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From: "Lewis, Nick" <nick.lewis@usa.g4s.com>
To: "'tls@ietf.org'" <tls@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2013 10:02:57 +0100
Thread-Topic: Re: [TLS] Requesting feedback on TACK draft
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Requesting feedback on TACK draft
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>While people are looking at that, there's also the encrypt-then-MAC draft,

>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gutmann-tls-encrypt-then-mac-03.=
txt,

>which has been stable for about as long, has already been deployed by seve=
ral vendors,

>and for which TLS extension 0x10 has been de facto claimed,

>so it'd be good to get this published to legitimise the use

>(and to document what's already being deployed in production).

As I recall there were three proposals for resolving the padding bug in TLS


1.       An extension for Pad First (i.e. padding before an otherwise stand=
ard TLS mode of operation)

2.       An extension for Encrypt-then-MAC (i.e. this draft)

3.       The replacement of each existing cipher suite with an equivalent A=
EAD one

Was any consensus achieved as to the best approach?

-- Nick


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<p class=3D"MsoPlainText">&gt;While people are looking at that, there's als=
o the encrypt-then-MAC draft,
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText">&gt;<a href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-draft=
s/draft-gutmann-tls-encrypt-then-mac-03.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-d=
rafts/draft-gutmann-tls-encrypt-then-mac-03.txt</a>,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText">&gt;which has been stable for about as long, has =
already been deployed by several vendors,
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText">&gt;and for which TLS extension 0x10 has been de =
facto claimed,
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText">&gt;so it'd be good to get this published to legi=
timise the use
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoPlainText">&gt;(and to document what's already being deploye=
d in production).&nbsp;
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">As I recall there were three proposals for resolving=
 the padding bug in TLS<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoListParagraph" style=3D"text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 leve=
l1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style=3D"mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style=
=3D"font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;
</span></span><![endif]>An extension for Pad First (i.e. padding before an =
otherwise standard TLS mode of operation)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoListParagraph" style=3D"text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 leve=
l1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style=3D"mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style=
=3D"font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;
</span></span><![endif]>An extension for Encrypt-then-MAC (i.e. this draft)=
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoListParagraph" style=3D"text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 leve=
l1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style=3D"mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style=
=3D"font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;
</span></span><![endif]>The replacement of each existing cipher suite with =
an equivalent AEAD one<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Was any consensus achieved as to the best approach?<=
o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">-- Nick<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
<br>
<hr>
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From: Andrei Popov <Andrei.Popov@microsoft.com>
To: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>, "tls@ietf.org list" <tls@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01
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Hi Yoav,

Thanks for reviewing the draft.

Regarding the preference order of the protocol IDs, the language was intend=
ed to indicate that most of the time it makes sense for the server to choos=
e according to the server's preferences; however an implementation may have=
 valid reasons to ignore this and go with the client's order of preference =
(that's why SHOULD is used). We can change the wording, if this is not clea=
r.

As for returning the protocol selection response, the idea is that an exten=
sion is optional, and can be ignored (e.g. when disabled, or for some imple=
mentation-specific reasons). I would rather retain this flexibility and kee=
p MAY.

The current draft makes a distinction between IANA-registered protocol IDs =
and those not registered by IANA. The latter can be used privately, for exp=
erimentation, etc. We can devise a more elaborate namespace scheme if there=
 is consensus in the WG that this would be desirable. Personally, I would r=
ather keep it simple.

"hide" protocol ID seems to defeat the very purpose of hiding:). Those who =
are interested in hiding the negotiated protocol, usually don't want the in=
termediaries to be able to treat different protocols differently. E.g. prox=
ies could easily filter out traffic which includes "hide" protocol ID.

Does it make sense to include a protocol list in the renegotiation handshak=
e? I believe it is possible that one would want to renegotiate to a differe=
nt application protocol.

Thanks,

Andrei

-----Original Message-----
From: tls-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Yoav =
Nir
Sent: Tuesday, June 25, 2013 12:33 AM
To: tls@ietf.org list
Subject: [TLS] Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01

Hi

I have read the draft, and think it is in good shape. There are some quibbl=
es, however.

Section 3.1 says:=20
  "ProtocolNameList" contains the list of protocols advertised by the
  client, in descending order of preference.
But section 3.2 says:=20
  It is expected that a server will have a list of protocols that it
  supports, in preference order, and will only select a protocol if the
  client supports it.  In that case, the server SHOULD select the most
  highly preferred protocol it supports which is also advertised by the
  client.

It's not clear to me why the order of preference of the client makes any di=
fference if the server chooses a protocol based on its own order of prefere=
nce. I would remove that last sentence, and leave it up to the implementati=
on whether it enforces its own order of preference (select the most preferr=
ed protocol that appears anywhere on the client's list) or the clients' (se=
lect the first protocol advertised by the client that you also support).


Section 3.1 has this rather confusing paragraph:
  Servers that receive a client hello containing the
  "application_layer_protocol_negotiation" extension, MAY return a
  suitable protocol selection response to the client.  The server will
  ignore any protocol name that it does not recognize.  A new
  ServerHello extension type
  ("application_layer_protocol_negotiation(16)") MAY be returned to the
  client within the extended ServerHello message.  The "extension_data"
  field of the ("application_layer_protocol_negotiation(16)") extension
  SHALL be structured the same as described above for the client
  "extension_data", except that the "ProtocolNameList" MUST contain
  exactly one "ProtocolName".

First, ClientHello and ServerHello extensions are pretty much the same (yes=
, I know the formatting sometimes changes), so there's no need to talk abou=
t "a new ServerHello extension type". Also, I can't figure out the MAY here=
. Not returning a response says that the server does not support this exten=
sion. A server compliant with this specification MUST send a response (or e=
lse a no_application_protocol alert). How about rewriting this as follows:

  Compliant servers that receive a client hello containing the
  "application_layer_protocol_negotiation" extension, MUST return a
  suitable protocol selection response to the client.  The server MUST
  ignore any protocol name that it does not recognize.  A=20
  ("application_layer_protocol_negotiation(16)") extension MUST be=20
  returned to the client within the ServerHello message.  The=20
  "extension_data" field of the extension is structured the same as=20
  described above for the client "extension_data", except that the=20
  "ProtocolNameList" MUST contain exactly one "ProtocolName".



Section 3.1 also has this:
  Experimental protocol names, which are not registered by IANA, will
  start with the following sequence of bytes: 0x65, 0x78, 0x70 ("exp").
And this is repeated in section 4:
  A namespace will be assigned for experimental protocols, comprising
  byte strings which start with the following sequence of bytes: 0x65,
  0x78, 0x70 ("exp").  Assignments in this namespace do not need IANA
  registration.

I suggest a somewhat different namespace allocation:
 * Names that begin with "X-" (0x58,0x2D) are experiments, like "X-spdy/4"
 * Names that begin with "P-" (0x50,0x2D) are private, and shall have an or=
ganizational identifier, plus a protocol, like "P-MSFT-SSTP" or "P-CHKP-SNX=
"
 * Names that begin with "D-" (0x44,0x2D) denote drafts, and the rest of th=
e byte string has the draft title minus the "draft" qualifier, for example =
"D-ietf-httpbis-http2-03". Since a slash (0x2F) is never part of the docume=
nt name, a document that defines >1 protocols may add a slash and an intern=
ally-meaningful string, such as "D-ietf-httpbis-http2-03/no-header-compress=
ion"
 * IANA shall not assign any byte strings where the second byte is 0x2D. Su=
ch byte strings are reserved.



Section 4 says:
  Finally, by managing protocol selection in the clear as part of the
  handshake, ALPN avoids introducing false confidence with respect to
  the the ability to hide the negotiated protocol in advance of
  establishing the connection.  If hiding the protocol is required,
  then renegotiation after connection establishment, which would
  provide true TLS security guarantees, would be a preferred
  methodology.

How about making this more explicit. Add a special protocol called "hide", =
and have the client propose just that. They could even be using an anon-dh =
ciphersuite for that handshake. If "hide" is selected, no application data =
is tolerated within it, and the client MUST immediately renegotiate with a =
proper list of protocols.=20

If both of my previous suggestions are accepted, I would change the initial=
 registry to contain just "http/1.1" and "hide" for starters, as the spdy e=
xperiment can be accommodated by "X-" prefix, and the draft versions of HTT=
P/2.0 can be accommodated by "D-" prefix.



Finally, the end of section 3.1 says this:
  Unlike many other TLS extensions, this extension does not establish
  properties of the session, only of the connection.  When session
  resumption or session tickets [RFC5077] are used, the previous
  contents of this extension are irrelevant and only the values in the
  new handshake messages are considered.

This does not mention renegotiation. Suppose we are already running applica=
tion data, and the client initiates a renegotiation. Makes no difference if=
 this is of its own accord or because of a HelloRequest sent by the server.=
 Does it make any sense at all to include a protocol list in the renegotiat=
ion handshake?

Yoav




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From ynir@checkpoint.com  Mon Jul  1 23:40:07 2013
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From: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
To: Andrei Popov <Andrei.Popov@microsoft.com>
Thread-Topic: Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01
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Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2013 06:39:49 +0000
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01
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Hi Andrei.

Inline.

On Jul 2, 2013, at 2:30 AM, Andrei Popov <Andrei.Popov@microsoft.com> wrote=
:

> Hi Yoav,
>=20
> Thanks for reviewing the draft.
>=20
> Regarding the preference order of the protocol IDs, the language was inte=
nded to indicate that most of the time it makes sense for the server to cho=
ose according to the server's preferences; however an implementation may ha=
ve valid reasons to ignore this and go with the client's order of preferenc=
e (that's why SHOULD is used). We can change the wording, if this is not cl=
ear.
>=20
> As for returning the protocol selection response, the idea is that an ext=
ension is optional, and can be ignored (e.g. when disabled, or for some imp=
lementation-specific reasons). I would rather retain this flexibility and k=
eep MAY.

I know some documents specify behavior of implementations that have turned =
off the feature. But I believe an implementation with the feature disabled =
is not bound by the RFC. So as long as you support ALPN, you MUST reply.

> The current draft makes a distinction between IANA-registered protocol ID=
s and those not registered by IANA. The latter can be used privately, for e=
xperimentation, etc. We can devise a more elaborate namespace scheme if the=
re is consensus in the WG that this would be desirable. Personally, I would=
 rather keep it simple.

I like the idea to have private space in addition to experimental space. Le=
t's raise this issue in Berlin (and here)

> "hide" protocol ID seems to defeat the very purpose of hiding:). Those wh=
o are interested in hiding the negotiated protocol, usually don't want the =
intermediaries to be able to treat different protocols differently. E.g. pr=
oxies could easily filter out traffic which includes "hide" protocol ID.

Doing an immediate renegotiation is as obvious a "tell" as a "hide" protoco=
l. But there are many more fields that people would like to hide besides pr=
otocol. In fact, protocol is unlikely to be the secret information. Hiding =
a client certificate (that might have a user name) is a higher priority. We=
 can't really hide the fact that we *are* hiding a user identity. But we ca=
n hide the identity itself, and I think that's a worthy thing to have.

> Does it make sense to include a protocol list in the renegotiation handsh=
ake? I believe it is possible that one would want to renegotiate to a diffe=
rent application protocol.

Renegotiation is supposed to be done to replace encryption keys, and it can=
 be done unbeknownst to the application layer (which was the basis for the =
famous vulnerability from 2009). So negotiating a new protocol would be wei=
rd.


> Thanks,
>=20
> Andrei

From Andrei.Popov@microsoft.com  Wed Jul  3 14:18:37 2013
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From: Andrei Popov <Andrei.Popov@microsoft.com>
To: Yoav Nir <ynir@checkpoint.com>
Thread-Topic: Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01
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Cc: "tls@ietf.org list" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01
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" So as long as you support ALPN, you MUST reply."
Here's an example: let's say a TLS server supports both ALPN and XPN extens=
ions, each with its own set of application protocols. The server receives b=
oth ALPN and XPN extensions in the ClientHello. The server might find no ma=
tching ALPN protocol ID, but there is still hope that XPN will have a match=
. Or, perhaps the server prefers to use XPN for some reason. In these and s=
imilar situations, it makes sense for the server to ignore ALPN extension a=
nd give XPN a try, without terminating the handshake with a fatal alert. I =
would like the draft to allow this behavior.

Regarding the private namespace, I see no problem adding it if enough peopl=
e want it. Would the protocol IDs in the private namespace not require IANA=
 registration, just like those in the experimental namespace?

Renegotiation is used for multiple purposes, commonly including client auth=
, so I believe it is less revealing than the "hide" protocol ID. More impor=
tantly, what does the "hide" protocol ID achieve that we don't have already=
?

Cheers,

Andrei

-----Original Message-----
From: Yoav Nir [mailto:ynir@checkpoint.com]=20
Sent: Monday, July 1, 2013 11:40 PM
To: Andrei Popov
Cc: tls@ietf.org list
Subject: Re: Some comments about draft-ietf-tls-applayerprotoneg-01

Hi Andrei.

Inline.

On Jul 2, 2013, at 2:30 AM, Andrei Popov <Andrei.Popov@microsoft.com> wrote=
:

> Hi Yoav,
>=20
> Thanks for reviewing the draft.
>=20
> Regarding the preference order of the protocol IDs, the language was inte=
nded to indicate that most of the time it makes sense for the server to cho=
ose according to the server's preferences; however an implementation may ha=
ve valid reasons to ignore this and go with the client's order of preferenc=
e (that's why SHOULD is used). We can change the wording, if this is not cl=
ear.
>=20
> As for returning the protocol selection response, the idea is that an ext=
ension is optional, and can be ignored (e.g. when disabled, or for some imp=
lementation-specific reasons). I would rather retain this flexibility and k=
eep MAY.

I know some documents specify behavior of implementations that have turned =
off the feature. But I believe an implementation with the feature disabled =
is not bound by the RFC. So as long as you support ALPN, you MUST reply.

> The current draft makes a distinction between IANA-registered protocol ID=
s and those not registered by IANA. The latter can be used privately, for e=
xperimentation, etc. We can devise a more elaborate namespace scheme if the=
re is consensus in the WG that this would be desirable. Personally, I would=
 rather keep it simple.

I like the idea to have private space in addition to experimental space. Le=
t's raise this issue in Berlin (and here)

> "hide" protocol ID seems to defeat the very purpose of hiding:). Those wh=
o are interested in hiding the negotiated protocol, usually don't want the =
intermediaries to be able to treat different protocols differently. E.g. pr=
oxies could easily filter out traffic which includes "hide" protocol ID.

Doing an immediate renegotiation is as obvious a "tell" as a "hide" protoco=
l. But there are many more fields that people would like to hide besides pr=
otocol. In fact, protocol is unlikely to be the secret information. Hiding =
a client certificate (that might have a user name) is a higher priority. We=
 can't really hide the fact that we *are* hiding a user identity. But we ca=
n hide the identity itself, and I think that's a worthy thing to have.

> Does it make sense to include a protocol list in the renegotiation handsh=
ake? I believe it is possible that one would want to renegotiate to a diffe=
rent application protocol.

Renegotiation is supposed to be done to replace encryption keys, and it can=
 be done unbeknownst to the application layer (which was the basis for the =
famous vulnerability from 2009). So negotiating a new protocol would be wei=
rd.


> Thanks,
>=20
> Andrei




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From: Paras Shah <Paras.Shah@riverbed.com>
To: "OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student)" <omh1835@rit.edu>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair
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Date: Tue, 25 Jun 2013 19:35:12 +0000
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References: <CALxQUYGdagDHr+A4EKN5qPD1jZG+dH8PHwb0-fKJVUN_vC1MSg@mail.gmail.com> <2A0EFB9C05D0164E98F19BB0AF3708C711B251EE97@USMBX1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <CALxQUYGpcKPOAoZ8J56AoUGx8B3JhdmMche8MdQuqD_S=Y22ZQ@mail.gmail.com> <2A0EFB9C05D0164E98F19BB0AF3708C711B251EF0E@USMBX1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <CALxQUYF1=oFBk=WZFoey+28j7MV7YvSkAD-YzJSeQ0Dp7uXmEA@mail.gmail.com> <2A0EFB9C05D0164E98F19BB0AF3708C711B251EFFF@USMBX1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <CALxQUYH-4HR7sO2jfxQnbro6+xM5hD_hdW-K_a-Esd9yiZ+oug@mail.gmail.com> <2A0EFB9C05D0164E98F19BB0AF3708C711B251F1E5@USMBX1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <CALxQUYEeLRxGz=_CO8pMYc4u2rm8u+u6fTiYH_3UMev-pNFC4g@mail.gmail.com> <CALxQUYF_ekkkGuhQdK7mJFJj5HcHJybXJYyvKZ721Qz_k_Td5w@mail.gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair
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>If  someone pretended to be Facebook, he will receive a public key and a s=
igned message. The attacker cannot use this information to log into Faceboo=
k, because the signed message contains the current >server's time stamp, so=
 it's valid only for a few seconds.

That is the issue right there. If the attacker was masquerading as Facebook=
, he would get the user's public key, signed message, username. The attacke=
r, can then choose a session key _of his choice_, encrypt with public key o=
f user and send it back. Thereafter, the user is communicating with the att=
acker instead of the real Facebook server.

Besides, even the very 1st time, how do you know that the user is communica=
ting with Facebook for real to get the server's current timestamp for examp=
le.

Paras Shah,
SSL Security Engineer,
Riverbed Technology.

From: tls-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of OMAR =
HASSAN (RIT Student)
Sent: Tuesday, June 25, 2013 12:07 PM
Cc: tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair

Hi Uri,

May be I am still not able to clear my point regarding the man in the middl=
e attack.

When the user provides the credential information, he will not provide it t=
o the Facebook log in page, instead he will go to the menu bar in his brows=
er, and run the new plugin which has two tabs: one for log in; and the othe=
r for enrollment, and in the plugin interface the user will provide his cre=
dential information.

The key pair will be generated inside the browser's plugin, and only the si=
gned message, and the username will go to Facebook, no passwords will leave=
 the user's browser. When the server receive the username and the signed me=
ssage, it will send the session key encrypted with the user's public key.

If  someone pretended to be Facebook, he will receive a public key and a si=
gned message. The attacker cannot use this information to log into Facebook=
, because the signed message contains the current server's time stamp, so i=
t's valid only for a few seconds.

And even if the attacker sends the signed message and the username to the s=
erver, and the server accepted them, the next step is that the server will =
respond with the session key encrypted with the user's public key. How the =
attacker will read the public key if he doesn't have the private key, the p=
rivate key that didn't leave the user's browser.

On Tue, Jun 25, 2013 at 7:55 PM, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) <omh1835@rit.edu=
<mailto:omh1835@rit.edu>> wrote:
Hi All

>Stephan:

>How you made sure that the user (client) is connected with the intended se=
rver?
>Paras Shah:

>That is exactly the question I had. How is Server Authentication done with=
 this approach?
>Rich:

>I don't see anything in your system that prevents this, either.  It seems =
that replacing your system with self-signed client >certificates would be e=
quivalent.
>Robert:
>As the proposal has no server authentication, it is surely broken in that =
respect i.e. the client could be lured to any bogus >website masquerading a=
s a legitimate one. How would the client know?

I would explain How is Server Authentication done with a practical example.=
 Let's name facebook as our website that we need to protect using that new =
protocol.

When I go to facebook, I would receive a browser message telling me: "Pleas=
e use the UDKP protected access (Tools->UDKP Protected Access)!"
the user will go to the plugin interface, and provide the username, passwor=
d, password confirmation, the plugin will create a file with random data st=
ream in the user's usb, and then the user will click on the register button=
.

