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From: Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>
To: TCP Maintenance and Minor Extensions WG <tcpm@ietf.org>
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Subject: [tcpm] Unified ICMP processing: A straw man
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After several side conversations about the state of ICMP, I decided to try to
distill my views down to a fairly crisp argument about how ICMPv4 and ICMPv6
should be uniformly processed by all protocols.  There is some evidence that
as a community we are already drifting in the direction described below,
although not in a very coordinated manner.  I would like to test the
possibility of finding consensus, loosely based on the following ideas:

ICMP should never be mandatory for correct protocol operation.  This is now
possible because the new path mtu discovery is nearly done.  It is desirable
to make ICMP work as well as possible because it makes all protocols
"friendlier" in the presence of assorted problems.

It is risky and undesirable for the default response to any unauthenticated
message from the network to be to abort a connection, no matter what the
protocol state.  Given this, we would like invent appropriate soft error
actions for all current hard errors. (And to deprecate the distinction, as
has already been done in RFC4443.)

If we do this well enough, there is no point in offering the configuration
option to abort connections because it just isn't needed.

For most protocol states, the right action is to cache ICMP error codes and
use them to embellish messages associated with connection timeouts or other
events.

In some protocol states it is appropriate for ICMP messages to accelerate
protocol timers.  However we should not assume the details to be self
evident.  They should be explicit, per protocol.

For example it would be appropriate for ICMP unreachable messages reduce TCP's
connection timeout from ~2 minutes to a few seconds.  However this MUST be
configurable.

When trying to establish a connection to a node which has multiple addresses
(or multiple possible protocols or paths, etc) it is appropriate for ICMP
unreachable messages to shorten the headway timer between attempts to
successive addresses.  I used to think the correct way to do this is to abort
earlier connection attempts, but I have recently change my mind: all
connection attempts should proceed in concurrently, and the first successful
connection should abort all incomplete connections.  (I know the common APIs
can't implement this, but the standard should describe the preferred
behavior).

Likewise an "ICMP redirect" could be treated like a routing soft error, and be
used to wake some sort of "router discovery" daemon to decide if there is an
actionable routing problem.  BTW some time ago (10 years?)  there was an
extensive discussion about tightening the consistency checks for ICMP
redirects.  (Something to the effect that the from-address for the ICMP should
match the actual next hop IP address used by this connection.)  Was this ever
published as an RFC?  Can anybody recall when this conversation happened and
which IETF list?

All layer 4 protocols have the option to apply protocol specific consistency
checks to ICMP messages.  The SCTP cookie is probably sufficient
authentication justify aborting connections.  But this is based on some
assumptions about on-path vs off-path attacks.

The TCP sequence check may also be applied.  Note that in general this is not
sufficient authentication to justify aborts.   Although I agree with Joe
that it is a layer violation in a strict sense, I point out that TCP is
loaded with heuristics designed to glean network state from subtle signals.
My objection is to prescribing TCP sequence checks as a first line of defense,
beyond the true robustness and strength of the technique.  It is cheap and
easy to implement and helps greatly if there are no other defenses.

Other techniques can be applied: e.g. keeping all transmitted headers for some
time interval, and matching the entire immutable portion of the header
including IP ID, transport checksum etc - expensive but pretty robust against
off-path attacks.  This can even be applied to encrypted payloads, and may be
a desirable techniques in some environments.  I would consider modeling all
upper layer ICMP consistency checks as optimizations on full header matching.

Also note that this really calls into question some of our assumptions about
on-path vs off-path attacks.  One possible approach would be to make ICMP
completely tolerant to on-path attacks by making all ICMP reactions totally
"soft": an attacker could cause incorrect error messages, but could not
interfere with correct protocol operation, unless the attacker could prevent
the delivery of legitimate protocol messages.  This approach makes all
forms of header matching considerably less valuable.

These comments were intended to be protocol independent.  Please excuse me if
I have messed up some of the details.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
So what next?

Here is an updated straw man plan that I suggested to a smaller group:

In tcpm: Finish an Informational RFC on TCP sequence checks based on the
attacks draft.   Must be in the tone "this is how one implementor choose to do
it".  Must not over represent the strength or value of the defense.

Also in tcpm: a quick draft to deprecate responding to source quenches, and
possibly tweak some other details.

In tsvwg: introduce a problem statement/principles) draft, to cover the
following topics:
 - State some goals:
        review and unify ICMP processing across all protocols
        rationalize how ICMP fits into 7 layers (?)
 - Inventory the problem
	Observe that most ICMP specifications are adjunct to other protocols
        There are ~490 RFCs (and 200+ IDs) that reference ICMP
        Need some analysis and a plan here
 - Possible philosophical direction (Follow the general points above):
        All ICMP should be advisory
        Loosing ICMP should never be fatal
        ICMP messages should be cached for upper layers to consult as needed
        In some cases ICMP accelerates protocol timers
        Add per protocol validity checking where it makes sense
        ICMP should fit into (or prototype) a good interlayer message
          model for general event notification(?)

A follow on "Unified ICMP" document would replace the relevant sections in
RFC1122, "host requirements", (section 3.2.2 "ICMP" and 4.2.3.9, "TCP response to ICMP
messages") and perhaps (sections of) other key documents.  This would probably
be in tsvwg, with input from tcpm.  It may need to be be more than one
document.

Draft a "ICMP Updates" document that would amend or validate all standards
track documents that mention ICMP, to bring everything into conformance with
the new Unified ICMP spec.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

This is a huge among of work, and is not going to converge unless we can get
at least some initial consensus on the key technical points.

At this stage I am mostly interested to know if there are substantial
disagreements with my technical observations. If there is basic technical
agreement the plan will work itself out.

What do people think?  Have I missed anything major?  Am I way off base on
anything?   Are my ICMP principles sound?

Thanks
--MM--
-------------------------------------------
Matt Mathis      http://www.psc.edu/~mathis
Work:412.268.3319    Home/Cell:412.654.7529
-------------------------------------------
Evil is defined by mortals who think they know
"The Truth" and use force to apply it to others.


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To: Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Unified ICMP processing: A straw man 
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Comments: In-reply-to Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>
	message dated "Fri, 01 Dec 2006 14:43:29 -0500."
Date: Sun, 03 Dec 2006 08:42:23 -0500
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Hi Matt.

Thanks for this note. I think this is an interesting and probably
inevitable way we should evolve with ICMPs. And I'm generally in favor
of trying to unify and pull together the overall thinking of where we
are at with ICMP.

On one specific point...

Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu> writes:

> Likewise an "ICMP redirect" could be treated like a routing soft
> error, and be used to wake some sort of "router discovery" daemon to
> decide if there is an actionable routing problem.  BTW some time ago
> (10 years?)  there was an extensive discussion about tightening the
> consistency checks for ICMP redirects.  (Something to the effect
> that the from-address for the ICMP should match the actual next hop
> IP address used by this connection.)  Was this ever published as an
> RFC?  Can anybody recall when this conversation happened and which
> IETF list?

FYI, IPv6 does this. From RFC 2461:

> 8.1.  Validation of Redirect Messages
> 
>    A host MUST silently discard any received Redirect message that does
>    not satisfy all of the following validity checks:

...

>       - The IP source address of the Redirect is the same as the current
>         first-hop router for the specified ICMP Destination Address.

Thomas

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Unified ICMP processing: A straw man
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Matt,

I agree with most of the technical comments in your e-mail. Regarding 
the plan, my view is the following:

There's currently two drafts in the tcpm wg that are aiming at 
Informational. One describes the problem of long delays between 
connection-establishment attempts (draft-ietf-tcp-soft-errors) and 
the other one describes the issue of ICMP attacks against TCP. These 
two docs are meant to describe what the industry has done on the 
subject (and, FWIW, have received lots of feedback from open source OSes).

My view is that these two docs should be moved forward (on the 
Informational path). They document what the industry has done, and 
have been of help to quite a bunch of documents (referenced in a few 
RFCs, about ten IDs (including one by the IAB), and a few papers on 
the subject). FWIW, I believe the soft errors draft is ready for WGLC 
(there's a revision to be posted soon)... The ICMP attacks draft 
needs to be tweaked, as it is still too prescriptive, but that's what 
the focus of the next revision would be on.

At the same time, I think we should be doing the plan you suggest. 
When making actual changes to the standard, both of the icmp docs 
(icmp attacks and tcp soft errors) will probably be good Informative 
references.

I wouldn't object, though, to pull the TCP SEQ and the ICMP SQ stuff, 
and make them the two drafts you mentioned in your plan, while 
keeping a brief discussion about the tcp seq and ICMP SQ in the icmp 
attacks draft. (BTW, you mention that they should be 
"Informational"... however, I'd probably aim at std track).

