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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Using SRP for TLS Authentication
	Author(s)	: D. Taylor
	Filename	: draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 29-Jun-01
	
This memo presents a technique for using the SRP (Secure Remote
Password) protocol as an authentication method for the TLS
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul  2 11:20:22 2001
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From: "Andreas Sterbenz" <Andreas.Sterbenz@iaik.at>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt
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I do not recall if this was discussed before, but I am not sure if there is
a good reason for including HMAC-MD5 ciphersuites. I think it would make
more sense to define one (or more) SRP with AES ciphersuites and 128 (192? /
256?) bit keys.

 Andreas Sterbenz              mailto:Andreas.Sterbenz@iaik.at


----- Original Message -----
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Sent: Monday, July 02, 2001 4:56 PM
Subject: [ietf-tls] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt


> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
directories.
> This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of
the IETF.
>
> Title : Using SRP for TLS Authentication
> Author(s) : D. Taylor
> Filename : draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt
> Pages : 13
> Date : 29-Jun-01
>
> This memo presents a technique for using the SRP (Secure Remote
> Password) protocol as an authentication method for the TLS
> (Transport Layer Security) protocol.
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul  4 15:50:30 2001
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From: "Mark Nottingham" <mnot@akamai.com>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Wed, 4 Jul 2001 19:50:53 -0800
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There's a difference between jumping between what are perceived as two
different protocols (even though they're similar) and jumping versions
(especially away from 1.0). Yes, this is just a perception thing, but that's
part of what versioning is about.

Also, I'm concerned about user identification of the capabilities of a
browser or other product; I'm not too optimistic about MS or anyone else
clearly labeling their product as "TLS plus extensions foo, bar and baz";
while they'll be more apt to state "TLS 1.1" once they're compliant.

In the case of dns_name, CDNs will want to use it ASAP. If some clients are
clearly labeled (as above), CDN and other virtual hosters can have their
customers specify the use of such browsers; otherwise, there will be
significant overhead in identifying the appropriate products to use.

Cheers,



> > Rationale: a version rev is more visible, and more likely to get wide
> > adoption in clients, which is needed to make dns_name worthwhile.
>
> I don't find this rationale particularly convincing. In my
> experience, implementors feel almost no pressure to upgrade their
> implementations to newer versions. Look how long it took Microsoft
> and Netscape to upgrade from SSLv3 to TLS.
>
> If there's a lot of market demand for dns_name then implementors
> will put it in whether it's a new version or not. If there's no
> demand then incrementing the version number will make almost
> no difference.




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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul  4 18:12:05 2001
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Date: 04 Jul 2001 15:19:24 -0700
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"Mark Nottingham" <mnot@akamai.com> writes:

> There's a difference between jumping between what are perceived as two
> different protocols (even though they're similar) and jumping versions
> (especially away from 1.0). Yes, this is just a perception thing, but that's
> part of what versioning is about.
I agree that there is a difference but I think you've got it backwards.
Customers are a lot more sensitive to full version upgrades than minor
upgrades. They're a lot more likely to say "I want TLS" than "I want v 1.1".

> In the case of dns_name, CDNs will want to use it ASAP. If some clients are
> clearly labeled (as above), CDN and other virtual hosters can have their
> customers specify the use of such browsers; otherwise, there will be
> significant overhead in identifying the appropriate products to use.
I don't buy this. The way you specify which browsers to use is by
naming the versions, not by saying "you must have TLS 1.1".

The overhead of determining which clients support these extensions
is relatively trivial.
   
-Ekr
[Eric Rescorla                                   ekr@rtfm.com]
                http://www.rtfm.com/

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul  5 09:28:39 2001
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Date: Thu, 5 Jul 2001 15:29:05 +0200
From: Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
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On Wed, Jul 04, 2001 at 07:50:53PM -0800, Mark Nottingham wrote:

> There's a difference between jumping between what are perceived as two
> different protocols (even though they're similar) and jumping versions
> (especially away from 1.0). Yes, this is just a perception thing, but that's
> part of what versioning is about.
> 
> Also, I'm concerned about user identification of the capabilities of a
> browser or other product; I'm not too optimistic about MS or anyone else
> clearly labeling their product as "TLS plus extensions foo, bar and baz";
> while they'll be more apt to state "TLS 1.1" once they're compliant.

The extensions are mostly optional -- the client is not obliged to
generate them, and the server can ignore them except that it must
abort the handshake if server_hello_extension_list does not parse
correctly.  So "TLS 1.1 compliancy" wouldn't mean a lot.

Internal version numbers, such as { 3, 1 } for TLS 1.0, are important
for protocol negotiation.  There is no need to use anything other than
{ 3, 1 } for using TLS extensions as proposed in
draft-ietf-tls-extensions-00.txt.  Of course we could declare that
{ 3, 1 } denotes both TLS 1.0 (if used without extensions) and TLS 1.1
(if used with extensions), but I think this is pointless.

Using a new internal version number such as { 3, 2 } would make things
unnecessarily complicated.  There is no need to increment the version
number unless we are doing incompatible changes.



-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul  5 15:29:50 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Thu, 5 Jul 2001 12:31:12 -0700
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Incrementing the minor number may complicate whatever somehow.
But it would certainly "uncomplicate" to great extent the task
of convincing browser/server vendors to adopt dns_name quickly.
The fact of matter is: the vendors are not direct beneficiaries
of dns_name, so they need some extra incentives to move. 
If we can't tempt them with greed (as all browsers are free), 
then fear -- the fear of falling behind one TLS revision -- is
the obvious alternative.

I'd like to remind ourselves, in the final analysis, the issue is not
so much about potential complication, necessary or unnecessary, but
about prompt dns_name adoption.  Vendors will do what needs to be done.
It so happens that we're now in the position to articulate the need.
So let's not blow it.  If we don't make dns_name a big deal to the
vendors the first time we may not get a second chance.  
Squeaky wheels get more oil.  Let's make it big and keep it simple,
so vendors and end users are not burdened with caveats and stipulations.
Seems to me incrementing the rev# will help the cause, so I'm for it.

We've been in this neighborhood twice before and gotten nowhere.
Perhaps this time, before jumping straight to the rev# decision,
we first try characterizing dns_name as: 1) a bug fix (for TLS 1.0),
2) a new functionality (of TLS); or 3) a new feature (of an
existing functionality).  If we can agree on the characterization,
then the answer to the rev# question should arrive accordingly.

Regards,

Joe Hui
Digital Island
====================================================================
-----Original Message-----
From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
Sent: Thursday, July 05, 2001 6:29 AM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London


On Wed, Jul 04, 2001 at 07:50:53PM -0800, Mark Nottingham wrote:

> There's a difference between jumping between what are perceived as two
> different protocols (even though they're similar) and jumping versions
> (especially away from 1.0). Yes, this is just a perception thing, but
that's
> part of what versioning is about.
> 
> Also, I'm concerned about user identification of the capabilities of a
> browser or other product; I'm not too optimistic about MS or anyone
else
> clearly labeling their product as "TLS plus extensions foo, bar and
baz";
> while they'll be more apt to state "TLS 1.1" once they're compliant.

The extensions are mostly optional -- the client is not obliged to
generate them, and the server can ignore them except that it must
abort the handshake if server_hello_extension_list does not parse
correctly.  So "TLS 1.1 compliancy" wouldn't mean a lot.

Internal version numbers, such as { 3, 1 } for TLS 1.0, are important
for protocol negotiation.  There is no need to use anything other than
{ 3, 1 } for using TLS extensions as proposed in
draft-ietf-tls-extensions-00.txt.  Of course we could declare that
{ 3, 1 } denotes both TLS 1.0 (if used without extensions) and TLS 1.1
(if used with extensions), but I think this is pointless.

Using a new internal version number such as { 3, 2 } would make things
unnecessarily complicated.  There is no need to increment the version
number unless we are doing incompatible changes.



-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP
http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.
html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283
Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul  5 16:51:25 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Thu, 5 Jul 2001 13:52:51 -0700
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What we need, IMHO, is a sound bite that can succinctly communicate
to the end users.  "You need the dns_name patch" (not unlike
the "you need the 128-bit patch" (for IE 5, e.g.)) would work well.
"You need a TLS 1.1 compliant browser" might work better, I think.

Joe Hui
Digital Island
================================
-----Original Message-----
From: Eric Rescorla [mailto:ekr@speedy.rtfm.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 04, 2001 3:19 PM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London


"Mark Nottingham" <mnot@akamai.com> writes:

> There's a difference between jumping between what are perceived as two
> different protocols (even though they're similar) and jumping versions
> (especially away from 1.0). Yes, this is just a perception thing, but
that's
> part of what versioning is about.
I agree that there is a difference but I think you've got it backwards.
Customers are a lot more sensitive to full version upgrades than minor
upgrades. They're a lot more likely to say "I want TLS" than "I want v
1.1".

> In the case of dns_name, CDNs will want to use it ASAP. If some
clients are
> clearly labeled (as above), CDN and other virtual hosters can have
their
> customers specify the use of such browsers; otherwise, there will be
> significant overhead in identifying the appropriate products to use.
I don't buy this. The way you specify which browsers to use is by
naming the versions, not by saying "you must have TLS 1.1".

The overhead of determining which clients support these extensions
is relatively trivial.
   
-Ekr
[Eric Rescorla                                   ekr@rtfm.com]
                http://www.rtfm.com/

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"Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net> writes:
> Incrementing the minor number may complicate whatever somehow.
> But it would certainly "uncomplicate" to great extent the task
> of convincing browser/server vendors to adopt dns_name quickly.
> The fact of matter is: the vendors are not direct beneficiaries
> of dns_name, so they need some extra incentives to move. 
> If we can't tempt them with greed (as all browsers are free), 
> then fear -- the fear of falling behind one TLS revision -- is
> the obvious alternative.
I see no reason to believe that incrementing the version number
will have this effect. Perhaps the representatives from Microsoft
and Netscape would be so good as to offer an opinion here.

-Ekr

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: NTRU Cipher Suites for TLS
	Author(s)	: A. Singer
	Filename	: draft-ietf-tls-ntru-00.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 06-Jul-01
	
This document defines a group of new TLS cipher suites that utilize 
the NTRU encryption algorithm and the NSS signature algorithm.  
These cipher suites are designed to maximize computational 
efficiency on both the client and server sides and ease deployment 
of the TLS protocol on constrained and embedded devices.  The 
document assumes the reader is familiar with the TLS protocol.

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: AES Ciphersuites for TLS
	Author(s)	: P. Chown
	Filename	: draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-04.txt
	Pages		: 9
	Date		: 06-Jul-01
	
At present, the symmetric ciphers supported by TLS are RC2, RC4,
IDEA, DES and triple DES.  The protocol would be enhanced by the
addition of AES [AES] ciphersuites, for the following reasons:
1.  RC2, RC4 and IDEA are all subject to intellectual property
claims.  RSA Security Inc has trademark rights in the names RC2
and RC4, and claims that the RC4 algorithm itself is a trade
secret.  Ascom Systec Ltd owns a patent on the IDEA algorithm.
2.  Triple DES is much less efficient than more modern ciphers.
3.  Now the AES process is completed there will be commercial pres¡
sure to use the selected cipher.  The AES is efficient and has
withstood extensive cryptanalytic efforts.  The AES is
therefore a desirable choice.
4.  Currently the DHE ciphersuites only allow triple DES (along
with some ``export'' variants which offer reduced key lengths).
At the same time the DHE ciphersuites are the only ones to
offer forward secrecy.
This document proposes two new ciphersuites, with the aim of over¡
coming these problems.

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You may have seen the NTRU ciphersuite draft by now. At the moment, I
don't expect this to be a standards-track document, but we may choose
to publish it as Informational.

Win Treese
Chair, TLS Working Group
treese@acm.org

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Tue Jul 10 07:22:18 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] draft-ietf-tls-ntru-00.txt CipherSuite conflict
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I notice that there is a conflict in the CipherSuite namespace between the 
NTRU draft and the expired 
draft-ietf-tls-56bit-ciphersiutes-00.txt - dated April 13th 1999.

The new Draft defines:

   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_NSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA           = { 0x00, 0x61 } 
   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_NSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA      = { 0x00, 0x62 } 
   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_NSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA       = { 0x00, 0x63 } 
   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_NSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA       = { 0x00, 0x64 } 
   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA           = { 0x00, 0x65 } 
   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA      = { 0x00, 0x66 } 
   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA       = { 0x00, 0x67 } 
   CipherSuite TLS_NTRU_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA       = { 0x00, 0x68 } 

The expired one defines:

   CipherSuite TLS_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA     = { 0x00,0x62 };
   CipherSuite TLS_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA      = { 0x00,0x64 };
   CipherSuite TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x63 };
   CipherSuite TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA  = { 0x00,0x65 };
   CipherSuite TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA            = { 0x00,0x66 };

I guess that this in itself is not an issue, however, OpenSSL has these 
defined in its' code

/* Additional TLS ciphersuites from 
draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt
 * (available if TLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES is defined, see
 * s3_lib.c).  We actually treat them like SSL 3.0 ciphers, which we 
probably
 * shouldn't. */
#define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_MD5          0x03000060
#define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC2_CBC_56_MD5      0x03000061
#define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA         0x03000062
#define TLS1_CK_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA     0x03000063
#define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA          0x03000064
#define TLS1_CK_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA      0x03000065
#define TLS1_CK_DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA                0x03000066 

to compound this, the following line is just above

#define TLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES    1

and. indeed, a vanilla openssl install returns the following from the "$ 
openssl ciphers -cipherlist EXPORT1024" command

EXP1024-DHE-DSS-RC4-SHA:EXP1024-RC4-SHA:EXP1024-DHE-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA:EXP1024-DES-CBC-SHA:EXP1024-RC2-CBC-MD5:EXP1024-RC4-MD5

Apart from any procedural issues about implementing drafts etc... I think 
there are two questions:

1) can we move the NTRU specs out of conflict ?
2) is publishing an RFC really the best way to reserve CipherSuite specs ?

Cheers,
Paul

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Tue Jul 10 08:31:24 2001
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From: Dr S N Henson <drh@celocom.com>
Organization: S N Henson
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Paul V Ford-Hutchinson wrote:
> 
> I notice that there is a conflict in the CipherSuite namespace between the
> NTRU draft and the expired
> draft-ietf-tls-56bit-ciphersiutes-00.txt - dated April 13th 1999.
> 
[stuff deleted]
> 
> I guess that this in itself is not an issue, however, OpenSSL has these
> defined in its' code
> 
> /* Additional TLS ciphersuites from
> draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt
>  * (available if TLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES is defined, see
>  * s3_lib.c).  We actually treat them like SSL 3.0 ciphers, which we
> probably
>  * shouldn't. */
> #define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_MD5          0x03000060
> #define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC2_CBC_56_MD5      0x03000061
> #define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA         0x03000062
> #define TLS1_CK_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA     0x03000063
> #define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA          0x03000064
> #define TLS1_CK_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA      0x03000065
> #define TLS1_CK_DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA                0x03000066
> 
> to compound this, the following line is just above
> 
> #define TLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES    1
> 
> and. indeed, a vanilla openssl install returns the following from the "$
> openssl ciphers -cipherlist EXPORT1024" command
> 
> EXP1024-DHE-DSS-RC4-SHA:EXP1024-RC4-SHA:EXP1024-DHE-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA:EXP1024-DES-CBC-SHA:EXP1024-RC2-CBC-MD5:EXP1024-RC4-MD5
> 

Its not just OpenSSL that implements these. They are also implemented in
Netscape and MSIE.

Steve.
-- 
Dr Stephen N. Henson.   http://www.drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk/
Personal Email: shenson@drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk 
Senior crypto engineer, Celo Communications: http://www.celocom.com/
Core developer of the   OpenSSL project: http://www.openssl.org/
Business Email: drh@celocom.com PGP key: via homepage.



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Dr Stephen Henson Wrote:

>Its not just OpenSSL that implements these. They are also 
>implemented in Netscape and MSIE.

I wasn't trying to point a finger, just trying to explain that this wasn't 
an academic discussion, as there already was a major player in the SSL/TLS 
world which had ciphersuites enabled that conflict directly with a draft 
just published by the tls w/g.

(BTW my IE and NS seem to only advertise 62 and 64 from this list)

It seems to me that the act of registering number(s) for a ciphersuite 
should be more port number-esque.  Having seemingly sensible values in 
Internet Drafts can only cause confusion, no matter how many disclaimers 
are above or below.  Especially in cases like this, where the draft 
(draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt) died so long ago  (is there 
any reason why it didn't become Informational ?) but has been widely 
implemented.

Cheers,
Paul

--
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Tue Jul 10 09:43:50 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: draft-ietf-tls-ntru-00.txt CipherSuite conflict
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Given the wide deployment, it seems that an Informational RFC is appropriate.

Russ


At 02:08 PM 7/10/2001 +0100, Paul V Ford-Hutchinson wrote:
>It seems to me that the act of registering number(s) for a ciphersuite
>should be more port number-esque.  Having seemingly sensible values in
>Internet Drafts can only cause confusion, no matter how many disclaimers
>are above or below.  Especially in cases like this, where the draft
>(draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt) died so long ago  (is there
>any reason why it didn't become Informational ?) but has been widely
>implemented.

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Russ Housley wrote:
>Given the wide deployment, it seems that an Informational RFC 
> is appropriate.

There's a copy here:

http://www.ford-hutchinson.com/~fh-1-pfh/draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt

if anyone wants to adopt/revive it.

Cheers,
Paul

--
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462005
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Thanks for the notes about the 56-bit ciphersuites--I missed that
draft on my latest summary of assigned numbers.

We'll assign new ones for the NTRU draft, and I would like to see the
56-bit draft resurrected so we can take a look at it again.

Win Treese
Chair, TLS working group
treese@acm.org

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 11 05:42:03 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: draft-ietf-tls-ntru-00.txt CipherSuite conflict
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> /* Additional TLS ciphersuites from
> draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt
>  * (available if TLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES is defined, see
>  * s3_lib.c).  We actually treat them like SSL 3.0 ciphers, which we
> probably
>  * shouldn't. */
> #define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_MD5          0x03000060

draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt also uses 0x00 0x60:

CipherSuite   TLS_SRP_WITH_RC4_128_SHA          = { 0x00,0x5C };
CipherSuite   TLS_SRP_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA         = { 0x00,0x5D };
CipherSuite   TLS_SRP_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_MD5     = { 0x00,0x5E };
CipherSuite   TLS_SRP_WITH_RC4_128_MD5          = { 0x00,0x5F };
CipherSuite   TLS_SRP_WITH_IDEA_CBC_MD5         = { 0x00,0x60 };

I wrote about this a few months back, but didn't seem to get any concrete
answer on how to allocate cipher suite numbers in drafts.

