
From pmohapat@cisco.com  Sun Aug  1 23:20:06 2010
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From: Pradosh Mohapatra <pmohapat@cisco.com>
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To: Jeffrey Haas <jhaas@pfrc.org>
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Cc: "Sriram, Kotikalapudi" <kotikalapudi.sriram@nist.gov>, sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [sidr] Comment about aggregators and AS_SETs
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I support Jeff's proposal for matching the "first AS after AS_SET" with =
the=20
[AS4_]AGGREGATOR attribute. If I understand correctly, the suggestion is =
to
follow the below algorithm for deriving origin_as:

1. origin_as =3D rightmost AS in the final AS_SEQUENCE of the AS_PATH =
attribute
2. If the UPDATE carries [AS4_]AGGREGATOR and AS_SET attributes
         if (first AS after AS_SET =3D=3D AS encoded in =
[AS4_]AGGREGATOR), then
             origin_as =3D first AS after AS_SET
         else
             origin_as =3D NONE

Sriram, a quick question on your enumeration tree: the right hand side =
in the tree
starts with "No AS_SET", but later you have nodes that say "Matches the =
first AS
after AS_SET"... What does that mean? Also, IMO, the attack vector you =
mention
in the slides are more related to path validation than origin =
validation.

- Pradosh=

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Mon Aug  2 09:03:21 2010
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From: Jeffrey Haas <jhaas@pfrc.org>
To: Pradosh Mohapatra <pmohapat@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Comment about aggregators and AS_SETs
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On Sun, Aug 01, 2010 at 11:20:48PM -0700, Pradosh Mohapatra wrote:
> I support Jeff's proposal for matching the "first AS after AS_SET" with the 
> [AS4_]AGGREGATOR attribute.

Just to be clear, this is Sriram's proposal.  I'm just suggesting some
additional language for protocol clarity. :-)

> If I understand correctly, the suggestion is to
> follow the below algorithm for deriving origin_as:
> 
> 1. origin_as = rightmost AS in the final AS_SEQUENCE of the AS_PATH attribute
> 2. If the UPDATE carries [AS4_]AGGREGATOR and AS_SET attributes
>          if (first AS after AS_SET == AS encoded in [AS4_]AGGREGATOR), then
>              origin_as = first AS after AS_SET
>          else
>              origin_as = NONE

Since this has come up again, let's try to formalize this according to 
RFC 4271 AS_PATH semantics.

RFC 4271, section 5.1.2 provides the context of "left" and "right" with
regard to the AS_PATH.  

-------8<---- cut here ---->8-------

0. In the presence of the RFC 4893 AS4_PATH path attribute, the AS_PATH
   SHALL first be reconstructed per RFC 4893 rules.
   
   If the AS_PATH cannot be successfully re-constructed or there is
   structural or semantic ambiguity with regard to AS numbers or path
   segment types, the origin AS SHALL be treated as None.

1. If the AS_PATH segment types solely consist of confederation segment
   types, then the origin AS SHALL be treated as Local.

2. If there is no segment type of AS_SEQUENCE, then the origin AS SHALL be
   treated as None.

3. If the rightmost path segment type is AS_SEQUENCE, then the origin AS
   SHALL be the rightmost AS in the AS_PATH.

4. If the rightmost path segment type is NOT an AS_SEQUENCE, then locate the
   rightmost path segment of type AS_SEQUENCE.

   If an AGGREGATOR path attribute is present, including the reconstructed
   AGGREGATOR per RFC 4893 rules, and the rightmost AS of the rightmost path
   segment of type AS_SEQUENCE matches the AGGREGATOR AS, then this AS SHALL
   be treated as the origin AS.

   If the rightmost AS of the rightmost path segment of type AS_SEQUENCE
   does not match the AGGREGATOR AS, then the origin AS SHALL be treated as
   None.

   If no AGGREGATOR path attribute is present, then the rightmost AS of the
   rightmost path segment of type AS_SEQUENCE MAY be treated as the origin
   AS.

-------8<---- cut here ---->8-------

(Renumber the base as you feel appropriate.)

Discussion:

4-byte ASes (RFC 4893) introduces some interesting headaches for purposes of
choosing our AS for origin validation.  In the simplest possible case, we
must always reconstruct the path according to the rules prior to choosing
the origin AS.  If we fail reconstruction (more on that below), then we
probably shouldn't use the original AS_PATH for purposes of doing origin
authentication.

Our two malicious cases when reconstruction fails are that the AS_PATH has
been tampered with but that the AS4_PATH is correct or vice-versa.

Our non-malicious case has to do with ambiguities in RFC 4893 that should
probably be clarified prior to placing a dependency on this mechanism for
origin validation.  The problem comes with the rules for reconstruction:

:   If the number of AS numbers in the AS_PATH attribute is larger than
:   or equal to the number of AS numbers in the AS4_PATH attribute, then
:   the AS path information SHALL be constructed by taking as many AS
:   numbers and path segments as necessary from the leading part of the
:   AS_PATH attribute, and then prepending them to the AS4_PATH attribute
:   so that the AS path information has an identical number of AS numbers
:   as the AS_PATH attribute. 

Effectively this says that you ignore mis-matches in the ASes.  E.g.

AS_PATH: 1 2 3 4
AS4_PATH:    3 7

Similarly, the RFC is unclear about the case when the ASes are correct but
the structural semantics don't match:

AS_PATH: 1 2 3 4
AS4_PATH:   [3 4]

I don't intend to try to drive clarification of RFC 4893 within SIDR - I owe
my comments to the author of the -bis document in IDR.  However, I would
suggest that this clarification is an important issue for SIDR and should be
monitored.

An additional point that John Scudder had pointed out to me is that valid
"brief" AS_PATH aggregation may yield an AS_PATH and an AGGREGATOR where the
above rules would fail.  E.g.:

AS_PATH1: 1 2 3
AS_PATH2: 1 4 5

Aggregated path: 1 [2 3 4 5]

If AS 100 is the aggregating AS, then the AGGREGATOR AS will not match the
right-most AS.  Sriram's analysis of existing BGP routing data
shows that this isn't problematic.  I would recommend that this case should
be documented for completeness.

-- Jeff

From tim@ripe.net  Wed Aug  4 01:09:34 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] key rollover and algorithm migration
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Hi,

On 7/26/10 9:59 AM, Geoff Huston wrote:
> 
> On 14/07/2010, at 12:36 PM, Geoff Huston wrote:
> 
>>>> - Key roll-over algorithm
>>>>
>>>> Our software currently implements a specific way to do roll-overs. At
>>>> the time we implemented this it wasn't 100% clear to us how this
>>>> *should* be done, and indeed whether there should be some prescribed way
>>>> to do this.
>>>
>>> I believe that we need to have a single, prescribed way to do this; each CA needs to know what is expected of it by its subordinate CAs and by all RPs. I believe we should have a separate document that clearly articulates what a CA is required to do. There are CA-local aspects to this procedure, as Geoff's text notes.  The parameters for those belong in the CPS for the CA. The current description is not normative and I think that needs to change.
>>>
>>
>>
>> You are proposing that the procedure as described in section 8 of  draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-18.txt be placed into a normative form in its own document?
> 
> 
> In collaboration with George Michaelson and Steve Kent, we have lifted out section 8 of draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-18.txt and placed into a normative form in its own document. This is in the drafts repository as draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.
> 
> I would like to request via the WG chairs that the WG adopt this document as a WG document.

I am not sure what the procedure is, but I'd like to +1 this for adoption.

Cheers
Tim

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 08:24:14 2010
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Subject: [sidr] Comments on draft-pmohapat-sidr-origin-validation-signaling
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In addition to the energetic discussion about the terminology for the three
states of the community, I'd also like to suggest that the origin of the
validation may be relevant.  The cache protocol gives a data source for the
validation and that source probably should be represented within this
community.  This also argues that it may be reasonable to have multiple
instances of this community - or that the representation of the data source
should be a bit-vector.

I also wonder if "color" would need to go into a community such as this one.
Since the current purpose of "color" is unclear, it's hard to know one way
or the other.

The above has impact on the suggested changes to the BGP decision process.
For example, an operator may prefer that RPKI validation have precedence
over IRR validation.  Similarly, "color" may impact it.

-- Jeff

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 08:38:54 2010
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Subject: [sidr] Comments on draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol
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Could the authors comment on the expected behavior of a single router with a
pair of sessions to cache servers operated by the same provider which
implement the same RPKI policy?

The use-case I have in mind is that a given provider may have a number of
cache servers deployed within their network.  A given router may wish to
have a session with two servers for redundancy purposes.

Given the current protocol, the best a router can do is know that it has all
of the records from a given cache server.  There is no way to tell that
the caches are in sync with each other or not.

By somewhat poor analogy, there's no way for me to check for the equivalent
of a DNS SOA record to see which cache may be more up to date and to "do
something" about that.

-- Jeff

From randy@psg.com  Wed Aug  4 09:48:50 2010
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> Could the authors comment on the expected behavior of a single router with a
> pair of sessions to cache servers operated by the same provider which
> implement the same RPKI policy?

yes.  do not do it.

> The use-case I have in mind is that a given provider may have a number of
> cache servers deployed within their network.  A given router may wish to
> have a session with two servers for redundancy purposes.

do not do it

> Given the current protocol, the best a router can do is know that it has all
> of the records from a given cache server.  There is no way to tell that
> the caches are in sync with each other or not.

you can safely assume that they are not

randy

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 09:55:21 2010
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On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 06:49:16PM +0200, Randy Bush wrote:
> > The use-case I have in mind is that a given provider may have a number of
> > cache servers deployed within their network.  A given router may wish to
> > have a session with two servers for redundancy purposes.
> 
> do not do it

It seems odd for you of all people, Randy, to want a feature that can so
severely impact traffic to have a single point of failure.  Thanks for
clearing things up though. 

I'm interested in the opinion of the rest of the WG on this operational
matter.

-- Jeff

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At Wed, 4 Aug 2010 15:33:22 +0000, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> 
> Could the authors comment on the expected behavior of a single router with a
> pair of sessions to cache servers operated by the same provider which
> implement the same RPKI policy?
> 
> The use-case I have in mind is that a given provider may have a number of
> cache servers deployed within their network.  A given router may wish to
> have a session with two servers for redundancy purposes.

Yes, the protocol is designed to support that.

> Given the current protocol, the best a router can do is know that it has all
> of the records from a given cache server.  There is no way to tell that
> the caches are in sync with each other or not.

If it really cares whether the caches are exactly in sync, it could
compare the results, but I doubt that doing so would be particularly
useful.  This protocol is presenting a live view of a loosely
consistent distributed database, there is no way to force two caches
into lock step that does not involve fate sharing, which would defeat
the point of using redundant caches.

> By somewhat poor analogy, there's no way for me to check for the equivalent
> of a DNS SOA record to see which cache may be more up to date and to "do
> something" about that.

There is no concept equivalent to a DNS zone in the RPKI system.

Given that the state of each RPKI cache is a composite of the states
of each of the however many objects it might be tracking (best guess
for fully deployed system is tens or hundreds of thousands of objects,
collected from an arbitrary number of publication points worldwide),
the answer to your question is probably "mu", even before factoring in
fat fingers problems such as clock or trust anchor skew.

About the only useful thing i can see the router doing here is to
compare the cache update times (as perceived by the router).  If one
cache is reporting frequent updates and the other is not, odds are
that the first one is healthy and the second one is not, but even
that's just guessing, the first might just have horrible intermittent
connectivity to the outside or a whacked clock, so you might also want
to check size of the respective databases.

To a first approximation, a router using this protocol just has to
trust the cache.  There's nothing (other than CPU and storage hits) to
prevent a router that doesn't trust caches from maintaining its own,
but the point of this protocol is to get something we can deploy
cheaply on current generation hardware.  Tracking multiple caches in
case one of them dies is probably wise; attempting to get clever about
hopping from one to another in an attempt to be smarter than any of
your caches is probably beyond the intended scope of this protocol.

From sra@hactrn.net  Wed Aug  4 10:22:14 2010
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To remove any confusion caused by the apparent contradiction between
the answers that Randy and I gave:

- It's ok to have connections open to more than one cache server at a
  time, but if you're going to do that, you have to buffer the results
  for each cache separately.

- It's -not- ok to -use- the data from more than one cache server at a
  time, attempt to combine the data from multiple cache servers in any
  way, or otherwise get clever about comparing data from multiple
  cache servers.

- The only point of allowing multiple connections is to allow fast
  transfer to a new cache if the cache one has been using dies.  That
  is: we're trying to avoid the situation where you realize that the
  cache you're using has died, and it takes several minutes to get a
  full load from an alternate cache.

- The main way of detecting that the cache you're using has died is
  the (required) periodic poll; if other mechanisms happen to give you
  a hint sooner, fine, but that's the real check.

- This is all covered in the draft, albeit somewhat tersely.  If you
  think it's unclear, please send text.

From root@core3.amsl.com  Wed Aug  4 10:30:49 2010
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Inter-Domain Routing Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : BGP Prefix Origin Validation
	Author(s)       : P. Mohapatra, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-pfx-validate-00.txt
	Pages           : 11
	Date            : 2010-07-28

A BGP route associates an address prefix with a set of autonomous
systems (AS) that identify the interdomain path the prefix has
traversed in the form of BGP announcements.  This set is represented
as the AS_PATH attribute in BGP and starts with the AS that
originated the prefix.  To help reduce well-known threats against BGP
including prefix mis-announcing and monkey-in-the-middle attacks, one
of the security requirements is the ability to validate the
origination AS of BGP routes.  More specifically, one needs to
validate that the AS number claiming to originate an address prefix
(as derived from the AS_PATH attribute of the BGP route) is in fact
authorized by the prefix holder to do so.  This document describes a
simple validation mechanism to partially satisfy this requirement.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-pfx-validate-00.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

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Internet-Draft.

--NextPart
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From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 10:43:55 2010
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Rob,

Thanks for a clearer answer than Randy's. 

On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 01:08:08PM -0400, Rob Austein wrote:
> If it really cares whether the caches are exactly in sync, it could
> compare the results, but I doubt that doing so would be particularly
> useful.  This protocol is presenting a live view of a loosely
> consistent distributed database, there is no way to force two caches
> into lock step that does not involve fate sharing, which would defeat
> the point of using redundant caches.

The issue is less a matter of being in lock-step between a pair of caches.
My concern is that if a cache is out of step with the policy server that is
used to populate that cache.  In this particular case, the protocol will
move along happily and you'll see updates from one server, but not the
other.

What I had in mind was a simple message from the cache server noting what
its database version number was from the policy server and the last update
time.  This would permit a router to note when a cache has become radically
desynchronized from its redundantly configured cache.

> There is no concept equivalent to a DNS zone in the RPKI system.
> 
> Given that the state of each RPKI cache is a composite of the states
> of each of the however many objects it might be tracking (best guess
> for fully deployed system is tens or hundreds of thousands of objects,
> collected from an arbitrary number of publication points worldwide),
> the answer to your question is probably "mu", even before factoring in
> fat fingers problems such as clock or trust anchor skew.

I think I see my confusion.  I wouldn't have expected a provider to operate
multiple pieces of infrastructure to gather RPKI objects and generate policy
from them.  Since consistency of policy is important, this scenario didn't
occur to me.

Given the assumption above of more than one RPKI object collector and policy
generator, I can see how a domain-wide policy serial number would be
problematic.  Thanks for the clarification.

> To a first approximation, a router using this protocol just has to
> trust the cache.  There's nothing (other than CPU and storage hits) to
> prevent a router that doesn't trust caches from maintaining its own,
> but the point of this protocol is to get something we can deploy
> cheaply on current generation hardware.

I agree that the protocol accomplishes this nicely.

> Tracking multiple caches in
> case one of them dies is probably wise; attempting to get clever about
> hopping from one to another in an attempt to be smarter than any of
> your caches is probably beyond the intended scope of this protocol.

I'd say I'm still concerned about redudannt cache integrity and that the WG
should spend a few cycles considering reasonable and inexpensive to
implement solutions.  As I pointed out to Randy, a single point of failure
for such a stateful mechanism is problematic.

Random example since I'm here:

We learn 10/8 le 24 from cache servers A and B.  The refcount is thus 2.
A becomes desynchronized for some long period of time.
B withdraws 10/8 le 24.

The remaining refcount is 1 for as long as it stays desynchronized.  Thus a
previously authorized prefix which should be unauthorized remains in the
system.

Bounding the time that such a thing stays in the system would be my goal.

-- Jeff

From sra@hactrn.net  Wed Aug  4 11:06:31 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Comments on draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol
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At Wed, 4 Aug 2010 17:44:24 +0000, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> 
> My concern is that if a cache is out of step with the policy server
> that is used to populate that cache.

This description makes no sense in the context of the current protocol
and implementations.  You've introduced an independent element between
the RPKI and the rpki-router protocol server (your "policy server"),
then postulated a failure of that element.  How you handle failures in
elements you introduce would be between you and your rabbi. :)

From randy@psg.com  Wed Aug  4 11:36:41 2010
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> The issue is less a matter of being in lock-step between a pair of
> caches.  My concern is that if a cache is out of step with the policy
> server that is used to populate that cache.

i have no idea what a policy server is.

> What I had in mind was a simple message from the cache server noting
> what its database version number was from the policy server and the
> last update time.  This would permit a router to note when a cache has
> become radically desynchronized from its redundantly configured cache.

there are no redundantly configured caches.  there are no database
version numbers.  read the draft.

> I think I see my confusion.  I wouldn't have expected a provider to
> operate multiple pieces of infrastructure to gather RPKI objects and
> generate policy from them.  Since consistency of policy is important,
> this scenario didn't occur to me.

and a globaly consistent view of the dns is important.  it just happens
not to exist.  and global bgp never really converges.

from section 5

   As caches can not be rigorously synchronous, a client which changes
   servers can not combine data from different parent caches.
   Therefore, when a lower preference cache becomes available, if
   resources allow, it would be prudent for the client to start a new
   buffer for that cache's data, and only switch to those data when that
   buffer is fully up to date.

i could add a lot of words, but i don't think it would make things much
clearer.  i am thinking of including the roll slide from the maastricht
preso in the next version.  but some folk have pointed out that there
are other recipies that are as good.