No need to say, I volunteer to work on the docs you proposed in your 
plan, and help to push the "Unified ICMP" idea move forward.

Kindest regards,
Fernando Gont




>After several side conversations about the state of ICMP, I decided to try to
>distill my views down to a fairly crisp argument about how ICMPv4 and ICMPv6
>should be uniformly processed by all protocols.  There is some evidence that
>as a community we are already drifting in the direction described below,
>although not in a very coordinated manner.  I would like to test the
>possibility of finding consensus, loosely based on the following ideas:
>
>ICMP should never be mandatory for correct protocol operation.  This is now
>possible because the new path mtu discovery is nearly done.  It is desirable
>to make ICMP work as well as possible because it makes all protocols
>"friendlier" in the presence of assorted problems.
>
>It is risky and undesirable for the default response to any unauthenticated
>message from the network to be to abort a connection, no matter what the
>protocol state.  Given this, we would like invent appropriate soft error
>actions for all current hard errors. (And to deprecate the distinction, as
>has already been done in RFC4443.)
>
>If we do this well enough, there is no point in offering the configuration
>option to abort connections because it just isn't needed.
>
>For most protocol states, the right action is to cache ICMP error codes and
>use them to embellish messages associated with connection timeouts or other
>events.
>
>In some protocol states it is appropriate for ICMP messages to accelerate
>protocol timers.  However we should not assume the details to be self
>evident.  They should be explicit, per protocol.
>
>For example it would be appropriate for ICMP unreachable messages reduce TCP's
>connection timeout from ~2 minutes to a few seconds.  However this MUST be
>configurable.
>
>When trying to establish a connection to a node which has multiple addresses
>(or multiple possible protocols or paths, etc) it is appropriate for ICMP
>unreachable messages to shorten the headway timer between attempts to
>successive addresses.  I used to think the correct way to do this is to abort
>earlier connection attempts, but I have recently change my mind: all
>connection attempts should proceed in concurrently, and the first successful
>connection should abort all incomplete connections.  (I know the common APIs
>can't implement this, but the standard should describe the preferred
>behavior).
>
>Likewise an "ICMP redirect" could be treated like a routing soft error, and be
>used to wake some sort of "router discovery" daemon to decide if there is an
>actionable routing problem.  BTW some time ago (10 years?)  there was an
>extensive discussion about tightening the consistency checks for ICMP
>redirects.  (Something to the effect that the from-address for the ICMP should
>match the actual next hop IP address used by this connection.)  Was this ever
>published as an RFC?  Can anybody recall when this conversation happened and
>which IETF list?
>
>All layer 4 protocols have the option to apply protocol specific consistency
>checks to ICMP messages.  The SCTP cookie is probably sufficient
>authentication justify aborting connections.  But this is based on some
>assumptions about on-path vs off-path attacks.
>
>The TCP sequence check may also be applied.  Note that in general this is not
>sufficient authentication to justify aborts.   Although I agree with Joe
>that it is a layer violation in a strict sense, I point out that TCP is
>loaded with heuristics designed to glean network state from subtle signals.
>My objection is to prescribing TCP sequence checks as a first line of defense,
>beyond the true robustness and strength of the technique.  It is cheap and
>easy to implement and helps greatly if there are no other defenses.
>
>Other techniques can be applied: e.g. keeping all transmitted headers for some
>time interval, and matching the entire immutable portion of the header
>including IP ID, transport checksum etc - expensive but pretty robust against
>off-path attacks.  This can even be applied to encrypted payloads, and may be
>a desirable techniques in some environments.  I would consider modeling all
>upper layer ICMP consistency checks as optimizations on full header matching.
>
>Also note that this really calls into question some of our assumptions about
>on-path vs off-path attacks.  One possible approach would be to make ICMP
>completely tolerant to on-path attacks by making all ICMP reactions totally
>"soft": an attacker could cause incorrect error messages, but could not
>interfere with correct protocol operation, unless the attacker could prevent
>the delivery of legitimate protocol messages.  This approach makes all
>forms of header matching considerably less valuable.
>
>These comments were intended to be protocol independent.  Please excuse me if
>I have messed up some of the details.
>
>--------------------------------------------------------------------------
>So what next?
>
>Here is an updated straw man plan that I suggested to a smaller group:
>
>In tcpm: Finish an Informational RFC on TCP sequence checks based on the
>attacks draft.   Must be in the tone "this is how one implementor choose to do
>it".  Must not over represent the strength or value of the defense.
>
>Also in tcpm: a quick draft to deprecate responding to source quenches, and
>possibly tweak some other details.
>
>In tsvwg: introduce a problem statement/principles) draft, to cover the
>following topics:
>  - State some goals:
>         review and unify ICMP processing across all protocols
>         rationalize how ICMP fits into 7 layers (?)
>  - Inventory the problem
>         Observe that most ICMP specifications are adjunct to other protocols
>         There are ~490 RFCs (and 200+ IDs) that reference ICMP
>         Need some analysis and a plan here
>  - Possible philosophical direction (Follow the general points above):
>         All ICMP should be advisory
>         Loosing ICMP should never be fatal
>         ICMP messages should be cached for upper layers to consult as needed
>         In some cases ICMP accelerates protocol timers
>         Add per protocol validity checking where it makes sense
>         ICMP should fit into (or prototype) a good interlayer message
>           model for general event notification(?)
>
>A follow on "Unified ICMP" document would replace the relevant sections in
>RFC1122, "host requirements", (section 3.2.2 "ICMP" and 4.2.3.9, 
>"TCP response to ICMP
>messages") and perhaps (sections of) other key documents.  This would probably
>be in tsvwg, with input from tcpm.  It may need to be be more than one
>document.
>
>Draft a "ICMP Updates" document that would amend or validate all standards
>track documents that mention ICMP, to bring everything into conformance with
>the new Unified ICMP spec.
>
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>This is a huge among of work, and is not going to converge unless we can get
>at least some initial consensus on the key technical points.
>
>At this stage I am mostly interested to know if there are substantial
>disagreements with my technical observations. If there is basic technical
>agreement the plan will work itself out.
>
>What do people think?  Have I missed anything major?  Am I way off base on
>anything?   Are my ICMP principles sound?
>
>Thanks
>--MM--
>-------------------------------------------
>Matt Mathis      http://www.psc.edu/~mathis
>Work:412.268.3319    Home/Cell:412.654.7529
>-------------------------------------------
>Evil is defined by mortals who think they know
>"The Truth" and use force to apply it to others.
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>tcpm mailing list
>tcpm@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

--
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1






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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Tue Dec 05 20:07:19 2006
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From: Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>
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I have recived zero negative responses and just a few positive responses to
my "straw man" message.  I would like to amend my request:

If you think my technical points are correct and would like to see this
pursued in tcmp and tsvwg, please speak up.    (But go easy on the list).

Thanks,
--MM--
-------------------------------------------
Matt Mathis      http://www.psc.edu/~mathis
Work:412.268.3319    Home/Cell:412.654.7529
-------------------------------------------
Evil is defined by mortals who think they know
"The Truth" and use force to apply it to others.



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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Wed Dec 06 17:58:13 2006
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On Tue, Dec 05, 2006 at 08:06:00PM -0500, Matt Mathis wrote:
> I have recived zero negative responses and just a few positive responses =
to
> my "straw man" message.  I would like to amend my request:
>=20
> If you think my technical points are correct and would like to see this
> pursued in tcmp and tsvwg, please speak up.    (But go easy on the list).

I think these things.

--=20
Ted Faber
http://www.isi.edu/~faber           PGP: http://www.isi.edu/~faber/pubkeys.=
asc
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_______________________________________________
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I think your techical points are correct, but I have
no opinion on the forum where they should be pursued.=20

-----Original Message-----
From: Matt Mathis [mailto:mathis@psc.edu]=20
Sent: Tuesday, December 05, 2006 5:06 PM
To: TCP Maintenance and Minor Extensions WG
Cc: tsv-dir@ietf.org
Subject: [tcpm] TAKE TWO: Unified ICMP processing: A straw man

I have recived zero negative responses and just a few positive responses
to
my "straw man" message.  I would like to amend my request:

If you think my technical points are correct and would like to see this
pursued in tcmp and tsvwg, please speak up.    (But go easy on the
list).

Thanks,
--MM--
-------------------------------------------
Matt Mathis      http://www.psc.edu/~mathis
Work:412.268.3319    Home/Cell:412.654.7529
-------------------------------------------
Evil is defined by mortals who think they know
"The Truth" and use force to apply it to others.



