
From simon@josefsson.org  Fri Apr  1 01:40:04 2011
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From: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
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Subject: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Hi,

I want to explain again what I (unsuccessfully) tried to raise during
the presentation.  First it helps to recall the protocol flow with
TLS-in-EAP, from the document:

         Client                                               Server
         ------                                               ------

         ClientHello(*)             -------->
                                                      ServerHello(*)
                                                       (Certificate)
                                                   ServerKeyExchange
                                            EapMsg(Identity-Request)
                                     <--------       ServerHelloDone
         ClientKeyExchange
         (CertificateVerify)
         ChangeCipherSpec
         InterimAuth
         EapMsg(Identity-Reply)     -------->
                                                    ChangeCipherSpec
                                                         InterimAuth
                                                EapMsg(GPSK-Request)
                                    <--------
         EapMsg(GPSK-Reply)         -------->
                                                EapMsg(GPSK-Request)
                                    <--------
         EapMsg(GPSK-Reply)         -------->
                                                     EapMsg(Success)
                                    <--------               Finished
         Finished                   -------->

Note that the "Finished" messages are not sent until AFTER the EAP
exchange.  This means that the "tls-unique" channel binding (which
refers to the Finished messages) is not available to the EAP mechanism.
That means that the EAP mechanism is not able to channel bind to TLS
using "tls-unique", which results in weaker than necessary
authentication as far as I can see.

Do you see the problem now?

I see a few solutions:

1) Specify that when EAP-in-TLS is used, the "tls-unique" channel
binding should use the "InterimAuth" message instead of the "Finished"
message.

2) Specify a channel binding for TLS that doesn't use the "Finished"
message.

3) Specify that you always need to complete a full TLS handshake first,
and then re-handshake and do the EAP handshake during that phase.

There may be other solutions.  At this point I don't have an opinion on
what is a good way to resolve this.

/Simon

From ynir@checkpoint.com  Fri Apr  1 03:50:38 2011
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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
Date: Fri, 1 Apr 2011 13:52:13 +0300
Thread-Topic: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Hi Simon

See below.

On Apr 1, 2011, at 11:41 AM, Simon Josefsson wrote:

> Hi,
>=20
> I want to explain again what I (unsuccessfully) tried to raise during
> the presentation.  First it helps to recall the protocol flow with
> TLS-in-EAP, from the document:
>=20
>         Client                                               Server
>         ------                                               ------
>=20
>         ClientHello(*)             -------->
>                                                      ServerHello(*)
>                                                       (Certificate)
>                                                   ServerKeyExchange
>                                            EapMsg(Identity-Request)
>                                     <--------       ServerHelloDone
>         ClientKeyExchange
>         (CertificateVerify)
>         ChangeCipherSpec
>         InterimAuth
>         EapMsg(Identity-Reply)     -------->
>                                                    ChangeCipherSpec
>                                                         InterimAuth
>                                                EapMsg(GPSK-Request)
>                                    <--------
>         EapMsg(GPSK-Reply)         -------->
>                                                EapMsg(GPSK-Request)
>                                    <--------
>         EapMsg(GPSK-Reply)         -------->
>                                                     EapMsg(Success)
>                                    <--------               Finished
>         Finished                   -------->
>=20
> Note that the "Finished" messages are not sent until AFTER the EAP
> exchange.  This means that the "tls-unique" channel binding (which
> refers to the Finished messages) is not available to the EAP mechanism.
> That means that the EAP mechanism is not able to channel bind to TLS
> using "tls-unique", which results in weaker than necessary
> authentication as far as I can see.
>=20
> Do you see the problem now?

I'm not sure that I do. While I understand an application using the tls-uni=
que channel binding, I don't understand what an EAP method would do with th=
e channel binding.=20

The Finished message calculation incorporates the MSK from the EAP method, =
and that binds the tls-unique that is available to applications to the auth=
entication.

>=20
> I see a few solutions:
>=20
> 1) Specify that when EAP-in-TLS is used, the "tls-unique" channel
> binding should use the "InterimAuth" message instead of the "Finished"
> message.

But the actual authentication happens after the InterimAuth, so that struct=
 is not bound to the authentication.

>=20
> 2) Specify a channel binding for TLS that doesn't use the "Finished"
> message.
>=20
> 3) Specify that you always need to complete a full TLS handshake first,
> and then re-handshake and do the EAP handshake during that phase.

Interestingly, this is the way it's usually done with certificates in the w=
eb browser case, so I would expect that this would be the way to use TLS-EA=
P as well. Authentication happens only in the https://www.example.com/login=
.html and after that we use anonymous TLS and session cookies. Since the ge=
t happens after the first handshake, the server sends a HelloRequest after =
it gets the "GET login.html" message.  But I don't understand why it's nece=
ssary for security.

>=20
> There may be other solutions.  At this point I don't have an opinion on
> what is a good way to resolve this.
>=20
> /Simon
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>=20
> Scanned by Check Point Total Security Gateway.


From nico@cryptonector.com  Fri Apr  1 16:54:46 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Fri, Apr 1, 2011 at 3:41 AM, Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org> wrote=
:
> I want to explain again what I (unsuccessfully) tried to raise during
> the presentation. =C2=A0First it helps to recall the protocol flow with
> TLS-in-EAP, from the document:
>
> [...]
>
> Note that the "Finished" messages are not sent until AFTER the EAP
> exchange. =C2=A0This means that the "tls-unique" channel binding (which
> refers to the Finished messages) is not available to the EAP mechanism.
> That means that the EAP mechanism is not able to channel bind to TLS
> using "tls-unique", which results in weaker than necessary
> authentication as far as I can see.
> [...]

> I see a few solutions:
>
> 1) Specify that when EAP-in-TLS is used, the "tls-unique" channel
> binding should use the "InterimAuth" message instead of the "Finished"
> message.
>
> 2) Specify a channel binding for TLS that doesn't use the "Finished"
> message.
>
> 3) Specify that you always need to complete a full TLS handshake first,
> and then re-handshake and do the EAP handshake during that phase.
>
> There may be other solutions. =C2=A0At this point I don't have an opinion=
 on
> what is a good way to resolve this.

The situation here is not that different to past proposals to do
GSS-API authentication in TLS.  And the objections to using EAP in TLS
must be similar to the objections to using GSS in TLS -- objections I
myself have.

I strongly encourage the proponents to look at
draft-williams-tls-sasl-opt-04, which is my proposed solution for
mixing SASL/GSS-API and TLS in a round-trip optimal way (though it
could be further optimized by adding an optimistic GSS mechanism
selection and using MIC tokens to do the channel binding).  I believe
the same approach ought to work equally well for EAP.  The nice thing
about my proposal is that it makes no changes to TLS -- it uses TLS
extensions, but it does not change the TLS state machine.

Nico
--

From simon@josefsson.org  Sat Apr  2 00:15:26 2011
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

> I strongly encourage the proponents to look at
> draft-williams-tls-sasl-opt-04

+1.  Your document has the channel binding discussion I was looking for
in EAP-in-TLS.

/Simon

From ynir@checkpoint.com  Sat Apr  2 10:58:37 2011
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Cc: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Apr 2, 2011, at 2:51 AM, Nico Williams wrote:

>=20
> The situation here is not that different to past proposals to do
> GSS-API authentication in TLS.  And the objections to using EAP in TLS
> must be similar to the objections to using GSS in TLS -- objections I
> myself have.
>=20
> I strongly encourage the proponents to look at
> draft-williams-tls-sasl-opt-04, which is my proposed solution for
> mixing SASL/GSS-API and TLS in a round-trip optimal way (though it
> could be further optimized by adding an optimistic GSS mechanism
> selection and using MIC tokens to do the channel binding).  I believe
> the same approach ought to work equally well for EAP.  The nice thing
> about my proposal is that it makes no changes to TLS -- it uses TLS
> extensions, but it does not change the TLS state machine.

Hi Nico,

Thanks for this. One of our earlier versions of our proposal looked like th=
is:
         Client                                               Server
         ------                                               ------

         ClientHello(*)             -------->
                                                      ServerHello(*)
                                                       (Certificate)
                                                   ServerKeyExchange
                                            EapMsg(Identity-Request)
                                     <--------       ServerHelloDone
         ClientKeyExchange
         ChangeCipherSpec
         Finished
         EapMsg(Identity-Reply)     -------->
                                                    ChangeCipherSpec
                                                            Finished
                                                EapMsg(GPSK-Request)
                                    <--------
         EapMsg(GPSK-Reply)         -------->
                                                EapMsg(GPSK-Request)
                                    <--------
         EapMsg(GPSK-Reply)         -------->
                                                     EapMsg(Success)
                                    <--------           EAP-Finished
         EAP-Finished               -------->

The only difference is that InterimAuth is renamed to "Finished", and the l=
ast handshake message is renamed to "EAP-Finished". Putting it like this, i=
t looks very much like figure 2 in your draft. The reason we chose to go wi=
th InterimAuth in the middle rather EAP-Finished in the end was because the=
 usual semantic for "Finished" is that the application data follows, while =
we consider the EAP part to be an extension of the handshake that precedes =
application data. In your draft, the SASL authentication is sent as data.

EAP methods have no use for the tls-unique channel binding. However, I thin=
k that whether the EAP message is sent as a handshake message or as applica=
tion data, the calculation of tls-unique needs to change in case of EAP aut=
hentication. Do you think a good value for it would be to take the tls-uniq=
ue used for the Finished (or "interimAuth") record, concatenate the MSK fro=
m EAP, and hash them together?

If a proposal like this is more palatable to the group (and doesn't change =
the state machine as much), I think this can be worked out.

Yoav




From nico@cryptonector.com  Sun Apr  3 21:34:28 2011
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Cc: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Sat, Apr 2, 2011 at 1:00 PM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> Thanks for this. One of our earlier versions of our proposal looked like =
this:
>
> [...]
>
> The only difference is that InterimAuth is renamed to "Finished", and the=
 last handshake message is renamed to "EAP-Finished". Putting it like this,=
 it looks very much like figure 2 in your draft. The reason we chose to go =
with InterimAuth in the middle rather EAP-Finished in the end was because t=
he usual semantic for "Finished" is that the application data follows, whil=
e we consider the EAP part to be an extension of the handshake that precede=
s application data. In your draft, the SASL authentication is sent as data.

Indeed!  This is very much like my proposal.  The key is that the
round-trips required by EAP beyond those required by TLS do not hold
up the end of the TLS handshake.  The application can negotiate the
use of EAP in this way via a Hello extensions and then the application
can hold off the start of the normal application data protocol until
after the EAP (or GSS, or SASL, or whatever) exchange completes.

I believe none of the normal objections to earlier proposals apply to
such a design because a) only normal TLS extension slots are used, b)
the TLS state machine is not changed, only the application protocol is
changed.  In fact, no changes should be needed to any TLS
implementation that provides the necessary extensions hooks, and this
is a critical feature.

> EAP methods have no use for the tls-unique channel binding. However, I th=
ink that whether the EAP message is sent as a handshake message or as appli=
cation data, the calculation of tls-unique needs to change in case of EAP a=
uthentication. Do you think a good value for it would be to take the tls-un=
ique used for the Finished (or "interimAuth") record, concatenate the MSK f=
rom EAP, and hash them together?

I'm not sure that EAP has no use for tls-unique here...  Suppose
you're talking to an MITM (see the Comodo CA compromise...).  Don't
you want to make sure that they are not able to cut-n-paste the EAP
exchange to the real service??  I would think that you do!  In EAP
this would be called "cryptographic binding", not "channel binding" --
we have a sad terminology issue :(

> If a proposal like this is more palatable to the group (and doesn't chang=
e the state machine as much), I think this can be worked out.

I have found it very difficult to elicit approving noises from the TLS
WG, but as you know it's quite simple to get the WG to make negative
noises.  I'm not sure how you'd go about getting approving noises
other than to push through and see what happens as your I-D
progresses.

However, as I said, the key test of whether your proposal plays well
with TLS will be whether you need to make any changes to TLS itself.
If you can avoid TLS changes (to the spec, to implementations [except
for the purpose of adding TLS functionality already specified]) then
you're golden.  I'd go further: your work wouldn't even fall under the
TLS WG charter (though you'd still want to give the WG's participants
an opportunity to review your I-D).  In other words: just adjust back
to the protocol design described above and in my I-D and move forward
towards publication.

Nico
--

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From: Michael D'Errico <mike-list@pobox.com>
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Cc: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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I admit to not knowing what EAP-TLS is, but from reading this message
it seems like the EAP exchange could maybe benefit from defining a new
record type.  Perhaps that's already what's done?  Or is there a reason
to not do that?

Mike



Nico Williams wrote:
> On Sat, Apr 2, 2011 at 1:00 PM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
>> Thanks for this. One of our earlier versions of our proposal looked like this:
>>
>> [...]
>>
>> The only difference is that InterimAuth is renamed to "Finished", and the last handshake message is renamed to "EAP-Finished". Putting it like this, it looks very much like figure 2 in your draft. The reason we chose to go with InterimAuth in the middle rather EAP-Finished in the end was because the usual semantic for "Finished" is that the application data follows, while we consider the EAP part to be an extension of the handshake that precedes application data. In your draft, the SASL authentication is sent as data.
> 
> Indeed!  This is very much like my proposal.  The key is that the
> round-trips required by EAP beyond those required by TLS do not hold
> up the end of the TLS handshake.  The application can negotiate the
> use of EAP in this way via a Hello extensions and then the application
> can hold off the start of the normal application data protocol until
> after the EAP (or GSS, or SASL, or whatever) exchange completes.
> 
> I believe none of the normal objections to earlier proposals apply to
> such a design because a) only normal TLS extension slots are used, b)
> the TLS state machine is not changed, only the application protocol is
> changed.  In fact, no changes should be needed to any TLS
> implementation that provides the necessary extensions hooks, and this
> is a critical feature.
> 
>> EAP methods have no use for the tls-unique channel binding. However, I think that whether the EAP message is sent as a handshake message or as application data, the calculation of tls-unique needs to change in case of EAP authentication. Do you think a good value for it would be to take the tls-unique used for the Finished (or "interimAuth") record, concatenate the MSK from EAP, and hash them together?
> 
> I'm not sure that EAP has no use for tls-unique here...  Suppose
> you're talking to an MITM (see the Comodo CA compromise...).  Don't
> you want to make sure that they are not able to cut-n-paste the EAP
> exchange to the real service??  I would think that you do!  In EAP
> this would be called "cryptographic binding", not "channel binding" --
> we have a sad terminology issue :(
> 
>> If a proposal like this is more palatable to the group (and doesn't change the state machine as much), I think this can be worked out.
> 
> I have found it very difficult to elicit approving noises from the TLS
> WG, but as you know it's quite simple to get the WG to make negative
> noises.  I'm not sure how you'd go about getting approving noises
> other than to push through and see what happens as your I-D
> progresses.
> 
> However, as I said, the key test of whether your proposal plays well
> with TLS will be whether you need to make any changes to TLS itself.
> If you can avoid TLS changes (to the spec, to implementations [except
> for the purpose of adding TLS functionality already specified]) then
> you're golden.  I'd go further: your work wouldn't even fall under the
> TLS WG charter (though you'd still want to give the WG's participants
> an opportunity to review your I-D).  In other words: just adjust back
> to the protocol design described above and in my I-D and move forward
> towards publication.
> 
> Nico

From nico@cryptonector.com  Sun Apr  3 22:07:38 2011
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Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2011 00:09:18 -0500
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Sun, Apr 3, 2011 at 11:55 PM, Michael D'Errico <mike-list@pobox.com> wro=
te:
> I admit to not knowing what EAP-TLS is, but from reading this message
> it seems like the EAP exchange could maybe benefit from defining a new
> record type. =C2=A0Perhaps that's already what's done? =C2=A0Or is there =
a reason
> to not do that?

It's completely unnecessary.  Imagine that you have an application
that uses TLS to which you're adding some feature, and this feature
requires three round-trips at the beginning, and suppose further more
that there's nothing wrong, security-wise[*], with doing some or all
of those round-trips without the protection of TLS.  That's pretty
much the situation here (the number of round-trips may vary in the
actual case at hand).

The obvious thing to do then is to piggy-back the first two
round-trips of this application protocol feature, as well as the
negotiation of it. on the TLS handshake.  That's it, that's all Yoav
wants to do, and it's all I want to do.

Since we're talking about an application feature, there's no need to
define a new record type.  Defining a new record type would only slow
things down.  HOWEVER, if we had N such features to piggy-back on the
TLS handshake in parallel, then we'd need some additional framing --
such framing would still not, IMO, rise to the level of a new record
type, but it would be desirable to standardize on such framing in one
place (TLS) than in many (one per-application protocol).  (I don't
think we'll have N>1 such extensions in use concurrently, and I don't
think it'd be a tragedy if we ended up with many such framing specs.)

[*] These exchanges do get integrity protection via the Finished
messages; they just don't get confidentiality protection unless they
are done in a the handshakes of TLS renegotiations.  The reason it's
safe to not provide the same level of protection to this feature as to
the rest of the application will almost always be because either a)
this feature negotiates features that are not security-sensitive
and/or b) this feature is an authentication feature distinct from, but
bound to, TLS.

Nico
--

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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2011 08:44:29 +0200
Thread-Topic: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Apr 4, 2011, at 7:36 AM, Nico Williams wrote:

> On Sat, Apr 2, 2011 at 1:00 PM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
>> Thanks for this. One of our earlier versions of our proposal looked like=
 this:
>>=20
>> [...]
>>=20
>> The only difference is that InterimAuth is renamed to "Finished", and th=
e last handshake message is renamed to "EAP-Finished". Putting it like this=
, it looks very much like figure 2 in your draft. The reason we chose to go=
 with InterimAuth in the middle rather EAP-Finished in the end was because =
the usual semantic for "Finished" is that the application data follows, whi=
le we consider the EAP part to be an extension of the handshake that preced=
es application data. In your draft, the SASL authentication is sent as data=
.
>=20
> Indeed!  This is very much like my proposal.  The key is that the
> round-trips required by EAP beyond those required by TLS do not hold
> up the end of the TLS handshake.  The application can negotiate the
> use of EAP in this way via a Hello extensions and then the application
> can hold off the start of the normal application data protocol until
> after the EAP (or GSS, or SASL, or whatever) exchange completes.

One of our design goals is to make password authentication part of the TLS =
handshake, just as certificate authentication is. After the handshake compl=
etes, the TLS library gives the server application an API to get the DN pre=
sented in the certificate that the client used. We would have liked to have=
 a similar (or the same) API for password authentication. In other words, I=
 don't want EAP, GSS or SASL to be implemented by the application, but by t=
he infrastructure.

Having said that, a particular library can expose the same APIs to the appl=
ication even if some of the records that it generates are "application data=
" records rather than handshake. The question of what kind of record carrie=
s the EAP and EAP-finished is independent of the question of separation bet=
ween library and application.

>=20
> I believe none of the normal objections to earlier proposals apply to
> such a design because a) only normal TLS extension slots are used, b)
> the TLS state machine is not changed, only the application protocol is
> changed.  In fact, no changes should be needed to any TLS
> implementation that provides the necessary extensions hooks, and this
> is a critical feature.

I'm not sure how the state machine is not changed just because the "Finishe=
d" message precedes the EAP. You still can't get real application data out =
before the EAP has concluded successfully, so the state machine has to acco=
unt for that.

>=20
>> EAP methods have no use for the tls-unique channel binding. However, I t=
hink that whether the EAP message is sent as a handshake message or as appl=
ication data, the calculation of tls-unique needs to change in case of EAP =
authentication. Do you think a good value for it would be to take the tls-u=
nique used for the Finished (or "interimAuth") record, concatenate the MSK =
from EAP, and hash them together?
>=20
> I'm not sure that EAP has no use for tls-unique here...  Suppose
> you're talking to an MITM (see the Comodo CA compromise...).  Don't
> you want to make sure that they are not able to cut-n-paste the EAP
> exchange to the real service??  I would think that you do!  In EAP
> this would be called "cryptographic binding", not "channel binding" --
> we have a sad terminology issue :(

Some EAP methods, especially the good ones, have some random values in them=
, so they're protected against cut-and-paste. The security considerations s=
hould state why it's a good idea to use such methods.

>=20
>> If a proposal like this is more palatable to the group (and doesn't chan=
ge the state machine as much), I think this can be worked out.
>=20
> I have found it very difficult to elicit approving noises from the TLS
> WG, but as you know it's quite simple to get the WG to make negative
> noises.  I'm not sure how you'd go about getting approving noises
> other than to push through and see what happens as your I-D
> progresses.
>=20
> However, as I said, the key test of whether your proposal plays well
> with TLS will be whether you need to make any changes to TLS itself.
> If you can avoid TLS changes (to the spec, to implementations [except
> for the purpose of adding TLS functionality already specified]) then
> you're golden.  I'd go further: your work wouldn't even fall under the
> TLS WG charter (though you'd still want to give the WG's participants
> an opportunity to review your I-D).  In other words: just adjust back
> to the protocol design described above and in my I-D and move forward
> towards publication.
>=20
> Nico
> --


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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Yoav Nir wrote:
> 
> One of our design goals is to make password authentication part of the TLS handshake, just as certificate authentication is.