At that point the plugin will create the key pair based on the random file,=
 username, and password. The public key will go to the server with the user=
name and a signed message, and the user will be redirected to the facebook =
registration page to complete his registration.

Now the user profile is created on facebook and associated with the user pu=
blic key.

When the user tries to sign in later into facebook, and if he was deceived =
to sign in into a fake website, the user will go to the browser plugin inte=
rface, and provide the username, password, and select the file from his usb=
. At that point the user will be expecting to see his facebook timeline if =
he is really signing into the real facebook. Note that the user didn't prov=
ide the credential information to the website but to the browser plugin (To=
ols->UDKP Protected Access).

In our case, the fake website will only receive the username, the public ke=
y, and the token (ServerHello.random ) signed with user private key, If the=
 attacker delivered this message to the facebook server, the server will tr=
y to read and validate the token using the user public key. If it succeeds,=
 it will respond with the session key premaster encrypted by the user publi=
c key. Because the user private key did not leave the browser, the attacker=
 will not be able to read the session key and hence will not be able to mon=
itor the traffic.
So if the user was successfully able to see his timeline, he would be sure =
that he is communicating with the real facebook.

>Robert:
>Token =3D enc(ServerHello.random, PrivKey) : The concept of encrypting usi=
ng a private key seems pointless. Don't you mean >signing?

Yes Robert, I mean signing not encrypting. Actually someone told me before =
about that mistake in the previous version, but unfortunately I forgot to c=
orrect it in the new version. Hopefully in the next version it will be corr=
ected. Thank You.

>Juho V=E4h=E4-Herttua:

>The whole security of the system seems to be dependant on the security of =
the "browser plugin" and its key generation and encryption algorithms
I preferred to make the generation of the key pair as a black box, so we ca=
n focus our discussion on the idea itself, so the question is if we have a =
key generation function that can generate key pair securely based on the us=
ername, password, and the file selected, would the idea be a good one.

>What if someone detects this enrollment and sends a new public key for the=
 user before the user has time to fill all the fields? Sounds like a race c=
ondition to me.
The key pair generation is done inside the browser plugin interface, not in=
 the website page, so there is no race condition, the communication with th=
e website will start after the creation of the key pair.


>I don't see how this is different from generating a self signed client cer=
t and verifying it with for example HMAC with username+password+question de=
rived secret. If you already need a custom >browser
>plugin to handle the login, you can put all your custom logic there and us=
e standard TLS for the rest.
You can look at the generated key pair as a client certificate, but I prefe=
rred to make it as a key pair, so this key pair could be generated based on=
 different approaches: security question, file, smart card, hardware token.
Additionally it's not only about custom sign in, it's also about eliminatin=
g the dependence on the CA, so the session key must be encrypted with the u=
ser public key not encrypted with a key that claims to be the server public=
 key.

>Rich:

>It's great that you are trying to improve things; don't get discouraged, b=
ut this ain't there yet.  And as a first step to replacing all of SSL/TLS? =
 Nope.
I am not discouraged at all, but I am still insisting that the security of =
my traffic to facebook must be the responsibility of me and facebook only, =
and not anyone else. And I am doing my best to achieve that. The discussion=
 is very useful to me, may be after this discussion we can come out with a =
new final solution to this issue.

On Tue, Jun 25, 2013 at 2:29 PM, Salz, Rich <rsalz@akamai.com<mailto:rsalz@=
akamai.com>> wrote:

>  Self signed certificate is very dangerous because the user will not have=
 a way to verify the identity of the certificate owner and he could be a vi=
ctim to a man in the middle attack.

I don't see anything in your system that prevents this, either.  It seems t=
hat replacing your system with self-signed client certificates would be equ=
ivalent.

It's great that you are trying to improve things; don't get discouraged, bu=
t this ain't there yet.  And as a first step to replacing all of SSL/TLS?  =
Nope.

                /r$

--
Principal Security Engineer
Akamai Technology
Cambridge, MA




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<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">&gt;If &nbsp;someone preten=
ded to be Facebook, he will receive a public key and a signed message. The =
attacker cannot use this information to log into Facebook, because
 the signed message contains the current &gt;server's time stamp, so it's v=
alid only for a few seconds.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">That is the issue right t=
here. If the attacker was masquerading as Facebook, he would get the user&#=
8217;s public key, signed message, username. The attacker, can
 then choose a session key _<i>of his choice</i>_, encrypt with public key =
of user and send it back. Thereafter, the user is communicating with the at=
tacker instead of the real Facebook server.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Besides, even the very 1<=
sup>st</sup> time, how do you know that the user is communicating with Face=
book for real to get the server&#8217;s current timestamp for
 example.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Paras Shah,<o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">SSL Security Engineer,
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Riverbed Technology.<o:p>=
</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot=
;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">From:</span></b><span style=3D"font-s=
ize:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"> tls-boun=
ces@ietf.org [mailto:tls-bounces@ietf.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student)<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, June 25, 2013 12:07 PM<br>
<b>Cc:</b> tls@ietf.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Hi&nbsp;<span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:=
&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">Uri,</span><o:p></o=
:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">May be I am still not able =
to clear my point regarding the man in the middle attack.&nbsp;</span><o:p>=
</o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">When the user provides the =
credential information, he will not provide it to the Facebook log in page,=
 instead he will go to the menu bar in his browser, and
 run the new plugin which has two tabs: one for log in; and the other for e=
nrollment, and in the plugin interface the user will provide his credential=
 information.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">The key pair will be genera=
ted inside the browser's plugin, and only the signed message, and the usern=
ame will go to Facebook, no passwords will leave the user's
 browser. When the server receive the username and the signed message, it w=
ill send the session key encrypted with the user's public key.</span><o:p><=
/o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">If &nbsp;someone pretended =
to be Facebook, he will receive a public key and a signed message. The atta=
cker cannot use this information to log into Facebook, because
 the signed message contains the current server's time stamp, so it's valid=
 only for a few seconds.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">And even if the attacker se=
nds the signed message and the username to the server, and the server accep=
ted them, the next step is that the server will respond
 with the session key encrypted with the user's public key. How the attacke=
r will read the public key if he doesn't have the private key, the private =
key that didn't leave the user's browser.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">On Tue, Jun 25, 2013 at 7:55 PM, OMAR HASSAN (RIT St=
udent) &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:omh1835@rit.edu" target=3D"_blank">omh1835@rit=
.edu</a>&gt; wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Hi All<br>
<br>
&gt;Stephan:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
&gt;How you made sure that the user (client) is connected with the intended=
 server?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&gt;Paras Shah:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
&gt;That is exactly the question I had. How is Server Authentication done w=
ith this approach?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&gt;Rich:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
&gt;I don&#8217;t see anything in your system that prevents this, either. &=
nbsp;It seems that replacing your system with self-signed client&nbsp;&gt;c=
ertificates would be equivalent.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&gt;Robert:<br>
&gt;As the proposal has no server authentication, it is surely broken in th=
at respect i.e. the client could be lured to any bogus&nbsp;&gt;website mas=
querading as a legitimate one. How would the client know?<br>
<br>
I would explain&nbsp;How is Server Authentication done&nbsp;with a practica=
l example. Let's name facebook as our website that we need to protect using=
 that new protocol.<br>
<br>
When I go to facebook, I would receive a browser message telling me: &quot;=
Please use the UDKP protected access (Tools-&gt;UDKP Protected Access)!&quo=
t;<br>
the user will go to the plugin interface, and provide the username, passwor=
d, password confirmation, the plugin will create a file with random data st=
ream in the user's usb, and then the user will click on the register button=
.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
At that point the plugin will create the key pair based on the random file,=
 username, and password. The public key will go to the server with the user=
name and a signed message, and the user will be redirected to the facebook =
registration page to complete his
 registration.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
Now the user profile is created on facebook and associated with the user pu=
blic key.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
When the user tries to sign in later into facebook, and if he was deceived =
to sign in into a fake website, the user will go to the browser plugin inte=
rface, and provide the username, password, and select the file from his usb=
. At that point the user will be
 expecting to see his facebook timeline if he is really signing into the re=
al facebook. Note that the user didn't provide the credential information t=
o the website but to the browser plugin (Tools-&gt;UDKP Protected Access).<=
o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
In our case, the fake website will only receive the username, the public ke=
y, and the token (ServerHello.random ) signed with user private key,&nbsp;I=
f the attacker delivered this message to the facebook server, the&nbsp;serv=
er will try to read and validate the token
 using the user public key. If it succeeds, it&nbsp;will respond with the s=
ession key premaster encrypted by the user public key. Because&nbsp;the use=
r private key did not leave the browser, the attacker will not be able to r=
ead the&nbsp;session key and hence will not be
 able to monitor the traffic.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">So if the user was successfully able to see his time=
line, he would be sure that he is communicating with the real facebook.<br>
<br>
&gt;Robert:<br>
&gt;Token =3D enc(ServerHello.random, PrivKey) : The concept of encrypting =
using a private key seems pointless. Don't you mean &gt;signing?<br>
<br>
Yes Robert, I mean signing not&nbsp;encrypting.&nbsp;Actually someone told =
me before about that mistake in the previous version, but unfortunately I f=
orgot to correct it in the new version. Hopefully in the next version it wi=
ll be corrected. Thank You.<br>
<br>
&gt;Juho V=E4h=E4-Herttua:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
&gt;The whole security of the system seems to be dependant on the security =
of the &quot;browser plugin&quot; and its key generation and encryption alg=
orithms<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">I preferred to make the generation of the key pair a=
s a black box, so we can focus our discussion on the idea itself, so the qu=
estion is if we have a key generation function that can generate key pair s=
ecurely based on the username, password,
 and the file selected, would the idea be a good one.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
&gt;What if someone detects this enrollment and sends a new public key for =
the user before the user has time to fill all the fields? Sounds like a rac=
e condition to me.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">The key pair generation is done inside the browser p=
lugin interface, not in the website page, so there is no race condition, th=
e communication with the website will start after the creation of the key p=
air.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
&gt;I don't see how this is different from generating a self signed client =
cert and verifying it with for example HMAC with username&#43;password&#43;=
question derived secret. If you already need a custom &gt;browser&nbsp;<o:p=
></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt">&gt;plugin to handle =
the login, you can put all your custom logic there and use standard TLS for=
 the rest.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt">You can look at the g=
enerated key pair as a client certificate, but I preferred to make it as a =
key pair, so this key pair could be generated based on different approaches=
: security question, file, smart card,
 hardware token.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Additionally it's not only about custom sign in, it'=
s also about eliminating the dependence on the CA, so the session key must =
be encrypted with the user public key not encrypted with a key that claims =
to be the server public key.<br>
<br>
&gt;Rich:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
&gt;It&#8217;s great that you are trying to improve things; don&#8217;t get=
 discouraged, but this ain&#8217;t there yet.&nbsp; And as a first step to =
replacing all of SSL/TLS?&nbsp; Nope.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">I am not discouraged at all, but I am still insistin=
g that the security of my traffic to facebook must be the responsibility of=
 me and facebook only, and not anyone else. And I am doing my best to achie=
ve that. The discussion is very useful
 to me, may be after this discussion we can come out with a new final&nbsp;=
solution&nbsp;to this issue.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">On Tue, Jun 25, 2013 at 2:29 PM, Salz, Rich &lt;<a h=
ref=3D"mailto:rsalz@akamai.com" target=3D"_blank">rsalz@akamai.com</a>&gt; =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p><span style=3D"font-family:Wingdings">=D8</span><span style=3D"font-size=
:7.0pt">&nbsp; </span>
Self signed certificate is very dangerous because the user will not have a =
way to verify the identity of the certificate owner and he could be a victi=
m to a man in the middle attack.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">I don&#8217;t see anything in your syst=
em that prevents this, either.&nbsp; It seems that replacing your system
 with self-signed client certificates would be equivalent.</span><o:p></o:p=
></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">It&#8217;s great that you are trying to=
 improve things; don&#8217;t get discouraged, but this ain&#8217;t there ye=
t.&nbsp;
 And as a first step to replacing all of SSL/TLS?&nbsp; Nope.</span><o:p></=
o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /r$</span><o:p></o:p></=
p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">--&nbsp;
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Principal Security Engineer</span><o:p>=
</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Akamai Technology</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Cambridge, MA</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a=
lt:auto"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&q=
uot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

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Jeff, thanks so much for your comments. I'll address all the typos/wording
changes etc. in a new draft. Below my answers to your high-level comments.

On Tue, Apr 30, 2013 at 5:11 PM, =JeffH <Jeff.Hodges@kingsmountain.com>wrote:

> [ for best results use a fixed-pitch font ]
>
> Here's some comments on draft-balfanz-tls-channelid, I hope they're
> helpful.
>
> =JeffH
> ------
>
> High-level comments:
>
> 1. EncryptedExtensions modification to the TLS handshake ought to be split
> out into a separate spec.
>
> 2. What are the ramifications if the TLS WG does not adopt an
> EncryptedExtensions mechanism?  I.e., what are the downsides to the
> "channel id" being publicly exposed, i.e., the security ones as well as the
> privacy implications?
>

I don't believe there should be security implications, but I feel fairly
strongly - for privacy reasons - that the channel id message belongs in the
encrypted part of the handshake. Whether or not that's riding on top of the
EncryptedExtension mechanism (which indeed has been discussed separately)
is something that I'm happy to discuss. I'm planning to go to IETF 87 in
Berlin. Maybe we can discuss there?


> 3. In my view, this spec defines how a TLS client generates and
> subsequently wields a unique client identifier/key with a particular TLS
> server over multiple TLS connections (in parallel and serially). Thus it is
> more about creating a "security association" between the client and server
> (eg, see definitions for the latter, as well as "channel", in RFC4949).
> Thus I would not use the term "channel" for this mechanism. Also, TLS unto
> itself is creating a cryptographic channel between client and server and
> thus using the channel term for this mech seems ripe for confusion.  This
> comment implies some re-writing of the introduction (I've made some modest
> suggestions below).  Perhaps "TLS Security Association ID" (TLS-SAIDs) ?
>

I'm using "channel" in the sense of formal access control logics, for
example as it's used here:
http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/gdp/publications/Calculus_for_Access_Control.pdf(I
don't know what newfangled nomenclature people have introduced in
RFC4949 - can I cite historical precedence? :-)

A channel is something through with a principal can send messages. When you
receive a message, you can tell which channel it has come through. In this
sense, a cryptographic key (that signs messages) becomes a "channel". Yes,
a TLS connection is a channel, but so is the client key we're using here.
The former is a more short-lived channel, the latter is longer-lived. I
think RFC5929 uses "channel" in this sense, too, since it views the
server's keys as a channel (at least for the tls-server-end-point binding
type).


> 4. The lifecycle for the unique client identifier (aka "channel id") ought
> to be more fully discussed/specified in main portion of the spec. Presently
> it's sprinkled in the introduction and the privacy considerations.
>

Ok - I see how it currently reads and will try to make improvements. We
have actually moved in Chrome to not expiring the keys automatically
(although the user can still rotate them through the UI).


>
> 5. There would seem to be considerations for applications in terms of
> reliance on the persistence of a given "channel id" and provisions for the
> "channel id" changing or disappearing, e.g. if an app leverages "channel
> id" to bind long-lived app-layer objects (eg cookies) to the TLS client,
> and these implications/issues should be discussed.
>

Ok - I'll try and add something for that.


> 6. This mechanism should be compared/contrasted with TLS Channel Binding
> RFC5929. They don't appear to be mutually exclusive on first thought. What
> are the semantics if they are both employed by an application?  For what
> might one employ one or the other or both concurrently?
>

In my view this is simply another binding type that could be added to
RFC5929. In RFC5929, there is already a tls-server-end-point binding type
that is simply the hash of the server cert. A channel-id-binding-type could
be defined as the dual of that for the client side. But just as the TLS
spec - not RFC5929 - explains how a server cert is "glued" to a TLS
connection (i.e., only someone possessing the corresponding private key can
"wield" the server cert), we need a different spec - this one, not RFC 5929
- that explains how the channel id keys are "glued" to a TLS connection.
These can all co-exist.

7. This is a "trust on first use (TOFU)" mechanism. This should be
> mentioned/discussed explicitly.
>

It doesn't have to be a TOFU mechanism. I can imagine other protocols that
introduce the channel id in a secure manner to the server. See, e.g.,
http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~aczeskis/research/pubs/czeskis-phoneauth-ccs12.pdf

Dirk.


