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From: "Joseph Salowey (jsalowey)" <jsalowey@cisco.com>
To: Sean Turner <turners@ieca.com>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] AD review of draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
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Date: Wed, 8 May 2013 03:11:33 +0000
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Subject: Re: [TLS] AD review of draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
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Most of these look reasonable to me, a few comments inline at the end.=20

Thanks,

Joe
On Apr 16, 2013, at 7:06 AM, Sean Turner <turners@ieca.com> wrote:

> I'd like to discuss some of these before issuing an IETF LC.  There's no =
implied importance based on the order.
>=20
> 0) abstract: I'd delete the 2nd paragraph it really sounds like marketing=
.  The third paragraph is also a repeat of what's in the 1st paragraph - I'=
d just delete it.  Finally, need to be clear that you're also defining two =
new TLS extensions:
>=20
> This document specifies a new certificate type and two TLS extensions,
> one for the client and one for the server, for exchanging raw
> public keys in Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport
> Layer Security (DTLS) for use with out-of-band public key validation.
>=20
> 1) s1 does a good job of motivating the need for server side keys but fal=
ls a little short on client keys.  Why does the intro to the bullet list me=
ntion how the client can get the server's certificate with the last bullet =
also talking about the client's key?  Also, is the paragraph after the bull=
ets just an explicit example of the last bullet?
>=20
> Seems like the first sentence should be:
>=20
>  Traditionally, TLS client and server public keys ...
>=20
> and then maybe:
>=20
> Alternative methods are available that allow a TLS clients/servers
> to obtain the TLS servers/client public key:
>=20
>   o  TLS clients can obtain the TLS server public key from a
>      DNSSEC secured resource records using DANE [RFC6698].
>=20
>   o  The TLS client or server public key is obtained from a
>      [PKIX] certificate chain from an Lightweight Directory
>      Access Protocol (LDAP) [LDAP] server or web page.
>=20
>   o  The TLS client and server public key is provisioned into
>      the operating system firmware image, and updated via
>      software updates. For example:
>=20
>      * Some smart objects use the UDP-based Constrained
>        Application Protocol (CoAP) [I-D.ietf-core-coap] to
>        interact with a Web server to upload sensor data at
>        a regular intervals, such as temperature readings.
>        CoAP [I-D.ietf-core-coap] can utilize DTLS for securing
>        the client-to-server communication.  As part of the
>        manufacturing process, the embeded device may be
>        configured with the address and the public key of
>        a dedicated CoAP server, as well as a public key for
>        the client itself.
>=20
> 2) s1: The last paragraph needs to indicate that this document defines tw=
o new certificate extensions:
>=20
> This document registers a new value to the IANA certificate
> types registry for the support of raw public keys.  It also
> defines two new TLS extensions, "client_certificate_type" and
> "server_certificate_type".
>=20
> 3) I think the introduction needs to make it very clear that without the =
out-of-band binding between the public key and the entity that no authentic=
ation is actually being performed.  Add something like the following to the=
 end of s1:
>=20
>  The mechanism defined herein only provides authentication when
>  an out-of-band mechanism is also used to bind the public key
>  to the entity presenting the key.
>=20
> 4) s3: r/raw public key certificates/raw public keys
>=20
> 5) wrt Figure 3 maybe we can just list the ones we know about? And, RFC 5=
480 updated 3279 wrt ECDSA public keys so it needs to point there:
>=20
>  [RFC3279] and [RFC5480] define the following OIDs:
>=20
> Key Type             | Document                   | OID
> ---------------------+----------------------------+-------------------
> RSA                  | Section 2.3.1 of RFC 3279  | 1.2.840.113549.1.1
> .....................|............................|...................
> Digital Signature    |                            |
> Algorithm (DSS)      | Section 2.3.2 of RFC 3279  | 1.2.840.10040.4.1
> .....................|............................|...................
> Elliptic Curve       |                            |
> Digital Signature    |                            |
> Algorithm (ECDSA)    | Section 2.1.1 of RFC 5480  | 1.2.840.10045.2.1
> ---------------------+----------------------------+-------------------
>=20
>                 Figure 3: Example Algorithm Identifiers.
>=20
> and add 5480 as reference.
>=20
> Grumble: would have listed RSASSA-PSS but it's not supported.
>=20
> 6) And on those references, I think the references for 3279 and 5480 end =
up normative.  All are standards track so no downref issues.
>=20
> 7) s3: I think it's not just an algorithm it sometimes includes additiona=
l parameters.  Also need to include the AlgorithmIdentifier syntax. I think=
 that means some slight tweaking:
>=20
> The SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure is defined in Section 4.1 of RFC
> 5280 [PKIX] and does not only contain the raw keys, such as the
> public exponent and the modulus of an RSA public key, but also an
> algorithm identifier.  The algorithm identifier can also include
> parameters.  The structure, as shown in Figure 2, is
> encoded in an ASN.1 format and therefore contains length information
> as well.  An example is provided in Appendix A.
>=20
>   SubjectPublicKeyInfo  ::=3D  SEQUENCE  {
>     algorithm            AlgorithmIdentifier,
>     subjectPublicKey     BIT STRING  }
>=20
>   AlgorithmIdentifier  ::=3D  SEQUENCE  {
>     algorithm               OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
>     parameters              ANY DEFINED BY algorithm OPTIONAL  }
>=20
>              Figure 2: SubjectPublicKeyInfo ASN.1 Structure.
>=20
> ref:
>=20
>  [RFC5480]  Turner, S., Brown, D., Yiu, K., Housley, R., and T. Polk,
>             "Elliptic Curve Cryptography Subject Public Key
>             Information", RFC 5480, March 2009.
>=20
> 8) I'm thinking we need to say DER encoded in the above as well:
>=20
>  an DER encoded ASN.1 [X.690] format
>=20
> here's the reference:
>=20
>   [X.690]    ITU-T Recommendation X.690 (2002) | ISO/IEC 8825-1:2002,
>              Information technology - ASN.1 encoding rules:
>              Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical
>              Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules
>              (DER).
>=20
> 9) s4.1: Are some words missing from the following:
>=20
> In order to indicate the support of out-of-band raw public keys,
> clients MUST include the 'client_certificate_type' and
> 'server_certificate_type' extensions extended client hello message.
>=20
> extensions "in an" extended client hello message?
>=20
> 10) s4.2:  Maybe reword this slightly:
>=20
> OLD:
>=20
> If the client indicated the support of raw public keys in the
> 'client_certificate_type' extension in the client hello and the
> server is able to provide such raw public key then the TLS server
> MUST place the SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure into the Certificate
> payload.
>=20
> NEW:
>=20
> If the client hello indicates support of raw public keys in the
> 'client_certificate_type' extension and the
> server also supports raw public keys then the TLS server
> MUST place the SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure into the Certificate
> payload.
>=20
> But, a more important question is the meaning of that paragraph above. Do=
esn't that override the "sorted by client preference" from s3?
>=20

[Joe]   I think this should probably say something like:

"If the client hello indicates support of raw public keys in the
'client_certificate_type' extension and the
server chooses to use raw public keys then the TLS server
MUST place the SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure into the Certificate
payload.


> 11) s6: Got some questions about the following:
>=20
>  This information will be needed to make
>  authorization decisions.  Without a secure binding,
>  man-in-the-middle attacks may be the consequence.
>=20
> 1st isn't that authentication.  2nd isn't it masquerade attacks?  3rd it'=
s not really a may it's more an is likely to be?
>=20

[Joe]  I'm not sure binding a key to a name is exactly authentication.  I'd=
 probably reword it something like:

"Without a secure binding between identity and key the protocol will be vul=
nerable to masquerade and man-in-the-middle attacks. "

> 12) In s6, it indicates:
>=20
>  This document assumes that such
>  binding can be made out-of-band and we list a few examples in
>  Section 1.
>=20
> This statement begs the question as to whether there needs to be a requir=
ement on protocols that use this extension to specify the method used to pr=
ovide the out-of-band binding.  In other words something like:
>=20
>  Specifications that make use of the extension MUST specify the
>  mechanism by which the identity and the public key are bound.
>  Otherwise, authentication is not possible.
>=20
[Joe] Or maybe=20
"In order to address these vulnerabilities, specifications that make use of=
 the extension MUST specify how the identity and public key are bound."=20

> 13) How are we supposed to check whether key is still considered "good"? =
 If you can't that might be okay, but you need to mention that there's no m=
echanism to support this yet or that that also needs to be done out-of-band=
.
>=20

[Joe] I think we need to state this is done out of band as well. =20

> 14) Are there any other extensions that don't make sense to negotiate if =
raw keys are chosen?  For example, if the the client and server settle on r=
aw keys do either of the ocsp stapling extensions make sense anymore?
>=20

[Joe] At least the multi-ocsp extension could be extended to support other =
Status mechanisms.=20

> 15) In s7, ask IANA to point the Certificate's Type Registry to this draf=
t.
>=20
> spt
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls


From gswaru@gmail.com  Tue May  7 20:57:28 2013
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Date: Wed, 8 May 2013 09:27:22 +0530
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From: Swarupa <gswaru@gmail.com>
To: tls@ietf.org
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Subject: [TLS] ECC key exchange messages
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--089e01161b485aa30b04dc2ceee1
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Hi ,
I am working on an ECC project, so I wanted to check packet capture for ECC
key exchange,but when I run s_server with cipher as ECDH_RSA cipher set and
try to connect from s_client,I see alert instead of server hello from
server. What is the issue. How can I get openssl to use EDCH ciphers.

