be effective. But what if MeTube also published a BOA  
>>> for 10.1.0.0/16 at the same time as the ROA. Now as a ROA "trumps"  
>>> a BOA then any advertisement for 10.1.0.0/16 with an origination  
>>> of AS 1 will be regarded as valid by a relying party, while any  
>>> other use of 10.1.0.0/16 or any more specific will be regarded as  
>>> bogus.
>>
>> So wouldn't this mean that in the current model everyone would publish
>> ROAs and BOAs?  Do we really want that?  Perhaps I'm missing something
>> here?
>>
>
> Well if relying parties could safely assume that _everyone_ was  
> publishing ROAs then there would be no need for BOAs as the absence  
> of a positive authority in the form of a ROA could be reliably  
> inferred to be unauthorized. But in a world where that assumption  
> does not hold, and where there is incremental partial deployment of  
> publication of these origination credentials, when relying parties  
> cannot assume that the absence of a positive authority means  
> anything at all. All it means is that if the route object matches  
> the ROA then its been authorized by the prefix holder. But if there  
> is no matching ROA then the relying party cannot assume anything at  
> all.
>
> The problem here is similar to the problem of filter generation:  
> There is a qualitative difference in these two statements:
>
> "I give my authority for AS 1 to advertise a route object for 10.1.0.0/16"
>
> "I give my authority for AS1 and only AS1 to advertise a route  
> object for 10.1.0.0/16"
>
> If you want the second statement, then we either need to change the  
> ROA to offer closure ("i.e. include "any only") or introduce a new  
> object that allows the authorizing party to state the "and only"  
> part explicitly). I contend that leaving this part of the authority  
> as something implicit that relying parties may or may not choose to  
> infer from the authority is a compromised model, imho.
>
> So the BOA is a way of implementing the RPSEC requirement of being  
> able to support environments of incremental deployment, where it is  
> not
> assured that everyone is publishing these authorities. Now if you  
> are of the view that the requirement of devising mechanisms to  
> support incremental piecemeal deployment is daft or unnecessary,  
> then perhaps this is a debate that in the IETF context should be  
> held in the context of the RPSEC WG, as the SIDR requirement here is  
> one that was gather up from the earlier RPSEC work and generate  
> mechanisms that met those requirements as stated in the RPSEC  
> documents.
>
>
> regards,
>
> Geoff
>
> _______________________________________________
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WG Chair Hat _off_

On 18/11/2008, at 10:39 AM, ksriram@nist.gov wrote:

> Geoff Huston wrote:
>> "I give my authority for AS1 and only AS1 to advertise a route  
>> object for 10.1.0.0/16"
>
> Does the ROA format already permit this

It is my understanding that the ROA, as defined today, does NOT permit  
this - i.e. the presence of a ROA does not in and of itself do the  
negation of the ROA. i.e. a ROA does not explicitly state "and  
everything else is invalid"


> or would it require a modification?

I believe it requires a modification - either a modification to the  
ROA to say "and invalidate all others" or via a BOA to state "and  
invalidate all others"


>
> If you allow this, what about a subprefix,say, 10.1.0.0/24?

I assume that you are talking about a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 with a  
maximum length=8. Again I would say that the ROA as it stands does not  
invalidate other route objects.

>
> Would that be precluded from having a ROA with a different AS?

Again my interpretation is that a ROA is a positive assertion and not  
a negative assertion about all other possible route objects. If you  
want to extend this then the choices are either to extend the  
semantics of the ROA, either implicitly or explicitly, or introduce a  
new object, other the AS0 concept, or the explicit negation concept of  
the BOA draft. The BOA concept makes this negations explicit.


    Geoff


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Hi Danny,

Thanks for the comments.

| A few specific things:
| 
| 1) AS path origin-based policies alone are insufficient, as any
|    targeted attack could most easily spoof the origin AS.

Yes, and that's why complete path attestation is still required and
needs to be addressed.

| 2) When I brought up the issue about targeted attacks John said this
|    is meant to accommodate the 80/20 rule with route leaks, etc.  When
|    routes are leaked, which appears to be the most common 'hijack'
|    case today, the origin is preserved.  This wouldn't necessarily
|    protect against that.

I am not quite sure I follow this. But if the origin is preserved and
the AS_PATH is not, it should again be addressed by path attestation.

| 
| 3) No inherent ability in the current validation modes to prefer
|    shorter validated prefixes over longer non- validated ones means
|    that most hijacks would still prefer the hijacked more-specific
|    prefix.  Most actual hijacks, and even leaks such as the YouTube
|    incident, are from more specific prefixes and given preference.

>From the point of view of origin validation, prefixes with different
mask lens are treated as completely different route advertisements and
validated separately. So if a BGP speaker receives both 10.1.1/24 and
10.1/16, they are two separate prefixes, each undergoing the
validation check. If the rightful owner of 10.1/16 prefix block is
AS#1, I would expect AS#1 to have originated an ROA as {10.1/16,
max_length=24}. When the BGP speaker receives 10.1/16 with origin AS
1, that would be declared "valid". However when it receives 10.1.1/24
with origin AS 2, since the ASs do not match for the ROA found, it
would be declared "invalid". So that seems to take care of the issue
you raise.

| 4) Requiring implementations to store prefixes in their respective
|    Adj-RIB-In, even if they've been filtered, such that they're
|    available if policies changes, is a bad idea.  Instead, as Jeff
|    suggested at the microphone, employing route refresh in these
|    scenarios would be much more scalable.
| 
| E.g., in the case of CTBC last week there were like 267k prefixes
| leaked that would have been stored and filtered, were these
| capabilities in place.  This could easily become a DOS vector itself.

It's a trade-off. With route refresh mechanism, you will be forced to
send a route refresh request to each of your peerings when the policy
changes and receive all of the 267K prefixes again. That's not nice
from CPU viewpoint. Agree you can be clever about storing some hints
of which peers had sent you invalid routes and send the request to
them or build a prefix ORF based on what prefixes have database
updates etc..., but that's ugly. If you choose to store them, you are
storing them only from your configured peers. So it's not an unbounded
problem. 
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Two ROA Format issues from the meeting
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At Mon, 17 Nov 2008 17:27:59 -0500, Matt Lepinski wrote:
> 
> My understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the proposed 
> prohibition would cover all three cases that you list below. The 
> proposal was raised by Rob Kisteleki and Rob Austein, so I defer to 
> either of them who would like to clarify.

For those who didn't hear my comments at the meeting: RFC 3779 doesn't
allow overlaps.  Checking whether a ROA is covered by an RFC 3779
certificate is a bit easier if one doesn't need to implement the merge
operation necessary to allow overlaps when converting from a ROA to an
RFC 3779 resource set.  If there's a useful purpose served by allowing
overlaps, fine, I'll implement the merge, but until Ruidiger's
comments today I had not heard anybody claim that allowing these
overlaps serves a useful purpose.

So at this point I'm waiting for the outcome of the discussion between
Randy and Ruidiger to find out whether these overlaps are useful.
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Two ROA Format issues from the meeting
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Wg chair hat off

On 18/11/2008, at 9:27 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:

> Geoff,
>
> My understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the  
> proposed prohibition would cover all three cases that you list  
> below. The proposal was raised by Rob Kisteleki and Rob Austein, so  
> I defer to either of them who would like to clarify.
>
> Either way, it seems to be a small issue, and so I'm inclined to do  
> whatever makes implementation of the spec easiest.


I could possibly understand this "prohibition" if it was restricted to  
enumeration of those cases where the 'overlap' was one where there was  
no additional information provided in the overlap. But in the cases I  
enumerated below only in case b) is the overlap redundant in that the  
announced prefixes that would be matched by the ROA are identical with  
or without the overlapping more specific. In cases a) and c) the  
overlap defines additional more specifics

Why are cases a) and c) potentially useful?

One possible scenario is  in TE use, where a prefix holder wants to  
load share across two upstreams through the use of more specifics and  
have mutual backup via an aggregate


ROA 1: 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength = 8 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16, AS 1

ROA 2: 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength = 8 10.128.0.0/16 maxlength=16, AS 1

now if I have this right what this equates to is an explicit authority  
for AS 1 and AS 2 to advertise only a certain subset of more specifics  
as well as the covering aggregate.

There may well be other scenarios of such selective authorities.


>
>
> - Matt Lepinski
>
> Geoff Huston wrote:
>
>> WG Chair hat off
>>
>> On 18/11/2008, at 8:01 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:
>>
>>> Two issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF 73:
>>>
>>> 1) Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with   
>>> overlapping prefixes?
>>> (E.g. A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8,  
>>> 10.10/16  and 10.20/16)
>>
>>
>> What do you mean by overlap Matt?
>>
>> a) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=9 and 10.0.0.0/24 maxlength=24
>>
>> or
>>
>> b) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=24 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16
>>
>> or
>>
>> c) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=17 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=24
>>
>> seems to me that b) is the only case where the second item is   
>> completely subsumed by the first, yet all three contain  
>> "overlapping  prefixes"
>>
>> It also seems to me that all these cases are essentially harmless.
>>
>> My opinion is NOT to put this prohibition into the document,  
>> assuming  of course that there is some clarity over what is meant  
>> precisely by  "overlapping prefixes" in the first place
>>
>>  Geoff
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>

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From: Andy Newton <andy@arin.net>
To: "sidr@ietf.org" <sidr@ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 18 Nov 2008 10:17:01 -0500
Thread-Topic: One and only one RPKI
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After witnessing the CP document discussion, I'm left wondering if there is
to be one and only one RPKI.  Does the IETF endorse a specific RPKI?  Can
the IETF restrict any RPKI use to policies of this CP?

-andy

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Hi,

After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are people 
in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should it be a WG item?

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf

Regards,
Robert
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I would support adoption of this item by the WG.

it think its entirely on-charter for SIDR, and I think its a  
substantive body of work we should document.

-George

On 18/11/2008, at 9:40 AM, Robert Kisteleki wrote:

> Hi,
>
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there  
> are people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and  
> should it be a WG item?
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>
> Regards,
> Robert
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

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Robert Kisteleki wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are
> people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should
> it be a WG item?
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf

i think it is one of many possible interesting side uses of the rpki.
it should be done in a wg for the application use, e.g. rps not sidr.

randy
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Andy Newton wrote:
> After witnessing the CP document discussion, I'm left wondering if there is
> to be one and only one RPKI.

nothing else makes any sense.

arin does not like that the cp has to be agreed by the entire community
affected by it?

randy
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Robert,

On Tue, Nov 18, 2008 at 09:40:19AM -0600, Robert Kisteleki wrote:
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are 
> people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should it 
> be a WG item?
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf

I think this work is probably worth pursuing but I will echo a concern
raised at the session: This work is tightly bound to the stability of
the current object format drafts.  You may wish to either consider
delaying your work until those have finished stabilizing or simply plan
on having your document go against a moving target.

Also, please excuse a silly question since it's been a number of years
since I've been very RPSL savvy: How does this interact with RFC 2725,
if at all?

-- Jeff
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From: Andy Newton <andy@arin.net>
To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
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On 11/18/08 11:01 AM, "Randy Bush" <randy@psg.com> wrote:

> Andy Newton wrote:
>> After witnessing the CP document discussion, I'm left wondering if there is
>> to be one and only one RPKI.
>
> nothing else makes any sense.

So, the IETF does not sanction the use of the RPKI specs for a set of
cooperative network providers who wish to establish their own trust anchors?
Or the use of the RPKI specs to a government or collective of governments
who wish to establish their own trust anchors?

> arin does not like that the cp has to be agreed by the entire community
> affected by it?

To which entire community are you making a reference?  And how did you draw
your inference, given the definition of IETF participation?

-andy

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    I would support adoption.  Would perhaps like to
see some consideration of hierarchical named sets
(i.e.  ASXXXX:AS-CUSTOMERS).

 -Larry Blunk


Robert Kisteleki wrote:
> Hi,
>
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are 
> people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should 
> it be a WG item?
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>
> Regards,
> Robert
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

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Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> Robert,
> 
> On Tue, Nov 18, 2008 at 09:40:19AM -0600, Robert Kisteleki wrote:
>> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are 
>> people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should it 
>> be a WG item?
>>
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
>> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
> 
> I think this work is probably worth pursuing but I will echo a concern
> raised at the session: This work is tightly bound to the stability of
> the current object format drafts.  You may wish to either consider
> delaying your work until those have finished stabilizing or simply plan
> on having your document go against a moving target.

The document that this one directly refers to is in WG last call, so I hope 
it's going to settle down soon. But even then, this is a fair advice.

> Also, please excuse a silly question since it's been a number of years
> since I've been very RPSL savvy: How does this interact with RFC 2725,
> if at all?

It's not the intention of this draft to modify authentication/authorization 
behavior. Rather, it's an extension to the objects themselves.

Robert

> -- Jeff

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Robert Kisteleki wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are 
> people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should 
> it be a WG item?

I like the idea but I think this question should be asked on the RPSL
list as well before deciding which group should pick it up.

Henk

> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
> 
> Regards,
> Robert
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
> 


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I may misunderstand this, but my belief is that *ONLY* hierarchical AS- 
SET form of named sets can logistically be signed over, because they  
are the only ones which have a single entity (the hierarchical tagger)  
that can claim to own the set relationship. Which RPKi EE cert would  
glue all the set elements together?

Ie, anonymous named sets are 'hard' to sign. but the hierarchical ones  
are sort-of definitionally the best ones to use, and sign. The signing  
cert will relate to the single ASXXXX binding the list set.

-George

On 18/11/2008, at 10:23 AM, Larry Blunk wrote:

>
>   I would support adoption.  Would perhaps like to
> see some consideration of hierarchical named sets
> (i.e.  ASXXXX:AS-CUSTOMERS).
>
> -Larry Blunk
>
>
> Robert Kisteleki wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there  
>> are people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and  
>> should it be a WG item?
>>
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
>> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>>
>> Regards,
>> Robert
>> _______________________________________________
>> sidr mailing list
>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

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On 11/17/08 7:44 PM, "Geoff Huston" <gih@apnic.net> wrote:

> Again my interpretation is that a ROA is a positive assertion and not
> a negative assertion about all other possible route objects. If you
> want to extend this then the choices are either to extend the
> semantics of the ROA, either implicitly or explicitly, or introduce a
> new object, other the AS0 concept, or the explicit negation concept of
> the BOA draft. The BOA concept makes this negations explicit.

This all makes sense, and the BOA seems to be straightforward way of
implementing a negative assertion.

After Steve Kent's description of ROAs flowing from the top and being
constantly reshaped based on allocations, I'd like to withdraw my objection
to BOAs.  It would seem they are necessary.

-andy

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I concur with Larry.

Additionally, I agree with several of the participants who said this is good
work.  I don't believe good work should be discouraged just because of
administrative square-peg/round-hole problems.