>
>
> Detailed comments/questions:
>
> > Network Working Group                                         D. Balfanz
> > Internet-Draft                                               R. Hamilton
> > Expires: May 12, 2013                                         Google Inc
> >                                                         November 8, 2012
> >
> >
> >                Transport Layer Security (TLS) Channel IDs
> >                      draft-balfanz-tls-channelid-00
> >
> > Abstract
> >
> >    This document describes a Transport Layer Security (TLS) extension
> >    for identifying client machines at the TLS layer without using bearer
> >    tokens.
> >
> snip
> >
> > Table of Contents
> >
> >    1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
> >    2.  Why not client certificates  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
> >    3.  Requirements Notation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
> >    4.  Channel ID Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
> >    5.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
> >    6.  Privacy Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
> >    7.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
> >    8.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
> >      8.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
> >      8.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
> >    Appendix A.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
> >    Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
> >
> snip
> >
> > 1.  Introduction
> >
> >    Many applications on the Internet use _bearer tokens_ to authenticate
> >    clients to servers.  The most prominent example is the HTTP-based
> >    World Wide Web, which overwhelmingly uses HTTP cookies to
> >    authenticate client requests.  Other examples include OpenID or SAML
> >    assertions, and OAuth tokens.  All these have in common that the
> >    _bearer_ of the HTTP cookie or authentication token is granted access
> >    to a protected resource, regardless of the channel over which the
> >    token is presented, or who presented it.
> >
> >    As a result, an adversary that manages to steal a bearer token from a
> >    client can impersonate that client to services that require the
> >    token.
> >
> >    This document describes a light-weight mechanism for establishing a
> >    _cryptographic channel_ between client and server.
>                     ^^^^^^^                           ^
>                security association        , denoted by an ECC public key.
>
>
> >                                                        A server can
>                                                          ^
>                                                    For example,
>
>
> >    choose to bind authentication tokens to this channel, thus rendering
>                                                   ^^^^^^^
>                                                 association
>
> >    the theft of authentication tokens fruitless - tokens must be sent
> >    over the channel to which they are bound (i.e., by the client to
> >    which they were issued) or else they will be ignored.
>
> suggest..
>
>   ..tokens bound to the security association will be ignored by the
>   if they are not sent by the legitimate client.
>
> >
> >    This document does not prescribe _how_ authentication tokens are
> >    bound to the underlying channel.  Rather, it prescribes how a client
> >    can establish a long-lived channel with a server.
>                                 ^^^^^^^
>                            security association
>
> >                                                         Such a channel
>                                                                ^^^^^^^^^
>                                                           an association
>
> >    persists across HTTP requests, TLS connections, and even multiple TLS
> >    sessions, as long as the same client communicates with the same
> >    server.
> >
> >    The basic idea is that the client proves, during the TLS handshake,
> >    possession of a private key.  The corresponding public key becomes
> >    the "Channel ID" that identifies this TLS connection.  Clients should
> >    re-use the same private/public key pair across subsequent TLS
> >    connections to the same server, thus creating TLS connections that
> >    share the same Channel ID.
> >
> >    Using private/public key pairs to define a channel (as opposed to,
> >    say, an HTTP session cookie) has several advantages: One, the
> >    credential establishing the channel (the private key) is never sent
> >    from client to server, thus removing it from the reach of
> >    eavesdroppers in the network.  Two, clients can choose to implement
> >    cryptographic operations in a secure hardware module, which further
> >    removes the private key from the reach of eavesdroppers residing on
> >    the client itself.
> >
> snip
> >
> > 2.  Why not client certificates
> >
> >    TLS already supports a means of identifying clients without using
> >    bearer tokens: client certificates.  However, a number of problems
> >    with using client certificates motivated the development of an
> >    alternative.
> >
> >    Most importantly, it's not acceptable for a client identifier to be
>
> what are the threats if a long-term, asymmetric-key-based client
> identifier is sent in the clear during TLS handshake?  Is it mostly a
> privacy concern?  Or is it because of anticipated use cases of binding
> app-layer info to the TLS layer?
>
>
>
> >    transmitted in the clear and client certificates in TLS are sent
> >    unencrypted.  Although we could also define a change to the TLS state
> >    machine to move the client certificates under encryption, such
> >    changes eliminate most of the benefits of reusing something that's
> >    already defined.
> >
> >    TLS client certificates are also defined to be part of the session
> >    state.  This turns session resumption secrets into equivalent barer
>                                                                    ^^^^^
>                                                                   bearer
> >    tokens; completely defeating our objectives.
>
> I'm curious here...  RFC5246 Appendix F.1.4. indicates..
>
>    When a connection is established by resuming a session, new
>    ClientHello.random and ServerHello.random values are hashed with the
>    session's master_secret.  Provided that the master_secret has not
>    been compromised and that the secure hash operations used to produce
>    the encryption keys and MAC keys are secure, the connection should be
>    secure and effectively independent from previous connections.
>
> ..so I'm not sure how "session resumption secrets" are "equivalent bearer
> tokens" ?
>
>
>
> >
> >    Client-certificates typically identify a user, while we seek to
> >    identify machines.  Since they are not, conceptually, mutually
> >    exclusive and as only a single client certificate can be provided in
> >    TLS, we don't want to consume that single slot and eliminate the
> >    possibility of also using existing client certificates.
> >
> >    Client certificates are implemented in TLS as X.509 certificates and
> >    we don't wish to require servers to parse arbitrary ASN.1.  ASN.1 is
> >    a complex encoding that has been the source of several security
> >    vulnerabilities in the past and typical TLS servers can currently
> >    avoid doing ASN.1 parsing.
> >
> >    X.509 certificates always include a signature, which would be a self-
> >    signature in this case.  Calculating and transmitting the self-
> >    signature is a waste of computation and network traffic in our use.
> >    Although we could define a null signature algorithm with an empty
> >    signature, such deviations from X.509 eliminate many of the benefits
> >    of reusing something that is already implemented.
> >
> >    Finally, client certificates trigger significant server-side
> >    processing by default and often need to be stored in their entirety
> >    for the duration of the connection.  Since this design is intended to
> >    be widely used, it allows servers to retain only a cryptographic hash
> >    of the client's public key after the handshake completes.
> >
> snip
> >
> > 4.  Channel ID Extension
> >
> >    A new extension type ("channel_id(TBD)") is defined and MAY be
> >    included by the client in its "ClientHello" message.  If, and only
> >    if, the server sees this extension in the "ClientHello", it MAY
> >    choose to echo the extension in its "ServerHello".  In both cases,
> >    the "extension_data" field MUST be empty.
> >
> >    enum {
> >      channel_id(TBD), (65535)
> >    } ExtensionType;
> >
> >    A new handshake message type ("encrypted_extensions(TBD)") is
> >    defined.  If the server included a "channel_id" extension in its
> >    "ServerHello" message, the client MUST verify that the selected
> >    cipher suite is sufficiently strong.  If the cipher suite provides <
> >    80-bits of security, the client MUST abort the handshake with a fatal
> >    "illegal_parameter" alert.  Otherwise, the client MUST send an
> >    "EncryptedExtensions" message after its "ChangeCipherSpec" and before
> >    its "Finished" message.
> >
> >    enum {
> >      encrypted_extensions(TBD), (65535)
> >    } HandshakeType;
> >
> >    Therefore a full handshake with "EncryptedExtensions" has the
> >    following flow (contrast with section 7.3 of RFC 5246 [RFC5246]):
> >
> >    Client                                               Server
> >
> >    ClientHello (ChannelID extension)   -------->
> >                                                    ServerHello
> >                                          (ChannelID extension)
> >                                                   Certificate*
> >                                             ServerKeyExchange*
> >                                            CertificateRequest*
> >                                 <--------      ServerHelloDone
> >    Certificate*
> >    ClientKeyExchange
> >    CertificateVerify*
> >    [ChangeCipherSpec]
> >    EncryptedExtensions
> >    Finished                     -------->
> >                                             [ChangeCipherSpec]
> >                                 <--------             Finished
> >    Application Data             <------->     Application Data
> >
> >    An abbreviated handshake with "EncryptedExtensions" has the following
> >
> >
> >
> > Balfanz & Hamilton        Expires May 12, 2013                  [Page 6]
> >
> > Internet-Draft               TLS Channel ID                November 2012
> >
> >
> >    flow:
> >
> >    Client                                                Server
> >
> >    ClientHello (ChannelID extension)    -------->
> >                                                    ServerHello
> >                                          (ChannelID extension)
> >                                             [ChangeCipherSpec]
> >                                  <--------            Finished
> >    [ChangeCipherSpec]
> >    EncryptedExtensions
> >    Finished                      -------->
> >    Application Data              <------->    Application Data
> >
> >    The "EncryptedExtensions" message contains a series of "Extension"
> >    structures (see section 7.4.1.4 of RFC 5246 [RFC5246]
>
> the below should be separate section...
>
>
> >    If the server included a "channel_id" extension in its "ServerHello"
> >    message, the client MUST include an "Extension" with "extension_type"
>
> suggest..
>
> ..the client MUST include, within the EncryptedExtensions message, an
> "Extension" with "extension_type"...
>
>
>
>
> >    equal to "channel_id(TBD)".  The "extension_data" of which has the
> >    following format:
> >
> >    struct {
> >      opaque x[32];
> >      opaque y[32];
> >      opaque r[32];
> >      opaque s[32];
> >    } ChannelIDExtension;
> >
> >    The contents of each of "x", "y", "r" and "s" is a 32-byte, big-
> >    endian number.  The "x" and "y" fields contain the affine coordinates
> >    of a P-256 [DSS] curve point.
>
> you mean that the "x" and "y" fields (of the ChannelIDExtension struct)
> contain the  affine coordinates of a P-256 [DSS] curve point comprising an
> ECC public key "Q" ?
>
> [ where Q = dG, d = ECC private key, G is the curve base point, and other
> elliptic curve "domain parameters" are as given in [DSS] for curve P-256,
> and the key pair is generated according to appendix B.4 in [DSS] aka
> FIPS-186-3 ? ]
>
> So Q = (x,y) is the "channel id" per se ?  It should be made explicit.
>
>
> What's the lifecycle management of this identifier (ie "Q")?  Is the TLS
> server (or the server-side app running on top of it) to remember this
> identifier?  Is it to be mapped to other client-side identifying
> information eg IP address, user data (eg account name), etc ?   Even though
> this I-D is just specifying the identifier and proof-of-possession
> mechanism (aka "holder of key"), some modest discussion of example use
> cases (beyond the mention of binding to "authentication tokens" that
> appears in the Introduction) would be helpful.
>
> Presumably the TLS client stores this identifier keyed by TLS server
> domain name and re-uses it in future TLS connections to that server (the
> "storage model" needs to be discussed/specified)?  When might a TLS client
> change an established identifier?
>
>
> (Some mention of these lifecycle items is given in the PrivCons section
> below)
>
> Is it to be remembered on first use?  Is it to be updated in the
> server-side store upon it changing?  What are this identifier's overall
> semantics?
>
>
>
> >    The "r" and "s" fields contain an
> >    ECDSA [DSS] signature by the corresponding private key of "TLS
> >    Channel ID signature\x00"
>
> suggest..
>
>
>   The "r" and "s" fields contain an ECDSA [DSS] signature by the
>   corresponding private key over this US-ASCII string (not including
>   quotes, and where "\x00" represents an octet containing all zero bits):
>
>       "TLS Channel ID signature\x00"
>
>
> ..although we should probably use ABNF (or the RFC5246 notation) to define
> this string and its concatenation with the handshake message hashes.
>
>
> >                            followed by the handshake hash(es) prior to
> >    the "EncryptedExtensions" message.
>
> hashes of both the client-sent and server-sent handshake messages, as seen
> by the client?
>
>
>
> >
> >    Unlike many other TLS extensions, this extension does not establish
> >    properties of the session, only of the connection.  When session
> >    resumption or session tickets [RFC5077] are used, the previous
> >    contents of this extension are irrelevant and only the values in the
> >    new handshake messages are considered.
>
> but presumably the same (long-lived?) TLS client identifier Q = (x,y)
>  used and only (r,s) are different ?
>
> Or are new values for all of {x,y,r,s} calculated?  [ "no" is implied by
> the Introduction and Priv. Cons. ]
>
>
>
>
> > 5.  Security Considerations
> >
> >    There are four classes of attackers against which we consider our
> >    security guarantees: passive network attackers, active network
> >    attackers, active network attackers with misissued certificates and
> >    attackers in possession of the legitimate server's private key.
> >
> >    First, we wish to guarantee that we don't disclose the Channel ID to
> >    passive or active network attackers.
>
> why?  simply for privacy reasons?
>
> Or is the main concern that the "channel id" will be used by app layers,
> eg in HTTP cookies, in order to bind objects to a particular TLS
> client-server pair, and thus the "channel id" should be protected as a
> secret?
>
> If the "channel id" is simply included in cookies, and those cookies are
> leaked in the clear (which is not uncommon for a variety of reasons), then
> the "channel id" will potentially be divulged in any case.
>
> Since the channel id is a public key, the server could include some nonce,
> encrypted by the channel id key, in messages to the client, the client
> could decrypt it, then encrypt the nonce with its private key, and include
> that on messages back to the server, which the server could decrypt with
> the client's public key and verify. doing something like that could help
> keep the channel id itself out of these messages and their potentially
> leaky components (such as cookies)
>
> if servers who rely upon the Channel ID always do so with a corresponding
> proof-of-possession of the private key on the part of the TLS client (and
> they perform the requisite checks), then what are the security (as opposed
> to privacy) issues if the Channel ID is observable by others?  I suppose it
> depends on the app-layer use cases employing the "channel id".
>
>
> >    We do this by sending a
> >    constant-length Channel ID under encryption.  However, since the
> >    Channel ID may be transmitted before the server's Finished message is
> >    received, it's possible that the server isn't in possession of the
> >    certificate that it presented.
>
> do you mean in possession of the corresponding private key (to the cert it
> presented) ?
>
>
>
> >                                In this situation, an active attacker
> >    could cause a Channel ID to be transmitted under a random key in a
> >    cipher suite of their choosing.  Therefore we limit the permissible
> >    cipher suites to those where decrypting the message is infeasible.
>
> these TLS cipher suites should be explicitly listed.
>
>
> >
> >    Even with this limit, an active attacker can cause the Channel ID to
> >    be transmitted in a non-forward-secure manner.  Subsequent disclosure
> >    of the server's private key would allow previously recorded Channel
>            ^
>        legitimate
>
>
> >    IDs to be decrypted.
> >
> >    Second, we wish to guarantee that none of the first three attackers
> >    can terminate/hijack a TLS connection and impersonate a Channel ID
> >    from that connection when connecting to the legitimate server.  We
> >    assume that TLS provides sufficient security to prevent a connection
> >    from being hijacked once established by these attackers.
>
> did you mean to say..
>
> We assume that TLS provides sufficient security to prevent these attackers
> from being able to hijack the TLS connection.
>
> ..?
>
>
>
>
> >                                                              An active
> >    attacker with a misissued certificate can successfully terminate the
> >    TLS connection and decrypt the Channel ID.
>
> need a definition and perhaps reference for "mis-issued" cert.
>
>
> >                                              However, as the signature
> >    covers the handshake hashes, and therefore the server's certificate,
> >    it wouldn't be accepted by the true server.
>
> this essentially means that a attacker server with a mis-issued
> certificate cannot act as a real-time TLS proxy between the TLS client and
> legit server, yes?
>
> But otherwise such an attacker could potentially mount an impersonation of
> the legitimate server, yes?
>
> >
> >    Against an attacker with the legitimate server's private key we can
> >    provide the second guarantee only if the legitimate server uses a
> >    forward-secret cipher suite, otherwise the attacker can hijack the
> >    connection.
>
>
> here "connection" means the long-lived "security association" between TLS
> client and legit server, yes?
>
> the known forward-secret TLS cipher suites should perhaps be listed in an
> appendix.
>
>
> >
> snip
> >
> > 6.  Privacy Considerations
> >
> >    The TLS layer does its part in protecting user privacy by
> >    transmitting the Channel ID public key under encryption.  Higher
> >    levels of the stack must ensure that the same Channel ID is not used
> >    with different servers in such a way as to provide a linkable
> >    identifier.  For example, a user-agent must use different Channel IDs
> >    for communicating with different servers.
>
> There's ostensibly privacy implications worth mentioning in that each
> distinct TLS client stack one wields with a particular TLS server will
> generate a distinct "channel id" (TLS-SAID), even if they are "behind" one
> IP address from the server's perspective.
>
> >                                                   User-agents must also
> >    ensure that Channel ID state can be reset by the user in the same way
> >    as other identifiers, i.e. cookies.
>
> Yes, because otherwise this becomes a "super cookie" mech.
>
> This implies dependent app-layers will need to be able to handle
> dynamically changing "channel id" (TLS-SAID)s.
>
>
> >
> >    However, there are some security concerns that could result in the
> >    disclosure of a client's Channel ID to a network attacker.  This is
> >    covered in the Security Considerations section.
> >
> snip
> >
> > 7.  IANA Considerations
> >
> >    This document requires IANA to update its registry of TLS extensions
> >    to assign an entry referred to here as "channel_id".
> >
> >    This document also requires IANA to update its registry of TLS
> >    handshake types to assign an entry referred to here as
> >    "encrypted_extensions".
> >
> snip
> >
> > 8.  References
> >
> > 8.1.  Normative References
> >
> >    [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
> >               Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
> >
> >    [RFC5246]  Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security
> >               (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246, August 2008.
> >
> >    [DSS]      National Institute of Standards and Technology, "FIPS
> >               186-3: Digital Signature Standard".
>                                                   ^
>                                           Issued June, 2009
>
>
> >
> > 8.2.  Informative References
> >
> >    [RFC5077]  Salowey, J., Zhou, H., Eronen, P., and H. Tschofenig,
> >               "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Session Resumption without
> >               Server-Side State", RFC 5077, January 2008.
> >
> >
> <snip/>
>
> ---
> end
>
>
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Jeff, thanks so much for your comments. I&#39;ll address a=
ll the typos/wording changes etc. in a new draft. Below my answers to your =
high-level comments.<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quot=
e">
On Tue, Apr 30, 2013 at 5:11 PM, =3DJeffH <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"=
mailto:Jeff.Hodges@kingsmountain.com" target=3D"_blank">Jeff.Hodges@kingsmo=
untain.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(20=
4,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
[ for best results use a fixed-pitch font ]<br>
<br>
Here&#39;s some comments on draft-balfanz-tls-channelid, I hope they&#39;re=
 helpful.<br>
<br>
=3DJeffH<br>
------<br>
<br>
High-level comments:<br>
<br>
1. EncryptedExtensions modification to the TLS handshake ought to be split =
out into a separate spec.<br>
<br>
2. What are the ramifications if the TLS WG does not adopt an EncryptedExte=
nsions mechanism? =A0I.e., what are the downsides to the &quot;channel id&q=
uot; being publicly exposed, i.e., the security ones as well as the privacy=
 implications?<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don&#39;t believe there should be securi=
ty implications, but I feel fairly strongly - for privacy reasons - that th=
e channel id message belongs in the encrypted part of the handshake. Whethe=
r or not that&#39;s riding on top of the EncryptedExtension mechanism (whic=
h indeed has been discussed separately) is something that I&#39;m happy to =
discuss. I&#39;m planning to go to IETF 87 in Berlin. Maybe we can discuss =
there?</div>
<div>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px=
 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left=
-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">3. In my view, this spec defines how a TLS c=
lient generates and subsequently wields a unique client identifier/key with=
 a particular TLS server over multiple TLS connections (in parallel and ser=
ially). Thus it is more about creating a &quot;security association&quot; b=
etween the client and server (eg, see definitions for the latter, as well a=
s &quot;channel&quot;, in RFC4949). Thus I would not use the term &quot;cha=
nnel&quot; for this mechanism. Also, TLS unto itself is creating a cryptogr=
aphic channel between client and server and thus using the channel term for=
 this mech seems ripe for confusion. =A0This comment implies some re-writin=
g of the introduction (I&#39;ve made some modest suggestions below). =A0Per=
haps &quot;TLS Security Association ID&quot; (TLS-SAIDs) ?<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I&#39;m using &quot;channel&quot; in the s=
ense of formal access control logics, for example as it&#39;s used here:=A0=
<a href=3D"http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/gdp/publications/Calculus_for_Acce=
ss_Control.pdf">http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/gdp/publications/Calculus_for=
_Access_Control.pdf</a> (I don&#39;t know what newfangled nomenclature peop=
le have introduced in RFC4949 - can I cite historical precedence? :-)</div>
<div><br></div><div>A channel is something through with a principal can sen=
d messages. When you receive a message, you can tell which channel it has c=
ome through. In this sense, a cryptographic key (that signs messages) becom=
es a &quot;channel&quot;. Yes, a TLS connection is a channel, but so is the=
 client key we&#39;re using here. The former is a more short-lived channel,=
 the latter is longer-lived. I think RFC5929 uses &quot;channel&quot; in th=
is sense, too, since it views the server&#39;s keys as a channel (at least =
for the=A0<span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:1em">tls-server-end-poi=
nt binding type).</span></div>
<div>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px=
 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left=
-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">4. The lifecycle for the unique client ident=
ifier (aka &quot;channel id&quot;) ought to be more fully discussed/specifi=
ed in main portion of the spec. Presently it&#39;s sprinkled in the introdu=
ction and the privacy considerations.<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Ok - I see how it currently reads and will=
 try to make improvements. We have actually moved in Chrome to not expiring=
 the keys automatically (although the user can still rotate them through th=
e UI).</div>
<div>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px=
 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left=
-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
5. There would seem to be considerations for applications in terms of relia=
nce on the persistence of a given &quot;channel id&quot; and provisions for=
 the &quot;channel id&quot; changing or disappearing, e.g. if an app levera=
ges &quot;channel id&quot; to bind long-lived app-layer objects (eg cookies=
) to the TLS client, and these implications/issues should be discussed.<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Ok - I&#39;ll try and add something for th=
at.</div><div>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0p=
x 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);bo=
rder-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
6. This mechanism should be compared/contrasted with TLS Channel Binding RF=
C5929. They don&#39;t appear to be mutually exclusive on first thought. Wha=
t are the semantics if they are both employed by an application? =A0For wha=
t might one employ one or the other or both concurrently?<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div>In my view this is simply another binding type =
that could be added to RFC5929. In RFC5929, there is already a tls-server-e=
nd-point binding type that is simply the hash of the server cert. A channel=
-id-binding-type could be defined as the dual of that for the client side. =
But just as the TLS spec - not RFC5929 - explains how a server cert is &quo=
t;glued&quot; to a TLS connection (i.e., only someone possessing the corres=
ponding private key can &quot;wield&quot; the server cert), we need a diffe=
rent spec - this one, not RFC 5929 - that explains how the channel id keys =
are &quot;glued&quot; to a TLS connection. These can all co-exist.<div>
<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8=
ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-sty=
le:solid;padding-left:1ex">
7. This is a &quot;trust on first use (TOFU)&quot; mechanism. This should b=
e mentioned/discussed explicitly.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>It do=
esn&#39;t have to be a TOFU mechanism. I can imagine other protocols that i=
ntroduce the channel id in a secure manner to the server. See, e.g.,=A0<a h=
ref=3D"http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~aczeskis/research/pubs/czeskis-phone=
auth-ccs12.pdf">http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~aczeskis/research/pubs/czes=
kis-phoneauth-ccs12.pdf</a></div>
<div>=A0</div><div>Dirk.</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quo=
te" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-col=
or:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
<br>
<br>
Detailed comments/questions:<br>
<br>
&gt; Network Working Group =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 D. Balfanz<br>
&gt; Internet-Draft =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 R. Hamilton<br>
&gt; Expires: May 12, 2013 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Google Inc<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 November 8, 2012<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Transport Layer Security (TLS) Channel =
IDs<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0draft-balfanz-tls-channelid=
-00<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Abstract<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0This document describes a Transport Layer Security (TLS) extens=
ion<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0for identifying client machines at the TLS layer without using =
bearer<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0tokens.<br>
&gt;<br>
snip<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Table of Contents<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A01. =A0Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . =A03<br>
&gt; =A0 =A02. =A0Why not client certificates =A0. . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . =A04<br>
&gt; =A0 =A03. =A0Requirements Notation =A0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . =A05<br>
&gt; =A0 =A04. =A0Channel ID Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . =A06<br>
&gt; =A0 =A05. =A0Security Considerations =A0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . =A08<br>
&gt; =A0 =A06. =A0Privacy Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . =A09<br>
&gt; =A0 =A07. =A0IANA Considerations =A0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . 10<br>
&gt; =A0 =A08. =A0References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . 11<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A08.1. =A0Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . 11<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A08.2. =A0Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . 11<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Appendix A. =A0Acknowledgements =A0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . 12<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Authors&#39; Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
. . . . 13<br>
&gt;<br>
snip<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 1. =A0Introduction<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Many applications on the Internet use _bearer tokens_ to authen=
ticate<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0clients to servers. =A0The most prominent example is the HTTP-b=
ased<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0World Wide Web, which overwhelmingly uses HTTP cookies to<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0authenticate client requests. =A0Other examples include OpenID =
or SAML<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0assertions, and OAuth tokens. =A0All these have in common that =
the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0_bearer_ of the HTTP cookie or authentication token is granted =
access<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0to a protected resource, regardless of the channel over which t=
he<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0token is presented, or who presented it.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0As a result, an adversary that manages to steal a bearer token =
from a<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0client can impersonate that client to services that require the=
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0token.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0This document describes a light-weight mechanism for establishi=
ng a<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0_cryptographic channel_ between client and server.<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 ^^^^^^^ =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 ^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0security association =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0, denote=
d by an ECC public key.<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0A server can<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0For example,<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0choose to bind authentication tokens to this channel, thus rend=
ering<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 ^^^^^^^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 association<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0the theft of authentication tokens fruitless - tokens must be s=
ent<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0over the channel to which they are bound (i.e., by the client t=
o<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0which they were issued) or else they will be ignored.<br>
<br>
suggest..<br>
<br>
=A0 ..tokens bound to the security association will be ignored by the<br>
=A0 if they are not sent by the legitimate client.<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0This document does not prescribe _how_ authentication tokens ar=
e<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0bound to the underlying channel. =A0Rather, it prescribes how a=
 client<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0can establish a long-lived channel with a server.<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 ^^^^^^^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0security association=
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Such a channel<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0^^^^^^^^^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 an association<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0persists across HTTP requests, TLS connections, and even multip=
le TLS<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0sessions, as long as the same client communicates with the same=
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0server.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0The basic idea is that the client proves, during the TLS handsh=
ake,<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0possession of a private key. =A0The corresponding public key be=
comes<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0the &quot;Channel ID&quot; that identifies this TLS connection.=
 =A0Clients should<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0re-use the same private/public key pair across subsequent TLS<b=
r>
&gt; =A0 =A0connections to the same server, thus creating TLS connections t=
hat<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0share the same Channel ID.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Using private/public key pairs to define a channel (as opposed =
to,<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0say, an HTTP session cookie) has several advantages: One, the<b=
r>
&gt; =A0 =A0credential establishing the channel (the private key) is never =
sent<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0from client to server, thus removing it from the reach of<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0eavesdroppers in the network. =A0Two, clients can choose to imp=
lement<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0cryptographic operations in a secure hardware module, which fur=
ther<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0removes the private key from the reach of eavesdroppers residin=
g on<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0the client itself.<br>
&gt;<br>
snip<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 2. =A0Why not client certificates<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0TLS already supports a means of identifying clients without usi=
ng<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0bearer tokens: client certificates. =A0However, a number of pro=
blems<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0with using client certificates motivated the development of an<=
br>
&gt; =A0 =A0alternative.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Most importantly, it&#39;s not acceptable for a client identifi=
er to be<br>
<br>
what are the threats if a long-term, asymmetric-key-based client identifier=
 is sent in the clear during TLS handshake? =A0Is it mostly a privacy conce=
rn? =A0Or is it because of anticipated use cases of binding app-layer info =
to the TLS layer?<br>