_______________________________________________
tcpm mailing list
tcpm@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

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Yes, I think this should be pursued.  Probably this should be in  
tsvwg, not tcpm, even if TCP is the motivation for doing the work.  I  
also view this in at least two distinct parts that are somewhat  
orthogonal to each other.

First, when an ICMP packet arrives, do I believe that it is a  
legitimate ICMP packet?  How do I go about checking the packet?  How  
should hosts/routers generate ICMP messages?  (Mostly a question of  
how much of the original packet do you return).  What sort of checks  
are generic at the IP/ICMP layer?  What additional checks/ 
verifications do the upper level protocols use when the ICMP message  
is delivered to them?

The second category is now that I have an ICMP packet and I've  
decided that it is legitimate (to some degree), how seriously do I  
take it?  Is it a hard error, or just a suggestion of something that  
might be wrong?  Do I drop connections based on this?

Believing that an ICMP packet is legitimate is probably not a yes/no  
answer, it will probably have shades of gray.  If so, that would then  
become part of the input to the second category.

I think it'll be a lot easier to get something written if issues are  
categorized into one of these two areas, and we avoid mingling them  
as much as possible in the document.

			-David


On Dec 5, 2006, at 7:06 PM, Matt Mathis wrote:

> I have recived zero negative responses and just a few positive  
> responses to
> my "straw man" message.  I would like to amend my request:
>
> If you think my technical points are correct and would like to see  
> this
> pursued in tcmp and tsvwg, please speak up.    (But go easy on the  
> list).
>
> Thanks,
> --MM--
> -------------------------------------------
> Matt Mathis      http://www.psc.edu/~mathis
> Work:412.268.3319    Home/Cell:412.654.7529
> -------------------------------------------
> Evil is defined by mortals who think they know
> "The Truth" and use force to apply it to others.
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm


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Matt Mathis wrote:
> I have recived zero negative responses and just a few positive response=
s to
> my "straw man" message.  I would like to amend my request:
>=20
> If you think my technical points are correct and would like to see this=

> pursued in tcmp and tsvwg, please speak up.    (But go easy=20

I think some of the points are correct, but others have far-reaching
ramifications. If all ICMPs are advisory, e.g., then some things we rely
on for correct operation would silently fail (redirects, in particular).

Also in particular, sequence checks on ICMPs to transport protocols may
make sense, BUT the question is "what is the window". Unack'd data is
not appropriate; meaningful messages can take longer than that to be
received, since ICMP is a slow-path mechanism. The real question is
whether there is a meaningful window - other than 'anywhere' - that can
be specified.

Overall, I'm not sure an absolute approach is feasible.

If pursued, given the ramifications to so many protocols (transport,
network, and routing), this is beyond TSVWG, but might be appropriate
for IntArea to create a WG for.

Joe


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[TCPM WG co-chair hat OFF.]

> I have recived zero negative responses and just a few positive
> responses to my "straw man" message.  I would like to amend my
> request:
> 
> If you think my technical points are correct and would like to see
> this pursued in tcmp and tsvwg, please speak up.  (But go easy on the
> list).

I like your straw man and generally support it (meaning, I might quibble
here and there, but think that it is significantly the right path).

allman




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Mark Allman wrote:
> [TCPM WG co-chair hat ON.]
=2E..
> Currently, the TCPM WG has decided to take on two work items in this
> space.  The soft errors document is intended to be an informational
> accounting of how TCP stacks currently handle ICMPs in terms of changin=
g
> the so-called 'hard errors' into 'soft errors'.  The ICMP attacks
> document is informational and is focused on what TCP stacks do to
> validate incoming ICMPs.
=2E..
> Further, I read Matt's proposal as saying we should forget these
> documents.  At least the attack document since he calls out two of the
> items from that document as possible quick stand-alone documents
> (depricating SQ and sequence number checking).  Maybe this is a
> mis-read.  But, correcting that would be answering the real question...=
=20

Deprecating SQ is fine.

Seq num checking needs a real determination of what a valid range
_should_ be, not just picking one that TCP happens to have at its disposa=
l.

Joe


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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Thu Dec 07 10:02:40 2006
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 reaction to soft errors)
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Folks,

I would like to state my opinion on the question asked by Mark (wrt 
what we would do with the ICMP docs if we were to take Matts 
suggestion for working on ICMP):

* Both of the drafts are aiming at Informational, thus just 
describing "what is implemented out there". No matter what we end up 
standardizing, that will not change what is currently implemented out 
there. That's one of the reasons for which I think that even if we 
got consensus to proceed as suggested by Matt, both documents should 
still be moved forward on the Informational path.

* In the case of the ICMP attacks draft, one of the goals of the 
document is to discuss ICMP-based attacks (other than "proposing 
mitigations). And many have argued that it is really needed (e.g., it 
is not clear to everybody how TCP MD5, IPsec, etc, interact with ICMP 
and TCP... and that's one of the things the draft tries to clarify).

* There are already a few RFCs, around ten internet drafts (including 
one by the IAB), and a few papers referencing it, and it is worth 
noting that while we have two documents on TCP-based spoofing attacks 
(antispoof and tcpsecure), if we were to drop the ICMP attacks draft 
we would end up having no doc describing ICMP attacks against TCP 
(which, ironically, are simpler than their TCP-based counter-part).

* Another thing with the ICMP attacks draft is that it describes 
quite a few mitigations that have been widely implemented, and not 
just the TCP SEQ check and that of dropping ICMP SQ. Therefore, even 
if we were to pull the ICMP SQ and the TCP SEQ check stuff from the 
document, there's still more stuff in the document that makes the 
draft worth publishing.

* I agree that the ICMP attacks draft needs more work. In the last 
few revisions I have been addressing lots of technical comments 
posted by many of you on the list. That's why I have not yet 
completely tackled those parts of the draft that are still "too 
prescriptive". This is going to be the goal of the next revision 
which, in the event anybody sends text (it's a wg doc!), will 
probably converge even sooner than expected.

* In the case of the ICMP soft errors draft, we have had discussions 
for the last two years, and we didn't get consensus to standardize 
the "abort the connection reset upon receipt of an ICMP soft error". 
But there are many implementations that already perform some 
alternative reaction to ICMP error messages received during the 
connection-establishment phase. I think we had already got consensus 
to document it. And the draft is very close (if not already) for WGLC 
(we bounced the doc a few times with Mark, and I will be able to 
publish a revision anytime soon).

* It is worth noting that we were recently talking about how to 
encourage participation of open source projects in the IETF. The ICMP 
attacks draft has benefited from the feedback of all major open 
source OSes, along the two years it has been around. While we 
certainly should not make a decision based exclusively on this point, 
I'm not sure all those guys would be happy to provide feedback on 
future drafts if they realize that the time they spent during two 
years contributing to an IETF doc basically ended up in nothing.

Kindest regards,

--
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1






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	TCP's reaction to soft errors)
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Fernando Gont wrote:
=2E...
> * It is worth noting that we were recently talking about how to
> encourage participation of open source projects in the IETF. The ICMP
> attacks draft has benefited from the feedback of all major open source
> OSes, along the two years it has been around. While we certainly should=

> not make a decision based exclusively on this point, I'm not sure all
> those guys would be happy to provide feedback on future drafts if they
> realize that the time they spent during two years contributing to an
> IETF doc basically ended up in nothing.

Perhaps knowing that "deploy widely first, document and validate later"
is not how the IETF works is appropriate feedback for that community,
esp. overzealous segments of it.

Joe


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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Thu Dec 07 10:31:27 2006
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Joe Touch wrote:

> I think some of the points are correct, but others have far-reaching
> ramifications. If all ICMPs are advisory, e.g., then some things we =
rely
> on for correct operation would silently fail (redirects, in =
particular).

I think that ICMP redirects are absolutely advisory.  We have lots of=20
cases where people ignore redirects, disable sending them, or =
periodically
clear the list of redirect learned routes.  I'm not sure what could be
more advisory than that.

--J



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Mahdavi, Jamshid wrote:
>=20
> Joe Touch wrote:
>=20
>> I think some of the points are correct, but others have far-reaching
>> ramifications. If all ICMPs are advisory, e.g., then some things we re=
ly
>> on for correct operation would silently fail (redirects, in particular=
).
>=20
> I think that ICMP redirects are absolutely advisory.  We have lots of=20
> cases where people ignore redirects, disable sending them, or periodica=
lly
> clear the list of redirect learned routes.  I'm not sure what could be
> more advisory than that.

Maybe I'm misunderstanding advisory. I thought it implied "SHOULD
ignore". If it implies "MAY ignore", that seems fine.