You have to put something in there while it's in draft form, otherwise
implementations won't necessarily work together.

Regards,
David.



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 11 07:16:15 2001
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David Taylor Wrote:

>> #define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_MD5          0x03000060
>draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt also uses 0x00 0x60:
>CipherSuite   TLS_SRP_WITH_IDEA_CBC_MD5         = { 0x00,0x60 };
>
>I wrote about this a few months back, but didn't seem to get any concrete
>answer on how to allocate cipher suite numbers in drafts.
>
>You have to put something in there while it's in draft form, otherwise
>implementations won't necessarily work together.

sure, and draft-ietf-tls-camellia-01.txt and draft-ietf-tls-ecc-01.txt 
both allocate 'x47' thru 'x4C'

The purist view is that nothing should be set in stone until it goes RFC. 
Clearly this approach is broken. 

- there could be a process, like IANA port registration, where the 
reservation of a number is separate to the specification of the use of 
that number.  This should ensure that there is no realistic probability of 
number re-use.

-  there could be a process where someone (Win ?) has to vet any draft 
that defines new CipherSuites (is it even possible to fit that into the 
I-D process ?)  and Win has a master list .  (this is pretty similar to 
the approach above - but with Win instead of IANA)

- there could be an agreement that all drafts specify private ciphersuites 
(xFF xhh) until they get published as RFC (My guess is that we would lose 
the concept of private ciphersuites pretty quickly).

- there could be an agreement that no draft specify any ciphersuite 
numbers.  But I think that would lead to even greater confusion.

- or we could decide that, after this heads-up, the problem is 
sufficiently well known by the groups that matter (NS, IE, OpenSSL, RSA, 
anyone else ?) that this won't happen again.

Paul

--
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MPT-6, IBM , PO Box 31, Birmingham Rd, Warwick, CV34 5JL +44 (0)1926 
462005
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 11 14:59:19 2001
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Paul V Ford-Hutchinson wrote:
> 
> David Taylor Wrote:
> 
> >> #define TLS1_CK_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_MD5          0x03000060
> >draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt also uses 0x00 0x60:
> >CipherSuite   TLS_SRP_WITH_IDEA_CBC_MD5         = { 0x00,0x60 };
> >
> >I wrote about this a few months back, but didn't seem to get any concrete
> >answer on how to allocate cipher suite numbers in drafts.
> >
> >You have to put something in there while it's in draft form, otherwise
> >implementations won't necessarily work together.
> 
> sure, and draft-ietf-tls-camellia-01.txt and draft-ietf-tls-ecc-01.txt
> both allocate 'x47' thru 'x4C'
> 
> The purist view is that nothing should be set in stone until it goes RFC.
> Clearly this approach is broken.
> 
> - there could be a process, like IANA port registration, where the
> reservation of a number is separate to the specification of the use of
> that number.  This should ensure that there is no realistic probability of
> number re-use.
> 
> -  there could be a process where someone (Win ?) has to vet any draft
> that defines new CipherSuites (is it even possible to fit that into the
> I-D process ?)  and Win has a master list .  (this is pretty similar to
> the approach above - but with Win instead of IANA)
> 
> - there could be an agreement that all drafts specify private ciphersuites
> (xFF xhh) until they get published as RFC (My guess is that we would lose
> the concept of private ciphersuites pretty quickly).
> 
> - there could be an agreement that no draft specify any ciphersuite
> numbers.  But I think that would lead to even greater confusion.
> 
> - or we could decide that, after this heads-up, the problem is
> sufficiently well known by the groups that matter (NS, IE, OpenSSL, RSA,
> anyone else ?) that this won't happen again.

Guess what? OpenSSL doesn't use the same numbers twice. But how does
that help?

It seems to me that you have two realistic alternatives:

a) Register all numbers, regardless of their status

b) Only allow experimental numbers that are _guaranteed_ to be reused
for experimental ciphersuites.

I vote for a), but it may require an address space extension, or at
least a future provision for one.

Cheers,

Ben.

--
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"There is no limit to what a man can do or how far he can go if he
doesn't mind who gets the credit." - Robert Woodruff

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From: "Singer, Ari" <ASinger@ntru.com>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: draft-ietf-tls-ntru-00.txt CipherSuite conflic
     t
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Hi - 

I will be happy to change the ciphersuite numbers for the next draft of the
NTRU-TLS document.

> -  there could be a process where someone (Win ?) has to vet 
> any draft 
> that defines new CipherSuites (is it even possible to fit 
> that into the 
> I-D process ?)  and Win has a master list .  (this is pretty 
> similar to 
> the approach above - but with Win instead of IANA)

This makes the most sense to me and was the approach that I took when I
submitted this draft.  Since the chair must approve the drafts before they
become official working group drafts, he can exercise some control over the
numbers that get put into the drafts before they are published.  That should
also help us avoid running out of numbers.  Would it be possible to have
some kind of document made publicly available that includes the official
working group approved ciphersuite numbers?  I think as long as it is on the
web somewhere and the working group (or Chair) is screening new submissions,
it should avoid most of the future problems with this issue.

> - or we could decide that, after this heads-up, the problem is 
> sufficiently well known by the groups that matter (NS, IE, 
> OpenSSL, RSA, 
> anyone else ?) that this won't happen again.

My feeling is that no matter how well known it is, its better to put extra
controls in place.


Cheers,
Ari

Ari Singer, Principal Engineer
NTRU
5 Burlington Woods
Burlington, MA 01803
Main: (781) 418-2500
Personal: (781) 418-2515
Fax: (781) 418-2532

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"Paul V Ford-Hutchinson" <paulfordh@uk.ibm.com> writes:
> http://www.ford-hutchinson.com/~fh-1-pfh/draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-00.txt
> 
> if anyone wants to adopt/revive it.
I'd be willing to volunteer if noone elese wants to.

-Ekr

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: SPKI Certificate Integration with Transport Layer 
                          Security (TLS) for Client Authentication and 
                          Authorization
	Author(s)	: H. Madhusudhana, V. Ramachandran
	Filename	: draft-madhu-tls-spki-00.txt
	Pages		: 7
	Date		: 11-Jul-01
	
This document extends version 1.0 of the TLS specification [TLS] to
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 12 14:18:54 2001
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Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 11:19:05 -0700
From: thayes@netscape.com (Terry Hayes)
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Netscape would prefer that the current (PKCS #1 v1.5) RSA encryption 
mechanism is used in any new AES-based TLS ciphersuite.  We do not think 
it is appropriate to change the algorithm at this late stage (at final 
call of the draft).  The text from version -03 should be reinstated in 
this document.

The current RSA encryption mechanism should be retained for the 
following reasons:

1. Deploying AES-based ciphersuites is the primary goal

The AES block cipher provides a step up in security  from 3DES including 
true 128 bit (and larger) keys, and a larger block size.  At the same 
time, it provides increased performance across a wide set of platforms.  

The definitions of the AES ciphersuites should introduce only the new 
block cipher, not additional protocol or cryptographic mechanisms that 
would complicate or delay deployment of AES.  If OAEP has benefits for 
TLS it should be introduced as a separate ciphersuite using an existing 
and established encryption mechanism such as 3DES.

2. RSA-OAEP is not required for security

In message to this list on 31 May, David Hopwood said:

"Using OAEP with TLS makes effectively no difference to the provable security
properties of the RSA ciphersuites, assuming that the method described in
section 7.4.7.1 of RFC 2246 is followed (i.e. the premaster secret is replaced
with a random value whenever the PKCS #1 v1.5 block is invalid).

The effect of that method is to prevent chosen ciphertext attacks in much
the same way as the "Simple RSA" scheme described in [Shoup01], which has
a tighter reduction from the RSA problem than OAEP does. To get the same
tightness of reduction when using OAEP in TLS, you would still have to
require that no information is leaked about whether the decryption of the
premaster secret succeeds or not."

So it seems that OAEP adds no benefit for TLS, since the suggested 
method from RFC 2246 must be used in any case.

3. Adding RSA-OAEP adds complexity

Requiring RSA-OAEP for the AES ciphersuites means that implementations 
will need to provide both RSA padding schemes.  In some situations the 
extra code space and complexity won't be a problem, but some memory or 
performance contrained devices would be better off without both 
implemenations.  It is unlikely that AES-only deployments will be 
possible in the near term, so devices will need to implement both old 
and new methods for interoperability reasons.

4. Adding RSA-OAEP delays implementation

This requirement will delay the availability of the new ciphersuites for 
two reasons. First, the time to implement the OAEP padding will delay 
the availability of products with this capability.  Second, testing 
independantly developed products will take longer since the 
interoperability of both OAEP and the AES cipher will need to be tested.

5. Adding RSA-OAEP delays adoption of AES in hardware devices

Many services that use TLS rely on hardware devices to improve the 
performance of TLS or to provide additional security.  These hardware 
devices will need to be updated to provide both the AES cipher, and the 
new RSA-OAEP encryption mechanism.  Hardware updates are typically less 
frequent than updates for software packages, and

6. Alternatives to RSA (PKCS #1 v1.5) are available

The current ID proposes ciphersuites that use either static or ephemeral 
Diffie-Hellman for key exchange.  If a user is particularly concerned 
about attacks on PKCS #1 v1.5 (even though most experts agree that 
appropriate measures have already been taken), they can use one of the 
DH key exchange ciphersuites and avoid the question altogether.

For these reasons, Netscape would prefer to use the existing PKCS #1 
v1.5 padding for AES ciphersuites.

Terry Hayes
thayes@netscape.com <mailto:thayes@netscape.com>




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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 12 14:41:44 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 11:08:49 -0700
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From: "David Mowers" <davemo@microsoft.com>
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First, an introduction: I took over Program Manager responsibilities for
SChannel, Microsoft's implementation of SSL/TLS, last year. I work with
John Banes, our principal Developer for SSL/TLS, in the Windows Security
team. As I settle into my position here at Microsoft, I am looking
forward to taking a more active role in this working group and helping
out where possible in the ongoing efforts to improve TLS.

Back to the issue: It's hard to predict when Microsoft will implement
and deploy the dns_name extension although it is getting a very close
look. I don't think that incrementing the version number will have much
of an effect either way, though, so don't let that turn into a blocking
issue.

Deploying this change in the context of HTTP over TLS (HTTPS) is going
to take some time. Changing the format of the client_hello message has
historically caused lots of grief and various compatibility problems.
There are a lot of internet servers out there and just testing against
them all is a very large effort. 

I think this change is worth doing, but it is going to take some time.

David Mowers
Program Manager
Windows Security

-----Original Message-----
From: Eric Rescorla [mailto:ekr@speedy.rtfm.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 05, 2001 1:46 PM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London


"Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net> writes:
> Incrementing the minor number may complicate whatever somehow.
> But it would certainly "uncomplicate" to great extent the task
> of convincing browser/server vendors to adopt dns_name quickly.
> The fact of matter is: the vendors are not direct beneficiaries
> of dns_name, so they need some extra incentives to move. 
> If we can't tempt them with greed (as all browsers are free), 
> then fear -- the fear of falling behind one TLS revision -- is
> the obvious alternative.
I see no reason to believe that incrementing the version number
will have this effect. Perhaps the representatives from Microsoft
and Netscape would be so good as to offer an opinion here.

-Ekr

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 12 15:23:59 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 12:25:28 -0700
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Thread-Topic: [ietf-tls] Re: London
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From: "Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net>
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David,

Thanks for shedding light on Microsoft's position on the dns_name
extension.  

Taking it as good faith from a major vendor to implement dns_name 
in due time, hopefully soon, I think the TLS revision number has
just become academic, from a CDN's vantage point.  

Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out: 

   dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
   dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
   non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
   non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.

IMHO, Microsoft can do lots of good to help mitigate the migration pain
as we move onto the dns_name-servers:dns_name-browsers world, like
launching the dns_name feature in IE server and browser simultaneously.

Regards,

Joe Hui
Digital Island
====================================================================
-----Original Message-----
From: David Mowers [mailto:davemo@microsoft.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 12, 2001 11:09 AM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London


First, an introduction: I took over Program Manager responsibilities for
SChannel, Microsoft's implementation of SSL/TLS, last year. I work with
John Banes, our principal Developer for SSL/TLS, in the Windows Security
team. As I settle into my position here at Microsoft, I am looking
forward to taking a more active role in this working group and helping
out where possible in the ongoing efforts to improve TLS.

Back to the issue: It's hard to predict when Microsoft will implement
and deploy the dns_name extension although it is getting a very close
look. I don't think that incrementing the version number will have much
of an effect either way, though, so don't let that turn into a blocking
issue.

Deploying this change in the context of HTTP over TLS (HTTPS) is going
to take some time. Changing the format of the client_hello message has
historically caused lots of grief and various compatibility problems.
There are a lot of internet servers out there and just testing against
them all is a very large effort. 

I think this change is worth doing, but it is going to take some time.

David Mowers
Program Manager
Windows Security

-----Original Message-----
From: Eric Rescorla [mailto:ekr@speedy.rtfm.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 05, 2001 1:46 PM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London


"Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net> writes:
> Incrementing the minor number may complicate whatever somehow.
> But it would certainly "uncomplicate" to great extent the task
> of convincing browser/server vendors to adopt dns_name quickly.
> The fact of matter is: the vendors are not direct beneficiaries
> of dns_name, so they need some extra incentives to move. 
> If we can't tempt them with greed (as all browsers are free), 
> then fear -- the fear of falling behind one TLS revision -- is
> the obvious alternative.
I see no reason to believe that incrementing the version number
will have this effect. Perhaps the representatives from Microsoft
and Netscape would be so good as to offer an opinion here.

-Ekr

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 12 17:13:32 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 12 Jul 2001 14:20:30 -0700
In-Reply-To: "Joseph Hui"'s message of "Thu, 12 Jul 2001 12:25:28 -0700"
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"Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net> writes:
> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out: 
> 
>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
> 
> IMHO, Microsoft can do lots of good to help mitigate the migration pain
> as we move onto the dns_name-servers:dns_name-browsers world, like
> launching the dns_name feature in IE server and browser simultaneously.
Actually, the situation is more complicated than this. In theory,
all of these should WORK. It's just a matter of whether name-based
virtual hosting will work. Of course, in practice many servers
may not accept the extended client_hello, but that's a bug in
those servers.

The only situation in which the dns_name client is required or
useful is when talking to a server which uses name-based virtual
hosting. It won't pay off to deploy such servers until suitable
clients are already ubiquitous.

-Ekr





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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 12 17:43:46 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 14:45:20 -0700
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Thread-Topic: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Thread-Index: AcELF8Bhc7USHCffTfqsF4IEhdYbdAAALtqg
From: "Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
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It's reasonable to assume the context of dns_name discussion
to be always name-based virtual hosting.  So the compatibility
issue raised was specific for such practice.  

Anyway, I think it helps and it never hurts to deploy
dns_name-servers prior to the ubiquity of dns_name-clients,
as the dns_name-server:non-dns_name-client case is no worse
than non-dns_name-server:non-dns_name-client (which is
the current situation), and yet half way closer to
the dns_name-servers:dns_name-clients nirvana.
Of course, it's up to individual hosting entities to
decide for themselves the best timing for deployment.  
Yet I bet none of them will complain for having the
implementations available to them too early.

Joe Hui
Digital Island
===================================================================

-----Original Message-----
From: Eric Rescorla [mailto:ekr@speedy.rtfm.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 12, 2001 2:21 PM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London


"Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net> writes:
> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out: 
> 
>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
> 
> IMHO, Microsoft can do lots of good to help mitigate the migration
pain
> as we move onto the dns_name-servers:dns_name-browsers world, like
> launching the dns_name feature in IE server and browser
simultaneously.
Actually, the situation is more complicated than this. In theory,
all of these should WORK. It's just a matter of whether name-based
virtual hosting will work. Of course, in practice many servers
may not accept the extended client_hello, but that's a bug in
those servers.

The only situation in which the dns_name client is required or
useful is when talking to a server which uses name-based virtual
hosting. It won't pay off to deploy such servers until suitable
clients are already ubiquitous.

-Ekr





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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 12 17:54:07 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] London.  Book signing?
Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 14:55:40 -0700
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Eric,

Will you be in London for the TLS meeting?
If you will, I'd like to bring my copy of your book along and
perhaps you'd be so gracious to sign it.

Thanks,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

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Subject: [ietf-tls] RE: London.  Book signing?
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My apology for the wide distribution of my mail meant for only Eric.
(I neglected to check the recipient when I clicked Reply to an
Eric's mail addressed to the TLS mailing list.)

Joe Hui
Digital Island
==================================================

-----Original Message-----
From: Joseph Hui 
Sent: Thursday, July 12, 2001 2:56 PM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] London. Book signing?


Eric,

Will you be in London for the TLS meeting?
If you will, I'd like to bring my copy of your book along and
perhaps you'd be so gracious to sign it.

Thanks,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

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Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 00:30:37 +0100
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-madhu-tls-spki-00.txt>:

>                                                     H. S. Madhusudhana 
> INTERNET-DRAFT                                      V. R. Ramachandran
> Document: draft-madhu-tls-spki-00.txt                           Novell
> Expires: January 11 2002                                  July 11 2001
> 
>         SPKI Certificate Integration with Transport Layer Security
>         (TLS) for Client Authentication and Authorization
...
> 1.      Abstract
> 
>    This document extends version 1.0 of the TLS specification [TLS] to
>    support client SPKI certificates and associated public key
>    algorithms, symmetric ciphers, hash algorithms and the appropriate
>    trust model. The server is required to possess a X.509 certificate
>    for authentication.

The client certificate type is basically orthogonal to the server
certificate type. New server certificate options may be defined in future,
using new ciphersuites. Therefore, this should say something like "The
type of certificate required by the server is defined by the negotiated
ciphersuite (X.509 for the ciphersuites specified in [TLS])."

>    ... [TLS] supports X.509.v3 certificate based
>    authentication and RFC 2712 [KERB-TLS] shows how to extend TLS to
>    Kerberos based authentication within an organization. [OpenPGP]
>    explains extension of TLS to work with OpenPGP keys.

>    [OpenPGP]    W. Price, M. Elkins, " Extensions to TLS for OpenPGP
>                 keys", INTERNET-DRAFT, March 23 2001.

The text should note that this is an I-D, if it is referenced at all.
It could change significantly, or it could be dropped. It would probably
be better just to say that support for other certificate types, for
example OpenPGP, may be added in future.

...
>    SPKI does not require a server to possess a SPKI certificate. In
>    order to facilitate server authentication, the server MUST have a
>    X.509.v3 server certificate.

Same comment as above: the server must have *some* certificate that is
valid for the ciphersuite.

>    The semantics of ServerKeyExchange is not changed from TLS protocol.
>    If the server accepts a SPKI-based cipher suite from the client, it
>    MUST send the CertificateRequest message to the client.