<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0transmitted in the clear and client certificates in TLS are sen=
t<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0unencrypted. =A0Although we could also define a change to the T=
LS state<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0machine to move the client certificates under encryption, such<=
br>
&gt; =A0 =A0changes eliminate most of the benefits of reusing something tha=
t&#39;s<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0already defined.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0TLS client certificates are also defined to be part of the sess=
ion<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0state. =A0This turns session resumption secrets into equivalent=
 barer<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0^^^^^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 bearer<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0tokens; completely defeating our objectives.<br>
<br>
I&#39;m curious here... =A0RFC5246 Appendix F.1.4. indicates..<br>
<br>
=A0 =A0When a connection is established by resuming a session, new<br>
=A0 =A0ClientHello.random and ServerHello.random values are hashed with the=
<br>
=A0 =A0session&#39;s master_secret. =A0Provided that the master_secret has =
not<br>
=A0 =A0been compromised and that the secure hash operations used to produce=
<br>
=A0 =A0the encryption keys and MAC keys are secure, the connection should b=
e<br>
=A0 =A0secure and effectively independent from previous connections.<br>
<br>
..so I&#39;m not sure how &quot;session resumption secrets&quot; are &quot;=
equivalent bearer tokens&quot; ?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Client-certificates typically identify a user, while we seek to=
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0identify machines. =A0Since they are not, conceptually, mutuall=
y<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0exclusive and as only a single client certificate can be provid=
ed in<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0TLS, we don&#39;t want to consume that single slot and eliminat=
e the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0possibility of also using existing client certificates.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Client certificates are implemented in TLS as X.509 certificate=
s and<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0we don&#39;t wish to require servers to parse arbitrary ASN.1. =
=A0ASN.1 is<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0a complex encoding that has been the source of several security=
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0vulnerabilities in the past and typical TLS servers can current=
ly<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0avoid doing ASN.1 parsing.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0X.509 certificates always include a signature, which would be a=
 self-<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0signature in this case. =A0Calculating and transmitting the sel=
f-<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0signature is a waste of computation and network traffic in our =
use.<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Although we could define a null signature algorithm with an emp=
ty<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0signature, such deviations from X.509 eliminate many of the ben=
efits<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0of reusing something that is already implemented.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Finally, client certificates trigger significant server-side<br=
>
&gt; =A0 =A0processing by default and often need to be stored in their enti=
rety<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0for the duration of the connection. =A0Since this design is int=
ended to<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0be widely used, it allows servers to retain only a cryptographi=
c hash<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0of the client&#39;s public key after the handshake completes.<b=
r>
&gt;<br>
snip<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 4. =A0Channel ID Extension<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0A new extension type (&quot;channel_id(TBD)&quot;) is defined a=
nd MAY be<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0included by the client in its &quot;ClientHello&quot; message. =
=A0If, and only<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0if, the server sees this extension in the &quot;ClientHello&quo=
t;, it MAY<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0choose to echo the extension in its &quot;ServerHello&quot;. =
=A0In both cases,<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0the &quot;extension_data&quot; field MUST be empty.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0enum {<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0channel_id(TBD), (65535)<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0} ExtensionType;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0A new handshake message type (&quot;encrypted_extensions(TBD)&q=
uot;) is<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0defined. =A0If the server included a &quot;channel_id&quot; ext=
ension in its<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0&quot;ServerHello&quot; message, the client MUST verify that th=
e selected<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0cipher suite is sufficiently strong. =A0If the cipher suite pro=
vides &lt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A080-bits of security, the client MUST abort the handshake with a=
 fatal<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0&quot;illegal_parameter&quot; alert. =A0Otherwise, the client M=
UST send an<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0&quot;EncryptedExtensions&quot; message after its &quot;ChangeC=
ipherSpec&quot; and before<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0its &quot;Finished&quot; message.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0enum {<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0encrypted_extensions(TBD), (65535)<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0} HandshakeType;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Therefore a full handshake with &quot;EncryptedExtensions&quot;=
 has the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0following flow (contrast with section 7.3 of RFC 5246 [RFC5246]=
):<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Client =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Server<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0ClientHello (ChannelID extension) =A0 --------&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0ServerHello<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0(ChannelID extension)<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Certificate*<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 ServerKeyExchange*<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0CertificateRequest*<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 &lt;--=
------ =A0 =A0 =A0ServerHelloDone<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Certificate*<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0ClientKeyExchange<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0CertificateVerify*<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0[ChangeCipherSpec]<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0EncryptedExtensions<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Finished =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 --------&gt;<b=
r>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 [ChangeCipherSpec]<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 &lt;--=
------ =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Finished<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Application Data =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 &lt;-------&gt; =A0 =
=A0 Application Data<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0An abbreviated handshake with &quot;EncryptedExtensions&quot; h=
as the following<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Balfanz &amp; Hamilton =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Expires May 12, 2013 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0[Page 6]<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Internet-Draft =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 TLS Channel ID =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0November 2012<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0flow:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Client =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Server<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0ClientHello (ChannelID extension) =A0 =A0--------&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0ServerHello<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0(ChannelID extension)<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 [ChangeCipherSpec]<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0&lt=
;-------- =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Finished<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0[ChangeCipherSpec]<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0EncryptedExtensions<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Finished =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0--------&gt=
;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Application Data =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0&lt;-------&gt; =A0=
 =A0Application Data<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0The &quot;EncryptedExtensions&quot; message contains a series o=
f &quot;Extension&quot;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0structures (see section 7.4.1.4 of RFC 5246 [RFC5246]<br>
<br>
the below should be separate section...<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0If the server included a &quot;channel_id&quot; extension in it=
s &quot;ServerHello&quot;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0message, the client MUST include an &quot;Extension&quot; with =
&quot;extension_type&quot;<br>
<br>
suggest..<br>
<br>
..the client MUST include, within the EncryptedExtensions message, an &quot=
;Extension&quot; with &quot;extension_type&quot;...<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0equal to &quot;channel_id(TBD)&quot;. =A0The &quot;extension_da=
ta&quot; of which has the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0following format:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0struct {<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0opaque x[32];<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0opaque y[32];<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0opaque r[32];<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0opaque s[32];<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0} ChannelIDExtension;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0The contents of each of &quot;x&quot;, &quot;y&quot;, &quot;r&q=
uot; and &quot;s&quot; is a 32-byte, big-<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0endian number. =A0The &quot;x&quot; and &quot;y&quot; fields co=
ntain the affine coordinates<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0of a P-256 [DSS] curve point.<br>
<br>
you mean that the &quot;x&quot; and &quot;y&quot; fields (of the ChannelIDE=
xtension struct) contain the =A0affine coordinates of a P-256 [DSS] curve p=
oint comprising an ECC public key &quot;Q&quot; ?<br>
<br>
[ where Q =3D dG, d =3D ECC private key, G is the curve base point, and oth=
er elliptic curve &quot;domain parameters&quot; are as given in [DSS] for c=
urve P-256, and the key pair is generated according to appendix B.4 in [DSS=
] aka FIPS-186-3 ? ]<br>

<br>
So Q =3D (x,y) is the &quot;channel id&quot; per se ? =A0It should be made =
explicit.<br>
<br>
<br>
What&#39;s the lifecycle management of this identifier (ie &quot;Q&quot;)? =
=A0Is the TLS server (or the server-side app running on top of it) to remem=
ber this identifier? =A0Is it to be mapped to other client-side identifying=
 information eg IP address, user data (eg account name), etc ? =A0 Even tho=
ugh this I-D is just specifying the identifier and proof-of-possession mech=
anism (aka &quot;holder of key&quot;), some modest discussion of example us=
e cases (beyond the mention of binding to &quot;authentication tokens&quot;=
 that appears in the Introduction) would be helpful.<br>

<br>
Presumably the TLS client stores this identifier keyed by TLS server domain=
 name and re-uses it in future TLS connections to that server (the &quot;st=
orage model&quot; needs to be discussed/specified)? =A0When might a TLS cli=
ent change an established identifier?<br>

<br>
<br>
(Some mention of these lifecycle items is given in the PrivCons section bel=
ow)<br>
<br>
Is it to be remembered on first use? =A0Is it to be updated in the server-s=
ide store upon it changing? =A0What are this identifier&#39;s overall seman=
tics?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0The &quot;r&quot; and &quot;s&quot; fields contain an<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0ECDSA [DSS] signature by the corresponding private key of &quot=
;TLS<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Channel ID signature\x00&quot;<br>
<br>
suggest..<br>
<br>
<br>
=A0 The &quot;r&quot; and &quot;s&quot; fields contain an ECDSA [DSS] signa=
ture by the<br>
=A0 corresponding private key over this US-ASCII string (not including<br>
=A0 quotes, and where &quot;\x00&quot; represents an octet containing all z=
ero bits):<br>
<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 &quot;TLS Channel ID signature\x00&quot;<br>
<br>
<br>
..although we should probably use ABNF (or the RFC5246 notation) to define =
this string and its concatenation with the handshake message hashes.<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0followed by the=
 handshake hash(es) prior to<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0the &quot;EncryptedExtensions&quot; message.<br>
<br>
hashes of both the client-sent and server-sent handshake messages, as seen =
by the client?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Unlike many other TLS extensions, this extension does not estab=
lish<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0properties of the session, only of the connection. =A0When sess=
ion<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0resumption or session tickets [RFC5077] are used, the previous<=
br>
&gt; =A0 =A0contents of this extension are irrelevant and only the values i=
n the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0new handshake messages are considered.<br>
<br>
but presumably the same (long-lived?) TLS client identifier Q =3D (x,y) =A0=
used and only (r,s) are different ?<br>
<br>
Or are new values for all of {x,y,r,s} calculated? =A0[ &quot;no&quot; is i=
mplied by the Introduction and Priv. Cons. ]<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; 5. =A0Security Considerations<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0There are four classes of attackers against which we consider o=
ur<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0security guarantees: passive network attackers, active network<=
br>
&gt; =A0 =A0attackers, active network attackers with misissued certificates=
 and<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0attackers in possession of the legitimate server&#39;s private =
key.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0First, we wish to guarantee that we don&#39;t disclose the Chan=
nel ID to<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0passive or active network attackers.<br>
<br>
why? =A0simply for privacy reasons?<br>
<br>
Or is the main concern that the &quot;channel id&quot; will be used by app =
layers, eg in HTTP cookies, in order to bind objects to a particular TLS cl=
ient-server pair, and thus the &quot;channel id&quot; should be protected a=
s a secret?<br>

<br>
If the &quot;channel id&quot; is simply included in cookies, and those cook=
ies are leaked in the clear (which is not uncommon for a variety of reasons=
), then the &quot;channel id&quot; will potentially be divulged in any case=
.<br>

<br>
Since the channel id is a public key, the server could include some nonce, =
encrypted by the channel id key, in messages to the client, the client coul=
d decrypt it, then encrypt the nonce with its private key, and include that=
 on messages back to the server, which the server could decrypt with the cl=
ient&#39;s public key and verify. doing something like that could help keep=
 the channel id itself out of these messages and their potentially leaky co=
mponents (such as cookies)<br>

<br>
if servers who rely upon the Channel ID always do so with a corresponding p=
roof-of-possession of the private key on the part of the TLS client (and th=
ey perform the requisite checks), then what are the security (as opposed to=
 privacy) issues if the Channel ID is observable by others? =A0I suppose it=
 depends on the app-layer use cases employing the &quot;channel id&quot;.<b=
r>

<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0We do this by sending a<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0constant-length Channel ID under encryption. =A0However, since =
the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Channel ID may be transmitted before the server&#39;s Finished =
message is<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0received, it&#39;s possible that the server isn&#39;t in posses=
sion of the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0certificate that it presented.<br>
<br>
do you mean in possession of the corresponding private key (to the cert it =
presented) ?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0In this=
 situation, an active attacker<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0could cause a Channel ID to be transmitted under a random key i=
n a<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0cipher suite of their choosing. =A0Therefore we limit the permi=
ssible<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0cipher suites to those where decrypting the message is infeasib=
le.<br>
<br>
these TLS cipher suites should be explicitly listed.<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Even with this limit, an active attacker can cause the Channel =
ID to<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0be transmitted in a non-forward-secure manner. =A0Subsequent di=
sclosure<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0of the server&#39;s private key would allow previously recorded=
 Channel<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0legitimate<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0IDs to be decrypted.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Second, we wish to guarantee that none of the first three attac=
kers<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0can terminate/hijack a TLS connection and impersonate a Channel=
 ID<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0from that connection when connecting to the legitimate server. =
=A0We<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0assume that TLS provides sufficient security to prevent a conne=
ction<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0from being hijacked once established by these attackers.<br>
<br>
did you mean to say..<br>
<br>
We assume that TLS provides sufficient security to prevent these attackers<=
br>
from being able to hijack the TLS connection.<br>
<br>
..?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0An active<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0attacker with a misissued certificate can successfully terminat=
e the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0TLS connection and decrypt the Channel ID.<br>
<br>
need a definition and perhaps reference for &quot;mis-issued&quot; cert.<br=
>
<br>
<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0However, as the signature<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0covers the handshake hashes, and therefore the server&#39;s cer=
tificate,<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0it wouldn&#39;t be accepted by the true server.<br>
<br>
this essentially means that a attacker server with a mis-issued certificate=
 cannot act as a real-time TLS proxy between the TLS client and legit serve=
r, yes?<br>
<br>
But otherwise such an attacker could potentially mount an impersonation of =
the legitimate server, yes?<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0Against an attacker with the legitimate server&#39;s private ke=
y we can<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0provide the second guarantee only if the legitimate server uses=
 a<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0forward-secret cipher suite, otherwise the attacker can hijack =
the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0connection.<br>
<br>
<br>
here &quot;connection&quot; means the long-lived &quot;security association=
&quot; between TLS client and legit server, yes?<br>
<br>
the known forward-secret TLS cipher suites should perhaps be listed in an a=
ppendix.<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
snip<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 6. =A0Privacy Considerations<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0The TLS layer does its part in protecting user privacy by<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0transmitting the Channel ID public key under encryption. =A0Hig=
her<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0levels of the stack must ensure that the same Channel ID is not=
 used<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0with different servers in such a way as to provide a linkable<b=
r>
&gt; =A0 =A0identifier. =A0For example, a user-agent must use different Cha=
nnel IDs<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0for communicating with different servers.<br>
<br>
There&#39;s ostensibly privacy implications worth mentioning in that each d=
istinct TLS client stack one wields with a particular TLS server will gener=
ate a distinct &quot;channel id&quot; (TLS-SAID), even if they are &quot;be=
hind&quot; one IP address from the server&#39;s perspective.<br>