-andy


On 11/18/08 11:23 AM, "Larry Blunk" <ljb@merit.edu> wrote:

>
>
>     I would support adoption.  Would perhaps like to
> see some consideration of hierarchical named sets
> (i.e.  ASXXXX:AS-CUSTOMERS).
>
>  -Larry Blunk
>
>
> Robert Kisteleki wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are
>> people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should
>> it be a WG item?
>>
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
>> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>>
>> Regards,
>> Robert
>> _______________________________________________
>> sidr mailing list
>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
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>

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Thanks.
"ROA as only a positive assertion" as you have stated is good.
If we do modify ROA format to include "ASx and only ASx" to advertise
a route object for a prefix, it appears correctly acceptable that
I as the owner of 10.0.0.0/8 can still issue these two ROAs:

ROA#1: Prefix = 10.0.0.0/8; origin = AS1 and only AS1; maxlength = 12
ROA#2: Prefix = 10.1.0.0/16; origin = AS2 and only AS2; maxlength = 24

ROA users have to be careful in their implementation
not to "disregard" the second ROA based on the first.
If they go with "ROA as only a positive assertion"
then there should be no problem in the implementation.

Sriram

Quoting "Geoff Huston" <gih@apnic.net>:

> WG Chair Hat _off_
>
> On 18/11/2008, at 10:39 AM, ksriram@nist.gov wrote:
>
>> Geoff Huston wrote:
>>> "I give my authority for AS1 and only AS1 to advertise a route  
>>> object for 10.1.0.0/16"
>>
>> Does the ROA format already permit this
>
> It is my understanding that the ROA, as defined today, does NOT  
> permit this - i.e. the presence of a ROA does not in and of itself  
> do the negation of the ROA. i.e. a ROA does not explicitly state  
> "and everything else is invalid"
>
>
>> or would it require a modification?
>
> I believe it requires a modification - either a modification to the  
> ROA to say "and invalidate all others" or via a BOA to state "and  
> invalidate all others"
>
>
>>
>> If you allow this, what about a subprefix,say, 10.1.0.0/24?
>
> I assume that you are talking about a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 with a  
> maximum length=8. Again I would say that the ROA as it stands does  
> not invalidate other route objects.
>
>>
>> Would that be precluded from having a ROA with a different AS?
>
> Again my interpretation is that a ROA is a positive assertion and  
> not a negative assertion about all other possible route objects. If  
> you want to extend this then the choices are either to extend the  
> semantics of the ROA, either implicitly or explicitly, or introduce  
> a new object, other the AS0 concept, or the explicit negation  
> concept of the BOA draft. The BOA concept makes this negations  
> explicit.
>
>
>    Geoff
>
>
>

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>>> After witnessing the CP document discussion, I'm left wondering if there is
>>> to be one and only one RPKI.
>> nothing else makes any sense.
> So, the IETF does not sanction the use of the RPKI specs for a set of
> cooperative network providers who wish to establish their own trust anchors?
> Or the use of the RPKI specs to a government or collective of governments
> who wish to establish their own trust anchors?

sorry.  i was confusing.  i am talking about the rpki instance we as the
operational internet community use.  anyone is welcome to build their
own private universes, of course.  have fun.

>> arin does not like that the cp has to be agreed by the entire community
>> affected by it?
> To which entire community are you making a reference?

the one moving your packets.

randy
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> I agree with several of the participants who said this is good work.
> I don't believe good work should be discouraged just because of 
> administrative square-peg/round-hole problems.

i have not heard one voice discouraging this work.  did you want to do so?

where there seems to be disagreement is where the work should be done.

randy
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On 11/18/08 12:08 PM, "Randy Bush" <randy@psg.com> wrote:

> i have not heard one voice discouraging this work.  did you want to do so?

How did you get there from here?  I said I agreed that it is good work.

> where there seems to be disagreement is where the work should be done.

Yes. Let us let the good work get done instead of batting it back-and-forth.

-andy

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>> i have not heard one voice discouraging this work.  did you want to do so?
> How did you get there from here?

you said the work was being discouraged.  no one else was discouraging
it.  so process of elimination.

>> where there seems to be disagreement is where the work should be done.
> Yes. Let us let the good work get done instead of batting it back-and-forth.

your annoyance at ietf process is likely not as large as mine.  but
discussing where a particular work should be done is a legitimate part
of the process.

randy
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WG CHair Hat Off

Yes, I agree that there are some potential issues in correct  
interpretation if there are combinations of ROAs where there is  
implicit negation associated with the ROA. This should be basic 3  
dimensional set work (prefix, AS, yes/no) and I think that the result  
is always deterministic for any collection of ROAs, but that does not  
make it always trivial to construct a desired origination policy. But  
as ROAs are only a positive assertion then this is probably a moot  
point.

    Geoff





On 19/11/2008, at 3:45 AM, ksriram@nist.gov wrote:

> Thanks.
> "ROA as only a positive assertion" as you have stated is good.
> If we do modify ROA format to include "ASx and only ASx" to advertise
> a route object for a prefix, it appears correctly acceptable that
> I as the owner of 10.0.0.0/8 can still issue these two ROAs:
>
> ROA#1: Prefix = 10.0.0.0/8; origin = AS1 and only AS1; maxlength = 12
> ROA#2: Prefix = 10.1.0.0/16; origin = AS2 and only AS2; maxlength = 24
>
> ROA users have to be careful in their implementation
> not to "disregard" the second ROA based on the first.
> If they go with "ROA as only a positive assertion"
> then there should be no problem in the implementation.
>
> Sriram
>
> Quoting "Geoff Huston" <gih@apnic.net>:
>
>> WG Chair Hat _off_
>>
>> On 18/11/2008, at 10:39 AM, ksriram@nist.gov wrote:
>>
>>> Geoff Huston wrote:
>>>> "I give my authority for AS1 and only AS1 to advertise a route  
>>>> object for 10.1.0.0/16"
>>>
>>> Does the ROA format already permit this
>>
>> It is my understanding that the ROA, as defined today, does NOT  
>> permit this - i.e. the presence of a ROA does not in and of itself  
>> do the negation of the ROA. i.e. a ROA does not explicitly state  
>> "and everything else is invalid"
>>
>>
>>> or would it require a modification?
>>
>> I believe it requires a modification - either a modification to the  
>> ROA to say "and invalidate all others" or via a BOA to state "and  
>> invalidate all others"
>>
>>
>>>
>>> If you allow this, what about a subprefix,say, 10.1.0.0/24?
>>
>> I assume that you are talking about a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 with a  
>> maximum length=8. Again I would say that the ROA as it stands does  
>> not invalidate other route objects.
>>
>>>
>>> Would that be precluded from having a ROA with a different AS?
>>
>> Again my interpretation is that a ROA is a positive assertion and  
>> not a negative assertion about all other possible route objects. If  
>> you want to extend this then the choices are either to extend the  
>> semantics of the ROA, either implicitly or explicitly, or introduce  
>> a new object, other the AS0 concept, or the explicit negation  
>> concept of the BOA draft. The BOA concept makes this negations  
>> explicit.
>>
>>
>>   Geoff
>>
>>
>>
>

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> Yes, I agree that there are some potential issues in correct
> interpretation if there are combinations of ROAs where there is implicit
> negation associated with the ROA. This should be basic 3 dimensional set
> work (prefix, AS, yes/no) and I think that the result is always
> deterministic for any collection of ROAs, but that does not make it
> always trivial to construct a desired origination policy. But as ROAs
> are only a positive assertion then this is probably a moot point.

roas with magic as numbers vs boas is syntactic sugar.  the semantic
problem you mention applies to both.

randy
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On 18/11/2008, at 12:54 PM, Randy Bush wrote:

>> Yes, I agree that there are some potential issues in correct
>> interpretation if there are combinations of ROAs where there is  
>> implicit
>> negation associated with the ROA. This should be basic 3  
>> dimensional set
>> work (prefix, AS, yes/no) and I think that the result is always
>> deterministic for any collection of ROAs, but that does not make it
>> always trivial to construct a desired origination policy. But as ROAs
>> are only a positive assertion then this is probably a moot point.
>
> roas with magic as numbers vs boas is syntactic sugar.  the semantic
> problem you mention applies to both.
>
> randy



I do not accept that ROA to AS0 and BOA is just syntactic sugar. They  
are substantially different in their logic, and semantic intent.

A BOA is a positive assertion by the resource holder of the exact  
behaviors in respect of their prefix and a purported origin AS that  
they DO NOT wish to see expressed.

Of course they can be used to simply do a negation of things not seen  
in the ROA, but they have far more expressive capability and can say  
things, materially useful to achieve the range of origination policies  
used by network operators at the present time.

We drew on the ROA *syntax* precisely to seek a syntactic similarity,  
to ease coding, We chose CMS deliberately for consistency with other  
signed object construction.

Please do not allow that syntactic similarity to the ROA to hide the  
quite clear SEMANTIC DIFFERENCE which we hold in the BOA.

I still stand by the BOA draft. I think it adds useful tools into  
routing security for operators.

-George

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Quoting "Pradosh Mohapatra (pmohapat)" <pmohapat@cisco.com>:

> From the point of view of origin validation, prefixes with different
> mask lens are treated as completely different route advertisements and
> validated separately. So if a BGP speaker receives both 10.1.1/24 and
> 10.1/16, they are two separate prefixes, each undergoing the
> validation check. If the rightful owner of 10.1/16 prefix block is
> AS#1, I would expect AS#1 to have originated an ROA as {10.1/16,
> max_length=24}. When the BGP speaker receives 10.1.0.0/16 with origin AS
> 1, that would be declared "valid". However when it receives 10.1.1/24
> with origin AS 2, since the ASs do not match for the ROA found, it
> would be declared "invalid". So that seems to take care of the issue
> you raise.

The capability in any algorithm to distinguish between an update
due to path or origin change by legitimate owner's action vs.
that due to a hijack/misconfiguration attack would remain challenging
as long as RPKI adoption and creation of ROAs is partial.
The legitimate owner of 10.1/16 can be multi-homed to, say,
AS#1 and AS#2. They may have created a ROA for
10.1.0.0/16, Origin = AS#1, but may not have yet created a ROA
for 10.1.1.0/24, Origin = AS#2. There is also the lag issue.
They may have created the second ROA in the last few hours
and propagated an update with different origin (AS#2) shortly
after that, but the algorithm downloads ROAs only once every 24 hours.
So the algorithm fails to validate based on the currently known ROAs
at the BGP speaker.

During the evolution period of RPKI,
origin and path validation algorithms can benefit from combining
(prefix, origin AS) pairing information from different sources,
including trace data (e.g., routeviews, RIPE-RIS) and even
RPSL/SWIP route registration data from IRR/RADB.
This would be especially useful when there is incompleteness
in the ROA repository.
Some examples of ideas (research) along these lines:
http://www.cs.unm.edu/~treport/tr/06-06/pgbgp3.pdf
http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/NIST_BGP_Robustness.pdf

Sriram
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Subject: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
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WG co-Chair hat ON

Thanks for this request Robert.

I'd like to put the question to the WG to adopt this draft as a WG  
document.

Please send in your comments to the WG by Friday November 28th on this.

I'll note the comments already posted on this thread so there is no  
need to post again if you've already voiced your views on this question.

thanks,

   Geoff





On 19/11/2008, at 2:40 AM, Robert Kisteleki wrote:

> Hi,
>
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there  
> are people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and  
> should it be a WG item?
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>
> Regards,
> Robert
> _______________________________________________
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> sidr@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [sidr] One and only one RPKI
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Randy Bush wrote:
>>>> After witnessing the CP document discussion, I'm left wondering if there is
>>>> to be one and only one RPKI.
>>>>         
>>> nothing else makes any sense.
>>>       
>> So, the IETF does not sanction the use of the RPKI specs for a set of
>> cooperative network providers who wish to establish their own trust anchors?
>> Or the use of the RPKI specs to a government or collective of governments
>> who wish to establish their own trust anchors?
>>     
>
> sorry.  i was confusing.  i am talking about the rpki instance we as the
> operational internet community use.  anyone is welcome to build their
> own private universes, of course.  have fun.
>   
we will get immediatelly - as I tried to explain you before on RIPE 
meeteng in Dubai - do you like it or not
or I mistaken?

Dima
>   
>>> arin does not like that the cp has to be agreed by the entire community
>>> affected by it?
>>>       
>> To which entire community are you making a reference?
>>     
>
> the one moving your packets.
>
> randy
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>   

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Subject: Re: [sidr] One and only one RPKI
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On Tue, 18 Nov 2008, Andy Newton wrote:

>
>
>
> On 11/18/08 11:01 AM, "Randy Bush" <randy@psg.com> wrote:
>
>> Andy Newton wrote:
>>> After witnessing the CP document discussion, I'm left wondering if there is
>>> to be one and only one RPKI.
>>
>> nothing else makes any sense.
>
> So, the IETF does not sanction the use of the RPKI specs for a set of
> cooperative network providers who wish to establish their own trust anchors?
> Or the use of the RPKI specs to a government or collective of governments
> who wish to establish their own trust anchors?

I don't understand the change from talking about the CP to talking about 
trust anchors.  Could you explain what I'm missing?

>
>> arin does not like that the cp has to be agreed by the entire community
>> affected by it?
>
> To which entire community are you making a reference?  And how did you draw
> your inference, given the definition of IETF participation?
>

Incidentally, I thought I heard Russ Housley say at the mike that the cert 
format says what CP appliels and it points to this CP.  If I understand, 
using a different CP means changing the cert format.  Am I wrong?

I see the following, which I presume is what Russ was referring to:

3.9.8.  Certificate Policies

    This extension MUST reference the Resource Certificate Policy, using
    the OID Policy Identifier value of "1.3.6.1.5.5.7.14.2".  This field
    MUST be present and MUST contain only this value for Resource
    Certificates.

    No PolicyQualifiers are defined for use with this policy and thus
    none must be included in this extension.

    This extension MUST be present and it is critical.



> -andy
>
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
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In re-reading the WG Charter, I note:

Lead-in paragraph:
"A related question concerns the level of trust than can be ascribed  
to attributes of a route object in terms of their authenticity"

Scope:

"Document the use of certification objects within this secure routing  
architecture"

It doesn't prescribe what a certification object is exactly, and with  
the above in mind I believe the SIDR working group is a suitable place  
for this work, and I think the WG should adopt this draft as a  
workgroup item and I am willing to read and review.

Thanks
Terry

On 19/11/2008, at 7:12 AM, Geoff Huston wrote:

> WG co-Chair hat ON
>
> Thanks for this request Robert.
>
> I'd like to put the question to the WG to adopt this draft as a WG  
> document.
>
> Please send in your comments to the WG by Friday November 28th on  
> this.
>
> I'll note the comments already posted on this thread so there is no  
> need to post again if you've already voiced your views on this  
> question.
>
> thanks,
>
>  Geoff
>
>
>
>
>
> On 19/11/2008, at 2:40 AM, Robert Kisteleki wrote:
>
>> Hi,
>>
>> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there  
>> are people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and  
>> should it be a WG item?
>>
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
>> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>>
>> Regards,
>> Robert
>> _______________________________________________
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>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>
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As a matter of record, the APNIC implementation allows for creation of  
overlapping prefixes in a ROA.

We do not support any change to this.