Note "SPKI-based cipher suite", which is explained here:

> 4.      Cipher Suites
> 
>    The CipherSuite field is extended to indicate type of certificate
>    whether SPKI or X509 or OpenPGP. The CipherSuite of the form {0x00,
>    0xMN} indicates use of  X.509.v3 certificate and 0xMN indicates type
>    of public key encryption, signature, shared key encryption and
>    message digest algorithms employed; The CipherSuite {0x01, 0xYZ} is
>    suggested for TLS extension with OpenPGP [OpenPGP]; The CipherSuite
>    {0x02, 0xYZ} is proposed to denote the employment of SPKI
>    certificates.

I don't agree that it's necessary or desirable to encode the *client*
certificate type in the ciphersuite. That is what the ClientCertificateType
field is for. There is no good reason for negotiating the client certificate
type and the ciphersuite together, and that is not how TLS is currently
designed. Currently, a server can specify any client certificate type
in the list it will accept (with the restriction that the *_fixed_dh types
only work for the DH ciphersuites).

The functionality of this draft can be achieved without any new ciphersuites,
just by adding SPKI client certificate types that can be used with the
existing X.509 ciphersuites. That would be simpler, IMHO. I don't think
there is really any need for the client to be able to announce in advance
which certificate types it has; the current method of client cert type
negotiation works fine. If that is considered necessary, though, a client
hello extension would probably be a better way of implementing it.

>    The second byte of CipherSuite for SPKI takes the same
>    value as defined in CipherSuites for X.509.v3 in [TLS] for
>    indicating types of public key encryption, signature, shared key
>    encryption and message digest algorithms employed.
> 
>    For example, the CipherSuite TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA has a
>    value {0x00, 0x12}.

Ciphersuites with symmetric key length <= 56 bits should preferably
not be used in examples.

>    The corresponding cipher suite for SPKI is
>    {0x02, 0x12}. The interpretation of cipher suite for TLS 1.0 is that
>    key exchange is based on ephemeral DH keys which is signed using DSS
>    algorithm by a X.509.v3 certificate issued by CA, the hash algorithm
>    is SHA and the encryption algorithm is DES in CBC mode.

This is unclear. At no point does TLS sign any ephemeral keys in the
format of an X.509 cert, and nothing can be signed *by* a certificate.
Presumably it's intended to mean:

     In the TLS_DHE_DSS_* ciphersuites, the ephemeral DH parameters and
     public key are signed using the DSS algorithm by the server's long-term
     private key; the corresponding public key is certified by an X.509 v3
     certificate.

>    The interpretation for SPKI based security context remains the same
>    except that a SPKI certificate signs the ephemeral DH key.

This seems rather odd; is it really what was intended? It seems to suggest
using SPKI certs for server authentication, not client authentication,
which contradicts what is said in the abstract. Why would using SPKI
for client authentication make any difference to how the DH parameters
and ephemeral key are signed?

>    This specification extends ClientCertificateType as shown in Figure 2
>    to include the server name and details of applications/services on it
>    and to support different kinds of SPKI certificates.
> 
>    TLS defines several kinds of client certificates to facilitate
>    different methods of key exchange and message authentication. The
>    newly defined SPKI certificate types are semantically same as the
>    corresponding X.509.v3 certificate types except for representation
>    in S-expression format. When X.509.v3 client certificate is used,
>    the DistinguishedName field of CertificateRequest message specifies
>    acceptable CA's distinguished names. When SPKI certificate is used
>    by the client, it is proposed to use the DistinguishedName field to
>    specify server name/application name etc. in order to help the
>    client to select the appropriate SPKI certificate.

How is this encoded? Is it shoehorned into the format of a DistinguishedName
somehow? (Note that clients will try to parse it as a DistinguishedName,
especially if we use the existing X.509 ciphersuites, as I suggest.)
Perhaps a client hello extension meaning "I have at least one SPKI client
cert, and I can understand an extended CertificateRequest format." would
help.

>    This is useful
>    because a client may hold multiple SPKI certificates from many
>    servers/applications.
> 
>    +----------------------------------------------------------+
>    |    enum {                                                |
>    |          rsa_sign(1),   dss_sign(2), rsa_fixed_dh(3),    |
>    |          dss_fixed_dh(4), kerberos(5),                   |
>    |          spki_rsa_sign(6),   spki_dss_sign(7),           |
>    |       spki_rsa_fixed_dh(8), spki_dss_fixed_dh(9),        |
>    |       (255)                                              |
>    |    } ClientCertificateType;                              |

Where did kerberos(5) come from? It is not defined in RFC 2712.

SSL 3.0 (draft-freier-ssl-version3-02.txt, which although expired, is
the only current definition of SSL3) has the following:

     enum {
         rsa_sign(1), dss_sign(2), rsa_fixed_dh(3), dss_fixed_dh(4),
         rsa_ephemeral_dh(5), dss_ephemeral_dh(6), fortezza_kea(20),
         (255)
     } ClientCertificateType;

5, 6 and 20 are not defined in TLS, but these numbers should not be
reused arbitrarily. In addition, draft-ietf-tls-ecc-01.txt has

     enum {
         ecdsa_sign(5), rsa_fixed_ecdh(6),
         ecdsa_fixed_ecdh(7), (255)
     } ClientCertificateType;

and draft-ietf-tls-ntru-00.txt has

     enum {
         nss_sign(8), nss_rsa(9), (255)  
     } ClientCertificateType;

I'm rather dubious about adding new *_fixed_dh types; isn't it
correct that the existing *_fixed_dh types are basically never used?
Note that using these types prevents forward secrecy for the DHE
ciphersuites (the same would be true for *_fixed_ecdh and ECDHE).
I therefore suggest:

     enum {
         rsa_sign(1), dss_sign(2), rsa_fixed_dh(3), dss_fixed_dh(4),
         ssl3_reserved_5(5), ssl3_reserved_6(6),
         ecdsa_sign(7),
         nss_sign(8), nss_rsa_sign(9),
         spki_rsa_sign(10), spki_dss_sign(11),
         ssl3_reserved_20(20),
         (255)
     } ClientCertificateType;

with ecdsa_sign, nss_sign and nss_rsa_sign only provisionally
assigned for the moment (I don't agree with much of the ECC draft; it
is too complicated).

>    |                                                          |
>    |    opaque  DistinguishedName <1..2^16-1>;                |
>    |                                                          |
>    | struct {                                                 |
>    |   ClientCertificateType certificate_types<1..2^8-1>;     |
>    |   DistinguishedName certificate_authorities <3..2^16-1>; |
>    |} CertificateRequest;                                     |
>    |                                                          |
>    +----------------------------------------------------------+
>
>         FIGURE 2: Extended ClientCertificateType
> 
>    +-----------------------------------------------+
>    |                                               |
>    | opaque Certificate <1..2^24-1>;               |
>    |                                               |
>    +-----------------------------------------------+
>         FIGURE 3: Certificate Message
> 
>    To get server authorization for access/service, the client MUST
>    respond to the server by sending Certificate Message as in Figure 3
>    In case of SPKI, it is to be noted that Certificate is not an array
>    of elementary certificates as in the case of X.509.v3.

... is not a DER SEQUENCE of ...

> A  Tuple-reduction and authorization computation in a SPKI Certificate

Does Appendix A come directly from [SPKI-JUL 1999]? If so, that should
be stated.


In summary, I think the basic idea of the draft is fine, but it could be
simplified quite a bit by using the existing ciphersuites, rather than
trying to define new ones.

- -- 
David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk>

Home page & PGP public key: http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/hopwood/
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

Eric Rescorla wrote:
> "Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net> writes:
> 
> > It's reasonable to assume the context of dns_name discussion
> > to be always name-based virtual hosting.  So the compatibility
> > issue raised was specific for such practice.
>
> Well, that wasn't the compatibility issue that David was
> raising. There's a serious concern that if clients use this
> extension it will break servers who don't know about it.
> Such servers are broken but that's not much comfort to
> anyone concerned.

Can't the client simply re-connect if the server breaks (as least if it
can determine that this was the reason for the breakage)? SSL/TLS client
libraries already have to be designed in a way that allows them to
re-connect, in order to implement "Server Gated Cryptography" (either
the Microsoft or Netscape version, I can't remember which).

Perhaps we need to test various servers, and if necessary include
workarounds in the extensions draft, before publishing it as an RFC.

Re-connection should also work as a way of fixing the problem of some
SSL servers not tolerating a version number of {3, 1} in the encrypted
pre-master secret. I'll think about that some more and post the details.

- -- 
David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk>

Home page & PGP public key: http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/hopwood/
RSA 2048-bit; fingerprint 71 8E A6 23 0E D3 4C E5  0F 69 8C D4 FA 66 15 01
Nothing in this message is intended to be legally binding. If I revoke a
public key but refuse to specify why, it is because the private key has been
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 02:10:41 2001
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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 12 Jul 2001 22:40:39 -0700
In-Reply-To: "Joseph Hui"'s message of "Thu, 12 Jul 2001 14:45:20 -0700"
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"Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net> writes:

> It's reasonable to assume the context of dns_name discussion
> to be always name-based virtual hosting.  So the compatibility
> issue raised was specific for such practice.  
Well, that wasn't the compatibility issue that David was
raising. There's a serious concern that if clients use this
extension it will break servers who don't know about it.
Such servers are broken but that's not much comfort to
anyone concerned.

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 04:29:15 2001
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From: "David Taylor" <dtaylo11@bigpond.net.au>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: I-D ACTION:draft-madhu-tls-spki-00.txt
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:34:16 +1000
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> >    This specification extends ClientCertificateType as shown in Figure 2
> >    to include the server name and details of applications/services on it
> >    and to support different kinds of SPKI certificates.
> >
> >    TLS defines several kinds of client certificates to facilitate
> >    different methods of key exchange and message authentication. The
> >    newly defined SPKI certificate types are semantically same as the
> >    corresponding X.509.v3 certificate types except for representation
> >    in S-expression format. When X.509.v3 client certificate is used,
> >    the DistinguishedName field of CertificateRequest message specifies
> >    acceptable CA's distinguished names. When SPKI certificate is used
> >    by the client, it is proposed to use the DistinguishedName field to
> >    specify server name/application name etc. in order to help the
> >    client to select the appropriate SPKI certificate.
>
> How is this encoded? Is it shoehorned into the format of a
DistinguishedName
> somehow? (Note that clients will try to parse it as a DistinguishedName,
> especially if we use the existing X.509 ciphersuites, as I suggest.)
> Perhaps a client hello extension meaning "I have at least one SPKI client
> cert, and I can understand an extended CertificateRequest format." would
> help.

What about using a server hello extension (corresponding to the suggested
client hello extension) to advertise this server name/application name data?
Then the certificate request message can still carry the
ClientCertificateType data but not mangle the DistinguishedName element.

If the existing cipher suites are used and the server ignores the client
hello extension, the server hello extension won't be sent so the client will
know it's not going to be able to do SPKI authentication.

This would still allow the existing cipher suites to be used.

Regards,
David Taylor.



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 04:41:46 2001
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From: "Jan Mikkelsen" <janm@transactionsite.com>
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Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:40:38 +1000
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David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk> wrote:
>Eric Rescorla wrote:
>> Well, that wasn't the compatibility issue that David was
>> raising. There's a serious concern that if clients use this
>> extension it will break servers who don't know about it.
>> Such servers are broken but that's not much comfort to
>> anyone concerned.
>
>Can't the client simply re-connect if the server breaks (as least if it
>can determine that this was the reason for the breakage)? SSL/TLS
client
>libraries already have to be designed in a way that allows them to
>re-connect, in order to implement "Server Gated Cryptography" (either
>the Microsoft or Netscape version, I can't remember which).
>
>Perhaps we need to test various servers, and if necessary include
>workarounds in the extensions draft, before publishing it as an RFC.
>
>Re-connection should also work as a way of fixing the problem of some
>SSL servers not tolerating a version number of {3, 1} in the encrypted
>pre-master secret. I'll think about that some more and post the
details.

Some time ago, Jay Kistler did some simple tests against deployed
servers (Apache/OpenSSL, IIS 4, IIS 5, Netscape Enterprise 3.5 & 3.6) by
sending a TLS ClientHello with extra data on the end.

Apache/OpenSSL & IIS 5 successfully established a session, I think the
others failed with a version error.  At the time, our (my, Jay Kistler &
Rene Eberhard) thinking was exactly the same as David's:  That the
client would attempt reconnection with a lower version.  We did the
tests to make sure that servers didn't break outright.

Jan Mikkelsen



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 05:29:53 2001
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From: Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
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On Thu, Jul 12, 2001 at 12:25:28PM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:

> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out: 
> 
>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.

This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and obviously
non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This is
similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.

A more important compatibility issue has not been mentioned yet,
as far as I know:

TLS extensions can only be used in SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 ClientHello
messages, not in SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO messages.  While it is time to
give up the actual SSL 2.0 protocol, the SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO format
still play an important role for protocol version negotiation, and
handshakes usually start using this format.  Clients still cannot rely
on TLS 1.0 being available on all servers, so they must allow for SSL
3.0 to be negotiated as well (and sometimes even SSL 2.0, but I
wouldn't mind giving this up).  In theory, such protocol version
negotiation is no problem -- set client_version to { 0x03, 0x01 }
(= TLS 1.0) in a SSL 3.0 ClientHello (the main difference to a TLS 1.0
ClientHello is the 'version' value in the record header).  In
practice, many buggy servers handle such ClientHello messages
incorrectly, confusing the client_version value (highest protocol
version supported by the client) with the record header version value
(protocol version tolerated by the client), or checking for the wrong
version number in the encrypted PreMasterSecret.

I predict that this will cause more interoperability problems than the
actual TLS extensions.  Ignoring some extra data is not difficult, but
the details of protocol version negotiation are apparently easy to get
wrong -- we only can rely on it to work quite well when using
SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO messages.


-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 05:36:47 2001
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On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 12:47:38AM +0100, David Hopwood wrote:

> Can't the client simply re-connect if the server breaks (as least if it
> can determine that this was the reason for the breakage)? SSL/TLS client
> libraries already have to be designed in a way that allows them to
> re-connect, in order to implement "Server Gated Cryptography" (either
> the Microsoft or Netscape version, I can't remember which).

"Server Gated Cryptography" does not use reconnects, the client just
requests re-negotiation on the exisiting connecton.  But of course
reconnecting after a failed handshake, using a more conservatively
built client hello message, is always an option.


-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: TLS Delegation Protocol
	Author(s)	: K. Jackson, S. Tuecke, D. Engert
	Filename	: draft-ietf-tls-delegation-01.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 12-Jul-01
	
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 11:40:09 2001
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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 13 Jul 2001 08:47:39 -0700
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David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk> writes:
> Can't the client simply re-connect if the server breaks (as least if it
> can determine that this was the reason for the breakage)?
This is the sticking point. Expect to receive a "handshake failed"
alert from the server for pretty much any failure.

> SSL/TLS client
> libraries already have to be designed in a way that allows them to
> re-connect, in order to implement "Server Gated Cryptography" (either
> the Microsoft or Netscape version, I can't remember which).
This isn't the same at all. In order to implement the retry you
suggest you would need to destroy the TCP connection and reinitiate.
You don't do that for either SGC or Step-Up.

What you propose requires logic in the client rather than in
the library.

-Ekr



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 12:39:19 2001
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From: "Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net>
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>From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out: 
>> 
>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
>
>This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and obviously
>non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This is
>similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.

The context of discussion was about dns_name only.  
I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
(What else was the thread about?)

Joe Hui
Digital Island

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From: Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
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On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 09:40:49AM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:
>> From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]

>>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out: 
>>> 
>>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.

>> This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>> ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and obviously
>> non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>> dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>> hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>> server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This is
>> similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.

> The context of discussion was about dns_name only.  
> I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
> (What else was the thread about?)

It is obvious that dns_name can be *used* only if it is supported both
by the client and the server.  Since the server implementation should
be selected depending on the needs of the specific site, why is it a
"compatibility" problem that non-dns_name servers would have to ignore
the dns_name extension?


But TLS extensions can cause compatibility problems even for
connections where they are not needed at all (see my previous
message).  When connecting to an HTTPS server, a browser does not know
whether dns_name is required for this specific connection or not.
Thus the dns_name extension would have to appear in *all* connection
attempts (ruling out use of the SSL 2.0 client hello format), and
*this* is a possible source of compatibility nightmares.


-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 13 14:39:07 2001
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To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
From: Win Treese <treese@acm.org>
Subject: [ietf-tls] AES, OAEP, and TLS
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:36:54 -0400
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[I tried to send this several days ago, but a conspiracy of mailer
failures kept it from appearing on the list. --WT]

Since I understood that NIST was encouraging the use of OAEP with AES
cryptosystems, I asked Tim Polk at NIST for some more
background. Here's what he said:


    The basic NIST position is that the standard PKCS #1 V1.5 padding can
    and should be improved upon.  As we transition to AES, we are already
    needing to support bigger keys, etc. so it makes sense to upgrade the
    padding at the same time.  We could probably argue forever about
    padding schemes, but OAEP presents a clear improvement that everyone
    should be able to support.

    The NIST strategy for RSA-based key management in AES ciphersuites
    will utilize OAEP padding.  We presume these cryptographic modules
    will be used to support a variety of protocols, so we want a padding
    technique that is secure for the broadest range of protocols.  The
    advantages of OAEP may not be relevant in some protocols, but it
    doesn't seem to present any problem in those protocols.

    We recognize that there is a cost, particularly when implementing new
    techniques in hardware.  However, many of these accelerators would
    need to be updated anyway to handle the larger key sizes that make
    sense now that we're using 128-bit and larger symmetric keys.

    NIST is also working to promote this position in the ANSI X9 standards
    community, in particular on the ANSI X9.44 RSA Key Management
    standard.  We would like to see standards in the IETF like TLS specify
    consistent ciphersuites as well.


Win Treese
Chair, TLS Working Group
treese@acm.org

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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:02:55 -0700
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From: "Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net>
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>From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>
>On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 09:40:49AM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:
>>> From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>>>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>>>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out:
>>>>
>>>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
>
>>> This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>>> ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and
obviously
>>> non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>>> dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>>> hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>>> server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This
is
>>> similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.
>
>> The context of discussion was about dns_name only.
>> I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
>> (What else was the thread about?)
>
>It is obvious that dns_name can be *used* only if it is supported both
>by the client and the server.  Since the server implementation should
>be selected depending on the needs of the specific site, why is it a
>"compatibility" problem that non-dns_name servers would have to ignore
>the dns_name extension?

First of all, I think the quoted text was taken out of context.
For starter, the sentence where I made my point had been omitted.
(The quoted part was only the preamble.)  My point was to appeal to
vendors to do the best they can to mitigate the migration pain,
as migrate we must, having established dns_name is worth doing. 
I might be guilty of overstating the obvious.
But hey, traffic signs too are obvious, yet accidents abound.
Look where we're at now with this thread, where not everything was
made perfectly clear.