Joe


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	TCP's reaction to soft errors)
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Fernando Gont wrote:
> Folks,
> 
> I would like to state my opinion on the question asked by Mark (wrt what 
> we would do with the ICMP docs if we were to take Matts suggestion for 
> working on ICMP):
> 
> * Both of the drafts are aiming at Informational, thus just describing 
> "what is implemented out there". No matter what we end up standardizing, 
> that will not change what is currently implemented out there. That's one 
> of the reasons for which I think that even if we got consensus to 
> proceed as suggested by Matt, both documents should still be moved 
> forward on the Informational path.

 From the point of view of an actual kernel and TCP/IP stack developer
I can only say that this documentation is invaluable for reference and
for interoperability issues.

In my opinion having this documented and preserved as an informational RFC
helps people new to TCP it to find it and to avoid the mistakes of the
past.  A new tcp/ip developer or hacker can avoid countless hours of
debugging and re-inventing the wheel by just looking at the work already
done for them by Fernando and all the other participants to it.  Not
formally documenting it would just let it slide into obscurity quickly
and in a year or two only us 'greybeards' will remember it while the next
generation repeats history again.  That's just wasteful.

This is a perfect application of the "standing on the shoulders of giants"
meme.

-- 
Andre (@FreeBSD.ORG)

> * In the case of the ICMP attacks draft, one of the goals of the 
> document is to discuss ICMP-based attacks (other than "proposing 
> mitigations). And many have argued that it is really needed (e.g., it is 
> not clear to everybody how TCP MD5, IPsec, etc, interact with ICMP and 
> TCP... and that's one of the things the draft tries to clarify).
> 
> * There are already a few RFCs, around ten internet drafts (including 
> one by the IAB), and a few papers referencing it, and it is worth noting 
> that while we have two documents on TCP-based spoofing attacks 
> (antispoof and tcpsecure), if we were to drop the ICMP attacks draft we 
> would end up having no doc describing ICMP attacks against TCP (which, 
> ironically, are simpler than their TCP-based counter-part).
> 
> * Another thing with the ICMP attacks draft is that it describes quite a 
> few mitigations that have been widely implemented, and not just the TCP 
> SEQ check and that of dropping ICMP SQ. Therefore, even if we were to 
> pull the ICMP SQ and the TCP SEQ check stuff from the document, there's 
> still more stuff in the document that makes the draft worth publishing.
> 
> * I agree that the ICMP attacks draft needs more work. In the last few 
> revisions I have been addressing lots of technical comments posted by 
> many of you on the list. That's why I have not yet completely tackled 
> those parts of the draft that are still "too prescriptive". This is 
> going to be the goal of the next revision which, in the event anybody 
> sends text (it's a wg doc!), will probably converge even sooner than 
> expected.
> 
> * In the case of the ICMP soft errors draft, we have had discussions for 
> the last two years, and we didn't get consensus to standardize the 
> "abort the connection reset upon receipt of an ICMP soft error". But 
> there are many implementations that already perform some alternative 
> reaction to ICMP error messages received during the 
> connection-establishment phase. I think we had already got consensus to 
> document it. And the draft is very close (if not already) for WGLC (we 
> bounced the doc a few times with Mark, and I will be able to publish a 
> revision anytime soon).
> 
> * It is worth noting that we were recently talking about how to 
> encourage participation of open source projects in the IETF. The ICMP 
> attacks draft has benefited from the feedback of all major open source 
> OSes, along the two years it has been around. While we certainly should 
> not make a decision based exclusively on this point, I'm not sure all 
> those guys would be happy to provide feedback on future drafts if they 
> realize that the time they spent during two years contributing to an 
> IETF doc basically ended up in nothing.
> 
> Kindest regards,
> 
> -- 
> Fernando Gont
> e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
> PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> 
> 


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Subject: RE: [tcpm] RE: TAKE TWO: Unified ICMP processing: A straw man
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That (MAY ignore) has always been my understanding of advisory.

--J

-----Original Message-----
From: Joe Touch [mailto:touch@isi.edu]=20
Sent: Thursday, December 07, 2006 8:00 AM
To: Mahdavi, Jamshid
Cc: tcpm@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [tcpm] RE: TAKE TWO: Unified ICMP processing: A straw man



Mahdavi, Jamshid wrote:
>=20
> Joe Touch wrote:
>=20
>> I think some of the points are correct, but others have far-reaching
>> ramifications. If all ICMPs are advisory, e.g., then some things we
rely
>> on for correct operation would silently fail (redirects, in
particular).
>=20
> I think that ICMP redirects are absolutely advisory.  We have lots of=20
> cases where people ignore redirects, disable sending them, or
periodically
> clear the list of redirect learned routes.  I'm not sure what could be
> more advisory than that.

Maybe I'm misunderstanding advisory. I thought it implied "SHOULD
ignore". If it implies "MAY ignore", that seems fine.

Joe


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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Thu Dec 07 11:51:09 2006
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To: Andre Oppermann <andre@freebsd.org>, mathis@psc.edu
From: Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org>
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP and
	TCP's reaction to soft errors) 
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Thanks for the thoughts folks.  Let me try to ask a more refined
question rather than the pretty open question I asked last night.

What I am really wondering about still is how Matt's vision encompasses
or does not encompass the two current work items.  In other words, in
abstract terms if we were going to write one document that said "people
do X" without making a recommendation or changing a standard and then we
wrote something else that standardized X as OK (SHOULD, MAY, whatever
...) then these would be largely overlapping efforts and we might decide
that doing both would be silly.

So, it seems to me that we have some WG consensus to take on two tasks.
Therefore, I think Andre's point is covered.  We will get this
information written down.  But, I do not think the consensus to work on
these items says precisely how to accomplish that task.  What I am
trying to understand is how the current documents overlap with Matt's
vision.  Will the documents Matt proposes naturally include the
information in the two current documents?  Will there be missing pieces
that we need to pick up (here or in tsvwg or wherever)?

Matt- can you help me?

Thanks!

allman




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On Dec 7, 2006, at 17:49, Mark Allman wrote:
> So, it seems to me that we have some WG consensus to take on two  
> tasks.
> Therefore, I think Andre's point is covered.  We will get this
> information written down.  But, I do not think the consensus to  
> work on
> these items says precisely how to accomplish that task.

I think there is value in writing down what is currently implemented,  
with a statement big red letters that says:

    1. the purpose is documentation
    2. the mechanisms have not undergone IETF review
    3. the mechanisms are not IETF standards
    4. the IETF may develop standards-track mechanisms that may differ
       from what is described here

Once we have (4), that should informatively cite the informational  
documents to "obsolete" them.

>   What I am
> trying to understand is how the current documents overlap with Matt's
> vision.  Will the documents Matt proposes naturally include the
> information in the two current documents?  Will there be missing  
> pieces
> that we need to pick up (here or in tsvwg or wherever)?

I see the informational documents and Matt's proposal as (almost)  
orthogonal. One says what is currently out there. The other says what  
_should_ be out there. Parts may be identical (parts of what's out  
there is what should be out there), but other parts may differ.

What is important is to not confuse the informational documents for  
the (non-existing) standards-track ones, and word them in a way that  
makes this distinction clear.

Lars


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Sorry to be so late with these.  The proposed minutes are up at
http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/06nov/minutes/tcpm.txt .

Please have a look ASAP to make sure we've spelled your name correctly
and not misrepresented your positions.

There's a copy attached.


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Ted Faber
http://www.isi.edu/~faber           PGP: http://www.isi.edu/~faber/pubkeys.=
asc
Unexpected attachment on this mail? See http://www.isi.edu/~faber/FAQ.html#=
SIG

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TCPM meeting / IETF 67 / Thursday, Nov. 9, 2006

(Ted's laptop not working with projector)

Steve's presentation and security discussion first, because of
scheduling contraints.