-George

On 17/11/2008, at 4:27 PM, Matt Lepinski wrote:

> Geoff,
>
> My understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the  
> proposed prohibition would cover all three cases that you list  
> below. The proposal was raised by Rob Kisteleki and Rob Austein, so  
> I defer to either of them who would like to clarify.
>
> Either way, it seems to be a small issue, and so I'm inclined to do  
> whatever makes implementation of the spec easiest.
>
> - Matt Lepinski
>
> Geoff Huston wrote:
>
>> WG Chair hat off
>>
>> On 18/11/2008, at 8:01 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:
>>
>>> Two issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF 73:
>>>
>>> 1) Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with   
>>> overlapping prefixes?
>>> (E.g. A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8,  
>>> 10.10/16  and 10.20/16)
>>
>>
>> What do you mean by overlap Matt?
>>
>> a) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=9 and 10.0.0.0/24 maxlength=24
>>
>> or
>>
>> b) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=24 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16
>>
>> or
>>
>> c) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=17 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=24
>>
>> seems to me that b) is the only case where the second item is   
>> completely subsumed by the first, yet all three contain  
>> "overlapping  prefixes"
>>
>> It also seems to me that all these cases are essentially harmless.
>>
>> My opinion is NOT to put this prohibition into the document,  
>> assuming  of course that there is some clarity over what is meant  
>> precisely by  "overlapping prefixes" in the first place
>>
>>  Geoff
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>
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On Mon, 17 Nov 2008, Pradosh Mohapatra (pmohapat) wrote:

> Hi Danny,
>
> Thanks for the comments.
>
> | A few specific things:
> |
> | 1) AS path origin-based policies alone are insufficient, as any
> |    targeted attack could most easily spoof the origin AS.
>
> Yes, and that's why complete path attestation is still required and
> needs to be addressed.

SIDR was chartered to fulfill the security requirements established by the 
rpsec working group.  That group was able to set path origination as a 
security requirement but failed to come to consensus of what sort of 
additional path security should be required.

No one in the rpsec wg argued that additional path security is NOT 
required, it was just setting the exact security requirements for security 
for the AS_PATH past the origination AS that was contentious.

So everyone recognizes that the origination of a route to a prefix 
is not sufficient.  But it is necessary.  It is the starting point of 
every suggested BGP protection that provides more protection of the 
AS_PATH.  (That I have seen.)

So we'll get done with this (someday!) and we can continue with more work 
to further protect the AS_PATH and this current work will be useful in the 
meantime and the basis for the more work (i.e., not wasted).

--Sandy

>
> | 2) When I brought up the issue about targeted attacks John said this
> |    is meant to accommodate the 80/20 rule with route leaks, etc.  When
> |    routes are leaked, which appears to be the most common 'hijack'
> |    case today, the origin is preserved.  This wouldn't necessarily
> |    protect against that.
>
> I am not quite sure I follow this. But if the origin is preserved and
> the AS_PATH is not, it should again be addressed by path attestation.
>
> |
> | 3) No inherent ability in the current validation modes to prefer
> |    shorter validated prefixes over longer non- validated ones means
> |    that most hijacks would still prefer the hijacked more-specific
> |    prefix.  Most actual hijacks, and even leaks such as the YouTube
> |    incident, are from more specific prefixes and given preference.
>
> From the point of view of origin validation, prefixes with different
> mask lens are treated as completely different route advertisements and
> validated separately. So if a BGP speaker receives both 10.1.1/24 and
> 10.1/16, they are two separate prefixes, each undergoing the
> validation check. If the rightful owner of 10.1/16 prefix block is
> AS#1, I would expect AS#1 to have originated an ROA as {10.1/16,
> max_length=24}. When the BGP speaker receives 10.1/16 with origin AS
> 1, that would be declared "valid". However when it receives 10.1.1/24
> with origin AS 2, since the ASs do not match for the ROA found, it
> would be declared "invalid". So that seems to take care of the issue
> you raise.
>
> | 4) Requiring implementations to store prefixes in their respective
> |    Adj-RIB-In, even if they've been filtered, such that they're
> |    available if policies changes, is a bad idea.  Instead, as Jeff
> |    suggested at the microphone, employing route refresh in these
> |    scenarios would be much more scalable.
> |
> | E.g., in the case of CTBC last week there were like 267k prefixes
> | leaked that would have been stored and filtered, were these
> | capabilities in place.  This could easily become a DOS vector itself.
>
> It's a trade-off. With route refresh mechanism, you will be forced to
> send a route refresh request to each of your peerings when the policy
> changes and receive all of the 267K prefixes again. That's not nice
> from CPU viewpoint. Agree you can be clever about storing some hints
> of which peers had sent you invalid routes and send the request to
> them or build a prefix ORF based on what prefixes have database
> updates etc..., but that's ugly. If you choose to store them, you are
> storing them only from your configured peers. So it's not an unbounded
> problem.
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On 19/11/2008, at 11:34 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

>
>
> On Mon, 17 Nov 2008, Pradosh Mohapatra (pmohapat) wrote:
>
>> Hi Danny,
>>
>> Thanks for the comments.
>>
>> | A few specific things:
>> |
>> | 1) AS path origin-based policies alone are insufficient, as any
>> |    targeted attack could most easily spoof the origin AS.
>>
>> Yes, and that's why complete path attestation is still required and
>> needs to be addressed.
>
> SIDR was chartered to fulfill the security requirements established  
> by the rpsec working group.  That group was able to set path  
> origination as a security requirement but failed to come to  
> consensus of what sort of additional path security should be required.
>
> No one in the rpsec wg argued that additional path security is NOT  
> required, it was just setting the exact security requirements for  
> security for the AS_PATH past the origination AS that was contentious.
>
> So everyone recognizes that the origination of a route to a prefix  
> is not sufficient.  But it is necessary.  It is the starting point  
> of every suggested BGP protection that provides more protection of  
> the AS_PATH.  (That I have seen.)
>
> So we'll get done with this (someday!) and we can continue with more  
> work to further protect the AS_PATH and this current work will be  
> useful in the meantime and the basis for the more work (i.e., not  
> wasted).
>

WG Co-Chair Hat ON

To add a couple more words here to Sandy's, when RPSEC can resolve  
their outstanding considerations related to the specification of  
requirements with respect to securing the AS paths of BGP route  
updates, then the charter of SIDR indicates that we can then work on  
ways to meet such requirements. And in saying this I am aware that  
this has been outstanding for some years now, and the RPSEC draft,   
draft-ietf-rpsec-bgpsecrec-10.txt is still awaiting a clear consensus  
from the RPSEC WG. However the alternative, of enjoying a word-for- 
word replay of the entire RPSEC discussion on possible AS path  
validation approaches and their relative merits in SIDR does not  
strike this particular WG co-chair as a productive activity for the  
SIDR WG. So at this point we are still awaiting RPSEC to complete on  
its charter before heading off into AS Path validation approaches.

Geoff




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Hi Geoff,

I have been thinking on the scenario introduced by a ccTLD that has  
its DNS server inside a University network and has a different routing  
policy even if inside the network. They may want to avoid accidental  
de-aggregation of the university block at large and only allowed it  
for a small portion (example the ccTLD). There is even

ROA 1: University: ROA 1: 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength = 16, AS 1.
ROA 2: ccTLD Net: ROA 2: 10.0.0.0/23 maxlength = 24, AS 1.

I can also see a case in local anycast implementations where you only  
want a more specific for the prefix you are anycasting and not  
necessarily for the rest of the possibilities.

In conclusion, I believe that overlapped ROAs will be useful and  
should be supported in RPKI architecture.

r.



On Nov 17, 2008, at 11:44 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:

> Wg chair hat off
>
> On 18/11/2008, at 9:27 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:
>
>> Geoff,
>>
>> My understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the  
>> proposed prohibition would cover all three cases that you list  
>> below. The proposal was raised by Rob Kisteleki and Rob Austein, so  
>> I defer to either of them who would like to clarify.
>>
>> Either way, it seems to be a small issue, and so I'm inclined to do  
>> whatever makes implementation of the spec easiest.
>
>
> I could possibly understand this "prohibition" if it was restricted  
> to enumeration of those cases where the 'overlap' was one where  
> there was no additional information provided in the overlap. But in  
> the cases I enumerated below only in case b) is the overlap  
> redundant in that the announced prefixes that would be matched by  
> the ROA are identical with or without the overlapping more specific.  
> In cases a) and c) the overlap defines additional more specifics
>
> Why are cases a) and c) potentially useful?
>
> One possible scenario is  in TE use, where a prefix holder wants to  
> load share across two upstreams through the use of more specifics  
> and have mutual backup via an aggregate
>
>
> ROA 1: 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength = 8 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16, AS 1
>
> ROA 2: 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength = 8 10.128.0.0/16 maxlength=16, AS 1
>
> now if I have this right what this equates to is an explicit  
> authority for AS 1 and AS 2 to advertise only a certain subset of  
> more specifics as well as the covering aggregate.
>
> There may well be other scenarios of such selective authorities.
>
>
>>
>>
>> - Matt Lepinski
>>
>> Geoff Huston wrote:
>>
>>> WG Chair hat off
>>>
>>> On 18/11/2008, at 8:01 AM, Matt Lepinski wrote:
>>>
>>>> Two issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF 73:
>>>>
>>>> 1) Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with   
>>>> overlapping prefixes?
>>>> (E.g. A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8,  
>>>> 10.10/16  and 10.20/16)
>>>
>>>
>>> What do you mean by overlap Matt?
>>>
>>> a) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=9 and 10.0.0.0/24 maxlength=24
>>>
>>> or
>>>
>>> b) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=24 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=16
>>>
>>> or
>>>
>>> c) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=17 and 10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=24
>>>
>>> seems to me that b) is the only case where the second item is   
>>> completely subsumed by the first, yet all three contain  
>>> "overlapping  prefixes"
>>>
>>> It also seems to me that all these cases are essentially harmless.
>>>
>>> My opinion is NOT to put this prohibition into the document,  
>>> assuming  of course that there is some clarity over what is meant  
>>> precisely by  "overlapping prefixes" in the first place
>>>
>>> Geoff
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hi Geoff,<div><br></div><div>I =
have been thinking on the scenario introduced by a ccTLD that has its =
DNS server inside a University network and has a different routing =
policy even if inside the network. They may want to avoid accidental =
de-aggregation of the university block at large and only allowed it for =
a small portion (example the ccTLD). There is even =
&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>ROA 1: University:&nbsp;ROA 1: =
10.0.0.0/16 maxlength =3D 16, AS 1.</div><div>ROA 2: ccTLD Net: ROA 2: =
10.0.0.0/23 maxlength =3D 24, AS 1.</div><div><br></div><div>I can also =
see a case in local anycast implementations where you only want a more =
specific for the prefix you are anycasting and =
not&nbsp;necessarily&nbsp;for the rest of the =
possibilities.</div><div><br></div><div>In conclusion, I believe =
that&nbsp;overlapped&nbsp;ROAs will be useful and should be supported in =
RPKI architecture. =
&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>r.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div=
><br></div><div><div><div>On Nov 17, 2008, at 11:44 PM, Geoff Huston =
wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div>Wg chair hat off<br><br>On 18/11/2008, at 9:27 AM, =
Matt Lepinski wrote:<br><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">Geoff,<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">My =
understanding of the discussion at the meeting was that the proposed =
prohibition would cover all three cases that you list below. The =
proposal was raised by Rob Kisteleki and Rob Austein, so I defer to =
either of them who would like to clarify.<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">Either way, it =
seems to be a small issue, and so I'm inclined to do whatever makes =
implementation of the spec easiest.<br></blockquote><br><br>I could =
possibly understand this "prohibition" if it was restricted to =
enumeration of those cases where the 'overlap' was one where there was =
no additional information provided in the overlap. But in the cases I =
enumerated below only in case b) is the overlap redundant in that the =
announced prefixes that would be matched by the ROA are identical with =
or without the overlapping more specific. In cases a) and c) the overlap =
defines additional more specifics<br><br>Why are cases a) and c) =
potentially useful?<br><br>One possible scenario is &nbsp;in TE use, =
where a prefix holder wants to load share across two upstreams through =
the use of more specifics and have mutual backup via an =
aggregate<br><br><br>ROA 1: 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength =3D 8 10.0.0.0/16 =
maxlength=3D16, AS 1<br><br>ROA 2: 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength =3D 8 =
10.128.0.0/16 maxlength=3D16, AS 1<br><br>now if I have this right what =
this equates to is an explicit authority for AS 1 and AS 2 to advertise =
only a certain subset of more specifics as well as the covering =
aggregate.<br><br>There may well be other scenarios of such selective =
authorities.<br><br><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">- Matt =
Lepinski<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">Geoff Huston =
wrote:<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">WG Chair hat off<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">On 18/11/2008, at 8:01 AM, Matt =
Lepinski wrote:<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">Two =
issues came up during the ROA Format presentation at IETF =
73:<br></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">1) =
Should the ROA Format draft explicitly prohibit a ROA with =
&nbsp;overlapping =
prefixes?<br></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">(E.g. =
A ROA that says AS # 1 can originate routes to 10/8, 10.10/16 &nbsp;and =
10.20/16)<br></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">What do you mean by overlap =
Matt?<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">a) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=3D9 and =
10.0.0.0/24 maxlength=3D24<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">or<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">b) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=3D24 and =
10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=3D16<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">or<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">c) 10.0.0.0/8 maxlength=3D17 and =
10.0.0.0/16 maxlength=3D24<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">seems to me that b) is the only =
case where the second item is &nbsp;completely subsumed by the first, =
yet all three contain "overlapping =
&nbsp;prefixes"<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">It also seems to me that all =
these cases are essentially =
harmless.<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">My opinion is NOT to put this =
prohibition into the document, assuming &nbsp;of course that there is =
some clarity over what is meant precisely by &nbsp;"overlapping =
prefixes" in the first place<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
Geoff<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><br>_______________________________________=
________<br>sidr mailing list<br><a =
href=3D"mailto:sidr@ietf.org">sidr@ietf.org</a><br><a =
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr">https://www.ietf.org/m=
ailman/listinfo/sidr</a><br></div></blockquote></div><br></div></body></ht=
ml>=

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_______________________________________________
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Samuel.
On Nov 17, 2008, at 10:28 AM, Samuel Weiler wrote:
>
>
> Item 1: May BOAs be issued only by RIRs or also by entities further  
> down the heirarchy?  From section 1:
>
>   "This document defines an application of the Resource Public Key
>   Infrastructure (RPKI) to validate the attestations of INTERNET
>   REGISTERIES that certain addresses are currently neither allocated
>   nor assigned to any party,..." (emphasis added)
>

Internet Registry > Regional Internet Registry. It includes National  
Internet Registry and Local Internet Registry.  The architecture  
document uses the term: "internet registry or LIR/ISP".

Roque.