> Given the assumption above of more than one RPKI object collector and
> policy generator, I can see how a domain-wide policy serial number
> would be problematic.  

how about the assumption of multiple object collectors and no policy
generator(s)?

> I'd say I'm still concerned about redudannt cache integrity and that
> the WG should spend a few cycles considering reasonable and
> inexpensive to implement solutions.

when you actually have a proposal, do make it.

> As I pointed out to Randy, a single point of failure for such a
> stateful mechanism is problematic.

what single point of failure?  and please refer to the draft and do not
invent components which are not there.

randy

From randy@psg.com  Wed Aug  4 11:41:43 2010
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>>> The use-case I have in mind is that a given provider may have a number of
>>> cache servers deployed within their network.  A given router may wish to
>>> have a session with two servers for redundancy purposes.
>> 
>> do not do it
> 
> It seems odd for you of all people, Randy, to want a feature that can so
> severely impact traffic to have a single point of failure.

sans ad homina, what is the spof?

i suspect you have not read the, admittedly and intentionally terse,
draft carefully.

randy

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 12:01:57 2010
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On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 02:06:53PM -0400, Rob Austein wrote:
> At Wed, 4 Aug 2010 17:44:24 +0000, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> > 
> > My concern is that if a cache is out of step with the policy server
> > that is used to populate that cache.
> 
> This description makes no sense in the context of the current protocol
> and implementations.  You've introduced an independent element between
> the RPKI and the rpki-router protocol server (your "policy server"),
> then postulated a failure of that element.  How you handle failures in
> elements you introduce would be between you and your rabbi. :)

Let me attempt to correct my incorrect verbiage.  It's been a while since
I've read the -arch document.

-arch notes that a provider must maintain a Local Cache.

The Local Cache may contain configuration - policy - that directs things
like which TAs to use.  After processing the RPKI objects, the output is
effectively a database of prefixes (and max-lengths) and their origin ASes.

A provider may wish to override validated RPKI data for their own purposes.
While not explicitly a SIDR-driven requirement, this was discussed multiple
times as a requirement during the original RPSEC work.

The resulting output (override or no), is a set of AS:prefix/maxlen tuples
that reflects the provider's routing policy with regard to origin
validation.

This policy must now be distributed to routers for implementation.  The
mechanism for distributing the policy is currently
draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol.

Implementation/Deployment models:
1. The Local Cache with resulting routing origin policy and the rpki-router
protocol server are in the same box.

In this model, the provider will likely have to deploy more than a single
instance of this model throughout their network.  This will result in each
box hitting the RPKI repositories in order to keep their state fresh.
Presuming the lack of a mechanism to keep each box in lock-step with their
state, this provides a scenario where these servers may become out of synch
with each other.  This may yield inconsistent routing origin policy
within a given network.

2. The Local Cache with resulting routing origin policy is implemented
within one box.  The rpki-router protocol servers are located in multiple
boxes.

In this model, the single Local Cache minimizes the impact on the global
RPKI repository infrastructure.  A mechanism is required to distribute the
resulting origin routing policy to the rpki-router servers (let's call it
scp for simplicity's sake).  The only way for this infrastructure to provide
inconsistent routing origin policy within the network would be for the Local
Cache to be topologically isolated from the rpki-router servers.  This is a
detectable condition at the Local Cache presuming a push model where it is
noted that the push fails.

In both models there is a possibility that the rpki-router server session is
up but the server session is out of sync with the RPKI within a given
network.  This yields inconsistent policy which is usually considered a 
Bad Thing.  If you don't have this perspective, you must be talking to
different providers than I am.

I believe it is possible to minimally update the rpki-router protocol to
allow routers to detect policy skew.

-- Jeff

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 12:27:37 2010
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To amend my last post:

On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 07:02:09PM +0000, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> Implementation/Deployment models:
> 1. The Local Cache with resulting routing origin policy and the rpki-router
> protocol server are in the same box.
> 
> In this model, the provider will likely have to deploy more than a single
> instance of this model throughout their network.  This will result in each
> box hitting the RPKI repositories in order to keep their state fresh.
> Presuming the lack of a mechanism to keep each box in lock-step with their
> state, this provides a scenario where these servers may become out of synch
> with each other.  This may yield inconsistent routing origin policy
> within a given network.

The draft also covers a Large End Sites which have a hierarchy of servers.
Scenario 1 still roughly covers this hierarchy where intra-provider cache
servers may not be consistent.

-- Jeff

From sra@hactrn.net  Wed Aug  4 12:40:51 2010
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Last message for a bit, as I do have other things I need to do today.

At Wed, 4 Aug 2010 19:02:09 +0000, Jeffrey Haas wrote:
> 
> Let me attempt to correct my incorrect verbiage.  It's been a while since
> I've read the -arch document.
> 
> -arch notes that a provider must maintain a Local Cache.

Yes.

> The Local Cache may contain configuration - policy - that directs things
> like which TAs to use.  After processing the RPKI objects, the output is
> effectively a database of prefixes (and max-lengths) and their origin ASes.

And other data which you appear to be ignoring, but let that pass for now.

> A provider may wish to override validated RPKI data for their own purposes.
> While not explicitly a SIDR-driven requirement, this was discussed multiple
> times as a requirement during the original RPSEC work.

What RPSEC did or did not say is not my problem, but I agree that an
operator has policy settings somewhere.  At present, they're mostly in
the router itself, thanks to Doctor Knob; the only policy setting in
the RPKI part of the picture at the moment is choice of trust anchor,
which is a basic configuration issue for the validator and something
we almost certainly do not want to extrude into the rpki-rtr protocol.

> The resulting output (override or no), is a set of AS:prefix/maxlen tuples
> that reflects the provider's routing policy with regard to origin
> validation.

You're jumping to the conclusion that policy is applied before
distribution.

> This policy must now be distributed to routers for implementation.  The
> mechanism for distributing the policy is currently
> draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol.

No.  That protocol is specified as distributing distilled RPKI data
(or distilled IRR data, if you're trusting enough to use that).  Show
me where that draft says -anything- about distributing policy.  The
word never even appears in the draft.

The rest of your message is a detailed derivation of how you get into
trouble by attempting to feed policy down a protocol pipe that was not
designed to carry it.

I will note that, of your two options, ignoring your injection of
policy into the protocol, the first one (co-location of RPKi validator
with rpki-rtr server) is the one we envisioned, although one can
imagine more complex topologies where validators fetch from
pre-aggregated caches generated by other validators, to reduce
external load and promote a weak form of coherence.  Note that in a
complex topology the object timestamps will tend to do what you want
automatically, given that we're using rsync as the RPKi data gathering
tool.  Also note that all of the fancy topology stuff would happen in
front of RPKI validation, by the time one has gotten past that it's
just the rpki-rtr protocol feeding results to the routers.

Your second option, on the other hand, creates a nasty single point of
failure.  Insert Randy's standard comment about encouraging all of my
competitors to do that.

But I really think your problem here is confusion of the rpki-rtr
protocol with a policy distribution service.  It's not intended to be
that, thus your call for a scheme to detect skew in something it was
never intended to carry looks out of scope to me.

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 12:49:01 2010
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On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 08:37:07PM +0200, Randy Bush wrote:
> there are no redundantly configured caches.

: 7. Router-Cache Set-Up
: [...]
:    A router may be configured to peer with a selection of caches

> there are no database version numbers.

That was my proposal and not my assertion that your protocol included this.

>   read the draft.

Aside from my sloppy verbiage, you're mistaken if you think I haven't.  It's
why I'm asking questions.

>    As caches can not be rigorously synchronous, a client which changes
>    servers can not combine data from different parent caches.
>    Therefore, when a lower preference cache becomes available, if
>    resources allow, it would be prudent for the client to start a new
>    buffer for that cache's data, and only switch to those data when that
>    buffer is fully up to date.

And the crux of my question is, why can't they be synchronous at least
within a given provider domain?  Or at least synchronous enough?

> how about the assumption of multiple object collectors and no policy
> generator(s)?

The default policy is your choice of trust anchors.

> > I'd say I'm still concerned about redudannt cache integrity and that
> > the WG should spend a few cycles considering reasonable and
> > inexpensive to implement solutions.
> 
> when you actually have a proposal, do make it.

What I had said in a prior e-mail was:
> What I had in mind was a simple message from the cache server noting what
> its database version number was from the policy server and the last update
> time.  This would permit a router to note when a cache has become radically
> desynchronized from its redundantly configured cache.

At this point, the deployment model that appears to be documented (Section
8) seems to presume that it's okay to have inconsistent RPKI policy within a
provider.  If everyone is cool with that, we're done.

If not, then we have more work to do, even if it's not a simple database
version number. 

> > As I pointed out to Randy, a single point of failure for such a
> > stateful mechanism is problematic.
> 
> what single point of failure?  and please refer to the draft and do not
> invent components which are not there.

This was in response to your original comment:
On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 06:49:16PM +0200, Randy Bush wrote:
> > The use-case I have in mind is that a given provider may have a number
> > of
> > cache servers deployed within their network.  A given router may wish to
> > have a session with two servers for redundancy purposes.
>
> do not do it

If you can't have a session with more than one server, you have a single
point of failure.

> randy

From randy@psg.com  Wed Aug  4 12:56:01 2010
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> At this point, the deployment model that appears to be documented
> (Section 8) seems to presume that it's okay to have inconsistent RPKI
> policy within a provider.  If everyone is cool with that, we're done.

there is no rpki policy in this document.  hence such policies can not
be inconsistent.

Abstract

   In order to formally validate the origin ASes of BGP announcements,
   routers need a simple but reliable mechanism to receive RPKI
   [I-D.ietf-sidr-arch] or analogous prefix origin data from a trusted
   cache.  This document describes a protocol to deliver validated
   prefix origin data to routers over ssh.

i encourage you to describe and document a protocol which maintains
synchronized and skew-free trusted caches.  sorry, i did not know how,
and did not think it was actually needed or appropriate in this context.

randy

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 13:20:58 2010
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On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 03:41:17PM -0400, Rob Austein wrote:
> > A provider may wish to override validated RPKI data for their own purposes.
> > While not explicitly a SIDR-driven requirement, this was discussed multiple
> > times as a requirement during the original RPSEC work.
> 
> What RPSEC did or did not say is not my problem, but I agree that an
> operator has policy settings somewhere.  At present, they're mostly in
> the router itself, thanks to Doctor Knob; the only policy setting in
> the RPKI part of the picture at the moment is choice of trust anchor,
> which is a basic configuration issue for the validator and something
> we almost certainly do not want to extrude into the rpki-rtr protocol.

I think you have chosen to take the word policy and apply it in the
route filtering sense rather than my intended RPKI sense.  Please insert
whatever word you want to use that directs my use of which objects from the
RPKI I choose to be permitted for validation purposes.  The simplest example
of this would be "I choose not to trust Foo-NIC as a trust anchor".  Another
example would be "I choose to ignore AS64512's objects".  My intention was
never "drop 10/8 le 24 from BGP" in the style of RPSL.

> I will note that, of your two options, ignoring your injection of
> policy into the protocol, the first one (co-location of RPKi validator
> with rpki-rtr server) is the one we envisioned, although one can
> imagine more complex topologies where validators fetch from
> pre-aggregated caches generated by other validators, to reduce
> external load and promote a weak form of coherence.  Note that in a
> complex topology the object timestamps will tend to do what you want
> automatically, given that we're using rsync as the RPKi data gathering
> tool.  Also note that all of the fancy topology stuff would happen in
> front of RPKI validation, by the time one has gotten past that it's
> just the rpki-rtr protocol feeding results to the routers.

Let's stick with this example since it's sufficient for my point as long as
we're talking about a set of caches in a single domain/AS/administrative
region/etc. and have consistent configuration.

Ignoring rpki-rtr, there should be a mechanism to determine whether all of
the local caches within the domain are consistent with each other.
Pathologically, this is each cache rsync'ing with every other cache and
finding no changes.  More realistically, it'd be agreement that all objects
of a certain age are present on all caches.

Passing that age into the rpki-rtr protocol is sufficient to establish a
measure of confidence in the consistency of caches in the same domain for
differing sessions.

-- Jeff

From randy@psg.com  Wed Aug  4 13:29:18 2010
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> I think you have chosen to take the word policy and apply it in the
> route filtering sense rather than my intended RPKI sense.  Please insert
> whatever word you want to use that directs my use of which objects from the
> RPKI I choose to be permitted for validation purposes.  The simplest example
> of this would be "I choose not to trust Foo-NIC as a trust anchor".  Another
> example would be "I choose to ignore AS64512's objects".  My intention was
> never "drop 10/8 le 24 from BGP" in the style of RPSL.

i need to sleep, long day tomorrow, but one more try.

this document is not about how, why, and under what policies you get
whatever you get into whatever cache(s) you trust.

please read the above sentence a few times slowly.

this document is utterly independent of what trust anchors, chicken
entrails, or borg mind controls caused whatever data to be put in the
cache(s).

this document is about how we get those data UNEDITED AND WITH NO POLICY
APPLIED from one or more of these caches to a router.

randy

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Wed Aug  4 13:33:48 2010
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On Wed, Aug 04, 2010 at 10:29:40PM +0200, Randy Bush wrote:
> this document is not about how, why, and under what policies you get
> whatever you get into whatever cache(s) you trust.

Ignore policy.  Answer the second paragraph in the context of *unedited
cache consistency* from the  same mail you just quoted and we're done.

-- Jeff

From randy@psg.com  Thu Aug  5 03:27:45 2010
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>  Answer the second paragraph in the context of *unedited cache
> consistency*

givem the rpki operational structure, it would be deliciously wonderful
if you could describe how multiple gathered caches thereof can be
consistent.

anxiously awaiting your design.

randy

From bmanning@karoshi.com  Thu Aug  5 03:50:12 2010
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On Thu, Aug 05, 2010 at 12:28:12PM +0200, Randy Bush wrote:
> >  Answer the second paragraph in the context of *unedited cache
> > consistency*
> 
> givem the rpki operational structure, it would be deliciously wonderful
> if you could describe how multiple gathered caches thereof can be
> consistent.

	consistent with what exactly?
	i would hope/expect that the caches w/in a given
	AS should be consistent within the AS but have no
	illusions about external consistancy with anyone
	else (other AS or RIR)

--bill


> 
> anxiously awaiting your design.
> 
> randy

From randy@psg.com  Thu Aug  5 03:53:24 2010
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>> givem the rpki operational structure, it would be deliciously wonderful
>> if you could describe how multiple gathered caches thereof can be
>> consistent.

> consistent with what exactly?

as no other entities were mentioned, it would be safe to assume
eachother.

> i would hope/expect that the caches w/in a given AS should be
> consistent within the AS but have no illusions about external
> consistancy with anyone else (other AS or RIR)

while you are hoping and expecting, send design for a scheme to assure
this.

until then, i have real work to do.

randy

From jhaas@slice.pfrc.org  Thu Aug  5 04:39:32 2010
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Bill,

On Thu, Aug 05, 2010 at 10:50:42AM +0000, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:
> On Thu, Aug 05, 2010 at 12:28:12PM +0200, Randy Bush wrote:
> > >  Answer the second paragraph in the context of *unedited cache
> > > consistency*
> > 
> > givem the rpki operational structure, it would be deliciously wonderful
> > if you could describe how multiple gathered caches thereof can be
> > consistent.
> 
> 	consistent with what exactly?
> 	i would hope/expect that the caches w/in a given
> 	AS should be consistent within the AS but have no
> 	illusions about external consistancy with anyone
> 	else (other AS or RIR)

The model described is likely to lead to inconsistent route origin policy
for eBGP speakers within a given AS for short periods of time.  How short,
and whether the behavior covered by a given ROA will converge to
consistency within the AS will depend on the deployment model.

-- Jeff

From kent@bbn.com  Thu Aug  5 07:48:38 2010
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>...
>
>A provider may wish to override validated RPKI data for their own purposes.
>While not explicitly a SIDR-driven requirement, this was discussed multiple
>times as a requirement during the original RPSEC work.

A specific proposal for how to locally override the RPKI structure as 
retrieved form the repository system is contained in a document being 
considered as a SIDR WG item: 
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-reynolds-rpki-ltamgmt-00

>
>The resulting output (override or no), is a set of AS:prefix/maxlen tuples
>that reflects the provider's routing policy with regard to origin
>validation.

In the case of the doc cited above, it is not in that form.

>
>This policy must now be distributed to routers for implementation.  The
>mechanism for distributing the policy is currently
>draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol.

I think the ymbk protocol distributes the results of validating the 
RPKI data, with whatever policy has been applied to that validation 
process.

Steve

From pmohapat@cisco.com  Sun Aug  8 14:02:02 2010
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Hi Jeff,

[Sorry about the delayed response]

> In addition to the energetic discussion about the terminology for the =
three
> states of the community, I'd also like to suggest that the origin of =
the
> validation may be relevant.  The cache protocol gives a data source =
for the
> validation and that source probably should be represented within this
> community.  This also argues that it may be reasonable to have =
multiple
> instances of this community - or that the representation of the data =
source
> should be a bit-vector.
>=20
> I also wonder if "color" would need to go into a community such as =
this one.
> Since the current purpose of "color" is unclear, it's hard to know one =
way
> or the other.
>=20
> The above has impact on the suggested changes to the BGP decision =
process.
> For example, an operator may prefer that RPKI validation have =
precedence
> over IRR validation.  Similarly, "color" may impact it.


The original thought process was that all the above you have listed are =
local policy matter. E.g. the data source (RPKI or IRR) would be taken =
as a local policy hint to prefer one vs. the other... Same with color =
etc. Ultimately, it's only the path state that gets disseminated in IBGP =
and the corresponding decision process change is defined in the draft. =
But I see where you are going: if border router A fetches the origin =
validation database from RPKI and another border router B fetches the =
origin validation database from IRR, the third router receiving IBGP =
updates may want to know the source to be able to make a better =
decision. However this use case is extremely rare; do we really want to =
go there?

