
From fweimer@bfk.de  Sat Oct  1 09:13:57 2011
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From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
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Date: Sat, 01 Oct 2011 16:16:49 +0000
In-Reply-To: <201109261642.p8QGgHet015841@fs4113.wdf.sap.corp> (Martin Rex's message of "Mon, 26 Sep 2011 18:42:17 +0200 (MEST)")
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Proposal for detecting fraudulent certificates
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* Martin Rex:

> Florian Weimer wrote:
>>=20
>> * Martin Rex:
>>=20
>> > Having the client send _only_ the servers certificate and not the
>> > entire certificate path should IMO be sufficient for the purpose you
>> > outline.
>>=20
>> I don't think it is.  The certificate itself is not proof of fraud if an
>> intermediate CA is involved.  More importantly, you cannot tell an
>> intercepting corporate proxy (whose certificate is not rooted in the
>> browser PKI) from a certificate which is.
>
> The Web Server certificate nails down the public&private key for the
> server.  If a MITM has access to the servers private key, then
> you've lost already, because that MITM can perform a perfect
> impersonation for the client (the only thing that the MITM could
> not do is a client-certificate authentication to the real server
> (unless the real server lacks rfc5746 renegotiation protection).

Let me rephrase.  I'm concerned that without the full chain, server
operators dealing with larger user bases will drown in reports of wrong
server certificates, some of them created by Fiddler, some of them by
HTTPS-aware AV-scanning web proxies.  I'm not sure if these cases are
interesting.  The full chain, on the other hand, provides a cryptographi
proof how the server certificate is rooted in the browser PKI.  If it is
properly rooted, but is not yours, you definitely have got a problem.

>> > I don't know why you think the 64 KByte TLS extension size limit would
>> > be a problem.
>>=20
>> The wire format allows for larger server chains (up to 16 MB).  This
>> could be abused to bypass detection (just use a certificate with a
>> logotype extension).  I just felt I had to say something about that.
>
> The client could decide to not talk to such TLS servers at all
> (while theoretically not "standards compliant", it is what a
>  non-marginal fraction of the installed base is doing...)

I considered that.  But I don't think we need any more of that.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99

From fweimer@bfk.de  Sat Oct  1 09:19:48 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Duong and Rizzo, the actual attack
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* Eric Rescorla:

> I'm also not Adam Langley, but here's my writeup:
> http://www.educatedguesswork.org/2011/09/security_impact_of_the_rizzodu.h=
tml

I think a semi-passive eavesdropper (which is present under this threat
model) can bypass the same-origin protection in practically all cases.
An attacker which can route requests through the browser and can
otherwise only observe traffic, but not inject it, seems a rather
unrealistic scenario to me.  If you can observe traffic, clairvoyant DNS
spoofing should be possible, and with that, SOP falls completely.  The
Oracle browser plugin for Java some folks seem to concentrate on is
probably not that relevant.

Anyway, is there are full writeup?  The copies of the paper I've seen
still has many blank sections.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99

From Nilesh.Tayade@netscout.com  Sun Oct  2 22:34:50 2011
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On Friday 30 September 2011 07:52 PM, Joshua Davies wrote:
> On the contrary - the entire SSL handshake is sent in the clear - this is
> why its important that both sides keep a running digest of the entire
> handshake sequence and compare notes at the end, after encryption keys have
> been exchanged (see RFC 2246, 7.4.9).  The first encrypted message in the
> handshake is the "finished" message.  If you're using Wireshark/Ethereal to
> sniff packets, it will decode the protocol details for you - if you're using
> a non-standard port (say, testing on 8443), you'll need to select
> analyze->decode as->SSL.

Thanks. Yes, the Wireshark decoded it after the traces were saved.

-- 
Thanks,
Nilesh

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Subject: [TLS] Proto write-up for draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat-03
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Below is the proto write-up for  draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat-03 which =
is ready for consideration by the IESG for publication as an RFC. =20

Cheers,

Joe

(1.a) Who is the Document Shepherd for this document? Has the
        Document Shepherd personally reviewed this version of the=20
        document and, in particular, does he or she believe this=20
        version is ready for forwarding to the IESG for publication?=20

I, Joe Salowey, TLS working group co-chair, am the Document Shepherd for =
this document.  I have personally reviewed this version of the document =
and I believe it to be ready for forwarding to the IESG for publication. =
=20

  (1.b) Has the document had adequate review both from key WG members=20
        and from key non-WG members? Does the Document Shepherd have=20
        any concerns about the depth or breadth of the reviews that=20
        have been performed? =20

The document has had adequate review from key WG and non-WG members.  =
The document Shepherd does not have concerns about the depth or breadth =
of the reviews.  The document has been reviewed by the transport =
directorate.=20

  (1.c) Does the Document Shepherd have concerns that the document=20
        needs more review from a particular or broader perspective,=20
        e.g., security, operational complexity, someone familiar with=20
        AAA, internationalization or XML?=20

No.

  (1.d) Does the Document Shepherd have any specific concerns or=20
        issues with this document that the Responsible Area Director
        and/or the IESG should be aware of? For example, perhaps he=20
        or she is uncomfortable with certain parts of the document, or=20=

        has concerns whether there really is a need for it. In any=20
        event, if the WG has discussed those issues and has indicated=20
        that it still wishes to advance the document, detail those=20
        concerns here. Has an IPR disclosure related to this document=20
        been filed? If so, please include a reference to the=20
        disclosure and summarize the WG discussion and conclusion on=20
        this issue.=20

No specific concerns with the document.  There has not been an IPR =
disclosure for the document.=20

  (1.e) How solid is the WG consensus behind this document? Does it=20
        represent the strong concurrence of a few individuals, with=20
        others being silent, or does the WG as a whole understand and=20
        agree with it?  =20

There is broad support within the working group for this document.=20

  (1.f) Has anyone threatened an appeal or otherwise indicated extreme=20=

        discontent? If so, please summarise the areas of conflict in=20
        separate email messages to the Responsible Area Director. (It=20
        should be in a separate email because this questionnaire is=20
        entered into the ID Tracker.)=20

No.

  (1.g) Has the Document Shepherd personally verified that the=20
        document satisfies all ID nits? (See the  Internet-Drafts =
Checklist  and=20
         http://tools.ietf.org/tools/idnits/). Boilerplate checks are=20
        not enough; this check needs to be thorough. Has the document=20
        met all formal review criteria it needs to, such as the MIB=20
        Doctor, media type and URI type reviews?=20

Yes.

  (1.h) Has the document split its references into normative and=20
        informative? Are there normative references to documents that=20
        are not ready for advancement or are otherwise in an unclear=20
        state? If such normative references exist, what is the=20
        strategy for their completion? Are there normative references=20
        that are downward references, as described in [RFC3967]? If=20
        so, list these downward references to support the Area=20
        Director in the Last Call procedure for them [RFC3967].=20

The document has appropriate references.=20

  (1.i) Has the Document Shepherd verified that the document IANA=20
        consideration section exists and is consistent with the body=20
        of the document? If the document specifies protocol=20
        extensions, are reservations requested in appropriate IANA=20
        registries? Are the IANA registries clearly identified? If=20
        the document creates a new registry, does it define the=20
        proposed initial contents of the registry and an allocation=20
        procedure for future registrations? Does it suggest a=20
        reasonable name for the new registry? See [RFC5226]. If the=20
        document describes an Expert Review process has Shepherd=20
        conferred with the Responsible Area Director so that the IESG=20
        can appoint the needed Expert during the IESG Evaluation?=20

The IANA considerations are complete.

  (1.j) Has the Document Shepherd verified that sections of the=20
        document that are written in a formal language, such as XML=20
        code, BNF rules, MIB definitions, etc., validate correctly in=20
        an automated checker?=20

Not applicable.

  (1.k) The IESG approval announcement includes a Document=20
        Announcement Write-Up. Please provide such a Document=20
        Announcement Write-Up? Recent examples can be found in the
        "Action" announcements for approved documents. The approval=20
        announcement contains the following sections:=20

     Technical Summary=20

The Heartbeat Extension provides a new protocol for TLS/DTLS allowing  =
the usage of keep-alive functionality without performing a renegotiation =
and a basis for path maximum transmission unit (PMTU) discovery for =
DTLS.

     Working Group Summary=20

The is broad working group support for this document. =20

     Document Quality=20

The document has been reviewed by the transport area directorate and =
feedback from that review was incorporated into the document.  Several =
implementations are planned to enhance the support for DTLS to protect =
management and other UDP protocols.=20



From Nilesh.Tayade@netscout.com  Tue Oct  4 04:35:42 2011
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Date: Tue, 04 Oct 2011 17:08:37 +0530
From: nilesh <nilesh.tayade@netscout.com>
Organization: NetScout
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Subject: [TLS] About the key block generation for different ciphers.
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Hi,

In case of SSL/TLS we generate the master_secret and then the key_block.
The size of the key block depends upon the cipher suit that is negotiated.

Do we have any reference where I can understand the fields in key_block?

E.g. I could identify that
For AES_256_CBC_SHA we need - 2 * 32 bytes of keys and 2 * 20 bytes of MAC.
For 3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA we need - 2 * 24bytes of keys, 2 * 20bytes of MAC 
and 2 * 8bytes of IV.

So based on the above information I can generate 104bytes of key_block 
for these ciphers and extract the required keys.
So for AES_256_CBC_SHA-
key_block[0..19] - MAC for client, key_block[20..39] - MAC for server.
key_block[40..71] - client write key and key_block[72..104] - server 
write key.

Could someone please advice any reference on how to get the key_block 
details for a give cipher suit?


-- 
Thanks,
Nilesh

From marsh@extendedsubset.com  Tue Oct  4 08:04:23 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] About the key block generation for different ciphers.
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On 10/04/2011 06:38 AM, nilesh wrote:
>
> Could someone please advice any reference on how to get the key_block
> details for a give cipher suit?

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2246 TLS 1.0:
> 6.3. Key calculation
...
> Then the key_block is
>    partitioned as follows:
>
>        client_write_MAC_secret[SecurityParameters.hash_size]
>        server_write_MAC_secret[SecurityParameters.hash_size]
>        client_write_key[SecurityParameters.key_material_length]
>        server_write_key[SecurityParameters.key_material_length]
>        client_write_IV[SecurityParameters.IV_size]
>        server_write_IV[SecurityParameters.IV_size]
>
>    The client_write_IV and server_write_IV are only generated for non-
>    export block ciphers. For exportable block ciphers, the
>    initialization vectors are generated later, as described below. Any
>    extra key_block material is discarded.