<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 User-agents must also<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0ensure that Channel ID state can be reset by the user in the sa=
me way<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0as other identifiers, i.e. cookies.<br>
<br>
Yes, because otherwise this becomes a &quot;super cookie&quot; mech.<br>
<br>
This implies dependent app-layers will need to be able to handle dynamicall=
y changing &quot;channel id&quot; (TLS-SAID)s.<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0However, there are some security concerns that could result in =
the<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0disclosure of a client&#39;s Channel ID to a network attacker. =
=A0This is<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0covered in the Security Considerations section.<br>
&gt;<br>
snip<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 7. =A0IANA Considerations<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0This document requires IANA to update its registry of TLS exten=
sions<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0to assign an entry referred to here as &quot;channel_id&quot;.<=
br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0This document also requires IANA to update its registry of TLS<=
br>
&gt; =A0 =A0handshake types to assign an entry referred to here as<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0&quot;encrypted_extensions&quot;.<br>
&gt;<br>
snip<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 8. =A0References<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 8.1. =A0Normative References<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0[RFC2119] =A0Bradner, S., &quot;Key words for use in RFCs to In=
dicate<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Requirement Levels&quot;, BCP 14, RFC 2119=
, March 1997.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0[RFC5246] =A0Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, &quot;The Transport La=
yer Security<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2&quot;, RFC 5246=
, August 2008.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0[DSS] =A0 =A0 =A0National Institute of Standards and Technology=
, &quot;FIPS<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 186-3: Digital Signature Standard&quot;.<b=
r>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 ^<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 Issued June, 2009<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 8.2. =A0Informative References<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0[RFC5077] =A0Salowey, J., Zhou, H., Eronen, P., and H. Tschofen=
ig,<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 &quot;Transport Layer Security (TLS) Sessi=
on Resumption without<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 Server-Side State&quot;, RFC 5077, January=
 2008.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&lt;snip/&gt;<br>
<br>
---<br>
end<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--047d7b675dd207c8c704e0494c9c--

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Subject: [TLS] Fwd: Draft submission deadlines change
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In case you're not on the IETF announcement list.

spt
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: Draft submission deadlines change
Date: Tue, 02 Jul 2013 22:17:01 -0700
From: IETF Chair <chair@ietf.org>
Reply-To: ietf@ietf.org
To: IETF Announcement List <ietf-announce@ietf.org>

Please note that for IETF 87, there is only one deadline for draft 
submission: Monday 15th July. Previously, there had been two different 
deadlines, one for -00 and another one for other versions. The IESG has 
decided to experiment with just one deadline for now to simplify the set 
of deadlines and enable easier submission of new drafts. While we 
realise that the change comes near the deadline, we hope that you find 
the extra time useful.

But please do note that working group chairs will continue to make smart 
decisions about what topics are worthwhile for discussing in a session 
in the upcoming meeting, and will also set their agendas in a timely 
manner and create deadlines for their working groups that must be 
adhered to. The earlier new drafts are submitted, the more time there is 
to talk about them on the mailing lists and consider them for the 
session agendas. This is particularly important for BoFs.

Jari Arkko for the IESG




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I updated my parser for the "presentation language" in the SSL/TLS RFC's.  =
I used RFC5246.

Here is an updated version:
  tlsgrammar.tar - https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8YgrWYHqacSNDhCekgtWUVP=
MW8/edit?usp=3Dsharing

The presentation language definition in section four has a number of errors=
. Unfortunately, I only remember those that are related to the choices in a=
 variant; they are documented in the README file.

As for  the examples in the RFC, looking at a diff between the original and=
 changes I made, I have the following errors:

Section 4.7:  "digitally-signed opaque" should be "digitally-signed struct"=
 And shouldn't that struct have a name?

Section 7.4.1.2 in ClientHello: should cipher_suites be <1..2^16-1>?  And "=
struct {};" for the false case isn't valid; I suggest using a single semico=
lon.

Section 7.4.1.3 in ServerHello; same comment about "struct {};" vs ";" for =
an empty variant.

Section 7.4.1.4.1 should supported_signature_algorithms be <1..2^16-1> ?

Section 7.4.2, "ASN.1Cert" is not a valid name since "." is the sub-field o=
perator. I used "ASN1Cert"

Section 7.4.4, in CertificateRequest: see above question about supported_si=
gnature_algorithms

Section 7.4.7.2 in ClientDiffieHellmanPublic: I made dh_Yc a type and used =
it in the explicit case, since the current construct is not allowed by the =
presentation language.

Section 7.4.8 in CertificateVerify: The internal closing } is missing a sem=
icolon. And shouldn't that struct have a name?

Section A.4 in HandshakeProtocol : missing a comma after the finished item.

Section A.4 in ClientHello: same comment about cipher_suites. Same note abo=
ut the false case.

Section A.4 in ServerHello: same comment about the false case.

Section A.4.2: Same comment about ASN.1Cert changed to ASN1Cert

Section A.4.2 in ServerKeyExchange: the language requires that signed_param=
s be pulled out into its on struct. When I do that, it becomes obvious that=
 ServerDHParams is included twice, once plain and once part of the signed_p=
arams item. Is that correct?  Also, for the rsa/dh_dss/dh_rsa case, use a s=
emicolon to indicate an empty choice.

Section A.4.3 same comment about ClientDiffieHellmanPublic

Thanks.

            /r$

-- =20
Principal Security Engineer
Akamai Technology
Cambridge, MA

From dharkins@lounge.org  Wed Jul 10 10:49:50 2013
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References: <CALxQUYGdagDHr+A4EKN5qPD1jZG+dH8PHwb0-fKJVUN_vC1MSg@mail.gmail.com> <2A0EFB9C05D0164E98F19BB0AF3708C711B251EE97@USMBX1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <CALxQUYGpcKPOAoZ8J56AoUGx8B3JhdmMche8MdQuqD_S=Y22ZQ@mail.gmail.com> <2A0EFB9C05D0164E98F19BB0AF3708C711B251EF0E@USMBX1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <CALxQUYF1=oFBk=WZFoey+28j7MV7YvSkAD-YzJSeQ0Dp7uXmEA@mail.gmail.com> <2A0EFB9C05D0164E98F19BB0AF3708C711B251EFFF@USMBX1.msg.corp.akamai.com>
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 10:49:41 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org>
To: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair
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On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:
[snip]
> If you are trying to avoid CA's, then why not just use self-signed
> certificates or similar like PGP?

  Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the
TLS working group:

     http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00

  Dan.




From rsalz@akamai.com  Wed Jul 10 14:45:10 2013
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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: "TLS@ietf.org (tls@ietf.org)" <tls@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 17:45:00 -0400
Thread-Topic: Errors in RFC5246
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Errors in RFC5246
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In addition to the errors below, I found a few other questionable items.

Section 7.4.1.2, in ClientHello: where does extensions_present come from?

Section 7.4.1.3 in ServerHello: where does extensions_present come from?

Section 7.4.8, in CertificateVerify: where does handshake_messages_length c=
ome from?

Section A.4.1 in ClientHello and in ServerHello: same question about extens=
ions_present

Section A.4.3 in CertificateVerify: same question about handshake_messages_=
length

Thanks.

	/r$

-- =20
Principal Security Engineer
Akamai Technology
Cambridge, MA



-----Original Message-----
From: Salz, Rich=20
Sent: Tuesday, July 09, 2013 2:01 PM
To: TLS@ietf.org (tls@ietf.org)
Subject: Errors in RFC5246

I updated my parser for the "presentation language" in the SSL/TLS RFC's.  =
I used RFC5246.

Here is an updated version:
  tlsgrammar.tar - https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8YgrWYHqacSNDhCekgtWUVP=
MW8/edit?usp=3Dsharing

The presentation language definition in section four has a number of errors=
. Unfortunately, I only remember those that are related to the choices in a=
 variant; they are documented in the README file.

As for  the examples in the RFC, looking at a diff between the original and=
 changes I made, I have the following errors:

Section 4.7:  "digitally-signed opaque" should be "digitally-signed struct"=
 And shouldn't that struct have a name?

Section 7.4.1.2 in ClientHello: should cipher_suites be <1..2^16-1>?  And "=
struct {};" for the false case isn't valid; I suggest using a single semico=
lon.

Section 7.4.1.3 in ServerHello; same comment about "struct {};" vs ";" for =
an empty variant.

Section 7.4.1.4.1 should supported_signature_algorithms be <1..2^16-1> ?

Section 7.4.2, "ASN.1Cert" is not a valid name since "." is the sub-field o=
perator. I used "ASN1Cert"

Section 7.4.4, in CertificateRequest: see above question about supported_si=
gnature_algorithms

Section 7.4.7.2 in ClientDiffieHellmanPublic: I made dh_Yc a type and used =
it in the explicit case, since the current construct is not allowed by the =
presentation language.

Section 7.4.8 in CertificateVerify: The internal closing } is missing a sem=
icolon. And shouldn't that struct have a name?

Section A.4 in HandshakeProtocol : missing a comma after the finished item.

Section A.4 in ClientHello: same comment about cipher_suites. Same note abo=
ut the false case.

Section A.4 in ServerHello: same comment about the false case.

Section A.4.2: Same comment about ASN.1Cert changed to ASN1Cert

Section A.4.2 in ServerKeyExchange: the language requires that signed_param=
s be pulled out into its on struct. When I do that, it becomes obvious that=
 ServerDHParams is included twice, once plain and once part of the signed_p=
arams item. Is that correct?  Also, for the rsa/dh_dss/dh_rsa case, use a s=
emicolon to indicate an empty choice.

Section A.4.3 same comment about ClientDiffieHellmanPublic

Thanks.

            /r$

-- =20
Principal Security Engineer
Akamai Technology
Cambridge, MA

From rsalz@akamai.com  Wed Jul 10 14:52:35 2013
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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>, "TLS@ietf.org (tls@ietf.org)" <tls@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 17:52:25 -0400
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And a (hopefully last) set of items.

CompressionMethod is defined in Section 6.1 and Section 7.4.1.2; presumably=
 the second one should be removed.

It is also defined in Section A.4.1 and Section A.6; presumably the second =
one should be removed.


-- =20
Principal Security Engineer
Akamai Technology
Cambridge, MA



-----Original Message-----
From: Salz, Rich [mailto:rsalz@akamai.com]=20
Sent: Wednesday, July 10, 2013 5:45 PM
To: TLS@ietf.org (tls@ietf.org)
Subject: Re: [TLS] Errors in RFC5246

In addition to the errors below, I found a few other questionable items.

Section 7.4.1.2, in ClientHello: where does extensions_present come from?

Section 7.4.1.3 in ServerHello: where does extensions_present come from?

Section 7.4.8, in CertificateVerify: where does handshake_messages_length c=
ome from?

Section A.4.1 in ClientHello and in ServerHello: same question about extens=
ions_present

Section A.4.3 in CertificateVerify: same question about handshake_messages_=
length

Thanks.

	/r$

-- =20
Principal Security Engineer
Akamai Technology
Cambridge, MA



-----Original Message-----
From: Salz, Rich=20
Sent: Tuesday, July 09, 2013 2:01 PM
To: TLS@ietf.org (tls@ietf.org)
Subject: Errors in RFC5246

I updated my parser for the "presentation language" in the SSL/TLS RFC's.  =
I used RFC5246.

Here is an updated version:
  tlsgrammar.tar - https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8YgrWYHqacSNDhCekgtWUVP=
MW8/edit?usp=3Dsharing

The presentation language definition in section four has a number of errors=
. Unfortunately, I only remember those that are related to the choices in a=
 variant; they are documented in the README file.

As for  the examples in the RFC, looking at a diff between the original and=
 changes I made, I have the following errors:

Section 4.7:  "digitally-signed opaque" should be "digitally-signed struct"=
 And shouldn't that struct have a name?

Section 7.4.1.2 in ClientHello: should cipher_suites be <1..2^16-1>?  And "=
struct {};" for the false case isn't valid; I suggest using a single semico=
lon.

Section 7.4.1.3 in ServerHello; same comment about "struct {};" vs ";" for =
an empty variant.

Section 7.4.1.4.1 should supported_signature_algorithms be <1..2^16-1> ?

Section 7.4.2, "ASN.1Cert" is not a valid name since "." is the sub-field o=
perator. I used "ASN1Cert"

Section 7.4.4, in CertificateRequest: see above question about supported_si=
gnature_algorithms

Section 7.4.7.2 in ClientDiffieHellmanPublic: I made dh_Yc a type and used =
it in the explicit case, since the current construct is not allowed by the =
presentation language.

Section 7.4.8 in CertificateVerify: The internal closing } is missing a sem=
icolon. And shouldn't that struct have a name?

Section A.4 in HandshakeProtocol : missing a comma after the finished item.

Section A.4 in ClientHello: same comment about cipher_suites. Same note abo=
ut the false case.

Section A.4 in ServerHello: same comment about the false case.

Section A.4.2: Same comment about ASN.1Cert changed to ASN1Cert

Section A.4.2 in ServerKeyExchange: the language requires that signed_param=
s be pulled out into its on struct. When I do that, it becomes obvious that=
 ServerDHParams is included twice, once plain and once part of the signed_p=
arams item. Is that correct?  Also, for the rsa/dh_dss/dh_rsa case, use a s=
emicolon to indicate an empty choice.

Section A.4.3 same comment about ClientDiffieHellmanPublic

Thanks.

            /r$

-- =20
Principal Security Engineer
Akamai Technology
Cambridge, MA
_______________________________________________
TLS mailing list
TLS@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls

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Cc: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair
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--047d7ba9797236198704e13936a0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

Hi Dan,

I had a quick look at your work item, and I have some questions:

What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will the
attacker be able to impersonate as the user?

How will the password be stored in the server initially?

How will you handle TLS termination that is used many websites to
centralize the related measurements and protection against the common SSL
attacks in one place, and to allow the application firewalls to validate
and check the incoming requests for application-level attacks such as SQL
injection and cross-site scripting?

Thanks



On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 8:49 PM, Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org> wrote:

>
> On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:
> [snip]
> > If you are trying to avoid CA's, then why not just use self-signed
> > certificates or similar like PGP?
>
>   Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the
> TLS working group:
>
>      http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00
>
>   Dan.
>
>
>
>

--047d7ba9797236198704e13936a0
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">Hi Dan,<div><br></div><div style>I had a quick look at you=
r work item, and I have some questions:</div><div style><br></div><div styl=
e>What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will the =
attacker be able to impersonate as the user?</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>How will the password be stored in the serv=
er initially?</div><div style><br></div><div style>How will you handle TLS =
termination that is used many websites to centralize the related measuremen=
ts and protection against the common SSL attacks in one place, and to allow=
 the application firewalls to validate and check the incoming requests for =
application-level attacks such as SQL injection and cross-site scripting?</=
div>
<div style><br></div><div style>Thanks</div><div style><br></div></div><div=
 class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, Jul 10, 2=
013 at 8:49 PM, Dan Harkins <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:dharkin=
s@lounge.org" target=3D"_blank">dharkins@lounge.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<b=
r>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><br>
On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:<br>
[snip]<br>
<div class=3D"im">&gt; If you are trying to avoid CA&#39;s, then why not ju=
st use self-signed<br>
&gt; certificates or similar like PGP?<br>
<br>
</div>=A0 Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the<br>
TLS working group:<br>
<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00" tar=
get=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00</a><br>
<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888"><br>
=A0 Dan.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</font></span></blockquote></div><br></div>

--047d7ba9797236198704e13936a0--

From dharkins@lounge.org  Thu Jul 11 08:22:23 2013
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Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2013 08:22:15 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Dan Harkins" <dharkins@lounge.org>
To: "OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student)" <omh1835@rit.edu>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair
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  Hi Omar,

On Thu, July 11, 2013 2:42 am, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) wrote:
> Hi Dan,
>
> I had a quick look at your work item, and I have some questions:
>
> What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will the
> attacker be able to impersonate as the user?

  Successfully stealing records from the server's password file will
enable the thief to impersonate the client (back to the hacked server)
for all stolen records.

> How will the password be stored in the server initially?

  That is completely up to the server.

> How will you handle TLS termination that is used many websites to
> centralize the related measurements and protection against the common SSL
> attacks in one place, and to allow the application firewalls to validate
> and check the incoming requests for application-level attacks such as SQL
> injection and cross-site scripting?

  This is really an operational question. At the risk of sounding flippant
I guess I'd just say it will be handled in the best way possible.

  You claim in your draft that "UDKP aims to completely replace the TLS
protocol." That is a much more ambitious goal and you will need to handle
these sorts of issues. The tls-pwd draft just defines certificate-less
ciphersuites that are resistant to dictionary attack (and are better than
the various PSK ciphersuites) for use with the existing TLS protocol.

  regards,

  Dan.

> Thanks
>
>
>
> On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 8:49 PM, Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org> wrote:
>
>>
>> On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:
>> [snip]
>> > If you are trying to avoid CA's, then why not just use self-signed
>> > certificates or similar like PGP?
>>
>>   Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the
>> TLS working group:
>>
>>      http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00
>>
>>   Dan.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>


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Dan Harkins wrote:

> 
>   Hi Omar,
> 
> On Thu, July 11, 2013 2:42 am, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) wrote:
>> Hi Dan,
>>
>> I had a quick look at your work item, and I have some questions:
>>
>> What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will the
>> attacker be able to impersonate as the user?
> 
>   Successfully stealing records from the server's password file will
> enable the thief to impersonate the client (back to the hacked server)
> for all stolen records.
> 
>> How will the password be stored in the server initially?
> 
>   That is completely up to the server.
> 
>> How will you handle TLS termination that is used many websites to
>> centralize the related measurements and protection against the common SSL
>> attacks in one place, and to allow the application firewalls to validate
>> and check the incoming requests for application-level attacks such as SQL
>> injection and cross-site scripting?
> 
>   This is really an operational question. At the risk of sounding flippant
> I guess I'd just say it will be handled in the best way possible.
> 
>   You claim in your draft that "UDKP aims to completely replace the TLS
> protocol." That is a much more ambitious goal and you will need to handle
> these sorts of issues. The tls-pwd draft just defines certificate-less
> ciphersuites that are resistant to dictionary attack (and are better than
> the various PSK ciphersuites) for use with the existing TLS protocol.

<snip>

I'd like to also point out:

TLS-SRP: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5054
TLS-AugPAKE: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-shin-tls-augpake-00

Both are:

* Password-authenticated
* Do not involve CAs at all
* Do not allow a compromised server to impersonate the user
    - Zero-knowledge password proofs are rather useful
* Are designed to work with TLS, rather than replace it wholesale

While RFC 5054 is Informational rather than Standards track, it is supported 
by OpenSSL since 1.0.0h and 1.0.1 (https://www.openssl.org/news/news.html) 
and GnuTLS since at least 2007.


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Cc: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair
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Hi Dan,

I believe that your protocol will better suit for customized applications,
but when it comes to websites you will definitely face those issues that I
took about.



It's very common that a SQL injection attack against the website would give
the attacker the opportunity to steal database records, which will allow
the attacker to impersonate the client (I think TLS-SRP adds a little
complexity to protect against that scenario, I am sure you can improve this
part in your protocol)



Also TLS termination is very important, and must be supported by the
protocol, and the first challenge in that regard is that the load balancer
where the TLS connection should be terminated will not have access to the
server database, and I think without access to the server database you will
not be able to terminate the encrypted connection.