Forgive me if this is another stupid question, but have you
looked at the Secure Remote Password (SRP) cipher suites in
RFC 5054?

Mike

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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Sure, but those require the verifiers (salted hashes of the passwords) to b=
e stored on the TLS server.=20

I don't think there's a good way to get TLS-SRP to work with a backend AAA =
server.

-----Original Message-----
From: Michael D'Errico [mailto:mike-list@pobox.com]=20
Sent: 04 April 2011 10:00
To: Yoav Nir
Cc: Nico Williams; Simon Josefsson; tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

Yoav Nir wrote:
>=20
> One of our design goals is to make password authentication part of the TL=
S handshake, just as certificate authentication is.

Forgive me if this is another stupid question, but have you looked at the S=
ecure Remote Password (SRP) cipher suites in RFC 5054?

Mike

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr  4 00:24:37 2011
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Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2011 02:26:12 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
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Cc: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 1:44 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> On Apr 4, 2011, at 7:36 AM, Nico Williams wrote:
>> On Sat, Apr 2, 2011 at 1:00 PM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
>>> Thanks for this. One of our earlier versions of our proposal looked lik=
e this:
>>>
>>> [...]
>>
>> Indeed! =C2=A0This is very much like my proposal. =C2=A0The key is that =
the
>> round-trips required by EAP beyond those required by TLS do not hold
>> up the end of the TLS handshake. =C2=A0The application can negotiate the
>> use of EAP in this way via a Hello extensions and then the application
>> can hold off the start of the normal application data protocol until
>> after the EAP (or GSS, or SASL, or whatever) exchange completes.
>
> One of our design goals is to make password authentication part of the TL=
S handshake, just as certificate authentication is. After the handshake com=
pletes, the TLS library gives the server application an API to get the DN p=
resented in the certificate that the client used. We would have liked to ha=
ve a similar (or the same) API for password authentication. In other words,=
 I don't want EAP, GSS or SASL to be implemented by the application, but by=
 the infrastructure.

I understand the urge to make this transparent to TLS applications.
Nothing stops you from achieving that in spite of the protocol being
designed to as to not modify TLS proper.

That is, you could choose to implement your original approach, the one
that resembles mine, such that your TLS library does all the work
without the application having to know (though, of course, if you have
to prompt the user you'll need to find a way, and that might mean
having the application provide callback functions/closures for that
purpose, or you might prompt out of band via a pop-up dialog).

But in terms of not upsetting the TLS apple cart, the best way to
achieve that appears to be to follow an approach that makes no changes
to TLS proper.  I'm not sure that I agree that the TLS state machine
is so precious that it must be preserved at all costs -- I'm only
pointing out that this appears to be paramount to many people you'd
need to reach consensus.  I suspect that the TLS state machine is
important because assumptions about it are burned into some TLS API
designs, concentrators, ...  This is another reason to want standard
abstract APIs: so that actual APIs are designed to a pattern that
provides extensibility instead of leaving us stuck with an extremely
constraining set of TLS handshake patterns.

> Having said that, a particular library can expose the same APIs to the ap=
plication even if some of the records that it generates are "application da=
ta" records rather than handshake. The question of what kind of record carr=
ies the EAP and EAP-finished is independent of the question of separation b=
etween library and application.

Exactly!  I'm calling these additional messages "application
messages", but in fact they are perfect candidates for abstracting in
a common library, preferably the TLS library itself.

> I'm not sure how the state machine is not changed just because the "Finis=
hed" message precedes the EAP. You still can't get real application data ou=
t before the EAP has concluded successfully, so the state machine has to ac=
count for that.

Yeah, but not the TLS state machine.  Rather, the state machine of
your protocol.

>> I'm not sure that EAP has no use for tls-unique here... =C2=A0Suppose
>> you're talking to an MITM (see the Comodo CA compromise...). =C2=A0Don't
>> you want to make sure that they are not able to cut-n-paste the EAP
>> exchange to the real service?? =C2=A0I would think that you do! =C2=A0In=
 EAP
>> this would be called "cryptographic binding", not "channel binding" --
>> we have a sad terminology issue :(
>
> Some EAP methods, especially the good ones, have some random values in th=
em, so they're protected against cut-and-paste. The security considerations=
 should state why it's a good idea to use such methods.

I'm not seeing that.  Let's say we have a client C, an MITM M, a
server S, and a AAA server A.  So we have C<->M<->S and C<=3DM<->S=3D>A.
M terminates a TLS connection to C and is the client of a TLS
connection to S, and M relays all other messages (including the TLS
extensions for carrying EAP messages) between C and S until the point
where the EAP exchange is complete, and then M closes the connection
to C.  From that point on M pretends to be the user authenticated by
EAP.

To prevent that attack we have to do something such as a) change the
keying of TLS, or b) demonstrate to C and S that they have the same
TLS connection.  We can't do (a) because you might not be able to
change keying until after some point in the EAP exchanges that is past
the TLS ChangeCipherSpec and Finished  message exchanges, and you
can't delay those TLS messages because you can't change the TLS state
machine.  That leaves you with (b).

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr  4 00:34:10 2011
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Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2011 02:35:45 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
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Cc: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:16 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> Sure, but those require the verifiers (salted hashes of the passwords) to be stored on the TLS server.
>
> I don't think there's a good way to get TLS-SRP to work with a backend AAA server.

I think it's doable IF you have AAA support for SRP verifiers.  But
most folks who have AAA infrastructures don't have SRP verifiers.  One
could simply acquire those verifiers over time as users change their
passwords, but that is a big barrier to adoption.

The principle I like to hold, regarding authentication
infrastructures, is this: we should enable you to use, in Internet
protocols, whatever authentication infrastructure you have already
deployed.  Corollary: we should not force anyone to deploy any
particular authentication infrastructure, much less N different ones
(one for each Internet protocol).  Some people have Kerberos
infrastructures, some have AAA, some have PKIX (and smartcards), some
have any two or all three of those; our protocols should work in all
those cases.

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr  4 00:40:33 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:26 AM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote=
:
> On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 1:44 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
>>> I'm not sure that EAP has no use for tls-unique here... =C2=A0Suppose
>>> you're talking to an MITM (see the Comodo CA compromise...). =C2=A0Don'=
t
>>> you want to make sure that they are not able to cut-n-paste the EAP
>>> exchange to the real service?? =C2=A0I would think that you do! =C2=A0I=
n EAP
>>> this would be called "cryptographic binding", not "channel binding" --
>>> we have a sad terminology issue :(
>>
>> Some EAP methods, especially the good ones, have some random values in t=
hem, so they're protected against cut-and-paste. The security consideration=
s should state why it's a good idea to use such methods.
>
> I'm not seeing that. =C2=A0Let's say we have a client C, an MITM M, a
> server S, and a AAA server A. =C2=A0So we have C<->M<->S and C<=3DM<->S=
=3D>A.
> M terminates a TLS connection to C and is the client of a TLS
> connection to S, and M relays all other messages (including the TLS
> extensions for carrying EAP messages) between C and S until the point
> where the EAP exchange is complete, and then M closes the connection
> to C. =C2=A0From that point on M pretends to be the user authenticated by
> EAP.
>
> To prevent that attack we have to do something such as a) change the
> keying of TLS, or b) demonstrate to C and S that they have the same
> TLS connection. =C2=A0We can't do (a) because you might not be able to
> change keying until after some point in the EAP exchanges that is past
> the TLS ChangeCipherSpec and Finished =C2=A0message exchanges, and you
> can't delay those TLS messages because you can't change the TLS state
> machine. =C2=A0That leaves you with (b).

BTW, this is properly the province of RFC5056 channel binding.  That's
because you have a secure channel (TLS) and authentication above it
(EAP), and you want the channel to speak for the authenticated
parties, which is precisely what RFC5056 channel binding is all about.

Also, you should go look at ABFAB WG.  ABFAB is working on an
EAP-based mechanism for the GSS-API (they have much running code too,
so it's not pie in the sky).  Combined with
draft-williams-tls-sasl-opt, ABFAB would give you pretty much the same
exact thing you're trying to accomplish :)

Nico
--

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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

> But in terms of not upsetting the TLS apple cart, the best way to
> achieve that appears to be to follow an approach that makes no changes
> to TLS proper.  I'm not sure that I agree that the TLS state machine
> is so precious that it must be preserved at all costs -- I'm only
> pointing out that this appears to be paramount to many people you'd
> need to reach consensus.  I suspect that the TLS state machine is
> important because assumptions about it are burned into some TLS API
> designs, concentrators, ... 

I'd wish I understood the argument against modifying the state machine
better.  As an implementer, I don't see any problem making the change.
As far as I understood EKR at the meeting, his concern was not based on
implementation arguments.

Still, given Nico's proposal, which does not affect the state machine,
it seems we could implement support SASL and probably also EAP in TLS
without state machine modifications.

/Simon

From ynir@checkpoint.com  Mon Apr  4 04:28:37 2011
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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2011 13:30:08 +0200
Thread-Topic: Modifying the TLS state machine
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Modifying the TLS state machine
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On Apr 4, 2011, at 12:45 PM, Simon Josefsson wrote:

> Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
>=20
>> But in terms of not upsetting the TLS apple cart, the best way to
>> achieve that appears to be to follow an approach that makes no changes
>> to TLS proper.  I'm not sure that I agree that the TLS state machine
>> is so precious that it must be preserved at all costs -- I'm only
>> pointing out that this appears to be paramount to many people you'd
>> need to reach consensus.  I suspect that the TLS state machine is
>> important because assumptions about it are burned into some TLS API
>> designs, concentrators, ...=20
>=20
> I'd wish I understood the argument against modifying the state machine
> better.  As an implementer, I don't see any problem making the change.
> As far as I understood EKR at the meeting, his concern was not based on
> implementation arguments.

Me neither

> Still, given Nico's proposal, which does not affect the state machine,
> it seems we could implement support SASL and probably also EAP in TLS
> without state machine modifications.

I don't know. If I call OpenSSL or GnuTLS or SChannel to perform a TLS hand=
shake with password authentication, and it does the TLS handshake followed =
by an EAP exchange before returning to the application, then somewhere a st=
ate machine has changed. It doesn't really matter if the EAP messages are s=
end as handshake records or "application data" records. Either way there ha=
s to be a state machine that takes care of requests and responses.

It may be that for some implementations it separates nicely into a TLS stat=
e machine, and then an EAP state machine, with some big state machine that =
controls how one state machine is used before the other. But this is not th=
e case for all implementations, and it's not necessarily the cleanest way t=
o implement this either.=

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr  4 05:33:59 2011
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Modifying the TLS state machine
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Personally, I'd just modify TLS.  It may be that today attitudes have
changed regarding such changes.  A few years ago when Stefan was
pushing TLS-GSS there was a lot of resistance on state machine change
grounds -- at least as far as I recall, and that's what I based my I-D
and some of my comments on your proposal.  (The CB-related comments,
however, are not related to TLS change machince change resistance.)

BTW, by state machine I'm referring to the number of round-trips and
expectations of when the exchange is complete.  In SASL and the
GSS-API, for example, the state machine allows for a variable number
of round-trips -- applications should not assume any particular
number.  In TLS the number of round-trips has always been 1.5 or 2,
depending on context (session resumption vs. not).  This difference
means that one could have designed TLS APIs such that the addition of
round-trips could not be made without changing the applications that
use those APIs, but then the obvious thing to do is to not negotiate
state-machine-changing extensions to TLS when using such APIs.  So
I'll admit that I'm also baffled by the unchanging state machine
restriction; it may be that I just never understood it properly.

EKR?  Can you shed some light on this?

Nico
--

From ekr@rtfm.com  Mon Apr  4 07:55:00 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Modifying the TLS state machine
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On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:45 AM, Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org> wrote=
:
> Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
>
>> But in terms of not upsetting the TLS apple cart, the best way to
>> achieve that appears to be to follow an approach that makes no changes
>> to TLS proper. =A0I'm not sure that I agree that the TLS state machine
>> is so precious that it must be preserved at all costs -- I'm only
>> pointing out that this appears to be paramount to many people you'd
>> need to reach consensus. =A0I suspect that the TLS state machine is
>> important because assumptions about it are burned into some TLS API
>> designs, concentrators, ...
>
> I'd wish I understood the argument against modifying the state machine
> better. =A0As an implementer, I don't see any problem making the change.
> As far as I understood EKR at the meeting, his concern was not based on
> implementation arguments.

No, it's based on layer separation and cleanliness of protocol analysis.
TLS is a relatively straightforward protocol with a state machine which is
easy to analyze. (and there has been a huge amount of analysis on it)
and yet even so we got it partly wrong as the renegotiation issue shows.
Interlacing the TLS state machine with the EAP state
machine as you propose complicates it and makes analysis much harder.
As there's no compelling reason to do so, we shouldn't.


> Still, given Nico's proposal, which does not affect the state machine,
> it seems we could implement support SASL and probably also EAP in TLS
> without state machine modifications.

Agreed.

-Ekr

From yaronf.ietf@gmail.com  Mon Apr  4 08:14:00 2011
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Also, EAP as a generic infrastructure is making steady (albeit slow) 
progress with channel bindings and the NEA work. And it provides two 
recently published password-based protocols: 
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6124 and http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5931.

Thanks,
	Yaron

>
> Message: 1
> Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2011 09:16:57 +0200
> From: Yoav Nir<ynir@checkpoint.com>
> Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
> To: "'Michael D'Errico'"<mike-list@pobox.com>
> Cc: "tls@ietf.org"<tls@ietf.org>, Simon Josefsson
> 	<simon@josefsson.org>
> Message-ID:
> 	<006FEB08D9C6444AB014105C9AEB133F013ABE025DF8@il-ex01.ad.checkpoint.com>
> 	
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>
> Sure, but those require the verifiers (salted hashes of the passwords) to be stored on the TLS server.
>
> I don't think there's a good way to get TLS-SRP to work with a backend AAA server.
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Michael D'Errico [mailto:mike-list@pobox.com]
> Sent: 04 April 2011 10:00
> To: Yoav Nir
> Cc: Nico Williams; Simon Josefsson; tls@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
>
> Yoav Nir wrote:
>>
>> One of our design goals is to make password authentication part of the TLS handshake, just as certificate authentication is.
>
> Forgive me if this is another stupid question, but have you looked at the Secure Remote Password (SRP) cipher suites in RFC 5054?
>
> Mike
>
>
> ------------------------------

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Subject: Re: [TLS] Modifying the TLS state machine
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On 04/04/2011 04:56 PM, Eric Rescorla wrote:

>> I'd wish I understood the argument against modifying the state machine
>> better.  As an implementer, I don't see any problem making the change.
>> As far as I understood EKR at the meeting, his concern was not based on
>> implementation arguments.
> No, it's based on layer separation and cleanliness of protocol analysis.
> TLS is a relatively straightforward protocol with a state machine which is
> easy to analyze. (and there has been a huge amount of analysis on it)
> and yet even so we got it partly wrong as the renegotiation issue shows.
> Interlacing the TLS state machine with the EAP state
> machine as you propose complicates it and makes analysis much harder.
> As there's no compelling reason to do so, we shouldn't.

I doubt that the existing analysis of TLS would apply to such
a modification as EAP-TLS. Moreover there are so many EAP mechanisms
that an analysis of such a modification would not be possible for all
possible cases.

regards,
Nikos

From ekr@rtfm.com  Mon Apr  4 08:34:26 2011
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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com>
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To: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Modifying the TLS state machine
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On Apr 4, 2011, at 8:21, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:

> On 04/04/2011 04:56 PM, Eric Rescorla wrote:
>=20
>>> I'd wish I understood the argument against modifying the state machine
>>> better.  As an implementer, I don't see any problem making the change.
>>> As far as I understood EKR at the meeting, his concern was not based on
>>> implementation arguments.
>> No, it's based on layer separation and cleanliness of protocol analysis.
>> TLS is a relatively straightforward protocol with a state machine which i=
s
>> easy to analyze. (and there has been a huge amount of analysis on it)
>> and yet even so we got it partly wrong as the renegotiation issue shows.
>> Interlacing the TLS state machine with the EAP state
>> machine as you propose complicates it and makes analysis much harder.
>> As there's no compelling reason to do so, we shouldn't.
>=20
> I doubt that the existing analysis of TLS would apply to such
> a modification as EAP-TLS. Moreover there are so many EAP mechanisms
> that an analysis of such a modification would not be possible for all
> possible cases.

I certainly agree with this but that seems to me to be an argument for keepi=
ng these mechanisms separate and composing them with channel bindings

Ekr=

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Subject: Re: [TLS] Modifying the TLS state machine
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On 04/04/2011 05:34 PM, Eric Rescorla wrote:

>>> No, it's based on layer separation and cleanliness of protocol analysis.
>>> TLS is a relatively straightforward protocol with a state machine which is
>>> easy to analyze. (and there has been a huge amount of analysis on it)
>>> and yet even so we got it partly wrong as the renegotiation issue shows.
>>> Interlacing the TLS state machine with the EAP state
>>> machine as you propose complicates it and makes analysis much harder.
>>> As there's no compelling reason to do so, we shouldn't.
>>
>> I doubt that the existing analysis of TLS would apply to such
>> a modification as EAP-TLS. Moreover there are so many EAP mechanisms
>> that an analysis of such a modification would not be possible for all
>> possible cases.
> I certainly agree with this but that seems to me to be an argument for keeping these mechanisms separate and composing them with channel bindings

Totally agree.


regards,
Nikos

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr  4 09:22:33 2011
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On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 9:56 AM, Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com> wrote:
> On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:45 AM, Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org> wro=
te:
>> Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
>>
>>> But in terms of not upsetting the TLS apple cart, the best way to
>>> achieve that appears to be to follow an approach that makes no changes
>>> to TLS proper. =C2=A0I'm not sure that I agree that the TLS state machi=
ne
>>> is so precious that it must be preserved at all costs -- I'm only
>>> pointing out that this appears to be paramount to many people you'd
>>> need to reach consensus. =C2=A0I suspect that the TLS state machine is
>>> important because assumptions about it are burned into some TLS API
>>> designs, concentrators, ...
>>
>> I'd wish I understood the argument against modifying the state machine
>> better. =C2=A0As an implementer, I don't see any problem making the chan=
ge.
>> As far as I understood EKR at the meeting, his concern was not based on
>> implementation arguments.
>
> No, it's based on layer separation and cleanliness of protocol analysis.
> TLS is a relatively straightforward protocol with a state machine which i=
s
> easy to analyze. (and there has been a huge amount of analysis on it)
> and yet even so we got it partly wrong as the renegotiation issue shows.
> Interlacing the TLS state machine with the EAP state
> machine as you propose complicates it and makes analysis much harder.

OK, this is good.  It's not about round-trips, but about security
analysis.  In that case my approach to this problem is clean, or so I
hope you'd agree.  (In my approach the only "interlacing" is in the
form of channel binding, and everything else is just an optimization.
The only odd thing is the application protocol early start part, but
surely you don't think that's a big deal, right?)

>> Still, given Nico's proposal, which does not affect the state machine,
>> it seems we could implement support SASL and probably also EAP in TLS
>> without state machine modifications.
>
> Agreed.

Is that an endorsement of my approach in draft-williams-tls-sasl-opt?

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr  4 09:23:54 2011
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References: <87ipuycqip.fsf@latte.josefsson.org> <AANLkTi=qgzJSizeS22ewyYB3cHZBoESMXrt0xO=QJgHP@mail.gmail.com> <F50A7509-951E-435E-A00B-2D366F240B19@checkpoint.com> <BANLkTikROgMh-dP=fT6ZQr1o-A90fgnxzQ@mail.gmail.com> <B299FA78-95CD-478D-B129-51AD04872C51@checkpoint.com> <BANLkTimicdj2y9eJ3XRA2FYX5uU6XpZ95w@mail.gmail.com> <87lizqz6xa.fsf_-_@latte.josefsson.org> <BANLkTikdj8Zr17ihZdqfa7ezAK8_aHHqWA@mail.gmail.com> <4D99E1F0.2060107@gnutls.org> <BB09AB9F-CF8A-4BB4-B0E1-5F6C912E8DEF@rtfm.com>
Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2011 11:25:29 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com>
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Cc: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] Modifying the TLS state machine
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On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 10:34 AM, Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com> wrote:
> On Apr 4, 2011, at 8:21, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:
>> I doubt that the existing analysis of TLS would apply to such
>> a modification as EAP-TLS. Moreover there are so many EAP mechanisms
>> that an analysis of such a modification would not be possible for all
>> possible cases.
>
> I certainly agree with this but that seems to me to be an argument for keeping these mechanisms separate and composing them with channel bindings

+1.  But note that composition via channel binding does not imply that
one cannot extend existing TLS implementations to do all this under
the covers.