Thanks and Regards,
Swarupa

--089e01161b485aa30b04dc2ceee1
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<div dir=3D"ltr">Hi ,<div>I am working on an ECC project, so I wanted to ch=
eck packet capture for ECC key exchange,but when I run s_server with cipher=
 as ECDH_RSA cipher set and try to connect from s_client,I see alert instea=
d of server hello from server. What is the issue. How can I get openssl to =
use EDCH ciphers.<br clear=3D"all">
<div><br></div>Thanks and Regards,</div><div style>Swarupa</div></div>

--089e01161b485aa30b04dc2ceee1--

From juhovh@iki.fi  Tue May  7 22:38:52 2013
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From: =?utf-8?Q?Juho_V=C3=A4h=C3=A4-Herttua?= <juhovh@iki.fi>
Date: Wed, 8 May 2013 08:38:42 +0300
To: Swarupa <gswaru@gmail.com>
Cc: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] ECC key exchange messages
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On 8.5.2013, at 6.57, Swarupa <gswaru@gmail.com> wrote:

> Hi ,
> I am working on an ECC project, so I wanted to check packet capture for EC=
C key exchange,but when I run s_server with cipher as ECDH_RSA cipher set an=
d try to connect from s_client,I see alert instead of server hello from serv=
er. What is the issue. How can I get openssl to use EDCH ciphers.

This might be an irrelevant question, but are you sure you want ECDH_RSA and=
 not ECDHE_RSA? ECDH is a fixed-ECDH cipher suite and requires a server cert=
ificate that is signed with RSA and contains an ECDH public key. ECDHE is an=
 ephemeral suite where the keys are generated separately for each new sessio=
n, this works for "traditional" RSA certificates that contain no ECDH keys.


Juho=

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Date: Thu, 09 May 2013 15:53:47 -0400
From: Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] AD review of draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
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On 05/07/2013 11:11 PM, Joseph Salowey (jsalowey) wrote:

>> 12) In s6, it indicates:
>>
>>  This document assumes that such
>>  binding can be made out-of-band and we list a few examples in
>>  Section 1.
>>
>> This statement begs the question as to whether there needs to be a req=
uirement on protocols that use this extension to specify the method used =
to provide the out-of-band binding.  In other words something like:
>>
>>  Specifications that make use of the extension MUST specify the
>>  mechanism by which the identity and the public key are bound.
>>  Otherwise, authentication is not possible.
>>
> [Joe] Or maybe=20
> "In order to address these vulnerabilities, specifications that make us=
e of the extension MUST specify how the identity and public key are bound=
=2E"=20

Why is this a MUST?  What would be wrong with a specification that makes
use of the extension and declines to mandate a specific OOB mechanism
(e.g. leaves that choice of selection up to the service administrator or
local configuration or something else)?

Being deliberately agnostic about corners of a protocol that you don't
want to constrain is pretty healthy.  If a spec for some new service
comes out that uses OOB keys, and then later someone publishes a novel
(and useful) mechanism for verifying the binding between those keys and
identities, do we want that spec to be considered invalid when used in
combination with the new verification mechanism?

>> 14) Are there any other extensions that don't make sense to negotiate =
if raw keys are chosen?  For example, if the the client and server settle=
 on raw keys do either of the ocsp stapling extensions make sense anymore=
?
>=20
> [Joe] At least the multi-ocsp extension could be extended to support ot=
her Status mechanisms.=20

I'm not convinced that this extension of an extension should be coupled
into the same draft as oob-pubkey itself.  It seems likely to make it
harder to reach consensus on oob-pubkey without providing a significant
benefit.

	--dkg


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From: "Joseph Salowey (jsalowey)" <jsalowey@cisco.com>
To: Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] AD review of draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
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Cc: "<tls@ietf.org>" <tls@ietf.org>, "<draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey@tools.ietf.org>" <draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey@tools.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] AD review of draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
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On May 9, 2013, at 12:53 PM, Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net> wr=
ote:

> On 05/07/2013 11:11 PM, Joseph Salowey (jsalowey) wrote:
>=20
>>> 12) In s6, it indicates:
>>>=20
>>> This document assumes that such
>>> binding can be made out-of-band and we list a few examples in
>>> Section 1.
>>>=20
>>> This statement begs the question as to whether there needs to be a requ=
irement on protocols that use this extension to specify the method used to =
provide the out-of-band binding.  In other words something like:
>>>=20
>>> Specifications that make use of the extension MUST specify the
>>> mechanism by which the identity and the public key are bound.
>>> Otherwise, authentication is not possible.
>>>=20
>> [Joe] Or maybe=20
>> "In order to address these vulnerabilities, specifications that make use=
 of the extension MUST specify how the identity and public key are bound."=
=20
>=20
> Why is this a MUST?  What would be wrong with a specification that makes
> use of the extension and declines to mandate a specific OOB mechanism
> (e.g. leaves that choice of selection up to the service administrator or
> local configuration or something else)?
>=20
> Being deliberately agnostic about corners of a protocol that you don't
> want to constrain is pretty healthy.  If a spec for some new service
> comes out that uses OOB keys, and then later someone publishes a novel
> (and useful) mechanism for verifying the binding between those keys and
> identities, do we want that spec to be considered invalid when used in
> combination with the new verification mechanism?
>=20

[Joe]  In order for this specification to be used securely this binding mus=
t be done.  A document using this specification could possibly leave this u=
p to administrative configuration if that was OK for their environment.  Th=
ey could also specify a separate interoperable mechanism for achieving the =
binding.    If a new mechanism is develop then that new mechanism would hav=
e to be specified somewhere and documents would need to be updated to descr=
ibe how to use that mechanism in an interoperable way.  =20

In any case I would be OK with removing the normative MUST and saying somet=
hing like:

"Specifications that make use of this extension need to describe how the id=
entity and the public key are bound.
Without this binding, authentication is not possible. "=20

>>> 14) Are there any other extensions that don't make sense to negotiate i=
f raw keys are chosen?  For example, if the the client and server settle on=
 raw keys do either of the ocsp stapling extensions make sense anymore?
>>=20
>> [Joe] At least the multi-ocsp extension could be extended to support oth=
er Status mechanisms.=20
>=20
> I'm not convinced that this extension of an extension should be coupled
> into the same draft as oob-pubkey itself.  It seems likely to make it
> harder to reach consensus on oob-pubkey without providing a significant
> benefit.
>=20

[Joe]  I agree, but to your point above would you want to restrict the use =
of an extension that could easily be extended to use a different mechanism =
in the future?   I think here we would probably want to add text to the doc=
ument to say that this document does not cover how revocation either.=20

"Revocation of keys is not covered by this document.  Specifications that m=
ake use of this extension need to describe if and how revocation of keys is=
 performed.  At the time of this document's publication, OCSP does not supp=
ort the revocation of raw public keys so [TLS-OCSP] and [TLS-MULTI_OCSP]  d=
o not apply. "=20

> 	--dkg
>=20


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From: Bert Greevenbosch <Bert.Greevenbosch@huawei.com>
To: "Joseph Salowey (jsalowey)" <jsalowey@cisco.com>, Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] AD review of draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
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Subject: Re: [TLS] AD review of draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
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[Joe]  I agree, but to your point above would you want to restrict the use =
of an extension that could easily be extended to use a different mechanism =
in the future?   I think here we would probably want to add text to the doc=
ument to say that this document does not cover how revocation either.=20

"Revocation of keys is not covered by this document.  Specifications that m=
ake use of this extension need to describe if and how revocation of keys is=
 performed.  At the time of this document's publication, OCSP does not supp=
ort the revocation of raw public keys so [TLS-OCSP] and [TLS-MULTI_OCSP]  d=
o not apply. "=20

[Bert] I wonder if it would make sense to add some kind of a meta field as =
follows:

      SubjectPublicKeyInfo  ::=3D  SEQUENCE  {
           algorithm            AlgorithmIdentifier,
           subjectPublicKey     BIT STRING =20
           meta                 OCTET STRING
      }

This could then be used to provide meta information about the public key, e=
.g. information that may be needed by an out of band authentication method.=
 The field could be ignored by default, unless the particular trust model r=
equires differently.

I guess DER encoding also allows addition of unspecified fields, but I am n=
ot sure if they will be ignored or lead to exceptions.

From hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net  Tue May 14 04:18:15 2013
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<html><head></head><body><div style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 12.0px;"><div>Hi all,&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>I thought it would be a good idea to let the group know what the status of the TLS Cached Info draft is (since Rob just asked me a few minutes ago).&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>You may recall that we had a discussion about the ability to not only cache a single&nbsp;OCSP response&nbsp;(as defined with RFC 6066)&nbsp;but also OCSP responses of intermediate&nbsp;CA certs, which is functionality <a href="http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-multiple-cert-status-extension/">http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-multiple-cert-status-extension/</a>&nbsp;provides. Rob raised this issue in his review, see&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg09352.html" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif, Arial, &#39;Trebuchet MS&#39;; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tls/current/msg09352.html</a><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif, Arial, &#39;Trebuchet MS&#39;; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">.&nbsp;</span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>To me it sounds reasonable to add the requested functionality and the pros &amp; cons had been discussed on the list.&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>When I met Ekr at the recent NIST workshop we briefly spoke about the TLS Cached Info document and how to progress it. He came up with the idea to use the Firefox telemetry feature&nbsp;to gather some data so that we can estimage the cache hit/miss ratio. With data we would obviously be in a much better position to make an informed&nbsp;decision.&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>I hope that we get that data soon. If we cannot get it then we have to switch to plan B.&nbsp;<br/>
&nbsp;</div>

<div>Ciao<br/>
Hannes</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div></div></body></html>

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On 5/14/13 4:30 AM, Bert Greevenbosch wrote:
> [Joe]  I agree, but to your point above would you want to restrict the use of an extension that could easily be extended to use a different mechanism in the future?   I think here we would probably want to add text to the document to say that this document does not cover how revocation either.
>
> "Revocation of keys is not covered by this document.  Specifications that make use of this extension need to describe if and how revocation of keys is performed.  At the time of this document's publication, OCSP does not support the revocation of raw public keys so [TLS-OCSP] and [TLS-MULTI_OCSP]  do not apply. "
>
> [Bert] I wonder if it would make sense to add some kind of a meta field as follows:
>
>        SubjectPublicKeyInfo  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
>             algorithm            AlgorithmIdentifier,
>             subjectPublicKey     BIT STRING
>             meta                 OCTET STRING
>        }
>
> This could then be used to provide meta information about the public key, e.g. information that may be needed by an out of band authentication method. The field could be ignored by default, unless the particular trust model requires differently.
>
> I guess DER encoding also allows addition of unspecified fields, but I am not sure if they will be ignored or lead to exceptions.