Regarding UDKP, I believe that the only valid attack against it is during
the registration. In that case using an initial TLS authenticated
connection will solve this issue, and for all later usages there is no need
to be dependent on certificate authorities.



In UDKP, if the server data has been stolen, the attacker will get only the
public key, and he will not be able to impersonate the client as he will
need the private key. And regarding TLS termination, the load balancer
could use the user public key to terminate the encrypted connection, and
the let the server authenticate the user. You can refer to section 5.2 in
the draft:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-omar-tls-udkp-01#section-5.2

In the coming version of the draft I will put a detailed analysis for the
attack scenarios.


On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 6:22 PM, Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org> wrote:

>
>   Hi Omar,
>
> On Thu, July 11, 2013 2:42 am, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) wrote:
> > Hi Dan,
> >
> > I had a quick look at your work item, and I have some questions:
> >
> > What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will the
> > attacker be able to impersonate as the user?
>
>   Successfully stealing records from the server's password file will
> enable the thief to impersonate the client (back to the hacked server)
> for all stolen records.
>
> > How will the password be stored in the server initially?
>
>   That is completely up to the server.
>
> > How will you handle TLS termination that is used many websites to
> > centralize the related measurements and protection against the common SSL
> > attacks in one place, and to allow the application firewalls to validate
> > and check the incoming requests for application-level attacks such as SQL
> > injection and cross-site scripting?
>
>   This is really an operational question. At the risk of sounding flippant
> I guess I'd just say it will be handled in the best way possible.
>
>   You claim in your draft that "UDKP aims to completely replace the TLS
> protocol." That is a much more ambitious goal and you will need to handle
> these sorts of issues. The tls-pwd draft just defines certificate-less
> ciphersuites that are resistant to dictionary attack (and are better than
> the various PSK ciphersuites) for use with the existing TLS protocol.
>
>   regards,
>
>   Dan.
>
> > Thanks
> >
> >
> >
> > On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 8:49 PM, Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org>
> wrote:
> >
> >>
> >> On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:
> >> [snip]
> >> > If you are trying to avoid CA's, then why not just use self-signed
> >> > certificates or similar like PGP?
> >>
> >>   Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the
> >> TLS working group:
> >>
> >>      http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00
> >>
> >>   Dan.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
>
>

--001a11c2e9b852c29d04e14eefa5
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><p class=3D"" style>Hi Dan,=A0</p><p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR=
" style=3D"direction:ltr">I believe that your protocol will
better suit for customized applications, but when it comes to websites you =
will
definitely face those issues that I took about.</p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=
=3D"RTL" style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">It&#39;s very common that=
 a SQL
injection attack against the website would give the attacker the opportunit=
y to
steal database records, which will allow the attacker to impersonate the cl=
ient
(I think TLS-SRP adds a little complexity to protect against that scenario,=
 I am sure you can improve this part in your protocol)</p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=
=3D"RTL" style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">Also TLS termination is v=
ery
important, and must be supported by the protocol, and the first challenge i=
n
that regard is that the load balancer where the TLS connection should be
terminated will not have access to the server database, and I think without=
 access
to the server database you will not be able to terminate the encrypted
connection.</p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=
=3D"RTL" style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">Regarding UDKP, I believe=
 that the
only valid attack against it is during the registration. In that case using=
 an
initial TLS authenticated connection will solve this issue, and for all lat=
er
usages there is no need to be dependent on certificate authorities.</p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=
=3D"RTL" style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">In UDKP, if the server da=
ta has
been stolen, the attacker will get only the public key, and he will not be =
able
to impersonate the client as he will need the private key<span dir=3D"RTL">=
</span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" style=3D"f=
ont-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></s=
pan>.</span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span lang=3D=
"AR-EG"><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span>
</span>And regarding TLS termination, the
load balancer could use the user public key to terminate the encrypted
connection, and the let the server authenticate the user. You can refer to
section 5.2 in the draft<span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><=
span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><spa=
n dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span>:</span><span dir=3D"LTR"></s=
pan><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></s=
pan> </p>


<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><a href=3D"http://tools.i=
etf.org/html/draft-omar-tls-udkp-01#section-5.2">http://tools.ietf.org/html=
/draft-omar-tls-udkp-01#section-5.2</a></p>

<p class=3D"" dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">In the coming version of =
the draft
I will put a detailed analysis for the attack scenarios<span dir=3D"RTL"></=
span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" style=3D"fon=
t-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></spa=
n>.</span></p>
</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu,=
 Jul 11, 2013 at 6:22 PM, Dan Harkins <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mail=
to:dharkins@lounge.org" target=3D"_blank">dharkins@lounge.org</a>&gt;</span=
> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><br>
=A0 Hi Omar,<br>
<div class=3D"im"><br>
On Thu, July 11, 2013 2:42 am, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) wrote:<br>
&gt; Hi Dan,<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; I had a quick look at your work item, and I have some questions:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will t=
he<br>
&gt; attacker be able to impersonate as the user?<br>
<br>
</div>=A0 Successfully stealing records from the server&#39;s password file=
 will<br>
enable the thief to impersonate the client (back to the hacked server)<br>
for all stolen records.<br>
<div class=3D"im"><br>
&gt; How will the password be stored in the server initially?<br>
<br>
</div>=A0 That is completely up to the server.<br>
<div class=3D"im"><br>
&gt; How will you handle TLS termination that is used many websites to<br>
&gt; centralize the related measurements and protection against the common =
SSL<br>
&gt; attacks in one place, and to allow the application firewalls to valida=
te<br>
&gt; and check the incoming requests for application-level attacks such as =
SQL<br>
&gt; injection and cross-site scripting?<br>
<br>
</div>=A0 This is really an operational question. At the risk of sounding f=
lippant<br>
I guess I&#39;d just say it will be handled in the best way possible.<br>
<br>
=A0 You claim in your draft that &quot;UDKP aims to completely replace the =
TLS<br>
protocol.&quot; That is a much more ambitious goal and you will need to han=
dle<br>
these sorts of issues. The tls-pwd draft just defines certificate-less<br>
ciphersuites that are resistant to dictionary attack (and are better than<b=
r>
the various PSK ciphersuites) for use with the existing TLS protocol.<br>
<br>
=A0 regards,<br>
<br>
=A0 Dan.<br>
<div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5"><br>
&gt; Thanks<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 8:49 PM, Dan Harkins &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:dha=
rkins@lounge.org">dharkins@lounge.org</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:<br>
&gt;&gt; [snip]<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; If you are trying to avoid CA&#39;s, then why not just use se=
lf-signed<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; certificates or similar like PGP?<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; =A0 Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the<b=
r>
&gt;&gt; TLS working group:<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pw=
d-00" target=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00</a=
><br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; =A0 Dan.<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
<br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>

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Subject: Re: [TLS] User Defined Key Pair
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Hi Alex,

* Password-authenticated

UDKP is key-authenticated, it's based on signing a message by the user's
private key, and getting it validated by the user's public key, which is
stored on the server.
That will make it easy for supporting TLS termination as mentioned in the
section 5.2 of the draft, which is not easy to be supported by the TLS-SRP,
and that's one of the reasons it's not yet implemented in browsers.

* Do not involve CAs at all

If it's to be used in the browsers for websites, it will have to depend on
CA to secure the registration of the user credential on the server, and
that is also the case with UDKP.

* Do not allow a compromised server to impersonate the user
    - Zero-knowledge password proofs are rather useful

If the server is compromised, offline and dictionary attack will be
possible against the verifier, the attack will be in the password entropy.
In UDKP the authentication is done using public/private key, the server
will only contains the public key which will not be useful to impersonate
the user. The key generation should be based on at least the password, and
the security question/answer pair, for applications that require more
security the key generation will be based on a file that the user will
select, or the key generation will be based on a smart card or a hardware
token (more details on that will be in the coming version of the draft).

* Are designed to work with TLS, rather than replace it wholesale
Actually I have been advised to make it compatible with TLS, and I am
thinking of that seriously.


Thank You
Best Regards



On Fri, Jul 12, 2013 at 2:37 PM, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student)
<omh1835@rit.edu>wrote:

> Hi Dan,
>
> I believe that your protocol will better suit for customized applications,
> but when it comes to websites you will definitely face those issues that I
> took about.
>
>
>
> It's very common that a SQL injection attack against the website would
> give the attacker the opportunity to steal database records, which will
> allow the attacker to impersonate the client (I think TLS-SRP adds a little
> complexity to protect against that scenario, I am sure you can improve this
> part in your protocol)
>
>
>
> Also TLS termination is very important, and must be supported by the
> protocol, and the first challenge in that regard is that the load balancer
> where the TLS connection should be terminated will not have access to the
> server database, and I think without access to the server database you will
> not be able to terminate the encrypted connection.
>
>
>
> Regarding UDKP, I believe that the only valid attack against it is during
> the registration. In that case using an initial TLS authenticated
> connection will solve this issue, and for all later usages there is no need
> to be dependent on certificate authorities.
>
>
>
> In UDKP, if the server data has been stolen, the attacker will get only
> the public key, and he will not be able to impersonate the client as he
> will need the private key. And regarding TLS termination, the load
> balancer could use the user public key to terminate the encrypted
> connection, and the let the server authenticate the user. You can refer to
> section 5.2 in the draft:
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-omar-tls-udkp-01#section-5.2
>
> In the coming version of the draft I will put a detailed analysis for the
> attack scenarios.
>
>
> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 6:22 PM, Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org> wrote:
>
>>
>>   Hi Omar,
>>
>> On Thu, July 11, 2013 2:42 am, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) wrote:
>> > Hi Dan,
>> >
>> > I had a quick look at your work item, and I have some questions:
>> >
>> > What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will the
>> > attacker be able to impersonate as the user?
>>
>>   Successfully stealing records from the server's password file will
>> enable the thief to impersonate the client (back to the hacked server)
>> for all stolen records.
>>
>> > How will the password be stored in the server initially?
>>
>>   That is completely up to the server.
>>
>> > How will you handle TLS termination that is used many websites to
>> > centralize the related measurements and protection against the common
>> SSL
>> > attacks in one place, and to allow the application firewalls to validate
>> > and check the incoming requests for application-level attacks such as
>> SQL
>> > injection and cross-site scripting?
>>
>>   This is really an operational question. At the risk of sounding flippant
>> I guess I'd just say it will be handled in the best way possible.
>>
>>   You claim in your draft that "UDKP aims to completely replace the TLS
>> protocol." That is a much more ambitious goal and you will need to handle
>> these sorts of issues. The tls-pwd draft just defines certificate-less
>> ciphersuites that are resistant to dictionary attack (and are better than
>> the various PSK ciphersuites) for use with the existing TLS protocol.
>>
>>   regards,
>>
>>   Dan.
>>
>> > Thanks
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> > On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 8:49 PM, Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org>
>> wrote:
>> >
>> >>
>> >> On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:
>> >> [snip]
>> >> > If you are trying to avoid CA's, then why not just use self-signed
>> >> > certificates or similar like PGP?
>> >>
>> >>   Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the
>> >> TLS working group:
>> >>
>> >>      http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00
>> >>
>> >>   Dan.
>> >>
>> >>
>> >>
>> >>
>> >
>>
>>
>

--001a11c2456e989df204e14fd122
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Hi Alex,</div><div><br></div><div>* Password-authenti=
cated</div><div><br></div><div>UDKP is key-authenticated, it&#39;s based on=
 signing a message by the user&#39;s private key, and getting it validated =
by the user&#39;s public key, which is stored on the server.</div>
<div>That will make it easy for supporting TLS termination as mentioned in =
the section 5.2 of the draft, which is not easy to be supported by the TLS-=
SRP, and that&#39;s one of the reasons it&#39;s not yet implemented in brow=
sers.</div>
<div>=A0</div><div>* Do not involve CAs at all</div><div><br></div><div>If =
it&#39;s to be used in the browsers for websites, it will have to depend on=
 CA to secure the registration of the user credential on the server, and th=
at is also the case with UDKP.</div>
<div>=A0</div><div>* Do not allow a compromised server to impersonate the u=
ser</div><div>=A0 =A0 - Zero-knowledge password proofs are rather useful</d=
iv><div><br></div><div>If the server is compromised, offline and dictionary=
 attack will be possible against the verifier, the attack will be in the pa=
ssword entropy.</div>
<div>In UDKP the authentication is done using public/private key, the serve=
r will only contains the public key which will not be useful to impersonate=
 the user. The key generation should be based on at least the password, and=
 the security question/answer pair, for applications that require more secu=
rity the key generation will be based on a file that the user will select, =
or the key generation will be based on a smart card or a hardware token (mo=
re details on that will be in the coming version of the draft).</div>
<div><br></div><div>* Are designed to work with TLS, rather than replace it=
 wholesale</div><div>Actually I have been advised to make it compatible wit=
h TLS, and I am thinking of that seriously.=A0</div><div><br></div><div><br=
>
</div><div>Thank You</div><div>Best Regards</div><div><br></div></div><div =
class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri, Jul 12, 20=
13 at 2:37 PM, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"m=
ailto:omh1835@rit.edu" target=3D"_blank">omh1835@rit.edu</a>&gt;</span> wro=
te:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 .8ex;border-left:1px #c=
cc solid;border-right:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;padding-right:1ex"><d=
iv dir=3D"ltr"><p>Hi Dan,=A0</p><p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">I be=
lieve that your protocol will
better suit for customized applications, but when it comes to websites you =
will
definitely face those issues that I took about.</p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" sty=
le=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">It&#39;s very common that a SQL
injection attack against the website would give the attacker the opportunit=
y to
steal database records, which will allow the attacker to impersonate the cl=
ient
(I think TLS-SRP adds a little complexity to protect against that scenario,=
 I am sure you can improve this part in your protocol)</p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" sty=
le=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">Also TLS termination is very
important, and must be supported by the protocol, and the first challenge i=
n
that regard is that the load balancer where the TLS connection should be
terminated will not have access to the server database, and I think without=
 access
to the server database you will not be able to terminate the encrypted
connection.</p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" sty=
le=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">Regarding UDKP, I believe that the
only valid attack against it is during the registration. In that case using=
 an
initial TLS authenticated connection will solve this issue, and for all lat=
er
usages there is no need to be dependent on certificate authorities.</p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" sty=
le=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif">=A0</span></p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">In UDKP, if the server data has
been stolen, the attacker will get only the public key, and he will not be =
able
to impersonate the client as he will need the private key<span dir=3D"RTL">=
</span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" style=3D"f=
ont-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></s=
pan>.</span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span lang=3D=
"AR-EG"><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span>
</span>And regarding TLS termination, the
load balancer could use the user public key to terminate the encrypted
connection, and the let the server authenticate the user. You can refer to
section 5.2 in the draft<span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><=
span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><spa=
n dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span>:</span><span dir=3D"LTR"></s=
pan><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></span><span dir=3D"LTR"></s=
pan> </p>



<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr"><a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/htm=
l/draft-omar-tls-udkp-01#section-5.2" target=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.o=
rg/html/draft-omar-tls-udkp-01#section-5.2</a></p>

<p dir=3D"LTR" style=3D"direction:ltr">In the coming version of the draft
I will put a detailed analysis for the attack scenarios<span dir=3D"RTL"></=
span><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span lang=3D"AR-EG" dir=3D"RTL" style=3D"fon=
t-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span dir=3D"RTL"></span><span dir=3D"RTL"></spa=
n>.</span></p>

</div><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><b=
r><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 6:22 PM, Dan Harki=
ns <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:dharkins@lounge.org" target=3D"_=
blank">dharkins@lounge.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><br>
=A0 Hi Omar,<br>
<div><br>
On Thu, July 11, 2013 2:42 am, OMAR HASSAN (RIT Student) wrote:<br>
&gt; Hi Dan,<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; I had a quick look at your work item, and I have some questions:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; What will be the consequences if the server data has be stolen? will t=
he<br>
&gt; attacker be able to impersonate as the user?<br>
<br>
</div>=A0 Successfully stealing records from the server&#39;s password file=
 will<br>
enable the thief to impersonate the client (back to the hacked server)<br>
for all stolen records.<br>
<div><br>
&gt; How will the password be stored in the server initially?<br>
<br>
</div>=A0 That is completely up to the server.<br>
<div><br>
&gt; How will you handle TLS termination that is used many websites to<br>
&gt; centralize the related measurements and protection against the common =
SSL<br>
&gt; attacks in one place, and to allow the application firewalls to valida=
te<br>
&gt; and check the incoming requests for application-level attacks such as =
SQL<br>
&gt; injection and cross-site scripting?<br>
<br>
</div>=A0 This is really an operational question. At the risk of sounding f=
lippant<br>
I guess I&#39;d just say it will be handled in the best way possible.<br>
<br>
=A0 You claim in your draft that &quot;UDKP aims to completely replace the =
TLS<br>
protocol.&quot; That is a much more ambitious goal and you will need to han=
dle<br>
these sorts of issues. The tls-pwd draft just defines certificate-less<br>
ciphersuites that are resistant to dictionary attack (and are better than<b=
r>
the various PSK ciphersuites) for use with the existing TLS protocol.<br>
<br>
=A0 regards,<br>
<br>
=A0 Dan.<br>
<div><div><br>
&gt; Thanks<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 8:49 PM, Dan Harkins &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:dha=
rkins@lounge.org" target=3D"_blank">dharkins@lounge.org</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; On Mon, June 24, 2013 11:34 am, Salz, Rich wrote:<br>
&gt;&gt; [snip]<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; If you are trying to avoid CA&#39;s, then why not just use se=
lf-signed<br>
&gt;&gt; &gt; certificates or similar like PGP?<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; =A0 Or why not use a protocol that is already a work item of the<b=
r>
&gt;&gt; TLS working group:<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pw=
d-00" target=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-pwd-00</a=
><br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; =A0 Dan.<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
<br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>

--001a11c2456e989df204e14fd122--

From pascal.urien@gmail.com  Fri Jul 12 06:06:38 2013
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From: Pascal Urien <pascal.urien@gmail.com>
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Subject: [TLS] draft-urien-tls-llcp-02.txt
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--20cf3033454d46d1f104e1502e27
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Hi All,

A new version of I-D, draft-urien-tls-llcp-02.txt is available at
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-urien-tls-llcp-02.txt


LLCPS has been sucessfully implemented between a blackberry NFC mobile and
a NFC reader

see http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWS41cIZylw

 Abstract:
    This document describes the implementation, named LLCPS, of the TLS
    protocol over the NFC (Near Field Communication) LLCP (Logical Link
    Control Protocol) layer. The NFC peer to peer (P2P) protocol may be
    used by any application that needs communication between two devices
    at very small distances (a few centimeters). LLCPS enforces a strong
    security in NFC P2P exchanges, and may be deployed for many
    services, in the Internet Of Things (IoT) ecosystem, such as
    payments, access control or ticketing operations. Applications
    secured by LLCPS are identified by the service name
    "urn:nfc:sn:tls:x" where x is the application name.