Nico
--

From mrex@sap.com  Mon Apr  4 18:18:41 2011
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Eric Rescorla wrote:
> 
> Simon Josefsson wrote:
> >
> > I'd wish I understood the argument against modifying the state machine
> > better.  As an implementer, I don't see any problem making the change.
> > As far as I understood EKR at the meeting, his concern was not based on
> > implementation arguments.
> 
> No, it's based on layer separation and cleanliness of protocol analysis.
> TLS is a relatively straightforward protocol with a state machine which is
> easy to analyze. (and there has been a huge amount of analysis on it)

The problem is that it hardly scales if everyone redefines the TLS
state machine to his liking.  In the first generation, folks modify
"the original state machine".  Then you want to use two such "enhancements"
and start wondering, how they intermix (since they're both defined
for the original state machine and not for use with "enhanced" state machines.

And the next time around that TLS WG itself wants to add handshake messages,
they have to address not only the original state machines, but also
all of the "enhancements", their interference with each other and
interference of the other enhancements with the new TLS WG enhancements.
That is going to be a pretty big mess.


>
> and yet even so we got it partly wrong as the renegotiation issue shows.

The renegotiation issue was more of an undocumented limitation of the
protocol where the apps folks (= the TLS callers) boldly assumed a
feature that didn't exist in TLS.  Retrofitting secure renegotiation
into the SSLv3&TLS protocol seemed like the most sensible approach
to fixing the issue.


-Martin

From pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz  Tue Apr  5 04:28:13 2011
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 Some time ago I wrote:

>Not really, use of DSA server certs is practically nonexistent (anyone want
>to trawl through the EFF cert database to count them?) and use of "DSA2"
>(i.e. > 1 kbit key) certs AFAIK *is* nonexistent,

Someone has now gone through the EFF cert database and counted the number of
DSA certs present on publicly-visible servers.  In the entire world, there are
exactly twenty-five of them (and some of these, I'm guessing, are test
certs/servers).  In contrast, there are several million RSA certs.  So not
only is "DSA2" nonexistent, but for all intents and purposes DSA is
nonexistent as well.

Peter.


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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS v1.2 performance (was Re: TLSv1.2 with DSA client
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I wrote:

>Just out of interest, how are other implementers dealing with this?  I looked
>at that requirement in the spec, decided it was totally crazy, and ignored
>it.  So far I haven't found any other TLS 1.2 implementation (of the very few
>that are around) that has any problems with this, so my guess is everyone
>else is ignoring it as well.

The informal straw poll (some on-list, most off-list) indicated that no
(known) implementation actually paid any attention to this requirement, for
reasons already pointed out in the original thread.  So I think we definitely
need an update to the TLS 1.2 spec.

>(There are a couple of other things in there that are completely nuts as
>well, if we could document the general consensus on what to ignore it might
>help other implementers who, God help us, decide to try and follow the spec).

I finally got around to typing up the issues and suggested solutions:

-- Snip --

TLS 1.2 problems

Issue: The already-covered problem with requiring that all certs in the cert
chain match what's in the signature_algorithm extension.

Solution: Remove this requirement from the spec, everyone is ignoring it
anyway, and all it does is hurt interoperability.

Issue: When sending the list of supported signature and hash algorithms, the
name used throughout the text is SignatureAndHashAlgorithm.  This is incorrect,
since what's sent is actually HashAndSignatureAlgorithm.

Solution: Either rename SignatureAndHashAlgorithm to HashAndSignatureAlgorithm
or reverse the order of the parameters being sent to match the name.

Issue: Handling of ECC is a mess.  The IPsec guys found out the hard way with
IKEv1 that for interoperability you need a small, fixed number of suites, not
a 52-page Chinese menu that no two parties can agree on.  TLS seems to have
gone in the opposite direction, with so many options available for ECC that
they're a serious pain to deal with.  I've found this when interop-testing
against some of the ECC test servers that are up, you have to really, really
carefully choose what you send to the server, if you start getting flexible
with options then the other side typically disconnects, or can't complete the
handshake with various buggy behaviours (return an SSLv3 alert for a TLS 1.2
handshake, continuing with a TLS 1.1 handshake unless you manage to guess the
one specific combination of ECC parameters that the other side wants to see,
and other oddness).  ECC is actually so complex that it deserves an entire
subsection for itself.

Sub-issue: The overall suite chosen can be retroactively modified by ECC
parameters sent later in the handshake, so when choosing a suite you have to
remember not only the main suite but also one (or possibly more) backup suites
to fall back on if a later ECC parameter means you can't use your first
choice.

Solution: Select a few fixed, complete suites (rather than entire areas of
operation, with details to be sorted out later at the committee meeting) and
specify those as suites, with no further post-modification via ECC parameters
necessary.  For example I've found that absolutely everything can do
P256/SHA256/AES, so that even if I simply ignore every one of the ECC
parameters I can still connect by always choosing this combination, which
means that implementations are already using de facto fixed suites anyway.  So
adding the fixed suites:

  TLS_P256_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 168
  TLS_P384_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 = 169
  TLS_P256_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = 170
  TLS_P384_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = 171
  TLS_P256_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 = 172
  TLS_P384_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 = 173

to cover the common usage cases should keep about 99% of users happy while
using just one fifth of the number of ECC suites we already have now (and
that's before the infinite variety of parameter options come into play).  If
anyone really wants to make a fashion statement using Brainpool curves or
something else bizarre, they can use the parameterised way of doing things,
and good luck to them with getting anything else to talk to them.

Sub-issue: Another example of unnecessary flexibility is the way supported
curves are handled.  For example if I want to use ECDH-P256 with ECDSA-P521
then I have to specify, and the other side has to verify, groups of algorithms
(and eventually, hashes) rather than just one.  The result is the
combinatorial explosion of algorithms that made IKE such fun to get going.
Just for yucks I tried some odd combinations with one or two existing test
servers.  The ones that didn't simply disconnect couldn't complete the
handshake, except for one (semi-private) implementation.  This indicates that
if anyone did actually take advantage of the flexibility being provided, the
chances of any kind of interoperability are... low.

Solution: See previous, define some fixed suites with a single set of common
parameters, and if anyone wants to get exotic they're welcome to everything
they get.

Sub-issue: Because of the complexity of the ECC negotiation, it's quite
possible that the two sides can't agree on any common parameters, and continue
on with a standard (non-ECC) suite that they can agree on.  So the user
specifies ECC as their preferred suite(s), the negotiation completes securely,
but they're not using ECC.  Since negotiation always ends up proceeding with a
non-ECC suite, the ECC option may as well not be there.

Solution: Again, the fixed-suite approach would help address this, since
you're more likely to reach agreement on how to continue.  Alternatively,
provide an extension to say "must negotiate ECC, otherwise the connect attempt
fails".  This needs more investigation, the real problem here is Ian Grigg's
"There is only one cipher suite and that is Suite #1", i.e. you can have a
thousand suites in your handshake but the only one that matters is the first
in the list because things never get beyond that.

Issue: Because you don't know which hash algorithm will end up being used, you
need to either buffer arbitrary amounts of handshake data or speculatively run
multiple hashes in parallel, one for each algorithm you support, depending on
what ends up being negotiated.  This issue has been discussed before on the
list as well.

Solution: Yet again, the fixed-suite approach addresses this, if you're doing
(say) TLS_P256_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 then you only need to run a
SHA256 hash.

(What I've been doing, at least in the server, is to send out a cert-request
containing the single de facto hash algorithm that I use anyway, either SHA256
or SHA384 depending on the key size, forcing the client to adapt.  This is
effective in fixing the problem, but certainly not the way the mechanism is
meant to be used:

  /* In other words although it was planned as a means of indicating the
     server's capabilities, it actually acts as a mechanism for keeping the
     client-auth process sane */

So that's about it, in total there are really only three changes:

- Drop the signature_algorithm  -> cert requirement, which breaks the protocol
  and which everyone ignores anyway.

- Rename SignatureAndHashAlgorithm to HashAndSignatureAlgorithm to match
  what's actually being send.

- Provide six fixed suites for ECC to get rid of a whole host of ECC-related
  problems.

Peter.


From iesg-secretary@ietf.org  Tue Apr  5 09:49:09 2011
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The IESG has received a request from an individual submitter to consider
the following document:
- 'The SSL Protocol Version 3.0'
  <draft-mavrogiannopoulos-ssl-version3-02.txt> as a Historic

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2011-05-03. Exceptionally, comments may be
sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.

The file can be obtained via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-mavrogiannopoulos-ssl-version3/

IESG discussion can be tracked via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-mavrogiannopoulos-ssl-version3/



No IPR declarations have been submitted directly on this I-D.

From ekr@rtfm.com  Tue Apr  5 09:56:04 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Last Call: <draft-mavrogiannopoulos-ssl-version3-02.txt> (The SSL Protocol Version 3.0) to Historic
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TLS WG,

This document will be Historic, but it still would be good if people
could read it
and determine whether they are happy with it.

Best,
-Ekr


On Tue, Apr 5, 2011 at 9:49 AM, The IESG <iesg-secretary@ietf.org> wrote:
>
> The IESG has received a request from an individual submitter to consider
> the following document:
> - 'The SSL Protocol Version 3.0'
> =A0<draft-mavrogiannopoulos-ssl-version3-02.txt> as a Historic
>
> The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
> final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
> ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2011-05-03. Exceptionally, comments may be
> sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
> beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.
>
> The file can be obtained via
> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-mavrogiannopoulos-ssl-version3/
>
> IESG discussion can be tracked via
> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-mavrogiannopoulos-ssl-version3/
>
>
>
> No IPR declarations have been submitted directly on this I-D.
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>

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Peter Gutmann wrote:
> 
> Issue: When sending the list of supported signature and hash algorithms, the
> name used throughout the text is SignatureAndHashAlgorithm.  This is incorrect,
> since what's sent is actually HashAndSignatureAlgorithm.
> 
> Solution: Either rename SignatureAndHashAlgorithm to HashAndSignatureAlgorithm
> or reverse the order of the parameters being sent to match the name.

It would be impossible to switch the order of the parameters
sent on the wire at this point, so simply renaming the structure
is all we can do.  I support the name change.

Mike

From tom@voltage.com  Tue Apr  5 14:52:31 2011
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From: Tom Wu <tom@voltage.com>
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> On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:16 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir at checkpoint.com> wrote:
> > Sure, but those require the verifiers (salted hashes of the passwords) =
to be stored on the TLS server.
> >
> > I don't think there's a good way to get TLS-SRP to work with a backend =
AAA server.
>
> I think it's doable IF you have AAA support for SRP verifiers.  But
> most folks who have AAA infrastructures don't have SRP verifiers.  One
> could simply acquire those verifiers over time as users change their
> passwords, but that is a big barrier to adoption.

>From Yaron Sheffer:
> Also, EAP as a generic infrastructure is making steady (albeit slow) prog=
ress with channel bindings and the NEA work. And it provides two recently p=
ublished password-based protocols: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6124 and =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5931.

These messages seem to imply that TLS-SRP won't play well with backend AAA =
servers while RFC6124 (EAP-EKE) and RFC5931 (EAP-pwd) would, but this isn't=
 really true; all strong password protocols need the server to know the pas=
sword, or some function of it, while the protocol is being negotiated.  If =
I'm missing something, please let me know.

Tom

From ynir@checkpoint.com  Wed Apr  6 01:57:59 2011
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To: "'Tom Wu'" <tom@voltage.com>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 6 Apr 2011 10:59:38 +0200
Thread-Topic: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Hi Tom.

There is no problem with SRP vs EKE or pwd. The problem is that AAA servers=
 work either with plain passwords (the web server sends the password in an =
"access-request" and the AAA server returns an "access-accept") or using EA=
P.  If someone were to pick up James Carlson's work and create an EAP-SRP m=
ethod, it would work just as well.

Yoav

-----Original Message-----
From: tls-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Tom W=
u
Sent: 06 April 2011 00:54
To: tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

> On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:16 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir at checkpoint.com> wrote:
> > Sure, but those require the verifiers (salted hashes of the passwords) =
to be stored on the TLS server.
> >
> > I don't think there's a good way to get TLS-SRP to work with a backend =
AAA server.
>
> I think it's doable IF you have AAA support for SRP verifiers.  But=20
> most folks who have AAA infrastructures don't have SRP verifiers.  One=20
> could simply acquire those verifiers over time as users change their=20
> passwords, but that is a big barrier to adoption.

>From Yaron Sheffer:
> Also, EAP as a generic infrastructure is making steady (albeit slow) prog=
ress with channel bindings and the NEA work. And it provides two recently p=
ublished password-based protocols: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6124 and =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5931.

These messages seem to imply that TLS-SRP won't play well with backend AAA =
servers while RFC6124 (EAP-EKE) and RFC5931 (EAP-pwd) would, but this isn't=
 really true; all strong password protocols need the server to know the pas=
sword, or some function of it, while the protocol is being negotiated.  If =
I'm missing something, please let me know.

Tom

From tom@voltage.com  Wed Apr  6 05:48:14 2011
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From: Tom Wu <tom@voltage.com>
To: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 6 Apr 2011 05:49:43 -0700
Thread-Topic: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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But if we start out by assuming that existing AAA deployments don't have SR=
P verifiers, we must also assume that they don't have EAP-pwd or EAP-EKE pa=
ssword data either, so they cannot use any of those strong password protoco=
ls right away.

Going forward, AAA infrastructures can add support for SRP verifiers just l=
ike they can for EAP-pwd or EAP-EKE password data.  In that case, given tha=
t complexity is the enemy of security, I'd say that's a good reason to pref=
er the simpler TLS-SRP handshake.

Tom

-----Original Message-----
From: Yoav Nir [mailto:ynir@checkpoint.com]=20
Sent: Wednesday, April 06, 2011 2:00 AM
To: Tom Wu; tls@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

Hi Tom.

There is no problem with SRP vs EKE or pwd. The problem is that AAA servers=
 work either with plain passwords (the web server sends the password in an =
"access-request" and the AAA server returns an "access-accept") or using EA=
P.  If someone were to pick up James Carlson's work and create an EAP-SRP m=
ethod, it would work just as well.

Yoav

-----Original Message-----
From: tls-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Tom W=
u
Sent: 06 April 2011 00:54
To: tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

> On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:16 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir at checkpoint.com> wrote:
> > Sure, but those require the verifiers (salted hashes of the passwords) =
to be stored on the TLS server.
> >
> > I don't think there's a good way to get TLS-SRP to work with a backend =
AAA server.
>
> I think it's doable IF you have AAA support for SRP verifiers.  But=20
> most folks who have AAA infrastructures don't have SRP verifiers.  One=20
> could simply acquire those verifiers over time as users change their=20
> passwords, but that is a big barrier to adoption.

>From Yaron Sheffer:
> Also, EAP as a generic infrastructure is making steady (albeit slow) prog=
ress with channel bindings and the NEA work. And it provides two recently p=
ublished password-based protocols: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6124 and =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5931.

These messages seem to imply that TLS-SRP won't play well with backend AAA =
servers while RFC6124 (EAP-EKE) and RFC5931 (EAP-pwd) would, but this isn't=
 really true; all strong password protocols need the server to know the pas=
sword, or some function of it, while the protocol is being negotiated.  If =
I'm missing something, please let me know.

Tom

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Apr  6 05:57:32 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 7:49 AM, Tom Wu <tom@voltage.com> wrote:
> But if we start out by assuming that existing AAA deployments don't have =
SRP verifiers, we must also assume that they don't have EAP-pwd or EAP-EKE =
password data either, so they cannot use any of those strong password proto=
cols right away.
>
> Going forward, AAA infrastructures can add support for SRP verifiers just=
 like they can for EAP-pwd or EAP-EKE password data. =C2=A0In that case, gi=
ven that complexity is the enemy of security, I'd say that's a good reason =
to prefer the simpler TLS-SRP handshake.

As I explained: the point is to allow people to use what they have.
TLS-SRP does not do that.  EAP-in-TLS does.

Nico
--

From ynir@checkpoint.com  Wed Apr  6 06:48:48 2011
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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: "'Tom Wu'" <tom@voltage.com>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 6 Apr 2011 15:50:27 +0200
Thread-Topic: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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I don't think AAA deployments are going to send SRP verifiers to the server=
s. They implement a pluginnable platform for all kinds of EAP methods, and =
you can use any EAP method that you have a plug-in for. Using EAP with RADI=
US is defined in RFC 4072.

Microsoft AAA server comes with EAP-MSChapv2, EAP-TLS, EAP-PEAP and optiona=
lly EAP-SecurID. Of these, only EAP-MSChapv2 and EAP-SecurID make sense in =
the TLS context.  If somebody writes plug-ins for EAP-EKE, EAP-Pwd and EAP-=
SRP (if this is ever defined), that would work as well.

Adding SRP verifiers without EAP requires an extension to RADIUS (or DIAMET=
ER), and that's an issue for a different working group.

So I agree that TLS-SRP is simpler and requires less round-trips. But I don=
't see how to make it work with existing AAA servers.

Yoav

-----Original Message-----
From: Tom Wu [mailto:tom@voltage.com]=20
Sent: 06 April 2011 15:50
To: Yoav Nir; tls@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

But if we start out by assuming that existing AAA deployments don't have SR=
P verifiers, we must also assume that they don't have EAP-pwd or EAP-EKE pa=
ssword data either, so they cannot use any of those strong password protoco=
ls right away.

Going forward, AAA infrastructures can add support for SRP verifiers just l=
ike they can for EAP-pwd or EAP-EKE password data.  In that case, given tha=
t complexity is the enemy of security, I'd say that's a good reason to pref=
er the simpler TLS-SRP handshake.

Tom

-----Original Message-----
From: Yoav Nir [mailto:ynir@checkpoint.com]
Sent: Wednesday, April 06, 2011 2:00 AM
To: Tom Wu; tls@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

Hi Tom.

There is no problem with SRP vs EKE or pwd. The problem is that AAA servers=
 work either with plain passwords (the web server sends the password in an =
"access-request" and the AAA server returns an "access-accept") or using EA=
P.  If someone were to pick up James Carlson's work and create an EAP-SRP m=
ethod, it would work just as well.

Yoav

-----Original Message-----
From: tls-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Tom W=
u
Sent: 06 April 2011 00:54
To: tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

> On Mon, Apr 4, 2011 at 2:16 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir at checkpoint.com> wrote:
> > Sure, but those require the verifiers (salted hashes of the passwords) =
to be stored on the TLS server.
> >
> > I don't think there's a good way to get TLS-SRP to work with a backend =
AAA server.
>
> I think it's doable IF you have AAA support for SRP verifiers.  But=20
> most folks who have AAA infrastructures don't have SRP verifiers.  One=20
> could simply acquire those verifiers over time as users change their=20
> passwords, but that is a big barrier to adoption.

>From Yaron Sheffer:
> Also, EAP as a generic infrastructure is making steady (albeit slow) prog=
ress with channel bindings and the NEA work. And it provides two recently p=
ublished password-based protocols: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6124 and =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5931.

These messages seem to imply that TLS-SRP won't play well with backend AAA =
servers while RFC6124 (EAP-EKE) and RFC5931 (EAP-pwd) would, but this isn't=
 really true; all strong password protocols need the server to know the pas=
sword, or some function of it, while the protocol is being negotiated.  If =
I'm missing something, please let me know.

Tom

Scanned by Check Point Total Security Gateway.

From tom@voltage.com  Wed Apr  6 06:49:27 2011
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I agree that if I were implementing EAP-in-TLS now, it would be more about =
EAP-MSChapv2 than any of the good methods.

Still, writing a plug-in for a Microsoft AAA server and for Windows XP/7 is=
 well-documented, and can be done without any further standards action.=20

-----Original Message-----
From: Tom Wu [mailto:tom@voltage.com]=20
Sent: 06 April 2011 16:51
To: Nico Williams
Cc: Yoav Nir; tls@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings

> As I explained: the point is to allow people to use what they have.
> TLS-SRP does not do that.  EAP-in-TLS does.

No, not for strong password protocols it doesn't.  If I don't have AAA supp=
ort for EAP-EKE or EAP-pwd password data, I can't use either of them.

To use EAP-pwd and EAP-EKE, I need to wait for my AAA backend to support EK=
E/pwd password data, plus I need to wait for my TLS stack to adopt EAP-in-T=
LS.  To use TLS-SRP, I need to wait for my AAA backend to support SRP verif=
iers, and then I'm done, since my TLS stack most likely already has TLS-SRP=
 support.  I suppose it all depends on which parts of the user's environmen=
t you assume are fixed and which ones can be upgraded.