Please don't add the meta field there.  The idea was that the 
SubjectPublciKey might just be grabbed from a certificate and that 
field's not there in a certificate.  Further, I think the DANE 
structures require that SubjectPublicKeyInfo be as specified in RFC 5280 
(i.e., sans meta).

spt

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On 5/10/13 4:19 AM, Joseph Salowey (jsalowey) wrote:
>
> On May 9, 2013, at 12:53 PM, Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net> wrote:
>
>> On 05/07/2013 11:11 PM, Joseph Salowey (jsalowey) wrote:
>>
>>>> 12) In s6, it indicates:
>>>>
>>>> This document assumes that such
>>>> binding can be made out-of-band and we list a few examples in
>>>> Section 1.
>>>>
>>>> This statement begs the question as to whether there needs to be a requirement on protocols that use this extension to specify the method used to provide the out-of-band binding.  In other words something like:
>>>>
>>>> Specifications that make use of the extension MUST specify the
>>>> mechanism by which the identity and the public key are bound.
>>>> Otherwise, authentication is not possible.
>>>>
>>> [Joe] Or maybe
>>> "In order to address these vulnerabilities, specifications that make use of the extension MUST specify how the identity and public key are bound."
>>
>> Why is this a MUST?  What would be wrong with a specification that makes
>> use of the extension and declines to mandate a specific OOB mechanism
>> (e.g. leaves that choice of selection up to the service administrator or
>> local configuration or something else)?
>>
>> Being deliberately agnostic about corners of a protocol that you don't
>> want to constrain is pretty healthy.  If a spec for some new service
>> comes out that uses OOB keys, and then later someone publishes a novel
>> (and useful) mechanism for verifying the binding between those keys and
>> identities, do we want that spec to be considered invalid when used in
>> combination with the new verification mechanism?
>>
>
> [Joe]  In order for this specification to be used securely this binding must be done.  A document using this specification could possibly leave this up to administrative configuration if that was OK for their environment.  They could also specify a separate interoperable mechanism for achieving the binding.    If a new mechanism is develop then that new mechanism would have to be specified somewhere and documents would need to be updated to describe how to use that mechanism in an interoperable way.
>
> In any case I would be OK with removing the normative MUST and saying something like:
>
> "Specifications that make use of this extension need to describe how the identity and the public key are bound.
> Without this binding, authentication is not possible. "

Joe you read my mind.  I'm also okay without the MUST.

>>>> 14) Are there any other extensions that don't make sense to negotiate if raw keys are chosen?  For example, if the the client and server settle on raw keys do either of the ocsp stapling extensions make sense anymore?
>>>
>>> [Joe] At least the multi-ocsp extension could be extended to support other Status mechanisms.
>>
>> I'm not convinced that this extension of an extension should be coupled
>> into the same draft as oob-pubkey itself.  It seems likely to make it
>> harder to reach consensus on oob-pubkey without providing a significant
>> benefit.
>>
>
> [Joe]  I agree, but to your point above would you want to restrict the use of an extension that could easily be extended to use a different mechanism in the future?   I think here we would probably want to add text to the document to say that this document does not cover how revocation either.
>
> "Revocation of keys is not covered by this document.  Specifications that make use of this extension need to describe if and how revocation of keys is performed.  At the time of this document's publication, OCSP does not support the revocation of raw public keys so [TLS-OCSP] and [TLS-MULTI_OCSP]  do not apply. "

Not thrilled with this answer but I could live with it.

How about adding a new section that groups these two issues together and 
call it "What specifications that use this document must specify" or 
something like that.

spt

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Thanks! I can answer a few of the techincal questions. I'll leave your
comments on the wording and such to Dirk.


> 2. What are the ramifications if the TLS WG does not adopt an
> EncryptedExtensions mechanism?  I.e., what are the downsides to the "channel
> id" being publicly exposed, i.e., the security ones as well as the privacy
> implications?

It would mean that clients send, in the clear, a unique identifier for
each eTLD+1. This would allow TLS connections to be deanonymised etc.

> 6. This mechanism should be compared/contrasted with TLS Channel Binding
> RFC5929. They don't appear to be mutually exclusive on first thought. What
> are the semantics if they are both employed by an application?  For what
> might one employ one or the other or both concurrently?

They are certainly related. Something like ChannelIDs could be
implemented at the application layer by signing channel binding
values. I think channel bindings were designed to provide exactly
this, but to the application.

> what are the threats if a long-term, asymmetric-key-based client identifier
> is sent in the clear during TLS handshake?  Is it mostly a privacy concern?
> Or is it because of anticipated use cases of binding app-layer info to the
> TLS layer?

I think it's primarily a privacy concern.

> ..so I'm not sure how "session resumption secrets" are "equivalent bearer
> tokens" ?

The session resumption information is sufficient to authenticate with
a given client certificate. That is, if the client certificate is in a
hardware token and signs a TLS handshake, then by stealing the session
resumption information (from either end of the connection), an
attacker steals something equivalent to the client-cert private key in
some sense.

> you mean that the "x" and "y" fields (of the ChannelIDExtension struct)
> contain the  affine coordinates of a P-256 [DSS] curve point comprising an
> ECC public key "Q" ?

Yes.

> hashes of both the client-sent and server-sent handshake messages, as seen
> by the client?

Yes.

> but presumably the same (long-lived?) TLS client identifier Q = (x,y)  used
> and only (r,s) are different ?

It's certainly expected that the client would use the same public key
(i.e. (x, y) pair), yes.

> why?  simply for privacy reasons?

Yes.

> Or is the main concern that the "channel id" will be used by app layers, eg
> in HTTP cookies, in order to bind objects to a particular TLS client-server
> pair, and thus the "channel id" should be protected as a secret?

No, the Channel ID isn't a security secret. We wouldn't want to
broadcast it for privacy reasons but, since one has to prove
possession of the private key in order to use it, just the public key
isn't sensitive.

>>    We do this by sending a
>>    constant-length Channel ID under encryption.  However, since the
>>    Channel ID may be transmitted before the server's Finished message is
>>    received, it's possible that the server isn't in possession of the
>>    certificate that it presented.
>
> do you mean in possession of the corresponding private key (to the cert it
> presented) ?

Yes.

> We assume that TLS provides sufficient security to prevent these attackers
> from being able to hijack the TLS connection.

Yes.

>>                                              However, as the signature
>>    covers the handshake hashes, and therefore the server's certificate,
>>    it wouldn't be accepted by the true server.
>
> this essentially means that a attacker server with a mis-issued certificate
> cannot act as a real-time TLS proxy between the TLS client and legit server,
> yes?
>
> But otherwise such an attacker could potentially mount an impersonation of
> the legitimate server, yes?

Yes, but the worry is that the attacker could impersonate the
/client/, not the server.

>>    Against an attacker with the legitimate server's private key we can
>>    provide the second guarantee only if the legitimate server uses a
>>    forward-secret cipher suite, otherwise the attacker can hijack the
>>    connection.
>
>
> here "connection" means the long-lived "security association" between TLS
> client and legit server, yes?

I think connection means connection in this case. The attacker could
derive the session resumption information, but I don't think that
helps them any more than simply hijacking the connection.



Cheers

AGL

From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon May 20 13:47:11 2013
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Subject: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Hi,

I have not followed this WG, so please forgive me if a similar
question has already been discussed.

I am participating in another SDO on a standard for automated Demand
Response, called OpenADR (www.openadr.org), an application for the
smart grid. The application is basically a web service, exchanging XML
over HTTP over public networks, and using TLS (with RSA and ECDSA /
SHA1 ciphers for TLS 1.0 and SHA2 for TLS1.2). Currently, the draft
allows for TLS1.0 and 1.1, but recommends using 1.2 (and requires
vendors to provide a migration plan in case TLS1.0 is obsoleted) .
TLS1.0 and 1.1 RFCs have been obsoleted by the IETF; but I am not sure
about the best current practice. Is it absolutely discouraged to use
them? The argument in the OpenADR alliance is that many libraries and
programming languages do not support TLS1.2, so they recommend to
start the handshake with 1.2 and then downgrade - if required - to
1.0. I read that NIST disallows SHA1 after 2013; which would also
affect TLS1.0, which does not support SHA2.

What would be your recommendation in this case? Mandate TLS1.2 and
disallow TLS1.0? Or just strongly recommend ("SHOULD") to use TLS1.2
and SHA2 ciphers, and otherwise to use TLS1.0?

Best regards
Ulrich

From paduffy@cisco.com  Mon May 20 14:43:50 2013
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Hi Ulrich

IMO mandate TLS 1.2 (as SEP2 did).

For all of the reasons you mentioned below.

With OpenADR, we are talking about an app that impacts the electric grid.

Cheers



On 5/20/2013 4:47 PM, Ulrich Herberg wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I have not followed this WG, so please forgive me if a similar
> question has already been discussed.
>
> I am participating in another SDO on a standard for automated Demand
> Response, called OpenADR (www.openadr.org), an application for the
> smart grid. The application is basically a web service, exchanging XML
> over HTTP over public networks, and using TLS (with RSA and ECDSA /
> SHA1 ciphers for TLS 1.0 and SHA2 for TLS1.2). Currently, the draft
> allows for TLS1.0 and 1.1, but recommends using 1.2 (and requires
> vendors to provide a migration plan in case TLS1.0 is obsoleted) .
> TLS1.0 and 1.1 RFCs have been obsoleted by the IETF; but I am not sure
> about the best current practice. Is it absolutely discouraged to use
> them? The argument in the OpenADR alliance is that many libraries and
> programming languages do not support TLS1.2, so they recommend to
> start the handshake with 1.2 and then downgrade - if required - to
> 1.0. I read that NIST disallows SHA1 after 2013; which would also
> affect TLS1.0, which does not support SHA2.
>
> What would be your recommendation in this case? Mandate TLS1.2 and
> disallow TLS1.0? Or just strongly recommend ("SHOULD") to use TLS1.2
> and SHA2 ciphers, and otherwise to use TLS1.0?
>
> Best regards
> Ulrich
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>


From robert.cragie@gridmerge.com  Tue May 21 00:05:24 2013
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+1. TLS 1.2 also opens up use of the AEAD ciphers.