Steve Bellovin - Towards a TCP Security Option

motivation / requirements for a new tcp security option
existing tcp-md5 has number of serious problems

  cryptographically "laughable" - should use HMAC or other real MAC

  not easy to say "this packet keyed with key X", so at times of
    key change, receiver may get confused
  no key management

  people using TCP-MD5 are generally using ascii strings as passwords

  We [the IETF] know it [TCP-MD5] is weak, we know it was done
    incorrectly, it would be wrong to advance
  in order to advance BGP, we needed a process waiver

why not use IPsec?
  turns out not to work particularly well in the real world

  protection down at IP layer, hard to get key from user layer

  plays very poorly with NATs.  BGP speakers rarely behind NATs, but
    can't usually use hardware IPsec given way routers are built today

  one major brand of router notorious for underpowered CPUs

  TLS doesn't protect TCP header, very easy to destroy TCP connection by
    injecting just one packet

  integrated key management perceived to be too heavyweight for some apps

requirements for a new TCP security option

  must protect TCP header
  proper crypto
  key management

protecting the TCP header
  in case of encryption, some portions should NOT be protected (due to
    NAT, proxies, etc)
  questions about port numbers, window, congestion-related flags

key identifier
  long-lived connection needs to change keys at some point

  Joe Touch: key word is "efficient"

  if there are multiple connections between a pair of machines, should
    they be able to share some state?

  joe touch: whole thread belongs under "key id or not key id" not under
    "we need a key id and here are its properties"

  steve: not saying anything about format, just suggesting properties,
    without saying anything about how to do it

  sctp with tls can get some efficiencies

automated key management

  rfc 4107

  ikev2 may or may not be a good choice

  tcp part should be done here, key management done in security area

  Tim Shepard: why not use ipsec?  you explained it, but I'm wondering
    if the router design issue is the problem, could we use ipsec, but
    label the packets with a different protocol number

  Steve: the problem is in the location of hardware assist on the
    linecard and then to control plane, real concern is CPU DoS attacks
    against central processor

  Tim: isn't this problem no matter what solution we adopt, does our
    solution have to use linecard hw assist?

  Steve: we've gotten pushback when we said "just use ipsec"

  ipsec is descendant of sp3 [as in layer 3, network], developed by dod,
    we should look at sp4 [as in layer 4, transport]

  Michael Tuexen: will key management be inband?

  Steve: unspecified, decision for later working group; ipsec would've
    been done a lot faster if split out from base wg

  Joe Touch: clean reason not to use IPsec: impossible to force FIN to
    clear out SA and rekey

  Steve: I could call the daemon and tell it [the daemon] to destroy
    it [the SPI]

  Joe: between FIN and call, another SYN could come in; fundamentally
    can't tie key to particular session at transport.

  Steve: ipsec comes from ip layer and doesn't have strong notion of connec=
tion

  Matt Mathis: when bgp1 was being developed, it was refered to as layer
    inversion, doing layer 3 function over layer4 TCP; critical to address
    in this document - TCP liveness isn't appropriate for routing
    liveness; I'm afraid of using other protocols for rekeying if we don't
    have connectivity when we lose a BGP session

  Steve: key id could refer to out of band or cached material, think of
    TLS session resumption

  Matt: you're talking solutions, question still needs to be well-posed
    in document

  Ron Bonica: clear that we need automated keying, but would like to see
    this decoupled due to differing skillsets required and timeframes

  Caitlin Bestler: main concern is whether or not this is truly general,
    I think it isn't general and shouldn't be solved at layer 4

  Steve: there's been a fair amount of rumbling since late 90s over
    problems ipsec was causing for transport and measurement communities;
    ipsec is protecting too much and has wrong granularity, TLS is also
    unworkable

  Yushun Wang: BTNS working group is trying to solve first bullet

  Ted: Mark and I liked this draft because it directly addresses why
    tcpm should be working on this would like to have a design team look
    at this and come forward with a proposal if the wg agrees that this is
    worth solving

  Joe Touch: lot of academic/completeness reasons why I think this is
    needed; this is cleaner than connection-latching; but fundamentally
    question is "who needs this" and answer is limited to situations where
    you may be just as good setting up an IPsec tunnel; I can't make a
    good case that it's absolutely needed

  Steve: I'll argue both sides too, talking in saag this afternoon about
    discription of very sophisticated attack that low-value machine in my
    lab was hit with, we discovered 2 weeks ago that the machine had been
    compromised since may, it's out there and I'm not the only one whose
    seen it; connection hijacking and worse is out there, mac address for
    over 200 other machines was used by this machine, which was
    demonstrably capable of hijacking tcp sessions; my concern is "is the
    market going to buy into this?"

  Ted: not sure market buyin is requirement

  Ron Bonica: from customers there is demand

  Caitlin: might slow down deployment of this, TLS, and IPSec with three
    competing options

  Joe Touch: this would not necessarily prevent steve's attack, just
    help limit its scope in propagating

  Ted: don't get wrapped around axle of attack or about marketing

  (hum if there is support for doing the work to advance tcp-level
    security system)
  solid hum
  (hum if you oppose)
  weaker hum
  (hum if you have no opinion)
  similar to opposing volume

  Assuming this isn't immediately contradicted by mailing list, we'll
    move forward with design team and coordinate with saag

Ted / WG status
  Blind Attack Robustness (tcpsecure) - new revision out soon, approaching
    last call
  ECN SYN stuff - Mark raised questions, Sally will address via simulation

  SYN Cookies - need to roll in freebsd work, and new version out soon

  2581bis - Mark working on implementation reports, powwowed with IESG
     as to format, should be moving forward quickly

  Antispoof - should be moving towards 2nd last call, limited to updated
    sections

  Lars: TCP-RLCI (presented at last ietf) should be looked at by group
    for consideration for publication

  Ted: Mark and I getting brand new cattle-prods for christmas, so we
    should be better at moving these items through more quickly

TCP User Timeout Option (UTO) draft-ietf-tcpm-tcp-uto-04.txt - Fernando Gont
  Lars Eggert (as author): some confusion as to whether UTO should go
    experimental or PS, charter had it as PS and got consensus, I don't
    care as either author or AD as AD, would like to go to experimental

  Tim Shepard: same here, other than experimental should go to list

  Received feedback from Gorry Fairhurst, which is where most changes
    since last presentation came from overview

  Peers advertise their timeout and adapt local value accordingly

  Main changes introduced in -03
    Rearranged introduction
    Removed discussion of 2 socket options that were not really relevent
    Clarified that UTO is disabled by default and has system-wide toggle
    Enforce minimum of one RTO
  Main changes introduced in -04
    Feedback from Caitlin and Jamshid
    UTO should be sent in first segment after SYN, information could be
      lost if using syn cookies
    Made it clear that if option not included in initial SYN, systems
      that break are already violating TCP requirement of ignoring unknown
      options
  Changes to be introduced in -05
    Editorial tweaks from Mark Allman
  Moving forward
    We think ready for WGLC

  Gorry Fairhurst: what was mark's comment on 60 seconds

  Fernando: RTO could be capped at 60 seconds, might not be doubled forever

  Gorry: do we agree that you don't have to send options in syn exchange

  Ted: scope that, not violation of an rfc to my knowledge, does it
    cause problem - yeah

  Matt Mathis: lot of language in 1323 about not surprising tcps with
    new options mid-stream, but that was written when the Internet was a
    much friendlier place

  Fernando: 1122 says MUST ignore unknown

  Matt: a lot of companies have trouble with "if the other end does
    something stupid, don't make it worse"

  Ted: you're advocating this in order to get rid of bad stacks?

  laughter

  Lars: it might be interesting to use this as a test case to see if
    fragile stacks are still out there

  Ted: technical issue is that this is not negotiation, it's advisory.

  Caitlin: key point is that receiving side may not remember whether
    you've sent it on syn, and don't want to obligate them to reject if
    they can't remember

  David borman: back in days of 1122, big issue was that there were
    implementations that could successfully handle unknown options during
    syn exchange but no later, but that was 10-15 years ago, we should
    lose that old baggage and move on; UTO is good example for adding in
    middle of connection, because it's not negotiated; I think this
    document has been through enough hammering for simple concept that it
    introduces

  Joe Touch: worth clarifying why you're allowing it to be set in
    mid-stream, and explaining why it doesn't matter, where for other
    options it does matter (anything that has to be synchronized with data
    stream)

  Ted asks Joe to make sure this is addressed

  Lars: might want to consider a BCP for what to do with TCP options

  David: document currently says it should be in syns and in first data
    packet - implies you don't HAVE to have it in both syns and later

  Gorry: trying to be clear that I wasn't objecting to way it's done,
    just want it to be clear

  Matt: people may argue that implementations that do it later are wrong

  Ted: think that's an inaccurate reading of SHOULD, do you have
    alternate wording?