Regards

Pascal Urien

--20cf3033454d46d1f104e1502e27
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Hi All,</div><div>=A0</div><div>A new version of I-D,=
 draft-urien-tls-llcp-02.txt is available at<br><a href=3D"http://www.ietf.=
org/internet-drafts/draft-urien-tls-llcp-02.txt">http://www.ietf.org/intern=
et-drafts/draft-urien-tls-llcp-02.txt</a></div>
<p><br>LLCPS has been sucessfully implemented between a blackberry NFC mobi=
le and a NFC reader</p><p>see <a href=3D"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DC=
WS41cIZylw">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DCWS41cIZylw</a><br>=A0<br>=A0A=
bstract:<br>
=A0=A0=A0 This document describes the implementation, named LLCPS, of the T=
LS<br>=A0=A0=A0 protocol over the NFC (Near Field Communication) LLCP (Logi=
cal Link<br>=A0=A0=A0 Control Protocol) layer. The NFC peer to peer (P2P) p=
rotocol may be<br>
=A0=A0=A0 used by any application that needs communication between two devi=
ces<br>=A0=A0=A0 at very small distances (a few centimeters). LLCPS enforce=
s a strong<br>=A0=A0=A0 security in NFC P2P exchanges, and may be deployed =
for many<br>=A0=A0=A0 services, in the Internet Of Things (IoT) ecosystem, =
such as<br>
=A0=A0=A0 payments, access control or ticketing operations. Applications<br=
>=A0=A0=A0 secured by LLCPS are identified by the service name<br>=A0=A0=A0=
 &quot;urn:nfc:sn:tls:x&quot; where x is the application name.</p><p>Regard=
s</p><p>Pascal Urien</p>
<p>=A0</p></div>

--20cf3033454d46d1f104e1502e27--

From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Mon Jul 15 16:11:27 2013
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Subject: [TLS] I-D Action: draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of=
 the IETF.

	Title           : Out-of-Band Public Key Validation for Transport Layer Se=
curity (TLS)
	Author(s)       : Paul Wouters
                          Hannes Tschofenig
                          John Gilmore
                          Samuel Weiler
                          Tero Kivinen
	Filename        : draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
	Pages           : 15
	Date            : 2013-07-15

Abstract:
   This document specifies a new certificate type and two TLS
   extensions, one for the client and one for the server, for exchanging
   raw public keys in Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram
   Transport Layer Security (DTLS) for use with out-of-band public key
   validation.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


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Subject: Re: [TLS] I-D Action: draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
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On 07/16/2013 01:11 AM, internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> 
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
>  This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of the IETF.
> 
> 	Title           : Out-of-Band Public Key Validation for Transport Layer Security (TLS)
> 	Author(s)       : Paul Wouters
>                           Hannes Tschofenig
>                           John Gilmore
>                           Samuel Weiler
>                           Tero Kivinen
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
> 	Pages           : 15
> 	Date            : 2013-07-15
> 
> Abstract:
>    This document specifies a new certificate type and two TLS
>    extensions, one for the client and one for the server, for exchanging
>    raw public keys in Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram
>    Transport Layer Security (DTLS) for use with out-of-band public key
>    validation.
> 
> 
> The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey
> 

Thanks for the new draft.

I have some comments to this version:

In section 3. New TLS Extension the link to Section 2.3.5 of RFC 5480
is wrong, this should be just Section 2.

RFC 5480 defines a lot more OIDs which could be used as an algorithm OID
than listen in Figure 3. ECDSA defines a different OID for every
standardized curve. I think naming the OID in Figure 3 should be removed
and there should just be a pinter to the RFC. It should also be made
clear that there could be further RFC than RFC 3279, RFC3279 and RFC5480
defining OIDs used in the SubjectPublicKeyInfo, like RFCs defining a new
public key type.

Could you add some list definition where the numbers assigned by the
IANA should be added later. I like how it is done in
draft-mcgrew-tls-aes-ccm-ecc-06 for the CipherSuites [0].

Are there some intermediate version of this draft available, like a
public readable svn repository where the work on this draft is happening?

Hauke


[0]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mcgrew-tls-aes-ccm-ecc-06#section-2

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From: Joseph Birr-Pixton <jpixton@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] TLS Digest, Vol 108, Issue 10
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On Mon, 15 Jul 2013 16:11:27 -0700,  <internet-drafts@ietf.org> wrote:
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
>  This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of the IETF.
>
>         Title           : Out-of-Band Public Key Validation for Transport Layer Security (TLS)
>         Author(s)       : Paul Wouters
>                           Hannes Tschofenig
>                           John Gilmore
>                           Samuel Weiler
>                           Tero Kivinen
>         Filename        : draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
>         Pages           : 15
>         Date            : 2013-07-15
>
> Abstract:
>    This document specifies a new certificate type and two TLS
>    extensions, one for the client and one for the server, for exchanging
>    raw public keys in Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram
>    Transport Layer Security (DTLS) for use with out-of-band public key
>    validation.

What is the rationale for having the public key communicated /both/
authentically out-of-band and inauthentically in-band?

Avoiding any inauthentic communication of the public key means failure
to establish the correct key out-of-band will mean a connection is
impossible, even in the presence of implementation bugs.

Possible rationale could include:

- allowing leap-of-faith authentication.
- allowing an endpoint to vary the public key it returns with time or
other extension content (like SNI, EC curves, etc.)
- allowing an endpoint which cannot or does not store an authentic
public key for its counterpart, but can store (say) a hash of it.

In any case, I think including the real rationale in the RFC could
prove instructive.

Cheers,
Joe

From hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net  Thu Jul 18 05:02:56 2013
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Subject: [TLS] draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA512

Hi all,=20

last Monday I have submitted an updated version of the "Out-of-Band =
Public Key Validation for Transport Layer Security (TLS)" document in an =
attempt to incorporate the review from Sean as well as the discussion =
feedback on the list in response to it.=20

Here is the updated version:=20
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey/

A look at the diff quickly reveals the changes I have made: =20
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08

Ciao
Hannes

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From: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] I-D Action: draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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- -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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Hi Hauke,=20

thanks for your quick review.=20

>=20
> Thanks for the new draft.
>=20
> I have some comments to this version:
>=20
> In section 3. New TLS Extension the link to Section 2.3.5 of RFC 5480
> is wrong, this should be just Section 2.
You are unfortunately correct. Fixed it.=20

>=20
> RFC 5480 defines a lot more OIDs which could be used as an algorithm =
OID
> than listen in Figure 3. ECDSA defines a different OID for every
> standardized curve. I think naming the OID in Figure 3 should be =
removed
> and there should just be a pinter to the RFC. It should also be made
> clear that there could be further RFC than RFC 3279, RFC3279 and =
RFC5480
> defining OIDs used in the SubjectPublicKeyInfo, like RFCs defining a =
new
> public key type.

You are right that (a) there may be more OIDs defined in the future and =
that (b) RFC 5480 defines more OIDs than the single one listed in the =
table.=20
However, the table just lists examples to illustrate common cases for =
the reader. I could, however, add a sentence to point out that these are =
just examples and more OIDs exist.=20

>=20
> Could you add some list definition where the numbers assigned by the
> IANA should be added later. I like how it is done in
> draft-mcgrew-tls-aes-ccm-ecc-06 for the CipherSuites [0].

The above-mentioned draft uses a different registry but I guess you are =
asking for a snapshot of the current registry.=20
For example, something like this:=20

- - ------------------------------------------------------
Value 	Description 	          Reference=20
 0	           X.509	                  [RFC6091]
 1	         OpenPGP	          [RFC6091]
 3             Raw Public Key    [This RFC]
 3-223	 Unassigned=09
224-255	 Reserved for         [RFC6091]=20
                Private Use=09
- - ------------------------------------------------------

Is this correct?=20

>=20
> Are there some intermediate version of this draft available, like a
> public readable svn repository where the work on this draft is =
happening?

Yes; here is the git repository:
=
https://github.com/hannestschofenig/tschofenig-ids/tree/master/raw-public-=
keys

Ciao
Hannes

>=20
> Hauke
>=20
>=20
> [0]: =
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mcgrew-tls-aes-ccm-ecc-06#section-2
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls

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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
To: "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>, IETF DANE WG list <dane@ietf.org>,  certificate-transparency@googlegroups.com
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Subject: [TLS] Certificate Transparency Hack Day
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--bcaec50e5f9582c54304e1dadabc
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

The Certificate Transparency team are considering hosting a hack day
at Google's London office during the week of Aug 27-30 (Mon Aug 26 is
a bank holiday). On the agenda would likely be:

* log dashboard and data visualization
* an appengine port of the dashboard
* browser plugins
* binary transparency
* DNSSEC transparency
* revocation transparency
* anything else people find interesting

If you'd be interested in attending such an event, please let Ben
Laurie (benl@google.com) know and indicate any preference for which
day.

Thanks!

--bcaec50e5f9582c54304e1dadabc
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px=
">The Certificate Transparency team are considering hosting a hack day</spa=
n><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style=3D"=
font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">at Google&#39;s London office =
during the week of Aug 27-30 (Mon Aug 26 is</span><br style=3D"font-family:=
arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">a bank holiday)=
. On the agenda would likely be:</span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-=
serif;font-size:13px"><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:1=
3px">
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">* log dashboard=
 and data visualization</span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;fon=
t-size:13px"><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">* =
an appengine port of the dashboard</span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,san=
s-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">* browser plugi=
ns</span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span st=
yle=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">* binary transparency</=
span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">* DNSSEC transp=
arency</span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><spa=
n style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">* revocation transp=
arency</span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">* anything else=
 people find interesting</span><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;fo=
nt-size:13px"><br style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><sp=
an style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">If you&#39;d be in=
terested in attending such an event, please let Ben</span><br style=3D"font=
-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Laurie (</span>=
<a href=3D"mailto:benl@google.com" style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;fo=
nt-size:13px">benl@google.com</a><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-seri=
f;font-size:13px">) know and indicate any preference for which</span><br st=
yle=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">day.</span><br =
style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style=3D"font-fam=
ily:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-=
serif;font-size:13px">Thanks!</span><br>
</div>

--bcaec50e5f9582c54304e1dadabc--

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Cc: tls@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [TLS] draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08
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Hannes,

The remaining point is that this draft needs to state that checking the 
status of the key/name binding is also done out-of-band.

spt

On 7/18/13 8:02 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA512
>
> Hi all,
>
> last Monday I have submitted an updated version of the "Out-of-Band Public Key Validation for Transport Layer Security (TLS)" document in an attempt to incorporate the review from Sean as well as the discussion feedback on the list in response to it.
>
> Here is the updated version:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey/
>
> A look at the diff quickly reveals the changes I have made:
> http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08
>
> Ciao
> Hannes
>
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From hauke@hauke-m.de  Sat Jul 20 08:29:32 2013
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi Hannes,

On 07/18/2013 02:19 PM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA512
> 
> Hi Hauke,
> 
> thanks for your quick review.
> 
> 
>> Thanks for the new draft.
> 
>> I have some comments to this version:
> 
>> RFC 5480 defines a lot more OIDs which could be used as an
>> algorithm OID than listen in Figure 3. ECDSA defines a different
>> OID for every standardized curve. I think naming the OID in
>> Figure 3 should be removed and there should just be a pinter to
>> the RFC. It should also be made clear that there could be further
>> RFC than RFC 3279, RFC3279 and RFC5480 defining OIDs used in the
>> SubjectPublicKeyInfo, like RFCs defining a new public key type.
> 
> You are right that (a) there may be more OIDs defined in the future
> and that (b) RFC 5480 defines more OIDs than the single one listed
> in the table. However, the table just lists examples to illustrate
> common cases for the reader. I could, however, add a sentence to
> point out that these are just examples and more OIDs exist.

Thanks for adding the sentence that makes it clear.

> 
>> Could you add some list definition where the numbers assigned by
>> the IANA should be added later. I like how it is done in 
>> draft-mcgrew-tls-aes-ccm-ecc-06 for the CipherSuites [0].
> 
> The above-mentioned draft uses a different registry but I guess you
> are asking for a snapshot of the current registry. For example,
> something like this:
> 
> - ------------------------------------------------------ Value
> Description 	          Reference 0	           X.509
> [RFC6091] 1	         OpenPGP	          [RFC6091] 3             Raw
> Public Key    [This RFC] 3-223	 Unassigned 224-255	 Reserved for
> [RFC6091] Private Use -
> ------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Is this correct?

Isn't the final number in the end of the standardization process added
to the draft? I was just thinking about adding a placeholder for that
number in the draft. For the Certificate Type there is already the
excepted number added in the draft, but for the
server_certificate_type and client_certificate_type there is a
placeholder missing.

>> Are there some intermediate version of this draft available, like
>> a public readable svn repository where the work on this draft is
>> happening?
> 
> Yes; here is the git repository: 
> https://github.com/hannestschofenig/tschofenig-ids/tree/master/raw-public-keys

Thanks
> 
for the link.

Hauke
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Subject: [TLS] On the Security of the TLS Protocol: A Systematic Analysis by Hugo Krawczyk, Kenneth G. Paterson and Hoeteck Wee..
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Everyone,

The subject line is the title of a scheduled talk at the up coming Crypto
2013 about TLS. I think the paper is at the link below.


http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/339.pdf

Quynh.

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Everyone,</div><div><br></div><div>The subject line i=
s the title of a scheduled talk at the up coming Crypto 2013 about TLS. I t=
hink the paper is at the link below.=A0</div><div><br></div><div><br></div>=
<a href=3D"http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/339.pdf">http://eprint.iacr.org/2013=
/339.pdf</a><div>

<br></div><div>Quynh.=A0<br><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div>

--047d7ba97f3ae1be9904e2a404ba--

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From: "Paterson, Kenny" <Kenny.Paterson@rhul.ac.uk>
To: Quynh Dang <quynh97@gmail.com>, "tls@ietf.org" <tls@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [TLS] On the Security of the TLS Protocol: A Systematic Analysis by Hugo Krawczyk, Kenneth G. Paterson and Hoeteck Wee..
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Subject: Re: [TLS] On the Security of the TLS Protocol: A Systematic Analysis by Hugo Krawczyk, Kenneth G. Paterson and Hoeteck Wee..
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Quynh,

That is indeed the paper. The talk will be given by Hoeteck Wee. I am very
happy to try to answer any questions on the paper on this list.

For once, the results are good news for TLS!

Regards,

Kenny=20

On 29/07/2013 12:32, "Quynh Dang" <quynh97@gmail.com> wrote:

>Everyone,
>
>
>The subject line is the title of a scheduled talk at the up coming Crypto
>2013 about TLS. I think the paper is at the link below.
>
>
>
>
>http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/339.pdf
>
>Quynh.=20
>
>
>
>
>
>




From agl@google.com  Mon Jul 29 12:09:49 2013
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From: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
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Subject: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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I cannot make it to Berlin I'm afraid (or, indeed, any meetings until
at least IETF 91) so I'm writing my thoughts on
draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02, which is scheduled for discussion.

We (Google) support the addition of Salsa20 as a cipher in TLS. Having
a secure cipher which is fast and constant time on all platforms is
important. It's also good to have an alternative to AES in the wings
should that be needed in the future. At the moment I consider RC4 and
AES-CBC to be mortally wounded, even if we have to continue supporting
them for many years yet.

Salsa20/12 is something that we are currently working on supporting.

However, I believe that Poly1305 is superior to UMAC and we're looking
at Salsa20/12+Poly1305, not UMAC. (Note: that's Poly1305 with the
nonce generated directly by Salsa20/12, not via AES.)

(For the following, I used UMAC in nettle 2.7 and Andrew M's
implementation of Poly1305[1], both on a E5-2690@2.90GHz with
Hyperthreading and Turboboost disabled.)

UMAC96 (with AES for the nonce generation) takes 9146.1ns to
authenticate 1K of data, HMAC-SHA1(1K) takes 3667ns and Poly1305 takes
561.4ns.

However, that's not the whole story for UMAC because it can use 1.5KB
of memory for precomputation, after which it can authenticate 1KB of
memory in just 329ns with that in L1. That's typically the headline
speed that's advertised.

However, I consider cache pressure to be a way of cheating on
benchmarks :) Benchmarks don't show cache pressure until the algorithm
itself spills the L1 cache but, in a real system, cache costs.

With the precomputed data only in L3 cache (tested by cycling through
10,000 contexts), UMAC takes 922.16ns to authenticate 1KB.

So UMAC may give a small benefit to cases with few, busy connections,
but it's a loss in the case where there are many connections (a
server), or a few connections, intermittently used (i.e. a web
browser).

Additionally, Poly1305 can be written in a tweet(*), while UMAC is
dramatically more complex. Since they are both Wegman-Carter style
hashes I believe that they both have, fundamentally, well understood
security properties. (See [2] for a good overview.)

Thus Poly1305 is looking much more attractive to us.


(* Here's an attempt in 159 chars: "Take msg in 16 byte chunks. Append
1 to each msg chunk&0-pad to 17 bytes. Interpt little-endian. Calc
polynom in key[:16] mod 2^130-5. Add key[:16]. Mod 2^128.")

[1] https://github.com/floodyberry/poly1305-donna
[2] http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/144.pdf


Cheers

AGL

From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Jul 29 12:40:09 2013
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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+1.

While we're at it, what about curve25519 for DH?

Let's make sure this time not to leave out any combination using DH
(anon and not).

Nico
--

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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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Hi Adam:

Let us add (re)tweetability to the requirements for algorithm design! 
While we are at it, let us impose this to all RFCs, technical papers, 
source code, poetry, text books, and our daily news as well.  Well, with 
the latter we are already nearly there...

Darn, now I may have surpassed the tweet limit myself!

Rene

==

Additionally, Poly1305 can be written in a tweet(*), while UMAC is
dramatically more complex.



On 7/29/2013 3:09 PM, Adam Langley wrote:
> I cannot make it to Berlin I'm afraid (or, indeed, any meetings until
> at least IETF 91) so I'm writing my thoughts on
> draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02, which is scheduled for discussion.
>
> We (Google) support the addition of Salsa20 as a cipher in TLS. Having
> a secure cipher which is fast and constant time on all platforms is
> important. It's also good to have an alternative to AES in the wings
> should that be needed in the future. At the moment I consider RC4 and
> AES-CBC to be mortally wounded, even if we have to continue supporting
> them for many years yet.
>
> Salsa20/12 is something that we are currently working on supporting.
>
> However, I believe that Poly1305 is superior to UMAC and we're looking
> at Salsa20/12+Poly1305, not UMAC. (Note: that's Poly1305 with the
> nonce generated directly by Salsa20/12, not via AES.)
>
> (For the following, I used UMAC in nettle 2.7 and Andrew M's
> implementation of Poly1305[1], both on a E5-2690@2.90GHz with
> Hyperthreading and Turboboost disabled.)
>
> UMAC96 (with AES for the nonce generation) takes 9146.1ns to
> authenticate 1K of data, HMAC-SHA1(1K) takes 3667ns and Poly1305 takes
> 561.4ns.
>
> However, that's not the whole story for UMAC because it can use 1.5KB
> of memory for precomputation, after which it can authenticate 1KB of
> memory in just 329ns with that in L1. That's typically the headline
> speed that's advertised.
>
> However, I consider cache pressure to be a way of cheating on
> benchmarks :) Benchmarks don't show cache pressure until the algorithm
> itself spills the L1 cache but, in a real system, cache costs.
>
> With the precomputed data only in L3 cache (tested by cycling through
> 10,000 contexts), UMAC takes 922.16ns to authenticate 1KB.
>
> So UMAC may give a small benefit to cases with few, busy connections,
> but it's a loss in the case where there are many connections (a
> server), or a few connections, intermittently used (i.e. a web
> browser).
>
> Additionally, Poly1305 can be written in a tweet(*), while UMAC is
> dramatically more complex. Since they are both Wegman-Carter style
> hashes I believe that they both have, fundamentally, well understood
> security properties. (See [2] for a good overview.)
>
> Thus Poly1305 is looking much more attractive to us.
>
>
> (* Here's an attempt in 159 chars: "Take msg in 16 byte chunks. Append
> 1 to each msg chunk&0-pad to 17 bytes. Interpt little-endian. Calc
> polynom in key[:16] mod 2^130-5. Add key[:16]. Mod 2^128.")
>
> [1] https://github.com/floodyberry/poly1305-donna
> [2] http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/144.pdf
>
>
> Cheers
>
> AGL
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls


-- 
email: rstruik.ext@gmail.com | Skype: rstruik
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From nick.a.mathewson@gmail.com  Mon Jul 29 17:40:39 2013
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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On Mon, Jul 29, 2013 at 3:09 PM, Adam Langley <agl@google.com> wrote:
> I cannot make it to Berlin I'm afraid (or, indeed, any meetings until
> at least IETF 91) so I'm writing my thoughts on
> draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02, which is scheduled for discussion.
>
> We (Google) support the addition of Salsa20 as a cipher in TLS. Having
> a secure cipher which is fast and constant time on all platforms is
> important. It's also good to have an alternative to AES in the wings
> should that be needed in the future. At the moment I consider RC4 and
> AES-CBC to be mortally wounded, even if we have to continue supporting
> them for many years yet.