Robert

On 20/05/2013 22:43, Paul Duffy wrote:
> Hi Ulrich
>
> IMO mandate TLS 1.2 (as SEP2 did).
>
> For all of the reasons you mentioned below.
>
> With OpenADR, we are talking about an app that impacts the electric gri=
d.
>
> Cheers
>
>
>
> On 5/20/2013 4:47 PM, Ulrich Herberg wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I have not followed this WG, so please forgive me if a similar
>> question has already been discussed.
>>
>> I am participating in another SDO on a standard for automated Demand
>> Response, called OpenADR (www.openadr.org), an application for the
>> smart grid. The application is basically a web service, exchanging XML=

>> over HTTP over public networks, and using TLS (with RSA and ECDSA /
>> SHA1 ciphers for TLS 1.0 and SHA2 for TLS1.2). Currently, the draft
>> allows for TLS1.0 and 1.1, but recommends using 1.2 (and requires
>> vendors to provide a migration plan in case TLS1.0 is obsoleted) .
>> TLS1.0 and 1.1 RFCs have been obsoleted by the IETF; but I am not sure=

>> about the best current practice. Is it absolutely discouraged to use
>> them? The argument in the OpenADR alliance is that many libraries and
>> programming languages do not support TLS1.2, so they recommend to
>> start the handshake with 1.2 and then downgrade - if required - to
>> 1.0. I read that NIST disallows SHA1 after 2013; which would also
>> affect TLS1.0, which does not support SHA2.
>>
>> What would be your recommendation in this case? Mandate TLS1.2 and
>> disallow TLS1.0? Or just strongly recommend ("SHOULD") to use TLS1.2
>> and SHA2 ciphers, and otherwise to use TLS1.0?
>>
>> Best regards
>> Ulrich
>> _______________________________________________
>> TLS mailing list
>> TLS@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>



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From: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
To: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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On Mon, May 20, 2013 at 10:47 PM, Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name> wrote:
> Hi,
> I have not followed this WG, so please forgive me if a similar
> question has already been discussed.
> I am participating in another SDO on a standard for automated Demand
> Response, called OpenADR (www.openadr.org), an application for the
> smart grid. The application is basically a web service, exchanging XML
> over HTTP over public networks, and using TLS (with RSA and ECDSA /
> SHA1 ciphers for TLS 1.0 and SHA2 for TLS1.2). Currently, the draft
> allows for TLS1.0 and 1.1, but recommends using 1.2 (and requires
> vendors to provide a migration plan in case TLS1.0 is obsoleted) .

>From a practical perspective using this suggestion implementers are
expected to support 3 protocols. TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1 and TLS 1.2. Except
from the fact that this requires more code, given the
incompatibilities we see on the web between implementations, the
implementations of your protocol may end-up only using TLS 1.0.

> TLS1.0 and 1.1 RFCs have been obsoleted by the IETF; but I am not sure
> about the best current practice. Is it absolutely discouraged to use
> them?

There are known issues in TLS 1.0 which have been fixed in later
versions (the issues in CBC ciphersuites comes to mind, there may be
more). Moreover TLS 1.0 and 1.1 only support the RC4 and CBC
ciphersuites, and there are known attacks on both (which may affect
your protocol or not).

> The argument in the OpenADR alliance is that many libraries and
> programming languages do not support TLS1.2,

Many also do.

> What would be your recommendation in this case? Mandate TLS1.2 and
> disallow TLS1.0? Or just strongly recommend ("SHOULD") to use TLS1.2
> and SHA2 ciphers, and otherwise to use TLS1.0?

If what you specify is something new, IMO, there are not many reasons
to allow legacy protocols.

regards,
Nikos

From hanno@hboeck.de  Tue May 21 01:27:01 2013
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On Mon, 20 May 2013 13:47:08 -0700
Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name> wrote:

> I am participating in another SDO on a standard for automated Demand
> Response, called OpenADR (www.openadr.org), an application for the
> smart grid. The application is basically a web service, exchanging XML
> over HTTP over public networks, and using TLS (with RSA and ECDSA /
> SHA1 ciphers for TLS 1.0 and SHA2 for TLS1.2). Currently, the draft
> allows for TLS1.0 and 1.1, but recommends using 1.2 (and requires
> vendors to provide a migration plan in case TLS1.0 is obsoleted) .
> TLS1.0 and 1.1 RFCs have been obsoleted by the IETF; but I am not sure
> about the best current practice. Is it absolutely discouraged to use
> them? The argument in the OpenADR alliance is that many libraries and
> programming languages do not support TLS1.2, so they recommend to
> start the handshake with 1.2 and then downgrade - if required - to
> 1.0. I read that NIST disallows SHA1 after 2013; which would also
> affect TLS1.0, which does not support SHA2.
>=20
> What would be your recommendation in this case? Mandate TLS1.2 and
> disallow TLS1.0? Or just strongly recommend ("SHOULD") to use TLS1.2
> and SHA2 ciphers, and otherwise to use TLS1.0?

The biggest security issue with TLS 1.0/1.1 is less the use of sha1 and
more the use of CBC+hmac in a very wacky combination.
=46rom what I'm aware, the use of SHA1 in HMAC shouldn't affect its
security. Still it's a good idea to avoid sha1 - it just isn't the most
pressing security issue.

You should definitely require TLS 1.2 and avoid CBC-ciphersuites if
possible if you want high security. The AEAD-ciphersuites (i.e.
everything with AES-GCM) in TLS 1.2 are the thing you want to use.

The issue with libraries not supporting TLS 1.2 isn't as severe as it
may seem. OpenSSL supports TLS 1.2 since a while, GnuTLS also does,
the MS-provided ssl libs since Windows 7 as well. nss has no support
yet, but there are experimental patches and it's expected to come quite
soon. So unless you have a very strong need to use outdated versions of
crypto libraries (which is generally not a good idea), it shouldn't be
much of an issue.

cu,
--=20
Hanno B=F6ck		mail/jabber: hanno@hboeck.de
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+1 to what Hanno said.

David

On 5/21/13 4:26 AM, "Hanno B=F6ck" <hanno@hboeck.de> wrote:

>On Mon, 20 May 2013 13:47:08 -0700
>Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name> wrote:
>
>> I am participating in another SDO on a standard for automated Demand
>> Response, called OpenADR (www.openadr.org), an application for the
>> smart grid. The application is basically a web service, exchanging XML
>> over HTTP over public networks, and using TLS (with RSA and ECDSA /
>> SHA1 ciphers for TLS 1.0 and SHA2 for TLS1.2). Currently, the draft
>> allows for TLS1.0 and 1.1, but recommends using 1.2 (and requires
>> vendors to provide a migration plan in case TLS1.0 is obsoleted) .
>> TLS1.0 and 1.1 RFCs have been obsoleted by the IETF; but I am not sure
>> about the best current practice. Is it absolutely discouraged to use
>> them? The argument in the OpenADR alliance is that many libraries and
>> programming languages do not support TLS1.2, so they recommend to
>> start the handshake with 1.2 and then downgrade - if required - to
>> 1.0. I read that NIST disallows SHA1 after 2013; which would also
>> affect TLS1.0, which does not support SHA2.
>>=20
>> What would be your recommendation in this case? Mandate TLS1.2 and
>> disallow TLS1.0? Or just strongly recommend ("SHOULD") to use TLS1.2
>> and SHA2 ciphers, and otherwise to use TLS1.0?
>
>The biggest security issue with TLS 1.0/1.1 is less the use of sha1 and
>more the use of CBC+hmac in a very wacky combination.
>From what I'm aware, the use of SHA1 in HMAC shouldn't affect its
>security. Still it's a good idea to avoid sha1 - it just isn't the most
>pressing security issue.
>
>You should definitely require TLS 1.2 and avoid CBC-ciphersuites if
>possible if you want high security. The AEAD-ciphersuites (i.e.
>everything with AES-GCM) in TLS 1.2 are the thing you want to use.
>
>The issue with libraries not supporting TLS 1.2 isn't as severe as it
>may seem. OpenSSL supports TLS 1.2 since a while, GnuTLS also does,
>the MS-provided ssl libs since Windows 7 as well. nss has no support
>yet, but there are experimental patches and it's expected to come quite
>soon. So unless you have a very strong need to use outdated versions of
>crypto libraries (which is generally not a good idea), it shouldn't be
>much of an issue.
>
>cu,
>--=20
>Hanno B=F6ck		mail/jabber: hanno@hboeck.de
>GPG: BBB51E42		http://www.hboeck.de/


From mrex@sap.com  Tue May 21 06:47:54 2013
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From: mrex@sap.com (Martin Rex)
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Ulrich Herberg wrote:
> 
> I am participating in another SDO on a standard for automated Demand
> Response, called OpenADR (www.openadr.org), an application for the
> smart grid. The application is basically a web service, exchanging XML
> over HTTP over public networks, and using TLS (with RSA and ECDSA /
> SHA1 ciphers for TLS 1.0 and SHA2 for TLS1.2). Currently, the draft
> allows for TLS1.0 and 1.1, but recommends using 1.2 (and requires
> vendors to provide a migration plan in case TLS1.0 is obsoleted).
> TLS1.0 and 1.1 RFCs have been obsoleted by the IETF; but I am not sure
> about the best current practice.

Please ignore the "obsolete" tagging on rfc2246 and rfc4346, they're
formally provable clerical errors.

The IETF "obsoleted" tag is about documents obsoleting each other,
and that has not happened.


>
> Is it absolutely discouraged to use them?

Just the opposite.  TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 are still perfectly fine for use,
and TLSv1.2 itself has a number of open problems, beside a poor track
record of backwards interop.

The alleged (confidentiality) problems that have been demonstrated so far
are about design-flawed communication peers that require an attacker
to be able to insert data into the beginning of the TLS-protected
communication an repeat the request a few thousand times (or more)
in order to perform plaintext recovery on allegedley confidential
data that the attacked communication peer willingly inserted into
the same TLS channel following the data provided by the attacker.