Why a problem?  Suffice to say, as long as the
dns_name-server:dns_name-browsers state hasn't been achieved, we have
a problem, practicing secured virtual hosting.  I'm comfortable in
characterizing the problem as compatibility related, especially
during the roll-out stage, taking into consideration of what best to
inform the end users during the transition period, e.g. on an http
page, say "You need a xyz compatible browser to login.  Click here
to get the https page, click there to download the xyz patch.
blah blah blah ..."  This may not be the same characterization
of "compatibility" you had in mind.  Yours might be more intrinsic
to the TLS semantics, I guess.

>But TLS extensions can cause compatibility problems even for
>connections where they are not needed at all (see my previous
>message).  When connecting to an HTTPS server, a browser does not know
>whether dns_name is required for this specific connection or not.
>Thus the dns_name extension would have to appear in *all* connection
>attempts (ruling out use of the SSL 2.0 client hello format), and
>*this* is a possible source of compatibility nightmares.

This is yet another compatibility issue that merits to be addressed
in a separate thread.  It raises a good point, because we should cover
all corners, bending backwards to be backward-compatibility-friendly.
Having said that, I should also say, going out on a limp, even
contortionists have limits.
Extrapolating from the success of the 128-bit roll-out, we may
not have to lose sleep over this.  E.g. there're more than few
128-bit commercial sites that tell users to upgrade or get lost.
So far I've heard no complaints, not to make light of the situation.

Now, I think I've gotten enough mileage out of this thread, which has
served the purpose of granting dns_name the attention it deserves from
vendors/implementers.  

To continue the discourse on compatibility issues, which appear to
be many. I suggest a new thread be created for each of them, for
the sake of clarity and posterity.

Cheers,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:02:55 -0700
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>From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>
>On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 09:40:49AM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:
>>> From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>>>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>>>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out:
>>>>
>>>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
>
>>> This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>>> ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and
obviously
>>> non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>>> dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>>> hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>>> server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This
is
>>> similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.
>
>> The context of discussion was about dns_name only.
>> I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
>> (What else was the thread about?)
>
>It is obvious that dns_name can be *used* only if it is supported both
>by the client and the server.  Since the server implementation should
>be selected depending on the needs of the specific site, why is it a
>"compatibility" problem that non-dns_name servers would have to ignore
>the dns_name extension?

First of all, I think the quoted text was taken out of context.
For starter, the sentence where I made my point had been omitted.
(The quoted part was only the preamble.)  My point was to appeal to
vendors to do the best they can to mitigate the migration pain,
as migrate we must, having established dns_name is worth doing. 
I might be guilty of overstating the obvious.
But hey, traffic signs too are obvious, yet accidents abound.
Look where we're at now with this thread, where not everything was
made perfectly clear.

Why a problem?  Suffice to say, as long as the
dns_name-server:dns_name-browsers state hasn't been achieved, we have
a problem, practicing secured virtual hosting.  I'm comfortable in
characterizing the problem as compatibility related, especially
during the roll-out stage, taking into consideration of what best to
inform the end users during the transition period, e.g. on an http
page, say "You need a xyz compatible browser to login.  Click here
to get the https page, click there to download the xyz patch.
blah blah blah ..."  This may not be the same characterization
of "compatibility" you had in mind.  Yours might be more intrinsic
to the TLS semantics, I guess.

>But TLS extensions can cause compatibility problems even for
>connections where they are not needed at all (see my previous
>message).  When connecting to an HTTPS server, a browser does not know
>whether dns_name is required for this specific connection or not.
>Thus the dns_name extension would have to appear in *all* connection
>attempts (ruling out use of the SSL 2.0 client hello format), and
>*this* is a possible source of compatibility nightmares.

This is yet another compatibility issue that merits to be addressed
in a separate thread.  It raises a good point, because we should cover
all corners, bending backwards to be backward-compatibility-friendly.
Having said that, I should also say, going out on a limp, even
contortionists have limits.
Extrapolating from the success of the 128-bit roll-out, we may
not have to lose sleep over this.  E.g. there're more than few
128-bit commercial sites that tell users to upgrade or get lost.
So far I've heard no complaints, not to make light of the situation.

Now, I think I've gotten enough mileage out of this thread, which has
served the purpose of granting dns_name the attention it deserves from
vendors/implementers.  

To continue the discourse on compatibility issues, which appear to
be many. I suggest a new thread be created for each of them, for
the sake of clarity and posterity.

Cheers,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:02:55 -0700
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Thread-Index: AcELvZANq7aipB9rRhyegqVRcuUeWwAAu0wg
From: "Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net>
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>From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>
>On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 09:40:49AM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:
>>> From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>>>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>>>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out:
>>>>
>>>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
>
>>> This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>>> ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and
obviously
>>> non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>>> dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>>> hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>>> server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This
is
>>> similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.
>
>> The context of discussion was about dns_name only.
>> I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
>> (What else was the thread about?)
>
>It is obvious that dns_name can be *used* only if it is supported both
>by the client and the server.  Since the server implementation should
>be selected depending on the needs of the specific site, why is it a
>"compatibility" problem that non-dns_name servers would have to ignore
>the dns_name extension?

First of all, I think the quoted text was taken out of context.
For starter, the sentence where I made my point had been omitted.
(The quoted part was only the preamble.)  My point was to appeal to
vendors to do the best they can to mitigate the migration pain,
as migrate we must, having established dns_name is worth doing. 
I might be guilty of overstating the obvious.
But hey, traffic signs too are obvious, yet accidents abound.
Look where we're at now with this thread, where not everything was
made perfectly clear.

Why a problem?  Suffice to say, as long as the
dns_name-server:dns_name-browsers state hasn't been achieved, we have
a problem, practicing secured virtual hosting.  I'm comfortable in
characterizing the problem as compatibility related, especially
during the roll-out stage, taking into consideration of what best to
inform the end users during the transition period, e.g. on an http
page, say "You need a xyz compatible browser to login.  Click here
to get the https page, click there to download the xyz patch.
blah blah blah ..."  This may not be the same characterization
of "compatibility" you had in mind.  Yours might be more intrinsic
to the TLS semantics, I guess.

>But TLS extensions can cause compatibility problems even for
>connections where they are not needed at all (see my previous
>message).  When connecting to an HTTPS server, a browser does not know
>whether dns_name is required for this specific connection or not.
>Thus the dns_name extension would have to appear in *all* connection
>attempts (ruling out use of the SSL 2.0 client hello format), and
>*this* is a possible source of compatibility nightmares.

This is yet another compatibility issue that merits to be addressed
in a separate thread.  It raises a good point, because we should cover
all corners, bending backwards to be backward-compatibility-friendly.
Having said that, I should also say, going out on a limp, even
contortionists have limits.
Extrapolating from the success of the 128-bit roll-out, we may
not have to lose sleep over this.  E.g. there're more than few
128-bit commercial sites that tell users to upgrade or get lost.
So far I've heard no complaints, not to make light of the situation.

Now, I think I've gotten enough mileage out of this thread, which has
served the purpose of granting dns_name the attention it deserves from
vendors/implementers.  

To continue the discourse on compatibility issues, which appear to
be many. I suggest a new thread be created for each of them, for
the sake of clarity and posterity.

Cheers,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:02:55 -0700
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>From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>
>On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 09:40:49AM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:
>>> From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>>>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>>>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out:
>>>>
>>>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
>
>>> This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>>> ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and
obviously
>>> non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>>> dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>>> hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>>> server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This
is
>>> similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.
>
>> The context of discussion was about dns_name only.
>> I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
>> (What else was the thread about?)
>
>It is obvious that dns_name can be *used* only if it is supported both
>by the client and the server.  Since the server implementation should
>be selected depending on the needs of the specific site, why is it a
>"compatibility" problem that non-dns_name servers would have to ignore
>the dns_name extension?

First of all, I think the quoted text was taken out of context.
For starter, the sentence where I made my point had been omitted.
(The quoted part was only the preamble.)  My point was to appeal to
vendors to do the best they can to mitigate the migration pain,
as migrate we must, having established dns_name is worth doing. 
I might be guilty of overstating the obvious.
But hey, traffic signs too are obvious, yet accidents abound.
Look where we're at now with this thread, where not everything was
made perfectly clear.

Why a problem?  Suffice to say, as long as the
dns_name-server:dns_name-browsers state hasn't been achieved, we have
a problem, practicing secured virtual hosting.  I'm comfortable in
characterizing the problem as compatibility related, especially
during the roll-out stage, taking into consideration of what best to
inform the end users during the transition period, e.g. on an http
page, say "You need a xyz compatible browser to login.  Click here
to get the https page, click there to download the xyz patch.
blah blah blah ..."  This may not be the same characterization
of "compatibility" you had in mind.  Yours might be more intrinsic
to the TLS semantics, I guess.

>But TLS extensions can cause compatibility problems even for
>connections where they are not needed at all (see my previous
>message).  When connecting to an HTTPS server, a browser does not know
>whether dns_name is required for this specific connection or not.
>Thus the dns_name extension would have to appear in *all* connection
>attempts (ruling out use of the SSL 2.0 client hello format), and
>*this* is a possible source of compatibility nightmares.

This is yet another compatibility issue that merits to be addressed
in a separate thread.  It raises a good point, because we should cover
all corners, bending backwards to be backward-compatibility-friendly.
Having said that, I should also say, going out on a limp, even
contortionists have limits.
Extrapolating from the success of the 128-bit roll-out, we may
not have to lose sleep over this.  E.g. there're more than few
128-bit commercial sites that tell users to upgrade or get lost.
So far I've heard no complaints, not to make light of the situation.

Now, I think I've gotten enough mileage out of this thread, which has
served the purpose of granting dns_name the attention it deserves from
vendors/implementers.  

To continue the discourse on compatibility issues, which appear to
be many. I suggest a new thread be created for each of them, for
the sake of clarity and posterity.

Cheers,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

---
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Sat Jul 14 08:13:35 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:02:55 -0700
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>From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>
>On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 09:40:49AM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:
>>> From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>>>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>>>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out:
>>>>
>>>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
>
>>> This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>>> ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and
obviously
>>> non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>>> dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>>> hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>>> server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This
is
>>> similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.
>
>> The context of discussion was about dns_name only.
>> I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
>> (What else was the thread about?)
>
>It is obvious that dns_name can be *used* only if it is supported both
>by the client and the server.  Since the server implementation should
>be selected depending on the needs of the specific site, why is it a
>"compatibility" problem that non-dns_name servers would have to ignore
>the dns_name extension?

First of all, I think the quoted text was taken out of context.
For starter, the sentence where I made my point had been omitted.
(The quoted part was only the preamble.)  My point was to appeal to
vendors to do the best they can to mitigate the migration pain,
as migrate we must, having established dns_name is worth doing. 
I might be guilty of overstating the obvious.
But hey, traffic signs too are obvious, yet accidents abound.
Look where we're at now with this thread, where not everything was
made perfectly clear.

Why a problem?  Suffice to say, as long as the
dns_name-server:dns_name-browsers state hasn't been achieved, we have
a problem, practicing secured virtual hosting.  I'm comfortable in
characterizing the problem as compatibility related, especially
during the roll-out stage, taking into consideration of what best to
inform the end users during the transition period, e.g. on an http
page, say "You need a xyz compatible browser to login.  Click here
to get the https page, click there to download the xyz patch.
blah blah blah ..."  This may not be the same characterization
of "compatibility" you had in mind.  Yours might be more intrinsic
to the TLS semantics, I guess.

>But TLS extensions can cause compatibility problems even for
>connections where they are not needed at all (see my previous
>message).  When connecting to an HTTPS server, a browser does not know
>whether dns_name is required for this specific connection or not.
>Thus the dns_name extension would have to appear in *all* connection
>attempts (ruling out use of the SSL 2.0 client hello format), and
>*this* is a possible source of compatibility nightmares.

This is yet another compatibility issue that merits to be addressed
in a separate thread.  It raises a good point, because we should cover
all corners, bending backwards to be backward-compatibility-friendly.
Having said that, I should also say, going out on a limp, even
contortionists have limits.
Extrapolating from the success of the 128-bit roll-out, we may
not have to lose sleep over this.  E.g. there're more than few
128-bit commercial sites that tell users to upgrade or get lost.
So far I've heard no complaints, not to make light of the situation.

Now, I think I've gotten enough mileage out of this thread, which has
served the purpose of granting dns_name the attention it deserves from
vendors/implementers.  

To continue the discourse on compatibility issues, which appear to
be many. I suggest a new thread be created for each of them, for
the sake of clarity and posterity.

Cheers,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

---
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Sun Jul 15 00:23:39 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:02:55 -0700
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Thread-Index: AcELvZANq7aipB9rRhyegqVRcuUeWwAAu0wg
From: "Joseph Hui" <jhui@digisle.net>
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>From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>
>On Fri, Jul 13, 2001 at 09:40:49AM -0700, Joseph Hui wrote:
>>> From: Bodo Moeller [mailto:moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de]
>>>> Maybe now it's a good time to bring up an issue of compatibility
>>>> that may cause grief during the dns_name roll-out:
>>>>
>>>>    dsn_name-server     : dns_name-browser,     works;
>>>>    dns_name-server     : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : dns_name-browser,     doesn't work;
>>>>    non-dns_name-server : non-dns_name-browser, doesn't work.
>
>>> This is misleading.  SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to
>>> ignore extra data at the end of the ClientHello message, and
obviously
>>> non-dns_name servers would only be used in situations where the
>>> dns_name extension is not needed (i.e., no name-based virtual
>>> hosting).  Thus the only configuration that is problematic is when a
>>> server requires dns_name, but the client does not support it.  This
is
>>> similar to the HTTP "Host" header situation some time ago.
>
>> The context of discussion was about dns_name only.
>> I.e. the tabulation was only meant for dns_name deployment.
>> (What else was the thread about?)
>
>It is obvious that dns_name can be *used* only if it is supported both
>by the client and the server.  Since the server implementation should
>be selected depending on the needs of the specific site, why is it a
>"compatibility" problem that non-dns_name servers would have to ignore
>the dns_name extension?

First of all, I think the quoted text was taken out of context.
For starter, the sentence where I made my point had been omitted.
(The quoted part was only the preamble.)  My point was to appeal to
vendors to do the best they can to mitigate the migration pain,
as migrate we must, having established dns_name is worth doing. 
I might be guilty of overstating the obvious.
But hey, traffic signs too are obvious, yet accidents abound.
Look where we're at now with this thread, where not everything was
made perfectly clear.

Why a problem?  Suffice to say, as long as the
dns_name-server:dns_name-browsers state hasn't been achieved, we have
a problem, practicing secured virtual hosting.  I'm comfortable in
characterizing the problem as compatibility related, especially
during the roll-out stage, taking into consideration of what best to
inform the end users during the transition period, e.g. on an http
page, say "You need a xyz compatible browser to login.  Click here
to get the https page, click there to download the xyz patch.
blah blah blah ..."  This may not be the same characterization
of "compatibility" you had in mind.  Yours might be more intrinsic
to the TLS semantics, I guess.

>But TLS extensions can cause compatibility problems even for
>connections where they are not needed at all (see my previous
>message).  When connecting to an HTTPS server, a browser does not know
>whether dns_name is required for this specific connection or not.
>Thus the dns_name extension would have to appear in *all* connection
>attempts (ruling out use of the SSL 2.0 client hello format), and
>*this* is a possible source of compatibility nightmares.

This is yet another compatibility issue that merits to be addressed
in a separate thread.  It raises a good point, because we should cover
all corners, bending backwards to be backward-compatibility-friendly.
Having said that, I should also say, going out on a limp, even
contortionists have limits.
Extrapolating from the success of the 128-bit roll-out, we may
not have to lose sleep over this.  E.g. there're more than few
128-bit commercial sites that tell users to upgrade or get lost.
So far I've heard no complaints, not to make light of the situation.

Now, I think I've gotten enough mileage out of this thread, which has
served the purpose of granting dns_name the attention it deserves from
vendors/implementers.  

To continue the discourse on compatibility issues, which appear to
be many. I suggest a new thread be created for each of them, for
the sake of clarity and posterity.

Cheers,

Joe Hui
Digital Island

---
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Sun Jul 15 10:12:46 2001
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From: pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz (Peter Gutmann)
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re:  Re: London
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

>SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to ignore extra data at the end of
>the ClientHello message, 

The servers are required to ignore extra data, and implementors may even have
tried to implement this, but until clients come along which include extra data
it won't be possible to tell whether they handle this properly or not.  It may
well be that some widely-deployed server doesn't get it quite right, which will
cause serious deployment problems.

>TLS extensions can only be used in SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 ClientHello messages,
>not in SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO messages.  While it is time to give up the actual
>SSL 2.0 protocol, the SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO format still play an important role
>for protocol version negotiation, and handshakes usually start using this
>format.

Only Netscape does it, I've never seen IE start with v2 (in fact Netscape
always sends a v2 hello no matter what you do, even with SSLv2 turned off).
Given that IE doesn't send a v2 hello, I think it's safe to assume that
everything can handle v3 hellos.

Peter.


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Sun Jul 15 18:20:50 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re:  Re: London
Date: Sun, 15 Jul 2001 15:20:34 -0700
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Peter Gutmann [mailto:pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz]
> Sent: Sunday, July 15, 2001 7:13 PM
> To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
> Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: Re: London
> 
> 
> Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:
> 
> >SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 servers are required to ignore extra 
> data at the end of
> >the ClientHello message, 
> 
> The servers are required to ignore extra data, and 
> implementors may even have
> tried to implement this, but until clients come along which 
> include extra data
> it won't be possible to tell whether they handle this 
> properly or not.  It may
> well be that some widely-deployed server doesn't get it quite 
> right, which will
> cause serious deployment problems.

Agreed. Odds are, one or more major SSL server implementations will choke when faced with a client_hello message that contains extra data.

> 
> >TLS extensions can only be used in SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 
> ClientHello messages,
> >not in SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO messages.  While it is time to 
> give up the actual
> >SSL 2.0 protocol, the SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO format still play 
> an important role
> >for protocol version negotiation, and handshakes usually 
> start using this
> >format.
> 
> Only Netscape does it, I've never seen IE start with v2 (in 
> fact Netscape
> always sends a v2 hello no matter what you do, even with 
> SSLv2 turned off).
> Given that IE doesn't send a v2 hello, I think it's safe to 
> assume that
> everything can handle v3 hellos.
> 

Internet Explorer sends an SSL2-format client_hello message by default, since the SSL2 protocol is still enabled by default. IE does send an SSL3-format client_hello message if the user has disabled the SSL2 protocol, though. 