Tom
=04 jy u    $>   :-jT r  !   =1A=

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Apr  6 07:41:55 2011
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On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 8:50 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> I don't think AAA deployments are going to send SRP verifiers to the servers. They implement a pluginnable platform for all kinds of EAP methods, and you can use any EAP method that you have a plug-in for. Using EAP with RADIUS is defined in RFC 4072.

Great point.  Password verifiers _are_ security-sensitive.

Nico
--

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On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 8:50 AM, Tom Wu <tom@voltage.com> wrote:
>> As I explained: the point is to allow people to use what they have.
>> TLS-SRP does not do that. =C2=A0EAP-in-TLS does.
>
> No, not for strong password protocols it doesn't. =C2=A0If I don't have A=
AA support for EAP-EKE or EAP-pwd password data, I can't use either of them=
.

You might have AAA support but not have verifiers, and you could
acquire verifiers slowly, over time, as users change their passwords.

Also, ZKPPs benefit primarily those who can't bootstrap trust into the
devices where the passwords are typed in.  In many enterprises that's
not an issue.

And then there's the ZKPP password verifiers being security-sensitive
(since they are subject to off-line dictionary attacks), so giving
every TLS server access to those is a non-starter.  You _should_ want
EAP-in-TLS for that reason alone!

Nico
--

From evnikita2@gmail.com  Wed Apr  6 07:42:00 2011
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Subject: [TLS] Review request for draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme
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Hello all,

I'm writing to request the review and comments on 
draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme, that can be found here:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme-03

This document specifies the pop3s (POP3 over TLS) protocol, that has 
been in wide use for quite a long time.  It also defines the new 'pops' 
URI scheme, used for referencing POP3 mailboxes accessible via pop3s 
protocol.

Please provide your comments sent to 
draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme@tools.ietf.org and copied to 
tls@ietf.org, ietf-pop3ext@imc.org and uri-review@ietf.org.  (Just use 
'Reply all' to answer this message.)

Thanks,
Mykyta Yevstifeyev

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    <font size="-1"><big>Hello all,<br>
        <br>
        I'm writing to request the review and comments on
        draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme, that can be found here:<br>
        <br>
        <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme-03">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme-03</a><br>
        <br>
        This document specifies the pop3s (POP3 over TLS) protocol, that
        has been in wide use for quite a long time.Â  It also defines the
        new 'pops' URI scheme, used for referencing POP3 mailboxes
        accessible via pop3s protocol.<br>
        <br>
        Please provide your comments sent to
        <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme@tools.ietf.org">draft-yevstifeyev-pops-uri-scheme@tools.ietf.org</a> and copied to
        <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:tls@ietf.org">tls@ietf.org</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:ietf-pop3ext@imc.org">ietf-pop3ext@imc.org</a> and <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:uri-review@ietf.org">uri-review@ietf.org</a>.Â 
        (Just use 'Reply all' to answer this message.)<br>
        <br>
        Thanks,<br>
        Mykyta Yevstifeyev<br>
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From hovav@eng.ucsd.edu  Wed Apr  6 16:44:02 2011
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From: Hovav Shacham <hovav@cs.ucsd.edu>
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On Tue, Apr 5, 2011 at 4:29 AM, Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>wrote:

> So not only is "DSA2" nonexistent, but for all intents and purposes DSA is
> nonexistent as well.
>

How about we remove DSA support from TLS, then?

-hs.

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On Tue, Apr 5, 2011 at 4:29 AM, Peter Gutmann <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz">pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz</a>&gt;</sp=
an> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" =
style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">

So not=A0only is &quot;DSA2&quot; nonexistent, but for all intents and purp=
oses DSA is<br>
nonexistent as well.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>How about we remov=
e DSA support from TLS, then?</div><div><br></div><div>-hs.</div></div>

--001636e0a87c767b4604a04897cd--

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: hovav@cs.ucsd.edu, tls@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Hovav Shacham <hovav@cs.ucsd.edu> writes:

>How about we remove DSA support from TLS, then?

Possibly a bit extreme, but we could at least mark it "historical" or 
"deprecated" or something.  In fact we could do that for an awful lot of 
existing cipher suites.  Note that this isn't changing the standard in any 
way, it's just documenting what's already the norm among implementations.  If 
a cipher suite's been in there for ten years and there are, approximately, 
zero cases of it being used, then saying "Don't bother with this one" in order 
to help guide implementers seems sensible.

Peter.

From simon@josefsson.org  Wed Apr  6 23:14:37 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> writes:

> Hovav Shacham <hovav@cs.ucsd.edu> writes:
>
>>How about we remove DSA support from TLS, then?
>
> Possibly a bit extreme, but we could at least mark it "historical" or 
> "deprecated" or something.  In fact we could do that for an awful lot of 
> existing cipher suites.  Note that this isn't changing the standard in any 
> way, it's just documenting what's already the norm among implementations.  If 
> a cipher suite's been in there for ten years and there are, approximately, 
> zero cases of it being used, then saying "Don't bother with this one" in order 
> to help guide implementers seems sensible.

Unfortunately I think DSA is still mandatory-to-implement in some
protocols.  That makes it a bit more complicated, but still doable.

/Simon

From n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com  Thu Apr  7 00:53:52 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On 04/06/2011 03:53 PM, Yoav Nir wrote:

> I agree that if I were implementing EAP-in-TLS now, it would be more
> about EAP-MSChapv2 than any of the good methods.

Then it looks more that EAP-in-TLS is to be used as a by-pass method to
include weak authentication algorithms, that would have never be
approved by this WG.

regards,
Nikos


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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
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Thread-Topic: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Apr 7, 2011, at 10:55 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:

> On 04/06/2011 03:53 PM, Yoav Nir wrote:
>=20
>> I agree that if I were implementing EAP-in-TLS now, it would be more
>> about EAP-MSChapv2 than any of the good methods.
>=20
> Then it looks more that EAP-in-TLS is to be used as a by-pass method to
> include weak authentication algorithms, that would have never be
> approved by this WG.

I don't see why. EAP-MSChapv2 is in wide use, and is not considered broken =
when used inside an encrypted transport like TLS or IKE.

Also, creating EAP-EKE/PWD/SRP plug-ins for AAA servers is well documented,=
 and does not require work by any IETF working group.

Yoav=

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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On 04/07/2011 08:08 PM, Yoav Nir wrote:
> 
> On Apr 7, 2011, at 10:55 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
> 
>> On 04/06/2011 03:53 PM, Yoav Nir wrote:
>>
>>> I agree that if I were implementing EAP-in-TLS now, it would be more
>>> about EAP-MSChapv2 than any of the good methods.
>>
>> Then it looks more that EAP-in-TLS is to be used as a by-pass method to
>> include weak authentication algorithms, that would have never be
>> approved by this WG.
> 
> I don't see why. EAP-MSChapv2 is in wide use, and is not considered broken when used inside an encrypted transport like TLS or IKE.
> Also, creating EAP-EKE/PWD/SRP plug-ins for AAA servers is well documented, and does not require work by any IETF working group.

Considering it broken or not depends on your attack scenario and the
deployment scenario. By the definition of EAP-TLS, you know neither.

If for example I use anonymous DH and perform mutual authentication of
peers using EAP and mschapv2, then it is broken. I suppose there
several scenarios where one can combine that and have a useful
protocol. That is the reason the original TLS did not allow
many extensions. To contain the security decisions to protocol
designers, not individual administrators.

regards,
Nikos


From nico@cryptonector.com  Fri Apr  8 11:52:40 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Fri, Apr 8, 2011 at 10:46 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
<nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:
> On 04/07/2011 08:08 PM, Yoav Nir wrote:
>> I don't see why. EAP-MSChapv2 is in wide use, and is not considered broken when used inside an encrypted transport like TLS or IKE.
>> Also, creating EAP-EKE/PWD/SRP plug-ins for AAA servers is well documented, and does not require work by any IETF working group.
>
> Considering it broken or not depends on your attack scenario and the
> deployment scenario. By the definition of EAP-TLS, you know neither.
>
> If for example I use anonymous DH and perform mutual authentication of
> peers using EAP and mschapv2, then it is broken. I suppose there
> several scenarios where one can combine that and have a useful
> protocol. That is the reason the original TLS did not allow
> many extensions. To contain the security decisions to protocol
> designers, not individual administrators.

IMO: a) EAP methods that support cryptographic binding should/must be
used, b) EAP cryptographic binding should/must be used to do RFC5056
channel binding to the TLS connection's tls-unique channel bindings.
The question is whether (a) and (b) are a SHOULD or a MUST, and if it
is not a MUST then what mitigation might or might not be feasible or
acceptable.

Note though that if RFC5056 channel binding is done from the EAP
method to the TLS connection, then your objection is fully dealt with.
 And see the Subject: line in the header :) :)  Simon brought up
channel binding for a reason, namely, that he had the same concerns as
you do.  I have exactly the same concerns as well.  However, Simon and
I believe there's a solution: RFC5056 channel binding.  If you believe
that channel binding is not a solution, please say so and let's figure
out why that might or might not be the case.

Nico
--

From jsalowey@cisco.com  Sun Apr 10 14:24:00 2011
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Subject: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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Sean has asked that we update the working group charter.  An overview of =
the update was given at IETF 80.  Below is a proposed text along the =
lines of what was discussed.   Please send comments on this text to the =
list. =20

Thanks,

Joe


The TLS Working Group was established in 1996 to standardize a
'transport layer' security protocol. The working group began with SSL
version 3.0. The TLS Working Group has completed a series of
specifications that describe the Transport Layer Security protocol
versions 1.0, 1.1, and 1.2, extensions to the protocol, and new
ciphersuites to be used with TLS.

The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
  - The TLS protocol, RFC 5346;
  - The TLS extension definitions, RFC 6066;
  - The DTLS protocol, RFC 4347bis.
The WG will attempt to avoid gratuitous changes to these protocols.

The secondary goals of the WG are to publish:
  - Recommendations for use of TLS;
  - Extensions to TLS and DTLS; and,
  - Cipher suites.=

From robert.cragie@gmail.com  Sun Apr 10 15:03:38 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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That should be RFC 5246.

Robert

On 10 Apr 2011 22:25, "Joe Salowey" <jsalowey@cisco.com> wrote:

Sean has asked that we update the working group charter.  An overview of the
update was given at IETF 80.  Below is a proposed text along the lines of
what was discussed.   Please send comments on this text to the list.

Thanks,

Joe


The TLS Working Group was established in 1996 to standardize a
'transport layer' security protocol. The working group began with SSL
version 3.0. The TLS Working Group has completed a series of
specifications that describe the Transport Layer Security protocol
versions 1.0, 1.1, and 1.2, extensions to the protocol, and new
ciphersuites to be used with TLS.

The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
 - The TLS protocol, RFC 5346;
 - The TLS extension definitions, RFC 6066;
 - The DTLS protocol, RFC 4347bis.
The WG will attempt to avoid gratuitous changes to these protocols.

The secondary goals of the WG are to publish:
 - Recommendations for use of TLS;
 - Extensions to TLS and DTLS; and,
 - Cipher suites.
_______________________________________________
TLS mailing list
TLS@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls

--0016e64603a08743cf04a097a170
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<p>That should be RFC 5246.</p>
<p>Robert</p>
<p><blockquote type=3D"cite">On 10 Apr 2011 22:25, &quot;Joe Salowey&quot; =
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:jsalowey@cisco.com">jsalowey@cisco.com</a>&gt; wrote:=
<br><br>Sean has asked that we update the working group charter. =A0An over=
view of the update was given at IETF 80. =A0Below is a proposed text along =
the lines of what was discussed. =A0 Please send comments on this text to t=
he list.<br>

<br>
Thanks,<br>
<br>
Joe<br>
<br>
<br>
The TLS Working Group was established in 1996 to standardize a<br>
&#39;transport layer&#39; security protocol. The working group began with S=
SL<br>
version 3.0. The TLS Working Group has completed a series of<br>
specifications that describe the Transport Layer Security protocol<br>
versions 1.0, 1.1, and 1.2, extensions to the protocol, and new<br>
ciphersuites to be used with TLS.<br>
<br>
The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:<br>
 =A0- The TLS protocol, RFC 5346;<br>
 =A0- The TLS extension definitions, RFC 6066;<br>
 =A0- The DTLS protocol, RFC 4347bis.<br>
The WG will attempt to avoid gratuitous changes to these protocols.<br>
<br>
The secondary goals of the WG are to publish:<br>
 =A0- Recommendations for use of TLS;<br>
 =A0- Extensions to TLS and DTLS; and,<br>
 =A0- Cipher suites.<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
TLS mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:TLS@ietf.org">TLS@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls" target=3D"_blank">htt=
ps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls</a><br>
</blockquote></p>

--0016e64603a08743cf04a097a170--

From paul.hoffman@vpnc.org  Sun Apr 10 16:10:16 2011
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On Apr 10, 2011, at 2:25 PM, Joe Salowey wrote:

> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
>  - The TLS protocol, RFC 5346;

That *could* be read to mean that the WG is not supposed to work on TLS =
1.3. If that is the intention, then the charter should say so =
explicitly. If it is not the intention, than the charter should say "The =
TLS 1.2 protocol and its successors".

>  - The TLS extension definitions, RFC 6066;

That document does not define all extensions. Also, that document =
probably does not need maintenance outside what is covered in the second =
bullet in the secondary goals. Please consider removinv this bullet.

>  - The DTLS protocol, RFC 4347bis.

That specific document will hopefully be an RFC within a few months. =
Similar to the above, maybe say "The DTLS 1.2 protocol and its =
successors".
> The WG will attempt to avoid gratuitous changes to these protocols.
>=20
> The secondary goals of the WG are to publish:
>  - Recommendations for use of TLS;
>  - Extensions to TLS and DTLS; and,
>  - Cipher suites.


--Paul Hoffman


From ekr@rtfm.com  Sun Apr 10 21:48:38 2011
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On Sun, Apr 10, 2011 at 4:10 PM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org> wrote=
:
> On Apr 10, 2011, at 2:25 PM, Joe Salowey wrote:
>
>> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
>> =A0- The TLS protocol, RFC 5346;
>
> That *could* be read to mean that the WG is not supposed to work on TLS 1=
.3. If that is the intention, then the charter should say so explicitly.

I hope that's how it should be read. I don't see any pressing need for
the TLS WG to do a TLS 1.3.


>> =A0- The TLS extension definitions, RFC 6066;
>
> That document does not define all extensions. Also, that document probabl=
y does not need maintenance outside what is covered in the second bullet in=
 the secondary goals. Please consider removinv this bullet.

I'm fine with that.


>> =A0- The DTLS protocol, RFC 4347bis.
>
> That specific document will hopefully be an RFC within a few months. Simi=
lar to the above, maybe say "The DTLS 1.2 protocol and its successors".

Yes, I agree that we should do to address that point.


-Ekr

From n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com  Sun Apr 10 23:38:33 2011
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On 04/11/2011 06:48 AM, Eric Rescorla wrote:
> On Sun, Apr 10, 2011 at 4:10 PM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org> wrote:
>> On Apr 10, 2011, at 2:25 PM, Joe Salowey wrote:
>>
>>> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
>>>  - The TLS protocol, RFC 5346;
>> That *could* be read to mean that the WG is not supposed to work on TLS 1.3. If that is the intention, then the charter should say so explicitly.
> I hope that's how it should be read. I don't see any pressing need for
> the TLS WG to do a TLS 1.3.

Over the years, I've kept a list of issues of TLS (apply to TLS 1.2).

(I skip all the issues already reported by Peter Gutmann at:
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg07608.html )

* Renegotiation semantics are unclear. When one is supposed to
do renegotiation? How to distinguish data before a renegotiation
and after? (especially since application data are allowed
to be processed during a renegotiation). See also
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg05607.html

* RFC6066 Max fragment size cannot be used to increase the TLS fragment,
thus punishing hardware accelerated implementations, that have
to stick to the maximum 16k header.

* The RFC6066 truncated HMAC extension is very limited as it
only truncates to 80-bits. It could be very useful especially
in DTLS where the fragment size is very limiting, but not
in its current form. 80-bits should be enough for everybody
is not very convincing. Common security levels should
be allowed at least (64/80/96/128/192/256). This extension
might belong to the core TLS protocol if it is ever made aware
of security levels.

* Short finished message signature fixed to 12 bytes. The provisioning
of TLS 1.2 for ciphersuites to increase it was never used
by ciphersuites that aimed high security levels (AES-256, HMAC-384),
thus it is pretty much already obsolete. It seems the finished
message size should be defined by the TLS protocol itself
to be usable. (this is another argument of TLS being made
aware of security levels).

* TLS version negotiation. If 1.1 and 1.3 is implemented, then
negotiation will always fail if talking to a 1.2 server. This
requires a client to implement all possible TLS protocols
instead of the latest and a fallback (e.g. TLS 1.0).

* AEAD interface was defined only for stream ciphers. If a block
cipher emerges for AEAD it will not be usable with TLS.

* It is not known when is record version acceptable. Is a record
version of 3.55 acceptable? Is 4.0 acceptable? What about 65.35?
There should be at least a ranges of acceptable record version
numbers (for the initial hello message).



Thus for me there should be work to solve those issues.

regards,
Nikos

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: ekr@rtfm.com, nmav@gnutls.org
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> writes:

>* RFC6066 Max fragment size cannot be used to increase the TLS fragment, thus
>punishing hardware accelerated implementations, that have to stick to the
>maximum 16k header.

Is there any server around that implements this?  I know that some
implementations advertise support for it, but I've never found anything where
I could actually test my code (which has been commented out pretty much
forever due to lack of anything else that does it).

>* The RFC6066 truncated HMAC extension is very limited as it only truncates
>to 80-bits.

Since, according to the Wikipedia TLS implementation survey, there are
precisely zero implementations of this, I don't think it matters much what it
truncates to.

>* Short finished message signature fixed to 12 bytes. The provisioning of TLS
>1.2 for ciphersuites to increase it was never used by ciphersuites that aimed
>high security levels (AES-256, HMAC-384),

We kinda went through this one recently, but I agree that it should be the
output size of the MAC used and not the IPsec cargo-cult 96 bits.

>* AEAD interface was defined only for stream ciphers. If a block cipher
>emerges for AEAD it will not be usable with TLS.

Again, support for any kind of AEAD is practically nonexistent.  We can solve
this one if it ever becomes an issue.

Peter.

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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Fri, Apr 8, 2011 at 8:54 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote=
:

>> If for example I use anonymous DH and perform mutual authentication of
>> peers using EAP and mschapv2, then it is broken. I suppose there
>> several scenarios where one can combine that and have a useful
>> protocol. That is the reason the original TLS did not allow
>> many extensions. To contain the security decisions to protocol
>> designers, not individual administrators.
> IMO: a) EAP methods that support cryptographic binding should/must be
> used, b) EAP cryptographic binding should/must be used to do RFC5056
> channel binding to the TLS connection's tls-unique channel bindings.
> The question is whether (a) and (b) are a SHOULD or a MUST, and if it
> is not a MUST then what mitigation might or might not be feasible or
> acceptable.
> Note though that if RFC5056 channel binding is done from the EAP
> method to the TLS connection, then your objection is fully dealt with.
> =C2=A0And see the Subject: line in the header :) :) =C2=A0Simon brought u=
p
> channel binding for a reason, namely, that he had the same concerns as
> you do. =C2=A0I have exactly the same concerns as well. =C2=A0However, Si=
mon and
> I believe there's a solution: RFC5056 channel binding. =C2=A0If you belie=
ve
> that channel binding is not a solution, please say so and let's figure
> out why that might or might not be the case.

My concern was not related to channel bindings, but to the protocol
combination described in the initial message and the fact that
any security guarrantee on the original protocol is turned void by such
combined protocols (one has to reevaluate the security goals and
threats for the new protocol).
Channel bindings indeed provide a better way  to stack security protocols
and authentication in a layered approach.

regards.
Nikos

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On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 10:33 AM, Peter Gutmann
<pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> wrote:

>>* RFC6066 Max fragment size cannot be used to increase the TLS fragment, =
thus
>>punishing hardware accelerated implementations, that have to stick to the
>>maximum 16k header.
> Is there any server around that implements this? =C2=A0I know that some
> implementations advertise support for it, but I've never found anything w=
here
> I could actually test my code (which has been commented out pretty much
> forever due to lack of anything else that does it).

GnuTLS supports it. We have a test server at
http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/server.html.

>>* The RFC6066 truncated HMAC extension is very limited as it only truncat=
es
>>to 80-bits.
> Since, according to the Wikipedia TLS implementation survey, there are
> precisely zero implementations of this, I don't think it matters much wha=
t it
> truncates to.