This problem primarily affects Web Browsers, which essentially are
huge security design-flaws by themselves, and to some extent
VPNs that multiplex data from different sources over a single
TLS-protected communication channel.


Datagram TLS (DTLS) is another can of worms, because it has an unreasonable
requirement to ignore unlimited amounts of MAC-failing DTLS records on a
DTLS connection, but that is a defect from which the stream-oriented
regular TLS protocols do not suffer.


-Martin

From Kenny.Paterson@rhul.ac.uk  Tue May 21 07:02:22 2013
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From: "Paterson, Kenny" <Kenny.Paterson@rhul.ac.uk>
To: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Hi

On 21 May 2013, at 14:47, Martin Rex wrote:

> The alleged (confidentiality) problems that have been demonstrated so far
> are about design-flawed communication peers that require an attacker
> to be able to insert data into the beginning of the TLS-protected
> communication an repeat the request a few thousand times (or more)
> in order to perform plaintext recovery on allegedley confidential
> data that the attacked communication peer willingly inserted into
> the same TLS channel following the data provided by the attacker.

This is an incorrect representation of the known attacks on confidentiality=
 (as I understand them, at least).

- The attacker-injected data does not have to be at the start of the TLS-pr=
otected communication.
- The peer-inserted data does not have to follow the attacker-provided data=
.

> Datagram TLS (DTLS) is another can of worms, because it has an unreasonab=
le
> requirement to ignore unlimited amounts of MAC-failing DTLS records on a
> DTLS connection, but that is a defect from which the stream-oriented
> regular TLS protocols do not suffer.

True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to terminate=
 a connection in the event of errors.=20

It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.

Cheers!

Kenny=



From mrex@sap.com  Tue May 21 07:37:22 2013
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From: mrex@sap.com (Martin Rex)
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Paterson, Kenny wrote:
> Hi
> 
> On 21 May 2013, at 14:47, Martin Rex wrote:
> 
> > The alleged (confidentiality) problems that have been demonstrated so far
> > are about design-flawed communication peers that require an attacker
> > to be able to insert data into the beginning of the TLS-protected
> > communication an repeat the request a few thousand times (or more)
> > in order to perform plaintext recovery on allegedley confidential
> > data that the attacked communication peer willingly inserted into
> > the same TLS channel following the data provided by the attacker.
> 
> This is an incorrect representation of the known attacks on
> confidentiality (as I understand them, at least).
> 
> - The attacker-injected data does not have to be at the start of the
>   TLS-protected communication.
> - The peer-inserted data does not have to follow the attacker-provided data.

True.  Technically, attacks (on CBC) become possible whenever the attacker
can force data of his choice to be processed along with a block of unknown
data under the same block cipher key and observe differences in the
resulting behaviour.

Being able to insert plaintext before the unknown data can be used to
attack the senders encryption oracle (what BEAST did), which may allow
blackholing the resulting output in order to avoid alarm bells
going off on the peer (original receiver).

For the more generic attacks on CBC-Padding using the receivers decryption
oracle it would be sufficient if the attacker can entice the client to
repeat essentially the same request (i.e. with the same interesting data
at a known or predictable position) sufficiently often (typically a few
thousand to a few million times), then rearranging the network data
that the receiver is going to process will be sufficient.  The large
number of failed reciever-side processing might eventually set off
receiver-side alarm-bells.


> 
> > Datagram TLS (DTLS) is another can of worms, because it has an unreasonable
> > requirement to ignore unlimited amounts of MAC-failing DTLS records on a
> > DTLS connection, but that is a defect from which the stream-oriented
> > regular TLS protocols do not suffer.
> 
> True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
> terminate a connection in the event of errors. 
> 
> It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.


Now that you mention it, I hadn't noticed that DTLS gives actual two
_different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records
with MAC error are mutually exclusive)

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1

   4.1.2.1  MAC  (last paragraph):

   In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
   bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert when
   it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
   bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
   state.

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5

   4.1.2.5  Anti-replay  (last paragraph):

   If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if the
   packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to
   MAC verification.  If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST
   discard the received record as invalid.  The receive window is
   updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.


-Martin

From ulrich@herberg.name  Tue May 21 09:26:01 2013
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Thank you very much for the comments so far. This is a useful
discussion, and I pointed the OpenADR alliance to this conversation.

Ulrich

On Tue, May 21, 2013 at 7:37 AM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> Paterson, Kenny wrote:
>> Hi
>>
>> On 21 May 2013, at 14:47, Martin Rex wrote:
>>
>> > The alleged (confidentiality) problems that have been demonstrated so far
>> > are about design-flawed communication peers that require an attacker
>> > to be able to insert data into the beginning of the TLS-protected
>> > communication an repeat the request a few thousand times (or more)
>> > in order to perform plaintext recovery on allegedley confidential
>> > data that the attacked communication peer willingly inserted into
>> > the same TLS channel following the data provided by the attacker.
>>
>> This is an incorrect representation of the known attacks on
>> confidentiality (as I understand them, at least).
>>
>> - The attacker-injected data does not have to be at the start of the
>>   TLS-protected communication.
>> - The peer-inserted data does not have to follow the attacker-provided data.
>
> True.  Technically, attacks (on CBC) become possible whenever the attacker
> can force data of his choice to be processed along with a block of unknown
> data under the same block cipher key and observe differences in the
> resulting behaviour.
>
> Being able to insert plaintext before the unknown data can be used to
> attack the senders encryption oracle (what BEAST did), which may allow
> blackholing the resulting output in order to avoid alarm bells
> going off on the peer (original receiver).
>
> For the more generic attacks on CBC-Padding using the receivers decryption
> oracle it would be sufficient if the attacker can entice the client to
> repeat essentially the same request (i.e. with the same interesting data
> at a known or predictable position) sufficiently often (typically a few
> thousand to a few million times), then rearranging the network data
> that the receiver is going to process will be sufficient.  The large
> number of failed reciever-side processing might eventually set off
> receiver-side alarm-bells.
>
>
>>
>> > Datagram TLS (DTLS) is another can of worms, because it has an unreasonable
>> > requirement to ignore unlimited amounts of MAC-failing DTLS records on a
>> > DTLS connection, but that is a defect from which the stream-oriented
>> > regular TLS protocols do not suffer.
>>
>> True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
>> terminate a connection in the event of errors.
>>
>> It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
>
>
> Now that you mention it, I hadn't noticed that DTLS gives actual two
> _different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records
> with MAC error are mutually exclusive)
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1
>
>    4.1.2.1  MAC  (last paragraph):
>
>    In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
>    bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert when
>    it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
>    bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
>    state.
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5
>
>    4.1.2.5  Anti-replay  (last paragraph):
>
>    If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if the
>    packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to
>    MAC verification.  If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST
>    discard the received record as invalid.  The receive window is
>    updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.
>
>
> -Martin

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From: Xiaoyong Wu <X.Wu@F5.com>
To: "Paterson, Kenny" <Kenny.Paterson@rhul.ac.uk>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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> True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
> terminate a connection in the event of errors.
>
> It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
>
>From a practical point of view, terminating on MAC error is prone to a simp=
le attack, especially on IPv4 network. An attacker would only need to forge=
 a UDP packet to either the client/server to get the connection terminated.


-Xiaoyong

> -----Original Message-----
> From: tls-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> Paterson, Kenny
> Sent: Tuesday, May 21, 2013 7:01 AM
> To: tls@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
>=20
> Hi
>=20
> On 21 May 2013, at 14:47, Martin Rex wrote:
>=20
> > The alleged (confidentiality) problems that have been demonstrated so
> > far are about design-flawed communication peers that require an
> > attacker to be able to insert data into the beginning of the
> > TLS-protected communication an repeat the request a few thousand times
> > (or more) in order to perform plaintext recovery on allegedley
> > confidential data that the attacked communication peer willingly
> > inserted into the same TLS channel following the data provided by the
> attacker.
>=20
> This is an incorrect representation of the known attacks on confidentiali=
ty (as
> I understand them, at least).
>=20
> - The attacker-injected data does not have to be at the start of the TLS-
> protected communication.
> - The peer-inserted data does not have to follow the attacker-provided da=
ta.
>=20
> > Datagram TLS (DTLS) is another can of worms, because it has an
> > unreasonable requirement to ignore unlimited amounts of MAC-failing
> > DTLS records on a DTLS connection, but that is a defect from which the
> > stream-oriented regular TLS protocols do not suffer.
>=20
> True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
> terminate a connection in the event of errors.
>=20
> It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
>=20
> Cheers!
>=20
> Kenny
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls

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--089e0158bac24e44cd04dd422cd5
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On Tue, May 21, 2013 at 7:37 AM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:

> Paterson, Kenny wrote:
> > Hi
> >
> > On 21 May 2013, at 14:47, Martin Rex wrote:
> > > Datagram TLS (DTLS) is another can of worms, because it has an
> unreasonable
> > > requirement to ignore unlimited amounts of MAC-failing DTLS records on
> a
> > > DTLS connection, but that is a defect from which the stream-oriented
> > > regular TLS protocols do not suffer.
> >
> > True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
> > terminate a connection in the event of errors.
> >
> > It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
>
>
> Now that you mention it, I hadn't noticed that DTLS gives actual two
> _different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records
> with MAC error are mutually exclusive)
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1
>
>    4.1.2.1  MAC  (last paragraph):
>
>    In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
>    bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert when
>    it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
>    bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
>    state.
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5
>
>    4.1.2.5  Anti-replay  (last paragraph):
>
>    If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if the
>    packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to
>    MAC verification.  If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST
>    discard the received record as invalid.  The receive window is
>    updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.
>

Hmm.... I'm not sure these are contradictory.

If you get a packet with a MAC error you MUST discard the packet (i.e.,
not process it.) You may either *silently* discard it (i.e.., proceed as if
you had not received it) or terminate the connection with an alert.