- Pradosh=

From randy@psg.com  Sun Aug  8 17:20:10 2010
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From: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
To: Pradosh Mohapatra <pmohapat@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Comments on	draft-pmohapat-sidr-origin-validation-signaling
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> if border router A fetches the origin validation database from RPKI
> and another border router B fetches the origin validation database
> from IRR, the third router receiving IBGP updates may want to know the
> source to be able to make a better decision. However this use case is
> extremely rare; do we really want to go there?

no, let us not boil the ocean.

the question is not how complex all this can be made, but rather how
simple.

randy

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Inter-Domain Routing Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : The RPKI/Router Protocol
	Author(s)       : R. Bush, R. Austein
	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-rpki-rtr-00.txt
	Pages           : 20
	Date            : 2010-08-11

In order to formally validate the origin ASes of BGP announcements,
routers need a simple but reliable mechanism to receive RPKI
[I-D.ietf-sidr-arch] or analogous prefix origin data from a trusted
cache.  This document describes a protocol to deliver validated
prefix origin data to routers over ssh.

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From kotikalapudi.sriram@nist.gov  Wed Aug 11 14:42:46 2010
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To: Pradosh Mohapatra <pmohapat@cisco.com>, Jeffrey Haas <jhaas@pfrc.org>
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 2010 17:42:40 -0400
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Sorry for the delay in responding. Please see answers inline below.

Sriram

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pradosh Mohapatra [mailto:pmohapat@cisco.com]
> Sent: Monday, August 02, 2010 2:21 AM
> To: Jeffrey Haas
> Cc: Sriram, Kotikalapudi; sidr@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [sidr] Comment about aggregators and AS_SETs
> 
> I support Jeff's proposal for matching the "first AS after AS_SET" with the
> [AS4_]AGGREGATOR attribute. If I understand correctly, the suggestion is to
> follow the below algorithm for deriving origin_as:
> 
> 1. origin_as = rightmost AS in the final AS_SEQUENCE of the AS_PATH attribute
> 2. If the UPDATE carries [AS4_]AGGREGATOR and AS_SET attributes
>          if (first AS after AS_SET == AS encoded in [AS4_]AGGREGATOR), then
>              origin_as = first AS after AS_SET
>          else
>              origin_as = NONE
> 
> Sriram, a quick question on your enumeration tree: the right hand side in the tree
> starts with "No AS_SET", but later you have nodes that say "Matches the first AS
> after AS_SET"... What does that mean? 

It was a typo. I meant "Matches the origin AS (i.e., the AGGREGATOR ASN 
and the right most AS of the AS_SEQUENCE match).  
Please see the corrected updated slides:
http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/AS_SET_Aggregator_Stats.pdf

 >Also, IMO, the attack vector you mention
> in the slides are more related to path validation than origin validation.

I think the attack vector is possible for path validation as well as origin validation.
But if you require, in the algorithm, that 
the first AS after AS_SET == AS encoded in AGGREGATOR
and only then take that AS to be origin (Jeff Haas's modification to what I suggested),
then the attack vector goes away. 
The attack vector is possible if we take the AGGREGATOR ASN to be origin 
(for origin validation) without paying attention to the first AS after AS_SET.

Sriram  
> 
> - Pradosh

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Inter-Domain Routing Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : The RPKI/Router Protocol
	Author(s)       : R. Bush, R. Austein
	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-rpki-rtr-01.txt
	Pages           : 20
	Date            : 2010-08-14

In order to formally validate the origin ASes of BGP announcements,
routers need a simple but reliable mechanism to receive RPKI
[I-D.ietf-sidr-arch] or analogous prefix origin data from a trusted
cache.  This document describes a protocol to deliver validated
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From robertl@apnic.net  Sun Aug 15 21:01:55 2010
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On 19/07/2010, at 23:27, Tim Bruijnzeels wrote:

> I proposed the dedicated code because I figured we could bounce this
> back when we see the same IP hammering us, without having to inspect the
> actual request (which requires validating the CMS etc). However now that
> I think about it a bit more, this would still require that we generate a
> CMS for the response...

Indeed.

> So to conclude: I think I would prefer an http status return in this
> case to minimise server processing power. Maybe something similar to
> validation failure in paragraph 3.2: HTTP 400 Bad Data

There is an existing HTTP code for this: 503 Service Unavailable.

Rob

-- 
Robert Loomans                         email:       robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC        sip:    robertl@voip.apnic.net
http://www.apnic.net/                  phone:         +61 7 3858 3100


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	Title		: Certificate Policy (CP) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
	Author(s)	: S. Kent, D. Kong, K. Seo, R. Watro
	Filename	: draft-ietf-sidr-cp-10.txt
	Pages		: 39
	Date		: 2010-8-19
	
This document describes the certificate policy for a PKI used to
   support attestations about Internet resource holdings. Each
   organization that distributes IP addresses or Autonomous System (AS)
   numbers to an organization will, in parallel, issue a certificate
   reflecting this distribution. These certificates will enable
   verification that the resources indicated in the certificate have
   been distributed to the holder of the associated private key and
   that this organization is the current, unique holder of these
   resources.

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Hi all,

I just wanted to let you know that we published a new version of our
rpki validator on RIPE Labs:

http://labs.ripe.net/Members/agowland/ripe-ncc-validator-for-resource-certification

It may be interesting for some on the people on this list as well. You
are all invited to have a look, and feel free to comment on the article.
'RIPE Labs' is maintained by the RIPE NCC, but its target audience is
the internet community as a whole, not just RIPE NCC members.

The validator is a simple command line tool that will do top-down
validation given a trust anchor, or bottom-up validation given a
certificate or ROA (and a trust anchor). Currently only ROAs are
supported (well, and certs, manifests and crls of course).

Note that this tool is not like rcynic, or BBN's tool. This one is
intended for ad-hoc testing, not proper and efficient caching, or
communication using the RPKI-RTR protocol.  We may extend it with this
type of functionality, but if/when we do so depends on community feedback.


Cheers,
Tim

From mlepinski@bbn.com  Fri Aug 20 11:52:52 2010
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Subject: [sidr] Template for RPKI signed objects and revised ROA format
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A significant portion of the SIDR ROA-Format draft is spent specifying 
the ASN.1 syntax for the CMS encapsulation of the ROA object. (Note also 
that the SIDR manifest document also includes this ASN.1 syntax for an 
identical CMS encapsulation.)

It was suggested to the authors of the ROA Format draft that the 
specification of any future RPKI signed objects would be made much 
simpler if we split the specification of the CMS encapsulation (which 
pertains to all RPKI signed objects) off from the stuff that is 
ROA-specific.

Therefore, we have produced the two attached drafts for your consideration:

draft-achi-rpki-signed-object is a generic template designed to simplify 
the specification of RPKI signed objects.
     Note that to instantiate the template and create a new type of RPKI 
signed object all you have to do is:
     1. Get an OID to identify the ContentType for the new type of 
signed object
     2. Specify the ASN.1 syntax for the content of the new type of 
signed object
     3. Specify any additional steps that are required for validating 
the new type of signed object (beyond the standard steps required for 
all RPKI signed objects which are specified in the rpki-signed-object draft)

draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format is a much shorter version of the roa-format 
draft which makes use of the generic signed object template and thus 
only specifies the ROA-specific stuff (that is, the three things I noted 
above).

Note that breaking up the ROA-format document in this fashion in no way 
changes the syntax or semantics of a ROA (i.e., nothing has changes 
besides the manner of documentation).

Please take a look at these documents and let us know if this is a good 
way forward. (If it is a good way forward we can easily change [i.e., 
shorten] the manifest document to use this signed-object template as well.)

- Matt Lepinski

From mlepinski@bbn.com  Fri Aug 20 11:55:00 2010
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Subject: [sidr] Template for RPKI signed objects and revised ROA format [now with attachments!]
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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A significant portion of the SIDR ROA-Format draft is spent specifying 
the ASN.1 syntax for the CMS encapsulation of the ROA object. (Note also 
that the SIDR manifest document also includes this ASN.1 syntax for an 
identical CMS encapsulation.)

It was suggested to the authors of the ROA Format draft that the 
specification of any future RPKI signed objects would be made much 
simpler if we split the specification of the CMS encapsulation (which 
pertains to all RPKI signed objects) off from the stuff that is 
ROA-specific.

Therefore, we have produced the two attached drafts for your consideration:

draft-achi-rpki-signed-object is a generic template designed to simplify 
the specification of RPKI signed objects.
     Note that to instantiate the template and create a new type of RPKI 
signed object all you have to do is:
     1. Get an OID to identify the ContentType for the new type of 
signed object
     2. Specify the ASN.1 syntax for the content of the new type of 
signed object
     3. Specify any additional steps that are required for validating 
the new type of signed object (beyond the standard steps required for 
all RPKI signed objects which are specified in the rpki-signed-object 
draft)

draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format is a much shorter version of the roa-format 
draft which makes use of the generic signed object template and thus 
only specifies the ROA-specific stuff (that is, the three things I noted 
above).

Note that breaking up the ROA-format document in this fashion in no way 
changes the syntax or semantics of a ROA (i.e., nothing has changes 
besides the manner of documentation).

Please take a look at these documents and let us know if this is a good 
way forward. (If it is a good way forward we can easily change [i.e., 
shorten] the manifest document to use this signed-object template as well.)

- Matt Lepinski

--------------060605070504060802080103
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Secure Inter-Domain Routing (sidr)                          M. Lepinski
Internet Draft                                                  S. Kent
Expires: February 20, 2011                                      D. Kong
Intended Status: Proposed Standard                     BBN Technologies
                                                        August 20, 2010
                                      
             A Profile for Route Origin Authorizations (ROAs) 
                     draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format-08.txt 


Status of this Memo 

   This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the 
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. 

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering 
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that 
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   Drafts. 

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months 
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any 
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   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." 

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   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at 
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html 

   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 28, 2011. 

Copyright Notice 

   Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the 
   document authors.  All rights reserved. 

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal 
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents in effect on the date of 
   publication of this document (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info). 
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights 
   and restrictions with respect to this document. 

Abstract 

   This document defines a standard profile for Route Origin 
   Authorizations (ROAs).  A ROA is a digitally signed object that 
   provides a means of verifying that an IP address block holder has 
 
 
 
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   authorized an Autonomous System (AS) to originate routes to that one 
   or more prefixes within the address block.  

Table of Contents 

    
   1. Introduction...................................................2 
   2. Basic Format........................Error! Bookmark not defined. 
      2.1. Signed-Data Content Type.......Error! Bookmark not defined. 
         2.1.1. version...................Error! Bookmark not defined. 
         2.1.2. digestAlgorithms..........Error! Bookmark not defined. 
         2.1.3. encapContentInfo..........Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.3.1. eContentType.........Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.3.2. eContent.............Error! Bookmark not defined. 
               2.1.3.2.1. version....................................4 
               2.1.3.2.2. asID.......................................4 
               2.1.3.2.3. ipAddrBlocks...............................4 
         2.1.4. certificates..............Error! Bookmark not defined. 
         2.1.5. crls......................Error! Bookmark not defined. 
         2.1.6. signerInfos...............Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.6.1. version..............Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.6.2. sid..................Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.6.3. digestAlgorithm......Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.6.4. signedAttrs..........Error! Bookmark not defined. 
               2.1.6.4.1. ContentType Attribute....Error! Bookmark not 
               defined. 
               2.1.6.4.2. MessageDigest Attribute..Error! Bookmark not 
               defined. 
               2.1.6.4.3. SigningTime Attribute....Error! Bookmark not 
               defined. 
               2.1.6.4.4. BinarySigningTimeAttributeError! Bookmark not 
               defined. 
            2.1.6.5. signatureAlgorithm...Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.6.6. signature............Error! Bookmark not defined. 
            2.1.6.7. unsignedAttrs........Error! Bookmark not defined. 
   3. ROA Validation.................................................5 
   4. Security Considerations........................................6 
   5. IANA Considerations............................................6 
   6. Acknowledgments................................................6 
   7. References.....................................................7 
      7.1. Normative References......................................7 
      7.2. Informative References....................................7 
   Authors' Addresses................................................8 
   Intellectual Property Statement...................................8 
   Disclaimer of Validity............................................8 
   Copyright Statement...............................................8 
    
 
 
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1. Introduction 

   The primary purpose of the Internet IP Address and AS Number Resource 
   Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) system is to improve routing 
   security.  As part of this system, a mechanism is needed to allow 
   entities to verify that an AS has been given permission by an IP 
   address block holder to advertise routes to one or more prefixes 
   within that block.  A ROA provides this function. 

   The ROA makes use of the template for RPKI digitally signed objects 
   [SIGN-OBJ], which defines a CMS wrapper for the ROA content as well 
   as a generic validation procedure for RPKI signed objects. Therefore, 
   to complete the specification of the ROA (see Section 4 of [SIGN-
   OBJ]), this document defines: 

      1.               The OID that identifies the signed object as being a ROA. (This 
         OID appears within the eContentType in the encapContentInfo 
         object as well as the ContentType signed attribute in the 
         signerInfo object.) 

      2.               The ASN.1 syntax for the ROA eContent. (This is the payload 
         that specifies the AS being authorized to originate routes as 
         well as the prefixes to which the AS may originate routes.) 

      3.               An additional step required to validate ROAs (in addition to 
         the validation steps specified in [SIGN-OBJ]).  

1.1. Terminology 

   It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the terms and concepts 
   described in "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate 
   and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile" [RFC5280] and "X.509 
   Extensions for IP Addresses and AS Identifiers" [RFC3779]. 

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", 
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this 
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [RFC2119]. 

    
2. The ROA ContentType 

   The ContentType for a ROA is defined as routeOriginAttestation and 
   has the numerical value of 1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.24. 

   This OID must appear both within the eContentType in the 
   encapContentInfo object as well as the ContentType signed attribute 
   in the signerInfo object (see [SIGN-OBJ]). 
 
 
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3. The ROA eContent 

   The content of a ROA identifies a single AS that has been authorized 
   by the address space holder to originate routes and a list of one or 
   more IP address prefixes that will be advertised.  If the address 
   space holder needs to authorize multiple ASes to advertise the same 
   set of address prefixes, the holder issues multiple ROAs, one per AS 
   number. A ROA is formally defined as: 

      RouteOriginAttestation ::= SEQUENCE { 
         version [0] INTEGER DEFAULT 0, 
         asID  ASID, 
         ipAddrBlocks SEQUENCE OF ROAIPAddressFamily } 
     
      ASID ::= INTEGER 
       
      ROAIPAddressFamily ::= SEQUENCE { 
         addressFamily OCTET STRING (SIZE (2..3)), 
         addresses SEQUENCE OF ROAIPAddress } 

    
      ROAIPAddress ::= SEQUENCE { 
         address IPAddress, 
         maxLength INTEGER OPTIONAL } 
    
      IPAddress ::= BIT STRING 

   Note that this content appears as the eContent within the 
   encapContentInfo (see [SIGN-OBJ]). 

3.1. version 

   The version number of the RouteOriginAttestation MUST be 0. 

3.2. asID 

   The asID field contains the AS number that is authorized to originate 
   routes to the given IP address prefixes. 

3.3. ipAddrBlocks 

   The ipAddrBlocks field encodes the set of IP address prefixes to 
   which the AS is authorized to originate routes. Note that the syntax 
   here is more restrictive than that used in the IP Address Delegation 
   extension defined in RFC 3779. That extension can represent arbitrary 
   address ranges, whereas ROAs need to represent only prefixes. 

 
 
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   Within the ROAIPAddressFamily structure, addressFamily contains the 
   Address Family Identifier (AFI) of an IP address family. This 
   specification only supports IPv4 and IPv6. Therefore, addressFamily 
   MUST be either 0001 or 0002.  

   Within a ROAIPAddress structure, the addresses field represents 
   prefixes as a sequence of type IPAddress. (See [RFC3779] for more 
   details). If present, the maxLength must be an integer greater than 
   or equal to the length of the accompanying prefix and less than or 
   equal to the length (in bits) of an IP address in the address family 
   (32 for IPv4 and 128 for IPv6). When present, the maxLength specifies 
   the maximum length of IP address prefix that the AS is authorized to 
   advertise. (For example, if the IP Address prefix is 10.0/16 and the 
   maxLength is 24, the AS is authorized to advertise any more specific 
   prefix having length at most 24. That is, in this example, the AS 
   would be authorized to advertise 10.0/16, 10.0.128/20, or 
   10.0.255/24, but not 10.0.255.0/25.) When the maxLength is not 
   present, the AS is only authorized to advertise exactly the prefix 
   specified in the ROA. 

   Note that a valid ROA may contain an IP Address prefix (within a 
   ROAIPAddress element) that is encompassed by another IP Address 
   prefix (within a separate ROAIPAddress element). For example, a ROA 
   may contain the prefix 10.0/16 with maxLength 18, as well as the 
   prefix 10.0.0/24 with maxLength 24. (Such a ROA would authorize the 
   indicated AS to advertise any prefix beginning with 10.0 with length 
   at least 16 and no greater than 18, as well as the specific prefix 
   10.0.0/24.) Additionally, a ROA MAY contain two ROAIPAddress elements 
   where the IP Address prefix is identical in both cases. However, this 
   is NOT RECOMMENDED as in such a case the ROAIPAddress with the 
   shorter maxLength grants no additional privileges to the indicated AS 
   and thus can be omitted without changing the meaning of the ROA. 

4. ROA Validation 

   Before a relying party can use a ROA to validate a routing 
   announcement, the relying party must first validate the ROA. To 
   validate a ROA the relying party MUST perform all the validation 
   checks specified in [SIGN-OBJ] as well as the following additional 
   ROA-specific validation step. 

   1. The IP Address Delegation extension [RFC3779] is present in the EE 
      certificate (contained within the ROA) and each IP address 
      prefix(es) in ROA is contained within the set of IP addresses 
      specified by the EE certificate's IP address delegation extension.   


 
 
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5. Security Considerations 

   There is no assumption of confidentiality for the data in a ROA; it 
   is anticipated that ROAs will be stored in repositories that are 
   accessible to all ISPs, and perhaps to all Internet users. There is 
   no explicit authentication associated with a ROA, since the PKI used 
   for ROA validation provides authorization but not authentication. 
   Although the ROA is a signed, application layer object, there is no 
   intent to convey non-repudiation via a ROA.  
    