If you do DTLS using the fancy-pancy SHA256 would take 32-bytes of your dat=
agram
(which might be limited to 1400 bytes or so due to MTU), and having a trunc=
ation
mechanism that is really extensible in a sense that you could cut the MAC o=
n
the security level negotiated would save precious bytes without reducing th=
e
level. (given that the highest TLS security level is 96-bits due to
the finished
message MAC, having a 256-bit MAC at the record messages is pointless).

>>* AEAD interface was defined only for stream ciphers. If a block cipher
>>emerges for AEAD it will not be usable with TLS.
> Again, support for any kind of AEAD is practically nonexistent. =C2=A0We =
can solve
> this one if it ever becomes an issue.

Given that there is hardware support in modern CPUs for GCM I think AEAD
support would increase.

regards,
Nikos

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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
Date: Mon, 11 Apr 2011 12:13:27 +0200
Thread-Topic: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Apr 11, 2011, at 11:43 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:

> On Fri, Apr 8, 2011 at 8:54 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wro=
te:
>=20
>>> If for example I use anonymous DH and perform mutual authentication of
>>> peers using EAP and mschapv2, then it is broken. I suppose there
>>> several scenarios where one can combine that and have a useful
>>> protocol. That is the reason the original TLS did not allow
>>> many extensions. To contain the security decisions to protocol
>>> designers, not individual administrators.
>> IMO: a) EAP methods that support cryptographic binding should/must be
>> used, b) EAP cryptographic binding should/must be used to do RFC5056
>> channel binding to the TLS connection's tls-unique channel bindings.
>> The question is whether (a) and (b) are a SHOULD or a MUST, and if it
>> is not a MUST then what mitigation might or might not be feasible or
>> acceptable.
>> Note though that if RFC5056 channel binding is done from the EAP
>> method to the TLS connection, then your objection is fully dealt with.
>>  And see the Subject: line in the header :) :)  Simon brought up
>> channel binding for a reason, namely, that he had the same concerns as
>> you do.  I have exactly the same concerns as well.  However, Simon and
>> I believe there's a solution: RFC5056 channel binding.  If you believe
>> that channel binding is not a solution, please say so and let's figure
>> out why that might or might not be the case.
>=20
> My concern was not related to channel bindings, but to the protocol
> combination described in the initial message and the fact that
> any security guarrantee on the original protocol is turned void by such
> combined protocols (one has to reevaluate the security goals and
> threats for the new protocol).
> Channel bindings indeed provide a better way  to stack security protocols
> and authentication in a layered approach.

There are two attributes that we consider for EAP methods. They can be key-=
generating (produce an MSK), in which case that MSK can be used for channel=
 binding, and they can be mutually-authenticating, in which case you are sa=
fe to use anonymous D-H. If the method is not mutually-authenticating, the =
client needs to verify the server certificate.

While these two attributes are orthogonal, in practice the modern methods h=
ave both.

Yoav=

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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 3:43 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
<nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:
> My concern was not related to channel bindings, but to the protocol
> combination described in the initial message and the fact that
> any security guarrantee on the original protocol is turned void by such
> combined protocols (one has to reevaluate the security goals and
> threats for the new protocol).

But your concern is addressed by channel binding.  Indeed, I like to
think that the only real concern with respect to adding EAP to TLS
_is_ channel binding.  Any time we layer security technologies we need
to think of composition, and the best, and perhaps only _formal_ tool
that we have for that is channel binding.

> Channel bindings indeed provide a better way =C2=A0to stack security prot=
ocols
> and authentication in a layered approach.

Thanks for the vote of confidence.  Are there any other approaches?

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr 11 09:56:38 2011
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 5:13 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> On Apr 11, 2011, at 11:43 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
>> My concern was not related to channel bindings, but to the protocol
>> combination described in the initial message and the fact that
>> any security guarrantee on the original protocol is turned void by such
>> combined protocols (one has to reevaluate the security goals and
>> threats for the new protocol).
>> Channel bindings indeed provide a better way =C2=A0to stack security pro=
tocols
>> and authentication in a layered approach.
>
> There are two attributes that we consider for EAP methods. They can be ke=
y-generating (produce an MSK), in which case that MSK can be used for chann=
el binding, and they can be mutually-authenticating, in which case you are =
safe to use anonymous D-H. If the method is not mutually-authenticating, th=
e client needs to verify the server certificate.

Key generation can definitely be used for RFC5056 CB.  EAP
Cryptographic Binding can also be used to implement RFC5056 CB.

I don't understand the comment about mutual authentication though.
Can you expand on that?

Did you mean that the EAP method can authenticate the TLS server's
certficate?  (If so that's one form of RFC5056 CB, using the
tls-server-end-point CB type.)  Or did you mean something else?

There has got to be some binding between EAP and TLS, otherwise you
get into trouble.  But you might be able to use tunneled EAP methods
to deal with otherwise weak EAP methods.

Nico
--

From paul.hoffman@vpnc.org  Mon Apr 11 10:10:37 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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On Apr 10, 2011, at 9:48 PM, Eric Rescorla wrote:

> On Sun, Apr 10, 2011 at 4:10 PM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org> =
wrote:
>> On Apr 10, 2011, at 2:25 PM, Joe Salowey wrote:
>>=20
>>> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
>>>  - The TLS protocol, RFC 5346;
>>=20
>> That *could* be read to mean that the WG is not supposed to work on =
TLS 1.3. If that is the intention, then the charter should say so =
explicitly.
>=20
> I hope that's how it should be read. I don't see any pressing need for
> the TLS WG to do a TLS 1.3.

I hear that you don't, but at least a few other people on the list have =
said that they do. The charter needs to be clear one way or the other.

--Paul Hoffman


From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr 11 10:16:07 2011
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 1:38 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
<nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:
> Over the years, I've kept a list of issues of TLS (apply to TLS 1.2).
>
> (I skip all the issues already reported by Peter Gutmann at:
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg07608.html )
>
> * Renegotiation semantics are unclear. When one is supposed to
> do renegotiation? How to distinguish data before a renegotiation
> and after? (especially since application data are allowed
> to be processed during a renegotiation). See also
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg05607.html

I thought it was clear enough: when the client wants to do it (even
though the server can ask the client to do it, the client needn't do
it until it's ready).  But of course, the devil's in the detail...
And ultimately this ties into what the actual APIs look like, because
the application really needs to be in charge of renegotiation
boundaries (i.e., when the server wants it, and when the client starts
it).

> [...]
> * TLS version negotiation. If 1.1 and 1.3 is implemented, then
> negotiation will always fail if talking to a 1.2 server. This
> requires a client to implement all possible TLS protocols
> instead of the latest and a fallback (e.g. TLS 1.0).

Hopefully there will not be a TLS 1.3.  Instead we should use all the
extensibility in 1.2 to avoid the need for 1.3.

Nico
--

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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
Date: Mon, 11 Apr 2011 20:00:40 +0200
Thread-Topic: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Apr 11, 2011, at 7:56 PM, Nico Williams wrote:

> On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 5:13 AM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
>> On Apr 11, 2011, at 11:43 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
>>> My concern was not related to channel bindings, but to the protocol
>>> combination described in the initial message and the fact that
>>> any security guarrantee on the original protocol is turned void by such
>>> combined protocols (one has to reevaluate the security goals and
>>> threats for the new protocol).
>>> Channel bindings indeed provide a better way  to stack security protoco=
ls
>>> and authentication in a layered approach.
>>=20
>> There are two attributes that we consider for EAP methods. They can be k=
ey-generating (produce an MSK), in which case that MSK can be used for chan=
nel binding, and they can be mutually-authenticating, in which case you are=
 safe to use anonymous D-H. If the method is not mutually-authenticating, t=
he client needs to verify the server certificate.
>=20
> Key generation can definitely be used for RFC5056 CB.  EAP
> Cryptographic Binding can also be used to implement RFC5056 CB.
>=20
> I don't understand the comment about mutual authentication though.
> Can you expand on that?

It was in response to Nikos' earlier line: "If for example I use anonymous =
DH and perform mutual authentication of
peers using EAP and mschapv2, then it is broken."

This is because MS-Chapv2 is vulnerable to dictionary attacks, so it can't =
be considered mutually-authenticated. If you don't use an ADH ciphersuite, =
and the client does verify the server certificate, then you don't have this=
 problem.

>=20
> Did you mean that the EAP method can authenticate the TLS server's
> certficate?  (If so that's one form of RFC5056 CB, using the
> tls-server-end-point CB type.)  Or did you mean something else?
>=20
> There has got to be some binding between EAP and TLS, otherwise you
> get into trouble.  But you might be able to use tunneled EAP methods
> to deal with otherwise weak EAP methods.

I intend to use the MSK or a mix of MSK and master secret or extractor to c=
ompute a signature similar to the "Finished" message.

I'm not sure whether this is enough for binding, or whether you also need t=
o mix the key into the session resumption state cache, or actually into the=
 secret used for computing extractors.

I think it's not necessary, but what do you think?




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On 4/11/11 11:03 AM, Paul Hoffman wrote:
> On Apr 10, 2011, at 9:48 PM, Eric Rescorla wrote:
>=20
>> On Sun, Apr 10, 2011 at 4:10 PM, Paul Hoffman
>> <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org> wrote:
>>> On Apr 10, 2011, at 2:25 PM, Joe Salowey wrote:
>>>=20
>>>> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain: - The TLS
>>>> protocol, RFC 5346;
>>>=20
>>> That *could* be read to mean that the WG is not supposed to work
>>> on TLS 1.3. If that is the intention, then the charter should say
>>> so explicitly.
>>=20
>> I hope that's how it should be read. I don't see any pressing need
>> for the TLS WG to do a TLS 1.3.
>=20
> I hear that you don't, but at least a few other people on the list
> have said that they do. The charter needs to be clear one way or the
> other.

Well, rechartering isn't that expensive, so the WG could always
recharter again when folks think it needs to work on TLS 1.3. But I'd
agree that this needs to be clear in this version of the charter.

Peter

--=20
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/




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--------------ms020902050705000506020406--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr 11 11:20:22 2011
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In-Reply-To: <7D27F068-C1F3-4FB1-A321-4D813A2DD9BD@checkpoint.com>
References: <B870629719727B4BA82A6C06A31C2912323A75403A@hqmailsvr01.voltage.com> <006FEB08D9C6444AB014105C9AEB133F013ABE025DFD@il-ex01.ad.checkpoint.com> <B870629719727B4BA82A6C06A31C2912323A7540B0@hqmailsvr01.voltage.com> <BANLkTimS+7iDsbdm+_BAJh+cZoLcagXpEw@mail.gmail.com> <B870629719727B4BA82A6C06A31C2912323A7540E3@hqmailsvr01.voltage.com> <006FEB08D9C6444AB014105C9AEB133F013ABE025E05@il-ex01.ad.checkpoint.com> <4D9D6DF2.4070801@gnutls.org> <48F16295-4EC7-4C7F-938A-D56D97EB2412@checkpoint.com> <4D9F2DB8.8070506@gnutls.org> <BANLkTi=J94Cas8=UP6b_0w5Gv=_1qdS6_Q@mail.gmail.com> <BANLkTi=cfZyYzz_vo22Kyam0K5WmjhYz8A@mail.gmail.com> <601D84F0-847A-47CC-BA7B-D33D1A183503@checkpoint.com> <BANLkTi=iWPyXeusXXfs4QdL4GXK_uzaFKQ@mail.gmail.com> <7D27F068-C1F3-4FB1-A321-4D813A2DD9BD@checkpoint.com>
Date: Mon, 11 Apr 2011 13:20:21 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
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Cc: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] EAP-in-TLS and channel bindings
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On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 1:00 PM, Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> On Apr 11, 2011, at 7:56 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>> There are two attributes that we consider for EAP methods. They can be =
key-generating (produce an MSK), in which case that MSK can be used for cha=
nnel binding, and they can be mutually-authenticating, in which case you ar=
e safe to use anonymous D-H. If the method is not mutually-authenticating, =
the client needs to verify the server certificate.
>>
>> Key generation can definitely be used for RFC5056 CB. =C2=A0EAP
>> Cryptographic Binding can also be used to implement RFC5056 CB.
>>
>> I don't understand the comment about mutual authentication though.
>> Can you expand on that?
>
> It was in response to Nikos' earlier line: "If for example I use anonymou=
s DH and perform mutual authentication of
> peers using EAP and mschapv2, then it is broken."
>
> This is because MS-Chapv2 is vulnerable to dictionary attacks, so it can'=
t be considered mutually-authenticated. If you don't use an ADH ciphersuite=
, and the client does verify the server certificate, then you don't have th=
is problem.

But this is not enough.  You want to protect the method against the
TLS server as well.  After all you might be federating authentication
(OK, that's probably out of scope for your protocol, but then that's
quite limiting, particularly in comparison to the ABFAB work, so I'd
have to wonder why bother with EAP-in-TLS!  see below), and even if
you're not, you'd still want defense in depth, wouldn't you?

So, for weak methods I think you'd want to use tunneling, with the
tunnel end-point located in some server other than the peer of the TLS
client.

> I intend to use the MSK or a mix of MSK and master secret or extractor to=
 compute a signature similar to the "Finished" message.

What you should sign (MAC) is the tls-unique channel bindings data of
the TLS connection.

> I'm not sure whether this is enough for binding, or whether you also need=
 to mix the key into the session resumption state cache, or actually into t=
he secret used for computing extractors.

It's enough binding, provided both peers send a MAC and check the one
received.  But you'll want to associate the authenticated user name
with the TLS session ID.

What is the story regarding federation?  If there isn't one, then I
really have to ask: why bother with this work?  I'd much rather you
pursue draft-williams-tls-sasl-opt + the ABFAB WG GSS-EAP mechanism.
That way you'd get: a) EAP (which is what you want), b) in/over TLS
(also what you want), c) with CB (which you should want), d) plus
federation (which others are bound to want, even if you don't), e)
much more of the crypto worked out for you already (in ABFAB), f) a
fair bit of source code (since much of the Project Moonshot stuff is
open source).  That's a lot of benefits, meriting at least serious
consideration.

(Note also that there's a further one round-trip optimization to make
for draft-williams-tls-sasl-opt by making an optimistic SASL/GS2
mechanism selection and using MIC tokens, one of them PROT_READY, to
do the CB.  If some of those terms mean nothing to you, don't worry --
they are GSS-API specific, and we can go into them later if you choose
to investigate this approach in depth.)

Nico
--=20

Nico
--

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Cc: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>, tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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On 04/11/2011 01:06 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> On 4/11/11 11:03 AM, Paul Hoffman wrote:
>> On Apr 10, 2011, at 9:48 PM, Eric Rescorla wrote:
>>>
>>> I hope that's how it should be read. I don't see any pressing need
>>> for the TLS WG to do a TLS 1.3.
>>
>> I hear that you don't, but at least a few other people on the list
>> have said that they do. The charter needs to be clear one way or the
>> other.
>
> Well, rechartering isn't that expensive, so the WG could always
> recharter again when folks think it needs to work on TLS 1.3. But I'd
> agree that this needs to be clear in this version of the charter.

The idea that the charter would actively prohibit the group from 
considering what might go in TLS 1.3 seems strange to me.

If someone wanted to develop a version increment on the standard does 
this mean they would have to do it outside the WG?  Would the WG then 
refuse to look at it? Of course, this may be something of a moot point 
given the acceptance level of TLS 1.1 and 1.2.

But some recent extensions have the potential to give a significant 
performance improvement at the cost of added complexity. There have also 
been questions about the strength of Finished.verify_data, which is 
really not negotiable via an extension.

If a significant protocol improvement, the natural expression of which 
needed a version bump, were to be proposed is the group charter a good 
basis for rejecting it out-of-hand?

Recent extension proposals have been coming from vendors and other 
interested parties. Why does the WG feel the need to tie its own hands 
with respect to base protocol versioning?

- Marsh

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To: Marsh Ray <marsh@extendedsubset.com>
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Cc: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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On Apr 11, 2011, at 9:58 PM, Marsh Ray wrote:

> On 04/11/2011 01:06 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>> On 4/11/11 11:03 AM, Paul Hoffman wrote:
>>> On Apr 10, 2011, at 9:48 PM, Eric Rescorla wrote:
>>>>=20
>>>> I hope that's how it should be read. I don't see any pressing need
>>>> for the TLS WG to do a TLS 1.3.
>>>=20
>>> I hear that you don't, but at least a few other people on the list
>>> have said that they do. The charter needs to be clear one way or the
>>> other.
>>=20
>> Well, rechartering isn't that expensive, so the WG could always
>> recharter again when folks think it needs to work on TLS 1.3. But I'd
>> agree that this needs to be clear in this version of the charter.
>=20
> The idea that the charter would actively prohibit the group from=20
> considering what might go in TLS 1.3 seems strange to me.

The charter cannot limit what the group considers. You can start a discussi=
on on the mailing list for almost anything, and the best WG chairs or ADs c=
an do is ask you to pretty please get back to discussing charter items.

> If someone wanted to develop a version increment on the standard does=20
> this mean they would have to do it outside the WG?  Would the WG then=20
> refuse to look at it? Of course, this may be something of a moot point=20
> given the acceptance level of TLS 1.1 and 1.2.

You can always submit draft-ray-tls-1-3-00.txt, and tell everyone on the li=
st about it. If the group wants to accept it as a working group item, then =
it will have to recharter.

Also, all the big browsers now support TLS 1.1 and 1.2. Microsoft and GNU-T=
LS based servers also support them. OpenSSL still doesn't, but that's bound=
 to change sometime.

> But some recent extensions have the potential to give a significant=20
> performance improvement at the cost of added complexity. There have also=
=20
> been questions about the strength of Finished.verify_data, which is=20
> really not negotiable via an extension.

I don't see why it's not negotiable via an extension, but if it's not, go a=
head and write that draft.

> If a significant protocol improvement, the natural expression of which=20
> needed a version bump, were to be proposed is the group charter a good=20
> basis for rejecting it out-of-hand?

No. It's a good basis for saying, "Hold on. We have to go to the ADs and re=
charter for this"

> Recent extension proposals have been coming from vendors and other=20
> interested parties. Why does the WG feel the need to tie its own hands=20
> with respect to base protocol versioning?

If you compare the proposed charter to the ipsecme charter ( http://tools.i=
etf.org/wg/ipsecme/charters ) you can see that this one is far broader and =
more open-ended. While this one says that the WG goal is to publish extensi=
ons, the ipsecme charter enumerates the specific extensions. To add any new=
 item to the agenda, the ipsecme group has to recharter.

I don't know what level of open-endedness is best, but as Peter said, recha=
rtering is not all that difficult.


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Cc: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>, tls@ietf.org
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On 04/11/2011 07:16 PM, Nico Williams wrote:

>> * Renegotiation semantics are unclear. When one is supposed to do
>> renegotiation? How to distinguish data before a renegotiation and
>> after? (especially since application data are allowed to be
>> processed during a renegotiation). See also 
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg05607.html
> I thought it was clear enough: when the client wants to do it (even 
> though the server can ask the client to do it, the client needn't do 
> it until it's ready).  But of course, the devil's in the detail... 
> And ultimately this ties into what the actual APIs look like,
> because the application really needs to be in charge of
> renegotiation boundaries (i.e., when the server wants it, and when
> the client starts it).

I wasn't clear enough. RFC5246 mentions:
    "HelloRequest is a simple notification that the client should begin
     the negotiation process anew.  In response, the client should send
     a ClientHello message when convenient. "
So when is convenient? For how long should a server wait for
renegotiation? Would it be wait for 10 application data packets? 10
seconds? Forever? If I want to require renegotiation as a server
what should I do? It is not possible to implement the described semantics.

>> [...] * TLS version negotiation. If 1.1 and 1.3 is implemented,
>> then negotiation will always fail if talking to a 1.2 server. This 
>> requires a client to implement all possible TLS protocols instead
>> of the latest and a fallback (e.g. TLS 1.0).
> Hopefully there will not be a TLS 1.3.  Instead we should use all
> the extensibility in 1.2 to avoid the need for 1.3.

The same problem exists for TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.0. I cannot skip
the implementation of TLS 1.1, if I would like to. This is not
a problem for my implementation in particular, but newcomers
would probably want to implement the latest version and a
fallback such as TLS 1.0 or SSL 3.0. This is not possible today.
One has to implement the whole list of published protocols.

regards,
Nikos


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Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
> 
> On 04/11/2011 07:16 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
> > > 
> > > Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
> > > * Renegotiation semantics are unclear.

The issue is two fold:

  - the TLS spec says so little about renegotiation that this protocol
    feature went completely unreviewed for 15 years.  And the security
    ramifications of the little that is says are not described, either.