-Ekr

--089e0158bac24e44cd04dd422cd5
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail=
_quote">On Tue, May 21, 2013 at 7:37 AM, Martin Rex <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<=
a href=3D"mailto:mrex@sap.com" target=3D"_blank">mrex@sap.com</a>&gt;</span=
> wrote:<br>

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"im">Paterson, Kenny wrote:<br>
&gt; Hi<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; On 21 May 2013, at 14:47, Martin Rex wrote:<br></div><div class=3D"im"=
>
&gt; &gt; Datagram TLS (DTLS) is another can of worms, because it has an un=
reasonable<br>
&gt; &gt; requirement to ignore unlimited amounts of MAC-failing DTLS recor=
ds on a<br>
&gt; &gt; DTLS connection, but that is a defect from which the stream-orien=
ted<br>
&gt; &gt; regular TLS protocols do not suffer.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to<br>
&gt; terminate a connection in the event of errors.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; It&#39;s just that most (all?) implementations don&#39;t.<br>
<br>
<br>
</div>Now that you mention it, I hadn&#39;t noticed that DTLS gives actual =
two<br>
_different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records<br>
with MAC error are mutually exclusive)<br>
<br>
<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1" target=3D"_b=
lank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1</a><br>
<br>
=A0 =A04.1.2.1 =A0MAC =A0(last paragraph):<br>
<br>
=A0 =A0In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with<b=
r>
=A0 =A0bad MACs. =A0If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert w=
hen<br>
=A0 =A0it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate<br>
=A0 =A0bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection<b=
r>
=A0 =A0state.<br>
<br>
<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5" target=3D"_b=
lank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5</a><br>
<br>
=A0 =A04.1.2.5 =A0Anti-replay =A0(last paragraph):<br>
<br>
=A0 =A0If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if the=
<br>
=A0 =A0packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to<=
br>
=A0 =A0MAC verification. =A0If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST<=
br>
=A0 =A0discard the received record as invalid. =A0The receive window is<br>
=A0 =A0updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.<br></blockquote><div>=
<br></div><div style>Hmm.... I&#39;m not sure these are contradictory.</div=
><div style><br></div><div style>If you get a packet with a MAC error you M=
UST discard the packet (i.e.,</div>

<div style>not process it.) You may either *silently* discard it (i.e.., pr=
oceed as if</div><div style>you had not received it) or terminate the conne=
ction with an alert.</div><div style><br></div><div style>-Ekr</div><div st=
yle>

<br></div><div style><br></div></div></div></div>

--089e0158bac24e44cd04dd422cd5--

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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Hi Hanno,

thank you for the recommendations. Please see below:

On Tue, May 21, 2013 at 1:26 AM, Hanno B=F6ck <hanno@hboeck.de> wrote:
[...]
> The biggest security issue with TLS 1.0/1.1 is less the use of sha1 and
> more the use of CBC+hmac in a very wacky combination.
> From what I'm aware, the use of SHA1 in HMAC shouldn't affect its
> security. Still it's a good idea to avoid sha1 - it just isn't the most
> pressing security issue.
>
> You should definitely require TLS 1.2 and avoid CBC-ciphersuites if
> possible if you want high security. The AEAD-ciphersuites (i.e.
> everything with AES-GCM) in TLS 1.2 are the thing you want to use.


I see. Are the CBC ciphersuites considered unsecure? I have found the
following paper that seems to claim that there are possible attacks:
http://www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/tls/TLStiming.pdf
And a draft with an alternative (claiming that AEAD has performance issues)=
:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02

Was that discussed in this WG?

Best regards
Ulrich



>
> The issue with libraries not supporting TLS 1.2 isn't as severe as it
> may seem. OpenSSL supports TLS 1.2 since a while, GnuTLS also does,
> the MS-provided ssl libs since Windows 7 as well. nss has no support
> yet, but there are experimental patches and it's expected to come quite
> soon. So unless you have a very strong need to use outdated versions of
> crypto libraries (which is generally not a good idea), it shouldn't be
> much of an issue.
>
> cu,
> --
> Hanno B=F6ck              mail/jabber: hanno@hboeck.de
> GPG: BBB51E42           http://www.hboeck.de/
>
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>

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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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P.S. I see that the draft I mentioned has been discussed on the mailing lis=
t.

Is there any recommendation in which cases the use of CBC ciphersuites
would actually cause any (practical) risk so that we can evaluate
whether we should use alternatives to CBC like AEAD? Is current
support for AEAD cipher suites in common TLS1.2 implementations as
good as for CBC cipher suites? Is there any drawback for using AEAD
ciphers? Is there any sort of best practice or similar document where
a user designing an application can make a choice which TLS version /
cipher suites to use? Currently, the OpenADR protocol mandates to use:

for TLS1.0 (only if a device does not support higher versions of TLS):
ECC =96 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
RSA =96 TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA

for TLS1.2 (default):
ECC =96 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
RSA =96 TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256

The messages that are exchanged are XML documents within HTTP POST.

Thanks
Ulrich


On Tue, May 21, 2013 at 4:45 PM, Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name> wrote=
:
[...]
> I see. Are the CBC ciphersuites considered unsecure? I have found the
> following paper that seems to claim that there are possible attacks:
> http://www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/tls/TLStiming.pdf
> And a draft with an alternative (claiming that AEAD has performance issue=
s):
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02
>
> Was that discussed in this WG?
>
> Best regards
> Ulrich
>
>
>
>>
>> The issue with libraries not supporting TLS 1.2 isn't as severe as it
>> may seem. OpenSSL supports TLS 1.2 since a while, GnuTLS also does,
>> the MS-provided ssl libs since Windows 7 as well. nss has no support
>> yet, but there are experimental patches and it's expected to come quite
>> soon. So unless you have a very strong need to use outdated versions of
>> crypto libraries (which is generally not a good idea), it shouldn't be
>> much of an issue.
>>
>> cu,
>> --
>> Hanno B=F6ck              mail/jabber: hanno@hboeck.de
>> GPG: BBB51E42           http://www.hboeck.de/
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> TLS mailing list
>> TLS@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>>

From geoffk@geoffk.org  Tue May 21 17:38:29 2013
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Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name> writes:

> Is there any recommendation in which cases the use of CBC ciphersuites
> would actually cause any (practical) risk so that we can evaluate
> whether we should use alternatives to CBC like AEAD?

I believe you'd need to very carefully evaluate the entire system you
would plan to use the CBC ciphersuites for applicability of known
attacks such as:

- The issue fixed in TLS 1.1, use of a predictable IV
- The timing issue(s) discussed in the "Lucky Thirteen" paper
- Information disclosure due to use of compression

Each of these may or may not apply to a particular system or
implementation.  For example, timing issues can be a big problem if
you have small embedded devices---or no problem at all because
communication always happens at particular scheduled times and the
messages are prepared earlier.

> Is current support for AEAD cipher suites in common TLS1.2
> implementations as good as for CBC cipher suites?

No, alas.  But it's pretty good and getting better.

> Is there any drawback for using AEAD ciphers?

Not that I know of.

> Is there any sort of best practice or similar document where
> a user designing an application can make a choice which TLS version /
> cipher suites to use?

I think any situation that forces you to use earlier versions of TLS
or cipher suites that aren't AEAD is pushing you out of "best
practice" and into the jungle of "whatever needs to happen to make this
work".

From mrex@sap.com  Wed May 22 15:52:38 2013
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From: mrex@sap.com (Martin Rex)
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Geoffrey Keating wrote:
> Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name> writes:
> > 
> > Is there any recommendation in which cases the use of CBC ciphersuites
> > would actually cause any (practical) risk so that we can evaluate
> > whether we should use alternatives to CBC like AEAD?
> 
> I believe you'd need to very carefully evaluate the entire system you
> would plan to use the CBC ciphersuites for applicability of known
> attacks such as:
> 
> - The issue fixed in TLS 1.1, use of a predictable IV

Which matters only when you let the attacker provide plaintext that
is encrypted along with information that the attacker is not supposed
to know, and let the attacker retry this guessing game with the
same unknown information often enough.  Can be mitigated with
1/(n-1) record splitting.  See e.g. http://www.educatedguesswork.org/comsec/


>
> - The timing issue(s) discussed in the "Lucky Thirteen" paper

... which affects CBC cipher suites in  TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2 as well.

and was previously dicussed _and_ solved in Serge Vaudenay's 2001 paper,
however for some mysterious reason, Serge's recommendation didn't make
it into the 2006 TLSv1.1 or 2008 TLSv1.2 updates... (section 6.5)

 http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/52417/files/IC_TECH_REPORT_200150.pdf


>
> - Information disclosure due to use of compression

Which affects *ALL* cipher suites (including AEAD) in all TLS protocol
versions, and was pointed out clearly in the Wagner&Schneier 1996
SSLv3.0 Protocol Analysis (Section 3.2):

 http://www.schneier.com/paper-ssl.html




> 
> Each of these may or may not apply to a particular system or
> implementation.  For example, timing issues can be a big problem if
> you have small embedded devices---or no problem at all because
> communication always happens at particular scheduled times and the
> messages are prepared earlier.

Whether "timing" provides an attack surface depends on several factors.
Timing may enable a decryption oracle when either there are variations
in processing dependent on low-entropy crypto padding (such as CBC-padding
for symmetric block ciphers (Vaudenay) or padding schemes used by
assymetric crypto private key operations, e.g. PKCS#1 v1.5 padding
for RSA key exchange (Bleichenbacher) as used by TLS.


> 
> > Is current support for AEAD cipher suites in common TLS1.2
> > implementations as good as for CBC cipher suites?
> 
> No, alas.  But it's pretty good and getting better.

The arbitrary (and totally needless) decision to limit AES-CCM & AES-GCM
ciphersuites to TLSv1.2 is significantly slowing its adoption.


> 
> > Is there any drawback for using AEAD ciphers?
> 
> Not that I know of.

It should be glaring obvious that the integrity protection will be
cryptographically weaker than with any reasonable HMAC scheme (just
by comparing the size of the internal state of the algorithms).

But it seems to be "good enough" (strong enough) for a number of folks.