   The purpose of a ROA is to convey authorization for an AS to 
   originate a route to the prefix(es) in the ROA. Thus the integrity of 
   a ROA must be established. The ROA makes use of the CMS signed 
   message format for integrity, and thus inherits the security 
   considerations associated with that data structure. The right of the 
   ROA signer to authorize the target AS to originate routes to the 
   prefix(es) is established through use of the address space and AS 
   number PKI described in [ARCH]. Specifically one must verify the 
   signature on the ROA using an X.509 certificate issued under this 
   PKI, and check that the prefix(es) in the ROA match those in the 
   address space extension in the certificate.  

6. IANA Considerations 

   None. 

7. Acknowledgments 

   The authors wish to thank Charles Gardiner and Russ Housley for their 
   help and contributions. Additionally, the authors would like to thank 
   Rob Austein, Roque Gagliano, Danny McPherson and Sam Weiler for their 
   careful reviews and helpful comments. 















 
 
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8. References 

8.1. Normative References 

   [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate 
             Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. 

   [RFC3852] Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax", RFC 3852, July 
             2004.    

   [RFC3779] Lynn, C., Kent, S., and Seo, K., "X.509 Extensions for IP 
             Addresses and AS Identifiers", RFC 3779, June 2004. 

   [ALGS]    Huston, G., "A Profile for Algorithms and Key Sizes for use 
             in the Resource Public Key Infrastructure", draft-ietf-
             sidr-rpki-alg, May 2010 

   [RESCERT] Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and Loomans, R., "A Profile for 
             X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates", draft-ietf-sidr-res-
             certs, May 2010. 

   [SIGNOBJ] Lepinski, M., Chi, A., and Kent, S., "Generic Signed 
             Objects for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure", draft-
             achi-rpki-signed-object, August 2010. 

    

8.2. Informative References 

   [ARCH]    Lepinski, M. and Kent, S., "An Infrastructure to Support 
             Secure Internet Routing," draft-ietf-sidr-arch, July 2010. 

   [CP]      Seo, K., et. al., "A Certificate Policy for the Resource 
             PKI," draft-ietf-sidr-cp, July 2010. 

   [REPOS]   Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and Loomans, R., "A Profile for 
             Resource Certificate Repository Structure", draft-ietf-
             sidr-repos-struct, May 2010. 

   [RFC4049] Housley, R., "BinaryTime: An Alternative Format for 
             Representing Time in ASN.1," RFC 4049, April 2005. 

    

    

    
 
 
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Authors' Addresses

   Matt Lepinski
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138
   
   Email: mlepinski@bbn.com
    
   Stephen Kent
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138
   
   Email: skent@bbn.com
    
   Derrick Kong
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138
   
   Email: dkong@bbn.com
    

    

 Pre-5378 Material Disclaimer 

   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF 
   Contributions published or made publicly available before November 
   10, 2008. The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this 
   material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow 
   modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process. 
   Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling 
   the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified 
   outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may 
   not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format 
   it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other 
   than English. 
 
 
Lepinski, Kent and Kong Expires February 2011                  [Page 8] 


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Secure Inter-Domain Routing                                  M. Lepinski
Internet-Draft                                                    A. Chi
Intended status: Standards Track                                 S. Kent
Expires: February 21, 2011                                           BBN
                                                         August 20, 2010


   Signed Object Template for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
                  draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on February 21, 2011.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
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   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Abstract

   This document defines a generic profile for signed objects used in
   the Resource Public Key Infrastructure.  These RPKI signed objects
   make use of Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) as a standard
   encapsulation format.
 


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Table of Contents

   1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
      1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
      1.2. Note on Algorithms  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
   2. Signed Object Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
      2.1. Signed-Data Content Type  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
         2.1.1. version  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
         2.1.2. digestAlgorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
         2.1.3. encapContentInfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
            2.1.3.1. eContentType  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
            2.1.3.2. eContent  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
         2.1.4. certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
         2.1.5. crls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
         2.1.6. signerInfos  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
            2.1.6.1. version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
            2.1.6.2. sid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
            2.1.6.3. digestAlgorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
            2.1.6.4. signedAttrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
               2.1.6.4.1. Content-Type Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . 7
               2.1.6.4.2. Message-Digest Attribute . . . . . . . . . . 7
               2.1.6.4.3. SigningTime Attribute  . . . . . . . . . . . 7
               2.1.6.4.4. BinarySigningTime Attribute  . . . . . . . . 8
            2.1.6.5. signatureAlgorithm  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
            2.1.6.6. signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
            2.1.6.7. unsignedAttrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
   3. Signed Object Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
   4. Definition of Specific Signed Objects  . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5. Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   6. IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   8. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   9. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11














 


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1. Introduction

   The purpose of the Internet IP Address and AS Number Resource Public
   Key Infrastructure (RPKI) system is to support assertions by current
   resource holders of IP (v4 and v6) address space and AS numbers,
   based on the records of the organizations that act as CAs.  IP
   address and AS number resource information is carried in X.509
   certificates via RFC 3779 extensions [I-D.sidr-res-certs].  Other
   information assertions about resources are expressed via digitally
   signed, non-X.509 data structures that are referred to as "signed
   objects" in the RPKI context [I-D.sidr-arch].  This document
   standardizes a template for specifying signed objects that can be
   validated using the RPKI.

   RPKI signed objects make use of Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)
   [RFC5652] as a standard encapsulation format.  CMS was chosen to take
   advantage of existing open source software available for processing
   messages in this format.  RPKI signed objects adhere to a profile
   (specified in Section 2) of the CMS signed-data object.

   The template defined in this document for RPKI signed objects is not
   a complete specification for any particular type of signed object,
   and instead includes only the items which are common to all RPKI
   signed objects. That is, fully specifying a particular type of signed
   object requires an additional document that specifies the details
   which are specific to a particular type of signed object (such as
   ASN.1 syntax for the object's payload and any additional steps
   required to validate the particular type of signed object). Section 4
   describes in more detail the additional pieces that must be specified
   in order to define a new type of RPKI signed object that uses this
   template. Additionally, see [draft-ietf-sidr-roa-format] for an
   example of a document that uses this template to specify a particular
   type of signed object, the Route Origination Authorization.

1.1. Terminology

   It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the terms and concepts
   described in "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate
   and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile" [RFC5280] and "X.509
   Extensions for IP Addresses and AS Identifiers" [RFC3779].

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.

1.2. Note on Algorithms 

   Cryptographic Message Syntax is a general format capable of
 


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   accommodating a wide variety of signature and digest algorithms.  The
   algorithms used in the RPKI (and associated key sizes) are specified
   in [I-D.sidr-rpki-algs].

2. Signed Object Syntax

   The RPKI signed object is a profile of the Cryptographic Message
   Syntax (CMS) [RFC5652] signed-data object.  The general format of a
   CMS object is:

      ContentInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
        contentType ContentType,
        content [0] EXPLICIT ANY DEFINED BY contentType }

      ContentType ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER

   The ContentType is the signed-data type of id-data, namely the id-
   signedData OID, 1.2.840.113549.1.7.2. [RFC5652]

2.1. Signed-Data Content Type

   According to the CMS standard, the signed-data content type is the
   ASN.1 type SignedData:

      SignedData ::= SEQUENCE {
        version CMSVersion,
        digestAlgorithms DigestAlgorithmIdentifiers,
        encapContentInfo EncapsulatedContentInfo,
        certificates [0] IMPLICIT CertificateSet OPTIONAL,
        crls [1] IMPLICIT RevocationInfoChoices OPTIONAL,
        signerInfos SignerInfos }

      DigestAlgorithmIdentifiers ::= SET OF DigestAlgorithmIdentifier

      SignerInfos ::= SET OF SignerInfo

   Additionally, the SignerInfos set must contain only a single
   SignerInfo object.

2.1.1. version

   The version is the syntax version number.  It MUST be 3,
   corresponding to the signerInfo structure having version number 3.

2.1.2. digestAlgorithms

   The digestAlgorithms set contains the OIDs of the digest algorithm(s)
   used in signing the encapsulated content. This set MUST contain
 


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   exactly one digest algorithm OID, and the OID MUST be selected from
   those specified in [I-D.sidr-rpki-algs].

2.1.3. encapContentInfo

   encapContentInfo is the signed content, consisting of a content type
   identifier and the content itself.  The encapContentInfo represents
   the payload of the RPKI signed object.

        EncapsulatedContentInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
          eContentType ContentType,
          eContent [0] EXPLICIT OCTET STRING OPTIONAL }

        ContentType ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER

2.1.3.1. eContentType

   This field is left undefined by this profile.  The eContentType is an
   OID specifying the type of payload in this signed object and MUST be
   specified by the document that defines the object.

2.1.3.2. eContent

   This field is left partially undefined by this profile.  The eContent
   is the payload of the signed object and MUST be specified by the
   document that defines the RPKI object.

   At the outermost level, the eContent field MUST be an ASN.1 SEQUENCE.
   The first element of the sequence MUST be the version number, in
   order to enable transition to new versions of signed objects over
   time.

        ContentTemplate ::= SEQUENCE {
          version [0] INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
          ... }

   The document that defines the specific RPKI object MUST specify the
   remaining fields, represented as ellipses (...).

2.1.4. certificates

   The certificates field MUST be included, and MUST contain exactly one
   certificate, RPKI EE certificate needed to validate this signed
   object.

2.1.5. crls

   The crls field MUST be omitted.
 


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2.1.6. signerInfos

   SignerInfo is defined under CMS as:

         SignerInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
           version CMSVersion,
           sid SignerIdentifier,
           digestAlgorithm DigestAlgorithmIdentifier,
           signedAttrs [0] IMPLICIT SignedAttributes OPTIONAL,
           signatureAlgorithm SignatureAlgorithmIdentifier,
           signature SignatureValue,
           unsignedAttrs [1] IMPLICIT UnsignedAttributes OPTIONAL }

2.1.6.1. version

   The version number MUST be 3, corresponding with the choice of
   SubjectKeyIdentifier for the sid.

2.1.6.2. sid

   The sid is defined as:

         SignerIdentifier ::= CHOICE {
           issuerAndSerialNumber IssuerAndSerialNumber,
           subjectKeyIdentifier [0] SubjectKeyIdentifier }

   For RPKI signed objects, the sid MUST be the SubjectKeyIdentifier
   that appears in the EE certificate carried in the CMS certificates
   field.

2.1.6.3. digestAlgorithm

   The digestAlgorithm MUST consist of the OID of a digest algorithm
   that conforms to the RPKI Algorithms and Key Size Profile
   specification [I-D.sidr-rpki-algs].

2.1.6.4. signedAttrs

   The signedAttrs is defined as:

         SignedAttributes ::= SET SIZE (1..MAX) OF Attribute

         Attribute ::= SEQUENCE {
           attrType OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
           attrValues SET OF AttributeValue }

         AttributeValue ::= ANY

 


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   The signedAttr element MUST be present and MUST include the content-
   type and message-digest attributes.  The signer MAY also include the
   signing-time signed attribute, the binary-signing-time signed
   attribute, or both signing-time attributes.  Other signed attributes
   MUST NOT be included.

   The signedAttr MUST include only a single instance of any particular
   attribute.  Additionally, even though the syntax allows for a SET OF
   AttributeValue, in an RPKI signed object the attrValues MUST consist
   of only a single AttributeValue.

2.1.6.4.1. Content-Type Attribute

   The ContentType attribute MUST be present.  The attrType OID for the
   ContentType attribute is 1.2.840.113549.1.9.3.

   The attrValues for the ContentType attribute MUST match the
   eContentType in the EncapsulatedContentInfo.  Thus, attrValues must
   contain the OID that specifies the payload type of the specific RPKI
   signed object carried in the CMS signed data structure.

2.1.6.4.2. Message-Digest Attribute

   The MessageDigest Attribute MUST be present.  The attrType OID for
   the MessageDigest Attribute is 1.2.840.113549.1.9.4.

   The attrValues for the MessageDigest attribute contains the output of
   the digest algorithm applied to the content being signed, as
   specified in Section 11.1 of [RFC5652].

2.1.6.4.3. SigningTime Attribute

   The SigningTime Attribute MAY be present. Note that the presence or
   absence of the SigningTime attribute MUST NOT affect the validity of
   the signed object (as specified in Section 3). The attrType OID for
   the SigningTime attribute is 1.2.840.113549.1.9.5.

         id-signingTime OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2)
             us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs9(9) 5 }

   The attrValues for the SigningTime attribute is defined as:

         SigningTime ::= Time

         Time ::= CHOICE {
           utcTime UTCTime,
           generalizedTime GeneralizedTime }

 


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   The Time element specifies the time, based on the local system clock,
   at which the digital signature was applied to the content.

   The definition of Time matches the one specified in the 1997 version
   of X.509. Additional information regarding the use of UTCTime and
   GeneralizedTime can be found in [RFC5652].

2.1.6.4.4. BinarySigningTime Attribute

   The BinarySigningTime Attribute MAY be present. Note that the
   presence or absence of the BinarySigningTime attribute in no way
   affects the validity of the signed object (as specified in Section
   3). The attrType OID for the SigningTime attribute is
   1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.2.46.

         id-aa-binarySigningTime OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1)
             member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs9(9)
             smime(16) aa(2) 46 }

   The attrValues for the SigningTime attribute is defined as:

         BinarySigningTime ::= BinaryTime

         BinaryTime ::= INTEGER (0..MAX)

   The BinaryTime element specifies the time, based on the local system
   clock, at which the digital signature was applied to the content. The
   precise definition of the BinaryTime element can be found in
   [RFC4049].

2.1.6.5. signatureAlgorithm

   The signatureAlgorithm MUST conform to the RPKI Algorithms and Key
   Size Profile specification [I-D.sidr-rpki-algs].

2.1.6.6. signature

   The signature value is defined as:

         SignatureValue ::= OCTET STRING

   The signature characteristics are defined by the digest and signature
   algorithms.

2.1.6.7. unsignedAttrs

   unsignedAttrs MUST be omitted.

 


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3. Signed Object Validation

   Before a relying party can use a signed object, the relying party
   MUST validate the signed object by verifying that all of the
   following conditions hold.  A relying party may perform these checks
   in any order.  Note that these checks are necessary but not
   sufficient: in general, further validation MUST be performed based on
   the specific type of signed object.

   1.  The signed object syntax complies with this specification. In
       particular, that each of the following is true:

       a.  The contentType of the CMS object is SignedData (OID
           1.2.840.113549.1.7.2)

       b.  The version of the SignedData object is 3.

       c.  The certificates field in the SignedData object is present
           and contains one EE certificate, the Subject Key Identifier
           (SKI) field of which matches the sid field of the SignerInfo
           object.

       d.  The crls field in the SignedData object is omitted.

       e.  The version of the SignerInfo is 3.

       f.  The signedAttrs field in the SignerInfo object is present and
           contains both the ContentType attribute (OID
           1.2.840.113549.1.9.3) and the MessageDigest attribute (OID
           1.2.840.113549.1.9.4).

       g.  The eContentType in the EncapsulatedContentInfo is an OID
           that matches the attrValues in the ContentType attribute.

       h.  The unsignedAttrs field in the SignerInfo object is omitted.

       i.  The digestAlgorithm in the SignedData and SignerInfo objects
           conforms to the RPKI Algorithms and Key Size Profile
           specification [I-D.sidr-rpki-algs].

       j.  The signatureAlgorithm in the SignerInfo object conforms to
           the RPKI Algorithms and Key Size Profile specification
           [I-D.sidr-rpki-algs].

   2.  The public key of the EE certificate (contained within the CMS
       signed-data object) can be used to successfully verify the
       signature on the signed object.

 


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   3.  The EE certificate (contained within the CMS signed-data object)
       is a valid end-entity certificate in the resource PKI as
       specified by [I-D.sidr-res-certs].  In particular, there exists a
       valid certification path from a trust anchor to this EE
       certificate.

   If the above procedure indicates that the signed object is invalid,
   then the signed object MUST be discarded and treated as though no
   signed object were present.  If the all of the conditions above are
   true, then the signed object may be valid.  The relying party MUST
   then perform any additional validation steps required for the
   particular type of signed object.

4. Definition of Specific Signed Objects

   Each RPKI signed object MUST be defined based on this profile, by
   specifying the following data elements and validation procedure:

   1.  eContentType:  Obtain an OID to be used for the eContentType
       field in encapContentInfo.  This OID uniquely identifies the type
       of signed object.

   2.  eContent:  Define an ASN.1 syntax for the eContent field in
       encapContentInfo. The syntax must consist of an ASN.1 SEQUENCE
       whose first element is "version" expressed as an ASN.1 INTEGER.

   3.  Content-Type Attribute:  The mandatory Content-Type Attribute
       must have its attrValues field set to the same OID as
       eContentType in item 1.

   4.  Additional Validation:  Define a set of additional validation
       steps for the specific signed object. Before using this specific
       signed object, a relying party MUST perform both the generic
       validation steps in Section 3 above, as well as these additional
       steps.

5. Security Considerations

       There is no assumption of confidentiality for the data in an RPKI
       signed object.  The integrity and authenticity of each signed
       object is based on the verification of a digital signature for
       the object, and on the validation of the EE certificate used to
       perform that verification.  It is anticipated that signed objects
       will be stored in repositories that will be publicly accessible.

6. IANA Considerations

       None.
 


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7. Acknowledgements

       The authors wish to thank Charles Gardiner, Russ Housley, and
       Derek Kong for their help and contributions.  Additionally, the
       authors would like to thank Rob Austein, Roque Gagliano, Danny
       McPherson and Sam Weiler for their careful reviews and helpful
       comments.

8. Normative References

   [I-D.sidr-arch] Lepinski, M. and S. Kent, "An Infrastructure to
              Support Secure Internet Routing",
              draft-ietf-sidr-arch-09.txt (work in progress), October
              2009.

   [I-D.sidr-res-certs] Huston, G., Michaleson, G., and R. Loomans, "A
              Profile for X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates",
              draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-18.txt (work in progress), May
              2010.

   [I-D.sidr-rpki-algs] Huston, G., "A Profile for Algorithms and Key
              Sizes for use in the Resource Public Key Infrastructure",
              draft-huston-sidr-rpki-algs-00.txt (work in progress),
              July 2009.