>

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> Internet Registry > Regional Internet Registry. It includes National
> Internet Registry and Local Internet Registry.

and iana.  all register ip addresses and asns.

randy

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Cc: Samuel Weiler <weiler@watson.org>, sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
 draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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On Thu, 20 Nov 2008, Roque Gagliano wrote:

> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> Samuel.
> On Nov 17, 2008, at 10:28 AM, Samuel Weiler wrote:
>> 
>> 
>> Item 1: May BOAs be issued only by RIRs or also by entities further down 
>> the heirarchy?  From section 1:
>>
>>  "This document defines an application of the Resource Public Key
>>  Infrastructure (RPKI) to validate the attestations of INTERNET
>>  REGISTERIES that certain addresses are currently neither allocated
>>  nor assigned to any party,..." (emphasis added)
>> 
>
> Internet Registry > Regional Internet Registry. It includes National Internet 
> Registry and Local Internet Registry.  The architecture document uses the 
> term: "internet registry or LIR/ISP".

The use of the terms NIR and LIR are more common in some regions than in 
others.  Those areas where NIR and LIR are seldom used hear "RIR" when 
"registry" is mentioned.  The architecture draft goes through all the 
possibilities, but does not introduce the "Internet Registry" as the 
generic term.  Given the potential confusion on the part of some, it might 
be best to inject a parenthetical "(RIR, NIR, LIR/ISP)" in any doc that 
uses the generic term.

But the question still stands, I think.  Some entities that receive 
addresses are not RIR/NIR/LIR. Or so I believe. Is an enterprise that 
receives address space considered a registry, even if it does not 
sub-allocate?

Hm.  What about cell phones that are being handed huge blocks of IPv6 
addresses?  Don't know that anyone is thinking of running BGP from their 
cell phone, so maybe the question is moot.

--Sandy

>
> Roque.
>
>
>> 
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WG chair hat off - speaking as a co-author of the drafts in question

On 21/11/2008, at 3:51 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

>
>
> On Thu, 20 Nov 2008, Roque Gagliano wrote:
>
>> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>> Hash: SHA1
>>
>> Samuel.
>> On Nov 17, 2008, at 10:28 AM, Samuel Weiler wrote:
>>> Item 1: May BOAs be issued only by RIRs or also by entities  
>>> further down the heirarchy?  From section 1:
>>>
>>> "This document defines an application of the Resource Public Key
>>> Infrastructure (RPKI) to validate the attestations of INTERNET
>>> REGISTERIES that certain addresses are currently neither allocated
>>> nor assigned to any party,..." (emphasis added)
>>
>> Internet Registry > Regional Internet Registry. It includes  
>> National Internet Registry and Local Internet Registry.  The  
>> architecture document uses the term: "internet registry or LIR/ISP".
>
> The use of the terms NIR and LIR are more common in some regions  
> than in others.  Those areas where NIR and LIR are seldom used hear  
> "RIR" when "registry" is mentioned.  The architecture draft goes  
> through all the possibilities, but does not introduce the "Internet  
> Registry" as the generic term.  Given the potential confusion on the  
> part of some, it might be best to inject a parenthetical "(RIR, NIR,  
> LIR/ISP)" in any doc that uses the generic term.

I hear your request, but the textual change suggested seems to me to  
be no better - the generic term of an "internet registry" is used to  
describe those  entities who perform an allocation / assignment  
function for Internet number resources. If Sam's a priori  
interpretation of the term is more restricted than that broad  
intention then I can see some merit in making the change as a note in  
terminology, but I don't see it as such a big issue that it warrants a  
new rev of the documents just for this point.


>
>
> But the question still stands, I think.  Some entities that receive  
> addresses are not RIR/NIR/LIR. Or so I believe. Is an enterprise  
> that receives address space considered a registry, even if it does  
> not sub-allocate?
>
>
> Hm.  What about cell phones that are being handed huge blocks of  
> IPv6 addresses?  Don't know that anyone is thinking of running BGP  
> from their cell phone, so maybe the question is moot.
>

I smell a reductio absurdum argument being made here - I don't think  
it leads anywhere useful for me!


   Geoff


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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

>
>  The architecture draft goes through all the possibilities, but does  
> not introduce the "Internet Registry" as the generic term.

RFC 2050 does (The Internet Registry system) , maybe a ref. is enough.

> Given the potential confusion on the part of some, it might be best  
> to inject a parenthetical "(RIR, NIR, LIR/ISP)" in any doc that uses  
> the generic term.
>
> But the question still stands, I think.  Some entities that receive  
> addresses are not RIR/NIR/LIR. Or so I believe. Is an enterprise  
> that receives address space considered a registry, even if it does  
> not sub-allocate?

In the "registry policy" world, they are called "End Users".

Why we do not just use the term: "Certificate Holders", independently  
of where they are in the hierarchy?

Roque
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On Fri, 21 Nov 2008, Geoff Huston wrote:

> WG chair hat off - speaking as a co-author of the drafts in question
>
> On 21/11/2008, at 3:51 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>
>> 
>> 
>> On Thu, 20 Nov 2008, Roque Gagliano wrote:
>> 
>>> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>>> Hash: SHA1
>>> 
>>> Samuel.
>>> On Nov 17, 2008, at 10:28 AM, Samuel Weiler wrote:
>>>> Item 1: May BOAs be issued only by RIRs or also by entities further down 
>>>> the heirarchy?  From section 1:
>>>> 
>>>> "This document defines an application of the Resource Public Key
>>>> Infrastructure (RPKI) to validate the attestations of INTERNET
>>>> REGISTERIES that certain addresses are currently neither allocated
>>>> nor assigned to any party,..." (emphasis added)
>>> 
>>> Internet Registry > Regional Internet Registry. It includes National 
>>> Internet Registry and Local Internet Registry.  The architecture document 
>>> uses the term: "internet registry or LIR/ISP".
>> 
>> The use of the terms NIR and LIR are more common in some regions than in 
>> others.  Those areas where NIR and LIR are seldom used hear "RIR" when 
>> "registry" is mentioned.  The architecture draft goes through all the 
>> possibilities, but does not introduce the "Internet Registry" as the 
>> generic term.  Given the potential confusion on the part of some, it might 
>> be best to inject a parenthetical "(RIR, NIR, LIR/ISP)" in any doc that 
>> uses the generic term.
>
> I hear your request, but the textual change suggested seems to me to be no 
> better - the generic term of an "internet registry" is used to describe those 
> entities who perform an allocation / assignment function for Internet number 
> resources. If Sam's a priori interpretation of the term is more restricted 
> than that broad intention then I can see some merit in making the change as a 
> note in terminology, but I don't see it as such a big issue that it warrants 
> a new rev of the documents just for this point.


Agree not important enough to warrant a new rev on its own, but should be 
considered if a new rev is necessary for other more pressing reasons.

>
>
>> 
>> 
>> But the question still stands, I think.  Some entities that receive 
>> addresses are not RIR/NIR/LIR. Or so I believe. Is an enterprise that 
>> receives address space considered a registry, even if it does not 
>> sub-allocate?
>> 
>> 
>> Hm.  What about cell phones that are being handed huge blocks of IPv6 
>> addresses?  Don't know that anyone is thinking of running BGP from their 
>> cell phone, so maybe the question is moot.
>> 
>
> I smell a reductio absurdum argument being made here - I don't think it leads 
> anywhere useful for me!

If you mean the cell phone comment, that was an idle thought that made its 
way to my fingertips while I typed.  You can ignore it.

I would however like you to answer the question of whether there exist 
entities that might do ROAs and BOAs but are not Internet Registries.  I 
am one of those people who do not normally use the term Internet Registry 
and I do not know if it covers enterprises that receive allocations and do 
BGP.

--Sandy


>
>
> Geoff
>
>
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>

WG Chair hat OFF.

> I would however like you to answer the question of whether there  
> exist entities that might do ROAs and BOAs but are not Internet  
> Registries.  I am one of those people who do not normally use the  
> term Internet Registry and I do not know if it covers enterprises  
> that receive allocations and do BGP.
>

In some parts of the world such entities are termed "LIRs" and fall  
within the category of "Internet Registry". In other parts of the  
world they are generically referred to as ISPs, even though the term  
is loosely used to encompass all types of entities that "receive  
allocations and do BGP". Others use a mix of terms, including "End  
User" where in the context of use it is explicitly not referring to an  
individual person or an end user in the traditional sense. The draft  
used the term in the broad sense of the first usage quoted here.  
Obviously there is a wealth of terms for such use. Whatever usage  
convention SIDR might attempt to invent over and above the existing  
set might well have a rather limited context of use, and may well  
serve to add to the resultant terminology confusion rather than reduce  
it.

Geoff



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Folks,

At the SIDR meeting this week, I proposed that we add text to the ROA 
I-D to explicitly describe issuing a ROA with a reserved ASN, e.g., 
0. The intent of this convention is to prevent unauthenticated 
assertions about prefixes from being accepted during the very long, 
incremental deployment period.

I received a rousing, negative response to this proposal, so It will 
not be added to the ROA format I-D. (I do note that, even without 
establishing this convention, any ROA issuer is free to achieve the 
effect I described by issuing a ROA to any ASN that is not going to 
be allocated, e.g., ASN 0 or the ASN's being reserved for 
documentation use in an forthcoming RFC.)

Based on this response, I believe that the BOA I-D would have 
received an equally negative reception, if it had been briefed. I 
note that BOA processing requires additional logic to achieve what 
appears to be an largely equivalent effect, while the ROA convention 
I proposed has the desired effect without any new processing logic.

I am surprised that the BOA I-D, which is now in WGLC, has not 
generated any comments. So, I suggest, with regret, that the BOA I-D 
is not acceptable to the WG, but has simply not received negative 
comments because of the focus on other WG documents at this time. If 
folks believe otherwise, I'd like to hear why.

Steve
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I have been informed by Sandy that there has been considerable 
discussion on the bogon and ROA validation drafts on the SIDR list 
over the last few days. It turns out that I have NOT been receiving 
SIDR list messages since 11/11.  I apologize for the tone of my 
message, given the lack of context.

I will now try to catch up, by reading those messages.

Sorry 'bout that,

Steve
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Subject: Re: [sidr] only one RPKI
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Andy,

In looking through the SIDR archives (since I am not getting messages 
directly from the list)  I saw the following posting:

>Incidentally, I thought I heard Russ Housley say at the mike that 
>the cert format says what CP appliels and it points to this CP. If I 
>understand, using a different CP means changing the cert format. Am 
>I wrong?
>I see the following, which I presume is what Russ was referring to:
>
>3.9.8.  Certificate Policies
>
>    This extension MUST reference the Resource Certificate Policy, using
>    the OID Policy Identifier value of "1.3.6.1.5.5.7.14.2".  This field
>    MUST be present and MUST contain only this value for Resource
>    Certificates.
>
>    No PolicyQualifiers are defined for use with this policy and thus
>    none must be included in this extension.
>
>    This extension MUST be present and it is critical.

If you do not follow the CP that has the OID in the CP that is under 
discussion in SIDR, then you must not issue certs containing that OID 
in the cert policy field.  You could issue certs with a different 
policy OID, or with no policy OID. Niether would meet the criteria 
for RPKI Certs, and thus should be rejected by compliant relying 
party software.

Steve
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Steve,

Am I correct assuming that the OID will be assigned once the I-D becomes
an RFC?

But I find it rather strange that cp(14) is not registered as well. Has
it not been used in the pkix context?

Thanks,

Andrei

Stephen Kent wrote on 21-11-2008 01:41:
> Andy,
> 
> In looking through the SIDR archives (since I am not getting messages
> directly from the list)  I saw the following posting:
> 
>> Incidentally, I thought I heard Russ Housley say at the mike that the
>> cert format says what CP appliels and it points to this CP. If I
>> understand, using a different CP means changing the cert format. Am I
>> wrong?
>> I see the following, which I presume is what Russ was referring to:
>>
>> 3.9.8.  Certificate Policies
>>
>>    This extension MUST reference the Resource Certificate Policy, using
>>    the OID Policy Identifier value of "1.3.6.1.5.5.7.14.2".  This field
>>    MUST be present and MUST contain only this value for Resource
>>    Certificates.
>>
>>    No PolicyQualifiers are defined for use with this policy and thus
>>    none must be included in this extension.
>>
>>    This extension MUST be present and it is critical.
> 
> If you do not follow the CP that has the OID in the CP that is under
> discussion in SIDR, then you must not issue certs containing that OID in
> the cert policy field.  You could issue certs with a different policy
> OID, or with no policy OID. Niether would meet the criteria for RPKI
> Certs, and thus should be rejected by compliant relying party software.
> 
> Steve
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
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On 21/11/2008, at 11:48, Andrei Robachevsky wrote:

> Steve,
>
> Am I correct assuming that the OID will be assigned once the I-D  
> becomes
> an RFC?
>
> But I find it rather strange that cp(14) is not registered as well.  
> Has
> it not been used in the pkix context?
>

The PKIX OIDs are maintained at http://www.imc.org/ietf-pkix/pkix-oid.asn

Both id-cp(id-pkix 14) and id-cp-sbgpCertificatePolicy(id-cp 1) are  
already assigned.

Cheers,
     Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                 Email:  robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                Phone:    +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                             Fax:    +61 7 3858 3199





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Thanks for clarification Rob.

Andrei

Robert Loomans wrote on 21-11-2008 08:26:
> 
> On 21/11/2008, at 11:48, Andrei Robachevsky wrote:
> 
>> Steve,
>>
>> Am I correct assuming that the OID will be assigned once the I-D becomes
>> an RFC?
>>
>> But I find it rather strange that cp(14) is not registered as well. Has
>> it not been used in the pkix context?
>>
> 
> The PKIX OIDs are maintained at http://www.imc.org/ietf-pkix/pkix-oid.asn
> 
> Both id-cp(id-pkix 14) and id-cp-sbgpCertificatePolicy(id-cp 1) are
> already assigned.
> 
> Cheers,
>     Rob
> 
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On 11/20/08 7:41 PM, "Stephen Kent" <kent@bbn.com> wrote:

> If you do not follow the CP that has the OID in the CP that is under
> discussion in SIDR, then you must not issue certs containing that OID
> in the cert policy field.  You could issue certs with a different
> policy OID, or with no policy OID. Niether would meet the criteria
> for RPKI Certs, and thus should be rejected by compliant relying
> party software.

Steve,

This explanation helps my understanding significantly.  Thanks.

Regarding the rejection by complaint relying party software: this is because
the validation step includes looking for the specific OID assigned by the CP
draft?  In other words, if another CP assigned another OID and the relying
party software could be configured to additionally accommodate said OID,
then this specification suite could be used in a slightly different context?

-andy

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Andy Newton <andy@arin.net> wrote:
>
> Steve, This explanation helps my understanding significantly. Thanks.
> Regarding the rejection by complaint relying party software: this is  
> because the validation step includes looking for the specific OID  
> assigned by the CP draft? In other words, if another CP assigned  
> another OID and the relying party software could be configured to  
> additionally accommodate said OID, then this specification suite  
> could be used in a slightly different context?
This would, of course, presume that there was a pressing need for the  
community to have two CP's for two different systems that both looked  
like rPKI infrastructures, and I'll admit that I'm having trouble  
imagining why that would be desirable for our community.