-Martin

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To: Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com>
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From: mrex@sap.com (Martin Rex)
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Eric Rescorla wrote:
> Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> >
> > Paterson, Kenny wrote:
> > >
> > > True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
> > > terminate a connection in the event of errors.
> > >
> > > It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
> >
> > Now that you mention it, I hadn't noticed that DTLS gives actual two
> > _different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records
> > with MAC error are mutually exclusive)
> >
> > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1
> >
> >    4.1.2.1  MAC  (last paragraph):
> >
> >    In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
> >    bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert when
> >    it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
> >    bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
> >    state.
> >
> > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5
> >
> >    4.1.2.5  Anti-replay  (last paragraph):
> >
> >    If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if the
> >    packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to
> >    MAC verification.  If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST
> >    discard the received record as invalid.  The receive window is
> >    updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.
> >
> 
> Hmm.... I'm not sure these are contradictory.
> 
> If you get a packet with a MAC error you MUST discard the packet (i.e.,
> not process it.) You may either *silently* discard it (i.e.., proceed as if
> you had not received it) or terminate the connection with an alert.

Silently discarding it     = proceed as if you had not received it

non-silently discarding it = log an error and proceed as if you had not
                             not received it

Terminating the connection with an alert means "processing it".

So yes, there is a contradiction.

-Martin

From mrex@sap.com  Wed May 22 18:20:30 2013
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From: mrex@sap.com (Martin Rex)
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Martin Rex wrote:
> Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > Paterson, Kenny wrote:
> > > >
> > > > True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
> > > > terminate a connection in the event of errors.
> > > >
> > > > It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
> > >
> > > Now that you mention it, I hadn't noticed that DTLS gives actual two
> > > _different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records
> > > with MAC error are mutually exclusive)
> > >
> > > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1
> > >
> > >    4.1.2.1  MAC  (last paragraph):
> > >
> > >    In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
> > >    bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert when
> > >    it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
> > >    bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
> > >    state.
> > >
> > > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5
> > >
> > >    4.1.2.5  Anti-replay  (last paragraph):
> > >
> > >    If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if the
> > >    packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to
> > >    MAC verification.  If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST
> > >    discard the received record as invalid.  The receive window is
> > >    updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.
> > >
> > 
> > Hmm.... I'm not sure these are contradictory.
> > 
> > If you get a packet with a MAC error you MUST discard the packet (i.e.,
> > not process it.) You may either *silently* discard it (i.e.., proceed as if
> > you had not received it) or terminate the connection with an alert.
> 
> Silently discarding it     = proceed as if you had not received it
> 
> non-silently discarding it = log an error and proceed as if you had not
>                              not received it
> 
> Terminating the connection with an alert means "processing it".
> 
> So yes, there is a contradiction.


For comparison, look at the more elaborate discussion in the successor
DTLS document:
  http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6347#section-4.1.2.7

   4.1.2.7.  Handling Invalid Records

   Unlike TLS, DTLS is resilient in the face of invalid records (e.g.,
   invalid formatting, length, MAC, etc.).  In general, invalid records
   SHOULD be silently discarded, thus preserving the association;
   however, an error MAY be logged for diagnostic purposes.
   Implementations which choose to generate an alert instead, MUST
   generate fatal level alerts to avoid attacks where the attacker
   repeatedly probes the implementation to see how it responds to
   various types of error.

Where you can see the two variants of discarding ("silently" and logging
an error) that preserves the association, and the behaviour
"Implementations which choose to generate an alert instead", being
explicitly characterized as distinct to discarding.



btw. there is another contradiction within rfc4347 section 4.1.2.1 MAC
between paragraph 3 and 4 (which is reproduced in rfc6347):

   http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1
   http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6347#section-4.1.2.1

   Note that one important difference between DTLS and TLS MAC handling
   is that in TLS MAC errors must result in connection termination.  In
   DTLS, the receiving implementation MAY simply discard the offending
   record and continue with the connection.  This change is possible
   because DTLS records are not dependent on each other in the way that
   TLS records are.

   In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
   bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert when
   it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
   bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
   state.

Paragraph 3 says "MAY simply discard the offending record and continue
with the connection", whereas paragraph 4 says "DTLS implementations
SHOULD silently discard data with bad MACs.".

You can not use two distinct imperatives (MAY and SHOULD) for the
very same behaviour, that is a contradiction.  You can only use one
or the other.

Maybe the document (co-)authors should be using the "MAY WISH TO"
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6919#section-6 keyword instead
of the rfc2119 SHOULD in paragraph 4 of rfc4347 section 4.1.2.1.  ;-)

There are some folks in the IETF security area (in particular over
at PKIX) that feel very strongly about SHOULDs.


-Martin

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From: Eric Rescorla <ekr@rtfm.com>
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--20cf3005dc481a97f904dd58a135
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

On Wed, May 22, 2013 at 5:51 PM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:

> Eric Rescorla wrote:
> > Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > Paterson, Kenny wrote:
> > > >
> > > > True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
> > > > terminate a connection in the event of errors.
> > > >
> > > > It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
> > >
> > > Now that you mention it, I hadn't noticed that DTLS gives actual two
> > > _different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records
> > > with MAC error are mutually exclusive)
> > >
> > > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1
> > >
> > >    4.1.2.1  MAC  (last paragraph):
> > >
> > >    In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
> > >    bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert
> when
> > >    it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
> > >    bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
> > >    state.
> > >
> > > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5
> > >
> > >    4.1.2.5  Anti-replay  (last paragraph):
> > >
> > >    If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if the
> > >    packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to
> > >    MAC verification.  If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST
> > >    discard the received record as invalid.  The receive window is
> > >    updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.
> > >
> >
> > Hmm.... I'm not sure these are contradictory.
> >
> > If you get a packet with a MAC error you MUST discard the packet (i.e.,
> > not process it.) You may either *silently* discard it (i.e.., proceed as
> if
> > you had not received it) or terminate the connection with an alert.
>
> Silently discarding it     = proceed as if you had not received it
>
> non-silently discarding it = log an error and proceed as if you had not
>                              not received it
>
> Terminating the connection with an alert means "processing it".
>

Unsurprisingly, I don't agree with this interpretation.

-Ekr

--20cf3005dc481a97f904dd58a135
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail=
_quote">On Wed, May 22, 2013 at 5:51 PM, Martin Rex <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<=
a href=3D"mailto:mrex@sap.com" target=3D"_blank">mrex@sap.com</a>&gt;</span=
> wrote:<br>

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"im">Eric Rescorla wrote:<br>
&gt; Martin Rex &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:mrex@sap.com">mrex@sap.com</a>&gt; wr=
ote:<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; Paterson, Kenny wrote:<br>
&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>
</div><div><div class=3D"h5">&gt; &gt; &gt; True. Though the spec for DTLS =
does allow DTLS implementations to<br>
&gt; &gt; &gt; terminate a connection in the event of errors.<br>
&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; &gt; It&#39;s just that most (all?) implementations don&#39;t.<br=
>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; Now that you mention it, I hadn&#39;t noticed that DTLS gives act=
ual two<br>
&gt; &gt; _different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard re=
cords<br>
&gt; &gt; with MAC error are mutually exclusive)<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; <a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1" ta=
rget=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1</a><br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A04.1.2.1 =A0MAC =A0(last paragraph):<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard d=
ata with<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0bad MACs. =A0If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate =
an alert when<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generat=
e<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its co=
nnection<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0state.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; <a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5" ta=
rget=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5</a><br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A04.1.2.5 =A0Anti-replay =A0(last paragraph):<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0If the received record falls within the window and is new,=
 or if the<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver pr=
oceeds to<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0MAC verification. =A0If the MAC validation fails, the rece=
iver MUST<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0discard the received record as invalid. =A0The receive win=
dow is<br>
&gt; &gt; =A0 =A0updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Hmm.... I&#39;m not sure these are contradictory.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; If you get a packet with a MAC error you MUST discard the packet (i.e.=
,<br>
&gt; not process it.) You may either *silently* discard it (i.e.., proceed =
as if<br>
&gt; you had not received it) or terminate the connection with an alert.<br=
>
<br>
</div></div>Silently discarding it =A0 =A0 =3D proceed as if you had not re=
ceived it<br>
<br>
non-silently discarding it =3D log an error and proceed as if you had not<b=
r>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0not received it<=
br>
<br>
Terminating the connection with an alert means &quot;processing it&quot;.<b=
r></blockquote><div><br></div><div style>Unsurprisingly, I don&#39;t agree =
with this interpretation.</div><div style><br></div><div style>-Ekr</div>

<div style><br></div></div></div></div>

--20cf3005dc481a97f904dd58a135--

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From: "Kemp, David P." <DPKemp@missi.ncsc.mil>
To: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Date: Thu, 23 May 2013 19:18:16 +0000
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There is no contradiction - in both sections a record with a bad MAC MUST b=
e discarded.

4.1.2.1 specifies two subcases of discarding: do nothing else (silently dis=
card) or discard then alert/terminate).  Those subcases do not conflict wit=
h 4.1.2.5.

I disagree with the SHOULD in 4.1.2.1, because that says the IETF disapprov=
es of generating fatal alerts.  Unless there is good justification for sayi=
ng applications SHOULD NOT alert and terminate, the SHOULD should be MAY.

Logging is independent of processing, not a third alternative.  Silently di=
scard (with or without logging) is one processing action, and alert and ter=
minate (with or without logging) is the other.  "Bad MAC discard without lo=
gging" is not a separate action from "Bad MAC discard with logging".  "Bad =
MAC discard" is a single action with some level (debug/info/error) that may=
 or may not result in a log record being generated.