- Marsh

From iesg-secretary@ietf.org  Tue Oct  4 17:48:43 2011
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Subject: [TLS] Last Call: <draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat-03.txt> (Transport Layer	Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)	Heartbeat Extension) to Proposed Standard
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The IESG has received a request from the Transport Layer Security WG
(tls) to consider the following document:
- 'Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
   (DTLS) Heartbeat Extension'
  <draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat-03.txt> as a Proposed Standard

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2011-10-18. Exceptionally, comments may be
sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.

Abstract


   This document describes the Heartbeat Extension for the Transport
   Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)
   protocol.

   The Heartbeat Extension provides a new protocol for TLS/DTLS allowing
   the usage of keep-alive functionality without performing a
   renegotiation and a basis for path maximum transmission unit (PMTU)
   discovery for DTLS.




The file can be obtained via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat/

IESG discussion can be tracked via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat/


No IPR declarations have been submitted directly on this I-D.



From dharkins@lounge.org  Tue Oct  4 23:09:09 2011
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Subject: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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  Hi,

  I just uploaded a -00 draft that defines a new key exchange
for TLS that does not require certificates-- authentication using
a simple password only. It can be found at:

         http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00

  Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.

  regards,

  Dan.




From Nilesh.Tayade@netscout.com  Tue Oct  4 23:12:22 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] About the key block generation for different ciphers.
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------050203090707000300020107
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

On Tuesday 04 October 2011 08:37 PM, Marsh Ray wrote:
> On 10/04/2011 06:38 AM, nilesh wrote:
>>
>> Could someone please advice any reference on how to get the key_block
>> details for a give cipher suit?
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2246 TLS 1.0:
>> 6.3. Key calculation
> ...
>> Then the key_block is
>> partitioned as follows:
>>
>> client_write_MAC_secret[SecurityParameters.hash_size]
>> server_write_MAC_secret[SecurityParameters.hash_size]
>> client_write_key[SecurityParameters.key_material_length]
>> server_write_key[SecurityParameters.key_material_length]
>> client_write_IV[SecurityParameters.IV_size]
>> server_write_IV[SecurityParameters.IV_size]
>>
>> The client_write_IV and server_write_IV are only generated for non-
>> export block ciphers. For exportable block ciphers, the
>> initialization vectors are generated later, as described below. Any
>> extra key_block material is discarded.

Thanks. I had gone through that, but couldn't really get reference to 
the cipher suites with the key length.
Attached is the file what I was exactly looking for.

Thanks to Joshua Davies for the compilation.

>
> - Marsh

-- 
Thanks,
Nilesh

--------------050203090707000300020107
Content-Type: text/plain;
 name="cipher_suites_list.txt"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename="cipher_suites_list.txt"

[Cipher suit, digest size, key length, IV size]
TLS_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL, 0, 0, 0
TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5, 0, 5, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, 0, 16, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, 0, 16, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, 8, 8, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, 8, 24, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, 8, 24, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, 8, 8, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_DES_CBC_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_WITH_IDEA_CBC_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_DES_CBC_40_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_SHA, 0, 0, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_DES_CBC_40_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5, 0, 0, 4 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, 16, 16, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, 16, 16, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, 16, 16, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, 16, 16, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, 16, 16, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, 16, 16, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, 16, 32, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, 16, 32, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, 16, 32, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, 16, 32, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, 16, 32, 5 * sizeof(int)
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, 16, 32, 5 * sizeof(int)

--------------050203090707000300020107--

From turners@ieca.com  Wed Oct  5 06:31:00 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Last Call: <draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat-03.txt> (Transport Layer	Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)	Heartbeat Extension) to Proposed Standard
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I've also placed this draft on the 11/03 IESG telechat.

spt

On 10/4/11 8:48 PM, The IESG wrote:
>
> The IESG has received a request from the Transport Layer Security WG
> (tls) to consider the following document:
> - 'Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
>     (DTLS) Heartbeat Extension'
>    <draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat-03.txt>  as a Proposed Standard
>
> The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
> final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
> ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2011-10-18. Exceptionally, comments may be
> sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
> beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.
>
> Abstract
>
>
>     This document describes the Heartbeat Extension for the Transport
>     Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)
>     protocol.
>
>     The Heartbeat Extension provides a new protocol for TLS/DTLS allowing
>     the usage of keep-alive functionality without performing a
>     renegotiation and a basis for path maximum transmission unit (PMTU)
>     discovery for DTLS.
>
>
>
>
> The file can be obtained via
> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat/
>
> IESG discussion can be tracked via
> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-dtls-heartbeat/
>
>
> No IPR declarations have been submitted directly on this I-D.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>

From marsh@extendedsubset.com  Wed Oct  5 07:00:02 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] About the key block generation for different ciphers.
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On 10/05/2011 01:15 AM, nilesh wrote:
>
> Thanks. I had gone through that, but couldn't really get reference to
> the cipher suites with the key length.
> Attached is the file what I was exactly looking for.
>
> Thanks to Joshua Davies for the compilation.

> [Cipher suit, digest size, key length, IV size]
> TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, 16, 32, 5 * sizeof(int)

No way that could be right.

But you have a software problem at this point, which is not so relevant 
for the TLS WG. (Ping me off-list if you need a hint :-)

- Marsh

From geoffk@geoffk.org  Wed Oct  5 14:06:16 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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"Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:

>          http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
> 
>   Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.

It would be helpful to have a comparison between this proposal and
RFC5054, since both protocols appear to have the same aim ("secure
authentication using only a simple, low-entropy, password").


Some features of RFC5054 I noticed that could be used to improve this
draft are:

- RFC5054 requires that the server store only the 'verifier', while
  this protocol appears to require storing the plaintext password.
  There doesn't seem to be any discussion on the risks of storing the
  plaintext password or any mitigations (for example, using a salted
  hash of the password instead of the password directly).

- RFC5054 already specifies an extension for the user name.  I would
  suggest using the same extension for this protocol rather than
  creating a new one.

- RFC5054 has test vectors, this draft doesn't.

From dharkins@lounge.org  Wed Oct  5 16:03:56 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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  Hello,

On Wed, October 5, 2011 2:09 pm, Geoffrey Keating wrote:
> "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:
>
>>          http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
>>
>>   Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.
>
> It would be helpful to have a comparison between this proposal and
> RFC5054, since both protocols appear to have the same aim ("secure
> authentication using only a simple, low-entropy, password").

  TLS is rife with drafts and RFCs that have the same aim but go about
it differently.

> Some features of RFC5054 I noticed that could be used to improve this
> draft are:
>
> - RFC5054 requires that the server store only the 'verifier', while
>   this protocol appears to require storing the plaintext password.
>   There doesn't seem to be any discussion on the risks of storing the
>   plaintext password or any mitigations (for example, using a salted
>   hash of the password instead of the password directly).

  Yes, I got another comment to add something to the security
considerations regarding compromise of the client and server. This
draft does not propose any protection against server compromise
the way RFC 5054 does. On the other hand, with this scheme one is not
required to fix a particular domain parameter set to a user at password
provisioning time. This allows for the choice of domain parameter set
to be based on the particular ciphersuite the server is proposing
to use (and removes a security critical decision from someone-- the
person provisioning the password on the server-- who might not have
the competence to make that decision).

  We could add some protection against server compromise by salting the
password when it is provisioned and sending the salt in the
ServerKeyExchange. The drawback to this is that the salting technique
has to be determined at provisioning time, but that's probably not that
big of a deal as the technique has no bearing on the security of the
underlying key exchange.

  Thanks for the suggestion!

> - RFC5054 already specifies an extension for the user name.  I would
>   suggest using the same extension for this protocol rather than
>   creating a new one.

  It's named "srp" though which makes it less desirable. We'll note your
suggestion but unless there is strong desire by the WG to change this
we'd like to keep it as is. There's 65k extensions available so exhaustion
of this resource is unlikely.

> - RFC5054 has test vectors, this draft doesn't.

  Another good suggestion. We'll add some.

  thanks,

  Dan.




From jmdesp@free.fr  Wed Oct  5 17:36:10 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On 06/10/2011 01:07, Dan Harkins wrote:
> TLS is rife with drafts and RFCs that have the same aim but go about 
> it differently
Even if there might indeed be quite a few like that in the TLS case, 
it's still against IETF policy.

There should be at least some specific advantage to your approach over 
the other one (or enough existing usage to justify documenting it 
through an experimental RFC), which is far from being proved for now.

SRP has the advantage over the other PAKE to be covered by a defensive 
patent with a royalty free license, which makes it safer to use.

If needed, it's also actually very easy to use SRP in symmetric mode, 
regenerating the verifier from the password on the fly.
Nothing in RFC5054 says how the client sends the verifier to the server 
initially. If you really want to send the password instead, you just can.


From pgut001@login01.cs.auckland.ac.nz  Wed Oct  5 17:37:29 2011
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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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"Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:

>I just uploaded a -00 draft that defines a new key exchange for TLS that does
>not require certificates-- authentication using a simple password only. It can
>be found at:
>
>         http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
>
>Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.

Oooh, oooh, I have one!  It's:

  "What does this give us that TLS-PSK and TLS-SRP don't already do?".

Peter.


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On Wed, October 5, 2011 5:40 pm, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:
>
>>I just uploaded a -00 draft that defines a new key exchange for TLS that
>> does
>>not require certificates-- authentication using a simple password only.
>> It can
>>be found at:
>>
>>         http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
>>
>>Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.
>
> Oooh, oooh, I have one!  It's:
>
>   "What does this give us that TLS-PSK and TLS-SRP don't already do?".

  TLS-PSK: resistance to dictionary attack
  TLS-SRP: elliptic curve support, divorcing domain parameter set from
     the password

 I'm curious why you are not asking the authors of the SEED, Camellia,
and Clefia drafts what those drafts give us that the AES ciphersuites
don't already do.

  Dan.




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"Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:

>  TLS-PSK: resistance to dictionary attack
>  TLS-SRP: elliptic curve support, divorcing domain parameter set from
>     the password

So it's a proposal that adds a few obscure geeky features to two existing
mechanisms that vendors have already decided not to adopt (wrongly, in my
opinion, but that doesn't change the lack of adoption).  Why would they
suddenly rush to support this one if they've ignored the other two (and a
string of earlier drafts along the same lines)?

(As a more general comment, this draft should be, if anything, an Experimental
and not a Standards-Track, given its context).

>I'm curious why you are not asking the authors of the SEED, Camellia, and
>Clefia drafts what those drafts give us that the AES ciphersuites don't
>already do.

Those three are fashion-statement RFCs whose reasons for existence have little
(if anything) to do with security.  Does that mean this draft is also a
fashion statement?

Peter.