/John


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<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><blockquote type="cite"><pre><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Helvetica" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; white-space: normal;"></span></font></pre></blockquote><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; ">Andy Newton &lt;<a href="mailto:andy@arin.net">andy@arin.net</a>> wrote:</span><blockquote type="cite"><pre><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Helvetica" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; white-space: normal;">Steve,

This explanation helps my understanding significantly.  Thanks.</span></font></pre><pre><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Helvetica" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; white-space: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; ">Regarding the rejection by complaint relying party software: this is because
the validation step includes looking for the specific OID assigned by the CP
draft?  In other words, if another CP assigned another OID and the relying
party software could be configured to additionally accommodate said OID,
then this specification suite could be used in a slightly different context?&nbsp;</span></span></font></pre></blockquote><div>This would, of course, presume that there was a pressing need for the community to have two CP's for two different systems that both looked like rPKI infrastructures, and I'll admit that I'm having trouble imagining why that would be desirable for our community.</div><div><br></div><div>/John</div><div><br></div></body></html>
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On Nov 18, 2008, at 9:25 AM, Henk Uijterwaal wrote:

> Robert Kisteleki wrote:
>> Hi,
>> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there  
>> are people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and  
>> should it be a WG item?

I support the work as well, and am quite interested in any
work items that further enable employment of RPKI.  I too am
left wondering if scope creep of SIDR is going to be an
issue, but I'm not sure where else in the IETF this work
would be done at the moment.

Either we need the charter here explicitly extended to
include more work on deployment and extensions to adjacent
protocols (e.g., RPSL) if the relevant working groups are
defunct, or we need a 'sidrd' WG, or an RPS WG resurrection,
or we need to discuss just how to address the issue.  I'd
also note that the very expired WG Goals and Milestones
aren't useful in providing guidance.

> I like the idea but I think this question should be asked on the RPSL
> list as well before deciding which group should pick it up.

What RPSL list are you referring to here?

-danny
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Robert Kisteleki wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there are
> people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and should
> it be a WG item?
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf

I'm happy to see this adopted as a WG item... and I will participate in
discussion and review.

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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On Nov 16, 2008, at 5:25 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>
> I assume you are referring to the situation where, for example, a  
> ROA exists for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 1, and NO ROA exists for  
> 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS2, and you are seeing a route object for  
> 10.1.0.0/16 with origin AS 2, yes?

Or perhaps 10.1.0.0/24, sure..

> The problem is that as a relying party you can't tell whether the  
> problem is with the retrieval of ROA objects or whether the route  
> object is bogus. i.e. what if the ROA for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 2  
> was published a few seconds ago, whereas your local cache of ROA  
> objects was last refreshed a day ago.  i.e. everything you have at  
> hand is valid, the manifests are good, and you are seeing something  
> that is not oin a locally held ROA, _but_ it is still valid.


This is one of the reasons timing issues need to be considered,
and one of the many reasons people stopped using explicit prefix
filters.  The route would be announced, the prefix was dropped,
the filters were updated to support the announcement, but the
route wouldn't be accepted unless the session was reset or a
route re-announcement was triggered.  You can imagine how painful
this can be across multiple AS hops.

> If there was also a BOA published for 10.1.0.0/16 then as a relying  
> party you now have grounds to believe that anything not described in  
> a valid ROA can be regarded as an invalid object. In this case there  
> is still the issue of time lag, and if the prefix holder had  
> intended to authorize 10.1.0.0/16 using AS 2 as an origination in  
> addition to AS1 then it would be incumbent on the prefix holder to  
> generate and publish the new ROA well in advance of the  
> advertisement of the new route.

So clearly, the same case holds true for the BOA.  If a BOA was
just removed from the repository a few seconds ago but as a relying
party I don't update my "accept policies" because of a problem with
the retrieval of the BOA, it's just perturbing the issue.  This could
be especially problematic during natural disasters or other similar
events where a publisher of a BOA can't update a repository or it
can't be accessed by a relying party, and therefore, route changes
that are common during those events can't happen.

> Of course there is also the other case where AS 1 insists on a ROA  
> as a precondition for originating the route, and AS 2 does not, and  
> the prefix holder performs only what is required and no more. In  
> this case both routes are valid, but only one as a ROA. In tis case  
> the problem is not one of  timing at the relying party side, and  
> will not be resolved by bring the relying party into sync with the  
> authority publisher.

Yes, I think there are lots of issues of this nature, issues which
BOAs only exacerbate.

> So the BOA is a way of implementing the RPSEC requirement of being  
> able to support environments of incremental deployment, where it is  
> not
> assured that everyone is publishing these authorities. Now if you  
> are of the view that the requirement of devising mechanisms to  
> support incremental piecemeal deployment is daft or unnecessary,  
> then perhaps this is a debate that in the IETF context should be  
> held in the context of the RPSEC WG, as the SIDR requirement here is  
> one that was gather up from the earlier RPSEC work and generate  
> mechanisms that met those requirements as stated in the RPSEC  
> documents.

I'm not entirely convinced of this yet...

Also, Sam had a query about BOAs including AS numbers, and I think
that's a good point.  Is the goal for an issue to say AS n can announce
prefix x, but no one else, that would take one ROA and two
BOAs, right? Why wouldn't that just be done implicitly with a ROA?

-danny

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WG Chair Hat _OFF_

Thanks for your comments Danny. I'll interleave some further responses  
across this.

>
> On Nov 16, 2008, at 5:25 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>>
>> I assume you are referring to the situation where, for example, a  
>> ROA exists for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 1, and NO ROA exists for  
>> 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS2, and you are seeing a route object for  
>> 10.1.0.0/16 with origin AS 2, yes?
>
> Or perhaps 10.1.0.0/24, sure..
>
>> The problem is that as a relying party you can't tell whether the  
>> problem is with the retrieval of ROA objects or whether the route  
>> object is bogus. i.e. what if the ROA for 10.1.0.0/16 origin AS 2  
>> was published a few seconds ago, whereas your local cache of ROA  
>> objects was last refreshed a day ago.  i.e. everything you have at  
>> hand is valid, the manifests are good, and you are seeing something  
>> that is not oin a locally held ROA, _but_ it is still valid.
>
>
> This is one of the reasons timing issues need to be considered,
> and one of the many reasons people stopped using explicit prefix
> filters.  The route would be announced, the prefix was dropped,
> the filters were updated to support the announcement, but the
> route wouldn't be accepted unless the session was reset or a
> route re-announcement was triggered.  You can imagine how painful
> this can be across multiple AS hops.

Entirely true, but I'm not sure where this part of the thread is  
leading in terms of the SIDR work in particular.

>
>
>> If there was also a BOA published for 10.1.0.0/16 then as a relying  
>> party you now have grounds to believe that anything not described  
>> in a valid ROA can be regarded as an invalid object. In this case  
>> there is still the issue of time lag, and if the prefix holder had  
>> intended to authorize 10.1.0.0/16 using AS 2 as an origination in  
>> addition to AS1 then it would be incumbent on the prefix holder to  
>> generate and publish the new ROA well in advance of the  
>> advertisement of the new route.
>
> So clearly, the same case holds true for the BOA.  If a BOA was
> just removed from the repository a few seconds ago but as a relying
> party I don't update my "accept policies" because of a problem with
> the retrieval of the BOA, it's just perturbing the issue.  This could
> be especially problematic during natural disasters or other similar
> events where a publisher of a BOA can't update a repository or it
> can't be accessed by a relying party, and therefore, route changes
> that are common during those events can't happen.

yes - part of the underlying consideration is the manner in which the  
validation information is propagated in relation to the route object -  
in this model the validation information is in terms of the contents  
of rpki publication point repositories, as distinct from attaching the  
validation information to the route update itself. This is what is  
referred to in the roa-validation draft as a distinction between  
"decoupled" validation, as compared to "linked" validation. There are  
relative timing issues in the decoupled model, of course.
>
>
>> Of course there is also the other case where AS 1 insists on a ROA  
>> as a precondition for originating the route, and AS 2 does not, and  
>> the prefix holder performs only what is required and no more. In  
>> this case both routes are valid, but only one as a ROA. In tis case  
>> the problem is not one of  timing at the relying party side, and  
>> will not be resolved by bring the relying party into sync with the  
>> authority publisher.
>
> Yes, I think there are lots of issues of this nature, issues which
> BOAs only exacerbate.

I don't see the reasoning which leads to your observation that BOAs  
_exacerbate_ the issue. There are much the same as the issues with  
ROAs but I don;t see the case that makes the situation worse because  
of the addition of these negative attestations in the form of BOAs.  
Perhaps an example or two may help me (and possibly others) understand  
precisely what you mean by "exacerbate" ?



>
>
>> So the BOA is a way of implementing the RPSEC requirement of being  
>> able to support environments of incremental deployment, where it is  
>> not
>> assured that everyone is publishing these authorities. Now if you  
>> are of the view that the requirement of devising mechanisms to  
>> support incremental piecemeal deployment is daft or unnecessary,  
>> then perhaps this is a debate that in the IETF context should be  
>> held in the context of the RPSEC WG, as the SIDR requirement here  
>> is one that was gather up from the earlier RPSEC work and generate  
>> mechanisms that met those requirements as stated in the RPSEC  
>> documents.
>
> I'm not entirely convinced of this yet...

fair enough - what might help? worked examples? other perspectives?
>
>
> Also, Sam had a query about BOAs including AS numbers, and I think
> that's a good point.  Is the goal for an issue to say AS n can  
> announce
> prefix x, but no one else, that would take one ROA and two
> BOAs, right? Why wouldn't that just be done implicitly with a ROA?
>

The inclusion of the AS number had just a little to do with  
origination and probably more to do with the AS path - the semantic  
intent of the inclusion of the AS number in a BOA was to say "I'm the  
holder of this AS number and I'm not using it in routing at all. If  
you see a BGP update with this AS number anywhere in the AS Path then  
that's a lie!"

regards,

Geoff

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On Nov 23, 2008, at 2:40 AM, Geoff Huston wrote:

>> Yes, I think there are lots of issues of this nature, issues which
>> BOAs only exacerbate.
>
> I don't see the reasoning which leads to your observation that BOAs  
> _exacerbate_ the issue. There are much the same as the issues with  
> ROAs but I don;t see the case that makes the situation worse because  
> of the addition of these negative attestations in the form of BOAs.  
> Perhaps an example or two may help me (and possibly others)  
> understand precisely what you mean by "exacerbate" ?

To follow your previous example, you've now got 2x or more
objects and if you can't access one, or you miss publication
of one by seconds, you're increasing your vulnerability
surface.

> The inclusion of the AS number had just a little to do with  
> origination and probably more to do with the AS path - the semantic  
> intent of the inclusion of the AS number in a BOA was to say "I'm  
> the holder of this AS number and I'm not using it in routing at all.  
> If you see a BGP update with this AS number anywhere in the AS Path  
> then that's a lie!"

But this requires full enumeration of the AS number
space with each BOA, at least two ranges spanning all
but the AS(s) listed in the ROA(s).

This seems like a bad idea to me, as a matter of security
policy expecting folks to explicitly fully enumerate what
they will not accept, or what others should not accept,
rather than letting it be an implicit "deny everything
else".

-danny

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Danny McPherson wrote:

>> I like the idea but I think this question should be asked on the RPSL
>> list as well before deciding which group should pick it up.
> 
> What RPSL list are you referring to here?

The RPSLng WG group kept its mailing list to discuss future extensions
(and a possible restart if necessary) of RPSL.   The addres was
rpslng@ripe.net.

Henk

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>

WG Chair Hat Off

>
>> The inclusion of the AS number had just a little to do with  
>> origination and probably more to do with the AS path - the semantic  
>> intent of the inclusion of the AS number in a BOA was to say "I'm  
>> the holder of this AS number and I'm not using it in routing at  
>> all. If you see a BGP update with this AS number anywhere in the AS  
>> Path then that's a lie!"
>
> But this requires full enumeration of the AS number
> space with each BOA, at least two ranges spanning all
> but the AS(s) listed in the ROA(s).
>
> This seems like a bad idea to me, as a matter of security
> policy expecting folks to explicitly fully enumerate what
> they will not accept, or what others should not accept,
> rather than letting it be an implicit "deny everything
> else".

I'm confused here Danny - are you explicitly advocating that a ROA  
should explicitly carry the semantics of "deny all else"?

Is that is the case, then from such a perspective of a ROA having a  
"deny all else" interpretation, how should incremental use / piecemeal  
deployment of ROAs be handled? Does a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 Origin AS1  
explicitly deny all other non-ROA advertisements of any prefix that is  
equal to, or a more specific of 10.0.0./8 using any other origin AS  
other than AS1? I'm not sure that this would be your intention, but it  
seem to me that this logically follows from a "deny everything else"  
semantic interpretation applied to a ROA.


regards,

   Geoff


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On Nov 24, 2008, at 4:13 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>
> I'm confused here Danny - are you explicitly advocating that a ROA  
> should explicitly carry the semantics of "deny all else"?

> Is that is the case, then from such a perspective of a ROA having a  
> "deny all else" interpretation, how should incremental use /  
> piecemeal deployment of ROAs be handled? Does a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8  
> Origin AS1 explicitly deny all other non-ROA advertisements of any  
> prefix that is equal to, or a more specific of 10.0.0./8 using any  
> other origin AS other than AS1? I'm not sure that this would be your  
> intention, but it seem to me that this logically follows from a  
> "deny everything else" semantic interpretation applied to a ROA.

No, I'm saying that if a ROA is published indicating *who* is
authorized to originate a route do I really need to fully
enumerate everyone that is NOT authorized?  Part of your case
for BOAs was in case an object couldn't be accessed - increasing
the size of the database at least 3x by adding BOAs doesn't seem
entirely amenable to supporting that motivation.

In an incremental deployment model an attestation as to the
authorized originator of a route accommodates the incremental
deployment model - if there's no ROA do what you want with
it - depref, tag, discard, whatever you want.

-danny


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WG chair hat off

On 25/11/2008, at 10:29 AM, Danny McPherson wrote:

>
> On Nov 24, 2008, at 4:13 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>>
>> I'm confused here Danny - are you explicitly advocating that a ROA  
>> should explicitly carry the semantics of "deny all else"?
>
>> Is that is the case, then from such a perspective of a ROA having a  
>> "deny all else" interpretation, how should incremental use /  
>> piecemeal deployment of ROAs be handled? Does a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8  
>> Origin AS1 explicitly deny all other non-ROA advertisements of any  
>> prefix that is equal to, or a more specific of 10.0.0./8 using any  
>> other origin AS other than AS1? I'm not sure that this would be  
>> your intention, but it seem to me that this logically follows from  
>> a "deny everything else" semantic interpretation applied to a ROA.
>
> No, I'm saying that if a ROA is published indicating *who* is
> authorized to originate a route do I really need to fully
> enumerate everyone that is NOT authorized?  Part of your case
> for BOAs was in case an object couldn't be accessed - increasing
> the size of the database at least 3x by adding BOAs doesn't seem
> entirely amenable to supporting that motivation.
>

So if I understand you correctly you are advocating that a ROA has an  
explicit semantic intention of "deny everything else"

could you explain the precise semantics of a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8  
maxlength = 9, origin AS1 as if would apply to an advertisement of  
10.1.1.0/24 origin AS1 without any ROA, and to an advertisement of  
10.1.1.0/24 origin AS2 without any ROA?