  Joe: should do it this way, but must allow for it to be done other way

  Matt/Joe: problem is that definition of should is not precise, and
    doesn't say anything about backward compatibility

  Anantha Ramiah: not aware of any TCP that doesn't just ignore option

  David: only clarification is to say MUST accept UTO option even if not
    sent in initial SYN

  Caitlin: except in sense of not resetting, it's still free to ignore it

  David: absense of UTO in SYNs should not preclude later accepting

  Ted: we all agree with statement, path is to last call document,
    someone will suggest text

(hum if you think ready of WGLC)
strong
(hum if you don't)
none
next week will go to WGLC

ICMP attacks against TCP - draft-ietf-tcpm-icmp-attacks - Fernando Gont
  Overview
    Describes a few ways icmp can be used to break tcp connections
    3 attacks spoofing various icmp messages
    Well-known issues, but no documented countermeasures
    Most implementations have some countermeasures, for 10 years at least

  Joe Touch: we had email exchanges on this; wg agreed to "describe"
    solutions, not "propose" them

  Counter-measures (1)
    Check tcp sequence number included in icmp message - not complete solut=
ion
    Change reaction for hard errors to that of soft errors - within
      current specifications/recommendations
  counter-measures (2)
    Ignore source-quench - violates 1122, but generally accepted
    Bob Braden clarified in Vancouver that if anyone got Source-Quench
      to work, then we should still be responding to them

  Matt Mathis: 1122 is just wrong, understanding has changed since that time

  Matt's comment is on honoring the fragmentation needed [ICMP message]
    if there is no progress on connection (wait for RTO)

  Document Path
    Adopted for informational, question about whether parts should be
      standards track
    ICMP provides easier attack than blind rst attack, whose defense is
      standards track

  Moving Forward

    Need to decide on which way to go info or standard, and whether
      describing or specifying solutions

  Proposal (1)
    Split current document into 2, one std track, one bcp/std track with
      PMTUD-specific parts (in tsvwg since for all transport protocols)
      this is probably right thing[says the slide], but sctp, dccp, etc
      have to agree
  proposal (2)
    General informational document in tsvwg, and std track in tcpm
  proposal (3)
    Stay as is (on informational)

  Fernando: personally like option 1 or 2, but not 3

  Ted: document covers a lot of ground, some people might have different
    opinions on parts, and then issue of whether we have something to say
    about transports in general, 2 axes here (hat off) should be sliced up

  Matt Mathis: curious if you counted number of rfcs that mention icmp
    (nearly 500), talking about a lot of work, not a small project

  Ted: restricting to tcp is much smaller

  Matt: consensus that something should be done, old fraternity joke
    that "we ought to" means other person, somehow need to start down this
    path, answer to tcp part may change a bit, state direction and all
    people using icmp need to consider implications for their own protocol

  Ted: do you want to articulate vision for icmp here or in tsv?

  Matt: belongs in TSV

  Ted: putting consistency check into tcp is small and we can do

  Matt: small document should begin us thinking about bigger problem,
    people have inconsistent notions about how icmp should behave

  Joe Touch: strongly in favor of splitting up into component parts,
    vetting is simpler, source quench first

  Ted: would have more boiler plate than text

  Joe: take it to ISOC, would love to apply header compression there;
    with regard to individual solutions, unlike rst doc, signals from icmp
    are not bound to come back within any window, no rule about issuing or
    receiving icmps within some window, don't want tcp in odd environments
    to break, maybe more than 4 documents, some may be informational
    "here's what people do", then we can talk about what to standardize

  fernando: ICMP is out-of-band signaling, why in case of RSTs are they
    required to be in window, but not ICMPs

  Joe: ICMP is not comming from other end of connection.

  Joe: want to bundle based on semantics

  Ted: he wants to argue about the issues separately so long argument
    about some issues don't slow down source quench (really the whole
    doc.)

  David Borman: good idea, comment on ICMP - you shouldn't be getting
    random messages, only in response to sent packets, trying to verify
    that received ICMPs are in response to something you actually sent

  Ted: right, it's a really good idea

  David: if you accept that, how do you do that, and is sequence check
    good/sufficient, what if router slow path causes delay and it shows up
    later, but in general idea is sound and good, but we get into is this
    the right thing and is it always accurate; could also have general
    purpose document with TCP stuff, and separate with SCTP

  Ted: Randall tells me SCTP ignores ICMP

  Randall/Michael: except for PMTU, and Proto Unreachable

  David: TCP spec doesn't talk about ICMP, but 1122 does

  Ted: proposal - go to TSVWG with lance in hand say "here is unified
    view of icmp that all transports should adopt"

  David: come up with "this is what we're going to do for tcp", and
    structure into generic and tcp-specific parts within same document

  Ted: still need to break mitigations into separate documents

  David: can still be split up, within each mitigation include a general pa=
rt

  Ted: should that go on here or in TSV?

  David: split-it up and continue here, becomes prototype that other
    things can reference and use

  Matt: like using TCP document as example for other protocols
 =20
  Matt: RTT through control path of router may be longer than end-to-end
    RTT, result is valid out-of-window ICMP

  Fernando: if error really is hard-error than later packets will
    generate more that will be valid

  Matt: one thing missing from document is with PLPMTUD, would like to
    capture message from probe and you get only one, which you can be way
    past in window; I used to do measurement using ICMP, but
    implementations are written for clarity, not performance or robustness

  Anantha: thinking on ICMP processing, this draft makes it more robust,
    why are we even discussing things that may be implementation specific
    and vary from system to system

  Ted: one of issues is that in earlier versions it was put forth as
    security mechanism (hard guarantee and not hint - concerned with false
    negatives), discussion that has to be had

  Gorry: as DCCP chair, general document is useful, whole bunch of
    little ones on tcp, whole bunch on dccp, sctp, etc; if we're talking
    about source quench, we can all agree quickly

  Ted: I hear what you're saying, this group's ability to more forward
    isn't happening due to it all being tied together

  Gorry: I like slicing, just make slices address max number of wgs

  Bob Braden: proceedural problem, issue for tsv at least, who should
    lay down general principles and direct particular wgs to fill in
    details, apparent problem is addressing at lower level rather than
    higher; whatever TSV decides to do with it

  Ted: put this on hold [in tcpm]?
  Bob: present it to TSV and let them decide what to do
  Ted: not move forward here?
  Bob: right

  Lars: comment on jabber from John Heffner: trying to shoehorn
    ["]real["]security into ICMP handling is difficult (long comment, see
    jabber log)

  Joe Touch: backs up Bob Braden, suggest TSVWG continue with it split
    up, and which ones to do in tcpm or there

  Bob: in response to Heffner, whenever I hear anyone talk about real
    security I worry, problems come from people who use icmp (transport
    layer), making recommendations on wringing as much security as
    possible out at transport may be helpful

  Ted: Took away [from Heffner's comment]: standards docs are not good
    at talking about corner cases and tradeoffs

  Joe: could impact something legitimate, if misinterpreted as attack;
    if in fact doing validation check, that's one thing, if security
    issue, take to SAAG and ask if it provides any security, proceed
    after [if] laughing stops

  Lars: John had "real" in quotes

laughter

  Fernando: keep in mind that ICMP is unreliable after all, many many
    reasons they could be wrong

  Dave Borman: if all ICMPs get lost, TCP should still work, they
    provide good information that allow things to progress faster, losing
    potentially good information, greyscale as to how much we're willing
    to give up benefits for risks

  Lars: with hat on, going to TSVWG would be totally appropriate

  Fernando: I have something I could submit, not finished, but close

  Lars: we'd look at agenda request favorably

  Ted: non-binding hum, try to measure room

   1) stay with what we have
   2) work from tsvwg, stop here until that happens
   3) split here and work here with generalization sections

  Joe: 4th, take it to tsv with big question, or start there with split
    doc, not mutually exclusive

  Dave: do we split or not is separate from does it go to tsvwg

  agreed by room

  (hum for do we take to tsvwg)
    medium hum

  (hum to continue here bottom up)
    weak

  (don't care)
    NONE

  (in favor of splitting)
    medium

  (presenting unified as stands)
    NONE


Advancing F-RTO to the standards track - Max Hata
  FRTO status
    Experimental RFC 4138, august 2005
    Several known independent implementations
    Several experimentations
    Outcome: sucessful and straightforward, performance excellent, no
      adverse issue reported
    Will prepare some summary of good things, analysis of conrner cases,
      and make sure it will not be harmful

  Recommendation for drafting new RFC
    Focus only on algorithm and tcp
    Leave pieces for sack and sctp as experimental
    Plan on submitting by march 2007

  Ted: main reason for this presentation is for people using or who
    would like to help to come to him or Pasi, bunch of good solid data,
    would like to happen quickly.

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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Fri Dec 08 08:48:29 2006
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs
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On Thu, 7 Dec 2006, Andre Oppermann wrote:
> In my opinion having this documented and preserved as an informational RFC
> helps people new to TCP it to find it and to avoid the mistakes of the
> past.  A new tcp/ip developer or hacker can avoid countless hours of
> debugging and re-inventing the wheel by just looking at the work already
> done for them by Fernando and all the other participants to it.  Not
> formally documenting it would just let it slide into obscurity quickly
> and in a year or two only us 'greybeards' will remember it while the next
> generation repeats history again.  That's just wasteful.