From dharkins@lounge.org  Wed Oct  5 18:49:43 2011
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From: "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org>
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On Wed, October 5, 2011 5:39 pm, Jean-Marc Desperrier wrote:
> On 06/10/2011 01:07, Dan Harkins wrote:
>> TLS is rife with drafts and RFCs that have the same aim but go about
>> it differently
> Even if there might indeed be quite a few like that in the TLS case,
> it's still against IETF policy.

  I asked Peter and I'll ask you: why have you not brought up this
with Camellia, SEED, and Clefia?

  And I'd be really interested in seeing the IETF policy statement
that mandates one and only one way of doing one particular thing.

> There should be at least some specific advantage to your approach over
> the other one (or enough existing usage to justify documenting it
> through an experimental RFC), which is far from being proved for now.

  I don't think such language is appropriate for an I-D. But in an
email exchange I'll tell you that this scheme allows the cryptographic
strength of the domain parameter set to be matched with ciphersuites of
commensurate strength. This also allows for the use of elliptic curves.
It doesn't hard-code a particular hash algorithm (that the IETF is
planning on moving away from) so it's more "crypto agile".

> SRP has the advantage over the other PAKE to be covered by a defensive
> patent with a royalty free license, which makes it safer to use.

  This key exchange is not patented.

> If needed, it's also actually very easy to use SRP in symmetric mode,
> regenerating the verifier from the password on the fly.
> Nothing in RFC5054 says how the client sends the verifier to the server
> initially. If you really want to send the password instead, you just can.

  You can change the way RFC 5054 works but then it's not SRP anymore and
then people will start telling you that it's "against IETF policy".

  Furthermore, the client doesn't send the verifier to the server in SRP
so I'm not really sure what you're talking about.

  Dan.




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On Wed, October 5, 2011 6:49 pm, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:
>
>>  TLS-PSK: resistance to dictionary attack
>>  TLS-SRP: elliptic curve support, divorcing domain parameter set from
>>     the password
>
> So it's a proposal that adds a few obscure geeky features to two existing
> mechanisms that vendors have already decided not to adopt (wrongly, in my
> opinion, but that doesn't change the lack of adoption).  Why would they
> suddenly rush to support this one if they've ignored the other two (and a
> string of earlier drafts along the same lines)?

  This came out of some discussions around security for "smart energy"
applications whose specifications do much hand waving and assume that
certificates magically appear on the most unlikely of places and are
all used properly. They also make it highly problematic for any
off-the-shelf device that is supposed to be integrated into a network
of other "smart energy" devices from working properly. They assume an
unrealistic level of security clue on the people installing and
provisioning the device. Having Joe Random enter a simple password on
the UI of his thermostat, for instance, is much more believable.

  Also, this is the same key exchange used by 802.11 mesh networks to
secure traffic going across the mesh, as well as traffic to create and
maintain the mesh (e.g. routing). Using the same key exchange to secure a
management interface (i.e. a TLS-protected connection to the GUI or a
UI) of a mesh networking device would be useful-- conservation of crypto
algorithms, it's straightforward to set a consistent security level
across interfaces, etc.

  As a general purpose ciphersuite, no I don't imagine it will get
much more widespread use than SRP though. But I don't think that's
necessarily a reason to oppose it.

> (As a more general comment, this draft should be, if anything, an
> Experimental
> and not a Standards-Track, given its context).

  I highly doubt that this hopeful stab at a track would be supported
by the ADs. But I can hope.

>>I'm curious why you are not asking the authors of the SEED, Camellia, and
>>Clefia drafts what those drafts give us that the AES ciphersuites don't
>>already do.
>
> Those three are fashion-statement RFCs whose reasons for existence have
> little
> (if anything) to do with security.  Does that mean this draft is also a
> fashion statement?

  No, it's not a fashion statement. I just don't like following a whole
bunch of other people only to have the door slammed in my face. It
does not jibe with my notion of fairness.

  Dan.



From marsh@extendedsubset.com  Wed Oct  5 22:44:20 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On 10/05/2011 08:49 PM, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> "Dan Harkins"<dharkins@lounge.org>  writes:
>
>>   TLS-PSK: resistance to dictionary attack
>>   TLS-SRP: elliptic curve support, divorcing domain parameter set from
>>      the password
>
> So it's a proposal that adds a few obscure geeky features to two existing
> mechanisms

Almost everything in crypto-land starts out obscure and geeky to even 
your average geek.

> that vendors have already decided not to adopt (wrongly, in my
> opinion, but that doesn't change the lack of adoption).  Why would they
> suddenly rush to support this one if they've ignored the other two (and a
> string of earlier drafts along the same lines)?

That's not a particularly strong argument against this one though.

You never know when vendors will have to change their minds, often in a 
hurry. When they do, it's better if there's something in place ahead of 
time IMHO.

> (As a more general comment, this draft should be, if anything, an Experimental
> and not a Standards-Track, given its context).
>
>> I'm curious why you are not asking the authors of the SEED, Camellia, and
>> Clefia drafts what those drafts give us that the AES ciphersuites don't
>> already do.

I think a lot of people have been asking that. Probably more would ask 
it out loud on the list if they didn't feel it would be unnecessarily 
redundant and confrontational.

> Those three are fashion-statement RFCs whose reasons for existence have little
> (if anything) to do with security.

They're also less new protocol and more of a code point assignment for 
an existing spec. Perhaps in some cases there will even be a little 
interoperating usage to justify it.

The above notwithstanding, I have to say my initial reaction is also a 
bit skeptical of the utility of this thing.

- Marsh

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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2011 08:47:31 +0200
Thread-Topic: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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Cc: "dhalasz@intwineenergy.com" <dhalasz@intwineenergy.com>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On Oct 6, 2011, at 4:17 AM, Dan Harkins wrote:

>=20
> On Wed, October 5, 2011 6:49 pm, Peter Gutmann wrote:
>> "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:
>>=20
>>> TLS-PSK: resistance to dictionary attack
>>> TLS-SRP: elliptic curve support, divorcing domain parameter set from
>>>    the password
>>=20
>> So it's a proposal that adds a few obscure geeky features to two existin=
g
>> mechanisms that vendors have already decided not to adopt (wrongly, in m=
y
>> opinion, but that doesn't change the lack of adoption).  Why would they
>> suddenly rush to support this one if they've ignored the other two (and =
a
>> string of earlier drafts along the same lines)?
>=20
>  This came out of some discussions around security for "smart energy"
> applications whose specifications do much hand waving and assume that
> certificates magically appear on the most unlikely of places and are
> all used properly. They also make it highly problematic for any
> off-the-shelf device that is supposed to be integrated into a network
> of other "smart energy" devices from working properly. They assume an
> unrealistic level of security clue on the people installing and
> provisioning the device. Having Joe Random enter a simple password on
> the UI of his thermostat, for instance, is much more believable.

Joe Random will throw out a thermostat that regularly requires entering a p=
assword. The use case is more likely entering the password once at installa=
tion, and then that password is one chosen by the utility. For the last 17 =
years, Microsoft has trained us all to enter 30-digit numbers. Once. In tha=
t use case the passwords can be (relatively) high entropy, and then TLS-PSK=
 is acceptable. I am far more interested in using a password method for TLS=
 for authenticating to web sites.

>>> I'm curious why you are not asking the authors of the SEED, Camellia, a=
nd
>>> Clefia drafts what those drafts give us that the AES ciphersuites don't
>>> already do.

Oh, they get a lot of grief every time they come up with "XXXX and its use =
in IPSec/TLS/SSH". They always get that question, and they say something ab=
out it being a standard of some national government. Sometimes the document=
s end up as proposed standards (SEED, Camelia), and other times they end up=
 as Informational (GOST).

Protocol changes get a lot more scrutiny than algorithms, probably because =
many more of us think we are qualified to have informed opinions about prot=
ocols than about algorithms. And protocol changes are far less likely to be=
 published.=20

>>=20
>> Those three are fashion-statement RFCs whose reasons for existence have
>> little
>> (if anything) to do with security.  Does that mean this draft is also a
>> fashion statement?
>=20
>  No, it's not a fashion statement. I just don't like following a whole
> bunch of other people only to have the door slammed in my face. It
> does not jibe with my notion of fairness.

Peter and I have been trying to push draft-nir-tls-eap for over 4 years now=
, and the TLS WG is not biting. You are following a bunch of people who hav=
e already had the door slammed in their faces.

Yoav


From marsh@extendedsubset.com  Wed Oct  5 23:55:24 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On 10/05/2011 01:12 AM, Dan Harkins wrote:
>
>    Hi,
>
>    I just uploaded a -00 draft that defines a new key exchange
> for TLS that does not require certificates-- authentication using
> a simple password only. It can be found at:
>
>           http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
>
>    Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00 :
> 4.  Specification of the TLS-PWD Handshake
>
>    The authenticated key exchange is accomplished by each side deriving
>    a password-based element, PE, in the chosen group, making a
>    "committment" to a single guess of the password using PE, and
>    generating the Premaster Secret.  The ability of each side to produce
>    a valid finished message authenticates itself to the other side.

Here are my comments. Some of them probably apply to other TLS 
password-only schemes too.

Comment 1:

Are you familiar with the studies showing that the great majority of 
users re-use passwords across sites and a large percentage have same 
password everywhere?

http://www.pcworld.com/article/188763/too_many_people_reuse_logins_study_finds.html
http://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2009/03/10/password-website/

This one finds that the average password is used at 6 different sites:
http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/?id=74164

I don't see anything in this protocol that allows the client endpoint to 
actually authenticate the server. Can the client know if he's 
authenticating with the legitimate server?

If not, perhaps it's OK as long as either the handshake fails or the bad 
guy is reduced to the role of a dumb router between the legit client and 
server.


Comment 2:

But the server DNS name and port do not appear to be bound into the 
authentication. Couldn't the bad guy take a connection destined for one 
web site/service and feed it to another?

Comment 3:

The standard of practice for actual "secure" web sites (e.g. PCI 
compliance if you want to handle credit cards) forbids storing plaintext 
passwords on the server side. Any web app developer who was not using at 
least salted hashes today would be ridiculed as incompetent (e.g., 
Sony). The industry seems to be recognizing the importance of imposing a 
work factor (PBKDF2, bcrypt, scrypt) to resist dictionary attacks when 
the authentication database gets compromised, say, by a typical SQL 
injection.

Is there any way to impose a work factor onto the attacker's guesses?

Who do you envision will deploy a protocol that requires the storage of 
plaintext passwords?

Conceivably there could be special-purpose systems that could generate 
handle these passwords securely, but couldn't they just as easily manage 
a private cert infrastructure?