> In an incremental deployment model an attestation as to the
> authorized originator of a route accommodates the incremental
> deployment model - if there's no ROA do what you want with
> it - depref, tag, discard, whatever you want.

but hang on - you are not saying that Danny in your previous paragraph  
- you are saying that in a deny everything else, the presence of a ROA  
implicitly denies a class of other routes. I'm very confused about  
what you are saying here as you seem to me to be saying two different  
things at once.


  regards,

    Geoff

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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
	draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and
	draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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On Nov 24, 2008, at 4:50 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>
> So if I understand you correctly you are advocating that a ROA has  
> an explicit semantic intention of "deny everything else"
>
> could you explain the precise semantics of a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8  
> maxlength = 9, origin AS1 as if would apply to an advertisement of  
> 10.1.1.0/24 origin AS1 without any ROA, and to an advertisement of  
> 10.1.1.0/24 origin AS2 without any ROA?
>
>
>> In an incremental deployment model an attestation as to the
>> authorized originator of a route accommodates the incremental
>> deployment model - if there's no ROA do what you want with
>> it - depref, tag, discard, whatever you want.
>
> but hang on - you are not saying that Danny in your previous  
> paragraph - you are saying that in a deny everything else, the  
> presence of a ROA implicitly denies a class of other routes. I'm  
> very confused about what you are saying here as you seem to me to be  
> saying two different things at once.


In an incremental deployment model non-existence of a ROA should
mean an operator can do whatever they deem necessary.  If it were
me, and there was a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 origin AS 1, and I implemented
filtering (whatever that means) based on ROAs, and no other ROA
exists for anything equal to or longer than that 10.0.0.0/8 origin
AS 1, AS 1 would be the only AS from which I would accept that prefix
- I wouldn't accept ANY more-specifics from AS 1, and I certainly
wouldn't accept any route equal to or longer than 10.0.0.0/8 from
anyone else.

That'd be my incentive as an operator.  A ROA exists, I trust it,
and I trust no one else.  Then de-aggregation of that prefix or
route hijacks don't affect me for that prefix.  If you don't have
a ROA for your prefix, I can't filter on it, from you or anyone
else.  You want me to only accept it from you, see that it and any
associated ROAs exists and that'll be the only place I accept those
prefixes, with the explicit specified origin AS.  That's my peers
incentive as an operator.

So, by your interpretation, yes.  But that's me, and that's how I'd
configure my routers, and each operator can configure their routing
policy how they like in this regard.

Requiring full enumeration of who not to accept what from is only
going to induce lots of unnecessary overhead, in both policy
specification and policy application, AND certainly, churn, frequency,
and number of objects that need to be maintained in the system.

-danny
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
	draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and
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Some people now appear to want an *implicit* meaning of 'if not in  
ROA, then excluded' -but, they also somehow want this to be conditional.

Secondly, there is a semantic difference between 'all which is not  
explicitly permitted is forbidden' and 'this is explicitly forbidden'.

We have tried to make an explicit semantic around the word NOT:

	NOT prefix <x>/<y>

ie do NOT accept <x>/<y> as a valid route. Thats what a BOA says. its  
explicit what prefixes are being knocked out.

Others seem to want an *implicit* NOT. But, it appears to be a  
conditionally implicit NOT: how can you decide when it does, or does  
not apply?

This is of course two different problems:

1) how do you conditionally flag it does or doesn't apply? The ROA has  
no syntax for this
2) what is the scope of the "NOT" logic?

in an explicit (BOA) world, the scope can be any prefix(s) you like:  
its an explicit statement of intent around the NOT word.

in a world of ROA only, the only NOT you can have is "anything else"  
so its demonstrably semantically weaker.

-George
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call
 for	draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and	draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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>> The inclusion of the AS number had just a little to do with
>> origination and probably more to do with the AS path - the semantic
>> intent of the inclusion of the AS number in a BOA was to say "I'm the
>> holder of this AS number and I'm not using it in routing at all. If
>> you see a BGP update with this AS number anywhere in the AS Path then
>> that's a lie!"
> 
> But this requires full enumeration of the AS number
> space with each BOA, at least two ranges spanning all
> but the AS(s) listed in the ROA(s).
> 
> This seems like a bad idea to me, as a matter of security
> policy expecting folks to explicitly fully enumerate what
> they will not accept, or what others should not accept,
> rather than letting it be an implicit "deny everything
> else".

I think there is a lack of clarity in the BOA draft as to what the list
of ASs actually is saying:

My understanding is that the list of ASs and the list of IP prefixes is
independent (ie, logical OR), and unlike with ROAs, only the holder of
an AS can sign a BOA with that AS in it.

That is, if AS5 and 10.0.0.0/8 appear in a BOA, it means that neither
AS5 *nor* prefixes 10.0.0.0/8 and more specific should *ever* appear in
routing, together or separately.

Geoff, George, Terry, is my understanding correct?

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                                  Email: robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC                 Phone:   +61 7 3858 3100
http://www.apnic.net                              Fax:   +61 7 3858 3199

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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Nov 24 16:51:45 2008
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call
	for	draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt
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wG Chair Hat Off


On 25/11/2008, at 11:27 AM, Robert Loomans wrote:

>
>>> The inclusion of the AS number had just a little to do with
>>> origination and probably more to do with the AS path - the semantic
>>> intent of the inclusion of the AS number in a BOA was to say "I'm  
>>> the
>>> holder of this AS number and I'm not using it in routing at all. If
>>> you see a BGP update with this AS number anywhere in the AS Path  
>>> then
>>> that's a lie!"
>>
>> But this requires full enumeration of the AS number
>> space with each BOA, at least two ranges spanning all
>> but the AS(s) listed in the ROA(s).
>>
>> This seems like a bad idea to me, as a matter of security
>> policy expecting folks to explicitly fully enumerate what
>> they will not accept, or what others should not accept,
>> rather than letting it be an implicit "deny everything
>> else".
>
> I think there is a lack of clarity in the BOA draft as to what the  
> list
> of ASs actually is saying:
>
> My understanding is that the list of ASs and the list of IP prefixes  
> is
> independent (ie, logical OR), and unlike with ROAs, only the holder of
> an AS can sign a BOA with that AS in it.
>
> That is, if AS5 and 10.0.0.0/8 appear in a BOA, it means that neither
> AS5 *nor* prefixes 10.0.0.0/8 and more specific should *ever* appear  
> in
> routing, together or separately.
>
> Geoff, George, Terry, is my understanding correct?

yes, that understanding is correct.

   Geoff

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Geoff Huston wrote:
> Does a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 Origin AS1 explicitly deny all other
> non-ROA advertisements of any prefix that is equal to, or a more
> specific of 10.0.0./8 using any other origin AS other than AS1?

almost.  there might also be a roa for 10/8-33 to as42.  and we're
ignoring max prefix len here.

but the owner of the prefix has spoken formally.  things are no longer
ambiguous.  end.

randy

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Subject: Re: [sidr] RPSLSIG adoption?
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Henk Uijterwaal wrote on 23-11-2008 13:08:
> Danny McPherson wrote:
> 
>>> I like the idea but I think this question should be asked on the RPSL
>>> list as well before deciding which group should pick it up.
>>
>> What RPSL list are you referring to here?
> 
> The RPSLng WG group kept its mailing list to discuss future extensions
> (and a possible restart if necessary) of RPSL.   The addres was
> rpslng@ripe.net.
>

As far as I remember there was no formal RPSLng WG at the IETF. All work
has been carried out through an individual submission on the mailinglist
Henk mentioned.

As for the rpslsig work, I support it. We might be worried a bit about
the scope creep of SIDR, but I think that essentially the same group of
people are going to be involved in reviewing rsplsig. So I support that
SIDR takes this as a WG item.

Andrei

> Henk
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Henk Uijterwaal                           Email:
> henk.uijterwaal(at)ripe.net
> RIPE Network Coordination Centre          http://www.amsterdamned.org/~henk
> P.O.Box 10096          Singel 258         Phone: +31.20.5354414
> 1001 EB Amsterdam      1016 AB Amsterdam  Fax: +31.20.5354445
> The Netherlands        The Netherlands    Mobile: +31.6.55861746
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> Ceterum censeo Asplain esse delendam  (Cato & Henk)
> 
> _______________________________________________
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wg chair hat off

> So, by your interpretation, yes.  But that's me, and that's how I'd
> configure my routers, and each operator can configure their routing
> policy how they like in this regard.

So what I think you are saying here Danny is that:

- there should no standard for the interpretation of ROAs and its up  
to each relying party to figure out what they want to do - i.e. you  
are in effect advocating that the WG that the WG has erred in taking  
on the roa-validation draft and that the WG should abandon the roa- 
validation draft completely.

- you want to configure your environment such that you, as a relying  
party, want to interpret a ROA as including the semantics of denial of  
all other possible route objects, irrespective of the intended  
semantics of the ROA publisher.

- you do not want to use a BOA in your environment, and you want to  
stop anyone else from using as BOA in terms of a BOA as defined by an  
IETF standards document in any case.

Obviously I disagree with this approach, in that if the semantics of  
route attestations are in the eye of the beholder this entire effort  
is a complete waste of everyone's time. If the intentions of the  
creator of the object can be variably interpreted by relying parties  
then what you don't have as a result is a secure system. I'm not sure  
what you would call the outcome, but "secure" would not be a part of  
it as far as I can figure out. I'm not sure where this line of  
reasoning you are using here Danny is headed, and I really can't  
understand how it fits into the overall architecture being developed  
in SIDR.

Geoff



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WG co-Chair hat ON

Reminder: this call for comment on WG adoption of this draft finishes  
on November 28th (this Friday)


    Geoff

-----------------------------------------

Thanks for this request Robert.

I'd like to put the question to the WG to adopt this draft as a WG  
document.

Please send in your comments to the WG by Friday November 28th on this.

I'll note the comments already posted on this thread so there is no  
need to post again if you've already voiced your views on this question.

thanks,

  Geoff





On 19/11/2008, at 2:40 AM, Robert Kisteleki wrote:

> Hi,
>
> After my (rushed) presentation yesterday I'd like to ask if there  
> are people in the WG who think that this idea is worth pursuing and  
> should it be a WG item?
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
> http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>
> Regards,
> Robert
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

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i think this could be useful work.  i do not think it should be a sidr
work item.

it belongs in some ops group, not routing.  and that is where rps used
to be.

randy
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> - there should no standard for the interpretation of ROAs and its up to
> each relying party to figure out what they want to do 
> ...
and a lot of other argument by extreme

perhaps you could look at draft-pmohapat-sidr-pfx-validate-00.txt.  i do
not buy it entirely, and have sent edits to the authors.  but how the
roa fits into bgp decision making is pretty simple.

randy
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On Nov 25, 2008, at 2:28 AM, Geoff Huston wrote:

> - you do not want to use a BOA in your environment, and you want to  
> stop anyone else from using as BOA in terms of a BOA as defined by  
> an IETF standards document in any case.

For you to come to the list of conclusions above simply because
I don't like the idea of BOAs is quite a leap.  I'd prefer you not
speculate what you believe to be my position, and instead, address
the issue which lead to this discussion - convince me of the
positive value of BOAs, which I've yet to realize.

Perhaps if you'd outline a couple use cases of BOAs I'd better
understand how this is useful and provides more net benefits than
offshoots?

Thanks!

-danny
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
 draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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On Wed, 12 Nov 2008, Geoff Huston wrote:

> WG Co-Chair hat _OFF_
>
> Sandy,
>
> The authors of these two drafts now believe that all SIDR WG comments have 
> been integrated into these documents, and there are no further outstanding 
> comments to be addressed.
>
> Accordingly, we would like to request that you conduct a WG Last Call for 
> these documents in order to ensure that the WG is now comfortable with these 
> documents and all comments have been made, and to assess whether the WG is 
> now ready to move these two documents to the IESG for IESG review.
>

It is clear from the ensuing discussion that we are not close enough to 
consensus in this matter to conduct a last call.

We do need to work out the issues being raised before we can reasonably 
conduct a last call.

--Sandy

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Subject: [sidr] Two important points
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I've seen two points in this latest discussion that I think are important 
(both brought up by Geoff in some of his messages).  I'd like the wg to 
keep them in mind when analyzing validation.

First is the thorny issue of incremental deployment.  As ISPs begin to use 
this work, we will undoubtedly have cases such as:

   ATT understand the RPKI and uses certs and ROAs, but their multihomed
   customer in Bolivia, to whom they have sub-allocated some of their
   space, does not.  Just exactly what can ATT do (what gets signed by
   whom and what gets checked by whom) that will prevent a more-specific
   prefix hijacking but will not dis-enfranchize their legitimate but
   clueless customer?

   An RIR has been delegation 64/8.  Just exactly how (what gets signed by
   whom and what gets checked by whom) do we prevent annoucements of
   superblocks of and within this delegation?

We must know exactly how to validate routes with RPKI material, so we must 
settle this.

Second is the exact semantics of the ROA itself or a set of ROAs. 
It is clear that everyone is not reading from the same page for this
(which is troubling to show up this late in the specification game).
This has shown up in several messages, and the popular alternatives are
    a set of ROAs grants right to use a prefix to a set of ASs
    a set of ROAs grants right to use a prefix to a set of ASs and no
         others.

Knowing how to validate BGP route advertisements depends completely on
the semantics of a ROA, so we must settle this also.

Proponents of a solution to the first set of problems should be clear 
about what semantics they are using.  Opponents of a solution to the first 
set of problems should be clear about what semantics they are assuming are 
to be used.  Proponents and opponents of one of the semantics should be 
clear about what solution they see that is supported by the semantics they 
choose.

--Sandy
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Hey Danny,

On 26/11/2008, at 12:34 AM, Danny McPherson wrote:
>
>
> Perhaps if you'd outline a couple use cases of BOAs I'd better
> understand how this is useful and provides more net benefits than
> offshoots?

There are several use cases that come to mind, but only one I can  
anonymise and present with the organisation's permission.

Lets say XYZ Bank has a significant address holding, due to their  
engineering design they actually use globally routable unique  
addresses for all of their internal infrastructure as it makes their  
redundancy and fail-over mechanisms clean. This "infrastructure" set  
of addresses is never meant to be seen in global routing tables. (yes  
even though they have firewalls and all types of black-boxes  
protecting it). In partial deployment the BOA gives the XYZ Bank the  
higher level _policy_ power which goes beyond router configuration to  
say "our infrastructure prefixes are not to be accepted and certainly  
not routed" irrespective of any router config fumbles.

I guess in someway this might be similar to a large cable provider  
that could use a specific IPv6 range for managing their SOHO units.  
Equally those prefixes aren't intended to ever see the light of a DFZ.  
So they also might issue a BOA to that effect.