  - there is just about any conceivable behaviour present in the
    installed base.  It would seem unreasonable to limit any future
    guidance to what might have been conceived by the original authors
    of the renegotiation at Netscape.


> >
> > >   When one is supposed to do renegotiation?

  1.)  DON'T
  2.)  If you can't be good, at least be good at it: rfc5746
  3.)  pray that your peer doesn't abort on renegotiation requests


> > >   How to distinguish data before a renegotiation and after?
> > >    (especially since application data are allowed to be processed
> > >     during a renegotiation). See also 
> > >   http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg05607.html

If you take into account HTTP Request pipelining, then there could be
a lot of app-data records sitting in the network OS receive buffer of
a server that decides to request renegotiation from a client.


> 
> I wasn't clear enough. RFC5246 mentions:
>     "HelloRequest is a simple notification that the client should begin
>      the negotiation process anew.  In response, the client should send
>      a ClientHello message when convenient. "
> So when is convenient? For how long should a server wait for
> renegotiation? Would it be wait for 10 application data packets? 10
> seconds? Forever? If I want to require renegotiation as a server
> what should I do? It is not possible to implement the described semantics.

An even more difficult question is about "when is the client authenticated
during renegotiation"?  If a TLS server uses an event-based API, and
that event-based API is called when the server processes the Client
Certificate handshake message, then you already have a security problem,
since the authentication of the client requires at least the successful
validation of the CertificateVerify handshake message of an rfc5746-
protected renegotiation to be secure.

The following requirement in the spec looks dangerous for
assumptions of calling applications:

TLSv1.2, Section 6.2.1  Fragmentation (last paragraph)
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-6.2.1

   Note: Data of different TLS record layer content types MAY be
   interleaved.  Application data is generally of lower precedence for
   transmission than other content types.  However, records MUST be
   delivered to the network in the same order as they are protected by
   the record layer.  Recipients MUST receive and process interleaved
   application layer traffic during handshakes subsequent to the first
   one on a connection.


> 
> >> [...] * TLS version negotiation. If 1.1 and 1.3 is implemented,
> >> then negotiation will always fail if talking to a 1.2 server. This 
> >> requires a client to implement all possible TLS protocols instead
> >> of the latest and a fallback (e.g. TLS 1.0).
> > Hopefully there will not be a TLS 1.3.  Instead we should use all
> > the extensibility in 1.2 to avoid the need for 1.3.
> 
> The same problem exists for TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.0. I cannot skip
> the implementation of TLS 1.1, if I would like to. This is not
> a problem for my implementation in particular, but newcomers
> would probably want to implement the latest version and a
> fallback such as TLS 1.0 or SSL 3.0. This is not possible today.
> One has to implement the whole list of published protocols.

I believe the problem is worse:

Due to version intolerance interop problems, it seems currently
not advisable to send a client version higher than TLSv1.0 unless there
already is an application-level reconnect fallback in place.

Or in other words: the existing TLS protocol version negotiation
does not work in the installed base as designed and ought to be
replaced.

While SSLv3 -> TLSv1.0 -> TLSv1.1 could mostly be seen as generally
useful security improvements, I doubt that this characterization
applies to rfc5246.  So yes, I also see a need to sidestep
TLS protocol versions by now.

-Martin

From paul.hoffman@vpnc.org  Mon Apr 11 15:33:34 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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On Apr 11, 2011, at 12:23 PM, Yoav Nir wrote:
>> The idea that the charter would actively prohibit the group from=20
>> considering what might go in TLS 1.3 seems strange to me.
>=20
> The charter cannot limit what the group considers.

Er, yes it can, if the WG chairs want to use it as a tool to do so. It =
sounds like Ekr, in fact, wants this tool.

> You can start a discussion on the mailing list for almost anything, =
and the best WG chairs or ADs can do is ask you to pretty please get =
back to discussing charter items.

And then you have an uphill battle.

>> If someone wanted to develop a version increment on the standard does=20=

>> this mean they would have to do it outside the WG?  Would the WG then=20=

>> refuse to look at it? Of course, this may be something of a moot =
point=20
>> given the acceptance level of TLS 1.1 and 1.2.
>=20
> You can always submit draft-ray-tls-1-3-00.txt, and tell everyone on =
the list about it. If the group wants to accept it as a working group =
item, then it will have to recharter.

In such a situation, the WG does not *have* to recharter. The chairs can =
set up roadblocks. (I say this as a chair who has, in the past, set up =
such roadblocks.)

> I don't know what level of open-endedness is best, but as Peter said, =
rechartering is not all that difficult.


He said that it was not expensive, not that it wasn't difficult. =
Rechartering is difficult when one or both chairs doesn't want it.

--Paul Hoffman


From mrex@sap.com  Mon Apr 11 15:42:54 2011
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From: Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com>
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To: jsalowey@cisco.com (Joe Salowey)
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Joe Salowey wrote:
> 
> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
>   - The TLS protocol, RFC 5246;
> The WG will attempt to avoid gratuitous changes to these protocols.

I'm irritated by this particular combination of statements.

It creates the impression that you want to preclude the TLS WG
from working on fixes for the problems of TLSv1.2 that have already
been identified.


Personally, I'm seeing so many problems with the original TLS protocol
version negotiation, that I think that needs to be changed as well
in order to improve the interop with the installed base and improved
migration to future protocol updates.


During its lifetime IPv4 was faced with challenges to its original
design.  Anyhow, the IETF adopted CIDR at some point, and in spite
of initial fierce resistance against it, the IETF at some point accepted
the existence and use of NAT to address problems of the real world.


I believe that we are seeing a divergence with the TLS specs from
the necessities and (interop) problems of the real world, and the TLS WG
ought to be pragmatic and propose remedies for the real world, rather
than start religious wars about what a perfect world should look like.


-Martin

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Apr 11 16:07:37 2011
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On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 5:42 PM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> Joe Salowey wrote:
>>
>> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
>> =C2=A0 - The TLS protocol, RFC 5246;
>> The WG will attempt to avoid gratuitous changes to these protocols.
>
> I'm irritated by this particular combination of statements.
>
> It creates the impression that you want to preclude the TLS WG
> from working on fixes for the problems of TLSv1.2 that have already
> been identified.

I suppose it depends on what is meant by "maintain the protocol".  I
assumed "fix bugs", "clarify", that sort of activity -- what else
could be meant by that?  Specific proposals to fix protocol or
specification bugs may or may not be "gratuitous".

Taken together, and unless I'm misreading the meaning of "maintain", I
think the above means that simple fixes to protocol and/or
specification bugs will generally be adopted, while fixes that would
amount to, say, a new minor version of the protocol would not be.

If the proposed charter text confuses you regarding this, then it
should be clarified.

Nico
--

From ynir@checkpoint.com  Mon Apr 11 16:11:42 2011
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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
Date: Mon, 11 Apr 2011 22:23:23 +0200
Thread-Topic: [TLS] Proposed working group charter update
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On Apr 11, 2011, at 10:56 PM, Paul Hoffman wrote:

> On Apr 11, 2011, at 12:23 PM, Yoav Nir wrote:
>>> The idea that the charter would actively prohibit the group from=20
>>> considering what might go in TLS 1.3 seems strange to me.
>>=20
>> The charter cannot limit what the group considers.
>=20
> Er, yes it can, if the WG chairs want to use it as a tool to do so. It so=
unds like Ekr, in fact, wants this tool.
>=20
>> You can start a discussion on the mailing list for almost anything, and =
the best WG chairs or ADs can do is ask you to pretty please get back to di=
scussing charter items.
>=20
> And then you have an uphill battle.

A lot of pushing documents forward feels like an uphill battle. If you can =
get enough people to support the idea, these battles can be won.

>>> If someone wanted to develop a version increment on the standard does=20
>>> this mean they would have to do it outside the WG?  Would the WG then=20
>>> refuse to look at it? Of course, this may be something of a moot point=
=20
>>> given the acceptance level of TLS 1.1 and 1.2.
>>=20
>> You can always submit draft-ray-tls-1-3-00.txt, and tell everyone on the=
 list about it. If the group wants to accept it as a working group item, th=
en it will have to recharter.
>=20
> In such a situation, the WG does not *have* to recharter. The chairs can =
set up roadblocks. (I say this as a chair who has, in the past, set up such=
 roadblocks.)

Did you set up roadblocks against WG consensus?  If so, then the ADs should=
 have intervened.  This was not the case in ipsecme where the chairs and AD=
s limited the amount of items on the group's agenda. Sure, some people didn=
't like it that their pet drafts were excluded, but I think there was conse=
nsus for not taking on a dozen items at the same time.

>=20
>> I don't know what level of open-endedness is best, but as Peter said, re=
chartering is not all that difficult.
>=20
> He said that it was not expensive, not that it wasn't difficult. Recharte=
ring is difficult when one or both chairs doesn't want it.

I think the chairs could make it just as difficult, even if the charter sai=
d "maintain TLS 1.2 and write future versions if needed".=

From mrex@sap.com  Mon Apr 11 16:25:54 2011
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From: Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com>
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To: nmav@gnutls.org (Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos)
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Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
> 
> * RFC6066 Max fragment size cannot be used to increase the TLS fragment,
> thus punishing hardware accelerated implementations, that have
> to stick to the maximum 16k header.

It it really weird to deny communication peers to consensually negotiate
fragments larger than 16 KByte.

> 
> * The RFC6066 truncated HMAC extension is very limited as it
> only truncates to 80-bits. It could be very useful especially
> in DTLS where the fragment size is very limiting, but not
> in its current form. 80-bits should be enough for everybody
> is not very convincing. Common security levels should
> be allowed at least (64/80/96/128/192/256). This extension
> might belong to the core TLS protocol if it is ever made aware
> of security levels.

I hadn't noticed that limitation of this TLS extension.

Considering the guidance in rfc2104 and the work in the IPSEC area,
it seems strange that truncation for the data HMACS to half the
underlying hash output size is not part of the TLS base spec already.

> 
> * Short finished message signature fixed to 12 bytes. The provisioning
> of TLS 1.2 for ciphersuites to increase it was never used
> by ciphersuites that aimed high security levels (AES-256, HMAC-384),
> thus it is pretty much already obsolete. It seems the finished
> message size should be defined by the TLS protocol itself
> to be usable. (this is another argument of TLS being made
> aware of security levels).

Yup, that should be fixed along the way.


> 
> * TLS version negotiation. If 1.1 and 1.3 is implemented, then
> negotiation will always fail if talking to a 1.2 server. This
> requires a client to implement all possible TLS protocols
> instead of the latest and a fallback (e.g. TLS 1.0).

The most significant problem that I have with the existing TLS
specs is that every implementor has to work out the differences
all by himself.  And the less experience one has with any of
the protocols (SSLv3,TLSv1.0,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2) the more difficult
it is to start a new implementation with the necessary generality
that it will support all protocol versions with no changes to
the architecture of the implementation.


As you can see from the discussion in the TLS WG archives, for the
original design of SSLv3, you did not need to memorize handshake
messages to compute the handshake message hash that was used by
the ClientVerify handshake message and by the PRF(), and that
design was explicitly carried over to TLSv1.0 (and TLSv1.1).


The design of the TLSv1.2 signature algorithm extension as well as
the CertificateRequest handshake message break with this design
in a very bad way -- and neither does TLSv1.2 indicate that it
breaks that design, not does it give any rationale why breaking
this would be necessary.  


> 
> * It is not known when is record version acceptable. Is a record
> version of 3.55 acceptable? Is 4.0 acceptable? What about 65.35?
> There should be at least a ranges of acceptable record version
> numbers (for the initial hello message).

That particular question should be easy to answer by common sense.

The protocol version on the record layer gives you the protocol
version of the PDU(!).  Sending { 0x03,0x00 } ist the most sensible
default for ClientHello on the initial handshake of a new connection.

If a client does not care about getting back a TLS alert from old servers,
the client may use the lowest protocol version in the record layer, that
it would be willing to negotiate (because the server will have to be able
to parse protocol PDUs of that protocol version).


-Martin

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On Mon, Apr 11, 2011 at 2:26 PM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
<nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:
> On 04/11/2011 07:16 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>> * Renegotiation semantics are unclear. When one is supposed to do
>>> renegotiation? How to distinguish data before a renegotiation and
>>> after? (especially since application data are allowed to be
>>> processed during a renegotiation). See also
>>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg05607.html
>> I thought it was clear enough: when the client wants to do it (even
>> though the server can ask the client to do it, the client needn't do
>> it until it's ready). =C2=A0But of course, the devil's in the detail...
>> And ultimately this ties into what the actual APIs look like,
>> because the application really needs to be in charge of
>> renegotiation boundaries (i.e., when the server wants it, and when
>> the client starts it).
>
> I wasn't clear enough. RFC5246 mentions:
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0"HelloRequest is a simple notification that the client shoul=
d begin
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0 the negotiation process anew. =C2=A0In response, the client=
 should send
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0 a ClientHello message when convenient. "
> So when is convenient? For how long should a server wait for
> renegotiation? Would it be wait for 10 application data packets? 10
> seconds? Forever? If I want to require renegotiation as a server
> what should I do? It is not possible to implement the described semantics=
.

If you distinguish between "TLS" and "application" server then the
answer should be obvious: the TLS implementation on the server side
doesn't "wait" -it just sends the request on behalf of the
application- while the application on the server side does whatever is
appropriate for it.  For example, an LDAP server might request
renegotiation and treat the connection as unauthenticated until the
client either renegotiates or, perhaps, does some acceptable LDAP SASL
Bind operation.  Similarly for IMAP, and other protocols for that
matter.  It seems silly to discuss renegotiation as a way to
authenticate the client user without distinguishing between TLS and
the application.

This is why I keep harping on the need for abstract APIs: it helps
draw such distinctions and delineate responsibility for different
actions (e.g., TLS vs. application), and it helps implementors design
actual APIs that provide the necessary functionality.

Without abstract APIs we end up writing text like what you quote.

Fortunately it is often/usually possible to analyze a situation such
as this one from an API point of view and make the inference I drew
above, and which I called "obvious" -- it's obvious to me, though only
because I applied that p.o.v.  Of course, you and/or others might
disagree with this point of view, or you might point to examples where
what got implemented conflicts with my interpretation of that text
(though this latter wouldn't invalidate that interpretation).

>>> [...] * TLS version negotiation. If 1.1 and 1.3 is implemented,
>>> then negotiation will always fail if talking to a 1.2 server. This
>>> requires a client to implement all possible TLS protocols instead
>>> of the latest and a fallback (e.g. TLS 1.0).
>> Hopefully there will not be a TLS 1.3. =C2=A0Instead we should use all
>> the extensibility in 1.2 to avoid the need for 1.3.
>
> The same problem exists for TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.0. I cannot skip
> the implementation of TLS 1.1, if I would like to. This is not
> a problem for my implementation in particular, but newcomers
> would probably want to implement the latest version and a
> fallback such as TLS 1.0 or SSL 3.0. This is not possible today.
> One has to implement the whole list of published protocols.

That is very sad.  How much work is it to implement 1.1 though, if you
already have 1.0 and 1.2?  I suspect it's not that much.  Implementing
1.2 if you have 1.1 and 1.3 might be a huge PITA, however, depending
on what ever goes into 1.3.

Nico
--

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: nmav@gnutls.org, pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz
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Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> writes:

>If you do DTLS using the fancy-pancy SHA256 would take 32-bytes of your
>datagram (which might be limited to 1400 bytes or so due to MTU), and having
>a truncation mechanism that is really extensible in a sense that you could
>cut the MAC on the security level negotiated would save precious bytes
>without reducing the level. (given that the highest TLS security level is 96-
>bits due to the finished message MAC, having a 256-bit MAC at the record
>messages is pointless).

Ah, good point.  In fact you could truncate every MAC to about 64 bits without
losing any security.

>Given that there is hardware support in modern CPUs for GCM I think AEAD
>support would increase.

AES-GCM is a stream cipher, so there isn't a problem with this anyway.  What
you'd need is some as-yet-unspecified AEAD block cipher, if we haven't even
got GCM support deployed then I don't think unspecified-block-cipher support
is anything to worry about.

Peter.


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On Apr 11, 2011, at 3:42 PM, Martin Rex wrote:

> Joe Salowey wrote:
>>=20
>> The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
>>  - The TLS protocol, RFC 5246;
>> The WG will attempt to avoid gratuitous changes to these protocols.
>=20
> I'm irritated by this particular combination of statements.
>=20
> It creates the impression that you want to preclude the TLS WG
> from working on fixes for the problems of TLSv1.2 that have already
> been identified.
>=20

[Joe]  This is not the intention.  Fixes problems or clarifying the =
protocol would be part of maintenance as long as the changes are not too =
great.   If the changes are significant then the work would require =
adding to the charter.  Depending upon the consensus around the issue =
this can be difficult or not.  Given the problems discussed on this =
thread, if there were consensus to address them, it does not seem to me =
they would require a modification to the charter.   There could be some =
approaches to solving these problems (such as changing the TLS version =
number) that would require changing the charter.   I'll try to come up =
with some better wording. =20

>=20
> Personally, I'm seeing so many problems with the original TLS protocol
> version negotiation, that I think that needs to be changed as well
> in order to improve the interop with the installed base and improved
> migration to future protocol updates.
>=20
>=20
> During its lifetime IPv4 was faced with challenges to its original
> design.  Anyhow, the IETF adopted CIDR at some point, and in spite
> of initial fierce resistance against it, the IETF at some point =
accepted
> the existence and use of NAT to address problems of the real world.
>=20
>=20
> I believe that we are seeing a divergence with the TLS specs from
> the necessities and (interop) problems of the real world, and the TLS =
WG
> ought to be pragmatic and propose remedies for the real world, rather
> than start religious wars about what a perfect world should look like.
>=20
>=20
> -Martin


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On 04/12/2011 08:54 AM, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos<nmav@gnutls.org>  writes:
>
>> If you do DTLS using the fancy-pancy SHA256 would take 32-bytes of your
>> datagram (which might be limited to 1400 bytes or so due to MTU), and having
>> a truncation mechanism that is really extensible in a sense that you could
>> cut the MAC on the security level negotiated would save precious bytes
>> without reducing the level. (given that the highest TLS security level is 96-
>> bits due to the finished message MAC, having a 256-bit MAC at the record
>> messages is pointless).
>
> Ah, good point.  In fact you could truncate every MAC to about 64 bits without
> losing any security.

Does that really follow in practice?

In order for the bad guy to arrange a situation where Finished messages 
could be collided he may need 2^49 or so active server and/or client 
sessions or handshake attempts in play at the same time. But a collision 
on a DTLS record MAC may simply need that quantity of data records in 
order to be useful. Most protocols will hopefully have far more data 
packets than handshake messages. So a Finished message collision seems 
categorically harder than a data record collision.

Many of us feel that the 96-bit Finished.verify_data length is too 
short, but thankfully there are some mitigating factors that seem to 
make an attack impractical.

We should not then interpret it as an absolute 48-bit ceiling on the 
security factor which justifies adjusting the strength of other parts of 
the system downwards.

- Marsh

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On 04/12/2011 09:18 PM, Marsh Ray wrote:

>> Ah, good point.  In fact you could truncate every MAC to about 64 bits
>> without
>> losing any security.
> Does that really follow in practice?
> In order for the bad guy to arrange a situation where Finished messages
> could be collided he may need 2^49 or so active server and/or client
> sessions or handshake attempts in play at the same time. But a collision
> on a DTLS record MAC may simply need that quantity of data records in
> order to be useful. Most protocols will hopefully have far more data
> packets than handshake messages. So a Finished message collision seems
> categorically harder than a data record collision.

Why is that? Both are fatal if verification fails, thus any attack would
have the same effect being on finished message or record message.

> Many of us feel that the 96-bit Finished.verify_data length is too
> short, but thankfully there are some mitigating factors that seem to
> make an attack impractical.

The same factors make the attack impractical for application data
records that have much larger MAC attached to them. I don't see why
there needs to be a different handling of those two MACs.

regards,
Nikos

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On 04/12/2011 03:54 PM, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> writes:
> 
>> If you do DTLS using the fancy-pancy SHA256 would take 32-bytes of your
>> datagram (which might be limited to 1400 bytes or so due to MTU), and having
>> a truncation mechanism that is really extensible in a sense that you could
>> cut the MAC on the security level negotiated would save precious bytes
>> without reducing the level. (given that the highest TLS security level is 96-
>> bits due to the finished message MAC, having a 256-bit MAC at the record
>> messages is pointless).
> 
> Ah, good point.  In fact you could truncate every MAC to about 64 bits without
> losing any security.

Do you mean to 96-bits? With 64-bits you lower your security level to
64-bits from 96.

regards,
Nikos

From marsh@extendedsubset.com  Tue Apr 12 14:27:31 2011
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On 04/12/2011 03:28 PM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
>
> On 04/12/2011 09:18 PM, Marsh Ray wrote:
>> So a Finished message collision seems categorically harder than a
>> data record collision.
>
> Why is that? Both are fatal if verification fails, thus any attack
> would have the same effect being on finished message or record
> message.