Comment 4:

The hunting and pecking loops for both the ECC and FFC password elements 
look like a timing oracle to me. They seem to require a large 
exponentiation or sqrt on every iteration and the number of iterations 
is data-dependent. If I'm not mistaken, every input to the loop except 
the password itself is transmitted in cleartext during the handshake.

Couldn't an attacker observe the timings of a sufficient number of 
failed handshakes to enable an offline brute force attack on the 
low-entropy password?

- Marsh

From dharkins@lounge.org  Thu Oct  6 09:35:48 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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  Hello,

On Wed, October 5, 2011 11:58 pm, Marsh Ray wrote:
> On 10/05/2011 01:12 AM, Dan Harkins wrote:
>>
>>    Hi,
>>
>>    I just uploaded a -00 draft that defines a new key exchange
>> for TLS that does not require certificates-- authentication using
>> a simple password only. It can be found at:
>>
>>           http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
>>
>>    Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00 :
>> 4.  Specification of the TLS-PWD Handshake
>>
>>    The authenticated key exchange is accomplished by each side deriving
>>    a password-based element, PE, in the chosen group, making a
>>    "committment" to a single guess of the password using PE, and
>>    generating the Premaster Secret.  The ability of each side to produce
>>    a valid finished message authenticates itself to the other side.
>
> Here are my comments. Some of them probably apply to other TLS
> password-only schemes too.
>
> Comment 1:
>
> Are you familiar with the studies showing that the great majority of
> users re-use passwords across sites and a large percentage have same
> password everywhere?
>
> http://www.pcworld.com/article/188763/too_many_people_reuse_logins_study_finds.html
> http://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2009/03/10/password-website/
>
> This one finds that the average password is used at 6 different sites:
> http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/?id=74164
>
> I don't see anything in this protocol that allows the client endpoint to
> actually authenticate the server. Can the client know if he's
> authenticating with the legitimate server?
>
> If not, perhaps it's OK as long as either the handshake fails or the bad
> guy is reduced to the role of a dumb router between the legit client and
> server.

  The client definitely authenticates the server. They both perform the
same calculations to arrive at the same premaster secret. If either side
has the wrong password, the secret group element will be different and
they'll be doing their calculations with a different generator and
that won't work.

> Comment 2:
>
> But the server DNS name and port do not appear to be bound into the
> authentication. Couldn't the bad guy take a connection destined for one
> web site/service and feed it to another?

  Only if that other website had provisioned the same username/password.

> Comment 3:
>
> The standard of practice for actual "secure" web sites (e.g. PCI
> compliance if you want to handle credit cards) forbids storing plaintext
> passwords on the server side. Any web app developer who was not using at
> least salted hashes today would be ridiculed as incompetent (e.g.,
> Sony). The industry seems to be recognizing the importance of imposing a
> work factor (PBKDF2, bcrypt, scrypt) to resist dictionary attacks when
> the authentication database gets compromised, say, by a typical SQL
> injection.
>
> Is there any way to impose a work factor onto the attacker's guesses?

  As I mentioned in a previous email it's possible to salt the password
at provisioning time and have the server send the salt to the client in
the ServerKeyExchange. I will do that in -01.

> Who do you envision will deploy a protocol that requires the storage of
> plaintext passwords?

  That sounds like a general, non-TLS-specific, question so I'll answer
it generally: when either side can initiate to the other, or in a true
peer-to-peer situation where both sides could theoretically initiate
simultaneously. But that's not the case for TLS where there are strict
client and server roles. And, as I mentioned, I'll add some salt to the
stored password.

> Conceivably there could be special-purpose systems that could generate
> handle these passwords securely, but couldn't they just as easily manage
> a private cert infrastructure?
>
> Comment 4:
>
> The hunting and pecking loops for both the ECC and FFC password elements
> look like a timing oracle to me. They seem to require a large
> exponentiation or sqrt on every iteration and the number of iterations
> is data-dependent. If I'm not mistaken, every input to the loop except
> the password itself is transmitted in cleartext during the handshake.
>
> Couldn't an attacker observe the timings of a sufficient number of
> failed handshakes to enable an offline brute force attack on the
> low-entropy password?

  This is a very good point. I think the attacker would have to observe
successful handshakes though. It's the number of times through the loop
until the PE is determined that the attacker wants to know and a failed
guess will not provide any useful information.

  And I don't think this attack enables an offline dictionary attack.
I think that it will allow the attacker to exclude large chunks of the
password pool with each observed successful exchange until what's left
is manageable (or until there's just 1 entry left in the pool).

  But I'm not sure how concerned I am about this. After finding PE
there will be a modular exponentiation or point multiply using this
random element as the generator. That's a random generator and a random
scalar and the timing variablities on that will make it hard to isolate
the timing dependencies of the hunting-and-pecking loop. Especially
since it's a random PE used for each run of the protocol. Combine that
with the system knowledge and control required to glean timing information
out of an observed run of the protocol and I'm not sure how practical
this would be.

  Thanks for your comments. Regards,

  Dan.



From marsh@extendedsubset.com  Thu Oct  6 10:56:46 2011
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On 10/06/2011 11:38 AM, Dan Harkins wrote:
>
>    The client definitely authenticates the server. They both perform the
> same calculations to arrive at the same premaster secret. If either side
> has the wrong password, the secret group element will be different and
> they'll be doing their calculations with a different generator and
> that won't work.

But that's not exactly the same as the client authenticating the server. 
That's the client authenticating that "the server endpoint knows the 
password for the username I supplied", the server name and port are not 
bound into the authentication anywhere. There's an implied assumption 
that only the intended server would know the password, but this 
assumption is not reliable in practice. IMHO this does not constitute 
strong authentication of the server to the client.

>> Comment 2:
>>
>> But the server DNS name and port do not appear to be bound into the
>> authentication. Couldn't the bad guy take a connection destined for one
>> web site/service and feed it to another?
>
>    Only if that other website had provisioned the same username/password.

This is a common case and the security properties differ dramatically in 
this regard from most existing uses of TLS. So it probably should be 
discussed in the security considerations section.

>> Is there any way to impose a work factor onto the attacker's guesses?
>
>    As I mentioned in a previous email it's possible to salt the password
> at provisioning time and have the server send the salt to the client in
> the ServerKeyExchange. I will do that in -01.

I think people will be looking for bcrypt, scrypt, or PBKDF2 with some 
SHA > 1. They will want to choose the work factor.

>> Who do you envision will deploy a protocol that requires the storage of
>> plaintext passwords?
>
>    That sounds like a general, non-TLS-specific, question so I'll answer
> it generally: when either side can initiate to the other, or in a true
> peer-to-peer situation where both sides could theoretically initiate
> simultaneously. But that's not the case for TLS where there are strict
> client and server roles.

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2246
>    client
>        The application entity that initiates a TLS connection to a
>        server. This may or may not imply that the client initiated the
>        underlying transport connection. The primary operational
>        difference between the server and client is that the server is
>        generally authenticated, while the client is only optionally
>        authenticated.

Those roles are not actually so strict, and this proposal seems to sort 
of reverse the primary direction of authentication compared to existing 
uses of TLS.

Could be useful, but deserves to be stated explicitly.

>> Couldn't an attacker observe the timings of a sufficient number of
>> failed handshakes to enable an offline brute force attack on the
>> low-entropy password?
>
>    This is a very good point. I think the attacker would have to observe
> successful handshakes though. It's the number of times through the loop
> until the PE is determined that the attacker wants to know and a failed
> guess will not provide any useful information.

Won't at least one of the attacked endpoints still be working from the 
correct password? Won't his timing be enough?

>    And I don't think this attack enables an offline dictionary attack.
> I think that it will allow the attacker to exclude large chunks of the
> password pool with each observed successful exchange until what's left
> is manageable (or until there's just 1 entry left in the pool).

That probably would be more sophisticated, but he could probably also 
just run through the 10000 most common passwords and see which ones fit 
the observed timings.

A busy server is going to have orders of magnitude more TLS handshakes 
than users over any reasonable period of time.

>    But I'm not sure how concerned I am about this. After finding PE
> there will be a modular exponentiation or point multiply using this
> random element as the generator. That's a random generator and a random
> scalar and the timing variablities on that will make it hard to isolate
> the timing dependencies of the hunting-and-pecking loop. Especially
> since it's a random PE used for each run of the protocol.

But if it's perfectly random (or at least doesn't correlate to the 
number of iterations) then all that averages out quite nicely. It's 
simply a question of how many samples are needed.

> Combine that
> with the system knowledge and control required to glean timing information
> out of an observed run of the protocol and I'm not sure how practical
> this would be.

Famous last words.

- Marsh

From mrex@sap.com  Thu Oct  6 12:03:45 2011
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Dan Harkins wrote:
> 
> Marsh Ray wrote:
> >
> > Comment 4:
> >
> > The hunting and pecking loops for both the ECC and FFC password elements
> > look like a timing oracle to me. They seem to require a large
> > exponentiation or sqrt on every iteration and the number of iterations
> > is data-dependent. If I'm not mistaken, every input to the loop except
> > the password itself is transmitted in cleartext during the handshake.
> >
> > Couldn't an attacker observe the timings of a sufficient number of
> > failed handshakes to enable an offline brute force attack on the
> > low-entropy password?

I agree with Marsh, it is difficult to conceive how to implement
this without being a timing oracle.

The question is, how much does it help you.

If you already have an account or could create one, then the timing
would help you sort out unlikely passwords, I assume, because you
know the algorithm and can determine "off-line" whether a computation
for a newly guessed password is faster or slower than your own password
and you can measure the servers response times for your password and
for the unknown password and therefore know their relation.


> 
>   This is a very good point. I think the attacker would have to observe
> successful handshakes though. It's the number of times through the loop
> until the PE is determined that the attacker wants to know and a failed
> guess will not provide any useful information.

I don't find it very attractive if an authentication protocol gives
an attacker a huge advantage at guessing an unknown account credential
if he can create or obtain a valid account credential.



I also feel very uncomforable with the extremely vague term
"low-entropy password" and the idea that this could be secure.


"low-entropy" to me means something like a 4-digit numeric PIN,
e.g. a complexity of 10^4 or 2^13.28

The only means to retain a meaningful security margin against
brute-force attacks is a very low lockout counter (e.g 2^4 or less).

If the whole handshake takes 1 second to complete (or fail), then
a brute force of the entire 2^13.28 entropy universe completes
in less than 3 hours.  Without a lockout, there just is not any
meaningful security possible.