Regards,

John Banes
Microsoft Corp.


> Peter.
> 
> 
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 04:38:57 2001
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From: Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
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On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 02:13:27AM +1200, Peter Gutmann wrote:

>> TLS extensions can only be used in SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 ClientHello messages,
>> not in SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO messages.  While it is time to give up the actual
>> SSL 2.0 protocol, the SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO format still play an important role
>> for protocol version negotiation, and handshakes usually start using this
>> format.

> Only Netscape does it, I've never seen IE start with v2 (in fact Netscape
> always sends a v2 hello no matter what you do, even with SSLv2 turned off).
> Given that IE doesn't send a v2 hello, I think it's safe to assume that
> everything can handle v3 hellos.

Last I checked (Windows 2000 Professional, IE 5.50.whatever), IE still
had SSL 2.0 support enabled by default, so it used the SSL 2.0
CLIENT-HELLO format.  If you disabled SSL 2.0 and enabled TLS 1.0 (the
latter was disabled by default), it did not use the SSL 3.0
ClientHello format as it should have done, but the TLS 1.0 ClientHello
format; that is, the record header contained a 'version' value of
{0x03, 0x01}, i.e. the 'client_version' value, while it should contain
{0x03, 0x00} for backwards compatibility.

With ClientHellos built like this, IE avoided the bug in servers that
use 'version' where they should use 'client_version' -- in those
ClientHellos, these two were the same value, after all.

Using the SSL 3.0 ClientHello format for backwards compatibility may
or may not work well in practice.  IE does not prove that it does.


-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From: pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz (Peter Gutmann)
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

>Last I checked (Windows 2000 Professional, IE 5.50.whatever), IE still had SSL
>2.0 support enabled by default, so it used the SSL 2.0 CLIENT-HELLO format.

Ah, sorry, my message wasn't very clear: If you disable SSLv2 (which I always
do), MSIE works as expected but Netscape still sends an SSLv2 handshake.

>If you disabled SSL 2.0 and enabled TLS 1.0 (the latter was disabled by
>default), it did not use the SSL 3.0 ClientHello format as it should have
>done, but the TLS 1.0 ClientHello format; that is, the record header contained
>a 'version' value of {0x03, 0x01}, i.e. the 'client_version' value, while it
>should contain {0x03, 0x00} for backwards compatibility.

That's correct isn't it? RFC 2246 says:

  TLS clients who wish to negotiate with SSL 3.0 servers should send client
  hello messages using the SSL 3.0 record format and client hello structure,
  sending {3, 1} for the version field to note that they support TLS 1.0. If
  the server supports only SSL 3.0, it will respond with an SSL 3.0 server
  hello; if it supports TLS, with a TLS server hello. The negotiation then
  proceeds as appropriate for the negotiated protocol.

(Why is TLS disabled by default in MSIE?  I always enable it at the same time I
 disable SSLv2, and it's never caused me any problems).

Peter.


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 10:09:20 2001
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:
> Last I checked (Windows 2000 Professional, IE 5.50.whatever), IE still
> had SSL 2.0 support enabled by default, so it used the SSL 2.0
> CLIENT-HELLO format.  If you disabled SSL 2.0 and enabled TLS 1.0 (the
> latter was disabled by default), it did not use the SSL 3.0
> ClientHello format as it should have done, but the TLS 1.0 ClientHello
> format; that is, the record header contained a 'version' value of
> {0x03, 0x01}, i.e. the 'client_version' value, while it should contain
> {0x03, 0x00} for backwards compatibility.
This sounds like the correct behavior to me.

> With ClientHellos built like this, IE avoided the bug in servers that
> use 'version' where they should use 'client_version' -- in those
> ClientHellos, these two were the same value, after all.
As I understood it, the client_version/version problem was about
checking in the PMS decryption process. Is there any server which
is confused about version checking in the record layer?

-Ekr
	

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On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:16:42AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

>> Last I checked (Windows 2000 Professional, IE 5.50.whatever), IE still
>> had SSL 2.0 support enabled by default, so it used the SSL 2.0
>> CLIENT-HELLO format.  If you disabled SSL 2.0 and enabled TLS 1.0 (the
>> latter was disabled by default), it did not use the SSL 3.0
>> ClientHello format as it should have done, but the TLS 1.0 ClientHello
>> format; that is, the record header contained a 'version' value of
>> {0x03, 0x01}, i.e. the 'client_version' value, while it should contain
>> {0x03, 0x00} for backwards compatibility.

> This sounds like the correct behavior to me.

Which one?  RFC 2246 appendix E says that the SSL 3.0 record format
should be used for connection attempts if SSL 3.0 backwards
compatibility is desired.  Thus 'version' in the record headers ('The
version of the protocol being employed') should be {0x03, 0x00}, while
'client_version' in the actual ClientHello message ('The version of
the TLS protocol by which the client wishes to communicate during this
session') must be {0x03, 0x01}.  Of course, as long as ClientHello
formats stay consistent, servers can simply ignore the minor digit of
the record header 'version' field.


>> With ClientHellos built like this, IE avoided the bug in servers that
>> use 'version' where they should use 'client_version' -- in those
>> ClientHellos, these two were the same value, after all.

> As I understood it, the client_version/version problem was about
> checking in the PMS decryption process. Is there any server which
> is confused about version checking in the record layer?

I'm not sure I understand this question.  If a server uses 'version'
instead of 'client_version' for premaster secret decryption
verification and the values odiffer, then the handshake quite simply
will fail.


-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 10:41:15 2001
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On Tue, Jul 17, 2001 at 01:52:03AM +1200, Peter Gutmann wrote:

>> If you disabled SSL 2.0 and enabled TLS 1.0 (the latter was disabled by
>> default), it did not use the SSL 3.0 ClientHello format as it should have
>> done, but the TLS 1.0 ClientHello format; that is, the record header contained
>> a 'version' value of {0x03, 0x01}, i.e. the 'client_version' value, while it
>> should contain {0x03, 0x00} for backwards compatibility.

> That's correct isn't it? RFC 2246 says:
> 
>   TLS clients who wish to negotiate with SSL 3.0 servers should send client
>   hello messages using the SSL 3.0 record format and client hello structure,
>   sending {3, 1} for the version field to note that they support TLS 1.0. If
>   the server supports only SSL 3.0, it will respond with an SSL 3.0 server
>   hello; if it supports TLS, with a TLS server hello. The negotiation then
>   proceeds as appropriate for the negotiated protocol.

'The version field' is singular, so this refers just to the version
field of the ClientHello message, i.e. client_version.

The complete wording 'sending {3, 1} for the version field to note
that they support TLS 1.0' also suggests that this is about
client_version, because client_version's purpose is to name
'the latest (highest valued) version supported by the client'.

The record header 'version' field names '[the] version of the protocol
being employed', i.e. 3.0 in this case.  Otherwise it would be the
TLS 1.0 record format, not the SSL 3.0 record format.



-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 10:51:39 2001
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:
> Which one?  RFC 2246 appendix E says that the SSL 3.0 record format
> should be used for connection attempts if SSL 3.0 backwards
> compatibility is desired.  Thus 'version' in the record headers ('The
> version of the protocol being employed') should be {0x03, 0x00}, while
> 'client_version' in the actual ClientHello message ('The version of
> the TLS protocol by which the client wishes to communicate during this
> session') must be {0x03, 0x01}.  Of course, as long as ClientHello
> formats stay consistent, servers can simply ignore the minor digit of
> the record header 'version' field.
Actually, I'm not sure that I read it this way. Here's the text:

   TLS version 1.0 and SSL 3.0 are very similar; thus, supporting both
   is easy. TLS clients who wish to negotiate with SSL 3.0 servers
   should send client hello messages using the SSL 3.0 record format and
   client hello structure, sending {3, 1} for the version field to note
   that they support TLS 1.0. If the server supports only SSL 3.0, it
   will respond with an SSL 3.0 server hello; if it supports TLS, with a
   TLS server hello. The negotiation then proceeds as appropriate for
   the negotiated protocol.

It seems to me that one could read this as indicating that you should
use the SSLv3 record format but substitute the version field (which
would make it the TLS record format, I suppose). Perhaps we should
ask what the desired behavior is so we can fix it before we go to Draft.

> >> With ClientHellos built like this, IE avoided the bug in servers that
> >> use 'version' where they should use 'client_version' -- in those
> >> ClientHellos, these two were the same value, after all.
> 
> > As I understood it, the client_version/version problem was about
> > checking in the PMS decryption process. Is there any server which
> > is confused about version checking in the record layer?
> 
> I'm not sure I understand this question.  If a server uses 'version'
> instead of 'client_version' for premaster secret decryption
> verification and the values odiffer, then the handshake quite simply
> will fail.
There are a number of values to consider
(1) The version number in the record header of the client_hello
(2) The version number in the client_hello message (the client_version)
(3) The negotiated version (in the server_hello)
(4) The version number in the record header of server_hello
and subsequent messages.
(5) The version number in the PMS.

The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
comparison.

On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
server hello.

Have I missed something?

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 11:05:41 2001
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On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:59:08AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:

[...]
>>>> With ClientHellos built like this, IE avoided the bug in servers that
>>>> use 'version' where they should use 'client_version' -- in those
>>>> ClientHellos, these two were the same value, after all.

>>> As I understood it, the client_version/version problem was about
>>> checking in the PMS decryption process. Is there any server which
>>> is confused about version checking in the record layer?

>> I'm not sure I understand this question.  If a server uses 'version'
>> instead of 'client_version' for premaster secret decryption
>> verification and the values odiffer, then the handshake quite simply
>> will fail.

> There are a number of values to consider
> (1) The version number in the record header of the client_hello
> (2) The version number in the client_hello message (the client_version)
> (3) The negotiated version (in the server_hello)
> (4) The version number in the record header of server_hello
> and subsequent messages.
> (5) The version number in the PMS.
> 
> The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
> the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
> value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
> of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
> comparison.

Some servers (including all version of SSLeay with SSL 3.0 support and
OpenSSL before release 0.9.5) use the version number from the
ClientHello's record header when they should have used the
client_version value appearing in the actual message.  If the former
is lower than the latter, the server will negotiate the wrong version,
which breaks the handshake in the case of ciphersuites with
RSA-encrypted premaster secrets.


> On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
> highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
> server hello.

Exactly; this is why clients probably should use the lower version
number in the record header.  (But servers shouldn't really insist on
any particular minor version number in the record headers -- there
does not appear to be any advantage in looking at this value.)


-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 16 Jul 2001 08:23:58 -0700
In-Reply-To: Bodo Moeller's message of "Mon, 16 Jul 2001 17:06:28 +0200"
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

> On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:59:08AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
> > the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
> > value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
> > of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
> > comparison.
> 
> Some servers (including all version of SSLeay with SSL 3.0 support and
> OpenSSL before release 0.9.5) use the version number from the
> ClientHello's record header when they should have used the
> client_version value appearing in the actual message.  If the former
> is lower than the latter, the server will negotiate the wrong version,
> which breaks the handshake in the case of ciphersuites with
> RSA-encrypted premaster secrets.
I see. Interesting bug. 

I thought you were talking about a different PMS-related bug--using
the negotiated version instead of the client's offered version
for the PMS version. This bug can happen even if the record
version number and the client_version are the same.

> > On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
> > highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
> > server hello.
> 
> Exactly; this is why clients probably should use the lower version
> number in the record header.  (But servers shouldn't really insist on
> any particular minor version number in the record headers -- there
> does not appear to be any advantage in looking at this value.)
I agree.

-Ekr


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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 16 Jul 2001 08:23:58 -0700
In-Reply-To: Bodo Moeller's message of "Mon, 16 Jul 2001 17:06:28 +0200"
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

> On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:59:08AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
> > the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
> > value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
> > of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
> > comparison.
> 
> Some servers (including all version of SSLeay with SSL 3.0 support and
> OpenSSL before release 0.9.5) use the version number from the
> ClientHello's record header when they should have used the
> client_version value appearing in the actual message.  If the former
> is lower than the latter, the server will negotiate the wrong version,
> which breaks the handshake in the case of ciphersuites with
> RSA-encrypted premaster secrets.
I see. Interesting bug. 

I thought you were talking about a different PMS-related bug--using
the negotiated version instead of the client's offered version
for the PMS version. This bug can happen even if the record
version number and the client_version are the same.

> > On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
> > highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
> > server hello.
> 
> Exactly; this is why clients probably should use the lower version
> number in the record header.  (But servers shouldn't really insist on
> any particular minor version number in the record headers -- there
> does not appear to be any advantage in looking at this value.)
I agree.

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 14:02:38 2001
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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 16 Jul 2001 08:23:58 -0700
In-Reply-To: Bodo Moeller's message of "Mon, 16 Jul 2001 17:06:28 +0200"
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

> On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:59:08AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
> > the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
> > value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
> > of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
> > comparison.
> 
> Some servers (including all version of SSLeay with SSL 3.0 support and
> OpenSSL before release 0.9.5) use the version number from the
> ClientHello's record header when they should have used the
> client_version value appearing in the actual message.  If the former
> is lower than the latter, the server will negotiate the wrong version,
> which breaks the handshake in the case of ciphersuites with
> RSA-encrypted premaster secrets.
I see. Interesting bug. 

I thought you were talking about a different PMS-related bug--using
the negotiated version instead of the client's offered version
for the PMS version. This bug can happen even if the record
version number and the client_version are the same.

> > On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
> > highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
> > server hello.
> 
> Exactly; this is why clients probably should use the lower version
> number in the record header.  (But servers shouldn't really insist on
> any particular minor version number in the record headers -- there
> does not appear to be any advantage in looking at this value.)
I agree.

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 15:03:20 2001
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David, 

Thank you for your thoughts on the dns_name extension.  Do you have any 
comments/plans for the other extensions (which were previously referred 
to as wireless extensions)?  Your message only mentions dns_name which 
is one specific extension defined in draft-ietf-tls-extensions-00.txt. 


Nokia 
Mobile: (607)227-2933 
e-mail: maureen.stillman@nokia.com 

-----Original Message----- 
From: ext David Mowers 
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG 
Sent: 7/12/01 1:08 PM 
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London 

First, an introduction: I took over Program Manager responsibilities for
SChannel, Microsoft's implementation of SSL/TLS, last year. I work with 
John Banes, our principal Developer for SSL/TLS, in the Windows Security

team. As I settle into my position here at Microsoft, I am looking 
forward to taking a more active role in this working group and helping 
out where possible in the ongoing efforts to improve TLS. 

Back to the issue: It's hard to predict when Microsoft will implement 
and deploy the dns_name extension although it is getting a very close 
look. I don't think that incrementing the version number will have much 
of an effect either way, though, so don't let that turn into a blocking 
issue. 

Deploying this change in the context of HTTP over TLS (HTTPS) is going 
to take some time. Changing the format of the client_hello message has 
historically caused lots of grief and various compatibility problems. 
There are a lot of internet servers out there and just testing against 
them all is a very large effort.=20 

I think this change is worth doing, but it is going to take some time. 

David Mowers 
Program Manager 
Windows Security 




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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 16 18:14:13 2001
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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 16 Jul 2001 08:23:58 -0700
In-Reply-To: Bodo Moeller's message of "Mon, 16 Jul 2001 17:06:28 +0200"
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

> On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:59:08AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
> > the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
> > value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
> > of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
> > comparison.
> 
> Some servers (including all version of SSLeay with SSL 3.0 support and
> OpenSSL before release 0.9.5) use the version number from the
> ClientHello's record header when they should have used the
> client_version value appearing in the actual message.  If the former
> is lower than the latter, the server will negotiate the wrong version,
> which breaks the handshake in the case of ciphersuites with
> RSA-encrypted premaster secrets.
I see. Interesting bug. 

I thought you were talking about a different PMS-related bug--using
the negotiated version instead of the client's offered version
for the PMS version. This bug can happen even if the record
version number and the client_version are the same.

> > On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
> > highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
> > server hello.
> 
> Exactly; this is why clients probably should use the lower version
> number in the record header.  (But servers shouldn't really insist on
> any particular minor version number in the record headers -- there
> does not appear to be any advantage in looking at this value.)
I agree.

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Tue Jul 17 02:23:59 2001
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

> On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:59:08AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
> > the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
> > value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
> > of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
> > comparison.
> 
> Some servers (including all version of SSLeay with SSL 3.0 support and
> OpenSSL before release 0.9.5) use the version number from the
> ClientHello's record header when they should have used the
> client_version value appearing in the actual message.  If the former
> is lower than the latter, the server will negotiate the wrong version,
> which breaks the handshake in the case of ciphersuites with
> RSA-encrypted premaster secrets.
I see. Interesting bug. 

I thought you were talking about a different PMS-related bug--using
the negotiated version instead of the client's offered version
for the PMS version. This bug can happen even if the record
version number and the client_version are the same.

> > On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
> > highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
> > server hello.
> 
> Exactly; this is why clients probably should use the lower version
> number in the record header.  (But servers shouldn't really insist on
> any particular minor version number in the record headers -- there
> does not appear to be any advantage in looking at this value.)
I agree.

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Tue Jul 17 18:33:32 2001
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

> On Mon, Jul 16, 2001 at 07:59:08AM -0700, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > The client is supposed to use value 2 in the PMS. I would expect
> > the server to compare it against either value 2 (correctly) or
> > value 3 (incorrectly). In either case, I don't see why the contents
> > of the client_hello record header should cause a problem for this
> > comparison.
> 
> Some servers (including all version of SSLeay with SSL 3.0 support and
> OpenSSL before release 0.9.5) use the version number from the
> ClientHello's record header when they should have used the
> client_version value appearing in the actual message.  If the former
> is lower than the latter, the server will negotiate the wrong version,
> which breaks the handshake in the case of ciphersuites with
> RSA-encrypted premaster secrets.
I see. Interesting bug. 

I thought you were talking about a different PMS-related bug--using
the negotiated version instead of the client's offered version
for the PMS version. This bug can happen even if the record
version number and the client_version are the same.

> > On the other hand, the server might check value 1 against his
> > highest supported version and send an alert prior to sending the
> > server hello.
> 
> Exactly; this is why clients probably should use the lower version
> number in the record header.  (But servers shouldn't really insist on
> any particular minor version number in the record headers -- there
> does not appear to be any advantage in looking at this value.)
I agree.

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Tue Jul 17 23:11:28 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re:London
Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2001 20:12:08 -0700
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From: "David Mowers" <davemo@microsoft.com>
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Hi,

No comments at this time. Microsoft has several groups implementing
SSL/TLS for wireless technologies and we need to mull over these ideas
for a bit.