Hi!  Nick Mathewson (Tor guy) here.

We at Tor also support adding Salsa20 as a TLS ciphersuite, for about
the same reasons as Adam.  (We won't be able to start using it much
till browsers start using it, of course, since it's not in our
interest to be among the first adopters of any externally detectable
TLS feature.)

I also personally concur with Adam's arguments in favor of Poly1305,
but UMAC wouldn't be a disaster.

best wishes,
-- 
Nick Mathewson

From ted@krovetz.net  Mon Jul 29 20:03:48 2013
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> However, I believe that Poly1305 is superior to UMAC and we're looking
> at Salsa20/12+Poly1305, not UMAC. (Note: that's Poly1305 with the
> nonce generated directly by Salsa20/12, not via AES.)

The key agility in a simple poly hash is certainly much better than that =
of UMAC, and I agree that UMAC is not appropriate for some usage =
scenarios. I don't know enough about TLS usage, however, to comment on =
whether UMAC is a bad choice.

A couple of alternatives that may be worth considering...

--

In an attempt to simplify from UMAC, I developed VMAC as an alternative =
that uses considerably less internal key and is significantly faster on =
64-bit architectures. Even from L3 cache it is probably 2-3 times faster =
than Poly1305.

http://fastcrypto.org/vmac/
http://krovetz.net/csus/papers/vhash-revise.pdf
http://krovetz.net/csus/papers/vmac.pdf

--

I'd also suggest using Bernstein's Chacha instead of Bernstein's Salsa. =
It has the same core as Salsa, but Bernstein cleaned up the rough edges =
of its prolog and epilog, making it smaller, faster and nicer to =
program. Chacha is basically a better Salsa.

http://cr.yp.to/chacha.html

-Ted=

From n.mavrogiannopoulos@gmail.com  Tue Jul 30 02:02:00 2013
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From: Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
To: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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On Mon, Jul 29, 2013 at 9:09 PM, Adam Langley <agl@google.com> wrote:
> I cannot make it to Berlin I'm afraid (or, indeed, any meetings until
> at least IETF 91) so I'm writing my thoughts on
> draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02, which is scheduled for discussion.
[...]
> Salsa20/12 is something that we are currently working on supporting.
> However, I believe that Poly1305 is superior to UMAC and we're looking
> at Salsa20/12+Poly1305, not UMAC. (Note: that's Poly1305 with the
> nonce generated directly by Salsa20/12, not via AES.)

Thanks. The choice between UMAC and Poly1305 is indeed an open issue right now.

> (For the following, I used UMAC in nettle 2.7 and Andrew M's
> implementation of Poly1305[1], both on a E5-2690@2.90GHz with
> Hyperthreading and Turboboost disabled.)
> UMAC96 (with AES for the nonce generation) takes 9146.1ns to
> authenticate 1K of data, HMAC-SHA1(1K) takes 3667ns and Poly1305 takes
> 561.4ns.
> However, that's not the whole story for UMAC because it can use 1.5KB
> of memory for precomputation, after which it can authenticate 1KB of
> memory in just 329ns with that in L1. That's typically the headline
> speed that's advertised.

That is, however, an important advantage in dedicated peer-to-peer
connections (e.g., VPN), which is how I test the current ciphersuites.

btw. was Poly1305 used with salsa20/12 in this comparison or AES? If
it is salsa20, I believe that the numbers would be quite different for
UMAC if used with salsa20 as well.

In any case, whether AES is used on the MAC (UMAC or Poly1305) or the
cipher of the ciphersuite is also an issue to be addressed. The only
issue for using the cipher instead of AES, is the fact that there are
no test vectors (in an RFC or any other document), and both of these
variants were defined using AES so by combining the MAC with another
cipher TLS will be quite unique. Nevertheless that idea of combining
them with the actual cipher in use is quite nice and has advantages in
a number of systems.

> Additionally, Poly1305 can be written in a tweet(*), while UMAC is
> dramatically more complex. Since they are both Wegman-Carter style
> hashes I believe that they both have, fundamentally, well understood
> security properties. (See [2] for a good overview.)

Complexity is indeed an issue, but tweetocity doesn't seem to be a
clear advantage :)

> Thus Poly1305 is looking much more attractive to us.

While I like UMAC, but I also see the advantages of Poly1305. In any
case, I think it would be a good idea to add them to the list (or even
replace umac if there are no clear advantages) if that draft proceeds.

regards,
Nikos

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Date: Tue, 30 Jul 2013 10:40:27 +0100
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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--bcaec51b1b9f21a44604e2b76651
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Also, defining ciphersuites for SSL 3, TLS 1.0/1.1 would be good, so we can
use them despite downgrade attacks.


On 29 July 2013 20:09, Adam Langley <agl@google.com> wrote:

> I cannot make it to Berlin I'm afraid (or, indeed, any meetings until
> at least IETF 91) so I'm writing my thoughts on
> draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02, which is scheduled for discussion.
>
> We (Google) support the addition of Salsa20 as a cipher in TLS. Having
> a secure cipher which is fast and constant time on all platforms is
> important. It's also good to have an alternative to AES in the wings
> should that be needed in the future. At the moment I consider RC4 and
> AES-CBC to be mortally wounded, even if we have to continue supporting
> them for many years yet.
>
> Salsa20/12 is something that we are currently working on supporting.
>
> However, I believe that Poly1305 is superior to UMAC and we're looking
> at Salsa20/12+Poly1305, not UMAC. (Note: that's Poly1305 with the
> nonce generated directly by Salsa20/12, not via AES.)
>
> (For the following, I used UMAC in nettle 2.7 and Andrew M's
> implementation of Poly1305[1], both on a E5-2690@2.90GHz with
> Hyperthreading and Turboboost disabled.)
>
> UMAC96 (with AES for the nonce generation) takes 9146.1ns to
> authenticate 1K of data, HMAC-SHA1(1K) takes 3667ns and Poly1305 takes
> 561.4ns.
>
> However, that's not the whole story for UMAC because it can use 1.5KB
> of memory for precomputation, after which it can authenticate 1KB of
> memory in just 329ns with that in L1. That's typically the headline
> speed that's advertised.
>
> However, I consider cache pressure to be a way of cheating on
> benchmarks :) Benchmarks don't show cache pressure until the algorithm
> itself spills the L1 cache but, in a real system, cache costs.
>
> With the precomputed data only in L3 cache (tested by cycling through
> 10,000 contexts), UMAC takes 922.16ns to authenticate 1KB.
>
> So UMAC may give a small benefit to cases with few, busy connections,
> but it's a loss in the case where there are many connections (a
> server), or a few connections, intermittently used (i.e. a web
> browser).
>
> Additionally, Poly1305 can be written in a tweet(*), while UMAC is
> dramatically more complex. Since they are both Wegman-Carter style
> hashes I believe that they both have, fundamentally, well understood
> security properties. (See [2] for a good overview.)
>
> Thus Poly1305 is looking much more attractive to us.
>
>
> (* Here's an attempt in 159 chars: "Take msg in 16 byte chunks. Append
> 1 to each msg chunk&0-pad to 17 bytes. Interpt little-endian. Calc
> polynom in key[:16] mod 2^130-5. Add key[:16]. Mod 2^128.")
>
> [1] https://github.com/floodyberry/poly1305-donna
> [2] http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/144.pdf
>
>
> Cheers
>
> AGL
> _______________________________________________
> TLS mailing list
> TLS@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls
>

--bcaec51b1b9f21a44604e2b76651
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">Also, defining ciphersuites for SSL 3, TLS 1.0/1.1 would b=
e good, so we can use them despite downgrade attacks.</div><div class=3D"gm=
ail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On 29 July 2013 20:09, Adam L=
angley <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:agl@google.com" target=3D"_b=
lank">agl@google.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I cannot make it to Berlin I&#39;m afraid (o=
r, indeed, any meetings until<br>
at least IETF 91) so I&#39;m writing my thoughts on<br>
draft-josefsson-salsa20-tls-02, which is scheduled for discussion.<br>
<br>
We (Google) support the addition of Salsa20 as a cipher in TLS. Having<br>
a secure cipher which is fast and constant time on all platforms is<br>
important. It&#39;s also good to have an alternative to AES in the wings<br=
>
should that be needed in the future. At the moment I consider RC4 and<br>
AES-CBC to be mortally wounded, even if we have to continue supporting<br>
them for many years yet.<br>
<br>
Salsa20/12 is something that we are currently working on supporting.<br>
<br>
However, I believe that Poly1305 is superior to UMAC and we&#39;re looking<=
br>
at Salsa20/12+Poly1305, not UMAC. (Note: that&#39;s Poly1305 with the<br>
nonce generated directly by Salsa20/12, not via AES.)<br>
<br>
(For the following, I used UMAC in nettle 2.7 and Andrew M&#39;s<br>
implementation of Poly1305[1], both on a E5-2690@2.90GHz with<br>
Hyperthreading and Turboboost disabled.)<br>
<br>
UMAC96 (with AES for the nonce generation) takes 9146.1ns to<br>
authenticate 1K of data, HMAC-SHA1(1K) takes 3667ns and Poly1305 takes<br>
561.4ns.<br>
<br>
However, that&#39;s not the whole story for UMAC because it can use 1.5KB<b=
r>
of memory for precomputation, after which it can authenticate 1KB of<br>
memory in just 329ns with that in L1. That&#39;s typically the headline<br>
speed that&#39;s advertised.<br>
<br>
However, I consider cache pressure to be a way of cheating on<br>
benchmarks :) Benchmarks don&#39;t show cache pressure until the algorithm<=
br>
itself spills the L1 cache but, in a real system, cache costs.<br>
<br>
With the precomputed data only in L3 cache (tested by cycling through<br>
10,000 contexts), UMAC takes 922.16ns to authenticate 1KB.<br>
<br>
So UMAC may give a small benefit to cases with few, busy connections,<br>
but it&#39;s a loss in the case where there are many connections (a<br>
server), or a few connections, intermittently used (i.e. a web<br>
browser).<br>
<br>
Additionally, Poly1305 can be written in a tweet(*), while UMAC is<br>
dramatically more complex. Since they are both Wegman-Carter style<br>
hashes I believe that they both have, fundamentally, well understood<br>
security properties. (See [2] for a good overview.)<br>
<br>
Thus Poly1305 is looking much more attractive to us.<br>
<br>
<br>
(* Here&#39;s an attempt in 159 chars: &quot;Take msg in 16 byte chunks. Ap=
pend<br>
1 to each msg chunk&amp;0-pad to 17 bytes. Interpt little-endian. Calc<br>
polynom in key[:16] mod 2^130-5. Add key[:16]. Mod 2^128.&quot;)<br>
<br>
[1] <a href=3D"https://github.com/floodyberry/poly1305-donna" target=3D"_bl=
ank">https://github.com/floodyberry/poly1305-donna</a><br>
[2] <a href=3D"http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/144.pdf" target=3D"_blank">http:=
//eprint.iacr.org/2013/144.pdf</a><br>
<br>
<br>
Cheers<br>
<br>
AGL<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
TLS mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:TLS@ietf.org">TLS@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls" target=3D"_blank">htt=
ps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tls</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br></div>

--bcaec51b1b9f21a44604e2b76651--

From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Tue Jul 30 06:36:44 2013
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Subject: [TLS] I-D Action: draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-09.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Transport Layer Security Working Group of=
 the IETF.

	Title           : Out-of-Band Public Key Validation for Transport Layer Se=
curity (TLS)
	Author(s)       : Paul Wouters
                          Hannes Tschofenig
                          John Gilmore
                          Samuel Weiler
                          Tero Kivinen
	Filename        : draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-09.txt
	Pages           : 15
	Date            : 2013-07-30

Abstract:
   This document specifies a new certificate type and two TLS
   extensions, one for the client and one for the server, for exchanging
   raw public keys in Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram
   Transport Layer Security (DTLS) for use with out-of-band public key
   validation.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-09

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-09


Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


From hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net  Tue Jul 30 06:48:37 2013
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Hi all,=20

I have just submitted an update to the TLS OOB document to incorporate =
the remarks from Sean and Hauke.=20
The updated version can be found here:=20
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey

Ciao
Hannes

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Subject: Re: [TLS] I-D Action: draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
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Hi Hauke,=20


I addressed your earlier comments with the most recent draft update. =
There is this issue left:=20

>>> Could you add some list definition where the numbers assigned by
>>> the IANA should be added later. I like how it is done in=20
>>> draft-mcgrew-tls-aes-ccm-ecc-06 for the CipherSuites [0].
>>=20
>> The above-mentioned draft uses a different registry but I guess you
>> are asking for a snapshot of the current registry. For example,
>> something like this:
>>=20
>> - ------------------------------------------------------ Value
>> Description 	          Reference 0	           X.509
>> [RFC6091] 1	         OpenPGP	          [RFC6091] 3            =
 Raw
>> Public Key    [This RFC] 3-223	 Unassigned 224-255	 =
Reserved for
>> [RFC6091] Private Use -
>> ------------------------------------------------------
>>=20
>> Is this correct?
>=20
> Isn't the final number in the end of the standardization process added
> to the draft? I was just thinking about adding a placeholder for that
> number in the draft. For the Certificate Type there is already the
> excepted number added in the draft, but for the
> server_certificate_type and client_certificate_type there is a
> placeholder missing.
>=20
I have not added the current snapshot of the registry to the draft at =
the moment.=20
I am not convinced I should do it since the (more accurate) data will in =
the end be in the IANA repository.=20

Ciao
Hannes

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From: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
Date: Tue, 30 Jul 2013 10:45:05 -0400
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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On Mon, Jul 29, 2013 at 11:03 PM, Ted Krovetz <ted@krovetz.net> wrote:
> In an attempt to simplify from UMAC, I developed VMAC as an alternative that uses considerably less internal key and is significantly faster on 64-bit architectures. Even from L3 cache it is probably 2-3 times faster than Poly1305.
>
> http://fastcrypto.org/vmac/
> http://krovetz.net/csus/papers/vhash-revise.pdf
> http://krovetz.net/csus/papers/vmac.pdf

I agree that VMAC has considerably less memory footprint, around 168
bytes in total, and is faster. I will try to repeat the above
benchmarks for VMAC this week. (And, hopefully, run some tests on
ARM.)

> I'd also suggest using Bernstein's Chacha instead of Bernstein's Salsa. It has the same core as Salsa, but Bernstein cleaned up the rough edges of its prolog and epilog, making it smaller, faster and nicer to program. Chacha is basically a better Salsa.
>
> http://cr.yp.to/chacha.html

I do like ChaCha more than Salsa. However, in this case we don't have
the theoretical foundations of polynomial authenticators to stand on.
Salsa is what gets reviewed, ChaCha has had relatively little
attention. The improvement from Salsa to ChaCha doesn't seem to be
large enough to justify switching.

Having said that, I'm fine with either.


Cheers

AGL

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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 5:00 AM, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
<nmav@gnutls.org> wrote:
> btw. was Poly1305 used with salsa20/12 in this comparison or AES? If
> it is salsa20, I believe that the numbers would be quite different for
> UMAC if used with salsa20 as well.

I measured UMAC with AES as you had previously indicated that was what
you were aiming at. (I measured Poly1305's raw speed as the difference
is small.)

If UMAC were measured without the AES operation then I think ~20ns
could be removed, although I'm using tables from bench.cr.yp.to due to
time.

> Complexity is indeed an issue, but tweetocity doesn't seem to be a
> clear advantage :)

The simplicity is of some value, although I'll admit that the tweet
left some things under specified :)


Cheers

AGL

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Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> writes:

> Also, defining ciphersuites for SSL 3, TLS 1.0/1.1 would be good, so we can
> use them despite downgrade attacks.

Surely if you discover that the remote end appears to support only SSL
3 but yet somehow supports Salsa, you should stop trying to
communicate because you're under a downgrade attack?

From hauke@hauke-m.de  Tue Jul 30 12:35:38 2013
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From: Hauke Mehrtens <hauke@hauke-m.de>
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Subject: Re: [TLS] I-D Action: draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-08.txt
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On 07/30/2013 03:50 PM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
> Hi Hauke,
> 
> 
> I addressed your earlier comments with the most recent draft
> update. There is this issue left:
> 
>>>> Could you add some list definition where the numbers assigned
>>>> by the IANA should be added later. I like how it is done in 
>>>> draft-mcgrew-tls-aes-ccm-ecc-06 for the CipherSuites [0].
>>> 
>>> The above-mentioned draft uses a different registry but I guess
>>> you are asking for a snapshot of the current registry. For
>>> example, something like this:
>>> 
>>> - ------------------------------------------------------ Value 
>>> Description 	          Reference 0	           X.509 [RFC6091] 1
>>> OpenPGP	          [RFC6091] 3             Raw Public Key
>>> [This RFC] 3-223	 Unassigned 224-255	 Reserved for [RFC6091]
>>> Private Use - 
>>> ------------------------------------------------------
>>> 
>>> Is this correct?
> 
>> Isn't the final number in the end of the standardization process
>> added to the draft? I was just thinking about adding a
>> placeholder for that number in the draft. For the Certificate
>> Type there is already the excepted number added in the draft, but
>> for the server_certificate_type and client_certificate_type there
>> is a placeholder missing.
> 
> I have not added the current snapshot of the registry to the draft
> at the moment. I am not convinced I should do it since the (more
> accurate) data will in the end be in the IANA repository.
> 

Hi Hannes,

yes, I also think you should not add a number into the draft till it
is assigned by the IANA.

Now I get the meaning of this block:
   Value: 2
   Description: Raw Public Key
   Reference: [[THIS RFC]]

I was a little bit confused, but this is nice. ;-)


Could you also add such a block for the TLS extensions?

   Value: TBD
   Extension name: client_certificate_type
   Reference: [[THIS RFC]]

   Value: TBD
   Extension name: server_certificate_type
   Reference: [[THIS RFC]]

Hauke
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Subject: Re: [TLS] Salsa20 and Poly1305 in TLS
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On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 2:26 PM, Geoffrey Keating <geoffk@geoffk.org> wrote:
> Surely if you discover that the remote end appears to support only SSL
> 3 but yet somehow supports Salsa, you should stop trying to
> communicate because you're under a downgrade attack?

Unfortunately there exist middleboxes that prevent > SSLv3 from being
used, but which don't interfere with the encrypted traffic itself.
Breaking these is costly, and fundamentally ineffective because the
users will switch to a client that `works'. Ideally we would be able
to support secure connections in the broadest range of situations.


Cheers

AGL