The DTLS RFC sums up one way they are different:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2
>
> Note that one important difference between DTLS and TLS MAC handling
> is that in TLS MAC errors must result in connection termination.  In
> DTLS, the receiving implementation MAY simply discard the offending
> record and continue with the connection.  This change is possible
> because DTLS records are not dependent on each other in the way that
> TLS records are.
>
> In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
> bad MACs.

This is comparing DTLS and TLS record MACs, but Finished messages are 
analogous to TLS record MACs in that they are consipcuously fatal.

I admit it's not a rigorous argument, but it just seems a bit more 
plausible that a DTLS endpoint would silently discard 2^(security 
factor) datagrams than that a client or server experiencing a similar 
number of handshake failures would go unnoticed.

- Marsh

From ekr@rtfm.com  Tue Apr 12 14:39:39 2011
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On Tue, Apr 12, 2011 at 2:27 PM, Marsh Ray <marsh@extendedsubset.com> wrote=
:
> On 04/12/2011 03:28 PM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos wrote:
>>
>> On 04/12/2011 09:18 PM, Marsh Ray wrote:
>>>
>>> So a Finished message collision seems categorically harder than a
>>> data record collision.
>>
>> Why is that? Both are fatal if verification fails, thus any attack
>> would have the same effect being on finished message or record
>> message.
>
> The DTLS RFC sums up one way they are different:
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2
>>
>> Note that one important difference between DTLS and TLS MAC handling
>> is that in TLS MAC errors must result in connection termination. =A0In
>> DTLS, the receiving implementation MAY simply discard the offending
>> record and continue with the connection. =A0This change is possible
>> because DTLS records are not dependent on each other in the way that
>> TLS records are.
>>
>> In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
>> bad MACs.
>
> This is comparing DTLS and TLS record MACs, but Finished messages are
> analogous to TLS record MACs in that they are consipcuously fatal.
>
> I admit it's not a rigorous argument, but it just seems a bit more plausi=
ble
> that a DTLS endpoint would silently discard 2^(security factor) datagrams
> than that a client or server experiencing a similar number of handshake
> failures would go unnoticed.

I agree that DTLS is significantly more vulnerable to packet forgery at a g=
iven
MAC length than TLS.

For a given MAC length, the chance that an arbitrary packet/MAC pair
will verify is 2^{-k} where k is the number of bits in the MAC. With TLS, a=
s
the consequence of a failed MAC is that the connection is terminated, an
attacker only gets one try per connection. With DTLS, because the packet
is just dropped, you get an arbitrary number of trials per connection. Howe=
ver,
even for a 64-bit MAC, that means you would need to send 2^{64} packets
in order to get a single accepted forgery, so that seems like a pretty high
level of security.

-Ekr

From mrex@sap.com  Tue Apr 12 17:20:17 2011
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Simon Josefsson wrote:
> 
> Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> writes:
> > 
> > Hovav Shacham <hovav@cs.ucsd.edu> writes:
> > >
> > >How about we remove DSA support from TLS, then?

The decision in 1997 to mandate DHE_DSS was more of a political
than a technical decision, because the DH patent had just expired
and the RSA patent would not expire until 2000 (albeit the RSA
patent existed only in that part of the world where patent filing
was allowed up to a year after publication).


>
> > Possibly a bit extreme, but we could at least mark it "historical" or 
> > "deprecated" or something.  In fact we could do that for an awful lot of 
> > existing cipher suites.  Note that this isn't changing the standard
> > in any way, it's just documenting what's already the norm among
> > implementations.  If a cipher suite's been in there for ten years
> > and there are, approximately, zero cases of it being used, then
> > saying "Don't bother with this one" in order to help guide
> > implementers seems sensible.
> 
> Unfortunately I think DSA is still mandatory-to-implement in some
> protocols.  That makes it a bit more complicated, but still doable.

DHE_DSS was mandatory to implement _only_ for TLSv1.0 (but not SSLv3!):

 TLSv1.0      http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2246#section-9

   9. Mandatory Cipher Suites

   In the absence of an application profile standard specifying
   otherwise, a TLS compliant application MUST implement the cipher
   suite TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA.


 TLSv1.1      http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4346#section-9

   In the absence of an application profile standard specifying
   otherwise, a TLS compliant application MUST implement the cipher
   suite TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA.

 TLSv1.2      http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-9

   In the absence of an application profile standard specifying
   otherwise, a TLS-compliant application MUST implement the cipher
   suite TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (see Appendix A.5 for the
   definition).


The wording in that section 9 looks garbled to me.
I assume this requirement was supposed to apply to
"TLS compliant implementations", and not application callers of TLS
(applications would not implement, but rather request cipher suites).


In practice, a TLS implementation without these two cipher suites

      CipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA              = { 0x00,0x05 };
      CipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA         = { 0x00,0x0A };

will likely encounter interop problems with a number of TLS peers,
whereas TLS implementations with _only_ RSA (no DH, no DHE, no DSS)
hardly ever missed those cipher suites, except maybe in a few
exotic PKIs.


SSLv3 does not appear to have any mandatory cipher suites.
Section D.1 of the SSL version 3 draft (draft302.txt) says this:

   D.4 CipherSuites

   SSL supports a range of key sizes and security levels, including
   some which provide no or minimal security.  A proper implementation
   will probably not support many cipher suites.  


-Martin

From geoffk@geoffk.org  Tue Apr 12 17:43:49 2011
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Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> writes:

> In practice, a TLS implementation without these two cipher suites
> 
>       CipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA              = { 0x00,0x05 };
>       CipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA         = { 0x00,0x0A };
> 
> will likely encounter interop problems with a number of TLS peers,
> whereas TLS implementations with _only_ RSA (no DH, no DHE, no DSS)
> hardly ever missed those cipher suites, except maybe in a few
> exotic PKIs.

Actually, the first one is almost certainly not necessary for a
client.  A small fraction (less than 0.5%) of servers still require
TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, but generally if you have
TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA you'll be OK, and you can reasonably add
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA to obtain forward security on those
servers that support it.  Many servers do prefer RC4 (probably for
performance reasons, if their alternative was 3DES!) but if it's not
available they'll choose something else.

There are some Internet hosts with a DSA key signed by a popular root
CA, but we're talking 0.03% or so, and many of those are expired.

For future work, I would ignore DSS.  It has some useful
characteristics in some circumstances, but ECDSA has the same
characteristics and more.

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: geoffk@geoffk.org, mrex@sap.com
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Geoffrey Keating <geoffk@geoffk.org> writes:

>For future work, I would ignore DSS.

I missed a chance to comment on this earlier, but when someone asked "why 
would you need a TLS 1.3 when TLS 1.2 is infinitely extensible", my response 
would have been "we might need a TLS 1.3 precisely *because* TLS 1.2 is 
infinitely extensible and therefore potentially infinitely complex".  TLS 1.3 
would have the one or two standard cipher suites that everyone uses anway, the 
one or two standard hash algorithms that ..., and a fixed way of doing things 
that would satisfy (literally, from the figures we've seen posted here) about 
99.995% of all users while vastly reducing the complexity (and thereby attack 
surface) of implementations.

Speaking of fixing TLS 1.2 problems, what's the next move for the action list 
of TLS 1.2 issues I posted a week or so back?  Can I get the edit token for TLS 
1.2bis, or should I do a distinct draft that'll then be folded into a future 
TLS 1.2bis?

Peter.

From ekr@rtfm.com  Tue Apr 12 22:33:38 2011
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On Tue, Apr 12, 2011 at 8:26 PM, Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> =
wrote
> Speaking of fixing TLS 1.2 problems, what's the next move for the action =
list
> of TLS 1.2 issues I posted a week or so back? =A0Can I get the edit token=
 for TLS
> 1.2bis, or should I do a distinct draft that'll then be folded into a fut=
ure
> TLS 1.2bis?

With regard to the specific list of issues you raised:

1. I'm not convinced that the requirement that relying parties check
the signature_algorithm
should in fact be relaxed. In general, I believe that semantics that
are requested in the protocol
should indeed be enforced. However, even if we were to make this
change, the simplest
thing would be a standalone document that relaxed the requirement.

2. I don't have a problem with changing the name of
SignatureAndHashAlgorithm in some future
draft, but since this is basically an editorial change, I also don't
think it merits a -bis.

3. The ECC issues you raise are not issues in 5246 at all, since ECC
is specified in a
different document (4492).


So, with this list in mind, I don't believe a revision of 5246 is
either necessary or appropriate
at this time.

-Ekr

From ekr@rtfm.com  Tue Apr 12 22:35:20 2011
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On Tue, Apr 12, 2011 at 5:20 PM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> Simon Josefsson wrote:
>>
>> Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> writes:
>> >
>> > Hovav Shacham <hovav@cs.ucsd.edu> writes:
>> > >
>> > >How about we remove DSA support from TLS, then?
>
> The decision in 1997 to mandate DHE_DSS was more of a political
> than a technical decision, because the DH patent had just expired
> and the RSA patent would not expire until 2000 (albeit the RSA
> patent existed only in that part of the world where patent filing
> was allowed up to a year after publication).

Yes, I agree with that assessment of the situation. Not the IESG's finest
hour, really.


-Ekr

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: ekr@rtfm.com, pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz
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Date: Wed, 13 Apr 2011 18:20:04 +1200
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com> writes:

>1. I'm not convinced that the requirement that relying parties check the 
>signature_algorithm should in fact be relaxed.

This despite the fact that every single person who responded considered it a 
really bad idea (and some were far more vigorous in their comments than just 
"bad idea"), and that no implementation actually checks it?  This sort of
approach sounds more like PKIX than TLS.

>3. The ECC issues you raise are not issues in 5246 at all, since ECC is 
>specified in a different document (4492).

5246 claims to be an update to 4492 (line 4 of the doc), and a far more 
drastic one than just adding a few new cipher suites since it's not 
backwards-compatible with 4492.  This would be just another update of 4492,
and one that's fully backwards-compatible.

Peter.

From pgut001@login01.cs.auckland.ac.nz  Wed Apr 13 00:00:47 2011
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Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com> writes:

>Do you mean to 96-bits? With 64-bits you lower your security level to 64-bits 
>from 96.

No, I meant 64.  Having a 1 in 2^64 chance to guess a MAC isn't going to make 
things any easier for an attacker than a 1 in 2^96 chance (for pure TLS, where 
you get one guess and then get disconnected).  For DTLS it's a little bit 
easier, but still astronomically remote.

Peter.

From juhovh@iki.fi  Wed Apr 13 01:12:55 2011
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On Apr 13, 2011, at 9:20 AM, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com> writes:
>=20
>> 1. I'm not convinced that the requirement that relying parties check =
the=20
>> signature_algorithm should in fact be relaxed.
>=20
> This despite the fact that every single person who responded =
considered it a=20
> really bad idea (and some were far more vigorous in their comments =
than just=20
> "bad idea"), and that no implementation actually checks it?  This sort =
of
> approach sounds more like PKIX than TLS.

Personally I was pretty shocked by this comment, should someone gather =
the related discussion from the mailing list into a single statement, in =
case the consensus wasn't clear enough already? I think there was only =
one argument for the strict checking, which was constrained devices that =
don't want to implement multiple hash functions and signing methods. But =
the bad sides presented clearly outweighed the good sides, having =
multiple certificates for each hash function just to fill this =
requirement in TLS 1.2 is simply not going to happen... It's far more =
likely that either the strict checking is ignored or TLS 1.2 is not =
implemented at all.


Juho


From ekr@rtfm.com  Wed Apr 13 06:47:19 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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On Tue, Apr 12, 2011 at 11:20 PM, Peter Gutmann
<pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> wrote:

>>3. The ECC issues you raise are not issues in 5246 at all, since ECC is
>>specified in a different document (4492).
>
> 5246 claims to be an update to 4492 (line 4 of the doc), and a far more
> drastic one than just adding a few new cipher suites since it's not
> backwards-compatible with 4492. =A0This would be just another update of 4=
492,
> and one that's fully backwards-compatible.

Yes, the "Updates:" language in IETF documents isn't very expressive.
Sorry about
that. Regardless, if you want to do a document which only affects ECC
algorithms,
the appropriate place to do it is in a separate document, not as a
revision to 5246.

-Ekr

From mrex@sap.com  Wed Apr 13 08:06:21 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Eric Rescorla wrote:
> 
> Peter Gutmann wrote:
> 
> >>3. The ECC issues you raise are not issues in 5246 at all, since ECC is
> >>specified in a different document (4492).
> >
> > 5246 claims to be an update to 4492 (line 4 of the doc), and a far more
> > drastic one than just adding a few new cipher suites since it's not
> > backwards-compatible with 4492.  This would be just another update of 4492,
> > and one that's fully backwards-compatible.

rfc5246 is explicit about the little it updates:

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#appendix-A.7

> 
> Yes, the "Updates:" language in IETF documents isn't very expressive.
> Sorry about that. Regardless, if you want to do a document which only
> affects ECC algorithms, the appropriate place to do it is in a
> separate document, not as a revision to 5246.

I think we need both.  An update to rfc-5246 to standardize
the use of DSA & ECDSA with hash function beyond SHA-1,
and then an update of rfc4492 to make use of this and to profile
a reasonable subset of algorithm parameters.

See last paragraph of Section 7.4.8 Certificate Verify, rfc5246

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.4.8

      Because DSA signatures do not contain any secure indication of
      hash algorithm, there is a risk of hash substitution if multiple
      hashes may be used with any key.  Currently, DSA [DSS] may only be
      used with SHA-1.  Future revisions of DSS [DSS-3] are expected to
      allow the use of other digest algorithms with DSA, as well as
      guidance as to which digest algorithms should be used with each
      key size.  In addition, future revisions of [PKIX] may specify
      mechanisms for certificates to indicate which digest algorithms
      are to be used with DSA.

Since truncation of SHA-256 for DSA keypairs with public prime q shorter
than the hash output size is actually well-defined in FIPS 186-3,
a pragmatic approach for TLSv1.2 would have been to use SHA-256 rather than
SHA-1 throughout by default, i.e. including for the handshake message hash
that goes into the ClientVerify handshake message, the signature in the
ServerKeyExchange handshake message and the input to the PRF.

We cannot fix that for TLSv1.2 (rfc5246), as it would be backwards-
incompatible, so our fixing options are either to define a TLS extension
(which could be used in TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 with ease), or to define
a TLSv1.3.

Considering the undesirable impact of the rfc5246 SignatureAndHashAlgorithm
on the original TLS design (not knowing which hash algorithm is going to
be used for the handshake message hash of the CertifcateVerify handshake
message in TLSv1.2), so I do not think it would be sensible to define
TLSv1.3 without fixing that part of TLSv1.2.


-Martin

From juhovh@gmail.com  Wed Apr 13 09:33:54 2011
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Cc: simon@josefsson.org, geoffk@geoffk.org, tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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On Apr 13, 2011, at 9:20 AM, Peter Gutmann wrote:
>> 3. The ECC issues you raise are not issues in 5246 at all, since ECC =
is=20
>> specified in a different document (4492).
>=20
> 5246 claims to be an update to 4492 (line 4 of the doc), and a far =
more=20
> drastic one than just adding a few new cipher suites since it's not=20
> backwards-compatible with 4492.  This would be just another update of =
4492,
> and one that's fully backwards-compatible.

I had to go to dig out the original email describing the ECC issues, =
because
I didn't read it well enough the first time. I was wondering if you =
could
clarify the following statement a bit:

Sub-issue: The overall suite chosen can be retroactively modified by ECC
parameters sent later in the handshake, so when choosing a suite you =
have to
remember not only the main suite but also one (or possibly more) backup =
suites
to fall back on if a later ECC parameter means you can't use your first
choice.

I don't see how this works, because in case of ECC the server is always
selecting the cipher suite and sending the ServerKeyExchange, and these =
both
happen between ServerHello and ServerHelloDone. What did I miss?

Otherwise I think we can agree that the ECC extension in TLS is very =
complex,
but then again I'm happy that it doesn't mandate for example supporting =
P256
curve, because I'm working with devices that wouldn't have the resources =
for
handling it.


Juho


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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com> writes:

>the appropriate place to do it is in a separate document, not as a revision
>to 5246.

OK, I'll get to work on that.  It would be good to be able to connect to an
ECC-suporting server and not have to iteratively guess what parameters you
need to send it to get it to connect.

Peter.

From iesg-secretary@ietf.org  Thu Apr 14 14:13:28 2011
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Subject: [TLS] Second Last Call: <draft-kanno-tls-camellia-00.txt> (Addition of the	Camellia Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security (TLS)) to	Informational RFC
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The IESG has received a request from an individual submitter to consider
the following document:
- 'Addition of the Camellia Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security
   (TLS)'
  <draft-kanno-tls-camellia-01.txt> as an Informational RFC

This SECOND last call has been made because an IPR disclosure was
received after the first IETF LC was initiated.

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2011-05-12. Exceptionally, comments may be
sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.

The file can be obtained via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-kanno-tls-camellia/

IESG discussion can be tracked via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-kanno-tls-camellia/

IPR disclosures for this document exist: https://datatracker.ietf.org/ipr/1502/



The following IPR Declarations may be related to this I-D:

http://datatracker.ietf.org/ipr/1502/

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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"=?iso-8859-1?Q?Juho_V=E4h=E4-Herttua?=" <juhovh@gmail.com> writes:

>I don't see how this works, because in case of ECC the server is always
>selecting the cipher suite and sending the ServerKeyExchange, and these both
>happen between ServerHello and ServerHelloDone. What did I miss?

Say you (i.e. the server) see, and select,
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384, as the best suite.  Then later in the
exchange the client says, via an extension, that it wants to do P256, which
isn't really suited for use with SHA384 (unless you go through odd truncation
calisthenics, but then why use a hash with a key size that's too short for
it?), so you have to go back and reprocess the hello to see if there's
something with SHA256 present to match that.  Then you go back and reprocess
the extensions to see whether that's OK.  In the end you may end up falling
back to a non-ECC suite, depending on your heuristics.  Of course no
implementation actually does this, they just fail the handshake unless they
see the exact parameters they want.

In practice it's even worse than that, you can use completely different curves
for the key exchange, to sign the key exchange, and for client auth, and for
hashes it's nearly as bad.  What are you supposed to do if an implementation
uses (say) P192 for the keyex signature but P521 for the keyex itself?  What
security level do you treat this as being?  You can use the unnncessary
flexibility to make a complete mess of things, and from the little testing
I've done almost anything you do that's slightly unusual results in a
handshake failure or dropped connection, and I don't even want to try and see
what happens when you start using the really odd capabilities, non-named
curves and point compression and other oddities.

So at the moment we already have a kind of de facto profile, mostly it seems
to be P256+SHA256 everywhere, with optional P384+SHA384 everywhere, and I
think I got away with P521 once or twice.  The single profile we have for ECC
use with TLS, the Suite B one, already does this, it's 256-throughout (ECC
keys and hashes) or 384-throughout (ECC keys and hashes).

Peter.

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On Apr 16, 2011, at 11:10 AM, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> Say you (i.e. the server) see, and select,
> TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384, as the best suite.  Then =
later in the
> exchange the client says, via an extension, that it wants to do P256, =
which

I'm sorry I probably wasn't clear enough in my message. I was trying to =
ask, when exactly will the client say that it wants to do P256? Are we =
talking about an exchange where the client doesn't send the =
elliptic_curves extension in its hello message? Because how I see the =
ECC handshake is pretty much like:

1. Client sends a ClientHello with elliptic_curves extension specifying =
its supported extensions
2. Server selects an ECC cipher suite and a curve that can be found in =
its supported curves list and client's supported curves list
3. Server sends its Certificate message which includes the curve OID of =
ECDSA public key (server might want to check that this can be found from =
elliptic_curves extension, but I'm still not quite sure that TLS should =
care about PKIX too much)
4. Server sends its ServerKeyExchange message which includes the curve =
it selected
5. Client uses the information from ServerKeyExchange and uses the same =
curve to send ClientKeyExchange

I tried to think of how this could be broken and could only think of the =
case where client doesn't send elliptic_curves extension. In that case =
it becomes really complicated, but doesn't seem so serious because it =
can be solved by simply sending the extension. And the specification =
could be MUCH more clear about all this, it took me quite a long time to =
find out how the ECC handshake should actually be done.