Thanks,
Dave

-----Original Message-----
From: Maureen.Stillman@nokia.com [mailto:Maureen.Stillman@nokia.com]
Sent: Monday, July 16, 2001 12:04 PM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re:London


David, 

Thank you for your thoughts on the dns_name extension.  Do you have any 
comments/plans for the other extensions (which were previously referred 
to as wireless extensions)?  Your message only mentions dns_name which 
is one specific extension defined in draft-ietf-tls-extensions-00.txt. 


Nokia 
Mobile: (607)227-2933 
e-mail: maureen.stillman@nokia.com 

-----Original Message----- 
From: ext David Mowers 
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG 
Sent: 7/12/01 1:08 PM 
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: London 

First, an introduction: I took over Program Manager responsibilities for
SChannel, Microsoft's implementation of SSL/TLS, last year. I work with 
John Banes, our principal Developer for SSL/TLS, in the Windows Security

team. As I settle into my position here at Microsoft, I am looking 
forward to taking a more active role in this working group and helping 
out where possible in the ongoing efforts to improve TLS. 

Back to the issue: It's hard to predict when Microsoft will implement 
and deploy the dns_name extension although it is getting a very close 
look. I don't think that incrementing the version number will have much 
of an effect either way, though, so don't let that turn into a blocking 
issue. 

Deploying this change in the context of HTTP over TLS (HTTPS) is going 
to take some time. Changing the format of the client_hello message has 
historically caused lots of grief and various compatibility problems. 
There are a lot of internet servers out there and just testing against 
them all is a very large effort.=20 

I think this change is worth doing, but it is going to take some time. 

David Mowers 
Program Manager 
Windows Security 




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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 18 16:42:55 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Some questions about tls handshake
Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2001 13:42:54 -0700
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Hi,

I am studying TLS1.0. I have some questions about handshake, rehandshake,
session resumption etc. I looked at many resources (rfc, books, internet
links) but couldn't find answer to the following questions. I apologize to
interrupt everyone with this mesage but unfortunately I couldn't thought of
any other way than to ask for help from the ietf woking group. I will be
grateful if anyone helps.

* On a TLS session resumption, partial handshake hashes doesnot include the
handshake messages from the prior full handshake. Is that true?

* Suppose that a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a full handshake.
Does the handshake hash for the renegotiation/rehandshake have to include
the handshake messages of the prior full handshake?

* What if another renegotiation/rehandshake occurs? Does the handshake hash
include both the prior full handshake and renegotiation/rehandshake?

* Same question when a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a resume. Does
the renegotiation/rehandshake then include the handshake messages from the
prior resume? What if another one happens?

Thanks,
Imran Badr.


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 18 16:53:53 2001
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"imran badr" <imran.badr@caveonetworks.com> writes:
> I am studying TLS1.0. I have some questions about handshake, rehandshake,
> session resumption etc. I looked at many resources (rfc, books, internet
> links) but couldn't find answer to the following questions. I apologize to
> interrupt everyone with this mesage but unfortunately I couldn't thought of
> any other way than to ask for help from the ietf woking group. I will be
> grateful if anyone helps.
> 
> * On a TLS session resumption, partial handshake hashes doesnot include the
> handshake messages from the prior full handshake. Is that true?
Correct. The handshake hashes for any given handshake only include
the data from that handshake.

> * Suppose that a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a full handshake.
> Does the handshake hash for the renegotiation/rehandshake have to include
> the handshake messages of the prior full handshake?
No.

> * What if another renegotiation/rehandshake occurs? Does the handshake hash
> include both the prior full handshake and renegotiation/rehandshake?
No.

> * Same question when a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a resume. Does
> the renegotiation/rehandshake then include the handshake messages from the
> prior resume? What if another one happens?
No.

-Ekr


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 18 17:52:02 2001
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From: "Rene G. Eberhard" <eberhard@keyon.ch>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] RE: Some questions about tls handshake
Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2001 23:11:11 +0200
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> I am studying TLS1.0. I have some questions about handshake, rehandshake,
> session resumption etc. I looked at many resources (rfc, books, internet
> links) but couldn't find answer to the following questions. I apologize to
> interrupt everyone with this mesage but unfortunately I couldn't 
> thought of
> any other way than to ask for help from the ietf woking group. I will be
> grateful if anyone helps.
> 
> * On a TLS session resumption, partial handshake hashes doesnot 
> include the
> handshake messages from the prior full handshake. Is that true?

Yes. 

> * Suppose that a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a full handshake.
> Does the handshake hash for the renegotiation/rehandshake have to include
> the handshake messages of the prior full handshake?

No. Renegotiation is similar (equal) to a full (new) handshake.

> * What if another renegotiation/rehandshake occurs? Does the 
> handshake hash
> include both the prior full handshake and renegotiation/rehandshake?

No, just the handshake messages of the current (latest) renegotiation.

> * Same question when a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a 
> resume. Does
> the renegotiation/rehandshake then include the handshake messages from the
> prior resume? What if another one happens?


No. Just hash everything from the client hello up to (but not
including) the finished message. (See also RFC 2246 7.4.9. Finished)


Regards Rene

--
Rene G. Eberhard <eberhard@keyon.ch>
keyon > the PKI experts
Herrenberg 35, CH-8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland
Phone +41 (0)55 220 71 63, Fax +41 (0)55 220 71 61
See www.keyon.ch, www.tess.ch and www.freecerts.com


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 19 04:52:55 2001
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From: "David Taylor" <dtaylo11@bigpond.net.au>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: Some questions about tls handshake
Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:58:09 +1000
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> I am studying TLS1.0. I have some questions about handshake, rehandshake,
> session resumption etc. I looked at many resources (rfc, books, internet
> links) but couldn't find answer to the following questions. I apologize to
> interrupt everyone with this mesage but unfortunately I couldn't thought
of
> any other way than to ask for help from the ietf woking group. I will be
> grateful if anyone helps.
>
> * On a TLS session resumption, partial handshake hashes doesnot include
the
> handshake messages from the prior full handshake. Is that true?
>
> * Suppose that a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a full handshake.
> Does the handshake hash for the renegotiation/rehandshake have to include
> the handshake messages of the prior full handshake?
>
> * What if another renegotiation/rehandshake occurs? Does the handshake
hash
> include both the prior full handshake and renegotiation/rehandshake?
>
> * Same question when a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a resume.
Does
> the renegotiation/rehandshake then include the handshake messages from the
> prior resume? What if another one happens?

As Eric said, no in all cases. Something else to note is that the mechanism
for reusing session information for a new connection and renegotiating the
keys in use on an existing connection (resumption and
renegotiation/rehandshake) are exactly the same mechanism.

Regards,
David Taylor.



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 19 16:21:13 2001
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From: "imran badr" <imran.badr@caveonetworks.com>
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: Some questions about tls handshake
Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 13:20:50 -0700
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Thanks for all your resplies.

It looks like that there is no need to include server finish ( on a server )
in the partial handshake hashes and to remember the states of SHA1 and MD5
handshake hashes once you have sent out server finish. But some
implementations like openSSL include server finish to handshake hashes
although there is no protocol requiremenet to do so. Is that right? Does
these rules apply to SSL3.0 also?

Best regards,
Imran Badr.

-----Original Message-----
From: bounce-ietf-tls-4298017@lists.certicom.com
[mailto:bounce-ietf-tls-4298017@lists.certicom.com]On Behalf Of David
Taylor
Sent: Thursday, July 19, 2001 1:58 AM
To: IETF Transport Layer Security WG
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: Some questions about tls handshake


> I am studying TLS1.0. I have some questions about handshake, rehandshake,
> session resumption etc. I looked at many resources (rfc, books, internet
> links) but couldn't find answer to the following questions. I apologize to
> interrupt everyone with this mesage but unfortunately I couldn't thought
of
> any other way than to ask for help from the ietf woking group. I will be
> grateful if anyone helps.
>
> * On a TLS session resumption, partial handshake hashes doesnot include
the
> handshake messages from the prior full handshake. Is that true?
>
> * Suppose that a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a full handshake.
> Does the handshake hash for the renegotiation/rehandshake have to include
> the handshake messages of the prior full handshake?
>
> * What if another renegotiation/rehandshake occurs? Does the handshake
hash
> include both the prior full handshake and renegotiation/rehandshake?
>
> * Same question when a renegotiation/rehandshake occurs after a resume.
Does
> the renegotiation/rehandshake then include the handshake messages from the
> prior resume? What if another one happens?

As Eric said, no in all cases. Something else to note is that the mechanism
for reusing session information for a new connection and renegotiating the
keys in use on an existing connection (resumption and
renegotiation/rehandshake) are exactly the same mechanism.

Regards,
David Taylor.



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 19 16:29:47 2001
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"imran badr" <imran.badr@caveonetworks.com> writes:

> Thanks for all your resplies.
> 
> It looks like that there is no need to include server finish ( on a server )
> in the partial handshake hashes and to remember the states of SHA1 and MD5
> handshake hashes once you have sent out server finish. But some
> implementations like openSSL include server finish to handshake hashes
> although there is no protocol requiremenet to do so. Is that right? Does
> these rules apply to SSL3.0 also?
In normal mode the client's Finished message must be included in
a handshake hash but the server's Finished is not. In resumed
mode the server's Finished message gets hashed and the client's does
not.

However, as a matter of programming convenience, some implementations
might simply choose to digest all the handshake messages--even though
the digest may be thrown away without being used. E.g. rather than
having:
	if(certain conditions){
	 hash_update(message);
	}

one just does:
	 hash_update(message);

Note that even if an implementation behaves in this way the data that
it transmits will remain the same.

As far as this goes, SSLv3 has the same semantics as TLS.

-Ekr


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From: Win Treese <treese@acm.org>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Last call: AES ciphersuites for TLS
Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 00:33:29 -0400
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This is a working group Last Call for draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-04.txt
to be submitted to the IESG for Proposed Standard. It incorporates the
changes to use OAEP for RSA.

Because there were no other unresolved issues on this draft in the
original Last Call, this is a one-week Last Call.

Thanks,

Win Treese
Chair, TLS working group
treese@acm.org


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 am pleased to announce that Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com> has agreed
to work with Tim Dierks on revising RFC 2246 for progression to Draft
Standard.

As we have discussed before, the primary goal of this work is to
advance the standard, rather than making substantial changes to the
protocol. We will, of course, continue discussions of such changes,
such as the extensions proposal, and some of those may advance on the
standards track as well.

We will have some discussion of this Draft Standard work in London; in
the meantime, I'd like to ask that anyone with suggestions for changes
to RFC 2246 please send them to the list (or, for minor items, to
Eric, Tim, and me). 

Thanks to Eric for agreeing to help with this work.

Win Treese
Chair, TLS working group
treese@acm.org

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Win Treese wrote:
> Since I understood that NIST was encouraging the use of OAEP with AES
> cryptosystems, I asked Tim Polk at NIST for some more
> background. Here's what he said:
> 
>     The basic NIST position is that the standard PKCS #1 V1.5 padding can
>     and should be improved upon.  As we transition to AES, we are already
>     needing to support bigger keys, etc. so it makes sense to upgrade the
>     padding at the same time.  We could probably argue forever about
>     padding schemes, but OAEP presents a clear improvement that everyone
>     should be able to support.

In general, I'd strongly advise the people at NIST to read Victor Shoup's
paper [Sho01], and consider advocating Simple-RSA as another option to
RSA-OAEP. The main reason for that is that it provides non-malleability for
an arbitrarily long message, which is not achieved just by using RSA-OAEP to
encrypt a symmetric key. It's also simpler, and therefore probably less
vulnerable to the kind of implementation problems mentioned in James Manger's
recent paper [Man01]. The fact that the security reduction is 'tighter' is a
useful bonus, although the preceding two reasons are more important in
practice. I don't know Tim Polk's address; perhaps you could forward this
post to him.

However, that's almost beside the point for TLS: RFC 2246 already has an
effective and provably secure (see below) fix to PKCS #1 v1.5. Using that fix
was a good solution to Bleichenbacher's attack because it minimised
interoperability problems.

I've checked that the proof of Simple-RSA in [Sho01] can be applied almost
unchanged, treating the RSA key exchange as a Key Encapsulation Mechanism [*1].
This assumes that the computation of the handshake hashes can be modelled as
a random oracle, which is reasonable. The tightness of the reduction will be
worse than for Simple-RSA by a constant factor (for the single encryption
attack model), because the PKCS #1 v1.5 formatting and the non-random version
number mean that the block is not uniformly distributed on [0, n), but it will
still be better than the reduction given by the OAEP proof [*2].

(Incidentally, the nBound/q_D term in equation (8) of [Sho01] should be
q_D/nBound. This is such a strange error to make, that I think perhaps Shoup
may be checking whether anyone is actually paying attention to the detail of
security proofs.)

[*1] Technically, this doesn't prove non-malleability of the version number
     encrypted with the pre-master secret. There are good reasons to believe
     that that isn't a problem, and I was going to work the details more
     thoroughly before posting - but I'd better send this post now, given the
     limited time for the final call of the AES draft.

[*2] ... unless the pre-master secret is replaced by a random value when OAEP
     unpadding fails (i.e. the same method as used for PKCS #1), in which
     case the reduction for this variant of OAEP is as tight as Simple-RSA.


It's also necessary to consider the effect on the security of TLS against
compromise attacks - that is, in the situation where an attacker gets access
to the server, but can only make queries to a protected security module,
and the goal is to obtain enough information to impersonate the server
after access is lost. I haven't had time to study this in as much detail as
I'd like, but it appears that the choice of RSA-OAEP vs PKCS #1 v1.5 makes
no difference here, assuming the Gap RSA Assumption. (If the Gap RSA
Assumption is false, OTOH, then TLS's security against compromise attacks
is non-existant, and fixing that would require major changes.)

>     The NIST strategy for RSA-based key management in AES ciphersuites
>     will utilize OAEP padding.  We presume these cryptographic modules
>     will be used to support a variety of protocols, so we want a padding
>     technique that is secure for the broadest range of protocols.

For new protocols, or for protocols where there is no good backward-
compatible fix to existing security problems, I agree entirely with
the second sentence above (except that I think Simple-RSA would better
satisfy that goal). If, OTOH, it is interpreted as meaning that existing
uses of RSA are to be replaced with RSA-OAEP (or any other scheme)
without looking carefully at the costs and benefits in each case, then
I would have to disagree, strongly.

>     The advantages of OAEP may not be relevant in some protocols, but it
>     doesn't seem to present any problem in those protocols.

It does present problems in many protocols (the first two of these don't
apply to TLS):

1. How do you encrypt messages that do not fit in one block? (Just replacing
   hybrid use of PKCS #1 v1.5 with OAEP is almost always the wrong answer.)

2. How do you negotiate the use of RSA-OAEP as opposed to whatever was used
   before? (This is *very easy* to get wrong. Adding a negotiation mechanism
   to a protocol that didn't previously have one is one of the most
   complicated and error-prone parts of protocol design. TLS's negotiation
   mechanism is has had more analysis than that of any other protocol I've
   seen, and it still has known security flaws, even though negotiation was
   designed into SSL 2.0 from the start.)

3. When a hardware security module is used, the 'padding' and 'unpadding'
   parts of OAEP should normally be implemented together with the RSA
   operation inside the module, but they *can* also be implemented outside
   the module. The latter would be implementable given existing hardware
   that doesn't directly support OAEP, but it might well be less secure in
   some situations, or require stronger assumptions than the standard RSA
   problem. So, should it be prohibited? (The answer requires a careful
   analysis of the whole protocol, which hasn't been done for TLS.)

4. The description of how to do OAEP 'unpadding' in PKCS #1 v2.0 and IEEE
   Std 1363-2000 does not give the best order of operations to avoid side
   channel attacks, so do you reference a standard that you know is not
   optimal?

   This is not academic; unless RSA-OAEP is very carefully implemented, in
   some entirely plausible situations a timing attack (or certain other
   kinds of side channel attack) against it can require fewer messages than
   a corresponding attack on PKCS #1 v1.5 [Man01].

   A description of how to implement the OAEP unpadding function that
   should be used instead of the one given by PKCS #1 v2 and 1363-2000, to
   minimise the possibility of this kind of attack, is given at the end of
   this post. (I've checked the details of this with James Manger.)

[...]
>     NIST is also working to promote this position in the ANSI X9 standards
>     community, in particular on the ANSI X9.44 RSA Key Management
>     standard.  We would like to see standards in the IETF like TLS specify
>     consistent ciphersuites as well.

Consistency certainly has some benefits. However, it's never one of the
primary goals of a security protocol: those are that the protocol is secure,
and that it works (in a broad sense, including being efficient and practical).
Consistency may help those goals indirectly by making it easier or cheaper
to implement some collection of protocols that use similar algorithms, but
if pursued for its own sake, it may also hinder them.

It is naïve to imagine that OAEP can act as a quick fix for any security
problem in a protocol using RSA, which is how some people seem to want to
apply it. If the effects are not analysed on a protocol-by-protocol basis,
serious errors *will* be made, and fixing them (if they are detected, and
if they get fixed) will add still more complexity.


[Sho01]  Victor Shoup,
         "A Proposal for an ISO Standard for Public Key Encryption
          (version 1.1),"
         Revised May 29, 2001.
         http://www.shoup.net/papers/

[Man01]  James Manger,
         "A Chosen Ciphertext Attack On RSA Optimal Asymmetric Encryption
          Padding (OAEP) as Standardized In PKCS #1,"
         To appear in Advances in Cryptology - Proceedings of CRYPTO 2001.

- -- 
David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk>

Home page & PGP public key: http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/hopwood/
RSA 2048-bit; fingerprint 71 8E A6 23 0E D3 4C E5  0F 69 8C D4 FA 66 15 01
Nothing in this message is intended to be legally binding. If I revoke a
public key but refuse to specify why, it is because the private key has been
seized under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act; see www.fipr.org/rip


- -----
OAEP unpadding, with compatible modifications to prevent side channel
attacks:

 1. If the length of P is greater than the length limitation, output
    "error" and stop. Otherwise, apply the hash function Hash to the
    parameters P to produce an octet string cHash of length hLen.
 2. Let oLen = floor(l/8) and seedLen = hLen. If oLen < seedLen + hLen + 1,
    output "error" and stop.
 3. Convert f to an octet string EM of length oLen + 1 with the primitive
    I2OSP. If the primitive outputs "error", output "error" and stop.
 4. Let X be the leftmost octet of EM, let maskedSeed be the next seedLen
    octets, and maskedDB the remaining octets.
 5. Apply the mask generation function G to the string maskedDB to
    produce an octet string seedMask of length seedLen octets.
 6. Let seed = maskedSeed xor seedMask.
 7. Apply the mask generation function G to the string seed to produce
    an octet string dbMask of length oLen - seedLen octets.
 8. Let DB = maskedDB xor dbMask.
 9. Let M' be all but the first hLen octets of DB.
10. Let T be the leftmost nonzero octet of M'.
11. If the first hLen octets of DB are not equal to cHash, or X != 00,
    or T != 01, then output "error" and stop.
12. Remove T and all octets to the left of it (which are all zero) from
    M' to produce an octet string M.
13. Output the message M.