I fully support this view.  The ICMP soft-errors and attacks 
(preferably, all of it; splitting up just takes energy and will take 
more time) needs to go out, sooner the better.  This has already 
dragged on too long (years).

More general standards track work on ICMP will be of longer timescale 
(just to get agreement on the right approach and to get the details 
right will take a number of years), hence it should not block work 
that has been going (and implemented) for years.

Unified ICMP work should happen in TSVWG or in a new WG.  To gauge 
community interest (and tentative consensus) on this, it might not be 
a bad idea to organize a BoF on the topic (not necessarily aimed at 
creating a new WG).

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings

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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Fri Dec 08 09:59:55 2006
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Date: Fri, 8 Dec 2006 09:59:21 -0500 (EST)
From: Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>
To: Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org>
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP and
	TCP's reaction to soft errors) 
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Sorry, Matt hasn't decided what his vision encompasses...

My plan (for me) is to re-read all of the recent material, and try to assemble
a "master outline" of everything that I think we need to consider including in
some future ICMP document.

I would like to reuse as much of Fernando's text as possible, but probably
reorganized into different documents.

Publishing "as built" documents is generally a good thing, especially if they
can be viewed as prototypes of future standards.  However some cases are not
good, such as if they cause implementers to invest in code that is not part of
the correct solution.   I don't think that is the case here.

But I don't have my head around enough of the problem yet.

One thing that would be a huge help - if somebody could start on an
inventory/bibliography of all RFC's that mention ICMP.

This will become one section of either the principles document, or a
non-RFC-track planing doc, and then eventually the basis for the "All ICMP
updates doc"  This bibliography is critical to understanding the big picture.

RFC number:
Title:
RFC status: (std/informational/obsolete, etc)
Extent of ICMP language: (incidental, significant, primary)
     (Extent which the RFC is about ICMP vs some other protocol)
Protocols: ICMPv4, ICMPv6, both
ICMP types mentioned: echo, redirect, etc or classes such as "errors"
ICMP roles: generation, reaction, request/response, translation/conversion, other

For the first pass, I just need to know about RFCs that are current standards
or standards track.   We eventually need to do this for all non-obsolete RFC
and all mature ID's.....

Fernando, are you up to this task?

Thanks,
--MM--
-------------------------------------------
Matt Mathis      http://www.psc.edu/~mathis
Work:412.268.3319    Home/Cell:412.654.7529
-------------------------------------------
Evil is defined by mortals who think they know
"The Truth" and use force to apply it to others.

On Thu, 7 Dec 2006, Mark Allman wrote:

>
> Thanks for the thoughts folks.  Let me try to ask a more refined
> question rather than the pretty open question I asked last night.
>
> What I am really wondering about still is how Matt's vision encompasses
> or does not encompass the two current work items.  In other words, in
> abstract terms if we were going to write one document that said "people
> do X" without making a recommendation or changing a standard and then we
> wrote something else that standardized X as OK (SHOULD, MAY, whatever
> ...) then these would be largely overlapping efforts and we might decide
> that doing both would be silly.
>
> So, it seems to me that we have some WG consensus to take on two tasks.
> Therefore, I think Andre's point is covered.  We will get this
> information written down.  But, I do not think the consensus to work on
> these items says precisely how to accomplish that task.  What I am
> trying to understand is how the current documents overlap with Matt's
> vision.  Will the documents Matt proposes naturally include the
> information in the two current documents?  Will there be missing pieces
> that we need to pick up (here or in tsvwg or wherever)?
>
> Matt- can you help me?
>
> Thanks!
>
> allman
>
>
>
>

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Subject: RE: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP andTCP's
	reaction to soft errors) 
Date: Fri, 8 Dec 2006 08:27:41 -0800
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FWIW, my take is that there is value in documenting
operational issues for ICMP as informational in the
near term - or, at least having an agreed-upon plan
of action for moving forward. We already have RFC2923
and possibly others as useful examples that document
as informational certain operational aspects of ICMP.

The other thing to consider is that the operational
issues would not go away were we to decide to abandon
efforts; the subject would simply come around again
at some later point in time.

I don't care so much what form the documentation
takes or where the work is done, but if there are
operational issues and we already have a good head
start on understanding them, why not see the work
through to a useful conclusion?

Thanks - Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com =20

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To: Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>
From: Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org>
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP and
	TCP's reaction to soft errors) 
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> My plan (for me) is to re-read all of the recent material, and try to
> assemble a "master outline" of everything that I think we need to
> consider including in some future ICMP document.

Thanks.  That would be very useful.

allman




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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Fri Dec 08 22:44:58 2006
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To: Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org>
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	and TCP's reaction to soft errors) 
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At 11:59 08/12/2006, Matt Mathis wrote:

>One thing that would be a huge help - if somebody could start on an
>inventory/bibliography of all RFC's that mention ICMP.
>
>This will become one section of either the principles document, or a
>non-RFC-track planing doc, and then eventually the basis for the "All ICMP
>updates doc"  This bibliography is critical to understanding the big picture.
[....]
>For the first pass, I just need to know about RFCs that are current standards
>or standards track.   We eventually need to do this for all non-obsolete RFC
>and all mature ID's.....
>
>Fernando, are you up to this task?

Yes.

As you mentioned, I will start with the std track RFCs, and will try 
to get the document ready ASAP. From then I will move on.
Do you think we should go through all the RFCs (i.e, std track and 
non-std track), and then move on to the ID's, or go through the std 
track RFCs, then through the IDs, and then through the rest of the RFCs?

Kindest regards,

--
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1






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From: Matt Mathis <mathis@psc.edu>
To: Fernando Gont <fernando@gont.com.ar>
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP  and
	TCP's reaction to soft errors) 
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Well, there is not much point in going through deprecated and other obsolete
RFC's.  I think we should at least know about Informational RFC's that mention
ICMP.

What tools have you been using for version control and formatting you ID's?

Thanks,
--MM--
-------------------------------------------
Matt Mathis      http://www.psc.edu/~mathis
Work:412.268.3319    Home/Cell:412.654.7529
-------------------------------------------
Evil is defined by mortals who think they know
"The Truth" and use force to apply it to others.

On Fri, 8 Dec 2006, Fernando Gont wrote:

> At 11:59 08/12/2006, Matt Mathis wrote:
>
> >One thing that would be a huge help - if somebody could start on an
> >inventory/bibliography of all RFC's that mention ICMP.
> >
> >This will become one section of either the principles document, or a
> >non-RFC-track planing doc, and then eventually the basis for the "All ICMP
> >updates doc"  This bibliography is critical to understanding the big picture.
> [....]
> >For the first pass, I just need to know about RFCs that are current standards
> >or standards track.   We eventually need to do this for all non-obsolete RFC
> >and all mature ID's.....
> >
> >Fernando, are you up to this task?
>
> Yes.
>
> As you mentioned, I will start with the std track RFCs, and will try
> to get the document ready ASAP. From then I will move on.
> Do you think we should go through all the RFCs (i.e, std track and
> non-std track), and then move on to the ID's, or go through the std
> track RFCs, then through the IDs, and then through the rest of the RFCs?
>
> Kindest regards,
>
> --
> Fernando Gont
> e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
> PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1
>
>
>
>
>

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP  and 
	TCP's reaction to soft errors)
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Matt,

> Well, there is not much point in going through deprecated and other
> obsolete RFC's.

Yep. I was meaning Informationals.


> I think we should at least know about Informational RFC's that
> mention ICMP.

Okay. Will first go through the std track ones, then through the
Informtionals.


> What tools have you been using for version control and formatting you
> ID's?

I use the online tools at http://xml.resource.org.

Kindest regards,
Fernando Gont






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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the TCP Maintenance and Minor Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: TCP SYN Flooding Attacks and Common Mitigations
	Author(s)	: W. Eddy
	Filename	: draft-ietf-tcpm-syn-flood-01.txt
	Pages		: 20
	Date		: 2006-12-11
	
This document describes TCP SYN flooding attacks, which have been
   well-known to the community for several years.  Various
   countermeasures against these attacks, and the trade-offs of each,
   are described.  This document archives explanations of the attack and
   common defense techniques for the benefit of TCP implementers and
   administrators of TCP servers or networks.