-Martin

From anders.rundgren@telia.com  Thu Oct  6 12:47:25 2011
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On 2011-10-06 08:47, Yoav Nir wrote:
<snip>
>>  No, it's not a fashion statement. I just don't like following a whole
>> bunch of other people only to have the door slammed in my face. It
>> does not jibe with my notion of fairness.
> 
> Peter and I have been trying to push draft-nir-tls-eap for over 4 years now,
> and the TLS WG is not biting. You are following a bunch of people who have
> already had the door slammed in their faces.

In TrustedComputingGroup Intel was recently suggesting TLS-EAP as an
alternative to another TCG TLS-hack in progress.

Why isn't the TLS WG "biting"?  Who cares if an IETF WG says no?
Why not try other venues such as actually donating code?

The IETF has en huge stack of s.c. "standards" that aren't even worth
the disk-space they occupy!

Anders

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On 10/06/2011 02:50 PM, Anders Rundgren wrote:

> Who cares if an IETF WG says no?

You won't get a code point assignment for your extension otherwise.

- Marsh

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Cc: tls@ietf.org, dhalasz@intwineenergy.com
Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On 10/06/2011 02:06 PM, Martin Rex wrote:
>>
>> Marsh Ray wrote:
>>>
>>> Couldn't an attacker observe the timings of a sufficient number of
>>> failed handshakes to enable an offline brute force attack on the
>>> low-entropy password?
>
> I agree with Marsh, it is difficult to conceive how to implement
> this without being a timing oracle.

I disagree with Martin. :-)

It probably could be implemented without being a timing oracle, but 
blinding the timing channel might impose something approximating 
worst-case latency in all cases. Without benchmarking, I don't know if 
that means microseconds or milliseconds.

But mainly the fix wouldn't happen by accident. It needs to be pointed 
out with a high profile in the security considerations section.

> The question is, how much does it help you.
>
> If you already have an account or could create one, then the timing
> would help you sort out unlikely passwords, I assume, because you
> know the algorithm and can determine "off-line" whether a computation
> for a newly guessed password is faster or slower than your own password
> and you can measure the servers response times for your password and
> for the unknown password and therefore know their relation.

Collect timing on a few thousand handshakes for a given user. Observe 
the server response time clustering into buckets with a log_2 decaying 
distribution.

> I don't find it very attractive if an authentication protocol gives
> an attacker a huge advantage at guessing an unknown account credential
> if he can create or obtain a valid account credential.

I don't think it requires the attacker to obtain an account on the same 
server (but even if it did, that would still be bad).

> I also feel very uncomforable with the extremely vague term
> "low-entropy password" and the idea that this could be secure.

Sometimes we have to make the best of what we've got. Maybe sometimes 
all we've got is a password.

Still, I'm skeptical about who would use this thing and that they 
wouldn't be better served with something else.

> If the whole handshake takes 1 second to complete (or fail), then
> a brute force of the entire 2^13.28 entropy universe completes
> in less than 3 hours.  Without a lockout, there just is not any
> meaningful security possible.

Consider a "smart grid" of electric meters with a service lifetime of 30 
years. The meters probably have very slow CPUs making timing values 
relatively large and easy to distinguish. They may handshake regularly 
with the controlling systems. The power line network is about as open 
and undefended as you can get.

An attacker may be able to gather timing statistics for several years, 
after which he has obtained complete "blinkenlights capability" over the 
service region. That would be bad.

- Marsh

From dharkins@lounge.org  Thu Oct  6 14:00:03 2011
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Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2011 14:03:14 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org>
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Cc: dhalasz@intwineenergy.com, tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On Thu, October 6, 2011 12:06 pm, Martin Rex wrote:
> Dan Harkins wrote:
>>
>> Marsh Ray wrote:
>> >
>> > Comment 4:
>> >
>> > The hunting and pecking loops for both the ECC and FFC password
>> elements
>> > look like a timing oracle to me. They seem to require a large
>> > exponentiation or sqrt on every iteration and the number of iterations
>> > is data-dependent. If I'm not mistaken, every input to the loop except
>> > the password itself is transmitted in cleartext during the handshake.
>> >
>> > Couldn't an attacker observe the timings of a sufficient number of
>> > failed handshakes to enable an offline brute force attack on the
>> > low-entropy password?
>
> I agree with Marsh, it is difficult to conceive how to implement
> this without being a timing oracle.
>
> The question is, how much does it help you.

  Indeed. And I think the answer is, not much.

> If you already have an account or could create one, then the timing
> would help you sort out unlikely passwords, I assume, because you
> know the algorithm and can determine "off-line" whether a computation
> for a newly guessed password is faster or slower than your own password
> and you can measure the servers response times for your password and
> for the unknown password and therefore know their relation.

  The relation-- yours is "faster" than the unknown one-- means nothing.
That knowledge doesn't help. Knowing how many iterations the hunting-
and-pecking loop went through to find PE for an unknown password might
but the relationship between two means nothing. In fact, since both
sides are contributing randomness into the hunting-and-pecking loop
yours might be "faster" one time and considerably slower the next time.
That knowledge doesn't really help.

  After the hunting-and-pecking loop there is a modular exponentiation
(or equivalent in EEC) using a random generator raised to a random
exponent. The timing variations in that calculation will be tremendous.

  The server won't respond until it has done both of these actions
so what the attacker sees is a sum of the time it took to perform both
actions. But the high variability in the time it takes to perform one of
those actions will interfere with the attacker's attempt to find out how
long the other action took.

  This is not a feasible attack.

>>   This is a very good point. I think the attacker would have to observe
>> successful handshakes though. It's the number of times through the loop
>> until the PE is determined that the attacker wants to know and a failed
>> guess will not provide any useful information.
>
> I don't find it very attractive if an authentication protocol gives
> an attacker a huge advantage at guessing an unknown account credential
> if he can create or obtain a valid account credential.

  I don't think it's attractive for an authentication protocol to give
an attack a huge advantage either. And this one doesn't.

> I also feel very uncomforable with the extremely vague term
> "low-entropy password" and the idea that this could be secure.
>
>
> "low-entropy" to me means something like a 4-digit numeric PIN,
> e.g. a complexity of 10^4 or 2^13.28
>
> The only means to retain a meaningful security margin against
> brute-force attacks is a very low lockout counter (e.g 2^4 or less).
>
> If the whole handshake takes 1 second to complete (or fail), then
> a brute force of the entire 2^13.28 entropy universe completes
> in less than 3 hours.  Without a lockout, there just is not any
> meaningful security possible.

  Yes, good point. At the bottom of section 6 I mention some
countermeasures to deal with repeated, failed, active attacks. I
should be more specific and mention what those countermeasures might
look like.

  thanks,

  Dan.



From pgladstone@cisco.com  Thu Oct  6 16:18:57 2011
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Date: Thu, 06 Oct 2011 19:22:01 -0400
From: Philip Gladstone <pgladstone@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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This is a cryptographically signed message in MIME format.

--------------ms000406000002060703060805
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On 10/5/2011 2:12 AM, Dan Harkins wrote:
>    Hi,
>
>    I just uploaded a -00 draft that defines a new key exchange
> for TLS that does not require certificates-- authentication using
> a simple password only. It can be found at:
>
>           http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
>
>    Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.
>
>
There is a note in Security Considerations section that indicates that=20
an active attack that tried a hundred thousand passwords would be easily =

detected. The problem is that, in many cases, finding the password of a=20
single user is sufficient (and you don't care which user it is). This=20
means that you iterate over all users, only trying a single password for =

each user. This is *much* more difficult to detect and stop. [It does=20
assume that usernames are drawn from a small pool. This may well be the=20
case for electricity meters where the username might well be the device=20
serial number -- and these are in a small, consecutive, range]

Philip

--=20
Philip Gladstone
Phone: +1 978-ZEN-TOAD (+1 978 936 8623)
Google: +1 978 800 1010
Ham radio: N1DQ




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From pgut001@login01.cs.auckland.ac.nz  Thu Oct  6 22:13:57 2011
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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: dharkins@lounge.org, pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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"Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:

>This came out of some discussions around security for "smart energy"
>applications whose specifications do much hand waving and assume that
>certificates magically appear on the most unlikely of places and are all used 
>properly. They also make it highly problematic for any off-the-shelf device 
>that is supposed to be integrated into a network of other "smart energy" 
>devices from working properly. They assume an unrealistic level of security 
>clue on the people installing and provisioning the device. Having Joe Random 
>enter a simple password on the UI of his thermostat, for instance, is much 
>more believable.

Hmm, that was pretty much the argument that was made for TLS-PSK (well, not
thermostats, but that it was something that didn't require deploying certs and
was suitable for low-power devices).

>As a general purpose ciphersuite, no I don't imagine it will get much more 
>widespread use than SRP though. But I don't think that's necessarily a reason 
>to oppose it.

Speaking of SRP, I'm told the EKE patent expired a few days ago.

Peter.



From dharkins@lounge.org  Thu Oct  6 22:57:41 2011
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From: "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org>
To: "Philip Gladstone" <pgladstone@cisco.com>
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  Hi,

On Thu, October 6, 2011 4:22 pm, Philip Gladstone wrote:
> On 10/5/2011 2:12 AM, Dan Harkins wrote:
>>    Hi,
>>
>>    I just uploaded a -00 draft that defines a new key exchange
>> for TLS that does not require certificates-- authentication using
>> a simple password only. It can be found at:
>>
>>           http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00
>>
>>    Please take a look. The authors solicit comments.
>>
>>
> There is a note in Security Considerations section that indicates that
> an active attack that tried a hundred thousand passwords would be easily
> detected. The problem is that, in many cases, finding the password of a
> single user is sufficient (and you don't care which user it is). This
> means that you iterate over all users, only trying a single password for
> each user. This is *much* more difficult to detect and stop. [It does
> assume that usernames are drawn from a small pool. This may well be the
> case for electricity meters where the username might well be the device
> serial number -- and these are in a small, consecutive, range]

  That's a great observation. It does suppose that for some given
password there is at least one user in the pool of usernames that has
that password. I'm not sure how true that is in general, but some text
in the security considerations on this is probably needed. Do you have
any?

  Dan.



From dharkins@lounge.org  Thu Oct  6 23:10:28 2011
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On Thu, October 6, 2011 10:16 pm, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> Speaking of SRP, I'm told the EKE patent expired a few days ago.

  Yes! This is a good thing.

  But EKE cannot be used with elliptic curves and has its own particular
constraints on what types of finite field domain parameter sets it can
use (for instance, it can't be used with groups 1-3 in RFC 5054). This
puts more of a burden on the client in evaluating whether an offer by the
server should be accepted or not.

  Unlike EKE, the scheme described in draft-harkins-tls-eap can be used
with any domain parameter set from RFC 3526, RFC 5114 or RFC 5639.