Dave

-----Original Message-----
From: tls-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Eric =
Rescorla
Sent: Wednesday, May 22, 2013 9:30 PM
To: mrex@sap.com
Cc: tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0




On Wed, May 22, 2013 at 5:51 PM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:


	Eric Rescorla wrote:
	> Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
	> >
	> > Paterson, Kenny wrote:
	> > >
=09
	> > > True. Though the spec for DTLS does allow DTLS implementations to
	> > > terminate a connection in the event of errors.
	> > >
	> > > It's just that most (all?) implementations don't.
	> >
	> > Now that you mention it, I hadn't noticed that DTLS gives actual two
	> > _different_ guidances (MAY abort on MAC error and MUST discard records
	> > with MAC error are mutually exclusive)
	> >
	> > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.1
	> >
	> >    4.1.2.1  MAC  (last paragraph):
	> >
	> >    In general, DTLS implementations SHOULD silently discard data with
	> >    bad MACs.  If a DTLS implementation chooses to generate an alert wh=
en
	> >    it receives a message with an invalid MAC, it MUST generate
	> >    bad_record_mac alert with level fatal and terminate its connection
	> >    state.
	> >
	> > http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4347#section-4.1.2.5
	> >
	> >    4.1.2.5  Anti-replay  (last paragraph):
	> >
	> >    If the received record falls within the window and is new, or if th=
e
	> >    packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to
	> >    MAC verification.  If the MAC validation fails, the receiver MUST
	> >    discard the received record as invalid.  The receive window is
	> >    updated only if the MAC verification succeeds.
	> >
	>
	> Hmm.... I'm not sure these are contradictory.
	>
	> If you get a packet with a MAC error you MUST discard the packet (i.e.,
	> not process it.) You may either *silently* discard it (i.e.., proceed as=
 if
	> you had not received it) or terminate the connection with an alert.
=09
=09
	Silently discarding it     =3D proceed as if you had not received it
=09
	non-silently discarding it =3D log an error and proceed as if you had not
	                             not received it
=09
	Terminating the connection with an alert means "processing it".
=09


Unsurprisingly, I don't agree with this interpretation.

-Ekr


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From: Peter Gutmann <pgut001@cs.auckland.ac.nz>
To: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name> writes:=0A=
=0A=
>What would be your recommendation in this case? Mandate TLS1.2 and disallo=
w=0A=
>TLS1.0? Or just strongly recommend ("SHOULD") to use TLS1.2 and SHA2 ciphe=
rs,=0A=
>and otherwise to use TLS1.0?=0A=
=0A=
I would mandate TLS 1.1 with the encrypt-then-MAC fix.  TLS 1.2 is erratica=
lly=0A=
deployed and supported while 1.1 is pretty universal (and even if a vendor=
=0A=
doesn't do it yet, it's a minor tweak on 1.0 while 1.2 is a massive rewrite=
).=0A=
Also TLS 1.2 is actually weaker than TLS 1.1-with-MAC-fix (unless you use A=
EAD=0A=
ciphers, which have their own issues).=0A=
=0A=
Peter.=0A=

From turners@ieca.com  Fri May 24 10:14:14 2013
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I think I didn't yet respond to some of these.

On 5/7/13 11:11 PM, Joseph Salowey (jsalowey) wrote:
> Most of these look reasonable to me, a few comments inline at the end.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Joe
> On Apr 16, 2013, at 7:06 AM, Sean Turner <turners@ieca.com> wrote:

>> 10) s4.2:  Maybe reword this slightly:
>>
>> OLD:
>>
>> If the client indicated the support of raw public keys in the
>> 'client_certificate_type' extension in the client hello and the
>> server is able to provide such raw public key then the TLS server
>> MUST place the SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure into the Certificate
>> payload.
>>
>> NEW:
>>
>> If the client hello indicates support of raw public keys in the
>> 'client_certificate_type' extension and the
>> server also supports raw public keys then the TLS server
>> MUST place the SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure into the Certificate
>> payload.
>>
>> But, a more important question is the meaning of that paragraph above. Doesn't that override the "sorted by client preference" from s3?
>>
>
> [Joe]   I think this should probably say something like:
>
> "If the client hello indicates support of raw public keys in the
> 'client_certificate_type' extension and the
> server chooses to use raw public keys then the TLS server
> MUST place the SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure into the Certificate
> payload.

Yep that's what I was thinking.

>> 11) s6: Got some questions about the following:
>>
>>   This information will be needed to make
>>   authorization decisions.  Without a secure binding,
>>   man-in-the-middle attacks may be the consequence.
>>
>> 1st isn't that authentication.  2nd isn't it masquerade attacks?  3rd it's not really a may it's more an is likely to be?
>>
>
> [Joe]  I'm not sure binding a key to a name is exactly authentication.  I'd probably reword it something like:
>
> "Without a secure binding between identity and key the protocol will be vulnerable to masquerade and man-in-the-middle attacks."

I could live with that.

>> 13) How are we supposed to check whether key is still considered "good"?  If you can't that might be okay, but you need to mention that there's no mechanism to support this yet or that that also needs to be done out-of-band.
>>
>
> [Joe] I think we need to state this is done out of band as well.

Yeah all I'm looking for here is a warning that there's currently no 
mechanism to support this.  I was going to go and say that the 
application needs to define who this might be done, but after talking it 
over with a couple of folks what it's going to come down to is asking 
those applications when we see them calling out use of this document if 
they really want status checking.

spt

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What if the CA / Browser Forum were to add an optional provision for the
certificate profile of End Entity TLS Certificates that said the following?

TLS Feature Extension (optional)

Subscriber Certificates MAY contain the TLS Feature Extension advertising
that the status_request feature of OCSP stapling is available and supported
by the subscriber.  If present, this field MUST NOT be marked critical. 

See http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hallambaker-tlsfeature-02 

 


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the CA / Browser Forum were to add an optional provision for the =
certificate profile of End Entity TLS Certificates that said the =
following?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>TLS Feature =
Extension (optional)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Subscriber =
Certificates MAY contain the TLS Feature Extension advertising that the =
status_request feature of OCSP stapling is available and supported by =
the subscriber.&nbsp; If present, this field MUST NOT be marked =
critical. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>See <a =
href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hallambaker-tlsfeature-02">http:=
//tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hallambaker-tlsfeature-02</a> =
<o:p></o:p></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div></body></html>
------=_NextPart_000_01B0_01CE5B94.1D20F670--


From n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com  Wed May 29 00:58:12 2013
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Sender: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com>
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Date: Wed, 29 May 2013 09:58:03 +0200
From: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft-hallambaker-tlsfeature-02
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On 05/28/2013 07:11 PM, Ben Wilson wrote:

> What if the CA / Browser Forum were to add an optional provision for the
> certificate profile of End Entity TLS Certificates that said the following?
> 
> TLS Feature Extension (optional)
> 
> Subscriber Certificates MAY contain the TLS Feature Extension advertising
> that the status_request feature of OCSP stapling is available and supported
> by the subscriber.  If present, this field MUST NOT be marked critical. 
> See http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hallambaker-tlsfeature-02 


What is the actual problem the TLS extension on this draft solves?
A client doesn't need an extension to drop the connection if an OCSP
reply cannot be obtained. Moreover there are very few cases where a
server would like to force the client to disconnect if such a reply is
not available since the CA's OCSP server is typically outside its
control, and which server administrator would like his site to go down
every time the CA's server goes down.

For the latter if the server is really concerned about the client
getting the OCSP replies, he can send them in-band anyway using the
status request extension (and if the server doesn't support this
extension - as mentioned in the draft - why would it support the new one?)

regards,
Nikos

From tom@ritter.vg  Wed May 29 09:22:39 2013
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From: Tom Ritter <tom@ritter.vg>
Date: Wed, 29 May 2013 12:22:04 -0400
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Subject: Re: [TLS] draft-hallambaker-tlsfeature-02
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On 29 May 2013 03:58, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:
> A client doesn't need an extension to drop the connection if an OCSP
> reply cannot be obtained.

It also doesn't need to be told to not downgrade TLS versions, or to
require revocation informatton at all - but they don't do those
things.

> Moreover there are very few cases where a
> server would like to force the client to disconnect if such a reply is
> not available since the CA's OCSP server is typically outside its
> control, and which server administrator would like his site to go down
> every time the CA's server goes down.

"Very few" is probably accurate, but this is explicitly for those cases.

> For the latter if the server is really concerned about the client
> getting the OCSP replies, he can send them in-band anyway using the
> status request extension (and if the server doesn't support this
> extension - as mentioned in the draft - why would it support the new one?)

Exactly, the server will do that.

> On 05/28/2013 07:11 PM, Ben Wilson wrote:
> What is the actual problem the TLS extension on this draft solves?

The problem is that every web browser and client will happily continue
on without revocation information if it is given an x.509 certificate
in a TLS handshake.  By placing a flag in the certificate, the clients
who recognize the flag will know they should not (MUST NOT?) continue
without revocation information.  If clients were to flip that switch
for every single certificate it saw - vast swathes of HTTPS site would
not work.  So clients will not do it.  But this flag is a way for a
site to signal to a client that it does not want to be bug-compatible
with the rest of the Internet, and wants to hold itself to the correct
standard.  An opt-in mechanism.  And clients can flip that switch and
hold sites to a higher standard if it is an opt-in mechanism.

-tom

From simon@josefsson.org  Thu May 30 14:31:28 2013
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From: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
To: mrex@sap.com (Martin Rex)
References: <CAK=bVC8EZCCpG4+kzYUk+i5a_=Nh4AEGkuFJEC45cBSLLdnoTg@mail.gmail.com> <20130521134742.4B1371A759@ld9781.wdf.sap.corp>
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Date: Thu, 30 May 2013 23:30:58 +0200
In-Reply-To: <20130521134742.4B1371A759@ld9781.wdf.sap.corp> (Martin Rex's message of "Tue, 21 May 2013 15:47:42 +0200 (CEST)")
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS1.2 vs TLS1.0
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mrex@sap.com (Martin Rex) writes:

>> Is it absolutely discouraged to use them?
>
> Just the opposite.  TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 are still perfectly fine for use,

I believe a statement like that should be qualified a bit: it is
_possible_ to implement TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 securely, but if you only
follow RFC 2246 and RFC 4346 you will run into issues.

Thus, for an external organisation wishing to reference a document
describing secure implementation and use of TLS, I would say that
referencing TLSv1.2 and requiring a AEAD mode is the only safe approach
today.

One alternative would be to reference TLSv1.0 and/or TLSv1.1 and also to
reference all published attacks (e.g., CBC and compression) which
usually contains a recommendation for implementers.

Another alternative is for this WG to take on revising the TLSv1.0 and
TLSv1.1 documents to recommend what is necessary in order to end up with
a secure TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 implementation.  Is there any interest in
this?

/Simon