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On Mon, Dec 11, 2006 at 03:50:01PM -0500, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
> directories.
> This draft is a work item of the TCP Maintenance and Minor Extensions Working Group of the IETF.
> 
> 	Title		: TCP SYN Flooding Attacks and Common Mitigations
> 	Author(s)	: W. Eddy
> 	Filename	: draft-ietf-tcpm-syn-flood-01.txt
> 	Pages		: 20
> 	Date		: 2006-12-11
> 	
> This document describes TCP SYN flooding attacks, which have been
>    well-known to the community for several years.  Various
>    countermeasures against these attacks, and the trade-offs of each,
>    are described.  This document archives explanations of the attack and
>    common defense techniques for the benefit of TCP implementers and
>    administrators of TCP servers or networks.
> 

A gzipped rfcdiff output between this version and the previous version
is attached.  The changes are pretty small, mainly consisting of:

 . added short description of the new FreeBSD use of the Timestamp field
   to extend the amount of bits available for SYN cookies, and enable
   window scaling, SACK, etc. in conjunction with SYN cookies.

 . clarified document scope only includes SYN flooding directed at
   over-running a TCP stack, not attacks aiming to over-run a network
   ("lower" rate attacks, not high rate attacks)

 . added discussion of applications where the passive side sends the
   first data and how SYN cookies can be problematic for these applications

--
Wesley M. Eddy
Verizon Federal Network Systems

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP and
	TCP's reaction to soft errors)
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Hi, 

I looked up the following e-mail from Adrian in the mail archives. As someone
that used open source code and responsible for the development of security
appliances, I would fully support and second Andre Opperman's view. Fernando
did a great job of uncovering the problems in ICMP that have been nascent for
years. Having the problems and their current solutions formally documented as
RFCs is a boon to to the current and future developers.

Having the two ICMP docs formally published as RFCs is also immensely valuable
to the current and future IETF contributors. I am a co-author of two Behave WG
documents - TCP-Behave and ICMP-behave. Both of the Behave drafts refer
Fernando's ICMP docs.

I support forwarding both documents as RFCs at the earliest. Thank you.
 
regards,
suresh
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> To: Fernando Gont <fernando at gont.com.ar> 
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] Future of the ICMP docs (ICMP attacks against TCP and
> TCP's
> reaction to soft errors) 
> From: Andre Oppermann <andre at freebsd.org> 
> Date: Thu, 07 Dec 2006 17:02:34 +0100 
> Cc: tcpm at ietf.org, tsv-dir at ietf.org 
> 
>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Fernando Gont wrote: 
> Folks,
> 
> I would like to state my opinion on the question asked by Mark (wrt what we
> would do with the ICMP docs if we were to take Matts suggestion for working
> on
> ICMP):
> 
> * Both of the drafts are aiming at Informational, thus just describing "what
> is
> implemented out there". No matter what we end up standardizing, that will not
> change what is currently implemented out there. That's one of the reasons for
> which I think that even if we got consensus to proceed as suggested by Matt,
> both documents should still be moved forward on the Informational path. 
> From the point of view of an actual kernel and TCP/IP stack developer
> I can only say that this documentation is invaluable for reference and
> for interoperability issues.
> 
> 
> In my opinion having this documented and preserved as an informational RFC
> helps people new to TCP it to find it and to avoid the mistakes of the
> past.  A new tcp/ip developer or hacker can avoid countless hours of
> debugging and re-inventing the wheel by just looking at the work already
> done for them by Fernando and all the other participants to it.  Not
> formally documenting it would just let it slide into obscurity quickly
> and in a year or two only us 'greybeards' will remember it while the next
> generation repeats history again.  That's just wasteful.
> 
> 
> This is a perfect application of the "standing on the shoulders of giants"
> meme.
> 
> 
> --
> Andre (@FreeBSD.ORG)
> 
> 
> * In the case of the ICMP attacks draft, one of the goals of the document is
> to
> discuss ICMP-based attacks (other than "proposing mitigations). And many have
> argued that it is really needed (e.g., it is not clear to everybody how TCP
> MD5, IPsec, etc, interact with ICMP and TCP... and that's one of the things
> the
> draft tries to clarify).
> 
> * There are already a few RFCs, around ten internet drafts (including one by
> the IAB), and a few papers referencing it, and it is worth noting that while
> we
> have two documents on TCP-based spoofing attacks (antispoof and tcpsecure),
> if
> we were to drop the ICMP attacks draft we would end up having no doc
> describing
> ICMP attacks against TCP (which, ironically, are simpler than their TCP-based
> counter-part).
> 
> * Another thing with the ICMP attacks draft is that it describes quite a few
> mitigations that have been widely implemented, and not just the TCP SEQ check
> and that of dropping ICMP SQ. Therefore, even if we were to pull the ICMP SQ
> and the TCP SEQ check stuff from the document, there's still more stuff in
> the
> document that makes the draft worth publishing.
> 
> * I agree that the ICMP attacks draft needs more work. In the last few
> revisions I have been addressing lots of technical comments posted by many of
> you on the list. That's why I have not yet completely tackled those parts of
> the draft that are still "too prescriptive". This is going to be the goal of
> the next revision which, in the event anybody sends text (it's a wg doc!),
> will
> probably converge even sooner than expected.
> 
> * In the case of the ICMP soft errors draft, we have had discussions for the
> last two years, and we didn't get consensus to standardize the "abort the
> connection reset upon receipt of an ICMP soft error". But there are many
> implementations that already perform some alternative reaction to ICMP error
> messages received during the connection-establishment phase. I think we had
> already got consensus to document it. And the draft is very close (if not
> already) for WGLC (we bounced the doc a few times with Mark, and I will be
> able
> to publish a revision anytime soon).
> 
> * It is worth noting that we were recently talking about how to encourage
> participation of open source projects in the IETF. The ICMP attacks draft has
> benefited from the feedback of all major open source OSes, along the two
> years
> it has been around. While we certainly should not make a decision based
> exclusively on this point, I'm not sure all those guys would be happy to
> provide feedback on future drafts if they realize that the time they spent
> during two years contributing to an IETF doc basically ended up in nothing.
> 
> 
> Kindest regards,
> 
> 
> --
> Fernando Gont
> e-mail: fernando at gont.com.ar || fgont at acm.org
> PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1
> 
> 
> 
> 




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From tcpm-bounces@ietf.org Fri Dec 15 10:19:56 2006
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Folks-

I sent the attached message to tsvwg a couple days back.  This is the
revival of an old document that was in tsvwg at about the time tcpm was
forming.  There is some wondering on the tsvwg list now about whether
this revival ought to happen over here.  In any case, comments
welcome... wherever they come from.

allman


 

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We recently re-submitted the early retransmit I-D that we pushed along a
while back:
=20
        Title           : Early Retransmit for TCP and SCTP
        Author(s)       : M. Allman, et al.
        Filename        : draft-allman-tcp-early-rexmt-04.txt
        Pages           : 10
        Date            : 2006-11-26
        http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-allman-tcp-early-rexmt-04=
.txt

We stopped pushing this I-D because some of our analysis of network
traces seemed to indicate that ER was sort of a crapshoot, failing as
much as succeeding.  However, given that we never went beyond sort of a
preliminary assessment and did not publish the results (/ let them stand
against peer review) we no longer think we should stop the ER draft
because of these results.  Further, the results were from on particular
network and it would seem useful to gain a broad understanding of how ER
works in a variety of environments.

My recollection is that once upon a time the TSVWG had some consensus to
take on ER as a work item with the intention of publishing it as an
experimental RFC.  I am not asking the WG that question right now.  But,
we may ask that question soon, if the chairs are amenable.  Right now we
just want to alert folks that this draft is out and solicit comments
From=20the WG.

Thanks!

allman




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Folks-

Recently we posted an update to our i-d on reacting to spurious
timeouts.  It is:

        Title           : Using Spurious Retransmissions to Adapt the Retransmission Timeout
        Author(s)       : M. Allman, et al.
        Filename        : draft-allman-rto-backoff-04.txt
        Pages           : 8
        Date            : 2006-12-12
        http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-allman-rto-backoff-04.txt

The changes were pretty minor and editorial in nature.

We think the document is in decent shape and that it might make a good
standards track mechanism for reacting to spurious timeouts.  The basic
idea is that we say a TCP MAY make the RTO estimate more conservative in
the face of spurious timeouts with the hopes of avoiding future
timeouts.  In particular, we believe that since RFC2988 explicitly
allows a TCP to be more conservative than the estimator given in that
RFC that this reaction is already allowed and a stack using it would be
considered compliant.

The WG discussed this sometime back and we believe we have made all the
suggested updates.  Do folks have further thoughts?

Clearly my co-chair hat is off on this one.  Maybe Ted could advise us
of a procedure to determine what to do next on this?

Thanks!

allman




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