  Dan.





From dharkins@lounge.org  Thu Oct  6 23:12:52 2011
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From: "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org>
To: "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org>
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 Oh Jesus, what a typo...

   s/tls-eap/tls-pwd/

  Dan.

On Thu, October 6, 2011 11:13 pm, Dan Harkins wrote:
>
>
> On Thu, October 6, 2011 10:16 pm, Peter Gutmann wrote:
>> Speaking of SRP, I'm told the EKE patent expired a few days ago.
>
>   Yes! This is a good thing.
>
>   But EKE cannot be used with elliptic curves and has its own particular
> constraints on what types of finite field domain parameter sets it can
> use (for instance, it can't be used with groups 1-3 in RFC 5054). This
> puts more of a burden on the client in evaluating whether an offer by the
> server should be accepted or not.
>
>   Unlike EKE, the scheme described in draft-harkins-tls-eap can be used
> with any domain parameter set from RFC 3526, RFC 5114 or RFC 5639.
>
>   Dan.
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>



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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: dharkins@lounge.org, pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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"Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:

>But EKE cannot be used with elliptic curves

Speaking of PAKE for ECC, from reading a writeup of PACE (for passport EAC) a 
while back, the claimed reason for introducing PACE was that a lot of standard 
DLP PAKE mechanisms aren't secure when used with ECDLPs.  OTOH this RFC 
proposes a complex protocol for ECDLP use with no explanation of how it's 
derived, what its security properties are, or why it's secure.  What's the 
security argument for it?

Peter.

From dharkins@lounge.org  Thu Oct  6 23:55:23 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On Thu, October 6, 2011 11:47 pm, Peter Gutmann wrote:
> "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:
>
>>But EKE cannot be used with elliptic curves
>
> Speaking of PAKE for ECC, from reading a writeup of PACE (for passport
> EAC) a
> while back, the claimed reason for introducing PACE was that a lot of
> standard
> DLP PAKE mechanisms aren't secure when used with ECDLPs.  OTOH this RFC
> proposes a complex protocol for ECDLP use with no explanation of how it's
> derived, what its security properties are, or why it's secure.  What's the
> security argument for it?

  I'm sorry, but I don't understand. Are you asking questions of a different
PAKE scheme (PACE)? Which RFC are you talking about? Do you think there is
something missing from the security considerations of our draft? Is there
some statement of security, or argument, you'd like to see?

  Dan.




From jmdesp@free.fr  Fri Oct  7 07:25:54 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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Peter Gutmann wrote:
> Speaking of SRP, I'm told the EKE patent expired a few days ago.

True for US 5,241,599 :
http://www.google.com/patents?id=LxgbAAAAEBAJ
Filing date: Oct 2, 1991, Issue date: Aug 31, 1993
(US patent law for patents filed before Aug 95 : Valid for 20 years 
after filing date, or 17 years after issue date, whichever is longer )

Not true for US 5,440,635 :
http://www.google.com/patents?id=ByMhAAAAEBAJ
Filing date: Aug 23, 1993, Issue date: Aug 8, 1995
=> Valid until Aug 23, 2013

Lucent used to claim both /could/ apply to SRP 
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/53/slides/ips-9/tsld010.htm before 
reverting to a position of pure FUD on the subject 
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/53/slides/ips-9/tsld011.htm

From mrex@sap.com  Fri Oct  7 10:55:45 2011
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From: Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com>
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To: dharkins@lounge.org (Dan Harkins)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2011 19:58:49 +0200 (MEST)
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Dan Harkins wrote:
> 
> The relation-- yours is "faster" than the unknown one-- means nothing.
> That knowledge doesn't help. Knowing how many iterations the hunting-
> and-pecking loop went through to find PE for an unknown password might
> but the relationship between two means nothing.  In fact, since both
> sides are contributing randomness into the hunting-and-pecking loop
> yours might be "faster" one time and considerably slower the next time.
> That knowledge doesn't really help.

The number of iterations for the hunting and pecking is visible in the
timing unless a reliable response time blending is employed (which would
have to account for an attacker running multiple requests in parallel to
slow down server-side processing).

Although both sides contribute randomness into the process, the only
unknown in the low-entropy password, everything else is revealed.
Since it is revealed, the attacker can use the timing "distance"
between processing his own password and processing guessed passwords
with the EXACT same parameters to sort out unlikely candidates.

-Martin

From rstruik.ext@gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 11:37:22 2011
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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Dear colleagues:

The discussion re draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00 seems to focus on two
elements, viz.:
1) use case of password-based key agreement schemes and differentiation
w.r.t. other IETF work products (EKE, etc.);
2) the mapping from passwords to elliptic curve points.

As to #2, indeed, the procedure in Section 4.1.1 for mapping a password
to a point on the curve ("hunting and pecking") has indeed a
non-deterministic running time, due to "trial-and-error" approach and
may, therefore, by vulnerable to a side channel attack. Note, however,
that there are also deterministic methods for mapping a a value to a
curve as introduced, e.g., in the Crypto 2010 paper by Icart, Coron, et
al (cf. also IACR ePrint 2009-340) and the CRYPTO 2009 paper by Icart et
al. The CRYPTO 2009 paper discusses the probabilistic method Dan Harkins
describes (cf. Section 1.1 - Try and Increment Method; Section 5 -
Practical Implementations). Table 1 of Section 6 (Try and Increment v3)
provides results for an implementation that supposedly prevents
potential leakage of information from determining whether x^3 + a x + b
is a quadratic residue in GFp via the Legendre symbol computations.
Thus, that paper suggests that side channel resistance can be dealt
with, at the expense of time latency. The paper also illustrates that
the deterministic method for "hashing to a curve" has better performance
(again, refer to Table 1 of Section 6 of the CRYPTO 2009 paper).

I hope this helps.

Best regards, Rene


On 07/10/2011 1:58 PM, Martin Rex wrote:
> Dan Harkins wrote:
>> The relation-- yours is "faster" than the unknown one-- means nothing.
>> That knowledge doesn't help. Knowing how many iterations the hunting-
>> and-pecking loop went through to find PE for an unknown password might
>> but the relationship between two means nothing.  In fact, since both
>> sides are contributing randomness into the hunting-and-pecking loop
>> yours might be "faster" one time and considerably slower the next time.
>> That knowledge doesn't really help.
> The number of iterations for the hunting and pecking is visible in the
> timing unless a reliable response time blending is employed (which would
> have to account for an attacker running multiple requests in parallel to
> slow down server-side processing).
>
> Although both sides contribute randomness into the process, the only
> unknown in the low-entropy password, everything else is revealed.
> Since it is revealed, the attacker can use the timing "distance"
> between processing his own password and processing guessed passwords
> with the EXACT same parameters to sort out unlikely candidates.
>
> -Martin
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls


-- 
email: rstruik.ext@gmail.com
Skype: rstruik
cell: +1 (647) 867-5658
USA Google voice: +1 (415) 690-7363


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<![endif]--><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
      &quot;Times New
      Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times
      New Roman&quot;;mso-ansi-language:
      EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"
      lang="EN-US">Dear colleagues:<br>
      <br>
      The discussion re draft-harkins-tls-pwd-00 seems to focus on two
      elements, viz.:<br>
      1) use case of password-based key agreement schemes and
      differentiation w.r.t. other IETF work products (EKE, etc.);<br>
      2) the mapping from passwords to elliptic curve points.<br>
      <br>
      As to #2, indeed, the procedure in Section 4.1.1 for mapping a
      password to a point on the curve ("hunting and pecking") has
      indeed a non-deterministic running time, due to &#8220;trial-and-error&#8221;
      approach and may, therefore, by vulnerable to a side channel
      attack. Note, however, that there are also deterministic methods
      for mapping a a value to a curve as
      introduced, e.g., in the Crypto 2010 paper by Icart, Coron, et al
      (cf. also IACR
      ePrint 2009-340) and the CRYPTO 2009 paper by Icart et al. The
      CRYPTO 2009 paper discusses the probabilistic method Dan Harkins
      describes (cf. Section 1.1 - Try and Increment Method; Section 5 -
      Practical Implementations). Table 1 of Section 6 (Try and
      Increment v3) provides results for an implementation that
      supposedly prevents potential leakage of information from
      determining whether x^3 + a x + b is a quadratic residue in GFp
      via the Legendre symbol computations. Thus, that paper suggests
      that side channel resistance can be dealt with, at the expense of
      time latency. The paper also illustrates that the deterministic
      method for "hashing to a curve" has better performance (again,
      refer to Table 1 of Section 6 of the CRYPTO 2009 paper).<br>
      <br>
      I hope this helps.<br>
      <br>
      Best regards, Rene<br>
    </span><br>
    <br>
    On 07/10/2011 1:58 PM, Martin Rex wrote:
    <blockquote
      cite="mid:201110071758.p97HwniX022621@fs4113.wdf.sap.corp"
      type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">Dan Harkins wrote:
</pre>
      <blockquote type="cite">
        <pre wrap="">
The relation-- yours is "faster" than the unknown one-- means nothing.
That knowledge doesn't help. Knowing how many iterations the hunting-
and-pecking loop went through to find PE for an unknown password might
but the relationship between two means nothing.  In fact, since both
sides are contributing randomness into the hunting-and-pecking loop
yours might be "faster" one time and considerably slower the next time.
That knowledge doesn't really help.
</pre>
      </blockquote>
      <pre wrap="">
The number of iterations for the hunting and pecking is visible in the
timing unless a reliable response time blending is employed (which would
have to account for an attacker running multiple requests in parallel to
slow down server-side processing).

Although both sides contribute randomness into the process, the only
unknown in the low-entropy password, everything else is revealed.
Since it is revealed, the attacker can use the timing "distance"
between processing his own password and processing guessed passwords
with the EXACT same parameters to sort out unlikely candidates.