NOTES
1--It is important that the implementation output the same error message
at the same time regardless of the cause of error in step 11.
2--The description of the decoding operation has been modified from that
in IEEE Std 1363-2000, to make it clearer how to implement decoding in
a way that avoids the attack described in [Man01]. This does not affect
compatibility; the differences only affect when errors are detected. In
particular, the previous description used the I2OSP primitive to
produce an octet string of length oLen, rather than oLen + 1. If an
implementation reveals whether the length of the message representative
is greater than oLen octets, then an opponent will be able to determine
whether the most significant octet of an RSA decryption is nonzero, which
may lead to an attack.
3--The error in step 3 cannot occur for RSA-OAEP, since in that case the
message representative will always be in the range [0, 2^(l+1)-1].
4--Step 1 may be precomputed, if P is known in advance.


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From: Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
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On Fri, Jul 20, 2001 at 10:43:45AM +0100, David Hopwood wrote:

>>     The advantages of OAEP may not be relevant in some protocols, but it
>>     doesn't seem to present any problem in those protocols.

> It does present problems in many protocols (the first two of these don't
> apply to TLS):
[...]
> 2. How do you negotiate the use of RSA-OAEP as opposed to whatever was used
>    before? (This is *very easy* to get wrong. Adding a negotiation mechanism
>    to a protocol that didn't previously have one is one of the most
>    complicated and error-prone parts of protocol design. TLS's negotiation
>    mechanism is has had more analysis than that of any other protocol I've
>    seen, and it still has known security flaws, even though negotiation was
>    designed into SSL 2.0 from the start.)

Good point, and actually this *does* apply to TLS in some sense.

Assume that a TLS server implements a RSA-OAEP ciphersuite and that
TLS with RSA-OAEP were more secure than TLS with RSA-PKCS #1 v1.5
encryption (e.g. because the Bleichenbacher attack countermeasure is
not implemented correctly).  Then, unless the server uses independent
RSA keys for RSA-OAEP and RSA-PKCS #1 v1.5 encryption, RSA-OAEP
provides no security advantage whatsoever -- the attacker can simply
use PKCS #1 v1.5 ciphersuites for his attacks.  (Note that
Bleichenbacher's attack is not limited to PKCS #1 v1.5 *target*
ciphertexts, it just uses a PKCS #1 v1.5 oracle for *chosen*
ciphertexts).

Thus, adding RSA-OAEP ciphersuites is a nuisance not just to
implementors, but also to server operators, who will need an
additional key and certificate if adding OAEP is to make at least some
sense.

(In fact with the current set of ciphersuites, different keys should
already be used for RSA encryption and RSA signing -- I'm not sure if
anyone really does that.)

Why worry about RSA encryption that much, anyway?  The forward secure
ciphersuites, except export-crippled ones, use RSA only for
signatures.  As far as security is concerned, OAEP is advantegeous for
TLS only for servers that do not have an unpredictable PRNG.


-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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TLS WG:

Since I will be out of the office for the bulk of this Last Call, I wanted 
to post a message supporting the adoption of RSA-OAEP for use with AES.  I 
think that it is a major step toward the selection of an IETF-wide crypto 
algorithm suite that includes RSA-OAEP for key management and AES for 
encryption.

Russ

At 12:33 AM 7/20/2001 -0400, Win Treese wrote:

>This is a working group Last Call for draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-04.txt
>to be submitted to the IESG for Proposed Standard. It incorporates the
>changes to use OAEP for RSA.
>
>Because there were no other unresolved issues on this draft in the
>original Last Call, this is a one-week Last Call.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Win Treese
>Chair, TLS working group
>treese@acm.org
>
>
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I agree with Bodo's point. If the same private key is used with both 
RSA-OAEP and PKCS #1 v1.5, it can be attacked via the weaker 
method.  However, this is not a reason to delay the introduction of 
RSA-OAEP; eventually the server can support just AES with RSA-OAEP.

Russ


 >Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 13:27:11 +0200
 >From: Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
 >To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
 >Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: Last call: AES ciphersuites for TLS
 >
 >On Fri, Jul 20, 2001 at 12:33:29AM -0400, Win Treese wrote:
 >
 > > This is a working group Last Call for draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-04.txt
 > > to be submitted to the IESG for Proposed Standard. It incorporates the
 > > changes to use OAEP for RSA.
 > >
 > > Because there were no other unresolved issues on this draft in the
 > > original Last Call, this is a one-week Last Call.
 >
 >As explained in the follow-up to David Hopwood's message (Re: AES,
 >OAEP, and TLS), I object to adding RSA ciphersuites with OAEP.
 >Having both PKCS #1 v1.5 encryption and OAEP ciphersuites enabled
 >in the same server cannot provide any security advantage and in
 >fact is more likely to make the system *less* secure than always
 >using PKCS #1 v1.5.
 >
 >The above concern would be resolved by using independent RSA keys for
 >different ciphersuites.  However, this would mean servers would need
 >additional certificates just so that they can use AES.  This would
 >mean a lot of extra effort and provide no advantages whatsoever
 >because TLS with PKCS #1 v1.5 encryption and the Bleichenbacher attack
 >countermeasure described in RFC 2246 is cryptographically sound.
 >
 >Instead of introducing OAEP, the AES ciphersuites should use RSA
 >encryption similar to existing ciphersuites.
 >
 >
 >--
 >Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>

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"Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com> writes:
> I agree with Bodo's point. If the same private key is used with both 
> RSA-OAEP and PKCS #1 v1.5, it can be attacked via the weaker 
> method.  However, this is not a reason to delay the introduction of 
> RSA-OAEP; eventually the server can support just AES with RSA-OAEP.
The probability that this will happen in the foreseeable future
is negligible.

While I think it's a laudable goal to have future IETF protocols share
a common suite of algorithms, I fail to see that any particular benefit
is achieved by imposing that suite on current protocols. I'm against
this change.

-Ekr

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Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 09:25:38 -0700
From: thayes@netscape.com (Terry Hayes)
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I object to the changes that require OAEP padding for the AES ciphersuite.

My previous email (12 July) outlines my reasons for this position.  The 
goal of this draft should be to define AES ciphersuites that can be 
deployed soon.  Coupling that goal with changes in the RSA padding will 
only delay implementations and cause interoperability problems without 
providing any increased security.

Terry Hayes
Netscape Communications Corp.

Win Treese wrote:

>This is a working group Last Call for draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-04.txt
>to be submitted to the IESG for Proposed Standard. It incorporates the
>changes to use OAEP for RSA.
>
>Because there were no other unresolved issues on this draft in the
>original Last Call, this is a one-week Last Call.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Win Treese
>Chair, TLS working group
>treese@acm.org
>
>
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 20 13:37:48 2001
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Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 18:40:58 +0100
From: Dr S N Henson <drh@celocom.com>
Organization: S N Henson
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I am also opposed to the change to making OAEP mandatory for AES
ciphersuites. I agree with many of the objections already raised.

I have an additional issue. Crypto hardware with some form of private
key protection will have varying degrees of difficulty with OAEP. How
bad this is depends on the hardware in use and I don't claim to be
familiar with all variants. 

However typical issues might be:

1. The firmware cannot be upgraded and it only supports PKCS#1 v1.5
internally. 

2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
protected keys are destroyed.

Steve.
-- 
Dr Stephen N. Henson.   http://www.drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk/
Personal Email: shenson@drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk 
Senior crypto engineer, Celo Communications: http://www.celocom.com/
Core developer of the   OpenSSL project: http://www.openssl.org/
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 20 14:27:22 2001
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From: "Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: Last call: AES ciphersuites for TLS
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Stephen:

>2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
>protected keys are destroyed.

This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that allowed 
the firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or private keys 
that were stored in them.

I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in this area.

Russ

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 20 14:45:36 2001
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"Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com> writes:
> >2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
> >protected keys are destroyed.
> 
> This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that allowed 
> the firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or private keys 
> that were stored in them.
> 
> I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in this area.
I'm not sure I consider this shortsighted. One of the claimed invariants
of such hardware is that the key cannot leave the device. Allowing
the firmware to be upgraded potentially violates this invariant. [0]

-Ekr

[0] Yes, I know you can have signed firmware and the like but you're
then depending on the future security of the signing key, among other
things.

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Eric:

> > >2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
> > >protected keys are destroyed.
> >
> > This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that allowed
> > the firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or private keys
> > that were stored in them.
> >
> > I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in 
> this area.
>I'm not sure I consider this shortsighted. One of the claimed invariants
>of such hardware is that the key cannot leave the device. Allowing
>the firmware to be upgraded potentially violates this invariant.
>
>Yes, I know you can have signed firmware and the like but you're
>then depending on the future security of the signing key, among other
>things.

Interesting security policy.  However, it is quite difficult to repair a 
bug in this situation.  If I had a root key stored in such a device I would 
be quite upset if there was no way to repair a bug in the firmware without 
destroying the root key.

Russ

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 20 16:34:30 2001
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"Housley, Russ" wrote:
> 
> Eric:
> 
> > > >2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
> > > >protected keys are destroyed.
> > >
> > > This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that allowed
> > > the firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or private keys
> > > that were stored in them.
> > >
> > > I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in
> > this area.
> >I'm not sure I consider this shortsighted. One of the claimed invariants
> >of such hardware is that the key cannot leave the device. Allowing
> >the firmware to be upgraded potentially violates this invariant.
> >
> >Yes, I know you can have signed firmware and the like but you're
> >then depending on the future security of the signing key, among other
> >things.
> 
> Interesting security policy.  However, it is quite difficult to repair a
> bug in this situation.  If I had a root key stored in such a device I would
> be quite upset if there was no way to repair a bug in the firmware without
> destroying the root key.

How upset would you be if your root key became available to an attacker
because the "upgraded" the firmware?

Cheers,

Ben.

--
http://www.apache-ssl.org/ben.html

"There is no limit to what a man can do or how far he can go if he
doesn't mind who gets the credit." - Robert Woodruff

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 20 17:40:42 2001
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Ben:

> > > > >2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
> > > > >protected keys are destroyed.
> > > >
> > > > This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that 
> allowed
> > > > the firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or 
> private keys
> > > > that were stored in them.
> > > >
> > > > I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in 
> this area.
> > >I'm not sure I consider this shortsighted. One of the claimed invariants
> > >of such hardware is that the key cannot leave the device. Allowing
> > >the firmware to be upgraded potentially violates this invariant.
> > >
> > >Yes, I know you can have signed firmware and the like but you're
> > >then depending on the future security of the signing key, among other
> > >things.
> >
> > Interesting security policy.  However, it is quite difficult to repair a
> > bug in this situation.  If I had a root key stored in such a device I would
> > be quite upset if there was no way to repair a bug in the firmware without
> > destroying the root key.
>
>How upset would you be if your root key became available to an attacker
>because the "upgraded" the firmware?

As Eric pointed out, there are ways to ensure that the firmware comes from 
the device manufacturer.

This discussion has gone way off topic.  We should talk about the TLS 
protocol and associated algorithms.  I will stop here.

Russ

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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 20 Jul 2001 15:01:29 -0700
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"Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com> writes:
> >How upset would you be if your root key became available to an attacker
> >because the "upgraded" the firmware?
> 
> As Eric pointed out, there are ways to ensure that the firmware comes from 
> the device manufacturer.
Right, but imagine that the manufacturer makes two different kinds
of firmware, one of which permits key export and one of which does
not. Clearly you wouldn't want the "key export" firmware loaded
onto your previously secure box.

So, now we need some way of differentiating various kinds of 
firmware, which means that you need different hardware, some
of which can only run certain firmware.

This is getting pretty complicated.
-Ekr





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"Housley, Russ" wrote:
> I agree with Bodo's point. If the same private key is used with both
> RSA-OAEP and PKCS #1 v1.5, it can be attacked via the weaker
> method.  However, this is not a reason to delay the introduction of
> RSA-OAEP; eventually the server can support just AES with RSA-OAEP.

I think it is a good reason to delay. All of the key exchange algorithms
should really be thoroughly re-analysed from the point of view of both
security and efficiency. There are several possibilities for improving
speed and forward secrecy properties. We certainly can't do such an
analysis in one week.

If we introduce RSA-OAEP now as specified in the draft, and then find
that there was a better way of doing so (which is likely), are we then
going to add yet another RSA key exchange variant later?

I've just checked that there were no changes between drafts -03 and -04
apart from RSA-OAEP (and a change to Pete Chown's phone number). So,
I formally propose that it should be draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-03.txt
(with the phone number change) that is taken to Proposed Standard RFC,
not -04.


Some people have already made their position clear:

For draft -04, with RSA-OAEP:
  Russ Housley <rhousley@rsasecurity.com>

For draft -03, with PKCS #1 v1.5:
  David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk>
  Terry Hayes <thayes@netscape.com>, speaking for Netscape
  Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>

Against draft -04 (does this mean for draft -03?):
  Dr S N Henson <drh@celocom.com>
  Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>

(If I've misinterpreted anyone's position, please say so.)

- -- 
David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk>

Home page & PGP public key: http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/hopwood/
RSA 2048-bit; fingerprint 71 8E A6 23 0E D3 4C E5  0F 69 8C D4 FA 66 15 01
Nothing in this message is intended to be legally binding. If I revoke a
public key but refuse to specify why, it is because the private key has been
seized under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act; see www.fipr.org/rip


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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>
Date: 20 Jul 2001 14:48:21 -0700
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"Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com> writes:
> >I'm not sure I consider this shortsighted. One of the claimed invariants
> >of such hardware is that the key cannot leave the device. Allowing
> >the firmware to be upgraded potentially violates this invariant.
> >
> >Yes, I know you can have signed firmware and the like but you're
> >then depending on the future security of the signing key, among other
> >things.
> 
> Interesting security policy.  However, it is quite difficult to repair a 
> bug in this situation.  If I had a root key stored in such a device I would 
> be quite upset if there was no way to repair a bug in the firmware without 
> destroying the root key.
I agree that this is unfortunate, however it's consistent with 
what seems to me to be the general philosophy behind such hardware
crypto devices, namely that just about any amount of inconvenience 
is acceptable if it renders the system more secure.

-Ekr




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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Fri Jul 20 21:44:14 2001
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Date: Sat, 21 Jul 2001 01:16:32 +0100
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David Hopwood wrote:
> 
> 
> Against draft -04 (does this mean for draft -03?):
>   Dr S N Henson <drh@celocom.com>

Yes it does mean that in my case.

Steve.
-- 
Dr Stephen N. Henson.   http://www.drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk/
Personal Email: shenson@drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk 
Senior crypto engineer, Celo Communications: http://www.celocom.com/
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Ben Laurie wrote:
> 
> 
> How upset would you be if your root key became available to an attacker
> because the "upgraded" the firmware?
> 

There's also the possibility of the manufacturer being forced to extract
keys from boxes via legal sanction. In this scenario the "attacker"
would be the manufacturer.

Some manufacturers, and indeed some customers, would want to be ultra
safe and have hardware from which keys cannot be extracted under any
(known) circumstances.

Steve.
-- 
Dr Stephen N. Henson.   http://www.drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk/
Personal Email: shenson@drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk 
Senior crypto engineer, Celo Communications: http://www.celocom.com/
Core developer of the   OpenSSL project: http://www.openssl.org/
Business Email: drh@celocom.com PGP key: via homepage.



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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Sat Jul 21 06:24:56 2001
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Date: Sat, 21 Jul 2001 11:51:29 +0200 (CEST)
From: Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
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Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>:
> "Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com> writes:

>>> 2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
>>> protected keys are destroyed.

>> This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that allowed 
>> the firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or private keys 
>> that were stored in them.

>> I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in this area.

> I'm not sure I consider this shortsighted. One of the claimed invariants
> of such hardware is that the key cannot leave the device. Allowing
> the firmware to be upgraded potentially violates this invariant. [...]

As separate RSA keys should be used for RSA OAEP and RSA PKCS #1 v1.5
decryption (otherwise any OAEP "provable security" is void, anyway),
there would not be a need to upgrade the firmware used with existing
keys.  The simplest sound solution would be simply not to implement
those AES ciphersuites that require OAEP decryption.  (This leaves
availabe AES ciphersuites using RSA signatures.)


It would be a matter of minutes to implement OAEP-based ciphersuites
in OpenSSL such that a single RSA key is used for different styles of
RSA decryption; but I won't do this because it can make security only
worse, not better.  Using multiple RSA keys would be OK, but it's
hardly worth the implementation effort because few server operators
would bother to obtain an additional certificate for the additional
key.

-- 
Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
PGP http://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/TI/Mitarbeiter/moeller/0x36d2c658.html
* TU Darmstadt, Theoretische Informatik, Alexanderstr. 10, D-64283 Darmstadt
* Tel. +49-6151-16-6628, Fax +49-6151-16-6036

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"Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com> writes:

>>2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
>>protected keys are destroyed.
>
>This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that allowed the
>firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or private keys that
>were stored in them.
>
>I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in this area.

That's not short-sighted, that's a good security precaution (in fact I'd be
rather suspicious of a device which allowed the firmware to be upgraded without
zeroising the cryptovariables).  What happens if I upgrage the firmware to a
new version which leaks the private key(s)?

(Some of the papers covering the IBM 4758 design go into this problem, and how
to avoid it, in some detail).

Peter.

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Sat Jul 21 10:28:54 2001
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Bodo Moeller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de> writes:

> Eric Rescorla <ekr@speedy.rtfm.com>:
> > "Housley, Russ" <rhousley@rsasecurity.com> writes:
> 
> >>> 2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
> >>> protected keys are destroyed.
> 
> >> This is not always the case. I have personally used devices that allowed 
> >> the firmware to be updated without wiping out certificates or private keys 
> >> that were stored in them.
> 
> >> I am sorry to hear that some hardware vendors were short sighted in this area.
> 
> > I'm not sure I consider this shortsighted. One of the claimed invariants
> > of such hardware is that the key cannot leave the device. Allowing
> > the firmware to be upgraded potentially violates this invariant. [...]
> 
> As separate RSA keys should be used for RSA OAEP and RSA PKCS #1 v1.5
> decryption (otherwise any OAEP "provable security" is void, anyway),
> there would not be a need to upgrade the firmware used with existing
> keys.
I was more thinking that one might have hardware which could supported
multiple keys and didn't wish to buy a separate piece of hardware. 
You'd need to upgrade the firmware in order to do OAEP at all but
you could then enforce the key separation in software.