   [RFC3779]  Lynn, C., Kent, S., and K. Seo, "X.509 Extensions for IP
              Addresses and AS Identifiers", RFC 3779, June 2004.

   [RFC5280]  Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
              Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
              Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
              (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, May 2008.

   [RFC5652]  Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", RFC
              5652, September 2009.

9. Informative References

   [RFC4049]  Housley, R., "BinaryTime: An Alternate Format for
              Representing Date and Time in ASN.1", RFC 4049, April
              2005.

Authors' Addresses

   Matt Lepinski
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138
 


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   Email: mlepinski@bbn.com

   Andrew Chi
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138

   Email: achi@bbn.com

   Stephen Kent
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge MA 02138

   Email: kent@bbn.com




































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> It was suggested to the authors of the ROA Format draft that the
> specification of any future RPKI signed objects would be made much
> simpler if we split the specification of the CMS encapsulation (which
> pertains to all RPKI signed objects) off from the stuff that is
> ROA-specific.
> 
> Therefore, we have produced the two attached drafts for your consideration:

thank you!

randy

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Date: Sat, 21 Aug 2010 05:19:09 +0900
Message-ID: <m2aaohniki.wl%randy@psg.com>
From: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
To: Matt Lepinski <mlepinski@bbn.com>
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Template for RPKI signed objects and revised ROA format
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> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object is a generic template designed to simplify 
> the specification of RPKI signed objects.
>      Note that to instantiate the template and create a new type of RPKI 
> signed object all you have to do is:
>      1. Get an OID to identify the ContentType for the new type of 
> signed object
>      2. Specify the ASN.1 syntax for the content of the new type of 
> signed object
>      3. Specify any additional steps that are required for validating 
> the new type of signed object (beyond the standard steps required for 
> all RPKI signed objects which are specified in the rpki-signed-object draft)

sandy/chris, could we please quickly adopt this as a wg draft so that
this syntactic split of roa-format does not create delay?

randy

From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Mon Aug 23 07:47:11 2010
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From: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>
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Subject: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt
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The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of 
draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this 
internet draft as a work item.

This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 Aug 
2010.  As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language from 
the ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS 
encapsulation for signed objects.

Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already 
working group work items.  The work item represented by this new draft is 
the creation of an extract and a generic description.

The draft is available at 
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00

As always in a call for adoption:

Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
the draft.

Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
adoption of the draft as a wg work item.

Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for adoption 
will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.

--Sandy, speaking as wg chair



From gih@apnic.net  Mon Aug 23 13:30:33 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption
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The Working Group chairs have also received a request from the authors =
of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt on the 26th July that the working =
group adopt this internet draft as a work item, and a followup in =
support of this request from a working group member on the 4th August.

Would the WG chairs please act on this earlier request, or kindly =
indicate the exact nature of procedural errors in the earlier request so =
that the authors may redress them to the extent possible?



On 24/08/2010, at 12:47 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of =
draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this =
internet draft as a work item.
>=20
> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 =
Aug 2010.  As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language =
from the ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS =
encapsulation for signed objects.
>=20
> Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already =
working group work items.  The work item represented by this new draft =
is the creation of an extract and a generic description.
>=20
> The draft is available at =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>=20
> As always in a call for adoption:
>=20
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs =
to
> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works =
against
> adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to =
work on
> the draft.
>=20
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>=20
> Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for =
adoption will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>=20
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr




From randy@psg.com  Mon Aug 23 15:13:39 2010
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> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of 
> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this 
> internet draft as a work item.

support

randy

From rbarnes@bbn.com  Mon Aug 23 17:56:33 2010
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+1

This document seems like a good approach to maintaining some sort of  
long-term architectural sanity in the RPKI, maybe even something that  
could simplify tool-building.

--Richard


On Aug 23, 2010, at 6:14 PM, Randy Bush wrote:

>> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of
>> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt  
>> this
>> internet draft as a work item.
>
> support
>
> randy
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From terry.manderson@icann.org  Mon Aug 23 21:20:47 2010
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From: Terry Manderson <terry.manderson@icann.org>
To: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>, "sidr@ietf.org" <sidr@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 23 Aug 2010 21:21:18 -0700
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Support, and willing to review.

Cheers
Terry


On 24/08/10 12:47 AM, "Sandra Murphy" <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com> wrote:

> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of
> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this
> internet draft as a work item.
>=20
> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 Aug
> 2010.  As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language from
> the ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS
> encapsulation for signed objects.
>=20
> Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already
> working group work items.  The work item represented by this new draft is
> the creation of an extract and a generic description.
>=20
> The draft is available at
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>=20
> As always in a call for adoption:
>=20
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
> adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work o=
n
> the draft.
>=20
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>=20
> Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for adoption
> will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>=20
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From kseo@bbn.com  Tue Aug 24 06:19:49 2010
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Date: Tue, 24 Aug 2010 09:20:16 -0400
To: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt
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I support this.

>The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of 
>draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt 
>this internet draft as a work item.
>
>This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 
>20 Aug 2010.  As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common 
>language from the ROA format and manifest documents that has to do 
>with the CMS encapsulation for signed objects.
>
>Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are 
>already working group work items.  The work item represented by this 
>new draft is the creation of an extract and a generic description.
>
>The draft is available at 
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>
>As always in a call for adoption:
>
>Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
>judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
>adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
>the draft.
>
>Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
>adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>
>Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for 
>adoption will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>
>--Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>sidr mailing list
>sidr@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From robert@ripe.net  Tue Aug 24 07:01:56 2010
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Date: Tue, 24 Aug 2010 16:02:19 +0200
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt
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Generally I support this too, but have a specific question: what's the 
intended future relation between this would-be-draft and the existing ROA 
draft? I mean, once we have a template, we should use that, even for the 
ROAs, right?

Robert


On 2010.08.23. 16:47, Sandra Murphy wrote:
> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of
> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this
> internet draft as a work item.
>
> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 Aug
> 2010. As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language from the
> ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS encapsulation
> for signed objects.
>
> Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already
> working group work items. The work item represented by this new draft is the
> creation of an extract and a generic description.
>
> The draft is available at
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>
> As always in a call for adoption:
>
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
> adoption. The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
> the draft.
>
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>
> Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for adoption
> will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From randy@psg.com  Tue Aug 24 07:44:18 2010
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> Generally I support this too, but have a specific question: what's the 
> intended future relation between this would-be-draft and the existing ROA 
> draft? I mean, once we have a template, we should use that, even for the 
> ROAs, right?

i have been told that is the plan.  i certainly hope so.

randy

From rogaglia@cisco.com  Tue Aug 24 07:54:29 2010
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I support the adoption of the document and Robert's comment. I can see =
the inclusion of the generic document in references section of the new =
ROA draft but would also to see it in the main text.

Roque.


> Generally I support this too, but have a specific question: what's the =
intended future relation between this would-be-draft and the existing =
ROA draft? I mean, once we have a template, we should use that, even for =
the ROAs, right?
>=20
> Robert
>=20
>=20
> On 2010.08.23. 16:47, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of
>> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt =
this
>> internet draft as a work item.
>>=20
>> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 =
Aug
>> 2010. As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language =
from the
>> ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS =
encapsulation
>> for signed objects.
>>=20
>> Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already
>> working group work items. The work item represented by this new draft =
is the
>> creation of an extract and a generic description.
>>=20
>> The draft is available at
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>>=20
>> As always in a call for adoption:
>>=20
>> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg =
chairs to
>> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works =
against
>> adoption. The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to =
work on
>> the draft.
>>=20
>> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
>> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>>=20
>> Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for =
adoption
>> will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>>=20
>> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>>=20
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> sidr mailing list
>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


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From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 00:31:57 2010
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Subject: [sidr] Draft minutes from IETF78 Maastricht
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Here are the draft minutes from IETF78 in Maastricht.  Thanks to Vesna 
Manojlovic for volunteering to produce the minutes.

Please send corrections, comments, additions, etc., to the list.  Final 
minutes are due 15 Sept.

These minutes have been uploaded to the IETF web site.

--Sandy

Secure Inter-Domain Routing WG (sidr)
78th IETF, Maastricht 
WEDNESDAY, July 28, 2010 
1300-1530  Afternoon Session I
Auditorium 2
=====================================================
CHAIR(s): Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy at Sparta.com>
           Chris Morrow <morrowc@ops-netman.net>
 	(audio recording available)
AGENDA:
  1) Administrivia
    - Mailing list: http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/sidr/index.html
    - WG Resources: http://tools.ietf.org/wg/sidr/
    - Minute taker: Vesna Manojlovic
    - Jabber Scribe: Warren Kumari
    - Blue Sheets
    - Agenda Bashing

Last Call status (slide #5)
New WG documents (slide #6)


2) Requested Discussion Topics

a) Removing TLS from the Provisioning Protocol 
Rob Austein 
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-0.pdf

TLS was added to  "up-down protocol" specification.
TLS would theoretically protect from Replay Attack (example).
Easier Replay protection; CMS timestamps, serial numbers,
CMS introduces another problem, with MitM.

Gregory: reboot.
There are details that need to be worked out.
A: Serial number

Robert K.: if the MitM consistently keeps dropping messages, that is DoS.

Jabber: Mike Hammond: if you include in your message which time-stampt 
you are obsoleting, that solves it.
A: Gaps in the sequence, clock is not good enough.

Speaker: We do not currently have with TLS protection against MitM. It 
could be a good additional requirement, but we would not lose it if we 
drop TLS.

b) Alternative to the Trust Anchor Format 
Samuel Weiler
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-11.pdf
draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format

Randy Bush: I disagree, we often have opportunities to simplify the 
drafts. I suggest we do not pass on this one.

Robert: I prefer this one.
Steve Kent: 1) it tries to re-define trust anchors, no need.
3779 tells you.
This is the alternative.
Q: What do you call it?
Mechanism to verify the ... (?!)
"something different".
If this is going to become an Equivalent alternative, I've already 
suggested some changes in the comments to the list...

Sandy: So, I hear there are some wording issues, no significant objection?

A: If you add Second level, and the CRL.

Randy: I would stress "explicit requirements".

Rob Austin: I support it.
A question to Steve: level of indirection, two level approach is a MUST?
Does the WG agree to it being a MUST, or a SHOULD?
I seem to recall the list supports the SHOULD. Why MUST?
Steve Kent: Mandating good security practices.
Sandy: I'll put the question to the mailing list.

3) Key Rollover
     (a) Key Rollover at RIPE     NCC
         Presenter: Tim Bruijnzeels
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-1.pdf

Roque: Is deletion also manual, or the batch process?
A: The start is manual, the rest is automated. I'm happy to do it either 
way.

Rob Austin: I understood that all the algorithms are the same.
Differences: no waiting period (?!) [staging period?]
A: We go straight to the publication.

     (b) Key Rollover
         Presenter: Steve Kent
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf
http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-aao-profile-0-keyroll-00.txt
http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-repos-struct-02.txt

Geoff: Step 5 happens after the staging period, not during.
Geoff: "short" period means  Minutes, not hours.

This is the new document, so it needs review.

Rob: all the implementations are doing more-less this.
Comment: Lock around rsync will be .. pain in the but.
I am not sure if the staging is necessary at all.

Steve: We disagree. Let me explain why...
Rob: OK, I have less problem with that.

Rob: Do we really need to have the waiting period and locking so many 
things out?
Geoff: The reason for suspension is to generate the clean overwrite.

Sandy: It would be useful for this to happen as the conversation on the 
list.

4) Algorithm Migration
    Presenter: Roque Gagliano
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-2.pdf

Requested by Security AD.

Summary: 3 questions:
1) Do we want to support only top-down algorithm transitions?
2) Do we want to support multiple signatures in CMS objects?
3) Any validation issue...?

Robert: No, No, and "as long as there is *one* ROA that validates, you 
should accept"

Paul Hofman: 1) No "top down". It will get in the way...
Argue towards the "laisser faire".

Rob:
1) I would like to understand it as "the Top-down is the minimum ..." 
(what?!)
relying party is only
2) I am not sure it is worth going through all the trouble...
I could live with the (...??)

Steve Kent: You can not stop using the OLD algorithm, until the "end of 
life" / twilight.
That is why the top down makes lots of sense.

Geoff: I suspect that the transition means the relying party using 
"current" and "new"
Sandy: this validates Steve's argumentation.

6) Updated Drafts
     (a) Certificate Policy
     Certificate Policy (CP) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
     http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-sidr-cp-09
     Presenter: Karen Seo

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-6.pdf

(b) RPSL Signatures
     Securing RPSL Objects with RPKI Signatures
     http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-sidr-rpsl-sig-03
     Presenter: Robert Kisteleki

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-5.pdf


(c) Use Cases
     Use Cases and interpretation of RPKI objects for issuers and relying
     parties
     http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-sidr-usecases-00
     Presenter: Sriram Kotikalapudi

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-3.pdf

7) New Drafts
     (a) Publication Protocol
     A Publication Protocol for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
     (RPKI)
     http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-weiler-sidr-publication-00

     Presenter: Sam Weiler

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-12.pdf

Are we ready to adopt this to the work item?

Sandy: Will send a question to the mailing list.


8) New Topic

     (a) AS_SET, Aggregator Stats and Implications for the {Prefix, Origin}
         Validation Algorithm

     Presenter: Sriram Kotikalapudi

  http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-4.pdf

Q: Closest to the origin?
A: The most recent AS is the extreme left, origin AS is the extreme right.

Almost in all cases, the first AS after the AS_SET is the origin AS, 
therefore the Recommendation - disregard the aggregator!

John Scutter, Juniper networks: OK

?: Can not treat the agreggator like that, ....

4-bite AS purposes: additional consistency checks need to be performed.

AS SET is optional

Rudiger: I am not sure if the new attack type is any different then any 
other attack that can be performed by such attacker.

Private ASN should not show up. BGP specs need clean-up.

Gregory, France Telecom: Conclusions based on current statistics. If we 
base the algorithm on this, add recommendation to do have the correct 
ASN behind the aggregator.

John Scudder: It does make sense from the PoV of how the AS path is 
constructed.

5) Use of RPKI in Routers

     (a) RPKI Use in Routers
     The RPKI/Router Protocol
     draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol-06.txt
     http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol-06
    Presenter: Randy Bush

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-8.pdf

Q: Alexis: should it also reevaluate discarded prefixes?
A: (?)

Q: What happens when there is no other cache?
A: Start paddling!

      (b) BGP Prefix Origin Validation
     draft-pmohapat-sidr-pfx-validate-07
     http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-pmohapat-sidr-pfx-validate-07.txt
    Presenter: Randy Bush

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-9.pdf

Solution: allow the operator to test the validity, and set local policy

Q: Does something prevents the router to rewrite the policy?
A: (?)

John: you want all the routers to follow the same policies
Jeff: advertise best-external-always

Q: Alexei: if all 3 have different state...
A: The reason for this is: Incremental deployment. When I add my first 
router (with RPKI), I can add this to my existing policy.

Dani: If your different routers can have different cashes... then you 
have bigger problem.

Rob Austin: Global distributed DB. They will not have the same view nor 
consistent state.

6) Updated Drafts

     Validation Signaling
     BGP Prefix Origin Validation State Extended Community

  http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-pmohapat-sidr-origin-validation-signaling-00.txt
      Presenter: Keyur Patel

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-13.pptx

Defining the new extended community.

Randy: Let's have this as the WG draft, so I can disagree with it.

Alexis: I don't see why do we need 3 new community space for 3 new 
communities. Nor global well knows communities. You cna just choose
A: It's just one, with 3 bits.
Anyway, it is in my opinion, polluting the number space.

John Scudder: I mostly agree, but with regular communities there is no 
transitivity bit.

Dani: I support this.

Randy: I think it could be useful for diagnostics.

Final comment by the Chair: NRO has the deadline at 1.1.2011 to start 
operations with RPKI.
It would be good if our documents be out of the Last Call. Before the 
Beijging meeting.

Please comment on drafts!

(next meeting - please send the slides before the day of the session).



From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:02:47 2010
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Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 04:03:17 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)
From: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>
To: Robert Kisteleki <robert@ripe.net>
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Cc: sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt
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I think Matt's message to the list of 20 Aug 2010 included a revised 
version of the roa format that would make use of the generic signed object 
draft.

If the generic signed object draft is adopted by the wg, then the roa 
format draft authors will have the opportunity to change the roa format 
draft in accordance with wg consensus.

--Sandy



On Tue, 24 Aug 2010, Robert Kisteleki wrote:

> Generally I support this too, but have a specific question: what's the 
> intended future relation between this would-be-draft and the existing ROA 
> draft? I mean, once we have a template, we should use that, even for the 
> ROAs, right?
>
> Robert
>
>
> On 2010.08.23. 16:47, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of
>> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this
>> internet draft as a work item.
>> 
>> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 Aug
>> 2010. As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language from the
>> ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS encapsulation
>> for signed objects.
>> 
>> Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already
>> working group work items. The work item represented by this new draft is 
>> the
>> creation of an extract and a generic description.
>> 
>> The draft is available at
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>> 
>> As always in a call for adoption:
>> 
>> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
>> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
>> adoption. The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
>> the draft.
>> 
>> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
>> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>> 
>> Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for adoption
>> will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>> 
>> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> sidr mailing list
>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>

From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:18:02 2010
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Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 04:18:32 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)
From: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>
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Subject: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an alternate 
trust anchor representation format from that proposed in 
draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04.  This alternate format was discussed in the sidr 
meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.

I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg consensus 
that draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative format.

Please respond so that the authors can represent wg consensus in the 
draft.  The call for consensus will end Sept 8.

--Sandy


From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:18:13 2010
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Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 04:18:43 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)
From: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>
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Subject: [sidr] removing TLS from the provisioning protocol
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We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from the 
provisioning protocol.  Rob Austein presented his views on the issue at 
the sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.

I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors of 
draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove TLS 
from the protocol?

Please respond to the list by 8 Sept, so the authors can represent wg 
consensus in the draft.

--Sandy


From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:22:45 2010
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From: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>
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Subject: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft 
"CA Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.  This 
draft was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to the authors 
for the delay in making the requested wg call for adoption.