If a BOA is not available to them, the interpretation of just a ROA  
for the intended routable address space is that the prefix for the ROA  
IS accepted, but the other prefixes MAY be accepted, based on local  
(theirs and third party) router config. There is no high level  
statement to the effect of 'ONLY route prefix x/y' until full  
deployment.

I'll do my best to get permission to discuss other examples that cover  
BOA use in a full deployment environment.

Cheers
Terry
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WG Chair Hat OFF

On 26/11/2008, at 1:34 AM, Danny McPherson wrote:

>
> On Nov 25, 2008, at 2:28 AM, Geoff Huston wrote:
>
>> - you do not want to use a BOA in your environment, and you want to  
>> stop anyone else from using as BOA in terms of a BOA as defined by  
>> an IETF standards document in any case.
>
> For you to come to the list of conclusions above simply because
> I don't like the idea of BOAs is quite a leap.  I'd prefer you not
> speculate what you believe to be my position, and instead, address
> the issue which lead to this discussion - convince me of the
> positive value of BOAs, which I've yet to realize.

One way to reach understanding in a dialogue Danny is for one party to  
to reiterate their understanding of what was said by the other, to  
check that there is some level of mutual appreciation of what is being  
said. You failed to quote above, and perhaps failed to appreciate,  
that this remark of mine that you have quoted was prefaced by the  
comment:

"So what I think you are saying here Danny is that:"

Evidently I was mistaken in my understanding of what you were saying  
Danny, and I apologise if this process of reiteration has caused you  
any personal offense or triggered some personal sensitivity, but,  
frankly, if we keep on talking past each other then nothing useful  
will result in any case. So I still believe that there is some merit  
in attempting to understand the argument that is being advanced here.  
So I do want to understand your position, and yes, in so doing I find  
it helpful to reiterate back what I understand you to be saying here,  
and yes, you may interpret that as speculation on my part, and I trust  
you will continue to correct such speculation until you are happy that  
I am accurately phrasing your arguments here. If that process is not  
acceptable to you then I'm not sure where we go from here, as I  
evidently still really don't understand the argument you are advancing  
at all.

>
>
> Perhaps if you'd outline a couple use cases of BOAs I'd better
> understand how this is useful and provides more net benefits than
> offshoots?
>

Sure. So here's some use cases of BOAs:

1. I have been allocated 203.10.61.0/24. I do not use it today in any  
public routing context. It should not appear in BGP at all. I do not  
give my authorization to any AS to originate a route for this prefix,  
or any more specific of this prefix. If I generate a BOA for  
203.10.61.0/24 then my intention of saying that any use of this prefix  
in the public Internet is unauthorized is clear.

2. I have been allocated AS 131074 as an AS number. I do not use it  
today in any public routing context. It should not appear in BGP at  
all either as an origination AS nor as a transit AS in any AS path. If  
I generate a BOA for AS131074 then my intention of saying that any use  
of this AS number in the public Internet is unauthorized is clear.

3. I have been allocated 203.10.60.0/22. I wish to ensure that any  
more specific advertisement of this prefix is unauthorized. If I  
generate a BOA for 203.10.60.0/23 AND 203.10.62.0/23 then my intention  
is clear.

And a non-use case of BOAs:

4. I am a wholesale ISP, and while I allocate address space to my  
clients from my aggregate address block (10.0.0.0/8) I also permit my  
clients to use their more specific prefix at local exchanges. My AS  
number is 131072 and I have generated a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 ,  
maxlength=8  origin AS 131072. I do not have a problem with more  
specifics of 10.0.0.0/8 being used in routing contexts, as part of my  
wholesale stance. I would prefer that my ROA did not cause my  
customer's more specifics to be treated as unauthorized routes,  
irrespective of whether they are ready to use a ROA today or not.


regards,

    Geoff

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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
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On 26/11/2008, at 8:12 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

>
>
> On Wed, 12 Nov 2008, Geoff Huston wrote:
>
>> WG Co-Chair hat _OFF_
>>
>> Sandy,
>>
>> The authors of these two drafts now believe that all SIDR WG  
>> comments have been integrated into these documents, and there are  
>> no further outstanding comments to be addressed.
>>
>> Accordingly, we would like to request that you conduct a WG Last  
>> Call for these documents in order to ensure that the WG is now  
>> comfortable with these documents and all comments have been made,  
>> and to assess whether the WG is now ready to move these two  
>> documents to the IESG for IESG review.
>>
>
> It is clear from the ensuing discussion that we are not close enough  
> to consensus in this matter to conduct a last call.
>
> We do need to work out the issues being raised before we can  
> reasonably conduct a last call.
>
> --Sandy
>



WG Co-Chair hat OFF

Thanks for your response Sandy.

To the extent that this request for a WGLC on these documents has  
provoked reading of these drafts and discussion of the issues in the  
WG, this has been a very useful exercise so far. I trust that the  
deferral of this call is not seen as an excuse by interested folk to  
defer the WG discussion as well, as the debate so far has, I think,  
managed to expose some substantive issues relating to the semantics of  
these objects that I feel remain as yet unresolved in terms of  
achieving consensus, rough or otherwise.

regards,

    Geoff

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To: Geoff Huston <gih@apnic.net>, Danny McPherson <danny@tcb.net>
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2008 21:25:33 -0500
Thread-Topic: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
	draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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Perhaps these should be considered for informative text in an I-D.

-andy


On 11/25/08 8:39 PM, "Geoff Huston" <gih@apnic.net> wrote:

> Sure. So here's some use cases of BOAs:
>
> 1. I have been allocated 203.10.61.0/24. I do not use it today in any
> public routing context. It should not appear in BGP at all. I do not
> give my authorization to any AS to originate a route for this prefix,
> or any more specific of this prefix. If I generate a BOA for
> 203.10.61.0/24 then my intention of saying that any use of this prefix
> in the public Internet is unauthorized is clear.
>
> 2. I have been allocated AS 131074 as an AS number. I do not use it
> today in any public routing context. It should not appear in BGP at
> all either as an origination AS nor as a transit AS in any AS path. If
> I generate a BOA for AS131074 then my intention of saying that any use
> of this AS number in the public Internet is unauthorized is clear.
>
> 3. I have been allocated 203.10.60.0/22. I wish to ensure that any
> more specific advertisement of this prefix is unauthorized. If I
> generate a BOA for 203.10.60.0/23 AND 203.10.62.0/23 then my intention
> is clear.
>
> And a non-use case of BOAs:
>
> 4. I am a wholesale ISP, and while I allocate address space to my
> clients from my aggregate address block (10.0.0.0/8) I also permit my
> clients to use their more specific prefix at local exchanges. My AS
> number is 131072 and I have generated a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 ,
> maxlength=8  origin AS 131072. I do not have a problem with more
> specifics of 10.0.0.0/8 being used in routing contexts, as part of my
> wholesale stance. I would prefer that my ROA did not cause my
> customer's more specifics to be treated as unauthorized routes,
> irrespective of whether they are ready to use a ROA today or not.

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On Wed, Nov 26, 2008 at 12:39:07PM +1100, Geoff Huston wrote:
> 3. I have been allocated 203.10.60.0/22. I wish to ensure that any  
> more specific advertisement of this prefix is unauthorized. If I  
> generate a BOA for 203.10.60.0/23 AND 203.10.62.0/23 then my intention  
> is clear.

How far down do you have to generate the BOAs?
Do you have to generate BOAS for the 4 /24s and the 8 /25s and the ... ?
Or do the two /23s cover all the possible more specifics?

Andrew Partan
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Andy Newton wrote:
> Perhaps these should be considered for informative text in an I-D.

i think we are missing something more basic, a clear, simple, concise,
terse, and rigorous definition of the semantics of a roa.

then, and only then, can we start to discuss the need/use of a boa.

randy
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1, 2, and 4 are uninteresting to me, not worth the additional complexity.

> 3. I have been allocated 203.10.60.0/22. I wish to ensure that any more
> specific advertisement of this prefix is unauthorized. If I generate a
> BOA for 203.10.60.0/23 AND 203.10.62.0/23 then my intention is clear.

ROA 203.10.60.0/22-22

the owner of the prefix has spoken.  that is what may be announced and
that is all that may be announced.

as nw once said "i did not leave that out because i ran out of ink."

randy
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> Lets say XYZ Bank has a significant address holding, due to their
> engineering design they actually use globally routable unique addresses
> for all of their internal infrastructure as it makes their redundancy
> and fail-over mechanisms clean. 

so they are not harmed if, during transition, others fat finger it into
the dfz.  next.

if they really care, issue a roa for it to their real provider, to a
private asn, to asn 0, or whatever.  no one cares, least of all the owner.

randy
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On 26/11/2008, at 2:46 PM, Randy Bush wrote:

>> Lets say XYZ Bank has a significant address holding, due to their
>> engineering design they actually use globally routable unique  
>> addresses
>> for all of their internal infrastructure as it makes their redundancy
>> and fail-over mechanisms clean.
>
> so they are not harmed if, during transition, others fat finger it  
> into
> the dfz.  next.
>

I wouldn't say they are 'not harmed'. What they consider harm, is  
clearly different to a network purist sense.

> if they really care, issue a roa for it to their real provider, to a
> private asn, to asn 0, or whatever.  no one cares, least of all the  
> owner.
>

They certainly care. The issue I see with either a AS0 or private AS  
use is that it isn't allocated in the resource allocation hierarchy,  
unless all RIRs are issued with AS0 and AS64512 through to AS65535 by  
IANA, and then the RIRs subsequently simultaneously issued to all RIR  
members. Knowing that ROA's can only be issued based on the AS and IP  
resources allocated by the parent. This just seems wrong to me.

I made the comment at the mic that this type of de-attestation is  
contrary to the allocation hierarchy function as it stands - I guess  
people missed the underlying issue I was getting at focusing only on  
the label.

Terry
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On 26/11/2008, at 2:43 PM, Randy Bush wrote:

> 1, 2, and 4 are uninteresting to me, not worth the additional  
> complexity.
>
>> 3. I have been allocated 203.10.60.0/22. I wish to ensure that any  
>> more
>> specific advertisement of this prefix is unauthorized. If I  
>> generate a
>> BOA for 203.10.60.0/23 AND 203.10.62.0/23 then my intention is clear.
>
> ROA 203.10.60.0/22-22
>
> the owner of the prefix has spoken.  that is what may be announced and
> that is all that may be announced.
>
> as nw once said "i did not leave that out because i ran out of ink."
>
> randy
> _______________________________________________

In the context of BOA, you complained Randy, that a BOA compelled  
people lower, more specific to issue ROA to override the BOA. you  
complained, that they are unnecessarily brought into the process and  
cannot exist as non-secured routing people, unless they do this. You  
complained about the compulsion element.

But, your statement above COMPELS any more specific, to issue a valid  
ROA, to prove their routes are acceptable. It has exactly the same  
property. Exactly.

Whereas, with a BOA, you can choose to formally disclaim, or not  
disclaim, more specifics. The  choice is left with the relying party,  
*unless* a BOA is issued.

-george
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last
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 and	draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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George Michaelson wrote:
> 
> On 26/11/2008, at 2:43 PM, Randy Bush wrote:
> 
>> 1, 2, and 4 are uninteresting to me, not worth the additional complexity.
>>
>>> 3. I have been allocated 203.10.60.0/22. I wish to ensure that any more
>>> specific advertisement of this prefix is unauthorized. If I generate a
>>> BOA for 203.10.60.0/23 AND 203.10.62.0/23 then my intention is clear.
>>
>> ROA 203.10.60.0/22-22
>>
>> the owner of the prefix has spoken.  that is what may be announced and
>> that is all that may be announced.
>>
>> as nw once said "i did not leave that out because i ran out of ink."
>>
>> randy
>> _______________________________________________
> 
> In the context of BOA, you complained Randy, that a BOA compelled people
> lower, more specific to issue ROA to override the BOA. you complained,
> that they are unnecessarily brought into the process and cannot exist as
> non-secured routing people, unless they do this. You complained about
> the compulsion element.
> 
> But, your statement above COMPELS any more specific, to issue a valid
> ROA, to prove their routes are acceptable.

if the owner wanted to allow longer prefix(es) to be announced, they
could have issued roa(s) for the longer prefix(es).

yes, once you have secured a prefix, longer matches must also be
secured.  this is a good thing.

randy
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call
 for	draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and	draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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> Knowing that ROA's can only be issued based on the AS and IP resources
> allocated by the parent.

whoops!  no.  the asn in the roa is not signed or otherwise authorized.

if the prefix owner chooses to issue a road for P to A, that does not
mean A must announce it or A agrees.

randy
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From sidr-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Nov 25 22:23:48 2008
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On 26/11/2008, at 2:07 PM, Randy Bush wrote:

> Andy Newton wrote:
>> Perhaps these should be considered for informative text in an I-D.
>
> i think we are missing something more basic, a clear, simple, concise,
> terse, and rigorous definition of the semantics of a roa.
>
> then, and only then, can we start to discuss the need/use of a boa.
>
> randy
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

from the roa draft:

2.1.3.2. eContent

   The content of a ROA identifies a single AS that has been authorized
   by the address space holder to originate routes and a list of one or
   more IP address prefixes that will be advertised.  If the address
   space holder needs to authorize multiple ASes to advertise the same
   set of address prefixes, the holder issues multiple ROAs, one per AS
   number.

and

4. Security Considerations


....   The purpose of a ROA is to convey authorization for an AS to
   originate a route to the prefix(es) in the ROA.

these are basic, clear, simple, concise, terse, and rigorous  
definition of the semantics of a roa.

-George
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> 2.1.3.2. eContent
> 
>   The content of a ROA identifies a single AS that has been authorized
>   by the address space holder to originate routes and a list of one or
>   more IP address prefixes that will be advertised.  If the address
>   space holder needs to authorize multiple ASes to advertise the same
>   set of address prefixes, the holder issues multiple ROAs, one per AS
>   number.
> 
> and
> 
> 4. Security Considerations
> 
> 
> ....   The purpose of a ROA is to convey authorization for an AS to
>   originate a route to the prefix(es) in the ROA.
> 
> these are basic, clear, simple, concise, terse, and rigorous definition
> of the semantics of a roa.

and incomplete.  for example, this does not deal with netmask and max
len issues.

randy
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On 26/11/2008, at 4:26 PM, Randy Bush wrote: (quoting ggm, who quotes  
the roa draft)

>> 2.1.3.2. eContent
>>
>>  The content of a ROA identifies a single AS that has been authorized
>>  by the address space holder to originate routes and a list of one or
>>  more IP address prefixes that will be advertised.  If the address
>>  space holder needs to authorize multiple ASes to advertise the same
>>  set of address prefixes, the holder issues multiple ROAs, one per AS
>>  number.
>>
>> and
>>
>> 4. Security Considerations
>>
>>
>> ....   The purpose of a ROA is to convey authorization for an AS to
>>  originate a route to the prefix(es) in the ROA.
>>
>> these are basic, clear, simple, concise, terse, and rigorous  
>> definition
>> of the semantics of a roa.
>
> and incomplete.  for example, this does not deal with netmask and max
> len issues.
>
> randy

As Yakov Rekhter might say in IDR "please send text"

ie, if you dislike these words, please instead of just knocking down,  
can you help construct?

noting netmask, maxlen, which clearly removed the 'rigorous' -what  
else is wrong with the text?