-Martin
_______________________________________________
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</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:rstruik.ext@gmail.com">rstruik.ext@gmail.com</a>
Skype: rstruik
cell: +1 (647) 867-5658
USA Google voice: +1 (415) 690-7363</pre>
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From nico@cryptonector.com  Fri Oct  7 14:06:32 2011
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To: Rene Struik <rstruik.ext@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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On Fri, Oct 7, 2011 at 1:40 PM, Rene Struik <rstruik.ext@gmail.com> wrote:
> 2) the mapping from passwords to elliptic curve points.
>
> As to #2, indeed, the procedure in Section 4.1.1 for mapping a password t=
o a
> point on the curve ("hunting and pecking") has indeed a non-deterministic
> running time, due to =E2=80=9Ctrial-and-error=E2=80=9D approach and may, =
therefore, by
> vulnerable to a side channel attack. Note, however, that there are also
> deterministic methods for mapping a a value to a curve as introduced, e.g=
.,
> in the Crypto 2010 paper by Icart, Coron, et al (cf. also IACR ePrint
> 2009-340) and the CRYPTO 2009 paper by Icart et al. The CRYPTO 2009 paper
> discusses the probabilistic method Dan Harkins describes (cf. Section 1.1=
 -
> Try and Increment Method; Section 5 - Practical Implementations). Table 1=
 of
> Section 6 (Try and Increment v3) provides results for an implementation t=
hat
> supposedly prevents potential leakage of information from determining
> whether x^3 + a x + b is a quadratic residue in GFp via the Legendre symb=
ol
> computations. Thus, that paper suggests that side channel resistance can =
be
> dealt with, at the expense of time latency. The paper also illustrates th=
at
> the deterministic method for "hashing to a curve" has better performance
> (again, refer to Table 1 of Section 6 of the CRYPTO 2009 paper).

Curve25519 is trivial to generate private keys for.

"Security Analysis of the PACE Key-Agreement Protocol", by Jens
Bender, Marc Fischlin, and Dennis K=C3=BCgler discusses and refers to
papers about hashing to point values.

I like and recommend recommend PACE.

Nico
--

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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: nico@cryptonector.com, rstruik.ext@gmail.com
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

>I like and recommend recommend PACE.

I think it's interesting, but it's also waaaay too new.  Anyone with a paper
that potentially breaks it hasn't even had time to decide which conference to
submit it to yet.

Peter.

From nico@cryptonector.com  Fri Oct  7 15:05:10 2011
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On Fri, Oct 7, 2011 at 4:59 PM, Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz> w=
rote:
> Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
>
>>I like and recommend recommend PACE.
>
> I think it's interesting, but it's also waaaay too new. =C2=A0Anyone with=
 a paper
> that potentially breaks it hasn't even had time to decide which conferenc=
e to
> submit it to yet.

J-PAKE's been around a few more years.

Or wait until more patents expire.  We've waited long enough...

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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft on new TLS key exchange
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"Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org> writes:

>I'm sorry, but I don't understand. Are you asking questions of a different
>PAKE scheme (PACE)? 

The PACE discussion pointed out problems in doing PAKE for ECDLP, which PACE
was introduced to deal with.  The scheme proposed in your draft is not PACE,
and has no indication of where it came from or why it's secure.

>Which RFC are you talking about? 

Your RFC draft.

>Do you think there is something missing from the security considerations of
>our draft? Is there some statement of security, or argument, you'd like to
>see?

Yes, something like a pointer to a conference/journal paper explaining where
the scheme in the RFC draft came from and why it's secure.

Peter.

From Nilesh.Tayade@netscout.com  Tue Oct 11 04:17:18 2011
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Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2011 16:47:07 +0530
From: nilesh <nilesh.tayade@netscout.com>
Organization: NetScout
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Subject: [TLS] Regarding the length of encrypted premaster secret.
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------050608040300010606010308
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Hi,

I have setup an apache server with TLS/SSL support. And I could capture 
some https packets.
Also I have written a dummy code to decrypt using AES algorithm.

However, in the current trace file, the size of encrypted premaster sent 
from client is 130bytes.
I tried first getting a premaster from the encrypted premaster and it 
failed (my program is correct as
I verified it on different trace, also the server private key is correct 
as wireshark could decrypt using this key).
If I remove initial 2bytes of encrypted premaster secret (make it 
128bytes) - then I am able to decrypt it without failure.
But the master_secret and key block generated are not correct then (the 
application data get decrypted to junk -
again, I verified my code to generate master_secret and key block with 
different trace).

<snip>
rsa = RSA_new();
fp = fopen("server.key", "rb"); // error handling is done.
PEM_read_RSAPrivateKey(fp, &rsa, NULL, NULL);
RSA_check_key(rsa);
// Below API fails with '-1' rc - when 130bytes encrypted_premaster is used.
RSA_private_decrypt(pre_master_len, encrypted_premaster, pre_master, 
rsa, RSA_PKCS1_PADDING);
</snip>

Could someone please advise if I missed anything? Should the encrypted 
premaster be always 128bytes?
I have attached the trace file and key file with the email.

-- 
Thanks,
Nilesh

--------------050608040300010606010308
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--------------050608040300010606010308
Content-Type: application/pgp-keys;
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 filename="server.key"

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIICWwIBAAKBgQCkblMUCt4s42BVmvJCpq9HEi8Xzvq63E5jVjS5unNLeEQ9xmxp
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bJ0SY/WmNU+Z4ldVIkcevwwwcxqLF399hjrXWhzlBQ==
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----





--------------050608040300010606010308--

From juhovh@iki.fi  Tue Oct 11 06:23:52 2011
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From: =?utf-8?Q?Juho_V=C3=A4h=C3=A4-Herttua?= <juhovh@iki.fi>
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2011 16:23:12 +0300
To: nilesh <nilesh.tayade@netscout.com>
Cc: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] Regarding the length of encrypted premaster secret.
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On 11.10.2011, at 14.17, nilesh <nilesh.tayade@netscout.com> wrote:
> If I remove initial 2bytes of encrypted premaster secret (make it 128bytes=
) - then I am able to decrypt it without failure.

In TLS 1.0 first two bytes is the length of encrypted premaster secret in by=
tes, in SSL 3.0 they are not used.

> But the master_secret and key block generated are not correct then (the ap=
plication data get decrypted to junk -
> again, I verified my code to generate master_secret and key block with dif=
ferent trace).

I would recommend verifying again. If the encrypted premaster decrypts to 48=
 bytes of data it is most likely correct and your problem is elsewhere. So c=
heck that first.

> Could someone please advise if I missed anything? Should the encrypted pre=
master be always 128bytes?
> I have attached the trace file and key file with the email.

The length depends on RSA key size, with 1024-bit keys it is 128 bytes.

I'm not looking at the trace file since I'm writing on my phone. However Wir=
eshark has a very good SSL debug log feature that logs the premaster secret a=
nd master secret and other useful information, use it for debugging.

I don't think this list is the right place to debug own implementation thoug=
h. Test your program against other widely used implementations, if it fails i=
t is probably broken.


Juho


From anders.rundgren@telia.com  Tue Oct 25 11:44:04 2011
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Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2011 20:43:14 +0200
From: Anders Rundgren <anders.rundgren@telia.com>
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Subject: [TLS] Apple. Re: Web Identity WG Composition
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Hi Ted,

>> It is also *forbidden* to speak openly about requirements if you work
>> for a vendor like Apple or Microsoft.

I have in past life worked for RSA Security and a thing that made
me upset was that every suggestion you did had to go through
the legal department due to potential IPR issues.

Of course we can standardize web identity solutions but not based
on innovation.  That's why this activity is *doomed*.

It well-known that US companies are abusing the patent system, and
Apple is by no means an exception.

In fact, the only reaction I have got on my "heroic"

http://webpki.org/papers/keygen2/sks-keygen2-exec-level-presentation.pdf

effort are from various IPR-folks who claim that I'm infringing on
their patents (which I have never read).

However, I won't bring up this issue again.  I continue on the stuff
mentioned above which is more interesting than working with people
who hide their technology like Google with their wallet.

My hope is that the next.next generation of wallets will be powered by
SKS/KeyGen2.

There are no standardization effort for wallets :-) :-)

There won't be one either because it is MUCH too political,
and technical to be catered by an SDO!

Regards,
Anders

On 2011-10-25 20:03, Edward O'Connor wrote:
> -public-identity, +www-archive
> 
> Hi Anders,
> 
> You wrote:
>> It is also *forbidden* to speak openly about requirements if you work
>> for a vendor like Apple or Microsoft.
> 
> I don't know why you think this, but I can assure you it is not the
> case. As far as Apple goes, we in general refrain from discussing our
> future products and release plans, but we actively participate in good
> faith in many Web standards efforts. I'd prefer it if you didn't suggest
> otherwise.
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> Ted
> 


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Subject: [TLS]  Apple. Re: Web Identity WG Composition
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This message went to TLS by a mistake from my side.

Anders

From hhalpin@w3.org  Tue Oct 25 12:04:08 2011
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Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2011 20:04:03 +0100 (BST)
From: "Harry Halpin" <hhalpin@w3.org>
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> Hi Ted,
>
>>> It is also *forbidden* to speak openly about requirements if you work
>>> for a vendor like Apple or Microsoft.


Anders,

First, why are you emailing off-list from public-identity@w3.org and now
adding tls@ietf.org? This has little to nothing to do with the TLS effort.

It appears you have limited experience with the W3C given your previous
misinformation about <keygen> and now this email. Note that one reason why
WGs can do work is companies agree to the W3C Royalty-Free Patent Policy
as regards the charter of the W3C. Of course member companies may not
agree if it is not in their business interest. However, for the benefit of
the Web and their business, many companies operate in good faith,
including Apple. I agree with Edward and would prefer if you did not
suggest otherwise. I'm happy to point you to relevant documentation about
the W3C, but let's do that off-list. If you wish to continue with a
"personal" project, please do that off-list as well, and best of luck.

And do not add any new lists to this thread or continue this thread on
list, as basic operating knowledge of the W3C and IETF is assumed on these
lists. I'm happy to respond more off-list.


    cheers,
       harry
>
> I have in past life worked for RSA Security and a thing that made
> me upset was that every suggestion you did had to go through
> the legal department due to potential IPR issues.
>
> Of course we can standardize web identity solutions but not based
> on innovation.  That's why this activity is *doomed*.
>
> It well-known that US companies are abusing the patent system, and
> Apple is by no means an exception.
>
> In fact, the only reaction I have got on my "heroic"
>
> http://webpki.org/papers/keygen2/sks-keygen2-exec-level-presentation.pdf
>
> effort are from various IPR-folks who claim that I'm infringing on
> their patents (which I have never read).
>
> However, I won't bring up this issue again.  I continue on the stuff
> mentioned above which is more interesting than working with people
> who hide their technology like Google with their wallet.
>
> My hope is that the next.next generation of wallets will be powered by
> SKS/KeyGen2.
>
> There are no standardization effort for wallets :-) :-)
>
> There won't be one either because it is MUCH too political,
> and technical to be catered by an SDO!
>
> Regards,
> Anders
>
> On 2011-10-25 20:03, Edward O'Connor wrote:
>> -public-identity, +www-archive
>>
>> Hi Anders,
>>
>> You wrote:
>>> It is also *forbidden* to speak openly about requirements if you work
>>> for a vendor like Apple or Microsoft.
>>
>> I don't know why you think this, but I can assure you it is not the
>> case. As far as Apple goes, we in general refrain from discussing our
>> future products and release plans, but we actively participate in good
>> faith in many Web standards efforts. I'd prefer it if you didn't suggest
>> otherwise.
>>
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Ted
>>
>
>


From smb@cs.columbia.edu  Sat Oct 29 09:48:38 2011
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> Speaking of SRP, I'm told the EKE patent expired a few days ago.