The draft is available at
http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00

The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, NL. 
The slides are available at 
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.

Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to 
judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against 
adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on 
the draft.

Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against 
adoption of the draft as a wg work item as well as your intention to work
on the draft if adopted. The call for adoption will end in two weeks on 
8 Sep 2010.

--Sandy, speaking as wg chair



From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:23:21 2010
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Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 04:22:42 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)
From: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>
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Cc: Adrian Farrel <adrian.farrel@huawei.com>, "sidr@ietf.org wg" <sidr@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption
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Geoff is correct, I did miss making the requested wg call for adoption.

--Sandy, speaking as wg chair


On Tue, 24 Aug 2010, Geoff Huston wrote:

> The Working Group chairs have also received a request from the authors of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt on the 26th July that the working group adopt this internet draft as a work item, and a followup in support of this request from a working group member on the 4th August.
>
> Would the WG chairs please act on this earlier request, or kindly indicate the exact nature of procedural errors in the earlier request so that the authors may redress them to the extent possible?
>
>
>
> On 24/08/2010, at 12:47 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>
>> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this internet draft as a work item.
>>
>> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 Aug 2010.  As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language from the ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS encapsulation for signed objects.
>>
>> Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already working group work items.  The work item represented by this new draft is the creation of an extract and a generic description.
>>
>> The draft is available at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>>
>> As always in a call for adoption:
>>
>> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
>> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
>> adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
>> the draft.
>>
>> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
>> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>>
>> Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for adoption will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>>
>> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> sidr mailing list
>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>
>
>
>

From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:23:22 2010
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Subject: [sidr] WG LC for draft-ietf-sidr-cp-10.txt
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The authors of "Certificate Policy (CP) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)" have 
requested a working group last call on this draft.  The draft is available 
at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-sidr-cp-10.

The authors indicate that the following changes have been made:

      1. Added 147 RFC 2119 words

      2. Changed "2.1. Repositories" to require conformance to
         the spec "A Profile for Resource Certificate Repository Structure"

      3. Changed "3.2.4. Non-verified subscriber information"

         From: No non-verified subscriber data is included in certificates
               issued under this certificate policy except for SIA/AIA
               extensions.
         To: No non-verified subscriber data is included in certificates
             issued under this certificate policy except for SIA
             extensions.

      4. Changed Section "4.7. Certificate re-key" to require conformance
         to the spec for "CA Key Rollover in the RPKI"

This document has been through last call once before, which ordinarily 
would mean that this review would verify that previous last call comments 
had been adequately dealt with.  However, the number of changes made since 
the last wglc indicate a full review would be wise, particularly the 2119 
language.

Please review the document and send comments to the list, and indicate 
whether you believe that this document is ready to leave the wg.

The wglc will end on 10 Sept.

--Sandy, speaking as wg chair

From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:24:27 2010
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Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 04:24:50 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)
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Forgot to add the obligatory coda...

On Wed, 25 Aug 2010, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> I think Matt's message to the list of 20 Aug 2010 included a revised version 
> of the roa format that would make use of the generic signed object draft.
>
> If the generic signed object draft is adopted by the wg, then the roa format 
> draft authors will have the opportunity to change the roa format draft in 
> accordance with wg consensus.
>
> --Sandy

   --Sandy, speaking as wg chair

>
>
>
> On Tue, 24 Aug 2010, Robert Kisteleki wrote:
>
>> Generally I support this too, but have a specific question: what's the 
>> intended future relation between this would-be-draft and the existing ROA 
>> draft? I mean, once we have a template, we should use that, even for the 
>> ROAs, right?
>> 
>> Robert
>> 
>> 
>> On 2010.08.23. 16:47, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>>> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of
>>> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this
>>> internet draft as a work item.
>>> 
>>> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 Aug
>>> 2010. As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language from 
>>> the
>>> ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS 
>>> encapsulation
>>> for signed objects.
>>> 
>>> Note that the draft from which the language was extracted are already
>>> working group work items. The work item represented by this new draft is 
>>> the
>>> creation of an extract and a generic description.
>>> 
>>> The draft is available at
>>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00
>>> 
>>> As always in a call for adoption:
>>> 
>>> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
>>> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
>>> adoption. The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
>>> the draft.
>>> 
>>> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
>>> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.
>>> 
>>> Because of the special circumstances of this draft, the call for adoption
>>> will be shorter than usual - 10 days, ending 1 Sept 2010.
>>> 
>>> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>>> 
>>> 
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> sidr mailing list
>>> sidr@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> sidr mailing list
>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>> 
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>

From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:25:00 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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Forgot to add the obligatory coda:

On Wed, 25 Aug 2010, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an alternate 
> trust anchor representation format from that proposed in 
> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04.  This alternate format was discussed in the sidr 
> meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
> I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg consensus that 
> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative format.
>
> Please respond so that the authors can represent wg consensus in the draft. 
> The call for consensus will end Sept 8.
>
> --Sandy

   --Sandy, speaking as wg chair

>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>

From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:25:34 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] removing TLS from the provisioning protocol
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Forgot to add the obligatory coda:

On Wed, 25 Aug 2010, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from the 
> provisioning protocol.  Rob Austein presented his views on the issue at the 
> sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
> I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors of 
> draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove TLS from 
> the protocol?
>
> Please respond to the list by 8 Sept, so the authors can represent wg 
> consensus in the draft.
>
> --Sandy

   --Sandy, speaking as wg chair

>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>

From Sandra.Murphy@cobham.com  Wed Aug 25 01:55:41 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] Draft minutes from IETF78 Maastricht
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And this one, too:

On Wed, 25 Aug 2010, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> Here are the draft minutes from IETF78 in Maastricht.  Thanks to Vesna 
> Manojlovic for volunteering to produce the minutes.
>
> Please send corrections, comments, additions, etc., to the list.  Final 
> minutes are due 15 Sept.
>
> These minutes have been uploaded to the IETF web site.
>
> --Sandy

   --Sandy, speaking as wg chair

>
> Secure Inter-Domain Routing WG (sidr)
> 78th IETF, Maastricht WEDNESDAY, July 28, 2010 1300-1530  Afternoon Session I
> Auditorium 2
> =====================================================
> CHAIR(s): Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy at Sparta.com>
>          Chris Morrow <morrowc@ops-netman.net>
> 	(audio recording available)
> AGENDA:
> 1) Administrivia
>   - Mailing list: http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/sidr/index.html
>   - WG Resources: http://tools.ietf.org/wg/sidr/
>   - Minute taker: Vesna Manojlovic
>   - Jabber Scribe: Warren Kumari
>   - Blue Sheets
>   - Agenda Bashing
>
> Last Call status (slide #5)
> New WG documents (slide #6)
>
>
> 2) Requested Discussion Topics
>
> a) Removing TLS from the Provisioning Protocol Rob Austein 
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-0.pdf
>
> TLS was added to  "up-down protocol" specification.
> TLS would theoretically protect from Replay Attack (example).
> Easier Replay protection; CMS timestamps, serial numbers,
> CMS introduces another problem, with MitM.
>
> Gregory: reboot.
> There are details that need to be worked out.
> A: Serial number
>
> Robert K.: if the MitM consistently keeps dropping messages, that is DoS.
>
> Jabber: Mike Hammond: if you include in your message which time-stampt you 
> are obsoleting, that solves it.
> A: Gaps in the sequence, clock is not good enough.
>
> Speaker: We do not currently have with TLS protection against MitM. It could 
> be a good additional requirement, but we would not lose it if we drop TLS.
>
> b) Alternative to the Trust Anchor Format Samuel Weiler
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-11.pdf
> draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format
>
> Randy Bush: I disagree, we often have opportunities to simplify the drafts. I 
> suggest we do not pass on this one.
>
> Robert: I prefer this one.
> Steve Kent: 1) it tries to re-define trust anchors, no need.
> 3779 tells you.
> This is the alternative.
> Q: What do you call it?
> Mechanism to verify the ... (?!)
> "something different".
> If this is going to become an Equivalent alternative, I've already suggested 
> some changes in the comments to the list...
>
> Sandy: So, I hear there are some wording issues, no significant objection?
>
> A: If you add Second level, and the CRL.
>
> Randy: I would stress "explicit requirements".
>
> Rob Austin: I support it.
> A question to Steve: level of indirection, two level approach is a MUST?
> Does the WG agree to it being a MUST, or a SHOULD?
> I seem to recall the list supports the SHOULD. Why MUST?
> Steve Kent: Mandating good security practices.
> Sandy: I'll put the question to the mailing list.
>
> 3) Key Rollover
>    (a) Key Rollover at RIPE     NCC
>        Presenter: Tim Bruijnzeels
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-1.pdf
>
> Roque: Is deletion also manual, or the batch process?
> A: The start is manual, the rest is automated. I'm happy to do it either way.
>
> Rob Austin: I understood that all the algorithms are the same.
> Differences: no waiting period (?!) [staging period?]
> A: We go straight to the publication.
>
>    (b) Key Rollover
>        Presenter: Steve Kent
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf
> http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-aao-profile-0-keyroll-00.txt
> http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-repos-struct-02.txt
>
> Geoff: Step 5 happens after the staging period, not during.
> Geoff: "short" period means  Minutes, not hours.
>
> This is the new document, so it needs review.
>
> Rob: all the implementations are doing more-less this.
> Comment: Lock around rsync will be .. pain in the but.
> I am not sure if the staging is necessary at all.
>
> Steve: We disagree. Let me explain why...
> Rob: OK, I have less problem with that.
>
> Rob: Do we really need to have the waiting period and locking so many things 
> out?
> Geoff: The reason for suspension is to generate the clean overwrite.
>
> Sandy: It would be useful for this to happen as the conversation on the list.
>
> 4) Algorithm Migration
>   Presenter: Roque Gagliano
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-2.pdf
>
> Requested by Security AD.
>
> Summary: 3 questions:
> 1) Do we want to support only top-down algorithm transitions?
> 2) Do we want to support multiple signatures in CMS objects?
> 3) Any validation issue...?
>
> Robert: No, No, and "as long as there is *one* ROA that validates, you should 
> accept"
>
> Paul Hofman: 1) No "top down". It will get in the way...
> Argue towards the "laisser faire".
>
> Rob:
> 1) I would like to understand it as "the Top-down is the minimum ..." 
> (what?!)
> relying party is only
> 2) I am not sure it is worth going through all the trouble...
> I could live with the (...??)
>
> Steve Kent: You can not stop using the OLD algorithm, until the "end of life" 
> / twilight.
> That is why the top down makes lots of sense.
>
> Geoff: I suspect that the transition means the relying party using "current" 
> and "new"
> Sandy: this validates Steve's argumentation.
>
> 6) Updated Drafts
>    (a) Certificate Policy
>    Certificate Policy (CP) for the Resource PKI (RPKI)
>    http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-sidr-cp-09
>    Presenter: Karen Seo
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-6.pdf
>
> (b) RPSL Signatures
>    Securing RPSL Objects with RPKI Signatures
>    http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-sidr-rpsl-sig-03
>    Presenter: Robert Kisteleki
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-5.pdf
>
>
> (c) Use Cases
>    Use Cases and interpretation of RPKI objects for issuers and relying
>    parties
>    http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-sidr-usecases-00
>    Presenter: Sriram Kotikalapudi
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-3.pdf
>
> 7) New Drafts
>    (a) Publication Protocol
>    A Publication Protocol for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
>    (RPKI)
>    http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-weiler-sidr-publication-00
>
>    Presenter: Sam Weiler
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-12.pdf
>
> Are we ready to adopt this to the work item?
>
> Sandy: Will send a question to the mailing list.
>
>
> 8) New Topic
>
>    (a) AS_SET, Aggregator Stats and Implications for the {Prefix, Origin}
>        Validation Algorithm
>
>    Presenter: Sriram Kotikalapudi
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-4.pdf
>
> Q: Closest to the origin?
> A: The most recent AS is the extreme left, origin AS is the extreme right.
>
> Almost in all cases, the first AS after the AS_SET is the origin AS, 
> therefore the Recommendation - disregard the aggregator!
>
> John Scutter, Juniper networks: OK
>
> ?: Can not treat the agreggator like that, ....
>
> 4-bite AS purposes: additional consistency checks need to be performed.
>
> AS SET is optional
>
> Rudiger: I am not sure if the new attack type is any different then any other 
> attack that can be performed by such attacker.
>
> Private ASN should not show up. BGP specs need clean-up.
>
> Gregory, France Telecom: Conclusions based on current statistics. If we base 
> the algorithm on this, add recommendation to do have the correct ASN behind 
> the aggregator.
>
> John Scudder: It does make sense from the PoV of how the AS path is 
> constructed.
>
> 5) Use of RPKI in Routers
>
>    (a) RPKI Use in Routers
>    The RPKI/Router Protocol
>    draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol-06.txt
>    http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ymbk-rpki-rtr-protocol-06
>   Presenter: Randy Bush
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-8.pdf
>
> Q: Alexis: should it also reevaluate discarded prefixes?
> A: (?)
>
> Q: What happens when there is no other cache?
> A: Start paddling!
>
>     (b) BGP Prefix Origin Validation
>    draft-pmohapat-sidr-pfx-validate-07
>    http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-pmohapat-sidr-pfx-validate-07.txt
>   Presenter: Randy Bush
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-9.pdf
>
> Solution: allow the operator to test the validity, and set local policy
>
> Q: Does something prevents the router to rewrite the policy?
> A: (?)
>
> John: you want all the routers to follow the same policies
> Jeff: advertise best-external-always
>
> Q: Alexei: if all 3 have different state...
> A: The reason for this is: Incremental deployment. When I add my first router 
> (with RPKI), I can add this to my existing policy.
>
> Dani: If your different routers can have different cashes... then you have 
> bigger problem.
>
> Rob Austin: Global distributed DB. They will not have the same view nor 
> consistent state.
>
> 6) Updated Drafts
>
>    Validation Signaling
>    BGP Prefix Origin Validation State Extended Community
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-pmohapat-sidr-origin-validation-signaling-00.txt
>     Presenter: Keyur Patel
>
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-13.pptx
>
> Defining the new extended community.
>
> Randy: Let's have this as the WG draft, so I can disagree with it.
>
> Alexis: I don't see why do we need 3 new community space for 3 new 
> communities. Nor global well knows communities. You cna just choose
> A: It's just one, with 3 bits.
> Anyway, it is in my opinion, polluting the number space.
>
> John Scudder: I mostly agree, but with regular communities there is no 
> transitivity bit.
>
> Dani: I support this.
>
> Randy: I think it could be useful for diagnostics.
>
> Final comment by the Chair: NRO has the deadline at 1.1.2011 to start 
> operations with RPKI.
> It would be good if our documents be out of the Last Call. Before the 
> Beijging meeting.
>
> Please comment on drafts!
>
> (next meeting - please send the slides before the day of the session).
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>

From randy@psg.com  Wed Aug 25 02:55:15 2010
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> I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg consensus 
> that draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative format.

yes, please.

randy

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> I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors of 
> draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove TLS 
> from the protocol?

yes, please

From robert@ripe.net  Wed Aug 25 03:05:51 2010
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I support the change.

On 2010.08.25. 10:18, Sandra Murphy wrote:
> Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an alternate
> trust anchor representation format from that proposed in
> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04. This alternate format was discussed in the sidr
> meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
> I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg consensus that
> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative format.
>
> Please respond so that the authors can represent wg consensus in the draft.
> The call for consensus will end Sept 8.
>
> --Sandy
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From robert@ripe.net  Wed Aug 25 03:06:25 2010
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I support this change.

Robert


On 2010.08.25. 10:18, Sandra Murphy wrote:
> We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from the
> provisioning protocol. Rob Austein presented his views on the issue at the
> sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
> I am calling for wg consensus on the question. Should the authors of
> draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove TLS
> from the protocol?
>
> Please respond to the list by 8 Sept, so the authors can represent wg
> consensus in the draft.
>
> --Sandy
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From robert@ripe.net  Wed Aug 25 03:06:56 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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I support this.

Robert


On 2010.08.25. 10:23, Sandra Murphy wrote:
> Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft "CA Key
> Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt. This draft was
> announced on July 26. This wg chair apologizes to the authors for the delay
> in making the requested wg call for adoption.
>
> The draft is available at
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00
>
> The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, NL. The
> slides are available at http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.
>
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
> adoption. The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
> the draft.
>
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
> adoption of the draft as a wg work item as well as your intention to work
> on the draft if adopted. The call for adoption will end in two weeks on 8
> Sep 2010.
>
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From kotikalapudi.sriram@nist.gov  Wed Aug 25 07:25:36 2010
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> I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors of
> draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove TLS from
> the protocol?

I support this revision.

Sriram


From ggm@apnic.net  Wed Aug 25 15:56:30 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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I support adoption of this draft as a WG item.

-george

On 25/08/2010, at 6:23 PM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft "CA =
Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.  This draft =
was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to the authors for =
the delay in making the requested wg call for adoption.
>=20
> The draft is available at
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00
>=20
> The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, =
NL. The slides are available at =
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.
>=20
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs =
to judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works =
against adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing =
to work on the draft.
>=20
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against =
adoption of the draft as a wg work item as well as your intention to =
work
> on the draft if adopted. The call for adoption will end in two weeks =
on 8 Sep 2010.
>=20
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From kent@bbn.com  Wed Aug 25 16:01:24 2010
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Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 18:26:19 -0400
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Subject: Re: [sidr] removing TLS from the provisioning protocol
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At 4:18 AM -0400 8/25/10, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from 
>the provisioning protocol.  Rob Austein presented his views on the 
>issue at the sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
>I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors 
>of draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to 
>remove TLS from the protocol?
>
>Please respond to the list by 8 Sept, so the authors can represent 
>wg consensus in the draft.
>
>--Sandy

I am in favor of dropping the TLS requirement, and replacing it with 
the anti-replay mechanism (based on a time stamp?) that Rob proposed.

Steve

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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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At 4:23 AM -0400 8/25/10, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft 
>"CA Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt. 
>This draft was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to 
>the authors for the delay in making the requested wg call for 
>adoption.
>
>The draft is available at
>http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00
>
>The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, 
>NL. The slides are available at 
>http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.
>

I am in favor of adopting this document as a starting point for
standardizing this critical aspect of the RPKI.