-George
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On 26/11/2008, at 4:22 PM, Randy Bush wrote:

>> Knowing that ROA's can only be issued based on the AS and IP  
>> resources
>> allocated by the parent.
>
> whoops!  no.  the asn in the roa is not signed or otherwise  
> authorized.


..sigh.. I'm _sure_ I read in one of the many documents that an ASN  
had to be in a signed state somewhere.

(off looking...)

Terry
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> ie, if you dislike these words, please instead of just knocking down,
> can you help construct?

see wrestling with pigs.  and this is my last go on this for today.

> noting netmask, maxlen, which clearly removed the 'rigorous' -what else
> is wrong with the text?

it does not even say that if there is a roa specifying that A may
announce P, that, in the absence of a roa saying that B may also
announce P, an announcement of P by B should be rejected.

it should. the owner stated their intent.  if they had intended B to
announce, they could and should have said so.  they did not run out of
ink or lack the pen.

in fact, it strangely says the opposite,

"While the presence of a valid ROA that matches the advertisement is a
strong indication that an advertisement matches the authority provided
by the prefix holder to advertise the prefix into the routing system,
the absence of a ROA or the invalidity of a covering ROA does not
provide a conclusive indication that the advertisement has been
undertaken without the address holder's permission ..."

to me that is a whole lot of broken words merely in order to justify boas.

randy
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On 26/11/2008, at 3:28 PM, Terry Manderson wrote:
>  The issue I see with either a AS0 or private AS use is that it  
> isn't allocated in the resource allocation hierarchy, unless all  
> RIRs are issued with AS0 and AS64512 through to AS65535 by IANA, and  
> then the RIRs subsequently simultaneously issued to all RIR members.  
> Knowing that ROA's can only be issued based on the AS and IP  
> resources allocated by the parent.


I'll walk back from this politely.. Indeed there is nothing in the  
RPKI drafts which requires that any ASN be in a signed or certified  
state.

(I must have been smoking something really good at the time ;-)

Terry
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>   ATT understand the RPKI and uses certs and ROAs, but their multihomed
>   customer in Bolivia, to whom they have sub-allocated some of their
>   space, does not.  Just exactly what can ATT do (what gets signed by
>   whom and what gets checked by whom) that will prevent a more-specific
>   prefix hijacking but will not dis-enfranchize their legitimate but
>   clueless customer?

AT&T owns the prefix.  they are responsible for the routing.  they issue
  o a ROA for the whole prefix to their own ASN with max-len as they
    announce it
  o a ROA for the sub-alloc to customer's ASN with max-len that AT&T is
    willing to get whines for routing table pollution

>   An RIR has been delegation 64/8.  Just exactly how (what gets signed by
>   whom and what gets checked by whom) do we prevent annoucements of
>   superblocks of and within this delegation?

the rir has no authority to prevent anything of the superblock, e.g.
64/7, because 65/8 is not theirs to control.

blocks within 64/8 will be ROAed by the folk to whom the rir allocates.

blocks within 64/8 which have not been allocated may be announced by
anyone, and there is no roa to contradict them.

the rir should not issue a roa for 64/8-8 to itself because then they
would have to become involved in issuing ROAs for the allocatees which
are not capable of issuing ROAs themselves.

yes, during roll-out, the spammers can still source from unused rir
space, though not unused iana space, as iana can blackhole ROA the whole
/8.  but the primary goal is to secure correct routing, not to prevent
spam.

> Second is the exact semantics of the ROA itself or a set of ROAs. It is
> clear that everyone is not reading from the same page for this
> (which is troubling to show up this late in the specification game).
> This has shown up in several messages, and the popular alternatives are
>    a set of ROAs grants right to use a prefix to a set of ASs
>    a set of ROAs grants right to use a prefix to a set of ASs and no
>         others.

as i said in a previous message, imiho the latter.

note that, in the first section, if the rir was to issue
    64/8-8 A(rir)
and an allocatee issues
    64.42/24-24 A(allocatee)
the router has to recognize that the latter means accept an announcement
of 64.42/24 from A(allocatee) despite the mismatch to 64/8-8 A(rir).

but, as i said above, i do not advise the rir to issue the 64/8-8
A(rir).  they are the only ones in the chain, iana, rir, nir, lir, lir,
user, which is ill advised to do so.

randy
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Request for WG Last Call for
 draft-ietf-sidr-bogons-02.txt and draft-ietf-sidr-roa-validation-01.txt
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I've seen use cases developed into an i-d in other working groups, but 
that involves a lot of effort to ensure the list is complete and 
consistent.  I mention two, Geoff has added four more.  It would take time 
to be complete - do we want to take the time?

One aspect of the use cases is new operational practices that may arise 
from different approaches.  (For example: if I'm worried that my customers 
may be impacted if they do not sign ROAs, perhaps I automatically do it 
for all customers as part of allocation.  But then we'd have to look 
carefully about moving out-sourced-CA services from me to my customer at 
some point.  This is NOT NOT NOT a definite suggestion, just an example of 
my belief that operational practices will be induced by any solution.)

--Sandy

On Tue, 25 Nov 2008, Andy Newton wrote:

> Perhaps these should be considered for informative text in an I-D.
>
> -andy
>
>
> On 11/25/08 8:39 PM, "Geoff Huston" <gih@apnic.net> wrote:
>
>> Sure. So here's some use cases of BOAs:
>>
>> 1. I have been allocated 203.10.61.0/24. I do not use it today in any
>> public routing context. It should not appear in BGP at all. I do not
>> give my authorization to any AS to originate a route for this prefix,
>> or any more specific of this prefix. If I generate a BOA for
>> 203.10.61.0/24 then my intention of saying that any use of this prefix
>> in the public Internet is unauthorized is clear.
>>
>> 2. I have been allocated AS 131074 as an AS number. I do not use it
>> today in any public routing context. It should not appear in BGP at
>> all either as an origination AS nor as a transit AS in any AS path. If
>> I generate a BOA for AS131074 then my intention of saying that any use
>> of this AS number in the public Internet is unauthorized is clear.
>>
>> 3. I have been allocated 203.10.60.0/22. I wish to ensure that any
>> more specific advertisement of this prefix is unauthorized. If I
>> generate a BOA for 203.10.60.0/23 AND 203.10.62.0/23 then my intention
>> is clear.
>>
>> And a non-use case of BOAs:
>>
>> 4. I am a wholesale ISP, and while I allocate address space to my
>> clients from my aggregate address block (10.0.0.0/8) I also permit my
>> clients to use their more specific prefix at local exchanges. My AS
>> number is 131072 and I have generated a ROA for 10.0.0.0/8 ,
>> maxlength=8  origin AS 131072. I do not have a problem with more
>> specifics of 10.0.0.0/8 being used in routing contexts, as part of my
>> wholesale stance. I would prefer that my ROA did not cause my
>> customer's more specifics to be treated as unauthorized routes,
>> irrespective of whether they are ready to use a ROA today or not.
>
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Subject: [sidr] the meaning of the RPKI
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> i think we are missing something more basic, a clear, simple, concise,
> terse, and rigorous definition of the semantics of a roa.
>
> then, and only then, can we start to discuss the need/use of a boa.

This seems to be a divergent view from the recent proclamation that  
BOAs are nothing more than ROA "syntactic sugar". Or is it an evolved  
(mis)understanding?

If nothing else, BOAs have brought to our attention that there is lack  
of coherent understanding regarding the deployment of a catholic  
RPKI.  Is its true purpose merely to give us faith that what has been  
published is the true word, or must all relying parties interpret the  
bits devoutly?  If there is no strict adherence to devotion, shouldn't  
the available expression of the bits also be less limiting?

-andy

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Pardon this message as I try to find out while I still am not 
receiving SIDR messages in my BBN mailbox.

Steve
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I have mixed feelings about this proposal.

I do not object in principle to signed RPSL, and using an EE cert 
from the RPKI to verify signed RPSL data seems reasonable as well.

However, I worry that we need to tightly restrict which RPSL data can 
be validated using an RPKI cert. My concern is that it would be easy 
for folks to misinterpret the extent of what an RPLI cert attests to, 
and thus accord signed RPSL data more trust than it deserves. I also 
worry that using RPKI certs for this purpose might cause folks to 
want to have Subject names be meaningful, not arbitrary, as now 
required by our specs. So, if Robert is comfortable with imposing 
these sorts of constraints, I think it appropriate to make this a 
work item.

Finally, I am also very sympathetic to the non-technical issue Randy 
cited, i.e., will adoption of this as a WG item distract us from the 
rest of the work we are already pursuing? Our first priority should 
be to focus on the 11 extant WG documents, achieve consensus, and 
progress them to RFCs.

Steve
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On 26/11/2008, at 4:53 PM, Randy Bush wrote:

>> ie, if you dislike these words, please instead of just knocking down,
>> can you help construct?
>
> see wrestling with pigs.  and this is my last go on this for today.

I find this comment offensive, and if the intention was to belittle  
me, then it has certainly succeeded.


>
>> noting netmask, maxlen, which clearly removed the 'rigorous' -what  
>> else
>> is wrong with the text?
>
> it does not even say that if there is a roa specifying that A may
> announce P, that, in the absence of a roa saying that B may also
> announce P, an announcement of P by B should be rejected.

So, although previously you have said that you do not wish downstream  
players to be brought into this process involuntarily, and you have  
also stated that we should respect current ISP/Operator practice,  
which includes holders of aggregate/covering blocks announcing that  
block, but permitting specific prefixes to be multihomed and announced  
as more specifics, you now say that in this emerging reality, if a ROA  
exists for the superblock then a consequence is that *ALL*  
announcements for more specifics *MUST* be covered by a ROA, even  
during the partial deployment scenario.

IE you are now a 'maximalist' and believe that the act of a superior  
delegate LIR/ISP issuing a ROA requires all downstream participants  
with routing rights in that block, to become full-blown players in RPKI?

Can I just confirm that on-record Randy?

>
>
> it should. the owner stated their intent.  if they had intended B to
> announce, they could and should have said so.  they did not run out of
> ink or lack the pen.
>
> in fact, it strangely says the opposite,
>
> "While the presence of a valid ROA that matches the advertisement is a
> strong indication that an advertisement matches the authority provided
> by the prefix holder to advertise the prefix into the routing system,
> the absence of a ROA or the invalidity of a covering ROA does not
> provide a conclusive indication that the advertisement has been
> undertaken without the address holder's permission ..."
>
> to me that is a whole lot of broken words merely in order to justify  
> boas.

Randy, the text *I* posted to you, came from the ---> R.O.A. <---  
draft, which is authored by Steve Kent and others. It has *NO*  
reference to BOA, none at all.

If you wish to critique the formalisms over a ROA, the canonical text  
is in the ROA draft, and if you wish to discuss the ROA draft, and its  
definitional language, then I think you should discuss the ROA draft.

Not the BOA draft, which of course, is a different draft. Nor this  
draft you cite in fact.

What you quoted was the validation draft. This does not define the  
ROA. It is a draft where we discuss validation of routing, as it says  
in the title:

	Validation of Route Origination in BGP using the Resource Certificate  
PKI

-George

>
>
> randy

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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-kisteleki-sidr-rpsl-sig-00.txt
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Stephen Kent wrote:
> However, I worry that we need to tightly restrict which RPSL data can be 
> validated using an RPKI cert. My concern is that it would be easy for 
> folks to misinterpret the extent of what an RPLI cert attests to, and 
> thus accord signed RPSL data more trust than it deserves. I also worry 
> that using RPKI certs for this purpose might cause folks to want to have 
> Subject names be meaningful, not arbitrary, as now required by our 
> specs. So, if Robert is comfortable with imposing these sorts of 
> constraints, I think it appropriate to make this a work item.

Section (2) of the draft says:

"2.  Meaning of a signature

    By signing an RPSL object, the signer of the object expresses that:
    o  they have the right to use the resource that the object refers to
       (ie. found as the primary key or in some other field of the
       object);
    o ..."

So in fact I already restrict the usage to only those type of objects that 
have something to to with actual number resources (ie. this excludes person 
objects). I'd be less comfortable to state *in this document* that the 
certificate subject names should not be meaningful; I'd defer that to the 
higher level documents such as the certificate profile and architecture 
documents. However, since this is only redundancy, not a new requirement, 
I'm not specifically against this.

Robert
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I would support adoption of the draft.
and would like to read and review.

In Japan, an implementing project for digital signature
in IRR is going on. It has a tentative specification for
operational test.

It has different assumptions on signers from the draft.
But essentials of its syntax and motivation of securing
mirrored objects are very similar.
The implementers seems having interest on the draft as
a working item of the WG.

 -- kimura taiji
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Subject: Re: [sidr] One and only one RPKI
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piggybacking, a question that has been bugging me , what is an RPKI?

Is it an 'object class' of which the one discussed within sidr is an object
instance?

or is it something invented by sidr/RPSEC/IETF etc and does not 
exist outside this?

I have been through the I-Ds and they all seem to take this knowledge
as a prerequisite but without any normative reference thereto.

Perhaps draft-ietf-sidr-arch could contain an explanation (and an expansion 
of  RPKI when first it appears:-).

Tom Petch


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Andy Newton" <andy@arin.net>
To: <sidr@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, November 18, 2008 4:17 PM
Subject: [sidr] One and only one RPKI


> After witnessing the CP document discussion, I'm left wondering if there is
> to be one and only one RPKI.  Does the IETF endorse a specific RPKI?  Can
> the IETF restrict any RPKI use to policies of this CP?
> 
> -andy
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> sidr@ietf.org
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if indeed there is agreement on one and only one RPKI, then
one of the primary advantages of using the IP protocols will
be lost.

there is -zero- requirement for full, continious interconnectivity
in the base IP protocol. creation of a mandate for a single, one
and only RPKI, forces folks into an always on, always connected
mode ...  and i am not sure how well this presumption will work
for things like mannet/monnet networking.

--bill

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bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:
> if indeed there is agreement on one and only one RPKI, then
> one of the primary advantages of using the IP protocols will
> be lost.
> 
> there is -zero- requirement for full, continious interconnectivity
> in the base IP protocol. creation of a mandate for a single, one
> and only RPKI, forces folks into an always on, always connected
> mode ...  and i am not sure how well this presumption will work
> for things like mannet/monnet networking.

it's even worse than that.  an rpki based on rfc 3779 extensions to
x.509 does not even work with the martian/venusian network which uses
campai routing with non-contiguous netmasks as desribed in

Paul Tsuchiya*, "Efficient and Flexible Hierarchical Address
Assignment," Proceedings INET 92, Kobe Japan, June 1992 [0]

and rfc 1219.

randy

--

[0] - embarrassingly, the isoc seems unable to keep all papers presented
      at its conferences online.
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