Speaking only for myself and not for Alcatel-Lucent, I think you're
correct -- =
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=3DPTO1&Sect2=3DHITOFF&d=3D=
PALL&p=3D1&u=3D%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=3D1&f=3DG&l=3D50&s1=3D5,2=
41,599.PN.&OS=3DPN/5,241,599&RS=3DPN/5,241,599
shows it was filed on October 2, 1991; my understanding is that was =
valid
for 20 years from date of filing.  (It might have fallen into the =
category
of "the later of that date or 17 years from date of issue, but that =
would
have yielded an expiration date of August 31, 2010.)

		--Steve Bellovin, https://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb






From anders.rundgren@telia.com  Sat Oct 29 09:57:11 2011
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The "Window of opportunity" has also since long time passed.
It must have been a very "profitable" patent :-) :-)

Anders

On 2011-10-29 18:48, Steven Bellovin wrote:
>> Speaking of SRP, I'm told the EKE patent expired a few days ago.
> 
> 
> Speaking only for myself and not for Alcatel-Lucent, I think you're
> correct -- http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5,241,599.PN.&OS=PN/5,241,599&RS=PN/5,241,599
> shows it was filed on October 2, 1991; my understanding is that was valid
> for 20 years from date of filing.  (It might have fallen into the category
> of "the later of that date or 17 years from date of issue, but that would
> have yielded an expiration date of August 31, 2010.)
> 
> 		--Steve Bellovin, https://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
> 


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I don't know of any licensees, though of course since it went to Lucent
when AT&T fissioned I have little knowledge of what happened after =
1996-7.

On Oct 29, 2011, at 12:56 46PM, Anders Rundgren wrote:

> The "Window of opportunity" has also since long time passed.
> It must have been a very "profitable" patent :-) :-)
>=20
> Anders
>=20
> On 2011-10-29 18:48, Steven Bellovin wrote:
>>> Speaking of SRP, I'm told the EKE patent expired a few days ago.
>>=20
>>=20
>> Speaking only for myself and not for Alcatel-Lucent, I think you're
>> correct -- =
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=3DPTO1&Sect2=3DHITOFF&d=3D=
PALL&p=3D1&u=3D%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=3D1&f=3DG&l=3D50&s1=3D5,2=
41,599.PN.&OS=3DPN/5,241,599&RS=3DPN/5,241,599
>> shows it was filed on October 2, 1991; my understanding is that was =
valid
>> for 20 years from date of filing.  (It might have fallen into the =
category
>> of "the later of that date or 17 years from date of issue, but that =
would
>> have yielded an expiration date of August 31, 2010.)
>>=20
>> 		--Steve Bellovin, https://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> TLS mailing list
>> TLS@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>>=20
>=20
>=20


		--Steve Bellovin, https://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb






From jsalowey@cisco.com  Sun Oct 30 22:05:54 2011
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TLS is scheduled for Thursday, November 17 from 1740-1940.  Please send =
requests for agenda items to the chairs. =20

Thanks,

Joe=

From Masanobu.Katagi@jp.sony.com  Mon Oct 31 02:34:16 2011
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Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2011 18:36:32 +0900
From: Masanobu Katagi <Masanobu.Katagi@jp.sony.com>
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Subject: [TLS] Review of draft-katagi-tls-clefia-01.txt
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Hi all,

I have updated the draft on TLS ciphersuites using the block cipher CLEFIA.
http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-katagi-tls-clefia-01.txt

The main point of updates is related to the combinations with SHA-1.
I tried to minimize the number of the ciphersuites based on
the comments from this ML experts in July.

Any comments would be appreciated.

Best regards,
Masanobu Katagi
Sony Corporation


On Wed, 20 Jul 2011 19:38:45 +0900
"Katagi, Masanobu" <Masanobu.Katagi@jp.sony.com> wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> Thank you for valuable comments on our proposal of CLEFIA ciphersuites:
> http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-katagi-tls-clefia-00.txt.
> 
> In our draft above, we proposed a lot of combinations with SHA-1.
> In response to the comments from the TLS working group, 
> we would like to remove the following sets of SHA-1 based ciphersuites:
> - All combinations involving CLEFIA_256 (from viewpoint of equivalent security to SHA-1)
> - Combinations involving not commonly used public key primitives
> 
> Our updated proposal of SHA-1 based ciphersuites is as follows.
> 
>      CipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA            = {TBD,TBD};
>      CipherSuite TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA        = {TBD,TBD};
>      CipherSuite TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA        = {TBD,TBD};
>      CipherSuite TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA        = {TBD,TBD};
>      CipherSuite TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA    = {TBD,TBD};
>      CipherSuite TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA      = {TBD,TBD};
>      CipherSuite TLS_PSK_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA            = {TBD,TBD};
>      CipherSuite TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_CLEFIA_128_CBC_SHA        = {TBD,TBD};
> 
> We are going to update this change in the next version of our draft.
> 
> Best regards,
> Masanobu Katagi
> Sony Corporation
> 
> On Tue, 5 Jul 2011 09:33:42 +0900
> "Katagi, Masanobu" <Masanobu.Katagi@jp.sony.com> wrote:
> > Dear all,
> > 
> > We have submitted the Internet draft that defines cipher suites to support CLEFIA in TLS.
> > http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-katagi-tls-clefia-00.txt
> > 
> > CLEFIA is a 128-bit block cipher presented at FSE2007 and it is now used in commercial products.
> > The algorithm of CLEFIA was published as RFC6114 in March 2011. 
> > CLEFIA is a lightweight block cipher compared with AES, Camellia, and SEED. 
> > We believe that CLEFIA will contribute to the Internet of Things as a lightweight cipher algorithm.
> > 
> > The security and performance of CLEFIA have been evaluated through the CRYPTREC project 
> > which evaluates and monitors the security of Japan e-Government recommended ciphers. 
> > It also has been submitted to the ISO/IEC standard (ISO/IEC 29192, Lightweight cryptography) and it's
> > in the Final Draft International Standard.
> > 
> > Any comments on this draft would be appreciated.
> > 
> > Best regards,
> > Masanobu Katagi
> > Sony Corporation
> > 
> > Forwarded by Masanobu Katagi <Masanobu.Katagi@jp.sony.com>
> > ----------------------- Original Message -----------------------
> >  From:    "internet-drafts@ietf.org" <internet-drafts@ietf.org>
> >  To:      "Katagi, Masanobu" <Masanobu.Katagi@jp.sony.com>
> >  Cc:      "Katagi, Masanobu" <Masanobu.Katagi@jp.sony.com>,
> >           "Moriai, Shiho" <Shiho.Moriai@jp.sony.com>
> >  Date:    Mon, 4 Jul 2011 17:51:44 +0900
> >  Subject: New Version Notification for draft-katagi-tls-clefia-00.txt
> > ----
> > 
> > A new version of I-D, draft-katagi-tls-clefia-00.txt has been successfully submitted by Masanobu Katagi and posted to the IETF repository.
> > 
> > Filename:	 draft-katagi-tls-clefia
> > Revision:	 00
> > Title:		 CLEFIA Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)
> > Creation date:	 2011-07-04
> > WG ID:		 Individual Submission
> > Number of pages: 16
> > 
> > Abstract:
> >    This document specifies a set of cipher suites for the Transport
> >    Security Layer (TLS) protocol to support the CLEFIA encryption
> >    algorithm as a block cipher.  CLEFIA is a lightweight block cipher
> >    and suitable for constrained devices.
> > 
> >                                                                                   
> > 
> > 
> > The IETF Secretariat
> > 
> > 
> > --------------------- Original Message Ends --------------------
> > 
> > 
> 



From dharkins@lounge.org  Mon Oct 31 16:08:28 2011
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Subject: [TLS] new version of draft on new TLS key exchange
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  Hello,

  We updated the draft to incorporate comments received on the list.
Please take a look. We solicit further comment.

        http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-harkins-tls-pwd-01

  regards,

  Dave and Dan.




From paul@xelerance.com  Mon Oct 31 16:23:02 2011
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From: Paul Wouters <paul@xelerance.com>
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Subject: [TLS] New Version Notification for draft-wouters-tls-oob-pubkey-01.txt (fwd)
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This is the new version of the draft incorporating the feedback from Quebec City
and the TLS list since then. It changes the draft from a new TLS extension to a
new Certificate Type for raw keys.

It also merges in the unpublished draft material from Hannes Tschofenig
and Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi> whom had also been working on raw RSA
TLS keys for use with CoAP (eg devices with no real time clock where
PKIX validation cannot work)

I did not yet change the draft ofrom individual submission to working group item,
as I was waiting for confirmation on the TLW WG list of the last Quebec City
meeting.

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wouters-tls-oob-pubkey-01

Paul

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2011 17:44:35
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
Cc: weiler@tislabs.com, hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net, gnu@toad.com,
     paul@xelerance.com, kivinen@iki.fi
To: paul@xelerance.com
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-tls-oob-pubkey-01.txt
X-Spam-Flag: NO

A new version of I-D, draft-wouters-tls-oob-pubkey-01.txt has been successfully submitted by Paul Wouters and posted to the IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-wouters-tls-oob-pubkey
Revision:	 01
Title:		 TLS out-of-band public key validation
Creation date:	 2011-10-31
WG ID:		 Individual Submission
Number of pages: 11

Abstract:
    This document specifies a new TLS certificate type for exchanging raw
    public keys or their fingerprints in Transport Layer Security (TLS)
    and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) for use with out-of-band
    authentication.  Currently, TLS authentication can only occur via
    PKIX or OpenPGP certificates.  By specifying a minimum resource for
    raw public key exchange, implementations can use alternative
    authentication methods.

    One such method is using DANE Resource Records secured by DNSSEC,
    Another use case is to provide authentication functionality when used
    with devices in a constrained environment that use whitelists and
    blacklists, as is the case with sensors and other embedded devices
    that are constrained by memory, computational, and communication
    limitations where the usage of PKIX is not feasible.

    The new certificate type specified can also be used to reduce the
    latency of a TLS client that is already in possession of a validated
    public key of the TLS server before it starts a (non-resumed) TLS
    handshake.




The IETF Secretariat