Steve , (speaking not only as the co-author :-))


From terry.manderson@icann.org  Wed Aug 25 16:02:36 2010
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From: Terry Manderson <terry.manderson@icann.org>
To: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>, "sidr@ietf.org" <sidr@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 16:03:08 -0700
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I most certainly believe that the authors should remove TLS from the
protocol.

Cheers
Terry


On 25/08/10 6:18 PM, "Sandra Murphy" <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com> wrote:

> We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from the
> provisioning protocol.  Rob Austein presented his views on the issue at
> the sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.
>=20
> I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors of
> draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove TLS
> from the protocol?
>=20
> Please respond to the list by 8 Sept, so the authors can represent wg
> consensus in the draft.


From terry.manderson@icann.org  Wed Aug 25 16:13:49 2010
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From: Terry Manderson <terry.manderson@icann.org>
To: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>, "sidr@ietf.org" <sidr@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 16:14:18 -0700
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I support this draft for adoption as a workgroup item, I further express my
appreciation to the authors for being somewhat parsimonious in describing
something that could be painfully verbose.

Cheers
Terry


On 25/08/10 6:23 PM, "Sandra Murphy" <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com> wrote:

> Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft
> "CA Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.  This
> draft was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to the authors
> for the delay in making the requested wg call for adoption.
>=20
> The draft is available at
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00
>=20
> The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, NL.
> The slides are available at
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.
>=20
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
> judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
> adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work o=
n
> the draft.
>=20
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
> adoption of the draft as a wg work item as well as your intention to work
> on the draft if adopted. The call for adoption will end in two weeks on
> 8 Sep 2010.
>=20
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From gary@apnic.net  Wed Aug 25 16:18:41 2010
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I support this

Gary

On 25/08/2010, at 6:23 PM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft "CA =
Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.  This draft =
was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to the authors for =
the delay in making the requested wg call for adoption.
>=20
> The draft is available at
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00
>=20
> The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, =
NL. The slides are available at =
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.
>=20
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs =
to judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works =
against adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing =
to work on the draft.
>=20
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against =
adoption of the draft as a wg work item as well as your intention to =
work
> on the draft if adopted. The call for adoption will end in two weeks =
on 8 Sep 2010.
>=20
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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On 8/25/10 6:23 PM, Sandra Murphy wrote:
> Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft "CA
> Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.  This draft
> was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to the authors for
> the delay in making the requested wg call for adoption.

I support adoption.

From tim@ripe.net  Wed Aug 25 16:23:04 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] removing TLS from the provisioning protocol
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On 8/26/10 8:26 AM, Stephen Kent wrote:
> At 4:18 AM -0400 8/25/10, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>> We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from
>> the provisioning protocol.  Rob Austein presented his views on the
>> issue at the sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.
>>
>> I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors of
>> draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove
>> TLS from the protocol?
>>
>> Please respond to the list by 8 Sept, so the authors can represent wg
>> consensus in the draft.
>>
>> --Sandy
> 
> I am in favor of dropping the TLS requirement, and replacing it with the
> anti-replay mechanism (based on a time stamp?) that Rob proposed.
> 

+1


From terry.manderson@icann.org  Wed Aug 25 16:24:05 2010
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From: Terry Manderson <terry.manderson@icann.org>
To: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>, "sidr@ietf.org" <sidr@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2010 16:24:36 -0700
Thread-Topic: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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I support the use of this alternative format.

Cheers
Terry


On 25/08/10 6:25 PM, "Sandra Murphy" <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com> wrote:

> Forgot to add the obligatory coda:
>=20
> On Wed, 25 Aug 2010, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>=20
>> Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an alternate
>> trust anchor representation format from that proposed in
>> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04.  This alternate format was discussed in the sidr
>> meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.
>>=20
>> I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg consensus =
that
>> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative format.
>>=20
>> Please respond so that the authors can represent wg consensus in the dra=
ft.
>> The call for consensus will end Sept 8.
>>=20
>> --Sandy
>=20
>    --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>=20
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> sidr mailing list
>> sidr@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr
>>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr


From robertl@apnic.net  Wed Aug 25 16:26:40 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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I support adoption and am willing to review.

Rob

On 25/08/2010, at 18:23, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft "CA =
Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.  This draft =
was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to the authors for =
the delay in making the requested wg call for adoption.
>=20
> The draft is available at
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00
>=20
> The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, =
NL. The slides are available at =
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.
>=20
> Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs =
to judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works =
against adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing =
to work on the draft.
>=20
> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against =
adoption of the draft as a wg work item as well as your intention to =
work
> on the draft if adopted. The call for adoption will end in two weeks =
on 8 Sep 2010.
>=20
> --Sandy, speaking as wg chair
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

--=20
Robert Loomans                         email:       robertl@apnic.net
Senior Software Engineer, APNIC        sip:    robertl@voip.apnic.net
http://www.apnic.net/                  phone:         +61 7 3858 3100


From kent@bbn.com  Wed Aug 25 16:27:42 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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At 4:18 AM -0400 8/25/10, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an 
>alternate trust anchor representation format from that proposed in 
>draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04.  This alternate format was discussed in the 
>sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
>I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg 
>consensus that draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative 
>format.
>
>Please respond so that the authors can represent wg consensus in the 
>draft.  The call for consensus will end Sept 8.
>
>--Sandy

I am in favor of the WG switching to the simpler format, but only if 
the issues I raised on the list and at the meeting are addressed. 
Also, I would not characterize the question as you did above. Isn't 
the proposal for a (hopefully revised) version of Sam's draft to 
replace sidr-ta-04?

Steve

From gih@apnic.net  Wed Aug 25 17:01:55 2010
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To: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>, Sam Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
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Cc: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>, sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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On 26/08/2010, at 9:27 AM, Stephen Kent wrote:

> At 4:18 AM -0400 8/25/10, Sandra Murphy wrote:
>> Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an =
alternate trust anchor representation format from that proposed in =
draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04.  This alternate format was discussed in the sidr =
meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.
>>=20
>> I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg =
consensus that draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative format.
>>=20
>> Please respond so that the authors can represent wg consensus in the =
draft.  The call for consensus will end Sept 8.
>>=20
>> --Sandy
>=20
> I am in favor of the WG switching to the simpler format, but only if =
the issues I raised on the list and at the meeting are addressed. Also, =
I would not characterize the question as you did above. Isn't the =
proposal for a (hopefully revised) version of Sam's draft to replace =
sidr-ta-04?

I am happy to work with Sam to produce a single co-edited draft, if Sam =
is equally willing to do so.

Sam?

  Geoff


From randy@psg.com  Wed Aug 25 18:04:17 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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> Also, I would not characterize the question as you did above. Isn't 
> the proposal for a (hopefully revised) version of Sam's draft to 
> replace sidr-ta-04?

indeed.  sam's draft should replace.

randy

From sandy@tislabs.com  Thu Aug 26 00:05:17 2010
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From: sandy@tislabs.com (Sandy Murphy)
Cc: sidr@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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>I am in favor of the WG switching to the simpler format, but only if
>the issues I raised on the list and at the meeting are addressed.

Good.

>Also, I would not characterize the question as you did above. Isn't
>the proposal for a (hopefully revised) version of Sam's draft to
>replace sidr-ta-04?

Sam's message to the list said:

>I encourage the WG to adopt this format in place of the one in the current WG doc. 

I read that as asking for adoption of the format in the current draft, not of
adoption of an alternate draft.

Not that it matters, actually.  The same (revised) format would result in
either case.

--Sandy, speaking as wg chair.

From sra@hactrn.net  Thu Aug 26 12:11:45 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] removing TLS from the provisioning protocol
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At Wed, 25 Aug 2010 04:18:43 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time), Sandra Murphy wrote:
> 
> We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from the 
> provisioning protocol.  Rob Austein presented his views on the issue at 
> the sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.
> 
> I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors of 
> draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to remove TLS 
> from the protocol?

Yes :)

From sra@hactrn.net  Thu Aug 26 12:15:06 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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At Wed, 25 Aug 2010 04:18:32 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time), Sandra Murphy wrote:
> 
> Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an alternate 
> trust anchor representation format from that proposed in 
> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04.  This alternate format was discussed in the sidr 
> meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.
> 
> I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg consensus 
> that draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative format.

Yes, please.

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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt
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At Mon, 23 Aug 2010 10:47:42 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time), Sandra Murphy wrote:
> 
> The working group chairs have received a request from the authors of 
> draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt that the working group adopt this 
> internet draft as a work item.
> 
> This is the draft to which Matt Lepinski alluded in his message of 20 Aug 
> 2010.  As he notes, this draft is an extract of the common language from 
> the ROA format and manifest documents that has to do with the CMS 
> encapsulation for signed objects.

Support.

As an implementor I really want to use a common code path to validate
the common portions of all objects of this general form, and would
really prefer a single specification of what that code should do. :)

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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-achi-rpki-signed-object-00.txt
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> Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
> adoption of the draft as a wg work item.

Support and agree with Rob Austein's comment. In our implementation we
are already using a generic CMS object for ROAs and Manifests, having a
dedicated draft helps making this stuff better testable in isolation.

Cheers
Tim

From Wesley.E.George@sprint.com  Fri Aug 27 10:23:28 2010
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From: "George, Wes E [NTK]" <Wesley.E.George@sprint.com>
To: Sandra Murphy <Sandra.Murphy@sparta.com>, "sidr@ietf.org" <sidr@ietf.org>
Date: Fri, 27 Aug 2010 12:23:48 -0500
Thread-Topic: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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Subject: Re: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
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Support

Wes George

-----Original Message-----
From: sidr-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:sidr-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of San=
dra Murphy
Sent: Wednesday, August 25, 2010 4:23 AM
To: sidr@ietf.org
Subject: [sidr] WG adoption of draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt

Geoff Huston has requested that the working group adopt the draft
"CA Key Rollover in the RPKI" draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt.  This
draft was announced on July 26.  This wg chair apologizes to the authors
for the delay in making the requested wg call for adoption.

The draft is available at
http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00.txt
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-huston-sidr-keyroll-00

The draft was presented at the sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht, NL.
The slides are available at
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/78/slides/sidr-7.pdf.

Recall that active support for adoption is necessary for the wg chairs to
judge acceptance as a working group work item, so silence works against
adoption.  The wg chairs also want to know who would be willing to work on
the draft.

Please respond to the list, giving your recommendation for or against
adoption of the draft as a wg work item as well as your intention to work
on the draft if adopted. The call for adoption will end in two weeks on
8 Sep 2010.

--Sandy, speaking as wg chair


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Subject: [sidr] I-D Action:draft-ietf-sidr-rpki-rtr-02.txt
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Secure Inter-Domain Routing Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : The RPKI/Router Protocol
	Author(s)       : R. Bush, R. Austein
	Filename        : draft-ietf-sidr-rpki-rtr-02.txt
	Pages           : 20
	Date            : 2010-08-28

In order to formally validate the origin ASes of BGP announcements,
routers need a simple but reliable mechanism to receive RPKI
[I-D.ietf-sidr-arch] or analogous prefix origin data from a trusted
cache.  This document describes a protocol to deliver validated
prefix origin data to routers over ssh.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sidr-rpki-rtr-02.txt

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ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

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*Simulation in Computer Network Design and Modeling: Use and Analysis*



Editor

*Hussein Al-Bahadili*

*The Arab Academy for Banking & Financial Sciences, Jordan, **
hbahadili@gmail.com* <hbahadili@gmail.com>*  *



Publisher

*IGI Global (formerly Idea Group Inc.),
**www.igi-global.com*<http://www.igi-global.com/>
**

* *

*Call for Chapters: *

Proposals submission deadline: *June 30, 2010** **August 31, 2010 (Exteded
Deadline)*

Full chapters submission deadline: *October 30, 2010*

*Introduction*

      Prospective authors are invited to submit manuscripts for possible
publication in *Simulation in Computer Network Design and Modeling: Use and
Analysis*. This book will publish original material concerned with all
aspects of simulation on computer network design, modeling, analysis,
management, security, and performance evaluation. The primary mission of th=
e
book is to be influential in the improvement and development of the theory
and practice of computer network design and modeling, appealing to
academics, researchers, and professionals. In the information technology ag=
e
and with tremendous advancement in computer and communication technologies,
computer networks have become an integral part of many organizations. It is
our further aim to provide enough examples to educate organizations on how
they can benefit from simulation to design, evaluate the performance, and
manage these valuable resources.

      Computer simulation is widely-used in investigating the performance o=
f
existing and proposed computer networks designs, protocols, algorithms,
models, etc. The application of computer simulation can potentially improve
the quality and effectiveness of the network design and modeling. It is
generally unfeasible to implement a computer network design, protocol,
algorithm, or model before valid tests are performed to evaluate their
performance. It is clear that testing and evaluating such implementations
with real hardware is quite hard, in terms of the manpower, time, and other
resources. The preferred alternative is to model these algorithms in a
detailed simulator and then perform various scenarios to measure their
performance for various patterns of realistic computer networks environment=
s
(e.g., connection media, node densities, node mobility, transmission range,
size of traffic, etc.). The main challenge to simulation is to model the
process as close as possible to reality; otherwise it could produce entirel=
y
different performance characteristics from the ones discovered during actua=
l
use. In addition, the simulation study must be repeatable, unbiased, r
ealistic, statistically sound, and cost-effective.


*
*

*Objectives of the Book*

      The main objectives of this book is to: present state-of-the-art
methodologies in computer networks simulation and modeling; illustrate the
benefits of simulation in computer networks design, modeling, and analysis;
Identify the main issues that face efficient and effective computer network
simulation; demonstrate by example how the performance of computer networks
can be evaluated; provide cutting edge research on the simulation and
modeling of computer networks; present the trends in computer networks
simulation and modeling; discuss the main features of current simulation
languages; point-out the main trends in simulation languages and tools;
introduce the most popular academic and professional computer networks
simulators; and finally provide a complete compilation of the problems whic=
h
arise during the use of simulation in computer network design and modeling,
and the solutions which are applied to them.



*Recommended Topics*

      Recommended topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

=B7       Simulations techniques

=B7       Simulation in design and modeling of

-      Wireless PANs, LANs, MANs, WANs

-      Access point and mobile ad hoc networks

-      Wireless intelligent networks

-      Mesh networks

-      Wireless network algorithms and protocols

-      Integrated wired/wireless systems

-      Wireless multimedia systems

-      QoS provisioning in wireless and mobile networks

-      Security and privacy of mobile/wireless systems

-      Algorithms and protocols for energy-efficiency and power control

-      Cellular networks

=B7       Computer networks simulators

=B7       Formal simulation and analysis of wireless systems

=B7       Simulation languages and tools for wireless systems

=B7       Mobility modeling and simulation

=B7       RF channel modeling, simulation, and analysis for different types=
 of
wireless networks

=B7       Models and protocols for cognitive radio networks

=B7       Capacity, coverage, and connectivity modeling and analysis

=B7       Model and protocols for next generation networking

=B7       Performance evaluation of computer networks

=B7       Performance and resource management of computer networks

=B7       Performance and management of wireless multimedia systems

=B7       Performance and Management of broadband wireless management

=B7       Resource allocation in computer and cellular networks

=B7       Traffic measurement and analysis (wireless TCP, etc.)

=B7       Wireless security management

=B7       Interoperability and performance of heterogeneous wireless networ=
ks
of different standards

=B7       Correctness, survivability and reliability evaluation

* *

*Target Audience*

      The intended audience includes academics, researchers, post-graduate
students, developers, professionals, network designers, network analysts,
telecommunication system designers, technology specialists, practitioners, =
and
people who are interested in using simulation in computer network design an=
d
modeling. Another projected audience is the under-graduate students studyin=
g
at departments of computer science, computer engineering, computer networks=
,
computer information systems, data communication systems. The book is
designed to be first choice reference at libraries at universities, academi=
c
institutions, research and development centers, information technology
centers, and any institutions interested in using, design, modeling, and
analysis of computer networks. The book is designed to be used as a textboo=
k
for courses teaching computer networks simulation and modeling for
under/post graduate students

* *

*Submission Procedure*

      Individuals interested in submitting chapters on the above-suggested
topics or other related topics should submit a 2-3 page chapter proposal
clearly explaining the mission and objectives of the proposed chapter to
Hussein Al-Bahadili, editor, at *hbahadili@gmail.com* <hbahadili@gmail.com>=
,
by no later than *August 31, 2010*. We strongly encourage other topics that
have not been listed in our suggested list, particularly if the topic is
related to the research area in which you have expertise. Upon acceptance o=
f
your proposal, you will have until *October 30, 2010*, to prepare your full
chapter of 8,000-10,000 words and 7-10 related terms and their appropriate
definitions. Guidelines for preparing your paper and terms and definitions
will be sent to you upon acceptance of your proposal. All full chapters wil=
l
undergo a double blind review process and chapter authors may be used as
reviewers.



*Publisher*

      This book is scheduled to be published by IGI Global (formerly Idea
Group Inc.), publisher of the =93Information Science Reference=94 (formerly=
 Idea
Group Reference), =93Medical Information Science Reference,=94 =93Business =
Science
Reference,=94 and =93Engineering Science Reference=94 imprints. For additio=
nal
information regarding the publisher, please visit www.igi-global.com. This
publication is scheduled to be released in 2011.