> In practice it's even worse than that, you can use completely =
different curves
> for the key exchange, to sign the key exchange, and for client auth, =
and for
> hashes it's nearly as bad.  What are you supposed to do if an =
implementation
> uses (say) P192 for the keyex signature but P521 for the keyex itself? =
 What
> security level do you treat this as being?  You can use the =
unnncessary

How is this different from using 1024-bit RSA keys for keyex signature =
but 2048-bit Diffie-Hellman keys for the keyex itself? It's a valid =
concern, but I don't see how it is ECC specific. And I like to keep PKIX =
and TLS separate, but some guidelines defining the security levels would =
be very useful.

> flexibility to make a complete mess of things, and from the little =
testing
> I've done almost anything you do that's slightly unusual results in a
> handshake failure or dropped connection, and I don't even want to try =
and see
> what happens when you start using the really odd capabilities, =
non-named
> curves and point compression and other oddities.

The non-named curves is a very strange feature, but I don't see it =
causing any harm. If someone needs to use it somewhere, it's nice that =
there's a defined and standard way to do it. I could imagine a need for =
something like that in proprietary implementations where the TLS =
implementations are only going to communicate with themselves and not =
any 3rd party software. The specification should be just made much more =
clear about what is actually used and what is there just because it =
might be useful some day. Now it doesn't make a clear difference, and as =
I already found out earlier a large part of the non-named curves is =
impossible to implement. (see RFC 4492 errata)

> So at the moment we already have a kind of de facto profile, mostly it =
seems
> to be P256+SHA256 everywhere, with optional P384+SHA384 everywhere, =
and I
> think I got away with P521 once or twice.  The single profile we have =
for ECC
> use with TLS, the Suite B one, already does this, it's 256-throughout =
(ECC
> keys and hashes) or 384-throughout (ECC keys and hashes).

I think I have seen 256+384+521 quite a lot, mostly because of the Suite =
B requiring 256 and 384. But I'm using TLS on some devices that simply =
don't have the processing capacity to do P-256 handshakes well. I tried =
to implement P-256 modular reduction, but first of all the key length is =
bigger and second the pseudo-Mersenne prime used in P-256 is 2^256 - =
2^224 + 2^192 + 2^96 - 1. This means modular reduction needs =
256/(256-224)=3D8 rounds and each rounds requires 4 addition operations. =
Compared with for example P-224 that uses prime 2^224 - 2^96 + 1 and =
requires just 2 rounds and 2 addition operations, the computational =
difference between the curves is much larger than the bit length would =
let one assume.

Sorry if I'm going too much into details here, but I'm simply trying to =
say that requiring support for P-256 might leave out a large number of =
devices with lower capabilities. But I think it would be fair to define =
that all implementations SHOULD implement at least P-256 and P-384, =
maybe also P-521 if it is considered useful. Now the specification is =
just giving a huge list of named curves with no idea about what curves =
are actually used, even though pretty much all of the implementations =
are just using two or three of them. That's not right.


Juho


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From: Joe Salowey <jsalowey@cisco.com>
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Subject: [TLS] Revised TLS Charter
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Below is updated charter text reflecting feedback on the list.   Please =
indicate if you support this text or if you have issues with the text. =20=


Thanks,

Joe

The TLS Working Group was established in 1996 to standardize a
'transport layer' security protocol. The working group began with SSL
version 3.0. The TLS Working Group has completed a series of
specifications that describe the Transport Layer Security protocol
versions 1.0, 1.1, and 1.2, extensions to the protocol, and new
ciphersuites to be used with TLS.

The primary goals of the WG are to maintain:
- The TLS protocol, RFC 5246;
- The DTLS protocol, RFC 4347bis.

Significant changes to the protocol, such as a new version 1.3, are not=20=

within scope of the working group unless they are explicitly added to=20
the charter.=20

The secondary goals of the WG are to publish:
- Recommendations for use of TLS;
- Extensions to TLS and DTLS; and,
- Cipher suites.

Milestones

Dec 2011  - Heartbeat Extension Sent to IESG=

From paul.hoffman@vpnc.org  Wed Apr 20 10:16:16 2011
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On Apr 20, 2011, at 9:53 AM, Joe Salowey wrote:

> - The DTLS protocol, RFC 4347bis.

s/RFC 4347bis/draft-ietf-tls-rfc4347-bis/. That is, there is a specific =
WG draft we are talking about (particularly when the authors clear the =
three-month-old DISCUSS).

--Paul Hoffman


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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: juhovh@iki.fi, pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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=?iso-8859-1?Q?Juho_V=E4h=E4-Herttua?= <juhovh@iki.fi> writes:

>I'm sorry I probably wasn't clear enough in my message. I was trying to ask,
>when exactly will the client say that it wants to do P256? Are we talking
>about an exchange where the client doesn't send the elliptic_curves extension
>in its hello message?

Yes.  It transforms the current ECC "suites", which aren't really suites at
all but more an indication of intent to navigate a Chinese menu with details
to be decided later, into true cipher suites.

>1. Client sends a ClientHello with elliptic_curves extension specifying its
>supported extensions

But the elliptic_curves extension isn't part of the ClientHello.  This is the
problem, the ClientHello contains a notification-of-intent and then later bits
and pieces contain the actual suite details.  If any of the later bits and
pieces don't as expected you have to go back to the ClientHello and try
another Chinese-menu option, then go back to the later extensions and see
if... and so on, although in practice everything I've seen so far just aborts
the handshake if they don't see exactly what they expect.

>But I'm using TLS on some devices that simply don't have the processing
>capacity to do P-256 handshakes well.

That's no problem, nothing in the ECC-suites proposal says you can't still use
ECC-Chinese-menu to negotiate whatever you want.  All ECC-suites does is
provide a few standardised true suites that everyone can agree on.

>Sorry if I'm going too much into details here, but I'm simply trying to say
>that requiring support for P-256 might leave out a large number of devices
>with lower capabilities.

Oh no, this doesn't mandate anything, it just provides a single, standard,
unambiguous way of indicating a few common ECC choices, leaving the full
Chinese-menu capability in place for people whose needs aren't met by the
fixed suites.

Peter.

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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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I've now posted a first draft for comment:

http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-gutmann-tls-eccsuites-00.txt

Peter.


From n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com  Tue Apr 26 10:12:58 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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On 04/24/2011 02:31 PM, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> I've now posted a first draft for comment:
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-gutmann-tls-eccsuites-00.txt

I have not implemented ECC ciphersuites, but the things
that striked me while reading it are:
* There is no mention of ECDHE_RSA or anon ciphersuites.
For me they are the most important as they optimize normal DH
using existing RSA certificates (in the _RSA case).

* A single ciphersuite negotiates the ECDHE parameters
AND the parameters of the ECDSA certificate. Could there
be cases where one can verify any ECDSA certificate, and
only his capabilities to ECDHE are restricted? In that
case it might be better to allow for any ECDSA certificate
rather than handling each different parameter
as different algorithm. (but I repeat I don't have an
overview of ECC in practice).

* It doesn't really need to be that aggressive with
the previous attempt. If this one is better/simpler it
will be used in practice and replace the old one. Maybe
some examples of failures of the current TLS-ECC-RFC
might be more convincing.

regards,
Nikos

From pgut001@login01.cs.auckland.ac.nz  Wed Apr 27 02:22:54 2011
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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> writes:

>* There is no mention of ECDHE_RSA or anon ciphersuites. For me they are the
>most important as they optimize normal DH using existing RSA certificates (in
>the _RSA case).

Nothing (AFAIK) implements these.  The point of the RFC (draft) is to
standardise what are already de facto cipher suite configurations.  If nothing
uses them then they're not really de facto standard configs :-).

>* It doesn't really need to be that aggressive with the previous attempt. If
>this one is better/simpler it will be used in practice and replace the old
>one.

This doesn't replace the existing one, it complements it.  This profiles a set
of de facto standard cipher suites (rather than RFC 4492's Chinese menus) that
are already in common (well, as common as TLS-ECC gets anyway, which is to say
"not very") use.  The point is to have them standardised before TLS-ECC does
get common and the existing interop problems get worse.

Peter.

From juhovh@iki.fi  Wed Apr 27 03:15:01 2011
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Cc: simon@josefsson.org, geoffk@geoffk.org, tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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24.4.2011 8:24, Peter Gutmann kirjoitti:
>> 1. Client sends a ClientHello with elliptic_curves extension specifying its
>> supported extensions
> But the elliptic_curves extension isn't part of the ClientHello.  This is the
> problem, the ClientHello contains a notification-of-intent and then later bits
> and pieces contain the actual suite details.  If any of the later bits and
> pieces don't as expected you have to go back to the ClientHello and try
> another Chinese-menu option, then go back to the later extensions and see
> if... and so on, although in practice everything I've seen so far just aborts
> the handshake if they don't see exactly what they expect.

I don't quite understand this part, I know it is not indicated as MUST 
in the current RFC, but the text quite clearly says:

    The extensions SHOULD be sent along with any ClientHello message that
    proposes ECC cipher suites.

...

    A client that proposes ECC cipher suites in its ClientHello message
    appends these extensions (along with any others), enumerating the
    curves it supports and the point formats it can parse.  Clients
    SHOULD send both the Supported Elliptic Curves Extension and the
    Supported Point Formats Extension.


So every client sending a ClientHello SHOULD append the Supported 
Elliptic Curves extension in ClientHello itself and therefore the 
selected curve should be clear immediately after receiving the complete 
ServerHello including ServerKeyExchange. I'm not saying the suggested 
draft is not a good idea, I think it looks pretty good, I'm just saying 
the situation doesn't seem quite as bad as suggested.

I think the reference to Microsoft's SChannel cipher suites was a very 
good one. I wasn't aware they have already chosen to take this approach 
and it's one more argument for defining it officially. However, I'm also 
wondering why ECDHE_RSA is dropped from the draft? Even Microsoft has 
included ECDHE_RSA cipher suites in their list and since almost all 
certificates in use are RSA certificates, it is quite likely that 
ECDHE_RSA cipher suites are the only cipher suites existing TLS servers 
can start to use immediately without applying for a new certificate. 
(one can argue that they could just use RSA key exchange, but that 
doesn't have forward secrecy like ECDHE does)

Also mandating the same curve in ECDSA signature as in ECDH keys could 
be debated, but I think it's quite well justified here. It's also worth 
to note that this draft doesn't require the whole certificate chain is 
signed with ECDSA and certain curve, so for example a certificate 
containing P-256 keys signed with something else would still be valid. I 
think this is good for flexibility, in case the server administrator is 
unable to obtain a ECDSA certificate signed with ECDSA. It's up to the 
client to find out if it's able to determine its validity then.


Juho


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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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26.4.2011 20:12, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos kirjoitti:
> * A single ciphersuite negotiates the ECDHE parameters
> AND the parameters of the ECDSA certificate. Could there
> be cases where one can verify any ECDSA certificate, and
> only his capabilities to ECDHE are restricted? In that
> case it might be better to allow for any ECDSA certificate
> rather than handling each different parameter
> as different algorithm. (but I repeat I don't have an
> overview of ECC in practice).

I could comment here, that both ECDSA signing and verification consist 
of ECC point multiplication and modulo operations. The ECDH operation on 
the other hand is a simple ECC point multiplication with no additional 
parameters. Therefore, if there is a case where one can verify an ECDSA 
certificate but his capabilities to ECDHE are restricted, the 
restrictions are completely artificial. Only thing coming to my mind 
would be some kind of proprietary or hardware based PKIX library 
supporting ECC but not offering an API to the low level ECC point 
multiplication. If someone knows about this kind of setup could us know 
now, but in my opinion it wouldn't make much sense...

Juho


From bsmith@mozilla.com  Wed Apr 27 18:59:31 2011
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Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2011 18:59:30 -0700 (PDT)
From: Brian Smith <bsmith@mozilla.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Revised TLS Charter
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Joe Salowey wrote:
> Below is updated charter text reflecting feedback on the list. Please
> indicate if you support this text or if you have issues with the text.

Are extensions that add/remove/reorder handshake records acceptable for TLS 1.2? If so, then I think the the proposed charter looks fine.

Thanks,
Brian

From n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com  Thu Apr 28 01:59:37 2011
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From: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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On Wed, Apr 27, 2011 at 11:22 AM, Peter Gutmann
<pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> wrote:

>>* It doesn't really need to be that aggressive with the previous attempt.=
 If
>>this one is better/simpler it will be used in practice and replace the ol=
d
>>one.
> This doesn't replace the existing one, it complements it. =C2=A0This prof=
iles a set
> of de facto standard cipher suites (rather than RFC 4492's Chinese menus)=
 that
> are already in common (well, as common as TLS-ECC gets anyway, which is t=
o say
> "not very") use. =C2=A0The point is to have them standardised before TLS-=
ECC does
> get common and the existing interop problems get worse.

Thinking about it, it would be very IPSec to have two ways to do the
same thing.
If this method is intended to replace the current ECC draft, it should
specify how
the extensions are used once this draft is supported. I'd suggest to make i=
t
mutual exclusive. If this draft is supported then the extensions are used t=
o
negotiate unnamed curves only or so.

regards,
Nikos

From juhovh@iki.fi  Thu Apr 28 04:02:32 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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28.4.2011 11:59, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos kirjoitti:
> Thinking about it, it would be very IPSec to have two ways to do the
> same thing.
> If this method is intended to replace the current ECC draft, it should
> specify how
> the extensions are used once this draft is supported. I'd suggest to make it
> mutual exclusive. If this draft is supported then the extensions are used to
> negotiate unnamed curves only or so.

Before suggesting making the extensions only to be used for unnamed 
curves, it should be mentioned that RFC 4492 defines total of 25 named 
curves, of which this draft redefines only the 2 most commonly used. 
Also there are a lot of existing implementations out there that already 
implement ECC and many browsers have ECC turned on by default, most of 
them implement the suites listed in the draft. Making the draft mutually 
exclusive with existing ECC methods would make the transition almost 
impossible, causing more compatibility problems than it is trying to solve.


Juho


From pgut001@login01.cs.auckland.ac.nz  Fri Apr 29 05:10:46 2011
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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
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=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Juho_V=E4h=E4-Herttua?= <juhovh@iki.fi> writes:

>So every client sending a ClientHello SHOULD append the Supported Elliptic
>Curves extension in ClientHello itself and therefore the selected curve
>should be clear immediately after receiving the complete ServerHello
>including ServerKeyExchange.

Hmm, I'll try and explain this again... consider how the parts of the Client
Hello are processed.  For standard suites the server iterates through a list
of suites and selects the most cromulent one.  In my case I just have a list
of suite IDs and parameters sorted in order of preference and select the
lowest-ranked suite I find, I assume most implementations do something more or
less similar.

For the Chinese-menu suites, the server finds a Chinese menu selector and then
has to skip the remaining suites and other parts of the hello and process the
extensions to see whether what's in there matches up with that the Chinese-
menu selector requested.  For example if the Chinese menu said
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 but the supported-curves says P256
then you have to either hope the other side does the special-case X9.62
handling for hash truncation and gets it right (and I've never been able to
find anything that does this to test mine against so who knows whether
anything does do it, and does get it right), or not take the gamble and go
back to the cipher suites and look for another Chinese-menu option, and then
skip the rest of the hello and process the extension again to see if things
work out now, and if that doesn't work either then go back ...

In practice, with the servers I tried, it was hard enough just trying to
figure out which basic combinations they supported (the usual response was a
dropped connection or aborted handshake, so I had to use trial-and-error
probing, and with some servers I never did figure out how to do more than one
or two basic combinations), and I never got to the point of being able to
interop test any of the more exotic combinations like e.g. hash truncation.

So the sole purpose of this RFC is to try and indentify the common
combinations of parameters that everyone seems to implement anyway and list
them as conventional cipher suites, with no further parameterisation required.
The intent is to try and document what everyone's doing already anyway.

Peter.

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> writes:

>Thinking about it, it would be very IPSec to have two ways to do the same
>thing. If this method is intended to replace the current ECC draft, it should
>specify how the extensions are used once this draft is supported. I'd suggest
>to make it mutual exclusive. If this draft is supported then the extensions
>are used to negotiate unnamed curves only or so.

Uhh, that's exactly what the current draft does, see the two paragraphs
beginning "If no additional Chinese-menu ECC suites...".

Peter.

From juhovh@iki.fi  Fri Apr 29 07:25:50 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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29.4.2011 15:10, Peter Gutmann kirjoitti:
> Hmm, I'll try and explain this again... consider how the parts of the Client
> Hello are processed.  For standard suites the server iterates through a list
> of suites and selects the most cromulent one.  In my case I just have a list
> of suite IDs and parameters sorted in order of preference and select the
> lowest-ranked suite I find, I assume most implementations do something more or
> less similar.

Thank you for taking the time to explain it a bit more thoroughly. And 
sorry for asking so many questions, but I want to understand the 
motivation behind this well and on the mailing list it will at least be 
documented for future references.

> For the Chinese-menu suites, the server finds a Chinese menu selector and then
> has to skip the remaining suites and other parts of the hello and process the
> extensions to see whether what's in there matches up with that the Chinese-
> menu selector requested.  For example if the Chinese menu said

Everything clear so far.

> TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 but the supported-curves says P256
> then you have to either hope the other side does the special-case X9.62
> handling for hash truncation and gets it right (and I've never been able to
> find anything that does this to test mine against so who knows whether
> anything does do it, and does get it right), or not take the gamble and go

Actually, I tried to look through RFC 4492 (ECC), RFC 5246 (TLS 1.2) and 
RFC 5289, but I didn't find a requirement of using SHA-384 for 
signatures for that cipher suite. So in this case the server could 
choose SHA-256 (in case it can be found from signature_algorithms 
extension) and use that for signature hashing, but use SHA-384 for the 
PRF and therefore perform no hash truncation. It would be silly to use 
two different hashes, but that is how I would probably solve it to 
maintain compatibility. I think it's a general problem with both TLS 1.2 
and ECC specifications, that they're both trying to be flexible and 
extensible up to the point that finding out the actual details becomes 
tedious work and it's more likely for many implementations to "get it 
wrong". I suppose that's exactly the thing you're trying to fix with the 
draft...

> back to the cipher suites and look for another Chinese-menu option, and then
> skip the rest of the hello and process the extension again to see if things
> work out now, and if that doesn't work either then go back ...

I think this what makes this worse is that existing TLS 1.0/1.1 
implementations haven't necessarily prepared well for such complicated 
cipher suite selection ECC and TLS 1.2 introduce and that makes the 
transition a bit difficult.

> In practice, with the servers I tried, it was hard enough just trying to
> figure out which basic combinations they supported (the usual response was a
> dropped connection or aborted handshake, so I had to use trial-and-error
> probing, and with some servers I never did figure out how to do more than one
> or two basic combinations), and I never got to the point of being able to
> interop test any of the more exotic combinations like e.g. hash truncation.

Dropping the connection or aborting the handshake is clearly wrong, but 
again as just noted, selecting a cipher suite used to be a simple thing 
and now it's suddenly quite hard. Abortion in that case is an 
understandable solution.

> So the sole purpose of this RFC is to try and indentify the common
> combinations of parameters that everyone seems to implement anyway and list
> them as conventional cipher suites, with no further parameterisation required.
> The intent is to try and document what everyone's doing already anyway.

Should it be added to the draft that for example implementations using 
mentioned SHA-256 cipher suites must also send signature_algorithms 
extension with corresponding hash and ECDSA pair? Right now it only 
points out the used hash functions, but TLS 1.2 specification quite 
clearly says that one should default to the {sha1,ecdsa} combination if 
no extension is sent. I think this draft doesn't make it clear enough if 
it overrides that requirement or not.

Also, the term "Chinese-menu" is a word I haven't seen in any existing 
TLS related RFC, even though it is very widely used in your draft and 
related discussion. I think it would make sense to at least define the 
meaning of the word a bit more clearly if it is going to be used, but it 
might be worth changing it to something completely different. I for one 
have lived in China for some years and have always managed to agree on 
the menu and the details, so I believe at least the Chinese people might 
find it puzzling. Not to mention someone might even consider it offending...


Juho


From dkg@fifthhorseman.net  Fri Apr 29 10:15:22 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] DSS with other than SHA-1 algorithms
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On 04/29/2011 10:24 AM, Juho V=C3=A4h=C3=A4-Herttua wrote:
> Also, the term "Chinese-menu" is a word I haven't seen in any existing
> TLS related RFC, even though it is very widely used in your draft and
> related discussion. I think it would make sense to at least define the
> meaning of the word a bit more clearly if it is going to be used, but i=
t
> might be worth changing it to something completely different. I for one=

> have lived in China for some years and have always managed to agree on
> the menu and the details, so I believe at least the Chinese people migh=
t
> find it puzzling. Not to mention someone might even consider it
> offending...

I agree that this should be clarified, and the term possibly replaced
with something more suitable.  I think the sense that Gutmann is going
for here is something like  "a la carte" (if we want to stay in the
culinary metaphor) or "combinatorial explosion of possible parameters"
(if we want to be dry and technical about it).

	--dkg


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