-Ekr



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From: Dean Povey <povey@dstc.qut.edu.au>
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>Some people have already made their position clear:
>
>For draft -04, with RSA-OAEP:
>  Russ Housley <rhousley@rsasecurity.com>
>
>For draft -03, with PKCS #1 v1.5:
>  David Hopwood <david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk>
>  Terry Hayes <thayes@netscape.com>, speaking for Netscape
>  Bodo Möller <moeller@cdc.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
>


I'd also like to support draft-03 with PKCS#1 v1.5 for all the reasons 
stated.  I think that OAEP should be added to TLS, but should not be 
mandatory with AES.

Cheers.



-- 
Dean Povey,         | e-m: povey@dstc.edu.au | JCSI: Java Crypto Toolkit 
Research Scientist  | ph:  +61 7 3864 5120   | uPKI: C PKI toolkit for embedded
Security Unit, DSTC | fax: +61 7 3864 1282   |       systems
Brisbane, Australia | www: security.dstc.com | 



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I was just made aware of the discussion going on here, so I'm catching 
up.  I have a number of comments on some of the recent issues people 
have posted.  For background, let me state that I am a designer of IBM 
cryptographic hardware products, like the 4758 card (see 
http://www.ibm.com/security/cryptocards) which is used in all of IBM's 
server platforms from the largest (mainframes) to the smallest 
(PC-based). 

I see that Peter Gutmann, who has worked with the 4758 in IBM 
Research, has also provided some information about this. 


> I have an additional issue. Crypto hardware with some form of private
> key protection will have varying degrees of difficulty with OAEP. How
> bad this is depends on the hardware in use and I don't claim to be
> familiar with all variants. 
> 
> However typical issues might be:
> 
> 1. The firmware cannot be upgraded and it only supports PKCS#1 v1.5
> internally. 
> 
> 2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware
> protected keys are destroyed.

Neither of these is true with the IBM 4758.  The firmware can be 
securely upgraded (in fact, the mechanisms are part of what received 
FIPS 140 Level 4 validation by NIST).  Furthermore, you can upgrade 
the firmware in a way that destroys all secret data in the card (if 
you are paranoid), or you can upgrade it in a way that preserves all 
the secret data (which is what most customers choose to do). 


> There's also the possibility of the manufacturer being forced to extract
> keys from boxes via legal sanction. In this scenario the "attacker"
> would be the manufacturer.

We have always designed our products with a firm principle that it 
will be IMPOSSIBLE for us, as the designers and manufacturers, to get 
to any secret data the customer puts in our hardware crypto units.  No 
matter how much the government, or even the customer insists on it, 
there is no way we can get secrets out if you intended for them to be 
protected.  That is a requirement for any of our crypto design. 


> Interesting security policy.  However, it is quite difficult to repair a 

> bug in this situation.  If I had a root key stored in such a device I 
would 
> be quite upset if there was no way to repair a bug in the firmware 
without 
> destroying the root key.

This is precisely the point that drives the requirements for the 
design.  There are standards that REQUIRE root keys to reside in the 
hardware, in such a way that they can never be extracted, backed up, 
or cloned.  People running large businesses with CAs do not want their 
CA root keys to be destroyed because they installed a firmware upgrade 
in order to get some desirable new feature.  (Maybe they want to add 
OAEP support...  :-) ) 


> How upset would you be if your root key became available to an attacker
> because the "upgraded" the firmware?

This is why you need secure code validation and loading procedures. 
If you trusted your vendor not to have a Trojan horse or other 
security hole in the original firmware, and if the code delivery and 
installation process guarantees that the code originated with that 
vendor, has not been tampered, and is reliably loaded into the 
hardware, then you should not have any concern with the update that 
you did not also have with the code it replaces. 


> Right, but imagine that the manufacturer makes two different kinds 
> of firmware, one of which permits key export and one of which does 
> not.  Clearly you wouldn't want the "key export" firmware loaded 
> onto your previously secure box. 
> 
>
> So, now we need some way of differentiating various kinds of
> firmware, which means that you need different hardware, some of 
> which can only run certain firmware. 

It doesn't have to be that complicated.  A single firmware load can 
have all the functions - "secure" and "less-secure".  A highly secure 
integrated access control system (which the 4758 has in its CCA API) 
can then be used by a system administrator to selectively enable and 
disable functions, as desired.  Don't want to allow private keys to 
exist outside the hardware?  OK, just disable the related functions. 
The CCA API on the 4758 supports RSA keys that can never leave the 
secure module, but it also supports RSA keys that can be stored 
outside the module, triple-DES protected under a key inside the 
module.  You can enable either of these, or both, as you desire. 


> You also have downgrade attacks where I replace the current (signed) 
> firmware with the previous (signed, buggy) firmware... 

The 4758 architecture allows you to place all kinds of restrictions on 
where code can be loaded.  Among those are restrictions on what 
versions it will load on top of - so you can prevent loading old code 
on top of newer versions.  (In fact, you can even do things like 
targeting the code to specific cards, by serial number.) 


As an aside...  The ANSI standards committees are discussing future 
key management standards, and are heading to a conclusion that OAEP 
formatting should be used with AES keys.  That is not final yet, but 
it seems to be the feeling of most of the experts who participate.  I 
happen to agree. 


Let me say that I am not familiar with the IETF TLS discussion that is 
the source of this thread, so I appologize if specifics related to 
that standard reduce the relevance of my comments. 


-------------------------------------------------------------------
Todd W. Arnold
IBM Cryptographic Technology Development
(704) 594-8253   FAX 594-1790
-------------------------------------------------------------------
email:  arnoldt@us.ibm.com

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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I was just made aware of the discussion going on here, so I'm catching </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">up. &nbsp;I have a number of comments on some of the recent issues people </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">have posted. &nbsp;For background, let me state that I am a designer of IBM </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">cryptographic hardware products, like the 4758 card (see </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">http://www.ibm.com/security/cryptocards) which is used in all of IBM's </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">server platforms from the largest (mainframes) to the smallest </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">(PC-based). &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I see that Peter Gutmann, who has worked with the 4758 in IBM </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Research, has also provided some information about this. &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; I have an additional issue. Crypto hardware with some form of private</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; key protection will have varying degrees of difficulty with OAEP. How</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; bad this is depends on the hardware in use and I don't claim to be</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; familiar with all variants. </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; However typical issues might be:</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; 1. The firmware cannot be upgraded and it only supports PKCS#1 v1.5</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; internally. </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; 2. Upgrading the firmware can only be done if the existing hardware</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; protected keys are destroyed.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Neither of these is true with the IBM 4758. &nbsp;The firmware can be </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">securely upgraded (in fact, the mechanisms are part of what received </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">FIPS 140 Level 4 validation by NIST). &nbsp;Furthermore, you can upgrade </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">the firmware in a way that destroys all secret data in the card (if </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">you are paranoid), or you can upgrade it in a way that preserves all </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">the secret data (which is what most customers choose to do). &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; There's also the possibility of the manufacturer being forced to extract</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; keys from boxes via legal sanction. In this scenario the &quot;attacker&quot;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; would be the manufacturer.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">We have always designed our products with a firm principle that it </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">will be IMPOSSIBLE for us, as the designers and manufacturers, to get </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">to any secret data the customer puts in our hardware crypto units. &nbsp;No </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">matter how much the government, or even the customer insists on it, </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">there is no way we can get secrets out if you intended for them to be </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">protected. &nbsp;That is a requirement for any of our crypto design. &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; Interesting security policy. &nbsp;However, it is quite difficult to repair a </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; bug in this situation. &nbsp;If I had a root key stored in such a device I would </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; be quite upset if there was no way to repair a bug in the firmware without </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; destroying the root key.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">This is precisely the point that drives the requirements for the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">design. &nbsp;There are standards that REQUIRE root keys to reside in the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">hardware, in such a way that they can never be extracted, backed up, </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">or cloned. &nbsp;People running large businesses with CAs do not want their </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">CA root keys to be destroyed because they installed a firmware upgrade </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">in order to get some desirable new feature. &nbsp;(Maybe they want to add </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">OAEP support... &nbsp;:-) ) </font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; How upset would you be if your root key became available to an attacker</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; because the &quot;upgraded&quot; the firmware?</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">This is why you need secure code validation and loading procedures. &nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">If you trusted your vendor not to have a Trojan horse or other </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">security hole in the original firmware, and if the code delivery and </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">installation process guarantees that the code originated with that </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">vendor, has not been tampered, and is reliably loaded into the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">hardware, then you should not have any concern with the update that </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">you did not also have with the code it replaces. &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; Right, but imagine that the manufacturer makes two different kinds </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; of firmware, one of which permits key export and one of which does &nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; not. &nbsp;Clearly you wouldn't want the &quot;key export&quot; firmware loaded </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; onto your previously secure box. &nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; So, now we need some way of differentiating various kinds of</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; firmware, which means that you need different hardware, some of </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; which can only run certain firmware. &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">It doesn't have to be that complicated. &nbsp;A single firmware load can </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">have all the functions - &quot;secure&quot; and &quot;less-secure&quot;. &nbsp;A highly secure </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">integrated access control system (which the 4758 has in its CCA API) </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">can then be used by a system administrator to selectively enable and </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">disable functions, as desired. &nbsp;Don't want to allow private keys to </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">exist outside the hardware? &nbsp;OK, just disable the related functions. &nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">The CCA API on the 4758 supports RSA keys that can never leave the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">secure module, but it also supports RSA keys that can be stored </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">outside the module, triple-DES protected under a key inside the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">module. &nbsp;You can enable either of these, or both, as you desire. &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; You also have downgrade attacks where I replace the current (signed) </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&gt; firmware with the previous (signed, buggy) firmware... &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">The 4758 architecture allows you to place all kinds of restrictions on </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">where code can be loaded. &nbsp;Among those are restrictions on what </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">versions it will load on top of - so you can prevent loading old code </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">on top of newer versions. &nbsp;(In fact, you can even do things like </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">targeting the code to specific cards, by serial number.) </font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">As an aside... &nbsp;The ANSI standards committees are discussing future </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">key management standards, and are heading to a conclusion that OAEP </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">formatting should be used with AES keys. &nbsp;That is not final yet, but </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">it seems to be the feeling of most of the experts who participate. &nbsp;I </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">happen to agree. &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Let me say that I am not familiar with the IETF TLS discussion that is </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">the source of this thread, so I appologize if specifics related to </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">that standard reduce the relevance of my comments. &nbsp;<br>
<br>
<br>
-------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
Todd W. Arnold<br>
IBM Cryptographic Technology Development<br>
(704) 594-8253 &nbsp; FAX 594-1790<br>
-------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
email: &nbsp;arnoldt@us.ibm.com</font>

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 23 10:46:44 2001
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Date: Mon, 23 Jul 2001 10:45:24 -0400
From: John Border <border@hns.com>
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Re security considerations for 
 draft-tuexen-tsvwg-tls-over-sctp-00.txt...
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    Just curious...  (I don't know the answer.)  Does the use of abbreviated
handshakes for additional SCTP streams (as described in Section 5.2 of the
document) introduce any security considerations which need to be captured in
Section 6?  I didn't see any discussion of any issues related to the use of
abbreviated handshakes in RFC 2246 (but I am enough of a security novice that
it may be there and I just didn't recognize it)...


John

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Mon Jul 23 11:29:10 2001
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John Border <border@hns.com> writes:

>     Just curious...  (I don't know the answer.)  Does the use of abbreviated
> handshakes for additional SCTP streams (as described in Section 5.2 of the
> document) introduce any security considerations which need to be captured in
> Section 6?  I didn't see any discussion of any issues related to the use of
> abbreviated handshakes in RFC 2246 (but I am enough of a security novice that
> it may be there and I just didn't recognize it)...
The use of the term "abbreviated" in this draft is a bug. The correct
term is "resumed". There are no real security issues here. They
simply need to be treated as if they had the same security properties
as the original handshake.

-Ekr



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-------- Original Message --------
Subject: [ietf-tls] Straw poll on RSA-OAEP (Last call: AES ciphersuites for TLS)
Date: Sun, 22 Jul 2001 16:27:22 -0700 (PDT)
From: David Wagner <daw@cs.berkeley.edu>
To: david.hopwood@zetnet.co.uk

I tried to send one or two messages objecting to draft-04
(and favoring draft-03) as well, but they don't seem to have
gone through (I suspect it is because I read from a different
address that I post from, and maybe someone configured this
list to automatically reject such posts without notice--- grr...!),
but I don't have time to deal with it right now.  Anyway,
you can count me on your straw poll.

-- David [Wagner]
----------------------------------

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Tue Jul 24 07:00:42 2001
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From: Andreas Jungmaier <ajung@exp-math.uni-essen.de>
Organization: University of Essen, Germany
To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: security considerations for draft-tuexen-tsvwg-tls-over-sctp-00.txt...
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Monday, 23. July 2001 10:45, you wrote:
>     Just curious...  (I don't know the answer.)  Does the use of
> abbreviated handshakes for additional SCTP streams (as described in Section
> 5.2 of the document) introduce any security considerations which need to be
> captured in Section 6?  I didn't see any discussion of any issues related
> to the use of abbreviated handshakes in RFC 2246 (but I am enough of a
> security novice that it may be there and I just didn't recognize it)...

It is a resumed session as per appendix F.1.4. of RFC 2246, which we
intended to use, of course, as an abbreviated handshake.
Therefore it is just an adaptation of TLS to the SCTP.

This is one of the points that will need to be rephrased for the next
version.

Apart from that we invite further comments !

Best regards,

Andreas Jungmaier

- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 \|/ _____ \|/    Andreas Jungmaier, Dipl.-Ing. 
 "@'/ , . \`@"    University of Essen           ajung@exp-math.uni-essen.de
 /_| \___/ |__\   -> Computer Networking        Tel. : +49 (0201) 183-7636
    \___U_/          Technology Group <-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
PGP Public Key and Fingerprint: see http://www.exp-math.uni-essen.de/~ajung
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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 25 02:26:45 2001
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cc: shiho@sucaba.isl.ntt.co.jp
Subject: [ietf-tls] CipherSuite number conflict
Date: Wed, 25 Jul 2001 15:27:31 JST
From: Shiho MORIAI <shiho@sucaba.isl.ntt.co.jp>
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Win, could you show us some kind of document that includes the
official working group approved ciphersuite numbers?

From: "Singer, Ari" <ASinger@ntru.com> 
Date: Wed, 11 Jul 2001 16:20:01 -0400 
> I will be happy to change the ciphersuite numbers for the next draft
> of the NTRU-TLS document.

Which ciphersuite numbers will you use?  

We also have to change some of the ciphersuite numbers in
draft-ietf-tls-camellia-01.txt, because draft-ietf-tls-ecc-01.txt and
ours both allocate 'x47' thru 'x4C' as Paul V Ford-Hutchinson
<paulfordh@uk.ibm.com> pointed out. (Thank you!)  When I wrote
draft-ietf-tls-camellia-01.txt, I consulted Hidenori's proposal:
 > Subject: [ietf-tls] Re: I-D cipher suite numbers 
 >  From: "Hidenori Ohta" <hidenori@iss.isl.melco.co.jp> 
 >  Date: Sat, 17 Mar 2001 00:04:32 +0900 
however, the numbers 'x47' thru 'x4C' had been used.

Anyway, implementations of some SSL/TLS products including Camellia
are in progress.  I have to let them know the approved ciphersuite
numbers soon.

Best regards,
Shiho

Shiho Moriai 
NTT Laboratories  

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 25 16:51:52 2001
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To: "IETF Transport Layer Security WG" <ietf-tls@lists.certicom.com>
Subject: [ietf-tls] Straw poll on RSA-OAEP (Last call: AES ciphersuites for TLS)
From: Jon Saperia <saperia@jdscons.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Jul 2001 16:52:31 -0400
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I support draft-03 with PKCS#1 v1.5 for two reasons -- it is the right
technical solution and is the right way to update the specification.  I
do not support any broad changes in the padding scheme as an interim
change.   

On a technical basis, I support draft-03 with PKCS#1 v1.5 for many
of the reasons previously stated.

Of at least equal importance, I think that the implications of
changing the padding scheme are so broad that they should be implemented
not in an interim change, but during the next draft of TLS.  By making
these changes as part of the next draft of TLS, many of the potential
technical shortcomings could be addressed -- and a well thought-out
solution could be applied to all of the cipher suites.  Ideally, this
solution would not require the end users (e.g. owner's of web servers )
to have to start buying 2 web certs. instead of the current one.

Interim revisions should address interim issues or urgent
matters.  Significant changes such as this require the
greater deliberation, testing and peer review that comes with releasing
a new standard.

 
Thanks,
/jon

--
Jon Saperia		     saperia@jdscons.com
			     Phone: 617-744-1079
			     Fax:   617-249-0874
			     http://www.jdscons.com/

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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Wed Jul 25 17:24:06 2001
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Subject: [ietf-tls] Straw poll on RSA-OAEP (Last call: AES ciphersuites for TLS)
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I also support draft-03. While I think that we need to address OAEP vs 
PKCS #1 1.5 vs other padding options, I don't think last call on the AES 
draft is the right place to do so. This kind of change needs appropriate 
time for analysis on it's effects on the protocol. The fact that others 
have so easily presented potential issues shows the need to be 
conservative and not introduce to many new concepts in the new cipher suite.

bob


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From bounce-ietf-tls-3458737@lists.certicom.com  Thu Jul 26 17:31:39 2001
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From: Win Treese <treese@acm.org>
Subject: [ietf-tls] draft agenda for London meeting
Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 17:29:23 -0400
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Here is a proposed agenda for the TLS meeting in London. Please send
comments or suggestions to me.

Win Treese
Chair, TLS working group
treese@acm.org

Transport Layer Security WG (tls)

Wednesday, August 08 at 1300-1500
===============================

CHAIR:  Win Treese <treese@acm.org>

AGENDA:

1. Review of agenda and current status
2. Moving RFC 2246 to Draft Standard
3. CipherSuites
	AES Ciphersuites for TLS
		draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-04.txt
	ECC Cipher Suites For TLS
		draft-ietf-tls-ecc-01.txt
	56-bit Export Cipher Suites For TLS
		draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-01.txt
	Extensions to TLS for OpenPGP keys
		draft-ietf-tls-openpgp-01.txt
	Addition of MISTY1 to TLS
		draft-ietf-tls-misty1-01.txt
	Addition of the Camellia Encryption Algorithm to TLS
		draft-ietf-tls-camellia-01.txt
	Kerberos Cipher Suites in Transport Layer Security (TLS)
		draft-ietf-tls-kerb-00.txt
	NTRU Cipher Suites for TLS
		draft-ietf-tls-ntru-00.txt
4. Other Proposals
	TLS Extensions
		draft-ietf-tls-extensions-00.txt
	TLS Delegation Protocol
		draft-ietf-tls-delegation-01.txt
	Using SRP for TLS Authentication
		draft-ietf-tls-srp-01.txt
5. Open discussion: should the WG undertake to define a major revision
	to TLS? If so, what changes should we focus on?

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