*Important Dates*

=B7       Proposals submission deadline: June 30, 2010 August 31, 2010

=B7       Notification of proposals acceptance: September 15, 2010

=B7       Full chapter submission deadline: October 30, 2010

=B7       Review results to authors: January 15, 2011

=B7       Revised chapter submission deadline: February 15, 2011

=B7       Final acceptance notifications: February 28, 2011

=B7       Submission of Final Chapters deadline: March 15, 2011



*Inquiries and submissions can be forwarded electronically (Word document):
*

Dr. Hussein Al-Bahadili**

The Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences

P. O. Box 13190, Amman 11942, Jordan

Phone: +962 6 550 2900 (Ext. 318)

Mobile: +962 796523978

Fax: +962 6 5105176

Email: hbahadili@gmail.com

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<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; B=
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di-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font face=3D"Calibri">IGI Globa=
l (formerly Idea Group Inc.),<span style=3D"COLOR: #333333"> </span></font>=
</span></i><a href=3D"http://www.igi-global.com/" target=3D"_blank"><i><spa=
n style=3D"COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Time=
s New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font fa=
ce=3D"Calibri">www.igi-global.com</font></span></i></a><i><span style=3D"FO=
NT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi=
-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"></span></i></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; B=
ACKGROUND: #ffffcc" class=3D"MsoNormal" align=3D"center"><b><i><span style=
=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 8pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New R=
oman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-=
font: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">=A0</font></span></i></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; B=
ACKGROUND: #ffffcc" class=3D"MsoNormal" align=3D"center"><b><span style=3D"=
COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roma=
n&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-fon=
t: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">Call for Chapters: </font></span></b>=
</p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; B=
ACKGROUND: #ffffcc" class=3D"MsoNormal" align=3D"center"><font face=3D"Cali=
bri"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family:=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;=
; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">Proposals submission deadline: </span><b=
><i><s style=3D"text-line-through: double"><span style=3D"COLOR: red; FONT-=
SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-fo=
nt-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">June=
 30, 2010</span></s></i></b><b><i><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 1=
0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-fami=
ly: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"> </span></i=
></b><b><i><span style=3D"COLOR: red; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-fam=
ily: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&=
#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">August 31, 2010 (Exteded Deadline)</=
span></i></b><span style=3D"COLOR: red; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-f=
amily: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roma=
n&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"></span></font></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; B=
ACKGROUND: #ffffcc" class=3D"MsoNormal" align=3D"center"><font face=3D"Cali=
bri"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family:=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;=
; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">Full chapters submission deadline: <b><i=
>October 30, 2010</i></b></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-layout-grid-=
align: none" class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font f=
ace=3D"Calibri">Introduction</font></span></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-layout-grid-=
align: none; tab-stops: 14.2pt" class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"FONT-FAM=
ILY: &#39;Cambria&#39;,&#39;serif&#39;; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-theme-fon=
t: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: maj=
or-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><span style=3D"mso-tab-count: 1">=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-f=
amily: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Ca=
libri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font face=3D"Calibri">Prospective auth=
ors are invited to submit manuscripts for possible publication in <b><i>Sim=
ulation in Computer Network Design and Modeling: Use and Analysis</i></b>. =
This book will publish original material concerned with all aspects of simu=
lation on computer network design, modeling, analysis, management, security=
, and performance evaluation. The primary mission of the book is to be infl=
uential in the improvement and development of the theory and practice of co=
mputer network design and modeling, appealing to academics, researchers, an=
d professionals. In the information technology age and with tremendous adva=
ncement in computer and communication technologies, computer networks have =
become an integral part of many organizations.=A0It is our further aim to p=
rovide enough examples to educate organizations on how they can benefit fro=
m simulation to design, evaluate the performance, and manage these valuable=
 resources.</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-layout-grid-=
align: none; tab-stops: 14.2pt" class=3D"MsoNormal"><font face=3D"Calibri">=
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Arial"><span style=3D"mso-tab-count: 1">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>Computer s=
imulation is widely-used in investigating the performance of existing and p=
roposed computer networks designs, protocols, algorithms, models, etc. The =
application of computer simulation can potentially improve the quality and =
effectiveness of the </span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">network design =
and modeling</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: C=
alibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; m=
so-bidi-font-family: Arial">.</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </span=
><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareas=
t-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-famil=
y: Arial">It is generally unfeasible to implement a computer network design=
, protocol, algorithm, or model before valid tests are performed to evaluat=
e their performance. It is clear that testing and evaluating such implement=
ations with real hardware is quite hard, in terms of the manpower, time, an=
d other resources. The preferred alternative is to model these algorithms i=
n a detailed simulator and then perform various scenarios to measure their =
performance for various patterns of realistic computer networks environment=
s (e.g., connection media, node densities, node mobility, transmission rang=
e, size of traffic, etc.). The main challenge to simulation is to model the=
 process as close as possible to reality; otherwise it could produce entire=
ly different performance characteristics from the ones discovered during ac=
tual use. In addition, the simulation study must be </span><span style=3D"F=
ONT-SIZE: 10pt">r</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-fami=
ly: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calib=
ri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">epeatable</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
10pt">, u</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cali=
bri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-=
bidi-font-family: Arial">nbiased</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">, r<=
/span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-f=
areast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-=
family: Arial">ealistic</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">, s</span><sp=
an style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-fo=
nt-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: A=
rial">tatistically sound</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">, and c</spa=
n><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-farea=
st-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-fami=
ly: Arial">ost-effective</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">.<a name=3D"=
OLE_LINK1"></a></span></font></p>
</div><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; C=
OLOR: #c00000; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-farea=
st-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-lati=
n; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: ma=
jor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-l=
anguage: AR-SA"><br style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: secti=
on-break" clear=3D"all">
</span>
<div class=3D"Section2">
<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><span style=3D"mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1"><span style=3D"COLOR: #c00000; =
FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bid=
i-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">=
<font face=3D"Calibri">=A0</font></span></span></p>
</div><b><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;=
; FONT-SIZE: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-fami=
ly: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: min=
or-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso=
-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-S=
A"><br style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break" cle=
ar=3D"all">
</span></b>
<div class=3D"Section3">
<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; tab-stops: list =
1.0cm" class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1"><b><font=
 size=3D"3"><font face=3D"Calibri">Objectives of the Book</font></font></b>=
</span></p>
<span style=3D"mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1"></span>
<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; tab-stops: 14.2p=
t" class=3D"MsoNormal"><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt=
"><span style=3D"mso-tab-count: 1">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span><span styl=
e=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The main objectives of this book is to: present state=
-of-the-art methodologies in computer networks simulation and modeling; ill=
ustrate the benefits of simulation in computer networks design, modeling, a=
nd analysis; Identify the main issues that face efficient and effective com=
puter network simulation; demonstrate by example how the performance of com=
puter networks can be evaluated; provide cutting edge research on the simul=
ation and modeling of computer networks; present the trends in computer net=
works simulation and modeling; discuss the main features of current simulat=
ion languages; point-out the main trends in simulation languages and tools;=
 introduce the most popular academic and professional computer networks sim=
ulators; and finally p</span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-fo=
nt-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New =
Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">rovide a complete compilation =
of the problems which arise during the use of simulation in computer networ=
k design and modeling, and the solutions which are applied to them.</span><=
span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"></span></font></p>
</div><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; C=
OLOR: #c00000; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-farea=
st-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-lati=
n; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: ma=
jor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-l=
anguage: AR-SA"><br style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: secti=
on-break" clear=3D"all">
</span>
<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><span style=3D"COLOR: #c00000; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family:=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;=
; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">=A0</font></span>=
</p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><b><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face=3D"Calibri">Recommended T=
opics</font></span></b></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BACKGROUND: white; ms=
o-background-themecolor: background1; tab-stops: 14.2pt" class=3D"MsoNormal=
"><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><span style=3D"mso-=
tab-count: 1">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"=
>Recommended topics include, but are not limited to, the following:</span><=
/font></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst"=
>
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-famil=
y: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt=
"><font face=3D"Calibri">Simulations techniques</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-famil=
y: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt=
"><font face=3D"Calibri">Simulation in design and modeling of <span style=
=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">=A0</span></font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Wireless PANs, LANs, MANs, WANs</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Access point and mobile ad hoc networks</font></span></p=
>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Wireless intelligent networks</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Mesh networks</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Wireless network algorithms and protocols</font></span><=
/p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Integrated wired/wireless systems</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Wireless multimedia systems</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">QoS provisioning in wireless and mobile networks</font><=
/span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Security and privacy of mobile/wireless systems</font></=
span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Algorithms and protocols for energy-efficiency and power=
 control </font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -11.45pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt=
 54pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: b=
ackground1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast=
-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family=
: Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore"><font face=3D"Calibri">-</font>=
<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>=
</span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">Cellular networks </font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Computer networks simulators</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Formal simulation and analysis of wireless systems<=
/font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Simulation languages and tools for wireless systems=
</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Mobility modeling and simulation </font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">RF channel modeling, simulation, and analysis for d=
ifferent types of wireless networks</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Models and protocols for cognitive radio networks</=
font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Capacity, coverage, and connectivity modeling and a=
nalysis </font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Model and protocols for next generation networking<=
/font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Performance evaluation of computer networks</font><=
/span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Performance and resource management of computer net=
works</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Performance and management of wireless multimedia s=
ystems</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Performance and Management of broadband wireless ma=
nagement </font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Resource allocation in computer and cellular networ=
ks</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Traffic measurement and analysis (wireless TCP, etc=
.)</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Wireless security management</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle=
">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Interoperability and performance of heterogeneous w=
ireless networks of different standards</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt =
42.55pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor:=
 background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=
=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <=
/span></span></span><span dir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt"=
><font face=3D"Calibri">Correctness, survivability and reliability evaluati=
on</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BACKGROUND: white; ms=
o-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D=
"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roma=
n&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-fon=
t: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">=A0</font></span></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><b><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face=3D"Calibri">Target Audien=
ce</font></span></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; tab-stops: 14.2p=
t" class=3D"MsoNormal"><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt=
"><span style=3D"mso-tab-count: 1">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>The intended audi=
ence includes academics, researchers, post-graduate students, developers, p=
rofessionals, network designers, network analysts, telecommunication system=
 designers, technology specialists, practitioners, </span><span style=3D"FO=
NT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-=
font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">an=
d people who are interested in using simulation in computer network design =
and modeling. Another projected audience is the</span><span style=3D"FONT-S=
IZE: 9pt"> under-graduate students studying at departments of computer scie=
nce, computer engineering, computer networks, computer information systems,=
 data communication systems. The book is designed to be first choice refere=
nce at libraries at universities, academic institutions, research and devel=
opment centers, information technology centers, and any institutions intere=
sted in using, design, modeling, and analysis of computer networks. The boo=
k is designed to be used as a textbook for courses teaching computer networ=
ks simulation and modeling for under/post graduate students</span></font></=
p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><b><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family=
: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39=
;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">=A0</font></span=
></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><b><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-famil=
y: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#3=
9;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">Submission Proc=
edure</font></span></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; tab-stops: 14.2p=
t" class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-far=
east-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Tim=
es New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">=
<span style=3D"mso-tab-count: 1">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span>Individuals interes=
ted in submitting chapters on the above-suggested topics or other related t=
opics should submit a 2-3 page chapter proposal clearly explaining the miss=
ion and objectives of the proposed chapter to Hussein Al-Bahadili, editor, =
at </font></span><a href=3D"mailto:hbahadili@gmail.com"><b><span style=3D"C=
OLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#=
39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-theme-font: =
major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">hbahadili@gmail.com</font></span></b></a=
><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39=
;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso=
-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"><font face=3D"Calibri">, by no later than <b>=
<u>August 31, 2010</u></b>. We strongly encourage other topics that have no=
t been listed in our suggested list, particularly if the topic is related t=
o the research area in which you have expertise. Upon acceptance of your pr=
oposal, you will have until <b><u>October 30, 2010</u></b>, to prepare your=
 full chapter of 8,000-10,000 words and 7-10 related terms and their approp=
riate definitions. Guidelines for preparing your paper and terms and defini=
tions will be sent to you upon acceptance of your proposal. All full chapte=
rs will undergo a double blind review process and chapter authors may be us=
ed as reviewers.</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &=
#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font face=3D"Calibr=
i">=A0</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><b><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-famil=
y: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font face=3D"Ca=
libri">Publisher</font></span></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; tab-stops: 14.2p=
t" class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-far=
east-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><=
font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"mso-tab-count: 1">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </sp=
an>This book is scheduled to be published by IGI Global (formerly Idea Grou=
p Inc.), publisher of the =93Information Science Reference=94 (formerly Ide=
a Group Reference), =93Medical Information Science Reference,=94 =93Busines=
s Science Reference,=94 and =93Engineering Science Reference=94 imprints. F=
or additional information regarding the publisher, please visit </font></sp=
an><a href=3D"http://www.igi-global.com/"><span style=3D"COLOR: blue; FONT-=
SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-fon=
t-family: Arial"><font face=3D"Calibri">www.igi-global.com</font></span></a=
><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39=
;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font face=3D"Calibri">=
. This publication is scheduled to be released in 2011.</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &=
#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font face=3D"Calibr=
i">=A0</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" =
class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">=
<font face=3D"Calibri">Important Dates</font></span></b></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt=
; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 1cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4" c=
lass=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst"><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; COLO=
R: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-fa=
mily: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt =
&#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span></span><span di=
r=3D"ltr"></span><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-S=
IZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font=
-family: Arial">Proposals submission deadline: </span><s style=3D"text-line=
-through: double"><span style=3D"COLOR: red; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-fo=
nt-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">June 30,=
 2010</span></s><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-fo=
nt-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> </span>=
<span style=3D"COLOR: red; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Ti=
mes New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">August 31, 2010</span><spa=
n style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Time=
s New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"></span></font></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt=
; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 1cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4" c=
lass=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; COL=
OR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-f=
amily: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span></span><span d=
ir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-=
font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font =
face=3D"Calibri">Notification of proposals acceptance: September 15, 2010</=
font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt=
; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 1cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4" c=
lass=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; COL=
OR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-f=
amily: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span></span><span d=
ir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-=
font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font =
face=3D"Calibri">Full chapter submission deadline: October 30, 2010</font><=
/span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt=
; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 1cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4" c=
lass=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; COL=
OR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-f=
amily: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span></span><span d=
ir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-=
font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font =
face=3D"Calibri">Review results to authors: January 15, 2011</font></span><=
/p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt=
; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 1cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4" c=
lass=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; COL=
OR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-f=
amily: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span></span><span d=
ir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-=
font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font =
face=3D"Calibri">Revised chapter submission deadline: February 15, 2011</fo=
nt></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt=
; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 1cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4" c=
lass=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; COL=
OR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-f=
amily: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt=
 &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span></span><span d=
ir=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-=
font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font =
face=3D"Calibri">Final acceptance notifications: February 28, 2011</font></=
span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-INDENT: -14.15pt=
; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 1cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4" c=
lass=3D"MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><span style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; COLOR=
: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-fam=
ily: Symbol"><span style=3D"mso-list: Ignore">=B7<span style=3D"FONT: 7pt &=
#39;Times New Roman&#39;">=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 </span></span></span><span dir=
=3D"ltr"></span><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-fo=
nt-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font fa=
ce=3D"Calibri">Submission of Final Chapters deadline: March 15, 2011</font>=
</span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; =
BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNorm=
al"><span style=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &=
#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font face=3D"Calibr=
i">=A0</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BACKGROUND: white; ms=
o-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D=
"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face=3D"Calibri">Inquiries and submis=
sions can be forwarded electronically (Word document): </font></span></b></=
p>

<p style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.3pt; BACKGROUND: wh=
ite; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"MsoNormal"><span styl=
e=3D"COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face=3D"Calibri">Dr. Hussein Al-Ba=
hadili<b></b></font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 2=
1.3pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"=
MsoNormal"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Tim=
es New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font f=
ace=3D"Calibri">The Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences</font><=
/span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 2=
1.3pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"=
MsoNormal"><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareas=
t-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times =
New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: ES" lang=3D"ES">P. O. Box 13190, Amman 1=
1942, </span><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;T=
imes New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">Jorda=
n</span></font></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 2=
1.3pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"=
MsoNormal"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Tim=
es New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font f=
ace=3D"Calibri">Phone: +962 6 550 2900 (Ext. 318)</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 2=
1.3pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"=
MsoNormal"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Tim=
es New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font f=
ace=3D"Calibri">Mobile: +962 796523978</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 2=
1.3pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"=
MsoNormal"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Tim=
es New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font f=
ace=3D"Calibri">Fax: +962 6 5105176</font></span></p>

<p style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 2=
1.3pt; BACKGROUND: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1" class=3D"=
MsoNormal"><span style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Tim=
es New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font f=
ace=3D"Calibri">Email: </font></span><a href=3D"mailto:hbahadili@gmail.com"=
><span style=3D"COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;=
Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><fon=
t face=3D"Calibri">hbahadili@gmail.com</font></span></a><span style=3D"FONT=
-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-fo=
nt-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><font face=3D"Calibri"> </font></span=
></p>
<br clear=3D"all"><br></div>

--001636833e9a34fdbd048efdaf98--

From warren@kumari.net  Mon Aug 30 08:25:07 2010
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From: Warren Kumari <warren@kumari.net>
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Subject: Re: [sidr] removing TLS from the provisioning protocol
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On Aug 25, 2010, at 4:18 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> We had a discussion in April on the list regarding removing TLS from  
> the provisioning protocol.  Rob Austein presented his views on the  
> issue at the sidr meeting at the IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
> I am calling for wg consensus on the question.  Should the authors  
> of draft-ietf-sidr-rescerts-provisioning-06 revise that draft to  
> remove TLS from the protocol?

Yes, yes they should...

W

>
> Please respond to the list by 8 Sept, so the authors can represent  
> wg consensus in the draft.
>
> --Sandy
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

-- 
No man is an island, But if you take a bunch of dead guys and tie them  
together, they make a pretty good raft.
                 --Anon.



From warren@kumari.net  Mon Aug 30 08:26:12 2010
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Subject: Re: [sidr] adopting alternate trust format in draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04
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On Aug 25, 2010, at 4:18 AM, Sandra Murphy wrote:

> Draft draft-weiler-sidr-trust-anchor-format-00.txt suggests an  
> alternate trust anchor representation format from that proposed in  
> draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04.  This alternate format was discussed in the  
> sidr meeting in IETF78 in Maastricht.
>
> I am asking for comment on the list as to whether there is wg  
> consensus that draft-ietf-sidr-ta-04 should use the alternative  
> format.

Yup.

>
> Please respond so that the authors can represent wg consensus in the  
> draft.  The call for consensus will end Sept 8.
>
> --Sandy
>
> _______________________________________________
> sidr mailing list
> sidr@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sidr

-- 
Never criticize a man till you've walked a mile in his shoes.  Then if  
he didn't like what you've said, he's a mile away and barefoot.



